
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 136 (Friday, July 15, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 46143-46144]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-16727]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-78289; File No. PCAOB-2007-04]


Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; Order Granting 
Approval of Proposed Amendments to Board Rules Relating to Inspections

July 11, 2016.

I. Introduction

    On March 24, 2016, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(the ``Board'' or the ``PCAOB'') filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (the ``Commission''), pursuant to Section 107(b) \1\ of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the ``Sarbanes-Oxley Act'') and Section 
19(b) \2\ of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ``Exchange 
Act''), a proposal to adopt amendments to Rule 4003, Frequency of 
Inspections, to revise paragraphs (b) and (d) and add new paragraphs 
(e) and (h) (collectively, the ``Proposed Rules'').\3\ The Proposed 
Rules were published for comment in the Federal Register on April 13, 
2016.\4\ At the time the notice was issued, the Commission extended to 
July 12, 2016 the date by which the Commission should take action on 
the Proposed Rules.\5\ The Commission received two comment letters in 
response to the notice.\6\ This order approves the Proposed Rules.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 7217(b).
    \2\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b).
    \3\ On October 22, 2007, the Board filed amendments related to 
Rule 4003 with the Commission and requested Commission approval. The 
Commission did not act on the amendments subject to the 2007 filing. 
On February 26, 2016, the Board adopted revisions to those proposed 
amendments and, on March 24, 2016 amended the 2007 filing to reflect 
those revisions.
    \4\ See Release No. 34-77558 (April 7, 2016), 81 FR 21909 (April 
13, 2016).
    \5\ Ibid.
    \6\ See letters from Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, dated 
April 29, 2016 (``Deloitte''), available at https://www.sec.gov/comments/pcaob-2007-04/pcaob200704-1.pdf, and an anonymous letter, 
dated May 3, 2016 (``anonymous letter''), available at https://www.sec.gov/comments/pcaob-2007-04/pcaob200704-2.htm.
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II. Description of the Proposed Rules

    On February 26, 2016, the Board adopted amendments to Rule 4003 to 
(i) require that at least five percent of registered public accounting 
firms that play a substantial role in the preparation or furnishing of 
an audit report be inspected on an annual basis, (ii) maintain the 
requirement to inspect all firms that issue an audit report for an 
issuer but provide the Board the discretion to forego an inspection, on 
a case-by-case basis, for a firm that does not subsequently issue an 
audit report for two consecutive years, (iii) qualify the term ``audit 
report'' to keep relevant portions of the rule consistent with the 
original meaning, and (iv) specify that no inspection requirement 
arises solely because a firm consented to an issuer's use of a 
previously issued audit report.

A. Amendments Related to the Inspection of Substantial Role Only Firms

    Under the Proposed Rules, the triennial inspection requirement for 
registered public accounting firms that play a substantial role in 
audits but do not issue audit reports (``substantial role only'') \7\ 
is eliminated and replaced with a requirement to inspect at least five 
percent of such ``substantial role only'' firms. As a result, Rule 
4003(b) is amended to delete the references to ``substantial role 
only'' firms and Proposed Rule 4003(h) is added to require that the 
Board will inspect at least five percent of the ``substantial role 
only'' firms on an annual basis. Additionally, Rule 4003(d) is amended 
to remove the references to ``substantial role only'' firms.
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    \7\ We are using the phrase ``substantial role only'' to 
identify the registered public accounting firms that play a 
substantial role in audits of issuers but do not issue audit reports 
with respect to any issuers as distinguished from the category of 
firms that play a substantial role in some audits and separately 
issue audit reports with regards to other audits. Firms that play a 
substantial role in an audit of an issuer must register with the 
PCAOB. See PCAOB Rule 2100(b).
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B. Amendments Related to the Inspections of Firms That Have Not Issued 
Audit Reports in Two Consecutive Years

    Under the Proposed Rules, Rule 4003(b) will continue to retain the 
requirement to inspect any registered public accounting firm that 
issues an audit report with respect to an issuer. However, Proposed 
Rule 4003(e) is added to provide the Board with the discretion to 
forego the inspection of a registered public accounting firm that has 
not issued any audit reports in two consecutive years.

C. Amendments Related to the Term ``Audit Report'' and Consents to the 
Use of Previously Issued Audit Reports

    Under the Proposed Rules, Rule 4003(d) is amended to add the phrase 
``with respect to an issuer'' to qualify the term ``audit report'' 
within the rule. The added qualification is needed to clarify that the 
Proposed Rules apply only to the audits of issuers because, after the 
original rule was adopted, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and 
Consumer Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act'') \8\ amended the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act to establish the PCAOB's oversight of the audits of broker-
dealers.\9\ Additionally, Rule 4003(b) is amended to provide that no 
inspection requirement arises under the rule solely because a firm 
consents to an issuer's use of a previously issued audit report.
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    \8\ Public Law 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
    \9\ See Section 101 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act [15 U.S.C. 7211].
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D. Applicability and Effective Date

    The Proposed Rules would become effective upon approval by the 
Commission and apply to the audits of all issuers, including audits of 
emerging growth companies (``EGCs''),\10\ as discussed in Section IV 
below. The Proposed Rules do not impact the inspection frequency of the 
audits of brokers and dealers under Exchange Act Rule 17a-5.\11\
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    \10\ The term ``emerging growth company'' is defined in Section 
3(a)(80) of the Exchange Act [15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(80)].
    \11\ If the broker or dealer is also an issuer, the Proposed 
Rules could impact the inspection frequency of the audits of such 
broker or dealer.
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III. Comment Letters

    As noted above, the Commission received two comment letters

[[Page 46144]]

concerning the Proposed Rules. Both commenters expressed support for 
the Proposed Rules.\12\
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    \12\ See Deloitte letter and anonymous letter.
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IV. The PCAOB's EGC Request

    Section 103(a)(3)(C) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that any 
rules of the Board ``requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a 
supplement to the auditor's report in which the auditor would be 
required to provide additional information about the audit and the 
financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis)'' shall not 
apply to an audit of an EGC.\13\ The Proposed Rules do not fall into 
this category of rules. Section 103(a)(3)(C) further provides that 
``[a]ny additional rules'' adopted by the PCAOB after April 5, 2012 
shall not apply to the audits of EGCs ``unless the Commission 
determines that the application of such additional requirements is 
necessary or appropriate in the public interest, after considering the 
protection of investors and whether the action will promote efficiency, 
competition, and capital formation.'' The Proposed Rules fall within 
this category of additional rules and thus the Commission must make a 
determination under the statute about the applicability of the Proposed 
Rules to audits of EGCs. Having considered those statutory factors, and 
as explained further herein, the Commission finds that applying the 
Proposed Rules to audits of EGCs is necessary or appropriate in the 
public interest.
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    \13\ 15 U.S.C. 7213(a)(3)(C).
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    In proposing application of the Proposed Rules to audits of all 
issuers, including EGCs, the Board requested that the Commission make 
the determination required by Section 103(a)(3)(C). To assist the 
Commission in making its determination under Section 103(a)(3)(C), the 
PCAOB prepared and submitted to the Commission its own EGC analysis, 
which was included in the Commission's public notice soliciting comment 
on the Proposed Rules. In its analysis, the Board states that the 
Proposed Rules do not change or add to the requirements that apply to 
the audits of any issuers, including EGCs. Any inspection of an audit 
of an EGC would be conducted in the same manner as it would have under 
existing PCAOB rules. The Proposed Rules only impact the frequency with 
which the PCAOB may inspect a small number of firms.\14\
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    \14\ Specifically, out of the proposed amendments, only Proposed 
Rule 4003(e) would potentially change inspection frequency. However, 
the number of firms that would be covered by Proposed Rule 4003(e) 
appear to be small. The Board notes that there were 12 firms in 2015 
that had previously issued an audit report in one year but none in 
the following two consecutive years. For the firms that would be 
covered by Proposed Rule 4003(h), the practice of the PCAOB has been 
to inspect five percent of those firms on an annual basis since 
2009.
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    The Board does not anticipate that the Proposed Rules would impact 
the audit quality for audits of EGCs by altering auditors' perception 
regarding inspection likelihood. Specifically, the Board does not 
believe that the Proposed Rules will affect an auditor's perception, 
during an audit of an EGC, of the possibility of such audit being 
inspected or the nature of any inspection or review, if conducted.
    Based on the PCAOB's EGC analysis, we believe the information in 
the record is sufficient for the Commission to make the requested EGC 
determination in relation to the Proposed Rules. The Commission notes 
that because only a small number of firms fall within the categories of 
the Proposed Rules, the impact on the inspection frequency of the 
audits of EGCs is likely limited. Further, as to the ``substantial role 
only'' firms, the PCAOB is merely codifying its current practice.

V. Conclusion

    The Commission has carefully reviewed and considered the Proposed 
Rules and the information submitted therewith by the PCAOB, including 
the PCAOB's EGC analysis, and the comment letters received. In 
connection with the PCAOB's filing and the Commission's review,
    A. The Commission finds that the Proposed Rules are consistent with 
the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the securities laws and 
are necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the 
protection of investors; and
    B. Separately, the Commission finds that the application of the 
Proposed Rules to EGC audits is necessary or appropriate in the public 
interest, after considering the protection of investors and whether the 
action will promote efficiency, competition, and capital formation.
    IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED, pursuant to Section 107 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act and Section 19(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, that the Proposed 
Rules (File No. PCAOB-2007-04) be and hereby are approved.

    By the Commission.
Jill M. Peterson,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-16727 Filed 7-14-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P


