I­
1
APPENDIX
I.
UNUSED
DATA
Based
on
the
requirements
set
forth
in
the
guidelines
(
Stephan
et
al.
1985),
the
following
studies
are
not
acceptable
for
the
following
reasons
and
are
classified
as
unused
data.

Studies
Were
Conducted
with
Species
That
Are
Not
Resident
in
North
America
Abalde
et
al.
(
1995)

Abel
(
1980)
Ahsanullah
and
Ying
(
1995)

Ahsanullah
et
al.
(
1981)

Aoyama
and
Okamura
(
1984)

Austen
and
McEvoy
(
1997)
Bougis
(
1965)

Cid
et
al.
(
1995,
1996a,
b)

Collvin
(
1984)

Cosson
and
Martin
(
1981)
Daly
et
al.
(
1990a,
b,
1992)

Denton
and
Burdon­
Jones
(
1986)

Drbal
et
al.
(
1985)

Giudici
and
Migliore
(
1988)
Giudici
et
al.
(
1987,
1988)

Gopal
and
Devi
(
1991)

Gustavson
and
Wangberg
(
1995)

Hameed
and
Raj
(
1989)
Heslinga
(
1976)

Hori
et
al.
(
1996)

Huebner
and
Pynnonen
(
1992)

Ismail
et
al.
(
1990)
Jana
and
Bandyopadhyaya
(
1987)

Jindal
and
Verma
(
1989)

Jones
(
1997)
Kadioglu
and
Ozbay
(
1995)

Karbe
(
1972)
Knauer
et
al.
(
1997)

Kulkarni
(
1983)

Kumar
et
al.
(
1985)

Lan
and
Chen
(
1991)
Lee
and
Xu
(
1984)

Luderitz
and
Nicklisch
(
1989)

Majori
and
Petronio
(
1973)

Masuda
and
Boyd
(
1993)
Mathew
and
Fernandez
(
1992)

Maund
et
al.
(
1992)

Migliore
and
Giudici
(
1988)

Mishra
and
Srivastava
(
1980)
Negilski
et
al.
(
1981)

Nell
and
Chvojka
(
1992)

Neuhoff
(
1983)

Nias
et
al.
(
1993)
Nonnotte
et
al.
(
1993)

Pant
et
al.
(
1980)

Paulij
et
al.
(
1990)

Peterson
et
al.
(
1996)
Pistocchi
et
al.
(
1997)

Pynnonen
(
1995)
Raj
and
Hameed
(
1991)

Rajkumar
and
Das
(
1991)
Reeve
et
al.
(
1977)

Ruiz
et
al.
(
1994,
1996)

Saward
et
al.
(
1975)

Schafer
et
al.
(
1993)
Smith
et
al.
(
1993)

Solbe
and
Cooper
(
1976)

Steeman­
Nielsen
and
Bruun­
Laursen
(
1976)
Stephenson
(
1983)

Takamura
et
al.
(
1989)

Taylor
et
al.
(
1991,
1994)

Timmermans
(
1992)
Timmermans
et
al.
(
1992)

Vardia
et
al.
(
1988)

Verriopoulos
and
Moraitou­

Apostolopoulou
(
1982)
Visviki
and
Rachlin
(
1991)

Weeks
and
Rainbow
(
1991)

White
and
Rainbow
(
1982)

Wong
and
Chang
(
1991)
Wong
et
al.
(
1993)

Copper
Was
a
Component
of
a
Drilling
Mud,
Effluent,
Mixture,
Sediment,
or
Sludge
Buckler
et
al.
(
1987)

Buckley
(
1994)

Clements
et
al.
(
1988)

de
March
(
1988)
Hollis
et
al.
(
1996)

Horne
and
Dunson
(
1995)

Hutchinson
and
Sprague
(
1987)
Kraak
et
al.
(
1993
and
1994a,
b)

Lowe
(
1988)

McNaught
(
1989)

Munkittrick
and
Dixon
(
1987)
Pellegrini
et
al.
(
1993)

Roch
and
McCarter
(
1984a,
b)
Roch
et
al.
(
1986)

Sayer
et
al.
(
1991b)

Weis
and
Weis
(
1993)

Widdows
and
Johnson
(
1988)
Wong
et
al.
(
1982)
I­
2
These
Reviews
Only
Contain
Data
That
Have
Been
Published
Elsewhere
Ankley
et
al.
(
1993)

Borgmann
and
Ralph
(
1984)
Chapman
et
al.
(
1968)

Chen
et
al.
(
1997)

Christensen
et
al.
(
1983)

Dierickx
and
Brendael­
Rozen
(
1996)
DiToro
et
al.
(
1991)

Eisler
(
1981)

Eisler
et
al.
(
1979)

Enserink
et
al.
(
1991)
Felts
and
Heath
(
1984)

Gledhill
et
al.
(
1997)
Handy
(
1996)

Hickey
et
al.
(
1991)

Janssen
et
al.
(
1994)

LeBlanc
(
1984)
Lilius
et
al.
(
1994)

Meyer
et
al.
(
1987)

Ozoh
(
1992c)
Peterson
et
al.
(
1996)

Phillips
and
Russo
(
1978)
Phipps
et
al.
(
1995)

Spear
and
Pierce
(
1979b)

Starodub
et
al.
(
1987b)

Taylor
et
al.
(
1996)
Thompson
et
al.
(
1972)

Toussaint
et
al.
(
1995)

No
Interpretable
Concentration,
Time,
Response
Data,
or
Examined
Only
a
Single
Concentration
Asztalos
et
al.
(
1990)
Beaumont
et
al.
(
1995a,
b)

Beckman
and
Zaugg
(
1988)

Bjerselius
et
al.
(
1993)

Carballo
et
al.
(
1995)
Daoust
et
al.
(
1984)

De
Boeck
et
al.
(
1995b,
1997)

Dick
and
Dixon
(
1985)

Felts
and
Heath
(
1984)
Ferreira
(
1978)

Ferreira
et
al.
(
1979)

Hansen
et
al.
(
1993,
1996)

Heath
(
1987,
1991)
Hughes
and
Nemcsok
(
1988)

Julliard
et
al.
(
1996)
Koltes
(
1985)
Kosalwat
and
Knight
(
1987)

Kuwabara
(
1986)

Lauren
and
McDonald
(
1985)

Leland
(
1983)
Lett
et
al.
(
1976)

Miller
and
McKay
(
1982)

Mis
and
Bigaj
(
1997)

Nalewajko
et
al.
(
1997)
Nemcsok
et
al.
(
1991)

Ozoh
(
1990)

Ozoh
and
Jacobson
(
1979)

Parrott
and
Sprague
(
1993)
Pyatt
and
Dodd
(
1986)

Riches
et
al.
(
1996)
Sayer
(
1991)
Sayer
et
al.
(
1991a,
b)

Schleuter
et
al.
(
1995,
1997)

Starcevic
and
Zielinski
(
1997)

Steele
(
1989)
Taylor
and
Wilson
(
1994)

Viale
and
Calamari
(
1984)

Visviki
and
Rachlin
(
1994b)

Waiwood
(
1980)
Webster
and
Gadd
(
1996)

Wilson
and
Taylor
(
1993a,
b)

Winberg
et
al.
(
1992)

Wundram
et
al.
(
1996)
Wurts
and
Perschbacher
(
1994)

No
Useable
Data
on
Copper
Toxicity
or
Bioconcentration
Cowgill
et
al.
(
1986)

de
March
(
1979)
Lehman
and
Mills
(
1994)

Lustigman
(
1986)
Lustigman
et
al.
(
1985)

MacFarlane
et
al.
(
1986)
van
Hoof
et
al.
(
1994)

Weeks
and
Rainbow
(
1992)
Wong
et
al.
(
1977)

Wren
and
McCarroll
(
1990)
Zamuda
et
al.
(
1985)

Results
Not
Interpretable
as
Total
or
Dissolved
Copper
Brand
et
al.
(
1986)

MacFie
et
al.
(
1994)
Riedel
(
1983)

Sanders
and
Jenkins
(
1984)
Sanders
and
Martin
(
1994)

Sanders
et
al.
(
1995)
Stearns
and
Sharp
(
1994)

Stoecker
et
al.
(
1986)
Sunda
et
al.
(
1987)

Winberg
et
al.
(
1992)
I­
3
Some
of
these
studies
would
be
valuable
if
copper
criteria
were
developed
on
the
basis
of
cupric
ion
activity.

Organisms
Were
Selected,
Adapted
or
Acclimated
for
Increased
Resistance
to
Copper
Fisher
(
1981)

Fisher
and
Fabris
(
1982)

Hall
(
1980)

Hall
et
al.
(
1989)
Harrison
and
Lam
(
1983)

Harrison
et
al.
(
1983)

Lumoa
et
al.
(
1983)

Lumsden
and
Florence
(
1983)
Munkittrick
and
Dixon
(
1989)

Myint
and
Tyler
(
1982)

Neuhoff
(
1983)

Parker
(
1984)
Phelps
et
al.
(
1983)

Ray
et
al.
(
1981)

Sander
(
1982)

Scarfe
et
al.
(
1982)
Schmidt
(
1978a,
b)

Sheffrin
et
al.
(
1984)

Steele
(
1983b)

Takamura
et
al.
(
1989)
Viarengo
et
al.
(
1981a,
b)

Wood
(
1983)

Either
the
Materials,
Methods,
Measurements
or
Results
Were
Insufficiently
Described
Abbe
(
1982)

Alam
and
Maughan
(
1995)

Balasubrahmanyam
et
al.
(
1987)

Baudouin
and
Scoppa
(
1974)
Belanager
et
al.
(
1991)

Benedeczky
et
al.
(
1991)

Benedetti
et
al.
(
1989)

Benhra
et
al.
(
1997)
Bouquegneau
and
Martoja
(
1982)

Burton
and
Stemmer
(
1990)

Burton
et
al.
(
1992)

Cabejszek
and
Stasiak
(
1960)
Cain
and
Luoma
(
1990)

Chapman
(
1975,
1982)

Cochrane
et
al.
(
1991)

Devi
et
al.
(
1991)
Dirilgen
and
Inel
(
1994)

Dodge
and
Theis
(
1979)

Doucet
and
Maly
(
1990)

Dunbar
et
al.
(
1993)
Durkina
and
Evtushenko
(
1991)

Enesco
et
al.
(
1989)

Erickson
et
al.
(
1997)

Evans
(
1980)
Ferrando
and
Andreu
(
1993)

Finlayson
and
Ashuckian
(
1979)

Furmanska
(
1979)
Gibbs
et
al.
(
1981)

Gordon
et
al.
(
1980)

Gould
et
al.
(
1986)

Govindarajan
et
al.
(
1993)
Hayes
et
al.
(
1996)

Howard
and
Brown
(
1983)

Janssen
et
al.
(
1993)

Janssen
and
Persoone
(
1993)
Kean
et
al.
(
1985)

Kentouri
et
al.
(
1993)

Kessler
(
1986)

Khangarot
et
al.
(
1987)
Kobayashi
(
1996)

Kulkarni
(
1983)

Labat
et
al.
(
1977)

Lakatos
et
al.
(
1993)
LeBlanc
(
1985)

Leland
et
al.
(
1988)

Mackey
(
1983)

Magni
(
1994)
Martin
et
al.
(
1984)

Martincic
et
al.
(
1984)

McIntosh
and
Kevern
(
1974)

McKnight
(
1980)
Moore
and
Winner
(
1989)

Muramoto
(
1980,
1982)

Nyholm
and
Damgaard
(
1990)
Peterson
et
al.
(
1996)

Pophan
and
D'Auria
(
1981)

Reed­
Judkins
et
al.
(
1997)

Rehwoldt
et
al.
(
1973)
Riches
et
al.
(
1996)

Sakaguchi
et
al.
(
1977)

Sanders
et
al.
(
1995)

Sayer
(
1991)
Schultheis
et
al.
(
1997)

See
et
al.
(
1974)

Shcherban
(
1977)

Smith
et
al.
(
1981)
Sorvari
and
Sillanpaa
(
1996)

Stearns
and
Sharp
(
1994)

Strong
and
Luoma
(
1981)

Sullivan
and
Ritacco
(
1988)
Taylor
(
1978)

Taylor
et
al.
(
1994)

Thompson
(
1997)

Trucco
et
al.
(
1991)
Verma
et
al.
(
1980)

Visviki
and
Rachlin
(
1994a)

Watling
(
1983)

Winner
et
al.
(
1990)
Young
and
Harvey
(
1988,
1989)

Zhokhov
(
1986)
I­
4
Questionable
Effect
Levels
Due
to
Graphical
Presentation
of
Results
Alliot
and
Frenet­
Piron
(
1990)

Andrew
(
1976)

Arsenault
et
al.
(
1993)
Balasubrahmanyam
et
al.
(
1987)

Bjerselius
et
al.
(
1993)

Bodar
et
al.
(
1989)

Chen
(
1994)
Cowgill
and
Milazzo
(
1991b)

Cvetkovic
et
al.
(
1991)

Dodoo
et
al.
(
1992)

Francisco
et
al.
(
1996)
Gupta
et
al.
(
1985)

Hansen
et
al.
(
1996)

Hoare
and
Davenport
(
1994)
Lauren
and
McDonald
(
1985)

Llanten
and
Greppin
(
1993)

Metaxas
and
Lewis
(
1991)

Michnowicz
and
Weeks
(
1984)
Miersch
et
al.
(
1997)

Nasu
et
al.
(
1988)

Pearlmutter
and
Lembi
(
1986)
Pekkala
and
Koopman
(
1987)

Peterson
et
al.
(
1984)

Romanenko
and
Yevtushenko
(
1985)
Sanders
et
al.
(
1994)

Smith
and
Heath
(
1979)

Stokes
and
Hutchinson
(
1976)

Winner
and
Gauss
(
1986)
Wong
(
1989)

Young
and
Lisk
(
1972)

Studies
of
Copper
Complexation
With
No
Useable
Toxicology
Data
for
Surface
Waters
Borgmann
(
1981)

Filbin
and
Hough
(
1979)

Frey
et
al.
(
1978)

Gillespie
and
Vaccaro
(
1978)
Guy
and
Kean
(
1980)
Jennett
et
al.
(
1982)

Maloney
and
Palmer
(
1956)

Nakajima
et
al.
(
1979)

Stauber
and
Florence
(
1987)
Sunda
and
Lewis
(
1978)
Swallow
et
al.
(
1978)

van
den
Berg
et
al.
(
1979)

Wagemann
and
Barica
(
1979)

Questionable
Treatment
of
Test
Organisms
or
Inappropriate
Test
Conditions
or
Methodology
Arambasic
et
al.
(
1995)

Benhra
et
al.
(
1997)

Billard
and
Roubaud
(
1985)
Bitton
et
al.
(
1995)

Brand
et
al.
(
1986)

Bringmann
and
Kuhn
(
1982)

Brkovic­
Popovic
and
Popovic
(
1977a,
b)

Dirilgen
and
Inel
(
1994)

Folsom
et
al.
(
1986)

Foster
et
al.
(
1994)
Gavis
et
al.
(
1981)

Guanzon
et
al.
(
1994)

Hawkins
and
Griffith
(
1982)

Ho
and
Zubkoff
(
1982)
Hockett
and
Mount
(
1996)

Huebert
et
al.
(
1993)

Huilsom
(
1983)
Jezierska
and
Slominska
(
1997)

Kapu
and
Schaeffer
(
1991)

Kessler
(
1986)

Khangarot
and
Ray
(
1987a)
Khangarot
et
al.
(
1987)

Lee
and
Xu
(
1984)

Marek
et
al.
(
1991)

McLeese
(
1974)
Mis
et
al.
(
1995)

Moore
and
Winner
(
1989)

Nasu
et
al.
(
1988)
Ozoh
and
Jones
(
1990b)

Reed
and
Moffat
(
1983)

Rueter
et
al.
(
1981)
Sayer
et
al.
(
1989)

Schenck
(
1984)

Shaner
and
Knight
(
1985)

Sullivan
et
al.
(
1983)
Tomasik
et
al.
(
1995)

Watling
(
1981,
1982,
1983)

Wikfors
and
Ukeles
(
1982)

Wilson
(
1972)
Wong
and
Chang
(
1991)

Wong
(
1992)

High
control
mortalities
occurred
in
all
except
one
test
reported
by
Sauter
et
al.
(
1976).
Control
mortality
exceeded
10%
in
one
test
by
Mount
and
Norberg
(
1984).
Pilgaard
et
al.
(
1994)
studied
interactions
of
copper
and
hypoxia,
but
failed
to
run
a
hypoxic
control.
Beaumont
et
al.
(
1995a,
b)
studied
interactions
of
temperature,
acid
pH
and
copper,
but
never
separated
pH
and
copper
effects.
The
96­
hour
values
reported
by
Buikema
et
al.
(
1974a,
b)
were
subject
to
error
because
of
possible
reproductive
interactions
(
Buikema
et
al.
1977).
I­
5
Bioconcentration
Studies
Not
Conducted
Long
Enough,
Not
Steady­
State,
Not
Flow­
through,
or
Water
Concentrations
Not
Adequately
Characterized
or
Measured
Anderson
and
Spear
(
1980a)
Felton
et
al.
(
1994)

Griffin
et
al.
(
1997)

Harrison
et
al.
(
1988)

Krantzberg
(
1989)
Martincic
et
al.
(
1992)
McConnell
and
Harrel
(
1995)

Miller
et
al.
(
1992)

Ozoh
(
1994)

Wright
and
Zamuda
(
1987)
Xiaorong
et
al.
(
1997)
Yan
et
al.
(
1989)

Young
and
Harvey
(
1988,
1989)

Zia
and
Alikhan
(
1989)

Anderson
(
1994),
Anderson
et
al.
(
1994),
Viarengo
et
al.
(
1993),
and
Zaroogian
et
al.
(
1992)

reported
on
in
vitro
exposure
effects.
Benedeczky
et
al.
(
1991)
studied
only
effects
of
injected
copper.

Ferrando
et
al.
(
1993b)
studied
population
effects
of
copper
and
cladoceran
predator
on
the
rotifer
prey,

but
the
data
are
difficult
to
interpret.
A
similar
problem
complicated
use
of
the
cladoceran
competition
study
of
LeBlanc
(
1985).
