
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 126 (Thursday, June 30, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 38436-38443]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-16417]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-64742; File No. SR-NYSEAmex-2011-18]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Order Approving 
Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 1, Relating to the 
Formation of a Joint Venture Between the Exchange, Its Ultimate Parent 
NYSE Euronext, and Seven Other Entities To Operate an Electronic 
Trading Facility for Options Contracts

 June 24, 2011.

I. Introduction

    On March 23, 2011, NYSE Amex LLC (``NYSE Amex'') filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'' or ``SEC'') a 
proposed rule change, pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ in 
connection with the formation of a joint venture between NYSE Amex, its 
ultimate parent NYSE Euronext, a Delaware corporation, and the 
following entities (each, a ``Founding Firm''): Citadel Securities LLC 
(``Citadel''); Goldman, Sachs & Co. (``Goldman Sachs''); Banc of 
America Strategic Investments Corporation (``BAML''); Citigroup 
Financial Strategies, Inc. (``Citigroup''); Datek Online Management 
Corp. (``TD Ameritrade''); UBS Americas Inc. (``UBS''); and Barclays 
Electronic Commerce Holdings Inc. (``Barclays''), to operate an 
electronic trading facility (``Options Facility'') that will engage in 
the business of listing for trading options contracts permitted to be 
listed on a national securities exchange (or facility thereof) and 
related activities. The proposed rule change was published for comment 
in the Federal Register on April 4, 2011.\3\ The Commission received 
three comment letters on the proposal.\4\ The Commission subsequently 
extended to July 1, 2011, the time period in which to either approve 
the proposed rule change, or to institute proceedings to determine 
whether to disapprove the proposed rule change.\5\ On June 15, 2011, 
NYSE Amex filed Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule change.\6\ This 
order approves the proposed rule change, as modified by Amendment No. 
1.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
    \3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64144 (March 29, 
2011), 76 FR 18591 (``Notice'').
    \4\ See Letter from Andrew Rothlein, to Hon. Mary L. Schapiro, 
Chairman, and Hon. Kathleen L. Casey, Hon. Elisse B. Walter, Hon. 
Luis A. Aguilar, and Hon. Troy A. Paredes, Commissioners, 
Commission, dated April 14, 2011 (``Rothlein Letter''); Letter from 
Benjamin Kerensa, dated April 25, 2011 (``Kerensa Letter''); and 
Letter from Joan C. Conley, Senior Vice President and Corporate 
Secretary, Nasdaq OMX Group, Inc. (``NASDAQ''), to Elizabeth M. 
Murphy, Secretary, Commission, dated April 29, 2011 (``NASDAQ 
Letter'').
    \5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64511 (May 18, 
2011), 76 FR 29809 (May 23, 2011).
    \6\ See Amendment No. 1 dated June 15, 2011 (``Amendment No. 
1''). Amendment No. 1 deletes an erroneous reference in Section 
16.1(f) of the LLC Agreement; clarifies those Founding Firms that 
are NYSE Amex members or their affiliates; clarifies the 
availability of information noted ``To Come'' on certain Schedules 
to the LLC Agreement; and confirms the applicability of Section 4.9 
of the LLC Agreement to a NYSE Amex member that is an affiliate of 
NYSE Amex. Amendment No. 1 is a technical amendment and is not 
subject to notice and comment.
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II. Overview

    NYSE Amex proposes to establish NYSE Amex Options LLC 
(``Company''), a Delaware limited liability company formed by NYSE 
Euronext, NYSE Amex, and the Founding Firms, and jointly owned by NYSE 
Amex and the Founding Firms, to operate the Options Facility. Pursuant 
to the proposal, the Options Facility will be operated as a facility 
\7\ of NYSE Amex, which will act as the self-regulatory organization 
(``SRO'') for the Options Facility and as such have regulatory 
responsibility for the activities of the Options Facility.\8\
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    \7\ Pursuant to Section 3(a)(2) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(2), 
the term ``facility'' when used with respect to a national 
securities exchange, includes ``its premises, tangible or intangible 
property whether on the premises or not, any right to the use of 
such premises or property or any service thereof for the purpose of 
effecting or reporting a transaction on an exchange (including, 
among other things, any system of communication to or from the 
exchange, by ticker or otherwise, maintained by or with the consent 
of the exchange), and any right of the exchange to the use of any 
property or service.''
    \8\ NYSE Amex represented that it has adequate funds to 
discharge all regulatory functions related to the Options Facility. 
See Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR 18592.
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    With this proposed rule change, NYSE Amex seeks the Commission's 
approval of the proposed governance structure of the Company as 
reflected in the proposed Limited Liability Company Agreement (``LLC 
Agreement'') for the Company and a proposed Members Agreement of the 
Company setting forth certain additional provisions (``Members 
Agreement'') relating to the proposed governance structure of the 
Company.\9\ NYSE Amex is not proposing any changes to its listing and 
trading rules in connection with establishment of the Company and 
operation of the Options Facility.
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    \9\ Certain portions of the Members Agreement are not considered 
part of the proposed rule change. See infra note 13.
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    As a limited liability company, ownership of the Company is 
represented by limited liability company interests in the Company 
(``Interests'').\10\ The holders of Interests are referred to as the 
members of the Company (``Members'').\11\ The Interests represent 
equity interests in the Company and entitle the holders thereof to 
participate in the Company's allocations and distributions. Initially, 
NYSE Amex will own 100% of the preferred non-voting Interests 
(``Preferred Interests'') and 47.2% of the Common Interests,\12\ as 
Class A Common Interests. The Founding Firms will own the remaining 
52.8% of the Common Interests, as Class B Common Interests, and no 
single Founding Firm (including its affiliates) will own Class B Common 
Interests comprising more than 19.9% of the issued and outstanding 
Common Interests. The 52.8% ownership of Class B Common Interests will 
initially be allocated as follows: 14.95% to each of Citadel and 
Goldman Sachs; 5.0% to each of BAML, Citigroup and TD Ameritrade; 4.9% 
to UBS; and 3.0% to Barclays.\13\
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    \10\ ``Interest'' means the limited liability company interest 
in the Company owned by each Member including any and all benefits 
to which such Member may be entitled as provided in the LLC 
Agreement or required by the Act, together with all obligations of 
such Member to comply with the terms and provisions of the LLC 
Agreement. See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement. See infra note 11 
for the definition of Member.
    \11\ ``Member'' means each Person who is a signatory to this 
Agreement (other than NYSE Euronext) or who has been admitted to the 
Company as a Member in accordance with this Agreement and has not 
ceased to be a Member in accordance with this Agreement or for any 
other reason. See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement. See infra note 
78 for definition of Person.
    \12\ Common Interests consist of Class A Common Interests and 
Class B Common Interests. See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement. 
``Class A Common Interests'' means the Interests in the form of 
shares owned by NYSE Amex, as specified in Schedule A of the LLC 
Agreement, having the rights and obligations specified in the LLC 
Agreement. See id. ``Class B Common Interests'' means the Interests 
in the form of shares owned by each Founding Firm, as specified in 
Schedule A of the LLC Agreement, having the rights and obligations 
specified in the LLC Agreement. See id. Schedule A of the LLC 
Agreement sets forth the Interest allocations of each Member.
    \13\ Following the effective date of the proposed rule change, 
additional Class B Common Interests will be issued to the Founding 
Firms based, in part, on each Founding Firm's contribution to the 
annual volume of the Options Facility from October 1, 2009 to 
December 31, 2010 (i.e., the ``Volume-Based Equity Plan''). See 
Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR at 18594. NYSE Amex represented that 
this issuance of shares to the Founding Firms will not result in any 
Member (alone or together with its affiliates) other than NYSE Amex 
exceeding the 19.9% Maximum Percentage (as defined below).

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[[Page 38437]]

    Pursuant to Section 2.1 of the Members Agreement, for an initial 
period of five (5) years and three (3) months, each Founding Firm will 
have to satisfy certain minimum volume requirements. Under the Volume-
Based Equity Plan (``Incentive Plan''),\14\ for each measurement 
period, the Company will issue Annual Incentive Shares.\15\ Each 
Founding Firm will be entitled to receive, for no additional 
consideration, a portion of the Annual Incentive Shares such that it 
dilutes, maintains or increases its equity interest in the Company 
(relative to the other Founding Firms) based on the degree to which the 
Founding Firm has failed to achieve, achieved or exceeded its 
``Individual Target'' during the measurement period. A Founding Firm's 
Individual Target will be its pro rata portion of an aggregate Founding 
Firm target contribution to the annual volume of the Options 
Facility.\16\ This pro rata calculation will be performed once, based 
on the Founding Firm's holdings of Class B Common Interests relative to 
the other Founding Firms at the time the Company is formed and will not 
change as a Founding Firm's equity holdings fluctuate as a result of 
the Incentive Plan. The Incentive Plan will not affect the equity 
holdings of NYSE Amex and it will not increase or decrease the 
aggregate equity interest of the Founding Firms relative to NYSE Amex. 
The Annual Incentive Shares not allocated to one or more Founding Firms 
by virtue of each such Founding Firm failing to achieve its respective 
Individual Target will be either partially or fully reallocated among 
those Founding Firms that exceed their respective Individual Targets.
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    \14\ As stated in the purpose section of the proposed rule 
change, it is NYSE Amex's view that the Incentive Plan does not 
constitute a proposed rule change within the meaning of Section 
19(b)(1) of the Act and Rule 19b-4 thereunder. See Notice, supra 
note 3, 76 FR at 18594, n.19.
    \15\ Pursuant to Section 2.1(a) of the Members Agreement, 
``Annual Incentive Shares'' generally are additional Class B Common 
Interests equal to a percentage of the amount of Class B Common 
Interests issued and outstanding immediately prior to such issuance 
and owned by the Founding Firms.
    \16\ See Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR at 18610. See also Members 
Agreement, Section 1.1 (defining ``Individual Target''). In 
determining whether a Founding Firm has achieved its individual 
target for a measurement period, a Founding Firm will receive one 
credit for each side of a transaction executed through the Options 
Facility, either for its proprietary account or for the account of 
its customers. See Section 2.3(a) of the Members Agreement.
    Members of the LLC are entitled to distributions of the LLC's 
available cash, reflective of their common interest percentages. See 
Section 6.1 of the Members Agreement. See also Section 1.1 of the 
LLC Agreement (defining ``available cash'' generally as cash held by 
the Company that both (i) is not required for the operations of the 
Company based on the annual budget of the Company for the year; and 
(ii) the Board of Directors of the Company (``Board'') determines in 
good faith is not required for the payment of liabilities of the 
Company or the setting aside of reserves to meet the anticipated 
cash needs of the Company.
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III. Regulatory Structure

    As an SRO, NYSE Amex has regulatory responsibility for all of its 
facilities, including the Options Facility. Day-to-day operations of 
the Company and the management of its business and affairs will be 
delegated to the Company's officers and to NYSE Group, Inc. (``NYSE 
Group''), a subsidiary of NYSE Euronext, in accordance with a services 
agreement (``NYSE Euronext Agreement'') between NYSE Group and the 
Company.\17\ Under the NYSE Euronext Agreement, NYSE Group will agree 
to provide the Options Facility with a range of operational and support 
services.\18\ The Board \19\ will be responsible for the oversight of 
the Company's officers and NYSE Group's performance under the NYSE 
Euronext Agreement.\20\ The Board initially will consist of six 
directors \21\ designated by the Founding Firms (one by each Founding 
Firm), and seven directors designated by NYSE Amex.\22\
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    \17\ See Section 8.1(b) of the LLC Agreement.
    \18\ See Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR at 18593.
    \19\ See Section 8.1(a) of the LLC Agreement.
    \20\ See Section 8.1(b) of the LLC Agreement.
    \21\ See Section 8.1(a) of the LLC Agreement.
    \22\ See Section 8.1(d) of the LLC Agreement.
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    NYSE Regulation, Inc. (``NYSE Regulation''), an indirect wholly-
owned subsidiary of NYSE Euronext, and NYSE Amex entered into a 
regulatory services agreement (``RSA'') dated October 1, 2008 pursuant 
to which NYSE Regulation performs all of NYSE Amex's regulatory 
functions on NYSE Amex's behalf. However, certain of these member and 
market regulatory functions, which include surveillance, examination, 
investigation and related disciplinary functions, are performed by the 
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (``FINRA'') pursuant to a 
RSA dated June 14, 2010 among FINRA, NYSE Group, New York Stock 
Exchange LLC, NYSE Regulation, NYSE Arca, Inc. and NYSE Amex. FINRA and 
NYSE Amex have also entered into an allocation agreement pursuant to 
Section 17(d)(1) of the Act,\23\ and Rule 17d-2 \24\ thereunder, 
whereby FINRA assumed regulatory responsibility for specified rules 
that are common to FINRA and NYSE Amex and for common members. Because 
the Options Facility will be a facility of NYSE Amex, FINRA will 
perform the applicable regulatory functions and responsibilities with 
respect to activity on or through the Options Facility, including both 
general regulatory functions, as noted above, and targeted regulatory 
reviews as applicable.
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    \23\ 15 U.S.C. 78q(d)(1).
    \24\ 17 CFR 240.17d-2.
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    Pursuant to the RSA between NYSE Regulation and NYSE Amex, NYSE 
Regulation exercises oversight, on behalf of NYSE Amex, of FINRA's 
performance of the regulatory functions performed by FINRA as described 
above. NYSE Regulation also has responsibilities with respect to the 
Options Facility for rule interpretation, regulatory policy and 
participation in rule development. NYSE Regulation periodically reports 
on regulatory matters to the board of directors of NYSE Amex, which has 
appointed a Chief Regulatory Officer (``CRO'') who is also the Chief 
Executive Officer of NYSE Regulation. NYSE Amex does not have a 
regulatory oversight committee of its board of directors, but the CRO 
is also an officer of NYSE Amex, and in that capacity is charged with 
reporting on regulatory matters to the NYSE Amex board of directors. 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, NYSE Amex will still retain ultimate 
legal responsibility for the performance of all of its regulatory 
obligations as an SRO, including with respect to the Options Facility, 
as well as the ability to take action as required to meet that 
responsibility.
    The board of directors of NYSE Amex currently consists of five (5) 
directors, a majority of whom are required to be individuals domiciled 
in the U.S. who are classified as independent members of the NYSE 
Euronext board of directors. At least twenty percent (20%) of NYSE 
Amex's directors (currently one individual) must be ``non-affiliated'' 
directors who are not members of the NYSE Euronext board of directors 
and need not be independent under the independence requirements of NYSE 
Euronext. Any required non-affiliated directors of NYSE Amex are 
nominated and elected through a process designed to ensure fair 
representation of members of NYSE Amex on NYSE Amex's board of 
directors. NYSE Amex does not have any committees of its board of 
directors that perform functions relating to audit, governance and 
compensation. Instead, such functions are performed for NYSE Amex by 
related committees of the NYSE Euronext board of directors that are 
comprised solely of NYSE Euronext directors who meet the independence 
requirements of NYSE Euronext.
    Decisions on the listing of options to be traded on the Options 
Facility will be

[[Page 38438]]

made by the business side of NYSE Amex in accordance with NYSE Amex's 
rules. The business side also will continue to be responsible for new 
product development, participation in rule development, strategic 
analysis, administering NYSE Amex programs, business development and 
client outreach.

IV. Summary of Comment Letters

    As noted above, the Commission received three comment letters on 
the proposed rule change. One commenter opposed the proposed rule 
change, asserting that he continues to own unredeemed New York Stock 
Exchange Option Trading Rights (``OTRs'') that were separated from full 
New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (``NYSE, Inc.'') seats (``Separated 
OTRs'').\25\ All NYSE, Inc. seat ownership (with or without OTRs) was 
extinguished in the 2006 demutualization of NYSE, Inc.\26\ The 
commenter believes that the owners of Separated OTRs retained their 
Separated OTRs, even after NYSE, Inc. exited the options business in 
1997, with the expectation that their ownership of the Separated OTRs 
would afford them full rights to trade options under the auspices of 
NYSE, Inc. or its successor entity. The commenter further argues that 
such ownership gives him rights to effect options trades on all NYSE 
related or affiliated markets, including the various successor markets 
to NYSE, Inc. The Commission notes that the issue of the rights of 
owners of Separated OTRs is not before the Commission in the context of 
this proposed rule change and thus its consideration of the NYSE Amex 
proposal does not address the rights of owners of Separated OTRs.
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    \25\ See Rothlein Letter, supra note 4. NYSE, Inc. is the 
predecessor to New York Stock Exchange LLC (``NYSE''). See 
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 53382 (February 27, 2006), 71 FR 
11251 (March 6, 2006) (SR-NYSE-2005-77) (order approving merger of 
NYSE, Inc. and Archipelago, and demutualization of NYSE, Inc.) 
(``NYSE-Arca Merger Order'').
    \26\ See NYSE-Arca Merger Order.
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    Another commenter opposed the proposed rule change because Goldman 
Sachs will be a Founding Firm.\27\ The commenter stated that Goldman 
Sachs should not be able to benefit from the proposed rule change 
because the firm ``recently was found by a congressional committee to 
have been involved [in] deceptive and potentially illegal practices.'' 
The Commission does not find the comment to be dispositive in its 
determination regarding whether to approve the proposed rule change. 
Moreover, the Commission believes that, as discussed more fully below, 
the proposed rule change is designed to provide NYSE Amex, in its 
capacity as an SRO, and the Commission appropriate authority and 
jurisdiction to oversee any issues or concerns that may arise from 
ownership by NYSE Amex's members of the Company, which is organized to 
operate a facility of NYSE Amex.
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    \27\ See Kerensa Letter, supra note 4.
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    The third commenter expressly did not object to the proposal, but 
stated that the Incentive Plan is ``virtually indistinguishable in 
purpose and effect from other fee or rebate-based incentive plans 
operated by national securities exchanges,'' and that the Commission 
``must apply the same principles to all fee and rebate plans.'' \28\
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    \28\ See NASDAQ Letter, supra note 4.
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    NASDAQ also stated that the proposed rule change will allow NYSE 
Amex to make distinctions among market participants and to pre-select 
firms that will be rewarded for order flow. NASDAQ remarked that NYSE 
Amex's proposal ``seems reasonably designed to incentivize order flow 
and enhance the competitiveness of its market'' and that ``[m]arket 
participants benefit in reduced costs and improved liquidity when the 
Commission allows genuine competition among exchanges.'' NASDAQ further 
cited to data indicating that NYSE Amex's options volume generally has 
increased from around 6% in October 2009, which was about the time of 
the initial announcement of the transaction, to 15% in March 2011, when 
the proposal was filed with the Commission. NASDAQ drew the conclusion 
that such increase correlates to the Incentive Plan \29\ noting that 
the initial volume measurement period began in October 2009.
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    \29\ See also Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR at 18592, n. 6 
(explaining that additional Class B Common Interests will be issued 
to the Funding Firms based on their contribution to the annual 
volume of the options facility from October 1, 2009 to December 31, 
2010).
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    NASDAQ noted that the Commission has been ``reluctant to endorse 
differential pricing for exchanges'' in the past. NASDAQ indicated that 
Section 6(b)(4) of the Act focuses on ``equitable'' allocation of fees, 
not identical fees, and that Section 6(b)(5) of the Act prohibits the 
``unfair discrimination,'' not any differentiation, between customers. 
NASDAQ stated that, in the past, the Commission required that fees and 
rebates be open to all members and that transparent thresholds provide 
equal fees and rebates to all members that meet the threshold and 
contended that the Incentive Plan is a departure from this 
interpretation.
    Finally, NASDAQ stated that exchanges should have the flexibility 
to offer fee incentives and rebates, and that such flexibility should 
not be limited to the use of equity and equity-like instruments, and 
that limiting such flexibility to equity incentive plans penalizes 
exchanges that choose to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest 
when an SRO is owned by its members. NASDAQ noted, however, that the 
Incentive Plan includes several provisions that attempt to deal with 
the appearance of such a conflict of interest. The Commission discusses 
the Incentive Plan in light of NASDAQ's comments in Section V.E. below.

V. Discussion and Commission Findings

    After careful consideration, the Commission finds that the proposed 
rule change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and the 
rules and regulations thereunder applicable to a national securities 
exchange.\30\ In particular, the Commission finds that the proposed 
rule change is consistent with Section 6(b)(1) of the Act,\31\ which, 
among other things, requires a national securities exchange to be so 
organized and have the capacity to be able to carry out the purposes of 
the Act and to enforce compliance by its members and persons associated 
with its members with the provisions of the Act, the rules and 
regulations thereunder, and the rules of the exchange.
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    \30\ In approving the proposed rule change, the Commission has 
considered its impact on efficiency, competition, and capital 
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
    \31\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(1).
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    The Commission also finds that the proposed rule change is 
consistent with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,\32\ which requires, among 
other things, that the rules of a national securities exchange be 
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices; to 
promote just and equitable principles of trade; to foster cooperation 
and coordination with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, 
settling, and processing information with respect to, and facilitating 
transactions in securities; to remove impediments to and perfect the 
mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system; and, 
in general, to protect investors and the public interest.
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    \32\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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A. The Options Facility as a Facility of NYSE Amex

    The Commission believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with Section 6(b)(1) of the Act in that, upon

[[Page 38439]]

establishing the Options Facility as a facility of NYSE Amex, and 
entering into the relationship with the Company described above, NYSE 
Amex will remain so organized and have the capacity to carry out the 
purposes of the Act. As an SRO, NYSE Amex will have regulatory control 
over the Options Facility and will be responsible for ensuring its 
compliance with the federal securities laws and all applicable rules 
and regulations thereunder. Furthermore, the Company is obligated under 
the LLC Agreement to operate the Options Facility in a manner 
consistent with the regulatory and oversight responsibilities of NYSE 
Amex and the Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder. The 
Commission notes that it previously approved similar structures with 
respect to the operation of exchange facilities.\33\
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    \33\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 55389 (March 2, 
2007), 72 FR 10575 (March 8, 2007) (order approving CBOE Stock 
Exchange as a facility of the Chicago Board Options Facility) 
(``CBSX Order''); 54399 (September 1, 2006), 71 FR 53728 (September 
12, 2006) (order approving the ISE Stock Exchange as a facility of 
the International Securities Exchange) (``ISE Stock Order''); 54364 
(August 25, 2006), 71 FR 52185 (order approving the Boston Equities 
Exchange as a facility of the Boston Stock Exchange) (``BeX 
Order''); 49065 (January 13, 2004), 69 FR 2768 (January 20, 2004) 
(order approving the Boston Options Facility as a facility of the 
Boston Stock Exchange) (``BOX Order''); and 59281 (January 22, 
2009), 74 FR 5014 (January 28, 2009) (order approving the New York 
Block Exchange as a facility of the New York Stock Exchange) (``NYSE 
Block Order'').
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    Although the Company does not carry out any regulatory functions, 
all of its activities must be consistent with the Act. As a facility of 
a national securities exchange, the Options Facility is not solely a 
commercial enterprise but is an integral part of an SRO that is 
registered pursuant to the Act and therefore subject to obligations 
imposed by the Act. The Commission believes that the LLC Agreement and 
Members Agreement are reasonably designed to enable the Company to 
operate in a manner that is consistent with this principle. The LLC 
Agreement provides that the Company, NYSE Euronext, NYSE Group, each 
Member, and the officers, directors, agents, and employees of the 
Company, NYSE Euronext, NYSE Group, and each Member agree to comply 
with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations 
promulgated thereunder and cooperate with NYSE Amex and the Commission, 
and to engage in conduct that fosters and does not interfere with the 
Company's and NYSE Amex's ability to carry out their respective 
responsibilities under the Act.\34\
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    \34\ See Section 16.1(e) of the LLC Agreement. See also Section 
7.6 of the LLC Agreement.
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    The LLC Agreement likewise provides that the Board collectively, 
and each member of the Board individually, must comply with the federal 
securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder and cooperate 
with NYSE Amex and with the Commission.\35\ Moreover, each Director 
must take into consideration whether his or her actions, and each 
Member must take into consideration whether its actions, would cause 
the Options Facility or the Company to engage in conduct that fosters, 
and does not interfere with, NYSE Amex's or the Company's ability to 
carry out their respective responsibilities under the Act.\36\
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    \35\ See Sections 8.1(m)(i) of the LLC Agreement.
    \36\ See, respectively, Sections 8.1(m)(ii) and 7.6 of the LLC 
Agreement.
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    The LLC Agreement stipulates that all confidential information 
pertaining to the self-regulatory function of NYSE Amex or the Company 
(including but not limited to disciplinary matters, trading data, 
trading practices, and audit information) contained in the books and 
records of the Company will not be made available to any persons other 
than to those officers, directors, employees, and agents of the Company 
that have a reasonable need to know the contents thereof; will be 
retained in confidence by the Company and their respective officers, 
directors, employees, and agents; and will not be used for any non-
regulatory purposes.\37\ Nothing in the LLC Agreement, however, will 
limit or impede the rights of the Commission or NYSE Amex to access and 
examine confidential information of the Company pursuant to the federal 
securities laws and rules and regulations thereunder or limit or impede 
the ability of a member of the Board, any Member, or any officer, 
director, agent, or employee of a Member or the Company to disclose 
confidential information to the Commission or NYSE Amex.\38\
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    \37\ See Section 14.1(j) of the LLC Agreement.
    \38\ See Section 14.1(k) of the LLC Agreement.
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    The LLC Agreement also provides that NYSE Amex will receive notice 
of planned or proposed changes to the Company (excluding Non-Market 
Matters \39\) or the Options Facility, and NYSE Amex must not object 
affirmatively to such changes prior to implementation.\40\ In the event 
that NYSE Amex, in its sole discretion, determines that such planned or 
proposed changes to the Company or the Options Facility could cause a 
Regulatory Deficiency \41\ if implemented, NYSE Amex may direct the 
Company to, and the Company shall, modify the planned or proposed 
changes as necessary to ensure that it does not cause a Regulatory 
Deficiency.\42\ Likewise, in the event that NYSE Amex, in its sole 
discretion, determines that a Regulatory Deficiency exists or is 
planned, NYSE Amex may direct the Company to, and the Company shall, 
undertake such modifications to the Company (but not to include Non-
Market Matters) or the Options Facility as are necessary or appropriate 
to eliminate or prevent the Regulatory Deficiency and allow NYSE Amex 
to perform and fulfill its regulatory responsibilities under the 
Act.\43\
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    \39\ ``Non-Market Matters'' means matters relating solely to one 
or more of the following: Marketing, administrative matters, 
personnel matters, social or team-building events, meetings of 
Members, communication with Members, finance, location and timing of 
Board meetings, market research, real property, equipment, 
furnishings, personal property, intellectual property, insurance, 
contracts unrelated to the operation of the Options Facility and de 
minimis items. See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \40\ See Section 8.1(m)(iii) of the LLC Agreement.
    \41\ See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement (defining ``Regulatory 
Deficiency'').
    \42\ See Section 8.1(m)(iii) of the LLC Agreement.
    \43\ See id.
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    Moreover, Section 16.1 of the LLC Agreement provides requirements 
regarding regulatory approvals and compliance.\44\ So long as the 
Options Facility is a facility of NYSE Amex, in the event that NYSE 
Amex, in its sole discretion, determines that any action, transaction 
or aspect of an action or transaction, is necessary or appropriate for, 
or interferes with, the performance or fulfillment of NYSE Amex's 
regulatory functions, its responsibilities under the Act or as 
specifically required by the Commission, NYSE Amex shall have the sole 
and exclusive authority to direct that any such required, necessary or 
appropriate action, as it may determine in its sole discretion, be 
taken or transaction be undertaken by or on behalf of the Company 
without regard to the vote, act or failure to vote or act by any other 
party in any capacity.\45\
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    \44\ See Section 16.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \45\ See Section 16.1(a) of the LLC Agreement.
     Furthermore, in its proposal, NYSE Amex represents that nothing 
contained in the LLC Agreement or the Members Agreement limits the 
ability of NYSE Amex, in its capacity as an SRO, (i) to take any 
action or to direct the taking of any action that it determines is 
necessary or appropriate for the performance or fulfillment of its 
obligations as an SRO or (ii) to direct that an action that it 
determines interferes with the performance or fulfillment of its 
obligations as an SRO not be taken. See Notice, supra note 3, 76 FR 
at 18610.
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    Furthermore, before any amendment to or repeal of any provision of 
the LLC Agreement or Members Agreement becomes effective, such 
amendment or repeal must be submitted to the board of directors of NYSE 
Amex, and if such

[[Page 38440]]

amendment or repeal is required, under Section 19 of the Act and the 
rules promulgated thereunder to be filed with, or filed with and 
approved by, the Commission before such amendment or repeal may be 
effective, then such amendment or repeal shall not be effective until 
filed with, or filed with and approved by, the Commission, as the case 
may be.\46\
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    \46\ See Section 16.10 of the LLC Agreement and Section 5.10 of 
the Members Agreement.
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    The Commission believes that certain additional provisions in the 
LLC Agreement that make accommodation for NYSE Amex as the SRO for the 
Options Facility are consistent with the Act, because they enhance the 
ability of NYSE Amex to carry out its self-regulatory responsibilities 
with respect to the Options Facility. The LLC Agreement provides that, 
with written consent of NYSE Amex, the Board, by a Supermajority 
Vote,\47\ may suspend or terminate a Member's voting privileges, 
including the ability to designate Board directors, if the Member 
materially violates any Regulatory Matters Provision \48\ or any 
applicable law; such Member is subject to statutory disqualification; 
\49\ or such action is necessary or appropriate in the public interest 
or for the protection of investors.\50\ The Director designated by the 
Member subject to sanction will be excluded from any vote to suspend or 
terminate such Member's voting privileges.\51\
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    \47\ ``Supermajority Vote'' means, with respect to matters 
submitted to the Board at a validly called and validly noticed 
meeting, (x) for so long as NYSE Amex's Common Interest Percentage 
equals or exceeds fifteen percent (15%), (A) the affirmative vote of 
more than fifty percent (50%) of the Directors designated by NYSE 
Amex pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(i) entitled to vote thereon and 
present in person or by proxy and (B) the affirmative vote of more 
than fifty percent (50%) of those Directors designated by Founding 
Firms pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(ii) entitled to vote thereon and 
present in person or by proxy, and (y) for so long as NYSE Amex's 
Common Interest Percentage is less than fifteen percent (15%), the 
affirmative vote of more than fifty percent (50%) of all Directors 
entitled to vote thereon and present in person or by proxy (which 
excess of fifty percent (50%) must include more than two-thirds (\2/
3\) of those Directors designated by Founding Firms and NYSE Amex in 
the aggregate entitled to vote thereon and present in person or by 
proxy). See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \48\ See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement (defining ``Regulatory 
Matters Provision'').
    \49\ See Section 3(a)(39) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(39) 
(defining ``statutory disqualification'').
    \50\ See Section 7.6 of the LLC Agreement.
    \51\ See id.
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    To reflect that the Options Facility is not solely a commercial 
enterprise, the LLC Agreement also stipulates that any individual 
designated to the Board must certify that he or she is not subject to a 
statutory disqualification within the meaning of Section 3(a)(39) of 
the Act.\52\ Further, any director who becomes subject to any 
applicable statutory disqualification shall be deemed to have 
automatically resigned from the Board.\53\
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    \52\ See Section 8.1(h) of the LLC Agreement.
    \53\ See Section 8.1(e)(iii) of the LLC Agreement. Pursuant to 
Section 8.1(e)(ii), the Board, by a Supermajority Vote (excluding 
the vote of the Directors designated by the Member subject to 
sanction), may suspend or terminate a Director's service in the 
event such director has materially violated any Regulatory Matters 
Provision or any applicable law, or such action is necessary or 
appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of 
investors.
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B. Regulatory Jurisdiction Over the Company and Its Members

    The Commission also believes that the terms of the LLC Agreement 
provide clarification of the Commission's and NYSE Amex's regulatory 
jurisdiction over the Company and its Members. The LLC Agreement 
provides that (i) the books, records, premises, officers, directors, 
agents and employees of the Company and (ii) to the extent related to 
the Company's business, the books, records, premises, officers, 
directors, agents and employees of each Member, shall be deemed the 
books, records, premises, officers, directors, agents, and employees of 
NYSE Amex for purposes of, and subject to oversight pursuant to, the 
Act.\54\ The LLC Agreement also provides that the books and records of 
the Company will be subject at all times to inspection and copying by 
the Commission and NYSE Amex at no additional charge to the Commission 
or NYSE Amex.\55\
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    \54\ See Section 13.2(c) of the LLC Agreement.
    \55\ See id.
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    The LLC Agreement further provides that the Company, NYSE Euronext, 
NYSE Group, each Member and the officers, directors, agents and 
employees of the Company, NYSE Euronext, NYSE Group and each Member 
irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of the U.S. federal courts, the 
Commission, and NYSE Amex (in its capacity as SRO) for purposes of any 
suit, action, or proceeding pursuant to U.S. federal securities laws 
and the rules and regulations thereunder, arising out of, or relating 
to, activities of the Company and waive, and agree not to assert by way 
of motion, as a defense or otherwise in any such suit, action, or 
proceeding, any claims that they are not personally subject to the 
jurisdiction of the Commission; that the suit, action, or proceeding is 
an inconvenient forum; that the venue of the suit, action, or 
proceeding is improper; or that the subject matter may not be enforced 
in or by such courts or agency.\56\ Moreover, the Company, NYSE 
Euronext, NYSE Group and each Member must take such action as is 
necessary to ensure that the officers, directors, agents, and employees 
of the Company, NYSE Euronext, NYSE Group and each Member who are 
involved in the activities of the Company or the Options Facility 
consent in writing to the application to them of specified provisions 
in the LLC Agreement with respect to their activities relating to the 
Company or the Options Facility.\57\
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    \56\ See Section 16.1(d) of the LLC Agreement.
    \57\ See Section 16.1(f) of the LLC Agreement. Specifically, the 
persons noted above will have to consent to the applicability of 
Section 13.2(c), Section 16.1(d), Section 16.1(e), Section 8.1(m), 
Section 14.1(i) and Section 14.1(j) of the LLC Agreement, as 
applicable, with respect to their activities relating to the Company 
or the Options Facility. See Amendment No. 1, which deleted from 
Section 16.1(f) a reference to the final sentence of Section 
8.1(d)(iv).
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    The Commission believes that these provisions are consistent with 
the Act because they are reasonably designed to facilitate the 
Commission's and NYSE Amex's regulatory jurisdiction over the Company 
and the Options Facility. These provisions clarify the Commission's 
authority under the Act to inspect the Company's books and records by 
deeming them to be the books and records of a national securities 
exchange. Further, these provisions clarify that the Commission may 
exercise its authority under Section 19(h)(4) of the Act \58\ with 
respect to the officers and directors of the Company and its Members, 
because such officers and directors are deemed to be officers and 
directors of NYSE Amex. Finally, the LLC Agreement clarifies that the 
books and records of the Company and, to the extent that they are 
related to the Company's business, the books and records of each 
Member, are subject to the Commission's examination authority under 
Section 17(b)(1) of the Act.\59\
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    \58\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(h)(4) (authorizing the Commission, by order, 
to remove from office or censure any officer or director of a 
national securities exchange if it finds, after notice and an 
opportunity for hearing, that such officer or director has: (1) 
Willfully violated any provision of the Act or the rules and 
regulations thereunder, or the rules of a national securities 
exchange; (2) willfully abused his or her authority; or (3) without 
reasonable justification or excuse, has failed to enforce compliance 
with any such provision by a member or person associated with a 
member of the national securities exchange).
    \59\ 15 U.S.C. 78q(b)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Even in the absence of these provisions, Section 20(a) of the Act 
\60\ provides that any person with a controlling interest in the 
Company will be jointly and severally liable with and to the same 
extent that the Company is

[[Page 38441]]

liable under any provision of the Act, unless the controlling person 
acted in good faith and did not directly or indirectly induce the act 
or acts constituting the violation or cause of action. Moreover, NYSE 
Amex is required to enforce compliance with these provisions, because 
they are ``rules of the exchange'' within the meaning of Section 
3(a)(27) of the Act.\61\ A failure on the part of NYSE Amex to enforce 
its rules could result in suspension or revocation of its registration, 
pursuant to Section 19(h)(1) of the Act.\62\
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    \60\ 15 U.S.C. 78t(a).
    \61\ 15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(27).
    \62\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(h)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

C. Changes in Control of the Company

    The Commission believes that the provisions in the LLC Agreement 
and Members Agreement relating to direct and indirect changes in 
control of the Company, which will operate the Options Facility are 
consistent with the Act. The LLC Agreement provides that the aggregate 
Common Interest Percentage \63\ held by NYSE Amex and its affiliates 
will not decline below 15% unless and until NYSE Amex had delivered to 
the Board a notice in writing of its intention to Transfer \64\ any 
Common Interests that will result in such a decline.\65\ Furthermore, 
before NYSE Amex could reduce its Common Interest Percentage to less 
than 15%, it must first file a proposed rule change with the Commission 
under Section 19(b) of the Act and obtain the Commission's approval of 
that proposal.\66\ NYSE Amex's regulatory obligations for the Options 
Facility will endure as long as the Options Facility is a facility of 
NYSE Amex, regardless of the size of NYSE Amex's ownership interest in 
the Company.\67\
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    \63\ ``Common Interest Percentage'' means (i) with respect to 
NYSE Amex or a Transferee of Class A Common Interests, the product 
of (w) the Aggregate Class A Economic Allocation multiplied by (x) a 
fraction, (A) the numerator of which shall be the number of Class A 
Common Interests then held by NYSE Amex or such Transferee and (B) 
the denominator of which shall be the number of Class A Common 
Interests then held NYSE Amex and all such Transferees, and (ii) 
with respect to any Founding Firm or a Transferee of Class B Common 
Interests, the product of (y) the Aggregate Class B Economic 
Allocation multiplied by (z) a fraction, (A) the numerator of which 
shall be the number of Class B Common Interests then held by such 
Founding Firm or such Transferee, including, for the purpose of 
determining any economic entitlement or entitlement to designate a 
Director, any Non-voting Common Interests and (B) the denominator of 
which shall be the number of Class B Common Interests then held by 
all Founding Firms and all such Transferees, including, for the 
purpose of determining any economic entitlement or entitlement to 
designate a Director, any Non-voting Common Interests. See Section 
1.1 of the LLC Agreement. See also Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement 
(defining Transferee). See also Section 10.2(b) of the LLC Agreement 
(defining Aggregate Class A and Aggregate Class B Economic 
Allocation).
    \64\ See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement (defining 
``Transfer'').
    \65\ See Section 11.8(c) of the LLC Agreement.
    \66\ See id.
    \67\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 58324 (August 7, 
2008), 73 FR 46936 (August 12, 2008) (order approving the transfer 
of the Boston Stock Exchange's ownership interest in the Boston 
Options Facility Group, the operator of the BOX facility, to MX US 
2, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Montr[eacute]al Exchange); 
44983 (October 25, 2001), 66 FR 55225 (November 1, 2001) (order 
approving the establishment of Archipelago Exchange as a facility of 
the Pacific Exchange where Pacific Exchange's ownership interest in 
Archipelago Exchange, L.L.C. (``Arca L.L.C.''), the operator of 
Archipelago Exchange, consisted solely of a 10% interest in 
Archipelago Holdings, LLC, the parent company of Arca L.L.C.); 41210 
(March 24, 1999), 64 FR 15857 (April 1, 1999) (order approving 
electronic system operated as a facility of Philadelphia Stock 
Exchange (``Phlx''), which had no ownership interest in the 
operation of the system); and 54538 (September 29, 2006), 71 FR 
59184 (October 6, 2006) (order approving Phlx's New Equity Trading 
system and operation of optional outbound router as a facility of 
Phlx, which had no ownership interest in the third-party operator).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The LLC Agreement and Members Agreement also provide that no Member 
may resign or voluntarily withdraw as a Member or Transfer any Common 
Interests other than in accordance with the applicable provisions of 
the LLC Agreement and the Members Agreement.\68\ NYSE Amex will have an 
initial right of first offer to purchase Class B Common Interests that 
a Founding Firm intends to transfer, at a price at least equal to their 
fair market value.\69\ In the event NYSE Amex does not exercise its 
right of first offer, the transferring Founding Firm will have the 
right, subject to certain conditions, to sell its Class B Common 
Interests to NYSE Amex at a price equal to their fair market value or 
to sell its Common Interests to a third party.\70\ In addition, on or 
after the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the LLC Agreement, 
NYSE Amex will have the right to buy some or all of the Class B Common 
Interests from the Members at a price equal to their pro rata portion 
fair market value.\71\ In the event NYSE Amex intends to transfer any 
of its Class A Common Interests, the Founding Firms will have certain 
rights of first offer to purchase these Class A Common Interests.\72\ 
In the event that NYSE Amex acquires any Class B Common Interests, such 
Class B Common Interests will automatically be converted into Class A 
Common Interests.\73\ Similarly, in the event any Founding Firms 
acquire Class A Common Interests, such Class A Common Interests will be 
automatically converted into Class B Common Interests.\74\ Also, 
subject to certain conditions, Members will be obligated to transfer 
their Common Interests where another Member, acting alone or together 
with other Members, intends to make a transfer of 75% of the then-
outstanding Common Interests and the Board, by Supermajority Vote,\75\ 
approves the sale of the Company to a person or entity who is not an 
affiliate of the Company.
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    \68\ See Sections 11.1 and 11.2 of the LLC Agreement and Article 
III of the Members Agreement.
    \69\ See Section 3.2(b)(ii) of the Members Agreement.
    \70\ See Section 3.2(c) of the Members Agreement.
    \71\ See Section 3.4 of the Members Agreement.
    \72\ See Section 3.3(a) of the Members Agreement.
    \73\ See Section 11.2(c) of the LLC Agreement. See also Section 
3.3(e) of the Members Agreement.
    \74\ See id.
    \75\ See Section 11.3(a) of the LLC Agreement.
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    A person or entity may become a Member by acquiring any 
Interest.\76\ Any new Member of the Company will be required to become 
a party to the LLC Agreement.\77\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \76\ See Sections 10.4 and 11.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \77\ See id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The LLC Agreement also provides that no Person \78\ that is not a 
Member either alone or together with its Affiliates,\79\ may directly 
own (or vote) Common Interests in the Company representing more than 
the 19.9% of the then issued and outstanding Common Interests (``19.9% 
Maximum Percentage) \80\ or any successive 5% ownership threshold 
(``Concentration Limitation'').\81\ The Concentration Limitation, 
however, will not apply to NYSE Amex alone or together with its 
Affiliates.\82\ Further, the LLC Agreement permits the Concentration 
Limitation to be waived if

[[Page 38442]]

written notice of the intention to exceed the Concentration Limitation 
is delivered to the Board; prior to the acquisition of any Common 
Interests that will exceed the Concentration Limitation, the Board 
determines not to oppose the acquisition; and the notice has been filed 
as a proposed rule change with, and approved, by the Commission under 
Section 19(b) of the Act and shall have become effective 
thereunder.\83\ Nevertheless, the Board shall oppose the ownership of 
Common Interests if: such ownership will impair the ability of the 
Company and the Board to carry out their functions and 
responsibilities, including but not limited to, under the Act; such 
ownership will impair the ability of the SEC to enforce the Act; if the 
acquiring Person or its Affiliates are subject to any statutory 
disqualification within the meaning of Section 3(a)(39) of the Act; or 
if such ownership would result in the Person, alone or together with 
its Affiliates, having an ownership of more than 20% of the aggregate 
Common Interests and such Person or one of its Affiliates is a member 
or member organization of NYSE Amex.\84\
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    \78\ ``Person'' means an individual, partnership, limited 
liability company, trust, estate, association, joint stock company, 
unincorporated organization, governmental or regulatory body or 
other entity. See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \79\ ``Affiliate'' means, with respect to any Person, and other 
Person directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, 
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such 
Person. The term ``control,'' as used in this definition of 
``Affiliate'' means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the 
power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies 
of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, 
through the right or power to appoint majority of the board of 
directors, by contract or otherwise, and ``controlled by'' and 
``under common control'' have corresponding meanings. See Section 
1.1 of the LLC Agreement.
    \80\ See Section 4.9(b) of the LLC Agreement.
    \81\ See Section 11.8(b)(i) of the LLC Agreement. See also 
Section 4.9(a). See Amendment No. 1, which confirmed that Section 
4.9 of the LLC Agreement would prohibit a NYSE Amex member that is 
an affiliate of NYSE Amex to own or vote Common Interests in excess 
of 19.9% of the then issued and outstanding Common Interests, unless 
it has received Commission approval to do so pursuant to the rule 
filing process under Section 19(b) of the Act.
    \82\ See Section 11.8(b)(ii) of the LLC Agreement.
    \83\ See id.
    \84\ See Section 11.8(b)(iii) of the LLC Agreement.
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    Moreover, the LLC Agreement provides that, if any Person, alone or 
together with any Affiliate, acquires a direct or indirect ownership of 
25% or more of the total voting power of a Member (such person, a 
``Controlling Person,'' and such interest a ``Controlling Interest'' 
\85\), and the Member, alone or together with any Affiliate, holds an 
ownership interest in the Company equal to or greater than 20% of the 
aggregate Common Interests, then such Controlling Person must become a 
party to the LLC Agreement and agree to abide by all provisions 
relating to regulatory matters.\86\ The LLC Agreement also provides 
that NYSE Amex must file with the Commission, pursuant to Section 19(b) 
of the Act, any amendment to the LLC Agreement executed to comply with 
the provisions of the LLC Agreement relating to indirect ownership of 
the Company.\87\ The non-economic rights and privileges, including all 
voting rights, of the Member in which such Controlling Interest is 
acquired will be suspended until the proposed rule change has become 
effective under the Act or until the Controlling Person ceases to hold 
a Controlling Interest in such Member.\88\
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    \85\ See Section 1.1 of the LLC Agreement (defining 
``Controlling Person'' and ``Controlling Interest'').
    \86\ See Sections 11.8(d)(i) and (ii) of the LLC Agreement.
    \87\ See Section 11.8(d)(iv) of the LLC Agreement.
    \88\ See id.
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    A proposed rule change filed with the Commission in any of the 
circumstances noted above will afford the Commission an opportunity to 
ensure that a change to the LLC Agreement or a change in the ownership 
of the Company will be consistent with the Act, including whether the 
Commission and NYSE Amex will retain sufficient regulatory jurisdiction 
over the proposed indirect controlling party. The Commission 
understands that the LLC Agreement will apply to any ultimate parent of 
the Company, no matter how many levels of ownership are involved, 
provided that a Controlling Interest exists between each link of the 
ownership chain.
    Finally, the LLC Agreement requires the Company to provide the 
Commission with written notice ten days prior to the closing date of 
any acquisition of an Interest by a person that results in a Member's 
percentage ownership interest in the Company, alone or together with 
any Affiliate, meeting or crossing the 5%, 10%, or 15% thresholds.\89\ 
This notice requirement is analogous to a requirement in Form 1,\90\ 
the application and amendments to the application for registration as a 
national securities exchange. Exhibit K of Form 1 requires any exchange 
that is a corporation or partnership to list any persons that have an 
ownership interest of 5% or more in the exchange.\91\ Additionally, 
Rule 6a-2(a)(2) under the Act \92\ requires an exchange to update its 
Form 1 within ten days after any action that renders inaccurate the 
information previously filed in Exhibit K.
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    \89\ See Section 11.8(a) of the LLC Agreement.
    \90\ 17 CFR 249.1 and 17 CFR 249.1a.
    \91\ This reporting requirement applies only to exchanges that 
have one or more owners, shareholders, or partners that are not also 
members of the exchange. See Form 1, Exhibit K. Exhibit K applies 
only to NYSE Amex itself, not to entities that operate facilities of 
the exchange.
    \92\ 17 CFR 240.6a-2(a)(2).
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    Exhibit K imposes no obligation on an exchange to report parties 
whose ownership interest in the exchange is less than 5%. Similarly, 
Section 11.8(a) of the LLC Agreement requires the Company to notify the 
Commission of the acquisition of an Interest when that Interest reaches 
5% or more. The Commission does not believe that a change to the LLC 
Agreement that reflects the acquisition of less than a 5% interest in a 
facility of a national securities exchange (or an increase that does 
not cross any of the additional thresholds) is a ``rule of the 
exchange'' that must be filed pursuant to Section 19(b) of the Act.

D. Ownership and Voting Restrictions on Members of the Company

    Section 4.9(a) of the LLC Agreement prohibits any Member (other 
than NYSE Amex alone, or subject to receipt of Commission approval 
pursuant to the rule filing process under Section 19(b) of the Act, 
together with its Permitted Transferees) \93\ from owning or voting 
(alone or together with its Affiliates), directly or indirectly more 
than the 19.9% Maximum Percentage.\94\ In the event a Member (alone or 
together with its Affiliates) holds Excess Interests, such Excess 
Interests shall automatically and immediately constitute non-voting 
Common Interests and the Member shall institute remedial measures to 
either divest itself of such Excess Interests or retain such Excess 
Interests as non-voting interests, in each case as permitted by Section 
4.9(c) of the LLC Agreement.\95\
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    \93\ See Section 11.4(a) of the LLC Agreement (defining 
``Permitted Transferee'').
    \94\ See Section 4.9(a) of the LLC Agreement. Any amount in 
excess of the 19.9% Maximum Percentage are ``Excess Interests.''
    \95\ See Section 4.9(c) of the LLC Agreement. See also Section 
V.C. infra for a discussion of Section 11.8(b)(iii) of the LLC 
Agreement that prohibits the Board from approving ownership by a 
Member of more than 20% of the aggregate Common Interests and such 
Person or one of its Affiliates is a member or member organization 
of NYSE Amex.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Commission has previously expressed concern regarding the 
potential for unfair competition and conflicts of interest where a 
member of an exchange owns more than 20% of that exchange or a facility 
thereof.\96\ Although it is common for a member to have an ownership 
interest in an exchange or a facility of an exchange, such member's 
interest could become so large as to raise questions whether the 
exchange can fairly and objectively exercise its self-regulatory 
responsibilities with respect to that member. A member that has a 
controlling interest in the exchange or a facility might attempt to 
direct the exchange to refrain from diligently surveilling the member's 
conduct or from punishing any improper conduct. An exchange might also 
be reluctant to surveil and enforce its rules zealously against a 
member that the exchange relies on as its largest source of capital. 
The Company, which will operate the Options Facility, will be owned 
collectively by NYSE Amex and the seven Founding Firms, six of which 
currently are members, or affiliates of members, of NYSE Amex and a 
Member

[[Page 38443]]

of the Company.\97\ Initially, each of the Founding Firms will own less 
than 19.9% of the Company and pursuant to the LLC Agreement, and except 
as described above, will not be permitted to own or vote in excess of 
the 19.9% of the Maximum Percentage as long as they are a Member of the 
Company. Accordingly, the Commission believes that the ownership 
concentration and voting limitations in the LLC Agreement are designed 
to preserve the independence of NYSE Amex's self-regulatory functions 
and NYSE Amex's ability to fulfill its regulatory and oversight 
obligations.
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    \96\ See NYSE Block Order, 74 FR at 5017-5018, n.65 and 
accompanying text. See also CBSX Order; ISE Stock Order; BeX Order; 
and BOX Order.
    \97\ See Amendment No. 1, which states as follows: Founding 
Firms Goldman Sachs and Citadel hold NYSE Amex Options Trading 
Permits (``ATPs'' and each entity that holds an ATP, an ``ATP 
Holder''). In addition, Goldman, Sachs & Co. is also an affiliate of 
ATP Holder Goldman Sachs Execution & Clearing LP. Founding Firm BAML 
is an affiliate of ATP Holders Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith 
Inc. and Merrill Lynch Professional Clearing Corp. Founding Firm 
Barclays is an affiliate of ATP Holder Barclays Capital Inc. 
Founding Firm Citigroup is an affiliate of ATP Holders Citigroup 
Derivatives Markets, Inc. and Automated Trading Desk Financial 
Services LLC. Founding Firm UBS is an affiliate of ATP Holders UBS 
Financial Services Inc. and UBS Securities LLC. Founding Firm TD 
Ameritrade is neither an ATP Holder nor an affiliate of an ATP 
Holder.
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E. The Incentive Plan

    As noted above, NASDAQ did not object to the proposed rule change, 
but expressed the view that, by allowing NYSE Amex ``to make reasonable 
distinctions among market participants and to pre-select firms that 
will be rewarded for order flow,'' the Commission should provide 
comparable flexibility to fee or rebate-based plans of other exchanges 
that provide incentives to members to submit order flow. NASDAQ also 
expressed the view that the Incentive Plan is ``virtually 
indistinguishable in purpose and effect from other fee or rebate-based 
incentive plans operated by national securities exchanges,'' citing as 
an example NASDAQ's Investor Support Plan, and stating that the 
economic value to the Founding Firms is directly related to how much 
order flow they send to NYSE Amex.\98\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \98\ See NASDAQ Letter, supra note 4. See NASDAQ Rule 7014 for a 
description of NASDAQ's Investor Support Program.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Any determination as to whether a particular plan or program 
provided by an exchange or to which an exchange is a party that has a 
component related to order flow, such as the Incentive Plan, 
constitutes a proposed rule change that is required to be filed with 
the Commission under Section 19(b) of the Act must be analyzed on a 
case-by-case basis and is dependent on the facts and circumstances of 
the particular plan's or program's features and its context.\99\ Based 
on the facts and circumstances in this case, the Commission does not 
believe that the Incentive Plan constitutes a proposed rule change 
within the meaning of Section 19(b)(1) of the Act and Rule 19b-4 
thereunder, and believes that it is distinguishable from the NASDAQ 
Investor Support Program.\100\
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    \99\ The Commission notes that NASDAQ in its comment letter also 
pointed to the issue that ``[t]he ownership of self regulatory 
organizations by their members can raise at least the appearance of 
a conflict of interest.'' In the past, and as discussed in Section 
V. D. above, the Commission has expressed concern regarding the 
potential for unfair competition and conflicts of interest where a 
member of an exchange owns more than a 20% interest in that exchange 
of a facility thereof. See infra note 96 and accompanying text. The 
Commission believes, as discussed more fully above, that the 
proposed structure is designed to mitigate those concerns and 
preserve the independence of NYSE Amex's self-regulatory 
obligations. See infra Section V. D.
    \100\ As noted above, the determination regarding whether a plan 
or program that is provided by an SRO, or to which an SRO is a 
party, and that has a component related to order flow is or is not a 
proposed rule change is based on the particular facts and 
circumstances of the arrangement. Consequently, the Commission 
recommends that an SRO consult with Commission staff as to its 
determination as to whether such a plan or program (or any changes 
to such plan or program) is a proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Incentive Plan is one aspect of the equity investment and 
obligations of the Founding Firms as owners (Members) of the 
Company,\101\ and reflects the commitment of each of the Founding Firms 
to maintain certain minimum levels of participation in the joint 
venture. A Founding Firm may meet or exceed its Individual Target, but 
may not realize an increase in its equity interest relative to the 
other Founding Firms depending on the extent to which the other firms 
meet or exceed their Individual Targets.\102\ If each Founding Firm 
meets its Individual Target in any given year, there would be no change 
in its equity interest relative to any other Founding Firm. A Founding 
Firm cannot increase its equity interest relative to any other Founding 
Firm, no matter how much order flow it sends to the facility, unless 
one or more other Founding Firms fails to achieve its target for the 
year. Also, the Incentive Plan will not increase or decrease the 
aggregate equity interest of the Founding Firms as a group relative to 
NYSE Amex. The Commission therefore believes that the impact of the 
Incentive Plan is sufficiently attenuated from the submission of 
individual orders to the Options Facility by the Member that it is 
properly not viewed as an order flow or liquidity rebate that would 
constitute a proposed rule change under Section 19(b) of the Act. By 
comparison, the NASDAQ Investor Support Program provides a fee credit 
for each order in excess of a specified threshold to any member wishing 
to participate in the program.\103\ The fee credits are directly linked 
to each incremental order provided and are guaranteed so long as the 
baseline threshold is met.\104\
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    \101\ The LLC Agreement establishes the rights and obligations 
of the Company's Members. Aside from making an initial capital 
contribution in exchange for equity interest, the Members, among 
other things, are subject to ongoing regulatory capital 
contributions, voluntary capital contributions, and to potential 
penalties for failure to make requested capital contributions. See 
Sections 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5 of the LLC Agreement.
    \102\ See supra note 16 and accompanying text for a description 
of what constitutes an Individual Target.
    \103\ For a detailed description of the Investor Support 
Program, see Securities Exchange Act Release No. 63270 (November 8, 
2010), 75 FR 69489 (November 12, 2010) (SR-NASDAQ-2010-141) (notice 
of filing and immediate effectiveness). See also Securities Exchange 
Act Release Nos. 63414 (December 2, 2010), 75 FR 76505 (December 8, 
2010) (SR-NASDAQ-2010-153) (notice of filing and immediate 
effectiveness); 63628 (January 3, 2011), 76 FR 1201 (January 7, 
2011) (SR-NASDAQ-2010-154) (notice of filing and immediate 
effectiveness); 63891 (February 11, 2011), 76 FR 9384 (February 17, 
2011) (SR-NASDAQ-2011-022) (notice of filing and immediate 
effectiveness); and 64050 (March 8, 2011) (SR-NASDAQ-2011-034) 
(notice of filing and immediate effectiveness).
    \104\ Id.
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    For the reasons just discussed, the Commission believes that the 
Incentive Plan does not constitute a proposed rule change within the 
meaning of Section 19(b)(1) of the Act and Rule 19b-4 thereunder.

VI. Conclusion

    It Is Therefore Ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the 
Act,\105\ that the proposed rule change (SR-NYSEAmex-2011-18), as 
modified by Amendment No. 1, be, and it hereby is, approved.
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    \105\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\106\
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    \106\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Cathy H. Ahn,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2011-16417 Filed 6-29-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P


