
                                                                      June 2011
                                       








Correlation of Recycling Damage Cases with Regulatory Exclusions, Exemptions or Alternative Standards


















               Materials Recovery and Waste Management Division 
                 Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery
                     U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Introduction

Damage Case Information Collected for Environmental Problems Study
   *  Name, location and EPA Identification Number
   *  Types of materials recycled
   *  Government program responsible for overseeing cleanup of the site (e.g. RCRA Corrective Action, Superfund)
   *  Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) status
   *  Brief description of the site
   *  Site history, including when the recycling occurred, and when the environmental damage occurred
   *  Description of the recycling process
   *  Types of environmental damage 
   *  Cause of environmental damage
   *  Human health impacts, including deaths, associated with the damage
   *  Prosecutions for criminal violations
   *  Whether the materials were recycled on-site (i.e., at the generating facility) or  offsite
   *  Whether the recycler went bankrupt or otherwise went out of business
   *  Whether the recycling facility had a RCRA Part B permit for managing hazardous wastes
   *  Cost of cleanup
   *  Other information that could help identify why the environmental damage occurred
This report presents the results of an analysis of hazardous secondary material recycling-related damage cases that are likely correlated with an exclusion, exemption or alternative standard in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste management regulations found in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR Parts 260-279).  
As part of the 2008 rulemaking revising the Definition of Solid Waste (DSW) regulations, EPA developed a report, An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials and its addendums (Environmental Problems Study) that includes 223 damage cases.  As described in the Environmental Problems Study, EPA used the following criteria to designate damage cases:

   * Environmental damage can be attributed to some type of recycling activity; 
   * Some form of environmental damage appears to have occurred during or after the year 1982; and,
   * The material recycled was regulated hazardous wastes, or hazardous secondary materials that are specifically excluded from RCRA regulation. 

Additional details about the methodology used to identify and collect information about the damage cases, and the information collected, is contained in the Environmental Problems Study and addendums.

In response to concerns raised by the Sierra Club and other environmental organizations, EPA is asking for comment on potential revisions to the 2008 DSW final rule. As part of this new 2011 rulemaking, EPA further analyzed the damage cases identified in the Environmental Problems Study to determine whether the damage cases were likely associated with an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard within the hazardous waste management regulations. EPA is using this analysis to help assess whether certain exclusions, exemptions, or alternate standards are adequately protecting human health and the environment.

Methodology

The majority of exclusions, exemptions, and alternate standards for recycling hazardous secondary materials do not include notification requirements. This lack of data hinders EPA's ability to collect information regarding what regulations a specific facility was operating under when damage occurred.  Because this information is limited, the Agency developed a methodology that correlates the type of hazardous secondary materials identified in the damage cases to regulations that likely governed the management of the material. This methodology allows EPA to identify patterns related to the types of hazardous secondary material involved in damage cases and whether those materials were likely to be managed under an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard.

Step 1  Identify RCRA regulations associated with recycling of hazardous secondary materials EPA reviewed the RCRA Subtitle C hazardous waste regulations to identify those regulations that are associated with hazardous waste recycling. Each regulation was also listed with the effective date of the regulation.  These regulations include recycling-related exclusions to the definition of solid waste under 40 CFR 261.4(a), recycling-related exemptions from the definition of hazardous waste under 40 CFR 261.6, and alternate standards for recycling, such as 40 CFR Part 266 Subpart F (precious metal recycling). 40 CFR 261.7,which excludes residues of hazardous waste in empty containers, was also included because this regulation is largely associated with drum recycling.  The recycling-related regulations used in this analysis are shown in Table 1.

EPA excluded some recycling-related regulations that were not specific to a type of hazardous secondary material. For example, 261.2 (e), Materials that are not solid waste when reused, is broadly applicable to many recycled materials, and could not be associated with any particular material in the damage cases and thus was not included in Table 1.


Step 2  Categorize the type of hazardous secondary material for each damage case 
Recycled Materials from Damage Case Database
   *   Batteries
   *   Commercial chemical product
   *   Drums
   *   Spent solvents
   *   Spent acids/bases
   *   Used oil
   *   Other petroleum wastes
   *   Scrap metals
   *   Precious metal-containing wastes
   *   Mercury-containing wastes
   *   Other metal-bearing wastes
   *   Other wastes (foundry sands, pollution control dusts, smelting wastes, combustion ash, asphaltic wastes and other wastes that do not fit any of the above waste descriptions)
EPA categorized the hazardous secondary materials managed in the damage cases into 12 major hazardous secondary material types, based on the information from the Environmental Problems Study and Addendums. These material types are listed in the box to the right.  EPA identified one or more of these materials for each damage case.
Step 3  Correlate the list of recycling regulations to the 12 types of hazardous secondary material
EPA then correlated the list of recycling-related regulations in Table 1 to the 12 hazardous secondary material types identified in Step 2. The results of this correlation are listed in Table 1.
 
Step 4  Evaluate the likelihood of correlation between hazardous secondary material type to each regulation. 
EPA then evaluated whether each correlation was either "likely" or "potential," based on the following criteria:

      *   Likely  -   Correlations were evaluated to be "likely" if the regulations identified a specific hazardous secondary material type that fit with one of the 12 hazardous secondary material types in the damage cases. For example, damage cases where the recycled material is identified as "batteries" are considered to be likely correlated with 40 CFR 273.2 & Part 266 Subpart G  -  Batteries.  
  
      *   Potential  - Correlations were evaluated to be "potential" if the hazardous secondary material type correlated with a regulation was determined to be too broad to make any direct conclusions. For example, 261.4(a)(7),  Spent Sulfuric Acid  is correlated with "spent acids/bases"; however, there are many other types of acids and bases and thus we cannot reasonably assume that all damage cases associated with spent acids and bases involve spent sulfuric acid.  
    


Table 1.  Correlations between Recycling-Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous Secondary Material (HSM) in the Damage Cases 
                               40 CFR Regulation
                                   Published
                                     Date
                        Federal Register (FR) Citation
                         Type of HSM in Damage Cases 
                                  Match Type
261.2(c)(3)CCP  -  Reclaimed Commercial Chemical Products
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Commercial chemical product
Potential
261.4(a)(6) - Pulping liquors 
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Other wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(7) - Spent sulfuric acid
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Spent acids/bases
Potential
261.4(a)(9) - Spent wood preservatives
12/6/1990
55 FR 50450 - Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste (Final)
Other wastes; Other metal-bearing wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(10) - Coke by-product wastes
2/21/1991
56 FR 7134 - Burning Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Final)
Other wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(11) - Splash condenser dross residue
8/19/1991
56 FR 41164 - Land Disposal Restrictions for Electric Arc Furnace Dust (Final)
Other metal-bearing wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(12) - Hazardous oil-bearing secondary materials and recovered oil from petroleum refining operations
7/28/1994
59 FR 38536 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Other petroleum wastes
Likely
261.4(a)(13) - Processed scrap metal
5/12/1997
See 62 FR 25998 - Land Disposal Restrictions--Phase IV (Final)
Scrap metals
Likely
261.4(a)(14) - Shredded circuit boards
5/12/1997
62 FR 25998 - Land Disposal Restrictions--Phase IV (Final)
Scrap metals
Potential
261.4(a)(15) - Condensates from kraft mill steam strippers
4/15/1998
63 FR 18504 - National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Category: Pulp and Paper Production (Final)
Other wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(16) - Comparable fuels

6/19/1998

63 FR 33782 - RCRA Comparable Fuel Exclusion (Final)

Used oil
Potential
261.4(a)(17) - Mineral processing spent materials
5/26/1998
63 FR 28555 - LDR Phase IV, Treatment Standards for Mineral Processing Wastes (Final)
Other wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(18) - Petrochemical recovered oil

8/6/1998

63 FR 42110 - Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste (Final)
63 FR 42110 - Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste (Final)
Used oil; Other petroleum wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(19) - Spent caustic solutions from petroleum refining

8/6/1998

63 FR 42110 - Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste (Final)
Spent acids/bases; Other petroleum wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(20) - Hazardous secondary materials used to make zinc fertilizers
7/24/2002
67 FR 48393 - Zinc Fertilizers Made From Recycled Hazardous Secondary Materials (Final)
Other metal-bearing wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(21) - Zinc fertilizers made from recycled hazardous secondary materials
7/24/2002
67 FR 48393 - Zinc Fertilizers Made From Recycled Hazardous Secondary Materials (Final)
Other metal-bearing wastes
Potential
261.4(a)(22) - Used cathode ray tubes (CRTs)
7/28/2006
71 FR 42928 - Cathode Ray Tubes (Final)
Other metal-bearing wastes
Potential
261.4(b)(12) - Spent chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants
2/13/1991
56 FR 5910 -- Interim Final Rule - Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste; Toxicity Characteristic.
Spent solvents
Potential
261.4(b)(13) - Used oil filters
5/20/1992
57 FR 21524 - Hazardous Waste Management System; General; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste; Used Oil (Final)
Scrap metals
Potential
261.4(b)(14) - Used oil distillation bottoms
5/3/1993
58 FR 26420 Final Rule, Technical Amendments and Corrections  -  Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste; Recycled Used Oil Management Standards.
Other petroleum wastes; Used Oil
Potential
261.6(a)(3)(i) - Industrial ethyl alcohol
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Spent solvents
Potential
261.6(a)(3)(ii) - Scrap metal
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Scrap metals
Likely
261.6(a)(3)(iii) - Waste-derived fuels from refining processes
11/29/1985
50 FR 49164 - Burning of Waste Fuel and Used Oil Fuel in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Final)
Used oil; other petroleum wastes
Potential
261.6(a)(3)(iv) - Unrefined waste-derived fuels and oils from petroleum refineries (used oil)
11/29/1985
50 FR 49164 - Burning of Waste Fuel and Used Oil Fuel in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Final)
Used oil; other petroleum wastes
Potential
261.7 - Residues of hazardous waste in empty containers
11/25/1980

45 FR 78529  -  Hazardous Waste Management System; Clarification of Regulations on Hazardous Waste in Containers (etc.) (Final)
Drums
Likely
266 Subpart F - Materials utilized for precious metal recovery
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Precious metal-containing wastes
Likely
273.2 & 266 Subpart G - Batteries
1/4/1985 5/11/1995
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
60 FR 25492 - Universal Waste (Final) 
Batteries
Likely
273.3 - Pesticides
5/11/1995
60 FR 25492 - Universal Waste (Final)
Other wastes
Potential
273.4  -  Mercury Thermostats & Mercury-contained equipment
5/11/1995  -  8/5/2005
60 FR 25492 - Universal Waste (Final)
70 FR 45520- Hazardous Waste Management System; Modification of the Hazardous Waste Program; Mercury Containing Equipment (Final)
Mercury-containing wastes
Likely
273.5 - Lamps
7/6/1999
64 FR 36488  -  Hazardous Waste Management System; Modification of the Hazardous Waste Program; Hazardous Waste Lamps (Final)
Mercury-containing wastes
Potential
279  -  Used Oil
9/10/1992
57 FR 41566  -  Recycled Used Oil Management Standards (Final)
Used Oil
Likely

Step 5  Remove "Potential" correlations
After evaluating the correlations, EPA identified 8 likely correlations and 23 potential correlations (shown in Table 1).  Because the potential correlations are not strong correlations and thus cannot be used to make reasonable assumptions within this analysis,  we did not consider these further in the study. Table 2 includes the 8 likely correlations after the 23 potential correlations are eliminated.


Table 2.  Likely Correlations between Recycling-Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous Secondary Material from Damage Cases
                               40 CFR Regulation
                                Published Date
                        Federal Register (FR) Citation
                          Type of HSM in Damage Cases
                                  Match Type
261.4(a)(12) - Hazardous oil-bearing secondary materials and recovered oil from petroleum refining operations
7/28/1994
59 FR 38536 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Other petroleum wastes
Likely
261.4(a)(13) - Processed scrap metal
5/12/1997
See 62 FR 25998 - Land Disposal Restrictions--Phase IV (Final)
Scrap metals
Likely
261.6(a)(3)(ii) - Scrap metal
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Scrap metals
Likely
261.7 - Residues of hazardous waste in empty containers
11/25/1980

45 FR 78529  -  Hazardous Waste Management System; Clarification of Regulations on Hazardous Waste in Containers (etc.) (Final)
Drums
Likely
266 Subpart F - Materials utilized for precious metal recovery
1/4/1985
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
Precious metal-containing wastes
Likely
273.2  -  Batteries & 266 Subpart G
1/4/1985 
5/11/1995
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid Waste (Final)
60 FR 25492 - Universal Waste (Final) 
Batteries
Likely
273.4  -  Mercury Thermostats & Mercury-contained equipment
5/11/1995  -  8/5/2005
60 FR 25492 - Universal Waste (Final)
70 FR 45520- Hazardous Waste Management System; Modification of the Hazardous Waste Program; Mercury Containing Equipment (Final)
Mercury-containing wastes
Likely
279  -  Used Oil
9/10/1992
57 FR 41566  -  Recycled Used Oil Management Standards (Final)
Used Oil
Likely



Step 6  Identify the start and end dates of the damage in each damage case 
EPA identified the start and end dates for the recycling activities associated with environmental damage for each damage case based on the information from the Environmental Problems Study and Addendums.  For each damage case, EPA reviewed the damage case history and identified the dates on which the damage-related recycling activities began and ended.  Where historical information about damage-related recycling activities was not available, EPA assumed recycling activities began when the facility began operation, and ceased when the facility was abandoned or site operations ceased.  

Step 7  Correlate the damage cases to an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard 
EPA then analyzed which damage cases may be correlated with a regulation by 1) comparing the type of hazardous secondary material in each damage case to whether that type of hazardous secondary material was likely correlated with an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard; and 2) comparing the date of the damage case to the effective date of the regulation. EPA assumed that a damage case was correlated with a regulation where all of the criteria below were met: 

   * The damage case included recycling of a hazardous secondary material that could be correlated to an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard.
   * The correlation between the type of hazardous secondary material and the regulation was determined to be "likely" in Step 4.
   * The regulation was effective when the damage occurred.

Results

118 damage cases out of a total 223 (53%) were found to be likely correlated with one or more regulatory exclusions, exemptions, or alternative standards. Table 3 shows the number of damage cases likely correlated with a specific regulation.  Additionally, Table 4 lists each damage case counted in Table 3 by the type of hazardous secondary material. Table 5 lists the same damage cases ranked alphabetically by state.  

EPA notes that these results potentially underreport damage cases that may be associated with other exclusions, exemptions, or alternative standards. There are two reasons for this: 

   * First, as discussed, these regulations do not require periodic notification to regulatory authorities and thus the Agency has to rely on comparing the type of hazardous secondary materials associated with the damage cases to the type of hazardous secondary material covered by the exclusions, exemptions, or alternate standards. This means we can only conservatively identify correlations where the type of hazardous secondary material very clearly matches to an exclusion (e.g., scrap metal); we lack information to make inferences for broadly applicable exclusions, (e.g., use/reuse) or for broadly defined hazardous secondary materials (e.g., "metal-bearing wastes").  
      
   * Second, we note that in the Environmental Problems Study only nine of the damage cases were operating under a RCRA permit at the time of damage. Thus, the majority of the damage cases were operating outside of RCRA, inferring these facilities were likely operating under an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard. 

Readers seeking more information about a particular damage case are encouraged to consult An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials, U.S. EPA, January 11, 2007 and addendums: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/home.html#documentDetail?R=09000064801f3efb



Table 3: Count of Damage Cases by Type of Recycled Material that are Likely Correlated with a Regulatory Exclusion, Exemption or Alternative Standard
                          Type of Recycled Materials
                          Likely Regulatory Citation
                            Count of Damage Cases*
                           % of Total Damage Cases**
Batteries
40 CFR 273.2 and 40 CFR 266 Subpart G - Spent lead-acid batteries being reclaimed
                                      35
                                     15.7%
Drums
40 CFR 261.7 - Residues of hazardous waste in empty containers
                                      23
                                     10.3%
Mercury-containing wastes
273.4 - Mercury Thermostats & Mercury-contained equipment
                                      10
                                     4.5%
Other petroleum wastes
261.4(a)(12) - Hazardous oil-bearing secondary materials and recovered oil from petroleum refining operations
                                       1
                                     0.4%
Precious metal-containing wastes
40 CFR 266 Subpart F - Materials utilized for precious metal recovery
                                       5
                                     2.2%
Scrap metals
261.4(a)(13) - Processed scrap metal
261.6(a)(3)(ii) - Scrap metal
                                      52
                                     23.3%
Used oil
40 CFR part 279  -  Used Oil
                                       6
                                     2.7%




*Some damage cases are associated with more than one type of recycled material and thus can be counted more than once in this column.
**There are 223 total Damage Cases included in the Environmental Problems Study and its Addendums.


          Table 4: Damage Cases Listed by Type of Recycled Material 
(Some damage cases are associated with more than one type of recycled material and are listed more than once.)
                                       #
                                     State
                                   Site Name
                                    EPA ID
                          Type of Recycled Materials
                                       1
AL
Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO)
ALD041906173
Batteries
                                       2
CA
Alco Pacific
CAD008387250
Batteries
                                       3
CA
GNB Incorporated (now Exide Technologies)
CAD097854541
Batteries
                                       4
CA
Sierra Battery Sales
CAD983650128
Batteries
                                       5
CA
United Metal Recovery
NOT PROVIDED
Batteries
                                       6
CA
Victor Industrial Battery
NOT PROVIDED
Batteries
                                       7
DE
Diamond State Salvage
DE0000122218
Batteries
                                       8
FL
Don's Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts)
FLR000085878
Batteries
                                       9
FL
Miami Battery
FLD004119426
Batteries
                                      10
FL
Schuylkill Metals Corp.
FLD062794003
Batteries
                                      11
FL
Singleton Battery
FLD980845697
Batteries
                                      12
FL
Singleton Battery/TPA
FLD047090725
Batteries
                                      13
FL
United Metals, Inc.
FLD098924038
Batteries
                                      14
GA
Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, Inc.)
GAD070330576
Batteries
                                      15
NC
Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington)
NCD000648402
Batteries
                                      16
NJ
Matteo Iron and Metal
NJD991304072
Batteries
                                      17
NM
Cal West Metals
NMD097960272
Batteries
                                      18
NY
Mercury Refining, Inc.
NYD048148175
Batteries
                                      19
NY
Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ
NYD030485288
Batteries
                                      20
OH
Master Metals Inc.
OHD097613871
Batteries
                                      21
OH
Midwest Guardian
OHD048782049
Batteries
                                      22
OH
ONARP Inc. (Mel's Battery)
OHD980995963
Batteries
                                      23
OR
Bergsoe Metal Corporation
ORD991281460
Batteries
                                      24
OR
Environmental Pacific Corporation
ORD980977334
Batteries
                                      25
PA
East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc.
PAD002330165
Batteries
                                      26
PA
Tonolli Corporation
PAD073613663
Batteries
                                      27
PR
Scorpio Recycling, Inc.
PRD987376662
Batteries
                                      28
PR
V&M / Albaladejo
PRD987366101
Batteries
                                      29
TN
College Grove Battery Chip
TNSFN0406979
Batteries
                                      30
TN
Ross Metals, Inc.
TND096070396
Batteries
                                      31
TX
Poly-Cycle Industries
TXT490012689
Batteries
                                      32
VA
Old Salem Tannery II
VAD988170437
Batteries
                                      33
WA
Beacon Battery Co.
NOT PROVIDED
Batteries
                                      34
WA
Dyno Battery Co.
WAH000003996
Batteries
                                      35
WA
Nooksack Valley Disposal
WAD057315624
Batteries
                                      36
CA
Cooper Drum Co.
CAD055753370
Drums
                                      37
CA
Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.
CAD029295706
Drums
                                      38
CA
Myers Drum
CAD009123217
Drums
                                      39
CT
National Oil Services
CTD162235782
Drums
                                      40
CT
Zollo Drum Company
CTD075394254
Drums
                                      41
DE
Diamond State Salvage
DE0000122218
Drums
                                      42
FL
43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company
FLR000033514
Drums
                                      43
FL
Callaway & Son Drum Service
FLD094590916
Drums
                                      44
FL
Helms Drum Service
NOT PROVIDED
Drums
                                      45
FL
Rouse Steel Drum Co.
FLD032391542
Drums
                                      46
IN
David John Property
NOT PROVIDED
Drums
                                      47
IN
Hassan Barrel Company
IND078902202
Drums
                                      48
NJ
Lightman Drum Company
NJD014743678
Drums
                                      49
NJ
Martin Aaron, Inc.
NJD014623854
Drums
                                      50
NY
Feldman Barrel & Drum
NYD013721907
Drums
                                      51
OH
Columbus Steel Drum Company
OHD004291654
Drums
                                      52
OH
County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site)
OHR000022327
Drums
                                      53
OH
Queen City Barrel Co.
OHD004477634
Drums
                                      54
OK
Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental
OKD089761290
Drums
                                      55
RI
Efros Barrel Co.
RID980732135
Drums
                                      56
RI
New England Container Co.
RID048976732
Drums
                                      57
TN
Dixie Barrel & Drum
TND034692632
Drums
                                      58
TX
J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Service
TXD982164162
Drums
                                      59
CA
Recyclights West LLC
NOT PROVIDED
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      60
FL
Energy Savings LTD, Inc.
FLR000032821
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      61
FL
Joel C. Patterson and AC
FLR000012955
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      62
MO
Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises
NOT PROVIDED
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      63
NH
Consolidated Recycling, Inc.
NHD500014436
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      64
NY
Mercury Refining, Inc.
NYD048148175
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      65
OH
American Recycling Company
OHD000720110
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      66
OK
Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental
OKD089761290
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      67
OR
Lighting Recyclers, Inc.
ORQ000005629
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      68
WA
Island Recycling
NOT PROVIDED
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      69
FL
Don's Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts)
FLR000085878
Other petroleum wastes
                                      70
CA
Commodity Refining Exchange
CAD981402522
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      71
NJ
Zschiegner Refining Co.
NJD986643153
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      72
NY
Mercury Refining, Inc.
NYD048148175
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      73
OR
Dennis Residence
ORQ000020297
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      74
OR
Grant Warehouse
ORQ000010405
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      75
AL
Union Foundry Company
ALD047158266
Scrap metals
                                      76
AZ
Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility
AZD081687063
Scrap metals
                                      77
CA
Berman Steel  -  Salinas
CAD981624950
Scrap metals
                                      78
CA
Federated Metals
CAD009134636
Scrap metals
                                      79
CA
Halaco Engineering Incorporated
CAR000177709
Scrap metals
                                      80
CA
K & D Salvage Yard
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      81
CA
Mobile Smelting
CAD050096163
Scrap metals
                                      82
CA
United Metal Recovery
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      83
DE
Diamond State Salvage
DE0000122218
Scrap metals
                                      84
FL
Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.)
FLD984258707
Scrap metals
                                      85
FL
Crosby Motors
FL0000562603
Scrap metals
                                      86
IL
Circle Smelting Corporation
ILD050231976
Scrap metals
                                      87
IL
J Pitt Melt Shop
ILN000508169
Scrap metals
                                      88
IL
R. Lavin and Sons
ILD097271563
Scrap metals
                                      89
IN
Continental Steel Corp.
IND001213503
Scrap metals
                                      90
IN
Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage
IND065548703
Scrap metals
                                      91
IN
Hayes Lemmerz International Inc.
IND980904528
Scrap metals
                                      92
MA
JG Grant & Sons Inc.
MAD071707301
Scrap metals
                                      93
MA
Zimble Drum
MAN000103183
Scrap metals
                                      94
MI
Carter Industrials, Inc.
MID980274179
Scrap metals
                                      95
MI
Pellestar Limited
MIN000508651
Scrap metals
                                      96
MO
Missouri Electric Works
MOD980965982
Scrap metals
                                      97
NC
Nucor Corporation, Inc.
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      98
NH
Harding Metals Inc.
NHD018955641
Scrap metals
                                      99
NJ
Boro Auto Wreckers, Inc.
NJD091397299 / NJR000013623
Scrap metals
                                      100
NJ
Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.
NJD011717584
Scrap metals
                                      101
NJ
Franklin Burn
NJD986570992
Scrap metals
                                      102
NJ
Griffin Pipe Products Company
NJD003951985
Scrap metals
                                      103
NJ
Matteo Iron and Metal
NJD991304072
Scrap metals
                                      104
NJ
Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment
NJD000540062 or NJD981490295
Scrap metals
                                      105
NM
Pagano Salvage
NMD980749980
Scrap metals
                                      106
NY
Bern Metals
NYD986910057
Scrap metals
                                      107
NY
Consolidated Iron and Metal
NY0002455756
Scrap metals
                                      108
OH
River Recycling Industries, Inc.
OHD004187035
Scrap metals
                                      109
OR
Bergsoe Metal Corporation
ORD991281460
Scrap metals
                                      110
PA
Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company
PAD003009362
Scrap metals
                                      111
PR
Scorpio Recycling, Inc.
PRD987376662
Scrap metals
                                      112
PR
V&M / Albaladejo
PRD987366101
Scrap metals
                                      113
RI
Metals Recycling, LLC
RID980732135
Scrap metals
                                      114
TN
Refined Metals Corporation
TND067690040
Scrap metals
                                      115
TN
Ross Metals, Inc.
TND096070396
Scrap metals
                                      116
TX
Lyon Property
TX0001861731
Scrap metals
                                      117
TX
Melton Kelly Property
TX0000852111
Scrap metals
                                      118
TX
Rockwool Industries, Inc.
TXD06637964
Scrap metals
                                      119
UT
OMG Air Emissions
UTD982589848
Scrap metals
                                      120
VA
Bingham & Taylor
VAD003064490
Scrap metals
                                      121
WA
CleanCare Corporation
WASFN1002182
Scrap metals
                                      122
WA
Emerald Recycling
WAD058367152
Scrap metals
                                      123
WA
Hand in Hand Recycling
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      124
WA
Island Recycling
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      125
WA
Maralco
WAD053825352
Scrap metals
                                      126
WV
Red Jacket Salvage Yard
WVN000306116
Scrap metals
                                      127
FL
Danmark, Inc.
FL0001093103
Used oil
                                      128
FL
International Processing Specialists (IPS) (aka BCX Facility)
FLD982109761
Used oil
                                      129
GA
Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc.
GAD981262470
Used oil
                                      130
IL
Clayton Chemical Company
ILD066918327
Used oil
                                      131
OK
Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental
OKD089761290
Used oil
                                      132
OR
ThermoFluids Inc.
ORQ000001974
Used oil
                                       




                                       

                                       

     Table 5: Damage Cases and Type of Recycled Materials Listed by State
                                       #
                                     State
                                   Site Name
                                    EPA ID
                          Type of Recycled Materials
                                       1
AL
Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO)
ALD041906173
Batteries
                                       2
AL
Union Foundry Company
ALD047158266
Scrap metals
                                       3
AZ
Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility
AZD081687063
Scrap metals
                                       4
CA
Alco Pacific
CAD008387250
Batteries
                                       5
CA
Berman Steel  -  Salinas
CAD981624950
Scrap metals
                                       6
CA
Commodity Refining Exchange
CAD981402522
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                       7
CA
Cooper Drum Co.
CAD055753370
Drums
                                       8
CA
Federated Metals
CAD009134636
Scrap metals
                                       9
CA
GNB Incorporated (now Exide Technologies)
CAD097854541
Batteries
                                      10
CA
Halaco Engineering Incorporated
CAR000177709
Scrap metals
                                      11
CA
K & D Salvage Yard
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      12
CA
Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.
CAD029295706
Drums
                                      13
CA
Mobile Smelting
CAD050096163
Scrap metals
                                      14
CA
Myers Drum
CAD009123217
Drums
                                      15
CA
Recyclights West LLC
NOT PROVIDED
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      16
CA
Sierra Battery Sales
CAD983650128
Batteries
                                      17
CA
United Metal Recovery
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals; Batteries
                                      18
CA
Victor Industrial Battery
NOT PROVIDED
Batteries
                                      19
CT
National Oil Services
CTD162235782
Drums
                                      20
CT
Zollo Drum Company
CTD075394254
Drums
                                      21
DE
Diamond State Salvage
DE0000122218
Batteries; Drums; Scrap Metals
                                      22
GA
Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc.
GAD981262470
Used oil
                                      23
FL
43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company
FLR000033514
Drums
                                      24
FL
Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.)
FLD984258707
Scrap metals
                                      25
FL
Callaway & Son Drum Service
FLD094590916
Drums
                                      26
FL
Crosby Motors
FL0000562603
Scrap metals
                                      27
FL
Danmark, Inc.
FL0001093103
Used oil
                                      28
FL
Don's Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts)
FLR000085878
Other petroleum wastes; Batteries
                                      29
FL
Energy Savings LTD, Inc.
FLR000032821
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      30
FL
Helms Drum Service
NOT PROVIDED
Drums
                                      31
FL
International Processing Specialists (IPS) (aka BCX Facility)
FLD982109761
Used oil
                                      32
FL
Joel C. Patterson and AC
FLR000012955
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      33
FL
Miami Battery
FLD004119426
Batteries
                                      34
FL
Rouse Steel Drum Co.
FLD032391542
Drums
                                      35
FL
Schuylkill Metals Corp.
FLD062794003
Batteries
                                      36
FL
Singleton Battery
FLD980845697
Batteries
                                      37
FL
Singleton Battery/TPA
FLD047090725
Batteries
                                      38
FL
United Metals, Inc.
FLD098924038
Batteries
                                      39
GA
Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, Inc.)
GAD070330576
Batteries
                                      40
IL
Circle Smelting Corporation
ILD050231976
Scrap metals
                                      41
IL
Clayton Chemical Company
ILD066918327
Used oil
                                      42
IL
J Pitt Melt Shop
ILN000508169
Scrap metals
                                      43
IL
R. Lavin and Sons
ILD097271563
Scrap metals
                                      44
IN
Continental Steel Corp.
IND001213503
Scrap metals
                                      45
IN
Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage
IND065548703
Scrap metals
                                      46
IN
David John Property
NOT PROVIDED
Drums
                                      47
IN
Hassan Barrel Company
IND078902202
Drums
                                      48
IN
Hayes Lemmerz International Inc.
IND980904528
Scrap metals
                                      49
MA
JG Grant & Sons Inc.
MAD071707301
Scrap metals
                                      50
MA
Zimble Drum
MAN000103183
Scrap metals
                                      51
MI
Carter Industrials, Inc.
MID980274179
Scrap metals
                                      52
MI
Pellestar Limited
MIN000508651
Scrap metals
                                      53
MO
Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises
NOT PROVIDED
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      54
MO
Missouri Electric Works
MOD980965982
Scrap metals
                                      55
NC
Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington)
NCD000648402
Batteries
                                      56
NC
Nucor Corporation, Inc.
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      57
NH
Consolidated Recycling, Inc.
NHD500014436
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      58
NH
Harding Metals Inc.
NHD018955641
Scrap metals
                                      59
NJ
Boro Auto Wreckers, Inc.
NJD091397299 / NJR000013623
Scrap metals
                                      60
NJ
Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.
NJD011717584
Scrap metals
                                      61
NJ
Franklin Burn
NJD986570992
Scrap metals
                                      62
NJ
Griffin Pipe Products Company
NJD003951985
Scrap metals
                                      63
NJ
Lightman Drum Company
NJD014743678
Drums
                                      64
NJ
Martin Aaron, Inc.
NJD014623854
Drums
                                      65
NJ
Matteo Iron and Metal
NJD991304072
Scrap metals; Batteries
                                      66
NJ
Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment
NJD000540062 or NJD981490295
Scrap metals
                                      67
NJ
Zschiegner Refining Co.
NJD986643153
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      68
NM
Cal West Metals
NMD097960272
Batteries
                                      69
NM
Pagano Salvage
NMD980749980
Scrap metals
                                      70
NY
Bern Metals
NYD986910057
Scrap metals
                                      71
NY
Consolidated Iron and Metal
NY0002455756
Scrap metals
                                      72
NY
Feldman Barrel & Drum
NYD013721907
Drums
                                      73
NY
Mercury Refining, Inc.
NYD048148175
Mercury-containing wastes; Batteries; Precious-metal containing wastes
                                      74
NY
Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ
NYD030485288
Batteries
                                      75
OH
American Recycling Company
OHD000720110
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      76
OH
Columbus Steel Drum Company
OHD004291654
Drums
                                      77
OH
County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site)
OHR000022327
Drums
                                      78
OH
Master Metals Inc.
OHD097613871
Batteries
                                      79
OH
Midwest Guardian
OHD048782049
Batteries
                                      80
OH
ONARP Inc.(Mel's Battery)
OHD980995963
Batteries
                                      81
OH
Queen City Barrel Co.
OHD004477634
Drums
                                      82
OH
River Recycling Industries, Inc.
OHD004187035
Scrap metals
                                      83
OK
Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental
OKD089761290
Drums; Mercury-containing wastes; Used oil
                                      84
OR
Bergsoe Metal Corporation
ORD991281460
Scrap metals; Batteries
                                      85
OR
Dennis Residence
ORQ000020297
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      86
OR
Environmental Pacific Corporation
ORD980977334
Batteries
                                      87
OR
Grant Warehouse
ORQ000010405
Precious metal-containing wastes
                                      88
OR
Lighting Recyclers, Inc.
ORQ000005629
Mercury-containing wastes
                                      89
OR
ThermoFluids Inc.
ORQ000001974
Used oil
                                      90
PA
East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc.
PAD002330165
Batteries
                                      91
PA
Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company
PAD003009362
Scrap metals
                                      92
PA
Tonolli Corporation
PAD073613663
Batteries
                                      93
PR
Scorpio Recycling, Inc.
PRD987376662
Scrap metals; Batteries
                                      94
PR
V&M / Albaladejo
PRD987366101
Scrap metals; Batteries
                                      95
RI
Efros Barrel Co.
RID980732135
Drums
                                      96
RI
Metals Recycling, LLC
RID980732135
Scrap metals
                                      97
RI
New England Container Co.
RID048976732
Drums
                                      98
TN
College Grove Battery Chip
TNSFN0406979
Batteries
                                      99
TN
Dixie Barrel & Drum
TND034692632
Drums
                                      100
TN
Refined Metals Corporation
TND067690040
Scrap metals
                                      101
TN
Ross Metals, Inc.
TND096070396
Batteries; Scrap metals
                                      102
TX
J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Service
TXD982164162
Drums
                                      103
TX
Lyon Property
TX0001861731
Scrap metals
                                      104
TX
Melton Kelly Property
TX0000852111
Scrap metals
                                      105
TX
Poly-Cycle Industries
TXT490012689
Batteries
                                      106
TX
Rockwool Industries, Inc.
TXD06637964
Scrap metals
                                      107
UT
OMG Air Emissions
UTD982589848
Scrap metals
                                      108
VA
Bingham & Taylor
VAD003064490
Scrap metals
                                      109
VA
Old Salem Tannery II
VAD988170437
Batteries
                                      110
WA
Beacon Battery Co.
NOT PROVIDED
Batteries
                                      111
WA
CleanCare Corporation
WASFN1002182
Scrap metals
                                      112
WA
Dyno Battery Co.
WAH000003996
Batteries
                                      113
WA
Emerald Recycling
WAD058367152
Scrap metals
                                      114
WA
Hand in Hand Recycling
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals
                                      115
WA
Island Recycling
NOT PROVIDED
Scrap metals; Mercury-containing wastes
                                      116
WA
Maralco
WAD053825352
Scrap metals
                                      117
WA
Nooksack Valley Disposal
WAD057315624
Batteries
                                      118
WV
Red Jacket Salvage Yard
WVN000306116
Scrap metals
                                       





