
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 143 (Thursday, July 27, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 34861-34870]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-15380]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 141

[EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284; FRL-9964-78-OW]


Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the 
Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis 
and Sampling Procedures

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This action announces the U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency's (EPA's) approval of alternative testing methods for use in 
measuring the levels of contaminants in drinking water and determining 
compliance with national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe 
Drinking Water Act authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative 
testing methods through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is 
using this streamlined authority to make 17 additional methods 
available for analyzing drinking water samples. This expedited approach 
provides public water systems, laboratories, and primacy agencies with 
more timely access to new measurement techniques and greater 
flexibility in the selection of analytical methods, thereby reducing 
monitoring costs while maintaining public health protection.

DATES: This action is effective July 27, 2017.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284. All documents in the docket are 
listed on the http://www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in 
the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., 
confidential business information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as 
copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be 
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket 
materials are available electronically through http://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800) 
426-4791 or Glynda Smith, Technical Support Center, Standards and Risk 
Management Division, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (MS 
140), Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King 
Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268; telephone number: (513) 569-7652; email 
address: smith.glynda@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

    Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure 
contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as 
well as states and tribal governments with authority to administer the 
regulatory program for public water systems under the Safe Drinking 
Water Act (SDWA) may measure contaminants in water samples. When EPA 
sets a monitoring requirement in its national primary drinking water 
regulations for a given contaminant, the agency also establishes (in 
the regulations) standardized test procedures for analysis of the 
contaminant. This action makes alternative testing methods available 
for particular drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods 
currently established in the regulations. EPA is providing public water 
systems, required to test water samples, with a choice of using either 
a test procedure already established in the existing regulations or an 
alternative testing method that has been approved in this action or in 
prior expedited approval actions. Categories and entities that may 
ultimately be affected by this action include:

 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Category                        Examples of potentially regulated entities        NAICS \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State, local, & tribal governments............  State, local and tribal governments that analyze          924110
                                                 water samples on behalf of public water systems
                                                 required to conduct such analysis; state, local
                                                 and tribal governments that directly operate
                                                 community and non-transient non-community water
                                                 systems required to monitor.
Industry......................................  Private operators of community and non-transient          221310
                                                 non-community water systems required to monitor.
Municipalities................................  Municipal operators of community and non-                 924110
                                                 transient non-community water systems required
                                                 to monitor.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System.

    This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be interested in this 
action. This table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware 
could potentially be affected by

[[Page 34862]]

this action. Other types of entities not listed in the table could also 
have some interest. To determine whether your facility is affected by 
this action, you should carefully examine the applicability language in 
the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of a 
public water system). If you have questions regarding the applicability 
of this action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the 
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

Abbreviations and Acronyms Used In This Action

APHA: American Public Health Association
ATP: Alternate Test Procedure
CBI: Confidential Business Information
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency
GWR: Ground Water Rule
HAA: Haloacetic Acid
HAA5: Haloacetic Acids (five) (sum of monochloroacetic acid, 
dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid and 
dibromoacetic acid)
IC: Ion Chromatography
ISFETs: Ion Selective Field Effect Transistors
LED: Light Emitting Diode
NAICS: North American Industry Classification System
QC: Quality Control
RTCR: Revisions to the Total Coliform Rule
SDWA: The Safe Drinking Water Act
SM: Standard Method
TCR: Total Coliform Rule
VCSB: Voluntary Consensus Standard Bodies

II. Background

A. What is the purpose of this action?

    In this action, EPA is approving 17 analytical methods for 
determining contaminant concentrations in drinking water samples 
collected under SDWA. Regulated parties required to sample and monitor 
may use either the testing methods already established in existing 
regulations or the alternative testing methods being approved in this 
action or in prior expedited approval actions. The new methods are 
listed along with other methods similarly approved through previous 
expedited actions in 40 CFR part 141, appendix A to subpart C and on 
EPA's drinking water methods Web site at https://www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods.

B. What is the basis for this action?

    When EPA determines that an alternative analytical method is 
``equally effective'' (i.e., as effective as a method that has already 
been promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the 
use of the alternative testing method through publication in the 
Federal Register (see section 1401(1) of SDWA). EPA is using this 
streamlined approval authority to make 17 additional methods available 
for determining contaminant concentrations in drinking water samples 
collected under SDWA. EPA has determined that, for each contaminant or 
group of contaminants listed in Section III, the additional testing 
methods being approved in this action are as effective as one or more 
of the testing methods already approved in the regulations for those 
contaminants. Section 1401(1) of SDWA states that the newly approved 
methods ``shall be treated as an alternative for public water systems 
to the quality control and testing procedures listed in the 
regulation.'' Accordingly, this action makes these additional 17 
analytical methods legally available as options for meeting EPA's 
monitoring requirements.
    This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for 
informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR 
part 141 that lists all methods approved under section 1401(1) of SDWA. 
Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is updating CFR text 
and therefore is being published in the ``Final Rules'' section of the 
Federal Register.

III. Summary of Approvals

    EPA is approving 17 methods that are equally effective relative to 
methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this 
action, these 17 methods are added to appendix A to subpart C of 40 CFR 
part 141.

A. Methods Developed by EPA

    1. EPA Method 150.3, Determination of pH in Drinking Water (USEPA 
2017). EPA Method 150.3 was developed in response to comments from 
state regulators and utility operators that EPA Methods 150.1 (USEPA 
1983a) and 150.2 (USEPA 1983b), currently approved at 40 CFR 
141.23(k)(1) for standalone and continuous online pH monitoring, 
respectively, do not address the current pH technologies available for 
pH monitoring in drinking water utilities. Specifically, the 
stakeholders requested that a new method address the different types of 
pH analyzers and require calibration frequency, calibration 
verification, sampling, and other analytical aspects to assure that the 
procedure is robust and applicable to the monitoring configurations 
that exist in drinking water public utilities.
    EPA Method 150.3 allows the use of bench-top, portable and 
continuous monitoring pH meters including newer sensor technologies 
that are designed for the analysis of pH (e.g., solid state ion 
selective field effect transistors (ISFETs)), provided that the 
required quality control (QC) acceptance criteria defined in the method 
can be met. The calibration procedure in the older continuous 
monitoring EPA Method 150.2 does not distinguish between pH electrodes 
that can be easily removed from the process stream and electrodes that 
cannot be easily removed. The new method simplifies the calibration of 
continuous monitoring pH meters through the use of either direct or 
indirect (grab sample) calibration techniques. EPA Method 150.3 defines 
the frequencies for calibration and calibration verifications and the 
required measurement acceptance criteria. In addition, the method 
incorporates guidelines to assist operators with potential problems 
such as the effect of temperature on pH measurement.
    EPA has determined that EPA Method 150.3 is equally effective for 
measuring pH, relative to EPA Methods 150.1 and 150.2. The basis for 
this determination is discussed in Adams (2017a). EPA is therefore 
approving use of EPA Method 150.3 for standalone and continuous online 
pH monitoring of drinking water. Available at the National Service 
Center for Environmental Publications (www.epa.gov/nscep).

B. Methods Developed by Voluntary Consensus Standard Bodies (VCSB)

    1. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 
(Standard Methods). In 2007, the GA method (GA 2004) for determination 
of radium-226 and radium-228 by gamma spectrometry was approved in the 
drinking water regulations at 40 CFR 141.25(a). The method had 
undergone evaluation through the drinking water Alternate Test 
Procedure (ATP) program and was examined for acceptability through a 
multi-laboratory validation study. The validation study assessed system 
background, sensitivity, precision and accuracy for drinking water 
samples drawn from multiple sources around the United States. Standard 
Method 7500-Ra E published in the 22nd edition (APHA 2012) and its 
identical online version, 7500-Ra E-07 (APHA 2007) were developed 
directly from the GA gamma spectrometry method, and thus entail the 
same sample collection and handling protocols, sample preparation, 
detection procedure, and method performance data.
    EPA has determined that Standard Methods 7500-Ra E and 7500-Ra E-07 
are equally effective, relative to the approved GA method. The basis 
for this determination is discussed in Smith (2017a). EPA is therefore 
approving Standard Methods 7500-Ra E and 7500-

[[Page 34863]]

Ra E-07 method for determining radium-226 and radium-228 in drinking 
water by gamma spectrometry.
    An additional new online Standard Method 7110 D-17 (APHA 2017) was 
submitted for evaluation as an alternative to the approved EPA Method 
900.0 (USEPA 1980) for the analysis of gross alpha and gross beta 
activity in drinking water. Standard Method 7110 D-17 involves the 
simultaneous analysis of gross alpha and gross beta activities by 
liquid scintillation counting using alpha/beta discrimination.
    EPA Method 900.0 was promulgated in the drinking water regulations 
at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as a screening method to determine whether specific 
radionuclide analyses are required. While technically simple to 
perform, the accuracy of the results obtained with EPA Method 900.0 can 
be affected by the radionuclides used for calibration, variability in 
the drinking water dissolved solids, and the sample geometry. Sample 
self-absorption occurs when radioactive emissions interact with the 
solid film of residue, which results from evaporating the drinking 
water samples to dryness. This significantly limits the level of 
dissolved solids that can be tolerated.
    In the liquid scintillation method, self-absorption does not occur 
as long as solids are dissolved and homogeneously mixed with the 
scintillation cocktail. The performance of Standard Method 7110 D-17 
was evaluated through a multi-laboratory study that assessed the 
sensitivity, background, accuracy and precision in drinking water 
matrices containing variable dissolved solids levels. EPA has 
determined that Standard Method 7110 D-17 is equally as effective for 
gross alpha and gross beta measurement as the approved EPA Method 
900.0. The basis for this determination is discussed in Smith and 
Wendelken (2017). EPA is therefore approving the use of Standard Method 
7110 D-17 for gross alpha and gross beta determination in drinking 
water.
    The online version is available at http://www.standardmethods.org.
    2. ASTM International. EPA compared the most recent versions of 
seven ASTM International methods to the earlier versions of those 
methods that are currently approved in 40 CFR part 141. The new 
versions included changes such as:

 Additional sample handling and preservation instructions to 
assure safety of field samplers (D 2972-15 B, C; D 3559-15 D; D 3645-15 
B; and D 3859-15 A, B)
 Additional quality control (D 2972-15 B, C; D 3559-15 D; D 
3645-15 B; D 3859-15 A, B; and D 6508-15)

    Changes between the earlier approved version and the most recent 
version of each method are described more fully in Smith (2017b). The 
additional revisions involve editorial changes (e.g., updated 
references, definitions, terminology, procedural clarifications, and 
reorganization of text). The revised methods are the same as the 
approved versions with respect to sample collection and handling 
protocols, sample preparation, analytical methodology, and method 
performance data; thus, EPA finds they are equally effective relative 
to the approved methods.
    EPA is thus approving the use of the following ASTM methods for the 
contaminants and their respective regulations listed in the following 
table:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       ASTM revised version            Approved method          Contaminant                 Regulation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D 2972-15 B (ASTM 2015a)..........  D 2972-03 B (ASTM      Arsenic.............  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003a).
D 2972-15 C (ASTM 2015a)..........  D 2972-03 C (ASTM      Arsenic.............  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003a).
D 3559-15 D (ASTM 2015b)..........  D 3559-03 D (ASTM      Lead................  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003b).
D 3645-15 B (ASTM 2015c)..........  D 3645-03 B (ASTM      Beryllium...........  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003c).
D 3859-15 A (ASTM 2015d)..........  D 3859-03 A (ASTM      Selenium............  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003d).
D 3859-15 B (ASTM 2015d)..........  D 3859-03 B (ASTM      Selenium............  40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                     2003d).
D 6508-15 (ASTM 2015e)............  D 6508-00 (ASTM 2000)  Nitrate, Nitrite,     40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).
                                                            Orthophosphate.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    An additional ASTM Method D 7283-17 (ASTM 2017) was submitted for 
evaluation as an alternate test method to the approved EPA Method 900.0 
(USEPA 1980) for the analysis of gross alpha and gross beta activity in 
drinking water. ASTM Method D 7283-17 involves the simultaneous 
analysis of gross alpha and gross beta activities by liquid 
scintillation counting using alpha/beta discrimination.
    EPA Method 900.0 was promulgated in the drinking water regulations 
at 40 CFR 141.25(a) as a screening method to determine whether specific 
radionuclide analyses are required. While technically simple to 
perform, the accuracy of the results obtained with EPA Method 900.0 can 
be affected by the radionuclides used for calibration, variability in 
the drinking water dissolved solids, and the sample geometry. Sample 
self-absorption occurs when radioactive emissions interact with the 
solid film of residue, which results from evaporating drinking water 
samples to dryness. This significantly limits the level of dissolved 
solids that can be tolerated.
    In the liquid scintillation method, self-absorption does not occur 
as long as solids are dissolved and homogeneously mixed with the 
scintillation cocktail. The performance of ASTM Method D 7283-17 was 
evaluated through a multi-laboratory study that assessed the 
sensitivity, background, accuracy and precision in drinking water 
matrices containing variable dissolved solids levels. EPA has 
determined that ASTM Method D 7283-17 is equally as effective for gross 
alpha and gross beta measurement as the approved EPA Method 900.0. The 
basis for this determination is discussed in Smith and Wendelken 
(2017). EPA is therefore approving the use of ASTM D 7283-17 for gross 
alpha and gross beta determination in drinking water.
    The ASTM methods are available from ASTM International, 100 Barr 
Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or http://www.astm.org.

C. Methods Developed by Vendors

    1. Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., ``TECTATM EC/TC 
Medium and the TECTATM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method 
for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli 
(E. coli) in Drinking Water, March 20, 2017, Version 2.0'' (Pathogen 
Detection Systems, Inc., 2017). TectaTM EC/TC is a 
microbiological method for the simultaneous detection of total 
coliforms and E. coli in drinking water. This method detects the 
presence/absence of total coliforms and E. coli in 100 mL samples of 
drinking water by enzymatic cleavage of fluorogenic compounds, which 
then yield a fluorescent response. The TECTATM TC/EC method 
uses an automated instrument for incubation and detection of total 
coliforms and E. coli. Approved drinking water methods for total

[[Page 34864]]

coliforms are listed at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5) under the Revisions to the 
Total Coliform Rule (RTCR). Methods approved for E. coli in drinking 
water are listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2) under the Ground Water Rule 
(GWR), and at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5) under the RTCR. TECTATM 
EC/TC (``TECTATM EC/TC Medium and the TECTATM 
Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of 
Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E.coli) in Drinking Water, May 
22, 2014, Version 1.0'' (Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 2014)) was 
approved as being equally effective relative to the approved Standard 
Method 9221 B for total coliforms under the Total Coliform Rule (TCR) 
and RTCR, and Standard Method 9221 F for E. coli under the TCR, GWR, 
and RTCR in the June 19, 2014, expedited methods approval action (USEPA 
2014). This action is approving a modified version of this method. For 
the latest version of this method, modifications were made to the TECTA 
B16 unit. System mass was reduced by using reconfigured heating blocks; 
components were simplified; and underutilized features were eliminated. 
These modifications are described in the docket document ``Summary of 
Hardware and Software Modifications TECTA B16 Rev 1.0 versus TECTA B16 
Rev 2.0 November 12, 2015'' (Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 2015). 
The modifications made for this method did not include any changes to 
the detection algorithm. EPA reviewed the changes that were made and 
determined that the modifications did not affect the performance of the 
method. Therefore, EPA has determined that the TECTA EC/TC Version 2.0 
method is equally as effective as the approved TECTA EC/TC Version 1.0 
method. A more detailed description of the basis for this determination 
is discussed in Sinclair (2017). Accordingly, EPA is approving this 
revised method ``TECTATM EC/TC Medium and the 
TECTATM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the 
Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. 
coli) in Drinking Water, March 20, 2017, Version 2.0'' for the 
determination of total coliforms and E. coli in drinking water. TECTA 
EC/TC is an automated and self-contained method, but is subject to the 
requirements for certified laboratories described in 40 CFR 141.28. A 
copy of the TECTA EC/TC method is available from Pathogen Detection 
Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 
2Y2.
    2. Thermo Fisher Method 557.1--Determination of Haloacetic Acids in 
Drinking Water using Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography with Suppressed 
Conductivity Detection (Thermo Fisher 2017a). Thermo Fisher Method 
557.1 is a method for the determination of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in 
drinking water using a multiple cut, two-dimensional ion chromatography 
(IC) technology that separates the HAAs from matrix interferences in 
the first dimension, followed by resolution of the HAAs on a small-bore 
column in the second dimension. Detection and quantitation in the 
second dimension are accomplished by suppressed conductivity 
measurement.
    The sum of five HAAs (monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, 
trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid) is 
regulated as ``HAA5.'' The approved methods for HAA5 are listed at 40 
CFR 141.131(b)(1). The performance of Thermo Fisher Method 557.1 for 
each of the five regulated HAAs was compared to the performance 
criteria established in the approved EPA Methods 552.2 (USEPA 1995) and 
552.3, Revision 1.0 (USEPA 2003) for the same compounds. Performance 
was demonstrated in a variety of drinking water samples derived from 
both surface and ground water sources. Successful matrix elimination in 
the first dimension was demonstrated by analysis of high ionic strength 
matrices containing common anions in drinking water such as chloride, 
sulfate, bicarbonate and nitrate. Performance results are summarized in 
the method validation summary report (Thermo Fisher 2017b). EPA has 
determined that Thermo Fisher Method 557.1 is equally effective for 
measuring HAA5 relative to the approved EPA Methods 552.2 and 552.3. 
The basis for this determination is discussed in Smith (2017c). 
Therefore, EPA is approving Thermo Fisher Method 557.1 for determining 
HAA5 in drinking water. A copy of the method is available from Thermo 
Fisher Scientific, 490 Lakeside Dr., Sunnyvale, CA 94085 
(Richard.jack@thermofisher.com).
    3. Tintometer Lovibond PTV 1000 Method--Continuous Measurement of 
Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 1000 White Light LED 
Turbidimeter (Tintometer 2016a). The Tintometer Lovibond PTV 1000 
Method uses light emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to continuously 
measure turbidity in drinking water. The LED emits white light in the 
visible spectrum between 380 nm and 780 nm, with spectral peak response 
between 400 nm and 600 nm. The method is based on a comparison of the 
intensity of light scattered by a drinking water sample under defined 
conditions with the intensity of light scattered by a standard 
reference suspension. The PTV 1000 turbidimeter incorporates a sample 
deaerator to remove air bubbles and uses heated optics to prevent 
condensation.
    Approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). 
The performance characteristics of the Lovibond PTV 1000 Method were 
compared to the performance characteristics of the approved Hach Filter 
Trak Method 10133 (Hach Company 2000). The validation study report 
(Tintometer 2016b) summarizes the results obtained from the 
turbidimeters placed online at three different utilities. Each utility 
used surface water sources, but different treatment technologies. 
Sampling was important to ensure representative tracking and response 
times between the turbidimeters. The sample stream flowed to a manifold 
that split it into equal streams, with one stream leading to each 
instrument in the study.
    EPA has determined that the Lovibond PTV 1000 Method is equally 
effective relative to Hach Filter Trak Method 10133. The basis for this 
determination is discussed in Adams (2017b). Therefore, EPA is 
approving the Lovibond PTV 1000 Method for determining turbidity in 
drinking water. A copy of the method is available from Tintometer, 
Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243 (http://lovibond.com/ptv1000/).
    4. Tintometer Lovibond PTV 2000 Method--Continuous Measurement of 
Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 2000 660-nm LED 
Turbidimeter (Tintometer 2016c). The Tintometer Lovibond PTV 2000 
Method uses light emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to continuously 
measure turbidity in drinking water. The 660 nm LED has a peak emitting 
wavelength between 650 nm and 670 nm. Use of a 660 nm LED source 
reduces interferences due to dissolved organics and sample color. The 
method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by 
a drinking water sample under defined conditions with the intensity of 
light scattered by a standard reference suspension. The PTV 2000 
turbidimeter incorporates a sample deaerator to remove air bubbles and 
uses heated optics to prevent condensation.
    Approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). 
The performance characteristics of the Lovibond PTV 2000 Method were 
compared to the performance characteristics of the approved Hach

[[Page 34865]]

Filter Trak Method 10133 (Hach Company 2000). The validation study 
report (Tintometer 2016b) summarizes the results obtained from the 
turbidimeters placed online at three different utilities. Each utility 
used surface water sources, but different treatment technologies. 
Sampling was important to ensure representative tracking and response 
times between the turbidimeters. The sample stream flowed to a manifold 
that split it into equal streams, with one stream leading to each 
instrument in the study.
    EPA has determined that the Lovibond PTV 2000 Method is equally 
effective relative to Hach Filter Trak Method 10133. The basis for this 
determination is discussed in Adams (2017c). Therefore, EPA is 
approving the Lovibond PTV 2000 Method for determining turbidity in 
drinking water. A copy of the method is available from Tintometer, 
Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243 (http://lovibond.com/ptv1000/).
    5. Tintometer Lovibond PTV 6000 Method--Continuous Measurement of 
Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 6000 Laser Turbidimeter 
(Tintometer 2016d). The Tintometer Lovibond PTV 6000 Method uses laser 
nephelometry to continuously measure turbidity in drinking water. The 
method uses a 685 nm laser diode with a peak emitting center wavelength 
between 650 nm and 690 nm. The incident laser light is a highly 
collimated beam of high energy light and its small diameter reduces 
stray light interference, resulting in improved method sensitivity. The 
method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by 
a drinking water sample under defined conditions with the intensity of 
light scattered by a standard reference suspension. The PTV 6000 
turbidimeter incorporates a sample deaerator to remove air bubbles and 
uses heated optics to prevent condensation.
    Approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). 
The performance characteristics of the Lovibond PTV 6000 Method were 
compared to the performance characteristics of the approved Hach Filter 
Trak Method 10133 (Hach Company 2000). The validation study report 
(Tintometer 2016b) summarizes the results obtained from the 
turbidimeters placed online at three different utilities. Each utility 
used surface water sources, but different treatment technologies. 
Sampling was important to ensure representative tracking and response 
times between the turbidimeters. The sample stream flowed to a manifold 
that split it into equal streams, with one stream leading to each 
instrument in the study.
    EPA has determined that the Lovibond PTV 6000 Method is equally 
effective relative to Hach Filter Trak Method 10133. The basis for this 
determination is discussed in Adams (2017d). Therefore, EPA is 
approving the Lovibond PTV 6000 Method for determining turbidity in 
drinking water. A copy of the method is available from Tintometer, 
Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243 (http://lovibond.com/ptv1000/ ).

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    As noted in Section II, under the terms of SDWA section 1401(1), 
this streamlined method approval action is not a rule. Accordingly, the 
Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small 
Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply 
because this action is not a rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3). 
Similarly, this action is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act 
because it is not subject to notice and comment requirements under the 
Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute. In addition, because 
this approval action is not a rule, but simply makes alternative 
testing methods available as options for monitoring under SDWA, EPA has 
concluded that other statutes and executive orders generally applicable 
to rulemaking do not apply to this approval action.

V. References

Adams, W. 2017a. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of EPA Method 150.3 for determination of pH. February 2017. 
(Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2017-0284.)
Adams, W. 2017b. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of Tintometer method for continuous measurement of drinking 
water turbidity using a Lovibond PTV 1000 white light LED 
turbidimeter. January 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Adams, W. 2017c. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of Tintometer method for continuous measurement of drinking 
water turbidity using a Lovibond PTV 2000 660 nm LED turbidimeter. 
January 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID 
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Adams, W. 2017d. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of Tintometer method for continuous measurement of drinking 
water turbidity using a Lovibond PTV 6000 laser turbidimeter. 
January 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID 
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
American Public Health Association (APHA). 2007. Standard Method 
7500-Ra E-07, Radium--Gamma Spectroscopy Method. Approved by 
Standard Methods Committee 2007. Standard Methods Online (Available 
at http://www.standardmethods.org)
American Public Health Association (APHA). 2012. 22nd Edition of 
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 
American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW., Washington, DC 
20001-3710.
American Public Health Association (APHA). 2017. Standard Method 
7110 D-17. Liquid Scintillation Spectroscopic Method for Gross 
Alpha-Beta. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2017. Standard 
Methods Online (Available at http://www.standardmethods.org)
ASTM International. 2000. ASTM D 6508-00. Standard Test Method for 
Determination of Dissolved Inorganic Anions in Aqueous Matrices 
Using Capillary Ion Electrophoresis and Chromate Electrolyte. ASTM 
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003a. ASTM D 2972-03 B, C. Standard Test 
Methods for Arsenic in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor 
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003b. ASTM D 3559-03 D. Standard Test Methods 
for Lead in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003c. ASTM D 3645-03 B. Standard Test Methods 
for Beryllium in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2003d. ASTM D 3859-03 A, B. Standard Test 
Methods for Selenium in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor 
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2015a. ASTM D 2972-15 B, C. Standard Test 
Methods for Arsenic in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor 
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2015b. ASTM D 3559-15 D. Standard Test Methods 
for Lead in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2015c. ASTM D 3645-15 B. Standard Test Methods 
for Beryllium in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2015d. ASTM D 3859-15 A, B. Standard Test 
Methods for Selenium in Water. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor 
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)

[[Page 34866]]

ASTM International. 2015e. ASTM D 6508-15. Standard Test Method for 
Determination of Dissolved Inorganic Anions in Aqueous Matrices 
Using Capillary Ion Electrophoresis and Chromate Electrolyte. ASTM 
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
ASTM International. 2017. Standard Test Method for Alpha and Beta 
Activity in Water by Liquid Scintillation Counting. ASTM 
International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. (Available at http://www.astm.org.)
GA. 2004. Method for the Determination of Radium-228 and Radium-226 
in Drinking Water by Gamma-ray Spectrometry using HPGE or Ge(Li) 
Detectors. December 2004. Revision 1.2. Environmental Resource 
Center, Georgia Institute for Technology, 620 Cherry Street, 
Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0335. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Hach Company. 2000. Hach FilterTrak Method 10133--Determination of 
Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry. January 2000. Revision 2.0. 5600 
Lindbergh Drive, Loveland, Colorado 80539. (Available at http://www.hach.com.)
Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 2014. TECTATM EC/TC 
Medium and the TECTATM Instrument: A Presence/Absence 
Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and 
Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water. May 22, 2014. Version 
1.0. Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 382 King Street East, 
Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 2Y2. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 2015. Summary of hardware and 
software modifications, TECTA B16 Rev. 1.0 versus TECTA B16 Rev. 
2.0, November 12, 2015. Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 382 King 
Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 2Y2. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 2017. TECTATM EC/TC 
Medium and the TECTATM Instrument: A Presence/Absence 
Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and 
Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water. March 20, 2017. 
Version 2.0. Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc. 382 King Street East, 
Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 2Y2. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Sinclair, J. 2017. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of TECTA EC/TC method, Version 2.0. February 14, 2017. 
(Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2017-0284.)
Smith, G. 2017a. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of Standard Methods 7500-Ra E (22nd ed.) and 7500-Ra E-07. 
February 28, 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket 
ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Smith, G. 2017b. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of updated methods from ASTM International. February 28, 
2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Smith, G. 2017c. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited 
approval of Thermo Fisher Method 557.1 for determination of 
haloacetic acids in drinking water. February 13, 2017. (Available at 
http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Smith, G. and Wendelken, S. 2017. Memo to the record describing 
basis for expedited approval of Standard Method 7110 D-17 and ASTM 
Method D 7283-17. June 5, 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Thermo Fisher. 2017a. Thermo Fisher Method 557.1: Determination of 
Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water using Two-Dimensional Ion 
Chromatography with Suppressed Conductivity Detection. January 2017. 
Version 1.0. Thermo Fisher Scientific, 490 Lakeside Drive, 
Sunnyvale, CA 94085. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; 
docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Thermo Fisher. 2017b. Validation Summary Report for Thermo Fisher 
Method 557.1. May 11, 2017. Thermo Fisher Scientific, 490 Lakeside 
Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94085. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Tintometer. 2016a. Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water 
Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 1000 White Light LED Turbidimeter--
The Lovibond White Light LED Method. December 2016. Revision 1.0. 
Tintometer, Inc. 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243. (Available 
at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Tintometer. 2016b. Alternate Test Procedure (ATP) Validation Study 
Report for the Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity up to 10 NTU 
using the Candidate Lovibond Turbidity Methods, Represented by the 
PTV 1000, PTV 2000, and PTV 6000 Turbidimeters. December 20, 2016. 
Tintometer, Inc. 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243. (Available 
at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Tintometer. 2016c. Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water 
Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 2000 660-nm LED Turbidimeter--The 
Lovibond 660-nm LED Method. December 2016. Revision 1.0. Tintometer, 
Inc. 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
Tintometer. 2016d. Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water 
Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 6000 Laser Turbidimeter--The Lovibond 
6000 Laser Method. December 2016. Revision 1.0. Tintometer, Inc. 
6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
USEPA. 1980. EPA Method 900.0. Gross Alpha and Gross Beta 
Radioactivity in Drinking Water in ``Prescribed Procedures for 
Measurement of Radioactivity in Drinking Water,'' EPA-600/4-80-032, 
August 1980. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov; docket ID No. EPA-
HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
USEPA. 1983a. EPA Method 150.1. pH in ``Methods for Chemical 
Analysis of Water and Wastes,'' EPA/600/4-79-020, March 1983. 
(Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2017-0284.)
USEPA. 1983b. EPA Method 150.2. pH, Continuous Monitoring 
(Electrometric), in ``Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and 
Wastes,'' EPA/600/4-79-020, March 1983. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)
USEPA. 1995. EPA Method 552.2, Rev. 1.0. ``Determination of 
Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid 
Extraction, Derivatization and Gas Chromatography with Electron 
Capture Detection,'' in Methods for the Determination of Organic 
Compounds in Drinking Water, Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95/131, 
August 1995. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 2003. EPA Method 552.3, Determination of Haloacetic Acids and 
Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Microextraction, 
Derivatization and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture 
Detection, EPA 815-B-03-002, July 2003. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 2014. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for 
the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; 
Analysis and Sampling Procedures, 79 FR 35081, June 19, 2014.
USEPA. 2017. EPA Method 150.3, Determination of pH in Drinking 
Water, EPA 815-B-17-001, February 2017. (Available at http://www.regulations.gov; docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0284.)

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians--lands, 
Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Water supply.

    Dated: July 5, 2017.
Peter Grevatt,
Director, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental 
Protection Agency amends 40 CFR part 141 as follows:

[[Page 34867]]

PART 141--NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS

0
1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-1, 300g-2, 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-
5, 300g-6, 300j-4, 300j-9, and 300j-11.


0
2. Appendix A to subpart C of part 141 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising the entries for ``Arsenic,'' ``Beryllium,'' ``Lead,'' 
``Nitrate,'' ``Nitrite,'' ``Orthophosphate,'' ``pH,'' and ``Selenium'' 
in the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS 
LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1).''
0
b. By revising the table entitled ``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR 
CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.25(a).''
0
c. By revising the entry for ``Turbidity'' in the table entitled 
``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 
141.74(a)(1).''
0
d. By revising the entry for ``HAA5'' in the table entitled 
``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 
141.131(b)(1).''
0
e. By revising the entry for ``E. coli'' in the table entitled 
``ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 
141.402(c)(2).''
0
f. By revising the entries for ``Total Coliforms'' and ``Escherichia 
coli'' in the table entitled ``ALTERNATE TESTING METHODS FOR 
CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5).''
0
g. By revising footnote 33.
0
h. By adding footnotes 43 through 48.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:

APPENDIX A TO SUBPART C OF PART 141--ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS 
APPROVED FOR ANALYSES UNDER THE SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT

* * * * *

                                                           Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   SM 21st edition    SM 22nd edition
           Contaminant                  Methodology             EPA method               \1\                \28\          SM online \3\          ASTM \4\                      Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
Arsenic..........................  Atomic Absorption;    .......................  3113 B...........  3113 B...........  3113 B-04, B-10.  D 2972-08 C, -15 C....
                                    Furnace.
                                   Hydride Atomic        .......................  3114 B...........  3114 B...........  3114 B-09.......  D 2972-08 B, -15 B....
                                    Absorption.
                                   Axially viewed        200.5, Revision 4.2.\2\
                                    inductively coupled
                                    plasma-atomic
                                    emission
                                    spectrometry (AVICP-
                                    AES).
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
Beryllium........................  Inductively Coupled   .......................  3120 B...........  3120 B...........
                                    Plasma.
                                   Atomic Absorption;    .......................  3113 B...........  3113 B...........  3113 B-04, B-10.  D 3645-08 B, -15 B....
                                    Furnace.
                                   Axially viewed        200.5, Revision 4.2.\2\
                                    inductively coupled
                                    plasma-atomic
                                    emission
                                    spectrometry (AVICP-
                                    AES).
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
Lead.............................  Atomic Absorption;    .......................  3113 B...........  3113 B...........  3113 B-04, B-10.  D 3559-08 D, -15 D....
                                    Furnace.
                                   Axially viewed        200.5, Revision 4.2.\2\
                                    inductively coupled
                                    plasma-atomic
                                    emission
                                    spectrometry (AVICP-
                                    AES).
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
Nitrate..........................  Ion Chromatography..  .......................  4110 B...........  4110 B...........  ................  D 4327-11.............
                                   Automated Cadmium     .......................  4500-NO3- F......  4500-NO3- F......
                                    Reduction.
                                   Manual Cadmium        .......................  4500-NO3- E......  4500-NO3- E......
                                    Reduction.
                                   Ion Selective         .......................  4500-NO3- D......  4500-NO3- D......
                                    Electrode.
                                   Reduction/            .......................  .................  .................  ................  ......................  Systea Easy (1-Reagent) \8\
                                    Colorimetric.                                                                                                                  NECi Nitrate-Reductase.\40\
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
                                   Colorimetric; Direct  .......................  .................  .................  ................  ......................  Hach TNTplus\TM\ 835/836
                                                                                                                                                                   Method 10206.\23\
                                   Capillary Ion         .......................  .................  .................  ................  D 6508-15.............
                                    Electrophoresis.
Nitrite..........................  Ion Chromatography..  .......................  4110 B...........  4110 B...........  ................  D 4327-11.............
                                   Automated Cadmium     .......................  4500-NO3- F......  4500-NO3- F......
                                    Reduction.
                                   Manual Cadmium        .......................  4500-NO3- E......  4500-NO3- E......
                                    Reduction.
                                   Spectrophotometric..  .......................  4500-NO2- B......  4500-NO2- B......
                                   Reduction/            .......................  .................  .................  ................  ......................  Systea Easy (1-Reagent) \8\
                                    Colorimetric.                                                                                                                  NECi Nitrate-Reductase.\40\
 

[[Page 34868]]

 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
                                   Capillary Ion         .......................  .................  .................  ................  D 6508-15.............
                                    Electrophoresis.
Orthophosphate...................  Ion Chromatography..  .......................  4110 B...........  4110 B...........  ................  D 4327-11.............
                                   Colorimetric,         .......................  4500-P E.........  4500-P E.........  4500-P E-99.....
                                    ascorbic acid,
                                    single reagent.
                                   Colorimetric,         .......................  4500-P F.........  4500-P F.........  4500-P F-99.....  ......................  Thermo Fisher Discrete
                                    Automated, Ascorbic                                                                                                            Analyzer.\41\
                                    Acid.
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
                                   Capillary Ion         .......................  .................  .................  ................  D 6508-15.............
                                    Electrophoresis.
pH...............................  Electrometric.......  150.3 \48\.............  4500-H\+\ B......  4500-H\+\ B......  ................  D 1293-12.............
Selenium.........................  Hydride-Atomic        .......................  3114 B...........  3114 B...........  3114 B-09.......  D 3859-08 A, --15 A...
                                    Absorption.
                                   Atomic Absorption;    .......................  3113 B...........  3113 B...........  3113 B-04, B-10.  D 3859-08 B, -15 B....
                                    Furnace.
                                   Axially viewed        200.5, Revision 4.2.
                                    inductively coupled   \2\
                                    plasma-atomic
                                    emission
                                    spectrometry (AVICP-
                                    AES).
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

                                         Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.25(a)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Contaminant              Methodology      SM 21st edition \1\     SM 22nd edition \28\          ASTM \4\                  SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Naturally Occurring:
    Gross alpha and beta.....  Evaporation.....  7110 B.................  7110 B................
                               Liquid            .......................  ......................  D 7283-17.............  7110 D-17
                                Scintillation.
    Gross alpha..............  Coprecipitation.  7110 C.................  7110 C................
    Radium 226...............  Radon emanation.  7500-Ra C..............  7500-Ra C.............  D 3454-05.............
                               Radiochemical...  7500-Ra B..............  7500-Ra B.............  D 2460-07.............
                               Gamma             .......................  7500-Ra E.............  ......................  7500-Ra E-07
                                Spectrometry.
    Radium 228...............  Radiochemical...  7500-Ra D..............  7500-Ra D.............
                               Gamma             .......................  7500-Ra E.............  ......................  7500-Ra E-07
                                Spectrometry.
    Uranium..................  Radiochemical...  7500-U B...............  7500-U B..............
                               ICP-MS..........  3125...................  ......................  D 5673-05, 10.........
                               Alpha             7500-U C...............  7500-U C..............  D 3972-09.............
                                spectrometry.
                               Laser             .......................  ......................  D 5174-07.............
                                Phosphorimetry.
                               Alpha Liquid      .......................  D 6239-09.............
                                Scintillation
                                Spectrometry.
Man-Made:
    Radioactive Cesium.......  Radiochemical...  7500-Cs B..............  7500-Cs B.............
                               Gamma Ray         7120...................  7120..................  D 3649-06.............
                                Spectrometry.
    Radioactive Iodine.......  Radiochemical...  7500-I B...............  7500-I B..............  D 3649-06.
                                                 7500-I C...............  7500-I C,.............
                                                 7500-I D...............  7500-I D..............
                               Gamma Ray         7120...................  7120..................  D 4785-08.............
                                Spectrometry.
    Radioactive Strontium 89,  Radiochemical...  7500-Sr B..............  7500-Sr B.............
     90.
    Tritium..................  Liquid            7500-\3\''H B..........  7500-\3\ H B..........  D 4107-08.............
                                Scintillation.
    Gamma Emitters...........  Gamma Ray         7120...................  7120..................  D 3649-06.
                                Spectrometry.    7500-Cs B..............  7500-Cs B.............  D 4785-08.............
                                                 7500-I B...............  7500-I B..............
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                       Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Organism               Methodology      SM 21st edition \1\     SM 22nd edition \28\        SM online \3\                   Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
Turbidity....................  Nephelometric     2130 B.................  2130 B................
                                Method.
                               Laser             .......................  ......................  ......................  Mitchell M5271.\10\ Mitchell
                                Nephelometry                                                                               M5331, Rev. 1.2.\42\ Lovibond
                                (online).                                                                                  PTV 6000.\46\
                               LED Nephelometry  .......................  ......................  ......................  Mitchell M5331 \11\ Mitchell
                                (online).                                                                                  M5331, Rev. 1.2.\42\ Lovibond
                                                                                                                           PTV 2000.\45\
                               LED Nephelometry  .......................  ......................  ......................  AMI Turbiwell.\15\ Lovibond
                                (online).                                                                                  PTV 1000.\44\
                               LED Nephelometry  .......................  ......................  ......................  Orion AQ4500.\12\
                                (portable).
                               360[deg]          .......................  ......................  ......................  Hach Method 10258.\39\
                                Nephelometry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 34869]]

* * * * *

                                                           Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                         SM 21st edition
           Contaminant                  Methodology             EPA method             ASTM \4\        SM online \3\           \1\         SM 22nd  edition \28\               Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
HAA5.............................  LLE (diazomethane)/   .......................  .................  6251 B-07........  6251 B..........  6251 B................
                                    GC/ECD.
                                   Ion Chromatography    557. \14\
                                    Electrospray
                                    Ionization Tandem
                                    Mass Spectrometry
                                    (IC-ESI-MS/MS).
                                   Two-Dimensional Ion   .......................  .................  .................  ................  ......................  Thermo Fisher 557.1.\47\
                                    Chromatography (IC)
                                    with Suppressed
                                    Conductivity
                                    Detection.
 
                                                                                          * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

                                       Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     SM 20th edition      SM 21st         SM 22nd
            Organism                 Methodology           \6\          edition \1\    edition \28\       SM Online \3\                 Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli........................  Colilert[supreg]..  ...............  9223 B........  9223 B........  9223 B-97, B-04.....
                                 Colisure[supreg]..  ...............  9223 B........  9223 B........  9223 B-97, B-04.....
                                 Colilert-18.......  9223 B.........  9223 B........  9223 B........  9223 B-97, B-04.....
                                 Readycult[supreg].  ...............  ..............  ..............  ....................  Readycult.[supreg] \20\
                                 Colitag...........  ...............  ..............  ..............  ....................  Modified Colitag.\TM\ \13\
                                 Chromocult[supreg]  ...............  ..............  ..............  ....................  Chromocult.[supreg] \21\
                                 EC-MUG............  ...............  ..............  9221 F........  9221 F-06...........
                                 Tecta EC/TC. \33\
                                  \43\
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

                                       Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.852(a)(5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Methodology                                SM 20th, 21st  editions
           Organism                  category               Method                      1 6              SM 22nd edition \28\         SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliforms...............  Lactose            Standard Total Coliform   ........................  9221 B.1, B.2..........  9221 B.1, B.2-06.
                                 Fermentation       Fermentation Technique.
                                 Methods.
                                Enzyme Substrate   Colilert[supreg]........  ........................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                 Methods.
                                                   Colisure[supreg]........  ........................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                                   Colilert-18.............  9223 B..................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                                   Tecta EC/TC. 33 43
Escherichia coli..............  Escherichia coli   EC-MUG medium...........  ........................  9221 F.1...............  9221 F.1-06.
                                 Procedure
                                 (following
                                 Lactose
                                 Fermentation
                                 Methods).
                                Enzyme Substrate   Colilert[supreg]........  ........................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                 Methods.
                                                   Colisure[supreg]........  ........................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                                   Colilert-18.............  9223 B..................  9223 B.................  9223 B-04.
                                                   Tecta EC/TC. 33 43
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
  NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
\2\ EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ``Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission
  Spectrometry.'' 2003. EPA/600/R-06/115. (Available at http://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.)
\3\ Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods
  Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used.
\4\ Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or http://astm.org. The methods listed are the only
  alternative versions that may be used.
 * * * * * * *
\6\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
  NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
 * * * * * * *
\8\ Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ``Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method,'' February 4, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Systea Scientific,
  LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
 * * * * * * *

[[Page 34870]]

 
\10\ Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from
  Leck Mitchell, Ph.D., PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
\11\ Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from
  Leck Mitchell, Ph.D., PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
\12\ Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. ``Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' May 8, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from
  Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915, http://www.thermo.com.
\13\ Modified ColitagTM Method. ``Modified ColitagTM Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D05-
  0035),'' August 28, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from CPI International, 5580 Skylane Boulevard, Santa Rosa, CA 95403.
\14\ EPA Method 557. ``Determination of Haloacetic Acids, Bromate, and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem
  Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS),'' September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-012. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications
  (www.epa.gov/nscep). Search ``815B09012''.
\15\ AMI Turbiwell, ``Continuous Measurement of Turbidity Using a SWAN AMI Turbiwell Turbidimeter,'' August 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or
  from Markus Bernasconi, SWAN Analytische Instrumente AG, Studbachstrasse 13, CH-8340 Hinwil, Switzerland.
 * * * * * * *
\20\ Readycult[supreg] Method, ``Readycult[supreg] Coliforms 100 Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and
  Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,'' January, 2007. Version 1.1. Available from EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290
  Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.
\21\ Chromocult[supreg] Method, ``Chromocult[supreg] Coliform Agar Presence/Absence Membrane Filter Test Method for Detection and Identification of
  Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,'' November, 2000. Version 1.0. EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany),
  290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.
 * * * * * * *
\23\ Hach Company. ``Hach Company TNTplus\TM\ 835/836 Nitrate Method 10206--Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nitrate in Water and Wastewater,'' January
  2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539. (Available at http://www.hach.com.)
 * * * * * * *
\28\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street
  NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
 * * * * * * *
\33\ Tecta EC/TC. ``Techta\TM\ EC/TC Medium and Techta\TM\ Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and
  Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,'' version 1.0, May 2014. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East,
  Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.
 * * * * * * *
\39\ Hach Company. ``Hach Method 10258--Determination of Turbidity by 360[deg] Nephelometry,'' January 2016. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389,
  Loveland, CO 80539. (Available at http://www.hach.com.)
\40\ Nitrate Elimination Company Inc. (NECi). ``Method for Nitrate Reductase Nitrate-Nitrogen Analysis of Drinking Water,'' February 2016. Superior
  Enzymes Inc., 334 Hecla Street, Lake Linden, Michigan 49945.
\41\ Thermo Fisher. ``Thermo Fisher Scientific Drinking Water Orthophosphate Method for Thermo Scientific Gallery Discrete Analyzer,'' February 2016.
  Revision 5. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ratastie 2, 01620 Vantaa, Finland.
\42\ Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.2. ``Determination of Turbidity by LED or Laser Nephelometry,'' February 2016. Available from Leck Mitchell,
  Ph.D., PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
\43\ Tecta EC/TC. ``TectaTM EC/TC Medium and the TectaTM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and
  Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,'' version 2.0, February 2017. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East,
  Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.
\44\ Lovibond PTV 1000. ``Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 1000 White Light LED Turbidimeter,'' December 2016.
  Revision 1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.
\45\ Lovibond PTV 2000. ``Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 2000 660-nm LED Turbidimeter,'' December 2016.
  Revision 1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.
\46\ Lovibond PTV 6000. ``Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 6000 Laser Turbidimeter,'' December 2016. Revision
  1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.
\47\ Thermo Fisher. ``Thermo Fisher Method 557.1: Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water using Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography with
  Suppressed Conductivity Detection,'' January 2017. Version 1.0. Available from Thermo Fisher Scientific, 490 Lakeside Dr., Sunnyvale, CA 94085
  (Richard.jack@thermofisher.com).
\48\ EPA Method 150.3. ``Determination of pH in Drinking Water,'' February 2017. EPA 815-B-17-001. Available at the National Service Center for
  Environmental Publications (www.epa.gov/nscep).

[FR Doc. 2017-15380 Filed 7-26-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


