Table
2c.
Acute­
Chronic
Ratios
Species
Hardness
(
mg/
L
as
CaCO3)
Acute
Value
(
µ
g/
L)
Chronic
Value
(
µ
g/
L)
Ratio
Reference
Overall
Ratio
for
Species
Snail,
35­
55
1673a
8.73
191.61
Arthur
and
Leonard
1970
Campeloma
decisum
35­
55
1673a
10.94
152.95
Arthur
and
Leonard
1970
171.19
Cladoceran,
179
28.42b
7.90
3.60
Belanger
et
al.
1989
Ceriodaphnia
dubia
94.1
63.33b
19.36
3.27
Belanger
et
al.
1989
57
13.4
24.5
0.55
Oris
et
al.
1991
­­
18.974c
9.17
2.07
Carlson
et
al.
1986
2.90h

Cladoceran,
51
26
12.58
2.07
Chapman
et
al.
Manuscript
Daphnia
magna
104
33.76d
19.89
1.70
Chapman
et
al.
Manuscript
211
69
6.06
11.39
Chapman
et
al.
Manuscript
3.42

Cladoceran,
57.5
25.737e
2.83
9.10
Winner
1985
Daphnia
pulex
115
27.6e
7.07
3.90
Winner
1985
230
28.79e
9.16
3.14
Winner
1985
4.82

Rainbow
trout,
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
120
80
27.77
2.88
Seim
et
al.
1984
2.88

Chinook
salmon,
Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha
20­
45
33.1
5.92
5.59
Chapman
1975,
1982
5.59

Bluntnose
minnow,
Pimephales
notatus
172­
230
231.9f
18
12.88
Horning
and
Neiheisel
1979
12.88
Fathead
minnow,
Pimephales
promelas
45
106.875g
9.38
11.40
Lind
et
al.
1978
11.40
Bluegill,
Lepomis
macrochirus
21­
40
1100
27.15
40.52
Benoit
1975
40.49
Sheepshead
minnow,
Cyprinodon
variegatus
­
368
249
1.48
Hughes
et
al.
1989
1.48

aGeometric
mean
of
two
values
from
Arthur
and
Leonard
(
1970)
in
Table
1.

bGeometric
mean
of
five
values
from
Belanger
et
al.
(
1989)
in
Table
1.
ACR
is
based
on
dissolved
metal
measurements.

cGeometric
mean
of
two
values
from
Carlson
et
al.
(
1986)
in
Table
1.

dGeometric
mean
of
two
values
from
Chapman
manuscript
in
Table
1.

eGeometric
mean
of
two
values
from
Winner
(
1985)
in
Table
1.

fGeometric
mean
of
three
values
from
Horning
and
Neiheisel
(
1979)
in
Appendix
D.

gGeometric
mean
of
three
values
from
Lind
et
al.
(
1978)
in
Table
1.

hACR
from
Oris
et
al.
(
1991)
not
used
in
calculating
overall
ratio
for
species
because
it
is
<
1.

FACR
Freshwater
final
acute­
chronic
ratio
=
3.23
Saltwater
final
acute­
chronic
ratio
=
3.23
45
