[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 43 (Monday, March 5, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 9219-9222]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-04349]


=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Railroad Administration

49 CFR Part 225

[FRA-2008-0136, Notice No. 10]
RIN 2130-ZA16


Monetary Threshold for Reporting Rail Equipment Accidents/
Incidents for Calendar Year 2018

AGENCY: Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), Department of 
Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: FRA's accident/incident reporting regulations require 
railroads to report to the agency all rail equipment accidents/
incidents above the monetary reporting threshold (reporting threshold) 
for that calendar year (CY). There is no change to the CY 2017 
reporting threshold ($10,700) for CY 2018 as the overall increase in 
wages and equipment costs were not great enough to cause the threshold 
to change when rounded to the nearest $100.

DATES: This final rule is effective March 5, 2018. This final rule is 
applicable January 1, 2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kebo Chen, Staff Director, U.S. 
Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Office 
of Safety Analysis, RRS-22, Mail Stop 25, West Building 3rd Floor, Room 
W33-314, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-
493-6079); or Senya Waas, Trial Attorney, U.S. Department of 
Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Chief 
Counsel, RCC-10, West Building 3rd Floor, Room W31-223, 1200 New Jersey 
Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-493-0665).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    A ``rail equipment accident/incident'' is a collision, derailment, 
fire, explosion, act of God, or other event involving the operation of 
railroad on-track equipment (standing or moving) that results in 
damages to railroad on-track equipment, signals, tracks, track 
structures, or roadbed, including labor costs and the costs for 
acquiring new equipment and material, greater than the reporting 
threshold for the year in which the event occurs. See 49 CFR 225.19(c). 
A railroad must report each rail equipment accident/incident to FRA 
using the Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report (Form FRA F 6180.54). 
See 49 CFR 225.19(b), (c), 225.21(a). Paragraphs (c) and (e) of 49 CFR 
225.19 further provide that FRA will adjust the dollar figure 
constituting the reporting threshold, if necessary, every year under 
the procedures in 49 CFR part 225 Appendix B to reflect any cost 
increases or decreases.
    Approximately one year has passed since FRA reviewed the reporting 
threshold. See 81 FR 94271, Dec. 23, 2016. Consequently, FRA has 
recalculated the reporting threshold under 49 CFR 225.19(c), using 
updated costs for labor and equipment. FRA has determined the current 
reporting threshold of $10,700, which applies to rail equipment 
accidents/incidents that occur during CY 2017, should remain the same 
for rail equipment accidents/incidents that occur during CY 2018. The 
specific inputs to the equation set forth in Appendix B (Tnew = Tprior 
* [1 + 0.4(Wnew - Wprior)/Wprior + 0.6(Enew - Eprior)/100]) are:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Tprior                  Wnew                  Wprior                  Enew                 Eprior
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          $10,700              $29.77918              $29.99942              203.83333              203.33333
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Where:

Tnew = New threshold;
Tprior = Prior threshold (with reference to the threshold, ``prior'' 
refers to the previous threshold rounded to the nearest $100, as 
reported in the Federal Register);
Wnew = New average hourly wage rate, in dollars;
Wprior = Prior average hourly wage rate, in dollars;
Enew = New equipment average Producer Price Index (PPI) value;
Eprior = Prior equipment average PPI value.

See 49 CFR part 225 Appendix B. Using the above figures, the calculated 
new threshold, represented as Tnew, is $10,700.64, which is rounded to 
the nearest $100 for a final reporting threshold of $10,700 for CY 
2018.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Wage statistics are available from the Surface 
Transportation Board (STB), ``Quarterly Wage Form A&B,'' at https://www.stb.gov/stb/industry/econ_reports.html (visited December 5, 
2017). The average hourly wage rate is determined by dividing the 
compensation for time worked at straight time rates by the service 
hours worked at straight time rates (yielding dollars per hour). FRA 
averages the second-quarter data reported for the Group No. 300 
Maintenance of Way and Structures employees, and the Group No. 400 
Maintenance of Equipment and Stores employees.
    The equipment PPI is available at the Bureau of Labor Statistics 
(BLS), U.S. Department of Labor, ``PPI Databases: Commodity Data,' 
at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/ (visited December 5, 2017). Select Group 
14 Transportation Equipment, then Item 144 Railroad Equipment, 
followed by checking Not Seasonally Adjusted. The complete Series ID 
is WPU144, base date 1982.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    FRA intends to publish a rulemaking (RIN 2130-AC49) to reexamine 
its method for calculating the reporting threshold in 2018 because more 
accurate methodologies for calculating the threshold are available. FRA 
believes updating its methodology will ensure the reporting threshold 
reflects changes in equipment and labor costs as accurately as 
possible.

[[Page 9220]]

Notice and Comment Procedures

    FRA is proceeding directly to a final rule as it finds public 
notice and comment to be unnecessary per the ``good cause'' exemption 
in 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B). FRA made this finding because it: (1) Is 
required under current regulations to establish the monetary reporting 
threshold; (2) Is utilizing a formula developed after notice and 
comment in a final rule published in 2005 (70 FR 75414, Dec. 20, 2005); 
and (3) is not exercising any discretion in calculating and applying 
the monetary threshold for 2018.

Regulatory Evaluation

Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 and DOT Regulatory Policies and 
Procedures

    FRA evaluated this final rule under existing policies and 
procedures, and determined it is non-significant under both Executive 
Orders 12866 and 13563, and DOT policies and procedures. See 44 FR 
11034, Feb. 26, 1979. Furthermore, this final rule is exempt from the 
regulatory budgeting and two-for-one requirements of Executive Order 
13771 as it has been determined to be non-significant.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    FRA developed this rule under Executive Order 13272, Proper 
Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking, and DOT's 
procedures and policies to promote compliance with the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (RFA) to ensure potential impacts of rules on small 
entities are properly considered. See E.O. 13272; 5 U.S.C. 601.
    The RFA requires an agency to review regulations to assess their 
impact on small entities, unless the Secretary certifies the rule will 
not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. Under Section 312 of the Small Business Regulatory 
Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-121), Federal agencies 
may adopt their own size standards for small entities in consultation 
with both the Small Business Administration and public comment. Under 
that authority, FRA has published a final statement of agency policy 
formally establishing, for FRA's regulatory purposes, that ``small 
entities'' are railroads, contractors, and hazardous materials shippers 
that meet the revenue requirements of a Class III railroad as set forth 
in 49 CFR 1201.1-1 ($20 million or less in inflation-adjusted annual 
revenues, and commuter railroads or small governmental jurisdictions 
that serve populations of 50,000 or less). See 49 CFR part 209 Appendix 
C. FRA used this definition for the current rulemaking.
    About 748 of the approximately 799 railroads in the United States 
are considered small entities by FRA. FRA certifies this final rule 
will have no significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities. To the extent this rule has any impact on small 
entities, the impact will be neutral or insignificant. The frequency of 
rail equipment accidents/incidents, and therefore also the frequency of 
required reporting, is generally proportional to the size of the 
railroad. A railroad employing thousands of employees and operating 
trains millions of miles is exposed to greater risks than one with a 
substantially smaller operation. Small railroads may go for months at a 
time without having a reportable occurrence of any type, and even 
longer without having a rail equipment accident/incident. Class III 
reported rail equipment accidents/incidents for a five-year period are 
shown below.

                 Rail Equipment Accident/Incidents (Train Accidents) Reported by Small Railroads
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                 Percent  Class
                                                                                                   III train
                          Year                            Class III train      All railroad      accidents/all
                                                             accidents       train accidents     railroad train
                                                                                                   accidents
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2012...................................................                289              1,766                 16
2013...................................................                307              1,853                 17
2014...................................................                272              1,887                 14
2015...................................................                288              1,936                 15
2016...................................................                249              1,646                 15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: FRA Safety Data website at http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/OfficeofSafety/Default.aspx (visited December
  8, 2017), Agency query.

    On average over those five calendar years, small railroads reported 
about 15% (ranging from 14% to 17%) of the total number of rail 
equipment accidents/incidents. FRA notes that these data are subject to 
minor changes due to additional reporting.
    The monetary reporting threshold, when rounded, did not increase 
for CY 2018. In general, however, absent this rulemaking (i.e., absent 
increasing the reporting threshold in future years), the number of 
reportable accidents/incidents in future years would likely increase, 
as keeping the same threshold in place would not allow it to keep pace 
with the likely increases in wages and rail equipment repair costs. 
(Note that the calculated monetary threshold (before rounding) for CY 
2017 was $10,698 versus $10,701 for CY 2018.) Therefore, this rule will 
be neutral in effect (i.e., accidents/incidents reportable by railroads 
in CY 2017 will be reportable in CY 2018). Any recordkeeping burden 
will not be significant, and will affect the large railroads more than 
the small railroads due to the higher proportion of reportable rail 
equipment accidents/incidents experienced by large entities.
    Furthermore, FRA has determined the RFA does not apply to this 
rulemaking. As this rule updates the reporting threshold for CY 2018 
using the formula developed through notice and comment rulemaking and 
published in Appendix B to 49 CFR part 225, FRA finds notice and public 
comment is unnecessary and would serve no public benefit. The Small 
Business Administration's A Guide for Government Agencies: How to 
Comply with the Regulatory Flexibility Act, p. 55 (2017) provides:

    If, under the APA or any rule of general applicability governing 
federal grants to state and local governments, the agency is 
required to publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM), 
the RFA must be considered [citing 5 U.S.C. 604(a)] . . . . If an 
NPRM is not required, the RFA does not apply.

    As this rulemaking does not require a Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking, the RFA does not apply.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    There are no new or additional information collection requirements 
associated with this final rule. FRA's collection of accident/incident 
reporting and recordkeeping information is currently approved under OMB 
No.

[[Page 9221]]

2130-0500. Therefore, FRA is not required to provide an estimate of a 
public reporting burden in this document.

Federalism Implications

    Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, Aug. 10, 1999) requires FRA to 
develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful and timely input 
by State and local officials in the development of regulatory policies 
that have federalism implications.'' See E.O. 13132. Policies that have 
federalism implications are defined in Executive Order 13132 to include 
regulations that have ``substantial direct effects on the States, on 
the relationship between the national government and the States, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels 
of government.'' See E.O. 13132. Under Executive Order 13132, the 
agency may not issue a regulation with federalism implications that 
imposes substantial direct compliance costs, and that is not required 
by statute, unless the Federal government provides the funds necessary 
to pay the direct compliance costs incurred by State and local 
governments, or the agency consults with State and local government 
officials early in the process of developing the regulation. See E.O. 
13132. Where a regulation has federalism implications and preempts 
State law, the agency seeks to consult with State and local officials 
in the process of developing the regulation.
    FRA analyzed this final rule under the principles and criteria in 
Executive Order 13132. This rule will not have a substantial direct 
effect on States, on the relationship between the national government 
and the States, or on the distribution of power and the 
responsibilities among the various levels of government. See Executive 
Order 13132. In addition, FRA determined this rule does not impose 
substantial direct compliance costs on State and local governments. 
Accordingly, FRA concluded the consultation and funding requirements of 
Executive Order 13132 do not apply, and preparation of a federalism 
assessment is not required.

Environmental Impact

    FRA evaluated this final rule under its Procedures for Considering 
Environmental Impacts (FRA Procedures) (64 FR 28545, May 26, 1999) as 
required by the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
seq.), other environmental statutes, Executive Orders, and related 
regulatory requirements. FRA has determined this final rule is not a 
major FRA action requiring the preparation of an environmental impact 
statement or environmental assessment because it is categorically 
excluded from detailed environmental review under FRA Procedures 
Section 4(c)(20), which addresses the promulgation of railroad safety 
rules and policy statements that do not result in significantly 
increased emissions of air or water pollutants or noise or increased 
traffic congestion in any mode of transportation. See 64 FR 28547, May 
26, 1999.
    Consistent with FRA Procedures Section 4(c)(20), FRA concluded that 
no extraordinary circumstances exist with respect to this regulation 
that might trigger the need for a more detailed environmental review. 
As a result, FRA finds this rule is not a major Federal action that 
significantly affects the quality of the human environment.

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Under Section 201 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 
(Reform Act) (Pub. L. 104-4, 2 U.S.C. 1531), each Federal agency shall, 
unless otherwise prohibited by law, assess the effects of Federal 
regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal governments, and the 
private sector (other than to the extent that such regulations 
incorporate requirements specifically set forth in law). See 2 U.S.C. 
1531 Section 201. Section 202 of the Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 1532) further 
requires each agency to prepare a comprehensive written statement for 
any proposed or final rule that includes a Federal mandate that may 
result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in 
the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100,000,000 or more 
(adjusted annually for inflation) in any 1 year . . . .\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \2\ See U.S. Department of Transportation, ``Guidance--Threshold 
of Significant Regulatory Actions under the Unfunded Mandates Reform 
Act of 1995,'' April 4, 2016, https://www.transportation.gov/office-policy/transportation-policy/threshold-significant-regulatory-actions-under-unfunded-mandat-0, as accessed December 12, 2017.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This final rule will not result in the expenditure of more than 
$156,000,000 (the value equivalent of $100,000,000 in 2015 dollars) by 
the public sector in any one year. Thus, preparation of such a 
statement is not required.

Energy Impact

    Executive Order 13211 requires Federal agencies to prepare a 
Statement of Energy Effects for any ``significant energy action.'' 66 
FR 28355, May 22, 2001. Under Executive Order 13211, a ``significant 
energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency (normally 
published in the Federal Register) that promulgates, or is expected to 
lead to the promulgation of, a final rule or regulation (including a 
notice of inquiry, advance notice of proposed rulemaking, and notice of 
proposed rulemaking) that: (1)(i) Is a significant regulatory action 
under Executive Order 12866 or any successor order, and (ii) is likely 
to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or 
use of energy; or (2) is designated by the Administrator of the Office 
of Information and Regulatory Affairs as a significant energy action. 
See E.O. 13211. FRA has evaluated this rule under Executive Order 
13211. FRA has determined this rule will not have a significant adverse 
effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy, and, thus, is not 
a ``significant energy action'' under Executive Order 13211.

Privacy Act

    In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(c), DOT solicits comments from the 
public to better inform its rulemaking process. DOT posts these 
comments, without edit, to www.regulations.gov, as described in the 
system of records notice, DOT/ALL-14 FDMS, accessible through 
www.dot.gov/privacy. In order to facilitate comment tracking and 
response, FRA encourages commenters to provide their name, or the name 
of their organization; however, submission of names is completely 
optional. Whether or not commenters identify themselves, all timely 
comments will be fully considered. If one wishes to provide comments 
containing proprietary or confidential information, please contact the 
agency for alternate submission instructions.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 225

    Investigations, Penalties, Railroad safety, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

The Rule

    In consideration of the foregoing, FRA amends part 225 of chapter 
II, subtitle B of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, as follows:

PART 225-[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 225 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 103, 322(a), 20103, 20107, 20901-02, 
21301, 21302, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461, note; and 49 CFR 1.89.


0
2. In Sec.  225.19, revise the first sentence of paragraph (c), and 
paragraph (e) to read as follows:

[[Page 9222]]

Sec.  225.19  Primary groups of accidents/incidents.

* * * * *
    (c) Group II--Rail equipment. Rail equipment accidents/incidents 
are collisions, derailments, fires, explosions, acts of God, and other 
events involving the operation of on-track equipment (standing or 
moving) that result in damages higher than the current reporting 
threshold (i.e., $6,700 for calendar years 2002 through 2005, $7,700 
for calendar year 2006, $8,200 for calendar year 2007, $8,500 for 
calendar year 2008, $8,900 for calendar year 2009, $9,200 for calendar 
year 2010, $9,400 for calendar year 2011, $9,500 for calendar year 
2012, $9,900 for calendar year 2013, $10,500 for calendar year 2014, 
$10,500 for calendar year 2015, $10,500 for calendar year 2016, and 
$10,700 for calendar years 2017 and beyond, until revised) to railroad 
on-track equipment, signals, tracks, track structures, or roadbed, 
including labor costs and the costs for acquiring new equipment and 
material.
* * * * *
    (e) The reporting threshold is $6,700 for calendar years 2002 
through 2005, $7,700 for calendar year 2006, $8,200 for calendar year 
2007, $8,500 for calendar year 2008, $8,900 for calendar year 2009, 
$9,200 for calendar year 2010, $9,400 for calendar year 2011, $9,500 
for calendar year 2012, $9,900 for calendar year 2013, $10,500 for 
calendar year 2014, $10,500 for calendar year 2015, $10,500 for 
calendar year 2016, and $10,700 for calendar years 2017 and beyond, 
until revised. The procedure for determining the reporting threshold 
for calendar years 2006 and beyond appears as paragraphs 1-8 of 
appendix B to part 225.
* * * * *

Juan D. Reyes, III,
Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2018-04349 Filed 3-2-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-06-P


