1110A
)
1
Revision
1
August
2002
A
'
3.14
(
D
2
&
d
2)

2
%
(
t)(
3.14)(
D)
%
(
t)(
3.14)(
d)
METHOD
1110A
CORROSIVITY
TOWARD
STEEL
1.0
SCOPE
AND
APPLICATION
1.1
Method
1110
is
used
to
measure
the
corrosivity
toward
steel
of
both
aqueous
and
nonaqueous
liquid
wastes.

2.0
SUMMARY
OF
METHOD
2.1
This
test
exposes
coupons
of
SAE
Type
1020
steel
to
the
liquid
waste
to
be
evaluated
and,
by
measuring
the
degree
to
which
the
coupon
has
been
dissolved,
determines
the
corrosivity
of
the
waste.

3.0
INTERFERENCES
3.1
In
laboratory
tests,
such
as
this
one,
corrosion
of
duplicate
coupons
is
usually
reproducible
to
within
10%.
However,
large
differences
in
corrosion
rates
may
occasionally
occur
under
conditions
where
the
metal
surfaces
become
passivated.
Therefore,
at
least
duplicate
determinations
of
corrosion
rate
should
be
made.

4.0
APPARATUS
AND
MATERIALS
4.1
An
apparatus
should
be
used,
consisting
of
a
kettle
or
flask
of
suitable
size
(
usually
500
to
5,000
mL),
a
reflux
condenser,
a
thermowell
and
temperature
regulating
device,
a
heating
device
(
mantle,
hot
plate,
or
bath),
and
a
specimen
support
system.
A
typical
resin
flask
set
up
for
this
type
of
test
is
shown
in
Figure
1.

4.2
The
supporting
device
and
container
shall
be
constructed
of
materials
that
are
not
affected
by,
or
cause
contamination
of,
the
waste
under
test.

4.3
The
method
of
supporting
the
coupons
will
vary
with
the
apparatus
used
for
conducting
the
test,
but
it
should
be
designed
to
insulate
the
coupons
from
each
other
physically
and
electrically
and
to
insulate
the
coupons
from
any
metallic
container
or
other
device
used
in
the
test.
Some
common
support
materials
include
glass,
fluorocarbon,
or
coated
metal.

4.4
The
shape
and
form
of
the
coupon
support
should
ensure
free
contact
with
the
waste.

4.5
A
circular
specimen
of
SAE
1020
steel
of
about
3.75
cm
(
1.5
in.)
diameter
is
a
convenient
shape
for
a
coupon.
With
a
thickness
of
approximately
0.32
cm
(
0.125
in.)
and
a
0.80­
cm
(
0.4­
in.)­
diameter
hole
for
mounting,
these
specimens
will
readily
pass
through
a
45/
50
groundglass
joint
of
a
distillation
kettle.
The
total
surface
area
of
a
circular
specimen
is
given
by
the
following
equation:
1110A
)
2
Revision
1
August
2002
where:
t
=
thickness.
D
=
diameter
of
the
specimen.
d
=
diameter
of
the
mounting
hole.

If
the
hole
is
completely
covered
by
the
mounting
support,
the
last
term
in
the
equation,
(
t)(
3.14)(
d),
is
omitted.

4.5.1
All
coupons
should
be
measured
carefully
to
permit
accurate
calculation
of
the
exposed
areas.
An
area
calculation
accurate
to
+
1%
is
usually
adequate.

4.5.2
More
uniform
results
may
be
expected
if
a
substantial
layer
of
metal
is
removed
from
the
coupons
prior
to
testing
the
corrosivity
of
the
waste.
This
can
be
accomplished
by
chemical
treatment
(
pickling),
by
electrolytic
removal,
or
by
grinding
with
a
coarse
abrasive.
At
least
0.254
mm
(
0.0001
in.)
or
2­
3
mg/
cm2
should
be
removed.
Final
surface
treatment
should
include
finishing
with
#
120
abrasive
paper
or
cloth.
Final
cleaning
consists
of
scrubbing
with
bleach­
free
scouring
powder,
followed
by
rinsing
in
distilled
water
and
then
in
acetone
or
methanol,
and
finally
by
air­
drying.
After
final
cleaning,
the
coupon
should
be
stored
in
a
desiccator
until
used.

4.5.3
The
minimum
ratio
of
volume
of
waste
to
area
of
the
metal
coupon
to
be
used
in
this
test
is
40
mL/
cm2.

5.0
REAGENTS
5.1
Sodium
hydroxide
(
NaOH),
(
20%):
Dissolve
200
g
NaOH
in
800
mL
Type
II
water
and
mix
well.

5.2
Zinc
dust.

5.3
Hydrochloric
acid
(
HCl):
Concentrated.

5.4
Stannous
chloride
(
SnCl
2).

5.5
Antimony
chloride
(
SbCl
3).

6.0
SAMPLE
COLLECTION,
PRESERVATION,
AND
HANDLING
This
method
does
not
provide
sample
collection,
preservation,
and
handling
guidelines.

7.0
PROCEDURE
7.1
Assemble
the
test
apparatus
as
described
in
Paragraph
4.0,
above.

7.2
Fill
the
container
with
the
appropriate
amount
of
waste.

7.3
Begin
agitation
at
a
rate
sufficient
to
ensure
that
the
liquid
is
kept
well
mixed
and
homogeneous.

7.4
Using
the
heating
device,
bring
the
temperature
of
the
waste
to
55
E
C
(
130
E
F).
1110A
)
3
Revision
1
August
2002
7.5
An
accurate
rate
of
corrosion
is
not
required;
only
a
determination
as
to
whether
the
rate
of
corrosion
is
less
than
or
greater
than
6.35
mm
per
year
is
required.
A
24­
hr
test
period
should
be
ample
to
determine
whether
or
not
the
rate
of
corrosion
is
>
6.35
mm
per
year.

7.6
In
order
to
determine
accurately
the
amount
of
material
lost
to
corrosion,
the
coupons
have
to
be
cleaned
after
immersion
and
prior
to
weighing.
The
cleaning
procedure
should
remove
all
products
of
corrosion
while
removing
a
minimum
of
sound
metal.
Cleaning
methods
can
be
divided
into
three
general
categories:
mechanical,
chemical,
and
electrolytic.

7.6.1
Mechanical
cleaning
includes
scrubbing,
scraping,
brushing,
and
ultrasonic
procedures.
Scrubbing
with
a
bristle
brush
and
mild
abrasive
is
the
most
popular
of
these
methods.
The
others
are
used
in
cases
of
heavy
corrosion
as
a
first
step
in
removing
heavily
encrusted
corrosion
products
prior
to
scrubbing.
Care
should
be
taken
to
avoid
removing
sound
metal.

7.6.2
Chemical
cleaning
implies
the
removal
of
material
from
the
surface
of
the
coupon
by
dissolution
in
an
appropriate
solvent.
Solvents
such
as
acetone,
dichloromethane,
and
alcohol
are
used
to
remove
oil,
grease,
or
resinous
materials
and
are
used
prior
to
immersion
to
remove
the
products
of
corrosion.
Solutions
suitable
for
removing
corrosion
from
the
steel
coupon
are:

Solution
Soaking
Time
Temperature
20%
NaOH
+
200
g/
L
zinc
dust
5
min
Boiling
Conc.
HCl
+
50
g/
L
SnCl
2
+
20
g/
L
SbCl
3
Until
clean
Cold
7.6.3
Electrolytic
cleaning
should
be
preceded
by
scrubbing
to
remove
loosely
adhering
corrosion
products.
One
method
of
electrolytic
cleaning
that
can
be
employed
uses:

Solution:
50
g/
L
H
2
SO
4
Anode:
Carbon
or
lead
Cathode:
Steel
coupon
Cathode
current
density:
20
amp/
cm2
(
129
amp/
in.
2)

Inhibitor:
2
cc
organic
inhibitor/
liter
Temperature:
74
E
C
(
165
E
F)

Exposure
Period:
3
min.

NOTE:
Precautions
must
be
taken
to
ensure
good
electrical
contact
with
the
coupon
to
avoid
contamination
of
the
cleaning
solution
with
easily
reducible
metal
ions
and
to
ensure
that
inhibitor
decomposition
has
not
occurred.
Instead
of
a
proprietary
inhibitor,
0.5
g/
L
of
either
diorthotolyl
thiourea
or
quinolin
ethiodide
can
be
used.

7.7
Whatever
treatment
is
employed
to
clean
the
coupons,
its
effect
in
removing
sound
metal
should
be
determined
by
using
a
blank
(
i.
e.,
a
coupon
that
has
not
been
exposed
to
the
waste).
The
blank
should
be
cleaned
along
with
the
test
coupon
and
its
waste
loss
subtracted
from
that
calculated
for
the
test
coupons.
1110A
)
4
Revision
1
August
2002
Corrosion
Rate
(
mmpy)
'
weight
loss
x
11.145
area
x
time
7.8
After
corroded
specimens
have
been
cleaned
and
dried,
they
are
reweighed.
The
weight
loss
is
employed
as
the
principal
measure
of
corrosion.
Use
of
weight
loss
as
a
measure
of
corrosion
requires
making
the
assumption
that
all
weight
loss
has
been
due
to
generalized
corrosion
and
not
localized
pitting.
In
order
to
determine
the
corrosion
rate
for
the
purpose
of
this
regulation,
the
following
formula
is
used:

where:
weight
loss
is
in
milligrams,
area
is
in
square
centimeters,
time
is
in
hours,
and
corrosion
rate
is
in
millimeters
per
year
(
mmpy).

8.0
QUALITY
CONTROL
8.1
All
quality
control
data
should
be
filed
and
available
for
auditing.

8.2
Duplicate
samples
should
be
analyzed
on
a
routine
basis.

9.0
METHOD
PERFORMANCE
9.1
No
data
provided.

10.0
REFERENCES
1.
National
Association
of
Corrosion
Engineers,
"
Laboratory
Corrosion
Testing
of
Metals
for
the
Process
Industries,"
NACE
Standard
TM­
01­
69
(
1972
Revision),
NACE,
3400
West
Loop
South,
Houston,
TX
77027.
1110A
)
5
Revision
1
August
2002
Figure
1.
Typical
resin
flask
that
can
be
used
as
a
versatile
and
convenient
apparatus
to
conduct
simple
immersion
tests.
Configuration
of
the
flask
top
is
such
that
more
sophisticated
apparatus
can
be
added
as
required
by
the
specific
test
being
conducted.
A
=
thermowell,
B
=
resin
flask,
C
=
specimens
hung
on
supporting
device,
D
=
heating
mantle,
E
=
liquid
interface,
F
=
opening
in
flask
for
additional
apparatus
that
may
be
required,
and
G
=
reflux
condenser.
1110A
)
6
Revision
1
August
2002
