1
Proposal
Title:
An
annotated
bibliography
on
marine
and
coastal
fishes
subject
to
impingement
and
entrainment
by
cooling
water
intake
systems
in
the
northern
Gulf
of
Mexico:

A
proposal
by
Donald
M.
Baltz
(
Principal
Investigator),
Coastal
Fisheries
Institute,
Louisiana
State
University,
Baton
Rouge,
LA
70803,
Phone:
225­
578­
6512,
FAX:
225­
578­
6513,
Email:
dbaltz@
lsu.
edu
Submitted
to
The
Minerals
Management
Service,
Gulf
of
Mexico
OCS
Region
Project
duration:
12
months
Anticipated
Year
1
Request
$
25,460
Anticipated
Year
1
Match
$
0
Anticipated
Total
Request
$
25,460
Anticipated
Total
Match
$
0
Signatures:

____________________________
Donald
M.
Baltz
Date
Principal
Investigator
Date:

Approved:

____________________________
James
L.
Bates
Date
Director,
Office
of
Sponsored
Programs
2
Scope
of
Work
The
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(
EPA)
is
proposing
a
new
rule
to
address
the
impingement
of
fish
by
cooling
water
intake
systems
for
all
bodies
of
water
in
the
United
States.
As
part
of
the
rule
making
process,
EPA
is
requesting
information
about
the
species
of
fish
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico
and
for
any
information
about
research
conducted
on
the
impingement
of
fish
by
the
systems.
The
Minerals
Management
Service
(
MMS)

has
offered
to
assist
the
EPA
with
the
gathering
of
information,
since
much
of
what
is
known
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico
has
been
funded
by
MMS
or
used
by
MMS
for
the
preparation
of
impact
statements.

To
meet
the
information
needs
of
MMS
and
EPA,
this
study
will
provide
an
annotated
bibliography
that
includes
all
research
conducted
in
marine
and
coastal
waters
concerning
the
impingement
and
entrainment
of
estuarine
and
marine
organisms
by
cooling
water
intake
systems.
The
search
for
this
material
will
include
all
available
databases
and
a
listing
of
the
databases
searched
will
be
included
in
the
final
report.
A
list
of
all
key
words
used
during
the
search
will
also
be
included
in
the
final
report.
In
addition
to
any
references
concerning
cooling
water
intake
systems,
a
brief
annotated
bibliography
of
major
references
that
describe
the
fish
living
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico
will
be
included.
The
references
will
include
information
about
life
stages
and
where
those
life
stages
exist.
Such
references
will
include
any
recent
atlases
prepared
by
the
National
3
Oceanic
and
Atmospheric
Administration.
As
part
of
the
summary
of
information,
a
table
will
be
prepared
of
the
important
commercial
and
recreational
fish
and
the
average
length
of
the
adult
fish.

Tasks
1.
Develop
an
annotated
bibliography
on
estuarine,
coastal,
and
marine
fishes
relating
to
impingement
and
entrapment
in
or
by
cooling
water
intake
systems.

2.
Compile
a
list
of
all
data
bases
searched.

3.
Compile
a
list
of
all
keywords
used
in
the
searches.

4.
Develop
an
annotated
list
of
major
references
that
describe
the
fishery
resources
in
the
northern
Gulf
of
Mexico
including
important
life
history
stage
information
when
available.

5.
Tabulate
important
commercial
and
recreational
fish
species
found
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico
and
the
average
length
of
adults
for
each
species.
[
Note:
Estimating
an
`
average
length'
would
require
a
complex
analysis
of
many
fishery
data
bases.
A
suggested
alternative
would
be
to
list
the
length
at
maturity
where
available
from
the
literature
for
important
species
and
the
maximum
size
observed
in
the
nGOM.
The
latter
is
generally
available
in
Hoese
and
Moore
(
1977)
and
probably
a
recent
edition]

At
least
seventeen
data
bases
are
available
for
searching
in
the
library
at
Louisiana
State
University
(
Table
1).
These
data
bases
will
be
queried
using
an
initial
list
of
keywords
(
Table
2)
to
search
article
titles,
abstracts,
keyword
lists
and
any
other
available
text
in
the
data
bases.
We
also
intend
to
use
Science
Citation
Index
to
search
forward
in
4
time
from
early
references
to
obtain
a
list
of
subsequent
publications
that
have
cited
important
early
literature.
Initially
we
will
use
six
key
words
or
phrases,
their
root
forms,

logical
operators
(
e.
g.,
AND
&
OR)
and
wild
cards
(*)
to
develop
a
bibliography
(
Table
2).
This
list
(
Table
2)
will
be
expanded
during
the
search
and
records
will
be
kept
to
document
the
scope
of
the
search
in
the
final
report.

Table
1.
List
of
high­
potential
electronic
data
bases
currently
available
through
LSU
for
developing
an
annotated
bibliography
on
estuarine,
coastal,
and
marine
fishes
relating
to
impingement
and
entrapment
in
or
by
cooling
water
intake
systems.

Database
Title
1
ASFA
3:
Aquatic
Pollution
&
Environmental
Quality
2
ASFA
Marine
Biotechnology
Abstracts
3
ASFA1:
Biological
Sciences
&
Living
Resources
4
Biological
Sciences
(
CSA)
5
Biology
Digest
(
CSA)
6
Catalog
of
U.
S.
Government
Publications
7
EIS:
Digests
of
Environmental
Impact
Statements
8
Electronic
Collections
Online
(
ECO)
9
Expanded
Academic
ASAP
(
InfoTrac)
10
JSTOR
11
Ocean
Technology,
Policy,
and
Non­
living
Resources
(
ASFA
2)
12
Science
Citation
Index
13
Springer
Interlink
14
Wildlife
and
Ecology
Studies
Worldwide
15
WorldCat
16
Zoological
Record
17
Dissertation
Abstract
Table
2.
Initial
key
words,
phrases,
and
variants.
In
many
data
bases,
variants
can
be
efficiently
investigated
by
the
use
of
a
`
wild
card'
(
e.
g.,
imping*).

Key
words
Variants
Impingement
Impinge,
impinged,
impinging
Entrainment
Entrain,
entrained,
entraining
Entrapment
Entrap,
entrapped,
entrapping
Fish
Fishes,
Fishery,
Fisheries
Cooling
water
Cooling­
water
5
Water
intake(
s)
Water­
intake(
s)

Preliminary
Results
An
initial
search
of
one
data
base
using
the
key
words
fish
and
impingement
yielded
three
interesting
citations:

1)
Turnpenny,
A.
W.
H.
Multiple
Regression
Analysis
for
Forecasting
Critical
Fish
Influxes
at
Power
Station
Intakes.
Journal
of
Applied
Ecology,
Vol.
20,
No.
1.
(
Apr.,
1983),
pp.
33­
42.
Abstract:
(
1)
Certain
coastal
power
stations
in
Britain
are
subject
to
ingresses
of
fish
which
may
jeopardize
plant
operation
or
which
may
cause
temporary
local
depletion
of
fish
populations.
(
2)
There
have
been
attempts
in
the
United
States
and
in
Europe
to
develop
costly
and
often
ineffectual
exclusion
devices.
As
an
alternative,
it
is
proposed
that,
for
sites
where
the
problem
is
intermittent,
statistical
models
should
be
developed
which
allow
critical
levels
of
fish
ingress
to
be
predicted
and
the
necessary
reduction
in
cooling
water
flow
determined.
(
3)
The
procedure
for
developing
a
multiple
regression
model
is
described
and
illustrated
using
fish
impingement
data
collected
from
Fawley
Power
Station.
Over
60%
of
the
overall
variation
was
accounted
for
in
terms
of
a
small
number
of
easily
measured
variables
(
cooling
water
flow,
water
temperature,
tide
height,
wind
speed).
In
other
research
work,
values
of
up
to
80%
have
been
quoted.
With
refinements
of
the
model
formulation
higher
values
should
be
possible
and
the
approach
then
would
have
practical
application.

2)
Helvey,
M.
and
P.
B.
Dorn.
Selective
Removal
of
Reef
Fish
Associated
with
an
Offshore
Cooling­
Water
Intake
Structure.
Journal
of
Applied
Ecology,
Vol.
24,
No.
1.
(
Apr.,
1987),
pp.
1­
12.
Abstract:
(
1)
Fish
captured,
tagged
and
released
at
an
offshore
intake
structure,
together
with
a
comparison
of
field
population
densities
and
respective
impingement
rates,
indicated
intake
removal
to
be
a
selective
process.
Intake­
associated
species
comprised
a
small
proportion
of
the
total
number
of
fish
removed
and
were
not
removed
in
numbers
proportional
to
their
field
densities.
(
2)
The
rheotropic
behaviour
of
four
species
associated
with
the
intake
structure
demonstrated
that,
given
adequate
water
clarity,
they
avoided
being
trapped
by
intake
water
currents.
(
3)
Diurnally
active
species
seeking
benthic
cover
at
night
were
least
susceptible
to
intake
removal.
Diurnally
active
species
that
hover
in
the
water
column
at
night
and
predators
that
periodically
feed
at
twilight
and
evening
hours
were
more
susceptible
to
removal.
Nocturnal
fish
were
most
susceptible
to
removal.

3)
Henderson,
P.
A.,
A.
W.
H.
Turnpenny,
and
R.
N.
Bamber.
Long­
Term
Stability
of
a
Sand
Smelt
(
Atherina
presbyter
Cuvier)
Population
Subject
to
Power
Station
Cropping.
Journal
of
Applied
Ecology,
Vol.
21,
No.
1.
(
Apr.,
1984),
pp.
1­
10.
Abstract:
(
1)
The
sand
smelt
(
Atherina
presbyter
Cuvier)
is
a
species
of
fish
6
particularly
susceptible
to
impingement
at
power
station
cooling
water
intakes.
(
2)
Data
are
available
from
1971
to
1981
for
the
numbers
and
sizes
of
sand
smelt
impinged
at
Fawley
Power
Station,
Hampshire,
during
which
time
it
was
the
commonest
impinged
fish
species.
(
3)
Recruitment
into
the
population
of
a
new
0
group
is
in
July/
August.
Somatic
growth
only
occurs
during
the
summer
and
autumn.
There
is
a
seasonal
inshore
migration
for
spawning
by
2
year
and
older
fish,
and
virtually
none
survive
after
3
years.
(
4)
The
observed
population
age
structure
did
not
change
significantly
over
the
period
of
this
study,
despite
ageselective
cropping
by
the
power
station.
It
is
suggested
that
this
stability
is
afforded
by
a
density­
dependent
response.
(
5)
It
is
concluded
that
the
10
years
of
operation
of
Fawley
Power
Station
has
had
no
significant
effect
on
the
long­
term
stability
of
the
local
sand
smelt
population.

Time
Line
We
will
initiate
the
work
upon
receipt
of
an
executed
contract
and
deliver
the
draft
report
on
or
about
1
December
2002.
The
final
report
will
follow
completion
of
the
project.

Budget
Justification
Funds
are
requested
to
support
one
or
more
graduate
students
to
conduct
library
research
and
query
digital
data
bases
available
through
LSU
library
facilities.
Full­
time
PhD
students
are
funded
at
$
18,500
per
annum.
Additional
funds
($
500)
are
requested
for
research
services
and
costs
of
publications
(
e.
g.,
dissertations
from
Dissertation
Abstracts).
Overhead
($
6,460)
is
charged
at
34
%
of
Modified
Total
Direct
Costs.
