[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 159 (Monday, August 17, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 50066-50068]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-17905]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

[Docket No. NHTSA-2020-0034; Notice 1]


Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A., Receipt of Petition for 
Decision of Inconsequential Noncompliance

AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 
Department of Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Receipt of petition.

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SUMMARY: Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A., (Yamaha) has determined that 
certain model year (MY) 2019 Yamaha NIKEN motorcycles do not fully 
comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 122, 
Motorcycle Brake Systems. Yamaha filed a noncompliance report dated 
February 26, 2020. Yamaha subsequently petitioned NHTSA on May 28, 
2020, for a decision that the subject noncompliance is inconsequential 
as it relates to motor vehicle safety. This notice announces receipt of 
Yamaha's petition.

DATES: Send comments on or before September 16, 2020.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written data, 
views, and arguments on this petition. Comments must refer to the 
docket and notice number cited in the title of this notice and 
submitted by any of the following methods:
     Mail: Send comments by mail addressed to the U.S. 
Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building 
Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 
20590.
     Hand Delivery: Deliver comments by hand to the U.S. 
Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building 
Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 
20590. The Docket Section is open on weekdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. 
except for Federal holidays.
     Electronically: Submit comments electronically by logging 
onto the Federal Docket Management System (FDMS) website at https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments.
     Comments may also be faxed to (202) 493-2251.
    Comments must be written in the English language, and be no greater 
than 15 pages in length, although there is no limit to the length of 
necessary attachments to the comments. If comments are submitted in 
hard copy form, please ensure that two copies are provided. If you wish 
to receive confirmation that comments you have submitted by mail were 
received, please enclose a stamped, self-addressed postcard with the 
comments. Note that all comments received will be posted without change 
to https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided.
    All comments and supporting materials received before the close of 
business on the closing date indicated above will be filed in the 
docket and will be considered. All comments and

[[Page 50067]]

supporting materials received after the closing date will also be filed 
and will be considered to the fullest extent possible.
    When the petition is granted or denied, notice of the decision will 
also be published in the Federal Register pursuant to the authority 
indicated at the end of this notice.
    All comments, background documentation, and supporting materials 
submitted to the docket may be viewed by anyone at the address and 
times given above. The documents may also be viewed on the internet at 
https://www.regulations.gov by following the online instructions for 
accessing the docket. The docket ID number for this petition is shown 
in the heading of this notice.
    DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement is available for review in a 
Federal Register notice published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 
    I. Overview: Yamaha has determined that certain MY 2019 Yamaha 
NIKEN motorcycles do not fully comply with the requirements of 
paragraph S5.1.7 of FMVSS No. 122, Motorcycle Brake Systems (49 CFR 
571.122). Yamaha filed a noncompliance report dated February 26, 2020, 
pursuant to 49 CFR part 573, Defect and Noncompliance Responsibility 
and Reports. Yamaha subsequently petitioned NHTSA on May 28, 2020, for 
an exemption from the notification and remedy requirements of 49 U.S.C. 
Chapter 301 on the basis that this noncompliance is inconsequential as 
it relates to motor vehicle safety, pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 30118(d) and 
30120(h) and 49 CFR part 556, Exemption for Inconsequential Defect or 
Noncompliance.
    This notice of receipt of Yamaha's petition is published under 49 
U.S.C. 30118 and 30120 and does not represent any Agency decision or 
other exercise of judgment concerning the merits of the petition.
    II. Motorcycles Involved: Approximately 278 MY 2019 Yamaha NIKEN 
motorcycles manufactured between August 1, 2018, and July 31, 2019, are 
potentially involved.
    III. Noncompliance: Yamaha explains that the noncompliance is that 
the subject motorcycles do not comply with the requirement for class 3-
5 motorcycle braking systems, as specified in paragraph S5.1.7 in FMVSS 
No. 122. Specifically, due to the motorcycles being classified as a 
category 3-5 motorcycle rather than a 3-3 motorcycle, the motorcycles 
lack the required trike parking brake and integrated rear brake system.
    IV. Rule Requirements: Paragraph S5.1.7 of FMVSS No. 122 includes 
the requirements relevant to this petition. Each category 3-5 
motorcycle shall be equipped with: (a) A parking brake system; and (b) 
a foot actuated service brake system which operates the brakes on all 
wheels by way of either (1) a split service brake system; or (2) a 
combined brake system (CBS) and a secondary brake system, which may be 
the parking brake system.
    V. Background: NHTSA contacted Yamaha on February 16, 2020 and 
informed the company that the agency's position is that the subject 
motorcycles did not meet the definition of a traditional two-wheeled 
motorcycle. While Yamaha maintained that the proximity of the two front 
wheels to each other indicated that the Niken was a two wheeled 
motorcycle, NHTSA classifies the product as a three wheeled trike, and 
as such, the Niken does not possess the required trike parking brake 
and integrated rear brake system.
    VI. Summary of Yamaha's Petition: The following views and arguments 
presented in this section, VI. Summary of Yamaha's Petition, are the 
views and arguments provided by Yamaha. They have not been evaluated by 
the Agency and do not reflect the views of the Agency. Yamaha described 
the subject noncompliance and stated their belief that the 
noncompliance is inconsequential as it relates to motor vehicle safety.
    In support of its petition, Yamaha submitted the following 
reasoning:
    1. NHTSA stated that their contract test laboratory was unable to 
complete compliance testing because the NIKEN lacked two 
``requirements'': (1) Parking brake and (2) foot brake actuating on all 
wheels. Yamaha independently conducted the relevant compliance testing 
and the test results demonstrate that the NIKEN substantially satisfies 
the ``requirements'' detailed below:
    a. Parking Brake: Requirements for a parking brake are presumably 
in place to keep a vehicle from unwanted movement while in a parked 
condition, such as on a slope. However, traditional two-wheeled and 
narrow-twin-front-wheeled motorcycles cannot stand unsupported; they 
simply fall over. Should a traditional motorcycle be parked on a slope 
(up-hill or down) on the side stand, it is a customary for the rider to 
park in-gear, locking the vehicle against movement. Likewise, by 
adapting this standard practice, the NIKEN can be parked on a slope 
(up-hill or down) on the side-stand just as a rider of a traditional 
two wheeled motorcycle would be. In an effort to emulate the test 
environment, the brake system was conditioned, and the engine was 
disconnected (placed in neutral) in accordance with paragraph S6.8; the 
NIKEN was placed on the test surface on the vehicle's main stand. 
According to requirements in FMVSS No. 122, the Laden vehicle shall be 
held stationary for 5 minutes, both in an up-hill and down-hill 
configuration at the required 18% (10.2[deg]) gradient for 5 minutes. 
The NIKEN, exceeds this requirement.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Standard 18% (10.2[deg])              Up-hill        Down-hill
------------------------------------------------------------------------
NIKEN on Main Stand.....................       12.0[deg]    11.8[deg]\0\
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It should be noted that approximately 70% of NIKENs currently in 
use have main stands, the balance have only side stands. Yamaha genuine 
accessory Main Stands could be added to those without quite easily.
    b. Foot brake actuating on all wheels: Likewise, NHTSA testing 
staff was unable to complete the testing of braking performance of the 
``split or CBS'' system, as the NIKEN utilizes the conventional 
separate (independently controlled) front and rear braking system found 
on most similar sport-performance type motorcycles. When Yamaha tested 
the NIKEN's all-wheel, anti-lock brake system, Yamaha found that the 
brake system, in a laden condition, met NHTSA's single actuated brake 
control test. The NIKEN, in a laden condition, met the requirements 
with the rear brake alone and, likewise, when tested with the front 
brake alone, the NIKEN exceeded the standard test requirements and 
stopping distances. In the lightly loaded condition, the NIKEN exceeded 
the braking target by a mere 30 cm. However, when the user-induced 
front brake is combined with the NIKEN's rear brake system, typical of 
motorcycle rider brake application, this vehicle exceeds NHTSA 
requirements by considerable margin.

[[Page 50068]]



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                             Mass (kg)
                                                                         ------------------------------------------------   Target (m)      Result (m)
                                                                               Front           Rear            Total
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rear......................................  Lightly loaded..............           170.7           181.9           352.6            33.7            34.0
                                            Laden.......................           171.1           289.8           460.9            33.7            31.0
Front.....................................  Laden.......................           171.1           289.8           460.9            61.4            25.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Results show that the NIKEN substantially meets the performance 
criteria for brake performance without the Split or CBS braking system, 
while providing riders the more active control and better brake feel 
they expect from a performance sport machine.
    2. It is the belief of Yamaha that the information described above 
satisfies the intent of 49 CFR part 573 and that the operator can 
safety operate the vehicle. The NIKEN was designed to perform and react 
similarly to a traditional two-wheeled motorcycle primarily for 
experienced, enthusiast riders, and provides the safety features and 
performance that these riders expect from a motorcycle.
    Yamaha concluded by expressing the belief that the subject 
noncompliance is inconsequential as it relates to motor vehicle safety, 
and that its petition to be exempted from providing notification of the 
noncompliance, as required by 49 U.S.C. 30118, and a remedy for the 
noncompliance, as required by 49 U.S.C. 30120, should be granted.
    NHTSA notes that the statutory provisions (49 U.S.C. 30118(d) and 
30120(h)) that permit manufacturers to file petitions for a 
determination of inconsequentiality allow NHTSA to exempt manufacturers 
only from the duties found in sections 30118 and 30120, respectively, 
to notify owners, purchasers, and dealers of a defect or noncompliance 
and to remedy the defect or noncompliance. Therefore, any decision on 
this petition only applies to the subject motorcycles that Yamaha no 
longer controlled at the time it determined that the noncompliance 
existed. However, any decision on this petition does not relieve 
vehicle distributors and dealers of the prohibitions on the sale, offer 
for sale, or introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate 
commerce of the noncompliant motorcycles under their control after 
Yamaha notified them that the subject noncompliance existed.

(Authority: 49 U.S.C. 30118, 30120: Delegations of authority at 49 
CFR 1.95 and 501.8)

Otto G. Matheke III,
Director, Office of Vehicle Safety Compliance.
[FR Doc. 2020-17905 Filed 8-14-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P


