
[Federal Register: October 29, 2010 (Volume 75, Number 209)]
[Proposed Rules]               
[Page 66702-66708]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr29oc10-24]                         

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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

18 CFR Part 40

[Docket No. RM09-19-000]

 
Western Electric Coordinating Council; Qualified Transfer Path 
Unscheduled Flow Relief Regional Reliability Standard

October 21, 2010.
AGENCY: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Energy.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: Under section 215 of the Federal Power Act, the Federal Energy 
Regulatory Commission (Commission) proposes to approve regional 
Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 (Qualified Transfer Path 
Unscheduled Flow Relief) submitted to the Commission for approval by 
the North American Electric Reliability Corporation. While we propose 
to approve the regional Reliability Standard, as discussed in this 
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, IRO-006-WECC-1 raises some concerns 
about which the Commission requests additional information. Depending 
upon the responses received, in the Final Rule the Commission may, as a 
separate action under section 215(d)(5) of the FPA, direct the Western 
Electricity Coordinating Council to develop modifications to the 
regional Reliability Standard to address the issues identified.

DATES: Comments are due December 28, 2010.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons may submit comments, identified by Docket 
No. RM09-19-000, by any of the following methods:
     Agency Web Site: http://www.ferc.gov. Documents created 
electronically using word processing software should be filed in native 
applications or print-to-PDF format and not in a scanned format.
     Mail/Hand Delivery. Commenters unable to file comments 
electronically must mail or hand deliver an original copy of their 
comments to: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Secretary of the 
Commission, 888 First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426. These 
requirements can be found on the Commission's Web site, see, e.g., the 
``Quick Reference Guide for Paper Submissions,'' available at http://
www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/efiling.asp or via phone from FERC Online 
Support at 202-502-6652 or toll-free at 1-866-208-3676.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Mindi Sauter (Legal Information), Office of the General Counsel, 
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, NE., 
Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502-6830.
Danny Johnson (Technical Information), Office of Electric Reliability, 
Division of Reliability Standards, Federal Energy Regulatory 
Commission, 888 First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502-
8892.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

    1. Under section 215 of the Federal Power Act (FPA),\1\ the 
Commission proposes to approve regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-
WECC-1 (Qualified Transfer Path Unscheduled Flow Relief) submitted to 
the Commission for approval by the North American Electric Reliability 
Corporation (NERC), the Commission-certified Electric Reliability 
Organization (ERO). While we propose to approve the regional 
Reliability Standard, as discussed in this Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking, IRO-006-WECC-1 raises some concerns about which the 
Commission requests additional information. Depending upon the 
responses received, the Commission may, in the Final Rule, direct the 
Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) to develop 
modifications to the regional Reliability Standard to address the 
issues identified.
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    \1\ 16 U.S.C. 824o.
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I. Background

A. Section 215 of the FPA and NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006

    2. Section 215 of the FPA requires a Commission-certified ERO to 
develop mandatory and enforceable Reliability Standards, which are 
subject to Commission review and approval.\2\ Approved Reliability 
Standards are enforced by the ERO, subject to Commission oversight, or 
by the Commission independently.
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    \2\ The Commission certified NERC as the ERO in July 2006. North 
American Electric Reliability Corp., 116 FERC ] 61,062 (ERO 
Certification Order), order on reh'g and compliance, 117 FERC ] 
61,126 (2006), aff'd sub nom. Alcoa, Inc. v. FERC, 564 F.3d 1342 (DC 
Cir. 2009).
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    3. On March 16, 2007, the Commission issued Order No. 693 approving 
83 Reliability Standards proposed by NERC, including Reliability 
Standard IRO-006-3, titled ``Reliability Coordination--Transmission 
Loading Relief.'' \3\ In

[[Page 66703]]

addition, the Commission directed the ERO to develop modifications to 
IRO-006-3 and other approved Reliability Standards to address specific 
issues identified by the Commission, pursuant to section 215(d)(5) of 
the FPA.
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    \3\ Mandatory Reliability Standards for the Bulk-Power System, 
Order No. 693, FERC Stats. & Regs. ] 31,242, order on reh'g, Order 
No. 693-A, 120 FERC ] 61,053 (2007).
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    4. NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006-3 establishes a Transmission 
Loading Relief (TLR) process for use in the Eastern Interconnection to 
alleviate loadings on the system by curtailing or changing transactions 
based on their priorities and according to different levels of TLR 
procedures. Requirement R2.2 provides that ``the equivalent 
Interconnection-wide transmission loading relief procedure for use in 
the Western Interconnection is the WECC Unscheduled Flow Mitigation 
Plan.'' This document provides detailed instructions for addressing 
unscheduled flows, e.g., parallel path flows, based on the topography 
and configuration of the Bulk-Power System in the Western 
Interconnection. The Unscheduled Flow Mitigation Plan identifies nine 
``steps'' to address unscheduled flows. In the first three steps, the 
Mitigation Plan relies on phase angle regulators, series capacitors, 
and back-to-back DC lines to mitigate contingencies without curtailing 
transactions. Steps four and above involve curtailment of transactions.
    5. On March 19, 2009, the Commission approved IRO-006-4, which 
modified the prior version of the Reliability Standard and addressed 
the Commission's directives from Order No. 693.\4\ The Commission 
subsequently accepted an erratum to that Reliability Standard that 
corrected the reference in Requirement R1.2 to the Unscheduled Flow 
Mitigation Plan (Mitigation Plan).\5\
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    \4\ Modification of Interchange and Transmission Loading Relief 
Reliability Standards; and Electric Reliability Organization 
Interpretation of Specific Requirements of Four Reliability 
Standards, Order No. 713-A, 126 FERC ] 61,252 (2009).
    \5\ North American Electric Reliability Corp., Docket No. RD09-
9-000 (Dec. 10, 2009) (unpublished letter order). Note that 
Reliability Standard IRO-006-4.1, Requirement R1.2 refers to the 
``WECC Unscheduled Flow Reduction Procedure,'' which is Attachment 1 
to the Mitigation Plan, the term we use herein.
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B. WECC Delegation Agreement and WECC Regional Reliability Standard 
IRO-STD-006-0

    6. On April 19, 2007, the Commission approved delegation agreements 
between NERC and each of the eight Regional Entities, including 
WECC.\6\ Pursuant to such agreements, the ERO delegated responsibility 
to the Regional Entities to enforce the mandatory, Commission-approved 
Reliability Standards. In addition, the Commission approved, as part of 
each delegation agreement, a Regional Entity process for developing 
regional Reliability Standards. In the Delegation Agreement Order, the 
Commission accepted WECC as a Regional Entity organized on an 
Interconnection-wide basis and accepted WECC's Standards Development 
Manual, which sets forth the process for development of WECC's 
Reliability Standards.\7\
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    \6\ See North American Electric Reliability Corp., 119 FERC ] 
61,060, order on reh'g, 120 FERC ] 61,260 (2007) (Delegation 
Agreement Order).
    \7\ Id. P 469-470.
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    7. On June 8, 2007, the Commission approved eight WECC regional 
Reliability Standards that apply in the Western Interconnection, 
including IRO-STD-006-0.\8\ The regional Reliability Standard applies 
to transmission operators, load-serving entities and balancing 
authorities within the Western Interconnection. Currently effective 
IRO-STD-006-0 addresses the mitigation of transmission overloads due to 
unscheduled line flow on specified paths. Specifically, Requirement R1 
of IRO-STD-006-0 states that:
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    \8\ North American Electric Reliability Corp., 119 FERC ] 61,260 
(June 8, 2007 Order).

    WECC's Unscheduled Flow Mitigation Plan (Plan) * * * specifies 
that members shall comply with requests from (Qualified) Transfer 
Path Operators to take actions that will reduce unscheduled flow on 
the Qualified Path in accordance with the table entitled ``WECC 
Unscheduled Flow Procedure Summary of Curtailment Actions,'' which 
is located in Attachment 1 of the Plan.\9\
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    \9\ Regional Reliability Standard IRO-STD-006-0, available at 
http://www.wecc.biz/Standards/Approved%20Standards/IRO-STD-006-
0.pdf.

The regional Reliability Standard then provides excerpts from the plan 
that describe actions entities must take to address unscheduled flow.
    8. The June 8, 2007 Order directed WECC to develop certain 
modifications to the eight WECC Reliability Standards to address issues 
identified by the Commission. With respect to IRO-STD-006-0, the 
Commission directed WECC to clarify the term ``receiver'' used in the 
Reliability Standard. The Commission also directed WECC to address 
concerns raised by a commenter regarding WECC's inclusion of load-
serving entities, which may be unable to meet the Reliability 
Standard's requirements, in the applicability section of the 
Reliability Standard.\10\ The Commission directed WECC to remove a 
Sanctions Table (identifying a maximum penalty of $10,000 per 
violation) that is inconsistent with the NERC Sanctions Guidelines. The 
Commission also directed WECC to address NERC's concerns regarding 
formatting, use of standard terms, and the need for greater specificity 
in the actions that a responsible entity must take.
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    \10\ June 8, 2007 Order, 119 FERC ] 61,260 at P 70-71.
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II. Petition for Proposed Regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1

A. Proposed Regional Reliability Standard

    9. In a June 17, 2009 filing, NERC requests Commission approval of 
proposed regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1, which was 
developed in response to the Commission's directives in the June 8, 
2007 Order, to replace the currently effective regional Standard.\11\ 
NERC states that the purpose of IRO-006-WECC-1 is to mitigate 
transmission overloads due to unscheduled flow on Qualified Transfer 
Paths. Under the Reliability Standard, reliability coordinators are 
responsible for initiating schedule curtailments and balancing 
authorities are responsible for implementing the curtailments. 
Specifically, proposed regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 
contains the following two Requirements:
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    \11\ North American Electric Reliability Corp., June 17, 2009 
Petition for Approval of Proposed Western Electricity Coordinating 
Council Regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 (NERC 
Petition).

    R.1. Upon receiving a request of Step 4 or greater (see 
Attachment 1-IRO-006-WECC-1) from the Transmission Operator of a 
Qualified Transfer Path, the Reliability Coordinator shall approve 
(actively or passively) or deny that request within five minutes.
    R.2. The Balancing Authorities shall approve curtailment 
requests to the schedules as submitted, implement alternative 
actions, or a combination there of that collectively meets the 
Relief Requirement.

An attachment to IRO-006-WECC-1 summarizes the nine steps and related 
actions to address unscheduled flows.

    10. NERC states that the revised regional Reliability Standard 
addresses the Commission's prior concerns by removing load-serving 
entities as an applicable entity, no longer referring to receivers, and 
addressing formatting changes required by NERC and the Commission's 
June 8, 2007 Order. Further, NERC states the proposed Reliability 
Standard is justified on the basis that the regional Reliability 
Standard's requirements are more stringent than those contained in the 
associated NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006-4. NERC explains that the 
NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006-4

[[Page 66704]]

requires a reliability coordinator experiencing a potential or actual 
System Operating Limit (SOL) or Interconnection Reliability Operating 
Limit (IROL) violation to take appropriate actions to relieve 
transmission loading using local or Interconnection-wide procedures. 
According to NERC, Requirement R1 of the proposed regional Reliability 
Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 goes beyond the NERC requirements by 
establishing a process to reduce schedules that prevents potential 
overloads during the next operating hour. In addition, the proposed 
Reliability Standard requires each reliability coordinator to approve 
or deny a request submitted by a Qualified Transfer Path transmission 
operator within five minutes. Requirement R2 of the proposed regional 
Reliability Standard requires each balancing authority to approve 
curtailment requests to the schedules as submitted, implement 
alternative actions, or a combination thereof, which collectively meet 
the relief requirement.

B. Concerns Raised by NERC Regarding the WECC Proposal

    11. In the Petition, NERC explains that, when WECC submitted IRO-
006-WECC-1 for NERC's review, NERC was concerned that the proposed 
Standard no longer contains requirements that are more stringent than 
the continent-wide NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006-4, which was the 
main justification for consideration of IRO-006-WECC-1 as the regional 
Reliability Standard.\12\ NERC states that, at the direction of the 
NERC Board of Trustees, NERC staff met several times with WECC staff to 
discuss its concerns with the proposed regional Reliability Standard.
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    \12\ Id 26-27.
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1. Pre-Curtailment Actions
    12. In its Petition, NERC expressed several concerns. First, NERC 
was concerned that the proposed Standard only includes the curtailment 
portion of the Mitigation Plan. In contrast, the current regional 
Reliability Standard IRO-STD-006-0 references WECC's Mitigation Plan, 
which contains directions in steps one through three to reduce flows 
through use of phase-angle regulators, series capacitors, and back-to-
back DC lines before transaction curtailment.
    13. According to the NERC Petition, WECC explained that the 
proposed regional Reliability Standard contains the curtailment portion 
of the Mitigation Plan ``because the remaining items contain procedural 
requirements explaining `how,' not `what.' '' \13\ WECC explained to 
NERC that two WECC regional Reliability Standards work together. 
Proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 prevents overloads during the next hour by 
requiring applicable entities to reduce schedules and adjust generation 
patterns. In addition, regional Reliability Standard TOP-007-WECC-1 
(System Operating Limits), contains instructions for mitigation of an 
actual, real-time overload.\14\ According to WECC, these regional 
Reliability Standards, combined, ensure that the transmission operator 
will utilize the phase-angle regulators, series capacitors, and back-
to-back DC lines before transaction curtailment.
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    \13\ Id. at 30.
    \14\ NERC's petition for approval of regional Reliability 
Standard TOP-007-WECC-1 is currently pending before the Commission 
in Docket No. RM09-14-000.
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    14. In addition, NERC provided additional supplemental information 
in Exhibit C of its Petition regarding how WECC envisions the 
implementation of proposed regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-
1. Exhibit C contains the complete development record of proposed 
regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 and includes WECC's 
undated response to NERC's concerns regarding the interaction between 
TOP-007-WECC-1 and IRO-006-WECC-1.\15\
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    \15\ The document is titled, ``Interaction between TOP-007-WECC-
1 and IRO-006-WECC-1.''
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    15. Specifically, NERC raised a concern that ``IRO-006-WECC-1 
removed a requirement for the Transmission Operator (TOP) to request 
relief through the WECC Qualified Path Unscheduled Flow Relief 
Procedure when a qualified transfer path exceeded or was close to 
exceeding a System Operating Limit (SOL).'' In response, WECC stated 
that ``the requirements of another WECC regional reliability standard, 
TOP-STD-007-0 (interim approved Tier 1 standard), as well as the WECC 
proposed replacement regional reliability standard TOP-007-WECC-1, 
require the TOP to take actions to ensure that SOLs are not exceeded.'' 
\16\
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    \16\ Exhibit C to NERC Petition, Interaction between TOP-007-
WECC-1 and IRO-006-WECC-1 at 1.
    Requirement WR1 of the currently applicable regional Reliability 
Standard, TOP-STD-007-0 provides, in part, that ``Actual power flow 
and net scheduled power flow over an interconnection or transfer 
path shall be maintained within Operating Transfer Capability 
Limits.'' The NERC Glossary defines Operating Transfer Capability 
Limit as ``the maximum value of the most critical system operating 
parameter(s) which meets: (a) Precontingency criteria as determined 
by equipment loading capability and acceptable voltage conditions, 
(b) transient criteria as determined by equipment loading capability 
and acceptable voltage conditions, (c) transient performance 
criteria, and (d) post-contingency loading and voltage criteria.''
    Proposed regional Reliability Standard TOP-007-WECC-1, 
Requirement R1 provides that ``When the actual power flow exceeds an 
SOL for a Transmission path, the Transmission Operators shall take 
immediate action to reduce the actual power flow across the path 
such that at no time shall the power flow for the Transmission path 
exceed the SOL for more than 30 minutes.''
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    16. WECC further explained that TOP-WECC-007-1 requires 
Transmission Operators to keep path flows and schedules at or below 
SOLs for 40 identified paths. WECC stated that ``TOPs, in coordination 
with the Reliability Coordinators, may select from several methods'' to 
reduce flows, and provide several examples, such as on path schedule 
curtailments, adjust controllable devices (e.g., phase shifters, series 
capacitors), use of the WECC Mitigation Plan if the path experiencing 
the loading is a qualified path, or local procedures, as well as other 
examples. WECC further explained that the ``key point'' with respect to 
qualified paths, ``is that it is TOP-007-WECC-1, not IRO-006-WECC-1, 
that requires the TOP to take actions to reduce flows to within SOLs.'' 
\17\ In situations where the Transmission Operator has taken action to 
reduce the flows on qualified paths, but the flows remain near or 
exceeding the SOL, ``IRO-006-WECC-1 requires curtailment of 
Contributing Schedules or provision of comparable relief through other 
means, as identified in the Unscheduled Flow Reduction Procedure [a 
portion of the Mitigation Plan].'' \18\ WECC further notes that 
``implementation of the [Mitigation Plan] is one of the options 
available to the TOP to prevent potential violations of TOP-007-WECC-1. 
If the TOP is able to take other actions to keep actual flows within 
SOLs, the TOP may not need or desire to utilize the [Mitigation Plan]. 
* * * However, if the TOP chooses the [Mitigation Plan] as one of the 
alternatives to manage flows, the requirements of IRO-006-WECC-1 make 
it mandatory for entities with Contributing Schedules to curtail these 
schedules, upon approval by the [reliability coordinator], to provide 
the necessary relief.'' \19\ WECC summarizes the interaction between 
the two regional standards, stating that ``IRO-006-WECC-1 provides 
entities with the necessary motivation to curtail off-path schedules 
and adjust generation to prevent and/or reduce qualified path 
overloads, thus facilitating compliance with TOP-007-WECC-1.'' \20\
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    \17\ Exhibit C to Petition, Interaction between TOP-007-WECC-1 
and IRO-006-WECC-1 at 2.
    \18\ Id. at 2-3.
    \19\ Id. at 3.
    \20\ Id. at 4.

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[[Page 66705]]

2. Role of Reliability Coordinator
    17. NERC's second concern with the proposed regional Standard was 
with regard to the role of the reliability coordinator. According to 
the NERC Petition, NERC staff requested clarification regarding the 
role of the reliability coordinator in initiating curtailments. In the 
proposed Reliability Standard, IRO-006-WECC-1, the reliability 
coordinator is only obligated to respond to a transmission operator's 
curtailment request. However, there is no mention in either the 
proposed Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 or TOP-007-WECC-1 that the entity with 
the wide-area view, the reliability coordinator, can initiate 
curtailment requests if needed for reliability. Nor do they indicate 
what recourse the transmission operator has if the reliability 
coordinator denies the request for curtailment. WECC confirmed that the 
reliability coordinator does not initiate curtailments but, rather, 
approves the transmission operator's request for curtailment. 
Requirement R1 of proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 requires the reliability 
coordinator to approve or deny the request, which is accomplished using 
the OATI webSAS tool.\21\ Unless the reliability coordinator denies the 
request for reliability reasons, the webSAS tool, through preprogrammed 
algorithms, identifies the off-path schedules to curtail and submits 
those curtailments to the entities identified on the tags. WECC also 
confirmed that the reliability coordinator has the wide-area view and, 
when a transmission operator requests curtailment of off-path 
schedules, the reliability coordinator may deny the request for 
reliability reasons. In that situation, the transmission operator, in 
coordination with the reliability coordinator, would then follow one of 
the other WECC or local procedures for reducing path flow.
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    \21\ The webSAS (Security Analysis System) is a proprietary 
Internet based application that is used by WECC to analyze, 
initiate, communicate, and provide compliance reports for 
implementation of the Unscheduled Flow Reduction Procedure. It is 
available by subscription through the vendor to provide notification 
of Unscheduled Flow Events, calculate and display required relief, 
and provide a rapid method of transaction curtailments.
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    18. NERC states that, as a result of WECC's clarification, the NERC 
Board of Trustees approved proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 on February 10, 
2009.

III. Discussion

    19. Under section 215(d)(2) of the FPA, we propose to approve 
regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1, as just, reasonable, not 
unduly discriminatory or preferential, and in the public interest. In 
addition, we ask WECC, the ERO, and other interested entities to 
provide further clarification regarding several aspects of the proposed 
regional Reliability Standard. Depending on the responses to our 
concerns, we may determine that it is appropriate to direct WECC to 
develop modifications to the proposed regional Reliability Standard 
under section 215(d)(5) of the FPA.
    20. It is the Commission's view that the proposed regional 
Reliability Standard adequately addresses a number of the directives 
identified in the June 8, 2007 Order and represents improvement to the 
standard. For example, it appears that IRO-006-WECC-1 adequately 
addresses our concern regarding use of the term ``receiver'' by 
removing the term, and thereby eliminating potential confusion that 
could result from the undefined term. The proposed regional Reliability 
Standard also provides additional clarity by removing load-serving 
entities from the applicability section of the standard. This is 
beneficial since, as noted by NERC and WECC, load-serving entities may 
be unable to meet the Reliability Standard's requirements with regard 
to curtailment procedures. Further, unlike the currently effective 
regional Reliability Standard, IRO-006-WECC-1 would include reliability 
coordinators as an applicable entity and would address their role in 
curtailment procedures.
    21. As indicated by NERC, proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 appears to go 
beyond the corresponding NERC Reliability Standard by requiring a 
reliability coordinator to approve or deny a request submitted by a 
transmission operator within five minutes.
    22. The WECC Reliability Standard also addresses formatting 
concerns, including the use of standard terms, conformance with NERC's 
Violation Severity Level and Violation Risk Factor matrix, and the 
elimination of a WECC sanction table (with a maximum penalty of 
$10,000) and ``Excuse of Performance'' section in the currently 
effective WECC standard that significantly differ from NERC's Sanction 
Guidelines. In addition, IRO-006-WECC-1 ensures that the requirements 
are part of the regional Reliability Standard rather than embedded in a 
filing. For these reasons, we propose to approve the proposed WECC 
Reliability Standard.

Commission Concerns

    23. However, in addressing the Commission's directives, such as the 
removal of load-serving entities and the term ``receivers,'' it appears 
that WECC has raised some other concerns that create possible conflicts 
or inconsistencies between proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 and NERC's currently 
effective IRO-006-4, as discussed below. In modifying the regional 
Reliability Standard, WECC has eliminated the reference to the 
Mitigation Plan, included in both the NERC standard, IRO-006-4, and the 
currently effective WECC standard. As mentioned above, the Mitigation 
Plan includes nine steps to address unscheduled flows; steps four and 
above requiring varying levels of curtailments of transactions. 
Requirement R1 of proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 provides that ``[u]pon 
receiving a request of Step 4 or greater * * * from the Transmission 
Operator of a Qualified Transfer Path, the Reliability Coordinator 
shall approve * * * or deny that request within five minutes''; 
however, steps one through three are no longer referenced in IRO-006-
WECC-1 or in the related regional Standard TOP-007-WECC-1.
    24. On the other hand, NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006-4 
continues to specifically reference the Mitigation Plan with regard to 
transmission loading relief in the Western Interconnection. However, 
the Mitigation Plan has not been updated to include the requirement 
that the reliability coordinator act on a request for relief within 
five minutes, an improvement contained in WECC's proposed IRO-006-WECC-
1. Likewise, the Mitigation Plan continues to reference and require 
action by ``receivers,'' while that term is removed from the proposed 
WECC regional Reliability Standard, in conformance with the 
Commission's directive in the June 8, 2007 Order.
    25. Because of these dichotomies between the proposed regional 
Reliability Standard and the corresponding NERC Standard, we have 
several areas of concern regarding how the proposed regional Standard 
would work in practice to ensure Reliable Operation in the Western 
Interconnection. Specifically, we are concerned with: (1) How entities 
will know whether to follow the national or regional Standard in a 
given situation; (2) WECC's and NERC's reliance on TOP-007-WECC-1 to 
ensure that entities manage power flows using steps one through three 
of the Mitigation Plan prior to requesting curtailments; (3) how the 
webSAS tool will work with respect to the national and regional 
Standard; and (4) the potential reliability impact of reliability 
coordinators' inability to request curtailments.

[[Page 66706]]

    26. With regard to our first concern, it is our understanding that 
in responding to unscheduled flows on qualified paths, entities would 
initially follow the requirements of the current regional TOP-007 
Reliability Standard (whichever version is in effect), which would 
allow the option of using steps one through three of the Mitigation 
Plan. Although the requirement in the current regional Reliability 
Standard TOP-STD-007-0 does not specifically require Transmission 
Operators to perform steps one through three of the Mitigation Plan, it 
requires Transmission Operators to maintain flow within Operating 
Transfer Capability Limits, which gives the Transmission Operator the 
authority to take whatever actions necessary to return within its 
Operating Transfer Capability Limit or SOL (depending on the version of 
the Standard). Specifically, as described above, the approved regional 
Reliability Standard TOP-STD-007-0 does not allow for operation 
exceeding an Operating Transfer Capability Limit for longer than a 
specified period of time. Additionally, without prejudging the proposal 
pending before us in Docket No. RM09-9-000, we note that proposed 
regional Standard TOP-WECC-007-0 does not allow for operation exceeding 
an SOL for longer than a specified period of time and also requires a 
transmission operator to take immediate action to reduce such flows. 
Thus, as WECC explained with respect to the proposed TOP-007-WECC-1, 
one of the Transmission Operator's options for ensuring that flows are 
maintained within Operating Transfer Capability Limits is to utilize 
steps one through three. Both of these regional Reliability Standards 
give the transmission operator authority to use various means to ensure 
that the system is returned to within an SOL or IROL, including 
utilizing the options listed within steps one through three of the 
Mitigation Plan if deemed appropriate. If those steps prove 
ineffective, it is our understanding that a transmission operator may 
choose, if the path qualifies, to request curtailments, which would 
require reliability coordinators and balancing authorities to follow 
steps four through nine of the proposed regional Standard, IRO-006-
WECC-1. Because of this, we are unclear how the NERC IRO-006-4 national 
Reliability Standard would interact with the regional Reliability 
Standards, or if the national and regional Standards are duplicative. 
Accordingly, we request comment from NERC, WECC, and other interested 
entities regarding the interaction between the differing requirements 
contained in the regional versus national Reliability Standard. We also 
seek comment on which of the Standards' requirements take precedence 
and how NERC envisions ensuring compliance and consistent enforcement 
with regard to the Standards.
    27. In a related vein, NERC indicates that proposed IRO-006-WECC-1 
is more stringent than NERC Reliability Standard IRO-006 and ``goes 
beyond the NERC Requirements by establishing a process to reduce 
schedules that prevent potential overloads during the next operating 
hour.'' \22\ However, it is not clear to the Commission why that same 
benefit is not contained in the Mitigation Plan, which is referenced in 
the corresponding NERC Reliability Standard. The Commission seeks 
comment on this matter.
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    \22\ NERC Petition at 11.
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    28. Our second concern is that, as noted above, the portion of the 
Mitigation Plan that the Commission relied upon in determining that the 
current regional Reliability Standard IRO-STD-006-0 is more stringent 
than the NERC Standard was contained within the procedures for steps 
one through three (i.e., use of phase-angle regulators, series 
capacitors, and back-to-back DC lines to mitigate unscheduled flows 
before transaction curtailment), which is no longer referenced in 
proposed IRO-006-WECC-1. The NERC Petition states that another WECC 
regional Reliability Standard, TOP-STD-007-0 or TOP-007-WECC-1 
(whichever is in effect), works in conjunction with IRO-006-WECC-1 to 
ensure these functions are performed. However, TOP-STD-007-0 requires 
transmission operators to ensure that power flows are maintained within 
Operating Transfer Capability Limits, but does not explicitly state 
that they must perform steps one through three of the Mitigation Plan. 
Similarly, without prejudging the pending proposal, it appears that 
TOP-007-WECC-1 generally requires entities to take action to reduce the 
actual flow to within SOL levels in within set time limits, but does 
not explicitly require action based on the specific options set forth 
in steps one through three of the Mitigation Plan. NERC and WECC posit 
that TOP-007-WECC-1 focuses on the ``what'' and not the ``how.'' 
Nonetheless, the Commission is concerned whether WECC's reliance on 
TOP-STD-007-0 or TOP-007-WECC-1 (whichever is in effect) is an adequate 
replacement for the currently required pre-curtailment actions set 
forth and currently required in steps one through three of the 
Mitigation Plan. We request further explanation from NERC and WECC on 
this issue. Depending upon the response and comments, the Commission 
may determine it is appropriate to direct NERC and WECC to include 
references in IRO-006-WECC-1 to the specific actions set forth in steps 
one through three of the Mitigation Plan.
    29. Third, as discussed above, NERC's Petition explains that the 
webSAS tool uses preprogrammed algorithms to calculate curtailments 
and, unless the reliability coordinator actively denies the request, 
webSAS approves the curtailment within five minutes.\23\ We request 
additional information regarding how the webSAS program works in 
relation to WECC's proposed IRO-006-WECC-1, as well as NERC's currently 
effective IRO-006-4, which is incorporated by reference in the 
Mitigation Plan. For example, we ask that comments address how the 
webSAS program incorporates the process outlined in the Mitigation 
Plan. We also seek comment regarding how differences between the 
process detailed in the Mitigation Plan, which remains incorporated by 
reference in NERC's IRO-006-4, and the webSAS programming could create 
conflicts with respect to enforcement.
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    \23\ NERC Petition at 28-29.
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    30. Fourth, the Commission is concerned about the possibility that 
automatic approval through the webSAS tool may occur without 
reliability coordinator review, as well as reliability coordinators' 
inability to request curtailments, and the resultant affect on 
reliability. Since, as the NERC Petition indicated, reliability 
coordinators are the only entities with the wide-area view, it is the 
Commission's view that it is appropriate that reliability coordinators, 
as the entity with the highest level of authority to ensure reliable 
operation of the Bulk-Power System,\24\ have the ability to act to 
ensure reliability if necessary. For example, this is consistent with a 
reliability coordinator's ability to initiate relief procedures without 
first receiving a request from a transmission operator as established 
in NERC Reliability Standard IRO-001-1 \25\ and IRO-006-4.\26\ We 
request comment on these concerns.
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    \24\ See NERC Glossary definition of ``reliability 
coordinator.''
    \25\ Reliability Standard IRO-001-1, Requirement R3, provides 
that the reliability coordinator ``shall have clear decision-making 
authority to act and direct actions * * * to preserve the integrity 
and reliability of the Bulk Electric System.''
    \26\ Reliability Standard IRO-006-4, Requirement R1 provides 
that a reliability coordinator experiencing a potential or actual 
system operating limit or interconnection reliability operator limit 
``shall, with its authority and at its discretion, select one or 
more procedures to provide transmission loading relief.''

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[[Page 66707]]

    31. While we believe IRO-006-WECC-1 generally is acceptable and 
responsive to the directives in the June 8, 2007 Order, because of the 
issues noted above, we observe that maintaining both a regional 
difference in the national Reliability Standard and a regional 
Reliability Standard addressing unscheduled flows may be unnecessary 
and confusing. We believe it might be more efficient and appropriate to 
incorporate all the WECC rules and procedures with respect to 
unscheduled flow mitigation in a single document. Thus, the Commission 
requests comments regarding whether it should direct WECC to either (1) 
revise the Mitigation Plan referenced by IRO-006-4 to incorporate all 
the WECC rules and procedures, thus eliminating the need for the 
regional Reliability Standard; or (2) incorporate all the WECC rules 
and procedures into IRO-006-WECC-1 and TOP-007-WECC-1 while eliminating 
the regional difference contained in NERC IRO-006-4.

Summary

    32. We propose to approve proposed regional Reliability Standard 
IRO-006-WECC-1 as just, reasonable, not unduly discriminatory or 
preferential, and in the public interest. We also seek comment from the 
ERO, WECC, and other interested entities regarding the Commission's 
specific concerns discussed above. The Commission may determine in the 
Final Rule, after considering such comments, that it is appropriate to 
direct WECC to develop additional modifications to IRO-006-WECC-1 and/
or to update the Mitigation Plan.

IV. Information Collection Statement

    33. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) regulations require 
approval of certain information collection requirements imposed by 
agency rules.\27\ Upon approval of a collection(s) of information, OMB 
will assign an OMB control number and an expiration date. Respondents 
subject to the filing requirements of this proposed rule will not be 
penalized for failing to respond to these collections of information 
unless the collections of information display a valid OMB control 
number. The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) \28\ requires each Federal 
agency to seek and obtain OMB approval before undertaking a collection 
of information directed to ten or more persons, or imposed by agency 
rules.\29\
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    \27\ 5 CFR 1320.11.
    \28\ 44 U.S.C. 3501-20.
    \29\ 44 U.S.C. 3502(3)(A)(i), 44 U.S.C. 3507(a)(3), 5 CFR 
1320.11. The FERC-725E reporting requirements originally were 
approved by OMB on 10/10/2007.
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    34. The Commission is submitting these reporting requirements to 
OMB for its review and approval under section 3507(d) of the PRA. 
Comments are solicited on the Commission's need for this information, 
whether the information will have practical utility, the accuracy of 
provided burden estimates, ways to enhance the quality, utility, and 
clarity of the information to be collected, and any suggested methods 
for minimizing the respondent's burden, including the use of automated 
information techniques.
    35. This Notice of Proposed Rulemaking proposes to approve a new 
regional Reliability Standard, IRO-006-WECC-1, which will replace 
currently effective regional Reliability Standard IRO-STD-006-0 
approved by the Commission on June 8, 2007.\30\ Rather than creating 
entirely new requirements, the proposed regional Reliability Standard 
instead modifies and improves the existing regional Reliability 
Standard governing qualified transfer path unscheduled flow relief. 
Thus, this proposed rulemaking imposes a minimal additional burden on 
the affected entities.
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    \30\ North American Electric Reliability Corp., 119 FERC ] 
61,260.
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    36. The proposed Reliability Standard does not require responsible 
entities to file information with the Commission. However, it does 
require responsible entities to develop, provide, and maintain certain 
information for a specified period of time, subject to inspection by 
WECC. Specifically, the proposed Reliability Standard requires the 
reliability coordinator and balancing authorities to document and 
maintain information regarding actions taken in response to requests to 
mitigate unscheduled flow. We believe our approval of WECC regional 
Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 will result in a minimal increase 
in reporting burdens as compared to current practices in WECC.
    37. Commission approval of proposed regional Reliability Standard 
IRO-006-WECC-1 would make the standard mandatory and enforceable. 
Therefore, the Commission will submit this proposed rule to OMB for 
review and approval of the reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
    Title: FERC 725E, Mandatory Reliability Standards for the Western 
Electric Coordinating Council.
    Action: Proposed modification to FERC-725-E.
    OMB Control No.: 1902-0246.
    Respondents: Balancing Authorities and Reliability Coordinator in 
the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC).
    Frequency of Responses: On occasion.
    Necessity of the Information: This proposed rule would approve a 
revised Reliability Standard modifying the existing requirement for 
entities to respond to requests for curtailment. The proposed 
Reliability Standard requires entities to maintain documentation 
evidencing their response to such requests.
    Internal review: The Commission has reviewed the requirements 
pertaining to proposed regional Reliability Standard IRO-006-WECC-1 and 
believes it to be just, reasonable, not unduly discriminatory or 
preferential, and in the public interest. These requirements conform to 
the Commission's plan for efficient information collection, 
communication and management within the energy industry. The Commission 
has assured itself, by means of internal review, that there is 
specific, objective support for the burden estimates associated with 
the information requirements.
    Burden Estimate: The burden for the requirements in this proposed 
rule follow:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     Number of       Number of       Hours per     Total annual
            Data collection FERC-725E               respondents      responses       response          hours
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 Balancing Authorities and 1 Reliability                    36               1               1              36
 Coordinator-Reporting Requirement..............
35 Balancing Authorities and 1 Reliability                    36               1               1              36
 Coordinator-Recordkeeping Requirement..........
                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................  ..............  ..............  ..............              72
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 66708]]

    38. Total Annual hours for Collection: 36 reporting + 36 
recordkeeping = 72 hours.
    Information Collection Costs: The Commission seeks comments on the 
costs to comply with these requirements. It has projected the average 
annualized cost to be $5,760, as shown below:

Reporting = 36 hours @ $120/hour = $4,320
Recordkeeping = 36 hours @ $40/hour = $1,440
Total Costs = Reporting ($4,320) + Recordkeeping ($1,440) = $5,760

    39. Interested persons may obtain information on the reporting 
requirements by contacting: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 
First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426 [Attention: Ellen Brown, Office 
of the Executive Director, Phone: (202) 502-8663, fax: (202) 273-0873, 
e-mail: DataClearance@ferc.gov]. Comments on the requirements of the 
proposed rule may also be sent to the Office of Information and 
Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 
20503 [Attention: Desk Officer for the Federal Energy Regulatory 
Commission]. For security reasons, comments should be sent by e-mail to 
OMB at: oira_submission@omb.eop.gov. Please reference OMB Control 
Number 1902-0246 and the docket number of this proposed rulemaking in 
your submission.

V. Environmental Analysis

    40. The Commission is required to prepare an Environmental 
Assessment or an Environmental Impact Statement for any action that may 
have a significant adverse effect on the human environment.\31\ The 
actions proposed here fall within the categorical exclusion in the 
Commission's regulations for rules that are clarifying, corrective or 
procedural, for information gathering, analysis, and dissemination.\32\ 
Accordingly, neither an environmental impact statement nor 
environmental assessment is required.
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    \31\ Order No. 486, Regulations Implementing the National 
Environmental Policy Act, 52 FR 47897 (Dec. 17, 1987), FERC Stats. & 
Regs. ] 30,783 (1987).
    \32\ 18 CFR 380.4(a)(5).
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VI. Regulatory Flexibility Act Analysis

    41. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA) \33\ generally 
requires a description and analysis of final rules that will have 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
Most of the entities (i.e., reliability coordinators and balancing 
authorities) to which the requirements of this Rule would apply do not 
fall within the definition of small entities.\34\ The Commission 
estimates that only 2-4 of the 35 balancing authorities (or a maximum 
of 11.4%) are small. The proposed Reliability Standard reflects a 
modification of existing requirements. Based on the foregoing, the 
Commission certifies that this Rule will not have a significant impact 
on a substantial number of small entities. Accordingly, no regulatory 
flexibility analysis is required.
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    \33\ 5 U.S.C. 601-12.
    \34\ The RFA definition of ``small entity'' refers to the 
definition provided in the Small Business Act (SBA), which defines a 
``small business concern'' as a business that is independently owned 
and operated and that is not dominant in its field of operation. See 
15 U.S.C. 632. According to the SBA, a small electric utility is 
defined as one that has a total electric output of less than four 
million MWh in the preceding year.
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VII. Comment Procedures

    42. The Commission invites interested persons to submit comments on 
the matters and issues proposed in this notice to be adopted, including 
any related matters or alternative proposals that commenters may wish 
to discuss. Comments are due December 28, 2010. Comments must refer to 
Docket No. RM09-19-000, and must include the commenter's name, the 
organization they represent, if applicable, and their address in their 
comments.
    43. The Commission encourages comments to be filed electronically 
via the eFiling link on the Commission's Web site at http://
www.ferc.gov. The Commission accepts most standard word processing 
formats. Documents created electronically using word processing 
software should be filed in native applications or print-to-PDF format 
and not in a scanned format. Commenters filing electronically do not 
need to make a paper filing.
    44. Commenters that are not able to file comments electronically 
must send an original copy of their comments to: Federal Energy 
Regulatory Commission, Secretary of the Commission, 888 First Street, 
NE., Washington, DC 20426.
    45. All comments will be placed in the Commission's public files 
and may be viewed, printed, or downloaded remotely as described in the 
Document Availability section below. Commenters on this proposal are 
not required to serve copies of their comments on other commenters.

VIII. Document Availability

    46. In addition to publishing the full text of this document in the 
Federal Register, the Commission provides all interested persons an 
opportunity to view and/or print the contents of this document via the 
Internet through FERC's Home Page (http://www.ferc.gov) and in FERC's 
Public Reference Room during normal business hours (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. 
Eastern time) at 888 First Street, NE., Room 2A, Washington, DC 20426.
    47. From FERC's Home Page on the Internet, this information is 
available on eLibrary. The full text of this document is available on 
eLibrary in PDF and Microsoft Word format for viewing, printing, and/or 
downloading. To access this document in eLibrary, type the docket 
number excluding the last three digits of this document in the docket 
number field.
    48. User assistance is available for eLibrary and the FERC's Web 
site during normal business hours from FERC Online Support at 202-502-
6652 (toll free at 1-866-208-3676) or e-mail at 
ferconlinesupport@ferc.gov, or the Public Reference Room at (202) 502-
8371, TTY (202) 502-8659. E-mail the Public Reference Room at 
public.referenceroom@ferc.gov.

    By direction of the Commission.
Kimberly D. Bose,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2010-27408 Filed 10-28-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6717-01-P

