
[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 214 (Friday, November 4, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 68381-68385]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-28653]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R03-OAR-2011-0605; FRL-9487-2]


Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; 
Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve a State Implementation Plan (SIP) 
revision submitted by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. This SIP 
revision contains Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program, which adopts 
California's second generation low emission vehicle program for light-
duty vehicles (LEV II). The Clean Air Act (CAA) contains specific 
authority allowing any state to adopt new motor vehicle emissions 
standards that are identical to California's standards in lieu of 
applicable Federal standards. Pennsylvania has adopted a Clean Vehicle 
Program that incorporates by reference provisions of California's LEV 
II rules and specifies a transition mechanism for compliance with these 
clean vehicle standards in Pennsylvania. The intended effect of this 
action is to approve, consistent with the CAA, a control strategy that 
will help Pennsylvania to achieve and maintain attainment of the 
National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone.

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before December 5, 2011.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID Number EPA-
R03-OAR-2011-0605 by one of the following methods:
    A. http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for 
submitting comments.
    B. Email: fernandez.cristina@epa.gov.
    C. Mail: EPA-R03-OAR-2011-0605, Cristina Fernandez, Associate 
Director, Office of Air Program Planning, Mailcode 3AP30, U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
    D. Hand Delivery: At the previously-listed EPA Region III address. 
Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of 
operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of 
boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R03-OAR-
2011-0605. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change, and may be made available online 
at http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you 
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through http://www.regulations.gov or email. The http://www.regulations.gov Web site 
is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your 
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of 
your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without 
going through http://www.regulations.gov, your email address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is 
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you 
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name 
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any 
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to 
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA 
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid 
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of 
any defects or viruses.
    Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the 
http://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.

[[Page 68382]]

Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on 
the Internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy during normal business 
hours at the Air Protection Division, U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. 
Copies of the State submittal are available at the Pennsylvania 
Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Air Quality Control, 
P.O. Box 8468, 400 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17105.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Brian Rehn, (215) 814-2176, or by 
email at rehn.brian@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA. On May 31, 2007, the 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania submitted a revision to its SIP for the 
Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program.

Table of Contents

I. Description of Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program SIP Revision
    A. Pennsylvania and the Ozone NAAQS
    B. Background on Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program
    1. Pennsylvania's 1998 Clean Vehicle Program Rule and National 
Low Emission Vehicle (NLEV) Opt-In SIP Revision
    2. Pennsylvania's 2007 Clean Vehicle Program SIP Revision
    C. What are the relevant EPA and CAA requirements?
    D. What is the California LEV II program and how does it relate 
to Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program?
    1. California's Low Emission Vehicle Program
    2. California and Federal Greenhouse Gas Standards
    E. What is the history and current content of the Pennsylvania 
Clean Vehicle Program?
II. Proposed EPA Action
III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Description of Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program SIP Revision

A. Pennsylvania and the Ozone NAAQS

    Under the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990, Pennsylvania had 
thirty-three counties designated nonattainment under the former 1-hour 
ozone NAAQS. These thirty-three counties were divided into twenty-four 
separate nonattainment areas, with ozone attainment deadlines varying 
by area. There were twelve additional Pennsylvania counties that were 
designated nonattainment, but that had incomplete monitoring data to 
classify them under the former 1-hour ozone standard. Of the twenty-
four 1-hour ozone NAAQS nonattainment areas (with classifications 
ranging from marginal to severe-15), two were redesignated to 
attainment prior to the revocation of the 1-hour ozone standard on June 
15, 2005, per 40 CFR 50.9(b).
    On June 15, 2004, thirty-seven counties in Pennsylvania were 
designated nonattainment with respect to the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, 
and classified as part of seventeen separate nonattainment areas. Of 
these, all but two of these areas have been redesignated to attainment 
and are currently maintenance areas. The exceptions are the Pittsburgh 
and the multi-state Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-MD-DE 
nonattainment areas, which continue to be nonattainment.

B. Background on Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program

1. Pennsylvania's 1998 Clean Vehicle Program Rule and NLEV Opt-In SIP 
Revision
    The Commonwealth adopted emissions control measures to address the 
ozone NAAQS, one of which was the NLEV program. The NLEV program was a 
voluntary framework agreement between EPA, vehicle manufacturers, and 
the states. In 1998, EPA adopted an NLEV rule to formalize this 
agreement whereby vehicle manufacturers would comply with a 49-state 
standard that was more stringent than the federal motor vehicle 
standards that were in effect at that time (referred to as the Tier 1 
standards). NLEV took effect only after all auto manufacturers and a 
sufficient number of states opted to participate, upon which time EPA 
issued a finding that the NLEV program was in effect on March 2, 1998 
(63 FR 11374).
    Pennsylvania, and eight other Northeast Ozone Transport Commission 
(OTC) states that opted to participate in the NLEV program, 
subsequently formalized their participation in the NLEV program by 
submitting NLEV program ``opt-in'' SIPs to EPA.
    Pennsylvania adopted the NLEV program as part of its Clean Vehicle 
Program rule on December 5, 1998 (28 Pa.B. 5873). Under Pennsylvania's 
December 1998 Clean Vehicle Program rule, the Commonwealth adopted 
California's Low Emission Vehicle Program (California LEV) under the 
authority of section 177 of the CAA. This CAA provision allows states 
to adopt vehicle emissions standards identical to California's, 
provided EPA has granted California a waiver for those standards and 
that the state adopting California's standards provides at least two 
years lead time before the model year the standards take effect. 
Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program rule incorporated by reference 
California's first generation Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) program, but 
allowed NLEV to serve as a compliance alternative to the California LEV 
program.
    Pennsylvania's December 1998 Clean Vehicle Program rule 
incorporated by reference California's first generation LEV standards 
(adopted by California in 1991, and also known as LEV I standards) for 
passenger cars and light trucks, but did not incorporate by reference 
California's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) provisions or emissions 
control warranty systems statement provisions.
    Pennsylvania submitted its Clean Vehicle Program (adopted in 1998) 
as an NLEV opt-in SIP submitted to EPA on January 8, 1999. EPA had 
granted a Federal preemption waiver to California for its LEV I 
standards on January 13, 1993 (58 FR 4166). EPA issued a direct final 
rule to approve that Pennsylvania Clean Vehicle Program SIP revision on 
December 28, 1999 (64 FR 72564).
    The NLEV program, under the framework established in EPA's NLEV 
final rule, extended until model year 2006, unless EPA issued more 
stringent federal standards under the CAA. Since EPA issued more 
stringent Tier 2 Federal vehicle emission standards on February 10, 
2000 (65 FR 6698), which were in effect beginning with the 2004 model 
year. Per the NLEV framework, Federal Tier 2 standards superseded NLEV 
standards in model year 2004--for those states that had not opted into 
the California LEV program under the authority of section 177 of the 
CAA. California also revised its LEV Program rules in 1996, with a 
second generation program referred to as LEV II, effective on model 
year 2004 and newer California cars. EPA granted a Federal preemption 
waiver for California's LEV II program on April 22, 2003 (68 FR 19811).
2. Pennsylvania's 2007 Clean Vehicle Program SIP Revision
    Pennsylvania adopted its revised Clean Vehicles Program rule and 
published it as a final rule in December 9, 2006 edition of the 
Pennsylvania Bulletin (36 Pa.B. 7424).
    On May 31, 2007, Pennsylvania submitted a SIP revision to EPA 
seeking Federal approval of its revised Clean Vehicle Program.
    Pennsylvania's revised Clean Vehicle Program rule was meant to 
formalize the cessation of the NLEV program, to delay

[[Page 68383]]

the start date for the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicle Program from model 
year 2006 to model year 2008, to make changes to the Clean Vehicle 
Program to reflect post-1998 changes made by California to their 
program (since Pennsylvania first adopted California's LEV program by 
reference), and to specify a 3-year early credit earning period within 
which vehicle manufacturers could comply with the program's fleet 
average non-methane organic gases (NMOG) requirements.
    Specifically, Pennsylvania's revised Clean Vehicle Program final 
rule made the following changes:
    (a) Amended section 126.412(a) to postpone the date by which 
subject Pennsylvania vehicles must comply with the California Air 
Resources Board (CARB) certification to model year 2008);
    (b) Amended section 126.412(b) to change the first model year for 
which compliance by manufacturers with the NMOG fleetwide average is 
required to model year 2008;
    (c) Removed reference in section 126.412(d) to continue the 
exclusion of the California ZEV program from the prior Pennsylvania 
Clean Vehicles Program, since CARB moved those ZEV provisions from the 
section of California's rule previously referenced therein;
    (d) Deleted provisions in chapter 126 related to the cessation of 
the NLEV program;
    (e) Added and removed several definitions in chapter 121 to 
reference the California LEV program rather than the NLEV program, due 
to cessation of the NLEV program;
    (f) Revised section 126.411(a) to include vehicles titled in the 
Commonwealth, rather than those offered for sale, lease, import, 
rented, delivered, purchased, acquired, or registered in the 
Commonwealth.
    (g) Revised section 126.411 to update cross-references to reflect 
changes made by California to its LEV rule with respect to California's 
ZEV program, in order to continue to exclude California's ZEV program 
from Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program;
    (h) Revised section 126.412(d) to specify a 3-year early-credit 
earning period (between model year 2008 to 2010) within which 
manufacturers were to comply with the NMOG fleet average;
    (i) Revised section 126.413(a)(2) to allow a vehicle dealer to 
transfer a non-CARB certified new vehicle as long as the vehicle will 
not ultimately be sold in Pennsylvania as a new vehicle;
    (j) Revised section 126.413(a)(6) to add clarification language 
regarding applicability (in accordance with the rules of the 
International Registration Plan) to vehicles ``held for daily lease or 
rental to the general public which are registered and principally 
operated outside the Commonwealth;''
    (k) Revised section 126.413(a)(11) to conform the model year cutoff 
for compliance with the program to the model year 2008 program start 
date for CARB certification and NMOG fleet average requirements;
    (l) Added paragraph 13 to section 126.413(a) to exempt vehicles 
transferred for the purpose of salvage, to allow salvage operations in 
Pennsylvania to accept salvaged new motor vehicles that do not have 
CARB certification;
    (m) Revised section 126.413(b) to require a person seeking to title 
or register an exempted vehicle to provide satisfactory evidence that 
the exemption is applicable;
    (n) Revised sections 126.421(b), 126.422(b), 126.423(b), 
126.424(b), and 126.425(b), with respect to new motor vehicle testing 
provisions, to require vehicle manufacturers to provide CARB testing 
determinations and findings to the Pennsylvania Department of 
Environmental Protection (PA DEP) upon request;
    (o) Revised section 126.431(b) to allow a vehicle manufacturer to 
submit to the PA DEP (when requested in writing) copies of the reports 
the manufacturer submitted to CARB for purposes of compliance with 
respect to this subsection of Pennsylvania's rule;
    (p) Added paragraph (c) to section 126.431 to clarify that any 
voluntary or influenced emissions-related recall campaign initiated by 
a vehicle manufacturer under California's LEV program shall extend to 
vehicles covered by the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicle Program, except 
where the manufacturer demonstrates to the satisfaction of PA DEP in 
writing (within 30 days of CARB's approval of the campaign) that said 
campaign is not applicable to vehicles sold in Pennsylvania;
    (q) Added paragraph (d) to section 126.432 providing that recalls 
prompted by a CARB order or an enforcement action taken by CARB to 
correct noncompliance by a vehicle manufacturer shall extend to 
vehicles covered by the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program, except 
where the manufacturer demonstrates to the satisfaction of PA DEP in 
writing (within 30 days of CARB's approval of the campaign) that said 
campaign is not applicable to vehicles sold in Pennsylvania;
    (r) Revised section 126.432(a), changing the start date (to model 
year 2008) when each vehicle manufacturer must begin to submit to the 
PA DEP an annual report on vehicle deliveries of each ``test group'' 
for the latest model year;
    (s) Revised section 126.441 restating the prohibition on new 
vehicle dealers from selling, offering for sale or lease, or delivering 
a vehicle subject to Pennsylvania's program unless it has received the 
requisite CARB certification; and
    (t) Added section 126.451 requiring the PA DEP to monitor CARB 
rulemaking actions on the California LEV program, to submit comments on 
such CARB rulemakings, and to apprise the Pennsylvania Environmental 
Quality Board of proposed changes to California's LEV program.

C. What are the relevant EPA and CAA requirements?

    Section 209(a) of the CAA prohibits states from adopting or 
enforcing standards relating to the control of emissions from new motor 
vehicles or new motor vehicle engines. However, under section 209(b) of 
the CAA, EPA may grant a waiver of the section 209(a) prohibition to 
any state that adopted its own vehicle emission standards prior to 
March 30, 1966. As California is the only state to meet this test, 
California is thereby granted authority under this section to adopt its 
own motor vehicle emissions standards. Section 209(b) of the CAA 
requires California to show that its newly adopted standards will be 
``* * * in the aggregate, at least as protective of public health and 
welfare as applicable Federal standards. * * *'' Section 209(b) further 
provides that EPA will grant a waiver to California for such standards 
unless it finds that: (1) The State's determination is ``arbitrary and 
capricious,'' (2) the State ``does not need such State standards to 
meet compelling and extraordinary conditions,'' or (3) the State's 
standards and accompanying enforcement procedures are ``not 
consistent'' with CAA section 202(a).
    Section 177 of the CAA allows other states to adopt and enforce 
California's standards relating to the control of emissions from new 
motor vehicles, provided that, among other things, such state standards 
are identical to the California standards for which a waiver has been 
granted under CAA section 209(b). In addition, section 177 of the CAA 
requires that a state choosing to adopt California standards must do so 
at least two years prior to the commencement of the model year to which 
the standards will apply. Pennsylvania has met the requirements of 
section 177.

[[Page 68384]]

D. What is the California LEV II program and how does it relate to 
Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program?

1. California's Low Emission Vehicle Program
    CARB adopted the first generation LEV I regulations in 1990, which 
were effective through the 2003 model year. CARB adopted California's 
second generation LEV II regulations in August 1999. On February 10, 
2000, EPA adopted its Tier 2 Federal motor vehicle standards rule (65 
FR 6698). In December 2000, CARB modified the LEV II program to take 
advantage of some elements of the Federal Tier 2 regulations to ensure 
that only the cleanest vehicle models would continue to be sold in 
California. EPA granted California a waiver for its LEV II program on 
April 22, 2003 (68 FR 19811).
    In 2006, CARB adopted technical amendments to its LEV II program 
that amend the evaporative emission test procedures, onboard refueling 
vapor recovery and spitback test procedures, exhaust emission test 
procedures, and vehicle emission control label requirements. These 
technical amendments align each of California's test procedures and 
label requirements with its Federal counterpart, in an effort to 
streamline and harmonize the California and Federal programs and to 
reduce manufacturer testing burdens and increase in-use compliance. On 
July 30, 2010, EPA published a notice in the Federal Register 
confirming that CARB's 2006 technical amendments are within-the-scope 
of existing waivers of preemption for CARB's LEV II program.
    Under California's LEV II program, each vehicle manufacturer must 
show that their overall fleet for a given model year meets the 
specified phase-in requirements according to the fleet average non-
methane hydrocarbon requirement for that year. The fleet average non-
methane hydrocarbon emission limits become progressively lower each 
model year. The LEV II program requires auto manufactures to include a 
``smog index'' label on each vehicle sold, which is intended to inform 
consumers about the amount of pollution coming from that vehicle 
relative to other vehicles.
    In addition to the LEV II requirements, California requires that 
minimum percentages of passenger cars and the lightest light-duty 
trucks marketed in California by a large or intermediate volume 
manufacturer to be ZEVs, referred to as a ZEV mandate. Pennsylvania did 
not incorporate California's ZEV provisions into the Pennsylvania Clean 
Vehicle Program.
    EPA concluded in its OTC LEV Program for the Northeast Transport 
Region final rule, published in the January 24, 1995 Federal Register 
(60 FR 4712), that states adopting a CAA section 177 program need not 
adopt California's ZEV requirements to comply with the CAA requirements 
under section 177 for identical standards. Section 177 of the CAA does 
not require adoption of all California LEV program standards. However, 
if a state adopts California vehicle standards, those standards must be 
identical to California standards for which California has been granted 
a waiver of preemption by EPA.
2. California and Federal Greenhouse Gas Standards
    On October 15, 2005, California amended its rules to add regulatory 
provisions for greenhouse gas related emissions from new cars and 
trucks. Specifically, California's greenhouse gas standards require 
manufacturers to comply with fleet average emission standards for 
emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, 
hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride on new 
passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles 
sold in California. California approved regulations to reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles in September 2004, 
effective beginning with model year 2009. CARB adopted a new approach, 
combining for the first time the control of smog-causing pollutants and 
greenhouse gas emissions into a single coordinated package of 
standards. After initially denying California's request for a waiver of 
CAA preemption, EPA later granted California the authority to implement 
greenhouse gas emission reduction standards in a waiver published in 
the July 8, 2009 edition of the Federal Register (74 FR 32744).
    EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) 
subsequently issued a joint final rule in the May 7, 2010 Federal 
Register (75 FR 25324) establishing a national program for greenhouse 
gas standards and improved fuel economy for model year 2012 to 2016 
light-duty vehicles, coupled with improved fuel economy. This joint 
rule stemmed from a National Fuel Economy Policy announced by President 
Obama on May 19, 2009. The joint rule represents a harmonized approach, 
allowing automobile manufacturers to build a single light-duty national 
fleet.
    On September 24, 2009, CARB adopted amendments to its passenger 
vehicles greenhouse gas standards (for model year 2009 through 2016 
vehicles) to harmonize Federal and California greenhouse gas rules and 
to provide vehicle manufacturers with new compliance flexibility. CARB 
will now also allow California and other states that have adopted 
California's greenhouse gas standard to pool car sales for purposes of 
compliance, rather than on a state-by-state basis for compliance. This 
was the final step in an agreement between the EPA and NHTSA, 
California, and the automobile manufacturers, fulfilling President 
Obama's May 19, 2009 announcement.
    Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program rule adopts by reference 
CARB's greenhouse light-duty vehicle emissions standard provisions set 
forth in Title 13 California Code of Regulations (CCR), Division 3, 
Chapter 1. Under Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Rule, a manufacturer or 
dealer is deemed compliant if a vehicle offered for sale in 
Pennsylvania is CARB-certified and is properly labeled as such.

E. What is the history and current content of the Pennsylvania Clean 
Vehicle Program?

    On December 5, 1998 (28 Pa.B. 5873), Pennsylvania adopted the 
Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program, which incorporated California's 
LEV program by reference. The December 1998 rule adopted NLEV as a 
compliance alternative to the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program (for 
the duration of the NLEV program).
    The NLEV program was a voluntary agreement between EPA, vehicle 
manufacturers, and the states to introduce vehicles that met emission 
standards that were more stringent than the Federal Tier 1 standards in 
effect at the time. The NLEV program only took effect after all auto 
manufacturers and a sufficient number of states voluntarily ``opted-
in'' to the program. Once the opt-ins were complete, EPA made a NLEV 
in-effect finding on March 2, 1998 (63 FR 11374). Participating 
Northeast states then submitted SIP revisions to ensure continuation of 
the program. Pennsylvania submitted its NLEV SIP revision on January 8, 
1999. EPA issued a direct final rule to approve Pennsylvania's NLEV 
program (with the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program as a backstop to 
NLEV) on December 28, 1999 (64 FR 72564).
    On December 9, 2006, Pennsylvania amended its Clean Vehicles 
Program to be identical to update its rule to reflect California's LEV 
II program; to postpone compliance with California LEV II provisions of 
the rule from model year 2006 to model year 2008; to make 
clarifications and updates to

[[Page 68385]]

Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicles Program; and to specify a transition 
mechanism to the California LEV provisions. Pennsylvania has adopted 
California's LEV II program by incorporating by reference portions of 
the California LEV II regulations (i.e., Title 13 California Code of 
Regulations, Division 3, Chapters 1 and 2) into the Pennsylvania Code.
    Pennsylvania submitted a SIP revision to EPA requesting that EPA 
approve Pennsylvania's Clean Vehicle Program regulations as part of the 
Pennsylvania SIP. EPA's approval would make the program Federally 
enforceable through the SIP.

II. Proposed EPA Action

    EPA is proposing to approve the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicle Program 
SIP revision, which was submitted on May 31, 2007. EPA is soliciting 
public comments on the issues discussed in this document. These 
comments will be considered before taking final action.

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable 
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR section 52.02(a). Thus, 
in reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by state law. For that reason, this proposed action:
     Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and
     Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, this proposed rule to approve the Pennsylvania Clean 
Vehicle Program as part of the Pennsylvania SIP does not have Tribal 
implications as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, 
November 9, 2000), because the SIP is not approved to apply in Indian 
country located in the state, and EPA notes that it will not impose 
substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt Tribal law.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds.

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: October 25, 2011.
W.C. Early,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region III.
[FR Doc. 2011-28653 Filed 11-3-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


