                   ANSI Z87.1-1968 to 2010 Comparison Table
1968
2010
Comments
1. Scope and Purpose
1.1 Scope. This standard shall apply to al1 occupational and educational operations or processes, excluding those relating to x-rays, gamma rays, high-energy particulate radiations, lasers. or masers.

2. Scope, Purpose, Application, and Interpretations
2.1 Scope
This standard sets forth criteria related to the general requirements, testing, permanent marking, selection, care, and use of protectors to minimize
the occurrence and severity or prevention of injuries from such hazards as impact, nonionizing radiation and chemical exposures in occupational
and educational environments including, but not limited to, machinery operations, material welding and cutting, chemical handling, and assembly operations. Certain hazardous exposures are not covered in this standard. These
include, but are not limited to: bloodborne pathogens, X-rays, high-energy particulate radiation, microwaves, radio-frequency radiation, laser masers, and sports and recreation.


The 2010 scope is far more specific, sets forth criteria related to... rather than `applies'... 

More exclusion such as bloodborne pathogens and microwaves which were not considered in 1968.
1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide reasonable and adequate means, ways, and methods for the proper selection and safe use of face- and eye-protective equipment.
2.2 Purpose
This standard provides minimum requirements for protectors including selection, use, and maintenance of these protectors as devices to minimize
or prevent eye and face injuries.
The 2010 purpose provides minimum requirements versus providing reasonable and adequate means, ways, and methods for... it is clearer and more concise than the 1968 edition.

2.3 Application
2.3.1 The requirements of this standard apply to protectors when first placed in service. 


2.3.2 Protectors bearing the permanent marking Z87 shall meet all applicable requirements of this standard in its entirety. All components of eye and face protectors shall comply with the requirements of this standard. Accessories installed by the manufacturer shall not cause the protector to fail the requirements of this standard. Manufacturers of components and complete protectors shall ensure that all required tests have been performed to demonstrate conformance. 


2.3.3 Compliance with this standard cannot always be assured when replacement components are used. End users should exercise extreme care in the selection and installation of replacement components to ensure compliance with this standard. 


2.3.4 Non-compliant components shall not be used with ANSIIISEA Z87-compliant components. 


2.3.5 The protector manufacturer shall provide test results to the purchaser upon request.


2.4 Interpretations
Requests for interpretations of this standard shall be in writing and addressed to the secretariat (isea@afetyequipment.org) of this accredited standard committee.

2. Exceptions
Variations from the requirements of this standard may be granted by the authority having jurisdiction only when it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the administrative agency that equivalent protection is afforded. 

When reference is made to this standard for statement(s) of compliance with the standard, such statements of compliance must include all performance requirements in their entirety.

 It is specifically intended that utilization of a portion or part of the referenced standard is prohibited.

No similar found.
3. Definitions
3.1 General Information
3.1.1 This standard sets minimal performance requirements in the tests described herein. It is not intended to imply equality of performance or other factors of design such as: comfort, service life, or appearance.

3.1.2 Where the word "approved" is used with qualification, it refers to approval by the authority having jurisdiction over the specific requirement.

3.1.3 In this standard, the use of the word "shall" indicates a mandatory requirement. The word "should" indicates a recommendation.

3.2 Specific Definitions. As used in this standard, the following words shall have the indicated definitions, and all other words shall have meaning according to their common usage. 

absorptive lens. A filter lens whose physical properties are designed to attenuate the effects of glare, reflective, and stray light. In this standard, it refers to shades 1.7 through 3.0 in the chart in Table 1,
auxiliary magnifier or enlarger. A single lens or a pair of lenses joined together in a suitable manner to be inserted into the window in a welding helmet or hand shield to magnify or enlarge the area of the point of operation.
bridge size. The distance between lenses on the nose side of each eye, expressed in millimeters. 
cover lens (cover circle). A removable disc of colorless glass, plastic-coated glass, or plastic that covers the filter lens and protects it from weld spatter, pitting, or scratching when used in a goggle. 
cover plate. A removable pane of colorless glass, plastic-coated glass. or plastic that covers the filter plate and protects it from weld spatter, pitting. or scratching when used iii a helmet, hood, or goggle. 
disinfection. The act or process of destroying organisms that may cause disease. 
eye size. A measurement expressed in millimeters and denoting the size of the lens-holding section of an eye frame. face shield. A device worn in front of the eyes and a portion of. or all of. the face. whose pre dominant function is protection of the eyes and face. 
filter lens (filter circle). A removable disc in the eyecup of a goggle that absorbs varying proportions of the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared rays according to the composition and density of the lens. 
filter plate. A removable pane in the window of a helmet, hood, or goggle that absorbs varying proportions of the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared rays according to the composition and density of the plate. 
goggle. A device, with contour-shaped eyecups or facial contact with glass or plastic lenses, worn over the eyes and held in place by a headband or other suitable means for the protection of the eyes and eye sockets. 
headband. That part of the goggle, helmet. Or hood suspension consisting of a supporting band that encircles the head. 
headgear. That part of a protective helmet, hood, or face shield that supports the device on the wearer's head: it usually consists of headband and crown strap. 
hood. A device that completely covers the
head, neck, and portions of the shoulders. 
infrared radiation. Electromagnetic energy with wavelengths from 770 to 12,000 millimicrons.
interpupillary distance. The distance in millimeters between the centers of the pupils of the eyes .
lens. The transparent glass or plastic device through which the wearer of the protective goggles or spectacles sees. 
lens, corrective. A lens ground to the wearer's individual corrective prescription. lens, plano. A lens which does not incorporate correction. 
lift front. A type of mounting frame for welding helmets, hoods, or goggles which is made of two connected parts: the front part, which can be removed from the line of vision, contains the high-density filter plate with its cover plate; and the back part. which is fixed to the helmet, contains a low-density or clear impact resistant plate.
millimicron. The thousandth part of a micron, or the millionth part of a millimeter. (Also known as a nanometer.) 
mounting plate or mounting frame. the device that holds the filter and cover plate in their proper place on the helmet.
nanometer. (See Millimicron)
plate. (Sec Filter Plate or Cover Plate) 
protector. A device that provides face or eye protection against the hazards of processes encountered in employment, education, or in the natural environment. 
radiant energy or radiation. The energy of electromagnetic waves produced by the movement of molecules excited by the heat of an electric are, or gas flame, or the passage of an electric current. Three kinds of radiant energy are pertinent to this standard: (1) ultraviolet(2) visible light, and 3) infrared. shield. A device to be held in the hand, or supported without the aid of the operator, whose predominant function is protection of the eyes and face. 
side shield. A device of metal, plastic. or other material hinged or fixed firmly to the spectacle lens frame to protect the eye from side exposure. 
slow-burning. (See 6.2.3.1  -- Flammability Test) 
snood. A flexible attachment to the back of a hood or helmet for protection agair.st injury to the back of the head and neck.
spectacle. A device patterned after conventional-type spectacle eyewear but of more substantial construction, either with or without side shields, and with piano or corrective impact-resistant lenses of clear or absorptive
filter glass or plastic.
temple. That part of a spectacle or other protector extending to and dropping behind the ear of the wearer and intended to position the device before the eyes.
temple length. The measured length of a temple designated in inches (see Figs. 3 and 4). 
ultraviolet radiation. Electromagnetic energy with wavelengths from 50 to 390 millimicrons. 
visible light. Electromagnetic energy having wavelengths within a range of 390 to 770 miiimicrons.
3. Definitions
For purposes of this standard, the following definitions shall apply: 

astigmatism. A condition in a lens of a protector in which there is a difference in refractive power in one meridian from that in another meridian 
automatic darkening welding filter lens. A filter lens that automatically switches from a light state to a dark state in response to a change of light intensity. 
bluelight transmittance T B. Transmittance of optical radiation weighted by its ability to cause photochemical damage to the retina is defined as
see equation
chin protector. That portion of a device that offers protection to a wearer's lower face, chin and neck.
complete device. A product with all its components in their configuration of intended use, subjected to testing for determination of compliance with the standard.
component. A functional part of a complete device
addressed by the performance requirements of this standard.
crown. That portion of a device that offers protection to a wearer's forehead.
dark state. The lowest operating luminous transmittance of an automatic darkening filter:lens.
diopter (D). A unit of measurement (plus or minus) used to express the power of a lens. It is expressed as the reciprocal of the focusing distance given in meters. The diopter is also used to express the curvature of surfacing tools and the refracting power of curved surfaces. 
effective far-ultraviolet average transmittance T (EFUV). Transmittance of optical radiation with wavelengths from 200 to 315 nanometers weighted by its ability to damage the cornea. When T (I\.) is defined as the spectral transmittance of the filter at wavelength, T (EFUV) is defined as:
see equation
eyewire. The component of a frame front encircling one lens.
faceshield. A protector commonly intended to, when used in conjunction with spectacles and/or goggles, shield the wearer's face, or portions thereof, in addition to the eyes, from certain hazards, depending on faceshield type.
filter lens. A lens that attenuates specific wavelengths of ultraviolet, visible, and/or infrared radiation.
fracture. A lens will be considered to have fractured if it cracks through its entire thickness into two or more separate pieces, or if any material visible to the naked eye becomes fully-detached from the inner surface. 
frame. A structure, which holds the lens or lenses on the wearer. 
front. That part of a spectacle or goggle frame that is intended to contain the lens or lenses.
full face piece respirator. A tight fitting respirator that covers the nose, mouth and eyes from approximately the hairline to below the chin.
goggle. A protector intended to fit the face surrounding the eyes in order to shield the eyes from certain hazards, depending on goggle type. 
handshield. A hand-held welding helmet. See "welding helmet." 
haze. The percent of incident light that is not transmitted in a straight line through the lens but forward scattered, greater than 2.5 degree diverging. 
headform. Apparatus constructed in accordance with specifications outlined in EN 168:2001, Section 17 utilized in the testing of protective devices as specified in Section 9, Test Methods. (Refer to Annex B) 
headgear/adapter. That part of a helmet, hood or faceshield that supports the device on the wearer's head. 
infrared average transmittance. Transmittance of optical radiation with wavelengths from 780 to 2000 nanometers weighted by its ability to damage the cornea. When T ( ) is defined as the spectral transmittance of the filter at wavelength,
see equation
where, in the infrared, the relative spectral emittance S( ) of Illuminant A is that of a full ("Black-body") radiator at temperature 2856° K and is given in Table C3 of Annex C.
 infrared radiation (IR). As related to this standard, electromagnetic energy with wavelengths from 780 to 2000 nanometers.
 lens. The transparent part of a protector through which the wearer sees, also referred to as a plate or window for some devices.
:lens housing or carrier. That part of a goggle, welding helmet or handshield that mechanically houses a lens. 
lift-front. A type of supplementary lens and holder that covers the viewing area of a protector immediately in front of the wearer's eyes and that can be positioned outside the line of sight.
 light. Optical radiation weighted by its ability to cause visual sensations. light state. The highest luminous transmittance
of an automatic darkening welding filter lens, when not in a dark state. 
loose fitting respirator. A respiratory inlet covering that is designed to form a partial seal with the face, or that completely covers the head and neck, and may cover portions of the shoulder.
 luminous transmittance  The fraction of light (380-780 nm) passing through a medium, is defined in this standard with respect to the light source CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric Observer, and is expressed as:
see equation
where Y (  ) is the relative luminous efficiency function and S(  ) is the relative spectral emittance of Illuminant A as defined by the CIE. These functions are given in Table C2 of Annex C. 
lux (Ix). A unit of measurement of illuminance equal to one lumen per square meter of the illuminated surface.
 manufacturer. The business entity that marks or directs the permanent marking of the components or complete devices as compliant with this standard, and sells them as compliant.
 millisecond (ms). One thousandth of a second; 10.3 second.
nanometer (nm). A unit of measurement of wavelength equal to one billionth of a meter; 10.9 meter. near-ultraviolet average transmittance. Transmittance of optical radiation with wavelengths from 315 to 380 nanometers. When T (Iv) is defined as the spectral transmittance of the filter at wavelength, T (NUY) is defined as:
see equation
non-removable lens. A lens and holder that are homogeneous and continuous or a lens that cannot be removed from the frame/front without damage to the device. optical radiation. As related to this standard, that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging in wavelength from 200 nm to 2000 nm. 
permanent mark/marking. A mark that cannot be removed without evidence of removal.
photochromic lens. A lens which darkens when exposed to, and fades when removed from, ultraviolet radiation and/or sunlight. 
plano lens. A lens that does not incorporate a corrective prescription; this lens is not necessarily flat 
power. See "refractive power", "resolving power", and "prismatic power". prescription lens (Rx). A lens manufactured to the wearer's individual corrective prescription.
prescription lens carrier. A lens frame with prescription lenses that mounts inside a protector to provide vision correction. 
prismatic power, "prism". A measure of the angular deviation expressed in prism diopters (Ll) of a light ray after passing along the viewing path through a lens. One prism diopter equals a deviation of 1 cm per meter of path length. 
protector. A complete device meeting, at a minimum, the requirements of Section 5 this standard.
 refractive power, "power". A measure of the
ability of a lens to focus light rays, expressed in diopters (D). 
removable lenses. Prescription or plano lenses fabricated to fit a single spectacle frame 
.replaceable lenses. Interchangeable lens/fronts designed for spectacle, goggle or welding helmet
devices that are directly mounted to the frame or shell of the device. 
representative test lenses. Lenses produced of the same materials, coatings, thicknesses (minimum
values), lens surfacing and framing processes as used for prescription lenses by the
manufacturer.
 resolving power, "definition". The measure of the ability of a lens to form separate distinct images of two objects close together. 
retained. In this standard, the use of the word "retained" means that the lens is not separated or visibly displaced from the frame by more than 25% of its intended mounting structure or support.
 safety plate. That portion of the device that provides impact protection in the lens region of the protector. 
scale. A designator in which the first character indicates the type of radiation protector and the second character is a number which increases with more attenuation. The radiation protector characters are U for an ultraviolet radiation attenuator, R for infrared radiation attenuator and L
for visible radiation attenuator. 
screen. A mesh or gauze material made of any suitable substance (e.g. metal wire, plastic filament or fiber). 
shade, S. Related to luminous transmittance, TL (expressed as a fraction, not as a percent) by the equation:
see equation
shall. In this standard, the use of the word "shall" indicates a mandatory requirement. 
shell. That portion of welding helmet or handshield that covers the wearer's face. should. In this standard, the use of the word "should" indicates a recommendation. 
sideshield. A permanent or detachable part of a spectacle that provides side impact resistance, and that may be an original or aftermarket component. 
special purpose protectors/lenses. Protectors and lenses which meet the requirements of Table 10, but may or may not meet the requirements of Table 6, 7,8 or 9. They are designed for specific applications. 
spectacle. A protector intended to shield the wearer's eyes from certain hazards, depending on the type.
switching index. The response time of an automatic darkening welding filter lens is defined as: see equation
where: t = 0 is the time at which the arc ignites, TI is the designated light state, T2 is the designated dark state, t[T=3T2] is the time at which the luminous transmittance falls to three times the luminous transmittance in the dark state.
Note: During short term exposure to light, the discomfort of bright light is approximately proportional to the product of the illuminance at the eye and time. The time dependence of the darkening process can differ for different designs of filters where the luminous transmittance varies with time. It is therefore appropriate to define the response time of an automatic darkening filter lens as an integral of the luminous transmittance over time and not merely by the initial and final luminous transmittance.
temple. That part of a spectacle frame commonly attached to the front and generally extending behind the ear of the wearer.
tinted lens. A lens with color such as amber, smoke , or cobalt which does not meet the requirements of Table 6, 7, 8 or 9. 
type tests. One or more tests performed on an item to approve a material, construction, model or design to determine ifit is capable of meeting the requirements of a product standard.
ultraviolet radiation (UV). Electromagnetic energy with wavelengths from 200 to 380 nanometers. 
variable tint lens. A lens which darkens or fades by some mechanism, excluding automatic darkening welding filters. These are typically photochromic lenses and mayor may not meet the requirements of Table 6, 7, 8 or 9. 
visible light filter. A filter lens, commonly known as a sunglass lens, intended for the attenuation of visible light and suitable for traffic signal
recognition.
welding goggle. A goggle intended for limited welding applications. 
welding faceshield. A faceshield intended for specific welding applications. welding filter lens. A lens specified for use for welding or brazing.
welding helmet. A faceshield-type device intended to provide protection specifically to the eyes and face against optical radiation and weld spatter.
welding respirator. A respirator intended to provide optical radiation protection for welding operations. 
window. The lens portion of a faceshield (see
"lens").
The 2010 definitions section is technically specific for the design and manufacture of lenses. It is a far clearer definition from an engineering viewpoint.

No similar found for 3.1.2 thru 3.2 of 1968 in 2010
4. General Requirements
4.1 Eye and face protection in a manner provided by this standard shall be required where there is a reasonable probability of injury that can be prevented by such protection.

4.2 In such cases, employers or educational authorities shall make conveniently available a type of protector suitable for the work to be performed, and employees or students shall use such protectors.
10. Instructions, Use and Maintenance
10.1 General
Eye and face protection shall be required where there is a reasonable probability of injury that can be prevented by such equipment. In such cases, employers and educational authorities shall make conveniently available a protector for the work environment, per applicable federal and state regulations.
Employees and students shall use such protectors. 

Annex I contains a Selection Chart, which will be helpful in deciding types of protectors that are available, their capabilities and limitations. It should be recognized that dusty or chemical environments or both might represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers. Wearers of contact lenses shall be required to wear appropriate eye and face protectors in a hazardous environment. 

5. General Requirements
All protectors shall satisfy all applicable requirements of Section 5
5.1 Optical Requirements
5.1.1 Optical Quality
When tested in accordance with Section 9.1, protector lenses shall be free of striae, bubbles, waves and other visible defects which would impair their optical quality.
5.1.2 Luminous Transmission
When tested in accordance with Section 9.2 clear lenses shall have a luminous transmission of not less than 85%. 
5.1.5 Refractive Power, Astigmatism, Prism and Prism Imbalance for Prescription Protectors

For prescription protectors, the tolerance on refractive power, astigmatism, prism and prism imbalance shall be those contained in ANSI Z80.1-2005, American National Standard/or Ophthalmics - Prescription Ophthalmic Lenses - Recommendations.

NOTE: There is no resolving power requirement for prescription lenses.

5.2 Physical Requirements 
Protectors shall be free from projections, sharp edges or other defects which are likely to cause discomfort or injury during use.
5.2.1 Drop Ball Impact Resistance
When tested in accordance with Section 9.6, protector lenses shall not fracture when impacted by a 25.4 mm (1 in.) steel ball when dropped from a height of 127 cm (50 in.). Glass welding filter lenses shall be tested and used in conjunction with a safety plate in order to comply with the impact performance criteria.
5.2.2 Protector Acceptance Criteria
When each type test is conducted as indicated above, a complete device shall fail if any of the following occurs:
:: piece fully detached from the inner surface
:: fracture
:: penetration of the rear surface
:: lens not retained
5.2.3 Ignition
When tested in accordance with Section 9.7, protectors shall not ignite or continue to glow once the rod is removed. Each externally exposed material
(exclusive of textiles or elastic bands) shall be tested.
5.2.4 Corrosion Resistance of Metal Components When tested in accordance with Section 9.8, metal components used in protectors shall be corrosion
resistant to the degree that the function of the protector shall not be impaired by the corrosion. Lenses and electrical components are excluded
from these requirements.
5.2.5 Minimum Coverage Area
The eyewire and lens shall cover in plane view an area of not less than 40 mm (1.57 in.) in width and 33 mm (1.30 in.) in height (elliptical) in front of each eye, centered on the geometrical center of the lens. 

Frames designed for small head sizes shall cover in plane view an area of not less than 34 mm (1.34 in.) in width and 28 mm (1.10 in.) in height (elliptical), centered on the geometrical center of the lens. 

Frames designed for small head sizes shall be tested on the 54 mm (2.13 in.) PD headform and are permitted to have an eye size, including eyewear thickness, as small as 34 x 28mm (1.34 x 1.10 in.). Frames that are tested using the small headform shall be marked on the frame with the letter "H."

5.5 Other Requirements
5.5.3 Welding Protectors
5.5.3.1 Transmittance of Non-Lens Areas
When tested in accordance with Section 9.2, the thinnest non-lens area of welding protectors with removable lenses that exposes itself forward shall transmit no more optical radiation than that permitted by Table 6 for shade number 14. Non-lens areas of welding protectors with non-removable lenses shall transmit no more optical radiation than that of the lens. 
5.5.3.2 Light Tightness 

When tested in accordance with Section 9.9, there shall be no penetration of direct visible light in all non-lens areas including the space between the lens and lens housing or carrier.
5.5.4 Frames for Replaceable or Removable Lenses 
All frames which can house replaceable or removable lenses shall be supplied with detailed specifications on the required lens bevel design or mounting technique and nominal lens sizing required to conform to ANSIIISEA Z87.1-2010.
5.5.5 Respiratory Products
 In addition to the requirements of Sections 5.1 through 5.4, the requirements for applicable respiratory products are as follows:
:: Full facepiece respirators shall satisfy the goggle requirements of Section 6.
:: Loose fitting respirators shall satisfy the faceshield requirements of Section 6.
:: Full facepiece welding respirators shall satisfy the goggle requirements of Sections 5.5.3, 6 and 7.
:: Loose fitting welding respirators shall satisfy the welding helmet requirements, including marking, of Sections 5.5.3, 6 and 7.
5.6 Replaceable Lenses
5.6.1 Goggles
Round lenses measuring 50 mm (1.97 in.) shall have a dimensional tolerance of +- 0.2 mm (0.007 in.). Rectangular lenses measuring 51 x 108 mm (2.00 x 4.25 in.) shall have a dimensional tolerance of +- 0.8 mm (0.031 in.).
5.6.2 Welding Helmets and Handshields
Rectangular lenses measuring 51 x 108 mm (2.00 x 4.25 in.) and 114 x 133 mm (4.49 x 5.24 in.) shall have a dimensional tolerance of +- 0.8 mm (0.031 in.).
5.7 Aftermarket Components
All original equipment manufacturers (OEM) and non-OEM aftermarket components not sold with the original device shall be tested assembled with the original complete device in the as-worn condition to show compliance with all applicable requirements in Sections 5, 6, 7 and 8. For aftermarket
sideshields, the sideshields shall be tested on representative frames for which the
product is specified to fit. Documentation listing all devices that the component or accessory (OEM or non-OEM) has been tested and is approved for shall be made available by the manufacturer. 

The entity claiming compliance of the component or accessory is responsible for testing the assembled device and shall provide test results and a list of tested devices upon request. 

Except for automatic darkening filters, replacement welding and goggle filters and lenses that meet the size restrictions specified in Section 5.6 shall be tested on one type of representative frame as needed to verify compliance with applicable requirements in Sections 5, 6, 7 and 8.

The 1968 version required the use of eye and face protection for those following the consensus standard; the 2010 version has this in a General section under Instructions, Use and Maintenance at the end, but also has design and testing general requirements for those following the consensus standard.
4.3 No unprotected person shall knowingly be subjected to a hazardous environmental condition.

No similar found.
4.4 Protectors shall meet the following minimum requirements:
(1) They shall provide adequate protection against the particular hazards for which they are designed.
(2) They shall be reasonably comfortable when worn under the designated conditions. 
(3) They shall fit snugly and shall not unduly interfere with the movements of the wearer.
(4) They shall be durable.
(5) They shall be capable of being disinfected.
(6) They shall be easily cleanable.
6. Impact Protector Requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Impact Rated Protectors 
Impact-rated protectors and replaceable components shall meet the impact requirements in this standard and be marked in accordance with Table 4a and Table 4b.
6.1.2 Frames and Shells
Frames and shells shall meet the requirements for high mass impact and high velocity impact if they are impact-rated. These components shall be tested as a complete device and for frames and shells to be used with prescription lenses, shall be fitted with representative test lenses. Frames and shells are exempt from the penetration requirement. 
6.1.3 Lateral (Side) Coverage
When tested in accordance with Section 9.10, impact rated protectors shall provide continuous lateral coverage (i.e. no openings greater than 1.5mm (0.06 in.) in diameter) from the vertical plane of the lenses tangential to a point not less than 10 mm (0.394 in.) posterior to the corneal plane and not less than 10 mm (0.394 in.) in height (or 8 mm (0.315 in) for the smaller headform) above and not less than 10 mm (0.394 in.) in height (or 8 mm (0.315 in) for the smaller
headform) below the horizontal plane centered on the eyes of the headform. The probe shall not contact the headform within the defined coverage area. (See Annex D).
The 2010 requirements for impact protectors are more technically specific and complete.
4.5 Protectors should be kept clean and in good repair.

No similar found.
4.6 Suitable eye protectors shall be provided where machines or operations present the hazard of flying objects, glare, liquids, in-jurious radiation, or a combination of these hazards.
Annex J. Hazard Assessment and Protector Selection
(informative)
J.1 General
Annex J. Hazard Assessment and Protector Selection (informative) ANSIIISEA Z87.1-2010 Protectors should be required where there is a reasonable probability of an eye or face injury that could be minimized or prevented by the use of such protection. In such cases, employers and educational authorities should make eye and face protectors conveniently available to employees and students for their use in the work environment, per applicable federal and state regulations. The employees and students should use such protectors. Where there is a reasonable probability of impact from flying objects, a protector with side protection should be required. 

Known hazards should be removed or minimized to the extent possible. Protectors are not substitutes for engineering controls and sound safety practices. Protectors alone should not be relied upon to provide the sole means of protection against eye and face hazards. Protectors should be used in conjunction with engineering controls and sound safety practices.
Employers and employees should consult their federal, state and local safety and health regulatory authorities to become knowledgeable of the legal requirements applicable to their area. Under the Department of Labor, the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Fed OSHA) has codified in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards and 29 CFR 1926 Safety and Health Regulations/or Construction specific legal requirements and guidelines that employers must follow to protect their employees adequately (see specifically 29 CFR 1910.133 and 29 CFR 1926.102). By law, state and local government authorities can implement their own safety and health regulations if they are at least as protective as the federal regulations. 

J.2 Hazard Assessment The safety officer or other knowledgeable, responsible party should conduct an eye and face hazard assessment of the occupational or educational work setting. The hazard assessment should determine the risk of exposure to eye and face hazards, including those which may be encountered in an emergency. Employers should be aware of the possibility of multiple and simultaneous hazard exposures and be prepared to protect against the highest level of each hazard. Eye and face protectors alone should not be relied on to provide protection against any identified hazards, but should be used in conjunction with guards, engineering controls, and sound occupational and educational safety practices. At the minimum, the following hazard assessment procedure should be conducted to identify the existing and anticipated hazards and select appropriate eye and face protectors: 
(1) Survey the Work Area. Conduct a walk-through survey of the area. The purpose of the survey is to identify sources of potential eye and face hazards. Consideration should be given to the six hazard categories addressed by this standard: 
(a) Impact
(b) Heat
(c) Chemical (Liquid Splash)
(d) Dust
(e) Glare
(f) Optical Radiation

(2) Identify Sources of Hazards. During the walk-through survey observe:
(a) Sources of motion; i.e., machinery or processes where any movement of tools, machine elements or particles could exist, or movement of personnel that could result in collision with stationary objects.
(b) Sources of high temperatures that could result in facial burns, eye injury or ignition of protective equipment, etc.
(c) Types of chemical exposures.
(d) Sources of particles (i.e., dust, sparks, spray, mist).
(e) Sources of optical radiation, i.e., welding, brazing, cutting, furnaces, heat treating, high intensity light sources and ultraviolet lamps.
(f) Layout of workplace and location of other personnel.
(g) Any electrical hazards.
(3) Organize Data. Following the walk-through survey, organize the data and information for use in the assessment of hazards. The objective is to prepare for an analysis of the hazards in the environment to enable proper selection of protective equipment. 
(4) Analyze Data. Having gathered and organized data on a workplace, make an estimate of the potential for eye and face injury. Each of the basic hazards should be reviewed and a determination made as to the type and level of each of the hazards found in the area. The possibility of exposure to several hazards simultaneously should be considered. 
(5) Selection. Specify the protector(s) suitable for the hazards identified (see Annex I, Selection Chart).
(6) Reassessment of Hazards. A periodic reassessment of the work area should be performed on a regular basis to identify changes in the hazard situation that could affect the level of protection required. Reassess the workplace hazard situation by identifying and evaluating new equipment and processes, reviewing incident records, and reassessing the suitability of previously selected eye and face protection. 

J.3 Protector Selection 
After completing a thorough hazard assessment of the environment such as recommended in Annex J.2, the general procedure for selection of protective equipment is as follows:
(1) Become familiar with the Selection Chart (Annex I), the types of protective equipment that are available, their capabilities and limitations.
(2) Compare the hazards associated with the environment, i.e., impact velocities, masses, projectile shape, radiation intensities, etc., with the available protective equipment.
(3) Make a judgment in selection of the appropriate protective equipment so that the protection is consistent with the reasonably probable hazard.
(4) Protectors not specifically rated for impact or protectors complying only with the applicable requirements of Section 5 may be used only in an environment where the known or presumed impact, radiation and dust, mist and splash hazards do not exist or are of minimal intensity or probability of occurrence. Impact-rated protectors should be used in an environment when the known or presumed hazards are of a high velocity, high mass or high impact nature. 
(5) Provide and fit the user with the protector and provide instruction on its care, use and limitations as recommended in Annexes J.4 and J.6. 

(Note: Be aware that spectacles, goggles, and face shields are tested with different impact criteria so the protector selection should be consistent to the testing.)

The Selection Chart is intended to aid in identifying and selecting the types of eye and face protectors that are available. The capabilities and limitations for the hazard are listed in this guide. This guide is not intended to be the sole reference in selecting the proper eye and face protector. 
J.4 Product Use and Limitations
Protectors are a personal item. They should be issued for exclusive use by a particular individual. However, in circumstances where protectors are reissued, the protectors should be maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition.

Caution should be exercised to ensure that the level of protection provided by any protector is adequate for its intended purpose. 

See the Selection Chart for information on specific applications. 

Additional information regarding training can be found in the American National Standard, Z490.1-2001, Criteria for Accepted Practices in Safety, Health, and Environmental Training. 
J.5 Special Purpose Protectors and Lenses Special purpose protectors and lenses are those which meet the requirements of Table 10, but do not meet the requirements of Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 or Table 9. They are designed for specific applications.
They might not provide adequate ultraviolet protection, infrared protection, or ultraviolet and infrared protection when used for applications for which they are not designed. Therefore, special purpose protectors and lenses should be used only after a complete hazard assessment and at the discretion of the individual
responsible for the selection of protectors. 
J.6 Prescription (Rx) Eyewear
Wearers of prescription (Rx) eyewear should wear eye protection that incorporates the prescription in its design or that can be worn over prescription lenses without disrupting either the prescription eyewear or the protective eyewear. 

Contact lens wearers should recognize that dusty and/or chemical environments may represent an additional hazard. Contact lenses are not protectors. If contact lens wear is authorized and medically approved
for the use in a hazardous environment, they should only be worn in conjunction with appropriate eye protectors.
J.7 Filter Lenses and Windows
A filter lens meets the ultraviolet, luminous and infrared transmittance requirements of Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 or Table 9 and is permanently marked with a shade/scale number that indicates its transmittance levels in accordance with Table 7, Table 8 or Table 9. Filter lenses of an appropriate shade are suitable for protection from direct exposure to optical radiation from sources of very high radiance, such as welding arcs. Filter lenses are also suitable for protection from sources of low radiance, provided that they are not so dark as to interfere with normal visual performance of the task. 
J.8 Tinted Lenses and Windows Lenses having low luminous transmittance should not be worn indoors, except when needed for protection from optical radiation. Care should be exercised in conjunction with wearing such lenses for driving vehicles with tinted windshields or for night driving. Some polarized lenses may present viewing problems when reading liquid crystal displays. Some tinted lenses may absorb certain wavelengths of visual displays or signs, rendering them unreadable.
J.9 Photochromic Lenses Photochromic lenses darken when exposed to, and fade when removed from, ultraviolet radiation or sunlight. They are frequently used to provide comfortable vision for a wide range of ambient illumination.
They should be used with care where the wearer passes from outdoors to indoors in the course of the job. Photochromic lenses that do not meet the transmittance requirements of Table 6 and the switching index requirements of Table 11 are not suitable for protection from direct exposure to high radiance sources (e.g., welding arcs and unshielded high intensity lamps). Photochromic lenses that do not meet the switching index requirements in Table 11 are not automatic darkening welding filters. Photochromic lenses should be used only after a complete hazard assessment and at the discretion of the person responsible for the selection of protectors. 
J.I0 Protection from Low Radiance Sources of Ultraviolet and Visible Radiation Some lenses that comply with the transmittance requirements of Table 7, but not with all of the requirements of Table 6, can provide sufficient ultraviolet attenuation to be used for protection from direct exposure to ultraviolet sources of low radiance and from indirect exposure (i.e., scattered radiation) to properly shielded ultraviolet sources of high radiance. Lenses that have some attenuation of visible light may also be suitable for protection from scattered light from properly shielded high radiance sources of visible light. 
J.ll Fitting the Protector Careful consideration should be given to comfort and fit. Protectors that fit poorly will not afford the protection for which they were designed. Protectors should be fitted by qualified personnel. Continued wearing of protectors is more likely when they fit the wearer comfortably. Protectors are generally available in a variety of styles and sizes and care should be taken to ensure that the right size is selected for a particular person. For protectors with adjustable fitting features, adjustments should be made on a regular and individual basis for a comfortable fit, which will maintain the protector in its proper wearing position. 

Some protectors may not be compatible with other personal protective equipment when worn together, such as goggles with faceshields, goggles with respirators and spectacles with goggles. The end user should carefully match protectors with other personal protective equipment to provide the protection intended. 

Because of individual facial characteristics, care must be exercised in fitting goggles to ensure that a snug fit around the face is achieved in order to provide adequate protection
Moved to Annex J in the 2010 version and changed to a `should.' The 2010 version is also more technically specific and includes other types of protection including thermal hazards, chemical hazards, dust and glare hazards, etc..
4.7 Persons whose vision requires the use of corrective lenses in spectacles, and who are required by this standard to wear eye protection, shall wear goggles or spectacles of one of
the following types:
(1) Spectacles whose protective lenses provide optical correction,
(2) Goggles that can be worn over corrective spectacles without disturbing the adjustment of the spectacles,
(3) Goggles that incorporate corrective lenses mounted behind the protective lenses.

No similar found.
4.8 Every protector shall be distinctly marked to facilitate identification only of the manufacturer.
6.3.3 Prescription Lens Carriers Behind Plano Protectors 
Plano protectors designed to accept prescription lenses held by a prescription carrier behind the plano lenses shall be tested as a complete device, and shall meet the impact requirements in Section 6.2, if the plano protector is impact-rated. Testing shall be done with prescription lenses in powers of -5.00D and +5.00D. Prescription lens carriers used behind plano protectors shall be marked with the manufacturer's mark or logo but shall not be marked with other Z87 markings.
Only similar provision in 2010 was for plano protectors.
4.9 When limitations or precautions are indicated by the manufacturer, they shall be transmitted to the user arid care taken to see that such limitations and precautions are strictly observed.
10.2 Instructions
Employers and educational authorities shall provide employees and students with all warnings, cautions, instructions and limitations provided with the protector by the manufacturer and inform wearers as to their meaning.
The 2010 version specifies responsibility of employers and educational authorities.
5. Welding Helmets, Hand Shields,
and Face Shields
5.1 Helmets and Hand Shields
6.3.2 Welding Helmets and Welding Faceshields
Welding helmets and welding faceshields shall be impact tested as a complete device. If sold as an integrated, complete device, the welding faceshield shall be tested while attached to each of the specified hard hats, bump caps or other head coverings. 
2010 closest match is for `faceshields' doesn't mention `handshields'. 
5.1.1 Function. The devices described in this section are designed to provide protection for the eyes, face, ears, and neck against intense radiant energy and weld spatter. Typical operations which require helmets or hand shields include various kinds of arc welding, heavy gas cutting, and scarfing.

No similar found. 2010 version does reference a document `Retinal and UVR Hazard Spectral Weighting
Functions'
5.1.2 Types. The helmet and the hand shield
are the only permissible types.
6.3 Additional Impact Requirements for Specific Protector Types

The 1968 and 2010 versions are dissimilar regarding types of protectors.
5.1.3 Styles. The helmet and the hand shield are made to the same basic design and of the same basic materials -- an opaque, bowl-shaped, or modified bowl shaped, device containing a window with filter plate which allows the wearer to see the radiant object, yet prevents harmful intensities of radiation from reaching his eyes, The helmet is supported on the head by an adjustable headgear, while the hand shield has a handle attached to the bottom by which it is held in the hand. The basic designs may be modified to provide protection against special hazards, but modified equipment shall meet the same requirements as the basic design.

The 2010 version references types, does not discuss styles.
5.1.4 Detailed Requirements
5.1.4.1 Rigid Helmet

The 2010 version does not discuss detailed design requirements.
5.1.4.1.1 Helmet Body. The helmet body shall be of such size and shape as to protect the face, forehead, ears, and neck to a vertical line back of the ears. It shall have an opening or openings in the front for filter plates or filter lenses. The helmet body shall be attached to the headgear in such a way that it will not come in contact with any part of the head and that it can be lifted up from in front of the face and hold its position in front of the head. The helmet body shall be made of vulcanized fiber, reinforced plastic, or other suitable material which shall be thermally insulating, noncombustible or slow burning; opaque to visible, ultraviolet, and infrared radiations; and capable of withstanding disinfection. The inside of the helmet body shall have a low light-reflecting finish. Rivets or other metal parts, if terminating on the inside surface, shall be adequately separated from the wearer's head.

In the preface to the standard the 2010 version explains that the discussion of helmets was repetitive.
5.1.4.1.2 Weight. The helmet or hand shield, exclusive of filter or cover plates, shall weigh not more than 28 ounces (793 grams).

No similar found.
5.1.4.1.3 Headgear. The helmet shall have a headgear or cradle that shall hold the helmet body comfortably and firmly on the wearer's head, but shall permit the helmet body to be tilted back over the head. The head gear shall be readily adjustable, for all head sizes from 634 to 7, without the use of tools. The headgear shall be made of materials which are thermally insulating, non-combustible, or slow burning, resistant to heat, and capable of withstanding disinfection. Where required, the headgear shall be fitted with a removable
and replaceable sweatband covering at least the forehead portion of the headband. The sweatband shall be made of leather or other suitable material which is slow burning, and nonirritating.

No similar found.
5.1.4.1.4 Headgear Substitutes. The headgear may be replaced by an impact-resistant hat or cap, or other suitable device to which the helmet body is connected, provided that the helmet body. can be lifted and adjusted to permit unobstructed vision or lowered to furnish complete protection, as required. The alternative device shall meet the requirements for disinfection and resistance to heat, and, in addition, shall meet the applicable requirements of any additional functions such as protection against falling objects
as detailed in Section 5 of USA Standard Safety Code for Head, Eye, and Respiratory Protection, Z2J-1959, or the latest revision thereof.

No similar found.
5.1.4.1.5 Filter- and Cover-Plate Mounting. The front of the helmet body shall be provided with a light-tight plate-mounting frame or frames made of metal, plastic, or other suitable material, which shall be attached securely to the body of the helmet or shall be an integral part of the helmet. The frame shall provide a window through which the welding or cutting operation may be seen by the wearer; the window opening shall be not less than inches wide and 1% inches high, or equivalent in area and visual field. The frame shall permit the removal and replacement of filter and cover plates without the use of tools and without damage to the plates or frame. The mounting shall be so designed that the filter plate will be not less than 2 inches (50.8 millimeters> from the eyes of the wearer.

No similar found.
5.1.4.1.6 Filter Plate.
(1) Dimensions. The filter plate shall be of such dimensions as to fit suitably into the frame and to cover the window; the filter plate shall be not less than 0.080 inch (2 millimeters) no more than 0.130 inch (3.8 millimeters) thick; shall measure not less than 2 inches +- 0.03 inch wide by 4.25 inches +- 0.03 inch long. 
(2) Optical Qualities. Both surfaces of filter plates shall be well polished, and shall be free from striae, waves, or other defects which would impair their optical quality. Filter-plate surfaces shall be flat and substantially parallel; prismatic effects shall not exceed 3' prism diopter (4 minutes of angular deviation).
(3) Transmittance. Filter plates shall conform with the radiant-energy transmittance requirements shown in Table 1 for shades 4.0 through 14.0.
(4) Impact Resistance. When specified, filter plates shall be impact resistant and with. stand the following impact test: 

The filter plate shall be supported on a suit able rigid frame having internal dimensions of 1.77 inches (4.5 centimeters) by 4.02 inches (10.2 centimeters). A washer of neoprene rubber packing of 40 +- 5 durometer reading, not more than) inch thick and of the same internal dimensions as the support, shall be placed between the plate and the support. A s-inch
(15.9 millimeter) steel ball, approximately 0.565 ounce (16 grains), shall be freely dropped from a height of 39 inches (1 meter) onto the center of the horizontal outer surface of the plate. The plate shall not fracture from the impact of the steel ball.
(5) Marking. All filter plates shall be marked with the shade designation and a permanent and legible marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified. In addition, all glass filter plates, when treated for impact resistance, shall be marked with the letter "H".

No similar found.
5.1.4.1.7 Cover Plate. Cover plates, made of plain glass, of glass coated on one or on both sides with plastic, or of a slow-burning solid plastic sheet shall be used to protect the filter plates from damage. The cover plates - shall be the same peripheral size and shape as filter plates, and the thickness of cover plates shall not be less than 0.050 inches. They shall transmit not less than 75 percent of the luminous radiation and shall be substantially free from optical imperfections. Cover plates shall not be heat treated for impact resistance.

No similar found.
5.1.4.2 Hand Shield. Hand shields shall be constructed of materials similar to those used for the helmet and in like manner. The materials, lens-mounting arrangement, and filter and cover plates shall conform to the requirements for the corresponding parts of the helmet body with headgear. The handle shall be made of a material that is a nonconductor of electricity and is noncombustible or slow burning. It shall be of such size and shape as to be held easily by one hand and shall be firmly attached to the lower portion of the shield. Hand shields intended for use by ethers than welding operators shall have filter and cover plates suitable for the intended use.

No similar found.
5.1.4.3 Non-Rigid Helmet. Helmets may be made of nonrigid materials where they are to be used in confined spaces, or may be collapsible for convenience in carrying or in storage. The helmets may be of the same general shape as the rigid helmet except that a more complete covering of the top of the head is necessary in order to maintain the face, side, and windows in proper position. The requirements for the filter plates, cover plates, and lens-mounting frame are the same as for the rigid helmet. A headgear may be used. The material shall be non-conducting and opaque to ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiations. It shall withstand the test for resistance to flame described in Federal Test Methods Standard No. 406. Stitched seams shall be welted. No stitching shall be exposed.

No similar found.
5.1.4.4 Attachments and Auxiliary Equipment
5.1.4.4.1 Lift Front. The lift front shall be fabricated from metal, plastic, or other suitable material. A snap hinge shall be provided so that the front part will stay up or down but will not remain in a partially opened position. The lift-front seal against the helmet shall be light tight. The lift front shall be designed to accommodate three plates; a clear impact-resisting plate in the back or fixed part, a filter plate (impact-resisting when specified), and a cover plate in the front part. The back or fixed-part plate shall be clear heat-treated glass, or plastic, not more than 38 inch thick and shall be capable of withstanding the impact tests specified in 5.1.4.1.6(4).
6.3.1 Devices with Lift Fronts 
Complete devices with lift fronts shall be impact tested with the lift front in the "up" position.

No similar found.

2010 is a test requirement, 1968 is a design requirement.
5.1.4.4.2 Chin Rest. To avoid contact of the helmet with the face of the wearer, a chin rest may be provided. In Lieu of a chin rest, an adjustable position stop may be provided to perform the same function. The chin rest shall be constructed of suitable, rigid material and shall be detachable from the body of the helmet or hand shield.

No similar found.
5.1.4.4.3 Snood. Snoods or back-of-head and-neck protectors shall be of material that is flame resistant, that is a good insulator of heat and electricity, and that is capable of withstanding disinfection. Such devices shall be designed for easy attachment to the helmet, helmet headgear, or cradle.

No similar found.
5.1.4.4A Apron. Aprons or bibs for helmets shall be of non-flammable, non-conducting material that is flexible and capable of withstanding disinfection.

No similar found.
5.1.4.4.5 Auxiliary Magnifier or Enlarger. This may be made of glass or transparent plastic material of optical quality. if used, it shall be the same size as the filter plate.

No similar found.
5.1.4.4.6 Attachments. The characteristics and performance requirements herein provided for welding helmets shall in no way be altered through their attachment to protective hats and caps

No similar found.
5.1.4.5 Special Protective Devices. When respiratory protection is needed against air borne contaminants encountered during welding operations, the appropriate respiratory protective device shall be worn in conjunction with a helmet or hand shield meeting this standard.

No similar found.
5.1.4.6 Flammability. The thinnest section of the rigid helmet or hand shield shall not burn at a rate greater than 3 inches per minute when tested by inserting one end of a 5-inch X
1/2-inch strip of the helmet material in a blue-flame Bunsen burner. The strip shall be inclined at 45 degrees with the 5-inch longitudinal axis horizontal. The burner flame shall be 1/2 inch high. After 10 seconds, the burner shall be removed and the strip allowed to burn. Measurement of the rate of burning shall then be recorded.

No similar found.
5.1.5 Marking. Helmets and shields shall bear a permanent and legible marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified.

5.4 Marking Requirements
All protectors shall bear the permanent markings in specified locations as shown in Table 4a. Markings shall follow the sequence shown in Table 4b. Markings for lens type and use applications shall be required only when claims for protection against the hazard or indicated use are made by the manufacturer. 

In addition, the components of frames that are intended for prescription protector use shall be marked for size in accordance with the system described in ANSI Z80.5-2004. Fronts shall be marked with the A-dimension (eye size) and DBL (distance between lenses). Temples shall be marked with their overall length.. 
2010 version cites ANSI Z80.5-2004.
5.2 Face Shields
5.2.1 Function. The devices described in this section are designed to provide protection to the face (i.e., the front part of the head including forehead, cheeks. nose, mouth. Chin) and neck, where required, from flying particles and sprays of hazardous liquids and, in addition, to provide antiglare protection where required. 

Such devices should be worn over suitable basic eye protection device.

No similar found.
5.2.2 Intended Uses. Some typical uses for face shields include, but are not limited to, the following: 
(1) Woodworking operations where chips and particles fly
(2) Metal machining causing flying particles
(3) Buffing, polishing, wire brushing, and grinding operations were flying particles or objects may strike the face
(4) Spot welding
(5) Handling hot or corrosive materials

No similar found.
5.2.3 Styles and Types. Face shields shall comprise three basic styles: headgear without crown protector headgear with crown protect tor; headgear with crown protector and chin protector.

No similar found.
5.2.3.1 Window. Each of these styles shall accommodate any of the following styles of windows:
(1) clear transparent
(2) colored transparent
(3) wire screen
(4) combination of plastic and wire screen 
(5) fiber window with filter plate mounting 
5.5.2 Screen Windows and Screen Lenses
 Exposed borders of screen windows and cutouts in the screen window (combination plastic and screen) shall be finished in such a manner as to eliminate any sharp, rough or unfinished edges.
Screen windows and lenses are exempt from penetration, optical and minimum thickness requirements.

2010 requirement specifically for screen windows and screen lenses addresses laceration and abrasion hazards, but exempt them from penetration, optical, and minimum thickness requirements.
5.2.4 Materials. Materials used in the manufacture of face shields shall combine mechanical strength and lightness of weight to a high degree, shall be nonirritating to the skin when subjected to perspiration, and shall be capable of withstanding frequent disinfection.  Where metals are used, they shall be resistant to corrosion. Plastic materials shall be slow burning. Clear or colored plastic materials used in windows shall be of an optical grade. Plastic windows shall not be used in connection with welding operations unless they meet the requirements of Section 6.3.4.6 (see Table 1).

No similar found.
5.2.5 General Requirements
5.2.5.1 Assembly. Face shields shall consist essentially of a detachable transparent plastic window, wire-screen window, or opaque frame with window; a tilting support, and adjustable headgear, and, as required, a crown protector and chin protector.

No similar found.
5.2.5.2 Window Shape. The windows shall be designed to fit the contour of the window support. 

No similar found.
5.2.5.3 Window Support. There shall be attached to the headgear a window-supporting or window-holding member which shall be a band or crown protector. The window support shall position the window in front of the face in such a manner as to provide clearance for the nose and eyeglasses of the wearer. 

No similar found.
 5.2.5.4 Window Attachment. The attachment of the window to the window support shall be such as to permit easy removal and replacement. The several sizes and types of windows for a particular face shield shall be interchangeable for attachment to the window support.

No similar found.
5.2.5.5 Headgear. The headgear shall consist of at least a headband and a crown strap. The headgear shall be made from material shaving low heat conductivity. The design shall be such as to hold the window and window support comfortably and firmly in place on the wearer's head, and shall provide for tilting the window away from the face.

No similar found in 2010.
5.2.5.6 Crown Protector. The crown protector shall be shaped to cover at least the frontal portion of the head and shall extend around each side at least to a vertical line at the front of the ears. It may be designed to be an integral part of the window support, or it may be a separate assembly. The design shall be such as to provide a comfortable clearance over the forehead and head of the wearer.

1968 nearly duplicates 5.2.5.5 here. No similar found in 2010.
5.2.5.7 Chin Protector. The chin protector shall be shaped to cover at least the chin and upper part of the neck. The design shall be such as to provide a comfortable clearance under the chin of the wearer.

No similar found.
5.2.6 Detailed Requirements
5.2.6.1 Window Dimensions. Plastic or wire-screen windows without frames shall be not less than 9 inches wide at the top and 83' inches wide at the bottom, measured over their curved surfaces when attached and in position on the window support, and not less than 6 inches high. Windows, when used in frames, shall be not less than 4 inches wide and 2 inches high, and the frames shall conform to the dimensions specified for windows without frames.

Plastic windows shall be not less than 0.040 inch nominal thickness. 

The 2010 version does not give detailed design requirements.
5.2.6.2 Wire-Screen Window. The exposed borders of wire-screen windows shall be suit ably bound or otherwise finished in such a manner as to eliminate any sharp, rough or unfinished edges, using not less than 20-mesh screen. 


5.2.6.3 Window Support. The window support shall be made of vulcanized fiber, plastic, or other suitable material. It shall be pivotally attached to the sides of the headgear to permit easy tilting, either upward or downward, of the supporting member and of the window attached thereto. The window shall be capable of being tilted sufficiently upward so that the
center of its bottom edge shall be out of the line of horizontal vision. The tension of the tilting mechanism shall be sufficient to hold the window without slippage in either the up or the down position.


5.2.6.4 Headgear. The headgear shall be readily adjustable to head sizes from 6 to 7 without the use of tools. Adjusting devices, if used, shall hold firmly in place after being so adjusted. The crown strap or band shall be attached to, and extend between, the front and rear centers or from the middle sides of the headband. It shall form an arc over the head to assist in positioning and holding the head gear in place. Adjusting devices, if used, shall be positive and shall hold firmly in place after being so adjusted. All mechanisms and movements shall be protected so that the wearer's hair cannot catch in the adjusting devices. If required, not less than the forehead portion of the headband shall be provided with a removable and replaceable cushioned sweatband that shall be non-irritating and non-toxic.


5.2.6.5 Crown Protector and Chin Protector. The crown protector and chin protector shall be made of vulcanized fiber, plastic, or other suitable material having an impact resistance not less than that of the plastic window. When the crown protector is used in conjunction with the chin protector for protection against sprays of hazardous liquids, the assembly of the crown protector and window support and the assembly of the chin protector and window shall be splash.proof, that is, shalt not allow Liquids to pass through any openings in the assembly and reach the face. forehead, or chin of the wearer.


5.2.6.6 Headgear Substitutes. For additional protection, the headgear may be replaced by an impact-resistant hat or cap or other suitable device to which the window support is connected. The attachment may be either rigid or swiveled. If swiveled, the design shall le such as to permit lifting and adjusting of the window to permit unobstructed vision or lowering to furnish protection, as required. The substitute device shall meet the requirements for low-heat conductivity and disinfection, and, in addition, shall meet the applicable requirements of any additional functions such as protection against falling objects, as detailed in USAS Z2J-1959.


5.2.7 Marking. Each headgear and each plastic window shall bear a permanent and legible marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified. In addition, each window offered for protection against glare shall bear its shade designation. 


5.2.7.1 Marking for Special Operating Conditions. When face shields are to be used in atmospheres or working areas requiring special conditions of non-conductivity or non-sparking then all materials used shall meet these requirements. Face shields shall be plainly and permanently labeled, identifying them as "nonconductive face shield" or "non-sparking face shield.


5.2.8 Physical Requirements and Methods of Test

5.2.8.1 Impact Resistance, Plastic-Window Face Shield. The face shield shall be mounted on a holder consisting of a standard wooden hat block, size 7. mounted vertically on a wooden support fastened securely to a base. The face shield shall be so mounted that the headband fits snugly around the periphery of the base of the block and the crown strap is in contact with the crown portion of the block. An additional supporting block, approximately 1 inch wide and curved to conform to the shape of the plastic window, shall be provided as a support for the window at its lower end or, if the face shield is provided with a chin rest, as a support under the chin rest. The face shield will then rest in a position such that the axis of the cylindrical window is horizontal and the outer surface of the window is uppermost. The impact Lest shall be made at room temperature (65°F to 35°F) under normal humidity conditions. A i-inch diameter steel ball, weighing approximately 1.56 ounces, shall be freely dropped from a height of 50 inches Onto the apex of the window at a point approximately 3 inches below the point of attachment. The window shall not be fractured nor separated nor removed from any of its points of fastening to the headgear by the impact of the steel ball. 


5.2.8.2 Penetration Resistance, Plastic Window Face Shield. The face shield shall be mounted in a manner described in 5.2.8.1 and shall be tested under similar conditions. A pointed projectile of suitable size, consisting of a ne Singer number 25. size 135 X 17 needle fastened into a holder, weighing approximately 1.56 ounces, shall be freely dropped. needle point downward, from a height of 50 inches onto the apex of the window at a point approximately 3 inches below the point of attachment. The projectile may be guided, but not restricted, in its fall by dropping it through a tube extending to within approximately 4 inches of the face-shield window. The window shall riot be fractured, pierced through, nor separated or removed from any of its points of fastening on the headgear by the impact of the projectile.


5.2.8.3 Visible Transmittance, Plastic Windows. The total visible (luminous) transmittance of clear or colored windows shall be determined by any standard method recognized as suitable by the National Bureau of Standards. A suggested method is described in 6.3.4.6.2. Clear windows shall transmit not less than 85 percent of the incident visible radiation. Colored windows shall transmit as follows:

Shade Percent        Transmittance 
Light                           50 +- 7
Medium                      23 +- 6
Dark                           14 +- 6



5.2.8.4 Flammability, Plastic Windows. The clear or colored plastic window shall not burn at a rate greater than 3 inches per minute when tested by inserting one end of a 5-inch x >- inch strip of the material in a blue-flame Bunsen burner. The strip shall be inclined at 45 degrees with the 5-inch longitudinal axis horizontal. The burner flame shall be 3 inch high. After 10 seconds, the burner shall be removed from the strip and the strip allowed to burn. Measurement of the rate of burning shall then be recorded.


5.2.8.5 Disinfection. All face shield materials shall be such as to withstand, without discoloration or deterioration, the cleansing and disinfection procedure specified in 6.4.3.


6. Eye Protection
6.1 Styles and Functions of Protectors


6.1.1 Goggles, Eyecup
6.1.1.1 Basic Types. Eyecup goggles shall comprise two basic types as follows:
(1) Cup-Type goggles designed to be worn by individuals who do not wear corrective spectacles.
(2) Cover-Cup-Type goggles designed to fit over corrective spectacles. 
5.5 Other Requirements
5.5.1 Goggles
If the goggle is equipped with adjustable ventilation, the protector shall be tested in the maximum open position
5.5.1.1 Direct Ventilation 
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that the openings exclude spherical objects 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) in diameter or greater. 
5.5.1.2 Indirect Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that no direct straight-line passage from the exterior to the interior of the goggle exists.
2010 is more general than 1968, 2010 doesn't discuss models  -  discusses direct and indirect ventilation design.
6.1.1.2 Models. The two basic types of eyecup goggles shall be subdivided into the following classes:
(1) Chipper's models providing impact protection against flying objects.
(2) Dust and Splash models providing protection against relatively fine dust particles or liquid splashes and impact.
(3) Welder's and Cutter's models providing protection against glare, injurious radiations, and impact. 

The basic designs may be modified to provide more protection against special hazards, but the modified equipment shall meet the same requirements as the basic design.
5.5.1 Goggles
If the goggle is equipped with adjustable ventilation, 
5.5.1.1 Direct Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that the openings exclude spherical objects 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) in diameter or greater.
5.5.1.2 Indirect Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that no direct straight-line passage from the exterior to the interior of the goggle exists.

2010 is more general than 1968, 2010 doesn't discuss models  -  discusses direct and indirect ventilation design.
6.1.1.3 General Requirements. All glass filter lenses intended for use under this section, employed in the foregoing models (1), (2), and (3), shall be heat-treated and meet the impact resistance requirements provided in paragraphs 6.3.4.2 or 6.1.L4.6. whichever is applicable. 

Eyecup goggles shall consist of two eyecups, with lenses and lens retainers, connected by an adjustable bridge, and a replaceable and adjustable headband or other means for retaining the eyecups comfortably in front of the eyes. Specific applications for the use of eyecup goggles will be found in Fig. 8. 


6.1.1.4 Detailed Requirements
6.1.1.4.1 Eyecup Material. Eyecups shall be made from a plastic or other material of such composition as to withstand the heat deformation test outlined in 6.1.1.5 and the disinfection, water absorption, and flammability tests outlined in 6.2I

The 2010 version does not give detailed design requirements.
6.1.1.4.2 Vision and Fit
(1) Cup-Type Goggles. Eyecups shall be right, and left in pairs and shall permit an effective angle of vision not less than 105 degrees, assuming that the pupil of the eye is located 17 millimeters behind the inner surface of the lens. The edge of the eyecup which bears against the face shall have a smooth surface free from roughness or irregularities which might exert undue pressure or cause discomfort to the wearer. The eyecups shall be of such shape and size as to protect completely the entire eye sockets. 
(2) Cover-Cup-Type Goggles. Eye cups shall be right and left in pairs and shall permit an effective angle of vision not less than 90 degrees. The goggles shall be designed to provide ample clearance and will not interfere with the spectacles of the wearer. The edges of the goggles which bear against the face shall have a smooth surface free from roughness or irregularities which might exert undue pressure or cause discomfort to the wearer.

6.1.1.4.3 Ventilation
(1) Chipper's Models. Eyecups shall be ventilated in a manner to permit circulation of air. Ventilation openings shall be such as to exclude a spherical particle 0.040 inch Ii millimeter in diameter. 

The equivalent area of opening for ventilation in each eyecup through the side shall be not less than the area of a 5/8-inch (15.9 millimeter) diameter hole. The equivalent area of opening in each eyecup through or around a lens-retaining ring shall be not less than the area of a 5/16-inch (7.9 millimeter) diameter hole. The openings in the side shields shall be such as to exclude any particle that will not pass through an opening 0040 inch (1 millimeter) in diameter. The openings in or around the lens-retaining rings shall be such as to exclude any particle that will not pass through an opening 0.OSO inch (2.03 millimeters). 

(2) Dust and Splash Models. Eyecups shall be ventilated in a manner to permit circulation of air. The ventilation openings shall be baffled or screened to prevent the direct passage of clut or liquids into the interior of the eyecups.

The equivalent area of openings of ventilation in each eyecup shall be not less than the area of a 1/4-inch ((5.33 millimeter) diameter hole.

(3) Welder's and Cutter's Models. Eyecups shall be ventilated in a manner to permit circulation of air and shall be opaque from 1.900 to 12,000 angstrom units. 

The ventilation opening shall be baffled to prevent the passage of light rays into the interior of the eyecups. The equivalent area of openings of ventilation in each eyecup shall be not less than the area of a 1/4-inch (6.35 millimeter) diameter hole.
5.5.1 Goggles
If the goggle is equipped with adjustable ventilation, the protector shall be tested in the maximum open position 
5.5.1.1 Direct Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that the openings exclude spherical objects 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) in diameter or greater.
5.5.1.2 Indirect Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that no direct straight-line passage from the exterior to the interior of the goggle exists.

2010 is more general than 1968.
6.1.1.4.4 Lens-Retaining Ring. Each eyecup shall be provided with a rigidly constructed lens-retaining ring of metal or of plastic designed to accommodate lenses and to permit their ready removal and replacement without damage to the eyecup or to the lenses and without the use of tools. The ring shall provide a complete clamping action against the lens. Lens retainers for welder's and cutter's models shall be such as to accommodate a filter lens, fiber gasket, and cover lens.


6.1.1.4.5 Lens Seat. Each eyecup shalt have a lens seat sufficiently wide to support the lens and to resist the falling inward of the broken lens when the lens is subjected to the impact test specified in 6J.l.4.6. 


6.1.l.4.6 Lens Impact Resistance
(1) Chipper's Models and Dust and Splash Models. Clear and absorptive lenses for shades 1.7 through 3.0 shall be subjected to the impact test specified in 6.3.4.2.
(2) Welder's and Cutter's Models. Filter lenses shall be subjected to the following impact test: the lens shall be removed from the eyecup and shall be placed flat on the end of a wooden tube having an internal diameter of 1.77 inches (45 millimeters) and a rim to fit the lens. A washer of neoprene rubber packing of a 40 plus or minus 5 durometer reading, not more than 1/8- inch thick, and of the same internal diameter as the tube, shall be placed between the lens and the tube. A -inch steel ball shall be freely dropped from a height of 50 inches W27 meter) onto the horizontal outer surface of the lens. The lens shall not fracture from the impact of the steel ball.

Glass cover lenses (circles) shall not be heat treated for impact resistance.


6.1.1.4.7 Marking. All filter lenses shalt be marked with the shade designation and a permanent and legible marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified. In addition, all glass filter lenses, when treated for impact resistance, shall be marked with the letter "H."

SEE Table 4a. Marking Requirements

2010 uses table 4a for marking.
6.1.1.5 Heat Deformation Test. Eyecup goggles shall be tested for heat deformation by mounting the eyecup. with lenses and retaining ring in place, on a wooden block with a weight as shown in Fig. 2. and placing the whole assembly in a forced draft oven for one hour. The temperature of the oven shall be maintained at 150°F (65.6°C) for chipper's models and dust and splash models, and at 180°F (82° C) for welder's and cutter's models. After one hour, the assembly shall be removed from the oven and shall be allowed to cool, alter which the dimensions (A), (B), and (D) shown in Fig. 1 shall be measured. 

The maximum deviation from the original dimensions shall not exceed the following: For dimensions (A) and (B), 34 percent, and for dimension ID), 5 percent. After testing, the retaining ring and the cup of the eyecup shall fit in a snug but not tight manner. The eyecup shall be mounted on the wooden block as follows: With the facial edge of the cup down and the lens horizontal, the bridge size fastened to the block by means of a piece of wire, with the eyecup resting on the edge of the block, which has a -inch radius, and 680- gram weight suspended from the eyecup by means of a piece of wire, one end of which is attached to the weight and the other end fastened in the temple-side headstrap hole (Fig. 2).

No similar found.
6.1.2 Spectacles, Metal, Plastic, and Combination Metal and Plastic 

No similar found. Discussion at beginning of 2010 version on changes to the standard mentions spectacles.
6.1.2.1 Description. Safety spectacles require special frames. Therefore combinations of street-wear frames with safety lenses meeting this standard are definitely not in compliance. 

Spectacles shall consist of two lenses in a frame which supports the tenses around their entire periphery, of suitable size and shape for the purpose intended, connected by a nose bridge, and retained on the face by temples or other suitable means. The spectacles shall be furnished with or without sideshields depending upon their intended use. The frames, temples, and sideshields can be of metal or plastic construction and when made of plastic shall be of the slow-burning type. 

No similar found.
6.1.2.1.1 Protection. Spectacles shall provide protection to the eye from flying objects, and when required, from glare and injurious radiations. Spectacles without sideshields are intended to provide frontal protection. Where side as well as frontal protection is required, the spectacles shall be provided with sideshields. Specific applications for use will be found in Fig. 8. 

No similar found.
6.1.2.1.2 Marking These frames shall be designed for industrial exposure and shall bear a trademark identifying the manufacturer on both fronts and temples. The frame front shall carry a designation of the eye size and bridge size (where applicable). Temples will be marked as to the overall length or fitting value.

No similar found.
6.1.2.1.3 Frame and Lens Sizes. Spectacle frame and lenses shall be of identical shape and configuration and of such dimensions to assure support of the lens by the lens frame around its entire periphery. 

The frames and lenses may be available in 42.., 44-, 46-, 18-, and 50-millimeter eye sizes and the distance between the lenses (bridge size) measured at the nearest point of bridge gap shall range from 18 millimeters to 26 millimeters and shall be specified. A tolerance of the specified bridge size plus or minus 1- millimeter shall be permitted. A saddle or universal fitting bridge may be used. 

Piano lenses shall be flat or 6.00 diopter curve, and corrective lenses are to be as specified on the individual prescription.

No similar found.
6,1.2.1.4 Temples. Temples may be of the cable or spatula type as specified, and shall be of such design as to permit adjustment and fit comfortably and securely on the wearer. The size of the temples shall be clearly marked.

No similar found.
6.1.2.2 Detailed Requirements
6.1.2.2.1 Type 1 -- Metal Frame
(1) Style A -- Without Sideshields. Front. The front member of the frame shall consist of two metal lens-frames connected by a nose-bridge member. The bridge shall be a single-bar bridge or a braced-bar bridge. In addition, there may be an upper-brace (brow) bar. All points of attachment of metal components shall be brazed (hard-soldered) or welded. 

The lens frame shall consist of a rim with a lens groove designed to fit the lenses specified herein. Each lens frame shall be provided with a high-positioned endpiece or lens clamp, and in addition shall be of such construction as to permit the independent changing of lenses or temples. 

Temples. Temples of the metal-cable type shall be prefitted to the average ear shape and the cable section or flexible portion shall be covered with a flexible plastic, the terminal ends of which shall be secured to prevent any tendency to slip off the metal core. Cable temples may be provided in 5 (3/4)-,6-,6 (1/4)-,6 (1/2)-,6 (3/4)- and 7-inch overall lengths, plus or minusy8 inch. Cable temples shall be similar to Fig.3 in configuration. Spatula temples for metal frames shall consist of a metal temple, the rear portion of which shall be covered by a plastic paddle and preformed to average ear conformance. Temple lengths shall be based upon fitting values and may be provided in 3 (3/4)-,4-,4 (1/4)-,4 (1/2)-,4 (3/4)-,5-,5 (1/4)-,5 (1/2)- and 5 (3/4)-inch lengths, plus or minus s-inch length to bend (joint to ear length). Spatula temples shall be similar to Fig. $ in configuration. 

Fitting value is determined by obtaining the distance from the end piece of the glasses to a point approximately (1/4) inch below the top of the ear, measured behind the ear. 

Nose Pads. Metal frame spectacles may be equipped with nose pads of the adjustable rocking-pad type or the rigid nonadjustable type. The plastic parts of the pads shall be made of noncombustible or slow-burning material.

Nose pads of the adjustable rocking-pad type shall be of metal reinforced plastic construction. The shaping and reinforcing elements of the pad shall consist of an inserted metal blade and the nose pads shall be securely attached to pad arms of the goose-neck type. The pad arms shall be sufficiently strong to prevent accidental maladjustment and shall be bend able by means of opticians pliers to permit adjustment to fit individual wearers. 

Nose pads of the rigid type wilt consist of a suitable insert element of plastic or other material which shall be inserted into the bridge area of the metal frame and be securely held in place. This rigid pad element may be of the conventional keyhole-type construction or of the universal or saddle-bridge construction.

(2) Style B -- With Sideshields. In addition to the general requirements of Style A, Style B frames shall be equipped with sideshields designed to prevent the entry of flying particles from the side of the wearer. The sideshields themselves shall consist of wire screen, perforated plastic, or non-perforated plastic. The sideshields shall not be easily detachable from the frame, and in particular snap-on or clip-on types of sideshields are not acceptable unless secured. Sideshields shall be pivoted to permit their folding when the spectacles are not in use. The sideshields shall be tapered with an anatomical periphery, extending at least half-way around the circumference of the lens frame, shall fit snugly without binding on the frame, and the edges of the sideshield which come in contact with the face shall be smooth and rounded. 

Wire-Mesh Sideshields. Wire-mesh sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds a 20- to 40-mesh wire screen. The wire section of the sideshield may have either a bright or dull finish. The metallic components shall be able to withstand he sterilization process as described in 8,2.2. Perforated Plastic Sideshields. 

Perforated plastic sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds the perforated plastic section. The perforated plastic section shall have a minimum area of ventilation of from 0.02925 square inches to 0.0585 square inches, and perforations shall be of such size as to exclude a 1.5-millimeter diameter sphere.

Non-Perforated Plastic Sideshields. Nonperforated plastic sideshields shall meet the same requirements as above except for the ventilating holes which will not be present. In addition, this type of sideshield, where used for glare protection, shall have transmission to incident visible light of not less than 25 percent and not more than 45 percent. 

2010 does not give detailed design requirements.
6.1.2.2.2 Type lI -- Plastic Frame 
(1) Style A -- Without Sideshield. Front. The front member of plastic frames shall consist of two lens frames connected by a nose-bridge member. The plastic shall not have toxic effects on skin or offensive odors. Frames shall have an adequate polish and shall afford a reasonable degree of comfort to the wearer and shall be readily fitted in the conventional manner. Lens frames shall contain grooves to fit accurately with lenses specified in the sizes outlined in section 6.1.2.1.3, and shall be provided with high-positioned end-pieces. The perpendicular distance from the center of the temple hinge to a line connecting the geometric centers of the lens frames shall be not less than 6 millimeters. Construction and materials of the lens frames shall be such that lenses of identical size and shape may be readily removed and replaced.

Front and temple hinges shall be securely fastened, and shall mesh in a suitable manner and be joined in such a way as to eliminate accidental loosening while still providing ititer changeability. 
The frame front may consist of a single-color plastic or of the two-tone plastic type, and may or may not contain a reinforcing bar. 

Plastic frame fronts may have a conventional keyhole-type bridge, a saddle bridge, or universal-type bridge. 

Temples. Cable temples shall be pre-fitted to the average ear shape, and the cable section or flexible portion shall be covered with a flexible plastic, the terminal ends of which shall be secured to prevent any tendency to slip off the metal core. The temple itself may be of all metal construction or of combination metal and plastic construction. Where metal-plastic construction is used, the rigid area of the temple shall be covered with plastic material similar to the material of the frame front. In the all-metal cable-temple Construction, this forward area may- or may not be covered. Cable temples may be provided in 5 (3/4)-,6-,6 (1/4)-,6 (1/2)-,6 (3/4)-, and 7-inch lengths plus or minus .!- inch, Cable temples shall be similar to Fig. 3 in configuration. 

Spatula temples for plastic frames may Consist of suitable plastic, metal-reinforced plastic, or of all-metal construction. The rear portion of these temples shall be performed to the average ear configuration, The metal-reinforced plastic:: type temple shall consist of a central metal core and plastic material similar to that of the frame front. In the all-metal temple construction the terminal or back end of the temple shall be covered by plastic. Temple lengths shall be based upon fitting values and may be provided in 3 (3/4)-,4-,4 (1/4)-,4 (1/2)-,4 (3/4)-,5-,5 (1/4)-,5 (1/2)-, and 5 3/4-inch lengths plus or minus 3-inch length to bend (joint to ear length). Spatula temples shall be similar to Fig. 4 in configuration,

All temple hinges shall be securely fastened to the temple (cable or spatula) and shall readily mesh with and match the hinge on the spectacle frame front. 

Nose pads for plastic-frame-front spectacles may be of the rigid type (an integral part of the frame front) or may be of the adjustable plastic-covered rocking type which are securely attached to the frame front. The rocking pad (adjustable-pad type) shall consist of metal-reinforced slow-burning plastic-covered nose pads. The shaping and reinforcing elements of the pad shall consist of an inset-ted metal blade, and the nose pads shall be securely attached to pad arms of the goose-neck type. The pad arms shall be sufficiently strong to prevent accidental maladjustment and shall be bendable by means of art optician's pliers to permit adjustment to fit the individual wearer, The pad arms shall be securely attached to the frame front in such a manner that they will not work loose when the pad arms are adjusted, 

(2) Style B -- With Sideshields. In addition to the general requirements of Style A, Style B plastic frames shall be equipped with sideshields to prevent the entry of flying particles from the side of the wearer. The sideshields themselves shall consist of wire screen, perforated plastic, or non-perforated plastic. The sideshields shall not be easily detachable from the frame, and, in particular, snap-on or clip-on types of sideshields are not acceptable unless secured. Sideshields shall be pivoted to permit.their folding when the spectacles are not in use. The sideshield shall be tapered with an anatomical periphery extending at least halfway around the circumference of the lens frame, shall fit snugly without binding on the frame, and the edges of the sidesbield which come in contact with the face shall be smooth and rounded. 

Wire. Mesh Sideshields. Wire-mesh sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds a 20- to 40-mesh wire screen. The wire section of the sideshield may have either a bright or dull finish to aid in peripheral vision. The metallic components shall be able to withstand the sterilization process as described in 6.2.2

Perforated Plastic Sideshields. Perforated plastic sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds the perforated plastic section. The perforated plastic section shall have a minimum area of ventilation of from 0.02925 square inches to 0.0585 square inches and perforations shall be of such size as o exclude a 1,5-millimeter diameter sphere. 

Non.Perforated Plastic Sideshields, Non perforated plastic sideshields shall meet the same requirements as above except for the ventilating holes which vi1l not be present. In addition, this type of sideshield, where used for glare protection, shall have transmission to incident visible light of not less than 25 percent and not more than 45 percent.

No similar found.
6.1.2.2.3 Type 111 -- Combination Metal and Plastic Frames.
(1) Style A -- Without Sideshields. The front member of the frame shall consist of two metal lens frames connected by a nose-bridge member. All points of attachment of metal components shall be brazed (hard-soldered) or welded. In addition, there shall be an overlay over each eye. The plastic material shall not have toxic effects on skin or offensive odors. The lens-frame shall consist of a rim with a lens-groove designed to fit the lenses specified herein. Each lens-frame shall be provided with a high-positioned end-piece or lens-clamp, and in addition shall be of such construction as to permit the independent changing of lens or temple. 

Temples. Cable temples shall be pre-fitted to the average ear shape, and the cable section or flexible portion shall be covered with a flexible plastic, the terminal ends of which shall be secured to prevent any tendency to slip off the metal core. The temple itself may be of all metal construction or of the combination metal and plastic construction. Where metal-plastic construction is used, the rigid area of the temple may be covered with plastic material similar to the plastic material of the frame front. In the all-metal cable temple construction this forward area may or may not be covered. Cable temples may be provided in 5 (3/4)-,6-,6 (1/4)-,6 (1/2)-,6 (3/4)-, and 7-inch lengths plus or minus } inch. Temples shall be similar to Figs. 3 and 4 in configuration and sizes. 

Spatula temples for combination frames may consist of suitable plastic of the metal reinforced plastic type or of all-metal construction. The rear portion of these temples shall be performed to the average ear configuration. The metal-reinforced plastic-type temple shall consist of a central metal core and plastic material similar to that of the frame front. In the all-metal temple construction the terminal or back end of the temple shall be covered by a plastic paddle. Temple lengths shall be based upon fitting values and may be provided in 3 (3/4)-,4-,4 (1/4)-,4 (1/2)-,4 (3/4)-,5-,5 (1/4)-,5 (1/2)-, and 5 3/4-inch lengths plus or minus 34 inch length to bend (joint to ear length). Spatula temples shall be similar to Fig. 4 in configuration. 

All temple hinges shall be securely fastened to the temple (cable or spatula) and shall readily mesh with and match the hinge on the spectacle frame front. 

Nose Pads. Combination frame spectacles may be equipped with nose pads of the adjustable rocking-pad type or the rigid non-adjust able type. The plastic parts of the pads shall be made of noncombustible or slow-burning material. 

Nose pads of the adjustable rocking-pad type shall be of metal-reinforced plastic construction. The shaping and reinforcing elements of the pad shall consist of an inserted metal blade, and the nose pads shall be securely attached to pad arms of the goose-neck type. The pad arms shall be sufficiently strong to prevent accidental maladjustment and shall be bendable by means of optician's pliers to permit adjustment to fit individual wearers. 

(2) Style B -- With Sideshields. In addition to the general requirements of Style A Style B frames shall be equipped with sideshields designed to prevent the entry of flying particles from the side of the wearer. The sideshields themselves shall consist of wire screen, perforated plastic, or nonperforated plastic. The sideshields shall not be easily detachable from the frame. and, in particular, snap-on or clip-on types of sideshields are not acceptable unless secured. Sideshields shall be pivoted to permit their folding when the spectacles are not in use. The sideshields shall be tapered with an anatomical periphery, extending at least half-way around the circumference of the lens frame, shall fit snugly without binding on the frame, and the edges of the sideshield which come in contact with the face shall be smooth and rounded. 

Wire-Mesh Sideshields. Wire-mesh sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds a 20- to 40-mesh wire screen. The wire section of the sideshield may have either a bright or dull finish. The metallic components shall be able to withstand the corrosion-resistance process as described in 6.2.3. 

Perforated Plastic Sideshields. Perforated plastic sideshields shall consist of a frame of metal or plastic which securely holds the perforated plastic section. The perforated plastic section shall have a minimum area of ventilation of from 0.02925 square inches to 0.0585 square inches, and perforations shall be of such size as to exclude a 1.5-millimeter diameter sphere.

Non-perforated Plastic Sideshields Non-perforated plastic sideshields shall meet the requirements as above except for the ventilating holes which will not be present. In addition, this type of sideshield, where used for glare protection, shall have transmission to incident visible light of not less than 25 percent and not more than 45 percent.

No similar found.
6.1.2.4 Materials and Methods of Test 6.1.2.4.1 General. In addition to5pecific requirements outlined hereafter, materials used shall be capable of withstanding the disinfection, corrosion-resistance, water-absorption. and flammability tests outlined in 6.2.

No similar found.
6.1.2.4.2 Strength of Lens Containers.
That portion of the frame which supports the lenses shall be of sufficient strength to with stand, without breakage and without dis-lodging the Lens. the fracture-resistance test for Lenses specified in (6.3.4.2).

No similar found.
6.1.2.4.3 Type I -- Metal Frames
(1) Strength of Joints. The soldered, brazed, or welded joints shall be given the following tests to demonstrate their strength and durability. The lens containers with lenses in place shall be gripped one in each hand, with the thumbs bearing on the outer surface near the bridge and the fingers on the inner surface of the lenses near the junction of the bridge and the lens container. The frame shall then be bent, the direction of motion being in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the lenses, until the outer surfaces of the lenses face each other, the outer ends of the frame touching. The frame shall then be bent back to its original shape and a careful inspection made for failure in the joints. All frames tested shall pass this test without developing visible joint fracture. Frames with upper-brace (brow) bars shall have the brace bar cut before per. forming test.
(2) Flat Transverse Test. The right lens container of each frame tested shall be laid flat, with the outer surface of the lens downward, on a firm, level support so that the left lens and one-half of the bridge project beyond the edge of the support, and it shall be held in this position. .-\ spring balance shall be attached to the outermost portion of the frame of the left lens. and a downward force of 8 ounces (227 grams hail be applied while the right Lens frame is rigidly held. Alter removal of the load no permanent deformation shall he apparent in the frame.
(3) Edge Transverse Test. The right lens container of each frame tested shall be held vertically in one hand and the lower edge of the left lens container, as worn, shall be pressed against one of the platforrn of an equal-arm balance having a weight of 3 pounds on the other platform. The pressure shall be increased until the weight is balanced, where upon the frame shall be removed and examined. No permanent deformation shall be apparent in the frame.

No similar found.
6.1.2.4.4 Type TI -- Plastic Frames
(1) Flat Transverse Test. Each frame tested shall have one lens container laid flat with the outer surface of the lens downward on a firm, level support so that the lens container and one-half of the bridge project be yond the edge of the support. It shall be held firm in this position. Suitable weights shall be attached to the outermost portion of the frames so that a downward force of 16 ounces (454 grams) shall be applied. Upon removal of the load, no deformation shall be apparent in the frame.
(2) Edge Transverse Test. Each plastic frame tested shall contain the lenses and shall have the right lens container held vertically in one hand and the lower edge of the left lens container, as worn, pressed against one of the platforms of an equal-arm balance having a weight of 5 pounds on the other plat form. The pressure shall be increased until the weight is balanced, whereupon the frame shall be removed and examined. No deformation shall be apparent.

No similar found.
6.1.2.4,5 Type 111 -- Combination Metal-Plastic Frames
(I) Strength of Joints. The soldered. brazed, or welded joints shall be given the following tests to demonstrate their strength and durability. The lens containers with lenses in place shall be gripped one in each hand. with the thumbs bearing on the outer surface near the bridge, and the fingers on the inner surface of the lenses near the Junction of the bridge and the lens container. The frame shall then be bent, the direction of motion being in a plane perpendicular to surface of the lenses, until the outer surfaces of the lenses face each other. the outer ends of the frame touching. The frame shall then be bent back to its original shape and a careful inspection made for failure in the joints. All frames tested shall pass this test without developing visible joint fracture.
(2) Flat Transverse Test. The right lens container of each frame tested shall be laid flat, with the outer surface of the lens downward, on a firm, level support so that the left lens and one-half of the bridge project beyond the edge o the support, and it shall be held in this position. A spring balance shall be attached to the outermost portion of the frame of the left lens, and a downward force of 8 ounces (227 grams) shall be applied while the right lens frame is rigidly held. After removal of the load no permanent deformation shall be apparent in the frame. 
(3) Edge Transverse Test. The right lens container of each frame tested shall be held vertically in one hand and the lower edge of the left lens container, as worn, shall be pressed against one of the platforms of an equal-arm balance having a weight of 3 pounds on the other platform. The pressure shall be increased until the weight is balanced, where upon the frame shall be removed and examined. No permanent deformation shall be apparent in the frame.

No similar found.
6.1.3 Goggles, Flexible, or Cushioned Fitting. 
6.1.3.1 Description. Goggles shall consist of a wholly flexible frame forming a lens holder, or with separable lens holder; or a rigid frame with integral lens or lenses. having a separate, cushioned fitting surface on the full periphery of the facial contact area. Materials used shall be chemical-resistant, nontoxic, non-irritating and slow-burning. There shall be a positive means of support on the face, such as an adjustable headband of suitable material or other suitable means of support to retain the frame comfortably and snugly in place in front of the eyes. When the frame is a lens holder or has a separable lens holder, it should be such that the lens or lenses are held firmly and tightly and may be removed or replaced without the use of tools. The goggles may be ventilated or not, as required by their intended use. Where chemical goggles are ventilated, the openings shall be such as to render the goggles splash proof.
5.5.1 Goggles
If the goggle is equipped with adjustable ventilation, the protector shall be tested in the maximum open position 
5.5.1.1 Direct Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that the openings exclude spherical objects 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) in diameter or greater.
5.5.1.2 Indirect Ventilation
The vented portion of the goggle shall be such that no direct straight-line passage from the exterior to the interior of the goggle exists
5.6 Replaceable Lenses
5.6.1 Goggles
Round lenses measuring 50 mm (1.97 in.) shall have a dimensional tolerance of +- 0.2 mm (0.007 in.). Rectangular lenses measuring 51 x 108 mm (2.00 x 4.25 in.) shall have a dimensional tolerance of +- 0.8 mm (0.031 in.).

2010 seems to focus on safety hazards while 1968 seems to focus on design requirements.
6.1.3.2 Models
(1) Chipper's models shall provide protection against impact.
(2) Dust and Splash models shall provide protection from fine dusts. fumes. liquids.splashes, mists, and spray, alone or with reflected light or glare, wind, and impact.
(3) Welder's and Cutter's models shall provide protection against glare, injurious radiations, and impact. Eye cups and lens holders shall be opaque from 1,900 to 12,000 angstrom units.

No similar found.
6.1.3.3 Application. Specific application for use of these goggles will be found in Fig. 8, Selection Chart.

No similar found.
6.1.3.4 General Requirements. All glass filter lenses or plates intended for use under this section, employed in the foregoing models (1), (2), and (3), shall be heat treated and meet the impact-resistance requirements in paragraphs 5.1.4.1.6(4), 6.3.4.2, or 6.1.1.4.6, whichever is applicable. 

Goggles shall be so designed as to protect completely the eye sockets and the facial area immediately adjacent to and surrounding the eyes of the wearer to protect the eye from side exposure. Where required, the design shall be such that the goggles will fit over ordinary spectacles worn by the wearer. Goggles shall be so designed as to afford an effective angle of vision of not less than 90 degrees. Where the goggle consists of an opaque frame and is designed for protection against radiant energy, the angle of vision is not applicable. The methods of, attachment to frame shall be such that the lens vill not be inwardly dislodged from its seat when it is subjected to the impact resistance or penetration tests specified in 6.3.4.2, 6.3.4.3. or 6.1.1.4.6(4), whichever is applicable. Where a rigid frame design is used, the cushioned fitting substance affixed for peripheral contact shall be of sufficient thick ness or diameter to maintain a seal with com fort and conformity to normal facial contours. 

No similar found.
6.1.3.5 Materials and Methods of Test.
Plastic lenses used in flexible-fitting goggles and lens areas of cushioned-fitting goggles shall be not less than 0.050 inch in thickness. Materials used shall be capable of withstanding the disinfection, corrosion-resistance, water absorption, and flammability tests outlined in 6.2. 

No similar found.
6.1.3.6 Marking
(1) Frames shall bear a trademark or name identifying the manufacturer. 
(2) Each separate lens shall be distinctly marked in a manner by which the manufacturer may be identified.
(3) In addition, all heat-treated glass filter plates or lenses shall be marked with the shade designation and the letter is "H"
4) Such marking shall be clear cut and permanent and so placed as not to interfere with the vision of the wearer.

No similar found, but marking is discussed in the introduction to 2010.
6.1.4 Goggles, Foundrymen's
6.1.4.1 Description. Goggles shall consist of a mask made of a flexible, nonirritating and noncombustible or slow-burning material, such as leather or flexible plastic, suitable lens holders attached thereto, lenses, and a positive means of support on the face, such as an adjustable headband, to retain the mask comfortably and snugly in place in front of the eyes. The edge of the mask on contact with the face shall be provided with a binding of corduroy or other suitable material. The lens holders shall be so designed that the lenses are held firmly and tightly and may be readily removed or replaced. The lens holders shall be ventilated to permit circulation of air. Ventilation opening shall exclude a spherical particle 0.039 inch (1 millimeter) in diameter. For protection against heavy concentrations of dust, the use of a fine-mesh screen lining (100-mesh screen) is recommended. Such lining shall be suitably and permanently fastened to the inside surface of each lens holder assembly.

No similar found.
6.1.4.2 Protection. The goggles shall provide protection against impact and hot-metal splash hazards encountered in foundry operations such as melting, pouring, chipping, babbitting, grinding, and riveting. Where required, they shall also provide protection against dusts.

No similar found.
6.1.4.3 Application. Specific application for use of foundrymen's goggles will be found in Fig. S.

No similar found.
6.1.4.4 Materials and Methods of Test.
Materials used shall be capable of withstanding the disinfection, corrosion-resistance, water absorption and flammability tests outlined in 6.2. 

Impact and penetration-resistance tests shall be as specified in 6.1.1.4.6(4), 6.3.4.2, or 6.3.1.3. whichever is applicable.

No similar found.
6.2 Materials and Methods of Test of Protectors
6.2.1 Materials. Materials used in the manufacture of eye protectors shall combine mechanical strength and lightness of weight to a high degree, shall be nonirritating to the skin when subjected to perspiration, and shall with stand frequent disinfection by the methods hereinafter prescribed. Where metals are used they shall be inherently corrosion-resistant. Where plastic materials are used, such materials shall be noncombustible or slow burning. Cellulose nitrate, or materials having flammability characteristics approximating those of cellulose nitrate, shall not be used.

No similar found.
6.2.2 Disinfection. All materials shall be such as to withstand, without deterioration or discoloration, the cleansing and disinfection procedure specified in 6.4.3.

No similar found.
6.2.3 Corrosion Resistance. Testing for corrosion shall be in accordance with the requirements of USA Standard Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing, Z118.l-1966 (ASTM B117-64),or the latest revision thereof.
5.2.4 Corrosion Resistance of Metal Components 
When tested in accordance with Section 9.8, metal components used in protectors shall be corrosion resistant to the degree that the function of the protector shall not be impaired by the corrosion. Lenses and electrical components are excluded from these requirements.
2010 specific to metal components.
6.2.4 Water Absorption. Plastic parts shall be tested for water absorption and the results calculated in accordance with Test Method Number 7031 of Federal Test Methods Standard 406. The amount of the water absorbed shall not exceed five percent. 

No similar found.
6.2.5 Flammability
6.2.5.1 Flammability Test. A section at least one inch long of the plastic components of the frame shall be exposed to a test for deter mining the flame-propagation rate. For this purpose the frame components (eye wire, temples, and sideshields) shall be ignited individually by holding one end of the specimen horizontally at the top of a luminous 3-inch Bunsen burner flame in a draft-free room. The rate of propagation determined by a stop watch shall be 24 seconds per inch or less. A faster rate of propagation shall be cause for rejection.

No similar found.
6.3 Lenses
6.3.1 Types of Lenses. Lenses intended for use in protectors covered by this code shall comprise four basic types, as follows: 
(1) Clear Lenses. Impact-resisting. providing protection against flying objects.
(2) Absorptive Lenses (Shades 1.7 through 3.0) 
(a)Impact-.resisting, providing protection against flying objects and glare.
(b) Impact-resisting, providing protection against flying objects, and narrow-band spectral transmittance against injurious radiation.
(3) Protective-Corrective Lenses. Impact resisting, either clear or absorptive, as specified for persons requiring visual correction.
(4) Filter Lenses.' Impact-resisting, providing protection against flying objects and injurious radiation.

No similar found.
6.3.2 General Requirements
6.3.2.1 Optical Quality. All lenses shall be made of material suitable for ophthalmic use and both surfaces of the lenses shall be well polished and free from visible surface defects. The lenses shall be free from striae, bubbles, waves, and other visible defects and flaws which would impair their optical quality.
5.1 Optical requirements
5.1.1 Optical Quality
When tested in accordance with Section 9.1, protector lenses shall be free of striae, bubbles, waves and other visible defects which would impair their optical quality.

2010 version doesn't mention suitable materials or polishing..
6.3.2.2 Prismatic and Refractive Power. The prismatic effect of a non-corrective lens shall not exceed 1/16 prism diopter (2 minutes of angular deviation). The refractive power, in any meridian, of any non-corrective lens shall not exceed plus or minus 1/16 diopter. The difference in refractive power of any two meridians shall not exceed 1/16 diopter.
5.1.5 Refractive Power, Astigmatism, Prism and Prism Imbalance for Prescription Protectors

 For prescription protectors, the tolerance on refractive power, astigmatism, prism and prism imbalance shall be those contained in ANSI Z80.1-2005, American National Standard/or Ophthalmics - Prescription Ophthalmic Lenses - Recommendations. 

NOTE: There is no resolving power requirement for prescription lenses.
2010 for prescription protectors; 1968 for noncorrective lenses.
6.3.2.3 Size Tolerances. Circumferential tolerances of lenses shall be held sufficiently close to permit interchangeability or replacement in their respective frames.

No similar found.
6.3.2.4 Edges. The edges of the lenses shall be smooth and, where required, lenses shall be bevelled and such bevelled edges shall be dull-finished.

No similar found.
6.3.2.5 Haze. Plastic lenses of all types shall exhibit not more than six percent haze when tested in accordance with the requirements of Federal Test Methods Standard 406
(see Appendix Al).
5.1.3 Haze
When tested in accordance with Section 9.3, clear plano lenses shall not exhibit more than 3% haze.
2010 haze limit half of 1968 limit. 2010 cites Section 9.3 for test, limts to plano lenses.
6.3.2.6 Lenses for Persons Requiring Visual Correction. Persons whose vision requires the use of corrective lenses in spectacles and who are required by these rules to wear protective goggles shall use protectors of one of
the following types:
(1) Safety spectacles whose protective lenses provide the proper optical correction and withstand the drop test specified in 6.3.4.2. (Such lenses are exempted from the requirements for parallelism of surfaces. Minimum thickness of prescription lenses shall be 3.0 millimeters. except in the case of lenses of strong plus power, when the edge thickness may be reduced to 2.5 millimeters, provided they meet the impact test specified in 6.3.4.2.) 
(2) Goggles which can be worn over corrective spectacles without disturbing the adjustment of the spectacles.

No similar found.
6.3.3 Detailed Requirements
6.33J Lens Thickness. Glass or plastic lenses for use in eyecup goggles, metal- or plastic-frame or metal-plastic  0 millimeters, nor more than 3.8 millimeters in thickness. (For corrective lenses, see paragraph 6.3.2.6C 1).)
5.3 Minimum Lens Thickness
The minimum lens thickness for specified protectors shall be those indicated in Table 3. 

See Table 3. Minimum Lens Thickness 

2010 requirement for minimum only.
6.3.3.2 Marking. Each lens shall be distinctly marked in a permanent and legible manner with the manufacturer's monogram. Such marking shall be so placed as not to interfere with the vision of the wearer.

Each filter lens shall be marked with the shade designation. Each glass filter lens shall be marked with the letter "H" to indicate treatment for impact resistance.


6.3.3.3 Transmittance
6.3.3.3.1 Absorption Lenses (Shades 1.7 through 3.0). Absorptive lenses shall meet the radiant-energy-transmission requirements hereinafter specified (see Table 1). They shall be supplied in pairs. For shades 1.5 to 2, inclusive, both lenses of a pair shall have the same luminous transmittance within 10 percent: for shades 2.5 and darker, both lenses of a pair shall have the same luminous transmittance within 20 percent.


6.3.3.3.2 Filter Lenses (Shades 4.0 through 14.0). Filter lenses shall meet the radiant- energy - transmission requirements specified in Table 1. They shall be supplied in pairs and both lenses shall have the same luminous transmittance within 20 percent. 


6.3.3.3.3 Clear Lenses. Clear lenses shall transmit not less than 89 percent of the incident luminous radiation. (See Appendix Al).


6.3.3.4 Lens Strength
6.3.3.4.1 All lenses in Types (1), (2), and (3) shown in 6.3.1 shall be capable of withstanding the impact resistance test specified in 6.3.4.2.

No similar found.
6.3.3.4.2 Filter lenses in Type (4) shown in &3.l shall be capable of withstanding the fracture resistance test specified in 6.1.1.4.6(2). 

No similar found.
6.3.4 Methods of Test arid Examination of Lenses
6.3.4.1 Tests for Prismatic Power and for Definition. Lenses of all types shall be tested for prismatic and refractive power and for definition by any standard methods which are of sufficient accuracy for the purpose and are equivalent to the following National Bureau of Standards methods

No similar found.
6.3.4.1.1 Prismatic Power. The lenses may be tested for prismatic power with an 8- power telescope which has an effective aperture of 0.75 inch and is equipped with cross hairs in the focal plane of the ocular. The telescope is to be focused on an illuminated target comprising a central dot and a concentric circle 1/4 inch in diameter, at a distance of 35 feet from the telescope objective. The telescope is to be so aligned that the image of the central dot falls on the intersection, of the cross hairs in the focal plane of the ocular. The lens is to be held in front of the objective lens of the telescope and, if the intersection point of the cross hairs falls without the image of the circle, the prismatic power of the lens exceeds 1/16 prism diopter.


6.3.4.1.2 Refractive Power. The lens may be tested for refractive power by any suitable instrument such as a vertometer, lensometer, or telescope. The lenses may be tested for refractive power with an 8-power telescope which has an effective aperture of 0.75 inch and is focused at a distance of 35 feet on an illuminated test chart. As a test chart, the resolving-power chart pattern 20 of National Bureau of Standards Circular C533 may be used.2 The lens to be tested shall be placed in front of the telescope objective which is then brought to the sharpest possible focus. The pattern marked 20 should be clearly resolved with the target placed at a distance of 35 feet from the telescope objective used for testing lenses. The telescope is calibrated by successively locating the position of best focus with first a standard lens of plus 1/16 diopter in front of the objective and then with a standard lens of minus 1/16 diopter in front of the objective. These positions are marked by scratches on the draw tube or by other suitable index marks. The lens is to be held in front of the calibrated telescope and if the position of the best focus falls outside the index marks, the refractive power is in excess of 1/16 diopter. . 
5.1.4 Refractive Power, Astigmatism, Resolving Power, Prism and Prism Imbalance for Plano Protectors 

When tested in accordance with Section 9.4, the tolerance on refractive power, astigmatism and resolving power shall be as indicated in Table 1. Filter lenses of shade 9 or higher are exempt from this testing. When tested in accordance with Section 9.5, the tolerance on prism and prism imbalance shall be as indicated in Table 2.

See Table 1. Tolerance on Refractive Power, 
2010 is specific to plano protectors.
6.3.4.1.3 Definition. The lenses may be tested for definition with an 8-power telescope which has an effective aperture of 0.75 inch and is focused at a distance of 35 feet on an illuminated, test chart. As a test chart the resolving-power chart pattern 20 of National Bureau of Standards Circular C533 may be used. The lens to be tested shall be placed in front of the telescope objective, which in turn is then brought to the sharpest possible focus. The pattern marked 20 should be clearly resolved with the target placed at a distance of 35 feet from the telescope objective used for testing lenses.

No similar of the same meaning found.
6.3.4.2 Impact Resistance Test
6.3.4.2.1 Lens in Frame -- Glass and Plastic. The frame eye, with inserted lens object side up, shall be supported, centered in relation to the test-block-shaped aperture, on the test block of an anvil composed of the part shown in Fig. 5, mounted in the hole of the base plate shown in Fig. 6, the whole assembly on a flat, horizontal work surface of convenient height. To assure uniform test support of the frame eye periphery on the test block the protruding frame nose pad and temple hinge shall be removed. 

A 1.00-inch diameter steel ball, weighing approximately 24 ounces, shall be dropped in free fall from a height of 50 inches onto the horizontal upper surface of the lens, impinging the lens within a circular area of 5/8-inch diameter centered at the lens mechanical center. The lens edge shall not be chipped and the lens shall not be displaced from the frame eye in this test.

No similar found.
6.3.4.2.2 Lens on Block -- Glass and Plastic. The lens shall be removed from the frame and placed mechanically centered, object side up, on the test block of an anvil composed of the part shown in Fig. 7, mounted in the hole of the base plate shown in Fig. 8, the whole assembly on a flat, horizontal work surface of convenient height. 

A 1.00-inch diameter steel ball, weighing approximately 2.4 ounces, shall be dropped in free fall from a height of 50 inches onto the horizontal upper surface of the lens, impinging the lens within a circular area of  5/8-inch diameter centered at the lens mechanical center. The lens shall not fracture in this test. 

No similar found.
6.3.4.2.3 Breakage Pattern -- Glass Only. As a test to determine the type of breakage pattern exhibited by a lens when subjected to  a force sufficient to break it, a lens may be broken by increasing the height of drop of the 1-inch steel ball or by employing a heavier ball. If made of glass the lens shall break predominately with radial cracks with a minor tendency toward concentric cracks. Any tendency to break with the lines of cleavage parallel to the surface indicates an unsatisfactory heat treatment; and the lenses represented by that sample shall be considered as not conforming to these requirements.


6.3.4.3 Penetration Resistance -- Plastic Only. The frame and Lens shall be supported on a wooden block of such, size and shape as to fit the frame securely. A pointed projectile of suitable size, consisting of a new Singer number 25, size 135 x 17 needle. fastened into a holder weighing approximately 1.56 ounces, shall be freely dropped, pointed downward, from a height of 50 inches onto the horizontal outer surface of the lens. The projectile may be guided, but not restricted. in its fall by being dropped through a tube extending to within approximately 4 inches of the lens. The lens shall not be pierced through from the impact.

6.2 Impact Requirements
6.2.1 Protector Acceptance Criteria When each type test is conducted as indicated in Sections 6.2.2, 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 and, as applicable Section 6.2.6, a complete device shall fail if any of the following occurs: 
:: piece fully detached from the inner surface 
:: fracture
:: penetration of the rear surface
:: lens not retained
:: for the high-velocity test, the unaided eye observes any piece adhering to the contact paste, or observes contact paste on the projectile or complete device. 

In the case of plano protectors with a prescription lens carrier, contact of the prescription lens carrier with the headform does not constitute a failure.
6.2.2 High Mass Impact
When tested in accordance with Section 9.11, the complete device shall be capable of resisting an impact from a pointed projectile weighing 500 g (17.6 oz.) dropped from a height of 127 cm (50.0 in.).
6.2.3 High Velocity Impact
When tested in accordance with Section 9.12, the complete device shall be capable of resisting impact from a 6.35 mm (0.25 in) diameter steel ball traveling at the velocity specified in Table 5. No contact with the eye of the headform is permitted as a result of impact. 

See Table 5. High Velocity Impact Testing 

6.2.4 Penetration Test (lenses only)
When tested in accordance with Section 9.13, lenses for all complete devices shall be capable of resisting penetration by a weighted needle with a total weight of 44.2 gm (1.56 oz.) dropped from a height of 127 cm (50.0 in.).

6.2.5 Prescription Lens Material Qualification 
When tested in accordance with Section 9.14, representative test lenses for use in prescription protectors shall be capable of resisting impact from a 6.35 mm (0.25 in.) diameter steel ball traveling at a velocity of 45. 72 mls (150 ft/s). When tested in accordance with this section, the lens shall fail if any of the following occurs:
:: posterior displacement of the lens completely through the test holder;
:: fracture;
:: any detachment of a portion of the lens from its inner surface; or
:: any full thickness penetration of a lens.

Failure of any lens constitutes a failure. If all test lenses pass, then any prescription lens of the same or greater thickness at its thinnest point, which is made by the same manufacturer, from the same material, with the same coatings and processes may bear the "+" mark.
2010 penetration test specific to lenses; 1968 penetration test specific to plastic.

2010 impact requirements similar to 1968 penetration resistance plastic only requirements.

6.2.6 Prescription Lens Mounting Qualification When tested in accordance with Section 9.11 and Section 9.12 complete devices using representative test lenses meeting the requirements of Section 6.2.5 shall be capable of resisting high mass and high velocity impact. For each type of lens retention system offered for sale, one set of 1 0 complete devices shall be tested. Failure of any device as a result of the six (6) high velocity or four (4) high mass tests shall constitute failure for
a set. Failure of a set constitutes failure of that lens retention system.

Lens retention systems are:

:: Full rim eyewires that require bevel designs like a "safety V bevel and other lens bevels" for metal frames.
:: Full rim eyewires that require bevel designs like a "safety V bevel and other lens bevels" for plastic frames.
:: Grooved metal frame style (T-Eyewire)
:: Grooved semi rimless with half metal rim and suspension cord mountings
:: Three-piece rimless drill mount
:: Any mounting that is configured differently than described above to secure the lens and that is design/process dependent such that it requires a different lens beveling process or mounting technique.

Manufacturers shall also conduct the test if it incorporates frames with different lens retention systems into the product offering.

This type testing shall be performed when any substantive change in production occurs that could affect the ability of the device to pass the tests as described in Sections 9.11 and 9.12.

6.3.4.4 Haze -- Plastic Only. Plastic lenses of all types shall exhibit not more than 6 percent haze when tested in accordance with the requirements of Federal Test Methods Number 406 (see Appendix Al).


6.3.4.5 Flammability -- Plastic Only. Where plastic materials are used in lenses, such materials shall be noncombustible or slow-burning. Cellulose nitrate, or materials having flammability characteristics approximating those of cellulose nitrate, shall not be used. Such plastic lenses shall be exposed to a test to determine the flame-propagation rate. The specimen shall be ignited by holding one end of the specimen horizontally at the top of a luminous (3/4)--inch Bunsen burner flame in a draft-free room. The rate of propagation determined by a stop watch shall be 24 seconds per inch or less. A faster rate of propagation shall be cause for rejection.

No similar found.
6:3.4.6 Ultraviolet, Luminous, and Infrared Transmittance -- Plastic and Glass. The ultraviolet, luminous (total visible) and infrared transmittance of lenses of all types shall be determined by any standard method recognized as suitable by the National Bureau of Standards. The following methods are suggested:

No similar found.
6.3.4.6.1 Ultraviolet Transmittance  -- 
Plastic and Glass. The source of radiant energy for determining the ultraviolet spectral transmittance shall be a quartz mercury arc or other source emitting an intense and preferably discontinuous spectrum. The intense emission lines of the quartz mercury arc at 313 millimicrons, 334 tnillimicrons, 365 millimicrons, and 405 millimicrons are conveniently distributed and well adapted for making these measurements. If other sources are used, the wave lengths closest to the above values of the mercury arc may be used.

No similar found.
6.3.4.6.2 Luminous Transmittance  -- 
Plastic and Glass. The standard source of radiant energy used in the measurement of the luminous transmittance of filter lenses shall be a projection type lamp No. T-8 (or other high-powered gas-filled tungsten-filament incandescent lamp) operated at the color temperature (2854 K) corresponding to Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) Source A. The luminous transmittance shall be determined by one of the following means:
(1) Photometrically by an observer having normal color vision, as determined by recognized color vision chart tests such as those employing pseudoisochromatic plates.
(2) With a physical photometer consisting of a therrnopile (or other radiometer) and a luminosity solution having a spectral
transmittance curve which coincides closely with the luminous-efficiency curve of the average eye.
(3) By measuring the spectral transmittance and calculating the luminous transmittance through the use of published data on the spectral radiant energy of CIE Source A and the relative luminous efficiency of the average eye.
J.8 Tinted Lenses and Windows 
Lenses having low luminous transmittance should not be worn indoors, except when needed for protection from optical radiation. Care should be exercised in conjunction with wearing such lenses for driving vehicles with tinted windshields or for night driving. Some polarized lenses may present viewing problems when reading liquid crystal displays. Some tinted lenses may absorb certain wavelengths of visual displays or signs, rendering them unreadable.

2010 luminous transmittance focuses on the hazards of polarized lenses; 1968 focuses on test requirements.
6.3.4.6.3 Infrared Transmittance --  Plastic and Glass. The same standard source of radiant energy used in determining the transmittance of luminous radiation shall be used also in the measurement of the transmittance of the total infrared radiation. One of the following methods shall be used for determining the total infrared transmittance:

By observing the infrared spectral energy distribution curves of a gas-filled lamp with and without the lens placed before the entrance slit of the spectrometer, and integrating the area under each of the two curves between the spectral limits of 700 millimicrons and 4,000 millimicroris.

(2) By observing the integrated transrnittance with a physical radiometer (for example, a thermopile) covered with a deep red filter (such as Corning 2404) which has a high and uniform transmittance through the infrared spectrum and transmits less than 0.5percent of the luminous radiation. 

No similar found.
6.4 Maintenance and Disinfection of Eye Protectors
6.4.1 Maintenance
64.1.l It is essential that the lenses of eye protectors be kept clean. Continuous vision through dirty lenses can cause eye fatigue and become a contributory factor to accidents. Daily cleaning of eye protectors is recommended.
10. Instructions, Use and Maintenance
10.1 General
Eye and face protection shall be required where there is a reasonable probability of injury that can be prevented by such equipment. In such cases employers and educational authorities shall make conveniently available a protector for the work environment, per applicable federal and state regulations.
Employees and students shall use such protectors. 

Annex I contains a Selection Chart, which will be helpful in deciding types of protectors that are available, their capabilities and limitations. It should be recognized that dusty or chemical environments or both might represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers. Wearers of contact lenses shall be required to wear appropriate eye and face protectors in a hazardous environment. 
2010 has maintenance requirements, no disinfection found.
6.4.1.2 Pitted or scratched lenses reduce vision and seriously reduce protection. They shall be replaced immediately.

No similar found.
6.4.1.3 Replace headbands. Slack, worn out, sweat-soaked, knotted, or twisted headbands do not hold the eye protector in proper position. Visual inspection can determine when the elasticity is reduced to a point beyond proper function.

No similar found.
6.4.1.4 To prolong the life of eye protectors, they shall be placed in suitable cases or containers between periods of use

No similar found.
6.4.2 Issue and Use. Protectors are a personal item and should be for the individual and exclusive use of the person to whom they are issued. If circumstances require reissue, the protectors shall be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected as hereinafter described. 

No similar found.
6.4.3 Disinfection
6.4.3.1 General. When a person is assigned protective equipment, It is recommended that this equipment be cleaned and disinfected regularly, without sharing by another person unless disinfected as herein specified.

No similar found.
6.4.3.2 Procedure. Thoroughly clean all surfaces with soap or suitable detergent, and warm water. Carefully rinse all traces of soap or detergent. Completely immerse the protector for 10 minutes in a solution of modified phenol. hypochiorite, or quaternary ammonium compounds, in a strength specified by the manufacturer, at a room temperature of 68° F. Remove protector from solution and suspend in a clean place for air drying at room temperature, or with heated air. Do not rinse because this will remove the residual effect. 

Ultraviolet disinfecting equipment may be utilized in conjunction with the washing procedure above, when such equipment can be demonstrated to provide comparable disinfection. 

Protectors showing need for extensive cleansing should be disassembled to the extent possible without tools, prior to the washing and disinfection procedure. Replace defective parts with new ones. 

No similar found.

10.3 Inspections
Employees and students shall make a visual inspection of their protector prior to each use. Protectors which exhibit broken parts, distortion, or excessive scratches on the lens, are unsuitable for use and shall not be worn. Eye and face protectors that have been subject to an impact shall not be used and shall be discarded and replaced.

10.4 Maintenance
Protectors shall be maintained in a usable condition in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. When one protector is being used by more than
one person, it is recommended that it be cleaned and disinfected prior to use by another person.

10.6 Training
Employers and educational authorities shall train employees and students in the proper use, application ,inspection, maintenance, storage, fitting and limitations of eye and face protectors.

6.4.3.3 Storage. The dry parts or items should be placed in clean, dust-proof containers to protect them.
10.5 Care
Reasonable care shall be taken during the use and storage of protectors so that they are not subject to unnecessary abuse.
2010 uses storage as a part of equipment care, not independently as 1968 does.

