[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 147 (Wednesday, July 31, 2019)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 37167-37173]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-16330]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R03-OAR-2017-0290; FRL-9997-69-Region 3]


Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; 
Pennsylvania; Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) 
Determinations for Case-by-Case Sources Under the 1997 and 2008 8-Hour 
Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Part 1

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve

[[Page 37168]]

multiple state implementation plan (SIP) revisions submitted by the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. These revisions were submitted by the 
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) to 
establish and require reasonably available control technology (RACT) 
for 26 major sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen 
oxides (NOX) pursuant to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's 
conditionally approved RACT regulations. In this rulemaking action, EPA 
is only proposing to approve source-specific (also referred to as 
``case-by-case'') RACT determinations for 21 of the 26 major sources 
submitted by PADEP. These RACT evaluations were submitted to meet RACT 
requirements for the 1997 and 2008 ozone national ambient air quality 
standards (NAAQS). This action is being taken under the Clean Air Act 
(CAA).

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before August 30, 2019.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R03-
OAR-2017-0290 at https://www.regulations.gov, or via email to 
gordon.mike@epa.gov. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, follow 
the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, 
comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. For either 
manner of submission, EPA may publish any comment received to its 
public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you 
consider to be confidential business information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia 
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written 
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and 
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will 
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of 
the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing 
system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person 
identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the full 
EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia 
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please 
visit http://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Emily Bertram, Permits Branch 
(3AD10), Air and Radiation Division, U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. 
The telephone number is (215) 814-5273. Ms. Bertram can also be reached 
via electronic mail at bertram.emily@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On multiple dates, PADEP submitted multiple 
revisions to its SIP to address case-by-case NOX and/or VOC 
RACT for 26 major facilities. These SIP revisions are intended to 
address the NOX and/or VOC RACT requirements under sections 
182 and 184 of the CAA for the 1997 and 2008 ozone NAAQS. Table 1 below 
lists each SIP submittal date and the facilities included in its 
submittals. Although submitted in multiple packages by PADEP, EPA views 
each facility as a separable SIP revision and may take separate final 
action on one or more facilities. In this rulemaking action, EPA is 
only proposing to approve case-by-case RACT determinations for 21 of 
the 26 sources submitted to EPA by PADEP. The remaining five major 
sources are either now exempt from the source-specific RACT 
requirements or will be acted on in a future rulemaking action, once 
resubmitted to EPA by PADEP.
    For additional background information on Pennsylvania's 
``presumptive'' RACT II SIP see 84 FR 20274 (May 9, 2019) and on 
Pennsylvania's source-specific or ``case-by-case'' RACT determinations 
see the appropriate technical support document (TSD) which is available 
online at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket number EPA-R03-OAR-2017-
0290.

    Table 1--PADEP SIP Submittals for Major NOX and/or VOC Sources in
 Pennsylvania Subject to Source-Specific RACT Under the 1997 and 2008 8-
                           Hour Ozone Standard
------------------------------------------------------------------------
        SIP  submittal  date                Major source  (county)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/14/2017...........................  Exelon Generation--Fairless Hills
                                       (Bucks).
11/21/2017..........................  The Boeing Co. (Delaware).
                                      Cherokee Pharmaceuticals, LLC
                                       (Northumberland).
                                      Dominion Transmission--Finnefrock
                                       Station (Clinton).\a\
                                      First Quality Tissue, LLC
                                       (Clinton).
                                      JW Aluminum Company (Lycoming).
                                      Transco--Salladasburg Station 520
                                       (Lycoming).
                                      Ward Manufacturing, LLC (Tioga).
                                      Wood-Mode Inc. (Snyder).
4/26/2018...........................  Foam Fabricators Inc. (Columbia).
                                      Novipax (Berks).\b\
                                      Resilite Sports Products Inc.
                                       (Northumberland).
                                      Sunoco Partners Marketing &
                                       Terminals (Delaware).
                                      Texas Eastern--Bernville (Berks).
                                      Truck Accessories Group
                                       (Northumberland).\c\
6/26/2018...........................  Texas Eastern--Shermans Dale
                                       (Perry).
                                      Texas Eastern--Perulack (Juniata).
                                      Texas Eastern--Grantville
                                       (Dauphin).
                                      NRG Energy Center Paxton, LLC
                                       (Dauphin).
                                      Texas Eastern--Bechtelsville
                                       (Berks).
                                      Merck, Sharp & Dohme Corporation
                                       (Montgomery).\d\
10/29/2018..........................  Containment Solutions/Mt. Union
                                       Plant (Huntingdon).
                                      Armstrong World Ind./Marietta
                                       Ceiling Plant (Lancaster).
                                      Jeraco Enterprises Inc.
                                       (Northumberland).
                                      Global Advanced Metals USA Inc.
                                       (Montgomery).\e\
                                      Blommer Chocolate Company
                                       (Montgomery).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Dominion Transmission--Finnefrock Station was withdrawn from EPA
  consideration on August 27, 2018. PADEP determined this source was no
  longer subject to source-specific RACT requirements for the 1997 and
  2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
\b\ Novipax will be acted on in a future rulemaking action.
\c\ Truck Accessories Group was withdrawn from EPA consideration on July
  11, 2019. EPA will be taking action on this source in a future
  rulemaking action, once resubmitted by PADEP for approval into the PA
  SIP.
\d\ Merck, Sharp & Dohme Corporation was withdrawn from EPA
  consideration on July 11, 2019. EPA will be taking action on this
  source in a future rulemaking action, once resubmitted by PADEP for
  approval into the PA SIP.
\e\ Global Advanced Metals USA Inc. will be acted on in a future
  rulemaking action.

I. Background

A. 1997 and 2008 Ozone NAAQS

    Ground level ozone is not emitted directly into the air but is 
created by chemical reaction between NOX and VOC in the 
presence of sunlight. Emissions from industrial facilities, electric 
utilities, motor vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapors, and chemical 
solvents are some of the major sources of NOX and VOC. 
Breathing ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, particularly 
for children, the elderly, and people of all ages who have lung 
diseases such as asthma. Ground level ozone can also have harmful 
effects on sensitive vegetation and ecosystems.
    On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a standard for ground level ozone 
based on 8-hour average concentrations. 62 FR 38856. The 8-hour 
averaging period replaced the previous 1-hour averaging period, and the 
level of the NAAQS was changed from 0.12 parts per million

[[Page 37169]]

(ppm) to 0.08 ppm. On April 30, 2004, EPA designated two nonattainment 
areas in Pennsylvania under the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, namely 
Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-MD-DE (the Philadelphia 
Area) and Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley (the Pittsburgh Area). The remaining 
14 areas in Pennsylvania were designated marginal nonattainment areas. 
See 69 FR 23858 and 23931; see also 40 CFR 81.339.
    On March 12, 2008, EPA strengthened the 8-hour ozone standards, by 
revising its level to 0.075 ppm averaged over an 8-hour period (2008 8-
hour ozone NAAQS). On May 21, 2012, EPA designated five marginal 
nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania for the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS: 
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Lancaster, Reading, the Philadelphia Area, 
and the Pittsburgh Area. 77 FR 30088; see also 40 CFR 81.339.
    On March 6, 2015, EPA announced its revocation of the 1997 8-hour 
ozone NAAQS for all purposes and for all areas in the country, 
effective on April 6, 2015. 80 FR 12264. EPA has determined that 
certain nonattainment planning requirements continue to be in effect 
under the revoked standard for nonattainment areas under the 1997 8-
hour ozone NAAQS, including RACT.

B. RACT Requirements for Ozone

    The CAA regulates emissions of NOX and VOC to prevent 
photochemical reactions that result in ozone formation. RACT is an 
important strategy for reducing NOX and VOC emissions from 
major stationary sources within areas not meeting the ozone NAAQS.
    Areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS are subject to 
the general nonattainment planning requirements of CAA section 172. 
Section 172(c)(1) of the CAA provides that SIPs for nonattainment areas 
must include reasonably available control measures (RACM) for 
demonstrating attainment of all NAAQS, including emissions reductions 
from existing sources through the adoption of RACT. Further, section 
182(b)(2) of the CAA sets forth additional RACT requirements for ozone 
nonattainment areas classified as moderate or higher.
    Section 182(b)(2) of the CAA sets forth requirements regarding RACT 
for the ozone NAAQS for VOC sources. Section 182(f) subjects major 
stationary sources of NOX to the same RACT requirements 
applicable to major stationary sources of VOC.\1\
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    \1\ A ``major source'' is defined based on the source's 
potential to emit (PTE) of NOX or VOC, and the applicable 
thresholds for RACT differs based on the classification of the 
nonattainment area in which the source is located. See sections 
182(c)-(f) and 302 of the CAA.
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    Section 184(b)(1)(B) of the CAA applies the RACT requirements in 
section 182(b)(2) to nonattainment areas classified as marginal and to 
attainment areas located within ozone transport regions established 
pursuant to section 184 of the CAA. Section 184(a) of the CAA 
established by law the current Ozone Transport Region (OTR) comprised 
of 12 eastern states, including Pennsylvania. This requirement is 
referred to as OTR RACT. As noted previously, a ``major source'' is 
defined based on the source's PTE of NOX, VOC, or both 
pollutants, and the applicable thresholds differ based on the 
classification of the nonattainment area in which the source is 
located. See sections 182(c)-(f) and 302 of the CAA.
    Since the 1970's, EPA has consistently defined ``RACT'' as the 
lowest emission limit that a particular source is capable of meeting by 
the application of the control technology that is reasonably available 
considering technological and economic feasibility.\2\
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    \2\ See December 9, 1976 memorandum from Roger Strelow, 
Assistant Administrator for Air and Waste Management, to Regional 
Administrators, ``Guidance for Determining Acceptability of SIP 
Regulations in Non-Attainment Areas,'' and also 44 FR 53762 
(September 17, 1979).
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    EPA has provided more substantive RACT requirements through 
implementation rules for each ozone NAAQS as well as through guidance. 
In 2004 and 2005, EPA promulgated an implementation rule for the 1997 
8-hour ozone NAAQS in two phases (``Phase 1 of the 1997 Ozone 
Implementation Rule'' and ``Phase 2 of the 1997 Ozone Implementation 
Rule''). 69 FR 23951 (April 30, 2004) and 70 FR 71612 (November 29, 
2005), respectively. Particularly, the Phase 2 Ozone Implementation 
Rule addressed RACT statutory requirements under the 1997 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS. See 70 FR 71652
    On March 6, 2015, EPA issued its final rule for implementing the 
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS (``the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule''). 80 
FR 12264. At the same time, EPA revoked the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, 
effective on April 6, 2015.\3\ The 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule 
provided comprehensive requirements to transition from the revoked 1997 
8-hour ozone NAAQS to the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS, as codified in 40 
CFR part 51, subpart AA, following revocation. Consistent with previous 
policy, EPA determined that areas designated nonattainment for both the 
1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS at the time of revocation, must retain 
implementation of certain nonattainment area requirements (i.e., anti-
backsliding requirements) for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS as specified 
under section 182 of the CAA, including RACT. See 40 CFR 51.1100(o). An 
area remains subject to the anti-backsliding requirements for a revoked 
NAAQS until EPA approves a redesignation to attainment for the area for 
the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. There are no effects on applicable 
requirements for areas within the OTR, as a result of the revocation of 
the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Thus, Pennsylvania, as a state within the 
OTR, remains subject to RACT requirements for both the 1997 ozone NAAQS 
and the 2008 ozone NAAQS.
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    \3\ On February 16, 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for 
the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Cir. Court) issued an opinion 
on the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule. South Coast Air Quality 
Mgmt. Dist. v. EPA, No. 15-1115 (D.C. Cir. Feb. 16, 2018). The D.C. 
Cir. Court found certain parts reasonable and denied the petition 
for appeal on those. In particular, the D.C. Cir. Court upheld the 
use of NOX averaging to meet RACT requirements for 2008 
ozone NAAQS. However, the Court also found certain other provisions 
unreasonable. The D.C. Cir. Court vacated the provisions it found 
unreasonable.
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    In addressing RACT, the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule is 
consistent with existing policy and Phase 2 of the 1997 Ozone 
Implementation Rule. In the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule, EPA 
requires RACT measures to be implemented by January 1, 2017 for areas 
classified as moderate nonattainment or above and all areas of the OTR. 
EPA also provided in the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule that RACT 
SIPs must contain adopted RACT regulations, certifications where 
appropriate that existing provisions are RACT, and/or negative 
declarations stating that there are no sources in the nonattainment 
area covered by a specific control technique guidelines (CTG) source 
category. In the preamble to the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule, EPA 
clarified that states must provide notice and opportunity for public 
comment on their RACT SIP submissions, even when submitting a 
certification that the existing provisions remain RACT or a negative 
declaration. States must submit appropriate supporting information for 
their RACT submissions, in accordance with the Phase 2 of the 1997 
Ozone Implementation Rule. Adequate documentation must support that 
states have considered control technology that is economically and 
technologically feasible in determining RACT, based on information that 
is current as of the time of development of the RACT SIP.
    In addition, in the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule, EPA clarified 
that states can use weighted average NOX

[[Page 37170]]

emissions rates from sources in the nonattainment area for meeting the 
major NOX RACT requirement under the CAA, as consistent with 
existing policy.\4\ EPA also recognized that states may conclude in 
some cases that sources already addressed by RACT determinations for 
the 1-hour and/or 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS may not need to implement 
additional controls to meet the 2008 ozone NAAQS RACT requirement. See 
80 FR 12278-12279.
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    \4\ [thinsp]EPA's NOX RACT guidance ``Nitrogen Oxides 
Supplement to the General Preamble'' (57 FR 55625; November 25, 
1992) encouraged states to develop RACT programs that are based on 
``area wide average emission rates.'' Additional guidance on area-
wide RACT provisions is provided by EPA's January 2001 economic 
incentive program guidance titled ``Improving Air Quality with 
Economic Incentive Programs,'' available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/memoranda/eipfin.pdf. In addition, as mentioned previously, 
the D.C. Cir. Court recently upheld the use of NOX 
averaging to meet RACT requirements for 2008 ozone NAAQS. South 
Coast Air Quality Mgmt. Dist. v. EPA, No. 15-1115 (D.C. Cir. Feb. 
16, 2018).
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C. Applicability of RACT Requirements in Pennsylvania

    As indicated earlier, RACT requirements apply to any ozone 
nonattainment areas classified as moderate or higher (serious, severe 
or extreme) under CAA sections 182(b)(2) and 182(f). Pennsylvania has 
outstanding ozone RACT requirements for both the 1997 and 2008 8-hour 
ozone NAAQS. The entire Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is part of the OTR 
established under section 184 of the CAA and thus is subject statewide 
to the RACT requirements of CAA sections 182(b)(2) and 182(f), pursuant 
to section 184(b).
    At the time of revocation of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS (effective 
April 6, 2015), only two moderate nonattainment areas remained in the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for this standard, the Philadelphia and 
the Pittsburgh Areas. As required under EPA's anti-backsliding 
provisions, these two moderate nonattainment areas continue to be 
subject to RACT under the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Given its location 
in the OTR, the remainder of the Commonwealth is also treated as 
moderate nonattainment area under the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for any 
planning requirements under the revoked standard, including RACT. The 
OTR RACT requirement is also in effect under the 2008 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS throughout the Commonwealth, since EPA did not designate any 
nonattainment areas above marginal for this standard in Pennsylvania. 
Thus, in practice, the same RACT requirements continue to be applicable 
in Pennsylvania for both the 1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. RACT 
must be evaluated and satisfied as separate requirements under each 
applicable standard.
    RACT applies to major sources of NOX and VOC under each 
ozone NAAQS or any VOC sources subject to CTG RACT. Which 
NOX and VOC sources in Pennsylvania are considered ``major'' 
and are therefore subject to RACT is dependent on the location of each 
source within the Commonwealth. Sources located in nonattainment areas 
would be subject to the ``major source'' definitions established under 
the CAA. In the case of Pennsylvania, sources located in any areas 
outside of moderate or above nonattainment areas, as part of the OTR, 
shall be treated as if these areas were moderate.
    In Pennsylvania, the SIP program is implemented primarily by the 
PADEP, but also by local air agencies in Philadelphia County (the City 
of Philadelphia's Air Management Services [AMS]) and Allegheny County, 
(the Allegheny County Health Department [ACHD]). These agencies have 
implemented numerous RACT regulations and source-specific measures in 
Pennsylvania to meet the applicable ozone RACT requirements. 
Historically, statewide RACT controls have been promulgated by PADEP in 
Pennsylvania Code Title 25--Environmental Resources, Part I--Department 
of Environmental Protection, Subpart C--Protection of Natural 
Resources, Article III--Air Resources, (25 Pa. Code) Chapter 129. AMS 
and ACHD have incorporated by reference Pennsylvania regulations, but 
have also promulgated regulations adopting RACT controls for their own 
jurisdictions. In addition, AMS and ACHD have submitted separate 
source-specific RACT determinations as SIP revisions for sources within 
their respective jurisdictions, which have been approved by EPA. See 40 
CFR 52.2020(d)(1).
    States were required to make RACT SIP submissions for the 1997 8-
hour ozone NAAQS by September 15, 2006. PADEP submitted a SIP revision 
on September 25, 2006, certifying that a number of previously approved 
VOC RACT rules continued to satisfy RACT under the 1997 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS for the remainder of Pennsylvania.\5\ PADEP has met its 
obligations under the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for its CTG and non-CTG 
VOC sources. See 82 FR 31464 (July 7, 2017). RACT control measures 
addressing all applicable CAA RACT requirements under the 1997 8-hour 
ozone NAAQS have been implemented and fully approved in the 
jurisdictions of ACHD and AMS. See 78 FR 34584 (June 10, 2013) and 81 
FR 69687 (October 7, 2016). For the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS, states 
were required to submit RACT SIP revisions by July 20, 2014. On May 16, 
2016, PADEP submitted a SIP revision addressing RACT under both the 
1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS in Pennsylvania. Specifically, the May 
16, 2016 SIP submittal intends to satisfy sections 182(b)(2)(C), 
182(f), and 184 of the CAA for both the 1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS for Pennsylvania's major NOX and VOC non-CTG sources, 
except ethylene production plants, surface active agents manufacturing, 
and mobile equipment repair and refinishing.\6\
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    \5\ The September 15, 2006 SIP submittal initially included 
Pennsylvania's certification of NOX RACT regulations; 
however, NOX RACT portions were withdrawn by PADEP on 
June 27, 2016.
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D. EPA's Conditional Approval for Pennsylvania's RACT Requirements 
Under the 1997 and 2008 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS

    On May 16, 2016, PADEP submitted a SIP revision addressing RACT 
under both the 1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS in Pennsylvania. 
PADEP's May 16, 2016 SIP revision intended to address certain 
outstanding non-CTG VOC RACT, VOC CTG RACT, and major NOX 
RACT requirements under the CAA for both standards. The SIP revision 
requested approval of Pennsylvania's 25 Pa. Code 129.96-100, Additional 
RACT Requirements for Major Sources of NOX and VOCs (the 
``presumptive'' RACT II rule). Prior to the adoption of the RACT II 
rule, Pennsylvania relied on the NOX and VOC control 
measures in 25 Pa. Code 129.92-95, Stationary Sources of NOX 
and VOCs, (the RACT I rule) to meet RACT for non-CTG major VOC sources 
and major NOX sources. The requirements of the RACT I rule 
remain in effect and continue to be implemented as RACT.\7\ On 
September 26, 2017, PADEP submitted a supplemental SIP revision which 
committed to address various deficiencies identified by EPA in their 
May 16, 2016 ``presumptive'' RACT II rule SIP revision.
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    \7\ These requirements were initially approved as RACT for 
Pennsylvania under the 1-hour ozone NAAQS.
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    On May 9, 2019, EPA conditionally approved the RACT II rule based 
on PADEP's September 26, 2017 commitment letter. See 84 FR 20274. In 
EPA's final conditional approval, EPA noted that PADEP would be 
required to submit, for EPA's approval, SIP

[[Page 37171]]

revisions to address any facility-wide or system-wide averaging plan 
approved under 25 Pa. Code 129.98 and any case-by-case RACT 
determinations under 25 Pa. Code 129.99. PADEP committed to submitting 
these additional SIP revisions within 12 months of EPA's final 
conditional approval, specifically May 9, 2020.
    Therefore, as authorized in CAA section 110(k)(3) and (k)(4), 
Pennsylvania shall submit the following as case-by-case SIP revisions, 
by May 9, 2020, for EPA's approval as a condition of approval of 25 Pa. 
Code 128 and 129 in the May 16, 2016 SIP revision: (1) All facility-
wide or system-wide averaging plans approved by PADEP under 25 Pa. Code 
129.98 including, but not limited to, any terms and conditions that 
ensure the enforceability of the averaging plan as a practical matter 
(i.e., any monitoring, reporting, recordkeeping, or testing 
requirements); and (2) all source-specific RACT determinations approved 
by PADEP under 25 Pa. Code 129.99, including any alternative compliance 
schedules approved under 25 Pa. Code 129.97(k) and 129.99(i); the case-
by-case RACT determinations submitted to EPA for approval into the SIP 
should include any terms and conditions that ensure the enforceability 
of the case-by-case or source-specific RACT emission limitation as a 
practical matter (i.e., any monitoring, reporting, recordkeeping, or 
testing requirements). See May 9, 2019 (84 FR 20274).

II. Summary of SIP Revisions

    In order to satisfy a requirement from EPA's May 9, 2019 
conditional approval, PADEP has submitted to EPA, SIP revisions 
addressing case-by-case RACT requirements for major sources in 
Pennsylvania subject to 25 Pa. Code 129.99. As noted in Table 1, on 
multiple dates PADEP submitted to EPA, five separate SIP revisions 
pertaining to Pennsylvania's case-by-case NOX and/or VOC 
RACT determinations for 26 major sources located in the Commonwealth. 
PADEP provided documentation in its SIP revisions to support its case-
by-case RACT determinations for affected emission units at each major 
source subject to 25 Pa. Code 129.99. Specifically, in these SIP 
submittals, PADEP evaluated a total of 26 major NOX and/or 
VOC source in Pennsylvania for case-by-case RACT.\8\
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    \8\ As noted previously, EPA will only be proposing approval for 
21 of the 26 case-by-case RACT determinations submitted by PADEP in 
the applicable five SIP revisions. See Table 1 for information 
specific to each SIP revision.
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    In the Pennsylvania RACT SIP revisions, PADEP included a case-by-
case RACT determination for each of the existing emissions units at 
each of these major sources of NOX and/or VOC. In PADEP's 
RACT determinations an evaluation was completed to determine if 
previously SIP-approved, case-by-case RACT requirements (herein 
referred to as RACT I) were more stringent and required to be retained 
in the sources Title V air quality permit and subsequently, the 
Federally-approved SIP, or if the new case-by-case RACT requirements 
are more stringent and replace the previous Federally-approved 
provisions.
    In its five SIP submittals, PADEP identified, and EPA is taking 
action on 21 major sources of NOX and/or VOC in 
Pennsylvania, subject to Pennsylvania's case-by-case RACT requirements, 
as summarized in Table 2.

 Table 2--Twenty-One Major NOX and/or VOC Sources in Pennsylvania Subject to Case-by-Case RACT II Under the 1997
                                           and 2008 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  1-Hour ozone RACT      Major source pollutant (NOX and/      RACT II permit
   Major source  (county)         source? (RACT I)                   or VOC)                  (effective date)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exelon Generation--Fairless   Yes.....................  NOX..............................    09-00066 (01/27/17)
 Hills (Bucks).
The Boeing Co. (Delaware)...  Yes.....................  NOX and VOC......................    23-00009 (01/03/17)
Cherokee Pharmaceuticals,     Yes.....................  VOC..............................    49-00007 (04/24/17)
 LLC (Northumberland).
First Quality Tissue, LLC     No......................  VOC..............................    18-00030 (09/18/17)
 (Clinton).
JW Aluminum Company           No......................  VOC..............................    41-00013 (03/01/17)
 (Lycoming).
Transco--Salladasburg         Yes.....................  NOX and VOC......................    41-00001 (06/06/17)
 Station 520 (Lycoming).
Ward Manufacturing, LLC       No......................  VOC..............................    59-00004 (01/10/17)
 (Tioga).
Wood-Mode Inc. (Snyder).....  Yes.....................  VOC..............................    55-00005 (07/12/17)
Foam Fabricators Inc.         No......................  VOC..............................    19-00002 (12/20/17)
 (Columbia).
Resilite Sports Products      Yes.....................  VOC..............................    49-00004 (08/25/17)
 Inc. (Northumberland).
Sunoco Partners Marketing &   Yes.....................  NOX and VOC......................    23-00119 (01/20/17)
 Terminals (Delaware).
Texas Eastern--Bernville      Yes.....................  VOC..............................    06-05033 (03/16/18)
 (Berks).
Texas Eastern--Shermans Dale  Yes.....................  NOX..............................    50-05001 (03/26/18)
 (Perry).
Texas Eastern--Perulack       Yes.....................  NOX and VOC......................    34-05002 (03/27/18)
 (Juniata).
Texas Eastern--Grantville     Yes.....................  NOX..............................    22-05010 (03/16/18)
 (Dauphin).
NRG Energy Center Paxton,     Yes.....................  NOX..............................    22-05005 (03/16/18)
 LLC (Dauphin).
Texas Eastern--Bechtelsville  Yes.....................  NOX..............................    06-05034 (04/19/18)
 (Berks).
Containment Solutions/Mt.     Yes.....................  VOC..............................    31-05005 (07/10/18)
 Union Plant (Huntingdon).
Armstrong World Ind./         Yes.....................  VOC..............................    36-05001 (06/28/18)
 Marietta Ceiling Plant
 (Lancaster).
Jeraco Enterprises Inc.       Yes.....................  VOC..............................    49-00014 (01/26/18)
 (Northumberland).
Blommer Chocolate Company     No......................  VOC..............................    46-00198 (01/26/17)
 (Montgomery).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 37172]]

    The case-by-case RACT determinations submitted by PADEP consist of 
an evaluation of all reasonably available controls at the time of 
evaluation for each affected emissions unit, resulting in a PADEP 
determination of what specific control requirements, if any, satisfy 
RACT for that particular unit. The adoption of new or additional 
controls or the revisions to existing controls as RACT were specified 
as requirements in new or revised Federally enforceable permits 
(hereafter RACT permits) issued by PADEP to the source. The new or 
revised RACT permits have been submitted as part of the Pennsylvania 
RACT SIP revisions for EPA's approval in the Pennsylvania SIP under 40 
CFR 52.2020(d)(1) for which PADEP is revising or adopting additional 
source-specific controls, the revised RACT permits, once approved by 
EPA, will supersede those permits currently approved into the SIP. All 
new or revised RACT permits submitted by PADEP are listed in the last 
column of Table 2, along with the permit effective date.
    As part of the case-by-case RACT determinations, PADEP is also 
certifying for certain emissions units at major sources subject to 
case-by-case RACT determinations under the 1-hour ozone NAAQS, which 
are part of the Pennsylvania SIP at 40 CFR 52.2020(d)(1).

III. EPA's Evaluation of SIP Revisions

    After thorough review and evaluation of the information provided by 
PADEP in its five SIP revisions for 21 major sources of NOX 
and/or VOC in Pennsylvania, EPA finds that PADEP's case-by-case RACT 
determinations and conclusions provided are reasonable and 
appropriately considered technically and economically feasible controls 
while setting lowest achievable limits. EPA finds that the proposed 
source-specific RACT controls for the sources subject to this 
rulemaking action adequately meet the CAA RACT requirements for the 
1997 and 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the major sources of 
NOX and/or VOC in Pennsylvania, as they are not covered by 
Pennsylvania's presumptive RACT regulation.
    EPA also finds that all the proposed revisions to previously SIP 
approved RACT requirements, under the 1-hour ozone standard (RACT I), 
as discussed in PADEP's SIP revisions will result in equivalent or 
additional reductions of NOX and/or VOC emissions and should 
not interfere with any applicable requirement concerning attainment or 
reasonable further progress with the NAAQS or interfered with other 
applicable CAA requirement in section 110(l) of the CAA.
    In the case of PADEP's removal of RACT I requirements from the SIP 
that are no longer applicable, as the sources have been permanently 
removed, EPA finds these SIP revisions to also be adequate and will not 
have any adverse impact on air quality. EPA's complete analysis of 
PADEP's case-by-case RACT SIP revisions is included in the TSD 
available in the docket for this rulemaking action and available online 
at https://www.regulations.gov, Docket number EPA-R03-OAR-2017-0290.

IV. Proposed Action

    Based on EPA's review, EPA is proposing to approve the Pennsylvania 
SIP revisions for the 21 case-by-case RACT facilities listed in Table 
2. EPA is soliciting public comments on the issues discussed in this 
document. These comments will be considered before taking final action. 
As EPA views each facility as a separable SIP revision, should EPA 
receive comment on one facility but not others, EPA may take separate, 
final action on the remaining facilities.

IV. Incorporation by Reference

    In this document, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule 
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance 
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is proposing to incorporate by 
reference the permits described in Section II--Summary of SIP Revisions 
and EPA Analysis. EPA has made, and will continue to make, these 
materials generally available through https://www.regulations.gov and 
at the EPA Region III Office (please contact the person identified in 
the For Further Information Contact section of this preamble for more 
information).

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable 
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and 
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state 
law. For that reason, this proposed action:
     Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 
2011);
     Is not an Executive Order 13771 (82 FR 9339, February 2, 
2017) regulatory action because SIP approvals are exempted under 
Executive Order 12866.
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have Federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and
     Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, this proposed rule, addressing the NOX and 
VOC RACT requirements for 21 case-by-case facilities for the 1997 and 
2008 ozone NAAQS (Part 1), does not have tribal implications as 
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), 
because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in 
the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct 
costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Volatile organic compounds.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.


[[Page 37173]]


    Dated: July 23, 2019.
Diana Esher,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2019-16330 Filed 7-30-19; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


