STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 36

CONTROL OF EMISSIONS 

FROM ORGANIC SOLVENT CLEANING 

Effective 8 April 1996

Last Amended   19 July 2007

AUTHORITY:	These regulations are authorized pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws
§ 42-17.1-2(s) and 23-23, as amended, and have been promulgated
pursuant to the procedures set forth in the R.I. Administrative
Procedures Act, R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 42-35.

RHODE ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 36

CONTROL OF EMISSIONS 

FROM ORGANIC SOLVENT CLEANING 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u    HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796116"  36.1
Definitions	  PAGEREF _Toc168796116 \h  1  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796117"  36.2	Applicability	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796117 \h  4  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796118"  36.3	Compliance Schedule	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796118 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796119"  36.4	General Requirements	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796119 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796120"  36.5	Requirements for Batch Cold
Cleaning Operations	  PAGEREF _Toc168796120 \h  6  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796121"  36.6	Requirements for Batch Vapor
Cleaning Operations With Solvent/Air Interfaces	  PAGEREF _Toc168796121
\h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796122"  36.7	Requirements for In-line Cleaning
Operations	  PAGEREF _Toc168796122 \h  10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796123"  36.8	Requirements for Batch Vapor
Cleaning Operations Without Solvent/Air Interfaces	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796123 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796124"  36.9	Compliance Specifications and
Monitoring Requirements	  PAGEREF _Toc168796124 \h  14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796125"  36.10	Recordkeeping	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796125 \h  17  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796126"  36.11	Reporting Requirements	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796126 \h  18  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796127"  36.12	Exemption from Automated Parts
Handling System Requirement	  PAGEREF _Toc168796127 \h  23  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796128"  36.13	General Provisions	  PAGEREF
_Toc168796128 \h  25  

	  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796129"  Appendix A	  PAGEREF _Toc168796129 \h 
27  

	  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc168796130"  Answers	  PAGEREF _Toc168796130 \h  30 


 RHODE ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 36

CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM ORGANIC SOLVENT CLEANING

36.	Control of Emissions from Organic Solvent Cleaning

	36.1	Definitions 

	Unless otherwise expressly defined in this section, the terms used in
this regulation shall be defined by reference to the Rhode Island Air
Pollution Control General Definitions Regulation. As used in this
regulation, the following terms shall, where the context permits, be
construed as follows:

	36.1.1		"Air Blanket" means the layer of air inside a solvent cleaning
machine above the solvent/air interface.  The centroid of the air
blanket is equidistant from the sides of the machine.

36.1.2		"Automated Parts Handling System" means a mechanical device that
carries all parts and parts baskets through the cleaning cycle at a
controlled speed from the initial loading of contaminated or wet
partscold cleanivng through the removal of the cleaned or dried parts. 
Automated parts handling systems include, but are not limited to, hoists
and conveyors.

	36.1.3		"Batch Cleaning" means the process in which individual parts or
a set of parts move through an entire cleaning cycle before new parts
are introduced into the solvent cleaning machine.

		36.1.4		"Carbon Adsorber" means a bed of activated carbon which
adsorbs solvent from an air-solvent gas-vapor stream.

	36.1.5		"Clean Liquid Solvent" means fresh unused solvent, recycled
solvent, or used solvent that has been cleaned of contaminants (e.g.,
skimmed of oils or sludge and strained of metal chips).

		36.1.6		"Cleaning Capacity" means, for a cleaning machine without a
solvent/air interface, the maximum volume of parts that can be cleaned
at one time.  In most cases, the cleaning capacity is equal to the
volume (length times width times height) of the cleaning chamber.

		36.1.7		"Cold Cleaning" means an organic solvent cleaning process
which cleans and removes contaminants or water from surfaces by
spraying, brushing, flushing, immersing, or drying parts.  Cleaning
machines that use heated, nonboiling solvent to clean the parts are
classified as cold cleaning machines.  Wipe cleaning is not included in
this definition. 

		36.1.8		"Dwell" means the technique of holding parts within the
freeboard zone but above the vapor zone of the solvent cleaning machine.
 Dwell is used after cleaning to allow solvent to drain from parts or
parts baskets back into the solvent cleaning machine.

		36.1.9		"Dwell Time" is the amount of time that a part dwells in the
freeboard zone of the solvent cleaning machine.

		36.1.10	"Emission" means the release or discharge, directly or
indirectly, of one or more air pollutants into the air.

		36.1.11	"Freeboard Height" means; for a batch cleaning machine, the
distance from the solvent/air interface, measured during the idling
mode, to the top of the cleaning machine; for an in-line cleaning
machine, it is the distance from the solvent/air interface to the bottom
of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower, as measured during
the idling mode.

		36.1.12	"Freeboard Ratio" means the freeboard height divided by the
width of the smaller interior dimension of the organic solvent cleaning
machine.

		36.1.13	"Freeboard Zone" means; for a batch cleaning machine, the zone
within the solvent cleaning machine that extends from the solvent/air
interface to the top of the solvent cleaning machine; for an in-line
cleaning machine, it is the zone within the solvent cleaning machine
that extends from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the
entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower.

		36.1.14	"Hazardous Air Pollutant" means any pollutant which has been
listed pursuant to Section 112(b) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of
1990 or which is listed in Table 1 of Rhode Island Air Pollution Control
Regulation No. 22.

		36.1.15	"Idling Mode" means the time period when a solvent cleaning
machine is not actively cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if
present, are turned on.

		36.1.16	"In-line Cleaning" means an organic solvent cleaning machine 	
	that uses an automated parts handling system, typically a

		conveyor,to automatically provide a continuous supply of parts to be
cleaned.  These units are fully enclosed except for the conveyor inlet
and exit openings.  In-line cleaning machines can be either cold or
vapor cleaning machines.

		36.1.17	"Leakproof Coupling" means a threaded or other type of
coupling that prevents solvents from leaking while filling or draining
solvent to and from the solvent cleaning machine.

		36.1.18	"Lip Exhaust" means a device installed at the top of the
opening of a solvent cleaning machine that draws air and solvent vapor
from the freeboard zone and removes the air and vapor from the solvent
cleaning area.

		36.1.19	"Organic Solvent Cleaning" means the process of cleaning
contaminants or water from surfaces by cold cleaning or vapor cleaning
using Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) or volatile Hazardous Air
Pollutants.

		36.1.20	"Primary Condenser" means a series of cooling coils on a vapor
cleaning machine through which a chilled substance is circulated to
provide continuous condensation of rising solvent vapors and, thereby,
create a concentrated solvent vapor zone.

		36.1.21	"Refrigerated Freeboard Chiller" means a control device
mounted above the primary condenser coils consisting of secondary coils
which carry a refrigerant to provide a chilled air blanket above the
solvent vapor to reduce emissions from the solvent cleaning machine.

		36.1.22	"Remote-Reservoir Cold Cleaning" means cold cleaning using
equipment which pumps liquid solvent to a sink-like work area and then
drains the solvent back into an enclosed container while parts are being
cleaned, allowing no solvent to pool in the work area.

		36.1.23	"Solvent/Air Interface" means, for a vapor cleaning machine,
the location of contact between the concentrated solvent vapor layer and
the air.  If this location cannot be determined, it is assumed to be at
the mid-line height of the primary condenser coils.  For a cold cleaning
machine, it is the location of contact between the liquid solvent and
the air.

		36.1.24	"Solvent Cleaning Machine" means any device or piece of
equipment that uses solvent liquid or vapor to remove contaminants from
the surfaces of materials.  Types of solvent cleaning machines include,
but are not limited to, batch vapor, in-line vapor, in-line cold, and
batch cold solvent cleaning machines.

		36.1.25	"Solvent Vapor Zone" means; for a vapor cleaning machine, the
zone that extends from the liquid solvent surface to the level that
solvent vapor is condensed.  This condensation level is defined as the
midline height of the primary condenser coils.

		36.1.26	"Sump" means the part of a solvent cleaning machine where the
liquid solvent is located.

	36.1.27	"Superheated Vapor System" means a system that heats solvent
vapor to a temperature above the solvent's boiling point.  Parts are
held (dwell) in the superheated vapor to evaporate the liquid solvent on
them before exiting the machine.  Hot vapor recycle is an example of a
superheated vapor system.

		36.1.28	"Vapor Cleaning" means an organic solvent cleaning process in
which contaminants or water are cleaned and removed from surfaces by
condensing hot solvent vapor on the colder pieces.  This definition
includes vapor degreasing and drying.

		36.1.29	"Working Mode" means the time period when the solvent cleaning
machine is actively cleaning parts.

36.2	Applicability

	36.2.1	The provisions of this regulation apply to any person who owns,
leases, operates, or controls an organic solvent cleaning machine.

	36.2.2	Wherever the term "Volatile Organic Compound" or "VOC" appears
in Subsection 36.1.18 or Sections 36.2 through 36.12, read this to mean
"Volatile Organic Compounds and Halogenated Organic Compounds" or "VOC
and HOC".

	36.2.3	The requirements in this regulation supersede the requirements
in Air Pollution Control Regulation No. 18, entitled "Control of
Emissions from Organic Solvent Cleaning".  A facility must continue to
comply with Regulation No. 18 until the applicable compliance date for
the provisions of this regulation, as specified in Section 36.3.

36.3	Compliance Schedule

Compliance with the provisions of this regulation shall be achieved by
the following dates:

		(a)	Solvent cleaning machines that commenced construction or
reconstruction before November 29, 1993, shall achieve compliance with
this regulation by January 1, 1997.

		(b)	Solvent cleaning machines that commenced construction or
reconstruction on or after November 29, 1993, shall achieve compliance
with this regulation immediately upon startup or by April 8, 1996,
whichever is later.

36.4	General Requirements

	36.4.1	Equipment covers and dipping or rotating baskets must be
constructed of nonporous or nonabsorbent material.  Covers must form a
tight seal with the sides of the solvent cleaning machine and have no
gaps or holes.

	36.4.2	When the solvent cleaning machine cover is open, drafts at the
same elevation as the tank lip must not be greater than 40 m/min. (130
ft/min.) when measured 1 to  2 meters (3 to 7 feet) upwind.

	36.4.3	Leaks must be repaired immediately or the solvent cleaning unit
shut down.

	36.4.4	Equipment used in solvent cleaning must display a conspicuous
summary of proper operating procedures consistent with minimizing
emissions of organic solvents.

	36.4.5	Any solvent spray must be a solid, fluid stream which is
delivered at a pressure no greater than 10 pounds per square inch (psi)
and which does not cause excessive splashing.

	36.4.6	Spills shall be wiped up immediately.  The wipe rags shall be
stored in covered containers meeting the specifications in Subsection
36.4.12.

	36.4.7	No porous or absorbent materials, such as sponges, fabrics,
wood, or paper products, shall be cleaned in an organic cleaning
machine.

	36.4.8	Parts baskets or parts shall be drained under the cover and
shall not be removed from the cleaning machine for at least 15 seconds
or until dripping ceases and the pieces are visually dry, whichever is
longer.

	36.4.9	Parts having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated
while draining before being removed from the vapor zone.

	36.4.10 Parts shall be oriented for best drainage.

36.4.11 When solvent is added to or drained from a solvent cleaning
machine, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other
leakproof couplings and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall be
located beneath the liquid solvent surface.

36.4.12 Solvent, waste solvent, still bottoms, and sump bottoms must be
stored in covered containers and waste solvent transferral or disposal
must allow less than 20 percent of the waste solvent (by weight) to
evaporate into the atmosphere.

36.4.13 Each solvent cleaning machine and related air pollution control
equipment shall be maintained as recommended by the manufacturer of the
equipment.

36.4.14 Operators must receive training in proper solvent cleaning
procedures and, if requested by representatives of the Department or the
EPA during an inspection, must complete and pass the applicable sections
of the test on those procedures in Appendix A.

36.5	Requirements for Batch Cold Cleaning Operations

	36.5.1	Cleaning machines shall be equipped with an attached cover that
can be operated easily with one hand.  Covers must be closed at all
times except during parts entry and removal.  If the cold cleaning
machine is equipped with a lip exhaust, the cover shall be located below
the lip exhaust.

	36.5.2	The solvent sump of a remote-reservoir batch cold cleaning
machine must be equipped with a tight fitting cover that is kept closed
at all times except during the cleaning of parts.

	36.5.3	One of the following techniques shall be used to control solvent
emissions from batch cold cleaning operations:

		(a)	A freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75; or

		(b)	Water cover of at least four inches in depth if the solvent is
insoluble in and heavier than water; or

		(c)	Another system of equivalent control that is approved by the
Director and the EPA.  Requests for equivalency determinations for
control of cleaning machines installed before November 29, 1993 must be
submitted no later than June 3, 1996.  Requests for equivalency
determinations for control of cleaning machines installed on or after
November 29, 1993 must be submitted and approved prior to startup of the
cleaning machine.  Requests shall include the following information:

			(1)	A complete description of process and control equipment;

			(2)	Testing procedures that will be used to demonstrate equivalency;
and

			(3)	The date, time and location of the equivalency test.

	36.5.4	If a flexible hose or flushing device is used, flushing shall be
performed only within the freeboard zone of the cold cleaning machine.

	36.5.5	When an air- or pump-agitated solvent bath is used, the agitator
shall be operated so that a rolling motion of the solvent is produced
and splashing against the tank or parts being cleaned does not occur.

	36.5.6	The height of solvent in a batch cold cleaner shall not exceed
the manufacturer's fill-line for that machine.

36.6	Requirements for Batch Vapor Cleaning Operations With Solvent/Air
Interfaces

	36.6.1	Vapor cleaning machines shall be equipped with a cover that can
be easily operated without disturbing the vapor zone and that is
attached to the vapor cleaning machine.  Covers must be closed at all
times except during parts entry and removal.  If the batch vapor
cleaning machine is equipped with a lip exhaust, the cover must be
located below the lip exhaust.

	36.6.2	 Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a primary
condenser.

	36.6.3	Each vapor cleaning machine, except those exempted as specified
in Section 36.12, which uses a solvent containing trichloroethylene,
perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride,
chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride shall be equipped with an automated
parts handling system, such as, but not limited to, a hoist or conveyor,
that maintains a vertical conveyor speed of less than 2 inches per
second (10 feet per minute).

	36.6.4	Each vapor cleaning machine must be equipped with the following
safety switches:

		(a)	A condenser flow switch and thermostat to shut off the heat to the
solvent if the condenser coolant is not circulating; and

		(b)	A vapor level control thermostat to shut off the heat when the
vapor level rises above the height of the primary cooling coils; and

		(c)	If the cleaning machine is equipped with a spray apparatus, a
spray safety switch to shut off the spray pump if the vapor level drops
more than 4 inches (10 cm) from the bottom of the primary condenser coil
and to prevent spraying outside the vapor level; and

		(d)	A low solvent level safety switch to shut off the heating element
if it should become exposed.

	36.6.5	Each vapor cleaning machine shall have a freeboard ratio of at
least 0.75.

	36.6.6	Any vapor cleaning machine that has a solvent/air interface of
13 square feet (1.21 square meters) or less and uses a solvent
containing trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride must be equipped
with one of the following control combinations:

		(a)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and superheated vapor system; or

		(b)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and freeboard ratio of at least
1.0; or

		(c)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and carbon adsorber; or

		(d)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and dwell; or

		(e)	Another system of equivalent control that is approved by the
Director and the EPA.  Requests for equivalency determinations for
control of cleaning machines installed before November 29, 1993 must be
submitted no later than June 3, 1996.  Requests for equivalency
determinations for control of cleaning machines installed on or after
November 29, 1993 must be submitted and approved prior to startup of the
cleaning machine.  Requests shall include the following information:

			(1)	A complete description of process and control equipment;

			(2)	Testing procedures that will be used to demonstrate equivalency;
and

			(3)	The date, time and location of the equivalency test.

	36.6.7	Any vapor cleaning machine that has a solvent/air interface of
greater than 13 square feet (1.21 square meters) and uses a solvent
containing trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride must be equipped
with one of the following control combinations:

		(a)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller, freeboard ratio of at least 1.0,
and superheated vapor system; or

		(b)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller, superheated vapor system, and
carbon adsorber; or

		(c)	Another system of equivalent control that is approved by the
Director and the EPA.  Requests for equivalency determinations for
control of cleaning machines installed before November 29, 1993 must be
submitted no later than June 3, 1996.  Requests for equivalency
determinations for control of cleaning machines installed on or after
November 29, 1993 must be submitted and approved prior to startup of the
cleaning machine.  Requests shall include the following information:

			(1)	A complete description of process and control equipment;

			(2)	Testing procedures that will be used to demonstrate equivalency;
and

			(3)	The date, time and location of the equivalency test.

	36.6.8	Pieces shall be held in the vapor zone for at least 30 seconds
or until condensation ceases, whichever is longer.

	36.6.9	The workload shall not occupy more than half of the cleaning
machine's open top area.

36.6.10 The vapor level shall not rise or drop more than 4 inches (10
cm) when the workload enters or is removed from the vapor zone.

	36.6.11 Sprays shall be used only within the vapor zone.

36.6.12 Cleaning machines shall be operated so that water cannot be
visually detected in the solvent exiting the water separator.

36.6.13 Each cleaning machine that uses a lip exhaust shall be designed
and operated to route all collected solvent vapors through a properly
operated and maintained carbon adsorber that meets the requirements of
Subsection 36.9.5.

36.6.14 The exhaust ventilation rate shall not exceed 20 m3/min per m2
(65 cfm per ft2)  of solvent/air interface, unless necessary to meet
OSHA requirements.  If a carbon adsorber is used to meet the
requirements of Subsection 36.6.6 or 36.6.7, the exhaust ventilation
rate shall be at least 15 m3/min per m2 (50 cfm per ft2) of solvent/air
interface.

36.6.15 During startup of each vapor cleaning machine, the primary
condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.

36.6.16 During shutdown of each vapor cleaning machine, the sump heater
shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse
before the primary condenser is turned off.

36.6.17 To minimize solvent carry-out, pieces shall be removed from the
vapor cleaning machine at a rate less than 2 inches per second (10 feet
per minute).

36.7	Requirements for In-line Cleaning Operations

	36.7.1	Cleaning machines must be equipped with covers that completely
cover machine openings.  Covers must be in place at all times when the
conveyors and exhausts are not being operated.  If the cleaning machine
is equipped with a lip exhaust, the cover must be located below the lip
exhaust.

	36.7.2	Each in-line vapor cleaning machine shall have a primary
condenser.

	36.7.3	The automated parts handling system shall move parts at a speed
of no more than 2 inches per second (10 feet per minute).

	36.7.4	The following safety switches must be installed and operated:

		(a)	A condenser flow switch to shut off the heat if the condenser
coolant is not circulating; and

		(b)	A vapor level control thermostat to shut off the heat when the
vapor level rises above the height of the primary cooling coils; and

		(c)	If the cleaning machine is equipped with a spray apparatus, a
spray safety switch to shut off the spray pump or conveyor if the vapor
level drops more than 4 inches (10 cm) from the bottom of the primary
condenser coil and to prevent spraying outside the vapor level; and

		(d)	A low solvent level safety switch to shut off the heating element
if it should become exposed.

	36.7.5	Each in-line cleaning machine shall have a freeboard ratio of at
least 0.75.

	36.7.6	Each in-line cleaning machine must be equipped with a drying
tunnel, a rotating (tumbling) basket, or another device that prevents
cleaned pieces from carrying solvent liquid or vapor out of the unit.

	36.7.7	Any in-line cleaning machine installed before November 29, 1993
must be equipped with one of the following control combinations:

		(a)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and freeboard ratio of at least
1.0; or

		(b)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and dwell; or

		(c)	Carbon adsorber and dwell; or

		(d)	Another system of equivalent control system that is approved by
the Director and the EPA.  Requests for equivalency determinations must
be submitted no later than June 3, 1996.  Requests shall include the
following information:

			(1)	A complete description of process and control equipment;

			(2)	Testing procedures that will be used to demonstrate equivalency;
and

			(3)	The date, time and location of the equivalency test.

	36.7.8	Any in-line cleaning machine installed on or after November 29,
1993 must be equipped with and operate one of the following control
combinations:

		(a)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and a superheated vapor system; or

		(b)	Refrigerated freeboard chiller and carbon adsorber; or

		(c)	Another system of equivalent control that is approved by the
Director and the EPA.  Requests for equivalency determinations for
control of cleaning machines installed on or after November 29, 1993
must be submitted and approved prior to startup of the cleaning machine.
 Requests shall include the following information:

			(1)	A complete description of process and control equipment;

			(2)	Testing procedures that will be used to demonstrate equivalency;
and

			(3)	The date, time and location of the equivalency test.

	36.7.9	The size of entrance and exit openings shall be minimized so
that there is a clearance of no more than four inches on each side
between the largest piece cleaned and the edges of the opening of the
cleaning machine.

36.7.10 Each in-line cleaning machine that uses a lip exhaust shall be
designed and operated to route all collected solvent vapors through a
properly operated and maintained carbon adsorber that meets the
requirements of Subsection 36.9.5.

36.7.11 The exhaust ventilation rate shall not exceed 20 m3/min per m2
(65 cfm per ft2) of solvent/air interface, unless necessary to meet OSHA
requirements.  If a carbon adsorber is used to meet the requirements of
Subsection 36.7.7 or 36.7.8, the exhaust ventilation rate shall be at
least 15 m3/min per m2 (50 cfm per ft2) of solvent/air interface.

36.7.12 The cleaning machine shall be operated so that water cannot be
visually detected in the solvent exiting the water separator.

36.7.13 During startup of each vapor in-line cleaning machine, the
primary condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.

36.7.14 During shutdown of each vapor in-line cleaning machine, the sump
heater shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to
collapse before the primary condenser is turned off.

36.7.15 Any spraying operations shall be done only within the vapor zone
or within a section of the in-line cleaning machine that is not directly
exposed to the room air.

36.8	Requirements for Batch Vapor Cleaning Operations Without
Solvent/Air Interfaces

	The owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine which does not
have a solvent/air interface must comply with the requirements specified
below.

	36.8.1	A log of solvent additions and deletions shall be maintained for
each cleaning machine.

	36.8.2	Solvent emissions from each cleaning machine which does not have
a solvent/air interface shall not exceed the amount calculated using
Equation 1:

	EL = 85.5 * (Vol)0.6		Equation 1

		Where:

			EL = the average monthly emission limit for any three month period
(pounds/month)

			Vol = the cleaning capacity (volume) of the cleaning machine (cubic
feet)

	36.8.3	The owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine that
does not have a solvent/air interface shall demonstrate compliance with
the emission limit calculated with Equation 1 on the first operating day
of every month using the following procedure:

		(a)	A fill-line must be marked on the first month the measurements are
taken.  Solvent shall be added to bring the level to the same fill-line
on the first operating day of each month thereafter; and

		(b)	Confirm that only clean liquid solvent is in the vapor cleaning
machine; and

		(c)	Using the records of solvent additions and deletions for the
previous month required in Subsection 36.8.1 and Equation 2, determine
monthly solvent emissions:

	E = SA - LSR - SSR		Equation 2

		Where:

			E = the total solvent emissions for the previous month (pounds)

			SA = the total amount of solvent added to the cleaning machine during
the previous month (pounds)

			LSR = the total amount of liquid solvent removed from the cleaning
machine during the previous month (pounds)

			SSR = the total amount of solid waste removed from the cleaning
machine during the previous month (pounds)

 

		(d)	The SSR should be determined using either engineering calculations
or EPA reference method 25d.

		(e)	The average monthly emissions for the previous three month period
shall be calculated according to Equation 3:

					E3-month = E1+ E2 + E3		Equation 3 

							 3

		Where:

			E3-month = average monthly solvent emissions during the previous
three month period

E1, E2, E3 = solvent emissions for each of the three most recent months,
calculated using Equation 2.

		(f)	The cleaning machine is in compliance with the average monthly
emission limit if E3-month, calculated using Equation 3, is less than or
equal to EL, calculated according to Equation 1.

36.9	Compliance Specifications and Monitoring Requirements

	The owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine shall monitor the
following parameters and record the results:

	36.9.1	The cover of each batch vapor or in-line cleaning machine shall
be visually inspected monthly to confirm that it is opening and closing
properly, that it completely covers the cleaning machine's openings when
closed, and that it is free of cracks, holes, and other defects.

	36.9.2	The speed of automated parts handling systems shall be monitored
according to the following specifications:

		(a)	Determine the speed by measuring the time it takes for the
conveyor to travel a measured distance.  The speed is the distance in
inches divided by the time in seconds, or the distance in feet divided
by the time in minutes; and

		(b)	Monitoring shall be performed on a monthly basis.  If no
exceedances of the speed requirements specified in Subsection 36.6.3 and
36.7.3 occur in a year, then future hoist speed monitoring may be
conducted on a quarterly basis; and

		(c)	If a speed greater than that specified in Subsections 36.6.3 and
36.7.3 is measured, the automated parts handling system must be adjusted
so that this specification is met; and

		(d)	If a speed greater than that specified in Subsections 36.6.3 and
36.7.3 is measured while monitoring is being conducted on a quarterly
basis, then monthly monitoring must be resumed until another year passes
without any exceedances.

	36.9.3	If a refrigerated freeboard chiller is used, the temperature at
the coldest point of the centroid of the chilled air blanket shall be no
greater than 30% of the solvent's boiling point, measured in oF, and
shall be monitored weekly according to the following specifications:

		(a)	The temperature shall be monitored while the batch vapor or
in-line cleaning machine is operating in the idling mode; and

		(b)	A thermometer or thermocouple shall be used to measure the
temperature at the centroid of the air blanket; and

		(c)	If the temperature at the coldest point of the centroid of the air
blanket exceeds 30% of the solvent's boiling point, measured in oF, the
chiller shall be adjusted so that this specification is met.

	36.9.4	If a superheated vapor system is used, the temperature of the
solvent vapor at the centroid of the superheated vapor zone shall be
maintained at least 10EF above the solvent's boiling point and shall be
monitored weekly according to the following specifications:

		(a)	The temperature shall be monitored while the batch vapor or
in-line cleaning machine is operating in the idling mode; and

		(b)	A thermometer or thermocouple shall be used to measure the
temperature at the centroid of the superheated solvent vapor zone; and

		(c)	If the temperature at the centroid of the air blanket is less than
10EF above the solvent's boiling point, the system shall be adjusted so
that this specification is met.

	36.9.5	If a carbon adsorber is used, the concentration of solvent in
the exhaust shall not exceed 25 ppm.  Compliance with this requirement
shall be determined using the following methods:

		(a)	Within 60 days of initial startup of the carbon adsorber, the
solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust shall be tested
using EPA Test Method 25.  Each test shall consist of 3 separate
one-hour samples, and the arithmetic mean shall be used to determine
initial compliance.  The results shall be reported to the Office of Air
Resources within 60 days of the test.

		(b)	Continuing compliance shall be determined weekly using the
following procedure:

			(1)	The concentration of solvent in the exhaust shall be measured
while the cleaning machine is in the working mode and is exhausting to
the carbon adsorber; and

			(2)	An easily accessible sampling port shall be provided that is
located on the exhaust outlet at least 8 stack or duct diameters
downstream and 2 stack or duct diameters upstream of any flow
disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, or outlet.  The
sampling port must not be downstream of any other inlet; and

			(3)	Solvent concentration shall be measured at the sampling port
using a colorimetric detector tube capable of detecting 25 ppm with an
accuracy of + 25% or better; and

			(4)	Colorimetric detector tubes must be used according to the
manufacturer's instructions; and

			(5)	If the carbon adsorber's exhaust exceeds 25 ppm then the
desorption cycle shall be adjusted or the carbon canister replaced in
order to bring the exhaust concentration below 25 ppm; and

			(6)	If desorption of the carbon adsorber is required, the carbon
adsorber shall not be bypassed during the desorption cycle.

	36.9.6	If dwell or a superheated vapor system is used, the actual dwell
time shall not exceed the minimum dwell time.  Minimum and actual dwell
time shall be determined using the following procedures:

		(a)	For units without a superheated vapor system, the minimum dwell
time shall be determined for each part type or parts basket or for the
most complex part type or parts basket using the following procedure:

			(1)	Determine the amount of time necessary for the part or parts
basket to cease dripping once placed in the vapor zone.  The part or
parts basket used for this determination must be at room temperature
when placed in the vapor zone; and

			(2)	The minimum dwell time required for parts to remain in the
freeboard zone above the vapor zone is calculated as 35 percent of the
time determined in Paragraph (a)(1) of this subsection.

		(b)	The minimum dwell time for a cleaning machine equipped with a
superheated vapor system shall be determined according to the
specifications of the manufacturer of the control equipment; and

		(c)	On a monthly basis, the actual dwell time that parts are held in
the freeboard zone above the vapor zone shall be measured; and

		(d)	If the actual dwell time is less than the minimum dwell time
determined using the applicable procedure in Paragraph (a) or (b) of
this subsection for a particular part or parts basket, the automatic
parts handling system must be adjusted so that this specification is
met.

	36.9.7	Safety switches must be tested semiannually.

	36.9.8	Alternative monitoring procedures may be used if approved by the
Director and the EPA.

36.10	Recordkeeping

36.10.1 The owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line organic
cleaning machine shall maintain the following records for the lifetime
of the cleaning unit:

		(a)	Owner's manuals or written maintenance and operating procedures
for the cleaning machine and air pollution control equipment; and

		(b)	Date of installation of the cleaning machine and its control
devices; and

		(c)	Records of the content of each solvent used in the cleaning
machine; and

		(d)	If dwell or superheated vapor is used, the minimum dwell times
determined using the procedures specified in Paragraph (a) or (b) of
Subsection 36.9.6; and

		(e)	Records of training provided to solvent cleaning machine
operators.

	36.10.2	The owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line organic
cleaning machine shall maintain the following records for a period of
five years:

			(a)	Amount and type of solvent used in each cleaning machine each
year; and

			(b)	Results of monitoring required under Section 36.9; and

			(c)	Information on the actions taken to comply with Subsections
36.9.2(c), 36.9.3(c), 36.9.4(c), 36.9.5(b)(5), and 36.9.6(d).  This
includes records of written or verbal orders for replacement parts, a
description of the repairs made, and the additional monitoring conducted
to demonstrate that monitored parameters have returned to acceptable
levels; and

			(d)	The dates that carbon adsorber beds are desorbed; and

			(e)	The dates that the carbon adsorber bed is changed; and

			(f)	The date and type of each equipment malfunction (or leak) and the
date it is repaired; and

			(g)	If any safety switches are activated, the date and the reason why
the switch was triggered; 

			(h)	The results of semiannual safety switch tests; and

			(i)	For batch vapor machines which have been exempted from the
automated parts handling system requirements of Subsection 36.6.3, a log
of additions and deletions of solvent from the exempted vapor cleaning
machine, as required in Subsection 36.12.4.  

	36.10.3	The owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine without
a solvent/air interface complying with the emission limits in Section
36.8 must maintain the following records for five years:

			(a)	A log of solvent additions and deletions, as required in
Subsection 36.8.1; and

			(b)	Monthly emissions, average monthly emissions for each 3 month
period, and the calculations of those values according to the procedure
specified in Subsection 36.8.3; and

			(c)	The amount of solvent in the solid waste removed from the
cleaning machine, calculated using the procedure specified in Subsection
36.8.3(d); and

			(d)	The method used to determine the cleaning capacity of the
cleaning machine.

	36.10.4	The owner or operator of a batch cold cleaning machine shall
maintain records of training provided to cleaning machine operators for
the lifetime of the unit and shall maintain the following records for a
period of five years:

			(a)	Amount and type of solvent used in each cleaning machine each
year and

			(b)	The date and type of each equipment malfunction (or leak) and the
date it is repaired.

	36.10.5	All records specified in Subsections 36.10.1 through 36.10.4
shall be made available to the Department or the EPA for inspection upon
request.

36.11	Reporting Requirements

36.11.1	Initial Notification Report

			(a)	The owner or operator of an organic solvent cleaning machine
installed before November 29, 1993 that uses a solvent containing
trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene
chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride must submit an Initial
Notification Report to the Division no later than August 29, 1995.  This
report must include the following information:

				(1)	The name and address of owner or operator; and

				(2)	The address of the solvent cleaning machine(s); and

				(3)	The type of the solvent cleaning machine (cold, batch vapor, or
in-line), the area of the solvent/air interface, and the type of
existing controls; and

				(4)	The date of installation of the solvent cleaning machine(s) and
related control devices.  If the dates of installation are not known a
letter certifying that installation was prior to, or after, November 29,
1993 is acceptable; and

				(5)	The anticipated compliance approach for each solvent degreaser;
and

				(6)	An estimate of the amount of solvent used annually in each
solvent cleaning machine.

			(b)	The owner or operator of an organic solvent cleaning machine
installed on or after November 29, 1993 that uses a solvent containing
trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene
chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride must submit an Initial
Notification Report to the Division 120 days before startup of the
cleaning machine or by January 31, 1995, whichever is later.  This
report must include the following information:

				(1)	The name and address of owner or operator; and

				(2)	The address of the solvent cleaning machine(s); and

				(3)	The type of solvent cleaning machine (cold, batch vapor, or
in-line), the solvent/air interface area, and the type of existing
controls; and

				(4)	The facility's anticipated compliance approach for each solvent
cleaning machine; and

		(5)	The expected commencement date of the construction or
reconstruction; and

				(6)	The expected completion date of the construction or
reconstruction; and

				(7)	The anticipated date of startup of the solvent cleaning machine;
and

				(8)	An estimate of the amount of solvent which will be used annually
in each solvent cleaning machine.

36.11.2	Compliance Notification Report

			(a)	The owner or operator of an organic solvent cleaning machine
installed before November 29, 1993 must submit a Compliance Notification
Report to the Division no later than March 1, 1997.  Compliance
Notification Reports for organic solvent cleaning machines installed on
or after November 29, 1993 must be submitted no more than 60 days after
startup of the cleaning machine or by June 7, 1996, whichever is later. 


			(b)	Compliance Notification Reports shall contain the following
information:

				(1)	The name and address of the owner or operator; and

				(2)	The address of the solvent cleaning machine; and

				(3)	A statement, signed by the owner or operator, stating that each
cleaning machine is in compliance with this regulation; and

				(4)	The control equipment used to achieve compliance for each
cleaning machine; and

				(5)	If a refrigerated freeboard chiller or superheated vapor is
used, the dates and results of weekly temperature monitoring for the
first month after the compliance date; and

				(6)	If a carbon adsorber is used, the date and results of weekly
measurements of the solvent concentration in the exhaust for the first
month after the compliance date; and

				(7)	If dwell is used, the minimum dwell times and the actual dwell
times measured for the first month; and

				(8)	For vapor cleaning machines without solvent/air interfaces, a
description of the method used to determine the cleaning capacity of the
machine and the results of the monthly solvent emissions calculation for
the month beginning with the compliance date.

	36.11.3	Exceedances and Exceedance Reports

			(a)	The following occurrences are considered exceedances and must be
reported on the facility's Exceedance Report:

				(1)	An exceedance has occurred if the requirement in Subsection
36.9.5(b)(6) has not been met; or 

				(2)	An exceedance has occurred if the requirements in Subsections
36.9.1, 36.9.2, 36.9.3, 36.9.4, 36.9.5 or 36.9.6 are not met and are not
corrected within 10 working days of detection.  Once adjustments or
repairs have been made, parameters must be remeasured to demonstrate
that the parameter is within the acceptable limits; or

				(3)	If a vapor cleaning machine does not have a solvent/air
interface, an exceedance has occurred if the three month average monthly
emission limit is not met in any month;

				(4)	If a vapor cleaning machine has been exempted from the automated
parts handling system requirements, an exceedance has occurred if the
three month emission limit, S, as calculated using Equation 4, is not
met in any month.

			(b)	The owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line cleaning
machine shall initially submit Exceedance Reports semiannually, except
when the Department determines on a case-by-case basis that more or less
frequent reporting is necessary.

			(c)	If an exceedance occurs, Exceedance Reports must be submitted
quarterly until a request to reduce the reporting frequency as specified
in Subsection 36.11.3 (f) has been approved.

			(d)	The Exceedance Report shall be received by the thirtieth day
following the end of each exceedance reporting period.  Initial
reporting periods are January 1 - June 30 and July 1 - December 31.

			(e)	Exceedance Reports shall include the following information for
actions taken to comply with Subsections 36.9.1, 36.9.2, 36.9.3, 36.9.4,
36.9.5, or 36.9.6:

				(1)	Records of written or verbal orders for replacement parts, a
description of the repairs made, additional monitoring to demonstrate
that monitored parameters have returned to acceptable levels; and

				(2)	If an exceedance has occurred, the reason for the exceedance and
a description of the actions taken to correct the exceedance; and

				(3)	If an exceedance has occurred, the dates the cleaning machine or
control equipment was repaired, retested, and returned to service; and

				(4)	If an exceedance has not occurred or the cleaning and control
equipment has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted, this
information must be stated in the report.

			(f)	If a facility is required to submit Exceedance Reports on a
quarterly (or more frequent) basis, the submittal frequency may be
reduced to semiannual with the Director's approval, if the following
requirements are achieved:

				(1)	The facility has demonstrated a full year of compliance without
an exceedance; and

				(2)	The owner or operator continues to comply with the recordkeeping
and monitoring requirements specified in this regulation.

	36.11.4 Annual Compliance Reports

	The owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning
machine shall submit an annual report to the Office of Air Resources by
February 1 of each year for the previous calendar year.  This report
shall include the following:

		(a)	A signed statement from the facility owner or his designee stating
that, "All operators of solvent cleaning machines have received training
on the proper operation of solvent cleaning machines and their control
devices sufficient to pass the test required in Appendix A."

		(b)	An estimate of solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning
machine during the reporting period.

		(c)	For each machine complying with Section 36.8, the average monthly
solvent consumption and the average monthly emissions for each
consecutive three month period, calculated using Equation 3.

		(d)	For each batch vapor cleaning machine that has received an
exemption from the automated parts handling system requirements, as
specified in Section 36.12, the solvent emissions during each three
month period, calculated using Equation 5.

36.12	Exemption from Automated Parts Handling System Requirement

	36.12.1	The owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine may
apply for an exemption from the automated parts handling system
requirement in Subsection 36.6.3.  Exemptions shall limit solvent
emissions from the cleaning machine during any three month period after
the compliance date to the amount calculated using Equation 4:

			S =  92 * A			Equation 4

	Where:

		S = The amount of solvent, in pounds, that can be emitted from that
cleaning machine during any three month period after the compliance date
specified in Section 36.3

		A = The area of the solvent/air interface for that machine, in square
feet.

	36.12.2	Exemption requests shall be submitted to the Division by the
following dates:

			(a)	December 1, 1996 for vapor cleaning machines that commenced
construction or reconstruction before November 29, 1993, and

			(b)	30 days prior to startup or May 8, 1996, whichever is later, for
vapor cleaning machines that commenced construction or reconstruction on
or after November 29, 1993.

	36.12.3	Exemption requests shall include the following information:

			(a)	The name and address of the facility; and

			(b)	An identification of the vapor cleaning machine for which the
exemption is being requested; and

			(c)	The area of the solvent/vapor interface, in square feet, of the
vapor cleaning machine; and 

			(d)	The three month emission limit, S, calculated using Equation 4;
and

			(e)	A statement, signed by the owner or operator of the facility,
that emissions of solvent from the vapor cleaning machine will not
exceed the three month emission limit, S, during any three month period
after the compliance date in Section 36.3.

	36.12.4	The owner or operator of a facility which is granted an
exemption to the requirements of Subsection 36.6.3 shall maintain a log
of additions and deletions of solvent from the exempted vapor cleaning
machine.

	36.12.5	The owner or operator of a facility which is granted an
exemption to the requirements of Subsection 36.6.3 shall demonstrate
compliance with the three month emission limit, S, calculated using
Equation 4 on the first operating day of every month using the following
procedure:

			(a)	A fill-line must be marked on the machine on the first month the
measurements are taken; and  

			(b)	On the first day of each month thereafter, the machine shall be
filled to the fill-line with clean liquid solvent; and

			(c)	On the first day of each month, using the log of solvent
additions and deletions required in Subsection 36.12.4, calculate
solvent emissions for the most recent three month period with Equation
5:

			EA = SA - SR				Equation 5

		Where:

			EA =  solvent emissions during the three month period (pounds)

			SA = the total amount of solvent added to the cleaning machine during
the three month period (pounds)

			SR = the total amount of solvent removed from the cleaning machine
during the three month period (pounds)

			(d)	The cleaning machine is in compliance with the three month
emission limit if solvent emissions in the three month period, EA,
calculated using Equation 5, are less than or equal to S, calculated
according to Equation 4.

	36.12.6	If the three month emission limit, S, is exceeded two times, an
automated parts handling system must be installed within 60 days of the
end of the three month period in which the second exceedance occurred.

General Provisions

Purpose

The purpose of this regulation is to limit emissions from organic
solvent cleaning operations.

Authority

These regulations are authorized pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws §
42-17.1-2(s) and 23-23, as amended, and have been promulgated pursuant
to the procedures set forth in the R.I. Administrative Procedures Act,
R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 42-35

Application

The terms and provisions of this regulation shall be liberally construed
to permit the Department to effectuate the purposes of state law, goals
and policies.

Severability

If any provision of this regulation or the application thereof to any
person or circumstance, is held invalid by a court of competent
jurisdiction, the validity of the remainder of the regulation shall not
be affected thereby.

Effective Date

The foregoing regulation, "Control of Emissions from Organic Solvent
Cleaning”, as amended, after due notice, is hereby adopted and filed
with the Secretary of State this _29th day of ___June________, 2007_ to
become effective twenty (20) days thereafter, in accordance with the
provisions of Chapters 23-23, 42-35, 42-17.1, 42-17.6, of the General
Laws of Rhode Island of 1956, as amended.

W. Michael Sullivan, PhD., Director

Department of Environmental Management

Notice Given on:	February 21, 2007

Public Hearing held:	        March 23, 2007

Filing Date:	June 29, 2007

Effective Date:   July 19, 2007



	Appendix A

	Test of Operator Knowledge of Solvent Cleaning Procedures

General Questions

1. 	What is the maximum allowable speed for parts entry and removal?

	A.	28 feet per minute

	B.	10 feet per minute

	C.	36 feet per minute

	D.	No limit

2.	How do you ensure that parts enter and exit the solvent cleaning
machine at the speed required in the regulation?

	A.	Program on computerized hoist monitors speed.

	B.	Can judge the speed by looking at it.

	C.	Measure the time it takes the parts to travel a measured distance.

3.	Identify the sources of air disturbances?

	A.	Fans

	B.	Open doors

	C.	Open windows

	D.	Ventilation vents

	E.	All of the above

4.	What are the three operating modes?

	A.	Idling, working, and downtime

	B.	Precleaning, cleaning, and drying

	C.	Startup, shutdown, off

	D.	None of the above

5.	When can parts or parts baskets be removed from the solvent cleaning
machine?

	A.	When they are clean

	B.	At any time

	C.	When dripping stops

	D.	Either A or C is correct

6.	How must parts be oriented during cleaning?

	A.	It does not matter as long as they fit in the parts basket.

	B.	So that the solvent pools in the cavities where the dirt is
concentrated.

	C.	So that solvent drains from them freely.

7.	During startup, what must be turned on first, the primary condenser
or the sump heater?

	A.	Primary condenser

	B.	Sump heater

	C.	Turn both on at same time

	D.	Either A or B is correct

8.	During shutdown, what must be turned off first, the primary condenser
or the sump heater?

	A.	Primary condenser

	B.	Sump heater

	C.	Turn both on at same time

	D.	Either A or B is correct

9.	In what manner must solvent be added to and removed from the solvent
cleaning machine?

	A.	With leak proof couplings

	B.	With the end of the pipe in the solvent sump below the liquid
solvent surface.

	C.	So long as the solvent does not spill, the method does not matter.

	D.	A and B

10.	What must be done with waste solvent, still bottoms, and sump
bottoms?

	A.	Pour down the drain

	B.	Store in closed container

	C.	Store in a bucket

	D.	A or B

11.	What types of materials are prohibited from being cleaned in solvent
cleaning machines using halogenated HAP solvents?

	A.	Sponges

	B.	Fabrics

	C.	Paper

	D.	All of the above

12.	When can a cover be open?

	A.	While parts are in the cleaning machine

	B.	During parts entry and removal or when an in-line conveyor is
operating

	C.	At all times

	D.	Never

13.	Covers must be maintained in what condition?

	A.	Free of holes

	B.	Free of cracks

	C.	So that they completely seal cleaning opening

	D.	All of the above

Control Device Specific Questions

Freeboard Refrigerated Chiller

1.	What temperature must the freeboard refrigerated chiller achieve?

	A.	Below room temperature

	B.	50EF

	C.	Below the solvent boiling point

	D.	30 percent of the solvent's boiling point

Dwell

2.	Where must the parts be held for the appropriate dwell time?

	A.	In the vapor zone

	B.	In the freeboard zone above the vapor zone

	C.	Above the cleaning machine

	D.	In the immersion sump



	Answers 

General Questions

1.	B

2.	A or C

3.	E

4.	A

5.	C

6.	C

7.	A

8.	B

9.	D

10.	B

11.	D

12.	B

13.	D

Control Device Specific Questions

1.	D

2.	B

 

 

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