  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 

Clean Watersheds Needs Survey

Office of Wastewater Management

EPA ICR Number 0318.11

OMB CONTROL NUMBER 2040-0050

September 24, 2007

SUPPORTING STATEMENT

A.	JUSTIFICATION				

Section 1   Identification of the Information Collection

TITLE:  Clean Watersheds Needs Survey (CWNS) (Renewal) 

ICR NUMBER:  0318.11

OMB Control Number:    2040-0050

ABSTRACT:				

The Clean Watersheds Needs Survey (CWNS) is required by Clean Water Act
(CWA) Sections 205(a) and 516.  It is a periodic inventory of existing
and proposed publicly owned wastewater treatment works (POTWs) and other
water pollution control facilities in the United States, as well as an
estimate of how many POTWs need to be built.  The CWNS is a voluntary,
joint effort of EPA and the States.  The Survey records cost and
technical data associated with POTWs and other water pollution control
facilities, existing and proposed, in the United States.  The State
respondents who provide this information to EPA are State agencies
responsible for environmental pollution control.  No confidential
information is used, nor is sensitive information protected from release
under the Public Information Act.  EPA achieves national consistency in
the final results through the application of uniform guidelines and
validation techniques.

Section 2    Need for and Use of the Collection

Need for the Collection:

EPA provides an estimate of POTWs construction requirements for each
State, Territory, and the District of Columbia to Congress under CWA
Section 516, which says in part:  “The Administrator in cooperation
with the States, including water pollution control agencies and other
water pollution control planning agencies, shall make (a) a detailed
estimate of the cost of carrying out the provisions of this Act; (b) a
detailed estimate, biennially revised, of the cost of construction of
all needed POTWs in each of the States.”

Further, CWA Section 604(a) states the Clean Water State Revolving Funds
shall be allocated in accordance with CWA Section 205. CWA Section 205
provides that allotments shall be made only in accordance with a revised
cost estimate made and submitted to Congress in accordance with CWA
Section 516 and only after such revised cost estimate shall be approved
by law specifically enacted hereafter.

uSE OF THE COLLECTION:

In addition to CWA Section 205 uses of the data for funds allotment,
Congress utilizes the data to assist deliberations on specific
legislation and funding measures related to water pollution control. 
Additional uses of the data include:

Local, state, and other uses of the data for NPDES permit writing, Total
Maximum Daily Load analyses, and other environmental program support

Wastewater treatment technology and environmental measures support
related to EPA’s Sustainable Infrastructure Initiative

Private industry efforts to target technical support for facilities 

Baseline data for EPA, Department of Homeland Security, and other
agencies for use in more specialized reports and for providing program
focus.

At the end of each CWNS, a report is written and published highlighting
the national results of the survey and describing the methodology used
to collect, document, and quality assure all of the State data included
therein.  The Report includes many tables and graphs.  The appendices of
the Report are detailed state-by-state and national summary tables.  The
Report and the detailed graphs and tables are publicly available at  
HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/cwns/"  http://www.epa.gov/cwns/ .  

Section 3  Nonduplication, Consultations, and Other Collection Criteria

Nonduplication:  

EPA avoids duplication of effort in a number of ways.  To begin each new
Survey, EPA provides each State their exact inventory of data from the
preceding survey to update and revise, with EPA updating only the cost
data for inflation.  States also have access to technical and cost data
contained in the CWNS data system from previous Surveys.  This
eliminates the need for States to provide information which has already
been approved and ensures national consistency.  States and EPA Regions
are informed of the data and document update procedures at the CWNS
Kickoff Meeting and via electronic communications. 

The new data entry system for CWNS 2008 is being developed in the EPA
Enterprise Portal to provide many features that avoid duplication of
effort.  The system will provide ability to:

Transfer wastewater discharge permit data from EPA’s Permit Compliance
System and EPA’s Integrated Compliance Information System directly
into the CWNS 2008 data system,

Click on locations in the internet WATERS Lite Viewer mapping tool and
have the location data transferred into the CWNS 2008 data system,  

Incorporate data from EPA’s Impaired Waters and Clean Water State
Revolving Fund Benefits databases,  

Have local communities update their CWNS information, and

Upload and comment upon documents to minimize effort related to data and
document quality assurance reviews (EPA is scanning and posting in the
system documents submitted in prior surveys) 

In addition to system enhancements, required data elements were reduced
between CWNS 2004 and CWNS 2008.  Data quality assurance methods have
also been streamlined to require less respondent time while preserving
data quality assurance.

Public Notice Required Prior to ICR Submission to OMB	

On July 23, 2007, EPA published notice in the Federal Register (72 FR
40148) soliciting comments on this ICR. We received no responses during
the public comment period.  

Consultations

EPA, with input from an advisory CWNS Workgroup composed of State and
EPA Regional representatives, refines the approaches and methodologies
used in each Survey.  The CWNS 2008 Workgroup was established in
September 2005 following an August 2005 invitation to a list of State
environmental department commissioners provided by the Environmental
Council of the States.  Recommendations made by the CWNS 2004 Workgroup
at the end of the 2004 Survey, along with recommendations from EPA’s
2005-2012 CWNS Strategy, framed the input of the CWNS 2008 Workgroup. 
The Workgroup provided input on updating the eligibility criteria, data
collection/submission methodologies, and the data system.  In addition
to CWNS 2008 Workgroup input, EPA also solicited ad hoc input from
EPA’s Local Government Advisory Committee as well as from various
professional associations.  As with past surveys, the updated criteria,
methodologies and data system guidance will be published in a detailed
user manual for State and EPA Regional CWNS Coordinators. 

Effects of Less Frequent Collection 

The Needs Survey was initially conducted every two years.  In 1994, a
survey was mandated for the collection of drinking water infrastructure
needs.  Therefore, after the completion of the CWNS 1992, the CWNS began
being conducted every four years, alternating with the drinking water
survey.  

Each item in the CWNS is necessary to accomplish one or more goals of
the Clean Water Act (CWA).  Failure to update the information could put
EPA, States and Regions in the position of being unable to respond in a
timely and accurate manner to the Report’s CWA mandates.  The CWA and
state revolving fund allotment formula is overdue for reauthorization by
Congress and the needs data submitted by States will play an important
role in determining a fair appropriation of funds.  The Needs Survey
data also play a major part in evaluating costs for regulations such as
stormwater rules and in related reports such as the Water and Wastewater
Infrastructure Gap Analysis Report.  Additionally, the data need regular
updating to support the variety of additional uses described at the end
of Section 2.

General Guidelines

The Survey follows OMB’s general guidelines.

Confidentiality 

No confidential information is used.

Sensitive Questions

The Needs Survey does not ask for information considered sensitive or
which appears to fall within the types of confidential data protected
from release under the Public Information Act.

Section 4  The Respondents and The Information Requested

Respondents/NAICS Codes 

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) information
for the respondents affected by this collection activity are as follows:

	Establishment	Group Number	Industry Number

	Water Pollution Control	924	924110

	Sewage Plants and Systems	221	221320

Information Requested

The types of data that will be collected relate to wastewater
infrastructure and the costs thereof, including publicly-owned
wastewater treatment and conveyance systems that need to be built or
upgraded to control wastewater, stormwater, nonpoint source discharges,
and combined sewer / sanitary sewer overflows.	

Section 5  The Information Collected – Agency Activities, Collection
Methodology, and Information Management

Agency Activities

Every four years, the data are collected, reviewed and summarized over a
two-year time period to give EPA sufficient time to complete review and
verification and to prepare the final report.  The States and Regions
also review the collected data during this time.  Specifically, the
States are responsible for:

Collecting, reviewing and updating the data on municipal wastewater
treatment facilities, stormwater, and non-point source projects,

Submitting proper documentation where necessary,

Justifying certain specified categories of need that are based on
construction cost curves, and

Addressing questions about populations served anomalies.

EPA Headquarters is responsible for:

Managing the Survey and its data base to ensure national consistency,

Setting national documentation standards and identifying data sources,

Reviewing documentation to ensure its acceptability and updating
records,

Assigning proper basis of estimates to all cost estimates and applying
EPA Cost Curve procedures where appropriate,

Reviewing and approving new facility data submitted by the States,

Performing quality assurance checks on needs and population data, 

Deleting needs estimates for facilities that cannot be properly
documented in accordance with the established list of acceptable
criteria, and

Preparing the final Report to Congress and disseminating Survey
information over the internet (  HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/cwns/" 
http://www.epa.gov/cwns/ ).

EPA Regions are responsible for:

Promoting States’ full participation in CWNS,

Assisting States with state-specific data collection / update
methodologies,

Assisting States in addressing States’ submissions evaluated by EPA as
not meeting CWNS criteria, and

Arranging Regional briefings on conduct of the data collection and
results of the survey.

Collection Methodology And Management

EPA consistently has used current technology to complete the Survey.  In
1974, the data were collected on 35-page questionnaires (EPA-1 Form),
manually completed by the States.  This method placed a large burden on
State and EPA regional personnel and resources.  In 1976, the EPA-1 Form
was redesigned and considerably reduced in size and was made computer
compatible.  In 1983, the EPA-1 Form was reviewed and revised to two
pages which were computer compatible.  Subsequent Surveys were conducted
in a similar manner.  The 1986 Survey preprinted information for States
to update on one -page fact sheets which were easier to use than the
computerized EPA-1 Form.  Since 1988, the Needs Survey review and update
process are computerized to further reduce the workload for the States
and Regions in collecting and updating facility data.  

In response to terms of clearance of the current ICR (#0318.10), EPA, in
partnership with States, made several enhancements to the database to
streamline data entry, including reducing data element requirements and
integrating with other EPA datasets.  EPA has also strengthened
procedures to ensure outdated information is removed from the database. 

While reviewing data, EPA reviews supporting documentation submitted by
States to ensure that data entered in the system meets CWNS eligibility
criteria and is consistent with data in the documents.  CWNS eligibility
criteria are:

A description of the water quality impairment and information on the
potential source. The problem description should include specific
pollutant source information. A general statement about water quality
impairment does not meet this criterion.

The location of the problem, included as a latitude/longitude point, in
the case of an nonpoint source (NPS) project, as a polygon (of the
project location and/or the beneficial receiving waters).

One or more specific pollution control measures or BMPs used to address
the problem.

The capital cost to implement each pollution control measure or BMP.
General estimates for the problem area were not permitted; only
site-specific data are acceptable to generate the costs.

The source of the costs (e.g., an engineer’s estimate, facility plan,
cost of comparable practices, estimates from equipment suppliers) for
each solution.

The total capital costs for all pollution control measures and BMPs
documented for a facility (all costs will be converted to January 1,
2008, dollars for CWNS 2008.)

If a facility need was greater than $20 million (January 1, 2008 dollar
base), the documentation date needs to be January 1, 2002, or more
current; for all other facility needs, the documentation date needs to
be January 1, 1998, or more current. For NPS needs the cutoff dates are
January 1, 1998 for needs greater than $20 million and January 1, 1994
for needs less than $20 million.

In addition to these criteria, the CWNS user manual lists a set of
document types that are pre-approved for use in documenting needs and
related costs.  Cost curves are utilized to estimated costs for a small
portion of documented needs that do not have well documented costs.

	

Small Entity Flexibility

Collection of information associated with the Needs Survey does not
involve small businesses.  The primary respondents are the States,
usually the State Water Pollution Control Agency or the Department of
Environmental Protection.  EPA allows States to submit simplified forms
for their data from communities of 10,000 and less.

Collection Schedule

The CWNS 2008 data entry period will be January 22 through October 27,
2008.  Data quality assurance and analysis activities will be performed
November 2008 through February 2009.  The Report will be developed and
submitted to OMB for review in Summer 2009.

Section 6  Estimating The Burden And Cost Of The Collection

Estimating Respondent Costs					

The average cost to States of staff compensation and benefits is
estimated to be $34.72 per hour (Department of Labor, September 2004),
the annual State burden hour estimate of 7,235 hours equates to overall
State costs of $251,202.  The annual wastewater facility burden hour
estimate of 1,572 hours equates to overall wastewater facility costs of
$54,603.   There are no additional costs beyond costs associated with
the above burden hour estimate.

Burden for State Government and Local Facility Participation in Data
Collection

ACTIVITY	State	Local Facilities	State/Local Totals

	LABOR Hours / Respondent    /Year	TOTAL Respondent Hours/Year          
  [56 Respondents / Year]	TOTAL Labor Costs/Yr [at $34.72 /hr.]	LABOR
Hours / Respondent    /Year	TOTAL Respondent Hours/Year            
[4661 Respondents / Year]	TOTAL Labor Costs/Yr [at $34.72 /hr.]	Total
Hours

 	TOTAL  Respondent   Costs /Year

1) Install & Maintain CWNS Software	16	304	$10,545	 	 	 	304	$10,545

 	 	 	 	 	 	 



2) CWNS-related Meetings, Calls & Training	54	1,007	$34,966	 	 	 
1,007	$34,966

 	 	 	 	 	 	 



3) Working with primary data suppliers	80	1,489	$51,689	 	 	 	1,489
$51,689

 	 	 	 	 	 	 



4) Compiling data from data suppliers	74	1,379	$47,888	 	 	 	1,379
$47,888

 	 	 	 	 	 	 



5) Data Entry & Document Submission	123	2,299	$79,814	0.34	1,572	$54,603
3,871	$134,417

 	 	 	 	 	 	 



6) Data Quality Assurance Activities	41	758	$26,300	 	 	 	758	$26,300

Annual Totals	388	7,235	$251,202	0.34	1,572	$54,603	8,808	$305,805

3-Year Totals	 1,163	21,705	$753,607	1.01	4,716	$163,809	26,423
$917,415



Estimated Agency Burden and Costs

The annualized estimate for the total cost to the Federal Government is
$1,052,374; to include $90,000 for CWNS system maintenance at EPA’s
computing facility, $670,000 for contractor support, and $292,374 in EPA
employee compensation and benefits cost.  

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 

ACTIVITY	AGENCY Labor Hrs.    /Year [FTE]	Annual Federal Labor Costs   
[$122K/FTE]	CONTRACT    Costs / Year	EPA Computing

Facility

Costs / Year	TOTAL Agency  Costs/Yr.

Contract Management	0.3	$36,547	$15,000

$51,547

Regional Assistance 	0.35	$6,091	$10,000

$16,091

Plan, Implement, & Manage Survey	0.30	$36,547	$30,000

$66,547

Provide Logistics Support	0.05	$6,091	$20,000

$26,091

Refine Modeling Approaches	0.05	$6,091	$30,000

$36,091

Provide computer support	0.05	$6,091	$250,000	$90,000	$346,091

Provide Technical Support	0.20	$24,365	$40,000

$64,365

Participate in Meetings	0.05	$6,091	$10,000

$16,091

Workgroup Support	0.05	$6,091	$10,000

$16,091

Review, Q/A, and Reconcile Data	0.25	$30,456	$180,000

$210,456

Market and promote CWNS	0.50	$60,911	$15,000

$75,911

Prepare Final Report	0.25	$30,456	$60,000

$90,456

Annual Totals	2.400	$292,374	$670,000	$90,000	$1,052,374

3-Year Totals	7.2	$877,122	$2,010,000	$270,000	$3,157,122



REasons for change in burden

There is an overall increase of 1,136 annual hours in the total
estimated respondent burden compared with that identified in the ICR
approved by OMB for the 2004 Survey under EPA ICR No. 0318.09. Since the
survey was not conducted during the previous 3-year ICR renewal cycle,
the approved burden for currently active EPA ICR No. 0318.10 only covers
infrequent updates, made by States solely for their own State’s
benefit, in the period between the 2004 and 2008 Surveys.

Feedback received from States following the 2004 survey indicated that
the total burden to the 56 respondents was approximately 893 annual
hours greater than the 7,672 annual hours estimated in EPA ICR No.
0318.09.  Additionally, State feedback indicated approximately 1,713
annual burden hours for POTWs to interact with States on State’s
responses to the 2004 Survey.  Finally, there is a projected increase in
the number of facilities for which States submit needs (due to greater
availability of substantiating documentation and needs estimation
techniques) which correlates with an increase of approximately 1,066
annual hours.  Taken together, the 893 additional annual state hours,
the 1,713 POTW annual hours, and the 1,066 annual hours associated with
increased documentation available add to 3,672 annual hours beyond what
was estimated in EPA ICR No. 0318.09.  

To address the increase in total hours due to correcting for prior ICR
under-estimation as well as for the real increases in ICR hours, EPA in
partnership with States made numerous burden reduction enhancements,
described in the Nonduplication part of Section 3, between CWNS 2004 and
CWNS 2008.  Based on feedback from States, these enhancements are
estimated to reduce reporting burden by 2,536 annual hours, bringing the
total increase over the 2004 ICR from 3,672 annual hours down to 1,136
annual hours.

Burden Statement

The annual public reporting and recordkeeping burden for this collection
of information is estimated to average 1.46 hours per response.  Burden
means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by persons
to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide information to or
for a Federal agency.  This includes the time needed to review
instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology and
systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying
information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and
providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any
previously applicable instructions and requirements which have
subsequently changed; train personnel to be able to respond to a
collection of information; search data sources; complete and review the
collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the
information.

To comment on the Agency's need for this information, the accuracy of
the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minimizing
respondent burden, including the use of automated collection techniques,
EPA has established a public docket for this ICR under Docket ID No.
EPA-HQ-OW-2003-0019, which is available for public viewing at the Water
Docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), EPA West, Room 3334, 1301
Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The EPA Docket Center Public
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday,
excluding legal holidays.  The telephone number for the Reading Room is
(202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is (202)
566-2426.  An electronic version of the public docket is available
through http://www.regulations.gov. Use www.regulations.gov to submit or
view public comments, access the index listing of the contents of the
public docket, and to access those documents in the public docket that
are available electronically.  Once in the system, select “search,”
then key in the docket ID number identified above.  Also, you can send
comments to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of
Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20503,
Attention: Desk Officer for EPA.  Please include the EPA Docket ID No.
EPA-HQ-OW-2003-0019 and OMB control number 2040-0050 in any
correspondence.

  PAGE  2 

 PAGE   3 

  PAGE  9 

