Memorandum
From:
Lynn
Zipf
USEPA/
OW/
OST
ph:
(
202)
566
1429
zipf.
lynn@
epa.
gov
Jan
Matuszko
USEPA/
OW/
OST
ph:
(
202)
566
1035
matuszko.
jan@
epa.
gov
To:
304(
m)
Record
(
EPA
Docket
Number
OW­
2003­
0074)

Date:
August
10,
2004
Re:
:
Revisions
to
TWFs
for
Dioxin
and
its
Congeners
and
Recalculated
TWPEs
for
OCPSF
and
Petroleum
Refining
In
a
memorandum
dated
December
3,
2003
(
Zipf,
2003),
EPA
described
revisions
it
intends
to
make
in
its
Toxic
Weighting
Factor
(
TWFs)
methodology.
Revised
TWFs
were
not
available,
however,
in
time
to
use
them
broadly
in
EPA's
2004
annual
review
of
promulgated
effluent
guidelines
and
industrial
activities
not
regulated
by
existing
guidelines.
EPA
completed
the
revision
of
TWFs
for
dioxin
and
its
congeners
as
described
in
this
memorandum
in
July,
2004.
These
revisions
and
the
resulting
TWFs
are
presented
in
this
memorandum.
The
revised
TWFs
were
used
to
recalculate
the
toxicity­
weighted
dioxin
discharges
for
two
categories
for
which
EPA
conducted
detailed
reviews.
The
recalculated
toxic
weighted
pound
equivalents
(
TWPE)
for
these
two
categories,
Organic
Chemicals,
Plastics,
and
Synthetic
Fibers
(
OCPSF,
including
chloralkali
chlorine
manufacture)
and
Petroleum
Refining,
are
also
presented
in
this
memorandum.

Revisions
to
TWFs
for
Dioxin
and
its
Congeners
EAD
has
updated
the
TWFs
for
dioxin
and
its
congeners
to
be
consistent
with
EPA's
methodologies
and
policies.
As
noted
in
the
memorandum
to
the
record
dated
August
18,
2004
(
Zipf,
2004)
EPA
retained
the
use
of
the
1985
slope
factor
for
2,3,7,8­
tetrachlorodibenzo­
pdioxin
but
revised
the
slope
factors
for
other
congeners
using
the
1998
World
Health
Organization
Toxic
Equivalency
Factors
(
Van
den
Berg,
et
al.,
1998).
As
discussed
below,
EPA
has
further
revised
the
TWFs
for
dioxin
and
its
congeners
to
incorporate
congener
specific
Bioaccumulation
Factors
(
BAFs)
as
well
as
incorporating
the
updated
fish
consumption
intake
rate
in
the
2000
Methodology
for
Deriving
Human
Health
Criteria
(
U.
S.
EPA,
2000).

Revisions
to
Bioaccumulation
Factors
The
BAFs
in
Table
10
of
Great
Lakes
Water
Quality
Initiative
Technical
Support
Document
for
the
Procedure
to
Determine
Bioaccumulation
Factors
(
U.
S.
EPA,
1995)
are
lipid
normalized
and
Page
2
freely­
dissolved
based
BAFs,
also
known
as
"
Baseline
BAFs."
These
baseline
BAFs
were
developed
as
described
in
EPA's
Methodology
for
Deriving
Ambient
Water
Quality
Criteria
for
the
Protection
of
Human
Health
Technical
Support
Document
Volume
2:
Development
of
National
Bioaccumulation
Factors
(
EPA
2003).
This
process
of
lipid­
normalization
and
freely­
dissolved
adjustment
essentially
'
convert'
the
"
site­
specific"
BAFs
that
were
derived
from
Salmonids
in
the
Great
Lakes
that
have
specific
lipid
content
and
organic
carbon
content,
into
values
that
are
ready
to
extrapolate
to
other
conditions,
i.
e.
a
national
BAF.
To
do
this,
the
lipid
and
freely­
dissolved
parts
need
to
be
re­
adjusted
to
"
national"
values.

The
first
step
is
to
convert
the
BAFs
from
the
GLWQI
Bioaccumulation
TSD
to
"
Baseline
BAFs"
using
the
national
defaults
for
f

(
fraction
lipid)
and
f
fd
(
fraction
dissolved)
using
the
following
equation:

National
BAF
TL
n
=
[(
Final
Baseline
BAF)
TL
*
(
f

)
TL
n
+
1]
*
f
fd
where:

Final
Baseline
BAF
TL
n
=
mean
baseline
BAF
for
trophic
level
"
n"
(
f

)
TL
n
=
fraction
of
tissue
that
is
lipid
in
aquatic
organisms
at
trophic
level
"
n"

f
fd
=
fraction
of
the
total
concentration
of
chemical
in
water
that
is
freely
dissolved
The
national
default
trophic
level­
specific
lipid
fractions
(
f

)
TL
n
[
where
f

=
fraction
lipid
at
trophic
level
(
TL)
"
n"]
are
the
following:

Trophic
Level
National
Default
Values
(
percentage)

2
1.9%

3
2.6%

4
3.0%

These
national
default
lipid
values
can
found
in
EPA
2003.

The
f
fd
(
fraction
freely
dissolved)
is
calculated
as
follows:

f
fd
=
1
1
+
POC
*
K
ow
+
DOC
*
0.08
*
K
ow
Page
3
where:

f
fd
=
fraction
of
the
total
concentration
of
chemical
in
water
that
is
freely
dissolved
POC
=
concentration
of
particulate
organic
carbon
in
water
(
kilograms
of
particulate
organic
carbon
per
liter
of
water)

DOC
=
concentration
of
dissolved
organic
carbon
in
water
(
kilograms
of
dissolved
organic
carbon
per
liter
of
water)

K
ow
=
n­
octanol­
water
partition
coefficient
The
national
default
values
for
POC
and
DOC
are
0.5
mg/
L
and
2.9
mg/
L
respectively.
The
derivation
of
these
values
is
explained
in
Section
6.3
of
EPA
2003.

For
example,
the
BAF
from
Table
10
in
EPA,
1995
for
2,3,7,8
TCDD
is
9.00e+
06
for
Trophic
Level
4
(
salmonids);
and
the
log
K
ow
is
7.02.
Given
these
two
parameters,
we
are
able
to
calculate
the
National
BAF
for
a
given
trophic
level.

The
first
step
would
be
to
calculate
the
fraction
of
the
total
concentration
of
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
which
is
freely
dissolved:

f
fd
=
1
1
+
POC
*
K
ow
+
DOC
*
0.08
*
K
ow
where:
POC
=
5.0
x10­
7
kg/
L
(
national
default
values)
DOC
=
2.9
x
10­
6
kg/
L
(
national
default
values)

Log
K
ow
=
7.02
Kow
=
107.02
=
10,471,285
so:
f
fd
=
1
1
+
5.0
x10­
7
kg/
L
*
1.05e+
07
+
2.9
x
10­
6
kg/
L
*
0.08
*
1.05e+
07
f
fd
=
0.11541
The
next
steps
is
to
insert
this
value
for
the
freely
dissolved
fraction
of
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
into
the
following
equation:

National
BAF
TL
n
=
[(
Final
Baseline
BAF)
TL
*
(
f

)
TL
n
+
1]
*
f
fd
where:
Page
4
HHOO
(
µ
g/
L)

70
kg
x
Risk
Level
(
dimensionless)
x
1,000
µ
g/
mg
SF
(
mg/
kg/
d)

1
x
0.0175
kg/
d
x
BAF
(
L/
kg)

HHOO
(
µ
g/
L)

70
kg
x
10

5
x
1,000
µ
g/
mg
160,000
(
mg/
kg/
d)

1
x
0.0175
kg/
d
x
31160.02
(
L/
kg)

HHOO
(
µ
g/
L)

8.02e

09
TWF

5.6
AQ

5.6
HHOO
Final
Baseline
BAF
TL
n
=
9.00e+
06
(
Trophic
Level
4)
(
f

)
TL
n
=
for
trophic
level
4,
.03
(
from
Table
of
national
default
values)

f
fd
=
0.11541
so:
National
BAF
TL
4
=
[(
9.00
e+
06)
4
*
(.
03)
4
+
1]
*
0.11541
National
BAF
TL
4
=
31160.02
To
incorporate
this
revised
BAF
into
the
TWF
methodology,
you
would
use
the
following
equation:

where:

HHOO
=
human
health
(
ingesting
organisms
only)
value
70
kg
=
weight
of
person
Risk
Level
=
10­
5
SF
=
slope
factor
BAF
=
bioaccumulation
factor
0.0175
kg/
d
=
fish
consumption
rate
This
equation
incorporates
the
updated
fish
consumption
number
as
well
as
the
use
of
the
BAF
instead
of
the
BCF.
Both
of
these
revisions
have
been
used
in
the
development
of
the
2000
Methodology
for
Deriving
Human
Health
Criteria
(
EPA
2000).

The
toxic
weighting
factor
would
be
calculated
using
the
following
equation:
Page
5
TWF

5.6
0.000001

5.6
8.02e

09
TWF

7.04e

08
It
should
be
noted,
though,
that
this
procedure
does
not
follow
the
recommendations
in
EPA,
2000
precisely
because
Baseline
BAFs
for
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
are
not
available
for
trophic
level
2
&
3.
Therefore,
all
of
the
17.5
grams/
day
fish
consumption
was
apportioned
to
trophic
level
4
only.
Two
approaches
were
considered
for
deriving
the
overall
BAF.
One
approach
would
apportion
the
17.5
grams
of
fish
eaten
per
day
among
trophic
levels
4,
3,
and
2
as
described
in
the
2000
Methodology
for
Deriving
Human
Health
Criteria
(
EPA,
2000).
Data
on
U.
S.
consumers
of
fish
and
shellfish
indicate
significant
consumption
of
organisms
in
these
trophic
levels.
The
second
approach
would
apportion
all
fish
intake
to
trophic
level
4.
EPA
selected
the
latter
approach
based
on
the
availability
of
data
recognizing
that
either
of
the
approaches
is
suitable
for
this
screening
level
analysis.
EPA
notes
there
was
little
difference
between
the
values
derived
using
either
approach.

The
results
of
these
recalculations
are
presented
in
Table
1
at
the
end
of
this
memorandum.

Recalculation
of
TWPEs
for
OCPSF
and
Petroleum
Refining
Section
4.2
of
Technical
Support
Document
for
the
2004
Effluent
Guidelines
Program
Plan
(
EPA,
2004)
describes
how
EPA
estimated
pollutant
loadings,
including
its
use
of
TWFs
to
estimate
TWPEs.
Section
4.2.4.2
describes
how
TWPEs
were
calculated
for
dioxins
and
dioxin
like
compounds.
The
TWFs
presented
in
TSD
Table
4­
2
were
used
to
estimate
the
dioxin
TWPEs
presented
in
Sections
5,
6,
and
7
of
the
TSD.
These
dioxin
TWPEs
were
used
in
EPA's
2004
annual
review
of
promulgated
effluent
guidelines.

After
EPA
revised
the
TWFs
for
dioxin
and
its
congeners,
EPA
recalculated
the
TWPEs
for
the
OCPSF
and
Petroleum
Refining
Categories
and
recreated
the
tables
included
in
the
TSD
using
the
recalculated
TWPES.
These
revised
tables
are
attached
to
this
memorandum.
Attachment
A
contains
the
tables
for
OCPSF
and
Attachment
B
contains
the
tables
for
Petroleum
Refining.

These
updated
TWPE
estimates
do
not
change
EPA's
earlier
conclusions
regarding
revision
of
OCPSF
and
Petroleum
Refining
effluent
limitations
guidelines
and
standards.

For
OCPSF,
the
recalculated
TWPE
continue
to
demonstrate
that
dioxin
discharges
from
the
vinyl
chloride
and
chlor­
alkali
manufacturing
sectors
are
significant.

For
petroleum
refining,
while
these
tables
reflect
increased
dioxin
TWPE
estimates,
the
issue
Page
6
remains
that
for
refineries,
TWPE
estimates
are
based
on
dioxin
concentrations
close
to
the
analytical
minimum
level.
Further,
the
highest
estimated
TWPE
was
calculated
for
an
effluent
sampled
only
once,
with
all
detected
congener
concentrations
below
the
Method
1613b
minimum
level.
See
Section
7
of
the
TSD
(
EPA,
2004)
for
additional
discussion.

Recalculation
of
Dioxin
TWPEs
for
Other
Categories
EPA
notes
that
because
of
time
constraints,
it
only
recalculated
dioxin
TWPEs
for
the
OCPSF
and
Petroleum
Refining
categories.
In
future
planning
cycles,
EPA
will
use
its
revised
TWFs
to
calculate
all
dioxin
TWPEs.

Revisions
to
TWFs
for
Other
Pollutants
In
its
December
3,
2003
memorandum
(
Zipf,
2003),
EPA
described
revisions
it
intends
to
make
in
its
TWFs
methodology.
This
memo
proposes
the
same
revisions
for
all
chemicals
that
are
put
forth
here
for
dioxin
and
its
congeners.
The
methodological
revisions
detailed
in
the
December
3,
2003
memorandum
will
be
completed
for
as
many
chemicals
as
possible
in
the
next
planning
cycle.

References:

U.
S.
EPA,
1995.
Great
Lakes
Water
Quality
Initiative
Technical
Support
Document
for
the
Procedure
to
Determine
Bioaccumulation
Factors
.
EPA­
820­
B­
95­
005.

U.
S.
EPA,
2000.
Methodology
for
Deriving
Human
Health
Criteria.
EPA­
822­
B­
00­
004.

U.
S.
EPA,
2003.
Methodology
for
Deriving
Ambient
Water
Quality
Criteria
for
the
Protection
of
Human
Health
Technical
Support
Document,
Volume
2:
Development
of
National
Bioaccumulation
Factors.
EPA­
822­
R­
03­
030.
Office
of
Water,
Washington,
D.
C.

U.
S.
EPA,
2004.
Technical
Support
Document
for
the
2004
Effluent
Guidelines
Program
Plan.

Van
den
Berg,
et
al.,
1998.
Toxic
Equivalence
Factors
(
TEFs)
for
PCBs,
PCDDs,
PCDFs
for
Humans
and
Wildlife,
Environ.
Health
Perspect.
106:
775­
792.

Zipf,
Lynn.
2003.
Memorandum:
Revisions
to
EAD's
Toxic
Weighting
Factor
Methodology.
December
3,
2003.
EPA
Docket
Number
OW­
2003­
0074.
(
DCN
708)

Zipf,
Lynn
2004.
Memorandum:
Slope
Factors
for
Dioxin
Congeners.
August
18,
2004.
EPA
Docket
Number
OW­
2003­
0074.
Page
7
Table
1
Comparison
of
Toxic
Weighting
Factors
for
Dioxin
and
its
Congeners
kg*
ug/
mg
Slope
Factor
Value
(
mg/
kg­
d)­
1
Old
FI
*
BCF
(
L/
d)
Updated
FI
*
BAF
(
L/
d)
%
Change
Old
HHOO
New
HHOO
%
Change
Freshwater
Aquatic
Life
Chronic
Old
TWF
New
TWF
%
Change
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
0.7
160,000
325
545.30
67.8
1.35e­
08
8.02e­
09
­
40.4
0.000001
421,600,000
703,584,499
66.9
1,2,3,7,8­
PCDD
0.7
160,000
325
541.35
66.6
1.35e­
08
8.08e­
09
­
40.0
0
416,000,000
692,931,538
66.6
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDD
0.7
16,000
325
183.58
­
43.5
1.35e­
07
2.38e­
07
77.0
41,600,000
23,498,504
­
43.5
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDD
0.7
16,000
325
74.66
­
77.0
1.35e­
07
5.86e­
07
335.3
41,600,000
9,556,087
­
77.0
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDD
0.7
16,000
325
82.78
­
74.5
1.35e­
07
5.29e­
07
292.6
41,600,000
10,595,715
­
74.5
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDD
0.7
1,600
325
32.12
­
90.1
1.35e­
06
1.36e­
05
911.7
4,160,000
411,193
­
90.1
OCDD
0.7
16
325
7.70
­
97.6
1.35e­
04
5.68e­
03
4119.5
0.001
47,200
6,586
­
86.0
2,3,7,8­
TCDF
0.7
16,000
325
342.11
5.3
8.41e­
07
1.28e­
07
­
84.8
0.00019
6,688,213
43,819,385
555.2
1,2,3,7,8­
PCDF
0.7
8,000
325
119.26
­
63.3
1.70e­
06
7.34e­
07
­
56.8
3,294,118
7,632,827
131.7
2,3,4,7,8­
PCDF
0.7
80,000
325
870.80
167.9
1.70e­
07
1.00e­
08
­
94.1
32,941,176
557,309,038
1591.8
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDF
0.7
16,000
325
45.00
­
86.2
8.41e­
07
9.72e­
07
15.6
6,658,740
5,760,600
­
13.5
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDF
0.7
16,000
325
110.23
­
66.1
8.41e­
07
3.97e­
07
­
52.8
6,658,740
14,109,162
111.9
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDF
0.7
16,000
325
369.60
13.7
8.41e­
07
1.18e­
07
­
85.9
6,658,740
47,308,608
610.5
2,3,4,6,7,8­
HxCDF
0.7
16,000
325
400.04
23.1
8.41e­
07
1.09e­
07
­
87.0
6,658,740
51,204,604
669.0
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDF
0.7
1,600
325
6.70
­
97.9
8.41e­
06
6.53e­
05
676.4
665,874
85,769
­
87.1
1,2,3,4,7,8,9­
HpCDF
0.7
1,600
325
237.03
­
27.1
8.41e­
06
1.85e­
06
­
78.1
665,874
3,033,965
355.6
OCDF
0.7
16
325
10.32
­
96.8
8.41e­
04
4.24e­
03
404.0
0.008
7,359
2,021
­
72.5
Attachment
A
OCPSF
Tables
TWPEs
Recalculated
using
Revised
TWFs
for
Dioxin
and
Its
Congners
A
­
1
Table
3­
8
(
revised).
OCPSF
Pollutant
Load
Discharged
to
Surface
Water
in
2000
by
SIC
Code1
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

SIC
Code
SIC
Code
Name
TRI
PCS
Pounds
TWPE
Pounds
TWPE
2821
Plastic
Materials
and
Synthetic
Resins
5,000,000
530,289
252,000,000
489,000
2823
Cellulosic
Man­
Made
Fibers
438,000
29,200
499,000,000
60,700
2824
Other
Synthetic
Organic
Fibers
1,740,000
2,420
13,100,000
3,290
2865
Cyclics,
Dyes,
and
Pigments
2,470,000
950,000
54,100,000
324,000
2869
Organic
Chemicals,
Not
Elsewhere
Classified
44,400,000
30,229,898
1,590,000,000
1,280,000
Total
Reported
TWPE
for
OCPSF
Category
54,000,000
31,700,000
2,410,000,000
2,110,000
Sources:
PCSLoads2000
and
TRI2000
databases.
Notes:
Numbers
updated
from
SIC
code
totals
from
the
proposed
Notice,
12/
31/
03,
because
of
data
corrections
described
in
Section
2.0
of
this
chapter.
1The
pollutant
load
discharged
to
surface
water
was
estimated
by
TRI
Releases
2000
using
pollutant
releases
to
directly
to
surface
water
and
transfers
to
publicly­
owned
treatment
works
(
POTWs),
taking
POTW
removals
into
account.

Table
3­
11
(
revised).
Top
Pollutants
Reported
Discharged
in
2000
for
the
OCPSF
Category
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
Reported
Data
Source
Pounds
Reported
TWPE
Reported
Dioxin
and
dioxin­
like
compounds
TRI
3.27
(
1,480
grams)
30.3
million
Polycyclic
aromatic
compounds
TRI
2,020
941,000
Aniline
TRI
85,600
120,400
A
­
2
Table
8­
3
(
revised).
Pollutants
of
Concern
for
Stand­
Alone
Chlor­
Alkali
Manufacturers1
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
lb/
yr
TWPE
%
of
Total
TWPE
for
Source
Source
#
Facilities
Reporting
Pollutant
Median
per
Facility
Load
TRI
Pollutants
Dioxin
and
dioxinlike
compounds
0.0086
509,828
98
TRI
3
0.0019
Mercury
69
8,078
1.5
TRI
5
12
Chlorine
3,578
1,742
0.3
TRI
2
1,789
Sodium
nitrite
3,000
1,120
0.2
TRI
1
NA
PCS
Pollutants
Sulfide,
Total
as
S
21,944
61,456
53
PCS
1
NA
Total
residual
chlorine
46,043
22,422
19
PCS
10
328
Mercury,
Total
as
Hg
165
19,314
17
PCS
8
20
Chloride
166,221,615
4,047
4
PCS
3
39,583,393
Benzo(
a)
pyrene
0.90
3,855
3
PCS
1
NA
Copper,
Total
as
Cu
3,705
2,322
2
PCS
7
76
Sources:
PCSLoads2000
and
TRIReleases2000
Databases.
1May
manufacture
additional
chemicals,
but
do
not
manufacture
EDC,
VCM,
or
PVC.
A
­
3
Table
8­
4
(
revised).
Pollutants
of
Concern
for
Stand­
Alone
EDC/
VCM
Manufacturers
(
No
Chlor
Alkali)
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
lb/
yr
TWPE
%
of
Total
TWPE
for
Source
Source
#
Facilities
Reporting
Pollutant
(%
with
PVC
Operations)
Median
per
Facility
Load
(
Annual
lbs/
facility)

TRI
Pollutants
Dioxin
and
dioxinlike
compounds
0.0013
9,360
97
TRI
1
NA
Chlorine
347
169
2
TRI
1
NA
PCS
Pollutants
Copper,
Total
as
Cu
51
32
71
PCS
1
NA
Chromium,
Total
as
Cr
102
8
17
PCS
1
NA
Zinc,
Total
as
Zn
108
5
11
PCS
1
NA
Sources:
PCSLoads2000
and
TRIReleases2000
Databases.
A
­
4
Table
8­
5
(
revised).
Pollutants
of
Concern
for
Integrated
Chlor­
Alkali
and
Vinyl
Facilities
(
Manufacturers
of
Chlor­
Alkali
and
EDC/
VCM,
May
Also
Produce
PVC)
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
lb/
yr
TWPE
%
of
Total
TWPE
for
Source
Source
#
Facilities
Reporting
Pollutant
(%
with
PVC
Operations)
Median
per
Facility
Load
(
Annual
lbs/
facility)

TRI
Pollutants
Dioxin
and
dioxinlike
compounds
3.24
29,562,274
>
99
TRI
9
0.005
Hexachlorobenzene
41
29,691
0.10
TRI
3
18
Chlorine
9,399
4,577
0.02
TRI
6
568
Copper
compounds
3,345
2,097
0.01
TRI
4
163
PCS
Pollutants
Total
residual
chlorine
43,608
21,237
46
PCS
9
723
Vinyl
chloride
49,982
5,793
13
PCS
1
NA
Chromium,
hexavalent
10,614
5,433
12
PCS
1
NA
Copper,
total
as
Cu
5,060
3,172
7
PCS
11
228
Phenolics,
total
recoverable
82,460
2,309
5
PCS
1
NA
Mercury,
total
recoverable
12.2
1,425
3
PCS
1
NA
Mercury,
total
as
Hg
11.7
1,368
3
PCS
3
1.9
Lead,
total
as
Pb
582
1,303
3
PCS
4
81
Chloride
46,191,7
50
1,125
2
PCS
1
NA
Sources:
PCSLoads2000
and
TRIReleases2000
Databases.
A
­
5
Table
8­
7
(
revised).
Dioxin
Releases
Reported
by
OCPSF
Facilities
to
TRI
for
2000
and
2001
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharge
Status
2000
2001
2000
Basis
for
Estimate
g
TM17
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)
g
TM17
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)

Atofina
Petrochemicals
La
Porte,
TX
Direct
0.079
1,847
0
0
O
Celanese
Acetate
Narrows,
VA
Direct
0.014
941
0
0
C,
M,
O
Condea
Vista
Baltimore,
MD
Direct
0.010
1.93
0
0
M,
O
Indirect
0.0034
0.66
0
0
M,
O
Cytec
Industries
Wallingford,
CT
Direct
3.00
448,66
4
1.00
149,582
M,
O
Dow
Freeport,
TX
Direct
562.12
297,39
3
708
6,862
M,
O
Midland,
MI
Direct
5.69
5,443,
311
2
49,465
C,
M,
O
Plaquemine,
LA
Direct
745.86
4,521,
356
512
2,685,7
90
M,
O
DuPont
Chamber
Works
Deepwater,
NJ
Direct
0.20
63
0
0
M,
O
Formosa
Plastics
Point
Comfort,
TX
Direct
0.61
6,948
0
0
M
Baton
Rouge,
LA
Direct
0.0018
30
0
0
M,
O
Geismar
Vinyls
(
Borden)
Geismar,
LA
Direct
0.61
9,360
0
0
C,
M,
O
Georgia
Gulf
Plaquemine,
LA
Direct
82.78
4,485,
615
0
0
M,
O
Occidental
Chemical
Convent,
LA
Direct
0.80
107,12
5
0
0
O,
M
Occidental
Chemical
Corp
Ingleside,
TX
Direct
1.60
7,668
1
5,801
M
Hahnville,
LA
Direct
0.86
31,952
14
2,441,1
81
M,
O
Niagara
Falls,
NY
Direct
0.24
1,202
0
0
M,
O
Indirect
0.00054
2.71
0
0
M,
O
Oxy
Vinyls
La
Porte
VCM
Plant
La
Porte,
TX
Direct
2.33
251,78
8
1
108,083
M,
O
PPG
Industries,
Inc.
Lake
Charles,
LA
Direct
74.79
14,738
,433
42
7,600,9
26
M,
O
Table
8­
7
(
revised)
Continued
Site
Name
Location
Discharge
Status
2000
2001
2000
Basis
for
Estimate
g
TM17
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)
g
TM17
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)

A
­
6
Natrium,
WV
Direct
2.81
476,67
1
2
339,716
M
Sasol
North
America,
Inc.
Westlake,
LA
Direct
0.20
8,592
0
0
E,
M,
O
Velsicol
Chemical
Corp
Memphis,
TN
Indirect
4.14
65,590
5
73,472
DNR
Source:
TRIReleases2000
database,
2001
National
TRI
Data.
Notes:
DNR
indicates
that
the
facility
did
not
respond
to
this
question
in
the
2000
TRI.
M
 
Estimate
is
based
on
monitoring
data
or
measurements.
C
 
Estimate
is
based
on
mass
balance
calculations,
such
as
calculation
of
the
amount
of
wastes
entering
and
leaving
process
equipment.
E
 
Estimate
is
based
on
published
emission
factors,
such
as
those
relating
release
quantity
to
through­
put
or
equipment
type
(
e.
g.,
air
emission
factors).
O
 
Estimate
is
based
on
other
approaches
such
as
engineering
calculations
(
e.
g.,
estimating
volatilization
using
published
mathematical
formulas)
or
best
engineering
judgment.
This
would
include
applying
an
estimated
removal
efficiency
to
a
treatment,
even
if
the
composition
of
the
waste
before
treatment
was
fully
identified
through
monitoring
data.

Table
8­
8
(
revised).
Dioxin
Loads
Reported
by
OCPSF
Facilities
to
PCS
for
2000
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Facility
Parameter
lbs/
yr
PCS
TWPE
Formosa
Plastics
Corporation,
La
Porte,
TX
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
ND
ND
Dow
Chemical
Midland,
TX
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
ND
ND
Oxychem
Lake
Charles
Plant
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
ND
ND
Dover
Chemical
Corporation
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
ND
ND
Chlorinated
Dibenzo­
p­
dioxins,
Effluent
0.00011
2,355
Source:
PCSLoads2000
database.
ND
­
not
detected.
A
­
7
Table
8­
10
(
revised).
CCC
Data
for
Dioxin
Discharges
from
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlorine
or
Chlorine­
Related
Products
for
2000
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Company
Facility
Location
Dioxin
Water
Release
(
g
TEQ)
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)

Dow
Plaquemine,
LA
7.71
11,948,539
Dow
Freeport,
TX
6.91
10,708,742
Dow
Midland,
MI
0.037
57,341
Formosa
Plastics
Delaware
City,
DE
0
0
Formosa
Plastics
Point
Comfort,
TX
0
0
Formosa
Plastics
Corp
Louisiana
Baton
Rouge,
LA
0
0
Geismar
Vinyls
Geismar,
LA
0
0
Georgia
Gulf
Plaquemine,
LA
0.023
35,644
Georgia
Gulf
Lake
Charles
LLC
Westlake,
LA
0
0
Occidental
Chemical
Convent,
LA
0.00204
3,161
Occidental
Chemical
Company
Delaware
City,
DE
0.00013
201
Occidental
Chemical
Corp
and
Oxymar
Ingleside,
TX
0.181
280,504
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Hahnville,
LA
1.08
1,673,725
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Mobile,
AL
0.000036
56
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Niagara
Falls,
NY
0.01
15,497
Oxy
Vinyls
Deer
Park
Chlor­
alkali
Plant
Deer
Park,
TX
5.400E­
01
836,863
Oxychem
Muscle
Shoals,
AL
8.65E­
08
0.134
Oxychem
Castle
Hayne,
NC
0
0
OxyChem
Grand
Island,
NY1
0
0
OxyVinyls
Battleground
Chlor­
alkali
Plant
LaPorte,
TX
4.830E­
0
749
Oxyvinyls
Deer
Park
VCM
Deer
Park,
TX
0.0308
47,732
Oxyvinyls
La
Porte
VCM
Plant
La
Porte,
TX
0.00643
9,965
PPG
Lake
Charles,
LA
8.98
13,916,715
PPG
Industries,
Inc.
Natrium/
New
Martinsville,
WV
0.193
299,101
Vulcan
Chemical
Geismar,
LA
0
0
Wichita,
KS
0
0
Sources:
CCC
web
page,
Individual
CCC
reports.
1The
Oxychem
Grand
Island
facility
is
not
included
in
the
OCPSF
Dioxin
Discharging
Group
because
it
is
a
R&
D
A
­
8
center.
The
facility
was
closed
in
December
2001.
A
­
9
Table
8­
11
(
revised).
Dioxin
Congeners
Detected
in
Raw
Wastewater
from
EDC/
VCM
Operations1
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Dioxin
Congener
Detected
Maximum
Concentration2
(
ng/
L)
TEF
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDD
880
0.01
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDF
43,000
0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9­
HpCDF
12,000
0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDD
52
0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDD
91
0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDD
110
0.1
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDF
5,300
0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDF
1,200
0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDF
1,200
0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8­
HxCDF
430
0.1
2,3,4,7,8­
PeCDF
230
0.5
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
17
1
2,3,7,8­
TCDF
82
0.1
Toxic
Equivalency
of
Mixture
(
ng
TEQ/
L)
1,537.00
TWPE
of
Mixture
(
TWPE/
L)
0.69
Notes:
1Source:
Best
Demonstrated
Available
Technology
(
BDAT)
Background
Document
for
Chlorinated
Aliphatics
Production
Wastes
­
K173,
K174,
K175,
EPA
OSW,
July
1999.
2Maximum
concentration
detected
in
wastewater
from
six
facilities.
EPA
OSW
sampled
the
influent
to
biological
treatment
from
chlorinated
aliphatics
manufacturers,
all
of
which
manufacture
EDC/
VCM
in
addition
to
other
chlorinated
aliphatics.
The
samples
were
analyzed
using
EPA
Method
1613.
A
­
10
Table
8­
12
(
revised).
Focus
Group
3
Industry
Analytical
Data
on
Dioxin
in
Wastewater
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Type
of
Wastewater
Number
of
Facilities
with
Data
Concentration,
pg­
TEQ/
L
Minimum
TWPE/
MGal2
Range
of
Flows,
MGD1
Range
Median
Range
Media
n
Raw
Wastewater
Chlorine
Gas
Condensates,
Prior
to
Wastewater
Treatment
9
238
­
35,674
6,198
1,089
­
188,827
25,794
0.008
­
0.217
EDC
Quench
Water,
Prior
to
Wastewater
Treatment
2
10,231
­
18,537
14,384
3,305
­
31,390
17,348
0
­
0.194
Treated
Effluent
Wastewater
Treated
Process
Wastewater
Effluent,
Including
Chlor­
Alkali
Wastewater
Only
7
0.508
­
535
66.5
0.91
­
3,075
241
1.49
­
17.2
Treated
Process
Wastewater
Effluent,
Including
Chlor­
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
Other
Organics
Operations
2
0.000104
­
110
55.2
0.0000023
­
636
318
11.6
Treated
Process
Wastewater
Effluent
Including
EDC,
VCM,
and
Other
Organic
Operations
6
3.12
­
174
34.3
2.11
­
658
92
0.77
­
39.4
Treated
Process
Wastewater
Effluent,
Including
PVC
Operations
Only
1
0.333
NA
0.26
NA
NA
Source:
Industry
Responses
to
EPA
Data
Request
June
2004.
Notes:
1Flows
from
four
facilities
were
excluded
from
flow
ranges
to
protect
confidential
business
information.
Also,
some
facilities
providing
flow
data
did
not
provide
analytical
data,
and
visa
versa.
2To
calculate
TWPE,
for
concentrations
below
detection
limits,
EPA
assumed
the
value
to
be
zero.
This
represents
the
minimum
TWPE
based
on
industry
data.
A
­
11
Table
8­
13
(
revised).
Wastewater
Dioxin
Discharges
from
Focus
Group
3
Based
On
Industry
Data
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Product
Type
Number
of
Facilities
with
Data
Total
Annual
Dioxin
Discharge
grams
TEQ
TWPE1
Stand­
Alone
Manufacturers
of
Chlor­
Alkali
2
1.76
2.6
million
Stand­
Alone
Manufacturers
of
EDC,
VCM,
and
Other
Organic
Operations
0
NR
NR
Integrated
Manufacturers
of
Chlor­
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
Other
Organics
Operations
7
10.1
8.9
million
Manufacturers
of
PVC
Only
0
NR
NR
Notes:
1TWPE
were
calculated
using
measured
congener
concentrations;
therefore,
the
grams
TEQ
were
not
used
to
calculate
the
TWPE.
For
concentrations
below
detection
limits,
EPA
assumed
the
concentration
to
be
zero.
NR
=
none
reported
Table
8­
14
(
revised).
Comparison
of
Wastewater
Dioxin
Discharges
from
Focus
Group
3
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Product
Group
TRI
(
2000
Data)
CCC
(
2000
Data)
Industry
Responses1
Number
of
Facilities
Reporting
g
TM­
17
TWP
E
Number
of
Facilities
Reporting
g
TEQ
TWP
E
Number
of
Facilities
Reporting
g
TE
Q
TWP
E2
Stand­
Alone
Chlor­
Alkali
3
3.91
509,82
8
7
1.28
2.0
millio
n
2
1.76
2.6
millio
n
Stand­
Alone
EDC/
VCM
1
0.61
9,360
2
0
0
0
NC
NC
Integrated
Chlor­
Alkali
and
EDC/
VCM
9
1,470
29,562
,274
11
24
37
millio
n
7
10.1
8.9
millio
n
Stand­
Alone
PVC
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NC
NC
Total
13
1,480
30
millio
n
21
26
39
millio
n
9
12
11.6
millio
n
Notes:
A
­
12
1Some
facilities
provided
one
year
of
data
(
not
necessarily
for
2000),
and
others
provided
multiple
years
of
data.
See
[
DCN
TBD]
in
the
administrative
record
for
details
on
how
EPA
calculated
annual
discharge.
2TWPE
were
calculated
using
measured
congener
concentrations;
therefore,
the
grams
TEQ
were
not
used
to
calculate
the
TWPE.
NC
=
not
calculated.
The
facilities
providing
concentration
data
did
not
provide
flows;
therefore,
grams
of
dioxin
discharged
could
not
be
estimated.
A
­
13
Table
8­
15
(
revised).
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Stand­
Alone
Chlor­
Alkali
Manufacturers
Ashta
Ashtabula,

OH
Mercury
cell
Plastics,
Coatings,

Polyurethanes
and
Industrial
Chemicals
Bayer
Baytown,
TX
Membrane
&
HCl
cells
DuPont
Niagara
Falls,

NY
Downs
sodium
GE
Plastics
Burkville,
AL
Diaphragm
&
membrane
GE
Plastics
Mount
Vernon,
IN
Diaphragm
Kuehne
Kearny,
NJ
Membrane
Chlorine
Institute
lists
location
as
Delaware
City,
DE,

but
environmental
data
only
exist
for
Kearny,
NJ
Occidental
Chemical
Company
Delaware
City,
DE
Mercury
Cell
0.00013
201
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Hahnville,
LA
Direct
Diaphragm
&
membrane
0.86
31,952
1.08
1,673,725
Location
also
noted
as
Taft
on
CCC
web
site.
A
­
14
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Mobile,
AL
Direct
Membrane
Membra
ne
0.000036
56
Occidental
Chemical
Corporation
Niagara
Falls,

NY
Both
(
dioxin
reported
as
indirect)
Diaphragm
0.24
1,205
0.01
15,497
Olin
Augusta,
GA
Mercury
cell
Olin
Charleston,

TN
Mercury
cell
Olin
McIntosh,
AL
Diaphragm
Believe
this
is
the
same
plant
as
the
jointly
ventured
Olin/
PolyOne
McIntosh
plant.

Sunbelt/
Olin
McIntosh,
AL
Believe
this
is
the
same
plant
as
the
jointly
ventured
Olin/
PolyOne
McIntosh
plant.

Olin
Niagara
Falls,

NY
Membrane
Oxychem
Muscle
Shoals,
AL
Mercury
cell
Mercury
cell
8.65E­
08
0.134
A
­
15
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Pioneer
Henderson,

NV
Diaphragm
Pioneer
St.
Gabriel,

LA
Mercury
cell
Pioneer:

IDLED
2002
Tacoma,
WA
Diaphragm
&
membrane
Idled
02/
02
according
to
Chlorine
Institute.

PPG
Industries,
Inc.
Natrium/
New
Martinsville,

WV
Direct
Diaphragm
&
mercury
2.81
476,671
0.19
299,101
Vulcan
Port
Edwards,

WI
Mercury
cell
Vulcan4
Wichita,
KS
Direct
Diaphragm
&
membrane
­
­

Georgia
Pacific
Green
Bay,

WI
Diaphragm
Georgia
Pacific
Muskogee,

OK
Membrane
Georgia
Pacific
Rincon,
GA
Membrane
Chlor­
Alkali
and
EDC/
VCM
Manufacturers
(
May
Also
Manufacture
PVC)

Dow
Plaquemine,

LA
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesb
Yesb
746
4,521,35
6
7.71
11,948,53
9
A
­
16
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Dow
Freeport,
TX
Direct
Diaphragm
&
membrane
Magnesiu
m
Yesb
Yesb
562
297,393
6.91
10,708,74
2
Dow
Chemical
at
Oyster
Creek
is
considered
part
of
the
Freeport
Plant.

Georgia
Gulf
Plaquemine,

LA
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesb
Yesb
Yesb
82.78
4,485,61
5
0.02
35,644
PPG
Lake
Charles,

LA
Direct
Diaphragm
&
mercury
Yesb
Yesb
75
14,738,4
33
8.98
13,916,71
5
Occidental
Chemical
Corp
and
Oxymar
Ingleside,
TX
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesc
Yesc
1.60
7,688
0.18
280,504
Occidental
and
Oxymar
are
the
same
plant
and
are
located
in
Gregory,
TX,

(
Corpus
Christi
or
Ingleside,
TX
­
all
listings
are
the
same
location).
EDC
Plant
temporarily
idled
since
June
2001
Occidental
Chemical
Convent,
LA
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesb
0.80
107,125
0.00204
3,161
Formosa
Plastics
Point
Comfort,
TX
Direct
Membrane
Yesb
Yesb
Yesb
0.61
6,948
­
­

Formosa
Plastics
Corp
Louisiana
Baton
Rouge,

LA
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesb
Yesb
Yesb
0.001
8
30
­
­
A
­
17
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Oxyvinyls
La
Porte
VCM
Plant
La
Porte,
TX
Direct
Yesa
Yesa
2.33
251,788
0.00643
9,965
Also
known
as
Geon
of
La
Porte,
TX
and
Formosa
Plastics.

OxyVinyls
Battleground
Chlor
Alkali
Plant
La
Porte,
TX
Direct
Diaphragm
4.830E­

04
749
Oxy
Vinyls
Deer
Park
PVC
Plant
Deer
Park,
TX
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesa
Same
NPDES
permit
as
Oxy
Vinyls
Deer
Park
VCM
Plant
Oxyvinyls
Deer
Park
VCM
Deer
Park,
TX
Direct
Yes
Yesb
Yesb
0.031
47,732
Also
known
as
Occidental
Chemicals
Deer
Park
VCM
Plant
and
Geon.

Oxy
Vinyls
Deer
Park
Chlor
Alkali
Plant
Deer
Park,
TX
Direct
5.400E­

01
836,863
Temporarily
idled
since
December
27,

2001
Vulcan
Geismar,
LA
Direct
Diaphragm
Yesb
­
­

Vulcan/
Mitsui
Membrane
Westlake
Monomers
Calvert
City,

KY
Direct
Membrane
Yesb
Yesb
Formerly
a
Goodrich
Facility.

Stand­
Alone
EDC/
VCM
Manufacturers
(
May
Also
Manufacture
PVC)
A
­
18
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Borden
Chemical
(
Geismar
Vinyls)
Geismar,
LA
Direct
Yesc
Yesc
Yesc
0.61
9,360
­
­
Giesmar
Vinyls
purchased
Borden's
EDC/
VCM/
PVC
plant
in
2003
Georgia
Gulf
Lake
Charles
LLC
Westlake,
LA
Transfer
to
Sasol
N.
A.
8
Yesa
Yesa
­
­
Also
known
as
Condea
Vista
Chemical
Corp
and
Vista
Chemical.

Location
sometimes
listed
as
Lake
Charles.

Stand­
Alone
PVC
Manufacturers
Certainteed
Corp.
Westlake,
LA
Direct
Yesc
Colorite
Specialty
Resins
Burlington,
NJ
Direct
Yesb
Same
plant
as
Geon
and
Polyone
in
Burlington.

Dow
Texas
City
Plant
Texas
City,

TX
Indirect
Yesc
Formerly
Union
Carbide
­
merged
with
Dow
in
2001.

Formosa
Plastics
Delaware
City,
DE
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesb
­
­
Also
known
as
Georgia
Gulf.

Formosa
Plastics
Illiopolis,
IL
Direct
Yesc
Purchased
from
Borden
in
2002
A
­
19
Table
8­
15
(
revised)
Listing
of
Facilities
Manufacturing
Chlor
Alkali,
EDC,
VCM,
and
PVC
(
Continued)

(
TWPE
calculated
with
7/
27/
04
dioxin
TWFs)

Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Georgia
Gulf
Aberdeen,
MS
Indirect
Yesb
Georgia
Gulf
Chemicals
&

Vinyls
L.
L.
C.
Oklahoma
City,
OK
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesc
Occidental
Chemical
Corp.
Pottstown,
PA
Indirect
Yesb
Oxy
Vinyls
Louisville,

KY
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesc
Formerly
PolyOne
Oxy
Vinyls
Pedricktown,

NJ
Direct
Yesb
Formerly
PolyOne
Oxy
Vinyls
L.
P.
Pasadena
PVC
Plant
Pasadena,
TX
Direct
Yesc
Polyone
Corp.
Burlington,
NJ
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesb
Vinyl
compounding
site
­
closed
in
2002
Polyone
Corp.
Henry,
IL
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesc
Also
known
as
Geon.
Site
Name
Location
Discharg
e
Type
Product(
s)
Manufactred4
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Reported
for
2000
Additional
Products
Made,
Comments,

and
Previous
Company
Names
Chlor
Alkali
(
Na
and
Cl)
K
and
Cl
Recover
Chlorine
by
Other
Means
EDC
VCM
PVC
TRI5
CCC6
g/
yr
TWPE/
y
r
g/
yr
TEQ
TWPE/
yr
Shin
tech
Inc.
Addis,
LA
Direct
Yesc
Purchased
from
Borden
in
2002
Shintech
Inc.
Freeport,
TX
Direct
Yesc
Vygen
Ashtabula,

OH
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesc
Appears
to
be
closed
as
of
1993
Westlake
PVC
Corp.
Calvert
City,

KY
Direct
Yesc
Westlake
PVC
Corp.
Pensacola,
FL
No
reported
discharg
e
Yesc
Appears
to
be
closed.

Notes:

K
and
Cl
stands
for
potassium
and
chlorine.

2Facilities
may
be
regulated
under
additional
effluent
guidelines
(
e.
g.,
have
operations
in
more
than
one
point
source
category).
This
table
shows
which
category
would
cover
the
process
most
likely
generating
the
dioxin­
related
discharges.

4Discharges
all
wastewater
to
a
deep
well.

5TRI
dioxin
TWPE
are
based
on
the
congener­
specific
distribution
data
in
TRI.
Where
congener­
specific
distribution
data
were
not
available,
ERG
used
the
average
TWF
for
each
product
group:
chlor
alkali
only,
chlor
alkali
with
EDC/
VCM,
EDC/
VCM
only,
or
PVC.
For
those
sites
not
in
an
identified
product,
ERG
used
the
median
dioxin
TWF
of
6,666,667.

6CCC
TWPE
are
based
on
a
TWF
of
421,600,000,
which
is
the
2,3,4=
7,8­
TCDD
TWF,
multiplied
by
the
lbs
TEQ.
A
dash
(­)
indicates
that
the
facility
reported
0
g
TEQ
to
the
CCC.
Attachment
B
Petroleum
Refining
Tables
TWPEs
Recalculated
using
Revised
TWFs
for
Dioxin
and
Its
Congners
B
­
1
Table
5­
2
(
revised).
Discharges
Reported
to
the
2000
TRI
for
the
Petroleum
Refining
Industry
­
Pollutants
Comprising
~
90%
of
the
TWPE
(
TWPE
Calculated
with
7/
27/
2004
Dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
Total
Pounds
Discharged
Total
TWPE
Discharged
Percent
of
Total
TWPE
Discharged
TWPE
Range
per
Reporting
Refinery
Average
TWPE
per
Reporting
Refinery
Number
of
Reporting
Refineries
Dioxinsa
0.02
724,000
75%
218
­
272,300
40,212
17
PACsb
487
112,000
12%
460
­
40,400
5,900
19
Metals
(
Top
5)
c
(
Vanadium
Only)
98,200
76,000
(
55,000)
8%
(
6%)
0.96
­
25,076
(
3.7
­
25,076)
1316
(
3,946)
42
(
14)

TOTAL
98,702
912,000
95%
53
Source:
EPA.
TRI
Releases
2000.
a
See
Section
7.2
for
a
discussion
on
the
calculation
of
TWPE.
b
See
Section
6.2
for
a
discussion
on
the
calculation
of
TWPE.
c
Top
5
metals
include:
Vanadium,
Mercury,
Selenium,
Chromium,
and
Lead
B
­
2
Table
7­
2
(
revised).
Petroleum
Refineries
Reporting
Releases
of
Dioxins
to
2000
TRI
(
TWPE
Calculated
with
7/
27/
2004
Dioxin
TWFs)

TRI
ID
Refinery
Name
City,
State
Direct
Discharge
(
grams/
yr)
Direct
Discharge
(
TWPE)
To
POTW
(
gr/
yr)
After
POTW
a
(
gr/
yr)
After
POTW
a
(
TWPE)
Did
Refinery
Report
Dioxin
Congener
Distribution?

77590MRTHNFOOTO
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
L.
L.
C.
Texas
City,
TX
2
272,299
 
 
 
 
98221SHLLLWESTM
Tesoro
Northwest
Co.
Anacortes,
WA
5.1999
97,127
 
 
 

70669CNCLKOLDSP
Conoco
Lake
Charles
Refy.
Westlake,
LA
0.5392
73,412
 
 
 
 
07036XXN
1400P
Bayway
Refining
Co.
Linden,
NJ
0.254
63,720
 
 
 

43616SHLCM4001C
Bp
Oil
Co.
Toledo
Refy.
Oregon,
OH
0.286
53,150
 
 
 

94802CHVRN841ST
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Richmond
Refy.
Richmond,
CA
0.34
45,598
 
 
 

90245CHVRN324WE
Chevron
Usa
Prods.
Co.
El
Segundo,
CA
0.33
30,114
 
 
 

74603CNCPN1000S
Conoco
Inc.
Ponca
City
Refy.
Ponca
City,
OK
0.1809
24,627
 
 
 
 
59101CNCBL401SO
Conoco
Inc.
Billings
Refy.
Billings,
MT
0.1616
21,996
 
 
 
 
08066MBLLCBILLI
Valero
Refining
Co.
N.
J.
Paulsboro,
NJ
0.09
12,253
 
 
 
 
00851HSSLVLIMET
Hovensa
L.
L.
C.
Christiansted,
VI
0.0693
9,441
 
 
 
 
80022CNCDN5801B
Conoco
Denver
Refy.
Commerce
City,
CO
0.06
8,169
 
 
 
 
39567CHVRNPOBOX
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Pascagoula
Refy.
Pascagoula,
MS
0.035
4,765
 
 
 
 
62454MRTHNMARAT
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
L.
L.
C.
Robinson,
IL
0.03
4,084
 
 
 
 
00654PHLPSPHILI
Chevron
Phillips
Chemical
Puerto
Rico
Guayama,
PR
0.0022
297
 
 
 
 
70602CTGPTHIGHW
Citgo
Petroleum
Corp.
Lake
Charles,
LA
0.0016
218
 
 
 
 
79905CHVRN6501T
Chevron
Usa
El
Paso
Refy.
El
Paso,
TX
 
 
0.11
0.0187
2,546
 
Source:
EPA,
TRI
Releases
2000.

a.
Mass
transferred
to
POTW,
that
is
ultimately
discharged
to
surface
waters.
Accounts
for
POTW
removals.
B
­
3
Table
7­
3
(
revised).
Petroleum
Refineries
Reporting
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
to
the
2000
PCS
(
TWPE
Calculated
with
7/
27/
2004
Dioxin
TWFs)

NPDES
ID
Refinery
Name
City,
State
Direct
Discharge
(
milligrams/
yr)
Direct
Discharge
(
TWPE/
yr)

AL0055859
Shell
Oil
Mobile
Saraland,
AL
0
0
CA0004961
Tesoro
Refining
Martinez,
CA
0.664
a
1029.96
WI0003085
Murphy
Oil
USA
Inc
Superior,
WI
0
0
Source:
EPA,
PCS
Loads
2000.
a
Refinery
reports
TCDD
equivalents.
B
­
4
Table
7­
6
(
revised).
Dioxin
Concentrations
Measured
in
U.
S.
Petroleum
Refinery
Final
Effluent
(
TWPE
Calculated
with
7/
27/
2004
Dioxin
TWFs)

Facility
Source
Results
2,3,7,8­

TCDD
(
pg/
L)
TEQ
(
pg/
L)
Measured
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)

Tesoro
Northwest
Company
Anacortes,
WA
WA
DOE
(
1)
March
8,
2000
­
split
sample
analyzed
by
two
labs.
Results
shown
average
two
results.
Five
congeners
detected
by
at
least
one
lab,
including
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDF
by
both
labs.

August
30,
2000
­
split
sample
analyzed
by
two
labs.
Results
shown
average
two
results.
Nine
congeners
detected
by
at
least
one
lab,
including
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDF
by
both
labs.
<
3
<
4
3.1
to
21.3a
15.5
to
37.9a
57
to
563b
ARCO
Cherry
Point
Refinery
Blaine,
WA
WA
DOE
(
1)
May
3,
2000
­
No
congeners
detected.

October
1,
2000
­
No
congeners
detected.

April
6,
2001
­
No
congeners
detected.

April
13,
2001­
No
congeners
detected.
<
10
<
10
<
10
<
10
0
0
0
0
0
U.
S.
Oil
&
Refining
Co.

Tacoma,
WA
WA
DOE
(
1)
July
16­
17,
2002
­
No
congeners
detected.

June
23
­
24,
2002
­
No
congeners
detected.
ND
ND
0
0
0
Shell
Oil
Products
US
Puget
Sound
Refinery
Anacortes,
WA
WA
DOE
(
2)
January
2003
­
Only
OCDD
detected.

March
2003
­
No
congeners
detected.

January
2004
­
No
congeners
detected.
ND
ND
ND
0.012
0
0
0.013
to
2338b
Shell
Oil
Mobile
Saraland,
AL
PCS
(
3)
1998
to
2000
­
permit
requires
yearly
monitoring
for
2,3,7,8­
TCDD.

Never
detected.
ND
0
0
Murphy
Oil
USA
Inc.

Superior,
WI
PCS
(
3)
February
29,
2000
­
permit
requires
monitoring
for
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
<
2.7
0
0
Tesoro
Refining
(
Previously
Tosco)

Avon
Refinery
Martinez,
CA
PCS
(
3)
March
31,
2000
June
30,
2000
October
31,
2000
permit
requires
quarterly
reporting
TCDD­
equivalents.

Discharge
is
98%
non­
process,
2%
process.
NR
NR
NR
0.00028
0.30
0.09
21.38
Facility
Source
Results
2,3,7,8­

TCDD
(
pg/
L)
TEQ
(
pg/
L)
Measured
TWPE
(
lb­
eq)

B
­
5
Tosco
(
4)
January
­
December,
1996­
Outfall
to
bay
­
Results
reported
as
TCDD
TEQ.

Individual
congeners
not
reported.
Outfall
includes
process
and
non­
process
sources
of
dioxins.
Result
shown
is
12
month
average.

June
1996
­
GAC
outlet.
Treated
process
wastewater.

August
1996
­
GAC
outlet.
Treated
process
wastewater
NR
NR
NR
0.47
0.012
0.00
NC
PDS
(
5)
ca
1989
­
Outfall
to
bay.
13
ppq
TCDF
detected;
not
found
when
sample
reanalyzed.

Re­
analyzed
sample.
Only
OCDD
detected
ND
ND
1.3
0.12
NC
BP
Oil
Company
Toledo
Refining
Oregon,
OH
BP
(
6)
2000
­
9
congeners
detected
0
to
0.84c
0
to
4.29c
0
to
61,254c
TOTAL
MEASURED
DIOXIN
DISCHARGE:
21.4
to
63,613
Sources:

1.
Washington
State
Department
of
Ecology.
Letter
of
Transmittal.
December
11,
2003
(
DCN
00711);

2.
Shell
Oil
Products
U.
S.
Puget
Sound
Refinery.
Dioxin
Study
Report
(
NPDES
Permit
WA­
000294­
1).
June
2004.

3.
U.
S.
EPA.
PCS
Loads
2000;

4.
Tosco
Refining
Company
Avon
Refinery.
Dioxin
Source
Investigation
Pursuant
to
Cease
and
Desist
Order
No.
95­
151,
Final
Report;
and
5.
U.
S.
EPA,
1996
Preliminary
Data
Summary,
Table
6.9.

6.
[
TBD]

NC
­
not
calculated,
reporting
data
for
2000
used
to
calculate
TWPE
for
refinery.

ND
­
not
detected,
detection
limit
not
reported.

NR
­
not
reported
a
Low
value
assumes
ND
=
0;
high
value
assumes
ND
=
detection
limit.

b
Total
year
2000
discharges.
Low
value
assumes
ND
=
0;
high
value
assumes
ND
=
detection
limit.

c
All
concentrations
reported
by
BP
were
less
than
low
end
of
calibration
curve.
Low
value
assumes
all
results
were
ND,
and
ND
=
0.
High
value
assumes
detected
results
present
at
reported
concentration
and
ND
=
detection
limit.
B
­
6
Table
8­
2
(
revised).
Metals
Discharges
as
Percent
of
Total
TWPE
(
TWPE
Calculated
with
7/
27/
2004
Dioxin
TWFs)

Pollutant
Total
TWPE
Discharged
Percent
of
Total
TWPE
Discharged
TRI
Loads
Metals
84,368
9a
Total
957,736
PCS
Loads
Metals
33,547
17
Total
192,862
Source:
EPA.
TRI
Releases
2000
and
PCS
Loads
2000.
a
Metals
comprise
70
percent
of
the
TRI
TWPE
if
PACs
and
dioxins
are
excluded.
