Federal
Register:
January
19,
2000
(
Volume
65,
Number
12)]

[
Notices]

[
Page
3082­
3094]

From
the
Federal
Register
Online
via
GPO
Access
[
wais.
access.
gpo.
gov]

[
DOCID:
fr19ja00­
151]

[[
Page
3082]]
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
[
SWH­
FRL­
6524­
3]

Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notice
III
AGENCY:
Environmental
Protection
Agency.

ACTION:
Notice
of
Availability
of
Final
Document.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

SUMMARY:
The
Environmental
Protection
Agency
is
providing
notice
of
the
availability
of
the
final
Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notice
III
(
RMAN
III)
and
supporting
materials.
The
final
RMAN
III
contains
EPA's
recommendations
for
purchasing
18
items
designated
in
the
final
Comprehensive
Procurement
Guideline
III,
which
is
published
elsewhere
in
today's
Federal
Register.
This
action
will
help
use
government
purchasing
power
to
stimulate
the
use
of
recovered
materials
in
the
manufacture
of
new
products
and
expand
markets
for
those
recovered
materials.
EPA
designates
items
that
are
or
can
be
made
with
recovered
materials
and
provides
recommendations
for
the
procurement
of
these
items
under
section
6002
of
the
Resource
Conservation
and
Recovery
Act
of
1976
(
RCRA).
The
18
items
EPA
is
making
recommendations
for
include:

Carpet
cushion;
flowable
fill;
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces;
park
benches
and
picnic
tables;
playground
equipment;
food
waste
compost;

plastic
lumber
landscaping
timbers
and
posts;
solid
plastic
binders;

plastic
clipboards;
plastic
file
folders;
plastic
clip
portfolios;

plastic
presentation
folders;
sorbents
(
i.
e.,
absorbents
and
adsorbents);
awards
and
plaques;
industrial
drums;
mats;
signage;
and
manual­
grade
strapping.
The
final
RMAN
III
contains
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
these
items
and
provides
other
purchasing
recommendations.
RMAN
III
also
contains
revised
recovered
materials
content
recommendations
for
steel
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions,
steel
recycling
containers
and
waste
receptacles,

and
the
steel
components
of
traffic
barricades
and
delineators.
These
items
were
previously
designated
in
CPG
I
and
II
with
recommendations
provided
in
RMAN
I
and
II.
The
revised
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
these
previously
designated
items
are
based
on
comments
submitted
on
the
draft
RMAN
III
for
all
items
containing
recovered
steel.

EFFECTIVE
DATES:
The
recommendations
for
purchasing
the
18
newlydesignated
items
are
effective
January
19,
2001.
The
recommendations
for
previously
designated
items
(
i.
e.,
steel
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions,
steel
recycling
containers
and
waste
receptacles,

and
steel
components
of
traffic
barricades
and
delineators)
are
effective
January
19,
2000.

ADDRESSES:
The
public
docket
for
this
notice
is
Docket
F­
1999­

CP3FFFFFF
Documents
related
to
today's
notice
are
available
for
viewing
in
the
RCRA
Information
Center
(
RIC),
which
is
located
at
U.
S.

Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Crystal
Gateway
One,
1235
Jefferson
Davis
Highway,
Ground
Floor,
Arlington,
VA
22202.
The
RIC
is
open
from
9
a.
m.
to
4
p.
m.,
Monday
through
Friday,
except
for
Federal
holidays.

To
review
docket
materials,
it
is
recommended
that
the
public
make
an
appointment
by
calling
(
703)
603­
9230.
Copies
cost
$
0.15/
page.
The
index
and
some
supporting
materials
are
available
electronically.
For
information
on
accessing
the
documents
electronically,
see
Section
V
of
the
Supplementary
Information
section
below.

FOR
FURTHER
INFORMATION
CONTACT:
For
general
information
contact
the
RCRA
Hotline
at
(
800)
424­
9346
or
TDD
(
800)
553­
7672
(
hearing
impaired).
In
the
Washington,
DC
metropolitan
area,
call
(
703)
412­
9810
or
TDD
(
703)
412­
3323.
For
technical
information
on
individual
item
recommendations,
contact
Terry
Grist
at
(
703)
308­
7257.

SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION:

Preamble
Outline
I.
What
is
the
statutory
authority
for
this
action?

II.
Why
is
EPA
taking
this
action?

III.
What
are
the
definitions
of
terms
used
in
this
action?

V.
What
did
commenters
say
about
the
recommendations
in
the
draft
RMAN
III?

A.
Comments
on
Proposed
Items
Containing
Recovered
Steel
B.
Comments
on
Specifications
for
Flowable
Fill
V.
Supporting
Information
and
Accessing
Internet
I.
What
Is
the
Statutory
Authority
for
This
Action?

The
Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notice
III
(
RMAN
III)
is
published
under
the
authority
of
sections
2002(
a)
and
6002
of
the
Solid
Waste
Disposal
Act,
as
amended
by
the
Resource
Conservation
and
Recovery
Act
of
1976
(
RCRA),
as
amended,
42
U.
S.
C.
6912(
a)
and
6962;
and
Executive
Order
(
E.
O.)
13101
(
63
FR
49643,
September
14,
1998).

II.
Why
Is
EPA
Taking
This
Action?

Section
6002
of
RCRA
establishes
a
Federal
buy­
recycled
program.

RCRA
section
6002(
e)
requires
EPA
to
(
1)
designate
items
that
are
or
can
be
produced
with
recovered
materials
and
(
2)
prepare
guidelines
to
assist
procuring
agencies
in
complying
with
affirmative
procurement
requirements
set
forth
in
paragraphs
(
c),
(
d),
and
(
I)
of
section
6002.

Once
EPA
designates
an
item,
section
6002
requires
that
each
procuring
agency
that
procures
the
designated
item
using
appropriated
Federal
funds,
must
procure
that
item
containing
the
highest
percentage
of
recovered
materials
practicable.
For
the
purposes
of
RCRA
section
6002,

procuring
agencies
include
the
following:
(
1)
Any
Federal
agency;
(
2)

any
State
or
local
agencies
using
appropriated
Federal
funds
for
a
procurement;
and
(
3)
any
contractors
with
these
agencies
(
with
respect
to
work
performed
under
the
contract).
The
requirements
of
section
6002
apply
to
procuring
agencies
only
when
procuring
a
designated
item
where
the
price
of
the
item
exceeds
$
10,000
or
when
the
quantity
of
the
item,

or
functionally
equivalent
items,
purchased
in
the
previous
year
exceeded
$
10,000.

Executive
Order
13101
(
63
FR
49643,
September
14,
1998)
requires
EPA
to
designate
items
in
a
Comprehensive
Procurement
Guideline
(
CPG)

and
publish
guidance
that
contains
EPA's
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
the
designated
items
in
Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notices
(
RMAN).
The
Executive
Order
(
E.
O.)
also
requires
EPA
to
update
the
CPG
every
two
years
and
the
RMAN
periodically
to
reflect
changes
in
market
conditions.
EPA
codifies
the
CPG
designations
in
the
Code
of
Federal
Regulations
(
CFR),
but,
because
the
recommendations
are
guidance,
the
RMAN
is
not
codified
in
the
CFR.

This
process
allows
EPA
to
revise
its
recommendations
in
a
timely
manner
and
in
response
to
changes
in
a
product's
availability
or
recovered
materials
content.

EPA
promulgated
the
CPG
I
and
issued
notice
of
RMAN
I
on
May
1,

1995
(
60
FR
21370
and
21386,
respectively).
CPG
I
designated
19
items
and
consolidated
five
previous
item
designations
made
in
earlier
EPA
procurement
guidelines,
and
RMAN
I
recommended
purchasing
practices
for
these
24
items.
On
November
13,
1997,
EPA
published
CPG
II
(
62
FR
60962),
which
designated
an
additional
12
items
and
concurrently
published
an
RMAN
II
(
62
FR
60975).
The
final
RMAN
II
also
[[
Page
3083]]

provided
clarification
of
EPA's
1995
recommendations
for
purchasing
floor
tiles
containing
recovered
materials.
Paper
Products
RMANs
were
issued
on
May
29,
1996
(
61
FR
26985)
and
June
8,
1998
(
63
FR
31214).
On
August
26,
1998,
EPA
proposed
CPG
III
(
63
FR
4558),
which
proposed
to
designate
an
additional
19
items.
EPA
concurrently
published
a
draft
RMAN
III
(
63
FR
45580).
The
19
items
EPA
proposed
for
designation
were:

nylon
carpet
with
backing
containing
recovered
materials;
carpet
cushion;
flowable
fill;
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces;
park
benches
and
picnic
tables;
playground
equipment;
food
waste
compost;
plastic
lumber
landscaping
timbers
and
posts;
solid
plastic
binders;
plastic
clipboards;
plastic
file
folders;
plastic
clip
portfolios;
plastic
presentation
folders;
sorbents
(
i.
e.,
absorbents
and
adsorbents);

awards
and
plaques;
industrial
drums;
mats;
signage;
and
manual­
grade
strapping.
Today,
EPA
is
publishing
recommendations
for
18
of
the
19
items.
EPA
is
not
designating
nylon
carpet
with
backing
containing
recovered
materials
at
this
time
and,
therefore,
is
not
publishing
final
recommendations
for
purchasing
this
item.
The
reasons
for
this
decision
are
discussed
in
the
final
CPG
III,
published
in
the
rules
section
of
today's
Federal
Register.

EPA
wants
to
stress
that
the
recommendations
in
its
RMAN
are
just
that­­
recommendations
and
guidance
to
procuring
agencies
to
help
them
meet
their
obligations
under
section
6002.
The
designation
of
an
item
as
one
that
is
or
can
be
manufactured
with
recovered
materials
and
the
inclusions
of
recommended
content
levels
for
an
item
in
an
RMAN
do
not
require
the
procurement
of
an
item
when
it
is
not
suitable
for
an
agency's
intended
purpose.
Section
6002
is
explicit
about
this
when
it
authorizes
a
procuring
agency
not
to
procure
a
designated
item
which
  
fails
to
meet
the
performance
standards
set
forth
in
the
applicable
specification
or
fails
to
meet
the
reasonable
performance
standards
of
the
procuring
agencies.''(
Section
6002(
1)(
B),
42
U.
S.
C.
6962(
c)(
B)).

Thus,
for
example,
in
the
final
CPG
III
published
elsewhere
in
today's
Federal
Register,
EPA
is
designating
playground
equipment
as
an
item
that
is
or
can
be
produced
with
recovered
materials.
The
Agency's
research
shows
that
this
item
is
available
in
either
steel,
aluminum,

or
plastic
containing
recovered
materials.
However,
the
mere
fact
that
this
item
is
available
containing
recovered
materials
does
not
require
the
procurement
of
steel,
aluminum,
or
plastic
playground
equipment
in
every
circumstance.
The
choice
of
appropriate
materials
may
depend
on
state
or
local
codes.
The
effect
of
EPA's
designation
(
and
section
6002)
is
simply
to
require
the
purchase
of
items
with
recovered
materials
where
consistent
with
the
purpose
of
how
the
item
is
to
be
used.
Procuring
agencies
remain
free
to
procure
playground
equipment
made
of
materials
other
than
steel,
aluminum,
or
plastic
(
e.
g.,
wood)

where
the
design
specifications
call
for
other
materials.

III.
What
Are
the
Definitions
of
Terms
Used
in
This
Action?

Today's
final
RMAN
III
recommends
postconsumer
or
recovered
materials
content
levels
which
EPA
believes
the
designated
items
are
generally
available.
The
RMAN
III
recommends
two
different
measures
of
recovered
materials:
(
1)
A
component
of
postconsumer
recovered
materials
and
(
2)
a
component
of
total
recovered
materials
for
the
following
items:
carpet
cushion;
railroad­
grade
crossing
surfaces;
park
benches
and
picnic
tables;
playground
equipment;
plastic
lumber
landscaping
timbers
and
posts;
plastic
binders,
clipboards,
file
folders,
clip
portfolios,
and
presentation
folders;
sorbents;

industrial
drums;
awards
and
plaques;
mats;
signage;
and
manual­
grade
strapping.
For
these
items,
EPA
found
that
manufacturers
were
using
both
types
of
materials
to
manufacture
these
products.
If
the
Agency
recommended
only
postconsumer
content
levels
it
would
fail
to
meet
the
RCRA
mandate
to
maximize
the
use
of
recovered
materials,
because
it
would
fail
to
acknowledge
the
contribution
that
manufacturers
using
other
manufacturers'
byproducts
as
feedstock
have
made
to
solid
waste
management.
EPA
defined
the
terms
  
recovered
materials''
and
  
postconsumer
materials''
in
the
CPG
and
in
40
CFR
247.3.
We
repeat
the
definitions
for
these
terms
in
this
notice
for
the
convenience
of
the
reader.
Postconsumer
materials
means
a
material
or
finished
product
that
has
served
its
intended
end
use
and
has
been
diverted
or
recovered
from
waste
destined
for
disposal,
having
completed
its
life
as
a
consumer
item.
Postconsumer
material
is
part
of
the
broader
category
of
recovered
materials.

Recovered
materials
means
waste
materials
and
byproducts
which
have
been
recovered
or
diverted
from
solid
waste,
but
the
term
does
not
include
those
materials
and
byproducts
generated
from,
and
commonly
used
within,
an
original
manufacturing
process.

IV.
What
Did
Commenters
Say
About
the
Recommendations
in
the
Draft
RMAN
III?

This
section
discusses
the
major
public
comments
on
the
draft
RMAN
III.
The
Agency
received
a
number
of
significant
comments
related
to
flowable
fill
and
the
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
proposed
designated
items
containing
recovered
steel.
These
comments
are
discussed
below.
A
summary
of
all
of
the
comments
and
the
Agency's
response
is
provided
in
the
document
entitled
  
Background
Document
for
the
Final
Comprehensive
Procurement
Guideline
(
CPG)
III
and
Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notice
(
RMAN)
III,''
September
1999,

hereafter
referred
to
as
the
  
Background
Document
for
the
Final
CPG
III/
RMAN
III.''
A
copy
of
this
document
has
been
placed
in
the
docket
for
the
final
RMAN
III.
See
ADDRESSES
above
for
information
about
reviewing
documents
in
the
public
docket.
This
document
is
also
available
electronically
on
the
Internet.
See
Section
V
of
this
notice
for
information
on
accessing
this
document
electronically.

A.
Comments
on
Proposed
Designated
Items
Containing
Recovered
Steel
Comment:
The
Steel
Recycling
Institute
(
SRI)
submitted
comments
noting
that
all
items
proposed
for
designation
(
with
the
exception
of
industrial
drums)
could
be
manufactured
with
steel
made
by
both
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
and
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF)
processes.
SRI
noted
that
items
made
by
the
BOF
process
typically
contain
25
to
30
percent
recovered
materials
including
more
than
15
percent
postconsumer
steel.
When
these
items
are
made
out
of
steel
manufactured
by
the
EAF
process
they
may
contain
up
to
100
percent
recovered
materials,

including
67
percent
postconsumer
steel.
SRI
suggested
EPA
recommend
recycled
content
levels
of
16
percent
postconsumer
and
25
percent
total
recovered
content
for
all
items
made
from
BOF
steel
and
67
percent
postconsumer
and
100
percent
total
recovered
content
when
items
are
made
from
EAF
steel.
SRI
pointed
out
that
currently,
industrial
drums
are
only
being
made
from
BOF
steel
and,
therefore,
contain
a
total
of
25
percent
total
recovered
steel,
including
16
postconsumer
steel.
SRI
requested
that,
for
all
items
proposed
in
CPG
III
containing
steel,
the
final
RMAN
III
should
reflect
these
recovered
materials
content
levels.

[[
Page
3084]]
Response:
EPA
included
the
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
final
RMAN
notice
to
reflect
SRI's
comments
regarding
BOF
and
EAF
manufactured
steel
for
the
items
designated
in
the
CPG,
with
one
exception.
Rather
than
recommend
a
single
total
recovered
materials
content
level
of
25
percent
for
items
made
from
BOF
steel,
the
Agency
is
recommending
a
range
of
25­
30
percent.
The
use
of
a
recovered
materials
content
range
in
this
instance
reflects
both
the
information
provided
by
SRI
and
the
requirements
of
E.
O.
13101
for
making
recommendations.
EPA
is
also
revising
the
content
level
recommendations
for
the
steel
component
of
traffic
barricades
and
delineators,
steel
recycling
containers
and
waste
receptacles,
and
for
steel
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions
to
reflect
this
new
information.
These
items
were
designated
in
CPG
I
and
CPG
II.
No
other
revisions
to
the
recommendations
for
items
previously
designated
in
CPG
I
and
CPG
II
are
being
made
at
this
time.

B.
Comments
on
Specifications
for
Flowable
Fill
Comment:
The
FIRST
Project
(
Foundry
Industry
Recycling
Starts
Today),
an
industry
consortium,
suggested
that
there
is
an
inconsistency
with
two
of
the
specifications
listed
in
the
RMAN
for
flowable
fill.
ASTM's
C33­
93
Concrete
Aggregate
specification
limits
the
use
of
some
spent
sands
that
have
fines
content
greater
than
3
to
5
percent,
while
ACI
229R­
94
indicates
that
foundry
sands
with
up
to
20
percent
fines
were
successfully
utilized
in
flowable
fill
mix
designs.

The
commenter
believes
that
recommending
ASTM
C33­
93
effectively
limits
the
use
of
this
material
without
taking
into
account
whether
the
performance
specification
is
clearly
met.
The
commenter
suggests
that
the
mix
design
specification
should
be
based
on
performance,
not
simply
on
the
aggregate.

Response:
EPA
has
learned
that
ASTM
C33­
93
was
developed
to
optimize
the
strength
and
compactability
of
concrete
and
was
not
meant
to
be
used
with
controlled
low­
strength
material
or
flowable
fill.
The
Agency,
therefore,
recognizes
that
ASTM
C33­
93
may
not
be
an
appropriate
specification
for
sands
used
in
flowable
fill.
Procuring
agencies
may
wish
to
use
this
specification's
physical
tests
as
a
measure
to
assure
the
quality
and
uniformity
of
the
sands
used
in
flowable
fill;
however,
the
agency
now
believes
this
specification
should
not
be
referred
to
for
gradation
requirements.
Based
on
this
information,
the
final
RMAN
III
for
flowable
fill
has
been
revised
to
delete
any
reference
to
the
use
of
ASTM
C33­
93
for
gradation
purposes.

The
RMAN
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
  
refer
to
ASTM
C33­
93,

  
Standard
Specification
for
Concrete,''
to
assure
the
quality
and
uniformity
of
the
ferrous
foundry
sands
in
flowable
fill
*
*
*.''

V.
Supporting
Information
and
Accessing
Internet
The
index
of
supporting
materials
for
today's
final
RMAN
III
is
available
in
the
RCRA
Information
Center
(
RIC)
and
on
the
Internet.
The
address
and
telephone
number
of
the
RIC
are
provided
in
the
ADDRESSES
section
above.
The
index
and
the
following
supporting
materials
are
available
on
the
Internet:
  
Background
Document
for
the
Final
CPG
III/
RMAN
III,''
U.
S.
EPA,

Office
of
Solid
Waste
and
Emergency
Response,
September
1999.

Copies
of
the
following
supporting
materials
are
available
for
viewing
at
the
RIC
only:

  
Telephone
Notes,
Flowable
Fill
Specifications,
Between
Lynne
Gilbert,

Eastern
Research
Group
and
Paul
Tikalsky,
Penn
State
University,
May
12,
1999.''

To
access
information
on
the
Internet
go
to
www.
epa.
gov/
cpg>.

Dated:
January
10,
2000.

Carol
M.
Browner,

Administrator.

Recovered
Materials
Advisory
Notice
III
The
following
represents
EPA's
recommendations
to
procuring
agencies
for
purchasing
the
items
designated
today
in
the
Comprehensive
Procurement
Guideline
III
in
compliance
with
section
6002
of
the
Resource
Conservation
and
Recovery
Act
(
RCRA)
and
section
502(
b)
of
E.
O.
13101.
These
recommendations
are
intended
to
be
used
in
conjunction
with
the
RMANs
issued
on
May
1,
1995
(
60
FR
21386)
and
November
13,
1997
(
62
FR
60975)
and
the
Paper
Products
RMANs
issued
on
May
29,
1996
(
61
FR
26985)
and
June
8,
1998
(
63
FR
31214).
Refer
to
May
1,
1995
and
November
13,
1997
RMANs
for
definitions,
general
recommendations
for
affirmative
procurement
programs,
and
recommendations
for
previously
designated
items.
In
the
case
of
traffic
barricades,
delineators,
recycling
containers
and
waste
receptacles,

and
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions,
the
recommendations
published
today
revise
the
previous
recommendations
issued
in
RMAN
I
and
RMAN
II.

Contents
I.
General
Recommendations
II.
Specific
Recommendations
for
Procurement
of
Designated
Items
Part
C.
Construction
Products
Section
C­
6
(
Revised).
Shower
and
Restroom
Dividers/
Partitions
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Steel
Section
C­
8.
Carpet
Cushion
Made
from
Bonded
Polyurethane,
Jute,

Synthetic
Fibers,
or
Rubber
Containing
Recovered
Materials.

Section
C­
9.
Flowable
Fill
Containing
Coal
Fly
Ash
and/
or
Ferrous
Foundry
Sands.

Section
C­
10.
Railroad
Grade
Crossing
Surfaces
Containing
Coal
Fly
Ash,
Recovered
Rubber,
or
Recovered
Steel
Part
D.
Transportation
Products
Section
D­
1
(
Revised).
Temporary
Traffic
Control
Devices
Section
D­
3
(
Revised).
Channelizers,
Delineators,
and
Flexible
Delineators
Containing
Recovered
Plastic,
Rubber,
or
Steel
Part
E.
Park
and
Recreation
Products
Section
E­
3.
Park
Benches
and
Picnic
Tables
Containing
Recovered
Steel,
Aluminum,
Plastic,
or
Concrete.

Section
E­
4.
Playground
Equipment
Containing
Recovered
Plastic,

Steel,
or
Aluminum.

Part
F.
Landscaping
Products
Section
F­
2.
Compost
Made
From
Yard
Trimmings,
Leaves,
Grass
Clippings,
and/
or
Food
Waste.

Section
F­
5.
Plastic
Lumber
Landscaping
Timbers
and
Posts
Containing
Recovered
Materials.

Part
G.
Non­
Paper
Office
Products
Section
G­
1
(
Revised).
Office
Recycling
Containers
and
Office
Waste
Receptacles
Containing
Recovered
Paper,
Plastic,
or
Steel
Section
G­
8.
Solid
Plastic
Binders,
Plastic
Clipboards,
Plastic
File
Folders,
Plastic
Clip
Portfolios,
and
Plastic
Presentation
Folders
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
Part
H.
Miscellaneous
Products
Section
H­
2.
Sorbents
Containing
Recovered
Materials
for
Use
in
Oil
and
Solvent
Clean­
Ups
and
as
Animal
Bedding.

Section
H­
3.
Industrial
Drums
Containing
Recovered
Steel,

Plastic,
or
Paper.

Section
H­
4.
Awards
and
Plaques
Containing
Recovered
Glass,

Wood,
Paper,
or
Plastic.

Section
H­
5.
Mats
Containing
Recovered
Rubber
and/
or
Plastic.

Section
H­
6.
Manual­
grade
Strapping
Containing
Recovered
Steel
or
Plastic.
Section
H­
7.
Non­
Road
Signs
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Aluminum
and
Road
Signs
Containing
Recovered
Aluminum.

I.
General
Recommendations
General
recommendations
for
definitions,
specifications,
and
affirmative
procurement
programs
can
be
found
in
the
May
1,
1995
RMAN
(
60
FR
21386).

[[
Page
3085]]

II.
Specific
Recommendations
for
Procurement
of
Designated
Items
Recommendations
for
purchasing
previously­
designated
items
can
be
found
in
the
May
1,
1995
and
November
13,
1997
RMANs
and
the
May
29,

1996
and
June
8,
1998
Paper
Products
RMANs.
Revised
recovered
materials
content
level
recommendations
for
the
steel
components
of
traffic
barricades
and
delineators,
steel
shower
and
restroom
dividers/

partitions,
and
steel
office
recycling
containers
and
waste
receptacles
are
included
in
today's
notice.

Part
C­­
Construction
Products
Note:
Refer
to
Section
E­
2­­
Plastic
Fencing
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
for
Specified
Uses
and
to
Part
F­­
Landscaping
Products
for
additional
items
that
can
be
used
in
construction
applications.

Section
C­
6
(
Revised).
Shower
and
Restroom
Dividers/
Partitions
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Steel
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
C­
6,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions.

Table
C­
6
(
Revised).­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Shower
and
Restroom
Dividers/
Partitions
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Steel
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
Postconsumer
recovered
Material
materials
materials
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Steel..........................................
16
25­
30
67
100
Plastic........................................
20­
100
20­
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
EPA's
recommendation
does
not
preclude
agencies
from
purchasing
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions
manufactured
from
another
material,
such
as
wood.
It
simply
recommends
that
procuring
agencies,

when
purchasing
shower
and
restroom
dividers/
partitions
made
from
plastic
or
steel,
purchase
these
items
made
from
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­

30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,

of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
following
specifications
when
procuring
shower
and
restroom
dividers/

partitions:

(
1)
The
American
Institute
of
Architects
(
AIA)
has
issued
guidance
for
specifying
construction
materials,
including
plastic
and
steel
dividers/
partitions.
The
AIA
guidance
is
known
throughout
the
construction
industry
as
the
  
Masterspec''
and
is
available
through
the
U.
S.
General
Services
Administration
(
GSA).

(
2)
U.
S.
Army
Corps
of
Engineers'
Guide
Specification
CEGS­
10160,

Toilet
Partitions.

Section
C­
8.
Carpet
Cushion
Made
from
Bonded
Polyurethane,
Jute,

Synthetic
Fibers,
or
Rubber
Containing
Recovered
Materials
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
C­
8,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
bonded
polyurethane,
jute,
synthetic
fiber,
or
rubber
carpet
cushion
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
C­
8.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Bonded
Polyurethane,
Jute,
Synthetic
Fiber,
and
Rubber
Carpet
Cushion
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
Postconsumer
recovered
Product
Material
content
(%)
materials
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Bonded
polyurethane.........
Old
carpet
15­
50
15­
50
cushion.

Jute........................
Burlap.........
40
40
Synthetic
fibers............
Carpet
­­
100
fabrication
scrap.

Rubber......................
Tire
rubber....
60­
90
60­
90
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
another
type
of
carpet
cushion.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
bonded
polyurethane,
jute,

synthetic
fiber,
or
rubber
carpet
cushions,
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.
Refer
to
Section
C­
4
in
RMAN
I
for
EPA's
recommendations
for
purchasing
polyester
carpet
containing
recovered
materials.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
carpet
cushion
specifications
unique
to
carpet
cushions
containing
recovered
materials.
Therefore,

EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
any
appropriate
standards
set
by
the
Carpet
and
Rug
Institute
and
the
Carpet
Cushion
Council
when
purchasing
bonded
polyurethane,
jute,
synthetic
fiber,
or
rubber
carpet
cushion
containing
recovered
materials.

Section
C­
9.
Flowable
Fill
Containing
Coal
Fly
Ash
and/
or
Ferrous
Foundry
Sands
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
flowable
fill
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands
for
backfill
and
other
fill
applications.
EPA
further
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
include
provisions
in
all
construction
contracts
involving
backfill
or
other
fill
applications
to
allow
for
the
use
of
flowable
fill
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands,

where
appropriate.

The
specific
percentage
of
coal
fly
ash
or
ferrous
foundry
sands
used
in
flowable
fill
depends
on
the
specifics
of
the
job,
including
the
type
of
coal
fly
ash
used
(
Class
C
or
Class
F);
the
strength,
set
time,
and
flowability
needed;
and
bleeding
and
shrinkage.
Therefore,

EPA
is
not
recommending
specific
coal
fly
ash
or
ferrous
foundry
sands
content
levels
for
procuring
agencies
to
use
in
establishing
minimum
content
standards
for
flowable
fill.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
refer
to
the
mix
proportions
in
Tables
C­
9a
and
C­
9b
for
typical
proportions
for
high
and
low
coal
fly
ash
content
mixes.
EPA
further
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
refer
to
American
Concrete
Institute
(
ACI)
report
ACI
229R­
94
for
guidance
on
the
percentages
of
coal
fly
ash
that
can
be
used
in
flowable
fill
mixtures.

[[
Page
3086]]
Table
C­
9a.­­
Typical
Proportions
for
High
Fly
Ash
Content
Flowable
Fills
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Component
Range
kg/
m3(
lb/
yd3)
Mix
design
kg/
m3
(
lb/
yd3)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Fly
ash
(
95%)...........................
949
to
1542
(
1600
to
2600)......
1234
(
2080)

Cement
(
5%).............................
47
to
74
(
80
to
125)............
62
(
104)

Added
water.............................
222
to
371
(
375
to
625).........
247
(
416)*
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total:............................
1543
(
2600)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

*
Equal
to
189
liters
(
50
gallons).

Source:
  
Fly
Ash
Facts
for
Highway
Engineers,''
FHWA­
SA­
94­
081,
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation,
Federal
Highway
Administration,
August
1995.

Table
C­
9b.­­
Typical
Proportions
for
Low
Fly
Ash
Content
Flowable
Fills
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Component
Range
kg/
m\
3\
(
lb/
yd\
3\)
Mix
design
kg/
m\
3\
(
lb/
yd\
3\)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Fly
ash
(
6%
to
14%).....................
119
to
297
(
200
to
500).........
178
(
300)

Cement..................................
30
to
119
(
50
to
200)...........
59
(
100)

Sand....................................
1483
to
1780
(
2500
to
3000).....
1542
(
2600)

Added
water.............................
198
to
494
(
333
to
833).........
297
(
500)*
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total:............................
2076
(
3500)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

High
calcium
fly
ash
is
used
in
lower
amounts
than
low
calcium
fly
ash.

*
Equal
to
227
liters
(
60
gallons).

Source:
  
Fly
Ash
Facts
for
Highway
Engineers,''
FHWA­
SA­
94­
081,
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation,
Federal
Highway
Administration,
August
1995.

Specifications:
The
following
recommendations
address
mix
designs,

test
methods,
and
performance
standards.

Mix
designs.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
ACI
report
ACI229R­
94,
  
Controlled
Low
Strength
Materials
(
CLSM)''
and
  
Fly
Ash
Facts
for
Highway
Engineers,''
(
FHWA­
SA­
94­
081,
U.
S.

Department
of
Transportation,
Federal
Highway
Administration,
August
1995)
in
developing
mix
designs.
Among
other
things,
ACI229R­
94
addresses
materials,
including
coal
fly
ash
and
foundry
sands,
mix
design,
and
mixing,
transporting,
and
placing.
It
also
provides
examples
of
mixture
designs
containing
coal
fly
used
by
the
states
of
Iowa,
Florida,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Oklahoma,
Michigan,
Ohio,
and
South
Carolina.
  
Fly
Ash
Facts
for
Highway
Engineers''
addresses
materials,

strength,
flowability,
time
of
set,
bleeding
and
shrinkage.

A
mix
design
for
the
use
of
foundry
sand
and
coal
fly
ash
in
flowable
fill
was
developed
for
Ford
Motor
Company.
Procuring
agencies
can
obtain
a
copy
of
this
design
by
contacting
the
RCRA
Hotline
at
1­

800­
424­
9346.
Table
C­
9c
provides
the
recommended
trial
mixture
from
this
specification.

Table
C­
9c.­­
Materials
Quantities
for
Flowable
Fill
Mixture
Containing
Foundry
Sands
and
Coal
Fly
Ash
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Quantity
per
cubic
Component
yard
(
lbs.)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Cement.....................................................
50
Coal
fly
ash...............................................
250
Foundry
sand...............................................
2,850
Water......................................................
500
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Materials
specifications
and
test
methods.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
ACI229R­
94
and
the
ASTM
standards
listed
in
Table
C­
9d
when
purchasing
flowable
fill
or
contracting
for
construction
that
involves
backfilling
or
other
fill
applications.

EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
refer
to
ASTM
C
33­
93,

  
Standard
Specification
for
Concrete
Aggregates,''
to
assure
the
quality
and
uniformity
of
the
ferrous
foundry
sands
used
as
aggregates
in
flowable
fills.

Table
C­
9d.­­
Recommended
Test
Methods
for
Flowable
Fills
(
Controlled
Low
Strength
Materials)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification
Number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

D4832­
95e1...................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Preparation
and
Testing
of
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material
(
CLSM)
Test
Cylinders.

D5239­
92.....................
Standard
Practice
for
Characterizing
Fly
Ash
for
Use
in
Soil
Stabilization.

D5971­
96.....................
Standard
Practice
for
Sampling
Freshly
Mixed
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material.

D6103­
07.....................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Flow
Consistency
of
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material.

D6023­
96.....................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Unit
Weight,

Yield,
Cement
Content
and
Air
Content
(
Gravimetric)
of
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material
(
CLSM).

D5971­
96.....................
Standard
Practice
for
Sampling
Freshly
Mixed
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material.

d6024­
96.....................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Ball
Drop
on
Controlled
Low
Strength
Material
(
CLSM)

to
Determine
Suitability
for
Load
Application.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

[[
Page
3087]]

State
specifications.
The
following
states
have
specifications
for
flowable
fill
containing
coal
fly
ash:
California,

Colorado,
Delaware,
Florida,
Georgia,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Kansas,

Kentucky,
Maryland,
Massachusetts,
Michigan,
Minnesota,
Nebraska,
New
Hampshire,
New
Mexico,
North
Carolina,
Ohio,
Texas,
Washington,
West
Virginia,
and
Wisconsin.

The
state
of
Ohio
has
a
specification
entitled
  
Flowable
Fill
Made
with
Spent
Foundry
Sand,''
and
the
states
of
Pennsylvania,
Wisconsin,

and
Indiana
are
developing
specifications
for
using
foundry
sands
in
flowable
fill.

If
needed,
procuring
agencies
can
obtain
state
specifications
from
the
respective
state
transportation
departments
and
adapt
them
for
use
in
their
programs.
ACI229R­
94
includes
mix
designs
from
several
of
these
states.
Contract
specifications.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
which
prepare
or
review
  
contract''
specifications
for
individual
construction
projects
revise
those
specifications
to
allow
the
use
of
flowable
fills
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands.
Performance
standards.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
review
and,
if
necessary,
revise
performance
standards
relating
to
fill
materials
to
insure
that
they
do
not
arbitrarily
restrict
or
preclude
the
use
of
flowable
fills
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands,
either
intentionally
or
inadvertently,

unless
the
restriction
is
justified
on
a
job­
by­
job
basis:
(
1)
To
meet
reasonable
performance
requirements
for
fill
materials
or
(
2)
because
the
use
of
coal
fly
ash
or
ferrous
foundry
sands
would
be
inappropriate
for
technical
reasons.
EPA
recommends
that
this
justification
be
documented
based
on
specific
performance
information.
Legitimate
documentation
of
technical
infeasibility
can
be
for
certain
classes
of
applications,
rather
than
on
a
job­
by­
job
basis.
Agencies
should
reference
such
documentation
in
individual
contract
specifications
to
avoid
extensive
repetition
of
previously
documented
points.
However,
procuring
agencies
should
be
prepared
to
submit
such
documentation
to
scrutiny
by
interested
parties
and
should
have
a
review
process
available
in
the
event
of
disagreements.

Promotion
program:
EPA
recommends
that,
as
part
of
the
promotion
programs
required
by
section
6002(
I)
of
the
Resource
Conservation
and
Recovery
Act,
procuring
agencies
conduct
demonstration
programs
for
using
flowable
fills
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands.
EPA
further
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
educate
construction
contractors
about
the
design,
use,
and
performance
of
flowable
fills
containing
coal
fly
ash
and/
or
ferrous
foundry
sands.

Section
C­
10.
Railroad
Grade
Crossing
Surfaces
Containing
Coal
Fly
Ash,

Recovered
Rubber,
or
Recovered
Steel
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
C­
10a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
concrete,

rubber,
and
steel
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces
containing
recovered
materials.

EPA
further
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
include
provisions
in
all
concrete
railroad
grade
crossing
construction
contracts
to
allow
for
the
use,
as
optional
or
alternate
materials,
of
concrete
containing
coal
fly
ash,
where
appropriate.

Table
C­
10a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Concrete,
Rubber,
and
Steel
Railroad
Grade
Crossing
Surfaces
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
Postconsumer
recovered
Surface
material
Recovered
material
content
(%)
materials
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ConcreteCoal..................................
fly
ash.........................
..............
15­
20
Rubber........................................
Tire
rubber.....................
..............
85­
95
Steel.........................................
Steel...........................
16
25­
30
67
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
another
type
of
railroad
grade
crossing
surface,
such
as
wood
or
asphalt.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
concrete,
rubber,
or
steel
grade
crossing
surfaces,
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.
The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
rubber
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces
are
based
on
the
weight
of
the
raw
materials,
exclusive
of
any
additives
such
as
binders
or
other
additives.

Coal
fly
ash
can
be
used
as
an
ingredient
of
concrete
slabs,
pavements,
or
controlled
density
fill
product,

depending
on
the
type
of
concrete
crossing
system
installed.
Higher
percentages
of
coal
fly
ash
can
be
used
in
the
concrete
mixture;
the
higher
percentages
help
to
produce
a
more
workable
and
durable
product
but
can
prolong
the
curing
process.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.
Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,
of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
standards
listed
in
Table
C­
10b
when
purchasing
rubber
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
and
AASHTO
standards
listed
in
Table
C­
10c
when
purchasing
concrete
railroad
grade
crossing
surfaces.

Table
C­
10b.­­
Recommended
Specifications
for
Rubber
Railroad
Grade
Crossings
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

D
2000­
96....................
Rubber
Products
in
Automotive
Applications.

D
2240­
97....................
Rubber
Property­­
Durometer
Hardness.

D
412­
97.....................
Vulcanized
Rubber
and
Thermoplastic
Rubbers
and
Thermoplastic
Elastomers­­

Tension.

D
297­
93.....................
Rubber
Products­­
Chemical
Analysis.

E
303­
93.....................
Measuring
Surface
Frictional
Properties
Using
the
British
Pendulum
Tester.

D
1171­
94....................
Rubber
Deterioration­­
Surface
Ozone
Cracking
Outdoors
or
Chamber
(
Triangular
Specimens).

D
573­
88.....................
Deterioration
in
an
Air
Oven.

[[
Page
3088]]
D
395­
89.....................
Rubber
Property­­
Compression
Set.

D
257­
93.....................
DC
Resistance
or
Conductance
of
Insulating
Materials.

D
2137­
94....................
Rubber
Property­­
Brittleness
Point
of
Flexible
Polymers
and
Coated
Fabrics.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Table
C­
10c.­­
Recommended
Specifications
for
Cement
and
Concrete
Containing
Recovered
Materials
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Specification
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
C
595..............................
Standard
Specification
for
Blended
Hydraulic
Cements
ASTM
C
150..............................
Standard
Specification
for
Portland
Cement.

AASHTO
M
240............................
Blended
Hydraulic
Cements.

ASTM
C
618..............................
Standard
Specification
for
Fly
Ash
and
Raw
or
Calcined
Natural
Pozzolan
for
Use
as
a
Mineral
Admixture
in
Portland
Cement
Concrete.

ASTM
C
311..............................
Standard
Methods
of
Sampling
and
Testing
Fly
Ash
and
Natural
Pozzolans
for
Use
as
a
Mineral
Admixture
in
Portland
Cement
Concrete.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Part
D.
Transportation
Products
Section
D­
1
(
Revised).
Temporary
Traffic
Control
Devices
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
D­
1,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
traffic
cones
and
traffic
barricades.

Table
D­
1
(
Revised).­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Traffic
Cones
and
Traffic
Barricades
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Postconsumer
Product
Material
materials
Total
recovered
(%)
materials
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Traffic
Cones...........................
PVC,
LDPE,
Crumb
Rubber........
­­
50­
100
Traffic
Barricades......................
HDPE,
LDPE,
PET................
80­
100
100
Steel..........................
16
25­
30
67
100
Fiberglass.....................
­­
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
are
based
on
the
dry
weight
of
the
raw
materials,

exclusive
of
any
additives
such
as
adhesives,
binders,
or
coloring
agents.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.
Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,
of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

Section
D­
3
(
Revised).
Channelizers,
Delineators,
and
Flexible
Delineators
Containing
Recovered
Plastic,
Rubber,
or
Steel
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
D­
3
(
Revised),
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
channelizers,
delineators,
and
flexible
delineators.

Table
D­
3
(
Revised).­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Channelizers,
Delineators,
and
Flexible
Delineators
Containing
Recovered
Plastic,
Rubber,
or
Steel
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Postconsumer
content
Product
Material
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Channelizers..................
Plastic..........
25­
95
Rubber
(
base
100
only).

Delineators...................
Plastic..........
25­
90
Rubber
(
base
100
only).

Steel
(
base
only)
16%
postconsumer
and
25­
30%
total
recovered
materials
or
67%
postconsumer
and
100%
total
recovered
materials.

Flexible
delineators..........
Plastic..........
25­
85
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
EPA's
recommendation
does
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
channelizers,
delineators,
or
flexible
delineators
manufactured
from
another
material.
It
simply
requires
that
a
procuring
agency,
when
purchasing
these
items
made
from
rubber,

plastic,
or
steel,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

[[
Page
3089]]

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­

30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,

of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
following
specifications
when
procuring
channelizers,
delineators,
and
flexible
delineators:

(
1)
The
Federal
Highway
Administration's
Manual
on
Uniform
Traffic
Control
Devices
contains
specifications
for
the
size,
shape,
mounting,

and
placement
of
temporary
traffic
control
devices.

(
2)
The
States
of
Florida
and
North
Carolina
have
specifications
that
require
the
use
of
recovered
materials
in
their
flexible
delineators.
The
California
Department
of
Transportation
(
CALTRANS)
has
specifications
for
  
Drivable
Flexible
Plastic
Guide
Marker
and
Clearance
Marker
Posts.''
A
copy
of
these
specifications
are
available
from
the
RCRA
Hotline
at
1­
800­
424­
9346.
Part
E.
Park
and
Recreation
Products
Section
E­
3.
Picnic
Tables
and
Park
Benches
Containing
Recovered
Steel,

Aluminum,
or
Plastic
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
E­
3a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
aluminum,

steel,
or
plastic
park
benches
and
picnic
tables
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
E­
3a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Park
Benches
and
Picnic
Tables
Containing
Recovered
Aluminum,
Steel,
Concrete
or
Plastic
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Plastics.......................................
90­
100
100
Plastic
composites.............................
50­
100
00
Aluminum.......................................
25
25
Concrete.......................................
............
15­
40
Steel..........................................
67
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:  
Plastics''
includes
both
single
and
mixed
plastic
resins.
Picnic
tables
and
park
benches
made
with
recovered
plastics
may
also
contain
other
recovered
materials
such
as
sawdust,
wood,
or
fiberglass.
The
percentage
of
these
materials
contained
in
the
product
would
also
count
toward
the
recovered
materials
content
level
of
the
item.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­

30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,

of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
park
benches
or
picnic
tables
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
park
benches
or
picnic
tables
made
from
plastic,
aluminum,
concrete,
or
steel
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

Specifications:
EPA
did
not
identify
any
specifications
for
park
benches
or
picnic
tables
made
from
steel,
concrete,
or
aluminum.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
for
park
benches
or
picnic
tables
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
products
containing
recovered
materials.

EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
specifications
referenced
in
Table
E­
3b
for
park
benches
and
picnic
tables
made
from
plastic
lumber.

Table
E­
3b.­­
Recommended
Specifications
for
Plastic
Lumber
Used
In
Park
Benches
and
Picnic
Tables
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

D
6108­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
Properties
of
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6109­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Flexural
Properties
of
Unreinforced
and
Reinforced
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6111­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Bulk
Density
and
Specific
Gravity
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes
by
Displacement.

D
6112­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
and
Flexural
Creep
and
Creep
Rupture
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.

D
6117­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Mechanical
Fasteners
in
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Section
E­
4.
Playground
Equipment
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
E­
4a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
playground
equipment
made
from
plastic
lumber,
steel,
or
aluminum
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
E­
4a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Playground
Equipment
Containing
Recovered
Plastic,
Steel,
or
Aluminum
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Plastics.......................................
90­
100
100
Plastic
Composites.............................
50­
75
95­
100
Steel..........................................
16
25­
30
67
100
Aluminum.......................................
25
25
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
  
Plastics''
includes
both
single
and
mixed
plastic
resins.

Playground
equipment
made
with
recovered
plastics
may
also
contain
other
recovered
materials
such
as
wood
or
fiberglass.
The
percentage
of
these
materials
contained
in
the
product
would
also
count
toward
the
recovered
materials
content
level
of
the
item.

[[
Page
3090]]

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­

30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,
of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
playground
equipment
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
playground
equipment
made
from
plastic,
aluminum,
or
steel
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
the
item
meets
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
specifications
in
Table
E­
4b
when
procuring
playground
equipment.

Playground
equipment
may
also
be
subject
to
state
and
local
codes
and
standards
as
well
as
Federal
child
safety
laws.
EPA
also
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
specifications
referenced
in
Table
E­
4c
for
playground
equipment
made
from
plastic
lumber.

Table
E­
4b.­­
Recommended
Safety
Specifications
for
Playground
Equipment
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Specification
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Consumer
Product
Safety
Commission
(
CPSC)
Handbook
for
Public
Publication
No.
325.
Playground
Safety.

ASTM
F­
1487­
95............................
Safety
Performance
Specification
for
Playground
Equipment
for
Public
Use.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Table
E­
4c.­­
Recommended
Specifications
for
Plastic
Lumber
Used
In
Playground
Equipment
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
Specification
Number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

D
6108­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
Properties
of
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6109­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Flexural
Properties
of
Unreinforced
and
Reinforced
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6111­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Bulk
Density
and
Specific
Gravity
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes
by
Displacement.

D
6112­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
and
Flexural
Creep
and
Creep
Rupture
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.

D
6117­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Mechanical
Fasteners
in
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Part
F.
Landscaping
Products
Section
F­
2
(
Revised).
Compost
Made
From
Yard
Trimmings
and/
or
Food
Waste
Note:
Following
are
EPA's
revised
recommendations
for
purchasing
compost.
The
revisions
add
recommendations
for
purchasing
compost
made
from
food
waste
to
EPA's
1995
recommendations
for
purchasing
yard
trimmings
compost.
Procuring
agencies
should
substitute
these
recommendations
for
the
recommendations
found
in
Section
F­
2
of
the
1995
RMAN
I.

Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
purchase
or
use
compost
made
from
yard
trimmings,
leaves,
grass
clippings
and/
or
food
wastes
in
such
applications
as
landscaping,
seeding
of
grass
or
other
plants
on
roadsides
and
embankments,
as
nutritious
mulch
under
trees
and
shrubs,
and
in
erosion
control
and
soil
reclamation.

EPA
further
recommends
that
those
procuring
agencies
that
have
an
adequate
volume
of
yard
trimmings,
leaves,
grass
clippings,
and/
or
food
wastes,
as
well
as
sufficient
space
for
composting,
should
implement
a
composting
system
to
produce
compost
from
these
materials
to
meet
their
landscaping
and
other
needs.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
relating
to
landscaping,
soil
amendments,
erosion
control,
or
soil
reclamation
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
compost.
For
instance,
if
specifications
address
the
use
of
straw
or
hay
in
roadside
revegetation
projects,
procuring
agencies
should
assess
whether
compost
could
substitute
for
straw
or
hay
or
be
used
in
combination
with
them.

The
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation's
  
Standard
Specifications
for
Construction
of
Roads
and
Bridges
on
Federal
Highway
Projects
1996,''
specifies
compost
as
one
of
the
materials
suitable
for
use
in
roadside
revegetation
projects
associated
with
road
construction.
These
standards
do
not
preclude
the
use
of
compost
made
from
yard
trimmings,

leaves,
grass,
clippings,
and/
or
food
waste.

The
State
of
Maine
has
developed
quality
standards
for
compost
products
that
are
used
by
its
agencies
and/
or
purchased
with
state
funds.
The
quality
standards
have
been
set
for
six
types
of
compost
products,
ranging
from
topsoil
(
three
classes),
to
wetland
substrate,

to
mulch
(
two
classes).
For
each
of
these
types
of
compost
product,

standards
for
maturity,
odor,
texture,
nutrients,
pH,
salt
content,

organic
content,
pathogen
reduction,
heavy
metals,
foreign
matter,

moisture
content,
and
density
have
been
established.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
obtain
and
adapt
this
or
another
suitable
specification
for
their
use
in
purchasing
compost
products.

The
Composting
Council
is
helping
to
define
and
develop
industry
wide
standards
for
composts
made
from
various
combinations
of
materials,
including
yard
trimmings,
leaves,
grass
clippings,
and
food
wastes.
The
Composting
Council
publishes
these
standards
in
an
operating
guide
for
composting
facilities
entitled,
  
Test
Methods
for
Examination
of
Composting
and
Compost.''
The
guide
also
provides
standards
for
the
suitability
of
different
types
of
composts
made
for
different
applications,
depending
on
the
compost
mix.

Section
F­
5.
Plastic
Lumber
Landscaping
Timbers
and
Posts
Containing
Recovered
Materials
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
F­
5a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
plastic
lumber
landscaping
timbers
and
posts
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
F­
5a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Plastic
Lumber
Landscaping
Timbers
and
Posts
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
Total
Post
recovered
Material
consumer
materials
content
content
(%)
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

HDPE..............................................
25­
100
75­
100
Mixed
Plastics/
Sawdust............................
50
100
HDPE/
Fiberglass...................................
75
95
Other
mixed
resins................................
50­
100
95­
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
wooden
landscaping
timbers
and
posts.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
plastic
landscaping
timbers
and
posts
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
the
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

[[
Page
3091]]
Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
specifications
referenced
in
Table
F­
5b
for
plastic
lumber
landscaping
timbers
and
posts.

Table
F­
5b.­­
Recommended
Specifications
for
Plastic
Lumber
Landscaping
Timbers
and
Posts
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

D
6108­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
Properties
of
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6109­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Flexural
Properties
of
Unreinforced
and
Reinforced
Plastic
Lumber.

D
6111­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Bulk
Density
and
Specific
Gravity
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes
by
Displacement.

D
6112­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Compressive
and
Flexural
Creep
and
Creep
Rupture
of
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.

D
6117­
97...............................
Standard
Test
Method
for
Mechanical
Fasteners
in
Plastic
Lumber
and
Shapes.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Part
G.
Non­
Paper
Office
Products
Section
G­
1
(
Revised).
Office
Recycling
Containers
and
Office
Waste
Receptacles
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
G­
1
(
Revised),
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
office
recycling
containers
and
office
waste
receptacles.

Table
G­
1
(
Revised)­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Office
Recycling
Containers
and
Office
Waste
Receptacles
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Recovered
materials
(
materials
Product
and
percent)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Office
Recycling
Containers
and
Office
Plastic:
20­
100
Postconsumer
Waste
Receptacles.
Recovered
Materials.

Paper:
Refer
to
the
Paper
Products
Recommendations
in
Part
A
of
RMAN.

Steel:
16%
postconsumer
and
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
EPA's
recommendations
for
office
recycling
containers
and
office
waste
receptacles
containing
recovered
plastic,
paper,
or
steel
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
containers
or
receptacles
manufactured
from
another
material,
such
as
wood.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
office
recycling
containers
or
office
waste
receptacles
manufactured
from
plastic,
paper,
or
steel,
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
the
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
are
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Section
G­
8.
Solid
Plastic
Binders,
Plastic
Clipboards,
Plastic
File
Folders,
Plastic
Clip
Portfolios,
and
Plastic
Presentation
Folders
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
G­
8,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
solid
plastic
binders,
plastic
clipboards,
plastic
file
folders,
plastic
clip
portfolios,
and
plastic
presentation
folders
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
G­
8.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Solid
Plastic
Binders,
Clipboards,
File
Folders,

Clip
Portfolios,
and
Presentation
Folders
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
Postconsumer
recovered
Product
Material
content
(%)
materials
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Solid
plastic
binders...................
HDPE..................................
90
90
PE....................................
30­
50
30­
50
PET...................................
100
100
Misc.
Plastics........................
80
80
Plastic
clipboards......................
HDPE..................................
90
90
PS....................................
50
50
Misc.
Plastics........................
15
15­
80
Plastic
file
folders....................
HDPE..................................
90
90
Plastic
clip
portfolios.................
HDPE..................................
90
90
Plastic
presentation
folders............
HDPE..................................
90
90
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
binders,
clipboards,
file
folders,
clip
portfolios,
or
presentation
folders
made
from
another
material,
such
as
paper.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
these
items
made
from
solid
plastic,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
plastics
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.
For
EPA's
recommendations
for
purchasing
pressboard
binders
and
paper
file
folders
containing
recovered
materials,
see
table
A­
1c
in
the
Paper
Products
RMAN
(
61
FR
26986,
May
29,
1996).
See
Table
G­
3
in
RMAN
I
for
EPA's
recommendations
for
purchasing
plastic­
covered
binders
containing
recovered
materials.

Specifications:
EPA
did
not
identify
any
specifications
for
solid
plastic
binders,
clipboards,
file
folders,
clip
portfolios,
and
presentation
folders.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
for
these
items
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
products
containing
recovered
materials.

[[
Page
3092]]

Part
H.
Miscellaneous
Products
Section
H­
2.
Sorbents
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
2a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
sorbent
materials
for
use
in
oil
and
solvent
clean­
ups
and
for
use
as
animal
bedding.

Table
H­
2a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Sorbents
Used
in
Oil
and
Solvents
Clean­
ups
and
for
Use
as
Animal
Bedding
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Paper..........................................
90­
100
100
Textiles.......................................
95­
100
95­
100
Plastics.......................................
............
25­
100
Wood...........................................
............
100
Other
Organics/
Multi­
Materials.................
............
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:  
Wood''
includes
materials
such
as
sawdust
and
lumber
mill
trimmings.
Examples
of
  
other
organics''
include,
but
are
not
limited
to,
peanut
hulls
and
corn
stover.
An
example
of
  
multi­
material''

sorbents
would
include,
but
not
be
limited
to,
a
polymer
and
cellulose
fiber
combination.

EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
sorbents
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
sorbents
made
from
paper,
wood,
textiles,

plastics,
or
other
organic
materials,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

Specifications:
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
for
sorbents
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
products
containing
recovered
materials.

EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
use
the
ASTM
specifications
in
Table
H­
2b
when
procuring
sorbents
for
use
on
oil
and
solvent
cleanups
Table
H­
2b.­­
ASTM
Specifications
for
Absorbents
and
Adsorbents
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

F
716­
81................................
Standard
Method
of
Testing
Sorbent
Performance
of
Adsorbents.

F
716­
82................................
Standard
Method
of
Testing
Sorbent
Performance
of
Absorbents.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Section
H­
3.
Industrial
Drums
Containing
Recovered
Steel,
Plastic,
and
Paper
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
3,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
steel,

plastic,
or
fiber
industrial
drums
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
further
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
reuse
drums,
purchase
or
use
reconditioned
drums,
or
procure
drum
reconditioning
services,
whenever
feasible.
Table
H­
3.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Steel,
Plastic,
and
Fiber
Industrial
Drums
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
Postconsumer
recovered
Product
Material
content
(%)
materials
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Steel
drums.............................
Steel.................................
16
25­
30
Plastic
drums...........................
HDPE..................................
30­
100
30­
100
Fiber
drums.............................
Paper.................................
100
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendation
does
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
another
type
of
industrial
drum.

It
simply
requires
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
steel,
plastic,
or
fiber
industrial
drums,

purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
are
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
specifications
unique
to
industrial
drums
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
notes
that
industrial
drums
containing
recovered
materials
can
meet
applicable
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
specifications
for
packaging
hazardous
materials.
Additionally,
the
National
Motor
Freight
Traffic
Association
specifications
for
containers
used
to
transport
goods
via
truck
do
not
prohibit
the
use
of
industrial
drums
containing
recovered
materials.

Section
H­
4.
Awards
and
Plaques
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
4,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
awards
and
plaques
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
H­
4.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Awards
and
Plaques
Containing
Recovered
Materials
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Glass..........................................
75­
100
100
Wood...........................................
............
100
Paper..........................................
40­
100
40­
100
Plastic
and
Plastic/
Wood
Composite.............
50­
100
95­
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
awards
or
plaques
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
awards
or
plaques
made
from
paper,
wood,
glass,
or
plastics/
plastic
composites,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
specifications
or
standards
for
awards
or
[[
Page
3093]]

plaques
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
for
awards
and
plaques
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
products
containing
recovered
materials.

Section
H­
5.
Mats
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
5,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
mats
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
H­
5.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Mats
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Rubber.........................................
75­
100
85­
100
Plastic........................................
10­
100
100
Rubber/
Plastic
Composite.......................
100
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Note:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
mats
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
mats
made
from
rubber
and/
or
plastic,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.
When
purchasing
mats
with
steel
or
aluminum
linkages,
the
Agency
recommends
that
these
linkages
also
contain
recovered
materials.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
specifications
or
standards
for
mats
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
recommends
that
procuring
agencies
ensure
that
there
is
no
language
in
their
specifications
for
mats
that
would
preclude
or
discourage
the
use
of
products
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
is
aware
of
one
ASTM
specification
for
wrestling
mats,
but
does
not
believe
that
this
type
of
mat
is
purchased
in
appreciable
quantities
by
procuring
agencies.

Section
H­
6.
Manual­
Grade
Strapping
Containing
Recovered
Steel
and
Plastic
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
6a,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
manual­
grade
strapping
containing
recovered
materials.

Table
H­
6a.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Manual­
Grade
Polyester,
Polypropylene,
and
Steel
Strapping
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Product
Material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Polyester
strapping........................
PET.....................................
50­
85
50­
85
Polypropylene
strapping....................
PP......................................
............
10­
40
Steel
strapping............................
Steel...................................
16
25­
30
67
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
another
type
of
strapping,
such
as
nylon.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
polyester,
polypropylene,
or
steel
manual­
grade
strapping,
purchase
these
items
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­
30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.
Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,
of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
specifications
unique
to
strapping
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
notes
that
strapping
containing
recovered
materials
can
meet
the
ASTM
strapping
specifications
and
selection
guide
listed
in
Table
H­
6b.

Table
H­
6b.­­
Recommended
ASTM
Specifications
and
Guide
for
Strapping
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
specification/
guide
number
Title
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

ASTM
3953...............................
Standard
Specification
for
Strapping,
Flat
Steel
and
Seals.

ASTM
D
3950.............................
Standard
Specification
for
Strapping,
Nonmetallic
(
and
Joining
Methods).

ASTM
D
4675.............................
Standard
Guide
for
Selection
and
Use
of
Flat
Strapping
Materials.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Section
H­
7.
Signage
Preference
Program:
EPA
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
7,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
plastic
signs
for
non­
road
applications
(
e.
g.,
building
signs,
trail
signs)
and
aluminum
signs
for
roadway
or
non­
road
applications
containing
recovered
materials.
EPA
also
recommends
that,
based
on
the
recovered
materials
content
levels
shown
in
Table
H­
7,
procuring
agencies
establish
minimum
content
standards
for
use
in
purchasing
sign
supports
and
posts
containing
recovered
plastic
or
steel.

Table
H­
7.­­
Recommended
Recovered
Materials
Content
Levels
for
Signs
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Aluminum
and
Sign
Posts/
Supports
Containing
Recovered
Plastic
or
Steel
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Total
recovered
Item/
material
Postconsumer
materials
content
(%)
content
(%)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Plastic
signs..................................
80­­
100
80­
100
Aluminum
signs.................................
25
25
Plastic
sign
posts/
supports....................
80­
100
80­
100
Steel
sign
posts/
supports......................
16
25­
30
67
100
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

Notes:
Plastic
signs
and
sign
posts
are
recommended
for
nonroad
applications
only
such
as,
but
not
limited
to,
railway
signs
in
parks
and
directional/
informational
signs
in
buildings.

[[
Page
3094]]

The
recommended
recovered
materials
content
levels
for
steel
in
this
table
reflect
the
fact
that
the
designated
items
can
be
made
from
steel
manufactured
in
either
a
Basic
Oxygen
Furnace
(
BOF)
or
an
Electric
Arc
Furnace
(
EAF).
Steel
from
the
BOF
process
contains
25%­

30%
total
recovered
materials,
of
which
16%
is
postconsumer
steel.

Steel
from
the
EAF
process
contains
a
total
of
100%
recovered
steel,

of
which
67%
is
postconsumer.

EPA's
recommendations
do
not
preclude
a
procuring
agency
from
purchasing
signs
or
sign
posts
made
from
other
materials.
They
simply
require
that
procuring
agencies,
when
purchasing
signs
made
from
plastic
or
aluminum
or
sign
posts
made
from
plastic
or
steel,
purchase
them
made
with
recovered
materials
when
these
items
meet
applicable
specifications
and
performance
requirements.

Specifications:
EPA
is
not
aware
of
specifications
for
non­
road
signs
containing
recovered
materials.
Standard
specifications
for
road
sign
size,
lettering,
color,
strength,
and
performance
requirements
can
be
found
in
the
  
Manual
on
Uniform
Traffic
Control
Devices,''
which
is
published
by
the
Federal
Highway
Administration.
Applicable
portions
of
this
manual
have
been
placed
in
the
RCRA
public
docket
for
the
proposed
CPG/
RMAN
III
notices.

[
FR
Doc.
00­
1068
Filed
1­
18­
00;
8:
45
am]

BILLING
CODE
6560­
50­
U
