				TSD-1c

Emission Processing for the Revised 2002 OTC Regional and Urban 12 km
Base Case Simulations

Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research

Division of Air Resources

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

September 19, 2006  TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433115"  1. Overview	  PAGEREF _Toc146433115 \h 
4  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433116"  2. Emission Inventories	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433116 \h  4  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433117"  2.1 MANE-VU	  PAGEREF _Toc146433117 \h 
4  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433118"  2.1.1 Area Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433118 \h  4  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433119"  2.1.2 Nonroad Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433119 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433120"  2.1.3 Mobile Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433120 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433121"  2.1.4 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433121 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433122"  2.2 CENRAP	  PAGEREF _Toc146433122 \h  5
 

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433123"  2.2.1 Area Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433123 \h  5  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433124"  2.2.2 Nonroad Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433124 \h  6  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433125"  2.2.3 Mobile Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433125 \h  6  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433126"  2.2.4 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433126 \h  6  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433127"  2.3 VISTAS	  PAGEREF _Toc146433127 \h  6
 

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433128"  2.3.1 Area Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433128 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433129"  2.3.2 Nonroad Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433129 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433130"  2.3.3 Mobile Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433130 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433131"  2.3.4 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433131 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433132"  2.4 MRPO	  PAGEREF _Toc146433132 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433133"  2.4.1 Area Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433133 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433134"  2.4.2 Nonroad Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433134 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433135"  2.4.3 Mobile Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433135 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433136"  2.4.4 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433136 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433137"  2.5 Canada	  PAGEREF _Toc146433137 \h  9
 

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433138"  2.5.1 Area Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433138 \h  9  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433139"  2.5.2 Nonroad Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433139 \h  9  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433140"  2.5.3 Mobile Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433140 \h  9  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433141"  2.5.4 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433141 \h  9  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433142"  3. Mobile6 Processing	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433142 \h  10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433143"  3.1 MANE-VU	  PAGEREF _Toc146433143 \h 
10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433144"  3.1.1 Mobile6 input files	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433144 \h  10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433145"  3.1.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files	 
PAGEREF _Toc146433145 \h  11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433146"  3.1.3 Temperature averaging	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433146 \h  11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433147"  3.2 CENRAP	  PAGEREF _Toc146433147 \h 
11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433148"  3.2.1 Mobile6 input files	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433148 \h  11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433149"  3.2.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files	 
PAGEREF _Toc146433149 \h  11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433150"  3.2.3 Temperature averaging	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433150 \h  11  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433151"  3.3 VISTAS	  PAGEREF _Toc146433151 \h 
12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433152"  3.3.1 Mobile6 input files	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433152 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433153"  3.3.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files	 
PAGEREF _Toc146433153 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433154"  3.3.3 Temperature averaging	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433154 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433155"  3.4 MRPO	  PAGEREF _Toc146433155 \h  12 


  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433156"  3.4.1 Mobile6 input files	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433156 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433157"  3.4.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files	 
PAGEREF _Toc146433157 \h  12  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433158"  3.4.3 Temperature averaging	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433158 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433159"  4. Biogenic Emission Processing	 
PAGEREF _Toc146433159 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433160"  5. Temporal Allocation	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433160 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433161"  5.1 MANE-VU	  PAGEREF _Toc146433161 \h 
13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433162"  5.1.1 Area and nonroad sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433162 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433163"  5.1.2 Mobile sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433163 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433164"  5.1.3 Point Sources	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433164 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433165"  5.2 CENRAP	  PAGEREF _Toc146433165 \h 
14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433166"  5.3 VISTAS	  PAGEREF _Toc146433166 \h 
14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433167"  5.4 MRPO	  PAGEREF _Toc146433167 \h  14 


  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433168"  5.5 Canada	  PAGEREF _Toc146433168 \h 
15  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433169"  6. Speciation	  PAGEREF _Toc146433169 \h
 15  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433170"  7. Spatial Allocation	  PAGEREF
_Toc146433170 \h  15  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433171"  7.1 U.S.	  PAGEREF _Toc146433171 \h  15 


  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc146433172"  7.2 Canada	  PAGEREF _Toc146433172 \h 
15  

 

Overview

All emissions processing for the revised 2002 OTC regional and urban 12
km base case simulations was performed with SMOKE2.1 compiled on a Red
Hat 9.0 Linux operating system with the Portland group fortran compiler
version 5.1. The emissions processing was performed on a month-by-month
and RPO-by-RPO basis, i.e. SMOKE processing was performed for each month
for each of the RPOs (MANE-VU, VISTAS, CENRAP, MRPO) individually as
well as for Canada. For each month/RPO combination, a separate SMOKE
ASSIGNS file was created, and the length of the episode in each of these
ASSIGNS files was set to the entire month. Also, as discussed in Section
3, there was no difference between “episode-average” temperatures
and “monthly-average” temperatures for the Mobile6 simulations that
used the option of temperature averaging. 

This document is structured as follows: A listing of all emission
inventories is given in Section 2, organized by RPO and source category.
Section 3 discusses the Mobile6 processing approach employed for the
different RPOs, while Section 4 describes the processing of biogenic
emissions with BEIS3.12. Finally, Sections 5 through7 describe the
temporal allocation, speciation, and spatial allocation of the emissions
inventories, respectively.

Emission Inventories

MANE-VU

Version 3 of the MANE_VU inventory was utilized to generate CMAQ-ready
emissions. This emissions inventory data were obtained from the MANEVU
archive in April 2006.

Area Sources

Files: MANEVU_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_SUMMERDAY_040606.txt and
MANEVU_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_WINTERDAY_040606.txt prepared by PECHAN,
downloaded from   HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org 
(username mane-vu, password exchange)

Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction
factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

Nonroad Sources

File: MANEVU_NRD2002_SMOKE_030306 prepared by PECHAN; downloaded from  
HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org  (username mane-vu,
password exchange)

Mobile Sources

VMT/Speed: MANEVU_2002_mbinv_02022006_addCT.txt prepared by PECHAN and
NESCAUM; downloaded from
http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANE-VU/onroad_ver3_update/MAN
EVU_V3_update.tar

Point Sources

Files: MANEVU_Point_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_SUMMERDAY_041006.txt and
MANEVU_Point_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_WINTERDAY_041006.txt prepared by PECHAN
were downloaded from   HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org 
(username mane-vu, password exchange)

Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction
factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

Corrected the omission of 2,100 tons/year VOC emissions from several
point sources in NJ. NJDEP provided updated IDA files on June 30 that
were used for modeling.

CENRAP

The inventory data were obtained from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006
and reflect version BaseB of the CENRAP inventory.

Area Sources

Files:

CENRAP_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_STATES_081705.txt

CENRAP_AREA_MISC_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_STATE_071905.txt

CENRAP_AREA_BURNING_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_TX_ NELI_071905.txt

CENRAP_AREA_MISC_SMOKE_INPUT_NH3_MONTH_{MMM} _072805.txt where {MMM} is
JAN, FEB, … DEC

CENRAP_AREA_SMOKE_INPUT_NH3_MONTH_{MMM} _071905.txt where {MMM} is JAN,
FEB, … DEC

Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction
factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing

Note about area and nonroad source SMOKE processing for the CENRAP
region: All area source inventories (both annual and month-specific)
were processed in one step through SMOKE. SMK_AVEDAY_YN was set to N, so
seasonal profiles were used to apportion the annual inventories numbers
by month. This setting was also used for the nonroad processing
performed in a separate step. This was necessary since the
month-specific files had zero in their ‘average-day’ column and the
annual total column reflects the “monthly emissions as annual
totals” as per header line. Therefore, seasonal profiles are used to
apportion both the annual and month-specific files. As described below,
we utilized the temporal profiles and cross-reference files generated by
CENRAP. However, we did not verify that this approach indeed leads to
the intended monthly allocation of ammonia and nonroad emissions.

Nonroad Sources

Files:

CENRAP_NONROAD_SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_071305.txt 

CENRAP_NONROAD_SMOKE_INPUT_MONTH_{MMM}_071305.txt where {MMM} is JAN,
FEB, … DEC

Mobile Sources

VMT/Speed files:

mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_ce.ida

mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_no.ida

mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_so.ida

mbinv02_vmt_cenrap_we.ida 

Point Sources

File: CENRAP_POINT_SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_DAILY_072505.txt

Fugitive dust correction: This was applied as county-specific correction
factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.

VISTAS

All VISTAS emission files were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp
site. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory with the
exception of fire emissions which reflect BaseF and BaseD. These files
were downloaded between February and August, 2006.

Area Sources

Files:

arinv_vistas_2002g_2453922_w_pmfac.txt

ida_ar_fire_2002_vistaonly_basef.ida

Note: the header lines of these files indicate that the fugitive dust
correction was already applied, so no further correction was performed.

Nonroad Sources

Files:

nrinv_vistas_2002g_2453908.txt

marinv_vistas_2002g_2453972.txt

Mobile Sources

VMT/Speed file: mbinv_vistas_02g_vmt_12jun06.txt

Point Sources

Files:

Annual:

egu_ptinv_vistas_2002typ_baseg_2453909.txt

negu_ptinv_vistas_2002typ_baseg_2453909.txt

ptinv_fires_{MM}_typ.vistas.ida where {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc. depending
on the month; these annual point fire files were generated as part of
the VISTAS BaseD inventory and were obtained in January 2005

Hour-specific:

pthour_2002typ_baseg_{MMM}_28jun2006.ems where {MMM} is jan, feb, mar,
etc.

pthour_fires_{MM}_typ.vistas.ida where {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc.
depending on the month; these hourly point fire files were generated as
part of the VISTAS BaseD inventory and were obtained in January 2005

Note: No fugitive dust correction was performed for these files.

MRPO

MRPO emissions for SMOKE modeling were generated by Alpine Geophysics
through a contract from MARAMA to convert the MRPO BaseK inventory from
NIF to IDA format. The files were downloaded from the MARAMA ftp site  
HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org  (username mane-vu,
password exchange) between April and June 2006.

Area Sources

Files: 

Annual:

arinv_mar_mrpok_2002_27apr2006.txt

arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt

Month-specific:

arinv_nh3_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_3may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc.

dustinv_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_23may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc.

Fugitive dust correction: This correction was performed only to the
arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt file using county-specific
correction factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.

Note about area source SMOKE processing: SMOKE processing was performed
separately for the annual and month-specific files. For the annual
inventory processing, SMK_AVEDAY_YN was set to N, so seasonal profiles
were used to apportion the annual inventories numbers by month. For the
month-specific inventory processing, this variable was set to Y so that
no seasonal profiles would be applied and the inventory numbers in the
‘average day’ column would be used. To save a SMOKE processing step,
the annual “marine” inventory
“arinv_mar_mrpok_2002_27apr2006.txt” was processed together with the
annual “other area source” inventory
“arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt” even though it technically is
part of the nonroad inventory.

Nonroad Sources

Files: nrinv_2002_mrpok_{mmm}_3may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc.

Mobile Sources

VMT/Speed file: mbinv_mrpo_02f_vmt_02may06.txt

Point Sources

Files: ptinv_egu_negu_2002_mrpok_1may2006.txt

Fugitive dust correction: This correction was performed only to the
arinv_other_mrpok_2002_20jun2006.txt file using county-specific
correction factors for SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; the
correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac.txt was obtained from EPA’s
CAIR NODA ftp site   HYPERLINK "http://www.airmodelingftp.com" 
http://www.airmodelingftp.com  (password protected).; this adjustment
was performed using the SMOKE programs cntlmat and grwinven to generate
an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE processing.

Canada

Area Sources

File: AS2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from   HYPERLINK
"ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory" 
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory 

Fugitive dust correction: We applied “divide-by-four” correction for
SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; this
adjustment was performed outside SMOKE with in-house Fortran programs.
No county/province-specific correction factors were available for Canada

Nonroad Sources

File: NONROAD2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from   HYPERLINK
"ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory" 
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory 

Mobile Sources

File: MOBILE2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained from   HYPERLINK
"ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory" 
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/canada_2000inventory 

Fugitive dust correction: applied “divide-by-four” correction for
SCC’s listed at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/invent/index.html#dust ; this
adjustment was performed outside of SMOKE with in-house Fortran
programs. No county/province-specific correction factors were available
for Canada.

Point Sources

There has long been difficulty in obtaining an up-to-date Canadian
criteria emissions inventory for point sources. This is due largely to
confidentiality rights afforded to Canadian facilities. Thus far, the
most recent inventory of Canadian point sources is rooted in the 1985
NAPAP data and is close to two decades old.  Because there are a number
of high emitting industrial facilities in southern Canada it is of
particular importance to have a reasonably accurate inventory of these
sources especially when modeling air quality over the Northeast and
Midwest United States.  Toward this end, an effort was made to obtain
more recent Canadian point source data and incorporate it into an
inventory database, which could then be used for the 2002 OTC air
quality modeling.

Perhaps the most accurate and publicly accessible source of Canadian
pollutant data is now available from the National Pollutant Release
Inventory (NPRI) database. This database contains 268 substances. 
Facilities that manufacture, process or otherwise use one of these
substances and that meet reporting thresholds are required to report
these emissions to Environment Canada on an annual basis. The NPRI data
are available at Environment Canada’s website and can be found at the
link   HYPERLINK "http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm" 
http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm . The page hosts an on-line
search engine where one can locate emissions by pollutant or location.
In addition, the entire database is available for download as an MS
Access or Excel file. The NPRI database contains numerous pages with a
rather comprehensive list of information.  Detailed information is
available about each facility, including location, activity and annual
emissions. In addition, facilities having stacks with a height of 50
meters or more are required to report stack parameters.  

Unfortunately, one of the limitations of the NPRI database for modeling
purposes is that the data are only available at the facility level.
Emissions models require process level information, so in order to use
this data, a few generalizations had to be made. Each facility has a
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code associated with it;
however, emissions models require Source Classification Codes (SCC’s).
SCC’s are of critical importance as the emissions models use these
codes for assignment of temporal and speciation profiles. SIC codes
describe the general activity of a facility while SCC codes describe
specific processes taking place at each facility. While no direct
relationship exists between these two codes, a general albeit subjective
association can be made.  

For the purposes of creating a model-ready inventory file it was
necessary to obtain the whole NPRI database.  After merging all the
necessary components from the NPRI database required in the SMOKE
inventory file, the SIC code from each facility was examined and
assigned an SCC code. In most cases, only a SCC3 level code was assigned
with confidence. While this is admittedly a less than desirable process,
it does allow for the use of the most recent emissions from the NPRI
database to be used in modeling. Furthermore, having some level of SCC
associated with these emissions will ensure that they will be assigned a
temporal and speciation profile by the model, other than the default.
Once the model-ready inventory file was developed, it was processed
through SMOKE. 

Mobile6 Processing

MANE-VU

Mobile6 input files

Month-specific input files were prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and were
downloaded from
http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANE-VU/onroad_ver3_update/MAN
EVU_V3_update.tar

Added the line “REBUILD EFFECTS    :0.10” to each file before the
SCENARIO record to override the Mobile6 default setting of 0.9 (90%) for
the “chip reflash” effectiveness

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files were prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and
were downloaded from
http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANE-VU/onroad_ver3_update/MAN
EVU_V3_update.tar

Temperature averaging

Following the setting in the MANEVU_2002_mvref.txt files, the following
procedures were used by SMOKE for temporal and spatial temperature
averaging in the calculation of emission factors:

Spatial averaging: temperatures were averaged over all counties that
share a common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

Temporal averaging for May – September emissions processing: no
temporal averaging was used, i.e. day-specific temperatures were used to
calculate emission factors for each day.

Temporal averaging for non-summer-months emissions processing: Temporal
averaging over the duration of the episode (i.e. the entire month, see
introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average temperatures were used to
calculate the emission factors.

CENRAP

Mobile6 input files

Mobile6 input files for the CENRAP region for January and July were
contained in the files central_M6_{MMM}.zip, north_M6_{MMM}.zip,
south_M6_{MMM}.zip, west_M6_{MMM}.zip where {MMM} is either jan or jul.
July input files were used for April – September processing, while
January input files were used for the remaining months

All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files were contained in the files
central_M6_RD.zip, north_M6_RD.zip, south_M6_RD.zip, and west_M6_RD.zip.
The SMOKE MCREF, MVREF, and MCODES files were contained in the file
MOBILESMOKE_Inputs.zip. The MCREF and MVREF files were combined for the
different regions (“central”, “east”, “west”, “north”)

All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

Temperature averaging

The following procedures were used by SMOKE for temporal and spatial
temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according
to the setting in the mvref files:

Spatial averaging: no spatial averaging of temperatures, i.e. the
temperatures for the reference county is used to calculate emission
factors for all counties that share this reference county (i.e. Mobile6
input file)

Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode
(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average
temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.

VISTAS

Mobile6 input files

Month-specific Mobile6 input files were obtained from the Alpine
Geophysics ftp site in July 2006. They reflect version BaseG of the
VISTAS inventory.

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files utilized were obtained from the Alpine
Geophysics ftp site in July 2006. They reflect version BaseG of the
VISTAS inventory.  

Temperature averaging

The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the temporal and spatial
temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according
to the setting in the mvref_baseg.36k.ag.txt file:

Spatial averaging: temperatures averaged over all counties that share a
common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode
(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average
temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.

MRPO

Mobile6 input files

Month-specific Mobile6 input files for SMOKE modeling were generated by
Alpine Geophysics through a contract from MARAMA. They are based on
version BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The files were downloaded from the
MARAMA ftp site   HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org 
(username mane-vu, password exchange) in May 2006.

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files for SMOKE modeling were generated by
Alpine Geophysics through a contract from MARAMA. They are based on
version BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The files were downloaded from the
MARAMA ftp site   HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org 
(username mane-vu, password exchange) in May 2006.  

Temperature averaging

The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the temporal and spatial
temperature averaging in the calculation of emission factors according
to the setting in the mvreg_mrpo_basek.txt file:

Spatial averaging: temperatures averaged over all counties that share a
common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)

Temporal averaging: Temporal averaging over the duration of the episode
(i.e. the entire month, see introduction) was used, i.e. monthly average
temperatures were used to calculate the emission factors.

Biogenic Emission Processing

Hourly gridded biogenic emissions for the 12 km and 36 km modeling
domains were calculated by BEIS3.12 through SMOKE, using MCIP-processed
MM5 fields for temperature (“TA”, layer-1 temperature), solar
radiation (“RGRND”), surface pressure (“PRES”), and
precipitation (“RN” and “RC”). A ‘seasonal switch’ file was
generated by the SMOKE utility metscan to determine whether winter or
summer emission factors should be used for any given grid cell on any
given day. Winter emission factors are used from January 1st through the
date of the last frost and again from the data of the first frost in
fall through December 31st. Summer emission factors are used for the
time period in between. This calculation is performed separately for
each grid cell.

Temporal Allocation

MANE-VU

Area and nonroad sources

Generated as part of the MANE-VU version 1 inventory

amptpro.m3.us+can.manevu.030205.txt

amptref.m3.manevu.012405.txt

downloaded from   HYPERLINK "ftp://ftp.marama.org"  ftp.marama.org 
(username mane-vu, password exchange) in January 2005

Mobile sources

MANEVU_2002_mtpro_02022006_addCT.txt

MANEVU_2002_mtref_02022006_addCT.txt

prepared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and downloaded from
http://bronze.nescaum.org/Private/junghun/MANE-VU/onroad_ver3_update/MAN
EVU_V3_update.tar 

Point Sources

Based on the same files as for the MANE-VU area and nonroad temporal
files listed above, but added the CEM-based 2002 state-specific temporal
profiles and cross-references for EGU sources for the MANE-VU states
that were generated by VISTAS for their BaseD modeling and obtained in
February 2005.

No CEM-based hour-specific EGU emissions were utilized

CENRAP

The following temporal profiles and cross-reference files were used:

Area and nonroad sources:

amptpro.m3.us+can.cenrap.010605_incl_nrd.txt

amptref.m3.cenrap.010605_add_nh3_and_nrd.txt

Mobile sources:

mtpro.cenrap.v3.txt

mtref.cenrap.v3.txt

Point sources:

ptpro.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem.00-03avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for
January/February/March, Q2 for April/May/June, etc.

ptref.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem.00-03avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for
January/February/March, Q2 for April/May/June, etc.

All files were downloaded from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006.

VISTAS

The following month-specific temporal profiles and cross-reference files
were used:

Area and nonroad sources:

atpro_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt

atref_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt

Mobile sources:

mtpro_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt

mtref_us_can_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt

Point sources:

ptpro_typ_{MMM}_vistasg_28jun2006.txt where {MMM} is jan, feb, mar, etc.

ptref_typ_vistas_baseg_28jun2006.txt

These files were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp site. They
reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory for the point source
allocation files and version BaseF for the area, nonroad, and mobile
source allocation files. These files were downloaded between February
and July, 2006.

MRPO

The following month-specific temporal profiles and cross-reference files
were used for all source categories:

amptpro_typ_us_can_{MMM}_vistas_27nov04.txt where {MMM} is jan, feb,
mar, etc.

 amptref_2002_us_can_vistas_17dec04.txt

These files were obtained from VISTAS in January 2005 and reflect their
BaseD modeling. No updated temporal profiles or cross-reference files
were developed for use with the MRPO BaseK inventory.

Canada 

For Canada, the SMOKE2.1 default temporal profiles and cross-reference
files (amptpro.m3.us+can.txt and amptref.m3.us+can.txt) were utilized.

Speciation

The same speciation profiles (gspro.cmaq.cb4p25.txt) and
cross-references (gsref.cmaq.cb4p25.txt) were utilized for all regions
and all source categories. Different versions of these files were
obtained (SMOKE2.1 default, EPA-CAIR modeling, VISTAS, CENRAP and
MANE-VU) and compared. After comparing the creation dates and header
lines of these files, it was determined that the EPA-CAIR and MANE-VU
files had the most recent updates, and consequently the final speciation
profile and cross-reference files used for all regions and source
categories was based on the EPA-CAIR files with the addition of MANE-VU
specific updates.

Spatial Allocation

U.S.

The spatial surrogates for the 12 km  domain were extracted from the
national grid 12 km U.S. gridding surrogates posted at EPA’s website
at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html 

The gridding cross-references were also obtained from this website, but
for the processing of MANE-VU area source emissions, MANE-VU specific
cross-reference entries posted on the MARAMA ftp site were added.

Canada

The spatial surrogates for Canadian emissions for the 12 km domain were
extracted from the national grid 12 km Canadian gridding surrogates
posted at EPA’s website at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/newsurrogate.html 

The gridding cross-references were also obtained from this website.

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