--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MEMORANDUM

TO:	Jesse Pritts, EPA OW EAD

FROM:	James K. O'Connell and Cortney Itle, ERG

DATE:	May 6, 2016

SUBJECT:	Centralized Waste Treatment NPDES Permit Review DCN CWT00544

Introduction
EPA/EAD is conducting a detailed study of the centralized waste treatment (CWT) point source category (regulated under 40 CFR 437) to evaluate whether the current Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards (ELGs) for the industry should be revised in response to the increased use of CWT facilities to manage wastewater from the oil and gas extraction industry. 
As part of this study, EPA has tasked ERG with evaluating the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit limitations and other permit requirements at CWT facilities. The CWT permits evaluated include all direct discharging CWT facilities (those at facilities that accept oil and gas extraction wastes, as well as those that may potentially accept these wastes in the future). This memorandum summarizes the results of these evaluations.
Current Regulations and ELG Requirements
Direct dischargers must comply with effluent limitations in NPDES permits. Technology-based effluent limitations and standards in NPDES permits are derived from ELGs or based on best professional judgment (BPJ) where EPA has not promulgated an applicable standard. EPA establishes ELGs for categories of industrial dischargers based on the degree of control that can be achieved using various levels of pollution control technology, including: best practicable control technology currently available (BPT), best conventional control technology (BCT), best available technology economically achievable (BAT), and new source performance standards (NSPS). 

When the application of effluent guidelines results in pollutant discharges exceeding the water quality standards, permit writers are required by the CWA and federal guidelines to develop more stringent water- quality- based effluent limitations (WQBELs) for the pollutant to ensure that the water quality standards are met. Water quality standards are set by states or EPA depending upon the designated uses of the receiving waters.

This section summarizes the regulations currently in place for the oil and gas extraction and CWT point source categories. These regulations and their interactions, as they relate to oil and gas extraction, are summarized in Figure 1 and described in greater detail in the subsections below.
                                       
  Figure 1. Oil and Gas Extraction Wastewater Management and Applicable ELGs


40 CFR 435: Oil and Gas Extraction Point Source Category
Discharges from oil and gas extraction activities are regulated under 40 CFR 435.  The guidelines for Part 435 include eight subparts, presented in Table 2-1.  

Table 2-1 Subparts of 40 CFR Part 435 and their Applicability and Limitations
                                    Subpart
                                     Title
                           Applicability/Description
                                  Limitations
A
Offshore Subcategory
Facilities engaged in field exploration, drilling, well production, and well treatment in the oil and gas industry which are located in waters that are seaward of the inner boundary of the territorial seas as defined in 502(g) of the Clean Water Act.
See Table 2-2 and Table 2-3
B
Reserved
C
Onshore Subcategory
Facilities engaged in the production, field exploration, drilling, well completion, and well treatment in the oil and gas extraction industry which are located landward of the inner boundary of the territorial seas as defined in 40 CFR 125.1(gg) and which are not included within subpart D, E, or F
EPA promulgated BPT regulations for the onshore subcategory of the oil and gas industry in 1979, requiring zero discharge of produced water. On April 7, 2015, EPA proposed pretreatment standards. For UOG facilities, the proposed pretreatment standards require zero discharge of extraction wastewater. For COG facilities, the proposed pretreatment standards are reserved.
D
Coastal Subcategory
Facilities engaged in field exploration, drilling, well production, and well treatment in the oil and gas industry in areas defined as "coastal."[1]
See Table 2-2 andTable 2-4. EPA established zero discharge as BAT for the coastal subcategory (except for Cook Inlet[2])  because it is technically available, economically achievable and reflects the appropriate level of BAT control.
E
Agricultural and Wildlife Water Use Subcategory
Onshore facilities located in the continental United States and west of the 98th meridian for which the produced water has a use in agriculture or wildlife propagation when discharged into navigable waters.[3] These facilities are engaged in the production, drilling, well completion, and well treatment in the oil and gas extraction industry.
Subpart E requires no discharge of waste pollutants into navigable waters from any source other than produced water.  Produced water discharges have a daily maximum limitation of 35 mg/L for oil and grease by the application of the BPT.
F
Stripper Subcategory
Onshore facilities which produce 10 barrels per well per calendar day or less of crude oil and which are operating at the maximum feasible rate of production and in accordance with recognized conservation practices. These facilities are engaged in production and well treatment.
This subcategory has no limitations. Technology-based limitations are developed on a case-by-case basis or in a state-wide general permit.
G
General Provisions
This subpart is intended to prevent oil and gas facilities, for which standards have been promulgated under this part, from circumventing the ELGs applicable to those facilities by moving effluent produced in one subcategory to another subcategory for disposal under less stringent requirements than intended by this part.
Subpart G provides guidelines prohibiting oil and gas facilities from moving effluent produced in one subcategory to another subcategory for disposal under less stringent requirements than intended by this part. According to Subpart G, the effluent limitations of the original subcategory apply if the wastewater is treated in an allocation covered by one subcategory but is returned to the original subcategory for disposal.
H (Proposed)
Coalbed Methane Subcategory
Reserved
On April 7, 2015, EPA proposed Subpart H for coalbed methane facilities, but the limitations and standards are reserved.
Source: 40 CFR Part 435.10-70.
 The term "coastal" shall mean any location in or on a water of the United States landward of the inner boundary of the territorial seas (40 CFR Part 435.40(a)) or any location landward from the inner boundary of the territorial seas and bounded on the inland side by specific longitude and latitude (see 40 CFR Part 435.40(b)).
[2] Cook Inlet refers to Alaskan coastal locations north of the line between Cape Douglas on the West and Port Chatham on the east. When Cook Inlet operators cannot comply with this no discharge requirement due to technical limitations, the operators shall meet the same stock limitations (C16-C18 internal olefin) and discharge limitations for drill cuttings associated with non-aqueous drilling fluids for operators in Offshore waters (see 40 CFR Part 435.13) in order to discharge drill cuttings associated with non-aqueous drilling fluids. (40 CFR Part 435.40). 
[3] In early 1980s, Alabama producers petitioned EPA Region 4 for relief from oil and gas extraction ELGs. For all facilities east of the 98th meridian, Agricultural and Wildlife Water Use Subcategory does not apply.


Tables 2-2 through 2-4 present the effluent limitations guidelines and standards for 40 CFR Part 435 Subparts A and D. These limitations represent the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the BPT, BAT, BCT and NSPS. There are no promulgated pretreatment standards at 40 CFR Part 435.

Table 2-2. BPT Oil and Grease Effluent Limitations for 40 CFR Part 435 Subparts A (Offshore) and D (Coastal) Direct Dischargers
                       Pollutant parameter waste source
                             Subpart A (Offshore)
                              Subpart D (Coastal)

                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                    Daily Residual Chlorine Minimum (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                    Daily Residual Chlorine Minimum (mg/L)
Produced water
72
48
NA
72
48
NA
Deck drainage
NDFO
NDFO
NA
NDFO
NDFO
NA
Water based: Drilling fluids
NDFO
NDFO
NA
NDFO
NDFO
NA
Water based: Drill cuttings
NDFO
NDFO
NA
NDFO
NDFO
NA
Non- Aqueous: drilling fluids
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
NA
Non- Aqueous: drill cuttings
NDFO
NDFO
NA
NDFO
NDFO
NA
Well treatment fluids
NDFO
NDFO
NA
NDFO
NDFO
NA
Sanitary: M10
NA
NA
 1[1]
NA
NA

1[1]
Sanitary: M9IM[2]
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Domestic[2]
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Produced sand
NA
NA
NA
ZD
ZD
NA
NA  -  Not applicable.
NDFO  -  No discharge of free oil.
ND  -  No discharge. 
ZD  -  Zero discharge.
M10  -  Those offshore facilities continuously manned by ten (10) or more persons.
M9IM  -  Those offshore facilities continuously manned by nine (9) or fewer persons or only intermittently manned by any number of persons.
[1] Minimum of 1 mg/l and maintained as close to this concentration as possible.
2 There shall be no floating solids as a result of the discharge of these wastes.


                                       
Table 2-3 BAT, BCT, and NSPS Effluent Limitations for 40 CFR Part 435 Subpart A (Offshore)
                                 Waste Source
                                   Pollutant
                             Subpart A (Offshore)
                                       
                                       
                                   BAT/ NSPS
                                      BCT
Produced water
Oil and Grease
One day max: 42 mg/l;
Monthly average: 29 mg/l 
One day max: 72 mg/l;
Monthly average: 48 mg/l
Drilling fluids and drill cuttings for facilities located within 3 miles from shore

ND[1]
ND[1]
Drilling fluids and drill cuttings for facilities located beyond 3 miles from shore: water-based drilling fluids and associated drill cuttings
SPP Toxicity
Minimum: 96-hour LC50[2]: 3%
NA

Free Oil
ND[3]
ND[2]

Diesel Oil
ND
NA

Mercury
1 mg/kg dry weight maximum
NA

Cadmium
  mg/kg dry weight maximum
NA
Drilling fluids and drill cuttings for facilities located beyond 3 miles from shore: non- aqueous drilling fluids

ND
NA
Drill cuttings associated with non- aqueous fluids
Free Oil
NA
ND
Drill cuttings associated with non- aqueous fluids stock limitations (C16-C18 internal olefin)
Mercury
1 mg/kg dry weight maximum 
NA

Cadmium
3 mg/kg dry weight maximum 
NA

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons 
Max ratio: 1x10[−5] [4]
NA

Sediment Toxicity
Max ratio: 1.0 [4]
NA

Biodegradation Rate
Max ratio: 1.0 [4]
NA
Drill cuttings associated with non- aqueous fluids discharge limitations
Diesel Oil
ND
NA

SPP Toxicity
Minimum: 96-hour LC50[2]: 3%
NA

Sediment Toxicity
Max ratio: 1.0 [4]
NA

Formation Oil
ND[5]
NA

Base Fluid Retained on Cuttings
Max ratio: 6.9 g-NAF base fluid/100 g-wet drill cutting[4]
NA

Free Oil
NA
ND
Well treatment, completion, and workover fluids
Oil and Grease
One day max: 42 mg/l;
Monthly average: 29mg/l
ND
Deck drainage
Free Oil
ND[6]
ND
Produced sand

ND
ND
Domestic waste
Foam
ND
NA

Floating Solids
BAT: NA
NSPS: ND
ND

Other Domestic Waste
NA
See 33 CFR Part 151
Sanitary M10
Residual Chlorine
BAT: NA
NSPS:  Minimum: 1 mg/l.
Minimum: 1 mg/l 
Sanitary M91M
Floating Solids
NA
ND
NA  -  Not applicable.
ND  -  No discharge.
1 All Alaskan facilities are subject to the drilling fluids and drill cuttings discharge limitations for facilities located beyond 3 miles offshore.
[2] As determined by the suspended particulate phase (SPP) toxicity test. See 40 CFR Part 435.11(gg).
[3] As determined by the static sheen test. See 40 CFR Part 435.11(hh).
4 For the definition of all ratios, please see 40 CFR Part 435.
5 As determined before drilling fluids are shipped offshore by the EPA Method 1655, and as determined prior to discharge by EPA Method 1670 applied to drilling fluid removed from drill cuttings. 
[6] As determined by the presence of a film or sheen upon or a discoloration of the surface of the receiving water (visual sheen).

Table 2-4 BAT, BCT, and NSPS Effluent Limitations for 40 CFR Part 234 Subpart D (Coastal)
Waste Source
Pollutant
                              Subpart D (Coastal)


                                   BAT/ NSPS
                                      BCT
Produced water for all coastal areas except Cook Inlet
Oil and Grease
ND
One day max: 72 mg/l;
Monthly average: 48 mg/l.
Produced water for Cook Inlet
Oil and Grease
One day max: 42 mg/l;
Monthly average: 29 mg/l 
One day max: 72 mg/l;
Monthly average: 48 mg/l.
Drilling fluids, drill cuttings and dewatering effluent for all coastal areas except Cook Inlet.[1]

ND
ND
Water based drilling fluids, drill cuttings and dewatering effluent for all coastal Cook Inlet areas
SPP Toxicity
Minimum: 96-hour LC50[2]: 3%
NA

Free Oil
ND[3]
ND 2

Diesel Oil
ND
NA

Mercury
1 mg/kg dry weight maximum
NA

Cadmium
3 mg/kg dry weight maximum
NA
Non- Aqueous drilling fluids drilling fluids, drill cuttings and dewatering effluent for all coastal Cook Inlet areas

ND
ND
Drill cuttings associated with non- aqueous fluids for all coastal Cook Inlet areas
Free Oil
ND4

ND [2]
Well treatment, completion, and workover fluids
Free Oil
NA
ND[2]
Well treatment, completion, and workover fluids for all coastal areas except Cook Inlet

ND
ND
Well treatment, completion, and workover fluids for Cook Inlet
Oil and Grease
One day max: 42 mg/l;
Monthly average: 29mg/l
ND
Produced sand

ND
ND
Deck drainage
Free Oil 
ND[5]
ND[5]
Domestic waste
Foam
ND
NA

Floating Solids and Garbage
BAT: NA
NSPS: ND
ND
Sanitary M1.
Residual Chlorine
BAT: NA
NSPS:  Minimum: 1 mg/l
Minimum: 1 mg/l
Sanitary M91M
Floating Solids
BAT: NA
NSPS: ND
ND
                                       
1 BAT limitations for dewatering effluent are applicable prospectively, BAT limitations in this rule are not applicable to discharges of dewatering effluent from reserve pits which as of the effective date of this rule no longer receive drilling fluids and drill cuttings. Limitations on such discharges shall be determined by the NPDES permit issuing authority.
[2] As determined by the suspended particulate phase (SPP) toxicity test. See 40 CFR Part 435.11(gg).
3 As determined by the static sheen test. See 40 CFR Part 435.41(ff).
4 When Cook Inlet operators cannot comply with this no discharge requirement due to technical limitations (see appendix 1 of subpart D of this part), Cook Inlet operators shall meet the same stock limitations (C16-C18 internal olefin) and discharge limitations for drill cuttings associated with non-aqueous drilling fluids for operators in Offshore waters (see 40 CFR Part 435.13) in order to discharge drill cuttings associated with non-aqueous drilling fluids.
5 As determined by the presence of a film or sheen upon or a discoloration of the surface of the receiving water (visual sheen).
40 CFR 437: The Centralized Waste Treatment Point Source Category 
One way that oil and gas extraction facilities can meet the limitations under Part 435 is to transfer their wastes off-site to a CWT. The current CWT ELGs were promulgated at 40 CFR Part 437 in 2000 and amended in 2003. Part 437 generally applies to "centralized waste treatment facilities which accept hazardous or nonhazardous industrial wastes, wastewater, and/or used material from off-site for treatment of the wastes and/or recovery of materials from the wastes." 

The guidelines at Part 437 categorize CWT facilities into four subparts:  
        Subpart A: Metals Treatment and Recovery 
        Subpart B: Oils Treatment and Recovery 
        Subpart C: Organics Treatment and Recovery 
        Subpart D: Multiple Wastestreams
Table 2-5 presents the current effluent limitations for the CWT point source category for Subparts A, B, and C for direct dischargers. Table 2-6 presents the PSES limitations for Subpart B. Tables 2-7 through 2-10 present the BPT/BCT/BAT limitations, NSPS limitations, PSES limitations, and PSNS limitations for Subpart D. 

Table 2-5  Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subparts A, B, and C for Direct Dischargers
                              Regulated Parameter
                                   Subpart A
                                   Subpart B
                                   Subpart C
                                       
                           BPT/BCT/BAT/ PSES/PSNS[1]
                                     NSPS
                           BPT/BCT/BAT/NSPS/PSNS[1]
                         BPT/BCT/BAT/NSPS/PSES/PSNS[1]
                                       
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
BOD5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
163
53.0
Oil and Grease
205
50.2
205
50.2
127
38.0
NA
NA
pH
([2])
([2])
([2])
([2])
([2])
([2])
([2])
([2])
TSS
60.0
31.0
29.6
11.3
74.1
30.6
216
61.3
Antimony
0.249
0.206
0.111
0.0312
NA
NA
NA
NA
Arsenic
0.162
0.104
0.0993
0.0199
2.95
1.33
NA
NA
Cadmium
0.474
0.0962
0.782
0.163
0.0172
0.0102
NA
NA
Chromium
15.5
3.07
0.167
0.0522
0.746
0.323
NA
NA
Cobalt
0.192
0.124
0.182
0.0703
56.4
18.8
NA
NA
Copper
4.14
1.06
0.659
0.216
0.500
0.242
0.865
0.757
Cyanide[3]
500
178
500
178
NA
NA
NA
NA
Lead
1.32
0.283
1.32
0.283
0.350
0.160
NA
NA
Mercury
0.00234
0.000739
0.000641
0.000246
0.0172
0.00647
NA
NA
Nickel
3.95
1.45
0.794
0.309
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
NA
NA
0.176
0.0698
NA
NA
NA
NA
Silver
0.120
0.0351
0.0318
0.0122
NA
NA
NA
NA
Tin
0.409
0.120
0.0955
0.0367
0.335
0.165
NA
NA
Titanium
0.0947
0.0618
0.0159
0.00612
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
0.218
0.0662
0.0628
0.0518
NA
NA
NA
NA
Zinc
2.87
0.641
0.657
0.252
8.26
4.50
0.497
0.420
2-Butanone
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4.81
1.85
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.155
0.106
Acetone
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
30.2
7.97
Acetophenone
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.114
0.0562
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.215
0.101
NA
NA
Butylbenzyl phthalate
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.188
0.0887
NA
NA
Carbazole
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.598
0.276
NA
NA
Fluoranthene
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0537
0.0268
NA
NA
o-Cresol
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.92
0.561
p-Cresol
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.698
0.205
Phenol
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.65
1.08
Pyridine
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.370
0.182
n-Decane
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.948
0.437
NA
NA
n-Octadecane
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.589
0.302
NA
NA
[1] This column represents the entire list of parameters regulated by the various technology options; note that the parameters limited by each option may vary, although the numeric limitations are the same.
[2] Within the range 6 to 9.
[3] In-plant limitations for cyanide apply to metal-bearing wastewater containing cyanide.

Table 2-6 PSES Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subpart B (Oils)
                                   Parameter
                                Daily Maximum 
                                    (mg/L)
                           Maximum Monthly Average 
                                    (mg/L)
Chromium
                                     0.947
                                     0.487
Cobalt
                                     56.4
                                     18.8
Copper
                                     0.405
                                     0.301
Lead
                                     0.222
                                     0.172
Tin
                                     0.249
                                     0.146
Zinc
                                     6.95
                                     4.46
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
                                     0.267
                                     0.158
Carbazole
                                     0.392
                                     0.233
n-Decane
                                     5.79
                                     3.31
Fluoranthene
                                     0.787
                                     0.393
n-Octadecane
                                     1.22
                                     0.925
                                       
                                       

  Table 2-7 BPT/BCT/BAT Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subpart D (Multiple)1
                                   Parameter
                             Combined Waste from 
                             Subparts A, B, and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and B
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts B and C
                                       
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                             Daily Maximum (mg/L)
                        Maximum Monthly Average (mg/L)
BOD5
163
53.0
NA
NA
163
53.0
163
53.0
Oil and Grease
127
38.0
127
38.0
205
50.2
127
38.0
pH
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
TSS
74.1
30.6
74.1
30.6
60.0
31.0
74.1
30.6
Antimony
0.249
0.206
0.249
0.206
0.249
0.206
NA
NA
Arsenic
0.162
0.104
0.162
0.104
0.162
0.104
2.95
1.33
Cadmium
0.0172
0.0102
0.0172
0.0102
0.474
0.0962
0.0172
0.0102
Chromium
0.746
0.323
0.746
0.323
15.5
3.07
0.746
0.323
Cobalt
0.192
0.124
0.192
0.124
0.192
0.124
56.4
18.8
Copper
0.500
0.242
0.500
0.242
0.865
0.757
0.500
0.242
Cyanide[3]
500
178
500
178
500
178
NA
NA
Lead
0.350
0.160
0.350
0.160
1.32
0.283
0.350
0.160
Mercury
0.00234
0.000739
0.00234
0.000739
0.00234
0.000739
0.0172
0.00647
Nickel
3.95
1.45
3.95
1.45
3.95
1.45
NA
NA
Silver
0.120
0.0351
0.120
0.0351
0.120
0.0351
NA
NA
Tin
0.409
0.120
0.409
0.120
0.409
0.120
0.335
0.165
Titanium
0.0947
0.0618
0.0947
0.0618
0.0947
0.0618
NA
NA
Vanadium
0.218
0.0662
0.218
0.0662
0.218
0.0662
NA
NA
Zinc
0.497
0.420
2.87
0.641
0.497
0.420
0.497
0.420
2-Butanone
4.81
1.85
NA
NA
4.81
1.85
4.81
1.85
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
0.155
0.106
NA
NA
0.155
0.106
0.155
0.106
Acetone
30.2
7.97
NA
NA
30.2
7.97
30.2
7.97
Acetophenone
0.114
0.0562
NA
NA
0.114
0.0562
0.114
0.0562
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
0.215
0.101
0.215
0.101
NA
NA
0.215
0.101
Butylbenzyl phthalate
0.188
0.0887
0.188
0.0887
NA
NA
0.188
0.0887
Carbazole
0.598
0.276
0.598
0.276
NA
NA
0.598
0.276
Fluoranthene
0.0537
0.0268
0.0537
0.0268
NA
NA
0.0537
0.0268
o-Cresol
1.92
0.561
NA
NA
1.92
0.561
1.92
0.561
p-Cresol
0.698
0.205
NA
NA
0.698
0.205
0.698
0.205
Phenol
3.65
1.08
NA
NA
3.65
1.08
3.65
1.08
Pyridine
0.370
0.182
NA
NA
0.370
0.182
0.370
0.182
n-Decane
0.948
0.437
0.948
0.437
NA
NA
0.948
0.437
n-Octadecane
0.589
0.302
0.589
0.302
NA
NA
0.589
0.302
[1] This table represents the entire list of parameters regulated by BPT, BAT, and BCT for this subpart; note the parameters limited by BAT and BCT vary from those limited by BPT, although the numeric limitations are the same.
2 Within the range of 6 to 9.
3 In-plant limitations for cyanide apply to metal-bearing wastewater containing cyanide.  

      Table 2-8 NSPS Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subpart D (Multiple)
                              Regulated Parameter
                   Combined Waste from Subparts A, B, and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and B
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts B and C
                                       
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                             Daily Maximum (mg/L)
                        Maximum Monthly Average (mg/L)
BOD5
163
53.0
NA
NA
163
53.0
163
53.0
Oil and grease
127
38.0
127
38.0
205
50.2
127
38.0
pH
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
TSS
29.6
11.3
29.6
11.3
29.6
11.3
74.1
30.6
Antimony
0.111
0.0312
0.111
0.0312
0.111
0.0312
NA
NA
Arsenic
0.0993
0.0199
0.0993
0.0199
0.0993
0.0199
2.95
1.33
Cadmium
0.0172
0.0102
0.0172
0.0102
0.782
0.163
0.0172
0.0102
Chromium
0.167
0.0522
0.167
0.0522
0.167
0.0522
0.746
0.323
Cobalt
0.182
0.0703
0.182
0.0703
0.182
0.0703
56.4
18.8
Copper
0.659
0.216
0.659
0.216
0.659
0.216
0.500
0.242
Cyanide[2]
500
178
500
178
500
178
NA
NA
Lead
0.350
0.160
0.350
0.160
1.32
0.283
0.350
0.160
Mercury
0.000641
0.000246
0.000641
0.000246
0.000641
0.000246
0.0172
0.00647
Nickel
0.794
0.309
0.794
0.309
0.794
0.309
NA
NA
Selenium
0.176
0.0698
0.176
0.0698
0.176
0.0698
NA
NA
Silver
0.0318
0.0122
0.0318
0.0122
0.0318
0.0122
NA
NA
Tin
0.0955
0.0367
0.0955
0.0367
0.0955
0.0367
0.335
0.165
Titanium
0.0159
0.00612
0.0159
0.00612
0.0159
0.00612
NA
NA
Vanadium
0.0628
0.0518
0.0628
0.0518
0.0628
0.0518
NA
NA
Zinc
0.657
0.252
0.657
0.252
0.657
0.252
0.497
0.420
2-Butanone
4.81
1.85
NA
NA
4.81
1.85
4.81
1.85
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
0.155
0.106
NA
NA
0.155
0.106
0.155
0.106
Acetone
30.2
7.97
NA
NA
30.2
7.97
30.2
7.97
Acetophenone
0.114
0.0562
NA
NA
0.114
0.0562
0.114
0.0562
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
0.215
0.101
0.215
0.101
NA
NA
0.215
0.101
Butylbenzyl phthalate
0.188
0.0887
0.188
0.0887
NA
NA
0.188
0.0887
Carbazole
0.598
0.276
0.598
0.276
NA
NA
0.598
0.276
Fluoranthene
0.0537
0.0268
0.0537
0.0268
NA
NA
0.0537
0.0268
o-Cresol
1.92
0.561
NA
NA
1.92
0.561
1.92
0.561
p-Cresol
0.698
0.205
NA
NA
0.698
0.205
0.698
0.205
Phenol
3.65
1.08
NA
NA
3.65
1.08
3.65
1.08
Pyridine
0.370
0.182
NA
NA
0.370
0.182
0.370
0.182
n-Decane
0.948
0.437
0.948
0.437
NA
NA
0.948
0.437
n-Octadecane
0.589
0.302
0.589
0.302
NA
NA
0.589
0.302
[1] Within the range of 6 to 9.
2 In-plant limitations for cyanide apply to metal-bearing wastewater containing cyanide.

Table 2-9 PSES Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subpart D (Multiple)
                              Regulated Parameter
                             Combined Waste from 
                             Subparts A, B, and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and B
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts B and C

                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                             Daily Maximum (mg/L)
                        Maximum Monthly Average (mg/L)
Antimony
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                      NA
                                      NA
Arsenic
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                      NA
                                      NA
Cadmium
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                      NA
                                      NA
Chromium
                                     0.947
                                     0.487
                                     0.947
                                     0.487
                                     15.5
                                     3.07
                                     0.947
                                     0.487
Cobalt
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     56.4
                                     18.8
Copper
                                     0.405
                                     0.301
                                     0.405
                                     0.301
                                     4.14
                                     1.06
                                     0.405
                                     0.301
Cyanide[1]
                                      500
                                      178
                                      500
                                      178
                                      500
                                      178
                                      NA
                                      NA
Lead
                                     0.222
                                     0.172
                                     0.222
                                     0.172
                                     1.32
                                     0.283
                                     0.222
                                     0.172
Mercury
                                    0.00234
                                   0.000739
                                    0.00234
                                    0.00074
                                    0.00234
                                   0.000739
                                      NA
                                      NA
Nickel
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                      NA
                                      NA
Silver
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                      NA
                                      NA
Tin
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.249
                                     0.146
Titanium
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                      NA
                                      NA
Vanadium
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                      NA
                                      NA
Zinc
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     6.95
                                     4.46
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
                                     0.267
                                     0.158
                                     0.267
                                     0.158
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.267
                                     0.158
Carbazole
                                     0.392
                                     0.233
                                     0.392
                                     0.233
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.392
                                     0.233
Fluoranthene
                                     0.787
                                     0.393
                                     0.787
                                     0.393
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.787
                                     0.393
o-Cresol
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
p-Cresol
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
n-Decane
                                     5.79
                                     3.31
                                     5.79
                                     3.31
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     5.79
                                     3.31
n-Octadecane
                                     1.22
                                     0.925
                                     1.22
                                     0.925
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     1.22
                                     0.925
[1] In-plant limitations for cyanide apply to metal-bearing wastewater containing cyanide.


Table 2-10 PSNS Limitations for 40 CFR Part 437 Subpart D (Multiple)
                              Regulated Parameter
                             Combined Waste from 
                             Subparts A, B, and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and B
                     Combined Waste from Subparts A and C
                     Combined Waste from Subparts B and C

                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                                 Daily Maximum
                                    (mg/L)
                                    Maximum
                                    Monthly
                                    Average
                                    (mg/L)
                             Daily Maximum (mg/L)
                        Maximum Monthly Average (mg/L)
Antimony
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                     0.249
                                     0.206
                                      NA
                                      NA
Arsenic
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                     0.162
                                     0.104
                                      NA
                                      NA
Cadmium
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                     0.474
                                    0.0962
                                      NA
                                      NA
Chromium
                                     0.746
                                     0.323
                                     0.746
                                     0.323
                                     15.5
                                     3.07
                                     0.746
                                     0.323
Cobalt
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     0.192
                                     0.124
                                     56.4
                                     18.8
Copper
                                     0.500
                                     0.242
                                     0.500
                                     0.242
                                     4.14
                                     1.06
                                     0.500
                                     0.242
Cyanide[1]
                                      500
                                      178
                                      500
                                      178
                                      500
                                      178
                                      NA
                                      NA
Lead
                                     0.350
                                     0.160
                                     0.350
                                     0.160
                                     1.32
                                     0.283
                                     0.350
                                     0.160
Mercury
                                    0.00234
                                   0.000739
                                    0.00234
                                   0.000739
                                    0.00234
                                   0.000739
                                      NA
                                      NA
Nickel
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                     3.95
                                     1.45
                                      NA
                                      NA
Silver
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                     0.120
                                    0.0351
                                      NA
                                      NA
Tin
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.409
                                     0.120
                                     0.335
                                     0.165
Titanium
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                    0.0947
                                    0.0618
                                      NA
                                      NA
Vanadium
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                     0.218
                                    0.0662
                                      NA
                                      NA
Zinc
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     2.87
                                     0.641
                                     8.26
                                     4.50
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
                                     0.155
                                     0.106
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
                                     0.215
                                     0.101
                                     0.215
                                     0.101
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.215
                                     0.101
Carbazole
                                     0.598
                                     0.276
                                     0.598
                                     0.276
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.598
                                     0.276
Fluoranthene
                                    0.0537
                                    0.0268
                                    0.0537
                                    0.0268
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                    0.0537
                                    0.0268
o-Cresol
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
                                     1.92
                                     0.561
p-Cresol
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
                                     0.698
                                     0.205
n-Decane
                                     0.948
                                     0.437
                                     0.948
                                     0.437
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.948
                                     0.437
n-Octadecane
                                     0.589
                                     0.302
                                     0.589
                                     0.302
                                      NA
                                      NA
                                     0.589
                                     0.302
[1] In-plant limitations for cyanide apply to metal-bearing wastewater containing cyanide.

Limitations in Facility Permits
To evaluate how CWT facilities are permitted, ERG reviewed NPDES permits for all direct discharging CWT facilities. ERG developed a list of CWT facilities, as described in the September 2015 Centralized Waste Treatment Facility List memorandum.  The facility list includes any known NPDES permit numbers for CWT facilities and characterized the discharge status (direct/indirect) of the facilities. For the purpose of this memorandum, only facilities known to be direct dischargers were analyzed. ERG searched for the NPDES permits identified in the CWT facility list, for 74 discharging CWT facilities (see Table 3-1). ERG excluded permits that are not NPDES permits (e.g., state permits such as the Texas Stationary Treatment Facility permits).
 ERG attempted to categorize the facility permits based on the current regulations. Most of the permits do not explicitly state that the facility was being regulated as a CWT facility under 40 CFR Part 437. However, by comparing the permit limits to the ELG requirements, ERG identified 15 permits which appear to incorporate the 40 CFR 437 limitations. Based on an assessment of the numerical limitations and pollutants included in the permits, ERG identified the applicable CWT subparts applied in the NPDES permits for these 15 facilities. 
 The facilities covered by the remaining permits perform a variety of industrial operations. ERG assumes that the permit limits reflect the limitations of the primary industrial activity at the facility. Only two facilities (Anticline Disposal, WY0054232 and Marilyn Battery, WY0036072) appear to be regulated under 40 CFR Part 435, Subpart E. These facilities' permits include the following statements: 
      Anticline Disposal -  Federal effluent guidelines, per Section 40 CFR Part 435 Subpart E, require that discharges of produced water from oil and production units be used for agricultural or wildlife propagation when discharged. The permittee provided statements that the water will be used appropriately for livestock water when discharged.
      
      Marilyn Battery  -  The effluent limits established in this permit are based upon Chapters 1 and 2 of the Wyoming Water Quality Rules and Regulations, 40 CFR Part 435 Subpart E, and other evaluations conducted by WDEQ related to this industry.
Table 3-1 lists the permits obtained and reviewed. In addition, Table 3-1 categorizes the facilities by the type of limits, including 40 CFR Part 435, 40 CFR Part 437, and miscellaneous (representing point source categories other than oil and gas extraction and CWT, or facilities with limits developed based on best professional judgement or water quality). 
                Table 3-1. NPDES Permits Obtained and Reviewed
                                     State
                               Name of Facility
                                 Permit Number
                               Facility Category
                                     Notes
Arkansas

Arkansas Saltwater Recycling, LLC
AR0051268
437 - Subpart B
Treated fluids from the exploration, production, and development of oil and/or gas operations

ATM Oil Company
ARR000319
Miscellaneous
General stormwater permit - ATM is categorized in "Scrap Recycling and Waste Recycling Facilities except Source-Separated Recycling"[1]

Bee Branch Water Reuse/Recycle Facility (SEECO)
AR0052086
437 - Subpart D
Treated fluids from the exploration, production, and development of oil and/or gas operations

Byrd/Judsonia Water Reuse/Recycle Facility (SEECO)
AR0052051
437 - Subpart D
Treated fluids from the exploration, production, and development of oil and/or gas operations

Clean Harbors El Dorado LLC
AR0037800
Miscellaneous 
Storage, processing, and incineration of hazardous and non-hazardous waste; contaminated stormwater runoff; non-contact cooling water; cooling tower blowdown; and treated groundwater

Hartwick/Clevand Water Reuse/Recycle Facility (SEECO)
AR0052175
437  -  Subpart B
Discharges associated with exploration, production, and development of oil and/or gas operations
Colorado
Clean Harbors Environmental Services - Deer Trail LLC  
CO0042064
Miscellaneous
Releases treated wastewater to the Construction Water Storage Tanks (CWST) or to the drainage ditch system leading to the Uncontaminated Detention Pond (UCDP), secure cell leachate collection systems, operations sump, maintenance sump, contaminated water tanks, north and east scrubber blowdown, truck wash sump, drum storage area, treatment basin wash water, and bulk liquid reagent storage
Hawaii
Navy Public Works Center Pearl Harbor  
HI0110086
437 - Subpart A 
Ocean outfall discharges from Fort Kam for conventional pollutants, nutrients and biotoxicity
Illinois
Envirite Corporation  
IL0071285
437 - Subpart A
Wastewater is generated from stormwater coming into contact with industrial activity[1]

Heritage Environmental Services LLC  
IL0068888
437 - Subpart B
Oils and organics

Peoria Disposal Co
IL0064777
437 - Subpart A
Stormwater general permit[1]
Kentucky
Kentucky Petroleum Recycling
KY0073172
437 - Subpart B
Oil water separator/ aerobic digestion/ discharge to surface water
Louisiana

Chemical Waste Management Inc. 
LA0054828
437 - Subpart C
Discharges treated leachate and other site-generated wastewater

Clean Harbors Baton Rouge LLC
LA0038245
Miscellaneous
Permit for site generated leachate, treated sanitary wastewater and treated waters generated during groundwater remediation activities

Clean Harbors White Castle LLC- Landfarm Facility
LA0065501
Miscellaneous
Discharge of treated process wastewater including treated contact stormwater, treated truck washwater and treated sanitary wastewater

R360 Environmental Services
LA0068420
Miscellaneous
Stormwater permit; this facility is still likely a CWT: "a commercial oilfield exploration and production waste treatment and disposal facility"[1]
Maine
Clean Harbors Environmental Services, Inc.
ME0021571
437 - Subpart B
Stormwater runoff after oil/ water separator during first hour of discharge, and hydrostatic test wastewater[1]
Maryland
Montgomery Co. Resources Recovery Facility
MD0065447
Miscellaneous
Discharges boiler blowdown, demineralizer regenerate, carbon filter backwash, and cooling tower blowdown
Mississippi
Waste Oil Collectors Inc
MSP090504
437 - Subpart B
Permit is for indirect discharge. Facility accepts used oils, oil-water emulsions or mixtures, lubricants, coolants, contaminated groundwater clean-up from petroleum sources, used petroleum products, oil spill clean-up, bilge water, rinse/wash waters from petroleum sources, interceptor wastes, off-specification fuels, underground storage tank remediation waste, and tank cleanout from petroleum or oily sources
Montana
Fidelity Exploration and Production Company (Tongue River Project Symons Water Treatment Facility)
MT0030724
Miscellaneous
Produced water from Coal Bed Natural Gas (CBNG) development

H&R Energy, LLC (Krause Lease Produced Water Facility)
MT0031747
Miscellaneous
Produced water

Iofina Natural Gas, Inc. -Wastewater Treatment Facility
MT0031623
Miscellaneous
Type of wastewater is unknown

M&K Oil Company, Inc. (Wright Creek Water Disposal Facility)
MT0030392
437 - Subpart E
Produced water is discharged, after treatment

Summit Gas Resources, Inc. (Coal Creek Federal Development Unit Treatment Facility)
MT0030660
Miscellaneous
Produced water from coalbed methane development
Nebraska
Clean Harbors Environmental Services
NE0127892
Miscellaneous
Stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity[1]
New Jersey
Clean Earth of North Jersey Inc
NJ0121525
Miscellaneous
Stormwater permit[1]

E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
NJ0005100
437 - Subpart D
Non-contact cooling water, storm water runoff, contact cooling water, ground water treatment, OCPSF process waste, groundwater remediation, sanitary, and industrial residual-other
New York
CWM Chemical Services- Model City State
NY0072061
437- Subpart B
Permit for treated process wastewater to pre-qualification tanks and frac pond
North Carolina
B.V. Hedrick Gravel and Sand Company - Aquadale Quarry (Soliate Corporation and Giant Resource Recovery, Incorporated)
NC0028169
Miscellaneous
Quarry dewatering system and a kiln rock wash system; stormwater permit[1]

Clariant Corporation Mt. Holly East Plant
NC0004375
437
Treated CWT and non-categorical industrial process wastewater 
Ohio

4K Industrial Park, LLC, 4K Martins Ferry Facility
OH0011339
Miscellaneous
Discharges process wastewater and stormwater associated with industrial activity

Clean Harbors PPM, LLC
OH0140848
Miscellaneous
Discharges from a stormwater treatment plant[1]

Envirite of Ohio, Inc.
OH0143286
437 - Subpart A
Combined discharge from three separate storm sewers and discharges from a stormwater treatment plant[1]

Materion Brush, Inc.
OH0002518
437 - Subpart A
Discharge from the holding basins or directly after the industrial wastewater treatment

Petro Environmental LLC
OH0114162
437 - Subpart B
Discharge pipe from carbon canisters

Reserved Environmental Services Inc. 
OH0098540
437
Industrial wastewater treatment system discharge and discharge from centralized waste treatment
Oklahoma
U.S. Pollution Control Inc. (Clean Harbors Environmental Services, Inc. - Lone Mountain Facility)
OK0044423
437
Stormwater permit[1]
Pennsylvania
Appalachian Water Services, LLC - Ronco Industrial WWTF (Shallenberger Construction)
PA0253723
Miscellaneous
Wastewater from oil and gas well-drilling, fracturing, and production

Big Sandy Oil Company  
PA0222011
Miscellaneous
Treated petroleum-contaminated wastewater from stripper oil well production operations

CARES McKean
PA0102288
437 - Subpart D
Treated shale gas extraction wastewater and treated RCRA Subtitle D Non-Hazardous Landfill leachate

Clarion Altela Environmental Services (CAES) (aka Piney Creek Powerplant)
PA0103632
437 - Subpart D
Treated sanitary wastewater, fuel prep area stormwater runoff, floor drains, secondary containment area water, cooling tower blowdown, sample panel coolers, and fuel oil storage tank area, non-contact cooling water, wastewater associated with the production of potable water, and boiler blowdown, and treated shale gas extraction wastewater from the on-site CAES facility

Creekside Mushroom Treatment Facility
PA0093149
Miscellaneous
Mushroom processing water, boiler blowdown, sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff

Eureka Resources, Standing Stone Facility
PA0232351
437 - Subpart D
Permit for oil and gas wastewater

Fluid Recovery Service: Franklin Plt - Venango Co
PA0101508
437
Discharge of fluids generated in the drilling and production of natural gas and oil wells

Fluid Recovery Service: Josephine Plt -Indiana Co
PA0095273
437
Permit for discharge of fluids generated in the drilling and production of natural gas and oil wells

Fluid Recovery Service: Rouseville Facility
PA0263516
437 - Subpart D
Treats wastewater from the production and fracturing of oil and gas wells

Hart Resource Technologies, Inc. Creekside Treatment Facility
PA0095443
437
Permit for discharge of fluids generated in the drilling and production of natural gas and oil wells

Howard Treatment Facility
PA0206075
Miscellaneous
Treated coalbed methane water

Keyrock Energy, LLC - Dawson TP (Belden & Blake OG Facility)
PA0217778
Miscellaneous
Treated coalbed methane production water

Keyrock Energy, LLC - Jones TP (Belden and Blake )
PA0219339
Miscellaneous
Treated coalbed methane production water

Keyrock Energy, LLC - Scottdale Trtmt Facility (Belden and Blake)
PA0218073
Miscellaneous
Treated coalbed methane production water

Max Env Tech
PA0044326
Miscellaneous
Industrial wastewater discharges; hazardous leachate pretreatment unit; stormwater

Max Environmental - Yukon Facility
PA0027715
437 - Subpart A
Discharges from centralized waste treatment facility, storm water, blanket drains, leachate

Minard Run Oil Company  
PA0105295
Miscellaneous
Stripper well wastewater

Reserved Environmental Services LLC  
PA0254185
Miscellaneous
Flowback, pit and production fluids from oil and gas well drillings and stormwater collected in emergency containment structures

Somerset Regional Water Resources
PA0253987
437- Subpart D
Wastewater from fracturing development fluids and brine wastewaters from oil and gas development activities blended with acid mine drainage

Sunbury Generation Waste Water Trmt Fac
PA0008451
Miscellaneous
Permit for discharge of stormwater, bottom ash sluice water, and industrial wastewater

Tunnelton Liquids Company
PA0091472
Miscellaneous
Permit for discharge from acid mine drainage, oil and gas fluids, stormwater and mine drainage

Waste Treatment Corporation
PA0102784
437 - Subpart A
Treatment of Subcategory A - metals wastes; discharges treated wastewater from the processing of industrial and municipal sludge and treated or untreated site stormwater
Tennessee 
Eastman Chemical Co. Tennessee Operations
TN0073946;
TN0002640
437- Subpart C
Permit for non-process wastewater from South Fork Holston River; cooling water, cooling tower blowdown, ash settling basin effluent, intake water and screen backwash, cooling system agents, air conditioner condensate line blowdown, deionizer units regeneration water, powerhouse boiler and steam condensate blowdown and solids residue, and water treatment wastewater; treated process wastewater, and division-authorized landfill leachates; intake screen backwash and industrial wastewater
Texas
Empak Inc. Deer Park
TX0030937; TX0084115
437- Subpart D
The permittee is authorized to discharge treated process wastewater, treated domestic wastewater, and stormwater; multiple waste stream CWT (metals, oil, and organics)

Encycle/ Texas Inc. 
TX0003191
437- Subpart D
The permittee is authorized to discharge treated process wastewater, treated domestic sewage, treated laboratory wastewater, and treated storm water runoff

Enterprise Products Operating LLC
TX0132195
Miscellaneous
Authorized to treat and discharge wastes from the Houston Terminal, a "for hire" hydrocarbon and chemical product storage and transfer facility

Intercontinental Terminals Co. 
TX0068349
437- Subpart D
The permittee is authorized to discharge hydrostatic test water, non-contact stormwater, steam condensate, firefighting system test water, and potable utility line flushing water, oils and organics

LIVA- North Regional Treatment Plant (PART)
TX0062677
Miscellaneous
The permittee is authorized to discharge treated industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater

Oil Tanking Houston Inc. 
TX0091855
437- Subpart D
The permittee is authorized to discharge contact and non-contact stormwater, steam trap release, hydrostatic test water, and firefighting equipment test water

Treatment One- Division of Set Environmental
TX0119211
437- Subpart A
Stormwater permit[1]

U.S. Ecology Texas Inc. 
TX0104400
Miscellaneous
Stormwater permit[1]

Waste Control Specialists, LLC
TX0117005
Miscellaneous
Permit for the treatment, process, discharge, and storage of hazardous waste and low-level radioactive waste
Virginia
Solite LLC
VAG844036
Miscellaneous
This general permit is authorized to discharge process wastewater and stormwater
West Virginia
Fairmont Brine (formerly AOP Clearwater, LLC)
WV0116408
437 - Subpart D
Treated industrial wastes generated from the recovery of oils, metals, and salt (halite) from natural gas extraction development and production wastewater and treated (settling pond) industrial storm water; metals and oils

Reserved Environmental - Liquid Assets Disposal (LAD) Facility
WV0116441
Miscellaneous
Stormwater permit[1]
Wyoming
Marilyn Battery
WY0036072
435 - Subpart E
The permit authorizes the discharge of produced water from conventional oil and/or gas facilities

NGL Anticline Disposal, LLC
WY0054232
435  -  Subpart E
Permit for the discharge of treated produced water from oil production units


WYR001125
Miscellaneous
Authorized to discharge storm water associated with industrial activities[1] 

ERG compiled the permit requirements for these facilities listed in Table 3-1 in a database, excluding the following permits:
 Permits for stormwater only;
 General permits; 
 NPDES permits that are for indirect discharge (this was the case for one facility, Waste Oil Collectors, Inc., NPDES ID MSP090504). 
Table 3-2 lists pollutants with limitations in the permits included in the analysis, and a count of the number of permits including limitations by facility category. The most common pollutants with limitations in permits include oil and grease, total suspended solids, pH, phenol, and zinc. biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), p-cresol, pyridine. Only pollutants that appear in three or more permits are listed in Table 3-2 below. 

   Table 3-2. Pollutants with NPDES Permit Required Limits at CWT Facilities

                                   Pollutant
                     Number of Permits with Numeric Limits

                                   Part 435
                                  Facilities
                                   Part 437
                                  Facilities
                                 Miscellaneous
                                  Facilities
                          Total Number of Facilities
Oil and Grease
                                       2
                                      11
                                      30
                                      43
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
                                       
                                      11
                                      30
                                      41
pH
                                       2
                                       7
                                      27
                                      36
Phenol
                                       
                                       6
                                      11
                                      17
Zinc, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       9
                                      16
BOD
                                       
                                       3
                                      12
                                      15
p- Cresol
                                       
                                       4
                                      11
                                      15
Pyridine
                                       
                                       4
                                      11
                                      15
Fluoranthene
                                       
                                       6
                                       9
                                      15
Chromium, Total
                                       
                                       6
                                       8
                                      14
2,4,6- trichlorophenol
                                       
                                       4
                                       9
                                      13
Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
                                       
                                       6
                                       7
                                      13
Arsenic, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       6
                                      13
Copper, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       6
                                      13
Acetone
                                       
                                       4
                                       8
                                      12
Acetophenone
                                       
                                       4
                                       8
                                      12
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
                                       1
                                       3
                                       8
                                      12
Butylbenzyl phthalate
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
                                      12
Lead, Total
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
                                      12
Mercury, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       5
                                      12
Benzene 
                                       
                                       1
                                      10
                                      11
Carbazole
                                       
                                       6
                                       5
                                      11
Ammonia- Nitrogen
                                       
                                       7
                                       4
                                      11
Cobalt, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       4
                                      11
Tin, Total
                                       
                                       7
                                       4
                                      11
o-Cresol
                                       
                                       3
                                       7
                                      10
n-decane
                                       
                                       4
                                       5
                                       9
Cyanide, total
                                       
                                       5
                                       4
                                       9
Nickel, Total
                                       
                                       5
                                       4
                                       9
Cadmium, Total
                                       
                                       6
                                       3
                                       9
Ethylbenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       8
                                       8
Barium
                                       
                                       2
                                       6
                                       8
Arsenic
                                       
                                       3
                                       5
                                       8
Chloride
                                       2
                                       1
                                       5
                                       8
Silver, Total
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
                                       8
Toluene 
                                       
                                       
                                       7
                                       7
Ammonia
                                       
                                       1
                                       6
                                       7
Iron
                                       
                                       1
                                       6
                                       7
N-Octadecane
                                       
                                       2
                                       5
                                       7
Osmotic Pressure
                                       
                                       2
                                       5
                                       7
Copper
                                       
                                       3
                                       4
                                       7
2- Butanone
                                       
                                       4
                                       3
                                       7
Antimony, total
                                       
                                       5
                                       2
                                       7
CBOD
                                       
                                       5
                                       2
                                       7
Acrylonitrile
                                       
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
Carbon Tetrachloride
                                       
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
Chloroform
                                       
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
Napthalene
                                       
                                       
                                       6
                                       6
Selenium, Total
                                       
                                       1
                                       5
                                       6
Antimony
                                       
                                       2
                                       4
                                       6
Cadmium
                                       
                                       2
                                       4
                                       6
Zinc
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
                                       6
n- Octadecane
                                       
                                       4
                                       2
                                       6
1,2- Dichloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       5
                                       5
2-butanone
                                       
                                       
                                       5
                                       5
Chlorobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       5
                                       5
Manganese
                                       
                                       
                                       5
                                       5
Tetrachloroethylene
                                       
                                       
                                       5
                                       5
Aluminum
                                       
                                       1
                                       4
                                       5
Chromium, Hexavalent
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
                                       5
Nickel
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
                                       5
Titanium
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
                                       5
Vanadium
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
                                       5
Zinc, Total Recoverable
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
                                       5
Cyanide
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Lead
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Phosphorus, Total
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Silver
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Titanium, Total
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Total Residual Chlorine
                                       
                                       3
                                       2
                                       5
Vanadium, Total
                                       
                                       4
                                       1
                                       5
Sulfates
                                       1
                                       3
                                       1
                                       5
1,1- dichloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,1- dichloroethylene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,1,1- Trichloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,2,4- Trichlorobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,3- dichlorobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,3- dichloropropylene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
1,4- dichlorobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
2,4- dichlorophenol
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
2,6- dinitro toluene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Anthracene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Benzo(a)anthracene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Benzo(a)pyrene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Chloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Chrysene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Diethyl Phthalate
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Dimethyl phthalate
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Fluorene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Hexachlorobutadiene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Hexachloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Iron, Total
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Methylene chloride
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Phenanthrene
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Strontium
                                       
                                       
                                       4
                                       4
Boron
                                       
                                       1
                                       3
                                       4
Dissolved Iron 
                                       
                                       1
                                       3
                                       4
Selenium
                                       
                                       1
                                       3
                                       4
Chromium
                                       
                                       2
                                       2
                                       4
Chromium, Total Recoverable
                                       
                                       2
                                       2
                                       4
Copper, Total Recoverable
                                       
                                       2
                                       2
                                       4
Lead, Total Recoverable 
                                       
                                       2
                                       2
                                       4
Mercury
                                       
                                       2
                                       2
                                       4
n- Decane
                                       
                                       3
                                       1
                                       4
1,1,2- trichloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
1,1,2,2- Tetrachloroethane
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
1,2- dichlorobenzene 
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
1,2- dichloropropane
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
1,2- Trans dichloroethylene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
2- Chlorophenol
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
2,3,7,8- Tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
2,4- dimethyl phenol
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
2,4- dinitrophenol 
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
3,4- benzofluoroanthene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
a- Terpineol
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Acenaphthene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Acrolein
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Aldrin
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Aniline
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Benzidine
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Benzoic Acid
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Dieldrin
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
di-n-butyl pthalate
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Endrin
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Heptachlor
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Heptachlor Epoxide
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Hexachlorobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Methyl Chloride
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Nitrobenzene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Pentachlorophenol
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Pyrene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Toxaphene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Trichloroethylene
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Vinyl Chloride
                                       
                                       
                                       3
                                       3
Nitrogen, Total
                                       
                                       1
                                       2
                                       3
Selenium, Total Recoverable 
                                       
                                       1
                                       2
                                       3
Total organic carbon (TOC)
                                       
                                       1
                                       2
                                       3
Conductance
                                       1
                                       
                                       2
                                       3
Cadmium, Total Recoverable
                                       
                                       2
                                       1
                                       3
Chlorides
                                       
                                       2
                                       1
                                       3
Nickel, Total Recoverable
                                       
                                       2
                                       1
                                       3
Sulfides
                                       
                                       2
                                       1
                                       3
Tin
                                       
                                       2
                                       1
                                       3

