TSD-1b

Processing of Biogenic Emissions for OTC / MANE-VU Modeling

Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research

Division of Air Resources

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Albany, NY 12233

September 19, 2006

Biogenic emissions for the time period from January 1, 2002 – December
31, 2002 were calculated by NYSDEC using the Biogenic Emissions
Inventory System (BEIS) version 3.12 integrated within SMOKE2.1. General
information about BEIS is available at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/AMD/biogen.html"  http://www.epa.gov/AMD/biogen.html
 while documentation about biogenic emissions processing within SMOKE2.1
is available at   HYPERLINK
"http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch06s10.html"
 http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch06s10.html 
and   HYPERLINK
"http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch06s17.html"
 http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch06s17.html 
. Note that the SMOKE documentation refers to BEIS3.09 and has not yet
been updated for BEIS3.12. This affects the number of species modeled as
well as the use of different speciation profiles.  However, the general
processing approach has not changed from BEIS3.09 to BEIS3.12. In short,
this processing approach is as follows and was utilized by NYSDEC for
its biogenic emission processing for 8-hr ozone and PM2.5 modeling:

Normbeis3 reads gridded land use data and emissions factors and produces
gridded normalized biogenic emissions for 34 species/compounds. The
gridded land use includes 230 different land use types. Both summer and
winter emissions factors for each species/compound are provided for each
of the 230 land use types. On output, Normbeis3 generates a file B3GRD
which contains gridded summer and winter emission fluxes for the
modeling domain that are normalized to 30 °C and a photosynthetic
active radiation (PAR) of 1000 µmol/m2s. In addition, gridded summer
and winter leaf area indices (LAI) are also written to B3GRD. 

Tmpbeis3 reads the gridded, normalized emissions file B3GRD and
meteorological data from the MCIP-processed MM5 meteorological fields
generated by the University of Maryland for MANE-VU/OTC modeling.
Specifically, the following MM5/MCIP meteorological variables are used
by Tmpbeis3 to compute hour-specific, gridded biogenic emissions from
the normalized emission fluxed contained in B3GRD: layer-1 air
temperature (“TA”), layer-1 pressure (“PRES”), total incoming
solar radiation at the surface (“RGRND”), and convective (“RC”)
and non-convective (“RN”) rainfall. Additionally, the emissions for
the 34 species/compounds modeled by BEIS3.12 are converted to CO, NO,
and the CB-IV VOC species utilized in CMAQ via the use of the
BEIS3.12-CB-IV speciation profile. In adition, an optional seasonal
switch file, BIOSEASON, was utilized to decide whether to use summer or
winter emissions factors for any given grid cell on any given day. This
file was generated by the SMOKE2.1 utility Metscan based on MM5 layer-1
air temperatures to determine the date of the last spring frost and
first fall frost at each grid cell. Summer emission factors are used by
Tmpbeis3 for the time period between the last spring frost and first
fall frost at any given grid cell, and winter emission factors are used
for the remaining time period. Documentation for the Metscan utility is
available at   HYPERLINK
"http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch05s07.html"
 http://cf.unc.edu/cep/empd/products/smoke/version2.1/html/ch05s07.html 
. An animated GIF file showing the BIOSEASON file used by NYSDEC can be
found at   HYPERLINK
"ftp://ftp.dec.state.ny.us/dar/air_research/chogrefe/biog_reports/b3seas
on_movie.gif" 
ftp://ftp.dec.state.ny.us/dar/air_research/chogrefe/biog_reports/b3seaso
n_movie.gif 

For reporting purposes, the hourly, speciated, gridded emissions were
aggregated to the county level for each day. For any given grid cell,
emissions are distributed among the counties intersecting this grid cell
in proportion to the area of each of these counties within the grid
cell. The area gridding surrogates needed for this aggregration are
based on a file obtained from EPA via   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/new/bgpro.12km_041604.us.gz" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/spatial/new/bgpro.12km_041604.us.gz 
followed by windowing for the MANE-VU/OTC modeling domain.

Table 1	County and State totals of estimated biogenic emissions (tpy)

State	FIPS	County	NO	CO	 VOC



	[TPY]	[TPY]	[TPY]







	Connecticut	009001	Fairfield   	52	894	7150

	009003	Hartford   	88	915	8537

	009005	Litchfield   	98	1261	12221

	009007	Middlesex   	54	615	5587

	009009	New Haven   	80	876	7544

	009011	New London   	74	906	8960

	009013	Tolland   	55	651	5999

	009015	Windham   	60	772	8019

Connecticut

TOTAL	560	6889	64017







	Deleware	010001	Kent   	308	1354	15912

	010003	New Castle   	143	875	8834

	010005	Sussex   	539	2045	21595

Deleware

TOTAL	990	4274	46342







	DC	011001	Washington	30	150	1726

DC

TOTAL	30	150	1726







	Maine	023001	Androscoggin   	35	885	8204

	023003	Aroostook   	741	15531	140877

	023005	Cumberland   	49	1298	11528

	023007	Franklin   	72	3269	32111

	023009	Hancock   	66	2950	27090

	023011	Kennebec   	73	1425	12849

	023013	Knox   	30	689	6680

	023015	Lincoln   	32	849	8072

	023017	Oxford   	79	3224	34189

	023019	Penobscot   	211	7249	63128

	023021	Piscataquis   	146	8638	80748

	023023	Sagadahoc   	37	526	4504

	023025	Somerset   	173	8413	77850

	023027	Waldo   	57	1833	18125

	023029	Washington   	144	6459	58678

	023031	York   	73	1698	15571

Maine

TOTAL	2018	64936	600203







	Maryland	024001	Allegany   	63	661	8664

	024003	Anne Arundel   	79	945	12786

	024005	Baltimore   	166	847	8102

	024009	Calvert   	59	798	10048

	024011	Caroline   	202	648	7907

	024013	Carroll   	189	822	7853

	024015	Cecil   	86	654	10093

	024017	Charles   	78	1079	15042

	024019	Dorchester   	134	829	10337

	024021	Frederick   	204	1123	10964

	024023	Garrett   	102	930	11391

	024025	Harford   	141	911	9053

	024027	Howard   	75	562	4460

	024029	Kent   	177	498	4761

	024031	Montgomery   	134	813	6786

	024033	Prince Georges   	87	732	10214

	024035	Queen Annes   	222	684	7146

	024037	St Marys   	99	886	10793

	024039	Somerset   	58	498	5796

	024041	Talbot   	131	495	5225

	024043	Washington   	112	781	7538

	024045	Wicomico 	124	796	10304

	024047	Worcester   	158	1121	13079

	024510	Baltimore	54	235	1762

Maryland

TOTAL	2934	18350	210104







	Massachusetts	025001	Barnstable   	261	668	5905

	025003	Berkshire   	73	1182	11029

	025005	Bristol   	107	753	7142

	025007	Dukes   	115	252	1728

	025009	Essex   	55	794	7128

	025011	Franklin   	61	1031	9424

	025013	Hampden   	51	904	9201

	025015	Hampshire   	61	820	7056

	025017	Middlesex   	68	1085	11630

	025019	Nantucket   	56	159	1362

	025021	Norfolk   	49	615	5513

	025023	Plymouth   	170	1197	11876

	025025	Suffolk   	26	177	1351

	025027	Worcester   	103	1955	23612

Massachusetts

TOTAL	1257	11594	113957







	New Hampshire	033001	Belknap   	25	693	6915

	033003	Carroll   	40	1512	14981

	033005	Cheshire   	49	1019	10099

	033007	Coos   	72	3239	33668

	033009	Grafton   	91	2442	23151

	033011	Hillsborough   	48	1337	14503

	033013	Merrimack   	48	1314	13566

	033015	Rockingham   	39	1120	10080

	033017	Strafford   	25	686	6617

	033019	Sullivan   	45	943	8314

New Hampshire

TOTAL	482	14306	141894







	New Jersey	034001	Atlantic   	135	1225	18890

	034003	Bergen   	37	239	2455

	034005	Burlington   	151	1827	25255

	034007	Camden   	68	491	7751

	034009	Cape May   	90	566	7763

	034011	Cumberland   	122	773	10699

	034013	Essex   	57	199	1831

	034015	Gloucester   	119	556	8444

	034017	Hudson   	26	125	701

	034019	Hunterdon   	81	706	5743

	034021	Mercer   	85	475	4889

	034023	Middlesex   	98	456	5267

	034025	Monmouth   	125	1152	15423

	034027	Morris   	63	604	7288

	034029	Ocean   	128	1871	27063

	034031	Passaic   	41	339	3841

	034033	Salem   	123	535	8304

	034035	Somerset   	49	518	5548

	034037	Sussex   	67	718	7768

	034039	Union   	21	168	2191

	034041	Warren   	125	517	4505

New Jersey

TOTAL	1813	14058	181618







	New York	036001	Albany   	59	730	6253

	036003	Allegany   	129	1218	9526

	036005	Bronx   	25	100	657

	036007	Broome   	107	879	7861

	036009	Cattaraugus   	148	1654	13540

	036011	Cayuga   	227	986	7928

	036013	Chautauqua   	202	1260	8144

	036015	Chemung   	88	521	3911

	036017	Chenango   	149	1120	7833

	036019	Clinton   	138	1631	13341

	036021	Columbia   	96	896	8484

	036023	Cortland   	101	616	4280

	036025	Delaware   	133	1672	13435

	036027	Dutchess   	90	1096	10288

	036029	Erie   	165	1127	6898

	036031	Essex   	94	2547	20888

	036033	Franklin   	228	2337	17197

	036035	Fulton   	90	764	5275

	036037	Genesee   	201	645	3993

	036039	Greene   	47	886	8182

	036041	Hamilton   	78	2092	16056

	036043	Herkimer   	175	1783	12846

	036045	Jefferson   	251	1754	12503

	036047	Kings   	15	60	309

	036049	Lewis   	154	1693	12116

	036051	Livingston   	222	888	6048

	036053	Madison   	149	1049	7528

	036055	Monroe   	223	990	6237

	036057	Montgomery   	106	579	4715

	036059	Nassau   	81	408	2859

	036061	New York   	16	76	473

	036063	Niagara   	335	940	5182

	036065	Oneida   	214	1515	10021

	036067	Onondaga   	171	929	6259

	036069	Ontario   	178	767	6024

	036071	Orange   	110	1065	13024

	036073	Orleans   	195	635	3314

	036075	Oswego   	119	1277	7911

	036077	Otsego   	157	1190	7958

	036079	Putnam   	32	473	5243

	036081	Queens   	20	105	543

	036083	Rensselaer   	96	894	7316

	036085	Richmond   	47	173	1292

	036087	Rockland   	26	300	4006

	036089	St. Lawrence   	376	3876	28960

	036091	Saratoga   	76	1125	9010

	036093	Schenectady   	39	377	3032

	036095	Schoharie   	95	737	5496

	036097	Schuyler   	87	438	3193

	036099	Seneca   	127	438	3305

	036101	Steuben   	267	1475	12085

	036103	Suffolk   	368	1328	12886

	036105	Sullivan   	76	1325	12538

	036107	Tioga   	102	730	5400

	036109	Tompkins   	96	576	4128

	036111	Ulster   	82	1493	15714

	036113	Warren   	46	1396	11568

	036115	Washington   	183	1109	8355

	036117	Wayne   	270	920	5940

	036119	Westchester   	35	549	5347

	036121	Wyoming   	194	720	3813

	036123	Yates   	107	507	4017

New York

TOTAL	8313	63436	492483







	Pennsylvania	042001	Adams   	186	892	8926

	042003	Allegheny   	182	948	6727

	042005	Armstrong   	108	940	9955

	042007	Beaver   	69	600	4895

	042009	Bedford   	128	1249	14127

	042011	Berks   	280	1377	14146

	042013	Blair   	91	729	7579

	042015	Bradford   	224	1265	9423

	042017	Bucks   	144	954	8399

	042019	Butler   	149	1032	8602

	042021	Cambria   	128	805	6545

	042023	Cameron   	25	627	7563

	042025	Carbon   	53	585	8121

	042027	Centre   	158	1344	16886

	042029	Chester   	264	1176	10474

	042031	Clarion   	85	848	10743

	042033	Clearfield   	149	1368	13267

	042035	Clinton   	71	1230	18191

	042037	Columbia   	106	802	9080

	042039	Crawford   	204	1297	10839

	042041	Cumberland   	193	816	9505

	042043	Dauphin   	116	799	8502

	042045	Delaware   	35	410	3250

	042047	Elk   	49	949	8921

	042049	Erie   	199	1107	8273

	042051	Fayette   	156	1087	9277

	042053	Forest   	26	577	7122

	042055	Franklin   	271	1057	10296

	042057	Fulton   	93	744	9341

	042059	Greene   	91	830	6966

	042061	Huntingdon   	135	1093	12606

	042063	Indiana   	144	1078	9156

	042065	Jefferson   	101	865	7362

	042067	Juniata   	79	588	8263

	042069	Lackawanna   	58	586	5569

	042071	Lancaster   	464	1299	9565

	042073	Lawrence   	114	503	3755

	042075	Lebanon   	155	623	5827

	042077	Lehigh   	149	594	6040

	042079	Luzerne   	75	1013	13215

	042081	Lycoming   	152	1457	16633

	042083	Mc Kean   	57	1044	7113

	042085	Mercer   	175	865	7114

	042087	Mifflin   	107	620	7508

	042089	Monroe   	75	773	8856

	042091	Montgomery   	106	812	6736

	042093	Montour   	85	321	3306

	042095	Northampton   	144	506	4416

	042097	Northumberland   	92	570	6340

	042099	Perry   	113	804	10216

	042101	Philadelphia   	29	194	1420

	042103	Pike   	37	757	9946

	042105	Potter   	89	1129	9027

	042107	Schuylkill   	123	1050	15001

	042109	Snyder   	88	538	6373

	042111	Somerset   	221	1251	11228

	042113	Sullivan   	45	684	5112

	042115	Susquehanna   	126	978	6448

	042117	Tioga   	176	1313	10942

	042119	Union   	71	541	6435

	042121	Venango   	72	855	9086

	042123	Warren   	76	1031	7352

	042125	Washington   	166	1068	7429

	042127	Wayne   	89	862	5954

	042129	Westmoreland   	199	1297	10589

	042131	Wyoming   	60	551	4634

	042133	York   	366	1393	12758

Pennsylvania

TOTAL	8645	59945	585271







	Rhode Island	044001	Bristol   	40	90	441

	044003	Kent   	41	328	3471

	044005	Newport   	37	183	1646

	044007	Providence   	39	591	6901

	044009	Washington   	54	572	6775

Rhode Island

TOTAL	211	1764	19233







	Vermont	050001	Addison   	186	922	6274

	050003	Bennington   	43	896	7349

	050005	Caledonia   	58	1149	10239

	050007	Chittenden   	74	606	3633

	050009	Essex   	61	1315	11795

	050011	Franklin   	208	971	5927

	050013	Grand Isle   	50	490	3506

	050015	Lamoille   	36	727	5627

	050017	Orange   	57	1182	10120

	050019	Orleans   	120	1570	12842

	050021	Rutland   	102	1257	9867

	050023	Washington   	47	1099	9502

	050025	Windham   	42	1232	10898

	050027	Windsor   	57	1330	10796

Vermont

TOTAL	1142	14745	118376







	Virginia	051001	Accomack   	187	959	9472

	051003	Albemarle   	140	1246	12533

	051005	Alleghany   	35	522	7369

	051007	Amelia   	70	915	10717

	051009	Amherst   	80	905	10823

	051011	Appomattox   	76	830	10447

	051013	Arlington   	17	64	531

	051015	Augusta   	135	1049	13291

	051017	Bath   	46	771	11636

	051019	Bedford   	189	1279	13052

	051021	Bland   	41	515	7097

	051023	Botetourt   	74	780	10211

	051025	Brunswick   	98	1458	18254

	051027	Buchanan   	32	722	9557

	051029	Buckingham   	76	1287	18830

	051031	Campbell   	112	1078	12933

	051033	Caroline   	73	1173	16020

	051035	Carroll   	132	634	6885

	051036	Charles City   	93	415	4711

	051037	Charlotte   	84	1219	14277

	051041	Chesterfield   	69	802	10686

	051043	Clarke   	56	369	4009

	051045	Craig   	39	538	7314

	051047	Culpeper   	105	894	10720

	051049	Cumberland   	56	814	10677

	051051	Dickenson   	20	550	6910

	051053	Dinwiddie   	82	1207	16511

	051057	Essex   	58	671	7403

	051059	Fairfax   	111	533	5538

	051061	Fauquier   	150	1166	14084

	051063	Floyd   	47	593	6493

	051065	Fluvanna   	54	775	10756

	051067	Franklin   	119	1297	15933

	051069	Frederick   	64	588	8798

	051071	Giles   	38	508	4918

	051073	Gloucester   	32	510	5945

	051075	Goochland   	47	670	10392

	051077	Grayson   	60	627	8260

	051079	Greene   	57	434	5727

	051081	Greensville   	63	735	9009

	051083	Halifax   	201	1852	22730

	051085	Hanover   	91	950	12493

	051087	Henri     	81	427	5468

	051089	Henry   	59	805	9772

	051091	Highland   	44	608	8579

	051093	Isle Of Wight   	178	813	8049

	051095	James City   	41	314	3989

	051097	King And Queen   	77	673	7615

	051099	King George   	62	540	6111

	051101	King William   	102	712	7846

	051103	Lancaster   	33	311	3669

	051105	Lee   	97	680	7221

	051107	Loudoun   	137	942	8999

	051109	Louisa   	78	1142	16780

	051111	Lunenberg   	88	1108	13611

	051113	Madison   	70	598	7305

	051115	Mathews   	27	367	4025

	051117	Mecklenburg   	145	1478	18507

	051119	Middlesex   	42	480	5561

	051121	Montgomery   	70	501	5366

	051125	Nelson   	67	979	12465

	051127	New Kent   	35	600	8240

	051131	Northampton   	90	263	2019

	051133	Northumberland   	88	778	9298

	051135	Nottoway   	74	894	10670

	051137	Orange   	98	759	8265

	051139	Page   	77	540	6705

	051141	Patrick   	75	884	10255

	051143	Pittsylvania   	203	1806	22102

	051145	Powhatan   	47	675	10194

	051147	Prince Edward   	69	942	12042

	051149	Prince George   	73	572	6484

	051153	Prince William   	38	718	10979

	051155	Pulaski   	61	450	6510

	051157	Rappahannock   	61	521	7141

	051159	Richmond   	63	383	4548

	051161	Roanoke   	63	427	5278

	051163	Rockbridge   	101	813	9710

	051165	Rockingham   	189	1020	12959

	051167	Russell   	56	703	7975

	051169	Scott   	95	753	9943

	051171	Shenandoah   	117	757	10570

	051173	Smyth   	78	603	7159

	051175	Southampton   	177	1306	15588

	051177	Spotsylvania   	46	911	12575

	051179	Stafford   	27	637	8344

	051181	Surry   	85	784	10024

	051183	Sussex   	102	1267	16362

	051185	Tazewell   	77	639	7477

	051187	Warren   	44	438	6310

	051191	Washington   	142	632	6822

	051193	Westmoreland   	101	777	9357

	051195	Wise   	35	462	5685

	051197	Wythe   	109	596	7803

	051199	York   	35	271	3423

	051510	Alexandria	38	145	1065

	051515	Bedford	22	101	604

	051520	Bristol	37	135	1220

	051530	Buena Vista	6	43	381

	051540	Charlottesville	18	98	528

	051550	Chesapeake	71	666	8477

	051560	Clifton Forge	27	61	436

	051570	Colonial Heights	35	88	662

	051580	Covington	24	114	1605

	051590	Danville	55	343	3405

	051595	Emporia	19	234	3300

	051600	Fairfax	18	96	1518

	051610	Falls Church	16	98	1120

	051620	Franklin	66	142	1041

	051630	Fredericksburg	14	250	3012

	051640	Galax	45	94	519

	051650	Hampton	24	127	1112

	051660	Harrisonburg	73	143	746

	051670	Hopewell	26	79	711

	051678	Lexington	8	62	620

	051680	Lynchburg	45	250	2135

	051683	Manassas	17	86	743

	051685	Manassas Park	17	50	268

	051690	Martinsville	19	190	1625

	051700	Newport News	63	231	2187

	051710	Norfolk	42	197	2692

	051720	Norton	13	120	1305

	051730	Petersburg	58	171	1419

	051735	Poquoson	17	122	1351

	051740	Portsmouth	34	285	3215

	051750	Radford	27	76	609

	051760	Richmond	29	239	3517

	051770	Roanoke	33	91	770

	051775	Salem	14	61	568

	051790	Staunton	69	205	1550

	051800	Suffolk	118	964	11269

	051810	Virginia Beach	186	924	8724

	051820	Waynesboro	43	120	895

	051830	Williamsburg	3	38	446

	051840	Winchester	42	117	772

Virginia

TOTAL	9267	80615	981848

















