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MEMORANDUM
TO:
304(
m)
Record
(
EPA
Docket
Number
OW­
2003­
0074)

FROM:
Betsy
Bicknell
DATE:
December
10,
2003
SUBJECT:
Review
of
Reported
Petroleum
Refinery
Wastewater
Discharges
As
part
of
its
annual
review
of
existing
effluent
limitations
guidelines
and
standards,
EPA
is
analyzing
pollutant
discharge
loadings
reported
in
the
Permit
Compliance
System
(
PCS)
and
the
Toxic
Release
Inventory
(
TRI).
As
required
by
Section
313
of
the
Emergency
Planning
and
Community
Right­
to­
Know
Act
(
EPCRA),
facilities
report
to
TRI
both
the
mass
of
pollutants
released
directly
to
receiving
streams
and
transfers
to
municipal
wastewater
treatment
plants.
To
evaluate
the
potential
environmental
hazard
of
the
discharged
pollutants,

EPA
used
its
Risk
Screening
Environmental
Indicators
(
RSEI)
model
to
estimate
the
reduction
in
pollutant
mass
accomplished
by
the
treatment
plants
and
the
resulting
discharge
to
receiving
streams.
From
these
data,
EPA
created
listings
of
the
toxic­
weighted
pound­
equivalents
for
each
pollutant
reported
discharged
by
each
U.
S.
petroleum
refinery.
(
See
"
Analysis
of
Discharge
Data
for
Six
Industry
Categories",
August
1,
2003,
Docket
Section
4.0,
DCN
00258).
EPA
found
that
the
reported
releases
of
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Compounds
(
PACs)
represented
up
to
88
percent
of
the
total
toxic­
weighted
refining
industry
releases
modeled
by
RSEI
(
the
percent
of
the
total
depends
on
the
factor
selected
to
weight
the
PAC
releases).
The
reported
releases
of
"
dioxin
and
dioxin­
like
compounds"
(
hereafter
dioxins)
represented
7
percent
of
the
total
releases.
Thus,
the
reported
releases
of
PACs
and
dioxins
drive
the
characterization
of
the
toxic
releases
of
the
petroleum
refinery
industry.
EPA
reviewed
individual
facility
discharge
reports
to
verify
the
reasonableness
of
the
reported
releases
of
these
two
pollutant
groups.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
2
1EPA
Emergency
Planning
and
Community
Right­
to­
Know
Act
­
Section
313:
Guidance
for
Reporting
Toxic
Chemicals:
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Compounds
Category.
EPA
260­
B­
01­
03,
August
2001.

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PACs
1.
Definition
of
PACs
and
Reporting
Requirements
PACs,
sometimes
known
as
Polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons,
are
a
class
of
organic
compounds
consisting
of
two
or
more
fused
aromatic
rings.
EPA's
guidance
on
reporting
PACs1
identifies
the
21
chemicals
included
in
the
PAC
category.
See
Attachment
1.
Facilities
with
10
or
more
employees
in
specified
SIC
codes
(
including
2911
Petroleum
Refining)
that
manufacture,
process
or
otherwise
use
more
than
100
pounds
of
PACs
must
report
the
releases
of
these
compounds
to
EPA.
Facilities
must
report
the
combined
mass
of
PACs
released.
They
do
not
report
releases
of
individual
compounds
to
TRI.
In
contrast,
some
petroleum
refineries
are
required
to
report
the
discharge
of
individual
PACs
as
a
condition
of
their
NPDES
permits.

These
reported
discharges
are
included
in
the
PCS
database.

2.
PCS
Records
of
Refineries
Reporting
Discharge
of
PACs
Eight
California
refineries,
listed
in
Table
1,
reported
discharges
of
"
Polynuclear
Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
per
Method
610."
Method
610
is
a
wastewater
analytical
method
for
16
compounds,
eight
of
which
are
included
on
the
TRI
list
of
PACs.
Polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbon
discharge
concentrations
were
reported
above
method
detection
limits
y
only
two
of
the
eight
refineries.
In
addition,
American
Western
Refining,
Lawrenceville
IL
(
NPDES
IL0004219),
is
required
to
report
poly­
nuclear
aromatics
(
polyram),
but
did
not
detect
it
in
2000.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
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3
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Table
1
California
Refineries
Reporting
Polynuclear
Aromatic
Hydrocarbon
Discharges
NPDES
ID
Name,
City
PAHs,
lb/
yr
CA0000051
Conoco,
Arroyo
Grande
0
CA0004961
Tesoro
Refining
&
Marketing
Co,
Martinez
0.13
CA0005053
Tosco
Refining
Company­
sfar,
Rodeo
0
CA0005134
Chevron
Products
Company,
Richmond
1.5
CA0005789
Shell
Oil
Products
Us,
Martinez
0
CA0055387
Mobil
Oil
Corp,
Torrance
0
CA0057177
Cenco
Refining
Company,
Santa
Fe
Springs
0
From:
PCSLoads2000_
Ver2
The
facilities
listed
in
Table
2
are
required
to
monitor
for
the
indicated
PACs.

However,
no
discharge
concentrations
above
method
detection
limits
were
reported
in
2000.

Table
2
PACs
Reported
in
PCS
2000.
None
detected.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Benzo(
a)
pyrene






Dibenzo(
a,
h)
anthracene



Benzo(
b)
fluoranthene





Benzo(
a)
anthracene





Benzo(
k)
fluoranthene






Benzo(
a)
phenanthrene
(
chrysene)






Indeno(
1,2,3­
cd)
pyrene



Benzo(
j,
k)
fluorene
(
fluoranthene)







Table
2
(
Continued)
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
4
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1.
CA0005134:
Chevron,
Richmond,
CA
2.
CA0005550:
Valero
Refining,
Benecia,
CA
3.
NJ0001511:
Bayway
Refinery,
Linden,
NJ
4.
TX0009148:
Conoco
Phillips,
Borger,
TX
5.
TX0062677:
Lower
Neches
Valley
Authority,
Beaumont,
TX
6.
WI0003085:
Murphy
Oil,
Superior,
WI
7.
CA0000051:
Conoco
Phillips,
Aroyo
Grande,
CA
8.
CA0055387:
Mobil
Oil,
Torrance,
CA
From:
PCS
Loads20000_
ver2
3.
RSEI/
TRI
Data
Of
the
183
refineries
that
reported
release
of
toxic
chemicals
to
POTWs
or
surface
water
in
2000,
19
reported
releases
of
PACs,
as
listed
in
Table
3,
below.

Table
3
Petroleum
Refineries
Reporting
Releases
of
PACs
RSEI/
TRI
2000
TRI
ID
Facility
City
State
Direct
(
lb/
yr)
Indirect
(
lb/
yr)

77592TXSCTLOOP1
Valero
Refining
Co.
Texas
Texas
City
TX
64
94572NCLSNOLDHI
Tosco
San
Francisco
Refinery
Rodeo
CA
57
70037LLNCRHIGHW
Tosco
Refining
Co.
Alliance
Refinery
Belle
Chasse
LA
40
96707CHVRN91480
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Hawaii
Refinery
Kapolei
HI
20
99611TSRLSMILE2
Tesoro
Alaska
Co.
Kenai
Refinery
Kenai
AK
19
39567CHVRNPOBOX
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Pascagoula
Refinery
Pascagoula
MS
17
62454MRTHNMARAT
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
LLC
I
Robinson
IL
15
62084SHLLLRTE11
Tosco
Wood
River
Refinery
Roxana
IL
10
74603CNCPN1000S
Conoco
Inc.
Ponca
City
Refinery
Ponca
City
OK
9
84116CHVRN2351N
Chevron
Usa
Prods.
Co
Salt
Lake
City
UT
8
16344PNNZL2MAIN
Calumet
Lubricants
Co.
Rouseville
Plant
Rouseville
PA
5
80022CNCDN5801B
Conoco
Denver
Refinery
Commerce
City
CO
5
70047TRNSM14902
Orion
Refining
Corp.
New
Sarpy
LA
4
90744TXCRF2101E
Equilon
Enterprises
LLC
Los
Angeles
Wilmington
CA
2
16
Table
3
(
Continued)
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
5
TRI
ID
Facility
City
State
Direct
(
lb/
yr)
Indirect
(
lb/
yr)

2
Ibid.

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Refining
00851HSSLVLIMET
Hovensa
L.
L.
C.
Christiansted
VI
2
77017LYNDL12000
Lyondell­
Citgo
Refining
L.
P.
Houston
TX
2380
77506CRWNC111RE
Crown
Central
Petroleum
Corp.
Houston
Refinery
Pasadena
TX
97
48217MRTHN1300S
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
L.
L.
C.
Detroit
MI
81
79905CHVRN6501T
Chevron
Usa
El
Paso
Refinery
El
Paso
TX
56
From:
TRIReleases
2000
Refineries
that
reported
PAC
releases
do
not
appear
to
be
clustered
by
state,

region,
or
company.
It
is
unclear
why
19
refineries
reported
releases
of
PACs
while
most
refineries
did
not.

U.
S.
Department
of
Energy,
Energy
Information
Administration
(
EIA)
collects
information
about
capacity
of
the
U.
S.
petroleum
refining
industry.
The
Petroleum
Supply
Annual
2002
tabulates
the
capacity
operable
petroleum
refineries
by
processing
capabilities
(
Table
38)
and
by
downstream
capacity
(
Table
39).
Further
review
is
required
to
determine
if
these
processes
are
possible
sources
of
wastewater
PAC
releases.

4.
Sources
of
PACs
at
Refineries
EPA's
PAC
reporting
guidance2
describes
possible
sources
of
PACs:

EPCRA
Section
313
PACs
may
be
generated
from
the
production
of
synthetic
fuels
from
coal,
petroleum,
and
other
feedstocks
as
well
as
the
manufacture
of
products
other
than
fuels
from
coal
and
petroleum
feedstocks.
By­
products
of...
petroleum
refining,
such
as
heavy
oils,
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
6
3
Report
on
Carcinogens,
Tenth
Edition;
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Public
Health
Service,
National
Toxicology
Program,
December
2002.

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crude
tars...
and
residues
are
likely
to
contain
significant
quantities
of
PACs.

EPA
notes
that
petroleum
products,
such
as
crude
oil,
fuel
oil,
diesel
fuel,
gasoline,
and
paving
asphalt
(
bituminous
concrete),
are
likely
to
contain
PACs.

The
NIH
Report
on
Carcinogens3
presents
information
on
15
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons,
all
of
which
are
included
in
EPA's
list
of
21
PACs.
The
report
notes
that
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
form
as
the
result
of
incomplete
combustion
of
organic
compounds.
Most
are
found
in
gasoline
exhaust
and
cigarette
smoke.
In
addition,
the
report
identifies
the
following
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
related
to
petroleum
refinery
operations
and
products:

Table
4
PACs
Related
to
Petroleum
Refinery
Operations
Compound
Sources
benzo(
k)
fluoranthene
lubricating
oils,
crude
oils
dibenz(
a,
j)
acridine
petroleum
refinery
incinerator
effluents
dibenz(
a,
e)
pyrene
fossil
fuels
dibenz(
a,
l)
pyrene
fossil
fuels
indeno(
1,2,3­
cd)
pyrene
petroleum
asphalt
5­
methylchrysene
crude
oil
From:
Report
on
Carcinogens,
Tenth
Edition;
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Public
Health
Service,
National
Toxicology
Program,
December
2002.

Further
literature
review
is
required
to
identify
and
locate
primary
references
providing
concentrations
of
specific
PACs
in
refinery
raw
materials,
intermediates,
and
products.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
7
4
Development
Document
for
Effluent
Limitations
Guidelines,
New
Source
Performance
Standards,
and
Pretreatment
Standards
for
the
Petroleum
Refining
Point
Source
Category,
October
1982.
Docket
Section
3.6,
DCN00401.

5
The
Incidence
And
Severity
Of
Sediment
Contamination
In
Surface
Waters
Of
The
United
States,
Volume
3:
National
Sediment
Containment
Point
Source
Inventory,
EPA
823­
R­
97­
008,
September,
1997.

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5.
EPA's
1982
Petroleum
Refining
Development
Document
In
the
late
1970s,
EPA
conducted
a
sampling
program
in
support
of
its
development
of
effluent
limitations
for
the
petroleum
refining
point
source
category.
Results
of
analysis
of
samples
of
final
effluent
collected
from
17
refineries
during
the
screening
program
are
summarized
in
Table
V­
27
of
the
1982
Development
Document4.
Table
5
presents
EPA's
sampling
results
for
PACs.

Table
5
Pacs
Detected
in
Refinery
Effluent
During
EPA
1970s
Sampling
Program
Parameter
Times
Detected
(
Samples
Analyzed)
Maxium
Concentration
(
ug/
L)

benzo(
j,
k)
fluorene
(
fluoranthene)
0
(
22)
­

benso(
a)
pyrene
2
(
22)
3
benzo(
a)
phenanthrene
(
chrysene)
3
(
22)
1
indeno
(
1,2,3­
cd)
pyrene
0
(
22)
­

From:
Development
Document
for
Effluent
Limitations
Guidelines,
New
Source
Performance
Standards,
and
Pretreatment
Standards
for
the
Petroleum
Refining
Point
Source
Category,
October
1982.
Table
V­
27
6.
Sediment
Survey
In
its
1997
analysis
of
1993
TRI
and
PCS
data,
EPA
found
that
the
petroleum
refining
industry
ranked
third
of
industrial
categories
in
its
potential
hazard
to
sediment
quality5.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
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8
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Of
the
chemicals
reported
released
by
the
petroleum
refining
industry
in
1993,
benzo(
a)
pyrene
ranked
highest
in
total
hazard
release
score.

7.
Conclusions
about
PACs
EPA
reached
the
following
conclusions
from
review
of
readily
available
information
characterizing
petroleum
refinery
PAC
releases:


PACs
are
associated
with
refinery
raw
materials
and
products
and
are
thus
highly
likely
to
be
present
in
wastewater
releases.


More
data
characterizing
which
PACs
are
present
in
refinery
wastestreams
is
necessary
to
determine
the
most
appropriate
toxic
weighting
factor
(
TWF)
for
the
TRI­
reported
releases
of
this
pollutant
category.
Use
of
the
TWF
for
benzo(
a)
pyrene
is
likely
to
provide
a
worst­
case­
scenario,
in
terms
of
potential
hazard.


Further
review
is
required
to
determine
if
PACs
are
discharged
by
all
refineries,
and
if
so,
why
most
refineries
did
not
include
wastewater
releases
of
PACs
in
their
2000
TRI
report.

Dioxins
1.
TRI
Reporting
Requirements
Polychlorinated
dibenzo­
p­
dioxins
(
CDDs)
and
polychlorinated
dibenzofurans
(
CDFs)
constitute
a
group
of
persistent,
bioaccumulative,
toxic
(
PBT)
chemicals
that
are
termed
`
dioxin­
like.'
Dioxin
and
dioxin­
like
compounds
are
not
manufactured,
but
are
generated
as
biproducts
of
certain
chemical
and
combustion
processes.
Similar
to
requirements
for
reporting
PACs,
facilities
with
10
or
more
employees
in
specified
SIC
codes
(
including
2911
Petroleum
Refining)
that
manufacture,
process
or
otherwise
use
more
than
0.1
grams
of
dioxin­
like
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
9
6
EPA
Emergency
Planning
and
Community
Right­
to­
Know
Act
­
Section
313:
Guidance
for
Reporting
Toxic
Chemicals
within
the
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Category.
EPA
745­
B­
00­
041,
December
2000.

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compounds
must
report
the
releases
of
these
compounds
to
EPA.
Facilities
must
report
the
combined
mass
of
dioxin­
like
compounds
released.

EPA
guidance6
identifies
the
17
chemicals
included
in
the
dioxin
category.
See
Attachment
2.
EPA's
dioxin
reporting
guidance
states:

While
individual
reporting
of
each
member
of
the
dioxin
and
dioxinlike
compounds
category...
is
not
required,
the
Form
R
does
contain
a
section
for
reporting
the
distribution
of
dioxin
and
each
dioxin­
like
compound
for
the
total
quantity
that
the
facility
is
reporting.
This
distribution
must
be
reported
if
the
information
is
available
from
the
data
used
to
calculate
thresholds,
releases,
and
other
waste
management
quantities.

Although
EAD
has
TWFs
for
each
of
the
17
dioxin
congeners,
in
its
initial
analysis,
when
calculating
the
toxic
weighted
pound
equivalents
of
RSEI/
TRI
reported
dioxin
and
dioxin­
like
compounds
EPA
used
a
toxic
weighting
factor
representing
the
median
of
the
available
dioxin
TWFs
(
see
Docket
Section
2.1.1,
DCN
00100
"
Toxic
Equivalency
Factors
for
Dioxins").

2.
PCS
Reporting
Four
petroleum
refineries,
listed
in
Table
6,
are
required
to
monitor
their
effluent
for
2,3,7,8­
TCDD.
Only
one
of
them
detected
this
compound
in
its
effluent
in
2000.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
10
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Table
6
Petroleum
Refineries
Reporting
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
Discharge
NPDES
ID
Name
City,
State
Miligrams/
Year
TWPE/
yr
AL0055859
Shell
Oil
Mobile
Site
Saraland,
AL
0
0
CA0057177
Cenco
Refining
Santa
Fe
Springs,
CA
0
0
CA0004961
Tesoro
Refining
Martinez,
CA
0.664
617.24
WI0003085
Murphy
Oil
USA
Inc
Superior,
WI
0
0
From
PCS
Loads
2000_
ver2
3.
RSEI/
TRI
Data
Of
the
183
refineries
that
reported
release
of
toxic
chemicals
to
POTWs
or
surface
water
in
2000,
17
reported
releases
of
dioxins
or
dioxin­
like
compounds.
None
of
the
three
refineries
that
reported
discharges
of
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
in
PCS
2000
reported
dioxin
releases
in
TRI,

possibly
because
they
didn't
meet
the
reporting
threshold.

Table
7
Petroleum
Refineries
Reporting
Releases
of
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
RSEI/
TRI
2000
Name
City,
State
Grams/
Year
Tesoro
Northwest
Co.
Anacortes,
WA
5.199947
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
LLC
Texas
City,
TX
1.99998
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Richmond
Refinery
Richmond,
CA
0.339997
Chevron
USA
Prods.
Co.
El
Segundo,
CA
0.329997
Bp
Oil
Co.
Toledo
Refinery
Oregon,
OH
0.285997
Bayway
Refining
Co.
Linden,
NJ
0.253997
Conoco
Inc.
Ponca
City
Refinery
Ponca
City,
OK
0.180878
Table
7
(
Continued)
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
11
Name
City,
State
Grams/
Year
7
Exposure
and
Human
Health
Reassessment
of
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
and
Related
Compounds.
Draft
Final
Report.
EPA/
ORD.
EPA/
600/
P­
00/
001Bb.
September
2000.

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Conoco
Inc.
Billings
Refinery
Billings,
MT
0.161558
Valero
Refining
Co.
N.
J
Paulsboro,
NJ
0.089999
Hovensa
LLC
VI
0.069341
Conoco
Denver
Refinery
Denver,
CO
0.059999
Chevron
Prods.
Co.
Pascagoula
Refinery
Pascagoula,
MS
0.035
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
LLC
Robinson,
IL
0.03
Chevron
Phillips
Chemical
Puerto
Rico
PR
0.00218
Citgo
Petroleum
Corp.
Lake
Charles,
LA
0.0016
Marathon
Ashland
Petroleum
LLC
Detroit,
MI
8.061218a
Chevron
USA
El
Paso
Refinery
El
Paso,
TX
0.109999a
Source:
TRI
Releases
2000
a
Released
to
POTW.
Mass
discharge
to
receiving
stream
calculated
by
RSEI.

4.
Sources
of
Dioxins
at
Refineries
The
EPA
Draft
dioxin
reassessment7
describes
regeneration
of
spent
catalyst
from
the
reforming
process
as
a
potential
source
of
dioxins.
"
Reforming"
converts
lower
octane
reformates
into
high­
octane
reformates
which
are
used
in
high­
octane
gasoline
blends
and
jet
fuel.

During
the
reforming
process,
platinum
or
platinum/
rhenium
catalyst
becomes
coated
with
coke,
a
complex
mixture
of
aromatic
compounds.
Catalyst
is
burned
to
remove
the
coke
deposits,
then
regenerated
at
high
temperatures
using
chlorine
or
chlorinated
compounds
such
as
methylene
chloride.
It
is
hypothesized
that
dioxins
are
generated
during
burning
(
along
with
other
combustion
products).
Use
of
wet
scrubbers
to
clean
flue
gasses
may
then
result
in
dioxin
contamination
of
refinery
wastewaters.
Memorandum
10
December
2003
Page
12
8
Preliminary
Data
Summary
for
the
Petroleum
Refining
Category,
April
1996.
Docket
Section
3.6,
DCN
00402.

9
Best
Available
Technology
Options
for
the
Ontario
Petroleum
Refining
Sector,
Ontario
Ministry
of
the
Environment,
Municipal/
Industrial
Strategy
for
Abatement
(
MISA)
Program,
ISBN
0­
7729­
9778­
0.
July
1,
1992.
Docket
Section
3.6,
DCN
00398.

10
Personal
Communication,
Nancy
Kmet,
Washington
(
State)
Department
of
Ecology,
November
18,
2003.
Docket
Section
3.6,
DCN
00532.

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Almost
80
percent
of
operating
refineries
included
in
the
EIA
Petroleum
Supply
Annual
had
catalytic
reforming
capacity,
but
only
14
percent
of
these
refineries
reported
dioxin
releases
to
POTWs
or
surface
waters.
All
of
the
refineries
that
reported
dioxin
releases
had
catalytic
reforming.

Several
studies,
by
EPA8
and
others9,10,
have
detected
dioxins
(
including
2,3,7,8­

TCDD)
in
untreated
refinery
wastewaters.
However,
EPA
did
not
detect
dioxins
in
the
full
refinery
effluent.

5.
Conclusions
about
Dioxins
EPA
reached
the
following
conclusions
from
review
of
readily
available
information
characterizing
petroleum
refinery
dioxin
releases:


Dioxins
have
been
detected
in
wastewaters
associated
with
at
least
one
refinery
process
(
regeneration
of
catalytic
reforming
catalyst),
and
thus
may
be
present
in
some
refinery
wastewaters.


Distributions
of
dioxin
congeners
reported
on
Form
R
could
be
used
with
EAD's
TWFs
for
the
17
dioxin
congeners
to
weight
the
toxicity
of
the
RSEI/
TRI­
reported
dioxin
releases.
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Attachment
1:
Chemicals
Included
in
the
EPCRA
Section
313
PAC
Category
Chemical
Namea
CAS
Number
Sourcesb
Benzo(
a)
anthracene
56­
55­
3
Product
of
incomplete
combustion
(
PIC);
fossil
fuels
(
FF)

Benzo(
a)
phenanthrene
(
chrysene)
218­
01­
9
PIC;
FF;
coke
plant
exhaust
Benzo(
a)
pyrene
50­
32­
8
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar;
municipal
incinerator
emissions
Benzo(
b)
fluoranthene
205­
99­
2
PIC;
FF
Benzo(
j)
fluoranthene
205­
82­
3
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
Benzo(
k)
fluoranthene
207­
08­
9
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
Benzo(
j,
k)
fluorene
(
fluoranthene)
206­
44­
0
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
Benzo(
r,
s,
t)
pentaphene
189­
55­
9
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
Dibenz(
a,
h)
acridine
226­
36­
8
PIC
(
particularly
coal
burning
processes)

Dibenz(
a,
j)
acridine
224­
42­
0
PIC
(
particularly
coal
burning
processes)

Dibenzo(
a,
h)
anthracene
53­
70­
3
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar;
gasoline
engine
exhaust
tar
Dibenzo(
a,
e)
fluoranthene
5385­
75­
1
PIC
Dibenzo(
a,
e)
pyrene
192­
65­
4
PIC;
FF
Dibenzo(
a,
h)
pyrene
189­
64­
0
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
Dibenzo(
a,
l)
pyrene
191­
30­
0
PIC;
coal
gasification
7H­
Dibenzo(
e,
g)
carbazole
194­
59­
2
Coal
burning
processes;
coal
tar
and
coal
distillates
7,12­
Dimethylbenz(
a)
anthracene
57­
97­
6
Produced
in
small
quantities
as
a
research
chemical,
not
formed
during
combustion
Indeno(
1,2,3­
cd)
pyrene
193­
39­
5
PIC;
FF;
coal
tar
3­
Methylcholanthrene
56­
49­
5
Produced
in
small
quantities
as
a
research
chemical,
not
formed
during
combustion
5­
Methylchrysene
3697­
24­
3
PIC
1­
Nitropyrene
5522­
43­
0
Diesel
and
gasoline
engines;
coal
fired
energy
conversion
plants;
aluminum
smelter
stack
gases
a
In
addition
to
the
PAC
chemical
category,
the
list
of
EPCRA
Section
313
chemicals
includes
benzo(
g,
h,
i)
perylene
(
a
polycyclic
aromatic
compound).
The
reporting
threshold
for
the
PAC
category
is
100
lb/
yr
and
the
reporting
threshold
for
benzo(
g,
h,
i)
perylene
is
10
lb/
yr.

b
Reference:
Aronson,
D.,
and
Howard,
P.
H.
Sources
of
Individual
PAHs
Listed
in
the
PBT
Chemical
Pool.
January
2000.
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Attachment
2:
Members
of
the
EPCRA
Section
313
Dioxin
and
Dioxin­
Like
Compounds
Category
CAS
No.
Chemical
Name
Abbreviated
Name
#
Labela
CDDs
1746­
01­
6
2,3,7,8­
tetrachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
2,3,7,8­
TCDD
17
40321­
76­
4
1,2,3,7,8­
pentachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,7,8­
PeCDD
15
39227­
28­
6
1,2,3,4,7,8­
hexachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDD
7
57653­
85­
7
1,2,3,6,7,8­
hexachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDD
8
19408­
74­
3
1,2,3,7,8,9­
hexachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDD
9
35822­
46­
9
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
heptachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDD
10
3268­
87­
9
1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9­
octachlorodibenzo­
p­
dioxin
1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9­
OCDD
12
CDFs
51207­
31­
9
2,3,7,8­
tetrachlorodibenzofuran
2,3,7,8­
TCDF
16
57117­
41­
6
1,2,3,7,8­
pentachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,7,8­
PeCDF
13
57117­
31­
4
2,3,4,7,8­
pentachlorodibenzofuran
2,3,4,7,8­
PeCDF
14
70648­
26­
9
1,2,3,4,7,8­
hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,7,8­
HxCDF
3
57117­
44­
9
1,2,3,6,7,8­
hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,6,7,8­
HxCDF
4
72918­
21­
9
1,2,3,7,8,9­
hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,7,8,9­
HxCDF
5
60851­
34­
5
2,3,4,6,7,8­
hexachlorodibenzofuran
2,3,4,6,7,8­
HxCDF
6
67562­
39­
4
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
heptachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,6,7,8­
HpCDF
1
55673­
89­
7
1,2,3,4,7,8,9­
heptachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,7,8,9­
HpCDF
2
39001­
02­
0
1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9­
octachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9­
OCDF
11
aFor
filling
out
the
distribution
of
each
member
of
the
category
in
Section
1.4
of
the
Form
R.
