
[Federal Register: January 28, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 18)]
[Rules and Regulations]               
[Page 4699-4720]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr28ja08-7]                         

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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

49 CFR Parts 171, 172, 173, 175, 177, 178, 180

[Docket No. PHMSA-05-21812 (HM-218D)]
RIN 2137-AE10

 
Hazardous Materials; Miscellaneous Amendments

AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), 
DOT.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: PHMSA is amending the Hazardous Materials Regulations to 
update, clarify or provide relief from certain requirements governing 
the classification, packaging, or labeling of hazardous materials 
transported in commerce. Among other provisions, PHMSA is adopting a 
new proper shipping name and identification number for fuel blends 
composed of ethanol and gasoline. In addition, PHMSA is updating 
references to consensus standards, revising and clarifying certain 
hazard communication requirements, and clarifying transportation 
requirements applicable to dry ice, detonator assemblies, and 
explosives. PHMSA is also expanding exceptions from regulation for 
small quantities of hazardous materials.

DATES: Effective date: The effective date of these amendments is 
October 1, 2008.
    Incorporation by Reference Date: The incorporation by reference of 
certain publications listed in these amendments is approved by the 
Director of the Federal Register as of October 1, 2008.
    Voluntary Compliance: Compliance with the requirements adopted 
herein is

[[Page 4700]]

authorized as of January 28, 2008. However, persons voluntarily 
complying with these regulations should be aware that appeals may be 
received and as a result of PHMSA's evaluation of these appeals, the 
amendments adopted in this final rule could be subject to further 
revision.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Cameron Satterthwaite, Office of 
Hazardous Materials Standards, (202) 366-8553, Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, 
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background

    This final rule adopts various updates and amendments to the 
Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR; 49 CFR parts 171-180) based on 
PHMSA initiatives and petitions for rulemaking submitted in accordance 
with 49 CFR 106.95. Most of the amendments, as detailed below, are 
intended to provide relief to industry by eliminating, revising, 
clarifying, or relaxing regulatory requirements.
    This final rule also adds a new entry to the Hazardous Materials 
Table (HMT) for ethanol and gasoline blends with more than 10 percent 
alcohol (e.g., E85). This new entry--``Ethanol and gasoline mixtures or 
Ethanol and motor spirit or Ethanol and petrol mixture, with more than 
10% ethanol, 3, UN 3475, II,''--coupled with a revision to the entry--
``Gasohol gasoline mixed with ethyl alcohol, with not more than 20 
percent alcohol, 3, NA1203, II''--will enhance the effectiveness of 
hazard communication and response by aligning the classification scheme 
with emergency response protocols. Because these protocols vary based 
on the concentration of ethanol (or ``ethyl alcohol'') in a gasoline 
mixture, differentiating in the classification of blends is critical to 
effective hazard communication. To minimize regulatory cost and burden, 
these requirements will not become effective for two years; however, 
voluntary compliance is permitted immediately.
    In response to two petitions for rulemaking, we are adopting 
expanded small quantity exceptions for Packing Group II and III 
materials in Class 3, Division 4.1, Division 4.2, Division 4.3, 
Division 5.1, Division 6.1, Class 8, and Class 9. This exception is 
expected to yield annual savings of about $1 million, with no adverse 
safety impact.
    Also in this final rule, we are:
    (1) Updating provisions incorporating consensus standards issued by 
the Chlorine Institute and the Compressed Gas Association (see 
Sec. Sec.  171.7, 173.301, 178.337-9, and 178.337-10).
    (2) Adding a definition for ``household wastes'' to clarify the 
current exception in the HMR for transportation of such materials (see 
Sec. Sec.  171.8, 173.12 and 173.134).
    (3) Revising the HMT to harmonize certain entries with 
international standards (see Sec.  172.101) by removing, adding, and 
revising certain proper shipping names.
    (4) Revising certain hazard communication provisions to address 
shipping paper requirements for marine pollutants, marking requirements 
for limited quantities, proper shipping name markings on packages, and 
labeling of intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) (see Sec. Sec.  
172.203, 172.315, and 172.406).
    (5) Clarifying requirements applicable to the transportation of dry 
ice on aircraft, detonator assemblies, and packagings authorized for 
the transportation of certain explosives (see Sec. Sec.  173.24, 
173.61, 173.62, 173.217, 175.30, and 175.900).
    (6) Clarifying that a shipper must use a carrier with a safety 
permit to transport hazardous materials for which safety permits are 
required as specified under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Regulations (see Sec.  173.22).
    (7) Clarifying segregation requirements for hazardous materials 
transported by motor carrier (see Sec.  177.848).

II. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

    We published a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) under this 
docket on September 26, 2006 (71 FR 55757). The comment period for the 
NPRM closed on November 24, 2006. PHMSA received comments from the 
following individuals, companies, and organizations:
    (1) Lawrence Laude (Laude; PHMSA-05-21812-3);
    (2) Hydro-Test Products Inc. (Hydro-Test; PHMSA-05-21812-4);
    (3) Henry Hsiu (Hsiu; PHMSA-05-21812-5);
    (4) Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM; PHMSA-05-21812-6);
    (5) Regulatory Resources Inc. (RRI; PHMSA-05-21812-7);
    (6) United Parcel Service (UPS; PHMSA-05-21812-8);
    (7) Florida Power and Light Company (FPL; PHMSA-05-21812-9);
    (8) Laboratory Corporation of America (LabCorp; PHMSA-05-21812-10);
    (9) Krista Duncan (Duncan; PHMSA-05-21812-11);
    (10) Petroleum Marketers Association of America (PMAA; PHMSA-05-
21812-12);
    (11) Health and Personal Care Logistics Conference, Inc. (H&PCLC 
PHMSA-05-21812-13);
    (12) Association of Hazmat Shippers, Inc. (AHS; PHMSA-05-21812-14);
    (13) Veolia Environmental Services Technical Solutions L.L.P.C. 
(Veolia; PHMSA-05-21812-15);
    (14) National Tank Truck Carriers (NTTC; PHMSA-05-21812-16);
    (15) Renewable Fuels Association (RFA; PHMSA-05-21812-17);
    (16) American Trucking Associations (ATA; PHMSA-05-21812-18);
    (17) Petroleum Marketers and Convenience Stores of Iowa (PMCI; 
PHMSA-05-21812-19);
    (18) Shell Chemical LP (Shell Chemical; PHMSA-05-21812-20); and
    (19) BWXT Pantex, LLC (BWXT Pantex; PHMSA-05-21812-21).
    Commenters were generally supportive of PHMSA's efforts to update, 
clarify, or provide relief from certain regulatory requirements. Many 
of the proposals in the NPRM were either fully supported by commenters 
or received no comment; these amendments are adopted as proposed. Each 
of the proposals, with corresponding comments, is discussed in more 
detail below.

III. Section-by-Section Review

A. Gasoline/Ethanol Fuel Blends (Sec. Sec.  171.14, 172.101, 172.102, 
172.336)

    Alternative fuels have been produced and used on a small scale for 
decades, driven by environmental, economic, and energy security 
concerns. The most common of these fuels, designated E85, is being used 
and transported in increasing volumes in the United States. A blend of 
85 percent ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and 15 percent petroleum (gasoline), 
E85 poses unique hazards that must be communicated and understood 
immediately in the case of a transportation incident. E85 and other 
fuel blends with high ethanol concentration are polar/water-miscible 
flammable liquids (i.e., they mix with water) and will degrade the 
effectiveness of fire-fighting foam that is not alcohol-resistant.
    The 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG2004) instructs emergency 
responders to use different fire extinguishing materials based on the 
relative concentration of ethanol in a blended fuel. ERG 2004 refers to 
Guide 127 (Flammable Liquids Polar/Water-Miscible), which specifies the 
use of alcohol resistant foam for response to incidents involving 
Alcohols, n.o.s., 3, UN1987, or Denatured alcohol, 3, NA1987. For 
incidents involving blends of gasoline and ethanol (typically

[[Page 4701]]

transported under the shipping descriptions ``Flammable liquid, n.o.s., 
(ethanol, gasoline), 3, UN1993'', and ``Gasohol, 3, NA1203''), ERG 2004 
refers to Guide 128 (Flammable Liquids Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible). 
Guide 128 specifies the use of regular foam but contains the following 
warning: ``CAUTION: For mixtures containing a high percentage of an 
alcohol or polar solvent, alcohol-resistant foam may be more 
effective.''
    To help emergency responders utilize the most effective emergency 
response procedures for incidents involving fuel blends composed of 
ethanol (or ``ethyl alcohol'') and gasoline in various concentrations, 
we proposed in the NPRM to add a new proper shipping description, 
``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit or Ethanol 
and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, II'' to the 
HMT. This new HMT entry is consistent with a new shipping description 
adopted within the Fifteenth Revised Edition of the United Nations 
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN 
Recommendations).
    In addition, we proposed to revise the hazard communication 
requirements for compartmented cargo tanks, tank cars, or cargo tanks 
that carry materials under this description. Currently, the HMR provide 
exceptions from the identification number marking requirements for each 
of the different liquid petroleum distillate fuels, including gasohol 
containing up to 20% ethanol, transported in a compartmented cargo tank 
or tank car if the identification number is displayed for the liquid 
petroleum distillate fuel having the lowest flash point. Because of 
this exception, emergency responders may not know that fires involving 
materials transported in a compartmented cargo tank or tank car should 
be handled with alcohol resistant foam. In the NPRM, we proposed to 
eliminate this exception for materials described under the proposed new 
HMT entry ``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit or 
Ethanol and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, 
II''. Thus, as proposed, display of the new UN identification number 
for ethanol fuel blends would be required to ensure that emergency 
responders understand the unique response measures applicable to such 
materials.
    To facilitate compliance with the new provisions applicable to 
ethanol fuel blends, we proposed a two-year transition period. We asked 
commenters specifically to address the proposed transition period, 
including whether the transition period would provide sufficient time 
for shippers and carriers to incorporate the proposed new shipping name 
and UN identification number into shipping papers and package markings 
with minimal disruptions to normal business operations. We also asked 
if the proposed two-year transition period should be shortened to 
ensure that the new shipping name and UN identification number are 
utilized as quickly as possible. In addition, we requested comments on 
how to balance these two potentially competing goals.
    Shell strongly supports the addition of the new proper shipping 
description, ``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit 
or Ethanol and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, 
II.'' Shell contends the new description will provide more effective 
guidance to emergency responders. Shell also notes that ethanol content 
greater than 10 percent in motor fuel blends requires alcohol resistant 
foam to minimize blanket break down and vapor breakthrough and re-
ignition.
    Five commenters [ADM, PMAA, NTTC, RFA, and PMCI] suggest that the 
emergency response requirements cited in the NPRM could be satisfied 
through other, more effective or less costly means. PMCI suggests that 
adoption of the proposed amendments would increase confusion for 
persons attempting to determine the most appropriate shipping 
description for gasoline/alcohol fuel blends. NTTC and PMCI suggest 
using a uniform gasoline ``UN1203'' marking for both gasoline and 
gasoline/alcohol fuel blends, while revising the ERG to specify the use 
of alcohol resistant foam for any Class 3, Flammable liquid, rather 
than incorporating a new shipping description into the HMR. As an 
alternative to this approach, PMCI recommends authorizing the new 
shipping description for both gasoline and gasoline/alcohol fuel 
blends. Under this alternative, multiple compartmented cargo tanks 
transporting both gasoline and gasoline/alcohol fuel blends could 
display only one UN identification number rather than multiple UN 
identification numbers representing different types of fuel blends.
    Several commenters addressed the potential cost impacts of our 
proposal to limit the applicability of the current exception that 
permits display of the UN identification number for the material having 
the lowest flashpoint on multi-compartmented cargo tank motor vehicles 
and rail tank cars transporting different liquid petroleum distillate 
fuels, including gasoline and gasohol. One commenter [PMAA] asserts 
that the proposed rule would impose significant costs for retrofitting 
trucks to display multiple UN identification numbers. In response to 
our request for specific comments regarding the costs for tank truck 
carriers to comply with the proposal, NTTC states that it is unable to 
quantify the total number of tank trucks in ethanol service. NTTC 
states that its members operate over 10,000 petroleum trailers and that 
these trailers are equipped to transport both ethanol and gasoline, 
although NTCC cannot confirm the extent to which trailers actually 
transport both materials. NTTC further asserts that due to the shortage 
of petroleum trailers currently in service, with the introduction of 
ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and other alternative fuels, it is not 
practical to ``dedicate'' these trailers exclusively to gasoline or 
ethanol service. As a result, NTTC suggests that trailers should be 
equipped to handle both. Regarding the identification marking 
provisions, NTTC states that the majority of cargo tank motor vehicles, 
most of which have multiple compartments, have Hazard Class 3, 
FLAMMABLE LIQUID placards with UN1203 ``gasoline'' markings permanently 
affixed to them. NTTC estimates costs approaching or equaling $600 per 
vehicle to convert the identification numbers and placards on a multi-
compartmented cargo tank.
    We believe that the new shipping description for gasoline/ethanol 
fuel blends will enhance emergency responders' ability to respond 
effectively to incidents involving these materials. A unique shipping 
description and UN identification number will enable emergency 
responders to quickly identify whether an ethanol fuel blend is present 
and minimize confusion as to appropriate response measures. The new 
shipping description will be incorporated into the 2008 edition of the 
ERG. Therefore, we are adopting the proposed new shipping description 
``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit mixture or 
Ethanol and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, Class 3, 
UN3475, II.''
    We disagree with the cost estimates from NTTC. As detailed in a May 
1, 2006 letter of clarification (Reference Number 01-0082R; included in 
the docket for this rulemaking), the marking exception does not apply 
to multi-compartment cargo tanks or rail tank cars containing a fuel 
blend with more than 10 percent alcohol and various petroleum 
distillate fuels because the alcohol-fuel blend does not meet the 
definition for a petroleum distillate fuel. Therefore, a multi-
compartment cargo

[[Page 4702]]

tank or rail tank car containing an alcohol-fuel blend together with 
petroleum distillate fuels such as gasoline must be marked with the 
identification number applicable to the fuel blend, in addition to the 
identification number of the petroleum distillate fuel.
    For example, under current requirements, a compartmented cargo tank 
containing Gasoline, UN1203; Diesel Fuel, UN1993; Flammable liquid, 
n.o.s. (E85), UN1993; and Denatured Alcohol, NA1987, must display 
identification numbers ``1203,'' ``1993'' (for the E85), and ``1987.'' 
After the effective date of this final rule, a compartmented cargo tank 
carrying the same materials will be required to display identification 
numbers ``1203,'' ``3475'' (for the E85), and ``1987.'' In this 
scenario, the only modification is replacement of the identification 
number ``1993'' (for the E85) with new identification number ``3475'' 
for gasoline and alcohol blends containing more than 10% alcohol. The 
cost to replace one identification number marking on up to 4 sides of 
the vehicle should be significantly less than the costs estimated by 
commenters.
    Further, to minimize the cost of transitioning to the new UN3475 
marking, we are permitting motor carriers to transport E85 in 
accordance with the most recent marking requirements in place prior to 
the publication of this rule for a period of two years following the 
effective date of this final rule. Specifically, we are permitting use 
of compartmented cargo tanks, tank cars, and cargo tanks displaying the 
current UN identification number marking of the distillate fuel having 
the lowest flashpoint in addition to the UN identification number 
marking of fuel blends containing more than 10 percent alcohol. We 
believe the two-year transition period will substantially reduce the 
financial burden on carriers affected by this amendment by allowing 
them to retain the current permanent markings on their tanks while 
transitioning to the new identification marking for UN3475. We did not 
receive any comments opposing the implementation of a two-year 
transition period.
    Currently, the HMR references special provision 172 under the 
entries ``Denatured alcohol, NA1987'' and ``Alcohols, n.o.s., UN1987.'' 
Special provision 172 allows for the alcohols described under these 
entries to contain up to 5 percent petroleum products. The ethanol 
blend, E95, is an alcohol solution containing up to 5 percent petroleum 
product and may be described as either ``Denatured alcohol, NA1987'' or 
``Alcohols, n.o.s., UN1987.'' Therefore, to maintain consistency with 
the current requirements and to further offset potential costs, we are 
allowing transportation of ethanol and gasoline blends containing no 
more than 5 percent petroleum product and described as ``Denatured 
alcohol'' or ``Alcohols, n.os.'' to be marked with the identification 
number ``1987'' instead of ``3475.'' This exception is consistent with 
a comment submitted by RFA noting that many ethanol-fuel blends such as 
E95 (containing 95% ethanol and 5% gasoline), are currently shipped in 
bulk packagings marked with the UN identification number ``1987,'' 
corresponding to the proper shipping names ``Denatured alcohol'' and 
``Alcohols, n.o.s.'' Although we are not introducing a new shipping 
description that corresponds to the identification number ``1987'' as 
suggested by RFA, we agree that the proper shipping names ``Alcohols, 
n.o.s., UN1987'' and ``Denatured alcohol, NA1987'' are acceptable 
alternatives to the new proper shipping name ``Ethanol and gasoline 
mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit mixture or Ethanol and petrol 
mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, UN3475'' for ethanol and gasoline 
mixtures containing not more than 5 percent petroleum products.
    In relation to adding the new proper shipping description, 
``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit or Ethanol 
and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, II,'' we 
proposed in the NPRM to add a new Special Provision 177 in Sec.  
172.102 to specify the proper applicability of this new description. We 
received no comments opposing this proposed amendment and are, 
therefore, adopting it as proposed.
    To correspond with the new shipping description in this final rule, 
we are also revising the entry for ``Gasohol gasoline mixed with ethyl 
alcohol, with not more than 20 percent alcohol, 3, NA1203, II'' to 
limit this entry to gasoline blends with not more than 10 percent 
alcohol. The purpose of this revision is to make it explicitly clear 
that gasoline blends containing more than 10 percent ethanol should be 
described under the new shipping description ``Ethanol and gasoline 
mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit or Ethanol and petrol mixture, with 
more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, II.'' To minimize the financial 
impact of this revision we are authorizing continued use of the entry 
``Gasohol gasoline mixed with ethyl alcohol, with not more than 20 
percent alcohol, 3, NA1203, II'' for two years following the effective 
date of this final rule.
    In conjunction with the new description for gasoline and ethanol 
blends with more than 10 percent ethanol, Shell suggests removing the 
entry ``Gasohol, NA1203'' and revising the entry for ``Gasoline, 
UN1203'' to add a special provision that specifically communicates to 
shippers that the entry ``Gasoline, UN1203'' may be used for gasoline 
and ethanol blends with not more than 10 percent ethanol for use in 
spark-ignition engines. We agree that Shell's suggestion has merit. 
Although we are not removing the entry ``Gasohol, NA1203'' in this 
rule, we are revising the entry ``Gasoline, UN1203'' to allow for this 
description to be used for gasoline and ethanol blends with not more 
than 10 percent ethanol. We are revising the proper shipping name in 
column 2 of the HMT to include the allowance in italics following the 
name ``Gasoline.'' This will provide shippers with the flexibility to 
accurately describe gasoline containing small amounts of ethanol on 
their shipping documentation. The ever increasing amount of gasoline 
blends containing 10 percent or less ethanol makes this modification 
particularly important.
    The following chart compares currently authorized proper shipping 
names and the proper shipping names authorized under this final rule 
for gasoline and gasoline-alcohol blends:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Proper shipping name
                                 Current proper         and ID number
          Material            shipping name and ID   authorized in this
                                     number              final rule
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gasoline, with not more than  Gasohol, NA1203.....      Gasohol,
 10% ethanol.                                           NA1203.
                                                     Gasoline UN
                                                     1203.
Gasoline, with not more than  Gasohol, NA1203.....      Gasohol,
 20% ethanol.                                           NA1203 (w/ not
                                                        more than 10%
                                                        ethanol).
                                                     Gasoline UN
                                                     1203 (w/ not more
                                                     than 10% ethanol)
                                                        Ethanol
                                                        and gasoline
                                                        mixture, UN3475
                                                        (w/ more than
                                                        10% ethanol)

[[Page 4703]]


Gasoline/ethanol blends with                    Ethanol
 more than 10% ethanol..          Flammable             and gasoline
                                  liquid, n.o.s.,       mixture, UN3475.
                                  UN1993.            Alcohols,
                               Gasohol,      n.o.s., UN1987
                               NA1203(w/ not more    (Alcohol mixtures
                               than 20% ethanol).    containing up to 5%
                                                     gasoline).
                                                       
                                                        Denatured
                                                        alcohol, NA1987
                                                        (Alcohol
                                                        mixtures
                                                        containing up to
                                                        5% gasoline).
                                                        Ethanol
                                                        and gasoline
                                                        mixture, UN3475
                                                        (Alcohol
                                                        mixtures
                                                        containing up to
                                                        5% gasoline).
E85 (85% ethanol, 15%         Flammable liquid,     Ethanol and gasoline
 gasoline).                    n.o.s., UN1993.       mixture, UN3475.
Alcohol mixtures containing                    
 up to 5% gasoline.               Alcohols,             Alcohols,
                                  n.o.s., UN1987.       n.o.s., UN1987.
                               Denatured     Denatured
                               alcohol, NA1987.      alcohol, NA1987.
                                                     Ethanol and
                                                     gasoline mixture,
                                                     UN3475.
E95 (95% ethanol, 5%                           
 gasoline).                       Alcohols,             Alcohols,
                                  n.o.s., UN1987.       n.o.s., UN1987.
                               Denatured     Denatured
                               alcohol, NA1987.      alcohol, NA1987.
                                                        Ethanol
                                                        and gasoline
                                                        mixture, UN3475.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Marine Pollutants (Sec. Sec.  171.4 and 172.203)

    Marine pollutants are hazardous materials that present an 
environmental hazard to rivers, lakes, streams, oceans, and other 
marine habitats. Section 171.4 prohibits the transportation of 
materials meeting the definition of a marine pollutant except in 
accordance with HMR requirements. Marine pollutants transported in non-
bulk packagings are excepted from HMR requirements, unless the 
transportation is by vessel.
    The International Vessel Operators Hazardous Materials Association, 
Inc. (VOHMA) petitioned PHMSA (P-1465) to amend the HMR to clarify that 
the exception for non-bulk packages of marine pollutants transported by 
motor vehicle, rail car or aircraft does not apply to a marine 
pollutant ``intended for transport'' aboard a vessel. VOHMA states that 
the current language suggests the consignor who prepares the shipment 
and offers it in intermodal transportation has no obligation to declare 
the marine pollutant on the shipping paper if the initial transport is 
by motor vehicle or rail. As a result, a shipment intended for 
transportation by vessel and initially offered into transportation by 
highway, rail or air may be improperly described on the vessel shipping 
documents by a freight forwarder.
    To address VOHMA's concerns, in the NPRM we proposed to clarify in 
Sec.  171.4(c) that shipments for which all or part of the 
transportation is by vessel must conform to applicable HMR 
requirements, even if the initial transportation is by rail or highway. 
We also proposed to amend Sec.  172.203(l), which addresses shipping 
paper requirements for shipments of marine pollutants, to clarify that 
marine pollutants in non-bulk packagings transported all or in part by 
vessel must be shown on the shipping paper with the words ``Marine 
Pollutant'' appearing in association with the basic description.
    One commenter [Hsiu] supports the proposed clarification. Another 
commenter [Shell Chemical] expresses concern regarding our proposed 
clarification in Sec.  172.203(l). Shell Chemical states that 
addressing marine pollutants only is not broad enough to address 
VOHMA's petition. Shell Chemical notes that the proposed amendment for 
marine pollutants would not address other shipping paper provisions 
specific to vessel shipments and the IMDG Code, which, while not 
required for U.S. domestic land transportation, are mandatory for 
vessel transportation. The commenter notes as an example the 
requirement for adding the minimum flashpoint to the shipping paper if 
the flashpoint is less than 60.5[deg]C, which is required in Sec.  
172.203(i) for vessel transportation. The commenter also states that 
shippers who use computer systems may have a problem generating a 
single shipping description to meet all the requirements for vessel 
shipments where the initial carriage is by highway and subsequent 
carriage is by vessel. In this situation, according to Shell Chemical, 
the computer system normally generates two shipping documents: one for 
the highway portion of the shipment and another, which is sent to the 
shipper's port agent, covering the vessel portion and containing the 
IMDG Code description. To address these issues, Shell Chemical suggests 
revising only Sec.  172.203(i) to require a shipper who offers a 
hazardous material by vessel either directly or indirectly to provide 
the initial carrier or port agent all information necessary for 
shipment in accordance with the IMDG Code and allow for the IMDG Code 
information to appear either on the initial carrier's shipping paper or 
on a separate document. We disagree. The addition of the language 
proposed by Shell Chemical would require all vessel shipments to 
conform to the IMDG Code, which is authorized but not required for 
domestic shipments. Further, because no provision of the HMR prohibits 
inclusion of additional information in a shipping paper, making express 
allowance for this in Sec.  172.203(i) would be redundant and 
unnecessary. Therefore, we are adopting the amendments as proposed.

C. Incorporation by Reference (Sec.  171.7)

    The ``National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1996'' 
directs agencies to use voluntary consensus standards. According to the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Circular A-119, ``Federal 
Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Consensus 
Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities,'' government 
agencies must use voluntary consensus standards wherever practical in 
the development of regulations. Agency adoption of industry standards 
promotes productivity and efficiency in government and industry, 
expands opportunities for international trade, conserves resources, 
improves health and safety, and protects the environment.
    To these ends, PHMSA actively participates in the development and 
updating of consensus standards through representation on more than 20 
national consensus standards bodies. PHMSA regularly reviews updated 
consensus standards and considers their merit for inclusion in the HMR. 
Section 171.7 lists all standards incorporated by reference into the 
HMR.
    In this case, we evaluated the following updated consensus 
standards pertaining to cargo tanks and compressed gas cylinders and 
determined that the revised standards provide an enhanced level of 
safety

[[Page 4704]]

without imposing significant compliance burdens. These standards have a 
well-established and documented safety history; their adoption will 
maintain the high safety standard currently achieved under the HMR. We 
received no comments opposing our adoption of the consensus standards 
and informational materials proposed in the NPRM. Therefore, we are 
updating, revising, and adding the following reference materials in 
paragraphs (a)(3) and (b) of Sec.  171.7:
     In response to a Chlorine Institute petition (P-1444), 
under the entry ``Chlorine Institute,'' we are updating ``Type 1\1/2\ 
JQ 225, Dwg., H51970, Revision D April 5, 1989; or Type 1\1/2\ JQ 225, 
Dwg. H50155, Revision F, April 4, 1989'' to Revisions F and H 
respectively.
     In response to a Chlorine Institute petition (P-1444), 
under the entry ``Chlorine Institute,'' we are updating ``Section 3, 
Pamphlet 57, Emergency Shut-Off Systems for Bulk Transfer of Chlorine, 
3rd Edition, October 1997'' to the 4th Edition, October 2003.
     In response to a Chlorine Institute petition (P-1444), 
under the entry ``Chlorine Institute,'' we are adding a reference to 
``Section 3, Pamphlet 166 Angle Valve Guidelines for Chlorine Bulk 
Transportation, 1st Edition, October 2002.''
     In response to a Chlorine Institute petition (P-1444) and 
a Midland Manufacturing Corporation petition (P-1448), under the entry 
``Chlorine Institute,'' we are adding a reference to ``Typical Manway 
Arrangement Chlorine Cargo Tank, Dwg. 137-5, November 1996.''
     In response to a Chlorine Institute petition (P-1444), 
under the entry ``Chlorine Institute,'' we are removing the reference 
to ``Standards for Housing and Manway Covers for Steel Cargo Tanks, 
Dwgs. 137-1 and 137-2, September 1, 1982.''
     In response to a Compressed Gas Association (CGA) petition 
(P-1482), we are updating ``CGA Pamphlet C-5 Cylinder Service Life--
Seamless Steel High Pressure Cylinders, 1991'' to the reaffirmed 1995 
Edition.
     In response to a CGA petition (P-1472), we are updating 
``CGA Pamphlet C-7, A Guide for the Preparation of Precautionary 
Markings of Compressed Gas Containers, appendix A, issued 1992 (6th 
Edition)'' to the 2004 (Eighth) Edition. The updated pamphlet allows 
for hazard class numbers to be placed on subsidiary labels which is 
prohibited in the 1992 Edition.
     In response to a CGA petition (P-1440), we are authorizing 
the use of ``S-1.1, Pressure Relief Device Standards--Part 1--Cylinders 
for Compressed Gases, 2005 (with the exception of paragraph 9.1.1.1), 
Twelfth Edition'' for DOT specification cylinders and UN pressure 
receptacles. Consequently, we will be removing references to the Ninth 
Edition (1996) and Eleventh Edition (2003).
     In response to a CGA petition (P-1440), we are updating 
``CGA Pamphlet S-7, Method for Selecting Pressure Relief Devices for 
Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders, 1996'' to the 2005 Edition.
     We are updating ``ISO 7225, Gas cylinders--Precautionary 
labels, First Edition, November 1994, (Corrected and reprinted August 
1995), (E)'' to the Second Edition, July 2005.
    Paragraph (b) of this section contains a list of informational 
materials not requiring incorporation by reference. These materials are 
for informational purposes only and are not mandatory requirements. In 
the NPRM, we proposed to revise paragraph (b) of this section to add a 
reference to CGA publication, ``C-1.1, Personnel Training and 
Certification Guidelines for Cylinder Requalification by the Volumetric 
Expansion, issued 2004 (1st Edition).'' In addition we proposed to add 
a new paragraph (g)(6) to Sec.  180.205 to indicate that the CGA 
publication is an example of materials that may be used to train 
personnel in requalifying cylinders using the volumetric expansion 
method.
    One commenter [Hydro-Test] states that other commercially available 
guidelines concerning the requalification of cylinders may be 
overlooked if the CGA publication is specifically referenced in the 
HMR. We recognize that other satisfactory training materials are 
available or may be developed. It is not our intention to require the 
use of a particular set of training materials. Rather, as the rule text 
makes explicit, the referenced publication is cited only as an example 
of available training materials.

D. Household Wastes (Sec. Sec.  171.8, 173.12, and 173.134)

    Although the HMR explicitly exempt shipments of ``hazardous waste'' 
(Sec.  173.134(b)(13)(i)), the term ``hazardous waste'' is not defined 
in the rules. In the NPRM, we proposed to include a new definition for 
``Household wastes'' to mean ``any solid waste (including garbage, 
trash, and sanitary waste from septic tanks) derived from households 
(including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels, 
bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic 
grounds, and day-use recreation areas).'' We also proposed to clarify 
in Sec.  173.12, which provides packaging exceptions for hazardous 
waste shipments, that household wastes are not subject to the HMR.
    Three commenters [Duncan; Veolia; and RRI] oppose the amendments, 
suggesting that the proposed definition would allow unregulated 
transportation of household hazardous wastes to and from household 
waste collection centers. RRI also asserts the proposed definition 
could cause confusion because it would except all ``household wastes,'' 
without regard to hazards, quantities, or commercial or personal 
generation.
    The commenters appear to have misunderstood our intent in proposing 
a definition for ``household wastes.'' The definition is intended to 
clarify a long-standing exception from regulation under the HMR for 
waste materials that are generated from households (including single 
and multiple residences, hotels and motels, bunkhouses, ranger 
stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds, and day-use 
recreation areas). Such household wastes typically are picked up at 
curbside by municipal governments for disposal in accordance with 
applicable State or local government requirements.
    In regard to collection centers, we note that the transportation of 
consolidated household waste material in a motor vehicle by a 
government employee, solely for noncommercial government purposes, is 
not ``commercial'' transportation for purposes of the HMR and, 
therefore, is not subject to the requirements of the HMR (see Sec.  
171.1(d)(5)). However, transportation of a consolidated hazardous waste 
shipment from a collection center by a commercial motor carrier under 
contract to a government entity is ``commercial'' transportation for 
purposes of the HMR and, therefore, is subject to all applicable HMR 
requirements.
    RRI also questions the use of undefined terms within the proposed 
definition, such as ``solid waste,'' ``sanitary waste,'' ``hotel,'' and 
``motel.'' RRI observes that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 
uses similar terminology, but may define such terms differently, 
causing confusion regarding the applicability of these terms. We 
disagree. The term ``solid waste'' is meant to cover those items 
commonly found in household trash and garbage receptacles; the meaning 
of the terms ``hotel,'' ``motel,'' and ``sanitary waste'' should be 
evident from the way these terms are used in the definition. Further, 
although there are similarities

[[Page 4705]]

in terminology between PHMSA's and EPA's requirements, PHMSA's 
definitions are intended to stand on their own for the purposes of 
transportation under the HMR.
    For the reasons described above, in this final rule, we are 
adopting the definition and clarifications for ``Household waste'' as 
proposed in the NPRM.

E. Hazardous Materials Table (HMT; Sec.  172.101)

    Section 172.101 contains the HMT and explanations for each of the 
columns in the HMT. This final rule makes various amendments to the 
HMT. For the purpose of the Government Printing Office's publication 
procedures, changes to the HMT appear under three sections of the 
Table, ``remove,'' ``add,'' and ``revise.''
    In the NPRM, we proposed to harmonize certain proper shipping names 
in the HMR with the Fourteenth revised edition of the UN 
Recommendations, the 2007-2008 International Civil Aviation 
Organization Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous 
Goods by Air (ICAO Technical Instructions), and Amendment 33 to the 
International Maritime Organization Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code), 
and to correct other entries. One commenter [Laude] identified an error 
in the NPRM: The non-bulk packaging references for the HMT entry 
``Radioactive material, Type A package non-special form, non fissile or 
fissile excepted, Class 7, UN2915,'' were incorrect. This error has 
been corrected in this final rule. We did not receive any comments 
opposing these proposed changes and are, therefore, adopting the 
amendments as proposed. In addition we are removing two entries for 
``Hydrazine aqueous solution, with more than 37% hydrazine, by mass, 
UN2030.'' A duplicate entry was inadvertently added during the process 
of amending ``Hydrazine aqueous solution, with more than 37% hydrazine, 
by mass, UN2030'' under docket HM-244, which was published in the 
Federal Register on October 1, 2007 (72 FR 52578). Both of these 
entries contained errors. Therefore, we are removing both entries and 
adding the correct description for ``Hydrazine aqueous solution, with 
more than 37% hydrazine, by mass, UN2030.''

F. Special Provisions (Sec.  172.102)

    Section 172.102 lists a number of special provisions applicable to 
the transportation of specific hazardous materials. Special provisions 
contain packaging provisions, prohibitions, and exceptions applicable 
to particular quantities or forms of hazardous materials. In the NPRM, 
we proposed to revise Special Provision B69 to clarify that metal 
covered hopper cars, covered motor vehicles, portable tanks, and non-
specification bins must be sift-proof and weather-resistant and to 
remove the requirement for bins to be approved by the Associate 
Administrator. We received no comments on this proposal; therefore, we 
are adopting it without change in this final rule.

G. Package Marking--RQ (Sec. Sec.  172.315 and 172.324)

    Except for transportation by aircraft, Sec.  172.315 excepts 
limited quantity shipments of hazardous materials from the requirement 
for marking the proper shipping name of the material on the package 
when the identification number of the material is shown within a 
square-on-point configuration. In the NPRM, we proposed to revise Sec.  
172.315 to clarify that if a shipper identifies a limited quantity 
material which is also a hazardous substance, the shipper is required 
to mark the letters ``RQ'' on the package in association with the 
square-on-point configuration containing the identification number of 
the material.
    We received two comments [Hsiu and RRI] supporting the proposed 
amendment. RRI suggests that, for increased visibility, this provision 
should be added to Sec.  172.324, which contains the marking 
requirements for hazardous substances in non-bulk packagings. We agree; 
therefore, in this final rule, we are revising Sec.  172.324 to add 
this clarification and adopting the amendment to Sec.  172.315 as 
proposed.
    We also invited comments on whether or not the name of the 
hazardous substance should also be included along with the letters 
``RQ,'' even though the proper shipping name is not required. Hsiu 
recommends we remove all hazardous substance marking requirements for 
limited quantity shipments to expedite the movement of international 
shipments; international regulations do not require ``RQ'' markings. We 
disagree. It is important to identify packages containing a hazardous 
substance, regardless of the size of the package. This marking is 
necessary for emergency responders who respond to incidents involving 
packages containing hazardous substances and are required to implement 
EPA mandated procedures tied to the risk associated with reportable 
quantity amounts. Therefore, we are also revising Sec.  172.324 to 
incorporate this provision.

H. Placement of Labels (Sec.  172.406)

    Section 172.406 specifies the placement of labels on a package. 
Paragraph (e) of this section prescribes requirements for the duplicate 
labeling of packages based on size. Paragraph (e)(1) requires each 
package or overpack having a volume of 1.8 m\3\ (64 cubic feet) or more 
to be labeled on at least two sides or two ends (other than the bottom 
of the package). In the NPRM, we proposed to add a new paragraph (e)(6) 
to clarify that IBCs having a volume of 1.8 m\3\ (64 cubic feet) or 
more are required to be labeled on at least two sides or two ends. We 
received no comments on this proposal; therefore, we are adopting it 
without change in this final rule.

I. Small Quantity Exceptions (Sec.  173.4)

    Section 173.4 establishes exceptions for small quantities of 
hazardous materials. In response to petitions from the Dangerous Goods 
Advisory Council (DGAC) (P-1454) and Pharmaceutical Research and 
Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) (P-1457), we proposed in the NPRM to 
except de minimis quantities (less than 1 gram for solids and less than 
1 milliliter for liquids per inner packaging) of PG II and PG III 
materials of Class 3, Division 4.1, Division 4.2, Division 4.3, 
Division 5.1, Division 6.1, Class 8, and Class 9 materials. We proposed 
to require these materials to be transported in a combination 
packaging, with cushioning and absorbent material that would be capable 
of sustaining a drop test and a compressive load test.
    We received five comments supporting this proposal [RRI, Hsiu, FPL, 
H&PCLC, and AHS). RRI suggests the performance-based criteria be 
removed from the packaging requirements in favor of a requirement for a 
strong, tight packaging in conformance with Part 173, Subpart B. 
Additionally, RRI suggests amending the gross mass packaging limits by 
removing the 64 pound gross weight limitation while retaining the net 
hazardous material mass provisions to allow for more packaging 
configurations. RRI believes these suggestions would generate more cost 
savings than the proposed rule. We disagree. The packaging performance 
standard proposed in the NPRM is consistent with the performance 
standard currently required for shipments of small quantities under 
Sec.  173.4 and with the packaging standard recommended in the two 
petitions for rulemaking we received on this issue. The transportation 
history of the small quantity exception demonstrates that the packaging 
standard provides a high

[[Page 4706]]

level of safety; moreover, the standard is measurable and enforceable. 
Therefore, we are adopting the packaging standard proposed in the NPRM.
    Hsiu asks whether packaging tests and recordkeeping are mandatory. 
Packaging tests and recordkeeping are not mandatory. The performance 
standard proposed in the NPRM and adopted in this final rule is a 
capability standard. Capability may be demonstrated in a variety of 
different ways, such as engineering analysis, selective testing of 
similar packages, or actual testing of each specific design type.
    Two commenters request we expand the small quantity exception 
proposed in the NPRM. Hsiu requests that explosives classed as Division 
1.4S be included within the small quantity exception; FPL requests we 
authorize sample bottles containing up to 2 mL under the small quantity 
exception. Hsiu's and FPL's requests are beyond the scope of this 
rulemaking. A petition for rulemaking may be submitted to us in 
accordance with 49 CFR Part 106, Subpart B.
    Therefore, in this final rule, we are adopting a new exception for 
small quantities--less than 1 gram for solids and less than 1 
milliliter for liquids per inner packaging. When packaged for 
transportation as specified in accordance with the new paragraph (e), 
these materials are in amounts and forms that do not pose an 
unreasonable risk to health and safety or property.

J. Agricultural Exceptions (Sec.  173.5)

    Section 173.5 establishes the conditions under which agricultural 
products such as pesticides and fertilizers are excepted from HMR 
requirements. In order to utilize the exceptions provided, paragraph 
(b)(2) specifies limits for the amount of agricultural product that may 
be transported in a single vehicle. In the NPRM, we proposed to clarify 
this exception by replacing the term ``vehicle'' with ``motor 
vehicle.'' We received no comments on this proposal; therefore, we are 
adopting it without change in this final rule.

K. Hazardous Waste Exceptions (Sec.  173.12)

    Section 173.12 provides packaging exceptions for shipments of 
hazardous waste materials. In a final rule published on January 24, 
2005, under Docket No. RSPA 03-16370 (HM-233; 70 FR 3304), we added a 
new paragraph (e) to this section to authorize the storage, loading and 
transportation of waste cyanide and waste cyanide mixtures or solutions 
with Class 8 acids under certain conditions. In the NPRM, we proposed 
to revise paragraph (e) to authorize the transportation of waste 
cyanides and waste cyanide mixtures or solutions with not only Class 8 
acids but all acids. We received no comments on this proposal; 
therefore, we are adopting it without change in this final rule.

L. Shipper Responsibilities (Sec.  173.22)

    Section 173.22 establishes a shipper's responsibility for complying 
with applicable HMR requirements. In the NPRM, we proposed, in response 
to a petition from NTTC (P-1469), to amend this section to require 
shippers who offer certain hazardous materials for transportation to 
use carriers holding a valid safety permit issued by the Federal Motor 
Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). FMCSA regulations (49 CFR Part 
385, Subpart E) require motor carriers transporting certain types and 
amounts of hazardous materials to apply for a safety permit. To obtain 
a safety permit, a carrier must have a ``satisfactory'' safety rating 
and must meet certain other safety and security requirements. The 
safety permit requirements apply to motor carriers transporting: (1) A 
highway route-controlled quantity of a Class 7 (radioactive) material; 
(2) certain high explosives; (3) certain toxic inhalation hazard (TIH) 
materials; and (4) certain bulk shipments of liquefied methane gas and 
liquefied natural gas. A carrier may not transport any of the listed 
materials unless it has a valid safety permit.
    We received one comment supporting this proposal [ATA]. We received 
four comments opposing this proposal [Hsiu, Veolia, Shell Chemical, and 
NTTC]. Hsiu states that this is against the precedent PHMSA established 
when it determined that shippers are not responsible for verifying 
hazardous materials endorsements on commercial driver licenses. Veolia 
notes that, currently, FMCSA has chosen to limit dispersal of the 
required information to only State and local law enforcement personnel 
due to security concerns. Shell notes that the obligation to secure and 
maintain a safety permit under 49 CFR 385.403 is the motor carrier's 
and not the shipper's. Shell is concerned that this proposal, if 
adopted, would establish the wrong precedent, placing shippers in an 
enforcement role for which they are ill equipped. We also received 
comments from the petitioner, NTTC, who opposes this amendment due to 
the lack of a publicly accessible and updated list of carriers who hold 
current safety permits.
    We note that the proposal in the NPRM implements a statutory 
requirement in 49 U.S.C. 5109(f), which provides that a shipper 
offering a hazardous material for transportation in commerce may only 
offer that material to a motor carrier with a safety permit issued in 
accordance with 49 U.S.C. 5109. We do not agree that by incorporating 
this statutory provision into the HMR we are placing shippers in an 
``enforcement'' role. Rather, we are asking shippers, consistent with 
statutory requirements, to exercise due diligence and responsible care 
with respect to selecting motor carriers. Therefore, we are adopting 
the proposal in this final rule.
    In accordance with 49 CFR 385.417, ``a motor carrier must provide 
the number of its safety permit to a person who offers a [covered 
hazardous material] for transportation in commerce.'' FMCSA issues each 
motor carrier a paper copy of its safety permit. A shipper may request 
the carrier's safety permit number or a copy of its safety permit to 
verify that it is using a carrier holding a valid safety permit.

M. General Packaging Requirements (Sec.  173.24)

    Section 173.24 establishes general requirements for packagings and 
packages. Paragraph (g) of this section addresses the venting of 
packages to reduce internal pressures that may develop by the evolution 
of gas from the contents during transportation. Currently, this 
paragraph specifies that a package containing a hazardous material and 
transported on board an aircraft must not vent. In the NPRM, we 
proposed to revise paragraph (g)(1) to specify that the venting of 
packagings containing carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) would not be 
prohibited for air transportation. We received no comments opposing 
this proposed amendment. However, one commenter [UPS] notes that Sec.  
173.320(c) refers shippers of refrigerated and cryogenic liquids to 
ICAO Packing Instruction (PI) 202. ICAO PI 202 applies to Class 2 
refrigerated liquefied gases in open and closed cryogenic receptacles 
authorized for air transportation that require venting. We agree with 
the commenter that cryogenic liquids as specified in Sec.  173.320(c) 
should also be referenced in this section. Therefore, in this final 
rule, we are adopting the proposed amendment and adding a reference to 
ICAO PI 202.

N. Transportation of Explosives (Sec. Sec.  173.61, 173.62)

    Section 173.61 establishes requirements for transporting Class 1 
(explosive) materials in the same outside packaging with other 
materials that could, under normal conditions of transportation, 
adversely affect the

[[Page 4707]]

explosive or its packaging. Paragraph (c) of this section lists 
specific explosives that may not be transported in the same outside 
packaging as other Class 1 materials. In a final rule published May 6, 
1997 (HM 215B; 62 FR 24708), we added a new entry to the HMT 
``Detonator, assemblies, non-electric for blasting,'' UN0500. This 
entry should have also been added to paragraph (c) to indicate that 
this material is not authorized to be packed together with other Class 
1 explosives. In the NPRM, we proposed to correct this oversight by 
amending paragraph (c) to include UN 0500 ``Detonator assemblies, non-
electric for blasting.'' We received no comments on this proposal; 
therefore, we are adopting it without change in this final rule.
    Section 173.62 establishes specific packaging requirements for 
Class 1 (explosive) materials. The Table of Packing Methods in 
paragraph (c) specifies the packing instructions assigned to each 
explosive. In the NPRM, we proposed to revise packing instruction (PI) 
134 in the Table of Packing Methods to authorize the use of a 
specification 4H1 plastic box as an outer packaging for certain 
explosives. We received no comments on this proposal; therefore, we are 
adopting it without change in this final rule.

O. Transportation of Dry Ice (Sec. Sec.  173.217, 175.10, 175.900)

    Section 173.217 establishes packaging requirements for dry ice 
(carbon dioxide, solid). In the NPRM, we proposed to revise this 
section for clarity and to harmonize the HMR with requirements in the 
ICAO Technical Instructions applicable to the transportation of dry ice 
by air. Currently under paragraph (d), the HMR require the shipper to 
have a specific and special written arrangement with the air carrier to 
transport more than 441 pounds of dry ice in a single compartment. The 
ICAO Technical Instructions no longer include this requirement. The 
United Parcel Service (UPS) petitioned PHMSA (P-1439) to amend this 
section for consistency with the most recent edition of the ICAO 
Technical Instructions. We agreed and proposed to revise the current 
paragraph (d) accordingly. In addition, we proposed to revise paragraph 
(d) to address air specific provisions such as ventilation safety 
procedures, net mass marking requirements, and quantity limit 
exceptions for dry ice used as a refrigerant for non-hazardous 
materials. Further, we proposed requirements for air carriers who 
transport dry ice in a proposed new Sec.  175.900.
    In the NPRM, we proposed to require shippers to mark the net mass 
of dry ice contained in the package on the outside of the package. Two 
commenters [LabCorp and UPS] request clarification regarding the 
proposed net mass marking requirements. LabCorp states that the NPRM is 
not clear as to whether the proposed net mass marking requirement 
specified in Sec.  173.217(c)(1) is in addition to, rather than in 
place of, the standard requirement in Sec.  172.301 to mark the package 
with the proper shipping name and UN number. We agree and are revising 
the language in paragraph (c)(1) to specify that the net mass marking 
requirement is in addition to the applicable marking requirements in 
Part 172, Subpart D. We are also adding a statement to clarify that 
each unit load device (ULD) when used as the packaging for dry ice 
would be subject to all the applicable marking requirements for dry 
ice. We are also adding clarification in Sec.  175.900 to specify that 
if an operator adds dry ice to such a ULD, the net mass marking would 
need to be revised if the amount of dry ice exceeds the net mass 
quantity marked on the ULD. UPS also suggests the text should be 
clarified to specify that the quantity limits in columns (9A) and (9B) 
of the HMT are not applicable to dry ice that is used as a refrigerant 
for non-hazardous materials and is loaded in a unit load device or 
other type of pallet. We agree, and have revised Sec.  173.217(c) 
accordingly.
    UPS also suggests slight revisions to clarify the applicability of 
the marking requirements for packagings containing less than 5 pounds 
of dry ice. These proposed revisions would create redundancy and are 
therefore unnecessary. Accordingly, we are not incorporating these 
suggested revisions.
    The HMR require a shipper to have a specific and special written 
arrangement with an air carrier to transport more than 441 pounds of 
dry ice in a single compartment. The ICAO Technical Instructions have 
been broadened by removing the 441 pound threshold of dry ice in a 
single compartment and the requirement for a specific and written 
arrangement with the carrier. In the NPRM, in response to a UPS 
petition (P-1439), we proposed to incorporate the ICAO Technical 
Instructions' provisions, which require the shipper of the dry ice and 
the carrier to make arrangements to ensure that proper ventilation 
procedures are followed. We received three comments on the proposed 
revisions [Hsiu, LabCorp, and UPS]. Both Hsiu and LabCorp question the 
interpretation of the phrase ``arrangements between the shipper and the 
operator'' and state the carrier requirements specified in Part 175 
thoroughly address safety issues. Although we agree that the 
transportation of hazardous materials by aircraft is adequately 
addressed in Part 175, the intent of the proposed dry ice requirements 
is to notify the initial air carrier, through advance shipper-carrier 
arrangements, of the quantities of dry ice that will be aboard the 
aircraft. The stowage of dry ice is the responsibility of the aircraft 
operator and is based on the specific aircraft type, the number of air 
exchanges per hour in the cargo compartment, the method of packing and 
stowing, whether animals are carried in the compartment, and other 
factors. The shipper should provide notification of the amount of dry 
ice to be shipped to the carrier in advance to afford the carrier the 
opportunity to take into account these safety factors. To eliminate 
confusion, we are clarifying that it is the carrier's responsibility to 
comply with the dry ice transportation provision in Sec.  175.900. Note 
that the arrangements required under this final rule need not be in 
writing.
    The HMR provide an exception from the shipping paper and 
certification requirements for dry ice shipments prepared in accordance 
with applicable requirements, provided the package is marked ``Carbon 
dioxide, solid'' or ``Dry ice'' and includes an indication that the 
material being refrigerated is used for diagnostic or treatment 
purposes. To avoid confusion, we proposed to revise Sec.  173.217(e) to 
specify that only dry ice actually used to refrigerate materials being 
shipped for diagnostic or treatment purposes may be transported under 
this exception. We did not receive any comments opposing this proposed 
revision; therefore, we are adopting it without change in this final 
rule.
    Section 175.10 establishes exceptions for the transportation of 
certain hazardous materials by aircraft, including hazardous materials 
that may be carried by passengers or crew members in checked or carry-
on baggage. In the NPRM, we proposed to revise paragraph (a)(10) to 
harmonize the HMR with the ICAO Technical Instructions applicable to 
the transportation of dry ice in checked or carry-on baggage by 
excepting from the HMR shipments of dry ice used to pack perishables in 
carry-on and checked baggage. In the NPRM, we indicated the net mass 
requirement would be 2.3 kg (5 pounds). The ICAO Technical Instructions 
allow 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds). To correct this inconsistency, we are 
amending the section to read ``2.5 kg (5.5 pounds).'' Likewise, we are 
amending Sec.  173.217(c) to raise the limit

[[Page 4708]]

from 2.3 kg to 2.5 kg for such packages when transported as cargo. 
Although the ICAO TI does not provide a cargo exception equivalent to 
that found in Sec.  173.217(c), we believe that establishing a 
consistent limit for packages transported as cargo and packages 
transported by passengers or crew members will facilitate the 
transportation of such packages.
    In response to a UPS petition (P-1439) and to harmonize with 
international standards, we proposed to add a new Sec.  175.900 to 
incorporate the ICAO Technical Instructions aircraft loading 
requirements for carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice). The proposed 
amendment would provide guidelines to the aircraft operator for 
handling dry ice shipments based on the aircraft type, the aircraft 
ventilation rates, the method of packing and stowing, the presence of 
animals on the flight. In addition, the proposed amendment would 
require the aircraft operator to ensure that the ground staff is 
informed of the presence of dry ice, and provide the Pilot-in-Command 
with information to reflect any quantity change of dry ice.
    We received one comment [UPS] supporting this proposal. We did not 
receive any comments opposing the proposed amendment; therefore, we are 
adopting it without change in this final rule. UPS also suggested 
including text in either this section or in Sec.  175.33 (Shipping 
paper and notification of pilot-in-command provisions) to adopt DOT-E 
12378, which allows for dry ice loaded on an aircraft to be shown as 
aggregate mass (in kg) quantity per loading position, rather than a net 
mass (in kg) quantity per package. Because this additional requirement 
was not proposed in the NPRM, it is beyond the scope of this 
rulemaking. However, we agree that there may be some merit in adopting 
the provision in DOT-E 12378, which allows for dry ice loaded on an 
aircraft to be shown as an aggregate quantity per loading position, 
rather than a net quantity per package; we will consider this issue in 
a future rulemaking.

P. Transportation of Compressed Gas in Cylinders (Sec. Sec.  173.301, 
173.304, 173.306)

    Section 173.301 establishes general requirements for the 
transportation of compressed gases in cylinders and spherical pressure 
vessels. Paragraph (f) of this section addresses pressure relief 
devices (PRDs), and paragraph (g) addresses manifolded cylinders in 
transportation. Paragraphs (f) and (g) require pressure relief devices 
to conform to the applicable provisions specified in CGA S-1.1 and CGA 
S-7. In response to a CGA petition (P-1440), we proposed in the NPRM to 
update the incorporation by reference of CGA publications S-1.1 and S-
7. We did not receive any comments opposing this proposed revision; 
therefore, we are adopting it without change in this final rule. In 
addition, paragraph (c) is revised to incorporate the updated CGA S-1.1 
and CGA S-7 publications specified above.
    Section 173.304a specifies additional requirements for shipments of 
liquefied compressed gases in specification cylinders. Paragraph 
(e)(1)(ii) is revised to incorporate the updated revision to CGA 
Pamphlet S-1.1 as specified in the preamble language for Sec.  171.7.
    Section 173.306 establishes transportation requirements for limited 
quantities of compressed gases. We are reprinting paragraphs (i), (j), 
and (k) to correct the paragraph designations.

Q. Transportation of Gas Generator Assemblies (Sec.  173.335)

    Section 173.335 establishes requirements for the transportation of 
gas generator assemblies. This entry was initially added in a December 
21, 1990 (55 FR 52402; HM-181) rulemaking to harmonize the HMR with 
various international standards such as the ICAO Technical 
Instructions, IMDG Code, and UN Recommendations. However, ICAO removed 
this entry in the 2003-2004 edition of the ICAO Technical Instructions. 
In the NPRM, we proposed to remove this section in its entirety to 
harmonize with ICAO. We did not receive any comments opposing this 
deletion; therefore, we are removing it from the HMR in this final 
rule.

R. Motor Carrier Segregation Requirements (Sec.  177.848)

    Section 177.848 addresses segregation requirements for hazardous 
materials transported by motor carrier. Currrently, in paragraph 
(a)(1), the segregation requirements apply to hazardous materials in 
packages that are required to be labeled. However, the current 
requirements do not specify whether these segregation provisions apply 
to hazardous materials in packages which require placarding. In the 
NPRM, we proposed to revise paragraph (a)(1) to specify that the 
segregation requirements for hazardous materials would be applicable to 
packages that require placarding. We did not receive any comments 
opposing this amendment; therefore, we are adopting it as proposed.

S. UN Portable Tanks (Sec.  178.274)

    Section 178.274 establishes design and manufacturing requirements 
for UN portable tanks. Currently, paragraph (b)(1) specifies that the 
design temperature range for the shell of a UN portable tank must be -
40 [deg] C to -50 [deg] C (-40 [deg] F to 122 [deg] F). The temperature 
range ``-0 [deg] C to -50 [deg] C'' should be specified as ``-40 [deg] 
C to 50 [deg] C.'' In the NPRM, we proposed to revise paragraph (b)(1) 
to correct this error. We did not receive any comments opposing this 
amendment; therefore, we are adopting it as proposed.

T. MC 331 Cargo Tanks (Sec. Sec.  178.337-9, 178.337-10)

    Section 178.337-9 establishes requirements for pressure relief 
devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings on MC 331 specification 
cargo tanks. Paragraph (b)(8) requires angle valves used on cargo tanks 
intended for chlorine service to conform to the Chlorine Institute Dwg. 
104-8. In response to petitions for rulemaking from the Chlorine 
Institute (P-1444) and Midland Manufacturing Corporation (P-1448), we 
proposed, in the NPRM, to revise paragraph (b)(8) to incorporate the 
Chlorine Institute's ``Section 3, Pamphlet 166 Angle Valve Guidelines 
for Chlorine Bulk Transportation, 1st Edition,'' dated October 2002, to 
authorize the use of an alternative angle valve for cargo tanks that 
transport chlorine. We did not receive any comments opposing this 
amendment; therefore, we are adopting it as proposed.
    Section 178.337-10 establishes accident damage protection 
requirements for MC 331 specification cargo tanks. The Chlorine 
Institute petitioned PHMSA (P-1444) to update the references to the 
Chlorine Institute's drawings 137-1 and 137-2 entitled ``Standards for 
Housing and Manway Covers for Steel Cargo Tanks,'' dated September 1, 
1982, by replacing them with the Chlorine Institute's drawing 137-5 
entitled ``Typical Manway Arrangement Chlorine Cargo Tank,'' dated 
November 1996. In the NPRM, we proposed to revise paragraph (d) to 
remove the Chlorine Institute's drawings 137-1 and 137-2, and replace 
them with the Chlorine Institute's updated drawing 137-5. We did not 
receive any comments opposing this amendment; therefore, we are 
adopting it as proposed.

U. Office of Hazardous Materials Enforcement Investigator (Sec.  
107.305)

    Section 107.305 specifies the authority of the PHMSA Office of 
Hazardous Materials Enforcement (OHME) to initiate and conduct 
investigations. This section also details the authority of each OHME 
inspector in relation to the process of conducting

[[Page 4709]]

investigations and inspections. For clarity, we are revising several 
paragraphs in this section to replace the term ``inspector'' with the 
term ``investigator.'' This will help reduce confusion since the term 
``inspector'' is used in other areas of the HMR with a different 
meaning.

V. Minor Editorial Correction (Sec.  172.704)

    In Sec.  172.704, at paragraph (a)(2)(ii), a reference to obsolete 
``Sec. Sec.  171.11 and 171.12'' is corrected to read ``Sec. Sec.  
171.22 through 171.25.''

IV. Sunset Provision

    In the NPRM, we requested comments on whether certain amendments 
should be tied to a sunset provision. We received two comments (Hsiu 
and Shell Chemical) opposing inclusion of a sunset provision. We agree 
that such a provision is not appropriate for this rulemaking and, 
accordingly, are not including a sunset provision in this final rule.

V. Regulatory Analyses and Notices

A. Statutory/Legal Authority for This Rulemaking

    This final rule is published under authority of Federal hazardous 
materials transportation law (Federal hazmat law; 49 U.S.C. 5101 et 
seq.). Section 5103(b) of Federal hazmat law authorizes the Secretary 
of Transportation to prescribe regulations for the safe transportation, 
including security, of hazardous materials in intrastate, interstate, 
and foreign commerce.

B. Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

    This final rule is not considered a significant regulatory action 
under section 3(f) Executive Order 12866 and, therefore, was not 
reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The final rule 
is not considered a significant rule under the Regulatory Policies and 
Procedures order issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation (44 FR 
11034).
    In this final rule, we are amending the HMR to clarify and relax 
overly burdensome requirements. We are also responding to requests from 
industry associations, including the Chlorine Institute and Compressed 
Gas Association, to add references and update standards that are 
incorporated in the HMR. PHMSA believes the final rule will yield net 
economic benefits by enhancing the clarity of the HMR, thereby 
increasing compliance while reducing compliance costs. Further, the 
creation of an exception to the HMR for small quantities of certain 
hazardous materials (less than 1 gram for solids and less than 1 
milliliter for liquids), and clarification that household wastes are 
not subject to the HMR, will reduce packaging and compliance costs to 
the regulated community. This final rule also updates the HMR to 
incorporate the most recent editions of industry consensus standards. 
Incorporation by reference of recognized standards and materials 
reduces the regulatory burden on persons who offer or transport 
hazardous materials in commerce.
    The major implementation cost associated with adoption of this 
final rule relates to our addition of a new shipping name and UN number 
for fuel blends composed of ethanol (``ethyl alcohol'') and gasoline in 
various concentrations. For these materials, we are adding a new entry 
``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and motor spirit or Ethanol 
and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 3, UN3475, II'' to the 
HMT. The new shipping name and UN number will help emergency responders 
utilize the most effective procedures for incidents involving ethanol/
gasoline blends.
    Ethanol/gasoline blends currently are transported primarily by 
motor vehicle. Adoption of the new shipping name and ID number will 
necessitate remarking of cargo tank motor vehicles used to transport 
ethanol/gasoline fuel blends. Commenters to the NPRM suggested that 
these costs could amount to $600 per cargo tank for a multi-
compartmented vehicle. As discussed in detail above, we believe that 
commenters have over-stated potential compliance costs associated with 
remarking cargo tank motor vehicles. However, to minimize the cost of 
transitioning to the new shipping name and UN number, we are providing 
a two-year transition period, during which the currently authorized 
shipping name and UN number for ethanol/gasoline fuel blends may 
continue to be used. This extended transition period will provide 
companies with sufficient time to plan for and implement the changes in 
an orderly and deliberate fashion.
    To further offset potential costs, we are allowing for ethanol and 
gasoline blends with not more than 5 percent petroleum products and 
described as ``Denatured alcohol'' or ``Alcohols, n.o.s.'' to continue 
to be marked with the identification number ``1987'' instead of 
``3475.'' Thus, shippers and carriers of these ethanol/gasoline blends 
will incur no compliance costs associated with adoption of this final 
rule.
    We estimate that the costs associated with remarking cargo tanks 
used to transport ethanol/fuel blends will range from $4 to $15 per 
cargo tank motor vehicle. There are approximately 30,000 cargo tank 
motor vehicles used to transport gasoline and related products. 
Assuming that half of these vehicles will need to be remarked with the 
UN identification number for ethanol/gasoline blends, the total costs 
to the affected industry will range from $60,000 (15,000 vehicles x $4) 
to $225,000 (15,000 vehicles x $15). We believe that these costs will 
be more than offset by the public safety benefits of more effective and 
efficient emergency response to transportation incidents involving 
ethanol/gasoline shipments. As explained above, use of the new name and 
ID number will facilitate rapid deployment of emergency response 
measures and materials best suited to these incidents.

C. Executive Order 13132

    This final rule was analyzed in accordance with the principles and 
criteria contained in Executive Order 13132 (``Federalism''). This 
final rule preempts State, local and Indian tribe requirements but does 
not implement any regulation that has substantial direct effects on the 
States, the relationship between the national government and the 
states, or the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 
various levels of government. Therefore, the consultation and funding 
requirements of Executive Order 13132 do not apply.
    The Federal hazmat law (49 U.S.C. 5125(b)) expressly preempts 
State, local, and Indian tribe requirements on certain covered 
subjects. Covered subjects are:
    (i) The designation, description, and classification of hazardous 
materials;
    (ii) The packing, repacking, handling, labeling, marking, and 
placarding of hazardous materials;
    (iii) The preparation, execution, and use of shipping documents 
related to hazardous materials and requirements related to the number, 
content, and placement of those documents;
    (iv) The written notification, recording, and reporting of the 
unintentional release in transportation of hazardous materials; or
    (v) The design, manufacture, fabrication, marking, maintenance, 
reconditioning, repair, or testing of a packaging or container which is 
represented, marked, certified, or sold as qualified for use in the 
transport of hazardous materials.
    This final rule concerns the classification, packaging, marking, 
labeling, and handling of hazardous materials, among other covered 
subjects. This final rule preempts any State, local,

[[Page 4710]]

or Indian tribe requirements concerning these subjects unless the non-
Federal requirements are ``substantively the same'' (see 49 CFR 
107.202(d)) as the Federal requirements.
    Federal hazmat law provides that if PHMSA issues a regulation 
concerning any of the covered subjects, PHMSA must determine and 
publish in the Federal Register the effective date of Federal 
preemption (49 U.S.C. 5125(b)(2)). That effective date may not be 
earlier than the 90th day following the date of issuance of the final 
rule and not later than two years after the date of issuance. The 
effective date of Federal preemption is 90 days from publication of 
this final rule.

D. Executive Order 13175

    This final rule has been analyzed in accordance with the principles 
and criteria contained in Executive Order 13175 (``Consultation and 
Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments''). Because this rule does 
not have tribal implications, does not impose substantial direct 
compliance costs on Indian tribal governments, and does not preempt 
tribal law, the funding and consultation requirements of Executive 
Order 13175 do not apply, and a tribal summary impact statement is not 
required.

E. Regulatory Flexibility Act, Executive Order 13272, and DOT 
Procedures and Policies

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires an 
agency to review regulations to assess their impact on small entities. 
An agency must conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis unless it 
determines and certifies that a rule is not expected to have a 
significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. This 
final rule amends provisions in the HMR based on petitions for 
rulemaking and PHMSA initiatives. These amendments are intended to 
update, clarify or provide relief from certain regulatory requirements. 
While maintaining safety, it relaxes certain requirements that are 
overly burdensome and updates references to consensus standards that 
are incorporated in the HMR. The changes are generally intended to 
provide relief to shippers, carriers, and packaging manufacturers, 
including small entities. The major implementation cost associated with 
adoption of this final rule relates to our addition of a new shipping 
name and UN number for fuel blends composed of ethanol (``ethyl 
alcohol'') and gasoline in various concentrations. For these materials, 
we are adding a new entry ``Ethanol and gasoline mixture or Ethanol and 
motor spirit or Ethanol and petrol mixture, with more than 10% ethanol, 
3, UN3475, II'' to the HMT. The new shipping name and UN number will 
help emergency responders utilize the most effective procedures for 
incidents involving ethanol/gasoline blends.
    Ethanol/gasoline blends currently are transported primarily by 
motor vehicle. Adoption of the new shipping name and ID number will 
necessitate remarking of cargo tank motor vehicles used to transport 
ethanol/gasoline fuel blends. Commenters to the NPRM suggested that 
these costs could amount to $600 per cargo tank for a multi-
compartmented vehicle. As discussed in detail above, we believe that 
commenters have over-stated potential compliance costs associated with 
remarking cargo tank motor vehicles. However, to minimize the cost of 
transitioning to the new shipping name and UN number, we are providing 
a two-year transition period, during which the currently authorized 
shipping name and UN number for ethanol/gasoline fuel blends may 
continue to be used. This extended transition period will provide 
companies with sufficient time to plan for and implement the changes in 
an orderly and deliberate fashion.
    To further offset potential costs, we are allowing for ethanol and 
gasoline blends with not more than 5 percent petroleum products and 
described as ``Denatured alcohol'' or ``Alcohols, n.o.s.'' to continue 
to be marked with the identification number ``1987'' instead of 
``3475.'' Thus, shippers and carriers of these ethanol/gasoline blends 
will incur no compliance costs associated with adoption of this final 
rule.
    We estimate that the costs associated with remarking cargo tanks 
used to transport ethanol/fuel blends will range from $4 to $15 per 
cargo tank motor vehicle. There are approximately 30,000 cargo tank 
motor vehicles used to transport gasoline and related products. 
Assuming that half of these vehicles will need to be remarked with the 
UN identification number for ethanol/gasoline blends, the total costs 
to the industry associated with this provision of the final rule will 
range from $60,000 (15,000 vehicles x $4) to $225,000 (15,000 vehicles 
x $15). We believe that these costs will be more than offset by the 
emergency response benefits that will result from adoption of the new 
shipping name and UN number. As indicated above, the new name and ID 
number will help emergency responders utilize the most effective 
response procedures for incidents involving ethanol/gasoline blends. 
More effective emergency response techniques reduce the time required 
to handle an incident and, thus, the costs associated with the 
incident.
    This final rule has been developed in accordance with Executive 
Order 13272 (``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency 
Rulemaking'') and DOT's procedures and policies to promote compliance 
with the Regulatory Flexibility Act to ensure that potential impacts of 
rules on small entities are properly considered.

F. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This proposed rule does not impose any new information collection 
requirements.

G. Regulation Identifier Number (RIN)

    A regulation identifier number (RIN) is assigned to each regulatory 
action listed in the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulations. The 
Regulatory Information Service Center publishes the Unified Agenda in 
April and October of each year. The RIN number contained in the heading 
of this document can be used to cross-reference this action with the 
Unified Agenda.

H. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    This final rule does not impose unfunded mandates under the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. Sec. Sec.  1532-1538). 
It does not result in costs of $120.7 million or more to either State, 
local, or tribal governments, in the aggregate, or to the private 
sector, and is the least burdensome alternative that achieves the 
objective of the rule.

I. Environmental Assessment

    The National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. Sec. Sec.  4321-
4375) requires that Federal agencies analyze proposed actions to 
determine whether the action will have a significant impact on the 
human environment. The Counsel on Environmental Quality (CEQ) 
regulations order Federal agencies to conduct an environmental review 
considering (1) the need for the proposed action (2) alternatives to 
the proposed action (3) probable environmental impacts of the proposed 
action and alternatives and (4) the agencies and persons consulted 
during the consideration process. 40 CFR 1508.9(b).
1. Purpose and Need
    PHMSA is making miscellaneous amendments to the HMR based on 
petitions for rulemaking and PHMSA's own initiatives. The amendments 
are intended to update, clarify, or provide

[[Page 4711]]

relief from certain existing regulatory requirements to promote safer 
transportation practices; eliminate unnecessary regulatory 
requirements; resolve outstanding petitions for rulemaking; facilitate 
international commerce; and make these requirements easier to 
understand.
2. Alternatives
    In developing this proposed rule, we considered two alternatives:
    (1) Do nothing.
    (2) Propose revisions to the HMR based on petitions for rulemaking 
and PHMSA initiatives.
Alternative 1
    Because our goal is to facilitate uniformity, compliance, commerce 
and safety in the transportation of hazardous materials, we rejected 
this alternative.
Alternative 2
    Many of the industry standards currently incorporated by reference 
have been revised and updated to incorporate new technology and 
methodology. Proposed changes would relax requirements in certain 
instances while still ensuring safety, clarify regulatory requirements, 
and make the regulatory provisions more consistent--all in furtherance 
of the safe transportation of hazardous materials in commerce.
3. Analysis of Environmental Impacts
    Hazardous materials are transported by aircraft, vessel, rail, and 
highway. The potential for environmental damage or contamination exists 
when packages of hazardous materials are involved in accidents or en 
route incidents resulting from cargo shifts, valve failures, package 
failures, or loading, unloading, or handling problems. The ecosystems 
that could be affected by a release include air, water, soil, and 
ecological resources (for example, wildlife habitats). The adverse 
environmental impacts associated with releases of most hazardous 
materials are short-term impacts that can be greatly reduced or 
eliminated through prompt clean up of the accident scene. Most 
hazardous materials are not transported in quantities sufficient to 
cause significant, long-term environmental damage if they are released.
    The hazardous material regulatory system is a risk management 
system that is prevention-oriented and focused on identifying a hazard 
and reducing the probability and quantity of a hazardous material 
release. Making the regulatory provisions in the HMR clearer and more 
consistent with international transportation and industry standards 
will promote compliance and thereby enhance the safe transportation of 
hazardous materials and the protection of the environment. Updating the 
references to industry standards enhances safety an environmental 
protection by recognizing the use of new technologies. Our proposal to 
relax certain regulatory requirements is based on PHMSA's experience, 
review, and determination that the changes are consistent with safety. 
Neither the ``do nothing'' alternative nor the action alternative would 
result in any significant impacts on the environment.
4. Consultations and Public Comment
    Various modal agencies, including FAA, FMCSA, FRA, and the USCG 
were consulted and participated in the notice and comment process. A 
listing of the commenters is specified in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 
section under ``Background.'' No commenters addressed the potential 
environmental impacts of the proposals in the NPRM.
5. Decision about the Degree of Environmental Impact
    PHMSA finds that the selected alternative will not have a 
significant impact on the human environment.

J. Privacy Act.

    Anyone is able to search the electronic form of any written 
communications and comments received into any of our dockets by the 
name of the individual submitting the document (or signing the 
document, if submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor 
union, etc.). You may review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in 
the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477) or you 
may visit http://dms.dot.gov.

List of Subjects

49 CFR Part 107

    Hazardous material programs, Registration, Approvals, Enforcement.

49 CFR Part 171

    Exports, Hazardous materials transportation, Hazardous waste, 
Imports, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

49 CFR Part 172

    Education, Hazardous materials transportation, Hazardous waste, 
Incorporation by Reference, Labeling, Markings, Packaging and 
containers, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

49 CFR Part 173

    Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by Reference, 
Packaging and containers, Radioactive materials, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Uranium.

49 CFR Part 175

    Hazardous materials transportation, Air carriers, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

49 CFR Part 177

    Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference, 
Motor carriers, Segregation requirements, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

49 CFR Part 178

    Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference, 
Motor vehicle safety, Packaging and containers, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

49 CFR Part 180

    Hazardous materials transportation, Incorporation by reference, 
Motor carriers, Motor vehicle safety, Packaging and containers, 
Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.


0
In consideration of the foregoing, we are amending 49 CFR Chapter I as 
follows:

PART 107--HAZARDOUS MATERIALS PROGRAM PROCEDURES

0
The authority citation for part 107 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5127, 44701; Pub. L. 101-410 section 4 
(28 U.S.C. 2461 note); Pub. L. 104-134, section 31001; 49 CFR 1.45, 
1.53.


0
2. In Sec.  107.305, paragraph (b) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  107.305  Investigations.

* * * * *
    (b) Investigations and Inspections. Investigations under 49 U.S.C. 
5121(a) are conducted by personnel duly authorized for that purpose by 
the Associate Administrator. Inspections under 49 U.S.C. 5121(c) are 
conducted by Hazardous Materials Enforcement Specialists or Hazardous 
Materials Compliance Investigators, also known as ``hazmat 
investigators'' or ``investigators,'' whom the Associate Administrator 
has designated for that purpose.
    (1) An investigator will, on request, present his or her 
credentials for examination, but the credentials may not be reproduced.

[[Page 4712]]

    (2) An investigator may administer oaths and receive affirmations 
in any matter under investigation by the Associate Administrator.
    (3) An investigator may gather information by reasonable means 
including, but not limited to, interviews, statements, photocopying, 
photography, and video- and audio-recording.
    (4) With concurrence of the Director, Office of Hazardous Materials 
Enforcement, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, an 
investigator may issue a subpoena for the production of documentary or 
other tangible evidence if, on the basis of information available to 
the investigator, the documents and evidence materially will advance a 
determination of compliance with this subchapter or subchapter C. 
Service of a subpoena shall be in accordance with Sec.  105.50. A 
person to whom a subpoena is directed may seek review of the subpoena 
by applying to the Office of Chief Counsel in accordance with Sec.  
105.55(a). A subpoena issued under this paragraph may be enforced in 
accordance with Sec.  105.55(b).
* * * * *

PART 171--GENERAL INFORMATION, REGULATIONS, AND DEFINITIONS

0
3. The authority citation for part 171 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.45 and 1.53; 
Pub. L. 101-410 section 4 (28 U.S.C. 2461 note); Pub. L. 104-134, 
section 31001.


0
4. In Sec.  171.4, paragraph (c) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  171.4  Marine Pollutants.

* * * * *
    (c) Exceptions. Except when all or part of the transportation is by 
vessel, the requirements of this subchapter specific to marine 
pollutants do not apply to non-bulk packagings transported by motor 
vehicle, rail car or aircraft.

0
5. In Sec.  171.7, in the paragraph (a)(3) table, the following 
amendments are made:
    a. Under the entry ``Chlorine Institute, Inc.,'' the entry ``Type 
1\1/2\ JQ 225, Dwg., H51970, Revision D April 5, 1989; or Type 1\1/2\ 
JQ 225, Dwg. H50155, Revision F, April 4, 1989'' is revised;
    b. Under the entry ``Chlorine Institute, Inc.,'' the entry 
``Section 3, Pamphlet 57, Emergency Shut-Off Systems for Bulk Transfer 
of Chlorine, 3rd Edition, October 1997'' is revised;
    c. Under the entry ``Chlorine Institute, Inc.,'' the entry 
``Section 3, Pamphlet 166 Angle Valve Guidelines for Chlorine Bulk 
Transportation, 1st Edition, October 2002'' is added;
    d. Under the entry ``Chlorine Institute, Inc.,'' the entry 
``Typical Manway Arrangement Chlorine Cargo Tank, Dwg. 137-5, November 
1996'' is added;
    e. Under the entry ``Chlorine Institute, Inc.,'' the entry 
``Standards for Housing and Manway Covers for Steel Cargo Tanks, Dwgs. 
137-1 and 137-2, September 1, 1982'' is removed;
    f. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA Pamphlet C-5 Cylinder Service Life--Seamless Steel High Pressure 
Cylinders, 1991'' is revised;
    g. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA Pamphlet C-7, A Guide for the Preparation of Precautionary 
Markings of Compressed Gas Containers, appendix A, issued 1992 (6th 
Edition)'' is revised;
    h. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA Pamphlet S-1.1, Pressure Relief Device Standards--Part 1--
Cylinders for Compressed Gases, 2001 (with the exception of paragraph 
9.1.1.1), Ninth Edition'' is removed;
    i. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA Pamphlet S-1.1, Pressure Relief Device Standards--Part 1--
Cylinders for Compressed Gases, 2003 (with the exception of paragraph 
9.1.1.1), Eleventh Edition'' is removed;
    j. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA S-1.1, Pressure Relief Device Standards--Part 1--Cylinders for 
Compressed Gases, 2005 (with the exception of paragraph 9.1.1.1), 
Twelfth Edition'' is added;
    k. Under the entry ``Compressed Gas Association, Inc.,'' the entry 
``CGA Pamphlet S-7, Method for Selecting Pressure Relief Devices for 
Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders, 1996'' is revised;
    l. Under the entry ``International Organization for 
Standardization,'' the entry ``ISO 7225, Gas cylinders--Precautionary 
labels, First Edition, November 1994, (Corrected and reprinted August 
1995), (E)'' is revised; and
    m. In paragraph (b), a new entry ``Compressed Gas Association, 
Inc.,'' 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor, Chantilly, Virginia 20151, ``C-
1.1--Personnel Training and Certification Guidelines for Cylinder 
Requalification By the Volumetric Expansion, issued 2004 (1st 
Edition)'' is added in alphabetical order.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  171.7  Reference material.

    (a) * * *
    (3) Table of material incorporated by reference. * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Source and name of material               49 CFR reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chlorine Institute, Inc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              * * * * * * *
Type 1\1/2\ JQ 225, Dwg., H51970, Revision F,                    173.315
 November 1996; or Type 1\1/2\ JQ 225, Dwg.
 H50155, Revision H, November 1996................
Section 3, Pamphlet 57, Emergency Shut-Off Systems               177.840
 for Bulk Transfer of Chlorine, Edition 4, October
 2003.............................................
Section 3, Pamphlet 166, Angle Valve Guidelines                178.337-9
 for Chlorine Bulk Transportation, 1st Edition,
 October 2002.....................................

                              * * * * * * *
Typical Manway Arrangement Chlorine Cargo Tank,               178.337-10
 Dwg 137-5, November 1996.........................


[[Page 4713]]


                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compressed Gas Association, Inc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              * * * * * * *
CGA C-5, Cylinder Service Life--Seamless Steel                  173.302a
 High Pressure Cylinders, 1991 (reaffirmed 1995)..

                              * * * * * * *
CGA C-7, Guide to Preparation of Precautionary                  172.400a
 Labeling and Marking of Compressed Gas
 Containers, Appendix A, issued 2004 (8th Edition)

                              * * * * * * *
CGA S-1.1, Pressure Relief Device Standards--Part      173.301, 173.304a
 1--Cylinders for Compressed Gases, 2005 (with the                178.75
 exception of paragraph 9.1.1.1), Twelfth Edition.

                              * * * * * * *
CGA S-7, Method for Selecting Pressure Relief                    173.301
 Devices for Compressed Gas Mixtures in Cylinders,
 2005.............................................

                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
International Organization for Standardization
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              * * * * * * *
ISO 7225, Gas cylinders--Precautionary labels,                    178.71
 Second Edition, July 2005, (E)...................

                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) List of informational materials not requiring incorporation by 
reference.
    * * *


------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Source and name of material               49 CFR reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compressed Gas Association, Inc., 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor,
 Chantilly, Virginia 20151
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CGA C-1.1, Personnel Training and Certification                  180.209
 Guidelines for Cylinder Requalification By the
 Volumetric Expansion Method, 2004, First Edition.

                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------


0
6. In Sec.  171.8, a new definition for ``Household waste'' is added in 
alphabetical order to read as follows:


Sec.  171.8  Definitions and abbreviations.

* * * * *
    Household waste means any solid waste (including garbage, trash, 
and sanitary waste from septic tanks) derived from households 
(including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels, 
bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic 
grounds, and day-use recreation areas). This term is not applicable to 
consolidated shipments of household hazardous materials transported 
from collection centers. A collection center is a central location 
where household waste is collected.
* * * * *

0
7. In Sec.  171.14, a new paragraph (h) is added to read as follows:


Sec.  171.14  Transitional provisions for implementing certain 
requirements.

* * * * *
    (h) The proper shipping name ``Gasohol gasoline mixed with ethyl 
alcohol, with not more than 20 percent alcohol'' in effect on January 
28, 2008, may continue to be used until October 1, 2010.

PART 172--HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TABLE, SPECIAL PROVISIONS, HAZARDOUS 
MATERIALS COMMUNICATIONS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE INFORMATION, AND 
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

0
8. The authority citation for part 172 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.45 and 1.53.

0
9. In Sec.  172.101, the Hazardous Materials Table is amended by 
removing, adding and revising, in the appropriate alphabetical 
sequence, the following entries to read as follows:

[[Page 4714]]



                                                                                               Sec.   172.101.--Hazardous Materials Table
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       Hazardous                                                                                                 (8)  Packaging  (Sec.   173.***)           (9)  Quantity  limitations         (10)  Vessel  stowage
                       materials        Hazard                                                               Special     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Symbols       descriptions and    class or     Identification          PG           Label codes        provisions
                    proper shipping    division        numbers                                                (Sec.         Exceptions       Non-bulk          Bulk          Passenger    Cargo aircraft     Location          Other
                         names                                                                               172.102)                                                      aircraft/rail       only
(1)               (2)...............         (3)  (4)..............  (5)............  (6)..............  (7)............  (8A)..........  (8B)..........  (8C)..........  (9A)..........  (9B)..........  (10A).........  (10B)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  [REMOVE:]

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Gas generator              2.2  .................  ...............  2.2..............  ...............  None..........  335...........  None..........  75 kg.........  150 kg........  A.............
                   assemblies
                   (aircraft),
                   containing a
                   nonflammable non-
                   toxic gas and a
                   propellant
                   cartridge.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
D...............  Gasohol gasoline             3  NA1203...........  II.............  3................  144............  150...........  202...........  242...........  5 L...........  60............  E.............
                   mixed with ethyl
                   alcohol, with not
                   more than 20
                   percent alcohol.
                  Gasoline..........           3  UN1203...........  II.............  3................  144, B1, B33,    150...........  202...........  242...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  E.............
                                                                                                          T8.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Hydrazine, aqueous           8  UN2030...........  I..............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, T10,   None..........  201...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  2.5 L.........  D.............  40, 52
                   solution, with                                                                         TP2, TP13.
                   more than 37%
                   hydrazine, by
                   mass.
                                                                     II.............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB2,   None..........  202...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  30 L..........  D.............  40, 52
                                                                                                          T7, TP2, TP13.
                                                                     III............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB3,   154...........  203...........  241...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  D.............  40, 52
                                                                                                          T4, TP2.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Hydrazine aqueous            8  UN2030...........  I..............  8, 6.1...........  151, B16, B53,   None..........  201...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  2.5 L.........  D.............  40
                   solution, with                                                                         T10, TP2, TP13.
                   more than 37%
                   hydrazine, by
                   mass.
                                                                     II.............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB2,   None..........  202...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  30 L..........  D.............  40
                                                                                                          T7, TP2, TP13.
                                                                     III............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB3,   154...........  203...........  241...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  D.............  40
                                                                                                          T4, TP1.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  [ADD:]


[[Page 4715]]


                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Ethanol and                  3  UN3475...........  II.............  3................  144, 177, IB2,   150...........  202...........  242...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  E.............
                   gasoline mixture                                                                       T4, TP1.
                   or Ethanol and
                   motor spirit
                   mixture or
                   Ethanol and
                   petrol mixture,
                   with more than
                   10% ethanol.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
D...............  Gasohol gasoline             3  NA1203...........  II.............  3................  144............  150...........  202...........  242...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  E.............
                   mixed with ethyl
                   alcohol, with not
                   more than 10%
                   alcohol.
                  Gasoline includes            3  UN1203...........  II.............  3................  144, B1, B33,    50............  202...........  242...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  E.............
                   gasoline mixed                                                                         T8.
                   with ethyl
                   alcohol, with not
                   more than 10%
                   alcohol.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Hydrazine aqueous            8  UN2030...........  I..............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, T10,   None..........  201...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  2.5 L.........  D.............  40, 52
                   solution, with                                                                         TP2, TP13.
                   more than 37%
                   hydrazine, by
                   mass.
                                                                     II.............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB2,   None..........  202...........  243...........  Forbidden.....  30 L..........  D.............  40, 52
                                                                                                          T7, TP2, TP13.
                                                                     III............  8, 6.1...........  B16, B53, IB3,   154...........  203...........  241...........  5 L...........  60 L..........  D.............  40, 52
                                                                                                          T4, TP1.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Polyamines,
                   flammable,
                   corrosive, n.o.s.
                   see Amines,
                   flammable,
                   corrosive, n.o.s.
                  Polyamines,
                   liquid,
                   corrosive, n.o.s.
                   see Amines,
                   liquid,
                   corrosive, n.o.s.
                  Polyamines,
                   liquid,
                   corrosive,
                   flammable, n.o.s.
                   see Amines,
                   liquid,
                   corrosive,
                   flammable, n.o.s.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  [REVISE:]

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
                  Radioactive                  7  UN2915...........  ...............  7................  A56, W7, W8....  None..........  415, 418, 419.  415, 418, 419.  ..............  ..............  A.............  95, 130
                   material, Type A
                   package non-
                   special form, non
                   fissile or
                   fissile-excepted.

                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
A...............  Sodium aluminate,            8  UN2812...........  III............  8................  IB8, IP3, T1,    154...........  213...........  240...........  25 kg.........  100 kg........  A.............
                   solid.                                                                                 TP33.
                                                                                                              * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 4716]]

* * * * *


0
10. In Sec.  172.102, in paragraph (c)(1), Special provision 177 is 
added and in paragraph (c)(3), Special provision B69 is revised to read 
as follows.


Sec.  172.102  Special provisions.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    Code/Special Provisions
* * * * *
    177 Ethanol and gasoline mixtures for use in spark-ignition engines 
(e.g., in automobiles, stationary engines and other engines) must be 
assigned to this entry regardless of variations in volatility.
* * * * *
    (3) * * *
    Code/Special Provisions
* * * * *
    B69 Dry sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide may be shipped in the 
following sift-proof and weather-resistant packagings: metal covered 
hopper cars, covered motor vehicles, portable tanks, or non-
specification bins.
* * * * *

0
11. In Sec.  172.203, paragraph (l)(4) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  172.203  Additional description requirements.

* * * * *
    (l) * * *
    (4) Except when all or part of transportation is by vessel, marine 
pollutants in non-bulk packagings are not subject to the requirements 
of paragraphs (l)(1) and (l)(2) of this section (see Sec.  171.4 of 
this subchapter).
* * * * *

0
12. In Sec.  172.315, a new paragraph (c) is added as follows:


Sec.  172.315  Packages containing limited quantities.

* * * * *
    (c) As applicable, the letters ``RQ'' must be marked in association 
with the square-on-point border containing the identification (ID) 
number.

0
13. Section 172.324, is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  172.324  Hazardous substances in non-bulk packagings.

    For each non-bulk package that contains a hazardous substance--
    (a) Except for packages of radioactive material labeled in 
accordance with Sec.  172.403, if the proper shipping name of a 
material that is a hazardous substance does not identify the hazardous 
substance by name, or if the package contains a limited quantity marked 
in accordance with Sec.  172.315, the name of the hazardous substance 
must be marked on the package, in parentheses, in association with the 
proper shipping name or the identification number as applicable. If the 
material contains two or more hazardous substances, at least two 
hazardous substances, including the two with the lowest reportable 
quantities (RQs), must be identified. For a hazardous waste, the waste 
code (e.g., D001), if appropriate, may be used to identify the 
hazardous substance.
    (b) The letters ``RQ'' must be marked on the package in association 
with the proper shipping name or the identification number displayed in 
accordance with Sec.  172.315.

0
14. In Sec.  172.336, paragraph (c)(4) is revised, paragraph (c)(6) is 
redesignated as paragraph (c)(7) and a new paragraph (c)(6) is added to 
read as follows:


Sec.  172.336  Identification numbers; special provisions.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (4) For each of the different liquid petroleum distillate fuels, 
including gasoline and gasohol, in a compartmented cargo tank or tank 
car, if the identification number is displayed for the distillate fuel 
having the lowest flash point. After October 1, 2010, if a 
compartmented cargo tank or tank car contains such fuels together with 
a gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent 
ethanol, the identification number ``3475'' or ``1987'' must also be 
displayed as appropriate in addition to the identification number for 
the liquid petroleum distillate fuel having the lowest flash point.
* * * * *
    (6) For each of the different liquid petroleum distillate fuels, 
including gasoline and gasohol, transported in a cargo tank, if the 
identification number is displayed for the liquid petroleum distillate 
fuel having the lowest flash point. After October 1, 2010, if a cargo 
tank is used to transport a gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing 
more than ten percent ethanol, the identification number ``3475'' must 
also be displayed in addition to the identification number for the 
liquid petroleum distillate fuel having the lowest flash point.
* * * * *

0
15. In Sec.  172.400a, paragraph (a)(1)(ii) is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  172.400a  Exceptions from labeling.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) Durably and legibly marked in accordance with CGA C-7, 
Appendix A (IBR; see Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter).
* * * * *

0
16. In Sec.  172.406, paragraphs (e)(4) and (e)(5) are revised and a 
new paragraph (e)(6) is added to read as follows:


Sec.  172.406  Placement of labels.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (4) Each portable tank of less than 3,785 L (1000 gallons) 
capacity;
    (5) Each freight container or aircraft unit load device having a 
volume of 1.8 m\3\ (64 cubic feet) or more, but less than 18 m\3\ (640 
cubic feet). One of each required label must be displayed on or near 
the closure; and
    (6) An IBC having a volume of 1.8 m\3\ (64 cubic feet) or more.
* * * * *


Sec.  172.704  [Amended]

0
17. In Sec.  172.704, in paragraph (a)(2)(ii), the wording ``Sec. Sec.  
171.11 and 171.12 of this subchapter'' is correctly revised to read 
``Sec. Sec.  171.22 through 171.25 of this subchapter''.

PART 173--SHIPPERS--GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIPMENTS AND 
PACKAGINGS

0
18. The authority citation for part 173 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.45 and 1.53.


0
19. In Sec.  173.4, a new paragraph (e) is added to read as follows:


Sec.  173.4  Small quantity exceptions.

* * * * *
    (e) Packing Group II and III materials in Class 3, Division 4.1, 
Division 4.2, Division 4.3, Division 5.1, Division 6.1, Class 8, and 
Class 9 do not meet the definition of a hazardous material in Sec.  
171.8 of this subchapter when packaged in accordance with this 
paragraph (e) and, therefore, are not subject to the requirements of 
this subchapter.
    (1) The maximum quantity of material per inner receptacle or 
article is limited to--
    (i) One (1) mL (0.03 ounce) for authorized liquids; and
    (ii) One (1) g (0.04 ounce) for authorized solid materials;
    (2) Each inner receptacle with a removable closure has its closure 
held securely in place with wire, tape, or other positive means;
    (3) Unless equivalent cushioning and absorbent material surrounds 
the inside packaging, each inner receptacle is securely packed in an 
inside packaging

[[Page 4717]]

with cushioning and absorbent material that:
    (i) Will not react chemically with the material, and
    (ii) Is capable of absorbing the entire contents (if a liquid) of 
the receptacle;
    (4) The inside packaging is securely packed in a strong outside 
packaging;
    (5) The completed package is capable of sustaining--
    (i) Each of the following free drops made from a height of 1.8 m 
(5.9 feet) directly onto a solid unyielding surface without breakage or 
leakage from any inner receptacle and without a substantial reduction 
in the effectiveness of the package:
    (A) One drop flat on bottom;
    (B) One drop flat on top;
    (C) One drop flat on the long side;
    (D) One drop flat on the short side; and
    (E) One drop on a corner at the junction of three intersecting 
edges; and
    (ii) A compressive load as specified in Sec.  178.606(c) of this 
subchapter.Each of the tests in this paragraph (e)(5) may be performed 
on a different but identical package; that is, all tests need not be 
performed on the same package.
    (6) Placement of the material in the package or packing different 
materials in the package does not result in a violation of Sec.  
173.21;
    (7) The aggregate quantity of hazardous material per package does 
not exceed 100 g (0.22 pounds) for solids or 100 mL (3.38 ounces) for 
liquids;
    (8) The gross mass of the completed package does not exceed 29 kg 
(64 pounds);
    (9) The package is not opened or otherwise altered until it is no 
longer in commerce; and
    (10) For transportation by aircraft:
    (i) The hazardous material is authorized to be carried aboard 
passenger-carrying aircraft in Column 9A of the Sec.  172.101 Hazardous 
Materials Table;
    (ii) The hazardous material may not be carried in checked or carry-
on baggage.

0
20. In Sec.  173.5, paragraph (b)(2) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  173.5  Agricultural operations.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) The total amount of agricultural product being transported on a 
single motor vehicle does not exceed:
    (i) 7,300 kg (16,094 lbs.) of ammonium nitrate fertilizer properly 
classed as Division 5.1, PG III, in a bulk packaging, or
    (ii) 1900 L (502 gallons) for liquids or gases, or 2,300 kg (5,070 
lbs.) for solids, of any other agricultural product;
* * * * *

0
21. In Sec.  173.12, paragraph (e)(1)(ii) is revised and a new 
paragraph (f) added to read as follows:


Sec.  173.12  Exceptions for shipment of waste materials.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) The acids must be packaged in lab packs in accordance with 
paragraph (b) of this section or in authorized single packagings not 
exceeding 208 L (55 gallons) capacity;
* * * * *
    (f) Household waste. Household waste, as defined in Sec.  171.8 of 
this subchapter, is not subject to the requirements of this subchapter.

0
22. In Sec.  173.22, paragraph (b) is added to read as follows:


Sec.  173.22  Shipper's responsibility.

* * * * *
    (b) No person may offer a motor carrier any hazardous material 
specified in 49 CFR 385.403 unless that motor carrier holds a safety 
permit issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.
* * * * *

0
*COM048*23. In Sec.  173.24, paragraph (g)(1) is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  173.24  General requirements for packagings and packages.

* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (1) Except for shipments of cryogenic liquids as specified in Sec.  
173.320(c) and of carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), transportation by 
aircraft is not involved;
* * * * *

0
24. In Sec.  173.61, paragraph (c) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  173.61  Mixed packaging requirements.

* * * * *
    (c) The following explosives may not be packed together with other 
Class 1 explosives: UN 0029, UN 0030, UN 0073, UN 0106, UN 0107, UN 
0255, UN 0257, UN 0267, UN 0350, UN 0360, UN 0361, UN 0364, UN 0365, UN 
0366, UN 0367, UN 0408, UN 0409, UN 0410, UN 0455, UN 0456, and UN 
0500. These explosives may be mix-packed with each other in accordance 
with the compatibility requirements prescribed in paragraph (e) of this 
section.
* * * * *

0
25. In Sec.  173.62, in paragraph (c), the ``Table of Packing 
Methods,'' the entry for packing instruction 134 is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  173.62  Specific packaging requirements for explosives.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *

                                            Table of Packing Methods
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Packing instruction            Inner packagings      Intermediate packagings       Outer packagings
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                  * * * * * * *
134...............................  Bag...................  Not necessary...........  Boxes
                                     water resistant                                    steel (4A).
                                    Receptacles                                         aluminium (4B).
                                     fibreboard                                         wood, natural, ordinary
                                                                                      (4C1).
                                     metal                                              wood, natural, sift
                                                                                      proof walls (4C2).
                                     plastics                                           plywood (4D).
                                     wood                                               reconstituted wood (4F).
                                    Sheets                                              fibreboard (4G).
                                     fibreboard,                                        plastics, expanded
                                     corrugated                                       (4H1).
                                    Tubes                                               plastics, solid (4H2).
                                     fibreboard                                       Drums
                                                                                        fibreboard (1G).
                                                                                        plastics, removable head
                                                                                      (1H2).
                                                                                        steel, removable head
                                                                                      (1A2).
                                                                                        aluminium, removable
                                                                                      head (1B2).

[[Page 4718]]


                                                                                        Plywood (1D).

                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

0
26. In Sec.  173.134, paragraph (b)(13)(i) is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  173.134  Class 6, Division 6.2-Definitions and exceptions.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (13) * * *
    (i) Household waste as defined in Sec.  171.8;
* * * * *

0
27. Section 173.217 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  173.217  Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).

    (a) Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), when offered for 
transportation or transported by aircraft or water, must be packed in 
packagings designed and constructed to permit the release of carbon 
dioxide gas to prevent a buildup of pressure that could rupture the 
packagings. Packagings must conform to the general packaging 
requirements of subpart B of this part but need not conform to the 
requirements of part 178 of this subchapter.
    (b) For transportation by vessel:
    (1) Each transport vehicle and freight container containing solid 
carbon dioxide must be conspicuously marked on two sides ``WARNING 
CO2 SOLID (DRY ICE).''
    (2) Other packagings containing solid carbon dioxide must be marked 
``CARBON DIOXIDE, SOLID--DO NOT STOW BELOW DECKS.''
    (c) For transportation by aircraft:
    (1) In addition to the applicable marking requirements in subpart D 
of part 172, the net mass of the carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) must 
be marked on the outside of the package. This provision also applies to 
unit load devices (ULDs) when the ULD contains dry ice and is 
considered the packaging.
    (2) The shipper must make arrangements with the operator for each 
shipment.
    (3) The quantity limits per package shown in Columns (9A) and (9B) 
of the Hazardous Materials Table in Sec.  172.101 are not applicable to 
dry ice being used as a refrigerant for other than hazardous materials 
loaded in a unit load device or other type of pallet. In such a case, 
the unit load device or other type of pallet must allow the venting of 
the carbon dioxide gas to prevent a dangerous build up of pressure, and 
be identified to the operator.
    (4) Dry ice is excepted from the shipping paper requirements of 
subpart C of part 172 of this subchapter provided alternative written 
documentation is supplied containing the following information: proper 
shipping name (Dry ice or Carbon dioxide, solid), class 9, UN number 
1845, the number of packages, and the net quantity of dry ice in each 
package. The information must be included with the description of the 
materials.
    (5) Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), in quantities not exceeding 
2.5 kg (5.5 pounds) per package and used as a refrigerant for the 
contents of the package is excepted from all other requirements of this 
subchapter if the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section are 
complied with and the package is marked ``Carbon dioxide, solid'' or 
``Dry ice'', is marked with the name of the contents being cooled, and 
is marked with the net weight of the dry ice or an indication that the 
net weight is 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds) or less.
    (d) Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), when used to refrigerate 
materials being shipped for diagnostic or treatment purposes (e.g., 
frozen medical specimens), is excepted from the shipping paper and 
certification requirements of this subchapter if the requirements of 
paragraphs (a) and (c)(2) of this section are met and the package is 
marked ``Carbon dioxide, solid'' or ``Dry ice'' and is marked with an 
indication that the material being refrigerated is being transported 
for diagnostic or treatment purposes.

0
28. In Sec.  173.301, paragraphs (c), (f)(1) and (g)(1) are revised to 
read as follows:


Sec.  173.301  General requirements for shipment of compressed gases in 
cylinders and spherical pressure vessels.

* * * * *
    (c) Toxic gases and mixtures. Cylinders containing toxic gases and 
toxic gas mixtures meeting the criteria of Division 2.3 Hazard Zone A 
or B must conform to the requirements of Sec.  173.40 and CGA S-1.1 
(compliance with paragraph 9.1.1.1 is not required) (IBR; see Sec.  
171.7 of this subchapter) and CGA S-7 (IBR; see Sec.  171.7 of this 
subchapter). A DOT 39 cylinder, UN non-refillable cylinder, or a UN 
composite cylinder certified to ISO-11119-3 may not be used for a toxic 
gas or toxic gas mixture meeting the criteria for Division 2.3, Hazard 
Zone A or B.
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (f)(5), (f)(6), and (l)(2) of 
this section, a cylinder filled with a gas and offered for 
transportation must be equipped with one or more pressure relief 
devices sized and selected as to type, location, and quantity, and 
tested in accordance with CGA S-1.1 (compliance with paragraph 9.1.1.1 
is not required) and CGA S-7. The pressure relief device must be 
capable of preventing rupture of the normally filled cylinder when 
subjected to a fire test conducted in accordance with CGA C-14 (IBR, 
see Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter), or, in the case of an acetylene 
cylinder, CGA C-12 (IBR, see Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter).
* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (1) Cylinder manifolding is authorized only under conditions 
prescribed in this paragraph (g). Manifolded cylinders must be 
supported and held together as a unit by structurally adequate means. 
Except for Division 2.2 materials, each cylinder must be equipped with 
an individual shutoff valve that must be tightly closed while in 
transit. Manifold branch lines must be sufficiently flexible to prevent 
damage to the valves that otherwise might result from the use of rigid 
branch lines. Each cylinder must be individually equipped with a 
pressure relief device as required in paragraph (f) of this section, 
except that pressure relief devices on manifolded horizontal cylinders 
that are mounted on a motor vehicle or framework may be selected as to 
type, location, and quantity according to the lowest marked pressure 
limit of an individual cylinder in the manifolded unit. The pressure 
relief devices selected for the manifolded unit must have been tested 
in accordance with CGA S-1.1 and CGA S-7. Pressure relief devices on 
manifolded horizontal cylinders filled with a compressed gas must be 
arranged to discharge unobstructed to the open air. In addition, for 
Division 2.1 (flammable gas) material, the pressure

[[Page 4719]]

relief devices (PRDs) must be arranged to discharge upward to prevent 
any escaping gas from contacting personnel or any adjacent cylinders. 
Valves and pressure relief devices on manifolded cylinders filled with 
a compressed gas must be protected from damage by framing, a cabinet or 
other method. Manifolding is authorized for cylinders containing the 
following gases:
    (i) Nonliquefied (permanent) compressed gases authorized by Sec.  
173.302.
    (ii) Liquefied compressed gases authorized by Sec.  173.304. Each 
manifolded cylinder containing a liquefied compressed gas must be 
separately filled and means must be provided to ensure no interchange 
of cylinder contents can occur during transportation.
    (iii) Acetylene as authorized by Sec.  173.303.
* * * * *

0
29. In Sec.  173.304a, paragraph (e)(1)(ii) is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  173.304a  Additional requirements for shipment of liquefied 
compressed gases in specification cylinders.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) Each cylinder must be protected with at least one pressure 
relief device and at least one frangible disc conforming to Sec.  
173.301(f) and paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The relieving capacity 
of the pressure relief device system must be equal to or greater than 
that calculated by the applicable formula in paragraph 5.8.3 of CGA S-
1.1 (IBR, see Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter).
* * * * *

0
30. In Sec.  173.306, paragraphs (i) and (j) are revised and a new 
paragraph (k) is added to read as follows:


Sec.  173.306  Limited quantities of compressed gases.

* * * * *
    (i) A limited quantity which conforms to the provisions of 
paragraph (a)(1), (a)(3), or (b) of this section and is a ``consumer 
commodity'' as defined in Sec.  171.8 of this subchapter, may be 
renamed ``consumer commodity'' and reclassed as ORM-D material. Each 
package may not exceed 30 kg (66 pounds) gross weight. In addition to 
the exceptions provided by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section--
    (1) Outside packagings are not required to be marked ``INSIDE 
CONTAINERS COMPLY WITH PRESCRIBED REGULATIONS'';
    (2) Shipments of ORM-D materials are not subject to the shipping 
paper requirements of subpart C of part 172 of this subchapter, unless 
the material meets the definition of a hazardous substance, a hazardous 
waste, or a marine pollutant or unless offered for transportation or 
transported by aircraft; and
    (3) Shipments of ORM-D materials are eligible for the exceptions 
provided in Sec.  173.156.
    (j) Aerosols and receptacles small, containing gas with a capacity 
of less than 50 mL. Aerosols, as defined in Sec.  171.8 of this 
subchapter, and receptacles small, containing gas, with a capacity not 
exceeding 50 mL (1.7 oz.) and with a pressure not exceeding 970 kPa 
(141 psig) at 55 [deg]C (131 [deg]F), containing no hazardous materials 
other than a Division 2.2 gas, are not subject to the requirements of 
this subchapter. The pressure limit may be increased to 2000 kPa (290 
psig) at 55 [deg]C (131 [deg]F) provided the aerosols are transported 
in outer packages that conform to the packaging requirements of Subpart 
B of this part. This paragraph does not apply to a self-defense spray 
(e.g., pepper spray).
    (k) For additional exceptions, also see Sec.  173.307.


Sec.  173.335  [Removed]

0
31. Section 173.335 is removed and reserved.

PART 175--CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT

0
32. The authority citation for part 175 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128, 44701; 49 CFR 1.45 and 1.53.


0
33. In Sec.  175.10, paragraph (a)(10) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  175.10  Exceptions for passengers, crewmembers, and air 
operators.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (10) Dry ice (carbon dioxide, solid):
    (i) in quantities not exceeding 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds) per person in 
carry-on baggage, when used to pack perishables not subject to the HMR. 
The package must permit the release of carbon dioxide gas; and/or
    (ii) in checked baggage, with the approval of the operator(s), when 
each package is marked ``DRY ICE'' or ``CARBON DIOXIDE, SOLID'', and 
marked with the net mass of dry ice or an indication the net weight is 
2.5 kg (5.5 pounds) or less.
* * * * *

0
34. A new Sec.  175.900 is added to read as follows:


Sec.  175.900  Handling requirements for carbon dioxide, solid (dry 
ice).

    Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) when shipped by itself or when used 
as a refrigerant for other commodities, may be carried only if the 
operator has made suitable arrangements based on the aircraft type, the 
aircraft ventilation rates, the method of packing and stowing, whether 
animals will be carried on the same flight and other factors. The 
operator must ensure that the ground staff is informed that the dry ice 
is being loaded or is on board the aircraft. For arrangements between 
the shipper and operator, see Sec.  173.217 of this subchapter. Where 
dry ice is contained in a unit load device (ULD) or other type of 
pallet prepared by a single shipper in accordance with Sec.  173.217 
and the operator after the acceptance adds additional dry ice, the 
operator must ensure that the information provided to the Pilot-in-
Command and the marking on the ULD when used as a packaging reflects 
that revised quantity of dry ice.

PART 177--CARRIAGE BY PUBLIC HIGHWAY

0
35. The authority citation for part 177 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.53.


0
36. In Sec.  177.848, paragraph (a)(1) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  177.848  Segregation of hazardous materials.

    (a) * * *
    (1) In packages that must be labeled or placarded in accordance 
with part 172 of this subchapter;
* * * * *

PART 178--SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS

0
37. The authority citation for part 178 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.53.


0
38. In Sec.  178.75, paragraph (f)(1) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  178.75  Specifications for MEGCs.

* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) The size of the pressure relief devices: CGA S-1.1 (IBR, see 
Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter) must be used to determine the relief 
capacity of individual pressure receptacles.
* * * * *
0
39. In Sec.  178.274, in paragraph (b)(1), the first sentence is 
revised to read as follows:

[[Page 4720]]

Sec.  178.274  Specifications for UN portable tanks.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) The design temperature range for the shell must be -40 [deg]C 
to 50 [deg]C (-40 [deg]F to 122 [deg]F) for hazardous materials 
transported under normal conditions of transportation, except for 
portable tanks used for refrigerated liquefied gases where the minimum 
design temperature must not be higher than the lowest (coldest) 
temperature (for example, service temperature) of the contents during 
filling, discharge or transportation. * * *
* * * * *

0
40. In Sec.  178.337-9, paragraph (b)(8) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  178.337-9  Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and 
fittings.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (8) Chlorine cargo tanks. Angle valves on cargo tanks intended for 
chlorine service must conform to the standards of the Chlorine 
Institute, Inc., Dwg. 104-8 or ``Section 3, Pamphlet 166, Angle Valve 
Guidelines for Chlorine Bulk Transportation.'' (IBR, see Sec.  171.7 of 
this subchapter). Before installation, each angle valve must be tested 
for leakage at not less than 225 psig using dry air or inert gas.
* * * * *

0
41. In Sec.  178.337-10, paragraph (d) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  178.337-10  Accident damage protection.

* * * * *
    (d) Chlorine tanks. A chlorine tank must be equipped with a 
protective housing and a manway cover to permit the use of standard 
emergency kits for controlling leaks in fittings on the dome cover 
plate. For tanks manufactured on or after October 1, 2009, the housing 
and manway cover must conform to the Chlorine Institute, Inc., Dwg. 
137-5 (IBR, see Sec.  171.7 of this subchapter).
* * * * *

PART 180--CONTINUING QUALIFICATION AND MAINTENANCE OF PACKAGINGS

0
42. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5101-5128; 49 CFR 1.53.


0
43. In Sec.  180.205, a new paragraph (g)(6) added to read as follows:


Sec.  180.205  General requirements for requalification of 
specification cylinders.

* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (6) Training materials (e.g., CGA publication C-1.1) may be used 
for training persons who requalify cylinders using the volumetric 
expansion test method.
* * * * *

    Issued in Washington, DC, on January 16, 2008 under authority 
delegated in 49 CFR part 1.
Krista L. Edwards,
Deputy Administrator.
 [FR Doc. E8-1211 Filed 1-25-08; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 4910-60-P
