NATIONAL
CENTER
FOR
EDUCATION
STATISTICS
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
Office
of
Educational
Research
and
Improvement
NCES
2002
 
130
Digest
of
Education
Statistics
2001
Thomas
D.
Snyder
Project
Director
Charlene
M.
Hoffman
Production
Manager
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
Rod
Paige
Secretary
Office
of
Educational
Research
and
Improvement
Grover
J.
Whitehurst
Assistant
Secretary
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
Gary
W.
Phillips
Deputy
Commissioner
The
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
is
the
primary
federal
entity
for
collecting,
analyzing,
and
reporting
data
related
to
education
in
the
United
States
and
other
nations.
It
fulfills
a
congressional
mandate
to
collect,
collate,
analyze,
and
report
full
and
complete
statistics
on
the
condition
of
education
in
the
United
States;
conduct
and
publish
reports
and
specialized
analyses
of
the
meaning
and
significance
of
such
statistics
assist
state
and
local
education
agencies
in
improving
their
statistical
systems;
and
review
and
report
on
education
activities
in
foreign
countries.

NCES
activities
are
designed
to
address
high
priority
education
data
needs;
provide
consistent,
reliable,
complete,
and
accurate
indicators
of
education
status
and
trends;
and
report
timely,
useful,
and
high
quality
data
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
the
Congress,
the
states,
other
education
policymakers,
practitioners,
data
users,
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the
general
public.

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Education
Statistics
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Educational
Research
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U.
S.
Department
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1990
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Suggested
Citation
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
Digest
of
Education
Statistics,
2001,
NCES
2002
 
130,
by
Thomas
D.
Snyder.
Production
Manager,
Charlene
M.
Hoffman.
Washington,
DC:
2002.

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ordering
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Content
Contact:
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Snyder
(
202)
502
 
7452
iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many
people
have
contributed
in
one
way
or
another
to
the
development
of
the
Digest.
Thomas
D.
Snyder
was
responsible
for
the
overall
development
and
preparation
of
this
edition
of
the
Digest,
which
was
prepared
under
the
general
direction
of
Valena
Plisko.
Charlene
M.
Hoffman
provided
technical
assistance
in
all
phases
of
its
preparation
and
was
responsible
for
chapter
4,
``
Federal
Programs
for
Education
and
Related
Activities,''
and
for
tables
on
degrees
conferred.
William
Sonnenberg
provided
statistical
computing
consultation
on
all
phases
of
the
report.
Celestine
Davis
provided
statistical
assistance
on
a
variety
of
materials.
Debra
Gerald
and
William
Hussar
prepared
projections
of
school
enrollment
and
finance
statistics.
William
Hussar
conducted
a
technical
review.
Marilyn
McMillen,
Chief
Statistician
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES),
conducted
the
adjudication.
A
number
of
individuals
outside
of
NCES
also
expended
time
and
effort
on
the
Digest.
Ben
Young,
Gray
King,
Satoshi
Watanabe,
Stephen
Provasnik,
Charmaine
Llagas,
and
Kathryn
Hoffman
of
the
American
Institutes
for
Research
provided
research
and
statistical
analysis.
Ellen
Harkavy,
Thea
Kruger,
Mary
McLaughlin,
David
Miller,
Michael
Planty,
Jason
Sellers,
and
Molly
Soule
of
the
Education
Statistics
Services
Institute
(
ESSI)
of
the
American
Institutes
for
Research
assisted
with
the
technical
review
of
the
document.
Linda
Darby
in
Media
and
Information
Services
provided
editorial
assistance.
Jerry
Fairbanks
of
ESSI
managed
the
typesetting.
This
year's
edition
of
the
Digest
has
received
extensive
reviews
by
several
other
individuals
within
and
outside
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education.
We
wish
to
thank
them
for
their
time
and
expert
advice.
W.
Vance
Grant
of
the
Office
of
Educational
Research
and
Improvement
and
Rosemary
Clark,
U.
S.
Census
Bureau,
reviewed
the
entire
document.
NCES
staff
who
reviewed
portions
of
the
manuscript
were:
Ilona
Berkovits,
Stephen
Broughman,
Janis
Brown,
Patricia
Brown,
Chris
Chapman,
Steve
Gorman,
Kerry
Gruber,
Frank
Johnson,
Frank
Morgan
Taslima
Rahman,
John
Sietsema,
Jeff
Williams,
and
Beth
Young.
The
Office
of
the
Deputy
Secretary,
Office
of
Intergovernmental
and
Interagency
Affairs,
Office
of
Vocational
and
Adult
Education,
Office
for
Civil
Rights,
and
the
Planning
and
Evaluation
Service
conducted
agency
reviews.
v
Foreword
The
2001
edition
of
the
Digest
of
Education
Statistics
is
the
37th
in
a
series
of
publications
initiated
in
1962.
(
The
Digest
has
been
issued
annually
except
for
combined
editions
for
the
years
1977
 
78,
1983
 
84,
and
1985
 
86.)
Its
primary
purpose
is
to
provide
a
compilation
of
statistical
information
covering
the
broad
field
of
American
education
from
prekindergarten
through
graduate
school.
The
Digest
includes
a
selection
of
data
from
many
sources,
both
government
and
private,
and
draws
especially
on
the
results
of
surveys
and
activities
carried
out
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
To
qualify
for
inclusion
in
the
Digest,
material
must
be
nationwide
in
scope
and
of
current
interest
and
value.
The
publication
contains
information
on
a
variety
of
subjects
in
the
field
of
education
statistics,
including
the
number
of
schools
and
colleges,
teachers,
enrollments,
and
graduates,
in
addition
to
educational
attainment,
finances
federal
funds
for
education,
libraries,
and
international
education.
Supplemental
information
on
population
trends,
attitudes
on
education,
education
characteristics
of
the
labor
force,
government
finances
and
economic
trends
provides
background
for
evaluating
education
data.
Although
the
Digest
contains
important
information
on
federal
education
funding,
more
detailed
information
on
federal
activities
is
available
from
federal
education
program
offices
For
example,
the
Office
of
Bilingual
Education
and
Minority
Languages
Affairs
supports
the
National
Clearinghouse
on
Bilingual
Education,
which
compiles
information
on
students
and
teachers
involved
in
bilingual
education.
The
Digest
contains
seven
chapters:
``
All
Levels
of
Education,''
``
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education,''
``
Postsecondary
Education,''
``
Federal
Programs
for
Education
and
Related
Activities,''
``
Outcomes
of
Education,''
``
International
Comparisons
of
Education
and
``
Libraries
and
Educational
Technology.''
Preceding
these
chapters
is
an
introduction
that
provides
a
brief
overview
of
current
trends
in
American
education,
which
supplements
the
tabular
materials
in
chapters
1
through
7.
The
Digest
concludes
with
an
appendix
that
is
divided
into
several
sections.
For
example,
information
on
the
structure
of
the
statistical
tables
is
contained
in
the
``
Guide
to
Tabular
Presentation.''
The
``
Guide
to
Sources''
provides
a
brief
synopsis
of
the
surveys
used
to
generate
the
tabulations
for
the
Digest.
Also,
a
``
Definitions''
section
is
included
to
help
readers
understand
terms.
In
addition
to
updating
many
of
the
statistics
that
have
appeared
in
previous
years,
this
edition
contains
a
significant
amount
of
new
material,
including:

 
Use
of
various
instructional
approaches
by
kindergarten
teachers,
table
50;

 
Pupil/
teacher
ratio
in
public
schools,
by
level
and
size
of
school,
table
64;

 
Percent
distribution
of
elementary
and
secondary
school
children,
by
average
grades,
table
139.

Beginning
in
2002,
updates
to
some
tables
from
the
Digest
of
Education
Statistics
will
appear
on
the
NCES
Web
Site
prior
to
printing.
The
Digest
and
other
NCES
reports
can
be
accessed
from
http://
nces.
ed.
gov.
In
particular,
updates
of
tables
based
on
the
new
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
will
be
posted
to
the
Digest
Web
Site
in
the
second
quarter
of
2002.

Valena
White
Plisko
Associate
Commissioner,
Early
Childhood,
International,
and
Crosscutting
Studies
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
February
2002
vii
Contents
Page
Foreword
...................................................................................................................................
iii
Acknowledgments
.....................................................................................................................
v
Introduction
...............................................................................................................................
1
Chapter
1.
All
Levels
of
Education
...........................................................................................
5
Chapter
2.
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
...................................................................
41
Chapter
3.
Postsecondary
Education
.......................................................................................
197
Degree­
Granting
................................................................................................................
204
Vocational
and
Adult
Education
........................................................................................
402
Chapter
4.
Federal
Programs
for
Education
and
Related
Activities
........................................
409
Chapter
5.
Outcomes
of
Education
..........................................................................................
443
Chapter
6.
International
Comparisons
of
Education
................................................................
461
Chapter
7.
Libraries
and
Educational
Technology
...................................................................
487
Appendix
Guide
to
Tabular
Presentation
..........................................................................................
501
Guide
to
Sources
..............................................................................................................
503
Definitions
..........................................................................................................................
539
Index
of
Table
Numbers
....................................................................................................
553
viii
CONTENTS
Figures
1.
The
structure
of
education
in
the
United
States
............................................................
7
2.
Enrollment
and
total
expenditures
in
current
and
constant
dollars,
by
level
of
education:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
.................................................................................
8
3.
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
25
years
old
and
over:
1940
to
2000
.............
9
4.
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
25
to
29
years
of
age:
1940
to
2000
..............
9
5.
Highest
level
of
education
attained
by
persons
25
years
and
older:
March
2000
........
10
6.
Items
most
frequently
cited
by
the
public
as
a
major
problem
facing
the
local
public
schools:
1980
to
2001
................................................................................................
10
7.
Preprimary
enrollment
of
3­
to
5­
year­
olds,
by
attendance
status:
October
1970
to
October
2000
..................................................................................
44
8.
Enrollment,
number
of
teachers,
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
and
expenditures
in
public
schools:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
....................................................................................
45
9.
Percentage
change
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment,
by
state:
Fall
1995
to
fall
2000
..................................................................................................
46
10.
Average
annual
salary
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
teachers:
1970
 
71
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................................................
46
11.
Sources
of
revenue
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1970
 
71
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
47
12.
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1970
 
71
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................
47
13.
Enrollment,
degrees
conferred,
and
expenditures
in
degree­
granting
institutions:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................................................
200
14.
Percentage
change
in
total
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
Fall
1990
to
fall
1999
.........................................................................................................
201
15.
Enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
age:
Fall
1970
to
fall
2011
....................
201
16.
Full­
time­
equivalent
students
per
staff
member
in
public
and
private
degree­
granting
institutions:
1976
and
1999
........................................................................................
202
17.
Trends
in
bachelor's
degrees
conferred
in
selected
fields
of
study:
1989
 
90,
1994
 
95,
and
1999
 
2000
..........................................................................
202
18.
Sources
of
current­
fund
revenue
for
public
degree­
granting
institutions:
1996
 
97
......
203
19.
Sources
of
total
revenue
for
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions:
1996
 
97
......................................................................................................................
203
20.
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
agency:
Fiscal
year
2001
..........................
419
21.
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose:
1965
to
2001
..............................................................................................................
420
22.
Department
of
Education
outlays,
by
type
of
recipient:
Fiscal
year
2001
.....................
420
23.
Labor
force
participation
of
persons
20
years
old
and
over,
by
age
and
highest
level
of
education:
2000
......................................................................................................
444
ix
CONTENTS
24.
Unemployment
rates
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
highest
level
of
education:
2000
...........................................................................
445
25.
Labor
force
status
of
1998
 
99
high
school
dropouts
and
graduates
not
enrolled
in
college:
October
2000
................................................................................................
445
26.
Median
annual
income
of
persons
with
income
25
years
old
and
over,
by
highest
degree
attained
and
sex:
1999
..................................................................................
446
27.
Salaries
of
recent
bachelor's
degree
recipients
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field:
1987,
1991,
and
1994
................................................................................................
446
28.
Percent
change
in
enrollment,
by
area
of
the
world
and
level
of
education:
1990
to
1997
..............................................................................................................
463
29.
Public
direct
expenditures
for
education
as
a
percentage
of
the
gross
domestic
product:
Selected
countries,
1998
..............................................................................
464
30.
Bachelor's
degree
recipients
as
a
percentage
of
population
of
the
theoretical
age
of
graduation:
Selected
countries,
1999
.........................................................................
464
31.
Average
mathematics
performance
of
other
countries
compared
with
the
United
States:
1995
...............................................................................................................
465
32.
Average
science
performance
of
other
countries
compared
with
the
United
States:
1995
............................................................................................................................
465
33.
Percent
of
all
public
schools
and
instructional
rooms
having
Internet
access:
Fall
1994
to
fall
2000
.........................................................................................................
488
Tables
1.
All
Levels
of
Education
Enrollment,
Teachers,
and
Schools
1.
Estimated
number
of
participants
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
degree­
granting
institution:
Fall
2001
.........................................................................
11
2.
Enrollment
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1980
to
fall
2005
..................................................................................................
11
3.
Enrollment
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1869
 
70
to
fall
2011
...................................................................................................
12
4.
Teachers
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
and
senior
instructional
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
Fall
1970
to
fall
2011
.............
13
5.
Educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1999
 
2000
.....
14
Enrollment
Rates
6.
Percent
of
the
population
3
to
34
years
old
enrolled
in
school,
by
age:
April
1940
to
October
2000
........................................................................................
15
7.
Percent
of
the
population
3
to
34
years
old
enrolled
in
school,
by
race/
ethnicity,
sex,
and
age:
October
1975
to
October
2000
...................................................................
16
Educational
Attainment
8.
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
age
25
and
over
and
25
to
29,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
sex:
1910
to
2000
....................................................................
17
x
CONTENTS
9.
Highest
level
of
education
attained
by
persons
age
18
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity:
March
2000
.............................................................
18
10.
Number
of
persons
age
18
and
over
who
hold
a
bachelor's
or
higher
degree,
by
field
of
study,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
age:
1996
.................................................
19
11.
Educational
attainment
of
persons
18
years
old
and
over,
by
state:
1990
to
2000
.....
20
12.
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
state
and
race/
ethnicity:
April
1990
...................................................................................................................
21
13.
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
for
the
25
largest
states,
by
sex:
March
2000
....................................................................................................
22
14.
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
for
the
15
largest
metropolitan
areas,
by
sex:
March
2000
....................................................................
22
Population
15.
Estimates
of
resident
population,
by
age
group:
July
1,
1970
to
July
1,
2000
.............
23
16.
Estimates
of
school­
age
resident
population,
by
race
and
sex:
July
1,
1970
to
July
1,
2000
.......................................................................................
23
17.
Estimated
total
and
school­
age
resident
populations,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
.............
24
Characteristics
of
Families
with
Children
18.
Families,
by
family
status
and
presence
of
own
children
under
18:
1970
to
2000
.......
25
19.
Characteristics
of
families
with
own
children
under
18,
by
family
status
and
race/
ethnicity:
2000
....................................................................................................
26
20.
Household
income
and
poverty
rates,
by
state:
1990
and
1997
 
99
.............................
27
21.
Poverty
status
of
persons,
families,
and
children
under
18,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1959
to
1999
..............................................................................................................
28
Opinions
on
Education
22.
Average
grade
that
the
public
would
give
the
schools
in
their
community
and
in
the
nation
at
large:
1974
to
2001
.....................................................................................
29
23.
Items
most
frequently
cited
by
the
general
public
as
a
major
problem
facing
the
local
public
schools:
1970
to
2001
.....................................................................................
29
24.
Public
opinion
on
the
difference
in
education
quality
and
funding
within
states:
1993
and
2001
...........................................................................................................
30
25.
Percent
of
elementary
and
secondary
school
children
whose
parents
are
involved
in
school
activities,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
30
26.
Percent
of
elementary
school
children
whose
parents
are
involved
in
education­
related
activities,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
31
27.
Public's
level
of
confidence
in
various
institutions:
1996
and
1998
..............................
32
xi
CONTENTS
Charitable
Contributions
28.
Percentage
of
households
contributing
to
education
and
other
charitable
organizations
and
average
annual
donation,
by
type
of
charity:
1989,
1991,
1993,
and
1995
......................................................................................
32
Finances
29.
Total
expenditures
of
educational
institutions
related
to
the
gross
domestic
product,
by
level
of
institution:
1929
 
30
to
2000
 
01
...............................................................
33
30.
Total
expenditures
of
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1899
 
1900
to
2000
 
01
..............................................................................................
34
31.
Governmental
expenditures,
by
level
of
government
and
function:
1970
 
71
to
1996
 
97
..................................................................................................
35
32.
Direct
general
expenditures
of
state
and
local
governments
for
all
functions
and
for
education,
by
level
and
state:
1997
 
98
.....................................................................
36
33.
Direct
general
expenditures
per
capita
of
state
and
local
governments
for
all
functions
and
for
education,
by
level
and
state:
1997
 
98
.........................................
37
34.
Gross
domestic
product,
state
and
local
expenditures,
personal
income,
disposable
personal
income,
median
family
income,
and
population:
1929
to
2000
..................
38
35.
Gross
domestic
product
deflator,
Consumer
Price
Index,
education
price
indexes,
and
federal
budget
composite
deflator:
1919
to
2001
...............................................
39
2.
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Enrollment
36.
Historical
summary
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
statistics:
1869
 
70
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
48
37.
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level
and
state:
Fall
1986
to
fall
2000
..................................................................................................
50
38.
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1999
.....................................................................................................................
52
39.
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1998
.....................................................................................................................
54
40.
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade:
Fall
1985
to
fall
1999
..................................................................................................
56
41.
Average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
57
42.
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
state:
Fall
1986
and
fall
1999
...............................................................................................
58
43.
Enrollment
of
3­,
4­,
and
5­
year­
old
children
in
preprimary
programs,
by
level
and
control
of
program
and
by
attendance
status:
October
1965
to
October
2000
.........
59
44.
Percentage
distribution
of
preschool
children
under
6
years
old,
by
type
of
primary
nonparental
care
arrangement,
and
average
hours
in
center­
based
programs,
by
child
and
family
characteristics:
1995
...................................................................
60
45.
Child
care
arrangements
of
preschool
children,
by
age,
race/
ethnicity,
and
household
income:
1991,
1995,
and
1999
..................................................................................
61
xii
CONTENTS
46.
Children
of
prekindergarten
through
second
grade
age,
by
enrollment
status,
maternal
characteristics,
and
household
income:
1991,
1995,
and
1999
.................
62
47.
Participation
of
public
kindergarten
children
in
selected
activities
5
days
a
week,
by
length
and
size
of
class
and
teacher
preparation:
Spring
1993
...........................
62
48.
Children's
mean
reading,
mathematics
and
general
knowledge
performance
in
kindergarten
and
first
grade,
by
child
and
family
characteristics:
Fall
1998,
spring
1999,
fall
1999,
and
spring
2000
...................................................
63
49.
Percentage
of
kindergarten
teachers
indicating
the
importance
of
various
factors
for
kindergarten
readiness,
by
school
type:
Fall
1998
...............................................
64
50.
Percentage
distribution
of
kindergarten
teachers'
time
spent
on
certain
instructional
approaches,
by
program
and
school
type:
Fall
1998
................................................
64
51.
Public
school
pupils
transported
at
public
expense
and
current
expenditures
for
transportation:
1929
 
30
to
1998
 
99
..........................................................................
65
52.
Children
0
to
21
years
old
served
in
federally
supported
programs
for
the
disabled,
by
type
of
disability:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
.............................................................
66
53.
Percentage
distribution
of
disabled
persons
6
to
21
years
old
receiving
education
services
for
the
disabled,
by
age
group
and
educational
environment:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
1998
 
99
...............................................................
67
54.
State
legislation
on
gifted
and
talented
programs
and
number
and
percent
of
students
receiving
services
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1993
 
94
and
1995
 
96
................................................................................
67
55.
Number
of
children
served
under
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
and
Chapter
1
of
the
Education
Consolidation
and
Improvement
Act,
State
Operated
Programs,
by
age
group
and
state:
1990
 
91,
1997
 
98
to
1999
 
2000
.....
68
56.
Enrollment
in
grades
9
to
12
in
public
and
private
schools
compared
with
population
14
to
17
years
of
age:
1889
 
90
to
fall
2000
..............................................................
69
57.
Enrollment
in
foreign
language
courses
compared
with
enrollment
in
grades
9
to
12
in
public
secondary
schools:
Fall
1948
to
fall
1994
...................................................
70
58.
Student
participation
in
school
programs
and
services,
by
control,
level
of
school,
and
type
of
community:
1993
 
94
..................................................................
71
Private
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools
59.
Private
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment,
teachers,
and
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
Fall
1999
.............................................................................
71
60.
Private
elementary
and
secondary
staff
and
student/
staff
ratios,
by
level
and
orientation
of
school:
1993
 
94
...................................................................................
72
61.
Private
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
and
schools,
by
amount
of
tuition,
level,
and
orientation
of
school:
1993
 
94
..................................................................
73
62.
Summary
statistics
on
Catholic
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level:
1919
 
20
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................................................
73
63.
Private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
enrollment,
teachers,
and
high
school
graduates,
by
state:
1991
to
1999
.............................................................................
74
xiii
CONTENTS
Teachers
and
Other
Instructional
Staff
64.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
by
level,
type,
and
enrollment
size
of
school:
Fall
1987
to
fall
1999
.........................................................................
75
65.
Public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
teacher
ratios:
Fall
1955
to
fall
2001
.................................................................
76
66.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
by
level
and
state:
Fall
1995
to
fall
2000
..................................................................................................
77
67.
Teachers,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
teacher
ratios
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1994
to
fall
1999
....................................................................
78
68.
Teachers
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
.............................................................................................
79
69.
Highest
degree
earned,
number
of
years
teaching
experience,
and
average
class
size
for
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1993
 
94
..
80
70.
Selected
characteristics
of
public
school
teachers:
Spring
1961
to
spring
1996
..........
81
71.
Public
secondary
school
teachers,
by
subject
taught:
Spring
1966
to
spring
1996
.....
82
72.
Percent
of
vocational
and
nonvocational
public
school
teachers
of
grades
9
to
12,
by
selected
demographic
and
educational
characteristics:
1993
 
94
........................
82
73.
Teachers'
perceptions
about
serious
problems
in
their
schools,
by
type
and
control
of
school:
1990
 
91
and
1993
 
94
...............................................................................
83
74.
Teachers'
perceptions
about
teaching
and
school
conditions,
by
type
and
control
of
school:
1993
 
94
.........................................................................................................
83
75.
Mobility
of
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
by
selected
school
and
teacher
characteristics:
1987
 
88
to
1994
 
95
.........................................
84
76.
Average
salaries
for
full­
time
teachers
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
.........................................
85
77.
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
school:
1959
 
60
to
2000
 
01
......................................................................................
86
78.
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
.....................................................................
87
79.
Minimum
and
average
teacher
salaries,
by
state:
1990
 
91,
1998
 
98,
and
1999
 
2000
..........................................................................
88
80.
Average
annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1939
 
40
to
2000
 
01
.....................................................................
89
81.
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
average
annual
earnings
of
full­
time
employees
in
all
industries:
1929
 
30
to
2000
 
01
............................................................................
90
82.
Staff
employed
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
systems,
by
functional
area:
1949
 
50
to
fall
1999
.........................................................................................
91
83.
Staff
employed
in
public
school
systems,
by
type
of
assignment
and
state:
Fall
1999
.....................................................................................................................
92
84.
Staff
employed
in
public
school
systems,
by
type
of
assignment
and
state:
Fall
1998
.....................................................................................................................
93
xiv
CONTENTS
85.
Staff
and
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1993
to
fall
1999
..................................................................................................
94
86.
Staff,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
staff
ratios
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1993
to
fall
1999
...................................................................................
95
87.
Principals
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
.............................................................................................
96
88.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
students,
schools,
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
and
finances,
by
type
of
locale:
1998
and
1999
...............................................................
97
Schools
and
School
Districts
89.
Public
school
districts
and
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1869
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
98
90.
Public
school
districts
and
enrollment,
by
size
of
district:
1989
 
90
to
1999
 
2000
.......
98
91.
Number
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
local
education
agencies,
by
state
and
type
of
agency:
1998
 
99
and
1999
 
2000
............................................
99
92.
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates,
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
................................................................................................
100
93.
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
pupils,
by
state:
1997
 
98
...........................................................................................
109
94.
Enrollment,
poverty,
and
federal
funds
for
the
100
largest
school
districts:
1996
 
97,
1997
 
98,
1999,
and
2001
 
02
....................................................................
118
95.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
of
school:
1967
 
68
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
120
96.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
and
size
of
school:
1999
 
2000
....
120
97.
Average
size
and
distribution
of
enrollment
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type:
1982
 
83
to
1999
 
2000
..................................................................
121
98.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
school
students,
by
racial/
ethnic
enrollment
concentration
of
school:
Fall
1994
and
fall
1999
.......................................................
121
99.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
and
state:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
122
100.
Public
elementary
schools,
by
grade
span
and
average
school
size,
by
state:
1999
 
2000
..................................................................................................................
123
101.
Public
secondary
schools,
by
grade
span
and
average
school
size,
by
state:
1999
 
2000
..................................................................................................................
124
102.
Percent
of
public
schools
with
building
deficiencies
and
renovation
plans,
by
level,
enrollment
size,
metropolitan
status,
and
free
lunch
eligibility:
1999
........................
125
High
School
Seniors,
Completions,
and
Dropouts
103.
High
school
graduates
compared
with
population
17
years
of
age,
by
sex
and
control
of
school:
1869
 
70
to
2000
 
01
......................................................................
126
104.
Public
high
school
graduates,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
......................................
127
xv
CONTENTS
105.
High
school
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
state:
1998
 
99
.........................................................................
128
106.
General
Educational
Development
(
GED)
credentials
issued,
and
number
and
age
of
test
takers:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
1971
to
2000
................................
129
107.
Distribution
of
18­
to
29­
year­
olds,
by
high
school
completion
status
and
selected
characteristics:
1998
to
2000
.....................................................................................
129
108.
Percent
of
high
school
dropouts
(
status
dropouts)
among
persons
16
to
24
years
old,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
April
1960
to
October
2000
.............................
130
109.
Percent
of
high
school
dropouts
(
status
dropouts)
among
persons
16
to
24
years
old,
by
income
level,
and
distribution
of
dropouts
by
labor
force
status
and
educational
attainment:
October
1970
to
October
2000
............................................
131
110.
Students
with
disabilities
exiting
the
educational
system,
by
age,
type
of
disability,
and
basis
of
exit:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
1997
 
98
and
1998
 
99
............
132
111.
Postsecondary
education
and
employment
status,
wages
earned,
and
living
arrangements
of
special
education
students
out
of
secondary
school
up
to
3
years,
by
type
of
disability:
1990
............................................................................
132
Educational
Achievement
112.
Average
student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
age
and
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1971
to
1999
...............................................................................................
133
113.
Student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
percentile,
age
and
sex:
1971
to
1999
...................
134
114.
Student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
age,
amount
of
time
spent
on
homework,
and
reading
habits:
1984,
1994,
1996,
and
1999
.............................................................
135
115.
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
reading
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
age:
1971
to
1999
........................................................................
136
116.
Average
proficiency
in
reading
for
4th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics,
and
state:
1994
and
1998
.................................................................
137
117.
Average
proficiency
in
reading
for
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics,
and
state:
1998
.................................................................................
138
118.
Percentage
distribution
of
4th­
graders,
by
time
spent
on
homework
and
television
viewing
each
day:
1992
to
2000
................................................................
139
119.
Average
writing
performance
of
4th­,
8th­,
and
11th­
graders,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1984
to
1996
..................................................................
140
120.
Student
values
and
attitudes
toward
writing,
by
grade
level:
1984
to
1994
.................
141
121.
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
history
proficiency
levels,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
........................................................................
141
122.
Average
student
proficiency
in
geography
and
U.
S.
history,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
........................................................................
142
123.
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
geography
proficiency
levels,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
........................................................................
142
124.
Average
mathematics
proficiency,
by
age
and
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1973
to
1999
...............................................................................................
143
xvi
CONTENTS
125.
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
mathematics
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control
of
school,
and
age:
1978
to
1999
..............................
144
126.
Mathematics
performance
of
17­
year­
olds,
by
highest
mathematics
course
taken,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity:
1978
to
1999
........................................................................
145
127.
Mathematics
proficiency
and
selected
statistics
on
mathematics
education
for
4th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
region
and
state:
1996
and
2000
..........................
146
128.
Mathematics
proficiency
of
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
state:
1990
to
2000
...............................................................................................
147
129.
Length
of
school
year
and
selected
statistics
on
mathematics
education
for
students
in
public
schools,
by
region
and
state:
1998
and
2000
.............................................
148
130.
Average
science
proficiency,
by
age
and
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1970
to
1999
..............................................................................................................
149
131.
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
science
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control
of
school,
and
age:
1977
to
1999
...........................................
150
132.
Average
proficiency
in
science
for
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics
and
state:
1996
..................................................................................
151
133.
Performance
of
8th­
grade
students
in
music,
theatre,
and
visual
arts,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1997
................................................................................
152
134.
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
SAT)
score
averages,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1986
 
87
 
2000
 
01
......................................................................................................
152
135.
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages
for
college­
bound
high
school
seniors,
by
sex:
1966
 
67
to
2000
 
01
......................................................................................
153
136.
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
 
2000
 
01
......................................................................................................
154
137.
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages,
by
state:
1987
 
88
to
2000
 
01
..............
155
138.
American
College
Testing
(
ACT)
score
averages,
by
sex:
1970
to
2001
.....................
156
139.
Distribution
of
elementary
and
secondary
school
children,
by
average
grades,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
157
140.
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
high
school
graduates
in
various
subject
fields,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
...............................
158
141.
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
school
graduates
in
vocational
education
courses,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
....................................
159
142.
Percentage
of
public
high
school
graduates
taking
selected
mathematics
and
science
courses
in
high
school,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
1982
to
1998
................
161
143.
Percent
of
public
high
school
graduates
earning
minimum
credits
in
selected
combinations
of
academic
courses,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
1982
to
1998
..........
161
Student
Activities
and
Behavior
144.
Percentage
of
3­
to
5­
year­
olds
not
yet
enrolled
in
kindergarten,
who
have
participated
in
home
literacy
activities
with
a
family
member,
by
selected
child
and
family
characteristics:
1993
and
1999
....................................
162
xvii
CONTENTS
145.
Percent
of
high
school
seniors
who
say
they
engage
in
various
activities,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
and
1992
..................................................................................
163
146.
Percent
of
high
school
seniors
who
participate
in
selected
school­
sponsored
extracurricular
activities,
by
student
characteristics:
1980
and
1992
........................
163
147.
Percentage
of
students
in
grades
9
through
12
who
reported
experience
with
drugs
and
violence
on
school
property,
by
race/
ethnicity,
grade,
and
sex:
1997
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
164
148.
Percent
of
12­
to
17­
year­
olds
reporting
drug
use
during
the
past
30
days
and
the
past
year:
1982
to
1999
.............................................................................................
164
149.
Percent
of
high
school
seniors
reporting
drug
use,
by
type
of
drug
and
frequency
of
use:
1975
to
2000
..................................................................................................
165
150.
Percent
of
public
schools
reporting
crime
incidents
and
the
seriousness
of
crime
incidents
reported,
by
school
characteristics:
1996
 
97
.............................................
166
State
Regulations
151.
Ages
for
compulsory
school
attendance,
special
education
services
for
students,
policies
for
year­
round
schools
and
kindergarten
programs,
by
state:
1997
and
2000
...........................................................................................................
168
152.
Tenth­
and
twelfth­
graders'
attendance
patterns,
by
selected
student
and
school
characteristics:
1990
and
1992
..................................................................................
169
153.
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
......................
170
154.
States
which
use
criterion­
referenced
assessments
aligned
to
state
standards,
by
level
and
subject
area:
2001
 
02
...........................................................................
175
155.
States
using
minimum­
competency
testing,
by
grade
levels
assessed,
and
expected
uses
of
standards:
1998
 
99
.......................................................................................
176
156.
States
requiring
testing
for
initial
certification
of
teachers,
by
authorization,
year
enacted,
year
effective,
and
test
used:
1990
and
1999
............................................
177
Revenues
and
Expenditures
157.
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
of
funds:
1919
 
20
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
178
158.
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
and
state:
1998
 
99
......................................................................................................................
179
159.
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
and
state:
1997
 
98
......................................................................................................................
180
160.
Funds
and
staff
for
state
education
agencies,
by
source
of
funding
and
state:
1992
 
93
......................................................................................................................
181
161.
Current
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
...................................................................................
182
162.
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1998
 
99
............................................................................................................
184
163.
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1997
 
98
............................................................................................................
186
xviii
CONTENTS
164.
Summary
of
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
purpose:
1919
 
20
to
1998
 
99
..............................................................................
188
165.
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
subfunction:
1990
 
91
to
1998
 
99
..............................................................................
189
166.
Expenditures
for
instruction
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
subfunction
and
state:
1997
 
98
and
1998
 
99
......................................................
190
167.
Total
and
current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1919
 
20
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................................................
191
168.
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1959
 
60
to
1998
 
99
...................................................
192
169.
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
fall
enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
1998
 
99
.....................................................................
194
3
 
A.
Postsecondary
Education:
College
and
University
Education
Enrollment
170.
Enrollment,
staff,
and
degrees
conferred
in
postsecondary
institutions
participating
in
Title
IV
programs,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1997
and
1999
and
1999
 
2000
..........................................................................
204
171.
Historical
summary
of
faculty,
students,
degrees,
and
finances
in
degree­
granting
institutions:
1869
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
...........................................................................
205
172.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1947
to
1999
........................................................
206
173.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1965
to
1999
..............................................................................................................
207
174.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
age:
1970
to
2011
......................................................................................................
208
175.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level,
sex,
age,
and
attendance
status
of
student:
1999
............................................................................
209
176.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
and
age
and
attendance
status
of
student:
1999
.....................................
210
177.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment,
sex,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1999
.............................
211
178.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment,
sex,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1998
.............................
212
179.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
attendance
status,
and
sex
of
student:
1970
to
1999
...............................................
213
180.
Fall
enrollment
and
number
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
affiliation
of
institution:
1980
to
1999
....................................................................
214
181.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
attendance
status,
sex
and
level
of
student:
1997
to
1999
.......................................
216
182.
Total
first­
time
freshmen
enrolled
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1955
to
fall
1999
...........
217
xix
CONTENTS
183.
Total
first­
time
freshmen
enrolled
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
control
of
institution,
and
state:
Fall
1994
to
fall
1999
...........................
218
184.
College
enrollment
rates
of
high
school
graduates,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1960
to
2000
...
219
185.
College
enrollment
rates
of
high
school
graduates,
by
sex:
1960
to
2000
...................
220
186.
Graduation,
college
preparation,
and
college
application
rates
of
high
school
students,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
1993
 
94
..............................................
220
187.
Enrollment
rates
of
18­
to
24­
year­
olds
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1967
to
2000
..................................................................................
221
188.
Total
undergraduate
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
.........
222
189.
Total
graduate
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
.........
223
190.
Total
first­
professional
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
.........
224
191.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
................
225
192.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
......
226
193.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
....
227
194.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
all
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
.................................................................................................
228
195.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
..........................................................................................
229
196.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
..........................................................................................
230
197.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
type
of
institution,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
.........................................................................
231
198.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment
and
state:
1998
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
232
199.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
enrollment,
and
state:
1999
...........................................................................................................
233
200.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
enrollment,
and
state:
1998
...........................................................................................................
234
201.
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
.........................................................................................
235
202.
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
type
of
institution,
and
state:
1997
to
1999
............................................................................
236
203.
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
state:
1980
to
1999
....................................................................................................
237
204.
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
Fall
1999
...................................................................................
238
205.
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions
graduating
from
high
school
in
the
past
12
months,
by
state:
Fall
1998
..................
239
xx
CONTENTS
206.
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
graduating
from
high
school
in
the
past
12
months,
by
state:
Fall
1998
......................................................................................................
240
207.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1976
to
1999
..............................................
241
208.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
study,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1976
to
1999
..............................................................................
242
209.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level,
attendance
status,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1998
and
1999
....................................................
244
210.
Total
number
of
institutions
and
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
percentage
of
minority
enrollment:
1999
...............................................................
245
211.
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity
of
student
and
by
state:
1994
to
1999
...............................................................................................
246
212.
Number
and
percent
of
students
enrolled
in
postsecondary
institutions,
by
disability
status
and
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
...............................................
247
213.
Enrollment
in
postsecondary
education,
by
major
field
of
study,
age,
and
level
of
student:
1995
 
96
........................................................................................................
248
214.
Graduate
enrollment
in
science
and
engineering
programs
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
field
of
study:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
fall
1987
to
fall
1999
...................................................................................................
249
215.
Size
of
enrollment
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
...............................................................................................
250
216.
Enrollment
of
the
120
largest
degree­
granting
college
and
university
campuses:
Fall
1999
.....................................................................................................................
251
217.
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
.........................................................................................................
252
218.
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
women's
colleges,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
..........................................................................................
258
219.
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
..........................................................................................
259
220.
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
tribally
controlled
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1997,
1998,
1999,
1998
 
99
and
1999
 
2000
......................................................
263
221.
Fall
enrollment,
degrees
conferred,
and
expenditures
in
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities
by
institution:
1999,
1999
 
2000,
amd
1998
 
99
.......
264
222.
Selected
statistics
on
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities:
1980,
1990,
1996
 
97,
1999,
and
1999
 
2000
............................................................
266
223.
Fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1976
to
1999
.........................................................
267
Staff
224.
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions
of
hgher
education,
by
primary
occupation,
employment
status,
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1976,
fall
1991,
and
fall
1999
..............................................................................
267
xxi
CONTENTS
225.
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity,
primary
occupation,
employment
status,
sex
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
......................
268
226.
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
primary
occupation,
sex,
employment
status,
and
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
.......................
269
227.
Staff
and
student/
staff
ratios
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
Fall
1999
..............................................................................
270
Faculty
228.
Full­
time
and
part­
time
senior
instructional
faculty
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
employment
status,
control,
and
type
of
institution:
Fall
1970
to
fall
1999
..........
271
229.
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity,
academic
rank,
and
sex:
Fall
1999
............................................................................
271
230.
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
selected
characteristics
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
...............................................................................................
272
231.
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control,
academic
rank,
age,
salary,
race/
ethnicity,
and
sex:
Fall
1998
.............................................................................................................
274
232.
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
faculty
characteristics
and
field:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
......................................
276
233.
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
instruction
activities
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1998
.......................
278
234.
Part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
instruction
activities
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1998
.......................
279
235.
Percentage
distribution
of
full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
program
area,
race/
ethnicity,
and
sex:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
...............................................................................................
280
236.
Average
base
salaries
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
field
of
instruction:
1987
 
88,
1992
 
93,
and
1998
 
99
..............................................................................
281
237.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
control
and
type
of
institution:
1970
 
71,
to
1998
 
99
.................................................
282
238.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1998
 
99
.................................................................................
284
239.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degreegranting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
..........
285
240.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degreegranting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1997
 
98
..........
286
241.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
rank
of
faculty
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
................................................................................................
287
242.
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
rank
of
faculty
and
by
state:
1997
 
98
....................................................................................
288
xxii
CONTENTS
243.
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
with
tenure
for
degree­
granting
institutions
reporting
tenure
status,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81,
to
1998
 
99
................................................................................
289
Institutions
244.
Degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1949
 
50
to
2000
 
01
..................................................................................................
290
245.
Degree­
granting
institutions
and
branches,
by
type,
control
of
institution,
and
state:
2000
 
01
......................................................................................................................
291
246.
Degree­
granting
institutions
that
have
closed
their
doors,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
.................................................................................
292
Degrees
247.
Earned
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1869
 
70
to
2010
 
11
................................................................................
293
248.
Degrees
awarded
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
degree,
and
state:
1999
 
2000
....................................................
294
249.
Degrees
awarded
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
degree,
and
state:
1998
 
99
........................................................
295
250.
Total
bachelor's
and
master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
field
of
study
and
by
state:
1999
 
2000
.................................................................
296
251.
Earned
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
and
1999
 
2000
.......................................
297
252.
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
of
higher
education,
by
field
of
study:
1988
 
89
to
1999
 
2000
...................................................................
298
253.
Associate
degrees
and
other
subbaccalaureate
awards
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
length
of
curriculum,
sex
of
student,
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
...........................................................................................
299
254.
Associate
degrees
and
other
subbaccalaureate
awards
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
length
of
curriculum,
sex
of
student,
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
...............................................................................................
300
255.
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
................................................................................
301
256.
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
................................................................................
302
257.
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
................................................................................
303
258.
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
.......................................................
304
259.
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
...........................................................
312
260.
Degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1969
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
320
261.
Degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution,
level
of
degree,
and
discipline
division:
1999
 
2000
...............................................................
320
xxiii
CONTENTS
262.
Number
of
degree­
granting
institutions
conferring
degrees,
by
level
of
degree
and
discipline
division:
1999
 
2000
....................................................................................
321
263.
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions
in
dentistry,
medicine,
and
law,
by
sex,
and
number
of
institutions
conferring
degrees:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
322
264.
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student,
control
of
institution,
and
field
of
study:
1985
 
86
to
1999
 
2000
.................
323
265.
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
324
266.
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
............
325
267.
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
................
326
268.
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
327
269.
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
............
328
270.
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
................
329
271.
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
330
272.
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
............
331
273.
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
................
332
274.
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
333
275.
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
............
334
276.
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
................
335
277.
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
336
278.
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
............
337
279.
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
................
337
280.
Earned
degrees
in
agriculture
and
natural
resources
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
.............
338
281.
Earned
degrees
in
architecture
and
related
programs
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
.............
338
xxiv
CONTENTS
282.
Earned
degrees
in
the
biological/
life
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1951
 
52
to
1999
 
2000
.............
339
283.
Earned
degrees
in
biology,
microbiology,
and
zoology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
............................................
339
284.
Earned
degrees
in
business
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1955
 
56
to
1999
 
2000
................................
340
285.
Earned
degrees
in
communications
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
................................
340
286.
Earned
degrees
in
computer
and
information
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
.............
341
287.
Earned
degrees
in
education
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
................................
341
288.
Earned
degrees
in
engineering
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
................................
342
289.
Earned
degrees
in
chemical,
civil,
electrical,
and
mechanical
engineering
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
.............
342
290.
Earned
degrees
in
English
language
and
literature/
letters
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
343
291.
Earned
degrees
in
modern
foreign
languages
and
literatures
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
343
292.
Earned
degrees
in
French,
German,
and
Spanish
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
.............
344
293.
Earned
degrees
in
the
health
professions
and
related
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
344
294.
Earned
degrees
in
mathematics
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
................................
345
295.
Earned
degrees
in
the
physical
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1959
 
60
to
1999
 
2000
................................
345
296.
Earned
degrees
in
chemistry,
geology,
and
physics
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
.............
346
297.
Earned
degrees
in
psychology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
by
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
...........................
346
298.
Earned
degrees
in
public
administration
and
services
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
347
299.
Earned
degrees
in
the
social
sciences
and
history
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
347
300.
Earned
degrees
in
economics,
history,
political
science
and
government,
and
sociology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
348
xxv
CONTENTS
301.
Earned
degrees
in
visual
and
performing
arts
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
.............
348
302.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees,
by
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
...
349
303.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
education:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
350
304.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
engineering:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
350
305.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
humanities:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
351
306.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
life
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
351
307.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
physical
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
352
308.
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
social
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
..................................................................................................
352
309.
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
60
large
degree­
granting
institutions:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
353
Outcomes
310.
Percentage
distribution
of
1980
high
school
sophomores,
by
highest
level
of
education
completed
through
1992,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1980
to
1992
..............................................................................................................
354
311.
Mean
number
of
semester
credits
completed
by
bachelor's
degree
recipients,
by
major
and
course
area:
1976,
1984,
and
1992
 
93
..............................................
355
312.
Percent
of
colleges
and
universities
using
various
selection
criteria
for
admission,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................
356
313.
Percent
of
degree­
granting
institutions
offering
remedial
services,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1987
 
88
to
2000
 
01
.................................................................
356
314.
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment
and
completion
status
of
first­
time
postsecondary
students
starting
during
the
1995
 
96
academic
year,
by
type
of
institution
and
other
student
characteristics:
1998
...................................
357
315.
Scores
on
Graduate
Record
Examination
(
GRE)
and
subject
matter
tests:
1965
to
1999
..............................................................................................................
358
Student
Charges
and
Student
Financial
Assistance
316.
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
paid
by
full­
time­
equivalent
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1964
 
65
to
2000
 
01
.............................................
359
317.
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
paid
by
full­
time­
equivalent
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
................................
361
318.
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
percentile
distribution
of
students,
type
and
control
of
institution:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
..........................................................
362
xxvi
CONTENTS
319.
Average
graduate
and
first­
professional
tuition
and
required
fees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1987
 
88
to
1999
 
2000
.....................................
362
320.
Percent
of
undergraduates
receiving
financial
aid,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
and
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
.................................................................
363
321.
Average
amount
of
financial
aid
awarded
in
1995
 
96
per
student,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
and
selected
student
characteristics
....................................................
364
322.
Undergraduates
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
aid
status
and
source
of
aid
during
1995
 
96,
and
control
and
level
of
institution
..................................................
365
323.
Percent
of
undergraduates
receiving
aid,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
received,
and
by
control
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
.........................................
366
324.
Undergraduates
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
federal
aid
program
and
by
control
and
level
of
institution:
1995
 
96
....................................................................
367
325.
Postbaccalaureate
students
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
aid
status,
source
of
aid,
and
by
level
of
study
and
control
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
...............................................................................................
368
326.
Postbaccalaureate
students
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
type
of
aid
and
by
level
of
study,
control,
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
.................
369
327.
Scholarship
and
fellowship
awards
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1959
 
60
to
1996
 
97
............................................................
370
328.
Pell
Grant
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions
compared
to
current­
fund
revenue
and
tuition,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1985
 
86
to
1996
 
97
..........................
371
329.
State
awards
for
need­
based
undergraduate
scholarship
and
grant
programs,
by
state:
1987
 
88
to
1997
 
98
...................................................................................
372
Income
330.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
................................................................................
373
331.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
................................................................................
374
332.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
................................................................................
375
333.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
................................................................................
376
334.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds:
1919
 
20
to
1995
 
96
..................................................................
377
335.
Currrent­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds,
and
by
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
............................................
378
336.
Total
revenue
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
soure
of
funds
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
....................................................
379
337.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
...................................................................................
380
338.
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds
and
state:
1996
 
97
............................................................................................................
381
xxvii
CONTENTS
339.
Appropriations
from
state
and
local
governments
for
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1986
 
87
to
1996
 
97
......................................
382
340.
Current­
fund
revenue
received
from
the
federal
government
by
the
120
degree­
granting
institutions
receiving
the
largest
amounts:
1995
 
96
.......................
383
Expenditures
341.
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
per
student:
1929
 
30
to
1995
 
96
......
384
342.
Expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
....................................................................................................
386
343.
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
expenditures
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
in
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1970
 
71
to
1995
 
96
..................................................................................................
388
344.
Total
expenditures
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
type
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
..........................................
389
345.
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
..............................................................................
390
346.
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
..............................................................................
391
347.
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
..............................................................................
392
348.
Voluntary
support
for
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
and
purpose
of
support:
1959
 
60
to
1998
 
99
..........................................
392
349.
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
public
universities,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
..............................................................................
393
350.
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
4­
year
colleges,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
..............................................................................
394
351.
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
public
2­
year
colleges,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
..............................................................................
395
352.
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
..................................................................................................
396
353.
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
...................................................................................
397
354.
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures
of
private
not­
for­
profit
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
state:
1985
 
86
to
1995
 
96
...........
398
355.
Additions
to
physical
plant
value
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
of
addition
and
control
of
institution:
1969
 
70
to
1996
 
97
...........................
399
356.
Value
of
property
and
liabilities
of
degree­
granting
institutions:
1899
 
1900
to
1995
 
96
..............................................................................................
400
357.
Endowment
funds
of
the
120
colleges
and
universities
with
the
largest
amounts:
1999
and
2000
...........................................................................................................
401
xxviii
CONTENTS
3
 
B.
Postsecondary
Education:
Vocational
and
Adult
Education
Adult
Education
358.
Participation
of
employed
persons,
17
years
old
and
over,
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:
1995
and
1999
...........................................................................................................
402
359.
Participation
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months
by
adults
17
years
old
and
older,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:
1991,
1995,
and
1999
....
404
360.
Participants
in
adult
basic
and
secondary
education
programs,
by
level
of
enrollment
and
state:
Fiscal
years
1980,
1990,
and
1999
.......................
406
Vocational
Education
361.
Nondegree
granting
institutions
offering
postsecondary
education,
by
control
and
state:
1998
 
99,
1999
 
2000,
and
2000
 
01
........................................
407
4.
Federal
Programs
for
Education
and
Related
Activities
362.
Federal
support
and
estimated
federal
tax
expenditures
for
education,
by
category:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
..........................................................................................
421
363.
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
agency:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
...........
422
364.
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
.................................................
423
365.
Estimated
federal
support
for
education,
by
agency
and
type
of
ultimate
recipient:
Fiscal
year
2001
.........................................................................................................
429
366.
Federal
on­
budget
funds
obligated
for
programs
administered
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education:
Fiscal
years
1980
to
2001
.......................................
430
367.
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
outlays,
by
level
of
education
and
type
of
recipient:
Fiscal
years
1980
to
2001
..........................................................................................
432
368.
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
appropriations
for
major
programs,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
year
2000
....................................................................
433
369.
Appropriations
for
Title
I
and
Title
VI,
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
(
ESEA)
of
1994,
by
state
or
other
area
and
type
of
appropriation:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
...........................................................................................
434
370.
Federal
obligations
for
research
and
development
and
R&
D
plant,
by
state
and
selected
agency:
Fiscal
year
1999
.......................................................
435
371.
Federal
science
and
engineering
obligations
to
colleges
and
universities,
by
agency
and
state:
Fiscal
year
1999
......................................................................
436
372.
Summary
of
federal
funds
for
research,
development,
and
R&
D
plant:
Fiscal
years
1993
to
2001
..........................................................................................
437
373.
U.
S.
Department
of
Agriculture
obligations
for
child
nutrition
programs,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
years
1999
and
2000
..................................................
439
374.
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
allocations
for
Head
Start
and
enrollment
in
Head
Start,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
years
1997
to
2000
...........
440
375.
Public
school
students
approved
for
federally
funded
free
or
reduced
price
lunches,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
School
year
1993
 
94
.........................................
441
xxix
CONTENTS
376.
Public
and
private
school
students
receiving
federally
funded
Title
1
services,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
School
year
1993
 
94
..........................
441
5.
Outcomes
of
Education
Educational
Characteristics
of
the
Workforce
377.
Percent
of
18­
to
25­
year­
olds
reporting
drug
use
during
the
past
30
days
and
the
past
year:
1982
to
1999
.............................................................................................
447
378.
Percent
of
1972,
1982,
and
1992
high
school
seniors
who
felt
that
certain
life
values
were
``
very
important,''
by
sex:
1972
to
1994
............................................................
447
379.
Labor
force
participation
of
persons
16
years
old
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
highest
level
of
education:
2000
..................................................
448
380.
Occupation
of
employed
persons
25
to
64
years
old,
by
educational
attainment
and
sex:
2000
....................................................................................................................
448
381.
Unemployment
rate
of
persons
16
years
old
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
highest
degree
attained:
1998,
1999,
and
2000
.................................................
449
382.
Median
annual
income
of
year­
round,
full­
time
workers
25
years
old
and
over,
by
level
of
education
completed
and
sex:
1989
to
1999
...........................................
450
383.
Total
annual
money
income
and
median
income
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
educational
attainment
and
sex:
1999
..................................................................
451
384.
College
enrollment
and
labor
force
status
of
1999
and
2000
high
school
graduates,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
October
1999
and
October
2000
.....................................
452
Recent
High
School
and
College
Graduates
385.
Labor
force
status
of
1979
 
80
to
1999
 
2000
high
school
dropouts,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
October
1980
to
October
2000
........................................
453
386.
Employment
of
12th­
graders,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1992
......................
454
387.
Full­
time
employment
status
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study:
1976
to
1991
...................................................................................
455
388.
Employment
status
of
1992
 
93
bachelor's
degree
recipients
4
years
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study
and
occupational
area:
1997
........................................
456
389.
Enrollment
status
of
1992
 
93
bachelor's
degree
recipients,
by
undergraduate
major
and
highest
degree
obtained:
April
1997
...........................
457
390.
Average
annual
salary
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
employed
full
time
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study:
1976
to
1994
.......................................................
457
391.
Participation
of
young
adults
in
voluntary
or
community
service
activities,
by
selected
characteristics:
1992
to
1994
..................................................................
458
392.
Literacy
skills
of
adults,
16
years
old
and
over,
by
selected
characteristics:
1992
......
459
6.
International
Comparisons
of
Education
393.
School­
age
populations
as
a
percent
of
total
population:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
..............................................................................
466
394.
Percent
of
population
enrolled
in
secondary
and
postsecondary
institutions,
by
age
group:
Selected
countries,
1985,
1990,
and
1999
.........................................
466
xxx
CONTENTS
395.
Estimated
population,
school
enrollment,
and
teachers
in
major
areas
of
the
world:
1980
to
1997
.................................................................
467
396.
Selected
statistics
for
countries
with
populations
over
10
million,
by
continent:
1980,
1990,
and
1997
..........................................................................
468
397.
Pupils
per
teacher
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level
of
education:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
...........................................
470
398.
Geography
proficiency
of
13­
year­
olds
in
educational
systems
participating
in
the
International
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress:
1991
.........................................
470
399.
Average
8th­
grade
mathematics
scores
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
out
of
school,
by
country:
1999
...................................................................
471
400.
Instructional
practices
and
time
spent
teaching
mathematics
in
8th­
grade,
by
country:
1999
.........................................................................................................
472
401.
Average
8th­
grade
science
scores
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
out
of
school,
by
country:
1999
...................................................................
473
402.
Instructional
practices
and
time
spent
teaching
science
in
8th­
grade,
by
country:
1999
.........................................................................................................
474
403.
Average
size
of
8th­
grade
mathematics
classes,
and
frequency
teachers
assign
mathematics
homework,
by
country:
1999
................................................................
475
404.
Eighth­
grade
students'
perceptions
about
mathematics
and
hours
spent
on
leisure
activities,
by
country:
1999
.........................................................................................
476
405.
Average
4th­
grade
mathematics
scores,
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
mathematics
out
of
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
..............................
477
406.
Average
4th­
grade
science
scores,
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
teaching
science
in
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
......................................................
478
407.
Average
mathematics
scores,
at
the
end
of
secondary
school,
by
sex,
and
average
time
spent
studying
mathematics
out
of
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
........
479
408.
Average
science
scores,
at
the
end
of
secondary
school,
by
sex,
and
average
time
spent
studying
science
out
of
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
................
480
409.
Reading
literacy
test
scores
of
9­
year­
olds:
Selected
countries,
1992
.........................
481
410.
Reading
literacy
test
scores
of
14­
year­
olds:
Selected
countries,
1992
.......................
482
411.
Number
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
per
100
persons
of
the
theoretical
age
of
graduation,
by
sex:
Selected
countries,
1989
to
1999
..............................................
483
412.
Percent
of
bachelor's
degrees
awarded
in
science:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
..............................................................................
483
413.
Percent
of
graduate
degrees
awarded
in
science:
Selected
countries,
1985,
1990,
1996,
and
1999
......................................................
484
414.
Public
education
expenditures
per
student,
by
level
of
student:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1998
..............................................................................
484
415.
Total
public
direct
expenditures
on
education
as
a
percentage
of
the
gross
domestic
product:
1985
to
1998
................................................................................................
485
xxxi
CONTENTS
416.
Foreign
students
enrolled
in
institutions
of
higher
education
in
the
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
by
continent,
region,
and
selected
countries
of
origin:
1980
 
81
to
1999
 
2000
..............................................................................................
486
7.
Libraries
and
Educational
Technology
Libraries
417.
Selected
statistics
on
school
library/
media
centers,
by
control
and
level
of
school:
1993
 
94
....................................................................
489
418.
Selected
statistics
on
public
school
library/
media
centers,
by
level
and
enrollment
size
of
school:
1993
 
94
...........................................................................
490
419.
Selected
statistics
on
public
school
library/
media
centers,
by
state:
1993
 
94
.............
491
420.
Percent
of
public
and
private
schools
having
access
to
selected
telecommunication
capabilities,
by
location
of
access
site
and
control
of
school:
1995
and
1998
 
99
....
492
421.
Public
schools
and
school
classrooms
with
access
to
the
Internet,
by
school
charecteristics:
1994
to
2000
.....................................................................
493
422.
General
statistics
of
college
and
university
libraries:
1975
 
76
to
1997
 
98
..................
494
423.
Selected
statistics
on
the
collections,
staff,
and
operating
expenditures
of
60
large
college
and
university
libraries:
1998
.........................................................................
495
424.
General
statistics
of
public
libraries,
by
population
of
legal
service
area:
1998
...........
496
425.
Public
libraries,
books
and
serial
volumes,
library
visits,
and
reference
transactions,
by
state:
Fiscal
year
1998
....................................................................
496
Computers
and
Technology
426.
Percent
of
workers,
18
years
old
and
over,
using
computers
on
the
job,
by
selected
characteristics
and
computer
activities:
October
1993
and
October
1997
...............................................................................
497
427.
Access
to
and
use
of
home
computers,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students
and
other
users:
October
1997
...................................................................
498
428.
Percent
of
home
computer
users
using
specific
applications,
by
selected
characteristics:
October
1997
.....................................................................................
499
429.
Percent
of
student
home
computer
users
using
specific
applications,
by
selected
characteristics:
October
1997
.....................................................................................
499
430.
Student
use
of
computers,
by
level
of
instruction
and
selected
characteristics:
1984
to
1997
..............................................................................................................
500
Guide
to
Sources
Appendix
Tables
A1.
Respondent
counts
for
selected
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys
.............................
534
A2.
Design
effects
(
DEFF)
and
root
design
effects
(
DEFT)
for
selected
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys
and
subsamples
..............................................................................
535
A3.
Respondent
counts
for
the
National
Educational
Longitudinal
Study:
1988,
1990,
and
1992
................................................................................................
535
A4.
Design
effects
(
DEFF)
and
root
design
effects
(
DEFT)
for
selected
National
Educational
Longitudinal
Survey
samples
.................................................................
536
xxxii
CONTENTS
A5.
Respondent
counts
of
full­
time
workers
from
the
Recent
College
Graduate
survey:
1976
to
1991
..............................................................................................................
536
A6.
Estimated
standard
errors
for
enrollment
rates
in
the
October
Current
Population
Survey:
1996
or
1997
.................................................................................................
537
A7.
Estimated
education
attainment
rates
and
standard
errors
in
the
March
Current
Population
Survey
......................................................................................................
537
A8.
Standard
errors
for
the
proportion
of
seniors
who
had
used
drugs
in
the
previous
12
months:
1975
to
1997
...........................................................................................
537
A9.
Sampling
errors
(
95
percent
confidence
level)
for
percentages
estimated
from
the
Gallup
Poll:
1992
and
1993
........................................................................................
538
A10.
Sampling
errors
(
95
percent
confidence
level)
for
the
difference
in
2
percentages
estimated
from
the
Gallup
Poll:
1992
and
1993
........................................................
538
A11.
Maximum
differences
required
for
significance
(
90
percent
confidence
level)
between
sample
subgroups
of
the
``
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher''
survey
.........................................................................................................
538
1
INTRODUCTION
In
the
fall
of
2001,
about
68.5
million
persons
were
enrolled
in
American
schools
and
colleges
(
table
1).
About
4.3
million
were
employed
as
elementary
and
secondary
school
teachers
and
as
college
faculty.
Other
professional,
administrative,
and
support
staff
of
educational
institutions
numbered
4.8
million.
Thus
about
78
million
people
were
involved,
directly
or
indirectly
in
providing
or
receiving
formal
education.
In
a
nation
with
a
population
of
about
281
million,
more
than
1
out
of
every
4
persons
participated
in
formal
education
(
table
17).

Elementary/
Secondary
Enrollment
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
rose
20
percent
between
1985
and
2001.
The
fastest
public
school
growth
occurred
in
the
elementary
grades,
where
enrollment
rose
24
percent
over
the
same
period,
from
27.0
million
to
33.6
million
(
table
2).
Private
school
enrollment
grew
more
slowly
than
public
school
enrollment
over
this
period,
rising
7
percent,
from
5.6
million
in
1985
to
5.9
million
in
2001.
As
a
result,
the
proportion
of
students
enrolled
in
private
schools
declined
slightly,
from
12
percent
in
1985
to
11
percent
in
2001.
Since
the
enrollment
rates
of
kindergarten
and
elementary
school
age
children
have
not
changed
much
in
recent
years,
increases
in
elementary
school
enrollment
have
been
driven
primarily
by
increases
in
the
number
of
children.
Public
secondary
school
enrollments
declined
8
percent
from
1985
to
1990,
but
then
rose
20
percent
from
1990
to
2001,
for
a
net
increase
of
10
percent.
The
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
forecasts
record
levels
of
total
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
for
the
next
several
years
as
the
school­
age
population
crests.
The
fall
2001
public
school
enrollment
marks
a
new
record,
and
new
records
are
expected
every
year
through
the
early
2000s
(
table
3).
Public
elementary
school
enrollments
is
projected
to
decline
slowly
until
the
later
part
of
the
decade
and
then
increase,
so
that
the
fall
2011
projection
is
slightly
lower
than
the
2001
enrollment
In
contrast,
public
secondary
school
enrollment
is
expected
to
increase
3
percent
between
2001
and
2011.
College
Enrollment
College
enrollment
hit
a
record
level
of
14.8
million
in
fall
1999
and
another
record
of
15.3
million
is
expected
for
2001
(
table
3).
College
enrollment
is
expected
to
increase
by
an
additional
16
percent
between
2001
and
2011.
Despite
decreases
in
the
traditional
college­
age
population
during
the
1980s
and
early
1990s,
total
enrollment
increased
because
of
the
high
enrollment
rate
of
older
women
and
recent
high
school
graduates
(
tables
7,
15,
184,
and
185).
Between
1990
and
1999,
the
number
of
full­
time
students
increased
by
12
percent
compared
to
no
increase
in
part­
time
students
(
table
172).

Teachers
An
estimated
3.6
million
elementary
and
secondary
school
teachers
were
engaged
in
classroom
instruction
in
the
fall
of
2001
(
table
4).
This
number
has
risen
in
recent
years,
up
about
29
percent
since
1990.
The
number
of
public
school
teachers
in
2001
was
3.1
million,
and
the
number
of
private
school
teachers
was
about
0.4
million.
The
number
of
public
school
teachers
has
risen
slightly
faster
than
the
number
of
students
over
the
past
10
years,
resulting
in
small
declines
in
the
pupil/
teacher
ratio
(
table
65).
In
the
fall
of
2000,
there
were
an
estimated
16.0
public
school
pupils
per
teacher,
compared
with
17.2
public
school
pupils
per
teacher
10
years
earlier.
Over
the
same
period,
the
pupil/
teacher
ratio
in
private
schools
decreased
from
14.7
to
13.9.
Data
from
the
end
of
the
1990s
suggest
a
continuation
of
the
historical
trend
toward
lower
public
school
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
which
had
been
stable
during
the
late
1980s
and
early
1990s.
The
salaries
of
public
school
teachers,
which
lost
purchasing
power
to
inflation
during
the
1970s,
rose
faster
than
the
inflation
rate
in
the
1980s
(
table
77).
Since
1990
 
91,
salaries
for
teachers
have
generally
maintained
pace
with
inflation.
The
average
salary
for
teachers
in
2000
 
01
was
$
42,898,
about
the
same
in
constant
dollars
as
at
the
beginning
of
the
decade.
2
INTRODUCTION
Faculty
and
Staff
in
Postsecondary
Education
In
the
fall
of
1999,
there
were
1,028,000
faculty
members
in
degree­
granting
institutions
(
table
228).
Making
up
this
figure
were
591,000
full­
time
and
437,000
part­
time
faculty.
In
1998,
full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
generally
taught
more
hours
and
more
students
than
part­
time
instructors,
with
21
percent
of
full­
time
instructors
teaching
15
or
more
hours
per
week
and
13
percent
teaching
150
or
more
students
(
table
233).
About
9
percent
of
part­
time
instructors
taught
15
or
more
hours
per
week,
and
4
percent
taught
150
or
more
students
(
table
234).
White
males
constituted
a
disproportionate
share
of
full­
time
college
faculty
in
1999.
Overall,
about
54
percent
of
full­
time
faculty
were
white
males.
However
this
distribution
varied
substantially
by
rank
of
faculty.
Among
full
professors,
the
proportion
of
white
males
was
71
percent.
The
proportion
was
somewhat
lower
among
the
lower
ranked
faculty,
with
white
males
making
up
40
percent
of
the
lecturers
(
table
229).

Student
Performance
Most
of
the
student
performance
data
in
the
Digest
are
drawn
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
assessments
have
been
conducted
using
three
basic
designs.
The
main
NAEP
reports
current
information
for
the
nation
and
specific
geographic
regions
of
the
country.
It
includes
students
drawn
from
both
public
and
nonpublic
schools
and
reports
results
for
student
achievement
at
grades
4,
8,
and
12.
The
main
NAEP
assessments
follow
the
frameworks
developed
by
the
National
Assessment
Governing
Board,
and
use
the
latest
advances
in
assessment
methodology
Since
1990,
NAEP
assessments
have
also
been
conducted
on
the
state
level.
States
that
choose
to
participate
receive
assessment
results
that
report
on
the
performance
of
students
in
that
state.
In
its
content
the
state
assessment
is
identical
to
the
assessment
conducted
nationally.
However,
because
the
national
NAEP
samples
were
not,
and
are
not
currently
designed
to
support
the
reporting
of
accurate
and
representative
state­
level
results,
separate
representative
samples
of
students
are
selected
for
each
participating
jurisdiction/
state.
NAEP
long­
term
trend
assessments
are
designed
to
give
information
on
the
changes
in
the
basic
achievement
of
America's
youth
since
the
early
1970s.
They
are
administered
nationally
and
report
student
performance
at
ages
9,
13,
and
17
and
in
grades
4,
8,
and
11
in
writing.
Measuring
trends
of
student
achievement
or
change
over
time
requires
the
precise
replication
of
past
procedures.
Therefore,
the
long­
term
trend
instrument
does
not
evolve
based
on
changes
in
curricula
or
in
educational
practices

Reading
Overall
achievement
scores
on
the
long­
term
trend
reading
assessment
for
the
country's
9­,
13­,
and
17­
year­
old
students
are
mixed.
Reading
performance
scores
for
9­
and
13­
year­
olds
were
higher
in
1999
than
they
were
in
1971
(
table
112).
However,
the
1999
scores
were
about
the
same
as
the
1984
scores.
The
reading
performance
of
17­
year­
olds
was
about
the
same
in
1999
as
it
was
in
1971.
Black
9­,
13­,
and
17­
year­
olds
exhibited
higher
reading
performance
in
1999
than
in
1971.
However,
performance
for
all
three
age
groups
in
1984
was
about
the
same
as
in
1999.
The
performance
levels
of
white
9­
and
13­
year­
olds
also
rose
between
1971
and
1999.
Separate
data
for
Hispanics
were
not
gathered
in
1971,
but
changes
between
1975
and
1999
indicate
an
increase
in
performance
among
9­,
13­,
and
17­
year­
olds.
There
was
no
significant
difference
between
the
1984
and
1999
reading
performance
of
9­,
13­,
and
17­
year­
old
Hispanics.

Mathematics
Results
from
assessments
of
mathematics
proficiency
indicate
that
scores
of
9­,
13­,
and
17­
yearold
students
were
higher
in
1999
than
in
1973,
but
have
remained
unchanged
since
1994.
This
pattern
was
similar
for
white,
black,
and
Hispanic
students
(
table
124).
A
2000
voluntary
assessment
of
the
states
found
that
mathematics
proficiency
varied
widely
among
eighth­
graders
in
the
44
participating
jurisdictions
(
39
states,
American
Samoa,
Guam,
Department
of
Defense
overseas
and
domestic
schools,
and
the
District
of
Columbia)
(
table
128).
Overall,
65
percent
of
these
eighth­
grade
students
performed
at
or
above
the
Basic
level
in
mathematics,
and
26
percent
performed
at
or
above
the
Proficient
level.
Only
four
jurisdictions
(
one
state,
the
District
of
Columbia,
American
Samoa,
and
Guam)
had
significantly
fewer
than
50
percent
of
students
performing
at
least
at
the
Basic
level
in
math.

Science
Long­
term
changes
in
science
performance
have
been
mixed,
though
changes
over
the
past
10
years
have
been
generally
positive
(
table
130).
In
1999,
science
performance
among
17­
year­
olds
was
lower
than
in
1969,
but
higher
than
in
1990.
The
science
performance
level
of
13­
year­
olds
in
1999
was
about
the
same
as
the
level
in
1970
and
in
1990.
The
science
performance
of
9­
year­
olds
increased
between
1970
and
1999,
but
there
was
no
significant
difference
between
1990
and
1999.
3
INTRODUCTION
International
Comparisons
The
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
 
Repeat
(
TIMSS
 
R),
which
was
conducted
in
1999
(
4
years
after
the
original
TIMMS)
focuses
on
the
mathematics
and
science
achievement
of
eighthgraders
in
38
countries.
In
TIMSS
 
R,
the
international
average
score
of
the
38
participating
countries
was
487
in
mathematics
and
488
in
science
(
tables
399
and
401).
In
1999,
U.
S.
eighth­
graders
on
average
scored
higher
in
both
mathematics
and
science
than
the
international
average
of
the
38
countries.
In
mathematics,
the
average
U.
S.
score
was
higher
than
the
score
in
17
countries,
similar
to
the
score
in
6
countries,
and
lower
than
the
score
in
14
countries.
In
science,
the
average
U.
S.
score
was
higher
than
the
score
in
18
countries,
similar
to
the
score
in
5
countries,
and
lower
than
the
score
in
14
countries
in
1999.

Graduates
and
Degrees
The
estimated
number
of
high
school
graduates
in
2000
 
01
totaled
2.8
million
(
table
103).
Approximately
2.5
million
graduated
from
public
schools,
and
0.3
million
graduated
from
private
schools.
The
number
of
high
school
graduates
has
declined
from
its
peak
in
1976
 
77
when
3.2
million
people
earned
their
diplomas.
In
contrast,
the
number
of
General
Educational
Development
(
GED)
credentials
issued
rose
from
331,000
in
1977
to
501,000
in
2000
(
table
106).
The
dropout
rate
also
declined
over
this
period,
from
14
percent
of
all
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
in
1977
to
11
percent
in
2000
(
table
108).
Much
of
the
decrease
occurred
between
1977
and
1990.
The
number
of
degrees
conferred
during
the
2000
 
01
school
year
by
degree
level
has
been
projected:
562,000
associate
degrees;
1,209,000
bachelor's
degrees;
428,000
master's
degrees;
81,900
first­
professional
degrees;
and
46,700
doctor's
degrees
(
table
247).
The
U.
S.
Census
Bureau
collects
annual
statistics
on
the
educational
attainment
of
the
population.
Between
1990
and
2000,
the
proportion
of
the
adult
population
25
years
of
age
and
over
who
had
completed
a
high
school
rose
from
78
percent
to
84
percent
and
the
proportion
of
adults
with
a
bachelor's
degree
increased
from
21
percent
to
26
percent.
Over
the
same
period,
the
proportion
of
young
adults
(
25­
to
29­
year­
olds)
completing
high
school
showed
a
small
increase
of
about
2
percentage
points
to
88
percent
in
2000,
and
the
proportion
completing
bachelor's
degrees
rose
from
23
percent
to
29
percent
(
table
8).

Expenditures
Expenditures
for
public
and
private
education,
from
kindergarten
through
graduate
school
(
excluding
postsecondary
schools
not
awarding
associate
or
higher
degrees),
are
estimated
at
$
700
billion
for
2000
 
01
(
table
30).
The
expenditures
of
elementary
and
secondary
schools
are
expected
to
total
$
423
billion
for
2000
 
01,
while
those
of
colleges
and
universities
are
expected
to
total
$
277
billion.
The
total
expenditures
for
education
are
expected
to
amount
to
7.1
percent
of
the
gross
domestic
product
in
2000
 
01,
about
the
same
percentage
as
in
the
recent
past
(
table
29).

NOTE:
Readers
should
be
aware
of
the
limitations
of
statistics.
These
limitations
vary
with
the
exact
nature
of
a
particular
survey.
For
example,
estimates
based
on
a
sample
of
institutions
will
differ
somewhat
from
the
figures
that
would
have
been
obtained
if
a
complete
census
had
been
taken
using
the
same
survey
procedures.
Although
some
of
the
surveys
conducted
by
NCES
are
censustype
surveys,
all
surveys
are
subject
to
design,
reporting
and
processing
errors
and
errors
due
to
nonresponse.
More
information
on
survey
methodologies
can
be
found
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
appendix.
Price
indexes
for
inflation
adjustments
can
be
found
in
table
35.
5
CHAPTER
1
All
Levels
of
Education
This
chapter
provides
a
broad
overview
of
education
in
the
United
States.
It
brings
together
material
from
preprimary,
elementary,
secondary,
and
postsecondary
education,
and
from
the
general
population
to
present
a
composite
picture
of
the
American
educational
system.
Tables
illustrate
the
total
number
of
persons
enrolled
in
school,
the
number
of
teachers
the
number
of
schools,
and
total
expenditures
for
education
at
all
levels.
This
chapter
also
includes
statistics
on
education­
related
topics
such
as
educational
attainment,
family
characteristics,
population
counts,
and
opinions
about
schools.
Economic
indicators
and
price
indexes
have
been
added
to
facilitate
analyses.
Figure
1
shows
the
structure
of
education
in
the
United
States.
It
presents
the
three
levels
of
education
(
elementary,
secondary,
and
postsecondary)
and
gives
the
approximate
age
range
of
persons
at
each
level.
Pupils
ordinarily
spend
from
6
to
8
years
in
the
elementary
grades,
which
may
be
preceded
by
1
or
2
years
in
nursery
school
and
kindergarten.
The
elementary
school
program
is
followed
by
a
4­
to
6­
year
program
in
secondary
school.
Pupils
normally
complete
the
entire
program
through
grade
12
by
age
18.
High
school
graduates
who
decide
to
continue
their
education
may
enter
a
technical
or
vocational
institution,
a
2­
year
college,
or
a
4­
year
college
or
university.
A
2­
year
college
normally
offers
the
first
2
years
of
a
standard
4­
year
college
curriculum
and
a
selection
of
terminal
vocational
programs.
Academic
courses
completed
at
a
2­
year
college
are
usually
transferable
for
credit
at
a
4­
year
college
or
university
A
technical
or
vocational
institution
offers
postsecondary
technical
training
leading
to
a
specific
career
An
associate
degree
requires
at
least
2
years
of
college­
level
work,
and
a
bachelor's
degree
normally
can
be
earned
in
4
years.
At
least
1
year
beyond
the
bachelor's
is
necessary
for
a
master's
degree,
while
a
doctor's
degree
usually
requires
a
minimum
of
3
or
4
years
beyond
the
bachelor's.
Professional
schools
differ
widely
in
admission
requirements
and
in
program
length.
Medical
students,
for
example,
generally
complete
a
4­
year
program
of
premedical
studies
at
a
college
or
university
before
they
can
enter
the
4­
year
program
at
a
medical
school.
Law
programs
normally
require
3
years
of
coursework
beyond
the
bachelor's
degree
level.
Many
of
the
statistics
in
this
chapter
are
derived
from
the
statistical
activities
of
the
NCES.
In
addition,
substantial
contributions
have
been
drawn
from
the
work
of
other
groups,
both
government
and
nongovernment
as
shown
in
the
source
notes
of
the
appropriate
tables.
Information
on
survey
methodologies
is
contained
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
appendix
and
in
the
publications
cited
in
the
source
notes.

Enrollment
and
Teachers
Enrollment
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools
grew
rapidly
during
the
1950s
and
1960s
and
reached
a
peak
in
1971
(
table
3).
This
enrollment
rise
was
caused
by
what
is
known
as
the
``
baby
boom,''
a
dramatic
increase
in
births
following
World
War
II.
From
1971
to
1984,
total
elementary
and
secondary
school
enrollment
decreased
every
year,
reflecting
the
decline
in
the
school­
age
population
over
that
period.
After
these
years
of
decline,
enrollment
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools
started
increasing
in
fall
1985,
and
began
hitting
record
enrollment
levels
in
the
mid­
1990s
(
table
3).
Public
school
enrollment
in
kindergarten
through
grade
eight
rose
from
29.9
million
in
fall
1990
to
an
estimated
33.6
million
in
fall
2001.
Enrollment
in
the
upper
grades
rose
from
11.3
million
in
1990
to
13.6
million
in
2001.
The
growing
numbers
of
young
pupils
that
have
been
filling
the
elementary
schools
will
cause
some
increases
at
the
secondary
school
level
during
the
next
10
years.
Between
fall
2001
and
fall
2011,
public
elementary
enrollment
is
expected
to
remain
fairly
stable,
while
public
secondary
school
enrollment
is
expected
to
rise
by
3
percent.
Public
school
enrollment
is
projected
to
set
new
records
every
year
until
2005.
The
proportion
of
students
in
private
schools
has
changed
little
over
the
past
10
years,
remaining
around
11
percent.
The
percentage
of
college
students
who
attended
private
colleges
and
universities
ranged
between
21
and
23
percent
between
1991
and
2001.
In
2001,
about
5.9
million
students
were
enrolled
in
private
schools
at
the
elementary
and
secondary
levels
and
3.5
million
students
in
degreegranting
institutions
(
table
3).
6
ALL
LEVELS
OF
EDUCATION
College
enrollment
decreased
from
14.5
million
in
fall
1992
to
14.3
million
in
fall
1995,
but
has
increased
since
then.
Total
college
enrollment
is
expected
to
increase
for
the
next
10
years,
as
increasing
numbers
of
high
school
graduates
pursue
postsecondary
education.
School
attendance
rates
among
5­
to
17­
year­
olds
have
remained
relatively
steady
over
the
past
10
years.
The
proportion
of
20­
to
24­
year­
olds
enrolled
in
school
rose
from
29
percent
to
32
percent
during
the
same
time
period
(
table
6).
The
enrollment
rates
for
the
3­
to
34­
years­
old
age
group
have
been
more
heavily
affected
by
the
changing
age
distribution
of
the
population,
than
by
changes
in
enrollment
rates
at
specific
ages.
Educational
attainment
has
risen
in
the
adult
population
In
2000,
84
percent
of
the
population
25
years
old
and
over
had
completed
high
school
and
26
percent
had
completed
4
or
more
years
of
college.
This
is
higher
than
in
1990,
when
78
percent
had
completed
high
school
and
21
percent
had
4
years
of
college
(
table
8).
In
2000,
about
6
percent
of
persons
25
years
old
or
over
held
a
master's
degree
as
their
highest
degree,
more
than
1
percent
held
a
professional
degree
(
e.
g.,
medicine
or
law),
and
1
percent
held
a
doctor's
degree
(
table
9).
An
estimated
3.6
million
elementary
and
secondary
school
teachers
were
engaged
in
classroom
instruction
in
the
fall
of
2001
(
table
4).
This
number
has
risen
about
29
percent
since
1990.
The
number
of
public
school
teachers
in
2001
was
about
3.1
million
and
the
number
in
private
schools
was
estimated
at
0.4
million.

Expenditures
Education
expenditures
rose
to
an
estimated
high
of
$
700
billion
in
the
2000
 
01
school
year.
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
spent
about
60
percent
of
this
total,
and
colleges
and
universities
accounted
for
the
remaining
40
percent
(
table
29).
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
colleges
and
universities
spent
an
estimated
7.1
percent
of
the
gross
domestic
product
in
2000
 
01.
The
proportion
of
total
federal,
state,
and
local
government
funds
spent
on
education
declined
between
1980
 
81
and
1990
 
91,
at
least
partly
as
a
result
of
the
drop
in
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
in
the
early
part
of
the
decade
and
the
expansion
of
other
governmental
services.
Between
1990
 
91
and
1994
 
95,
the
proportion
of
government
funds
spent
on
education
rose,
from
18.5
to
19.9
percent,
as
a
result
of
increased
state
and
local
government
spending
on
all
functions
and
an
increase
in
federal
funds
for
education
(
table
31).
Of
the
1997
 
98
state
and
local
funds
spent
on
education,
about
71
percent
went
to
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
25
percent
to
colleges
and
universities,
and
4
percent
to
other
education
programs
(
table
32).
8
ALL
LEVELS
OF
EDUCATION
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Expenditures,
in
billions
of
current
dollars
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Enrollment,
in
millions
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Expenditures,
in
billions
of
constant
2000­
01
dollars
Figure
2.
 
Enrollment
and
total
expenditures
in
current
and
constant
dollars,
by
level
of
education:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
Elementary
and
secondary
Total
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
Degree­
granting
institutions
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Secondary
Schools;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
surveys.
$

$

NOTE:
Data
for
1999­
2000
are
preliminary
and
data
for
2000­
01
are
estimates.
Degree­
granting
institutions
Degree­
granting
institutions
9
ALL
LEVELS
OF
EDUCATION
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Year
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent
of
persons
Figure
4.
 
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
25
to
29
years
of
age:
1940
to
2000
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Year
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent
of
persons
Figure
3.
 
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
25
years
old
and
over:
1940
to
2000
Less
than
12
years
4
years
of
high
school
or
more
4
or
more
years
of
college
Less
than
12
years
4
years
of
high
school
or
more
4
or
more
years
of
college
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
20;
and
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1960
Census
of
Population,
Volume
1,
part
1;
and
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1960
Census
of
Population,
Volume
1,
part
1;
and
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
20;
and
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
10
ALL
LEVELS
OF
EDUCATION
Not
high
school
grad
Doctor's
Professional
Master's
Bachelor's
Associate
Some
college
High
school
graduate
Figure
5.
 
Highest
level
of
education
attained
by
persons
25
years
and
older:
March
2000
1980
1985
1990
1995
Year
0
10
20
30
40
Percent
citing
problem
Figure
6.
 
Items
most
frequently
cited
by
the
public
as
a
major
problem
facing
the
local
public
schools:
1980
to
2000
Lack
of
discipline
Use
of
drugs
Lack
of
financial
support
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.

SOURCE:
"
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools,"
Phi
Delta
Kappan,
various
years.
Total
persons
age
25
and
over
=
175.2
million
Some
college,
17.6%
High
school
graduate,
33.1%
Not
high
school
graduate,
15.9%

Doctor's,
1.2%

Professional,
1.5%

Master's,
5.9%

Bachelor's,
17.0%

Associate,
7.8%

2001
11
ALL
LEVELS:
ENROLLMENT
Table
1.
 
Estimated
number
of
participants
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
2001
[
In
millions]

Participants
All
levels
(
elementary,
secondary,
and
degreegranting
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
Degree­
granting
institutions
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Total
..........................................................................................
77.5
59.9
53.2
6.7
17.7
13.4
4.3
Enrollment
.....................................................................................
68.5
53.2
47.2
5.9
15.3
11.8
3.5
Teachers
and
faculty
....................................................................
4.3
3.6
3.1
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.2
Other
professional,
administrative,
and
support
staff
..................
4.8
3.2
2.9
0.3
1.6
1.1
0.5
NOTE:
Includes
enrollments
in
local
public
school
systems
and
in
most
private
schools
(
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian).
Excludes
subcollegiate
departments
of
institutions
of
higher
education,
residential
schools
for
exceptional
children,
and
federal
schools.
Elementary
and
secondary
includes
most
kindergarten
and
some
nursery
school
enrollment.
Excludes
preprimary
enrollment
in
schools
that
do
not
offer
first
grade
or
above.
Degree­
granting
institutions
comprises
full­
time
and
part­
time
students
enrolled
in
degree­
credit
and
nondegree­
credit
programs
in
universities,
other
4­
year
colleges,
and
2­
year
colleges
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
teachers
and
other
staff
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
colleges
and
universities
are
reported
in
terms
of
full­
time
equivalents.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
unpublished
projections
and
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)

Table
2.
 
Enrollment
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1980
to
fall
2005
[
In
thousands]

Level
of
instruction
and
type
of
control
Fall
1980
Fall
1985
Fall
1990
Fall
1991
Fall
1993
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Projected
fall
2000
1
Projected
fall
2001
Projected
fall
2005
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
All
levels
......................................................
58,305
57,226
60,269
61,681
63,118
63,888
64,764
65,743
66,470
66,983
67,667
68,083
68,457
69,787
Public
...................................................................
50,335
48,901
52,061
53,356
54,654
55,245
55,933
56,732
57,323
57,676
58,167
58,695
58,988
60,063
Private
..................................................................
7,971
8,325
8,208
8,324
8,464
8,643
8,831
9,011
9,147
9,306
9,500
9,388
9,469
9,723
Elementary
and
secondary
education
2
...............
46,208
44,979
46,451
47,322
48,813
49,609
50,502
51,375
51,968
52,476
52,875
53,104
53,157
53,491
Public
..............................................................
40,877
39,422
41,217
42,047
43,465
44,111
44,840
45,611
46,127
46,539
46,857
47,160
47,213
47,536
Private
.............................................................
5,331
5,557
5,234
5,275
5,348
3
5,498
5,662
3
5,764
5,841
3
5,937
6,018
5,944
5,944
5,954
Grades
K­
8
4
...................................................
31,639
31,229
33,962
34,619
35,719
36,233
36,806
37,315
37,696
38,048
38,253
38,300
38,255
37,694
Public
...........................................................
27,647
27,034
29,878
30,506
31,504
31,898
32,341
32,764
33,073
33,346
33,488
33,622
33,587
33,091
Private
.........................................................
3,992
4,195
3
4,084
4,113
4,215
3
4,335
4,465
3
4,551
4,623
3
4,702
4,765
4,678
4,668
4,603
Grades
9
 
12
...................................................
14,570
13,750
12,488
12,703
13,093
13,376
13,697
14,060
14,272
14,428
14,623
14,803
14,902
15,797
Public
...........................................................
13,231
12,388
11,338
11,541
11,961
12,213
12,500
12,847
13,054
13,193
13,369
13,537
13,626
14,445
Private
.........................................................
1,339
1,362
3
1,150
1,162
1,132
3
1,163
1,197
3
1,213
1,218
3
1,235
1,254
1,266
1,276
1,351
Degree­
granting
institutions
5
...............................
12,097
12,247
13,819
14,359
14,305
14,279
14,262
14,368
14,502
14,507
14,791
14,979
15,300
16,296
Public
..............................................................
9,457
9,479
10,845
11,310
11,189
11,134
11,092
11,120
11,196
11,138
11,309
11,535
11,775
12,527
Undergraduate
6
..........................................
8,442
8,477
9,710
10,148
10,012
9,945
9,904
9,935
10,007
9,950
10,110
10,334
10,554
11,231
First­
professional
.........................................
114
112
112
111
114
114
115
117
118
121
123
119
120
127
Graduate
7
...................................................
901
890
1,023
1,050
1,064
1,075
1,074
1,069
1,070
1,067
1,077
1,082
1,100
1,170
Private
.............................................................
2,640
2,768
2,974
3,049
3,116
3,145
3,169
3,247
3,306
3,369
3,482
3,444
3,525
3,769
Undergraduate
6
..........................................
2,033
2,120
2,250
2,291
2,312
2,317
2,328
2,392
2,443
2,487
2,571
2,561
2,628
2,818
First­
professional
.........................................
163
162
162
169
179
181
183
182
180
182
180
179
181
191
Graduate
7
...................................................
443
486
563
589
625
647
659
674
683
701
730
705
716
760
1
Public
elementary
and
secondary
education
are
state
estimates.
2
Includes
enrollments
in
local
public
school
systems
and
in
most
private
schools
(
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian).
Excludes
home­
schooled
children.
Based
on
the
National
Household
Education
Survey,
the
home­
schooled
children
numbered
approximately
850,000
in
the
spring
of
1999.
Excludes
preprimary
pupils
in
schools
that
do
not
offer
first
grade
or
above.
3
Estimated.
4
Includes
kindergarten
and
some
nursery
school
pupils.
5
Enrollment
for
1996
through
1999,
and
the
projections
are
for
degree­
granting
institutions
All
other
years,
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
6
Includes
unclassified
students
below
the
baccalaureate
level.
7
Includes
unclassified
postbaccalaureate
students.
NOTE:
Degree­
granting
enrollment
projections
are
based
on
the
middle
alternative
projections
published
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
Data
for
degreegranting
institutions
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
and
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys,
and
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
12
ALL
LEVELS:
ENROLLMENT
Table
3.
 
Enrollment
in
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1869
 
70
to
fall
2011
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
enrollment,
all
levels
Elementary
and
secondary,
total
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
Private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
Total
Prekindergarten
through
grade
8
Grades
9
through
12
Total
Kindergarten
through
grade
8
Grades
9
through
12
Total
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1869
 
70
............................
 
 
6,872
6,792
80
 
 
 
52
 
 
1879
 
80
............................
 
 
9,868
9,757
110
 
 
 
116
 
 
1889
 
90
............................
14,491
14,334
12,723
12,520
203
1,611
1,516
95
157
 
 
1899
 
1900
........................
17,092
16,855
15,503
14,984
519
1,352
1,241
111
238
 
 
1909
 
10
............................
19,728
19,372
17,814
16,899
915
1,558
1,441
117
355
 
 
1919
 
20
............................
23,876
23,278
21,578
19,378
2,200
1,699
1,486
214
598
 
 
1929
 
30
............................
29,430
28,329
25,678
21,279
4,399
2,651
2,310
341
1,101
 
 
1939
 
40
............................
29,539
28,045
25,434
18,832
6,601
2,611
2,153
458
1,494
797
698
1949
 
50
............................
31,151
28,492
25,111
19,387
5,725
3,380
2,708
672
2,659
1,355
1,304
Fall
1959
...........................
44,497
40,857
35,182
26,911
8,271
5,675
4,640
1,035
3,640
2,181
1,459
Fall
1969
...........................
59,055
51,050
45,550
32,513
13,037
3
5,500
3
4,200
3
1,300
8,005
5,897
2,108
Fall
1970
...........................
59,838
51,257
45,894
32,558
13,336
5,363
4,052
1,311
8,581
6,428
2,153
Fall
1971
...........................
60,220
51,271
46,071
32,318
13,753
3
5,200
3
3,900
3
1,300
8,949
6,804
2,144
Fall
1972
...........................
59,941
50,726
45,726
31,879
13,848
3
5,000
3
3,700
3
1,300
9,215
7,071
2,144
Fall
1973
...........................
60,047
50,445
45,445
31,401
14,044
3
5,000
3
3,700
3
1,300
9,602
7,420
2,183
Fall
1974
...........................
60,297
50,073
45,073
30,971
14,103
3
5,000
3
3,700
3
1,300
10,224
7,989
2,235
Fall
1975
...........................
61,004
49,819
44,819
30,515
14,304
3
5,000
3
3,700
3
1,300
11,185
8,835
2,350
Fall
1976
...........................
60,490
49,478
44,311
29,997
14,314
5,167
3,825
1,342
11,012
8,653
2,359
Fall
1977
...........................
60,003
48,717
43,577
29,375
14,203
5,140
3,797
1,343
11,286
8,847
2,439
Fall
1978
...........................
58,897
47,637
42,551
28,463
14,088
5,086
3,732
1,353
11,260
8,786
2,474
Fall
1979
...........................
58,221
46,651
41,651
28,034
13,616
3
5,000
3
3,700
3
1,300
11,570
9,037
2,533
Fall
1980
...........................
58,305
46,208
40,877
27,647
13,231
5,331
3,992
1,339
12,097
9,457
2,640
Fall
1981
...........................
57,916
45,544
40,044
27,280
12,764
3
5,500
3
4,100
3
1,400
12,372
9,647
2,725
Fall
1982
...........................
57,591
45,166
39,566
27,161
12,405
3
5,600
3
4,200
3
1,400
12,426
9,696
2,730
Fall
1983
...........................
57,432
44,967
39,252
26,981
12,271
5,715
4,315
1,400
12,465
9,683
2,782
Fall
1984
...........................
57,150
44,908
39,208
26,905
12,304
3
5,700
3
4,300
3
1,400
12,242
9,477
2,765
Fall
1985
...........................
57,226
44,979
39,422
27,034
12,388
5,557
4,195
1,362
12,247
9,479
2,768
Fall
1986
...........................
57,709
45,205
39,753
27,420
12,333
3
5,452
3
4,116
3
1,336
12,504
9,714
2,790
Fall
1987
...........................
58,253
45,487
40,008
27,933
12,076
5,479
4,232
1,247
12,767
9,973
2,793
Fall
1988
...........................
58,485
45,430
40,189
28,501
11,687
3
5,242
3
4,036
3
1,206
13,055
10,161
2,894
Fall
1989
...........................
59,279
45,741
40,543
29,152
11,390
3
5,198
3
4,035
3
1,163
13,539
10,578
2,961
Fall
1990
...........................
60,269
46,451
41,217
29,878
11,338
5,234
4,084
1,150
13,819
10,845
2,974
Fall
1991
...........................
61,681
47,322
42,047
30,506
11,541
3
5,275
3
4,113
3
1,162
14,359
11,310
3,049
Fall
1992
...........................
62,633
48,145
42,823
31,088
11,735
3
5,322
3
4,175
3
1,147
14,487
11,385
3,103
Fall
1993
...........................
63,118
48,813
43,465
31,504
11,961
3
5,348
3
4,215
3
1,132
14,305
11,189
3,116
Fall
1994
...........................
63,888
49,609
44,111
31,898
12,213
3
5,498
3
4,335
3
1,163
14,279
11,134
3,145
Fall
1995
...........................
64,764
50,502
44,840
32,341
12,500
5,662
4,465
1,197
14,262
11,092
3,169
Fall
1996
...........................
65,743
51,375
45,611
32,764
12,847
3
5,764
3
4,551
3
1,213
14,368
11,120
3,247
Fall
1997
...........................
66,470
51,968
46,127
33,073
13,054
5,841
4,623
1,218
14,502
11,196
3,306
Fall
1998
...........................
66,983
52,476
46,539
33,346
13,193
3
5,937
3
4,702
3
1,235
14,507
11,138
3,369
Fall
1999
...........................
67,667
52,875
46,857
33,488
13,369
6,018
4,765
1,254
14,791
11,309
3,482
Fall
2000
4
.........................
68,083
53,104
47,160
33,622
13,537
5,944
4,678
1,266
14,979
11,535
3,444
Fall
2001
4
.........................
68,457
53,157
47,213
33,587
13,626
5,944
4,668
1,276
15,300
11,775
3,525
Fall
2002
4
.........................
68,837
53,310
47,358
33,574
13,784
5,952
4,660
1,292
15,527
11,947
3,580
Fall
2003
4
.........................
69,198
53,386
47,432
33,475
13,957
5,954
4,644
1,310
15,812
12,161
3,651
Fall
2004
4
.........................
69,523
53,449
47,494
33,276
14,218
5,955
4,620
1,334
16,074
12,360
3,714
Fall
2005
4
.........................
69,787
53,491
47,536
33,091
14,445
5,954
4,603
1,351
16,296
12,527
3,769
Fall
2006
4
.........................
69,998
53,465
47,515
32,947
14,569
5,950
4,592
1,358
16,533
12,706
3,827
Fall
2007
4
.........................
70,127
53,373
47,430
32,868
14,562
5,943
4,588
1,355
16,754
12,872
3,881
Fall
2008
4
.........................
70,224
53,219
47,286
32,860
14,426
5,933
4,592
1,341
17,005
13,063
3,943
Fall
2009
4
.........................
70,358
53,109
47,178
32,913
14,265
5,931
4,604
1,327
17,249
13,246
4,002
Fall
2010
4
.........................
70,526
53,069
47,131
33,034
14,096
5,938
4,625
1,313
17,457
13,402
4,055
Fall
2011
4
.........................
70,810
53,122
47,170
33,179
13,991
5,952
4,649
1,303
17,688
13,573
4,115
 
Not
available.
1
Beginning
in
fall
1980,
data
include
estimates
for
an
expanded
universe
of
private
schools.
Therefore,
these
totals
may
differ
from
figures
shown
in
other
tables,
and
direct
comparisons
with
earlier
years
should
be
avoided.
2
Data
for
1869
 
70
through
1949
 
50
include
resident
degree­
credit
students
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.
Beginning
in
1959,
data
include
all
resident
and
extension
students
enrolled
at
the
beginning
of
the
fall
term.
3
Estimated.
4
Projected.

NOTE:
Elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
includes
pupils
in
local
public
school
systems
and
in
most
private
schools
(
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian),
but
generally
excludes
pupils
in
subcollegiate
departments
of
colleges,
residential
schools
for
exceptional
children,
federal
schools,
and
home­
schooled
children.
Based
on
the
National
Household
Education
Survey,
the
home­
schooled
children
numbered
approximately
850,000
in
the
spring
of
1999.
Public
elementary
enrollment
includes
most
preprimary
school
pupils.
Public
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
for
2000
are
state
estimates.
Private
elementary
enrollment
includes
some
preprimary
students.
Higher
education
enrollment
includes
students
in
colleges,
universities,
professional
schools,
and
2­
year
colleges.
Degree­
granting
institutions
are
2­
year
and
4­
year
institutions
that
were
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
degreegranting
institutions
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011;
Common
Core
of
Data;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
13
ALL
LEVELS:
TEACHERS
Table
4.
 
Teachers
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
and
senior
instructional
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
Fall
1970
to
fall
2011
[
In
thousands]

Fall
All
levels
Elementary
and
secondary
teachers
1
Higher
education
senior
instructional
staff
2
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
......................
2,766
2,373
393
2,292
2,059
233
474
314
160
1975
......................
3,081
2,641
440
2,453
2,198
3
255
628
443
185
1980
......................
3,171
2,679
492
2,485
2,184
301
3
686
3
495
3
191
1981
......................
3,145
2,636
509
2,440
2,127
3
313
705
509
196
1982
......................
3,168
2,639
529
2,458
2,133
3
325
3
710
3
506
3
204
1983
......................
3,200
2,651
549
2,476
2,139
337
724
512
212
1984
......................
3,225
2,673
552
2,508
2,168
3
340
3
717
3
505
3
212
1985
......................
3,264
2,709
555
2,549
2,206
343
3
715
3
503
3
212
1986
......................
3,314
2,754
560
2,592
2,244
3
348
3
722
3
510
3
212
1987
......................
3,424
2,831
592
2,631
2,279
3
352
4
793
4
553
4
240
1988
......................
3,472
2,882
590
2,668
2,323
3
345
3
804
3
559
3
245
1989
......................
3,558
2,934
624
2,734
2,357
3
377
824
577
247
1990
......................
3,570
2,972
599
2,753
2,398
3
355
3
817
3
574
3
244
1991
......................
3,613
3,013
600
2,787
2,432
3
355
826
581
245
1992
......................
3,699
3,080
620
2,822
2,459
3
363
3
877
3
621
3
257
1993
......................
3,785
3,154
631
2,870
2,504
3
366
915
650
265
1994
......................
3,849
3,205
644
2,926
2,552
3
374
3
923
3
653
3
270
1995
......................
3,910
3,255
655
2,978
2,598
3
380
932
657
275
1996
......................
4,008
3,339
669
3,054
2,667
3
387
3
954
3
672
3
282
1997
......................
4,124
3,441
683
3,134
2,746
388
990
695
295
1998
......................
4,220
3,527
694
3,221
2,830
3
391
3
999
3
697
3
303
1999
......................
4,332
3,620
712
3,304
2,907
3
397
1,028
713
315
2000
5
....................
4,420
3,680
740
3,381
2,953
428
1,039
727
312
2001
5
....................
 
 
 
3,551
3,119
432
 
 
 
2002
5
....................
 
 
 
3,541
3,111
430
 
 
 
2003
5
....................
 
 
 
3,564
3,132
432
 
 
 
2004
5
....................
 
 
 
3,590
3,155
435
 
 
 
2005
5
....................
 
 
 
3,576
3,142
434
 
 
 
2006
5
....................
 
 
 
3,594
3,159
436
 
 
 
2007
5
....................
 
 
 
3,600
3,164
436
 
 
 
2008
5
....................
 
 
 
3,600
3,164
436
 
 
 
2009
5
....................
 
 
 
3,619
3,180
439
 
 
 
2010
5
....................
 
 
 
3,633
3,192
441
 
 
 
2011
5
....................
 
 
 
3,649
3,206
443
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
teachers
in
local
public
school
systems
and
in
most
private
schools
(
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian).
Teachers
are
reported
in
terms
of
full­
time
equivalents
2
Includes
full­
time
and
part­
time
faculty
with
the
rank
of
instructor
or
above
in
colleges,
universities,
professional
schools,
teachers
colleges,
and
2­
year
colleges.
Excludes
teaching
assistants.
3
Estimated.
4
Based
on
actual
survey
data.
Methodology
for
this
year
and
later
years
is
not
consistent
with
figures
for
earlier
years.
5
Projected.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics,
various
years;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey,
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Staff''
survey;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff''
survey;
and
U.
S.
Equal
Opportunity
Commission
(
EEO­
6);
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
14
ALL
LEVELS:
SCHOOLS
Table
5.
 
Educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1999
 
2000
Level
and
control
of
institution
1980
 
81
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
All
institutions
...........
117,707
 
 
119,242
 
 
121,855
 
124,773
 
126,542
 
128,484
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
.....
106,746
 
 
109,228
 
 
111,486
 
114,811
 
116,910
 
119,235
Elementary
.............
72,659
 
 
74,716
 
 
75,591
 
77,909
 
79,362
 
80,661
Secondary
..............
24,856
 
 
23,602
 
 
23,256
 
23,530
 
24,169
 
24,903
Combined
...............
5,202
 
 
8,847
 
 
10,678
 
11,205
 
11,412
 
12,197
Other
1
....................
4,029
 
 
2,063
 
 
1,962
 
2,167
 
1,967
 
1,474
Public
schools
........
85,982
83,165
83,425
84,538
84,578
84,497
85,393
86,221
87,125
88,223
89,508
90,874
92,012
Elementary
.........
59,326
57,941
58,419
59,015
59,258
59,676
60,052
60,808
61,165
61,805
62,739
63,462
64,131
Secondary
..........
22,619
21,403
21,181
21,135
20,767
20,671
20,705
20,904
20,997
21,307
21,682
22,076
22,365
Combined
...........
1,743
2,235
2,280
2,325
2,481
2,549
2,674
2,764
2,796
2,980
3,120
3,721
4,042
Other
1
................
2,294
1,586
1,545
2,063
2,072
1,601
1,962
1,745
2,167
2,131
1,967
1,615
1,474
Private
schools
.......
20,764
 
 
24,690
25,998
 
26,093
 
27,686
 
27,402
 
27,223
Elementary
.........
13,333
 
 
15,701
15,716
 
15,539
 
16,744
 
16,623
 
16,530
Secondary
..........
2,237
 
 
2,467
2,475
 
2,551
 
2,533
 
2,487
 
2,538
Combined
...........
3,459
 
 
6,522
7,807
 
8,004
 
8,409
 
8,292
 
8,155
Other
1
................
1,735
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)

Postsecondary
institutions
...................
3
10,961
11,389
10,606
10,014
9,983
10,601
10,369
10,246
9,962
9,837
9,632
9,485
9,249
Public
..................
3
2,393
2,169
2,120
2,096
2,129
2,146
2,152
2,179
2,189
2,169
2,252
2,245
2,183
Private
................
3
8,568
9,220
8,486
7,918
7,854
8,455
8,217
8,067
7,773
7,668
7,380
7,240
7,066
Not­
for­
profit
....
3
2,359
3,092
2,942
2,808
2,810
2,926
2,890
2,916
2,877
2,855
2,808
2,777
2,723
For­
profit
.........
3
6,209
6,128
5,544
5,110
5,044
5,529
5,327
5,151
4,896
4,813
4,572
4,463
4,343
Noncollegiate
institutions
4
.............
3
7,730
7,824
7,071
6,455
6,382
6,963
6,737
6,558
6,256
5,828
5,568
5,437
5,165
Public
..................
3
896
587
557
529
531
522
527
538
534
467
545
564
501
Private
................
3
6,834
7,237
6,514
5,926
5,851
6,441
6,210
6,020
5,722
5,361
5,023
4,873
4,664
Not­
for­
profit
....
3
790
1,434
1,286
1,159
1,148
1,254
1,203
1,214
1,171
1,162
1,101
1,082
1,042
For­
profit
.........
3
6,044
5,803
5,228
4,767
4,703
5,187
5,007
4,806
4,551
4,199
3,922
3,791
3,622
Degree­
granting
institutions
5
.............
3,231
3,565
3,535
3,559
3,601
3,638
3,632
3,688
3,706
4,009
4,064
4,048
4,084
2­
year
colleges
...
1,274
1,436
1,408
1,418
1,444
1,469
1,442
1,473
1,462
1,742
1,755
1,713
1,721
Public
..............
945
984
968
972
999
1,024
1,021
1,036
1,047
1,088
1,092
1,069
1,068
Private
.............
329
452
440
446
445
445
421
437
415
654
663
644
653
Not­
for­
profit
182
180
177
167
176
179
181
192
187
184
179
164
150
For­
profit
......
147
272
263
279
269
266
240
245
228
470
484
480
503
4­
year
colleges
...
1,957
2,129
2,127
2,141
2,157
2,169
2,190
2,215
2,244
2,267
2,309
2,335
2,363
Public
..............
552
598
595
595
599
600
604
605
608
614
615
612
614
Private
.............
1,405
1,531
1,532
1,546
1,558
1,569
1,586
1,610
1,636
1,653
1,694
1,723
1,749
Not­
for­
profit
1,387
1,478
1,479
1,482
1,486
1,493
1,506
1,510
1,519
1,509
1,528
1,531
1,531
For­
profit
......
18
53
53
64
72
76
80
100
117
144
166
192
218
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
special
education,
alternative,
and
other
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.
Because
of
changes
in
survey
definitions,
figures
for
``
other''
schools
are
not
comparable
from
year
to
year.
2
Included
in
other
categories.
3
Because
of
changes
in
survey
procedures,
figures
are
not
directly
comparable
with
data
for
later
years.
4
Institutions
not
meeting
criteria
under
(
5)
were
classified
as
noncollegiate
institutions.
5
Includes
those
colleges
designated
as
institutions
of
higher
education
by
the
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
system,
even
if
all
their
programs
are
less
than
2
years.
Includes
branch
campuses.
Beginning
in
1980,
total
includes
some
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology.
Beginning
in
1996
 
97,
data
for
institutions
of
higher
education
are
for
degree­
granting
institutions.
Degree­
granting
institutions
include
those
institutions
which
award
degrees
at
the
associate
level
or
higher
and
were
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data;
Private
School
surveys;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey,
``
Institutional
Characteristics
of
Colleges
and
Universities;''
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
15
ALL
LEVELS:
ENROLLMENT
RATES
Table
6.
 
Percent
of
the
population
3
to
34
years
old
enrolled
in
school,
1
by
age:
April
1940
to
October
2000
Year
Total,
3
to
34
years
3
and
4
years
5
and
6
years
7
to
13
years
14
to
17
years
18
and
19
years
20
to
24
years
25
to
29
years
30
to
34
years
Total
20
and
21
years
22
to
24
years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1940
2
............................................
 
 
 
95.0
79.3
28.9
6.6
 
 
 
 
1945
..............................................
 
 
 
98.1
78.4
20.7
3.9
 
 
 
 
1947
..............................................
 
 
73.8
98.5
79.3
24.3
10.2
 
 
3.0
 
1948
..............................................
 
 
74.7
98.1
81.8
26.9
9.7
 
 
2.6
 
1949
..............................................
 
 
76.2
98.6
81.6
25.3
9.2
 
 
3.8
 
1950
..............................................
 
 
74.4
98.7
83.7
29.4
9.0
 
 
3.0
0.9
1951
..............................................
 
 
73.6
99.1
85.2
26.2
8.6
 
 
2.5
 
1952
..............................................
 
 
75.2
98.8
85.2
28.8
9.7
 
 
2.6
1.2
1953
..............................................
 
 
78.6
99.4
85.9
31.2
11.1
 
 
2.9
1.7
1954
..............................................
 
 
77.3
99.4
87.1
32.4
11.2
 
 
4.1
1.5
1955
..............................................
 
 
78.1
99.2
86.9
31.5
11.1
 
 
4.2
1.6
1956
..............................................
 
 
77.6
99.3
88.2
35.4
12.8
 
 
5.1
1.9
1957
..............................................
 
 
78.6
99.5
89.5
34.9
14.0
 
 
 
 
1958
..............................................
 
 
80.4
99.5
89.2
37.6
13.4
 
 
 
 
1959
..............................................
 
 
80.0
99.4
90.2
36.8
12.7
 
 
 
 
1960
..............................................
 
 
80.7
99.5
90.3
38.4
13.1
 
 
4.9
2.4
1961
..............................................
 
 
81.7
99.3
91.4
38.0
13.7
 
 
 
 
1962
..............................................
 
 
82.2
99.3
92.0
41.8
15.6
 
 
 
 
1963
..............................................
 
 
82.7
99.3
92.9
40.9
17.3
 
 
 
 
1964
..............................................
 
 
83.3
99.0
93.1
41.6
16.8
 
 
5.2
2.6
1965
..............................................
55.5
10.6
84.9
99.4
93.2
46.3
19.0
27.6
13.2
6.1
3.2
1966
..............................................
56.1
12.5
85.8
99.3
93.7
47.2
19.9
29.9
13.2
6.5
2.7
1967
..............................................
56.6
14.2
87.4
99.3
93.7
47.6
22.0
33.3
13.6
6.6
4.0
1968
..............................................
56.7
15.7
87.6
99.1
94.2
50.4
21.4
31.2
13.8
7.0
3.9
1969
..............................................
57.0
16.1
88.4
99.2
94.0
50.2
23.0
34.1
15.4
7.9
4.8
1970
..............................................
56.4
20.5
89.5
99.2
94.1
47.7
21.5
31.9
14.9
7.5
4.2
1971
..............................................
56.2
21.2
91.6
99.1
94.5
49.2
21.9
32.2
15.4
8.0
4.9
1972
..............................................
54.9
24.4
91.9
99.2
93.3
46.3
21.6
31.4
14.8
8.6
4.6
1973
..............................................
53.5
24.2
92.5
99.2
92.9
42.9
20.8
30.1
14.5
8.5
4.5
1974
..............................................
53.6
28.8
94.2
99.3
92.9
43.1
21.4
30.2
15.1
9.6
5.7
1975
..............................................
53.7
31.5
94.7
99.3
93.6
46.9
22.4
31.2
16.2
10.1
6.6
1976
..............................................
53.1
31.3
95.5
99.2
93.7
46.2
23.3
32.0
17.1
10.0
6.0
1977
..............................................
52.5
32.0
95.8
99.4
93.6
46.2
22.9
31.8
16.5
10.8
6.9
1978
..............................................
51.2
34.2
95.3
99.1
93.7
45.4
21.8
29.5
16.3
9.4
6.4
1979
..............................................
50.3
35.1
95.8
99.2
93.6
45.0
21.7
30.2
15.8
9.6
6.4
1980
..............................................
49.7
36.7
95.7
99.3
93.4
46.4
22.3
31.0
16.3
9.3
6.4
1981
..............................................
48.9
36.0
94.0
99.2
94.1
49.0
22.5
31.6
16.5
9.0
6.9
1982
..............................................
48.6
36.4
95.0
99.2
94.4
47.8
23.5
34.0
16.8
9.6
6.3
1983
..............................................
48.4
37.5
95.4
99.2
95.0
50.4
22.7
32.5
16.6
9.6
6.4
1984
..............................................
47.9
36.3
94.5
99.2
94.7
50.1
23.7
33.9
17.3
9.1
6.3
1985
..............................................
48.3
38.9
96.1
99.2
94.9
51.6
24.0
35.3
16.9
9.2
6.1
1986
..............................................
48.2
38.9
95.3
99.2
94.9
54.6
23.6
33.0
17.9
8.8
6.0
1987
..............................................
48.6
38.3
95.1
99.5
95.0
55.6
25.5
38.7
17.5
9.0
5.8
1988
..............................................
48.7
38.2
96.0
99.7
95.1
55.6
26.1
39.1
18.2
8.3
5.9
1989
..............................................
49.1
39.1
95.2
99.3
95.7
56.0
27.0
38.5
19.9
9.3
5.7
1990
..............................................
50.2
44.4
96.5
99.6
95.8
57.2
28.6
39.7
21.0
9.7
5.8
1991
..............................................
50.7
40.5
95.4
99.6
96.0
59.6
30.2
42.0
22.2
10.2
6.2
1992
..............................................
51.4
39.7
95.5
99.4
96.7
61.4
31.6
44.0
23.7
9.8
6.1
1993
..............................................
51.8
40.4
95.4
99.5
96.5
61.6
30.8
42.7
23.6
10.2
5.9
1994
..............................................
53.3
3
47.3
96.7
99.4
96.6
60.2
32.0
44.9
24.0
10.8
6.7
1995
..............................................
53.7
3
48.7
96.0
98.9
96.3
59.4
31.5
44.9
23.2
11.6
5.9
1996
..............................................
54.1
3
48.3
94.0
97.7
95.4
61.5
32.5
44.4
24.8
11.9
6.1
1997
..............................................
55.6
3
52.6
96.5
99.1
96.6
61.5
34.3
45.9
26.4
11.8
5.7
1998
..............................................
55.8
3
52.1
95.6
98.9
96.1
62.2
33.0
44.8
24.9
11.9
6.6
1999
..............................................
56.0
3
54.2
96.0
98.7
95.8
60.6
32.8
45.3
24.5
11.1
6.2
2000
..............................................
55.9
3
52.1
95.6
98.2
95.7
61.2
32.5
44.1
24.6
11.4
6.7
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
enrollment
in
any
type
of
graded
public,
parochial,
or
other
private
schools.
Includes
nursery
schools,
kindergartens,
elementary
schools,
high
schools,
colleges,
universities
and
professional
schools.
Attendance
may
be
on
either
a
full­
time
or
part­
time
basis
and
during
the
day
or
night.
Enrollments
in
``
special''
schools,
such
as
trade
schools,
business
colleges,
or
correspondence
schools,
are
not
included.

2
Data
are
as
of
April
1940.
Data
for
all
other
years
are
as
of
October.
3
Preprimary
enrollment
collected
using
new
procedures.
May
not
be
comparable
to
figures
for
earlier
years.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Historical
Statistics
of
the
United
States,
Colonial
Times
to
1970;
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
20,
various
years;
and
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
16
ALL
LEVELS:
ENROLLMENT
RATES
Table
7.
 
Percent
of
the
population
3
to
34
years
old
enrolled
in
school,
by
race/
ethnicity,
sex,
and
age:
October
1975
to
October
2000
Year
and
age
Total
Male
Female
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1975
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
53.7
(
0.2)
53.0
(
0.2)
57.7
(
0.7)
54.8
(
1.2)
56.1
(
0.3)
55.2
(
0.3)
60.4
(
1.0)
58.1
(
1.7)
51.5
(
0.3)
50.8
(
0.3)
55.3
(
0.9)
51.7
(
1.7)
3
and
4
years
............
31.5
(
0.9)
31.0
(
1.0)
34.4
(
2.3)
27.3
(
3.0)
30.9
(
1.2)
31.1
(
1.4)
31.4
(
3.2)
26.7
(
4.1)
32.1
(
1.3)
30.9
(
1.4)
37.5
(
3.3)
27.9
(
4.4)
5
and
6
years
............
94.7
(
0.4)
95.1
(
0.5)
94.4
(
1.1)
92.1
(
1.7)
94.4
(
0.6)
94.8
(
0.7)
94.8
(
1.5)
89.7
(
2.7)
95.1
(
0.6)
95.4
(
0.6)
94.0
(
1.6)
94.4
(
2.0)
7
to
9
years
...............
99.3
(
0.1)
99.4
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.3)
99.6
(
0.4)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.4)
99.6
(
0.5)
99.5
(
0.2)
99.6
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.5)
99.5
(
0.6)
10
to
13
years
...........
99.3
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.1)
99.1
(
0.3)
99.2
(
0.4)
98.9
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.5)
98.8
(
0.7)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.4)
99.7
(
0.3)
14
and
15
years
........
98.2
(
0.2)
98.5
(
0.2)
97.4
(
0.8)
95.6
(
1.8)
98.4
(
0.3)
98.6
(
0.3)
97.6
(
1.0)
97.4
(
2.0)
98.0
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.3)
97.2
(
1.1)
93.8
(
3.1)
16
and
17
years
........
89.0
(
0.5)
89.5
(
0.5)
86.8
(
1.7)
86.2
(
3.0)
90.7
(
0.6)
91.2
(
0.7)
88.1
(
2.3)
88.3
(
3.9)
87.2
(
0.7)
87.8
(
0.8)
85.5
(
2.4)
84.0
(
4.5)
18
and
19
years
........
46.9
(
0.8)
46.8
(
0.9)
46.9
(
2.6)
44.0
(
4.4)
49.9
(
1.1)
49.4
(
1.3)
49.6
(
3.8)
51.9
(
6.5)
44.2
(
1.1)
44.2
(
1.2)
44.6
(
3.5)
37.1
(
5.9)
20
and
21
years
........
31.2
(
0.8)
32.1
(
0.8)
26.7
(
2.4)
27.5
(
4.3)
35.3
(
1.1)
36.7
(
1.3)
28.4
(
3.6)
31.3
(
6.7)
27.4
(
1.0)
27.8
(
1.1)
25.3
(
3.1)
24.3
(
5.6)
22
to
24
years
...........
16.2
(
0.5)
16.4
(
0.6)
13.9
(
1.6)
14.1
(
2.9)
20.0
(
0.8)
20.8
(
0.9)
14.5
(
2.5)
15.9
(
4.4)
12.6
(
0.6)
12.2
(
0.7)
13.4
(
2.2)
12.5
(
3.9)
25
to
29
years
...........
10.1
(
0.3)
10.1
(
0.4)
9.4
(
1.2)
8.3
(
1.8)
13.1
(
0.5)
13.2
(
0.6)
11.6
(
1.9)
11.9
(
3.2)
7.2
(
0.4)
7.2
(
0.4)
7.6
(
1.4)
5.3
(
2.0)
30
to
34
years
...........
6.6
(
0.3)
6.6
(
0.3)
7.1
(
1.1)
5.5
(
1.6)
7.7
(
0.5)
7.5
(
0.5)
8.7
(
1.8)
7.2
(
2.6)
5.6
(
0.4)
5.8
(
0.4)
5.9
(
1.4)
4.1
(
1.9)

1980
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
49.7
(
0.2)
48.8
(
0.2)
54.0
(
0.7)
49.8
(
1.1)
50.9
(
0.3)
50.0
(
0.3)
56.2
(
1.0)
49.9
(
1.5)
48.5
(
0.3)
47.7
(
0.3)
52.1
(
0.9)
49.8
(
1.5)
3
and
4
years
............
36.7
(
0.9)
37.4
(
1.1)
38.2
(
2.4)
28.5
(
2.6)
37.8
(
1.3)
39.2
(
1.6)
36.4
(
3.4)
30.1
(
3.6)
35.5
(
1.3)
35.5
(
1.6)
40.0
(
3.5)
26.6
(
3.8)
5
and
6
years
............
95.7
(
0.4)
95.9
(
0.5)
95.5
(
1.0)
94.5
(
1.4)
95.0
(
0.6)
95.4
(
0.7)
94.1
(
1.7)
94.0
(
2.2)
96.4
(
0.5)
96.5
(
0.6)
97.0
(
1.2)
94.9
(
1.9)
7
to
9
years
...............
99.1
(
0.1)
99.1
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.6)
99.0
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.3)
99.5
(
0.4)
97.7
(
1.0)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.3
(
0.5)
99.0
(
0.7)
10
to
13
years
...........
99.4
(
0.1)
99.4
(
0.1)
99.4
(
0.3)
99.7
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.1)
99.4
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.4)
99.4
(
0.4)
99.4
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.2)
99.3
(
0.4)
99.9
(
0.2)
14
and
15
years
........
98.2
(
0.2)
98.7
(
0.2)
97.9
(
0.7)
94.3
(
1.9)
98.7
(
0.3)
98.9
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.9)
96.7
(
2.1)
97.7
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.3)
97.3
(
1.2)
92.1
(
3.0)
16
and
17
years
........
89.0
(
0.5)
89.2
(
0.6)
90.7
(
1.4)
81.8
(
3.2)
89.1
(
0.7)
89.4
(
0.8)
90.7
(
2.0)
81.5
(
4.7)
88.8
(
0.7)
89.0
(
0.8)
90.6
(
2.0)
82.2
(
4.5)
18
and
19
years
........
46.4
(
0.8)
47.0
(
0.9)
45.8
(
2.6)
37.8
(
3.9)
47.0
(
1.1)
48.5
(
1.3)
42.9
(
3.7)
36.9
(
5.4)
45.8
(
1.1)
45.7
(
1.3)
48.3
(
3.5)
38.8
(
5.7)
20
and
21
years
........
31.0
(
0.7)
33.0
(
0.9)
23.3
(
2.2)
19.5
(
3.3)
32.6
(
1.1)
34.8
(
1.2)
22.8
(
3.3)
21.4
(
4.9)
29.5
(
1.0)
31.3
(
1.2)
23.7
(
3.0)
17.6
(
4.4)
22
to
24
years
...........
16.3
(
0.5)
16.8
(
0.6)
13.6
(
1.5)
11.7
(
2.3)
17.8
(
0.7)
18.7
(
0.8)
13.4
(
2.3)
10.7
(
3.1)
14.9
(
0.7)
15.0
(
0.7)
13.7
(
2.0)
12.6
(
3.2)
25
to
29
years
...........
9.3
(
0.3)
9.4
(
0.3)
8.8
(
1.0)
6.9
(
1.4)
9.8
(
0.5)
9.8
(
0.5)
10.6
(
1.7)
6.8
(
2.1)
8.8
(
0.4)
9.1
(
0.5)
7.5
(
1.3)
6.9
(
2.0)
30
to
34
years
...........
6.4
(
0.3)
6.4
(
0.3)
6.9
(
1.0)
5.1
(
1.3)
5.9
(
0.4)
5.6
(
0.4)
7.2
(
1.5)
6.2
(
2.1)
7.0
(
0.4)
7.2
(
0.4)
6.6
(
1.3)
4.1
(
1.7)

1985
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
48.3
(
0.2)
47.8
(
0.3)
50.8
(
0.7)
47.7
(
1.1)
49.2
(
0.3)
48.7
(
0.4)
52.6
(
1.0)
47.5
(
1.6)
47.4
(
0.3)
46.9
(
0.4)
49.2
(
1.0)
47.9
(
1.6)
3
and
4
years
............
38.9
(
0.9)
40.3
(
1.1)
42.8
(
2.4)
27.0
(
2.6)
36.7
(
1.3)
39.1
(
1.6)
34.6
(
3.4)
26.4
(
3.5)
41.2
(
1.3)
41.6
(
1.6)
50.3
(
3.4)
27.7
(
3.9)
5
and
6
years
............
96.1
(
0.4)
96.6
(
0.4)
95.7
(
1.0)
94.5
(
1.4)
95.3
(
0.6)
95.6
(
0.7)
94.5
(
1.6)
95.3
(
1.9)
97.0
(
0.5)
97.6
(
0.5)
97.1
(
1.2)
93.7
(
2.2)
7
to
9
years
...............
99.1
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.2)
98.6
(
0.5)
98.4
(
0.6)
99.0
(
0.2)
99.3
(
0.2)
98.4
(
0.8)
98.9
(
0.8)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.6)
98.0
(
1.0)
10
to
13
years
...........
99.3
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.1)
99.5
(
0.3)
99.4
(
0.3)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.1
(
0.5)
99.1
(
0.6)
99.4
(
0.2)
99.3
(
0.2)
99.9
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.3)
14
and
15
years
........
98.1
(
0.2)
98.3
(
0.3)
98.1
(
0.7)
96.1
(
1.8)
98.3
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.9)
96.2
(
2.6)
97.9
(
0.4)
98.1
(
0.4)
97.6
(
1.2)
96.0
(
2.4)
16
and
17
years
........
91.7
(
0.5)
92.5
(
0.5)
91.8
(
1.5)
84.5
(
3.2)
92.4
(
0.7)
92.9
(
0.7)
92.0
(
2.1)
88.9
(
3.9)
90.9
(
0.7)
92.2
(
0.8)
91.6
(
2.1)
80.0
(
5.1)
18
and
19
years
........
51.6
(
0.9)
53.7
(
1.0)
43.5
(
2.7)
41.8
(
4.8)
52.2
(
1.3)
53.4
(
1.5)
49.4
(
3.9)
38.6
(
6.8)
51.0
(
1.3)
54.0
(
1.5)
37.8
(
3.7)
44.7
(
6.7)
20
and
21
years
........
35.3
(
0.8)
37.2
(
1.0)
27.7
(
2.4)
24.0
(
4.1)
36.5
(
1.2)
38.8
(
1.4)
29.9
(
3.6)
20.3
(
5.6)
34.1
(
1.1)
35.7
(
1.3)
25.8
(
3.2)
27.4
(
6.0)
22
to
24
years
...........
16.9
(
0.5)
17.5
(
0.6)
13.8
(
1.5)
11.6
(
2.3)
18.8
(
0.8)
19.8
(
0.9)
13.5
(
2.3)
12.6
(
3.2)
15.1
(
0.7)
15.4
(
0.8)
14.0
(
2.1)
10.4
(
3.2)
25
to
29
years
...........
9.2
(
0.3)
9.6
(
0.4)
7.4
(
0.9)
6.6
(
1.3)
9.4
(
0.4)
9.7
(
0.5)
5.8
(
1.2)
8.2
(
2.1)
9.1
(
0.4)
9.4
(
0.5)
8.7
(
1.3)
4.9
(
1.7)
30
to
34
years
...........
6.1
(
0.3)
6.2
(
0.3)
5.2
(
0.8)
5.7
(
1.4)
5.4
(
0.3)
5.6
(
0.4)
3.9
(
1.1)
4.0
(
1.7)
6.8
(
0.4)
6.9
(
0.4)
6.2
(
1.2)
7.5
(
2.3)

1990
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
50.2
(
0.2)
49.8
(
0.3)
52.2
(
0.7)
47.2
(
1.1)
50.9
(
0.3)
50.4
(
0.4)
54.3
(
1.0)
46.8
(
1.5)
49.5
(
0.3)
49.2
(
0.4)
50.3
(
1.0)
47.7
(
1.5)
3
and
4
years
............
44.4
(
1.0)
47.2
(
1.2)
41.8
(
2.6)
30.7
(
2.7)
43.9
(
1.4)
47.9
(
1.7)
38.1
(
3.6)
28.0
(
3.7)
44.9
(
1.4)
46.6
(
1.7)
45.5
(
3.7)
33.6
(
4.0)
5
and
6
years
............
96.5
(
0.4)
96.7
(
0.4)
96.5
(
0.9)
94.9
(
1.3)
96.5
(
0.5)
96.8
(
0.6)
96.2
(
1.3)
95.8
(
1.7)
96.4
(
0.5)
96.7
(
0.6)
96.9
(
1.2)
93.9
(
2.0)
7
to
9
years
...............
99.7
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.2)
99.5
(
0.4)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.2)
99.9
(
0.2)
99.5
(
0.5)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.2)
99.8
(
0.3)
99.4
(
0.5)
10
to
13
years
...........
99.6
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.1)
99.1
(
0.4)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.6)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.2)
99.1
(
0.6)
14
and
15
years
........
99.0
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.2)
99.4
(
0.5)
99.0
(
0.9)
99.1
(
0.3)
99.2
(
0.3)
99.7
(
0.5)
99.1
(
1.1)
98.9
(
0.3)
98.9
(
0.4)
99.1
(
0.8)
98.8
(
1.5)
16
and
17
years
........
92.5
(
0.5)
93.5
(
0.6)
91.7
(
1.6)
85.4
(
3.2)
92.6
(
0.7)
93.4
(
0.8)
93.0
(
2.1)
85.5
(
4.4)
92.4
(
0.7)
93.7
(
0.8)
90.5
(
2.4)
85.3
(
4.7)
18
and
19
years
........
57.2
(
0.9)
59.1
(
1.1)
55.0
(
2.8)
44.0
(
4.4)
58.2
(
1.3)
59.7
(
1.6)
60.4
(
4.0)
40.7
(
6.2)
56.3
(
1.3)
58.5
(
1.6)
49.8
(
4.0)
47.2
(
6.1)
20
and
21
years
........
39.7
(
0.9)
43.1
(
1.1)
28.3
(
2.6)
27.2
(
3.8)
40.3
(
1.3)
44.2
(
1.6)
31.0
(
3.8)
21.7
(
4.9)
39.2
(
1.3)
42.0
(
1.5)
25.8
(
3.5)
33.1
(
5.8)
22
to
24
years
...........
21.0
(
0.6)
21.9
(
0.8)
19.7
(
2.0)
9.9
(
2.0)
22.3
(
0.9)
23.7
(
1.1)
19.3
(
3.0)
11.2
(
3.0)
19.9
(
0.9)
20.3
(
1.0)
20.0
(
2.7)
8.4
(
2.8)
25
to
29
years
...........
9.7
(
0.3)
10.4
(
0.4)
6.1
(
0.9)
6.3
(
1.3)
9.2
(
0.5)
10.0
(
0.6)
4.7
(
1.1)
4.6
(
1.6)
10.2
(
0.5)
10.7
(
0.6)
7.3
(
1.3)
8.1
(
2.1)
30
to
34
years
...........
5.8
(
0.3)
6.2
(
0.3)
4.5
(
0.7)
3.6
(
1.0)
4.8
(
0.3)
5.0
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.8)
4.0
(
1.5)
6.9
(
0.4)
7.4
(
0.5)
6.3
(
1.2)
3.1
(
1.3)

1995
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
53.7
(
0.2)
53.8
(
0.3)
56.3
(
0.6)
49.7
(
0.6)
54.3
(
0.3)
54.2
(
0.4)
58.6
(
0.8)
49.1
(
0.9)
53.2
(
0.3)
53.4
(
0.4)
54.1
(
0.8)
50.3
(
0.9)
3
and
4
years
............
48.7
(
0.9)
52.2
(
1.1)
47.8
(
2.0)
36.9
(
1.6)
49.4
(
1.2)
51.1
(
1.5)
52.4
(
2.8)
40.8
(
2.2)
48.1
(
1.2)
53.5
(
1.6)
43.4
(
2.7)
32.7
(
2.2)
5
and
6
years
............
96.0
(
0.3)
96.6
(
0.4)
95.4
(
0.8)
93.9
(
0.8)
95.3
(
0.5)
95.9
(
0.6)
94.6
(
1.3)
93.6
(
1.2)
96.8
(
0.4)
97.4
(
0.5)
96.3
(
1.1)
94.3
(
1.1)
7
to
9
years
...............
98.7
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.2)
97.7
(
0.5)
98.5
(
0.4)
98.9
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.2)
98.1
(
0.6)
98.8
(
0.5)
98.5
(
0.3)
98.9
(
0.3)
97.2
(
0.8)
98.2
(
0.6)
10
to
13
years
...........
99.1
(
0.1)
99.0
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.3)
99.2
(
0.2)
99.1
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.2)
99.5
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.4)
99.0
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.4)
99.5
(
0.3)
14
and
15
years
........
98.9
(
0.2)
98.8
(
0.2)
99.0
(
0.5)
98.9
(
0.6)
99.0
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.3)
99.6
(
0.4)
98.4
(
0.9)
98.8
(
0.3)
98.7
(
0.3)
98.3
(
0.8)
99.4
(
0.6)
16
and
17
years
........
93.6
(
0.4)
94.4
(
0.5)
93.0
(
1.2)
88.2
(
1.8)
94.5
(
0.5)
95.0
(
0.6)
95.6
(
1.3)
88.4
(
2.6)
92.6
(
0.6)
93.8
(
0.7)
90.3
(
1.9)
88.0
(
2.6)
18
and
19
years
........
59.4
(
0.9)
61.8
(
1.0)
57.5
(
2.4)
46.1
(
2.6)
59.5
(
1.2)
61.9
(
1.4)
59.2
(
3.5)
47.4
(
3.6)
59.2
(
1.2)
61.8
(
1.5)
56.1
(
3.3)
44.8
(
3.8)
20
and
21
years
........
44.9
(
0.9)
49.7
(
1.1)
37.8
(
2.5)
27.1
(
2.4)
44.7
(
1.3)
50.0
(
1.6)
36.7
(
3.7)
24.8
(
3.3)
45.1
(
1.3)
49.3
(
1.5)
38.7
(
3.3)
29.2
(
3.4)
22
to
24
years
...........
23.2
(
0.6)
24.4
(
0.7)
20.0
(
1.6)
15.6
(
1.5)
22.8
(
0.8)
24.1
(
1.0)
20.6
(
2.4)
14.8
(
2.0)
23.6
(
0.8)
24.8
(
1.0)
19.5
(
2.2)
16.6
(
2.3)
25
to
29
years
...........
11.6
(
0.3)
12.3
(
0.4)
10.0
(
0.9)
7.1
(
0.9)
11.0
(
0.5)
12.2
(
0.6)
6.3
(
1.2)
5.6
(
1.1)
12.2
(
0.5)
12.3
(
0.6)
13.0
(
1.4)
8.7
(
1.4)
30
to
34
years
...........
5.9
(
0.2)
5.7
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.8)
4.7
(
0.7)
5.4
(
0.3)
5.0
(
0.4)
6.9
(
1.1)
4.5
(
0.9)
6.5
(
0.3)
6.3
(
0.4)
8.3
(
1.1)
4.9
(
1.0)

2000
Total,
3
to
34
years
........
55.9
(
0.2)
56.0
(
0.3)
59.3
(
0.6)
51.3
(
0.6)
55.8
(
0.3)
55.8
(
0.4)
59.7
(
0.9)
50.5
(
0.9)
56.0
(
0.3)
56.1
(
0.4)
59.0
(
0.8)
52.2
(
0.9)
3
and
4
years
............
52.1
(
0.9)
54.6
(
1.2)
59.8
(
2.2)
35.9
(
1.6)
50.8
(
1.3)
54.1
(
1.7)
58.0
(
3.0)
31.9
(
2.2)
53.4
(
1.3)
55.2
(
1.7)
61.8
(
3.1)
40.0
(
2.3)
5
and
6
years
............
95.6
(
0.4)
95.5
(
0.5)
96.7
(
0.8)
94.3
(
0.8)
95.1
(
0.6)
94.5
(
0.8)
96.0
(
1.2)
95.4
(
0.9)
96.1
(
0.5)
96.4
(
0.6)
97.5
(
1.0)
93.1
(
1.2)
7
to
9
years
...............
98.1
(
0.2)
98.4
(
0.2)
97.5
(
0.5)
97.5
(
0.4)
98.0
(
0.3)
98.1
(
0.4)
98.2
(
0.6)
96.6
(
0.7)
98.2
(
0.3)
98.6
(
0.3)
96.7
(
0.9)
98.4
(
0.5)
10
to
13
years
...........
98.3
(
0.2)
98.5
(
0.2)
98.5
(
0.4)
97.4
(
0.4)
98.3
(
0.2)
98.2
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.4)
98.4
(
0.4)
98.3
(
0.2)
98.8
(
0.2)
98.1
(
0.6)
96.4
(
0.7)
14
and
15
years
........
98.7
(
0.2)
98.9
(
0.2)
99.6
(
0.3)
96.2
(
1.0)
98.7
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.3)
99.6
(
0.4)
96.9
(
1.3)
98.6
(
0.3)
99.0
(
0.3)
99.6
(
0.4)
95.4
(
1.5)
16
and
17
years
........
92.8
(
0.4)
94.0
(
0.5)
91.7
(
1.3)
87.0
(
1.8)
92.7
(
0.6)
94.7
(
0.7)
88.9
(
2.1)
85.7
(
2.6)
92.9
(
0.6)
93.3
(
0.8)
94.6
(
1.5)
88.3
(
2.4)
18
and
19
years
........
61.2
(
0.8)
63.9
(
1.0)
57.2
(
2.3)
49.5
(
2.5)
58.3
(
1.2)
61.2
(
1.5)
51.5
(
3.5)
48.0
(
3.4)
64.2
(
1.2)
66.7
(
1.4)
62.2
(
3.1)
51.1
(
3.6)
20
and
21
years
........
44.1
(
0.9)
49.2
(
1.1)
37.4
(
2.4)
26.1
(
2.2)
41.0
(
1.2)
45.8
(
1.5)
31.3
(
3.4)
24.2
(
3.0)
47.3
(
1.3)
52.7
(
1.6)
42.3
(
3.3)
28.1
(
3.3)
22
to
24
years
...........
24.6
(
0.6)
24.9
(
0.8)
24.0
(
1.8)
18.2
(
1.6)
23.9
(
0.9)
25.0
(
1.1)
22.0
(
2.5)
15.2
(
2.1)
25.3
(
0.9)
24.8
(
1.1)
25.8
(
2.5)
21.6
(
2.6)
25
to
29
years
...........
11.4
(
0.4)
11.1
(
0.5)
14.5
(
1.2)
7.4
(
0.9)
10.0
(
0.5)
10.5
(
0.6)
11.6
(
1.6)
5.1
(
1.1)
12.7
(
0.5)
11.8
(
0.7)
16.7
(
1.7)
9.5
(
1.4)
30
to
34
years
...........
6.7
(
0.3)
6.1
(
0.3)
9.9
(
1.0)
5.6
(
0.7)
5.6
(
0.4)
4.7
(
0.4)
8.5
(
1.3)
5.7
(
1.1)
7.7
(
0.4)
7.4
(
0.5)
11.2
(
1.4)
5.5
(
1.0)

NOTE:
Includes
enrollment
in
any
type
of
graded
public,
parochial,
or
other
private
schools.
Includes
nursery
schools,
kindergartens,
elementary
schools,
high
schools,
colleges
universities,
and
professional
schools.
Attendance
may
be
on
either
a
full­
time
or
part­
time
basis
and
during
the
day
or
night.
Enrollments
in
``
special''
schools,
such
as
trade
schools,
business
colleges,
or
correspondence
schools,
are
not
included.
Beginning
in
1995,
preprimary
enrollment
was
collected
using
new
procedures.
May
not
be
comparable
to
figures
for
earlier
years.
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
17
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
8.
 
Years
of
school
completed
by
persons
age
25
and
over
and
25
to
29,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
sex:
1910
to
2000
Age
and
year
Percent,
by
years
of
school
completed
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
1
Hispanic
Less
than
5
years
of
elementary
school
High
school
completion
or
higher
2
4
or
more
years
of
college
3
Less
than
5
years
of
elementary
school
High
school
completion
or
higher
2
4
or
more
years
of
college
3
Less
than
5
years
of
elementary
school
High
school
completion
or
higher
2
4
or
more
years
of
college
3
Less
than
5
years
of
elementary
school
High
school
completion
or
higher
2
4
or
more
years
of
college
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Males
and
females
25
and
over
1910
4
........................................
23.8
13.5
2.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1920
4
........................................
22.0
16.4
3.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1930
4
........................................
17.5
19.1
3.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
April
1940
..................................
13.7
24.5
4.6
10.9
26.1
4.9
41.8
7.7
1.3
 
 
 
April
1950
..................................
11.1
34.3
6.2
8.9
36.4
6.6
32.6
13.7
2.2
 
 
 
April
1960
..................................
8.3
41.1
7.7
6.7
43.2
8.1
23.5
21.7
3.5
 
 
 
March
1970
...............................
5.3
55.2
11.0
4.2
57.4
11.6
14.7
36.1
6.1
 
 
 
March
1980
...............................
3.4
68.6
17.0
1.9
71.9
18.4
9.1
51.4
7.9
15.8
44.5
7.6
March
1985
...............................
2.7
73.9
19.4
1.4
77.5
20.8
6.1
59.9
11.1
13.5
47.9
8.5
March
1989
...............................
2.5
76.9
21.1
1.2
80.7
22.8
5.2
64.7
11.7
12.2
50.9
9.9
March
1990
...............................
2.5
77.6
21.3
1.1
81.4
23.1
5.1
66.2
11.3
12.3
50.8
9.2
March
1991
...............................
2.4
78.4
21.4
1.1
82.4
23.3
4.7
66.8
11.5
12.5
51.3
9.7
March
1992
...............................
2.1
79.4
21.4
0.9
83.4
23.2
3.9
67.7
11.9
11.8
52.6
9.3
March
1993
...............................
2.1
80.2
21.9
0.8
84.1
23.8
3.7
70.5
12.2
11.8
53.1
9.0
March
1994
...............................
1.9
80.9
22.2
0.8
84.9
24.3
2.7
73.0
12.9
10.8
53.3
9.1
March
1995
...............................
1.9
81.7
23.0
0.7
85.9
23.4
2.5
73.8
13.3
10.6
53.4
9.3
March
1996
...............................
1.8
81.7
23.6
0.6
86.0
25.9
2.2
74.6
13.8
10.4
53.1
9.3
March
1997
...............................
1.7
82.1
23.9
0.6
86.3
26.2
2.0
75.3
13.3
9.4
54.7
10.3
March
1998
...............................
1.7
82.8
24.4
0.6
87.1
26.6
1.7
76.4
14.8
9.3
55.5
11.0
March
1999
...............................
1.6
83.4
25.2
0.6
87.7
27.7
1.8
77.4
15.5
9.0
56.1
10.9
March
2000
...............................
1.6
84.1
25.6
0.5
88.4
28.1
1.6
78.9
16.6
8.7
57.0
10.6
25
to
29
1920
4
........................................
 
 
 
12.9
22.0
4.5
44.6
6.3
1.2
 
 
 
April
1940
..................................
5.9
38.1
5.9
3.4
41.2
6.4
27.0
12.3
1.6
 
 
 
April
1950
..................................
4.6
52.8
7.7
3.3
56.3
8.2
16.1
23.6
2.8
 
 
 
April
1960
..................................
2.8
60.7
11.0
2.2
63.7
11.8
7.2
38.6
5.4
 
 
 
March
1970
...............................
1.1
75.4
16.4
0.9
77.8
17.3
2.2
58.4
10.0
 
 
 
March
1980
...............................
0.8
85.4
22.5
0.3
89.2
25.0
0.7
76.7
11.6
6.7
58.0
7.7
March
1985
...............................
0.7
86.1
22.2
0.2
89.5
24.4
0.4
80.5
11.6
6.0
60.9
11.1
March
1989
...............................
1.0
85.5
23.4
0.3
89.3
26.3
0.5
82.3
12.7
5.4
61.0
10.1
March
1990
...............................
1.2
85.7
23.2
0.3
90.1
26.4
1.0
81.7
13.4
7.3
58.2
8.2
March
1991
...............................
1.0
85.4
23.2
0.3
89.8
26.7
0.5
81.8
11.0
5.8
56.7
9.2
March
1992
...............................
0.9
86.3
23.6
0.3
90.7
27.2
0.8
80.9
11.1
5.2
60.9
9.5
March
1993
...............................
0.7
86.7
23.7
0.3
91.2
27.2
0.2
82.7
13.3
4.0
60.9
8.3
March
1994
...............................
0.8
86.1
23.3
0.3
91.1
27.1
0.6
84.1
13.6
3.6
60.3
8.0
March
1995
...............................
1.0
86.9
24.7
0.3
92.5
28.8
0.2
86.7
15.4
4.9
57.2
8.9
March
1996
...............................
0.8
87.3
27.1
0.2
92.6
31.6
0.4
86.0
14.6
4.3
61.1
10.0
March
1997
...............................
0.8
87.4
27.8
0.1
92.9
32.6
0.6
86.9
14.2
4.2
61.8
11.0
March
1998
...............................
0.7
88.1
27.3
0.1
93.6
32.3
0.4
88.3
15.8
3.7
62.8
10.4
March
1999
...............................
0.6
87.8
28.2
0.1
93.0
33.6
0.2
88.7
15.0
3.2
61.6
8.9
March
2000
...............................
0.7
88.1
29.1
0.1
94.0
34.0
 
86.8
17.8
3.8
62.8
9.7
Males
25
and
over
April
1940
..................................
15.1
22.7
5.5
12.0
24.2
5.9
46.2
6.9
1.4
 
 
 
April
1950
..................................
12.2
32.6
7.3
9.8
34.6
7.9
36.9
12.6
2.1
 
 
 
April
1960
..................................
9.4
39.5
9.7
7.4
41.6
10.3
27.7
20.0
3.5
 
 
 
March
1970
...............................
5.9
55.0
14.1
4.5
57.2
15.0
17.9
35.4
6.8
 
 
 
March
1980
...............................
3.6
69.2
20.9
2.0
72.4
22.8
11.3
51.2
7.7
16.5
44.9
9.2
March
1990
...............................
2.7
77.7
24.4
1.3
81.6
26.7
6.4
65.8
11.9
12.9
50.3
9.8
March
1994
...............................
2.1
81.1
25.1
0.8
85.1
27.8
3.9
71.8
12.7
11.4
53.4
9.6
March
1995
...............................
2.0
81.7
26.0
0.8
86.0
28.9
3.4
73.5
13.7
10.8
52.9
10.1
March
1996
...............................
1.9
81.9
26.0
0.7
86.1
28.8
2.9
74.6
12.5
10.2
53.0
10.3
March
1997
...............................
1.8
82.0
26.2
0.6
86.3
29.0
2.9
73.8
12.5
9.2
54.9
10.6
March
1998
...............................
1.7
82.8
26.5
0.7
87.1
29.3
2.3
75.4
14.0
9.3
55.7
11.1
March
1999
...............................
1.6
83.5
27.5
0.6
87.7
30.6
2.1
77.2
14.3
9.0
56.0
10.7
March
2000
...............................
1.6
84.2
27.8
0.6
88.5
30.8
2.1
79.1
16.4
8.2
56.6
10.7
Females
25
and
over
April
1940
..................................
12.4
26.3
3.8
9.8
28.1
4.0
37.5
8.4
1.2
 
 
 
April
1950
..................................
10.0
36.0
5.2
8.1
38.2
5.4
28.6
14.7
2.4
 
 
 
April
1960
..................................
7.4
42.5
5.8
6.0
44.7
6.0
19.7
23.1
3.6
 
 
 
March
1970
...............................
4.7
55.4
8.2
3.9
57.7
8.6
11.9
36.6
5.6
 
 
 
March
1980
...............................
3.2
68.1
13.6
1.8
71.5
14.4
7.4
51.5
8.1
15.3
44.2
6.2
March
1990
...............................
2.2
77.5
18.4
1.0
81.3
19.8
4.1
66.5
10.8
11.7
51.3
8.7
March
1994
...............................
1.7
80.8
19.6
0.7
84.7
21.1
1.8
73.9
13.1
10.3
53.2
8.6
March
1995
...............................
1.7
81.6
20.2
0.6
85.8
22.2
1.8
74.1
13.0
10.4
53.8
8.4
March
1996
...............................
1.7
81.6
21.4
0.5
85.9
23.2
1.6
74.6
14.8
10.6
53.3
8.3
March
1997
...............................
1.6
82.2
21.7
0.5
86.3
23.7
1.3
76.5
14.0
9.5
54.6
10.1
March
1998
...............................
1.6
82.9
22.4
0.6
87.1
24.1
1.2
77.1
15.5
9.2
55.3
10.9
March
1999
...............................
1.6
83.4
23.1
0.5
87.7
25.0
1.5
77.5
16.5
9.0
56.3
11.0
March
2000
...............................
1.5
84.0
23.6
0.4
88.4
25.5
1.1
78.7
16.8
9.3
57.5
10.6
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin
for
years
prior
to
1980.

2
Data
for
years
prior
to
1993
include
all
persons
with
at
least
4
years
of
high
school.

3
Data
for
1993
and
later
years
are
for
persons
with
a
bachelor's
or
higher
degree.

4
Estimates
based
on
Bureau
of
the
Census
retrojection
of
1940
Census
data
on
education
by
age.
NOTE:
Data
for
1980
and
subsequent
years
are
for
the
noninstitutional
population.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
U.
S.
Census
of
Population,
1960,
Volume
1,
part
1;
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
20
and
unpublished
data;
and
1960
Census
Monograph,
``
Education
of
the
American
Population,''
by
John
K.
Folger
and
Charles
B.
Nam.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
18
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
9.
 
Highest
level
of
education
attained
by
persons
age
18
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity:
March
2000
[
In
thousands]

Age,
sex,
and
race
Total
population
Elementary
level
High
school
College
Less
than
7
years
7
or
8
years
1
to
3
years
4
years
Graduate
Some
college
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Professional
Doctorate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
18
and
over
......................................................
201,762
6,684
6,249
18,394
2,760
66,141
39,940
14,715
31,708
10,527
2,613
2,032
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
8,091
90
100
2,961
412
2,294
2,201
25
 
4
 
4
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
18,441
311
253
1,731
376
5,761
6,985
998
1,867
127
27
4
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
175,230
6,283
5,896
13,702
1,973
58,086
30,753
13,692
29,840
10,396
2,586
2,023
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
18,268
426
265
1,274
210
5,435
3,762
1,588
4,313
735
184
75
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
19,518
466
264
1,286
283
6,111
3,614
1,735
4,250
1,043
294
172
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
22,320
550
278
1,475
273
7,522
4,097
2,015
4,245
1,320
319
226
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
42,233
1,109
664
2,436
389
13,743
7,829
4,087
7,785
2,982
654
554
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
29,750
988
725
2,068
253
9,764
5,383
2,251
4,813
2,423
573
509
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
10,519
522
480
1,130
94
3,810
1,587
625
1,302
680
169
122
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
32,621
2,222
3,220
4,032
471
11,701
4,481
1,391
3,133
1,213
393
364
Males
18
and
over
......................................................
96,901
3,330
3,041
8,946
1,362
30,790
18,920
6,460
15,652
5,205
1,762
1,433
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
4,082
59
69
1,654
180
1,145
954
18
 
 
 
4
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
9,208
193
133
977
199
2,994
3,426
490
743
39
10
4
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
83,611
3,078
2,839
6,315
983
26,651
14,540
5,952
14,909
5,166
1,752
1,425
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
8,942
220
154
705
107
2,831
1,770
657
2,079
287
96
36
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
9,621
255
120
660
164
3,158
1,713
730
2,055
514
145
106
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
11,032
289
157
707
153
3,861
1,978
871
2,018
654
185
158
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
20,757
587
323
1,216
219
6,787
3,788
1,820
3,761
1,461
441
355
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
14,340
448
367
944
114
4,179
2,600
1,044
2,622
1,236
425
362
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
5,032
273
258
513
39
1,609
745
311
694
359
136
94
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
13,886
1,006
1,460
1,570
186
4,225
1,947
519
1,679
655
324
313
Females
18
and
over
......................................................
104,861
3,354
3,208
9,448
1,398
35,350
21,019
8,255
16,056
5,322
852
599
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
4,009
32
31
1,307
231
1,149
1,247
7
 
4
 
 
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
9,233
117
121
754
177
2,767
3,559
509
1,125
88
17
 
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
91,620
3,204
3,057
7,387
990
31,435
16,213
7,740
14,931
5,230
834
599
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
9,326
207
111
569
102
2,604
1,992
931
2,234
449
89
39
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
9,896
211
144
626
118
2,953
1,901
1,005
2,194
529
149
67
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
11,288
261
121
768
120
3,661
2,119
1,144
2,226
666
134
69
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
21,476
522
341
1,220
171
6,956
4,041
2,267
4,024
1,521
214
200
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
15,410
540
358
1,125
139
5,584
2,784
1,207
2,191
1,187
148
147
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
5,487
248
222
617
55
2,201
842
314
608
320
32
27
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
18,735
1,215
1,760
2,462
285
7,476
2,534
871
1,454
558
69
51
White,
non­
Hispanic
18
and
over
......................................................
148,091
1,690
4,024
11,136
1,428
49,806
30,037
11,675
25,797
8,640
2,200
1,659
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
5,269
24
40
1,852
213
1,541
1,585
10
 
 
 
4
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
12,039
25
90
770
130
3,711
4,988
739
1,466
97
24
 
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
130,783
1,640
3,894
8,515
1,085
44,554
23,464
10,926
24,331
8,543
2,176
1,656
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
11,890
24
73
539
73
3,559
2,431
1,144
3,358
519
118
52
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
13,090
33
90
565
121
3,997
2,432
1,264
3,461
777
228
122
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
15,647
50
107
826
141
5,376
2,882
1,543
3,235
1,076
263
149
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
31,525
180
316
1,429
200
10,359
5,876
3,364
6,298
2,478
563
463
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
23,089
216
416
1,230
145
7,749
4,455
1,870
4,032
2,041
486
449
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
8,355
178
316
779
60
3,181
1,328
535
1,129
591
148
110
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
27,187
960
2,576
3,148
345
10,334
4,061
1,206
2,818
1,061
368
310
Black,
non­
Hispanic
18
and
over
......................................................
23,308
637
721
3,303
560
8,195
5,042
1,449
2,389
828
113
72
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
1,172
9
13
468
98
368
210
6
 
 
 
 
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
2,691
4
27
401
93
955
927
113
154
8
3
4
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
19,445
624
680
2,434
369
6,872
3,904
1,330
2,234
820
110
68
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
2,402
3
30
243
40
819
642
196
341
66
18
4
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
2,534
17
14
188
51
1,032
566
215
335
102
10
5
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
2,812
11
21
223
58
1,037
679
224
444
92
9
14
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
5,001
71
66
501
78
1,862
1,128
388
621
230
38
18
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
2,968
55
85
496
45
1,058
501
185
313
199
19
13
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
1,009
48
80
203
27
325
160
42
64
50
8
2
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
2,719
419
384
580
70
740
227
81
118
81
7
11
Hispanic
18
and
over
......................................................
21,109
3,873
1,310
3,303
597
5,966
3,196
959
1,332
372
117
84
18
and
19
years
old
....................................
1,204
57
46
511
65
277
245
3
 
 
 
 
20
to
24
years
old
.......................................
2,755
275
124
507
132
898
639
97
83
 
 
 
25
years
old
and
over
.................................
17,150
3,540
1,140
2,286
401
4,791
2,313
858
1,249
372
117
84
25
to
29
years
old
....................................
2,831
381
152
433
88
849
494
162
214
38
19
2
30
to
34
years
old
....................................
2,829
407
148
470
96
850
411
171
210
38
13
13
35
to
39
years
old
....................................
2,810
453
131
394
53
880
389
160
252
68
22
9
40
to
49
years
old
....................................
3,744
771
251
413
78
1,025
550
189
303
114
28
24
50
to
59
years
old
....................................
2,429
621
200
270
42
627
286
101
160
78
26
19
60
to
64
years
old
....................................
755
246
67
101
5
201
60
23
31
14
3
4
65
years
old
and
over
..............................
1,752
661
191
206
39
359
123
52
79
22
7
13
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Total
population
is
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
the
noninstitutional
population.
Although
cells
with
fewer
than
75,000
people
are
subject
to
relatively
wide
sampling
variation,
they
are
included
in
the
table
to
permit
various
types
of
aggregations.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
19
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
10.
 
Number
of
persons
age
18
and
over
who
hold
a
bachelor's
or
higher
degree,
by
field
of
study,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
age:
1996
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Field
of
study
Total
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Age
Males
Females
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black
Hispanic
18
to
29
years
old
30
to
49
years
old
50
years
and
over
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
population,
18
and
over
.........................................
196,121
94,092
102,029
148,397
22,813
18,081
43,775
83,107
69,238
Number
of
persons
with
bachelor's
or
higher
degree
..........
40,543
21,084
19,459
34,090
2,640
1,515
6,787
21,976
11,780
Percent
of
population
............................................................
20.7
22.4
19.1
23.0
11.6
8.4
15.5
26.4
17.0
Agriculture
..................................................................................
484
421
63
414
18
27
51
276
156
Architecture
................................................................................
1,118
490
627
960
27
50
236
601
281
Business
....................................................................................
8,019
5,241
2,778
6,726
606
286
1,333
4,790
1,897
Communications
........................................................................
895
452
443
773
56
39
281
514
100
Computer
...................................................................................
913
621
292
704
91
41
172
659
83
Education
...................................................................................
6,785
1,737
5,049
5,806
553
281
701
3,315
2,768
Engineering
................................................................................
2,913
2,656
256
2,452
74
61
425
1,480
1,009
Literature
....................................................................................
1,093
315
777
955
46
46
231
491
370
Foreign
language
.......................................................................
297
79
218
246
11
18
56
126
114
Health
sciences
.........................................................................
1,611
295
1,316
1,301
108
55
339
894
378
Law
............................................................................................
1,127
889
237
1,024
47
29
85
691
351
Liberal
arts
.................................................................................
2,030
883
1,149
1,670
139
96
404
1,011
616
Mathematics
...............................................................................
736
479
257
612
79
23
134
394
209
Medicine
and
dentistry
...............................................................
996
731
265
794
7
72
85
559
352
Natural
science
..........................................................................
1,928
1,092
835
1,599
81
61
413
990
525
Nursing,
public
health
................................................................
424
65
359
377
23
5
18
245
160
Philosophy
.................................................................................
610
489
121
532
30
18
88
260
260
Pre­
professional
.........................................................................
147
66
80
101
22
21
60
51
35
Psychology
.................................................................................
1,350
493
857
1,130
110
51
319
735
295
Social
sciences
..........................................................................
1,795
815
979
1,494
173
49
364
944
485
Other
fields
................................................................................
5,273
2,774
2,500
4,419
342
187
988
2,947
1,338
Percentage
distribution
of
degree
holders,
by
field
Total
................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Agriculture
..................................................................................
1.2
2.0
0.3
1.2
0.7
1.8
0.8
1.3
1.3
Architecture
................................................................................
2.8
2.3
3.2
2.8
1.0
3.3
3.5
2.7
2.4
Business
....................................................................................
19.8
24.9
14.3
19.7
23.0
18.9
19.6
21.8
16.1
Communications
........................................................................
2.2
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.1
2.6
4.1
2.3
0.8
Computer
...................................................................................
2.3
2.9
1.5
2.1
3.4
2.7
2.5
3.0
0.7
Education
...................................................................................
16.7
8.2
25.9
17.0
20.9
18.5
10.3
15.1
23.5
Engineering
................................................................................
7.2
12.6
1.3
7.2
2.8
4.0
6.3
6.7
8.6
Literature
....................................................................................
2.7
1.5
4.0
2.8
1.7
3.0
3.4
2.2
3.1
Foreign
language
.......................................................................
0.7
0.4
1.1
0.7
0.4
1.2
0.8
0.6
1.0
Health
sciences
.........................................................................
4.0
1.4
6.8
3.8
4.1
3.6
5.0
4.1
3.2
Law
............................................................................................
2.8
4.2
1.2
3.0
1.8
1.9
1.3
3.1
3.0
Liberal
arts
.................................................................................
5.0
4.2
5.9
4.9
5.3
6.3
6.0
4.6
5.2
Mathematics
...............................................................................
1.8
2.3
1.3
1.8
3.0
1.5
2.0
1.8
1.8
Medicine
and
dentistry
...............................................................
2.5
3.5
1.4
2.3
0.3
4.8
1.3
2.5
3.0
Natural
science
..........................................................................
4.8
5.2
4.3
4.7
3.1
4.0
6.1
4.5
4.5
Nursing,
public
health
................................................................
1.0
0.3
1.8
1.1
0.9
0.3
0.3
1.1
1.4
Philosophy
.................................................................................
1.5
2.3
0.6
1.6
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.2
2.2
Pre­
professional
.........................................................................
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.8
1.4
0.9
0.2
0.3
Psychology
.................................................................................
3.3
2.3
4.4
3.3
4.2
3.4
4.7
3.3
2.5
Social
sciences
..........................................................................
4.4
3.9
5.0
4.4
6.6
3.2
5.4
4.3
4.1
Other
fields
................................................................................
13.0
13.2
12.8
13.0
13.0
12.3
14.6
13.4
11.4
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Survey
of
Income
and
Program
Participation,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
20
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
11.
 
Educational
attainment
of
persons
18
years
old
and
over,
by
state:
1990
to
2000
State
Distribution
of
population,
25
years
old
and
over,
by
education
level,
1990
Percent
of
population,
25
years
old
and
over,
by
education
level,
2000
Percent
of
18­
to
24­
year­
olds
who
are
high
school
graduates
1
Percent
less
than
high
school
Percent
high
school
diploma
or
higher
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
or
higher
Percent
with
high
school
diploma
or
higher
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
or
higher
1993
 
95
1997
 
99
Total
Bachelor's
degree
Graduate
or
professional
degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
..................................
24.8
75.2
20.3
13.1
7.2
84.1
 
25.6
 
85.3
(
0.2)
85.5
(
0.2)

Alabama
...............................................
33.1
66.9
15.7
10.1
5.5
77.5
(
1.2)
20.4
(
1.2)
84.0
(
1.7)
83.1
(
1.6)
Alaska
..................................................
13.4
86.6
23.0
15.0
8.0
90.4
(
1.0)
28.1
(
1.6)
90.5
(
3.9)
90.8
(
3.7)
Arizona
.................................................
21.3
78.7
20.3
13.3
7.0
85.1
(
1.0)
24.6
(
1.2)
84.0
(
1.8)
75.0
(
1.7)
Arkansas
..............................................
33.7
66.3
13.3
8.9
4.5
81.7
(
1.1)
18.4
(
1.1)
88.4
(
2.0)
82.9
(
2.2)
California
..............................................
23.8
76.2
23.4
15.3
8.1
81.2
(
0.5)
27.5
(
0.5)
78.9
(
0.7)
81.5
(
0.6)

Colorado
...............................................
15.6
84.4
27.0
18.0
9.0
89.7
(
0.9)
34.6
(
1.3)
88.4
(
1.6)
83.3
(
1.8)
Connecticut
..........................................
20.8
79.2
27.2
16.2
11.0
88.2
(
1.0)
31.6
(
1.5)
94.7
(
1.3)
90.1
(
1.7)
Delaware
..............................................
22.5
77.5
21.4
13.7
7.7
86.1
(
1.3)
24.0
(
1.5)
93.3
(
2.8)
89.1
(
3.5)
District
of
Columbia
..............................
26.9
73.1
33.3
16.1
17.2
83.2
(
1.3)
38.3
(
1.8)
87.7
(
4.1)
87.2
(
4.0)
Florida
..................................................
25.6
74.4
18.3
12.0
6.3
84.0
(
0.6)
22.8
(
0.7)
80.7
(
1.0)
84.8
(
0.9)

Georgia
................................................
29.1
70.9
19.3
12.9
6.4
82.6
(
1.0)
23.1
(
1.1)
80.3
(
1.4)
83.7
(
1.3)
Hawaii
..................................................
19.9
80.1
22.9
15.8
7.1
87.4
(
1.2)
26.3
(
1.6)
92.0
(
2.5)
90.7
(
2.5)
Idaho
....................................................
20.3
79.7
17.7
12.4
5.3
86.2
(
1.0)
20.0
(
1.2)
86.4
(
3.0)
85.5
(
2.8)
Illinois
...................................................
23.8
76.2
21.0
13.6
7.5
85.5
(
0.6)
27.1
(
0.8)
86.7
(
0.9)
86.2
(
0.9)
Indiana
.................................................
24.4
75.6
15.6
9.2
6.4
84.6
(
1.1)
17.1
(
1.1)
88.5
(
1.2)
88.6
(
1.3)

Iowa
......................................................
19.9
80.1
16.9
11.7
5.2
89.7
(
0.9)
25.5
(
1.3)
93.2
(
1.3)
88.2
(
1.9)
Kansas
.................................................
18.7
81.3
21.1
14.1
7.0
88.1
(
1.0)
27.3
(
1.3)
90.9
(
1.7)
91.6
(
1.5)
Kentucky
..............................................
35.4
64.6
13.6
8.1
5.5
78.7
(
1.2)
20.5
(
1.2)
82.4
(
2.0)
86.6
(
1.7)
Louisiana
..............................................
31.7
68.3
16.1
10.5
5.6
80.8
(
1.2)
22.5
(
1.3)
80.5
(
1.9)
82.1
(
1.6)
Maine
...................................................
21.2
78.8
18.8
12.7
6.1
89.3
(
1.0)
24.1
(
1.4)
92.9
(
2.3)
92.9
(
2.3)

Maryland
..............................................
21.6
78.4
26.5
15.6
10.9
85.7
(
1.2)
32.3
(
1.6)
93.6
(
1.1)
90.1
(
1.4)
Massachusetts
.....................................
20.0
80.0
27.2
16.6
10.6
85.1
(
0.8)
32.7
(
1.0)
92.5
(
1.1)
90.1
(
1.2)
Michigan
...............................................
23.2
76.8
17.4
10.9
6.4
86.2
(
0.7)
23.0
(
0.8)
88.7
(
1.0)
90.1
(
0.9)
Minnesota
.............................................
17.6
82.4
21.8
15.6
6.3
90.8
(
0.9)
31.2
(
1.3)
93.3
(
1.1)
90.4
(
1.3)
Mississippi
............................................
35.7
64.3
14.7
9.7
5.1
80.3
(
1.2)
18.7
(
1.2)
83.9
(
2.1)
82.1
(
2.1)

Missouri
................................................
26.1
73.9
17.8
11.7
6.1
86.6
(
1.0)
26.2
(
1.3)
90.3
(
1.3)
91.6
(
1.2)
Montana
...............................................
19.0
81.0
19.8
14.1
5.7
89.6
(
0.9)
23.8
(
1.2)
89.8
(
3.5)
91.0
(
2.7)
Nebraska
..............................................
18.2
81.8
18.9
13.1
5.9
90.4
(
0.9)
24.6
(
1.3)
94.5
(
1.7)
91.5
(
1.9)
Nevada
.................................................
21.2
78.8
15.3
10.1
5.2
82.8
(
1.2)
19.3
(
1.3)
81.9
(
3.4)
74.5
(
3.1)
New
Hampshire
...................................
17.8
82.2
24.4
16.4
7.9
88.1
(
1.2)
30.1
(
1.6)
86.9
(
3.2)
87.3
(
3.3)

New
Jersey
..........................................
23.3
76.7
24.9
16.0
8.8
87.3
(
0.6)
30.1
(
0.9)
91.8
(
1.0)
90.2
(
1.0)
New
Mexico
.........................................
24.9
75.1
20.4
12.1
8.3
82.2
(
1.2)
23.6
(
1.3)
82.4
(
3.0)
82.7
(
2.7)
New
York
.............................................
25.2
74.8
23.1
13.2
9.9
82.5
(
0.5)
28.7
(
0.6)
87.1
(
0.8)
85.2
(
0.8)
North
Carolina
......................................
30.0
70.0
17.4
12.0
5.4
79.2
(
1.0)
23.2
(
1.0)
85.5
(
1.3)
86.1
(
1.1)
North
Dakota
........................................
23.3
76.7
18.1
13.5
4.5
85.5
(
1.0)
22.6
(
1.2)
96.6
(
2.1)
93.6
(
2.8)

Ohio
......................................................
24.3
75.7
17.0
11.1
5.9
87.0
(
0.6)
24.6
(
0.8)
88.4
(
0.9)
89.3
(
0.9)
Oklahoma
.............................................
25.4
74.6
17.8
11.8
6.0
86.1
(
0.9)
22.5
(
1.1)
87.0
(
1.9)
85.4
(
1.9)
Oregon
.................................................
18.5
81.5
20.6
13.6
7.0
88.1
(
1.0)
27.2
(
1.3)
82.7
(
2.1)
78.5
(
2.1)
Pennsylvania
........................................
25.3
74.7
17.9
11.3
6.6
85.7
(
0.6)
24.3
(
0.7)
89.5
(
0.9)
87.6
(
0.9)
Rhode
Island
........................................
28.0
72.0
21.3
13.5
7.8
81.3
(
1.3)
26.4
(
1.5)
89.4
(
3.3)
86.7
(
3.3)

South
Carolina
.....................................
31.7
68.3
16.6
11.2
5.4
83.0
(
1.2)
19.0
(
1.3)
88.0
(
1.6)
86.9
(
1.7)
South
Dakota
.......................................
22.9
77.1
17.2
12.3
4.9
91.8
(
0.9)
25.7
(
1.3)
91.5
(
3.3)
91.5
(
2.8)
Tennessee
...........................................
32.9
67.1
16.0
10.5
5.4
79.9
(
1.2)
22.0
(
1.3)
84.6
(
1.5)
89.5
(
1.3)
Texas
...................................................
27.9
72.1
20.3
13.9
6.5
79.2
(
0.6)
23.9
(
0.6)
79.5
(
0.9)
79.2
(
0.9)
Utah
......................................................
14.9
85.1
22.3
15.4
6.8
90.7
(
0.9)
26.4
(
1.3)
93.6
(
1.5)
89.7
(
1.6)

Vermont
................................................
19.2
80.8
24.3
15.4
8.9
90.0
(
1.2)
28.8
(
1.7)
88.1
(
4.3)
95.3
(
2.8)
Virginia
.................................................
24.8
75.2
24.5
15.4
9.1
86.6
(
1.0)
31.9
(
1.3)
87.7
(
1.2)
87.0
(
1.3)
Washington
..........................................
16.2
83.8
22.9
15.9
7.0
91.8
(
0.9)
28.6
(
1.5)
85.7
(
1.4)
87.0
(
1.3)
West
Virginia
........................................
34.0
66.0
12.3
7.5
4.8
77.1
(
1.2)
15.3
(
1.0)
86.8
(
2.4)
89.2
(
2.2)
Wisconsin
.............................................
21.4
78.6
17.7
12.1
5.6
86.7
(
1.0)
23.8
(
1.2)
93.7
(
1.0)
90.6
(
1.2)
Wyoming
..............................................
17.0
83.0
18.8
13.1
5.7
90.0
(
0.9)
20.6
(
1.2)
90.8
(
4.0)
87.8
(
4.4)

 
Not
available.

1
Excludes
students
still
enrolled
in
high
school.
Data
reflect
3­
year
averages.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
``
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States,''
various
years;
Decennial
Census
Minority
Economic
Profiles,
unpublished
data;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Dropout
Rates
in
the
United
States,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
21
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
12.
 
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
state
and
race/
ethnicity:
April
1990
State
Percent
with
high
school
diploma
or
higher
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
or
higher
Total
White
1
Black
1
Hispanic
2
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
1
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
1
Total
White
1
Black
1
Hispanic
2
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
1
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
......................
75.2
77.9
63.1
49.8
77.5
65.5
20.3
21.5
11.4
9.2
36.6
9.3
Alabama
...................................
66.9
70.3
54.6
73.8
78.9
64.9
15.7
17.3
9.3
20.1
43.7
11.6
Alaska
......................................
86.6
91.1
88.2
80.4
75.4
63.1
23.0
26.8
14.1
14.6
20.5
4.1
Arizona
.....................................
78.7
82.4
75.1
51.7
80.2
52.1
20.3
22.2
14.3
6.9
37.5
4.6
Arkansas
..................................
66.3
68.6
51.5
59.1
66.4
65.4
13.3
14.1
8.4
11.1
24.6
9.8
California
..................................
76.2
81.1
75.6
45.0
77.2
71.4
23.4
25.4
14.8
7.1
34.1
11.1
Colorado
..................................
84.4
86.1
80.8
58.3
78.3
73.9
27.0
28.3
17.1
8.6
32.1
12.1
Connecticut
..............................
79.2
80.9
67.0
53.5
81.9
68.9
27.2
28.5
12.3
12.1
50.8
12.5
Delaware
..................................
77.5
80.3
63.2
60.1
86.1
62.0
21.4
23.0
10.6
16.5
55.9
10.2
District
of
Columbia
.................
73.1
93.1
63.8
52.6
80.2
66.3
33.3
69.0
15.3
24.0
50.9
17.7
Florida
......................................
74.4
77.0
56.4
57.2
77.8
68.2
18.3
19.3
9.8
14.2
33.6
11.5
Georgia
....................................
70.9
74.9
58.6
66.2
77.5
71.6
19.3
21.8
11.0
20.5
38.6
12.5
Hawaii
......................................
80.1
89.3
94.2
73.9
74.7
84.4
22.9
30.2
15.2
10.3
19.4
17.7
Idaho
........................................
79.7
80.9
82.8
43.4
80.3
68.1
17.7
18.0
15.8
6.6
27.6
7.2
Illinois
.......................................
76.2
79.1
65.2
45.0
83.9
71.4
21.0
22.4
11.4
8.0
49.8
13.4
Indiana
.....................................
75.6
76.5
65.4
62.6
85.8
65.0
15.6
17.6
9.3
10.8
53.1
8.4
Iowa
.........................................
80.1
80.3
70.1
64.2
76.4
67.6
16.9
16.7
12.8
13.7
47.3
9.7
Kansas
.....................................
81.3
82.4
71.0
58.1
73.6
75.4
21.1
21.7
11.6
10.1
39.9
10.8
Kentucky
..................................
64.6
64.7
61.7
74.0
77.9
59.8
13.6
13.9
7.7
18.9
44.2
8.0
Louisiana
.................................
68.3
74.2
53.1
67.6
68.1
49.1
16.1
18.7
9.1
16.6
31.4
5.5
Maine
.......................................
78.8
78.9
87.6
83.8
74.3
69.9
18.8
18.8
22.3
23.6
44.9
7.7
Maryland
..................................
78.4
80.8
70.6
70.3
84.8
73.4
26.5
28.9
16.1
25.2
50.3
19.7
Massachusetts
.........................
80.0
81.2
70.0
52.0
74.1
71.1
27.2
27.7
17.0
13.6
44.9
14.9
Michigan
..................................
76.8
78.6
64.9
60.9
83.3
67.8
17.4
18.1
10.1
11.6
54.1
7.6
Minnesota
................................
82.4
82.8
76.2
71.1
69.7
68.2
21.8
21.9
17.5
17.2
33.5
7.7
Mississippi
...............................
64.3
71.7
47.3
67.7
68.2
57.4
14.7
17.2
8.8
17.1
35.1
8.1
Missouri
...................................
73.9
74.9
65.1
71.0
81.5
65.1
17.8
18.3
11.2
18.0
47.3
11.0
Montana
...................................
81.0
81.7
80.9
66.4
78.5
68.1
19.8
20.3
18.4
10.9
32.1
7.9
Nebraska
.................................
81.8
82.4
73.2
60.0
80.0
69.0
18.9
19.2
12.4
9.4
39.5
8.8
Nevada
....................................
78.8
80.9
70.8
53.7
74.1
69.8
15.3
15.9
9.0
7.0
21.9
8.0
New
Hampshire
.......................
82.2
82.2
86.1
78.2
82.7
65.9
24.4
24.2
25.7
25.5
26.1
16.0
New
Jersey
..............................
76.7
78.6
67.0
53.9
86.8
66.9
24.9
25.8
13.6
10.8
57.1
14.8
New
Mexico
.............................
75.1
78.6
74.7
59.6
80.8
58.2
20.4
23.4
14.2
8.7
38.7
5.8
New
York
.................................
76.7
78.5
64.7
50.4
72.4
65.2
23.1
25.3
12.6
9.3
38.7
13.4
North
Carolina
.........................
70.0
73.1
58.1
71.0
77.9
51.5
17.4
19.3
9.5
17.9
39.3
7.9
North
Dakota
...........................
76.7
76.9
95.9
75.2
83.7
64.3
18.1
18.3
17.1
15.9
37.8
8.3
Ohio
.........................................
75.7
76.9
64.6
63.3
83.5
65.3
17.0
17.6
9.1
14.2
53.2
8.3
Oklahoma
................................
74.6
75.7
70.1
55.9
76.1
68.1
17.8
18.7
12.0
10.5
34.7
10.8
Oregon
.....................................
81.5
82.3
75.0
53.0
79.4
71.0
20.6
20.8
9.1
10.1
32.3
8.3
Pennsylvania
...........................
74.7
75.9
63.5
52.2
77.1
67.8
17.9
18.5
10.0
11.8
45.2
12.0
Rhode
Island
...........................
72.0
73.0
65.9
46.8
59.6
64.5
21.3
21.8
12.7
8.9
30.6
8.3
South
Carolina
.........................
68.3
73.6
53.3
71.8
77.4
62.5
16.6
19.8
7.6
19.8
34.4
10.9
South
Dakota
...........................
77.1
77.8
82.2
71.3
74.3
62.5
17.2
17.6
24.1
13.4
33.1
6.8
Tennessee
...............................
67.1
68.2
59.4
71.5
79.3
63.1
16.0
16.7
10.2
21.9
42.6
10.5
Texas
.......................................
72.1
76.2
66.1
44.6
79.1
70.9
20.3
22.6
12.0
7.3
41.3
13.9
Utah
.........................................
85.1
86.2
77.0
61.0
80.7
59.3
22.3
22.7
15.9
9.1
29.4
6.4
Vermont
...................................
80.8
80.8
82.9
84.7
87.1
66.8
24.3
24.2
30.5
28.2
52.1
11.1
Virginia
.....................................
75.2
78.3
60.3
70.5
82.1
70.7
24.5
27.0
11.1
22.4
40.2
14.7
Washington
..............................
83.8
85.0
81.2
56.7
77.3
72.3
22.9
23.3
15.4
11.0
30.2
9.1
West
Virginia
...........................
66.0
66.0
64.7
70.3
88.8
57.9
12.3
12.2
10.9
17.6
63.3
6.5
Wisconsin
................................
78.6
79.6
61.3
54.1
71.5
66.8
17.7
18.1
8.3
10.0
40.4
5.5
Wyoming
..................................
83.0
83.9
81.2
59.3
77.5
68.2
18.8
19.3
9.5
4.8
28.6
6.2
1
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
2
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Decennial
Census,
Minority
Economic
Profiles,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1993.)
22
ALL
LEVELS:
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Table
13.
 
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
for
the
25
largest
states,
by
sex:
March
2000
State
Number
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over
(
in
thousands)
Percent
high
school
completion
or
higher
Percent
completed
bachelor's
or
higher
degree
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Alabama
..............................
2,790
1,270
1,520
77.5
(
1.2)
78.1
(
1.8)
76.9
(
1.6)
20.4
(
1.2)
22.1
(
1.8)
19.0
(
1.5)
Arizona
................................
2,996
1,416
1,580
85.1
(
1.0)
84.5
(
1.5)
85.6
(
1.4)
24.6
(
1.2)
26.9
(
1.9)
22.6
(
1.6)
California
.............................
20,983
10,123
10,860
81.2
(
0.5)
81.7
(
0.7)
80.7
(
0.7)
27.5
(
0.5)
29.7
(
0.8)
25.3
(
0.7)
Colorado
.............................
2,640
1,325
1,315
89.7
(
0.9)
88.5
(
1.3)
90.9
(
1.2)
34.6
(
1.3)
35.0
(
1.9)
34.2
(
1.9)
Florida
.................................
10,156
4,844
5,311
84.0
(
0.6)
83.7
(
0.9)
84.2
(
0.8)
22.8
(
0.7)
25.4
(
1.0)
20.4
(
0.9)

Georgia
...............................
5,024
2,390
2,634
82.6
(
1.0)
82.8
(
1.5)
82.4
(
1.4)
23.1
(
1.1)
25.1
(
1.6)
21.2
(
1.5)
Illinois
..................................
7,513
3,581
3,932
85.5
(
0.6)
85.6
(
0.9)
85.5
(
0.9)
27.1
(
0.8)
29.2
(
1.2)
25.1
(
1.0)
Indiana
................................
3,893
1,879
2,014
84.6
(
1.1)
83.8
(
1.6)
85.4
(
1.5)
17.1
(
1.1)
17.7
(
1.6)
16.6
(
1.5)
Kentucky
.............................
2,543
1,213
1,331
78.7
(
1.2)
76.4
(
1.8)
80.9
(
1.6)
20.5
(
1.2)
23.5
(
1.8)
17.8
(
1.6)
Louisiana
............................
2,641
1,193
1,448
80.8
(
1.2)
80.9
(
1.8)
80.7
(
1.6)
22.5
(
1.3)
24.3
(
1.9)
21.0
(
1.6)

Maryland
.............................
3,417
1,598
1,819
85.7
(
1.2)
85.8
(
1.7)
85.6
(
1.6)
32.3
(
1.6)
34.7
(
2.3)
30.1
(
2.1)
Massachusetts
....................
4,075
1,945
2,131
85.1
(
0.8)
85.1
(
1.2)
85.0
(
1.1)
32.7
(
1.0)
36.5
(
1.6)
29.2
(
1.4)
Michigan
.............................
6,262
3,033
3,229
86.2
(
0.7)
86.0
(
1.0)
86.4
(
0.9)
23.0
(
0.8)
25.8
(
1.2)
20.4
(
1.1)
Minnesota
...........................
2,997
1,462
1,535
90.8
(
0.9)
89.4
(
1.3)
92.2
(
1.1)
31.2
(
1.3)
33.2
(
1.9)
29.2
(
1.9)
Missouri
..............................
3,500
1,702
1,797
86.6
(
1.0)
86.3
(
1.5)
86.8
(
1.5)
26.2
(
1.3)
26.7
(
1.9)
25.7
(
1.9)

New
Jersey
.........................
5,380
2,508
2,872
87.3
(
0.6)
88.9
(
0.9)
85.9
(
0.9)
30.1
(
0.9)
33.3
(
1.3)
27.2
(
1.2)
New
York
............................
12,009
5,471
6,538
82.5
(
0.5)
84.0
(
0.7)
81.3
(
0.7)
28.7
(
0.6)
31.7
(
1.0)
26.2
(
0.9)
North
Carolina
....................
4,936
2,378
2,558
79.2
(
1.0)
79.6
(
1.3)
78.8
(
1.3)
23.2
(
1.0)
23.3
(
1.4)
23.2
(
1.4)
Ohio
....................................
7,240
3,426
3,815
87.0
(
0.6)
86.5
(
0.9)
87.3
(
0.9)
24.6
(
0.8)
27.1
(
1.2)
22.4
(
1.0)
Pennsylvania
......................
7,788
3,608
4,181
85.7
(
0.6)
85.4
(
0.9)
86.0
(
0.8)
24.3
(
0.7)
27.8
(
1.2)
21.2
(
1.0)

Tennessee
..........................
3,579
1,739
1,840
79.9
(
1.2)
79.9
(
1.8)
79.9
(
1.7)
22.0
(
1.3)
23.8
(
1.9)
20.3
(
1.7)
Texas
..................................
12,484
6,041
6,443
79.2
(
0.6)
79.7
(
0.9)
78.7
(
0.9)
23.9
(
0.6)
26.0
(
0.9)
22.0
(
0.9)
Virginia
................................
4,568
2,208
2,360
86.6
(
1.0)
86.1
(
1.4)
87.0
(
1.3)
31.9
(
1.3)
34.5
(
1.9)
29.4
(
1.8)
Washington
.........................
3,687
1,770
1,918
91.8
(
0.9)
92.0
(
1.3)
91.6
(
1.3)
28.6
(
1.5)
32.1
(
2.2)
25.3
(
2.0)
Wisconsin
...........................
3,352
1,676
1,677
86.7
(
1.0)
85.6
(
1.5)
87.8
(
1.3)
23.8
(
1.2)
26.2
(
1.8)
21.4
(
1.7)

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
``
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States:
March
2000.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
14.
 
Educational
attainment
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
for
the
15
largest
metropolitan
areas,
by
sex:
March
2000
Metropolitan
area
Number
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over
(
in
thousands)
Percent
high
school
completion
or
higher
Percent
completed
bachelor's
or
higher
degree
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Atlanta,
GA,
MSA
................................
2,620
1,257
1,363
89.0
(
1.2)
89.4
(
1.7)
88.7
(
1.6)
31.4
(
1.8)
35.0
(
2.6)
28.1
(
2.4)
Boston­
Worcester­
Lawrence,
MA/
NH/
ME/
CT,
CMSA
.................................
3,823
1,851
1,972
85.3
(
0.8)
85.4
(
1.2)
85.2
(
1.2)
34.4
(
1.1)
37.7
(
1.6)
31.2
(
1.5)
Chicago­
Gary­
Kenosha,
IL/
IN/
WI,
CMSA
...............................
5,274
2,522
2,751
85.2
(
0.8)
84.8
(
1.2)
85.6
(
1.1)
30.7
(
1.0)
32.6
(
1.5)
28.9
(
1.4)
Cleveland­
Akron,
OH,
CMSA
.............
2,020
935
1,085
89.6
(
1.0)
90.3
(
1.5)
89.0
(
1.5)
28.7
(
1.6)
33.0
(
2.4)
24.9
(
2.0)
Dallas­
Fort
Worth,
TX,
CMSA
............
3,251
1,592
1,659
85.6
(
1.1)
84.9
(
1.6)
86.2
(
1.5)
30.7
(
1.4)
32.3
(
2.1)
29.2
(
1.9)

Detroit­
Ann
Arbor­
Flint,
MI,
CMSA
.....
3,623
1,757
1,866
85.4
(
0.9)
86.0
(
1.2)
84.7
(
1.3)
26.2
(
1.1)
30.6
(
1.6)
22.1
(
1.5)
Houston­
Galveston­
Brazoria,
TX,
CMSA
.......................................
2,786
1,373
1,413
79.1
(
1.5)
79.1
(
2.0)
79.1
(
2.0)
25.7
(
1.5)
28.0
(
2.2)
23.4
(
2.1)
Los
Angeles­
Riverside­
Orange
County,
CA,
CMSA
.........................
9,754
4,737
5,017
77.9
(
0.7)
78.7
(
0.9)
77.1
(
0.9)
25.6
(
0.7)
28.7
(
1.0)
22.6
(
0.9)
Miami­
Fort
Lauderdale,
FL,
CMSA
.....
2,495
1,186
1,309
81.7
(
1.2)
80.8
(
1.7)
82.6
(
1.6)
25.1
(
1.3)
28.3
(
1.9)
22.1
(
1.7)
New
York­
Northern
New
Jersey­
Long
Island,
NY/
NJ/
CT/
PA,
CMSA
13,406
6,113
7,293
83.4
(
0.4)
85.1
(
0.6)
81.9
(
0.6)
32.6
(
0.5)
35.9
(
0.9)
29.7
(
0.7)

Philadelphia­
Wilmington­
Atlantic
City,
PA/
NJ/
DE/
MD,
CMSA
....................
4,015
1,850
2,165
86.4
(
0.8)
86.2
(
1.2)
86.5
(
1.0)
27.8
(
1.0)
32.4
(
1.5)
23.9
(
1.3)
Pittsburgh,
PA,
MSA
...........................
1,537
694
843
87.5
(
1.3)
87.3
(
1.9)
87.6
(
1.7)
24.2
(
1.6)
28.1
(
2.6)
20.9
(
2.1)
St.
Louis,
MO/
IL,
MSA
........................
1,683
811
873
85.5
(
1.6)
84.5
(
2.3)
86.5
(
2.1)
24.5
(
1.9)
26.3
(
2.8)
22.8
(
2.6)
San
Francisco­
Oakland­
San
Jose,
CA,
CMSA
.......................................
4,759
2,318
2,440
88.9
(
0.9)
89.1
(
1.2)
88.6
(
1.2)
37.3
(
1.3)
38.4
(
1.8)
36.2
(
1.8)
Washington­
Baltimore,
DC/
MD/
VA/
WV,
CMSA
....................
4,938
2,381
2,557
87.8
(
0.7)
88.8
(
1.0)
86.9
(
1.0)
37.2
(
1.1)
40.6
(
1.6)
34.0
(
1.5)

CMSA=
Consolidated
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area.
MSA=
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
``
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States:
March
2000.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
23
ALL
LEVELS:
POPULATION
Table
15.
 
Estimates
of
resident
population,
by
age
group:
July
1,
1970
to
July
1,
2000
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total,
all
ages
Total,
3
to
34
years
3
and
4
years
5
and
6
years
7
to
13
years
14
to
17
years
18
and
19
years
20
and
21
years
22
to
24
years
25
to
29
years
30
to
34
years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1970
................
203,984
108,653
6,962
7,703
28,969
15,921
7,410
6,850
9,728
13,604
11,505
1971
................
206,827
110,482
6,805
7,344
28,892
16,326
7,644
7,106
10,596
13,927
11,842
1972
................
209,284
112,287
6,789
7,051
28,628
16,637
7,854
7,447
10,418
15,142
12,321
1973
................
211,357
113,954
6,938
6,888
28,159
16,864
8,044
7,658
10,615
15,694
13,094
1974
................
213,342
115,641
7,117
6,864
27,599
17,033
8,196
7,893
10,864
16,428
13,644
1975
................
215,465
117,006
6,912
7,014
26,904
17,125
8,418
8,089
11,228
17,183
14,131
1976
................
217,563
118,073
6,437
7,194
26,321
17,117
8,604
8,240
11,554
18,177
14,428
1977
................
219,760
118,853
6,190
6,978
25,878
17,042
8,613
8,456
11,856
18,180
15,661
1978
................
222,095
119,414
6,208
6,499
25,593
16,944
8,617
8,628
12,120
18,585
16,218
1979
................
224,567
120,126
6,252
6,256
25,174
16,610
8,698
8,653
12,443
19,077
16,961
1980
................
227,225
121,132
6,366
6,291
24,800
16,143
8,718
8,669
12,716
19,686
17,743
1981
................
229,466
121,999
6,535
6,315
24,396
15,609
8,582
8,759
12,903
20,169
18,731
1982
................
231,664
121,823
6,658
6,407
24,121
15,057
8,480
8,768
12,914
20,704
18,714
1983
................
233,792
122,302
6,877
6,572
23,709
14,740
8,290
8,652
12,981
21,414
19,067
1984
................
235,825
122,254
7,045
6,694
23,367
14,725
7,932
8,567
12,962
21,459
19,503
1985
................
237,924
122,512
7,134
6,916
22,976
14,888
7,637
8,370
12,895
21,671
20,025
1986
................
240,133
122,688
7,187
7,086
22,992
14,824
7,483
8,024
12,720
21,893
20,479
1987
................
242,289
122,672
7,132
7,178
23,325
14,502
7,502
7,742
12,450
21,857
20,984
1988
................
244,499
122,713
7,176
7,238
23,791
14,023
7,701
7,606
12,048
21,739
21,391
1989
................
246,819
122,655
7,315
7,184
24,228
13,536
7,898
7,651
11,607
21,560
21,676
1990
................
249,464
122,663
7,355
7,239
24,763
13,322
7,700
7,884
11,250
21,236
21,912
1991
................
252,153
122,569
7,425
7,370
25,100
13,452
7,196
8,019
11,137
20,713
22,157
1992
................
255,030
122,579
7,577
7,404
25,539
13,703
6,929
7,778
11,269
20,140
22,240
1993
................
257,783
122,704
7,832
7,485
25,898
13,953
6,955
7,308
11,477
19,570
22,227
1994
................
260,327
122,855
8,014
7,639
26,074
14,492
7,007
7,039
11,350
19,107
22,133
1995
................
262,803
122,924
8,014
7,890
26,305
14,828
7,130
7,064
10,918
18,905
21,870
1996
................
265,229
122,816
7,911
8,070
26,534
15,213
7,335
7,112
10,396
18,933
21,313
1997
................
267,784
122,830
7,787
8,073
26,933
15,499
7,492
7,252
10,237
18,820
20,739
1998
................
270,248
122,830
7,696
7,972
27,424
15,518
7,798
7,451
10,227
18,575
20,168
1999
................
272,691
122,812
7,607
7,838
27,765
15,654
7,986
7,603
10,423
18,209
19,727
2000
................
275,130
122,952
7,569
7,740
28,013
15,725
8,067
7,907
10,567
17,817
19,547
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
25,
Nos.
1000,
1022,
1045,
1057,
1059,
1092,
1095;
U.
S.
Population
Estimates,
by
Age,
Sex,
Race,
and
Hispanic
Origin:
1990
to
1999,
PPL
 
91R;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
16.
 
Estimates
of
school­
age
resident
population,
by
race
and
sex:
July
1,
1970
to
July
1,
2000
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
White
Black
Other
races
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1970
..........................
52,593
26,793
25,801
44,783
22,877
21,906
7,108
3,561
3,547
703
355
349
1971
..........................
52,562
26,780
25,782
44,644
22,809
21,834
7,182
3,600
3,583
737
371
365
1972
..........................
52,316
26,658
25,658
44,336
22,655
21,681
7,211
3,615
3,596
768
388
380
1973
..........................
51,910
26,456
25,455
43,898
22,434
21,464
7,213
3,617
3,596
799
405
394
1974
..........................
51,498
26,249
25,249
43,454
22,210
21,244
7,213
3,618
3,596
830
420
409
1975
..........................
51,044
26,022
25,022
42,950
21,956
20,994
7,199
3,611
3,588
895
456
440
1976
..........................
50,633
25,822
24,811
42,477
21,721
20,755
7,208
3,617
3,591
948
483
465
1977
..........................
49,897
25,456
24,441
41,737
21,350
20,386
7,167
3,600
3,568
994
506
487
1978
..........................
49,038
25,024
24,013
40,883
20,919
19,964
7,116
3,576
3,540
1,039
530
509
1979
..........................
48,041
24,524
23,517
39,910
20,427
19,484
7,037
3,538
3,498
1,094
560
536
1980
..........................
47,232
24,135
23,097
39,002
19,982
19,020
6,989
3,520
3,469
1,241
633
608
1981
..........................
46,319
23,676
22,643
38,105
19,527
18,578
6,872
3,474
3,398
1,342
675
667
1982
..........................
45,585
23,309
22,276
37,365
19,153
18,212
6,826
3,442
3,384
1,394
714
680
1983
..........................
45,020
23,031
21,989
36,800
18,873
17,927
6,762
3,412
3,350
1,458
746
712
1984
..........................
44,788
22,920
21,868
36,509
18,731
17,778
6,743
3,404
3,339
1,536
785
751
1985
..........................
44,782
22,927
21,855
36,393
18,679
17,714
6,729
3,400
3,329
1,660
848
812
1986
..........................
44,903
22,996
21,907
36,408
18,701
17,707
6,802
3,438
3,364
1,693
857
836
1987
..........................
45,005
23,056
21,949
36,361
18,674
17,687
6,841
3,460
3,381
1,803
922
881
1988
..........................
45,051
23,086
21,965
36,279
18,637
17,642
6,881
3,482
3,399
1,891
967
924
1989
..........................
44,947
23,036
21,911
36,122
18,550
17,572
6,867
3,475
3,392
1,958
1,011
947
1990
..........................
45,325
23,235
22,090
36,326
18,671
17,655
6,923
3,505
3,418
2,075
1,059
1,016
1991
..........................
45,922
23,545
22,377
36,758
18,895
17,863
7,018
3,555
3,463
2,146
1,095
1,051
1992
..........................
46,646
23,919
22,727
37,274
19,160
18,113
7,150
3,625
3,525
2,222
1,134
1,089
1993
..........................
47,371
24,290
23,081
37,768
19,413
18,356
7,295
3,700
3,595
2,308
1,177
1,131
1994
..........................
48,205
24,718
23,487
38,344
19,707
18,637
7,471
3,792
3,679
2,390
1,220
1,171
1995
..........................
49,023
25,138
23,884
38,920
20,001
18,919
7,622
3,871
3,751
2,481
1,266
1,214
1996
..........................
49,816
25,544
24,273
39,468
20,278
19,189
7,769
3,947
3,821
2,580
1,318
1,262
1997
..........................
50,505
25,892
24,612
39,941
20,515
19,427
7,891
4,011
3,879
2,673
1,366
1,307
1998
..........................
50,915
26,103
24,812
40,196
20,643
19,553
7,970
4,054
3,916
2,748
1,406
1,342
1999
..........................
51,257
26,278
24,979
40,399
20,744
19,655
8,040
4,091
3,949
2,818
1,443
1,375
2000
..........................
51,478
26,390
25,088
40,522
20,804
19,717
8,073
4,109
3,964
2,884
1,477
1,407
NOTE:
School­
age
population
includes
persons
5
to
17
years
of
age.
All
columns
include
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
25,
Nos.
1000,
1022,
1045,
1057,
1092;
U.
S.
Population
Estimates,
by
Age,
Sex,
Race,
and
Hispanic
Origin:
1990
to
1999,
PPL
 
91R;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
24
ALL
LEVELS:
POPULATION
Table
17.
 
Estimated
total
and
school­
age
resident
populations,
by
state:
1970
to
2000
[
In
thousands]

State
1970
1
1980
1
1985
2
1990
1
1995
2
1999
2
2000
1
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
Total,
all
ages
5­
to
17­

yearolds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
3
.....
203,302
52,540
226,546
47,407
237,924
44,782
248,765
45,178
262,803
49,023
272,691
51,257
281,422
53,118
Alabama
....................
3,444
934
3,894
866
3,973
798
4,040
774
4,263
783
4,370
775
4,447
827
Alaska
.......................
303
88
402
92
532
112
550
117
601
134
620
147
627
143
Arizona
......................
1,775
486
2,718
578
3,184
601
3,665
686
4,307
825
4,778
949
5,131
985
Arkansas
...................
1,923
498
2,286
496
2,327
461
2,351
455
2,480
479
2,551
483
2,673
499
California
...................
19,971
4,999
23,668
4,681
26,441
4,752
29,786
5,344
31,494
5,975
33,145
6,424
33,872
6,763
Colorado
...................
2,210
589
2,890
592
3,209
599
3,294
607
3,738
709
4,056
777
4,301
803
Connecticut
...............
3,032
768
3,108
638
3,201
549
3,287
520
3,265
565
3,282
610
3,406
618
Delaware
...................
548
148
594
125
618
113
666
114
718
125
754
132
784
143
District
of
Columbia
..
757
164
638
109
635
88
607
80
551
75
519
68
572
82
Florida
.......................
6,791
1,609
9,746
1,789
11,351
1,792
12,938
2,011
14,185
2,392
15,111
2,618
15,982
2,701
Georgia
.....................
4,588
1,223
5,463
1,231
5,963
1,195
6,478
1,230
7,189
1,370
7,788
1,477
8,186
1,574
Hawaii
.......................
770
204
965
198
1,040
194
1,108
196
1,180
212
1,185
209
1,212
218
Idaho
.........................
713
200
944
213
994
223
1,007
228
1,165
255
1,252
258
1,294
271
Illinois
........................
11,110
2,859
11,427
2,401
11,400
2,192
11,431
2,095
11,885
2,208
12,128
2,304
12,419
2,369
Indiana
......................
5,195
1,386
5,490
1,200
5,459
1,087
5,544
1,056
5,792
1,079
5,943
1,115
6,080
1,151
Iowa
..........................
2,825
743
2,914
604
2,830
543
2,777
525
2,841
539
2,869
537
2,926
545
Kansas
......................
2,249
573
2,364
468
2,427
452
2,478
472
2,587
506
2,654
515
2,688
524
Kentucky
...................
3,221
844
3,661
800
3,695
745
3,687
703
3,855
710
3,961
706
4,042
729
Louisiana
...................
3,645
1,041
4,206
969
4,408
937
4,222
891
4,328
898
4,372
876
4,469
902
Maine
........................
994
260
1,125
243
1,163
222
1,228
223
1,237
228
1,253
223
1,275
231
Maryland
...................
3,924
1,038
4,217
895
4,413
788
4,781
803
5,024
904
5,172
963
5,296
1,003
Massachusetts
..........
5,689
1,407
5,737
1,153
5,881
989
6,016
940
6,062
1,017
6,175
1,076
6,349
1,103
Michigan
....................
8,882
2,450
9,262
2,067
9,076
1,824
9,295
1,754
9,660
1,848
9,864
1,906
9,938
1,924
Minnesota
.................
3,806
1,051
4,076
865
4,184
796
4,376
829
4,605
920
4,776
950
4,919
957
Mississippi
.................
2,217
635
2,521
599
2,588
576
2,575
550
2,691
552
2,769
550
2,845
571
Missouri
.....................
4,678
1,183
4,917
1,008
5,000
941
5,117
944
5,325
1,013
5,468
1,036
5,595
1,058
Montana
....................
694
197
787
167
822
167
799
163
869
177
883
171
902
175
Nebraska
...................
1,485
389
1,570
324
1,585
305
1,578
309
1,635
327
1,666
329
1,711
333
Nevada
......................
489
127
800
160
951
166
1,202
204
1,526
277
1,809
348
1,998
366
New
Hampshire
........
738
189
921
196
997
182
1,109
194
1,146
217
1,201
231
1,236
234
New
Jersey
...............
7,171
1,797
7,365
1,528
7,566
1,340
7,748
1,269
7,966
1,388
8,143
1,460
8,414
1,524
New
Mexico
..............
1,017
311
1,303
303
1,438
304
1,515
320
1,682
359
1,740
364
1,819
378
New
York
..................
18,241
4,358
17,558
3,552
17,792
3,173
17,991
3,000
18,151
3,173
18,197
3,227
18,976
3,451
North
Carolina
...........
5,084
1,323
5,882
1,254
6,254
1,175
6,632
1,147
7,185
1,283
7,651
1,407
8,049
1,425
North
Dakota
.............
618
175
653
136
677
133
639
127
642
128
634
121
642
121
Ohio
..........................
10,657
2,820
10,798
2,307
10,735
2,090
10,847
2,012
11,155
2,079
11,257
2,104
11,353
2,133
Oklahoma
..................
2,559
640
3,025
622
3,271
635
3,146
609
3,266
645
3,358
649
3,451
656
Oregon
......................
2,092
534
2,633
525
2,673
504
2,842
521
3,141
586
3,316
608
3,421
624
Pennsylvania
.............
11,801
2,925
11,864
2,376
11,771
2,079
11,883
1,996
12,045
2,114
11,994
2,140
12,281
2,194
Rhode
Island
.............
950
225
947
186
969
163
1,003
159
989
170
991
179
1,048
184
South
Carolina
..........
2,591
720
3,122
703
3,303
663
3,486
662
3,700
683
3,886
702
4,012
745
South
Dakota
............
666
187
691
147
698
139
696
144
728
153
733
148
755
152
Tennessee
................
3,926
1,002
4,591
972
4,715
903
4,877
882
5,241
944
5,484
974
5,689
1,024
Texas
........................
11,199
3,002
14,229
3,137
16,273
3,318
16,986
3,437
18,680
3,789
20,044
4,080
20,852
4,262
Utah
..........................
1,059
312
1,461
350
1,643
418
1,723
457
1,977
490
2,130
497
2,233
509
Vermont
....................
445
118
511
109
530
100
563
102
583
110
594
107
609
114
Virginia
......................
4,651
1,197
5,347
1,114
5,715
1,039
6,189
1,060
6,601
1,154
6,873
1,214
7,079
1,276
Washington
...............
3,413
881
4,132
826
4,400
816
4,867
893
5,431
1,029
5,756
1,096
5,894
1,120
West
Virginia
.............
1,744
442
1,950
414
1,907
383
1,793
337
1,821
319
1,807
303
1,808
301
Wisconsin
..................
4,418
1,203
4,706
1,011
4,748
908
4,892
927
5,137
1,003
5,250
1,016
5,364
1,026
Wyoming
...................
332
92
470
101
500
108
454
101
478
103
480
96
494
98
1
As
of
April
1.
2
Estimates
as
of
July
1.
3
Includes
Armed
Forces
residing
in
each
state.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
25,
No.
1095
at
the
national
level,
CPH­
L
 
74
(
1990
data),
SF1
 
P12
(
2000
data);
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
25
ALL
LEVELS:
FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
Table
18.
 
Families,
by
family
status
and
presence
of
own
children
under
18:
1970
to
2000
Family
status
1970
1980
1985
1990
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Change,
1970
to
1980
Change,
1980
to
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
In
thousands
Percent
change
All
families
..................................
51,456
59,550
62,706
66,090
68,490
69,305
69,594
70,241
70,880
71,535
72,025
15.7
20.9
Married­
couple
family
......................
44,728
49,112
50,350
52,317
53,171
53,858
53,567
53,604
54,317
54,770
55,311
9.8
12.6
Without
own
children
under
18
..
19,196
24,151
26,140
27,780
28,113
28,617
28,647
28,521
29,048
29,703
30,062
25.8
24.5
With
own
children
under
18
.......
25,532
24,961
24,210
24,537
25,058
25,241
24,920
25,083
25,269
25,066
25,248
 
2.2
1.1
One
own
child
under
18
.........
8,163
9,671
9,640
9,583
9,452
9,564
9,352
9,510
9,507
9,545
9,402
18.5
 
2.8
Two
own
children
under
18
....
8,045
9,488
9,456
9,784
10,188
10,358
10,278
10,152
10,241
10,040
10,274
17.9
8.3
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
...............................
9,325
5,802
5,115
5,170
5,418
5,319
5,290
5,420
5,521
5,481
5,572
 
37.8
 
4.0
Other
family,
male
householder,
no
spouse
present
......................
1,228
1,733
2,228
2,884
2,913
3,226
3,513
3,847
3,911
3,976
4,028
41.1
132.4
Without
own
children
under
18
..
887
1,117
1,331
1,731
1,599
1,786
1,885
2,138
2,113
2,270
2,242
25.9
100.7
With
own
children
under
18
.......
341
616
896
1,153
1,314
1,440
1,628
1,709
1,798
1,706
1,786
80.6
189.9
One
own
child
under
18
.........
179
374
584
723
805
891
1,005
1,003
1,117
1,023
1,131
108.9
202.4
Two
own
children
under
18
....
87
165
213
307
368
405
471
513
456
480
483
89.7
192.7
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
..............................
75
77
100
123
141
144
152
192
225
202
171
2.7
122.1
Other
family,
female
householder,
no
spouse
present
......................
5,500
8,705
10,129
10,890
12,406
12,220
12,514
12,790
12,652
12,789
12,687
58.3
45.7
Without
own
children
under
18
..
2,642
3,261
4,123
4,290
4,759
4,606
4,859
4,916
4,960
4,948
5,116
23.4
56.9
With
own
children
under
18
.......
2,858
5,445
6,006
6,599
7,647
7,615
7,656
7,874
7,693
7,841
7,571
90.5
39.0
One
own
child
under
18
.........
1,008
2,398
2,885
3,225
3,566
3,633
3,683
3,821
3,739
3,763
3,777
137.9
57.5
Two
own
children
under
18
....
810
1,817
1,977
2,173
2,531
2,450
2,457
2,629
2,425
2,549
2,458
124.3
35.3
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
..............................
1,040
1,230
1,144
1,202
1,550
1,531
1,514
1,423
1,529
1,529
1,336
18.3
8.6
Percent
of
all
families
Change
in
percentage
points
All
families
..............................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
(
1)
(
1)

Married­
couple
family
......................
86.9
82.5
80.3
79.2
77.6
77.7
77.0
76.3
76.6
76.6
76.8
 
4.5
 
5.7
Without
own
children
under
18
..
37.3
40.6
41.7
42.0
41.0
41.3
41.2
40.6
41.0
41.5
41.7
3.3
1.2
With
own
children
under
18
.......
49.6
41.9
38.6
37.1
36.6
36.4
35.8
35.7
35.7
35.0
35.1
 
7.7
 
6.9
One
own
child
under
18
.........
15.9
16.2
15.4
14.5
13.8
13.8
13.4
13.5
13.4
13.3
13.1
0.4
 
3.2
Two
own
children
under
18
....
15.6
15.9
15.1
14.8
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.5
14.4
14.0
14.3
0.3
 
1.7
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
...............................
18.1
9.7
8.2
7.8
7.9
7.7
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.7
 
8.4
 
2.0
Other
family,
male
householder,
no
spouse
present
......................
2.4
2.9
3.6
4.4
4.3
4.7
5.0
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.6
0.5
2.7
Without
own
children
under
18
..
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.6
2.3
2.6
2.7
3.0
3.0
3.2
3.1
0.2
1.2
With
own
children
under
18
.......
0.7
1.0
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.5
0.4
1.4
One
own
child
under
18
.........
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
0.3
0.9
Two
own
children
under
18
....
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.1
0.4
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
..............................
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
(
2)
0.1
Other
family,
female
householder,
no
spouse
present
......................
10.7
14.6
16.2
16.5
18.1
17.6
18.0
18.2
17.8
17.9
17.6
3.9
3.0
Without
own
children
under
18
..
5.1
5.5
6.6
6.5
6.9
6.6
7.0
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.1
0.3
1.6
With
own
children
under
18
.......
5.6
9.1
9.6
10.0
11.2
11.0
11.0
11.2
10.9
11.0
10.5
3.6
1.4
One
own
child
under
18
.........
2.0
4.0
4.6
4.9
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.2
2.1
1.2
Two
own
children
under
18
....
1.6
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.4
3.6
3.4
1.5
0.4
Three
or
more
own
children
under
18
..............................
2.0
2.1
1.8
1.8
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.2
2.1
1.9
(
2)
 
0.2
1
Not
applicable.
2
Less
than
.05
percent.

NOTE:
Own
children
are
never­
married
sons
and
daughters,
including
stepchildren
and
adopted
children,
of
the
householder
or
married
couple.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
20,
Household
and
Family
Characteristics,
various
years,
and
America's
Families
and
Living
Arrangements,
March
1999
and
2000;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
26
ALL
LEVELS:
FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
Table
19.
 
Characteristics
of
families
with
own
children
under
18,
by
family
status
and
race/
ethnicity:
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Family
characteristics
All
races
1
White,
non­
Hispanic
2
Black,
non­
Hispanic
2
Hispanic
origin
3
Total
Marriedcouple
families
Other
families
Total
Marriedcouple
families
Other
families
Total
Marriedcouple
families
Other
families
Total
Marriedcouple
families
Other
families
Male
householder

no
spouse
present
Female
householder

no
spouse
present
Male
householder

no
spouse
present
Female
householder

no
spouse
present
Male
householder

no
spouse
present
Female
householder

no
spouse
present
Male
householder

no
spouse
present
Female
householder

no
spouse
present
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
families
........................
72,026
55,311
4,028
12,687
53,065
43,865
2,468
6,732
8,416
4,007
682
3,727
7,560
5,133
658
1,769
Total
families
with
own
children
under
18
...........
34,605
25,248
1,786
7,571
23,534
18,516
1,202
3,815
4,631
2,013
269
2,348
4,815
3,423
246
1,145
Percent
of
all
families
................
48.0
45.6
44.3
59.7
44.3
42.2
48.7
56.7
55.0
50.2
39.4
63.0
63.7
66.7
37.4
64.7
Percent
distribution
....................
100.0
73.0
5.2
21.9
100.0
78.7
5.1
16.2
100.0
43.5
5.8
50.7
100.0
71.1
5.1
23.8
Families
with
 
1
child
under
18
.....................
14,310
9,402
1,131
3,777
9,801
6,931
759
2,111
2,039
815
186
1,038
1,791
1,139
141
511
2
children
under
18
................
13,215
10,274
483
2,458
9,308
7,744
335
1,229
1,573
722
62
789
1,694
1,276
68
350
3
children
under
18
................
5,062
4,030
130
902
3,297
2,858
87
352
657
315
12
330
914
695
27
192
4
or
more
under
18
................
2,017
1,542
41
434
1,128
984
21
123
362
161
9
192
416
313
11
92
Total
own
children
under
18
......
64,874
48,921
2,670
13,283
42,463
34,798
1,759
5,906
8,998
4,038
394
4,566
9,912
7,240
402
2,270
Average
number
of
children
per
family
with
own
children
under
18
.............................
1.87
1.94
1.49
1.75
1.80
1.88
1.46
1.55
1.94
2.01
1.46
1.94
2.06
2.12
1.63
1.98
Total
families
with
own
children
under
6
.............
14,987
11,393
706
2,887
9,872
8,148
411
1,312
1,966
818
115
1,033
2,476
1,862
152
464
Percent
of
all
families
................
20.8
20.6
17.5
22.8
18.6
18.6
16.7
19.5
23.4
20.4
16.9
27.7
32.8
36.3
23.1
26.2
Percent
distribution
....................
100.0
76.0
4.7
19.3
100.0
82.5
4.2
13.3
100.0
41.6
5.8
52.5
100.0
75.2
6.1
18.7
Families
with
 
1
child
under
6
.......................
10,454
7,659
563
2,232
6,803
5,389
341
1,073
1,442
581
87
774
1,731
1,274
116
341
2
children
under
6
..................
3,933
3,273
134
526
2,703
2,428
67
208
425
201
26
198
636
509
32
95
3
or
more
under
6
..................
600
462
9
129
366
332
3
31
99
36
2
61
109
78
4
27
Total
own
children
under
6
........
20,784
16,159
881
3,744
13,323
11,329
506
1,488
2,723
1,158
138
1,427
3,617
2,734
191
692
Average
number
of
children
per
family
with
own
children
under
6
...............................
1.39
1.42
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.39
1.23
1.13
1.39
1.42
1.20
1.38
1.46
1.47
1.26
1.49
Total
families
with
own
children
under
3
.............
8,785
6,784
441
1,561
5,893
4,944
242
707
1,093
441
80
572
1,381
1,041
99
241
Percent
of
all
families
................
12.2
12.3
10.9
12.3
11.1
11.3
9.8
10.5
13.0
11.0
11.7
15.3
18.3
20.3
15.0
13.6
Percent
distribution
....................
100.0
77.2
5.0
17.8
100.0
83.9
4.1
12.0
100.0
40.3
7.3
52.3
100.0
75.4
7.2
17.5
Families
with
 
1
child
under
3
.......................
7,756
5,955
394
1,407
5,159
4,277
216
666
967
400
75
492
1,239
943
84
212
2
or
more
under
3
..................
1,029
829
46
154
734
667
26
41
126
41
5
80
142
98
15
29
Total
own
children
under
3
........
10,202
7,954
496
1,752
6,673
5,678
291
704
1,286
517
69
700
1,691
1,272
109
310
Average
number
of
children
per
family
with
own
children
under
3
...............................
1.16
1.17
1.12
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.20
1.00
1.18
1.17
0.86
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.10
1.29
1
Race
of
family
is
defined
as
race
of
head
of
household.

2
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

3
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.
NOTE:
Own
children
are
never­
married
sons
and
daughters,
including
stepchildren
and
adopted
children,
of
the
householder
or
married
couple.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P20
 
537,

America's
Families
and
Living
Arrangements,
March
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
27
ALL
LEVELS:
FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
Table
20.
 
Household
income
and
poverty
rates,
by
state:
1990
and
1997
 
99
State
Median
household
income
1
Percent
of
persons
below
the
poverty
level
Poverty
status
of
related
children
5
to
17
years
old
1990
2
1997
 
99
1990
2
1997
 
99
1990
2
1998
Total
Threeyear
moving
average
Standard
error
Total
Threeyear
moving
average
Standard
error
Number
in
poverty
(
in
thousands
Standard
error
(
in
thousands
Percent
in
poverty
Standard
error
Number
in
poverty
(
in
thousands
Standard
error
(
in
thousands
Percent
in
poverty
Standard
error
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
............................................
$
40,230
$
39,657
$
143
13.1
12.6
0.15
7,918
225
17.7
0.49
9,167
253
17.8
0.48
Alabama
.........................................................
31,381
35,478
980
18.3
15.1
1.29
175
7
22.7
0.97
156
35
21.8
4.38
Alaska
............................................................
52,799
51,046
1,357
9.0
8.6
1.01
15
1
12.9
0.97
13
4
9.0
2.57
Arizona
...........................................................
39,264
36,337
895
15.7
15.2
1.20
145
7
21.5
1.09
222
41
23.6
3.86
Arkansas
........................................................
30,614
28,398
806
19.1
16.4
1.31
101
5
22.3
1.16
57
18
13.1
3.25
California
........................................................
44,727
42,262
505
12.5
15.3
0.53
978
83
18.7
1.58
1,459
121
22.3
1.66
Colorado
........................................................
41,291
46,950
1,067
11.7
8.6
1.00
92
4
15.4
0.67
93
25
12.5
3.32
Connecticut
....................................................
52,224
47,997
1,702
6.8
8.4
1.14
51
5
9.9
1.03
82
26
13.4
3.91
Delaware
........................................................
41,387
44,627
1,444
8.7
10.1
1.20
14
1
12.4
0.85
24
7
15.7
3.91
District
of
Columbia
.......................................
36,802
35,309
941
16.9
19.7
1.65
17
1
22.5
0.97
33
7
46.0
6.63
Florida
............................................................
35,853
35,081
480
12.7
13.3
0.65
362
24
18.3
1.22
474
60
20.5
2.34
Georgia
..........................................................
37,030
39,003
832
14.7
13.7
1.09
236
9
19.4
0.79
377
65
24.7
3.69
Hawaii
............................................................
52,292
42,864
1,352
8.3
11.9
1.30
24
3
12.5
1.46
32
9
14.5
3.97
Idaho
..............................................................
33,998
36,023
902
13.3
13.9
1.19
37
2
16.6
0.85
50
10
17.4
3.30
Illinois
.............................................................
43,722
44,459
740
11.9
10.4
0.65
349
21
16.8
1.03
308
50
12.1
1.82
Indiana
...........................................................
36,179
40,635
1,078
10.7
8.3
1.00
141
8
13.5
0.79
140
39
12.6
3.30
Iowa
...............................................................
36,663
38,047
860
11.5
8.7
1.05
70
4
13.5
0.79
73
20
14.2
3.65
Kansas
...........................................................
40,195
37,618
1,267
11.5
10.5
1.13
64
3
13.7
0.67
59
19
13.2
3.37
Kentucky
........................................................
33,293
35,226
1,109
19.0
13.8
1.25
159
7
22.9
0.97
118
29
16.7
3.81
Louisiana
.......................................................
30,102
33,218
1,077
23.6
18.2
1.35
270
14
30.5
1.64
244
43
29.8
4.41
Maine
.............................................................
36,899
36,459
866
10.8
10.4
1.23
29
3
13.2
1.22
27
9
12.0
3.71
Maryland
........................................................
52,206
50,630
1,411
8.3
7.6
1.03
100
6
12.6
0.73
66
27
8.10
3.16
Massachusetts
...............................................
48,700
43,697
1,307
8.9
10.9
0.83
108
11
11.6
1.16
163
32
15.0
2.77
Michigan
........................................................
40,222
43,066
722
13.1
10.3
0.69
299
19
17.2
1.09
311
48
14.8
2.12
Minnesota
......................................................
42,275
46,802
1,261
10.2
9.1
1.03
98
7
11.9
0.79
130
34
12.6
3.09
Mississippi
.....................................................
27,110
30,628
930
25.2
16.8
1.34
178
10
32.4
1.88
108
24
19.3
3.77
Missouri
.........................................................
36,722
40,166
1,258
13.3
11.1
1.17
161
6
17.3
0.67
136
39
14.4
3.77
Montana
.........................................................
31,405
31,280
776
16.1
15.9
1.28
31
1
19.4
0.79
42
8
21.2
3.69
Nebraska
.......................................................
36,923
37,338
1,065
11.1
11.0
1.17
42
3
13.9
0.85
54
13
14.8
3.43
Nevada
..........................................................
43,024
40,882
1,098
10.2
11.0
1.14
26
2
13.1
0.97
49
13
12.8
3.21
New
Hampshire
.............................................
54,823
44,891
1,296
6.4
8.9
1.19
14
2
7.1
1.22
34
10
13.3
3.70
New
Jersey
....................................................
52,041
50,234
1,012
7.6
8.5
0.66
145
15
11.5
1.16
194
36
13.2
2.26
New
Mexico
...................................................
33,641
31,981
1,030
20.6
20.8
1.42
77
4
24.3
1.34
101
18
23.5
3.67
New
York
.......................................................
42,444
38,479
548
13.0
15.7
0.60
534
39
18.0
1.28
848
77
28.9
1.91
North
Carolina
...............................................
35,374
37,057
705
13.0
13.0
0.89
184
12
16.2
0.97
277
46
21.3
3.11
North
Dakota
.................................................
33,943
32,238
919
14.4
13.9
1.30
19
1
15.2
0.67
28
5
17.2
3.66
Ohio
...............................................................
40,324
38,970
855
12.5
11.4
0.71
338
22
16.9
1.09
339
52
16.0
2.27
Oklahoma
......................................................
32,761
33,311
910
16.7
13.5
1.20
128
5
21.2
0.73
120
26
19.9
3.93
Oregon
...........................................................
39,340
39,768
1,208
12.4
13.1
1.28
86
4
16.8
0.79
121
29
19.4
4.15
Pennsylvania
.................................................
38,970
38,938
773
11.1
10.6
0.65
290
20
14.7
1.03
382
54
18.0
2.31
Rhode
Island
.................................................
42,951
40,213
1,668
9.6
11.4
1.32
22
1
13.7
0.85
36
9
20.5
4.70
South
Carolina
...............................................
38,607
35,376
1,097
15.4
12.8
1.28
128
6
19.4
0.85
129
32
17.6
3.99
South
Dakota
.................................................
33,012
33,438
734
15.9
11.7
1.16
27
2
18.7
1.28
13
4
9.2
2.89
Tennessee
.....................................................
30,353
34,393
948
15.7
13.2
1.24
174
8
20.0
0.91
156
41
14.5
3.51
Texas
.............................................................
37,926
37,320
602
18.1
15.6
0.67
813
40
23.8
1.16
809
88
20.1
1.97
Utah
...............................................................
40,497
45,257
1,130
11.4
7.9
0.91
63
3
13.8
0.67
55
14
11.8
2.78
Vermont
.........................................................
41,782
39,419
1,132
9.9
9.6
1.21
12
1
12.3
1.16
13
4
12.2
3.73
Virginia
...........................................................
47,122
44,884
1,414
10.2
9.8
1.03
149
9
14.2
0.85
92
33
7.9
2.71
Washington
....................................................
43,144
46,788
1,203
10.9
9.2
1.09
130
5
14.9
0.61
118
37
10.8
3.23
West
Virginia
.................................................
29,742
28,420
760
19.7
16.7
1.31
80
5
24.1
1.46
65
14
25.7
4.86
Wisconsin
......................................................
41,262
43,055
1,025
10.7
8.5
1.01
120
7
13.1
0.79
109
33
11.5
3.26
Wyoming
........................................................
39,581
36,039
964
11.9
11.9
1.19
14
1
13.7
0.79
13
4
13.0
3.29
1
In
1999
dollars
adjusted
by
the
Consumer
Price
Index
for
all
urban
consumers.

2
Based
on
1989
incomes
collected
in
the
1990
Census.
Data
may
differ
from
figures
derived
from
the
Current
Population
Survey.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Decennial
Census,
Minority
Economic
Profiles,
unpublished
data;
and
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
60,
``
Poverty
in
the
United
States,''
``
Money
Income
of
Households,
Families,
and
Persons
in
the
United
States,''
and
``
Income,
Poverty,
and
Valuation
of
Noncash
Benefits,''
various
years,
and
``
Money
Income
in
the
U.
S.:
1999,''
P60
 
201.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
28
ALL
LEVELS:
FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
Table
21.
 
Poverty
status
of
persons,
families,
and
children
under
18,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1959
to
1999
Year
and
race/
ethnicity
Number
below
the
poverty
level,
in
thousands
Percent
below
the
poverty
level
All
persons
In
all
families
In
families
with
female
householder,
no
husband
present
All
persons
In
all
families
In
families
with
female
householder,
no
husband
present
Total
Householder
1
Related
children
under
18
Total
Related
children
under
18
Total
Householder
1
Related
children
under
18
Total
Related
children
under
18
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
races
1959
...........................
39,490
34,562
8,320
17,208
7,014
4,145
22.4
(
0.3)
20.8
18.5
26.9
(
0.4)
49.4
72.2
1960
...........................
39,851
34,925
8,243
17,288
7,247
4,095
22.2
(
0.3)
20.7
18.1
26.5
(
0.4)
48.9
68.4
1965
...........................
33,185
28,358
6,721
14,388
7,524
4,562
17.3
(
0.2)
15.8
13.9
20.7
(
0.4)
46.0
64.2
1970
...........................
25,420
20,330
5,260
10,235
7,503
4,689
12.6
(
0.2)
10.9
10.1
14.9
(
0.3)
38.1
53.0
1975
...........................
25,877
20,789
5,450
10,882
8,846
5,597
12.3
(
0.2)
10.9
9.7
16.8
(
0.4)
37.5
52.7
1980
...........................
29,272
22,601
6,217
11,114
10,120
5,866
13.0
(
0.2)
11.5
10.3
17.9
(
0.4)
36.7
50.8
1981
...........................
31,822
24,850
6,851
12,068
11,051
6,305
14.0
(
0.2)
12.5
11.2
19.5
(
0.4)
38.7
52.3
1982
...........................
34,398
27,349
7,512
13,139
11,701
6,696
15.0
(
0.2)
13.6
12.2
21.3
(
0.4)
40.6
56.0
1983
...........................
35,303
27,933
7,647
13,427
12,072
6,747
15.2
(
0.2)
13.9
12.3
21.8
(
0.4)
40.2
55.4
1984
...........................
33,700
26,458
7,277
12,929
11,831
6,772
14.4
(
0.2)
13.1
11.6
21.0
(
0.4)
38.4
54.0
1985
...........................
33,064
25,729
7,223
12,483
11,600
6,716
14.0
(
0.2)
12.6
11.4
20.1
(
0.4)
37.6
53.6
1986
...........................
32,370
24,754
7,023
12,257
11,944
6,943
13.6
(
0.2)
12.0
10.9
19.8
(
0.4)
38.3
54.4
1987
...........................
32,221
24,725
7,005
12,275
12,148
7,074
13.4
(
0.2)
12.0
10.7
19.7
(
0.4)
38.1
54.7
1988
...........................
31,745
24,048
6,876
11,935
11,972
6,742
13.0
(
0.2)
11.6
10.4
19.0
(
0.4)
37.2
50.6
1989
...........................
31,528
24,066
6,784
12,001
11,668
6,808
12.8
(
0.2)
11.5
10.3
19.0
(
0.4)
35.9
51.1
1990
...........................
33,585
25,232
7,098
12,715
12,578
7,363
13.5
(
0.2)
12.0
10.7
19.9
(
0.4)
37.2
53.4
1991
...........................
35,708
27,143
7,712
13,658
13,824
8,065
14.2
(
0.2)
12.8
11.5
21.1
(
0.4)
39.7
55.5
1992
...........................
36,880
27,947
7,960
13,876
13,716
8,032
14.8
(
0.2)
13.3
11.7
21.1
(
0.4)
39.0
54.3
1993
...........................
39,265
29,927
8,393
14,961
14,636
8,503
15.1
(
0.2)
13.6
12.3
22.0
(
0.4)
38.7
53.7
1994
...........................
38,059
28,985
8,053
14,610
14,380
8,427
14.5
(
0.2)
13.1
11.6
21.2
(
0.4)
38.6
52.9
1995
...........................
36,425
27,501
7,532
13,999
14,205
8,364
13.8
(
0.2)
12.3
10.8
20.2
(
0.4)
36.5
50.3
1996
...........................
36,529
27,376
7,708
13,764
13,796
7,990
13.7
(
0.2)
12.2
11.0
19.8
(
0.4)
35.8
49.3
1997
...........................
35,574
26,217
7,324
13,422
13,494
7,928
13.3
(
0.2)
11.6
10.3
19.2
(
0.4)
35.1
49.0
1998
...........................
34,476
25,370
7,186
12,845
12,907
7,627
12.7
(
0.2)
11.2
10.0
18.3
(
0.4)
33.1
46.1
1999
...........................
32,258
23,396
6,676
11,510
11,607
6,602
11.8
(
0.2)
10.2
9.3
16.3
(
0.4)
30.4
41.9
White
2
1960
...........................
28,309
24,262
6,115
11,229
4,296
2,357
17.8
(
0.3)
16.2
14.9
20.0
(
0.4)
39.0
59.9
1965
...........................
22,496
18,508
4,824
8,595
4,092
2,321
13.3
(
0.2)
11.7
11.1
14.4
(
0.4)
35.4
52.9
1970
...........................
17,484
13,323
3,708
6,138
3,761
2,247
9.9
(
0.2)
8.1
8.0
10.5
(
0.3)
28.4
43.1
1975
...........................
17,770
13,799
3,838
6,748
4,577
2,813
9.7
(
0.2)
8.3
7.7
12.5
(
0.3)
29.4
44.2
1980
...........................
19,699
14,587
4,195
6,817
4,940
2,813
10.2
(
0.2)
8.6
8.0
13.4
(
0.4)
28.0
41.6
1985
...........................
22,860
17,125
4,983
7,838
5,990
3,372
11.4
(
0.2)
9.9
9.1
15.6
(
0.4)
29.8
45.2
1990
...........................
22,326
15,916
4,622
7,696
6,210
3,597
10.7
(
0.2)
9.0
8.1
15.1
(
0.4)
29.8
45.9
1991
...........................
23,747
17,268
5,022
8,316
6,806
3,941
11.3
(
0.2)
9.7
8.8
16.1
(
0.4)
31.5
47.1
1992
...........................
25,259
18,294
5,160
8,333
6,907
3,783
11.9
(
0.2)
10.1
8.9
16.0
(
0.4)
30.8
45.3
1993
...........................
26,226
18,968
5,452
9,123
7,199
4,102
12.2
(
0.2)
10.5
9.4
17.0
(
0.4)
31.0
45.6
1994
...........................
25,379
18,474
5,312
8,826
7,228
4,099
11.7
(
0.2)
10.1
9.1
16.3
(
0.4)
31.8
45.7
1995
...........................
24,423
17,593
4,994
8,474
7,047
4,051
11.2
(
0.2)
9.6
8.5
15.5
(
0.4)
29.7
42.5
1996
...........................
24,650
17,621
5,059
8,488
7,073
4,029
11.2
(
0.2)
9.6
8.6
15.5
(
0.4)
29.8
43.1
1997
...........................
24,396
17,258
4,990
8,441
7,296
4,186
11.0
(
0.2)
9.3
8.4
15.4
(
0.4)
30.7
44.3
1998
...........................
23,454
16,549
4,829
7,935
6,674
3,875
10.5
(
0.2)
8.9
8.0
14.4
(
0.4)
27.6
40.0
1999
...........................
21,922
15,141
4,377
7,123
5,891
3,266
9.8
(
0.2)
8.1
7.3
12.9
(
0.4)
24.7
35.5
Black
2
1959
...........................
9,927
9,112
1,860
5,022
2,416
1,475
55.1
(
1.0)
54.9
48.1
65.5
(
1.3)
70.6
81.6
1966
...........................
8,867
8,090
1,620
4,774
3,160
2,107
41.8
(
0.9)
40.9
35.5
50.6
(
1.3)
65.3
76.6
1970
...........................
7,548
6,683
1,481
3,922
3,656
2,383
33.5
(
0.9)
32.2
29.5
41.5
(
1.2)
58.7
67.7
1975
...........................
7,545
6,533
1,513
3,884
4,168
2,724
31.3
(
0.8)
30.1
27.1
41.4
(
1.2)
54.3
66.0
1980
...........................
8,579
7,190
1,826
3,906
4,984
2,944
32.5
(
0.8)
31.1
28.9
42.1
(
1.3)
53.4
64.8
1985
...........................
8,926
7,504
1,983
4,057
5,342
3,181
31.3
(
0.8)
30.5
28.7
43.1
(
1.3)
53.2
66.9
1990
...........................
9,837
8,160
2,193
4,412
6,005
3,543
31.9
(
0.8)
31.0
29.3
44.2
(
1.3)
50.6
64.7
1991
...........................
10,242
8,504
2,343
4,637
6,557
3,853
32.7
(
0.8)
32.0
30.4
45.6
(
1.3)
54.8
68.2
1992
...........................
10,827
9,134
2,435
4,850
6,799
3,967
33.4
(
0.8)
32.9
30.9
46.3
(
1.3)
54.0
67.1
1993
...........................
10,877
9,242
2,499
5,030
6,955
4,104
33.1
(
0.8)
32.9
31.3
45.9
(
1.3)
53.0
65.9
1994
...........................
10,196
8,447
2,212
4,787
6,489
3,935
30.6
(
0.8)
29.6
27.3
43.3
(
1.3)
50.2
63.2
1995
...........................
9,872
8,189
2,127
4,644
6,553
3,954
29.3
(
0.8)
28.5
26.4
41.5
(
1.3)
48.2
61.6
1996
...........................
9,694
7,993
2,206
4,411
6,123
3,619
28.4
(
0.8)
27.6
26.1
39.5
(
1.3)
46.4
58.2
1997
...........................
9,116
7,386
1,985
4,116
5,654
3,402
26.5
(
0.8)
25.5
23.6
36.8
(
1.3)
42.8
55.3
1998
...........................
9,091
7,259
1,981
4,073
5,629
3,366
26.1
(
0.8)
24.7
23.4
36.4
(
1.3)
42.8
54.7
1999
...........................
8,360
6,688
1,898
3,644
5,179
2,997
23.6
(
0.7)
22.7
21.9
32.7
(
1.3)
41.0
51.7
Hispanic
origin
3
1975
...........................
2,991
2,755
627
1,619
1,053
694
26.9
(
1.4)
26.3
25.1
33.1
(
1.7)
57.2
68.4
1980
...........................
3,491
3,143
751
1,718
1,319
809
25.7
(
1.3)
25.1
23.2
33.0
(
1.6)
54.5
65.0
1985
...........................
5,236
4,605
1,074
2,512
1,983
1,247
29.0
(
1.0)
28.3
25.5
39.6
(
1.6)
55.7
72.4
1990
...........................
6,006
5,091
1,244
2,750
2,115
1,314
28.1
(
1.0)
26.9
25.0
37.7
(
1.5)
53.0
68.4
1991
...........................
6,339
5,541
1,372
2,977
2,282
1,398
28.7
(
0.9)
28.2
26.5
39.8
(
1.5)
52.7
68.6
1992
...........................
7,592
6,455
1,395
2,946
2,474
1,289
29.6
(
0.9)
28.4
26.2
38.8
(
1.5)
51.5
65.7
1993
...........................
8,126
6,876
1,625
3,666
2,837
1,673
30.6
(
0.9)
29.3
27.3
39.9
(
1.4)
53.2
66.1
1994
...........................
8,416
7,357
1,724
3,956
2,920
1,804
30.7
(
0.9)
30.2
27.8
41.1
(
1.4)
54.8
68.3
1995
...........................
8,574
7,341
1,695
3,938
3,053
1,872
30.3
(
0.9)
29.2
27.0
39.3
(
1.4)
52.8
65.7
1996
...........................
8,697
7,515
1,748
4,090
3,020
1,779
29.4
(
0.9)
28.5
26.4
39.9
(
1.4)
53.5
67.4
1997
...........................
8,308
7,198
1,721
3,865
2,911
1,758
27.1
(
0.8)
26.2
24.7
36.4
(
1.3)
50.9
62.8
1998
...........................
8,070
6,814
1,648
3,670
2,837
1,739
25.6
(
0.8)
24.3
22.7
33.6
(
1.3)
46.7
59.6
1999
...........................
7,439
6,349
1,525
3,382
2,488
1,471
22.8
(
0.7)
21.7
20.2
29.9
(
1.2)
40.7
52.4
Asian
and
Pacific
Islander
1990
...........................
858
712
 
356
132
 
12.2
(
1.2)
11.3
 
17.0
(
2.2)
20.7
 
1991
...........................
996
773
 
348
177
 
13.8
(
1.3)
12.1
 
17.1
(
2.3)
24.6
 
1992
...........................
985
787
 
352
183
 
12.7
(
1.2)
11.4
 
16.0
(
2.1)
25.0
 
1993
...........................
1,134
898
 
358
126
 
15.3
(
1.3)
13.6
 
17.6
(
2.3)
17.4
 
1994
...........................
974
776
 
308
137
 
14.6
(
1.3)
13.1
 
17.9
(
2.5)
23.6
 
1995
...........................
1,411
1,112
 
532
266
 
14.6
(
1.2)
13.0
 
18.6
(
2.1)
28.9
 
1996
...........................
1,454
1,172
 
553
300
 
14.5
(
1.1)
13.2
 
19.1
(
2.1)
29.5
 
1997
...........................
1,468
1,116
244
 
313
 
14.0
(
1.1)
12.0
10.2
 
 
33.6
 
1998
...........................
1,360
1,087
270
 
373
 
12.5
(
1.0)
11.4
11.0
 
 
33.2
 
1999
...........................
1,163
919
 
 
253
 
10.7
(
1.0)
9.6
 
 
 
23.0
 
 
Not
available.

1
Refers
to
the
person
who
owns
or
rents
(
maintains)
the
housing
unit.

2
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

3
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
60,
``
Poverty
in
the
United
States,''
various
years;
and
``
Income,
Poverty
and
Valuation
of
Noncash
Benefits,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
29
ALL
LEVELS:
OPINIONS
ON
EDUCATION
Table
22.
 
Average
grade
that
the
public
would
give
the
schools
in
their
community
and
in
the
nation
at
large:
1974
to
2001
Year
All
adults
No
children
in
school
Public
school
parents
Private
school
parents
Nation
Local
community
Local
neighborhood
Nation
Local
community
Local
neighborhood
Nation
Local
community
Local
neighborhood
Nation
Local
community
Local
neighborhood
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1974
...............................................
 
2.63
 
 
2.57
 
 
2.80
 
 
2.15
 
1975
...............................................
 
2.38
 
 
2.31
 
 
2.49
 
 
1.81
 
1976
...............................................
 
2.38
 
 
2.34
 
 
2.48
 
 
2.22
 
1977
...............................................
 
2.33
 
 
2.25
 
 
2.59
 
 
2.05
 
1978
...............................................
 
2.21
 
 
2.11
 
 
2.47
 
 
1.69
 
1979
...............................................
 
2.21
 
 
2.15
 
 
2.38
 
 
1.88
 
1980
...............................................
 
2.26
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1981
...............................................
1.94
2.20
 
 
2.12
 
 
2.36
 
 
1.88
 
1982
...............................................
2.01
2.24
 
2.04
2.18
 
2.01
2.35
 
2.02
2.20
 
1983
...............................................
1.91
2.12
 
1.92
2.10
 
1.92
2.31
 
1.82
1.89
 
1984
...............................................
2.09
2.36
 
2.11
2.30
 
2.11
2.49
 
2.04
2.17
 
1985
...............................................
2.14
2.39
 
2.16
2.36
 
2.20
2.44
 
1.93
2.00
 
1986
...............................................
2.13
2.36
 
 
2.29
 
 
2.55
 
 
2.14
 
1987
...............................................
2.18
2.44
 
2.20
2.38
 
2.22
2.61
 
2.03
2.01
 
1988
...............................................
2.08
2.35
 
2.02
2.32
 
2.13
2.48
 
2.00
2.13
 
1989
...............................................
2.01
2.35
 
1.99
2.27
 
2.06
2.56
 
1.93
2.12
 
1990
...............................................
1.99
2.29
 
1.98
2.27
 
2.03
2.44
 
1.85
2.09
 
1991
...............................................
2.00
2.36
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1992
...............................................
1.93
2.30
 
1.92
 
 
1.94
2.73
 
1.85
 
 
1993
...............................................
1.95
2.41
 
1.97
2.40
 
1.97
2.48
 
1.80
2.11
 
1994
...............................................
1.95
2.26
2.43
1.95
2.16
2.34
1.90
2.55
2.64
1.86
1.90
2.23
1995
...............................................
1.97
2.28
2.47
1.98
2.25
2.43
1.93
2.41
2.56
1.81
1.85
2.09
1996
...............................................
1.93
2.30
 
1.91
2.22
 
2.00
2.56
 
1.80
1.86
 
1997
...............................................
1.97
2.35
 
1.99
2.27
 
2.01
2.56
 
1.99
1.87
 
1998
...............................................
1.93
2.41
 
1.91
2.36
 
1.96
2.51
 
1.81
2.20
 
1999
...............................................
2.02
2.44
 
2.03
2.42
 
1.97
2.56
 
 
 
 
2000
...............................................
1.98
2.47
 
1.94
2.44
 
2.05
2.59
 
 
 
 
2001
...............................................
2.01
2.47
 
2.00
2.42
 
2.04
2.66
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Average
based
on
a
scale
where
A=
4,
B=
3,
C=
2,
D=
1,
and
F=
0.
SOURCE:
Phi
Delta
Kappa,
``
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)

Table
23.
 
Items
most
frequently
cited
by
the
general
public
as
a
major
problem
facing
the
local
public
schools:
1970
to
2001
Problems
Percent
1970
1975
1980
1985
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Lack
of
discipline
.......................
18
23
26
25
22
19
19
19
20
17
15
18
15
15
15
14
18
15
15
Lack
of
financial
support
...........
17
14
10
9
14
12
13
13
18
22
21
13
11
13
15
12
9
18
15
Fighting/
violence/
gangs
.............
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9
13
18
9
14
12
15
11
11
10
Use
of
drugs
..............................
11
9
14
18
30
32
34
38
22
22
16
11
7
16
14
10
8
9
9
Standards/
quality
of
education
..
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8
4
 
8
6
2
5
 
Large
schools/
overcrowding
.....
 
10
7
5
8
6
8
7
9
9
8
7
3
8
8
8
8
12
10
Lack
of
respect
..........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
3
2
 
2
2
2
 
Lack
of
family
structure/
problems
of
home
life
............
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5
3
4
 
 
 
 
 
Crime/
vandalism
........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4
2
3
 
2
5
5
 
Getting
good
teachers
...............
12
11
6
10
9
11
7
7
11
5
5
3
2
3
3
5
4
4
6
Parents'
lack
of
interest
............
3
2
6
3
6
7
6
4
7
5
4
3
2
 
 
2
4
4
 
Poor
curriculum/
standards
........
6
5
11
11
8
11
8
8
10
9
9
3
2
3
 
1
2
2
 
Pupils'
lack
of
interest/
truancy
..
 
3
5
5
6
5
3
6
5
3
4
3
2
5
6
5
2
 
 
Integration/
segregation/
racial
discrimination
...............
17
15
10
4
4
4
4
5
5
4
4
3
2
2
 
 
 
 
 
Management
of
funds/
programs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Moral
standards
........................
 
 
 
2
7
6
3
3
3
4
3
 
 
 
 
2
2
 
 
Low
teacher
pay
........................
 
 
 
2
5
4
4
6
4
3
3
 
 
 
 
2
2
4
 
Teachers'
lack
of
interest
..........
 
 
6
4
5
3
4
4
2
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Drinking/
alcoholism
...................
 
 
2
3
6
5
4
4
2
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lack
of
proper
facilities
.............
11
3
2
1
2
1
1
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
SOURCE:
Phi
Delta
Kappa,
``
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)
30
ALL
LEVELS:
OPINIONS
ON
EDUCATION
Table
24.
 
Public
opinion
on
the
difference
in
education
quality
and
funding
within
states:
1993
and
2001
Question
1993
2001
Great
deal
and
quite
a
lot
Not
too
much
Not
at
all
Do
not
know
Great
deal
and
quite
a
lot
Not
too
much
Not
at
all
Do
not
know
Total
A
great
deal
Quite
a
lot
Total
A
great
deal
Quite
a
lot
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
How
much
would
you
say
the
quality
of
the
education
provided
by
the
public
schools
in
your
your
state
differs
from
school
district
to
school
district?
National
totals
...............................................................................
62
33
29
30
1
7
59
33
26
33
2
6
No
children
in
school
................................................................
61
31
30
30
1
8
56
31
25
35
2
7
Public
school
parents
................................................................
62
35
27
33
1
4
65
38
27
29
2
4
How
much
would
you
say
the
amount
of
money
spent
on
the
public
schools
in
your
state
differs
from
school
district
to
school
district?
National
totals
...............................................................................
54
28
26
33
3
10
57
28
29
28
3
12
No
children
in
school
................................................................
52
28
24
34
3
11
56
27
29
28
3
13
Public
school
parents
................................................................
58
26
32
32
3
7
60
31
29
28
3
9
How
much
does
the
amount
of
money
spent
on
a
public
school
student's
education
affect
the
quality
of
his
or
her
education?
National
totals
...............................................................................
68
38
30
25
5
2
68
38
30
25
5
2
No
children
in
school
................................................................
67
37
30
25
6
2
65
34
31
27
6
2
Public
school
parents
................................................................
70
40
30
25
2
3
73
44
29
23
3
1
SOURCE:
Phi
Delta
Kappa,
``
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)

Table
25.
 
Percent
of
elementary
and
secondary
school
children
whose
parents
are
involved
in
school
activities,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
Characteristics
of
children,
parents,
and
schools
Percent
of
children
in
1996
whose
parents
1
report
that
they
 
Distribution
of
children,
by
parental
reports
of
number
of
times
spent
helping
with
homework
per
week,
1996
2
Percent
of
children
in
1999
whose
parents
1
report
that
they
 
Attended
a
general
school
meeting
Attended
parentteacher
conference
Attended
a
class
event
Volunteered
at
school
Less
than
once
per
week
1
or
2
times
per
week
3
or
4
times
per
week
5
or
more
times
per
week
Attended
a
general
school
meeting
Attende
parent
teacher
conference
Attended
class
event
Volunteered
at
school
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
..................................................
76.4
70.6
66.1
39.6
26.7
35.1
25.8
12.3
78.3
(
0.4)
72.8
(
0.4)
65.4
(
0.5)
36.8
(
0.4)

Sex
of
child
Male
...............................................
75.6
71.9
64.5
38.7
27.4
33.5
26.2
12.9
78.0
(
0.6)
74.0
(
0.6)
63.4
(
0.6)
36.7
(
0.6)
Female
...........................................
77.3
69.3
67.8
40.6
25.9
36.9
25.4
11.8
78.6
(
0.6)
71.5
(
0.6)
67.4
(
0.6)
37.0
(
0.6)
Race/
ethnicity
of
child
White,
non­
Hispanic
......................
78.5
71.2
70.9
44.5
28.2
37.0
24.8
10.1
80.5
(
0.5)
73.6
(
0.5)
71.6
(
0.5)
42.7
(
0.6)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.......................
71.9
68.0
56.0
29.5
21.9
30.0
28.6
19.5
74.5
(
1.1)
71.1
(
1.2)
53.8
(
1.3)
26.2
(
1.1)
Hispanic
.........................................
72.7
70.7
54.8
27.7
25.4
31.1
27.9
15.6
73.1
(
1.0)
71.0
(
1.0)
51.5
(
1.1)
24.5
(
0.9)
Other
non­
Hispanic
........................
72.6
71.4
63.4
36.2
24.3
37.5
26.1
12.0
76.7
(
1.8)
73.2
(
1.9)
62.4
(
2.0)
30.7
(
1.8)
Highest
education
level
of
parents
Less
than
high
school
...................
57.6
62.5
42.4
18.3
28.7
30.0
24.5
16.7
57.4
(
1.7)
60.0
(
1.7)
37.8
(
1.6)
12.9
(
1.1)
High
school
graduate
....................
71.1
68.2
59.5
31.1
26.4
34.2
25.7
13.6
72.7
(
0.8)
69.7
(
0.9)
58.7
(
0.9)
26.0
(
0.8)
Some
postsecondary
.....................
77.4
71.1
68.4
40.2
26.4
35.8
26.1
11.6
79.1
(
0.7)
73.7
(
0.7)
66.8
(
0.8)
37.5
(
0.8)
College
graduate
...........................
86.1
75.1
75.5
52.2
25.4
38.8
25.3
10.5
87.3
(
0.8)
80.3
(
0.9)
75.6
(
1.0)
49.7
(
1.1)
Graduate/
professional
...................
87.6
75.1
81.0
56.8
27.9
35.1
26.8
10.2
88.8
(
0.7)
75.9
(
1.0)
78.9
(
0.9)
54.3
(
1.1)
Family
Income
Less
than
$
5,000
...........................
67.0
68.3
49.8
27.0
23.7
28.3
27.7
20.4
67.0
(
2.6)
66.7
(
2.6)
47.4
(
2.9)
17.6
(
2.0)
$
5,001
to
$
10,000
.........................
63.8
67.4
49.6
24.4
26.7
32.1
27.6
13.7
66.8
(
2.0)
67.6
(
2.0)
50.7
(
2.1)
23.3
(
1.8)
$
10,001
to
15,000
.........................
67.4
66.9
60.3
29.9
26.8
36.0
22.7
14.6
67.1
(
1.8)
70.0
(
1.7)
49.9
(
1.9)
20.4
(
1.5)
$
15,001
to
20,000
.........................
69.1
67.4
55.8
26.8
27.7
33.3
23.4
15.6
71.1
(
1.7)
70.4
(
1.7)
55.1
(
1.9)
25.3
(
1.7)
$
20,001
to
25,000
.........................
69.0
68.7
58.5
29.2
25.9
34.9
26.5
12.7
70.6
(
1.6)
67.0
(
1.7)
53.4
(
1.7)
26.2
(
1.5)
$
25,001
to
30,000
.........................
72.0
69.2
61.7
33.0
28.1
34.8
27.3
9.8
74.3
(
1.5)
71.6
(
1.5)
59.1
(
1.7)
30.9
(
1.6)
$
30,001
to
35,000
.........................
79.0
69.1
68.8
41.6
27.9
35.6
24.8
11.6
79.0
(
1.4)
73.8
(
1.5)
67.6
(
1.6)
37.9
(
1.7)
$
35,001
to
40,000
.........................
78.9
72.8
69.6
41.7
24.9
37.3
27.0
10.7
79.4
(
1.3)
73.7
(
1.4)
68.4
(
1.5)
36.1
(
1.6)
$
40,001
to
50,000
.........................
80.7
73.9
72.8
45.3
27.1
35.3
25.3
12.4
81.6
(
1.0)
75.1
(
1.1)
72.8
(
1.2)
40.1
(
1.3)
$
50,001
to
75,000
.........................
83.9
72.2
75.0
49.1
25.9
37.0
26.3
10.8
84.6
(
0.8)
74.8
(
0.9)
72.6
(
0.9)
43.8
(
1.0)
Over
$
75,000
.................................
88.2
73.8
79.1
57.3
28.3
36.6
25.1
9.9
88.5
(
0.7)
77.3
(
0.8)
79.3
(
0.8)
54.9
(
1.0)
Child
attending
public
schools
3
........
75.3
70.6
64.8
35.4
26.6
35.9
25.4
12.1
76.8
(
0.4)
71.4
(
0.5)
63.5
(
0.5)
33.8
(
0.5)
Elementary
(
kindergarten
to
grade
8)
3
............................
80.2
79.8
67.8
39.4
15.5
35.1
33.2
16.2
81.7
(
0.5)
80.8
(
0.5)
66.7
(
0.6)
38.0
(
0.6)
Secondary
(
grades
9
to
12)
3
.....
63.2
47.7
57.5
25.5
52.0
37.7
7.7
2.5
65.7
(
0.9)
50.0
(
0.9)
56.2
(
0.9)
24.1
(
0.8)
Child
attending
private
schools
3
.......
90.2
82.3
82.8
66.4
27.2
28.7
29.2
14.9
91.4
(
0.8)
85.0
(
0.9)
81.7
(
1.0)
63.8
(
1.3)
Elementary
(
kindergarten
to
grade
8)
3
............................
92.2
87.8
86.1
70.8
14.5
28.5
37.0
19.9
93.0
(
0.8)
90.2
(
0.8)
84.1
(
1.1)
68.8
(
1.4)
Secondary
(
grades
9
to
12)
3
.....
85.0
67.4
73.7
54.4
57.4
29.0
10.8
2.8
85.8
(
2.1)
66.7
(
2.8)
73.3
(
2.5)
46.3
(
3.0)

1
The
respondent
was
the
parent
most
knowledgeable
about
the
child's
education.
The
responding
parent
reported
on
their
own
and
their
spouse's
or
other
household
adults'
activities.
Except
where
noted,
includes
children
enrolled
in
nursery
school
through
grade
12.

2
Includes
children
enrolled
in
grades
1
through
12.

3
Excludes
home­
schooled
children.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey,
1996,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
31
ALL
LEVELS:
OPINIONS
ON
EDUCATION
Table
26.
 
Percent
of
elementary
school
children
whose
parents
are
involved
in
education­
related
activities,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
Characteristics
of
children,
parents,
and
schools
Percent
of
children
1
in
1996
whose
parents
report
that
they
did
the
following
things
in
the
past
month
 
Percent
of
children
1
in
1999
whose
parents
report
that
they
did
the
following
things
in
the
past
month
 
Percent
of
children
in
1999
whose
parents
involved
them
in
the
following
activities
during
the
last
month
1
Visited
a
library
Went
to
a
play,
concert,
or
other
live
show
Visited
an
art
gallery
museum
or
historical
site
Visited
a
zoo
or
aquarium
Visited
a
library
Went
to
a
play,
concert
or
other
live
show
Visited
an
art
gallery,
museum,
or
historical
site
Visited
a
zoo
or
aquarium
Talked
about
family
history
Attended
an
event
sponsored
by
a
community
religious
or
ethnic
group
Told
a
story
Worked
on
arts
or
crafts
Worked
on
household
chores
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
......................................
48.7
32.5
21.2
15.7
48.6
(
0.7)
32.1
(
0.6)
22.2
(
0.6)
14.1
(
0.4)
54.9
(
0.7)
52.8
(
0.7)
69.4
(
0.6)
67.9
(
0.6)
93.7
(
0.3)

Sex
of
child
Male
..................................
48.5
30.3
20.6
15.3
47.2
(
0.9)
30.5
(
0.9)
22.3
(
0.8)
13.9
(
0.6)
53.3
(
0.9)
50.8
(
0.9)
69.0
(
0.9)
64.2
(
0.9)
92.9
(
0.5)
Female
..............................
49.0
34.7
21.8
16.0
50.1
(
1.0)
33.7
(
0.9)
22.2
(
0.8)
14.3
(
0.6)
56.6
(
1.0)
54.9
(
1.0)
69.7
(
0.9)
71.9
(
0.9)
94.6
(
0.5)
Race/
ethnicity
of
child
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
51.7
32.2
21.0
13.3
48.9
(
0.9)
33.9
(
0.8)
22.3
(
0.7)
12.0
(
0.5)
52.7
(
0.9)
54.6
(
0.9)
70.9
(
0.8)
72.4
(
0.8)
96.1
(
0.4)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
43.9
38.1
22.2
21.6
47.8
(
1.8)
31.2
(
1.6)
20.9
(
1.4)
15.8
(
1.2)
60.1
(
1.9)
52.9
(
1.9)
64.9
(
1.8)
58.6
(
1.8)
93.9
(
0.8)
Hispanic
............................
38.9
26.6
19.6
19.3
43.9
(
1.5)
24.3
(
1.2)
20.7
(
1.2)
19.6
(
1.1)
53.5
(
1.5)
45.7
(
1.5)
66.5
(
1.4)
59.3
(
1.5)
84.5
(
1.1)
Other
non­
Hispanic
...........
52.3
33.2
24.3
18.3
61.4
(
2.9)
34.8
(
2.9)
29.8
(
2.9)
18.1
(
2.0)
70.4
(
2.7)
51.6
(
3.0)
73.8
(
2.7)
69.0
(
2.6)
91.8
(
1.6)
Highest
education
level
of
parents
Less
than
high
school
......
30.1
25.6
16.7
18.9
34.3
(
2.3)
17.4
(
1.7)
12.1
(
1.5)
15.1
(
1.6)
44.9
(
2.5)
36.6
(
2.3)
61.6
(
2.4)
54.1
(
2.5)
81.4
(
1.8)
High
school
graduate
.......
40.0
27.9
15.0
14.4
40.3
(
1.4)
25.9
(
1.2)
16.0
(
1.0)
12.9
(
0.8)
47.6
(
1.4)
42.6
(
1.4)
66.5
(
1.3)
64.3
(
1.3)
92.8
(
0.7)
Some
postsecondary
........
49.7
33.3
20.4
15.4
48.2
(
1.2)
31.8
(
1.1)
20.9
(
0.9)
12.6
(
0.7)
57.4
(
1.2)
53.6
(
1.2)
70.1
(
1.1)
69.4
(
1.1)
95.8
(
0.5)
College
graduate
..............
60.1
35.8
27.3
16.3
57.4
(
1.5)
40.3
(
1.5)
29.0
(
1.4)
15.1
(
1.0)
60.2
(
1.5)
64.5
(
1.4)
74.1
(
1.3)
73.8
(
1.3)
96.0
(
0.6)
Graduate/
professional
......
65.3
41.6
32.5
16.3
62.4
(
1.6)
42.4
(
1.6)
34.2
(
1.6)
17.5
(
1.3)
62.8
(
1.6)
65.3
(
1.6)
72.0
(
1.5)
72.7
(
1.5)
95.4
(
0.7)
Family
Income
Less
than
$
5,000
..............
40.4
38.1
19.8
19.2
42.7
(
4.3)
24.9
(
3.1)
16.5
(
2.7)
16.6
(
2.6)
54.5
(
4.1)
37.3
(
3.9)
67.5
(
4.1)
55.9
(
4.2)
90.9
(
2.0)
$
5,001
to
$
10,000
............
37.2
27.3
16.1
17.0
43.8
(
2.9)
21.0
(
2.3)
17.7
(
2.1)
14.5
(
1.9)
49.8
(
2.9)
38.8
(
2.8)
69.5
(
2.7)
58.4
(
2.9)
89.9
(
1.7)
$
10,001
to
15,000
............
37.3
29.6
16.8
15.6
44.8
(
2.7)
24.5
(
2.2)
18.2
(
2.1)
15.3
(
2.0)
54.7
(
2.7)
45.5
(
2.7)
66.7
(
2.5)
61.2
(
2.6)
91.9
(
1.4)
$
15,001
to
20,000
............
41.1
25.7
13.9
16.8
43.1
(
2.7)
25.8
(
2.3)
13.3
(
1.6)
13.8
(
1.7)
49.2
(
2.7)
47.2
(
2.7)
62.4
(
2.6)
64.1
(
2.5)
91.4
(
1.4)
$
20,001
to
25,000
............
42.3
30.8
20.9
14.9
38.6
(
2.3)
26.1
(
2.1)
18.6
(
1.8)
14.6
(
1.5)
53.0
(
2.5)
47.4
(
2.5)
67.6
(
2.4)
63.4
(
2.3)
89.8
(
1.4)
$
25,001
to
30,000
............
43.3
27.1
17.7
16.0
45.3
(
2.4)
30.4
(
2.3)
20.7
(
2.0)
14.4
(
1.6)
53.3
(
2.4)
50.1
(
2.4)
70.6
(
2.2)
68.7
(
2.2)
94.6
(
0.9)
$
30,001
to
35,000
............
50.5
30.0
21.3
15.9
49.3
(
2.5)
31.1
(
2.3)
21.6
(
2.1)
11.9
(
1.5)
54.7
(
2.5)
53.8
(
2.4)
69.3
(
2.2)
66.2
(
2.3)
93.1
(
1.5)
$
35,001
to
40,000
............
56.4
32.6
17.3
13.2
52.0
(
2.4)
34.5
(
2.2)
23.5
(
2.0)
13.1
(
1.4)
57.0
(
2.4)
59.2
(
2.3)
72.5
(
2.1)
71.4
(
2.1)
96.2
(
0.8)
$
40,001
to
50,000
............
55.1
32.7
21.1
13.2
52.1
(
2.0)
32.5
(
1.8)
22.5
(
1.6)
13.1
(
1.3)
55.8
(
1.9)
58.4
(
1.9)
68.9
(
1.8)
72.2
(
1.7)
95.6
(
0.7)
$
50,001
to
75,000
............
55.5
33.3
25.1
13.4
51.5
(
1.5)
34.6
(
1.5)
23.1
(
1.3)
12.2
(
0.9)
53.8
(
1.5)
57.5
(
1.5)
70.9
(
1.4)
72.5
(
1.4)
96.2
(
0.6)
Over
$
75,000
....................
59.6
42.6
31.4
19.0
55.5
(
1.5)
44.4
(
1.5)
31.7
(
1.4)
15.8
(
1.0)
60.8
(
1.5)
62.0
(
1.4)
71.4
(
1.4)
74.4
(
1.3)
95.4
(
0.7)
Child
attending
public
schools
2
...........................
48.3
31.7
19.9
14.7
47.5
(
0.7)
30.4
(
0.7)
21.0
(
0.6)
13.7
(
0.5)
54.4
(
0.7)
51.1
(
0.7)
68.7
(
0.7)
67.4
(
0.7)
93.6
(
0.4)
Child
attending
private
schools
2
...........................
58.2
37.2
27.8
16.9
56.6
(
1.8)
44.2
(
1.8)
31.2
(
1.6)
17.0
(
1.3)
58.5
(
1.7)
64.9
(
1.7)
73.9
(
1.6)
71.6
(
1.5)
94.6
(
0.8)

1
Includes
children
enrolled
in
nursery
school
through
grade
5.
2
Excludes
nursery
school
and
home­
schooled
children.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey,
1996
and
1999,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
32
ALL
LEVELS:
OPINIONS
ON
EDUCATION
Table
27.
 
Public's
level
of
confidence
in
various
institutions:
1996
and
1998
Institution
Percent
of
respondents
by
levels
of
confidence,
1996
Percent
of
respondents
by
levels
of
confidence,
1998
A
great
deal
Quite
a
lot
Some
Very
little
No
opinion
A
great
deal
Quite
a
lot
Some
Very
little
No
opinion
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Private
higher
education
...........................................................
18.3
38.7
28.3
7.5
7.1
 
 
 
 
 
Small
businesses
......................................................................
15.3
40.8
32.6
7.6
3.6
25.0
31.0
34.0
9.0
1.0
Religious
organizations
.............................................................
23.6
31.1
31.3
12.3
1.7
34.0
25.0
26.0
12.0
2.0
The
military
...............................................................................
16.9
37.0
31.0
12.1
3.1
33.0
31.0
25.0
8.0
2.0
Public
higher
education
............................................................
15.0
36.4
34.2
11.6
2.8
 
 
 
 
 
Private
elementary
or
secondary
education
.............................
15.1
35.3
33.4
9.7
6.5
 
 
 
 
 
Youth
development
and
recreation
..........................................
14.8
35.2
32.7
11.6
5.7
 
 
 
 
 
Public
elementary
or
secondary
education
..............................
13.3
31.7
37.2
15.3
2.4
16.0
21.0
40.0
20.0
1.0
Health
organizations
.................................................................
10.8
28.2
42.0
15.9
3.1
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
charitable
appeals,
e.
g.,
United
Way
......................
12.6
26.3
34.9
21.6
4.5
 
 
 
 
 
Human
services
organizations
.................................................
9.1
28.1
42.6
15.1
5.0
 
 
 
 
 
Arts,
culture,
and
humanities
organizations
.............................
9.3
26.7
39.8
14.3
9.9
 
 
 
 
 
Recreation
for
adults
................................................................
7.8
27.5
41.9
13.4
9.4
 
 
 
 
 
Environmental
organizations
....................................................
9.4
23.1
41.0
20.3
6.2
 
 
 
 
 
Private
and
community
foundations
.........................................
7.6
24.0
42.3
13.5
12.6
 
 
 
 
 
Local
government
.....................................................................
5.4
25.9
43.3
23.1
2.3
 
 
 
 
 
Public/
society
benefit,
e.
g.,
civil
rights,
social
justice,
community
improvement
organizations
................................
7.5
22.7
43.4
20.8
5.6
 
 
 
 
 
Media,
e.
g.,
newspapers,
TV,
radio
.........................................
6.3
22.7
39.5
29.7
1.8
 
 
 
 
 
Television
news
........................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
15.0
19.0
40.0
24.0
1.0
Work­
related
organizations
.......................................................
6.1
21.5
47.2
17.4
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
State
government
.....................................................................
4.1
22.2
44.9
26.4
2.5
 
 
 
 
 
International/
foreign,
e.
g.,
culture
exchange,
relief
organizations
.......................................................................................
6.3
19.1
37.5
24.2
12.8
 
 
 
 
 
Organized
labor
........................................................................
6.6
17.7
40.9
29.3
5.6
11.0
15.0
45.0
22.0
5.0
Major
corporations
....................................................................
4.9
18.7
44.2
27.4
4.8
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
government
..................................................................
5.2
17.5
43.9
31.1
2.2
 
 
 
 
 
Organizations
that
advocate
a
particular
cause
.......................
4.0
15.7
42.7
29.5
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
Congress
...................................................................................
3.4
12.4
41.7
39.0
3.5
10.0
18.0
48.0
20.0
2.0
Political
organizations,
e.
g.,
Republican
or
Democratic
parties
3.8
10.8
39.2
42.6
3.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Institutions
are
listed
in
rank
order
as
determined
by
the
combined
responses
of
``
a
great
deal''
and
``
quite
a
lot''
of
confidence
for
1996.
SOURCE:
Independent
Sector,
The
Gallup
Organization,
Giving
and
Volunteering
in
the
United
States,
1996
and
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1998.)

Table
28.
 
Percentage
of
households
contributing
to
education
and
other
charitable
organizations
and
average
annual
donation,
by
type
of
charity:
1989,
1991,
1993,
and
1995
Type
of
charity
1989
1991
1993
1995
Percentage
of
total
households
1
Average
annual
contribution
Percentage
of
total
households
1
Average
annual
contribution
Percentage
of
total
households
1
Average
annual
contribution
Percentage
of
total
households
1
Average
annual
contribution
Per
contributing
household
Per
total
household
Per
contributing
household
Per
total
household
Per
contributing
household
Per
total
household
Per
contributing
household
Per
total
household
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10111213
Total
................................................................
75.1
$
978
$
734
72.2
$
899
$
649
73.4
$
880
$
646
68.5
$
1,017
$
696
Religious
.............................................................
53.2
896
477
51.3
800
410
49.2
817
402
48.0
868
417
Health
..................................................................
32.4
143
46
32.9
154
51
25.7
139
36
27.3
214
58
Human
services
..................................................
23.0
263
60
27.5
260
71
26.7
208
56
25.1
271
68
Youth
development
.............................................
21.6
129
28
22.1
114
25
17.9
106
19
20.9
137
29
Education
............................................................
19.1
291
56
21.1
225
47
17.5
424
74
20.3
318
65
Environment
........................................................
13.4
88
12
16.3
99
16
11.6
89
10
11.5
106
12
Arts,
culture,
and
humanities
..............................
9.6
193
19
9.4
194
18
8.1
139
11
9.4
216
20
Public
and
societal
benefit
..................................
11.2
120
13
11.2
132
15
11.2
160
18
10.3
122
13
Private
and
community
foundations
...................
6.4
116
7
6.0
113
7
5.3
144
8
6.1
181
11
Recreation,
adults
...............................................
6.2
135
8
6.3
164
10
4.6
193
9
7.0
161
11
International,
foreign
...........................................
4.2
202
8
3.5
198
7
2.8
(
2)
(
2)
6.1
283
17
Other
...................................................................
3.0
195
6
2.8
233
7
4.7
81
4
2.1
160
3
1
Percents
do
not
add
to
total
because
of
respondents
giving
to
more
than
one
type
of
charity.
2
Sample
size
too
small
for
reliable
data.

NOTE:
Details
for
total
households
do
not
add
to
totals
because
details
only
include
households
which
reported
a
donation
amount
for
the
particular
type
of
charity.
The
percentage
of
total
includes
households
who
reported
giving
donations,
but
did
not
specify
amount.

SOURCE:
Independent
Sector,
The
Gallup
Organization,
Giving
and
Volunteering
in
the
United
States,
1989,
1991,
1993,
and
1995.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1997.)
33
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
29.
 
Total
expenditures
of
educational
institutions
related
to
the
gross
domestic
product,
by
level
of
institution:
1929
 
30
to
2000
 
01
Year
Gross
domestic
product
(
in
billions)
School
year
Total
expenditures
for
education
(
amounts
in
millions
of
current
dollars)

All
educational
institutions
All
elementary
and
secondary
schools
All
colleges
and
universities
Amount
As
a
percent
of
gross
domestic
product
Amount
As
a
percent
of
gross
domestic
product
Amount
As
a
percent
of
gross
domestic
product
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1929
................................
$
103.7
1929
 
30
 
 
 
 
$
632
0.6
1939
................................
92.0
1939
 
40
 
 
 
 
758
0.8
1949
................................
267.7
1949
 
50
$
8,911
3.3
$
6,249
2.3
2,662
1.0
1959
................................
507.4
1959
 
60
23,860
4.7
16,713
3.3
7,147
1.4
1961
................................
545.7
1961
 
62
28,503
5.2
19,673
3.6
8,830
1.6
1963
................................
618.7
1963
 
64
34,440
5.6
22,825
3.7
11,615
1.9
1965
................................
720.1
1965
 
66
43,682
6.1
28,048
3.9
15,634
2.2
1967
................................
834.1
1967
 
68
55,652
6.7
35,077
4.2
20,575
2.5
1969
................................
985.3
1969
 
70
68,459
6.9
43,183
4.4
25,276
2.6
1970
................................
1,039.7
1970
 
71
75,741
7.3
48,200
4.6
27,541
2.6
1971
................................
1,128.6
1971
 
72
80,672
7.1
50,950
4.5
29,722
2.6
1972
................................
1,240.4
1972
 
73
86,875
7.0
54,952
4.4
31,923
2.6
1973
................................
1,385.5
1973
 
74
95,396
6.9
60,370
4.4
35,026
2.5
1974
................................
1,501.0
1974
 
75
108,664
7.2
68,846
4.6
39,818
2.7
1975
................................
1,635.2
1975
 
76
118,706
7.3
75,101
4.6
43,605
2.7
1976
................................
1,823.9
1976
 
77
126,417
6.9
79,194
4.3
47,223
2.6
1977
................................
2,031.4
1977
 
78
137,042
6.7
86,544
4.3
50,498
2.5
1978
................................
2,295.9
1978
 
79
148,308
6.5
93,012
4.1
55,296
2.4
1979
................................
2,566.4
1979
 
80
165,627
6.5
103,162
4.0
62,465
2.4
1980
................................
2,795.6
1980
 
81
182,849
6.5
112,325
4.0
70,524
2.5
1981
................................
3,131.3
1981
 
82
197,801
6.3
120,486
3.8
77,315
2.5
1982
................................
3,259.2
1982
 
83
212,081
6.5
128,725
3.9
83,356
2.6
1983
................................
3,534.9
1983
 
84
228,597
6.5
139,000
3.9
89,597
2.5
1984
................................
3,932.7
1984
 
85
247,657
6.3
149,400
3.8
98,257
2.5
1985
................................
4,213.0
1985
 
86
269,485
6.4
161,800
3.8
107,685
2.6
1986
................................
4,452.9
1986
 
87
291,974
6.6
175,200
3.9
116,774
2.6
1987
................................
4,742.5
1987
 
88
313,375
6.6
187,999
4.0
125,376
2.6
1988
................................
5,108.3
1988
 
89
346,883
6.8
209,377
4.1
137,506
2.7
1989
................................
5,489.1
1989
 
90
381,525
7.0
230,970
4.2
150,555
2.7
1990
................................
5,803.2
1990
 
91
412,652
7.1
248,930
4.3
163,722
2.8
1991
................................
5,986.2
1991
 
92
432,987
7.2
261,255
4.4
171,732
2.9
1992
................................
6,318.9
1992
 
93
456,070
7.2
274,335
4.3
181,735
2.9
1993
................................
6,642.3
1993
 
94
477,237
7.2
287,507
4.3
189,730
2.9
1994
................................
7,054.3
1994
 
95
503,925
7.1
302,400
4.3
201,525
2.9
1995
................................
7,400.5
1995
 
96
529,596
7.2
318,246
4.3
211,350
2.9
1996
................................
7,813.2
1996
 
97
562,451
7.2
339,151
4.3
223,300
2.9
1997
................................
8,318.4
1997
 
98
596,915
7.2
361,415
4.3
235,500
2.8
1998
................................
8,781.5
1998
 
99
1
633,459
7.2
384,059
4.4
249,400
2.8
1999
................................
9,268.6
1999
 
2000
2
669,000
7.2
404,300
4.4
264,700
2.9
2000
................................
9,872.9
2000
 
01
2
699,700
7.1
422,700
4.3
277,000
2.8
 
Not
available.
1
Preliminary
data
for
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
estimates
for
colleges
and
universities.
2
Estimated.

NOTE:
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
include
current
expenditures,
interest
on
school
debt,
and
capital
outlay.
Data
for
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
are
estimated.
Total
expenditures
for
colleges
and
universities
include
current­
fund
expenditures
and
additions
to
plant
value.
Excludes
expenditures
of
noncollegiate
postsecondary
institutions.
Data
for
1995
 
96
and
later
years
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Some
data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
survey;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS)
``
Finance''
survey;
and
unpublished
data;
Bureau
of
Economic
Analysis,
Survey
of
Current
Business;
and
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
34
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
30.
 
Total
expenditures
of
educational
institutions,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
1899
 
1900
to
2000
 
01
[
In
millions
of
dollars]

School
year
In
current
dollars
In
constant
2000
 
01
dollars
1
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
Colleges
and
universities
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
schools
Colleges
and
universities
Total
Public
Private
2
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1899
 
1900
...........................
 
 
$
215
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1909
 
10
...............................
 
 
426
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1919
 
20
...............................
 
 
1,036
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
9,519
 
1929
 
30
...............................
 
 
2,317
 
$
632
$
292
$
341
 
 
23,699
$
6,467
1939
 
40
...............................
 
 
2,344
 
758
392
367
 
 
29,368
9,503
1949
 
50
...............................
$
8,911
$
6,249
5,838
$
411
2,662
1,430
1,233
$
65,881
$
46,197
43,159
19,684
1951
 
52
...............................
10,735
7,861
7,344
517
2,874
1,565
1,309
71,511
52,370
48,926
19,148
1953
 
54
...............................
13,147
9,733
9,092
641
3,414
1,912
1,502
85,600
63,374
59,200
22,226
1955
 
56
...............................
15,907
11,727
10,955
772
4,180
2,348
1,832
103,604
76,380
71,351
27,225
1957
 
58
...............................
20,055
14,525
13,569
956
5,530
3,237
2,293
122,960
89,055
83,194
33,905
1959
 
60
...............................
23,860
16,713
15,613
1,100
7,147
3,904
3,244
142,183
99,594
93,039
42,590
1961
 
62
...............................
28,503
19,673
18,373
1,300
8,830
4,919
3,911
166,034
114,600
107,027
51,434
1963
 
64
...............................
34,440
22,825
21,325
1,500
11,615
6,558
5,057
195,520
129,579
121,063
65,941
1965
 
66
...............................
43,682
28,048
26,248
1,800
15,634
9,047
6,588
239,701
153,911
144,033
85,791
1967
 
68
...............................
55,652
35,077
32,977
2,100
20,575
12,750
7,824
286,527
180,597
169,785
105,930
1969
 
70
...............................
68,459
43,183
40,683
2,500
25,276
16,234
9,041
317,317
200,161
188,573
117,156
1970
 
71
...............................
75,741
48,200
45,500
2,700
27,541
18,028
9,513
333,834
212,446
200,545
121,388
1971
 
72
...............................
80,672
50,950
48,050
2,900
29,722
19,538
10,184
343,259
216,792
204,452
126,467
1972
 
73
...............................
86,875
54,952
51,852
3,100
31,923
21,144
10,779
355,334
224,764
212,085
130,570
1973
 
74
...............................
95,396
60,370
56,970
3,400
35,026
23,542
11,484
358,243
226,710
213,942
131,533
1974
 
75
...............................
108,664
68,846
64,846
4,000
39,818
26,966
12,852
367,358
232,746
219,223
134,612
1975
 
76
...............................
118,706
75,101
70,601
4,500
43,605
29,736
13,869
374,777
237,108
222,900
137,670
1976
 
77
...............................
126,417
79,194
74,194
5,000
47,223
31,997
15,226
377,131
236,253
221,337
140,878
1977
 
78
...............................
137,042
86,544
80,844
5,700
50,498
34,031
16,467
383,105
241,937
226,002
141,168
1978
 
79
...............................
148,308
93,012
86,712
6,300
55,296
37,110
18,187
379,089
237,746
221,642
141,343
1979
 
80
...............................
165,627
103,162
95,962
7,200
62,465
41,434
21,031
373,551
232,669
216,430
140,883
1980
 
81
...............................
182,849
112,325
104,125
8,200
70,524
46,559
23,965
369,587
227,038
210,464
142,548
1981
 
82
...............................
197,801
120,486
111,186
9,300
77,315
50,813
26,502
368,017
224,169
206,866
143,848
1982
 
83
...............................
212,081
128,725
118,425
10,300
83,356
54,338
29,018
378,337
229,635
211,261
148,701
1983
 
84
...............................
228,597
139,000
127,500
11,500
89,597
58,124
31,473
393,244
239,114
219,332
154,130
1984
 
85
...............................
247,657
149,400
137,000
12,400
98,257
63,705
34,553
409,984
247,324
226,797
162,659
1985
 
86
...............................
269,485
161,800
148,600
13,200
107,685
70,069
37,616
433,615
260,344
239,105
173,271
1986
 
87
...............................
291,974
175,200
160,900
14,300
116,774
74,552
42,222
459,597
275,783
253,273
183,814
1987
 
88
...............................
313,375
187,999
172,699
15,300
125,376
79,859
45,516
473,658
284,155
261,030
189,502
1988
 
89
...............................
346,883
209,377
192,977
16,400
137,506
87,107
50,398
501,160
302,498
278,804
198,662
1989
 
90
...............................
381,525
230,970
212,770
18,200
150,555
96,387
54,169
526,103
318,495
293,398
207,608
1990
 
91
...............................
412,652
248,930
229,430
19,500
163,722
104,433
59,288
539,528
325,467
299,972
214,061
1991
 
92
...............................
432,987
261,255
241,055
20,200
171,732
108,667
63,065
548,539
330,977
305,386
217,563
1992
 
93
...............................
456,070
274,335
252,935
21,400
181,735
115,169
66,566
560,282
337,020
310,731
223,261
1993
 
94
...............................
477,237
287,507
265,307
22,200
189,730
119,573
70,157
571,482
344,284
317,700
227,198
1994
 
95
...............................
503,925
302,400
279,000
23,400
201,525
127,594
73,930
586,626
352,028
324,788
234,598
1995
 
96
...............................
529,596
318,246
293,646
24,600
211,350
132,752
78,597
600,182
360,663
332,784
239,519
1996
 
97
...............................
562,451
339,151
313,151
26,000
223,300
139,600
2
83,600
619,734
373,692
345,044
246,042
1997
 
98
3
.............................
596,915
361,415
334,315
27,100
235,500
146,700
88,800
646,184
391,246
361,909
254,938
1998
 
99
4
.............................
633,459
384,059
355,859
28,200
249,400
154,000
95,400
674,075
408,684
378,676
265,391
1999
 
2000
2
.........................
669,000
404,300
375,000
29,300
264,700
163,200
101,500
691,920
418,151
387,848
273,769
2000
 
01
2
.............................
699,700
422,700
392,200
30,500
277,000
171,000
106,000
699,700
422,700
392,200
277,000
 
Not
available.
1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
adjusted
to
a
school
year
basis.
2
Estimated.
3
Data
for
college
and
universities
are
estimated.
4
Preliminary
data
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
estimates
for
colleges
and
universitiies.

NOTE:
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
include
current
expenditures,
interest
on
school
debt,
and
capital
outlay.
Data
for
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
are
estimated.
Total
expenditures
for
colleges
and
universities
include
current­
fund
expenditures
and
additions
to
plant
value.
Excludes
expenditures
of
noncollegiate
postsecondary
institutions.
College
and
university
education
data
for
1995
 
96
and
later
years
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
survey;
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
survey;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS)
``
Finance''
survey;
and
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
35
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
31.
 
Governmental
expenditures,
by
level
of
government
and
function:
1970
 
71
to
1997
 
98
Expenditure,
by
function
All
governments
1
Federal
government
State
and
local
governments
2
1970
 
71
1980
 
81
1990
 
91
1994
 
95
1970
 
71
1980
 
81
1990
 
91
1994
 
95
1970
 
71
1980
 
81
1990
 
91
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
In
millions
General
expenditures
.........................................
$
301,096
$
827,877
$
1,804,005
$
2,059,334
$
150,422
$
422,301
$
1,060,407
$
1,146,827
$
150,674
$
407,449
$
908,108
$
1,146,188
$
1,189,356
$
1,247,436
$
1,314,496
Selected
federal
programs
National
defense
and
international
relations
......
80,910
174,564
366,112
327,231
80,910
174,564
366,112
327,231
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Postal
service
......................................................
8,683
20,466
43,102
49,482
8,683
20,466
43,102
49,482
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Space
research
and
technology
.........................
3,334
5,523
13,514
13,316
3,334
5,523
13,514
13,316
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Education
and
libraries
............................................
64,042
158,012
334,333
410,827
4,629
12,408
46,025
55,794
60,174
147,649
313,744
383,557
404,579
425,346
456,934
Social
services
and
income
maintenance.

Public
welfare
......................................................
20,446
74,643
167,681
250,356
2,220
22,395
119,135
177,874
18,226
54,121
130,402
193,110
193,480
199,973
204,640
Hospitals
and
health
...........................................
14,835
47,378
102,817
132,463
3,630
11,277
28,207
36,392
11,205
36,101
81,110
105,946
110,813
110,332
114,024
Social
insurance
administration
..........................
2,031
5,075
27,356
31,350
1,086
16,575
23,949
27,198
945
2,333
3,407
4,152
4,156
4,252
4,422
Transportation
..........................................................
23,722
46,578
84,048
99,064
4,062
7,724
23,250
29,871
19,819
39,231
75,410
88,938
91,639
96,165
101,826
Public
safety.

Police
and
fire
protection
....................................
5,706
16,851
52,738
65,627
478
1,904
6,170
7,563
7,531
21,283
46,568
58,064
62,392
67,026
70,744
Correction
............................................................
1,979
7,806
29,297
38,922
94
413
1,941
3,065
1,885
7,393
27,356
35,857
37,510
39,946
42,479
Environment
and
housing.

Natural
resources,
parks,
recreation
...................
13,740
43,599
74,667
75,133
10,658
38,896
48,415
44,752
5,191
13,239
28,505
33,140
34,955
37,333
39,857
Housing
and
community
development
................
4,467
13,894
33,346
36,721
1,913
6,808
30,199
40,351
2,554
7,086
16,648
21,509
22,666
23,230
24,697
Sewerage
and
sanitation
....................................
 
 
31,014
38,573
 
 
 
 
4,087
14,898
31,014
38,573
39,365
41,549
41,765
Governmental
administration.

Financial
administration
......................................
3,612
10,944
27,204
34,824
1,341
3,714
10,209
12,444
2,271
7,230
16,995
22,380
22,633
24,400
25,914
General
control
3
.................................................
3,567
11,514
36,977
44,610
540
1,973
5,511
6,972
4,432
12,771
31,466
37,638
39,512
42,243
44,813
Interest
on
general
debt
...........................................
21,688
97,641
247,376
290,195
16,599
80,510
195,142
233,225
5,089
17,131
52,234
56,970
58,912
62,422
64,554
Other
and
unallocable
..............................................
28,334
93,389
132,424
120,641
10,245
17,151
99,526
81,297
7,265
26,983
53,250
66,355
66,744
73,217
77,829
Percentage
distribution
General
expenditures
.........................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selected
federal
programs
National
defense
and
international
relations
......
26.9
21.1
20.3
15.9
53.8
41.3
34.5
28.5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Postal
service
......................................................
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.4
5.8
4.8
4.1
4.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Space
research
and
technology
.........................
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.6
2.2
1.3
1.3
1.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Education
and
libraries
............................................
21.3
19.1
18.5
19.9
3.1
2.9
4.3
4.9
39.9
36.2
34.5
33.5
34.0
34.1
34.8
Social
services
and
income
maintenance.

Public
welfare
......................................................
6.8
9.0
9.3
12.2
1.5
5.3
11.2
15.5
12.1
13.3
14.4
16.8
16.3
16.0
15.6
Hospitals
and
health
...........................................
4.9
5.7
5.7
6.4
2.4
2.7
2.7
3.2
7.4
8.9
8.9
9.2
9.3
8.8
8.7
Social
insurance
administration
..........................
0.7
0.6
1.5
1.5
0.7
3.9
2.3
2.4
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
Transportation
..........................................................
7.9
5.6
4.7
4.8
2.7
1.8
2.2
2.6
13.2
9.6
8.3
7.8
7.7
7.7
7.7
Public
safety.

Police
and
fire
protection
....................................
1.9
2.0
2.9
3.2
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.7
5.0
5.2
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.4
Correction
............................................................
0.7
0.9
1.6
1.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
1.3
1.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
Environment
and
housing.

Natural
resources,
parks,
recreation
...................
4.6
5.3
4.1
3.6
7.1
9.2
4.6
3.9
3.4
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.0
Housing
and
community
development
................
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.3
1.6
2.8
3.5
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
Sewerage
and
sanitation
....................................
 
 
1.7
1.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
3.7
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
Governmental
administration.

Financial
administration
......................................
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.7
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.5
1.8
1.9
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
General
control
3
.................................................
1.2
1.4
2.0
2.2
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
2.9
3.1
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
Interest
on
general
debt
...........................................
7.2
11.8
13.7
14.1
11.0
19.1
18.4
20.3
3.4
4.2
5.8
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.9
Other
and
unallocable
..............................................
9.4
11.3
7.3
5.9
6.8
4.1
9.4
7.1
4.8
6.6
5.9
5.8
5.6
5.9
5.9
 
Not
available.

1
Excludes
duplicative
intergovernmental
transactions.

2
General
expenditures
include
monies
paid
by
states
to
the
federal
government,
which
are
excluded
from
direct
general
expenditures.

3
Includes
judicial
and
legal
expenditures
and
expenditures
on
general
and
public
buildings
and
other
governmental
administration.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)
36
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
32.
 
Direct
general
expenditures
of
state
and
local
governments
for
all
functions
and
for
education,
by
level
and
state:
1997
 
98
[
In
millions]

State
Total
direct
general
expenditures
1
Education
expenditures
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
education
Colleges
and
universities
Other
education
3
Total
Current
expenditure
Capital
outlay
2
Total
Current
expenditure
Capital
outlay
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
..........
$
1,314,496
$
450,365
$
318,065
$
281,867
$
36,198
$
112,874
$
100,284
$
12,590
$
19,426
Alabama
.......................
18,583
6,629
4,209
3,743
466
2,032
1,847
184
388
Alaska
..........................
6,763
1,532
1,158
1,048
109
316
315
1
59
Arizona
.........................
18,642
6,515
4,465
3,705
760
1,802
1,618
184
247
Arkansas
......................
10,101
3,748
2,442
2,249
193
1,028
833
195
278
California
......................
167,985
52,190
36,674
32,323
4,351
13,345
11,930
1,415
2,171
Colorado
......................
18,469
6,830
4,488
3,865
623
2,167
2,005
162
175
Connecticut
..................
18,300
5,451
4,193
3,989
204
1,010
934
76
247
Delaware
......................
4,053
1,505
889
828
61
496
480
16
120
District
of
Columbia
.....
4,454
755
690
625
65
65
62
3
 
Florida
..........................
66,491
19,659
14,789
12,840
1,950
4,149
3,538
611
721
Georgia
........................
33,262
12,306
8,699
7,676
1,023
2,760
2,275
485
847
Hawaii
..........................
6,595
1,636
973
813
160
640
582
58
23
Idaho
............................
5,185
1,925
1,310
1,145
165
544
460
84
70
Illinois
...........................
55,825
19,324
14,099
12,182
1,917
4,183
3,743
440
1,042
Indiana
.........................
24,559
10,234
6,649
5,869
780
3,179
2,871
308
406
Iowa
.............................
13,837
5,459
3,319
2,994
326
1,809
1,662
146
331
Kansas
.........................
11,333
4,371
2,857
2,668
189
1,372
1,239
133
143
Kentucky
......................
16,609
5,576
3,507
3,107
400
1,671
1,461
210
397
Louisiana
......................
19,864
6,336
4,287
3,977
310
1,697
1,563
133
353
Maine
...........................
6,130
2,029
1,537
1,455
82
413
380
34
79
Maryland
......................
23,448
8,536
5,837
5,292
545
2,332
2,161
171
367
Massachusetts
.............
33,916
9,816
7,457
6,790
667
1,832
1,723
109
526
Michigan
.......................
48,482
19,846
13,694
11,981
1,713
5,617
4,961
655
536
Minnesota
....................
27,019
9,044
6,318
5,536
782
2,308
2,107
201
419
Mississippi
....................
11,886
4,098
2,508
2,175
333
1,346
1,123
222
244
Missouri
........................
21,918
8,015
5,633
5,080
553
2,020
1,768
252
362
Montana
.......................
4,005
1,466
997
923
74
379
344
35
90
Nebraska
......................
7,409
2,969
1,908
1,695
214
967
872
95
93
Nevada
.........................
8,584
2,560
1,919
1,579
340
583
522
61
57
New
Hampshire
...........
5,092
1,806
1,336
1,231
104
413
375
38
58
New
Jersey
..................
44,513
16,183
12,822
11,782
1,040
2,854
2,570
284
507
New
Mexico
.................
8,777
3,108
1,885
1,638
247
1,100
990
110
122
New
York
.....................
128,227
35,964
28,670
25,943
2,727
5,932
5,131
801
1,362
North
Carolina
..............
33,826
11,925
7,504
6,519
985
3,940
3,461
479
481
North
Dakota
................
3,266
1,136
666
608
57
418
384
35
52
Ohio
.............................
50,572
18,253
12,783
11,657
1,126
4,497
3,853
643
973
Oklahoma
.....................
12,726
5,126
3,473
3,144
329
1,455
1,365
90
198
Oregon
.........................
17,021
5,878
3,845
3,526
319
1,783
1,590
193
250
Pennsylvania
................
57,061
20,888
15,106
13,425
1,681
4,331
3,860
470
1,452
Rhode
Island
................
4,911
1,650
1,196
1,172
24
349
334
15
106
South
Carolina
.............
17,070
6,104
4,138
3,517
621
1,678
1,499
179
288
South
Dakota
...............
3,133
1,049
757
649
108
248
221
27
44
Tennessee
...................
22,441
7,297
5,008
4,420
588
2,042
1,669
372
248
Texas
...........................
81,312
32,852
23,747
20,185
3,561
8,347
7,461
886
758
Utah
.............................
9,863
3,841
2,262
1,954
308
1,429
1,227
202
150
Vermont
.......................
3,010
1,171
773
709
63
321
300
21
77
Virginia
.........................
30,074
11,071
7,623
6,998
625
3,002
2,653
350
446
Washington
..................
30,824
10,433
7,049
5,932
1,117
2,889
2,522
367
495
West
Virginia
................
7,999
2,864
1,981
1,809
172
716
668
48
167
Wisconsin
.....................
26,151
10,398
7,246
6,294
952
2,792
2,507
285
360
Wyoming
......................
2,918
1,008
689
605
85
278
262
16
41
1
Includes
state
and
local
government
expenditures
for
education
services,
social
services
and
income
maintenance,
transportation,
public
safety,
environment
and
housing,
governmental
administration,
interest
on
general
debt,
and
other
general
expenditures.
Includes
intergovernmental
expenditure
to
the
federal
government.
2
Includes
outlays
for
``
other
education.''
3
Includes
assistance
and
subsidies
to
individuals
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
and
colleges
and
universities,
as
well
as
miscellaneous
education
expenditures
NOTE:
Current
expenditure
data
in
this
table
differ
from
figures
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
slightly
varying
definitions
used
in
the
Governmental
Finances
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
37
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
33.
 
Direct
general
expenditures
per
capita
of
state
and
local
governments
for
all
functions
and
for
education,
by
level
and
state:
1997
 
98
State
Total,
all
direct
general
expenditures
per
capita
1
Education
expenditures
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
education
Colleges
and
universities
Other
education
2
Amount
per
capita
As
a
percent
of
all
functions
Amount
per
capita
As
a
percent
of
all
functions
Amount
per
capita
As
a
percent
of
all
functions
Amount
per
capita
As
a
percent
of
all
functions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
..........
$
4,864
$
1,666
34.3
$
1,177
24.2
$
418
8.6
$
72
1.5
Alabama
.......................
4,271
1,524
35.7
967
22.7
467
10.9
89
2.1
Alaska
..........................
10,992
2,491
22.7
1,882
17.1
513
4.7
96
0.9
Arizona
.........................
3,994
1,396
34.9
957
24.0
386
9.7
53
1.3
Arkansas
......................
3,980
1,476
37.1
962
24.2
405
10.2
110
2.8
California
......................
5,140
1,597
31.1
1,122
21.8
408
7.9
66
1.3
Colorado
.......................
4,653
1,721
37.0
1,131
24.3
546
11.7
44
0.9
Connecticut
..................
5,592
1,666
29.8
1,281
22.9
309
5.5
76
1.4
Delaware
......................
5,447
2,023
37.1
1,195
21.9
667
12.2
161
3.0
District
of
Columbia
......
8,541
1,448
17.0
1,323
15.5
125
1.5
 
 
Florida
..........................
4,460
1,319
29.6
992
22.2
278
6.2
48
1.1
Georgia
........................
4,356
1,611
37.0
1,139
26.2
361
8.3
111
2.5
Hawaii
..........................
5,540
1,375
24.8
818
14.8
538
9.7
19
0.3
Idaho
............................
4,212
1,564
37.1
1,065
25.3
442
10.5
57
1.4
Illinois
...........................
4,625
1,601
34.6
1,168
25.3
347
7.5
86
1.9
Indiana
.........................
4,157
1,732
41.7
1,125
27.1
538
12.9
69
1.7
Iowa
..............................
4,836
1,908
39.5
1,160
24.0
632
13.1
116
2.4
Kansas
.........................
4,295
1,656
38.6
1,083
25.2
520
12.1
54
1.3
Kentucky
......................
4,222
1,417
33.6
891
21.1
425
10.1
101
2.4
Louisiana
......................
4,553
1,452
31.9
983
21.6
389
8.5
81
1.8
Maine
...........................
4,914
1,627
33.1
1,232
25.1
331
6.7
63
1.3
Maryland
......................
4,571
1,664
36.4
1,138
24.9
455
9.9
72
1.6
Massachusetts
.............
5,520
1,597
28.9
1,214
22.0
298
5.4
86
1.6
Michigan
.......................
4,937
2,021
40.9
1,394
28.2
572
11.6
55
1.1
Minnesota
.....................
5,717
1,914
33.5
1,337
23.4
488
8.5
89
1.5
Mississippi
....................
4,320
1,489
34.5
912
21.1
489
11.3
89
2.1
Missouri
........................
4,031
1,474
36.6
1,036
25.7
372
9.2
67
1.7
Montana
.......................
4,553
1,666
36.6
1,133
24.9
430
9.5
102
2.2
Nebraska
......................
4,461
1,787
40.1
1,149
25.8
582
13.0
56
1.3
Nevada
.........................
4,923
1,468
29.8
1,101
22.4
335
6.8
33
0.7
New
Hampshire
...........
4,294
1,523
35.5
1,126
26.2
348
8.1
49
1.1
New
Jersey
..................
5,498
1,999
36.4
1,584
28.8
353
6.4
63
1.1
New
Mexico
.................
5,063
1,793
35.4
1,088
21.5
635
12.5
70
1.4
New
York
.....................
7,061
1,981
28.0
1,579
22.4
327
4.6
75
1.1
North
Carolina
..............
4,483
1,580
35.3
994
22.2
522
11.6
64
1.4
North
Dakota
................
5,121
1,781
34.8
1,044
20.4
656
12.8
82
1.6
Ohio
..............................
4,500
1,624
36.1
1,137
25.3
400
8.9
87
1.9
Oklahoma
.....................
3,811
1,535
40.3
1,040
27.3
436
11.4
59
1.6
Oregon
.........................
5,186
1,791
34.5
1,172
22.6
543
10.5
76
1.5
Pennsylvania
................
4,754
1,740
36.6
1,259
26.5
361
7.6
121
2.5
Rhode
Island
................
4,972
1,671
33.6
1,211
24.4
353
7.1
107
2.1
South
Carolina
.............
4,446
1,590
35.8
1,078
24.2
437
9.8
75
1.7
South
Dakota
...............
4,288
1,436
33.5
1,035
24.2
340
7.9
61
1.4
Tennessee
...................
4,131
1,343
32.5
922
22.3
376
9.1
46
1.1
Texas
...........................
4,125
1,667
40.4
1,205
29.2
423
10.3
38
0.9
Utah
..............................
4,695
1,828
38.9
1,077
22.9
680
14.5
71
1.5
Vermont
........................
5,096
1,983
38.9
1,309
25.7
543
10.7
131
2.6
Virginia
.........................
4,430
1,631
36.8
1,123
25.3
442
10.0
66
1.5
Washington
..................
5,419
1,834
33.8
1,239
22.9
508
9.4
87
1.6
West
Virginia
................
4,415
1,581
35.8
1,093
24.8
395
9.0
92
2.1
Wisconsin
.....................
5,008
1,991
39.8
1,387
27.7
535
10.7
69
1.4
Wyoming
......................
6,079
2,099
34.5
1,436
23.6
578
9.5
85
1.4
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
state
and
local
government
expenditures
for
education
services,
social
services
and
income
maintenance,
transportation,
public
safety,
environment
and
housing,
governmental
administration,
interest
on
general
debt,
and
other
general
expenditures.
Includes
intergovernmental
expenditure
to
the
federal
government.
2
Includes
assistance
and
subsidies
to
individuals
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
and
colleges
and
universities,
as
well
as
miscellaneous
education
expenditures
NOTE:
Per
capita
amounts
are
based
on
population
figures
as
of
July
1,
1998,
and
are
computed
on
the
basis
of
amounts
rounded
to
the
nearest
thousand.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
38
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
34.
 
Gross
domestic
product,
state
and
local
expenditures,
personal
income,
disposable
personal
income,
median
family
income,
and
population:
1929
to
2000
Year
Gross
domestic
product,
in
billions
State
and
local
expenditures,
1
in
millions
Personal
income,
in
billions
Disposable
personal
income,
in
billions
of
chained
1996
dollars
Disposable
personal
income
per
capita
Median
family
income
Population
in
thousands
Current
dollars
Chained
1996
dollars
All
general
expenditures
Education
expenditures
Current
dollars
Chained
1996
dollars
Annual
averages
of
quarterly
data
2
Resident
population
as
of
July
1
3
1929
.....................
$
103.7
$
822.2
 
 
$
85.3
$
672.3
$
683
$
5,516
 
 
121,767
1933
.....................
56.4
603.3
 
 
46.9
510.7
365
4,063
 
 
125,579
1939
.....................
92.0
903.5
 
 
73.1
732.3
545
5,589
 
 
130,880
1940
.....................
101.3
980.7
$
9,229
$
2,638
78.6
781.1
581
5,912
 
 
132,122
1941
.....................
126.7
1,148.8
 
 
96.3
899.0
703
6,739
 
 
133,402
1942
.....................
161.8
1,360.0
9,190
2,586
123.8
1,012.4
880
7,507
 
 
134,860
1943
.....................
198.4
1,583.7
 
 
152.4
1,057.9
990
7,737
 
 
136,739
1944
.....................
219.7
1,714.1
8,863
2,793
166.3
1,096.1
1,072
7,920
 
 
138,397
1945
.....................
223.0
1,693.3
 
 
171.9
1,081.5
1,087
7,729
 
 
139,928
1946
.....................
222.3
1,505.5
11,028
3,356
179.5
1,074.4
1,145
7,599
 
 
141,389
1947
.....................
244.4
1,495.1
 
 
192.1
1,035.2
1,194
7,183
$
3,031
 
144,126
1948
.....................
269.6
1,560.0
17,684
5,379
211.1
1,090.0
1,307
7,433
3,187
 
146,631
1949
.....................
267.7
1,550.9
 
 
208.2
1,095.6
1,281
7,343
3,107
 
149,188
1950
.....................
294.3
1,686.6
22,787
7,177
229.9
1,192.7
1,388
7,863
3,319
 
152,271
1951
.....................
339.5
1,815.1
 
 
258.7
1,227.0
1,499
7,953
3,709
 
154,878
1952
.....................
358.6
1,887.3
26,098
8,318
276.1
1,266.8
1,552
8,071
3,890
 
157,553
1953
.....................
379.9
1,973.9
27,910
9,390
292.6
1,327.5
1,622
8,319
4,242
 
160,184
1954
.....................
381.1
1,960.5
30,701
10,557
295.2
1,344.0
1,629
8,276
4,167
 
163,026
1955
.....................
415.2
2,099.5
33,724
11,907
316.8
1,433.8
1,715
8,675
4,418
 
165,931
1956
.....................
438.0
2,141.1
36,711
13,220
340.0
1,502.3
1,800
8,930
4,780
 
168,903
1957
.....................
461.5
2,183.9
40,375
14,134
359.3
1,539.5
1,867
8,988
4,966
 
171,984
1958
.....................
467.9
2,162.8
44,851
15,919
370.0
1,553.7
1,899
8,922
5,087
 
174,882
1959
.....................
507.4
2,319.0
48,887
17,283
394.0
1,623.8
1,983
9,167
5,417
177,130
177,830
1960
.....................
527.4
2,376.7
51,876
18,719
412.7
1,664.8
2,026
9,210
5,620
180,760
180,671
1961
.....................
545.7
2,432.0
56,201
20,574
430.3
1,720.0
2,081
9,361
5,735
183,742
183,691
1962
.....................
586.5
2,578.9
60,206
22,216
457.9
1,803.5
2,174
9,666
5,956
186,590
186,538
1963
.....................
618.7
2,690.4
63,977
23,729
481.0
1,871.5
2,249
9,886
6,249
189,300
189,242
1964
.....................
664.4
2,846.5
69,302
26,286
515.8
2,006.9
2,412
10,456
6,569
191,927
191,889
1965
.....................
720.1
3,028.5
74,678
28,563
557.4
2,131.0
2,567
10,965
6,957
194,347
194,303
1966
.....................
789.3
3,227.5
82,843
33,287
606.4
2,244.6
2,742
11,417
7,532
196,599
196,560
1967
.....................
834.1
3,308.3
93,350
37,919
650.4
2,340.5
2,899
11,776
7,933
198,752
198,712
1968
.....................
911.5
3,466.1
102,411
41,158
714.5
2,448.2
3,119
12,196
8,632
200,745
200,706
1969
.....................
985.3
3,571.4
116,728
47,238
780.8
2,524.3
3,329
12,451
9,433
202,736
202,677
1970
.....................
1,039.7
3,578.0
131,332
52,718
841.1
2,630.0
3,591
12,823
9,867
205,089
205,052
1971
.....................
1,128.6
3,697.7
150,674
59,413
905.1
2,745.3
3,860
13,218
10,285
207,692
207,661
1972
.....................
1,240.4
3,898.4
168,550
65,814
994.3
2,874.3
4,138
13,692
11,116
209,924
209,896
1973
.....................
1,385.5
4,123.4
181,357
69,714
1,113.4
3,072.3
4,619
14,496
12,051
211,939
211,909
1974
.....................
1,501.0
4,099.0
198,959
75,833
1,225.6
3,051.9
5,013
14,268
12,902
213,898
213,854
1975
.....................
1,635.2
4,084.4
230,721
87,858
1,331.7
3,108.5
5,470
14,393
13,719
215,981
215,973
1976
.....................
1,823.9
4,311.7
256,731
97,216
1,475.4
3,243.5
5,960
14,873
14,958
218,086
218,035
1977
.....................
2,031.4
4,511.8
274,215
102,780
1,637.1
3,360.7
6,519
15,256
16,009
220,289
220,239
1978
.....................
2,295.9
4,760.6
296,984
110,758
1,848.3
3,527.5
7,253
15,845
17,640
222,629
222,585
1979
.....................
2,566.4
4,912.1
327,517
119,448
2,081.5
3,628.6
8,033
16,120
19,587
225,106
225,055
1980
.....................
2,795.6
4,900.9
369,086
133,211
2,323.9
3,658.0
8,869
16,063
21,023
227,726
227,225
1981
.....................
3,131.3
5,021.0
407,449
145,784
2,599.4
3,741.1
9,773
16,265
22,388
230,008
229,466
1982
.....................
3,259.2
4,919.3
436,733
154,282
2,768.4
3,791.7
10,364
16,328
23,433
232,218
231,664
1983
.....................
3,534.9
5,132.3
466,516
163,876
2,946.9
3,906.9
11,036
16,673
24,674
234,332
233,792
1984
.....................
3,932.7
5,505.2
505,008
176,108
3,274.8
4,207.6
12,215
17,799
26,433
236,394
235,825
1985
.....................
4,213.0
5,717.1
553,899
192,686
3,515.0
4,347.8
12,941
18,229
27,735
238,506
237,924
1986
.....................
4,452.9
5,912.4
605,623
210,819
3,712.4
4,486.6
13,555
18,641
29,458
240,682
240,133
1987
.....................
4,742.5
6,113.3
657,134
226,619
3,962.5
4,582.5
14,246
18,870
4
30,970
242,842
242,289
1988
.....................
5,108.3
6,368.4
704,921
242,683
4,272.1
4,784.1
15,312
19,522
4
32,191
245,061
244,499
1989
.....................
5,489.1
6,591.8
762,360
263,898
4,599.8
4,906.5
16,235
19,833
4
34,213
247,387
246,819
1990
.....................
5,803.2
6,707.9
834,818
288,148
4,903.2
5,014.2
17,176
20,058
4
35,353
249,981
249,464
1991
.....................
5,986.2
6,676.4
908,108
309,302
5,085.4
5,033.0
17,710
19,919
4
35,939
252,677
252,153
1992
.....................
6,318.9
6,880.0
981,253
324,652
5,390.4
5,189.3
18,616
20,318
4
36,573
255,403
255,030
1993
.....................
6,642.3
7,062.6
1,033,167
342,287
5,610.0
5,261.3
19,121
20,384
4
36,959
258,107
257,783
1994
.....................
7,054.3
7,347.7
1,077,665
353,287
5,888.0
5,397.2
19,820
20,709
4
38,782
260,616
260,327
1995
.....................
7,400.5
7,543.8
1,146,188
378,273
6,200.9
5,539.1
20,613
21,055
4
40,611
263,073
262,803
1996
.....................
7,813.2
7,813.2
1,189,356
398,859
6,547.4
5,677.7
21,385
21,385
4
42,300
265,504
265,229
1997
.....................
8,318.4
8,159.5
1,247,436
419,053
6,937.0
5,854.5
22,262
21,838
4
44,568
268,087
267,784
1998
.....................
8,781.5
8,508.9
1,314,496
450,365
7,426.0
6,186.6
23,491
22,800
4
46,737
270,560
270,248
1999
.....................
9,268.6
8,856.5
 
 
7,777.3
6,320.0
24,242
23,150
4
48,950
272,996
272,691
2000
.....................
9,872.9
9,224.0
 
 
8,319.2
6,539.2
25,528
23,742
 
275,423
275,130
 
Not
available.

1
Data
for
years
prior
to
1963
include
expenditures
for
government
fiscal
years
ending
during
that
particular
calendar
year.
Data
for
1963
and
later
years
are
the
aggregations
of
expenditures
for
government
fiscal
years
which
ended
on
June
30
of
the
stated
year.
General
expenditures
exclude
expenditures
of
publicly
owned
utilities
and
liquor
stores,
and
of
insurance­
trust
activities.
Intergovernmental
payments
between
state
and
local
governments
are
excluded.
Payments
to
the
federal
government
are
included.

2
Population
of
the
United
States
including
Armed
Forces
overseas;
includes
Alaska
and
Hawaii
beginning
1960.
Quarterly
data
are
averages
for
the
period.
3
Resident
population
of
the
United
States;
includes
Alaska
and
Hawaii
beginning
1958.
Includes
revisions
based
on
the
1990
Census.
4
Revised
methodology.

NOTE:
Gross
domestic
product
data
are
adjusted
by
the
GDP
chained
weight
price
deflator.
Personal
income
data
are
adjusted
by
the
personal
consumption
deflator.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Money
Income
in
the
United
States,
Series
P
 
60,
No.
200;
and
Bureau
of
Economic
Analysis,
Survey
of
Current
Business,
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
39
ALL
LEVELS:
FINANCES
Table
35.
 
Gross
domestic
product
deflator,
Consumer
Price
Index,
education
price
indexes,
and
federal
budget
composite
deflator:
1919
to
2001
Calendar
year
School
year
Federal
fiscal
year
Year
Gross
domestic
product
chain
weight
deflator
Consumer
Price
Index
1
Year
Consumer
Price
Index
2
Higher
Education
Price
Index
Research
and
Development
Index
Academic
Library
Operations
Index
Year
Federal
budget
composite
deflator
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1919
...........
 
17.3
1919
 
20
..........
19.1
 
 
 
1919
...........
 
1929
...........
12.6
17.1
1929
 
30
..........
17.1
 
 
 
1929
...........
 
1934
...........
9.9
13.4
1934
 
35
..........
13.6
 
 
 
1934
...........
 
1939
...........
10.2
13.9
1939
 
40
..........
14.0
 
 
 
1939
...........
 
1940
...........
10.3
14.0
1940
 
41
..........
14.2
 
 
 
1940
...........
0.1004
1941
...........
11.0
14.7
1941
 
42
..........
15.6
 
 
 
1941
...........
0.1057
1942
...........
11.9
16.3
1942
 
43
..........
16.9
 
 
 
1942
...........
0.1180
1943
...........
12.5
17.3
1943
 
44
..........
17.4
 
 
 
1943
...........
0.1285
1944
...........
12.8
17.6
1944
 
45
..........
17.8
 
 
 
1944
...........
0.1209
1945
...........
13.2
18.0
1945
 
46
..........
18.2
 
 
 
1945
...........
0.1153
1946
...........
14.7
19.5
1946
 
47
..........
21.2
 
 
 
1946
...........
0.1205
1947
...........
16.3
22.3
1947
 
48
..........
23.3
 
 
 
1947
...........
0.1351
1948
...........
17.3
24.1
1948
 
49
..........
24.1
 
 
 
1948
...........
0.1361
1949
...........
17.3
23.8
1949
 
50
..........
23.7
 
 
 
1949
...........
0.1326
1950
...........
17.4
24.1
1950
 
51
..........
25.1
 
 
 
1950
...........
0.1362
1951
...........
18.6
26.0
1951
 
52
..........
26.3
 
 
 
1951
...........
0.1396
1952
...........
19.0
26.5
1952
 
53
..........
26.7
 
 
 
1952
...........
0.1400
1953
...........
19.2
26.7
1953
 
54
..........
26.9
 
 
 
1953
...........
0.1491
1954
...........
19.5
26.9
1954
 
55
..........
26.8
 
 
 
1954
...........
0.1551
1955
...........
19.7
26.8
1955
 
56
..........
26.9
 
 
 
1955
...........
0.1587
1956
...........
20.4
27.2
1956
 
57
..........
27.7
 
 
 
1956
...........
0.1659
1957
...........
21.1
28.1
1957
 
58
..........
28.6
 
 
 
1957
...........
0.1731
1958
...........
21.6
28.9
1958
 
59
..........
29.0
 
 
 
1958
...........
0.1828
1959
...........
21.9
29.1
1959
 
60
..........
29.4
 
 
 
1959
...........
0.1862
1960
...........
22.2
29.6
1960
 
61
..........
29.8
25.6
26.7
 
1960
...........
0.1870
1961
...........
22.4
29.9
1961
 
62
..........
30.1
26.5
27.5
 
1961
...........
0.1919
1962
...........
22.7
30.2
1962
 
63
..........
30.4
27.6
28.5
 
1962
...........
0.1918
1963
...........
23.0
30.6
1963
 
64
..........
30.8
28.6
29.5
 
1963
...........
0.1999
1964
...........
23.3
31.0
1964
 
65
..........
31.2
29.8
30.7
 
1964
...........
0.2026
1965
...........
23.8
31.5
1965
 
66
..........
31.9
31.3
32.0
 
1965
...........
0.2054
1966
...........
24.5
32.4
1966
 
67
..........
32.9
32.9
33.8
 
1966
...........
0.2212
1967
...........
25.2
33.4
1967
 
68
..........
34.0
34.9
35.7
 
1967
...........
0.2188
1968
...........
26.3
34.8
1968
 
69
..........
35.7
37.1
38.0
 
1968
...........
0.2286
1969
...........
27.6
36.7
1969
 
70
..........
37.8
39.5
40.3
 
1969
...........
0.2425
1970
...........
29.1
38.8
1970
 
71
..........
39.7
42.1
42.7
 
1970
...........
0.2569
1971
...........
30.5
40.5
1971
 
72
..........
41.2
44.3
45.0
 
1971
...........
0.2736
1972
...........
31.8
41.8
1972
 
73
..........
42.8
46.7
47.1
 
1972
...........
0.2914
1973
...........
33.6
44.4
1973
 
74
..........
46.6
49.9
50.1
 
1973
...........
0.3047
1974
...........
36.6
49.3
1974
 
75
..........
51.8
54.3
54.8
 
1974
...........
0.3322
1975
...........
40.0
53.8
1975
 
76
..........
55.5
57.8
59.0
57.3
1975
...........
0.3655
1976
...........
42.3
56.9
1976
 
77
..........
58.7
61.5
62.7
61.6
1976
...........
0.3922
1977
...........
45.0
60.6
1977
 
78
..........
62.6
65.7
66.8
65.8
1977
...........
0.4242
1978
...........
48.2
65.2
1978
 
79
..........
68.5
70.5
71.7
71.4
1978
...........
0.4524
1979
...........
52.2
72.6
1979
 
80
..........
77.6
77.5
78.3
78.5
1979
...........
0.4903
1980
...........
57.1
82.4
1980
 
81
..........
86.6
85.8
86.6
86.1
1980
...........
0.5409
1981
...........
62.4
90.9
1981
 
82
..........
94.1
93.9
94.0
94.0
1981
...........
0.5965
1982
...........
66.3
96.5
1982
 
83
..........
98.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
1982
...........
0.6386
1983
...........
68.9
99.6
1983
 
84
..........
101.8
104.8
104.3
105.1
1983
...........
0.6682
1984
...........
71.4
103.9
1984
 
85
..........
105.8
110.8
109.8
111.2
1984
...........
0.7013
1985
...........
73.7
107.6
1985
 
86
..........
108.8
116.3
115.2
117.6
1985
...........
0.7254
1986
...........
75.3
109.6
1986
 
87
..........
111.2
120.9
120.0
124.2
1986
...........
0.7433
1987
...........
77.6
113.6
1987
 
88
..........
115.8
126.1
126.8
130.0
1987
...........
0.7637
1988
...........
80.2
118.3
1988
 
89
..........
121.2
132.8
132.1
138.6
1988
...........
0.7879
1989
...........
83.3
124.0
1989
 
90
..........
127.0
140.8
139.0
147.4
1989
...........
0.8171
1990
...........
86.5
130.7
1990
 
91
..........
133.9
148.2
145.8
155.7
1990
...........
0.8447
1991
...........
89.7
136.2
1991
 
92
..........
138.2
153.5
150.6
163.3
1991
...........
0.8820
1992
...........
91.9
140.3
1992
 
93
..........
142.5
158.0
155.2
169.8
1992
...........
0.9119
1993
...........
94.1
144.5
1993
 
94
..........
146.2
163.3
160.1
176.7
1993
...........
0.9349
1994
...........
96.0
148.2
1994
 
95
..........
150.4
168.3
165.4
183.9
1994
...........
0.9543
1995
...........
98.1
152.4
1995
 
96
..........
154.5
173.3
170.8
192.6
1995
...........
0.9770
1996
...........
100.0
156.9
1996
 
97
..........
158.9
178.6
 
 
1996
...........
1.0000
1997
...........
102.0
160.5
1997
 
98
..........
161.7
 
 
 
1997
...........
1.0207
1998
...........
103.2
163.0
1998
 
99
..........
164.5
 
 
 
1998
...........
1.0337
1999
...........
104.7
166.6
1999
 
2000
......
169.3
 
 
 
1999
...........
1.0512
2000
...........
107.0
172.2
2000
 
01
..........
175.1
 
 
 
2000
...........
1.0779
2001
...........
 
 
2001
 
02
..........
 
 
 
 
2001
...........
1.1062
 
Not
available.
1
Index
for
urban
wage
earners
and
clerical
workers
through
1977;
1978
and
later
figures
are
for
all
urban
consumers.
2
Consumer
Price
Index
adjusted
to
a
school­
year
basis
(
July
through
June).

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
Council
of
Economic
Advisers,
Economic
Indicators,
August
2001;
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Consumer
Price
Index;
Research
Associates
of
Washington,
``
Inflation
Measures
for
Schools
and
Colleges,
1990
Update,''
and
unpublished
data;
and
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government
Fiscal
Year
2002.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
41
CHAPTER
2
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
This
chapter
contains
a
variety
of
statistics
on
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
education.
Data
are
presented
for
enrollments,
teachers,
schools,
student
performance,
graduates,
and
expenditures
These
data
are
derived
from
surveys
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
and
other
public
and
private
organizations
The
variety
of
information
ranges
from
counts
of
students
and
schools
to
opinions
of
teachers
and
students
concerning
the
state
of
education
today.
New
data
on
charter
schools
will
appear
in
the
2002
edition
of
Digest
of
Education
Statistics.

Enrollments
Public
elementary
and
secondary
school
enrollments
increased
by
6
percent
from
1994
to
1999,
but
when
examined
separately,
enrollment
at
the
elementary
and
secondary
levels
exhibited
different
patterns
Between
1994
and
1999,
public
elementary
enrollment
rose
by
5
percent,
while
secondary
enrollment
increased
by
9
percent
(
table
40).
Preprimary
education
(
nursery
and
kindergarten
schools)
enrollment
has
grown
substantially.
Preprimary
enrollment
of
3­
to
5­
year­
olds
rose
by
14
percent
between
1990
and
2000.
An
important
feature
of
the
increasing
participation
of
young
children
in
preprimary
schools
is
the
increasing
proportion
in
full­
day
programs.
In
2000,
about
53
percent
of
the
children
attended
preprimary
school
all
day
compared
with
39
percent
in
1990
(
table
43).
Slowly
increasing
numbers
and
proportions
of
children
are
being
served
in
programs
for
the
disabled.
During
the
1990
 
91
school
year,
11
percent
of
students
were
served
in
these
programs
compared
with
13
percent
in
1999
 
2000.
Some
of
the
rise
since
1990
 
91
may
be
attributed
to
the
increasing
proportion
of
children
identified
as
learning
disabled,
which
rose
from
5
percent
of
enrollment
to
6
percent
of
enrollment
in
1999
 
2000
(
table
52).

Teachers
and
Other
School
Staff
During
the
1970s
and
early
1980s,
public
school
enrollment
decreased,
while
the
number
of
teachers
rose.
As
a
result,
the
public
school
pupil/
teacher
ratio
declined
from
22.3
in
1970
to
17.9
in
1985.
After
1985,
the
number
of
pupils
per
teacher
continued
downward,
reaching
17.2
in
1990.
The
pupil/
teacher
ratio
was
stable
during
the
early
1990s,
but
began
to
decline
again
during
the
mid
1990s.
By
2000,
the
pupil/
teacher
ratio
had
decreased
to
an
estimated
16.0
(
table
65).
The
pupil/
teacher
ratio
includes
teachers
for
disabled
students
and
other
special
teachers,
who
generally
are
excluded
from
class
size
calculations.
The
average
size
for
public
elementary
classes
in
1993
 
94
was
24.1
pupils
compared
to
the
pupil/
teacher
ratio
for
teachers
in
elementary
schools
at
18.2
(
tables
64
and
69).
In
1993
 
94,
73
percent
of
public
school
teachers
were
women,
33
percent
were
under
40,
and
47
percent
had
a
master's
degree
or
above.
By
comparison
about
75
percent
of
the
378,000
full­
time
and
part­
time
private
school
teachers
were
women.
About
42
percent
of
the
private
school
teachers
were
under
age
40,
and
34
percent
had
a
master's
or
higher
degree
(
table
68).
New
data
from
the
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey
for
1999
 
2000
will
be
available
through
the
NCES
Web
Site
during
the
first
half
of
2002.
Public
school
principals
tended
to
be
older
and
have
more
advanced
credentials
than
teachers.
Also,
they
were
more
likely
to
be
male.
About
7
percent
of
the
public
school
principals
were
under
age
40
and
99
percent
had
a
master's
degree
or
above.
About
35
percent
of
the
principals
were
women
(
table
87).
The
average
salary
for
public
school
teachers
grew
slowly
during
the
1990s,
reaching
$
42,898
in
2000
 
01.
After
adjustment
for
inflation,
teachers'
salaries
declined
1
percent
between
1990
 
91
and
2000
 
01
(
table
77).
The
number
of
nonteaching
staff
employed
by
public
schools
grew
at
a
faster
rate
than
the
number
of
pupils
and
teachers
in
the
1970s.
Between
1970
and
1980,
the
proportion
of
total
staff
who
were
teachers
declined
from
60
percent
to
52
percent
(
table
80).
From
1980
through
1999,
the
number
of
teachers
grew
at
about
the
same
rate
as
other
public
school
staff.
In
1999,
there
were
8.3
pupils
per
staff
member
(
total
staff)
compared
with
9.8
pupils
per
staff
member
in
1980.
In
1993,
the
number
of
pupils
per
staff
member
at
private
schools
was
9.3
(
table
60).
42
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
Schools
Over
the
past
several
decades,
the
trend
to
consolidate
small
schools
has
brought
a
large
decline
in
the
total
number
of
public
schools
in
the
United
States.
In
1930,
there
were
more
than
247,000
public
schools,
compared
with
around
92,000
today.
But
this
number
has
grown
in
recent
years,
with
an
increase
of
7,550
schools
between
1990
 
91
and
1999
 
2000
(
table
89).
The
shift
in
structure
of
public
school
systems
toward
middle
schools
(
grades
4,
5,
or
6
to
6,
7,
or
8)
is
continuing.
The
number
of
elementary
schools
rose
by
9
percent
to
approximately
64,000
between
1990
 
91
and
1999
 
2000,
but
middle
schools
rose
by
35
percent.
Meanwhile,
the
number
of
junior
high
schools
(
grades
7
to
8
and
7
to
9)
declined
by
22
percent
(
table
95).
Elementary
enrollment
has
risen
faster
than
the
number
of
schools,
with
the
average
elementary
school
size
increasing
as
a
result.
Elementary
schools
grew
from
an
average
of
449
students
in
1990
 
91
to
477
in
1999
 
2000
(
table
97).
During
the
same
time
period,
the
average
secondary
school
size
rose
from
663
to
706.
The
rising
numbers
of
alternative
schools,
which
tend
to
be
small,
have
mitigated
the
increase
in
the
average
size
of
secondary
schools.
The
average
size
of
regular
secondary
schools,
which
exclude
alternative
schools,
special
education,
and
vocational
education
schools,
rose
from
684
to
785
between
1990
 
91
and
1999
 
2000.
Schools
tend
to
be
smaller
in
predominantly
rural
states,
such
as
South
Dakota,
Montana,
and
Nebraska
and
larger
in
states
with
large
urban
populations
such
as
Florida,
California,
and
Hawaii
(
tables
100
and
101).

Completions
and
Achievement
The
dropout
rate
among
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
(
which
counts
General
Education
Development
recipients
as
graduates)
suggests
some
decreases
over
the
past
twenty
years.
This
dropout
rate
includes
all
persons
in
the
16­
to
24­
year­
old
age
group
regardless
of
when
they
dropped
out.
Between
1980
and
2000,
the
dropout
rate
declined
from
14.1
percent
to
10.9
percent
(
table
108).
The
dropout
rate
statistic
is
based
on
the
civilian
noninstitutionalized
population,
which
excludes
persons
in
prisons
and
persons
not
living
in
households.
Most
of
the
student
performance
data
in
the
Digest
are
drawn
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
assessments
have
been
conducted
using
three
basic
designs.
The
main
NAEP
reports
current
information
for
the
nation
and
specific
geographic
regions
of
the
country.
It
includes
students
drawn
from
both
public
and
nonpublic
schools
and
reports
results
for
student
achievement
at
grades
4,
8,
and
12.
The
main
NAEP
assessments
follow
the
frameworks
developed
by
the
National
Assessment
Governing
Board,
and
uses
the
latest
advances
i
assessment
methodology.
Since
1990,
the
NAEP
assessments
have
also
been
conducted
on
the
state
level.
States
that
choose
to
participate
receive
assessment
results
that
report
on
the
performance
of
students
in
that
state.
In
its
content,
the
state
assessment
is
identical
to
the
assessment
conducted
nationally.
However,
because
the
national
NAEP
samples
were
not,
and
are
not
currently
designed
to
support
the
reporting
of
accurate
and
representative
state­
level
results,
separate
representative
samples
of
students
are
selected
for
each
participating
jurisdiction/
state.
NAEP
long­
term
trend
assessments
are
designed
to
give
information
on
the
changes
in
the
basic
achievement
of
America's
youth
since
the
early
1970s.
They
are
administered
nationally
and
report
student
performance
at
ages
9,
13,
and
17
and
in
grades
4,
8,
and
11
in
writing.
Measuring
trends
of
student
achievement
or
change
over
time
requires
the
precise
replication
of
past
procedures.
Therefore,
the
long­
term
trend
instrument
does
not
evolve
based
on
changes
in
curricula
or
in
educational
practices
Long­
term
trend
data
on
student
achievement
has
improved
in
a
number
of
areas.
An
overall
increase
was
seen
in
reading
proficiency
scores
for
9­
and
13­
year­
olds
from
1971,
with
17­
year­
olds
scoring
about
the
same
in
1999
as
in
1971.
After
significant
gains
during
the
1970s,
9­
year­
old
reading
proficiency
remained
stable,
with
the
1999
score
about
the
same
as
1980.
Significant
gaps
in
performance
continue
to
exist
between
racial/
ethnic
subgroups
and
between
male
and
female
students.
Gender
gaps
favoring
female
students
in
reading
at
ages
13
and
17
were
essentially
the
same
in
1999
as
in
1971.
The
gender
gap
favoring
female
9­
year­
olds
was
smaller
in
1999
than
in
1971
(
table
112).
The
results
of
assessments
in
average
writing
achievement
from
1984
to
1996
reveal
a
shift
at
grades
4
and
8.
After
declining
between
1984
and
1990,
average
performance
at
grade
8
increased,
and
by
1996
had
again
returned
to
the
earlier
level.
Also,
at
grade
4
there
was
an
increase
in
performance
between
1990
and
1996,
countering
downward
fluctuations
in
the
1980s,
so
that
performance
was
essentially
unchanged
between
1984
and
1996.
Overall
grade
11
writing
performance
declined
between
1984
and
1996.
Females
outperformed
males
at
the
4th­,
8th­,
and
11th­
grade
levels
(
table
119).
Results
from
national
assessments
of
mathematics
achievement
indicate
a
significant
improvement
at
ages
9,
13,
and
17
between
1973
and
1999.
For
9­
year­
olds,
a
period
of
stable
performance
during
the
1970s
was
followed
by
an
11­
point
increase
in
aver­
43
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
age
scores
from
1982
to
1990.
For
13­
year­
olds,
an
increase
in
average
scores
between
1978
and
1982
was
followed
by
additional
increases
during
the
1990s.
The
average
score
of
17­
year­
olds
declined
between
1973
and
1982.
After
increasing
between
1982
and
1992,
scores
have
remained
stable,
but
the
1999
average
mathematics
score
was
higher
than
1973.
The
difference
between
males'
and
females
average
mathematics
scores
in
1999
was
not
statistically
significant
at
any
age
(
table
124).
Average
science
scores
of
9­
year­
olds
declined
between
1970
and
1973,
then
remained
stable
through
1982.
Average
scores
rose
10
points
between
1982
and
1992,
but
have
been
stable
since
then.
Science
scores
for
13­
year­
olds
declined
by
8
points
from
1970
to
1977.
Scores
increased
by
11
points
between
1977
and
1992,
but
decreased
slightly
between
1992
and
1999.
Science
scores
for
13­
year­
olds
in
1999
were
about
the
same
as
in
1970.
Science
scores
for
17­
year­
olds
fell
by
22
points
between
1969
and
1982,
and
then
increased
between
1982
and
1992.
On
average,
17­
year­
olds
in
1999
had
higher
science
scores
than
their
counterparts
in
1990.
However,
the
average
science
scores
of
17­
year­
olds
in
1999
remain
10
points
lower
than
1969.
Gender
gaps
favoring
17­
year­
old
males
in
science
narrowed
so
that
the
gaps
in
the
1990s
were
smaller
than
those
in
the
1970s
and
early
1980s.
The
difference
in
the
performance
of
male
and
female
13­
year­
olds
favored
males
in
1999.
There
was
no
significant
difference
in
the
performance
of
male
and
female
9­
year­
olds
(
table
130).
The
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
SAT,
formerly
known
as
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test)
was
not
designed
as
an
indicator
of
student
achievement,
but
rather
to
help
predict
how
well
students
will
do
in
college
Between
1990
 
91
and
2000
 
01,
mathematics
SAT
scores
increased
by
14
points,
while
verbal
scores
rose
by
7
points
(
table
135).
Over
the
past
12
years,
the
average
number
of
science
and
mathematics
courses
completed
by
public
high
school
graduates
increased
substantially.
The
mean
number
of
mathematics
courses
(
Carnegie
units)
completed
in
high
school
rose
from
2.6
in
1982
to
3.4
in
1998,
and
the
number
of
science
courses
rose
from
2.2
to
3.1.
The
average
number
of
courses
in
vocational
areas
completed
by
all
high
school
graduates
dropped
gradually,
from
4.6
units
in
1982
to
4.0
units
in
1998.
As
a
result
of
the
increased
academic
course
load,
the
proportion
of
students
completing
the
recommendations
of
the
1983
National
Commission
on
Excellence
(
4
units
of
English,
3
units
of
social
studies,
3
units
of
science,
3
units
of
mathematics,
2
units
of
foreign
language,
and
.5
units
of
computer
science)
rose
from
2
percent
in
1982
to
29
percent
in
1998
(
tables
140
and
143).

School
Violence
About
57
percent
of
public
schools
reported
a
criminal
incident
to
police
in
1996
 
97,
including
a
serious
violent
crime
or
a
less
serious
crime
such
as
a
fight
without
weapons,
theft,
or
vandalism.
Ten
percent
of
schools
reported
a
serious
violent
crime
to
police
and
47
percent
reported
only
a
less
serious
or
nonviolent
crime
(
table
150).

Revenues
and
Expenditures
The
state
share
of
revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
grew
steadily
for
many
decades
but
this
trend
stopped
in
the
late
1980s.
Since
then,
the
balance
of
revenues
from
state
and
local
governments
has
fluctuated.
Between
1988
 
89
and
1993
 
94,
the
state
share
fell
from
47.8
to
45.2
percent
while
the
local
share
rose.
Between
1993
 
94
and
1998
 
99,
the
state
share
rose
to
48.7
percent
while
the
local
share
decreased.
The
federal
share
was
7.1
percent
in
1998
 
99
(
table
157).
The
expenditure
per
student
in
public
schools
rose
during
the
late
1980s,
and
again
in
the
late
1990s
after
remaining
stable
during
the
first
part
of
the
1990s.
Between
1985
 
86
and
1990
 
91,
current
expenditures
per
student
in
fall
enrollment
grew
14
percent
after
adjustment
for
inflation.
From
1990
 
91
to
1995
 
96,
expenditures
per
student
increased
by
less
than
1
percent.
Between
1995
 
96
and
2000
 
01
expenditure
per
student
in
fall
enrollment
rose
10
percent
to
$
7,079
(
table
167).
44
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
Total
preprimary
enrollment
Full­
day
enrollment
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Preprimary
Enrollment,
various
years;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
NOTE:
Data
for
1994
and
later
years
were
collected
using
new
procedures
and
may
not
be
comparable
with
figures
for
earlier
years.
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
Year
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
in
millions
Enrollment,
Figure
7.
 
Preprimary
enrollment
of
3­
to
5­
year­
olds,
by
attendance
status:
October
1970
to
October
2000
45
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
millions
Fall
enrollment,

1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
in
millions
Teachers,

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Pupil/
teacher
ratio
Elementary
Secondary
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
in
billions
Current
expenditures,
Figure
8.
 
Enrollment,
number
of
teachers,
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
and
expenditures
in
public
schools:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
Number
of
teachers
Pupil/
teacher
ratio
In
constant
2000
 
01
dollars
In
current
dollars
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
Total
$
46
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
2000
 
01
School
year
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
Salary
Figure
10.
 
Average
annual
salary
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
teachers:
1970
 
71
to
2000
 
01
Constant
2000­
01
dollars
Current
dollars
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
Figure
9.
 
Percentage
change
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment,
by
state:
Fall
1995
to
fall
2000
Increase
of
more
than
10
percent
Increase
of
5
to
10
percent
Increase
of
less
than
5
percent
Decrease
WA
MT
ND
OR
ID
WY
SD
UT
CA
NV
CO
KS
NE
AZ
NM
OK
AK
MN
IA
MO
AR
TN
NC
LA
FL
MS
AL
GA
WI
IL
KY
IN
OH
WV
PA
NY
VA
DC
ME
VT
NH
MA
CT
SC
MI
HI
RI
DE
MD
NJ
TX
SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics,
latest
edition
2000
 
01.
Copyright
2001
by
the
National
Education
Association.
(
All
rights
reserved.)
$
Percent
change
DC
MD
DE
RI
47
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION
1970
 
71
1980
 
81
1990
 
91
School
year
0
20
40
60
80
Percent
of
revenue
Figure
11.
 
Sources
of
revenue
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1970
 
71
to
1998
 
99
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
2000
 
01
School
year
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
Per
pupil
expenditure
Figure
12.
 
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1970
 
71
to
2000
 
01
Local
governments
State
governments
Federal
government
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
Current
dollars
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
$
1998
 
99
48
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION:
ENROLLMENT
Table
36.
 
Historical
summary
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
statistics:
1869
 
70
to
1998
 
99
Item
1869
 
70
1879
 
80
1889
 
90
1899
 
1900
1909
 
10
1919
 
20
1929
 
30
1939
 
40
1949
 
50
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Population,
pupils,
and
instructional
staff
Total
population,
1
in
thousands
..................
38,558
50,156
62,622
75,995
90,490
104,514
121,878
131,028
149,188
177,830
201,385
224,567
246,819
249,464
267,784
270,248
Population
aged
5
 
17
years,
1
in
thousands
...........................................
11,683
15,066
18,473
21,573
24,011
27,571
31,414
30,151
30,223
43,881
52,386
48,041
44,947
45,325
50,505
50,915
Percent
of
total
population
5
 
17
.................
30.3
30.0
29.5
28.4
26.5
26.4
25.8
23.0
20.3
24.7
26.0
21.4
18.2
18.2
18.9
18.8
Total
enrollment
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
in
thousands
2
.........
3
7,562
9,867
12,723
15,503
17,814
21,578
25,678
25,434
25,112
36,087
45,550
41,651
40,543
41,217
46,127
46,539
Kindergarten
and
grades
1
 
8,

in
thousands
....................................
3
7,481
9,757
12,520
14,984
16,899
19,378
21,279
18,833
19,387
27,602
32,513
28,034
29,152
29,878
33,073
33,346
Grades
9
 
12,
in
thousands
................
3
80
110
203
519
915
2,200
4,399
6,601
5,725
8,485
13,037
13,616
11,390
11,338
13,054
13,193
Enrollment
as
a
percent
of
total
population
...............................................
3
19.6
19.7
20.3
20.4
19.7
20.6
21.1
19.4
16.8
20.3
22.6
18.5
16.4
16.5
17.2
17.2
Enrollment
as
a
percent
of
5­
to
17­
year­
olds
............................................
3
64.7
65.5
68.9
71.9
74.2
78.3
81.7
84.4
83.1
82.2
87.0
86.7
90.2
90.9
91.3
91.4
Percent
of
total
enrollment
in
high
schools
(
grades
9
 
12
and
postgraduate)
............
3
1.1
1.1
1.6
3.3
5.1
10.2
17.1
26.0
22.8
23.5
28.6
32.7
28.1
27.5
28.3
28.3
High
school
graduates,
in
thousands
.........
 
 
22
62
111
231
592
1,143
1,063
1,627
2,589
2,748
2,320
2,235
2,439
2,489
Average
daily
attendance,
in
thousands
.....
4,077
6,144
8,154
10,633
12,827
16,150
21,265
22,042
22,284
32,477
41,934
38,289
37,799
38,427
42,766
43,187
Total
number
of
days
attended
by
pupils
enrolled,
in
millions
.................................
539
801
1,098
1,535
2,011
2,615
3,673
3,858
3,964
5,782
7,501
4
6,835
 
 
 
 
Percent
of
enrolled
pupils
attending
daily
...
59.3
62.3
64.1
68.6
72.1
74.8
82.8
86.7
88.7
90.0
90.4
4
90.1
 
 
 
 
Average
length
of
school
term,
in
days
......
132.2
130.3
134.7
144.3
157.5
161.9
172.7
175.0
177.9
178.0
178.9
4
178.5
 
179.8
 
 
Average
number
of
days
attended
per
pupil
.........................................................
78.4
81.1
86.3
99.0
113
121.2
143
151.7
157.9
160.2
161.7
4
160.8
 
 
 
 
Total
instructional
staff,
in
thousands
.........
 
 
 
 
 
678
880
912
963
1,457
2,286
2,406
2,986
3,051
3,573
3,694
Supervisors,
in
thousands
......................
 
 
 
 
 
7
7
5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principals,
in
thousands
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
14
31
32
43
64
91
106
126
127
126
129
Teachers,
librarians,
and
other
nonsupervisory
instructional
staff,
5
in
thousands
.......................................
201
287
364
423
523
657
843
875
920
1,393
2,195
2,300
2,860
2,924
3,447
3,564
Men,
in
thousands
..............................
78
123
126
127
110
93
140
195
196
4
404
4
711
4782
 
 
 
 
Women,
in
thousands
.........................
123
164
238
296
413
585
703
681
724
4
989
4
1,484
4
1,518
 
 
 
 
Percent
men
.......................................
38.7
42.8
34.5
29.9
21.1
14.1
16.6
22.2
21.3
4
29.0
4
32.4
4
34.0
 
 
 
 
Amounts
in
millions
of
current
dollars
Revenues
and
expenditures
Total
revenue
receipts
................................
 
 
$
143
$
220
$
433
$
970
$
2,089
$
2,261
$
5,437
$
14,747
$
40,267
$
96,881
$
208,548
$
223,341
$
325,926
$
347,330
Federal
government
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
2
7
40
156
652
3,220
9,504
12,701
13,776
22,202
24,522
State
governments
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
160
354
684
2,166
5,768
16,063
45,349
98,239
105,325
157,645
169,298
Local
sources,
including
intermediate
....
 
 
 
 
 
808
1,728
1,536
3,116
8,327
20,985
42,029
97,608
104,240
146,078
153,510
Percent
distribution
of
revenue
receipts
Federal
government
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
0.3
0.4
1.8
2.9
4.4
8.0
9.8
6.1
6.2
6.8
7.1
State
governments
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
16.5
16.9
30.3
39.8
39.1
39.9
46.8
47.1
47.2
48.4
48.7
Local
sources,
including
intermediate
....
 
 
 
 
 
83.2
82.7
68.0
57.3
56.5
52.1
43.4
46.8
46.7
44.8
44.2
Total
expenditures
for
public
schools
.........
$
63
$
78
$
141
$
215
$
426
$
1,036
$
2,317
$
2,344
$
5,838
$
15,613
$
40,683
$
95,962
$
212,770
$
229,430
$
334,315
$
355,859
Current
expenditures
6
............................
 
 
114
180
356
861
1,844
1,942
4,687
7
12,329
7
34,218
7
86,984
7
188,229
7
202,038
7
285,485
7
302,874
Capital
outlay
8
.......................................
 
 
26
35
70
154
371
258
1,014
2,662
4,659
6,506
17,781
19,771
36,168
39,527
Interest
on
school
debt
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
18
93
131
101
490
1,171
1,874
3,776
4,325
7,777
8,196
Other
current
expenditures
9
..................
 
 
 
 
 
3
10
13
36
133
636
10
598
2,983
3,296
4,884
5,263
Percent
distribution
of
total
expenditures
Current
expenditures
6
............................
 
 
81.3
83.5
83.6
83.1
79.6
82.8
80.3
7
79.0
7
84.1
7
90.6
7
88.5
7
88.1
7
85.4
7
85.1
Capital
outlay
8
.......................................
 
 
18.7
16.5
16.4
14.8
16.0
11.0
17.4
17.0
11.5
6.8
8.4
8.6
10.8
11.1
Interest
on
school
debt
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
1.8
4.0
5.6
1.7
3.1
2.9
2.0
1.8
1.9
2.3
2.3
Other
current
expenditures
9
..................
 
 
 
 
 
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.6
10
0.6
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
49
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY
EDUCATION:
ENROLLMENT
Table
36.
 
Historical
summary
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
statistics:
1869
 
70
to
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Item
1869
 
70
1879
 
80
1889
 
90
1899
 
1900
1909
 
10
1919
 
20
1929
 
30
1939
 
40
1949
 
50
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Amounts
in
current
dollars
Annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
11
..........
$
189
$
195
$
252
$
325
$
485
$
871
$
1,420
$
1,441
$
3,010
$
5,174
$
9,047
12
$
16,715
12
$
32,638
12
$
34,401
12
$
41,243
12
$
42,488
Personal
income
per
member
of
labor
force
1
.....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,734
1,324
3,397
5,763
9,671
19,831
37,134
38,964
50,896
53,939
Total
school
expenditures
per
capita
of
total
population
.......................................
1.59
1.56
2.23
2.83
4.71
9.91
19.01
17.89
39
88
202
427
862
920
1,248
1,317
National
income
1
per
capita
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
712
556
1,453
2,314
3,986
9,243
17,795
18,608
24,715
26,055
Current
expenditure
6,13
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
14
..............................................
 
 
13.99
16.67
27.85
53.32
86.70
88.09
210
375
816
2,272
4,980
5,258
6,676
7,013
Total
expenditure
15
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
......
15.55
12.71
17.23
20.21
33.23
64.16
108.49
105.74
260
471
955
2,491
5,550
5,885
7,703
8,118
National
income
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
............
 
 
 
 
 
 
4,082
3,307
9,724
12,671
19,142
54,209
116,195
120,805
154,759
163,044
Current
expenditure
per
day
16
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
6
...............................................
 
 
0.10
0.12
0.18
0.33
0.50
0.50
1.17
2.11
4.56
12.73
 
 
 
 
Total
expenditure
per
day
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
.................................................
0.12
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.21
0.40
0.63
0.60
1.46
2.65
5.34
13.95
 
 
 
 
Amounts
in
constant
1998
 
99
dollars
Annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
11
..........
 
 
 
 
 
$
7,520
$
13,650
$
16,966
$
20,913
$
28,974
$
39,407
12
$
35,427
12
$
42,294
12
$
42,268
12
$
41,957
12
$
42,488
Personal
income
per
member
of
labor
force
1
.....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
16,673
15,584
23,603
32,271
42,127
42,031
48,121
47,874
51,777
53,939
Total
school
expenditures
per
capita
of
total
population
.......................................
 
 
 
 
 
86
183
211
272
492
880
906
1,117
1,130
1,270
1,317
National
income
1
per
capita
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,846
6,551
10,092
12,958
17,362
19,590
23,060
22,864
25,143
26,055
Current
expenditure
6,13
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
14
..............................................
 
 
 
 
 
460
833
1,037
1,459
2,101
3,554
4,815
6,453
6,460
6,791
7,013
Total
expenditure
15
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
......
 
 
 
 
 
554
1,043
1,245
1,809
2,638
4,160
5,280
7,192
7,231
7,836
8,118
National
income
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
............
 
 
 
 
 
 
39,238
38,940
67,563
70,954
83,379
114,895
150,573
148,431
157,438
163,044
Current
expenditure
per
day
16
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
6
...............................................
 
 
 
 
 
2.85
4.8
5.9
8.1
11.8
19.9
27.0
 
 
 
 
Total
expenditure
per
day
per
pupil
in
A.
D.
A.
.................................................
 
 
 
 
 
3.45
6.1
7.1
10.1
14.8
23.3
29.6
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Data
on
population
and
labor
force
are
from
the
Bureau
of
the
Census,
and
data
on
personal
income
and
national
income
are
from
the
Bureau
of
Economic
Analysis,
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce.
Population
data
through
1900
are
based
on
total
population
from
the
decennial
census.
From
1909
 
10
to
1959
 
60,
population
data
are
total
population,

including
armed
forces
overseas,
as
of
July
1.
Data
for
later
years
are
for
resident
population
that
excludes
armed
forces
overseas.

2
Data
for
1869
 
70
through
1959
 
60
are
school
year
enrollment.
Data
for
later
years
are
fall
enrollment.

3
Data
for
1870
 
71.

4
Estimated
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.

5
Prior
to
1919
 
20,
data
are
for
the
number
of
different
persons
employed
rather
than
number
of
positions.

6
Prior
to
1919
 
20,
includes
interest
on
school
debt.

7
Because
of
the
modification
of
the
scope
of
``
current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
schools,''
data
for
1959
 
60
and
later
years
are
not
entirely
comparable
with
prior
years.

8
Beginning
in
1969
 
70,
includes
capital
outlay
by
state
and
local
school
building
authorities.

9
Includes
summer
schools,
community
colleges,
and
adult
education.
Beginning
in
1959
 
60,
also
includes
community
services,
formerly
classified
with
``
current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
schools.''

10
Excludes
community
colleges
and
adult
education.
11
Average
includes
supervisors,
principals,
teachers,
and
other
nonsupervisory
instructional
staff.

12
Estimated
by
the
National
Education
Association.

13
Excludes
current
expenditures
not
allocable
to
pupil
costs.

14
``
ADA''
means
average
daily
attendance
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools.

15
Expenditure
figure
is
the
sum
of
current
expenditures
allocable
to
pupil
costs,
capital
outlay,
and
interest
on
school
debt.

16
Per­
day
rates
derived
by
dividing
annual
rates
by
average
length
of
term.

NOTE:
Kindergarten
enrollment
includes
a
relatively
small
number
of
nursery
school
pupils.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Beginning
in
1959
 
60,
data
include
Alaska
and
Hawaii.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;

Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education,
FY
1980;
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys;
and
Council
of
Economic
Advisers,
Economic
Report
of
the
President.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
50
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
37.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level
and
state:
Fall
1986
to
fall
2000
State
or
other
area
Fall
1986
Fall
1987
Fall
1988
Fall
1989
Fall
1990
Fall
1991
Fall
1992
Fall
1993
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
....................
39,753,172
40,008,213
40,188,690
40,542,707
41,216,683
42,046,878
42,823,312
43,464,916
44,111,482
44,840,481
45,611,046
Alabama
................................
733,735
729,234
724,751
723,743
721,806
722,004
731,634
734,288
736,531
746,149
747,932
Alaska
....................................
107,848
106,869
106,481
109,280
113,903
118,680
122,487
125,948
127,057
127,618
129,919
Arizona
..................................
534,538
572,421
574,890
607,615
639,853
656,980
673,477
709,453
737,424
743,566
799,250
Arkansas
................................
437,438
437,036
436,387
434,960
436,286
438,518
441,490
444,271
447,565
453,257
457,349
California
...............................
4,377,989
4,488,398
4,618,120
4,771,978
4,950,474
5,107,145
5,254,844
5,327,231
5,407,475
5,536,406
5,686,198
Colorado
................................
558,415
560,236
560,081
562,755
574,213
593,030
612,635
625,062
640,521
656,279
673,438
Connecticut
5
.........................
468,847
465,465
460,637
461,560
469,123
481,050
488,476
496,298
506,824
517,935
527,129
Delaware
...............................
94,410
95,659
96,678
97,808
99,658
102,196
104,321
105,547
106,813
108,461
110,549
District
of
Columbia
...............
85,612
86,435
84,792
81,301
80,694
80,618
80,937
80,678
80,450
79,802
78,648
Florida
....................................
1,607,320
1,664,774
1,720,930
1,789,925
1,861,592
1,932,131
1,981,407
2,040,763
2,111,188
2,176,222
2,242,212
Georgia
..................................
1,096,425
1,110,947
1,107,994
1,126,535
1,151,687
1,177,569
1,207,186
1,235,304
1,270,948
1,311,126
1,346,761
Hawaii
....................................
164,640
166,160
167,488
169,493
171,708
174,747
177,448
180,410
183,795
187,180
187,653
Idaho
......................................
208,391
212,444
214,615
214,932
220,840
225,680
231,668
236,774
240,448
243,097
245,252
Illinois
.....................................
1,825,185
1,811,446
1,794,916
1,797,355
1,821,407
1,848,166
1,873,567
1,893,078
1,916,172
1,943,623
1,973,040
Indiana
...................................
966,780
964,129
960,994
954,165
954,525
956,988
960,630
965,633
969,022
977,263
982,876
Iowa
.......................................
481,286
480,826
478,200
478,486
483,652
491,363
494,839
498,519
500,440
502,343
502,941
Kansas
...................................
416,091
421,112
426,596
430,864
437,034
445,390
451,536
457,614
460,838
463,008
466,293
Kentucky
................................
642,778
642,696
637,627
630,688
636,401
646,024
655,041
655,265
657,642
659,821
656,089
Louisiana
...............................
795,188
793,093
786,683
783,025
784,757
794,128
797,985
800,560
797,933
797,366
793,296
Maine
.....................................
211,752
211,817
212,902
213,775
215,149
216,400
216,453
216,995
212,601
213,569
213,593
Maryland
................................
675,747
683,797
688,947
698,806
715,176
736,238
751,850
772,638
790,938
805,544
818,583
Massachusetts
.......................
833,918
825,320
823,428
825,588
834,314
846,155
859,948
877,726
893,727
915,007
933,898
Michigan
................................
1,597,154
1,589,287
1,582,785
1,576,785
1,584,431
1,593,561
1,603,610
1,599,377
1,614,784
1,641,456
1,685,714
Minnesota
..............................
711,134
721,481
726,950
739,553
756,374
773,571
793,724
810,233
821,693
835,166
847,204
Mississippi
.............................
498,639
505,550
503,326
502,020
502,417
504,127
506,668
505,907
505,962
506,272
503,967
Missouri
.................................
800,606
802,060
806,639
807,934
816,558
842,965
859,357
866,378
878,541
889,881
900,517
Montana
.................................
153,327
152,207
152,191
151,265
152,974
155,779
160,011
163,009
164,341
165,547
164,627
Nebraska
...............................
267,139
268,100
269,434
270,920
274,081
279,552
282,414
285,097
287,100
289,744
291,967
Nevada
..................................
161,239
168,353
176,474
186,834
201,316
211,810
222,974
235,800
250,747
265,041
282,131
New
Hampshire
.....................
163,717
166,045
169,413
171,696
172,785
177,138
181,247
185,360
189,319
194,171
198,308
New
Jersey
............................
1,107,467
1,092,982
1,080,871
1,076,005
1,089,646
1,109,796
1,130,560
1,151,307
1,174,206
1,197,381
1,227,832
New
Mexico
...........................
281,943
287,229
292,425
296,057
301,881
308,667
315,668
322,292
327,248
329,640
332,632
New
York
...............................
2,607,719
2,594,070
2,573,715
2,565,841
2,598,337
2,643,993
2,689,686
2,733,813
2,766,208
2,813,230
2,843,131
North
Carolina
.......................
1,085,248
1,085,976
1,083,156
1,080,744
1,086,871
1,097,598
1,114,083
1,133,231
1,156,767
1,183,090
1,210,108
North
Dakota
.........................
118,703
119,004
118,809
117,816
117,825
118,376
118,734
119,127
119,288
119,100
120,123
Ohio
.......................................
1,793,508
1,793,431
1,778,544
1,764,410
1,771,089
1,783,767
1,795,199
1,807,319
1,814,290
1,836,015
1,844,698
Oklahoma
..............................
593,183
584,212
580,426
578,580
579,087
588,263
597,096
604,076
609,718
616,393
620,695
Oregon
...................................
449,307
455,895
461,752
472,394
472,394
498,614
510,122
516,611
521,945
527,914
537,854
Pennsylvania
.........................
1,674,161
1,668,542
1,659,714
1,655,279
1,667,834
1,692,797
1,717,613
1,744,082
1,764,946
1,787,533
1,804,256
Rhode
Island
.........................
134,690
134,800
133,585
135,729
138,813
142,144
143,798
145,676
147,487
149,799
151,324
South
Carolina
.......................
611,629
614,921
615,774
616,177
622,112
627,470
640,464
643,696
648,725
645,586
652,816
South
Dakota
.........................
125,458
126,817
126,910
127,329
129,164
131,576
134,573
142,825
143,482
144,685
143,331
Tennessee
.............................
818,073
823,783
821,580
819,660
824,595
833,651
855,231
866,557
881,425
893,770
904,818
Texas
.....................................
3,209,515
3,236,787
3,283,707
3,328,514
3,382,887
3,464,371
3,541,769
3,608,262
3,677,171
3,748,167
3,828,975
Utah
.......................................
415,994
423,386
431,119
438,554
446,652
456,430
463,870
471,365
474,675
477,121
481,812
Vermont
.................................
92,112
92,755
93,381
94,779
95,762
97,137
98,558
102,755
104,533
105,565
106,341
Virginia
...................................
975,135
979,417
982,393
985,346
998,601
1,016,204
1,031,925
1,045,471
1,060,809
1,079,854
1,096,093
Washington
............................
761,428
775,755
790,918
810,232
839,709
869,327
896,475
915,952
938,314
956,572
974,504
West
Virginia
.........................
351,837
344,236
335,912
327,540
322,389
320,249
318,296
314,383
310,511
307,112
304,052
Wisconsin
..............................
767,819
772,363
774,857
782,905
797,621
814,671
829,415
844,001
860,581
870,175
879,259
Wyoming
................................
100,955
98,455
97,793
97,172
98,226
102,074
100,313
100,899
100,314
99,859
99,058
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
7
.........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
80,715
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...................
11,055
11,248
11,764
12,258
12,463
13,365
13,994
14,484
14,445
14,576
14,766
Guam
.....................................
25,676
25,936
26,041
26,493
26,391
28,334
30,077
30,920
32,185
32,960
33,393
Northern
Marianas
.................
 
5,819
6,079
6,101
6,449
7,096
8,086
8,188
8,429
8,809
9,041
Puerto
Rico
............................
679,489
672,837
661,693
651,225
644,734
642,392
637,034
631,460
621,121
627,620
618,861
Virgin
Islands
.........................
24,435
24,020
23,492
21,193
21,750
22,346
22,887
22,752
23,126
22,737
22,385
51
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
37.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level
and
state:
Fall
1986
to
fall
2000
 
Continued
State
or
other
area
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Estimated
fall
2000
1
Total
Kindergarten
through
grade
8
2
Grades
9
to
12
Total
Kindergarten
through
grade
8
2
Grades
9
to
12
Total
Kindergarten
through
grade
8
2
Grades
9
to
12
Total
1
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
United
States
..............
46,126,897
33,073,110
13,053,787
46,538,585
33,345,801
13,192,784
46,857,321
33,488,158
13,369,163
3
47,159,681
Alabama
..........................
749,207
541,059
208,148
747,980
542,350
205,630
740,732
538,687
202,045
726,259
Alaska
..............................
132,123
95,649
36,474
135,373
96,979
38,394
134,391
95,601
38,790
135,869
Arizona
............................
814,113
595,969
218,144
848,262
622,747
225,515
852,612
623,561
229,051
3
856,984
Arkansas
.........................
456,497
322,236
134,261
452,256
319,232
133,024
451,034
317,714
133,320
4
448,018
California
.........................
5,803,887
4,195,625
1,608,262
5,926,037
4,269,926
1,656,111
6,038,589
4,336,687
1,701,902
3
6,239,539
Colorado
..........................
687,167
494,463
192,704
699,135
501,449
197,686
708,109
506,568
201,541
4
724,508
Connecticut
5
...................
535,164
394,290
140,874
544,698
399,381
145,317
553,993
403,913
150,080
562,138
Delaware
.........................
111,960
78,772
33,188
113,262
79,955
33,307
112,836
80,274
32,562
114,424
District
of
Columbia
.........
77,111
59,937
17,174
71,889
56,712
15,177
77,194
59,917
17,277
4
78,751
Florida
.............................
2,294,077
1,680,316
613,761
2,337,633
1,704,024
633,609
2,381,396
1,725,493
655,903
4
2,434,403
Georgia
............................
1,375,980
1,010,551
365,429
1,401,291
1,029,386
371,905
1,422,762
1,044,030
378,732
1,444,937
Hawaii
..............................
189,887
136,390
53,497
188,069
134,685
53,384
185,860
133,250
52,610
4
184,360
Idaho
...............................
244,403
168,824
75,579
244,722
168,604
76,118
245,331
168,822
76,509
245,650
Illinois
..............................
1,998,289
1,438,329
559,960
2,011,530
1,451,579
559,951
2,027,600
1,462,234
565,366
2,048,197
Indiana
.............................
986,836
692,848
293,988
989,001
697,247
291,754
988,702
699,221
289,481
988,963
Iowa
.................................
501,054
338,454
162,600
498,214
336,696
161,518
497,301
335,919
161,382
497,301
Kansas
............................
468,687
327,545
141,142
472,353
327,474
144,879
472,188
325,818
146,370
469,747
Kentucky
..........................
669,322
474,325
194,997
655,687
464,348
191,339
648,180
458,607
189,573
623,231
Louisiana
.........................
776,813
563,619
213,194
768,734
558,473
210,261
756,579
548,019
208,560
743,089
Maine
...............................
212,579
153,476
59,103
211,051
151,440
59,611
209,253
148,774
60,479
4
213,461
Maryland
..........................
830,744
601,992
228,752
841,671
606,560
235,111
846,582
607,125
239,457
853,406
Massachusetts
................
949,006
696,487
252,519
962,317
704,624
257,693
971,425
706,251
265,174
4
985,000
Michigan
..........................
1,702,717
1,236,204
466,513
1,720,287
1,245,321
474,966
1,725,617
1,244,586
481,031
1,705,800
Minnesota
........................
853,621
587,725
265,896
856,455
586,719
269,736
854,034
580,363
273,671
847,000
Mississippi
.......................
504,792
365,061
139,731
502,379
365,497
136,882
500,716
365,357
135,359
4
499,362
Missouri
...........................
910,613
649,862
260,751
913,494
650,839
262,655
914,110
648,758
265,352
897,081
Montana
..........................
162,335
111,951
50,384
159,988
109,535
50,453
157,556
107,490
50,066
155,860
Nebraska
.........................
292,681
201,684
90,997
291,140
199,754
91,386
288,261
197,014
91,247
286,176
Nevada
............................
296,621
218,802
77,819
311,061
229,275
81,786
325,610
239,625
85,985
340,707
New
Hampshire
...............
201,629
145,256
56,373
204,713
146,722
57,991
206,783
146,854
59,929
210,454
New
Jersey
.....................
1,250,276
921,374
328,902
1,268,996
936,428
332,568
1,289,256
953,766
335,490
3
1,309,839
New
Mexico
.....................
331,673
235,593
96,080
328,753
232,485
96,268
324,495
228,592
95,903
316,548
New
York
.........................
2,861,823
2,011,243
850,580
2,877,143
2,028,167
848,976
2,887,776
2,033,748
854,028
2,940,000
North
Carolina
.................
1,236,083
906,436
329,647
1,254,821
920,838
333,983
1,275,925
934,725
341,200
4
1,265,810
North
Dakota
...................
118,572
80,330
38,242
114,927
76,926
38,001
112,751
74,968
37,783
4
105,635
Ohio
.................................
1,847,114
1,299,249
547,865
1,842,163
1,301,025
541,138
1,836,554
1,296,450
540,104
1,821,200
Oklahoma
........................
623,681
444,774
178,907
628,492
447,906
180,586
627,032
446,719
180,313
625,577
Oregon
............................
541,346
381,107
160,239
542,809
379,770
163,039
545,033
378,474
166,559
547,200
Pennsylvania
...................
1,815,151
1,266,419
548,732
1,816,414
1,267,226
549,188
1,816,716
1,262,181
554,535
1,811,030
Rhode
Island
...................
153,321
111,773
41,548
154,785
112,483
42,302
156,454
113,520
42,934
6
158,141
South
Carolina
................
659,273
472,681
186,592
664,600
477,858
186,742
666,780
483,725
183,055
647,400
South
Dakota
..................
142,443
97,930
44,513
132,495
90,887
41,608
131,037
89,590
41,447
128,133
Tennessee
.......................
893,044
653,385
239,659
905,454
664,582
240,872
916,202
664,393
251,809
4
905,100
Texas
...............................
3,891,877
2,832,461
1,059,416
3,945,367
2,868,209
1,077,158
3,991,783
2,895,853
1,095,930
4,033,697
Utah
.................................
482,957
328,978
153,979
481,176
328,522
152,654
480,255
329,185
151,070
4
475,269
Vermont
...........................
105,984
73,693
32,291
105,120
73,257
31,863
104,559
72,276
32,283
104,001
Virginia
............................
1,110,815
807,160
303,655
1,124,022
815,266
308,756
1,133,994
817,143
316,851
3
1,144,054
Washington
.....................
991,235
694,491
296,744
998,053
695,950
302,103
1,003,714
694,750
308,964
3
1,009,407
West
Virginia
...................
301,419
207,011
94,408
297,530
205,840
91,690
291,811
203,475
88,336
285,169
Wisconsin
........................
881,780
603,708
278,072
879,542
600,703
278,839
877,753
596,439
281,314
876,243
Wyoming
.........................
97,115
65,613
31,502
95,241
63,940
31,301
92,105
61,654
30,451
4
89,553
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
 
 
 
 
 
 
49,076
37,450
11,626
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
7
..
78,254
63,430
14,824
78,170
63,209
14,961
107,585
90,048
17,537
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
15,214
11,764
3,450
15,372
11,806
3,566
15,477
11,899
3,578
3
15,583
Guam
...............................
32,444
23,976
8,468
32,222
23,858
8,364
32,951
24,151
8,800
3
33,696
Northern
Marianas
..........
9,246
7,184
2,062
9,498
7,420
2,078
9,692
7,594
2,098
4
1,004
Puerto
Rico
.....................
617,157
453,539
163,618
613,862
451,943
161,919
613,019
447,204
165,815
3
612,177
Virgin
Islands
...................
22,136
15,835
6,301
20,976
15,198
5,778
20,866
14,821
6,045
20,757
 
Not
available.

1
Data
estimated
by
state
education
agencies.
Data
differ
from
projections
appearing
in
other
tables.

2
Includes
a
number
of
prekindergarten
students.

3
Data
imputed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
based
on
previous
year's
data.

4
Actual
data
reported
by
state.

5
Data
beginning
in
1986,
include
state
vocational/
technical
schools.
6
Early
estimate
number
reported
by
state,
adjusted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
7
The
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
includes
only
overseas
schools
through
1998.
Data
for
1999
includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
52
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
38.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Total,
all
levels
Prekindergarten
through
grade
8
and
elementary
unclassified
Total
Prekindergarten
1
Kindergarten
Grade
1
Grade
2
Grade
3
Grade
4
Grade
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
..............
2
46,857,321
33,488,158
751,173
3,397,199
3,683,877
3,655,473
3,690,418
3,686,366
3,603,664
Alabama
..........................
2
740,732
538,687
2
10,548
56,120
61,517
59,203
60,033
60,012
58,381
Alaska
..............................
134,391
95,601
1,344
9,583
9,999
10,656
10,706
10,926
10,555
Arizona
............................
852,612
623,561
1,772
67,051
72,471
71,161
71,060
70,418
67,853
Arkansas
..........................
451,034
317,714
1,425
34,218
34,640
35,062
35,586
35,707
35,020
California
.........................
2
6,038,589
4,336,687
2
85,991
459,771
484,535
485,130
488,981
489,356
464,380
Colorado
..........................
708,109
506,568
12,857
50,378
55,171
55,855
55,883
56,154
55,156
Connecticut
......................
553,993
403,913
10,518
42,193
44,825
43,974
44,930
45,307
44,712
Delaware
.........................
112,836
80,274
716
7,779
9,502
9,061
8,826
8,685
8,555
District
of
Columbia
.........
77,194
59,917
4,774
6,617
7,325
6,972
6,702
6,070
5,584
Florida
..............................
2,381,396
1,725,493
53,783
174,953
184,482
186,014
189,501
190,744
188,093
Georgia
............................
1,422,762
1,044,030
31,359
110,359
115,596
113,956
115,466
116,517
113,352
Hawaii
..............................
185,860
133,250
824
14,618
15,044
15,195
15,506
15,703
14,957
Idaho
................................
245,331
168,822
2,158
17,024
18,400
18,437
18,618
19,125
18,719
Illinois
...............................
2,027,600
1,462,234
58,604
149,840
162,324
158,998
164,982
158,444
155,168
Indiana
.............................
988,702
699,221
4,997
70,438
80,167
78,764
79,409
79,139
77,709
Iowa
.................................
497,301
335,919
5,497
34,596
35,137
35,666
36,162
36,766
36,147
Kansas
.............................
472,188
325,818
2,811
30,845
34,639
34,692
35,002
35,722
35,393
Kentucky
..........................
648,180
458,607
15,609
46,373
3
48,840
3
48,581
3
49,011
49,962
48,870
Louisiana
.........................
756,579
548,019
16,818
56,021
63,106
58,478
58,718
57,735
56,296
Maine
...............................
209,253
148,774
1,101
14,274
15,296
15,716
15,950
16,530
16,695
Maryland
..........................
846,582
607,125
19,285
56,942
65,006
66,746
67,048
69,077
66,687
Massachusetts
.................
971,425
706,251
19,539
70,029
76,926
76,928
78,067
79,385
78,058
Michigan
..........................
2
1,725,617
1,244,586
2
24,573
128,060
130,947
129,924
132,547
133,215
127,190
Minnesota
........................
854,034
580,363
9,234
58,952
60,984
61,957
62,842
64,934
64,484
Mississippi
.......................
500,716
365,357
1,549
37,906
43,318
40,396
40,462
40,151
38,182
Missouri
...........................
914,110
648,758
18,181
64,608
68,807
71,642
70,898
70,359
69,386
Montana
...........................
157,556
107,490
498
10,335
11,401
11,597
11,615
12,046
11,973
Nebraska
.........................
288,261
197,014
4,631
20,576
20,722
21,011
21,385
21,969
21,240
Nevada
............................
325,610
239,625
2,043
25,163
27,421
27,723
27,807
27,660
26,347
New
Hampshire
...............
206,783
146,854
1,711
9,048
16,676
16,505
16,685
17,275
17,214
New
Jersey
......................
1,289,256
953,766
14,194
89,520
101,868
99,708
100,808
100,361
98,921
New
Mexico
.....................
324,495
228,592
3,127
22,557
25,349
25,276
25,732
25,573
25,511
New
York
.........................
2,887,776
2,033,748
37,613
199,271
222,383
219,688
222,190
219,305
213,701
North
Carolina
.................
1,275,925
934,725
8,515
101,816
107,314
105,677
105,888
104,658
103,195
North
Dakota
...................
112,751
74,968
647
7,560
7,999
7,895
8,040
8,135
8,343
Ohio
.................................
1,836,554
1,296,450
23,239
130,141
144,279
140,846
142,816
142,337
140,478
Oklahoma
........................
627,032
446,719
20,894
43,603
51,656
47,318
47,113
47,039
46,853
Oregon
.............................
545,033
378,474
611
37,232
40,529
41,920
42,894
43,348
43,036
Pennsylvania
...................
1,816,716
1,262,181
2,620
122,320
138,860
137,111
140,010
141,459
139,925
Rhode
Island
...................
156,454
113,520
1,047
11,078
12,409
12,486
12,537
12,578
12,309
South
Carolina
.................
666,780
483,725
16,330
46,274
53,410
52,860
53,616
49,323
53,859
South
Dakota
...................
131,037
89,590
1,139
9,171
9,448
9,528
9,509
9,854
9,938
Tennessee
.......................
2
916,202
664,393
2
13,047
70,814
75,793
74,049
73,005
71,433
69,509
Texas
...............................
3,991,783
2,895,853
138,235
290,806
320,102
313,688
311,133
308,232
303,098
Utah
.................................
480,255
329,185
4,281
34,963
35,396
36,285
35,953
35,921
35,134
Vermont
...........................
104,559
72,276
2,491
6,893
7,273
7,462
7,772
7,965
8,168
Virginia
.............................
1,133,994
817,143
5,293
83,938
88,996
89,819
90,494
90,781
87,933
Washington
......................
1,003,714
694,750
6,134
68,699
75,988
77,383
77,993
79,257
77,928
West
Virginia
...................
291,811
203,475
6,176
21,216
21,800
21,736
22,117
21,928
21,729
Wisconsin
........................
877,753
596,439
20,790
58,524
61,401
62,251
63,674
64,908
64,943
Wyoming
..........................
92,105
61,654
(
4)
6,133
6,400
6,487
6,736
6,878
6,797
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
49,076
37,450
(
4)
4,614
4,418
4,412
4,172
4,134
4,158
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
5
...
107,585
90,048
5,069
11,057
11,110
11,222
10,200
9,876
9,170
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
15,477
11,899
1,399
1,170
1,312
1,264
1,172
1,157
1,161
Guam
...............................
32,951
24,151
584
2,756
2,310
2,860
2,734
2,813
2,663
Northern
Marianas
...........
9,692
7,594
549
574
974
837
878
838
787
Puerto
Rico
......................
613,019
447,204
619
43,261
51,589
48,094
46,939
49,835
50,331
Virgin
Islands
...................
20,866
14,821
(
4)
1,368
1,546
1,656
1,740
1,669
1,565
53
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
38.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1999
 
Continued
State
or
other
area
Prekindergarten
through
grade
8
and
elementary
unclassified
Grades
9
through
12
and
secondary
unclassified
Grade
6
Grade
7
Grade
8
Elementary
unclassified
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Secondary
unclassified
1
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
United
States
..............
3,564,116
3,541,274
3,496,977
417,621
13,369,163
3,934,899
3,415,425
3,033,980
2,781,701
203,158
Alabama
..........................
57,703
58,969
56,201
 
202,045
61,150
52,304
46,015
42,576
 
Alaska
..............................
10,574
10,683
10,575
 
38,790
11,568
10,217
8,624
8,381
 
Arizona
............................
67,086
66,236
65,338
3,115
229,051
68,646
60,489
51,771
47,907
238
Arkansas
..........................
34,397
35,267
35,403
989
133,320
36,657
35,081
31,839
29,316
427
California
.........................
451,810
439,075
431,730
55,928
1,701,902
482,355
444,161
401,348
347,914
26,124
Colorado
..........................
54,957
54,856
54,599
702
201,541
58,710
52,548
47,725
41,999
559
Connecticut
......................
43,524
42,725
41,205
 
150,080
43,977
39,273
35,160
31,670
 
Delaware
.........................
9,014
9,179
8,957
 
32,562
10,150
8,618
7,304
6,490
 
District
of
Columbia
.........
4,539
4,331
4,408
2,595
17,277
5,289
4,113
3,550
2,897
1,428
Florida
..............................
189,813
186,536
181,574
 
655,903
223,743
177,234
138,667
116,259
 
Georgia
............................
111,603
109,134
106,688
 
378,732
125,388
98,019
82,974
72,351
 
Hawaii
..............................
14,441
13,733
13,175
54
52,610
15,629
13,526
12,592
10,818
45
Idaho
................................
18,909
18,827
18,589
16
76,509
20,062
19,833
18,715
17,899
 
Illinois
...............................
153,710
148,459
149,397
2,308
565,366
164,554
145,536
126,866
126,984
1,426
Indiana
.............................
76,745
74,743
74,540
2,570
289,481
81,049
73,532
68,054
64,647
2,199
Iowa
.................................
35,819
36,307
37,966
5,856
161,382
41,394
39,159
37,829
37,124
5,876
Kansas
.............................
35,757
36,205
36,759
7,993
146,370
39,683
36,769
34,333
32,344
3,241
Kentucky
..........................
47,662
48,983
48,427
3
6,289
189,573
56,678
47,647
43,483
39,111
3
2,654
Louisiana
.........................
57,910
58,997
55,710
8,230
208,560
63,869
52,925
46,144
42,344
3,278
Maine
...............................
16,946
17,003
17,493
1,770
60,479
17,036
15,565
14,237
13,022
619
Maryland
..........................
65,675
64,874
62,776
3,009
239,457
70,346
60,685
54,737
50,632
3,057
Massachusetts
.................
75,902
74,783
72,545
4,089
265,174
77,733
68,577
62,424
56,440
 
Michigan
..........................
123,673
124,554
122,548
67,355
481,031
135,896
117,408
104,634
96,295
26,798
Minnesota
........................
64,547
64,724
67,705
 
273,671
71,222
69,030
66,375
67,044
 
Mississippi
.......................
37,822
38,850
37,344
9,377
135,359
39,404
34,047
29,391
26,500
6,017
Missouri
...........................
68,862
69,354
69,850
6,811
265,352
75,791
68,523
62,280
56,213
2,545
Montana
...........................
12,192
12,607
12,975
251
50,066
13,532
12,877
11,985
11,571
101
Nebraska
.........................
21,242
21,786
22,452
 
91,247
24,861
23,064
21,692
21,630
 
Nevada
............................
25,591
24,911
24,268
691
85,985
24,618
22,660
20,549
18,139
19
New
Hampshire
...............
17,130
17,249
16,793
568
59,929
17,520
15,297
14,317
12,734
61
New
Jersey
......................
96,113
92,672
88,757
70,844
335,490
89,234
80,654
73,096
69,647
22,859
New
Mexico
.....................
24,997
25,148
25,322
 
95,903
29,307
25,601
22,054
18,941
 
New
York
.........................
210,895
206,739
202,221
79,742
854,028
252,864
212,708
165,159
150,444
72,853
North
Carolina
.................
101,621
99,477
96,542
22
341,200
111,493
88,455
75,694
65,558
 
North
Dakota
...................
8,523
8,689
9,137
 
37,783
9,677
9,395
9,405
9,306
 
Ohio
.................................
140,117
141,628
140,706
9,863
540,104
156,492
134,736
127,991
120,885
 
Oklahoma
........................
46,296
46,737
46,999
2,211
180,313
50,270
46,441
42,652
40,024
926
Oregon
.............................
42,023
42,041
42,721
2,119
166,559
45,619
43,201
40,083
36,827
829
Pennsylvania
...................
140,916
141,885
141,714
15,361
554,535
153,464
137,769
128,787
121,152
13,363
Rhode
Island
...................
12,108
12,094
11,592
3,282
42,934
12,548
11,099
9,966
9,138
183
South
Carolina
.................
53,544
52,908
51,601
 
183,055
62,883
47,592
36,109
36,471
 
South
Dakota
...................
9,934
10,338
10,618
113
41,447
11,247
10,649
9,811
9,693
47
Tennessee
.......................
67,708
68,408
66,243
14,384
251,809
74,699
65,873
58,077
53,160
 
Texas
...............................
303,447
306,282
300,830
 
1,095,930
359,368
275,265
243,627
217,670
 
Utah
.................................
35,472
34,493
35,170
6,117
151,070
35,961
36,990
36,905
36,594
4,620
Vermont
...........................
8,035
8,040
8,177
 
32,283
8,748
8,356
7,795
7,014
370
Virginia
.............................
86,303
85,872
85,092
22,622
316,851
95,017
80,490
71,917
69,333
94
Washington
......................
76,893
76,932
77,543
 
308,964
86,602
80,493
73,383
68,486
 
West
Virginia
...................
21,558
22,459
22,409
347
88,336
23,876
22,049
21,142
20,982
287
Wisconsin
........................
64,967
67,103
67,878
 
281,314
78,961
70,934
67,343
64,076
 
Wyoming
..........................
7,091
7,389
7,715
28
30,451
8,059
7,958
7,370
7,049
15
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
3,975
3,876
3,691
 
11,626
4,001
3,238
2,422
1,965
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
5
...
8,434
7,261
6,423
206
17,537
5,671
4,640
3,871
3,355
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
1,086
1,131
1,047
 
3,578
1,059
926
825
725
43
Guam
...............................
2,543
2,446
2,442
 
8,800
3,457
2,234
1,717
1,392
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
763
700
694
 
2,098
746
567
441
344
 
Puerto
Rico
......................
47,470
49,789
45,842
13,435
165,815
43,438
43,885
38,037
34,428
6,027
Virgin
Islands
...................
1,534
2,033
1,540
170
6,045
2,052
1,569
1,187
1,096
141
 
Not
available.
1
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondents.
2
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting.
3
Data
disaggregated
from
reported
data.
4
No
prekindergarten
pupils
reported.
5
Includes
both
overseas
schools
and
domestic
schools.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
54
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
39.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1998
State
or
other
area
Total,
all
levels
Prekindergarten
through
grade
8
and
elementary
unclassified
Total
Prekindergarten
1
Kindergarten
Grade
1
Grade
2
Grade
3
Grade
4
Grade
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
..............
2
46,538,585
33,345,801
2
728,703
3,442,874
3,727,158
3,681,463
3,695,643
3,592,153
3,520,104
Alabama
..........................
2
747,980
542,350
2
10,341
58,055
63,634
60,341
60,458
58,610
57,436
Alaska
..............................
135,373
96,979
2,017
9,838
10,641
10,754
10,818
10,555
10,528
Arizona
............................
848,262
622,747
5,209
65,312
72,179
71,669
70,193
67,764
66,336
Arkansas
..........................
452,256
319,232
1,390
34,120
36,162
35,599
35,822
35,034
34,211
California
.........................
2
5,926,037
4,269,926
2
81,926
459,262
485,781
487,454
489,702
462,241
451,602
Colorado
..........................
699,135
501,449
13,068
50,859
55,589
55,284
55,304
54,382
54,068
Connecticut
......................
544,698
399,381
10,056
42,500
44,936
44,398
45,154
44,520
43,559
Delaware
.........................
113,262
79,955
602
8,025
9,307
8,996
8,674
8,538
8,834
District
of
Columbia
.........
71,889
56,712
4,831
6,446
7,094
6,772
6,101
5,607
4,608
Florida
..............................
2,337,633
1,704,024
53,969
174,470
184,802
186,394
188,445
186,203
182,770
Georgia
............................
1,401,291
1,029,386
30,779
112,287
114,855
114,454
115,495
112,226
109,053
Hawaii
..............................
188,069
134,685
674
15,019
15,698
15,894
16,050
15,215
14,840
Idaho
................................
244,722
168,604
2,123
17,318
18,623
18,449
18,901
18,510
18,753
Illinois
...............................
2,011,530
1,451,579
59,389
150,953
162,128
160,498
165,485
152,841
149,279
Indiana
.............................
989,001
697,247
5,557
71,996
81,488
79,714
78,841
77,667
75,763
Iowa
.................................
498,214
336,696
4,975
35,772
35,699
35,866
36,500
35,776
35,106
Kansas
.............................
472,353
327,474
2,595
31,279
35,472
35,061
35,599
35,197
35,357
Kentucky
..........................
655,687
464,348
16,864
46,900
3
51,179
3
50,308
3
50,479
48,707
46,599
Louisiana
.........................
768,734
558,473
16,486
58,922
62,808
59,447
58,493
57,476
56,507
Maine
...............................
211,051
151,440
1,078
14,745
16,046
15,918
16,380
16,587
16,971
Maryland
..........................
841,671
606,560
20,013
57,813
66,761
67,387
68,479
67,230
65,175
Massachusetts
.................
962,317
704,624
18,884
71,390
78,873
78,112
79,612
77,943
75,873
Michigan
..........................
2
1,720,287
1,245,321
2
23,782
131,021
133,023
134,126
134,512
127,655
123,216
Minnesota
........................
856,455
586,719
9,116
61,023
62,038
62,358
64,678
64,101
64,024
Mississippi
.......................
502,379
365,497
1,548
39,509
43,366
41,017
40,376
38,471
37,974
Missouri
...........................
913,494
650,839
16,584
67,374
72,577
70,905
70,204
69,262
67,984
Montana
...........................
159,988
109,535
4
515
10,848
12,002
11,580
11,969
11,808
12,128
Nebraska
.........................
291,140
199,754
4,595
21,145
21,198
21,445
22,023
21,378
21,275
Nevada
............................
311,061
229,275
2,140
23,986
27,167
27,001
26,734
25,629
24,759
New
Hampshire
...............
204,713
146,722
1,586
8,831
17,388
16,520
17,152
16,959
16,886
New
Jersey
......................
1,268,996
936,428
10,560
90,689
101,808
100,091
100,289
97,881
93,982
New
Mexico
.....................
328,753
232,485
2,932
23,759
26,101
25,935
25,677
25,701
25,446
New
York
.........................
2,877,143
2,028,167
38,196
202,894
225,811
222,656
224,581
214,629
208,589
North
Carolina
.................
1,254,821
920,838
7,610
102,603
107,679
105,581
104,907
102,456
99,282
North
Dakota
...................
114,927
76,926
671
7,920
8,247
8,117
8,187
8,416
8,529
Ohio
.................................
1,842,163
1,301,025
22,373
134,981
146,068
142,894
143,048
140,467
138,250
Oklahoma
........................
628,492
447,906
16,787
44,664
53,868
47,543
47,327
46,750
46,236
Oregon
.............................
542,809
379,770
547
37,530
41,912
42,764
43,005
42,784
41,966
Pennsylvania
...................
1,816,414
1,267,226
2,712
126,155
141,973
140,305
141,360
139,387
138,971
Rhode
Island
...................
154,785
112,483
811
10,907
12,846
12,466
12,746
12,323
12,003
South
Carolina
.................
2
664,600
477,858
2
9,188
47,160
54,402
53,492
49,338
53,929
52,675
South
Dakota
...................
132,495
90,887
654
9,495
9,714
9,539
9,778
9,931
9,815
Tennessee
.......................
2
905,454
664,582
2
12,518
71,870
75,855
73,828
73,085
71,249
68,746
Texas
...............................
3,945,367
2,868,209
136,945
290,432
318,863
309,313
307,892
301,475
299,362
Utah
.................................
481,176
328,522
4,115
34,529
36,336
35,901
35,988
35,008
35,304
Vermont
...........................
105,120
73,257
2,377
6,976
7,584
7,739
7,932
8,165
7,970
Virginia
.............................
1,124,022
815,266
5,161
84,154
89,967
89,326
89,857
87,278
83,074
Washington
......................
998,053
695,950
5,901
71,323
77,761
77,571
78,617
77,372
75,902
West
Virginia
...................
297,530
205,840
5,822
21,821
22,560
22,355
22,119
21,732
21,402
Wisconsin
........................
879,542
600,703
20,131
59,611
62,652
63,506
64,307
64,255
63,971
Wyoming
..........................
95,241
63,940
(
5)
6,383
6,637
6,820
6,970
6,873
7,155
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools,
overseas
schools
.........
78,170
63,209
975
7,584
8,336
7,725
7,710
7,229
6,645
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
15,372
11,806
1,452
1,208
1,267
1,185
1,197
1,170
1,096
Guam
...............................
32,222
23,858
551
2,181
2,950
2,783
2,844
2,683
2,661
Northern
Marianas
...........
9,498
7,420
526
624
913
826
839
791
783
Puerto
Rico
......................
613,862
451,943
1,037
44,106
51,599
48,247
50,419
51,337
49,561
Virgin
Islands
...................
20,976
15,198
(
5)
1,426
1,746
1,793
1,687
1,651
1,613
55
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
39.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade
and
state:
Fall
1998
 
Continued
State
or
other
area
Prekindergarten
through
grade
8
and
elementary
unclassified
Grades
9
through
12
and
secondary
unclassified
Grade
6
Grade
7
Grade
8
Elementary
unclassified
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Secondary
unclassified
1
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
United
States
..............
3,496,812
3,529,620
3,480,371
450,900
13,192,784
3,856,464
3,382,134
3,020,899
2,721,709
211,578
Alabama
..........................
57,689
58,681
57,105
 
205,630
62,724
52,731
46,218
43,957
 
Alaska
..............................
10,399
10,932
10,497
 
38,394
11,442
9,749
8,800
8,403
 
Arizona
............................
64,938
66,648
63,943
8,556
225,515
67,476
60,333
51,245
45,813
648
Arkansas
..........................
34,183
35,570
35,936
1,205
133,024
36,378
35,264
31,742
29,123
517
California
.........................
433,720
431,003
424,768
62,467
1,656,111
468,162
433,528
390,742
334,852
28,827
Colorado
..........................
54,053
54,589
53,556
697
197,686
58,265
51,622
47,173
40,076
550
Connecticut
......................
42,167
41,837
40,254
 
145,317
43,140
37,682
34,058
30,437
 
Delaware
.........................
8,693
9,322
8,964
 
33,307
10,453
8,861
7,223
6,770
 
District
of
Columbia
.........
4,175
4,557
4,083
2,438
15,177
4,387
3,786
3,187
2,572
1,245
Florida
..............................
183,929
183,976
179,066
 
633,609
214,459
171,405
135,021
112,724
 
Georgia
............................
108,517
106,857
104,863
 
371,905
123,055
95,755
81,968
71,127
 
Hawaii
..............................
14,292
13,610
13,339
54
53,384
16,125
13,981
12,848
10,384
46
Idaho
................................
18,396
18,458
19,073
 
76,118
20,562
19,680
18,621
17,255
 
Illinois
...............................
151,150
148,980
148,529
2,347
559,951
161,476
140,486
129,037
127,506
1,446
Indiana
.............................
73,805
75,018
74,775
2,623
291,754
82,657
73,345
69,191
64,293
2,268
Iowa
.................................
35,429
37,529
38,374
5,670
161,518
40,741
39,652
38,275
37,166
5,684
Kansas
.............................
35,873
36,876
37,189
6,976
144,879
39,290
37,153
33,696
31,955
2,785
Kentucky
..........................
48,061
48,617
49,580
7,054
191,339
55,999
49,274
43,729
39,369
3
2,968
Louisiana
.........................
58,353
60,940
56,683
12,358
210,261
64,064
53,319
46,531
41,479
4,868
Maine
...............................
16,727
17,500
17,438
2,050
59,611
16,635
15,335
13,951
12,996
694
Maryland
..........................
64,561
63,379
62,174
3,588
235,111
68,672
59,651
53,890
49,321
3,577
Massachusetts
.................
74,131
73,148
72,101
4,557
257,693
74,668
66,456
61,200
55,369
 
Michigan
..........................
123,596
124,352
123,565
66,473
474,966
132,899
115,887
105,720
94,361
26,099
Minnesota
........................
64,031
67,451
67,899
 
269,736
69,813
68,380
68,529
63,014
 
Mississippi
.......................
37,139
39,422
37,322
9,353
136,882
40,169
34,875
29,319
26,452
6,067
Missouri
...........................
68,541
70,216
69,965
7,227
262,655
73,989
68,955
60,881
56,165
2,665
Montana
...........................
12,444
12,984
12,994
263
50,453
13,655
12,816
12,266
11,611
105
Nebraska
.........................
21,603
22,367
22,725
 
91,386
24,901
22,865
22,103
21,517
 
Nevada
............................
24,196
23,816
23,168
679
81,786
23,183
21,652
20,108
16,824
19
New
Hampshire
...............
17,139
16,765
16,848
648
57,991
16,566
15,149
14,061
12,148
67
New
Jersey
......................
90,971
88,587
86,032
75,538
332,568
86,450
78,892
73,985
68,618
24,623
New
Mexico
.....................
25,458
25,760
25,716
 
96,268
29,414
26,245
21,885
18,724
 
New
York
.........................
204,177
204,605
200,097
81,932
848,976
247,917
212,054
166,183
148,315
74,507
North
Carolina
.................
98,276
96,840
95,522
82
333,983
108,749
86,952
74,806
63,476
 
North
Dakota
...................
8,474
9,044
9,321
 
38,001
9,696
9,664
9,559
9,082
 
Ohio
.................................
139,297
142,823
141,749
9,075
541,138
152,978
137,621
129,869
120,670
 
Oklahoma
........................
46,702
47,840
47,933
2,256
180,586
50,328
47,393
43,152
38,769
944
Oregon
.............................
41,828
42,598
42,825
2,011
163,039
45,260
42,838
39,095
35,079
767
Pennsylvania
...................
138,900
142,621
138,766
16,076
549,188
149,158
139,026
128,366
118,850
13,788
Rhode
Island
...................
11,831
11,777
11,372
3,401
42,302
12,504
10,864
10,018
8,727
189
South
Carolina
.................
52,690
53,284
51,700
 
186,742
63,683
46,768
39,654
36,637
 
South
Dakota
...................
10,250
10,718
10,841
152
41,608
11,302
10,515
10,208
9,521
62
Tennessee
.......................
67,336
68,684
66,468
14,943
240,872
72,169
63,426
55,837
49,440
 
Texas
...............................
300,246
303,921
299,760
 
1,077,158
350,743
273,161
240,751
212,503
 
Utah
.................................
34,356
35,151
35,559
6,275
152,654
36,598
37,415
38,138
35,706
4,797
Vermont
...........................
8,124
8,190
8,200
 
31,863
9,016
8,189
7,494
6,823
341
Virginia
.............................
84,594
84,975
85,348
31,532
308,756
90,241
79,387
71,212
67,787
129
Washington
......................
76,162
78,001
77,340
 
302,103
85,131
79,208
71,982
65,782
 
West
Virginia
...................
22,082
22,997
22,623
327
91,690
24,061
23,446
22,562
21,344
277
Wisconsin
........................
65,788
68,001
68,481
 
278,839
76,660
71,273
67,146
63,760
 
Wyoming
..........................
7,340
7,803
7,942
17
31,301
8,401
8,170
7,664
7,057
9
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools,
overseas
schools
.........
6,169
5,665
5,171
 
14,961
4,731
4,021
3,388
2,821
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
1,147
1,080
1,004
 
3,566
1,034
932
814
741
45
Guam
...............................
2,467
2,468
2,270
 
8,364
3,002
2,278
1,656
1,428
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
815
653
650
 
2,078
761
567
398
352
 
Puerto
Rico
......................
47,714
51,079
46,399
10,445
161,919
43,666
43,110
38,320
32,289
4,534
Virgin
Islands
...................
1,603
2,062
1,520
97
5,778
2,178
1,322
1,204
999
75
 
Not
available.
1
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondents.
2
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting.
3
Data
disaggregated
from
reported
data.
4
Some
prekindergarten
pupils
reported
with
kindergarten
enrollment.
5
No
prekindergarten
pupils
reported.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
56
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
40.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
grade:
Fall
1985
to
fall
1999
Grade
Fall
1985
Fall
1986
Fall
1987
Fall
1988
Fall
1989
Fall
1990
Fall
1991
Fall
1992
Fall
1993
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
In
thousands
All
grades
...............
39,422
39,753
40,008
40,189
40,543
41,217
42,047
42,823
43,465
44,111
44,840
45,611
46,127
46,539
46,857
Elementary
.....................
27,034
27,420
27,933
28,501
29,152
29,878
30,506
31,088
31,504
31,898
32,341
32,764
33,073
33,346
33,488
Prekindergarten
.........
151
183
193
225
262
303
375
505
545
603
637
670
695
729
751
Kindergarten
..............
3,041
3,127
3,196
3,208
3,225
3,306
3,311
3,313
3,377
3,444
3,536
3,532
3,503
3,443
3,397
1st
grade
....................
3,239
3,358
3,407
3,460
3,485
3,499
3,556
3,542
3,529
3,593
3,671
3,770
3,755
3,727
3,684
2nd
grade
..................
2,941
3,054
3,173
3,223
3,289
3,327
3,360
3,431
3,429
3,440
3,507
3,600
3,689
3,681
3,655
3rd
grade
...................
2,895
2,933
3,046
3,167
3,235
3,297
3,334
3,361
3,437
3,439
3,445
3,524
3,597
3,696
3,690
4th
grade
...................
2,771
2,896
2,938
3,051
3,182
3,248
3,315
3,342
3,361
3,426
3,431
3,454
3,507
3,592
3,686
5th
grade
...................
2,776
2,775
2,901
2,945
3,067
3,197
3,268
3,325
3,350
3,372
3,438
3,453
3,458
3,520
3,604
6th
grade
...................
2,789
2,806
2,811
2,937
2,987
3,110
3,239
3,303
3,356
3,381
3,395
3,494
3,492
3,497
3,564
7th
grade
...................
2,938
2,899
2,910
2,905
3,027
3,067
3,181
3,299
3,355
3,404
3,422
3,464
3,520
3,530
3,541
8th
grade
...................
2,982
2,870
2,839
2,853
2,853
2,979
3,020
3,129
3,249
3,302
3,356
3,403
3,415
3,480
3,497
Elementary
ungraded
511
520
520
527
540
543
545
539
515
494
502
401
442
451
418
Secondary
......................
12,388
12,333
12,076
11,687
11,390
11,338
11,541
11,735
11,961
12,213
12,500
12,847
13,054
13,193
13,369
9th
grade
...................
3,439
3,256
3,143
3,106
3,141
3,169
3,313
3,352
3,487
3,604
3,704
3,801
3,819
3,856
3,935
10th
grade
.................
3,230
3,215
3,020
2,895
2,868
2,896
2,915
3,027
3,050
3,131
3,237
3,323
3,376
3,382
3,415
11th
grade
.................
2,866
2,954
2,936
2,749
2,629
2,612
2,645
2,656
2,751
2,748
2,826
2,930
2,972
3,021
3,034
12th
grade
.................
2,550
2,601
2,681
2,650
2,473
2,381
2,392
2,431
2,424
2,488
2,487
2,586
2,673
2,722
2,782
Secondary
ungraded
303
308
296
288
279
282
275
269
248
242
245
206
214
212
203
Percentage
distribution
All
grades
...............
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Elementary
.....................
68.6
69.0
69.8
70.9
71.9
72.5
72.6
72.6
72.5
72.3
72.1
71.8
71.7
71.7
71.5
Prekindergarten
.........
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.9
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
Kindergarten
..............
7.7
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.9
7.7
7.8
7.8
7.9
7.7
7.6
7.4
7.3
1st
grade
....................
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.6
8.5
8.5
8.3
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.1
8.0
7.9
2nd
grade
..................
7.5
7.7
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.1
8.0
8.0
7.9
7.8
7.8
7.9
8.0
7.9
7.8
3rd
grade
...................
7.3
7.4
7.6
7.9
8.0
8.0
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.8
7.7
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.9
4th
grade
...................
7.0
7.3
7.3
7.6
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.6
7.7
7.9
5th
grade
...................
7.0
7.0
7.2
7.3
7.6
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.7
7.6
7.5
7.6
7.7
6th
grade
...................
7.1
7.1
7.0
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.6
7.7
7.6
7.5
7.6
7th
grade
...................
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.5
7.4
7.6
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
8th
grade
...................
7.6
7.2
7.1
7.1
7.0
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.5
7.5
Elementary
ungraded
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.1
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.9
Secondary
......................
31.4
31.0
30.2
29.1
28.1
27.5
27.4
27.4
27.5
27.7
27.9
28.2
28.3
28.3
28.5
9th
grade
...................
8.7
8.2
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.4
10th
grade
.................
8.2
8.1
7.5
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
11th
grade
.................
7.3
7.4
7.3
6.8
6.5
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.3
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.5
6.5
12th
grade
.................
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.6
6.1
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.7
5.8
5.8
5.9
Secondary
ungraded
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
NOTE:
Because
of
changes
in
reporting
practices
and
imputation
of
data
for
nonrespondents
in
later
years,
data
for
prekindergarten
enrollment
are
not
comparable
over
time.
Some
data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2001.)
57
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
41.
 
Average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
........
41,934,376
38,288,911
37,703,744
37,799,296
38,426,543
41,501,596
42,262,004
42,765,774
43,187,202
Alabama
....................
777,123
711,432
701,925
683,833
682,524
687,076
700,837
703,343
704,001
Alaska
........................
72,489
79,945
83,745
98,213
102,585
115,958
117,549
120,420
123,535
Arizona
......................
391,526
481,905
476,149
557,252
573,140
684,740
714,021
730,292
757,150
Arkansas
...................
414,158
423,610
417,080
403,025
408,145
423,520
428,525
429,960
431,609
California
...................
4,418,423
4,044,736
4,014,917
4,893,341
5,065,647
5,351,475
5,524,108
5,652,714
5,687,118
Colorado
....................
500,388
513,475
508,750
519,419
521,899
608,633
624,546
637,278
648,378
Connecticut
...............
618,881
507,362
501,085
439,524
450,808
495,188
508,112
516,750
527,623
Delaware
...................
120,819
94,058
89,609
89,838
91,052
99,941
101,067
104,328
104,699
District
of
Columbia
...
138,600
91,576
85,773
71,468
69,092
71,001
70,181
70,160
65,378
Florida
.......................
1,312,693
1,464,461
1,389,487
1,646,583
1,714,394
1,947,777
2,007,876
2,059,923
2,100,655
Georgia
......................
1,019,427
989,433
988,612
1,054,097
1,075,728
1,232,852
1,266,805
1,282,487
1,306,564
Hawaii
........................
168,140
151,563
151,713
157,360
160,193
171,977
172,061
173,566
172,038
Idaho
.........................
170,920
189,199
190,144
203,987
209,085
228,371
230,480
230,209
230,481
Illinois
........................
2,084,844
1,770,435
1,765,357
1,587,733
1,618,101
1,750,417
1,787,306
1,753,953
1,772,237
Indiana
.......................
1,111,043
983,444
944,424
884,568
888,177
909,553
916,717
918,764
923,945
Iowa
...........................
624,403
510,081
501,403
450,224
456,614
477,053
477,221
477,417
475,034
Kansas
......................
470,296
382,019
374,451
388,986
397,609
416,674
417,079
419,015
423,568
Kentucky
....................
647,970
619,868
614,676
569,795
569,713
571,934
570,431
569,694
568,603
Louisiana
...................
776,555
727,601
715,844
727,125
720,551
710,925
720,580
713,931
708,576
Maine
.........................
225,146
211,400
207,554
195,089
196,229
200,700
199,515
198,007
196,403
Maryland
....................
785,989
686,336
664,866
620,617
637,370
719,433
733,029
748,021
783,944
Massachusetts
..........
1,056,207
935,960
950,675
763,231
770,802
845,270
875,720
889,433
908,354
Michigan
....................
1,991,235
1,758,427
1,711,139
1,446,996
1,452,700
1,554,358
1,544,204
1,555,459
1,570,283
Minnesota
..................
864,595
748,606
710,836
699,001
714,072
786,241
798,492
802,455
812,482
Mississippi
.................
524,623
454,401
446,515
476,048
474,029
470,657
472,066
473,144
470,765
Missouri
.....................
906,132
777,269
756,536
729,693
733,680
805,404
820,185
831,307
836,555
Montana
....................
162,664
144,608
141,641
135,406
138,341
148,616
147,626
144,107
141,198
Nebraska
...................
314,516
270,524
263,797
254,754
257,587
270,938
263,828
264,844
265,653
Nevada
......................
113,421
134,995
138,481
173,149
185,755
243,718
258,888
272,786
292,885
New
Hampshire
.........
140,203
154,187
150,316
154,915
156,579
187,067
188,256
191,333
194,250
New
Jersey
...............
1,322,124
1,140,111
1,121,272
997,561
1,016,159
1,125,877
1,152,855
1,178,223
1,197,828
New
Mexico
...............
259,997
253,453
240,496
290,245
291,215
330,851
333,230
333,075
333,439
New
York
...................
3,099,192
2,530,289
2,475,055
2,244,110
2,278,531
2,463,349
2,509,622
2,541,022
2,557,030
North
Carolina
...........
1,104,295
1,072,150
1,055,651
1,012,274
1,012,613
1,096,812
1,122,240
1,146,519
1,165,885
North
Dakota
.............
141,961
118,986
111,759
109,659
109,691
111,870
111,102
111,978
107,458
Ohio
...........................
2,246,282
1,849,283
1,801,914
1,584,735
1,603,025
1,661,014
1,680,044
1,681,773
1,673,309
Oklahoma
..................
560,993
548,065
542,800
543,170
548,387
574,538
580,572
582,459
586,310
Oregon
......................
436,736
418,593
417,009
419,771
431,806
462,108
468,775
472,908
475,898
Pennsylvania
.............
2,169,225
1,808,630
1,754,782
1,524,839
1,542,077
1,651,741
1,668,163
1,682,615
1,686,098
Rhode
Island
.............
163,205
139,195
135,096
125,934
129,856
137,870
138,671
140,906
141,881
South
Carolina
...........
600,292
569,612
580,132
569,029
573,138
605,526
613,761
621,508
626,199
South
Dakota
............
158,543
124,934
121,663
119,823
121,403
127,754
127,387
125,939
124,129
Tennessee
.................
836,010
806,696
797,237
761,766
767,738
819,831
827,308
836,120
840,188
Texas
.........................
2,432,420
2,608,817
2,647,288
3,075,333
3,085,648
3,435,010
3,516,175
3,585,364
3,640,540
Utah
...........................
287,405
312,813
323,048
408,917
417,609
444,679
450,592
450,381
452,379
Vermont
.....................
97,772
95,045
90,884
87,832
88,901
100,166
100,136
99,967
99,282
Virginia
......................
995,580
955,105
938,794
989,197
1,011,513
1,098,862
1,117,402
1,134,876
1,164,595
Washington
...............
764,735
710,929
704,655
755,141
781,371
888,142
903,870
916,215
924,636
West
Virginia
.............
372,278
353,264
351,823
301,947
300,067
285,548
283,391
281,136
276,839
Wisconsin
..................
880,609
770,554
743,505
711,466
731,088
799,391
807,668
817,795
821,176
Wyoming
...................
81,293
89,471
91,381
91,277
92,506
93,190
91,729
89,895
88,139
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
 
 
 
11,448
12,272
14,074
14,114
14,750
14,905
Guam
.........................
20,315
 
22,343
23,883
25,330
31,998
30,555
31,916
 
Northern
Marianas
....
 
 
 
6,809
6,062
7,511
7,784
8,055
8,446
Puerto
Rico
...............
 
656,709
671,661
597,436
597,418
548,788
538,878
543,164
536,875
Virgin
Islands
.............
 
 
23,312
18,924
19,984
19,867
19,474
19,430
18,988
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
California
are
not
strictly
comparable
with
those
for
other
states
because
California's
attendance
figures
through
1990
 
91
include
excused
absences.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
58
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
42.
 
Enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
state:
Fall
1986
and
fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Percent
distribution,
fall
1986
Percent
distribution,
fall
1999
Total
White
1
Black
1
Hispanic
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Total
White
1
Black
1
Hispanic
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
...........
100.0
70.4
16.1
9.9
2.8
0.9
100.0
62.1
17.2
15.6
4.0
1.2
Alabama
.......................
100.0
62.0
37.0
0.1
0.4
0.5
100.0
61.1
36.4
1.1
0.7
0.7
Alaska
...........................
100.0
65.7
4.3
1.7
3.3
25.1
100.0
62.2
4.5
3.2
5.2
24.9
Arizona
.........................
100.0
62.2
4.0
26.4
1.3
6.1
100.0
54.0
4.6
32.7
1.9
6.8
Arkansas
.......................
100.0
74.7
24.2
0.4
0.6
0.2
100.0
72.2
23.5
3.0
0.9
0.5
California
......................
100.0
53.7
9.0
27.5
9.1
0.7
100.0
37.0
8.6
42.4
11.1
0.9
Colorado
.......................
100.0
78.7
4.5
13.7
2.0
1.0
100.0
69.5
5.7
20.8
2.8
1.2
Connecticut
...................
100.0
77.2
12.1
8.9
1.5
0.2
100.0
70.5
13.7
12.8
2.7
0.3
Delaware
......................
100.0
68.3
27.7
2.5
1.4
0.2
100.0
61.6
30.6
5.4
2.2
0.2
District
of
Columbia
......
100.0
4.0
91.1
3.9
0.9
0.1
100.0
4.1
86.2
8.3
1.5
(
2)
Florida
...........................
100.0
65.4
23.7
9.5
1.2
0.2
100.0
54.3
25.4
18.2
1.9
0.3
Georgia
.........................
100.0
60.7
37.9
0.6
0.8
(
2)
100.0
55.5
38.2
4.0
2.1
0.2
Hawaii
...........................
100.0
23.5
2.3
2.2
71.7
0.3
100.0
20.5
2.4
4.6
72.2
0.4
Idaho
.............................
100.0
92.6
0.3
4.9
0.8
1.3
100.0
86.7
0.8
10.0
1.2
1.3
Illinois
............................
100.0
69.8
18.7
9.2
2.3
0.1
100.0
60.7
21.3
14.6
3.3
0.2
Indiana
..........................
100.0
88.7
9.0
1.7
0.5
0.1
100.0
84.3
11.5
3.1
0.9
0.2
Iowa
..............................
100.0
94.6
3.0
0.9
1.2
0.3
100.0
90.8
3.8
3.2
1.7
0.5
Kansas
..........................
100.0
85.6
7.6
4.4
1.9
0.6
100.0
79.7
8.7
8.3
2.1
1.2
Kentucky
.......................
100.0
89.2
10.2
0.1
0.5
(
2)
100.0
88.1
10.5
0.8
0.5
0.1
Louisiana
......................
100.0
56.5
41.3
0.8
1.1
0.3
100.0
49.2
47.6
1.3
1.3
0.6
Maine
............................
100.0
98.3
0.5
0.2
0.8
0.2
100.0
96.8
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.7
Maryland
.......................
100.0
59.7
35.3
1.7
3.1
0.2
100.0
54.3
36.8
4.4
4.2
0.3
Massachusetts
..............
100.0
83.7
7.4
6.0
2.8
0.1
100.0
76.6
8.6
10.2
4.3
0.3
Michigan
.......................
100.0
76.4
19.8
1.8
1.2
0.8
100.0
74.4
19.6
3.2
1.7
1.0
Minnesota
.....................
100.0
93.9
2.1
0.9
1.7
1.5
100.0
84.0
6.2
2.9
4.9
2.0
Mississippi
....................
100.0
43.9
55.5
0.1
0.4
0.1
100.0
47.5
51.0
0.6
0.6
0.1
Missouri
........................
100.0
83.4
14.9
0.7
0.8
0.2
100.0
79.7
17.3
1.6
1.1
0.3
Montana
........................
100.0
92.7
0.3
0.9
0.5
5.5
100.0
86.5
0.6
1.7
0.9
10.4
Nebraska
......................
100.0
91.4
4.4
2.4
0.8
1.0
100.0
86.0
5.7
5.7
1.3
1.3
Nevada
.........................
100.0
77.4
9.6
7.5
3.2
2.3
100.0
58.9
10.1
23.9
5.4
1.8
New
Hampshire
............
100.0
98.0
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.1
100.0
95.9
1.1
1.6
1.2
0.2
New
Jersey
...................
100.0
69.1
17.4
10.7
2.7
0.1
100.0
60.8
18.1
14.9
6.1
0.2
New
Mexico
..................
100.0
43.1
2.3
45.1
0.8
8.7
100.0
36.2
2.3
49.4
1.1
11.0
New
York
......................
100.0
68.4
16.5
12.3
2.7
0.2
100.0
55.2
20.3
18.3
5.8
0.4
North
Carolina
..............
100.0
68.4
28.9
0.4
0.6
1.7
100.0
61.8
31.3
3.7
1.8
1.5
North
Dakota
................
100.0
92.4
0.6
1.1
0.8
5.0
100.0
89.4
0.9
1.3
0.8
7.6
Ohio
..............................
100.0
83.1
15.0
1.0
0.7
0.1
100.0
81.1
16.1
1.6
1.1
0.1
Oklahoma
.....................
100.0
79.0
7.8
1.6
1.0
10.6
100.0
66.2
10.7
5.4
1.4
16.3
Oregon
..........................
100.0
89.8
2.2
3.9
2.4
1.7
100.0
81.9
2.8
9.5
3.8
2.1
Pennsylvania
................
100.0
84.4
12.6
1.8
1.2
0.1
100.0
78.8
14.9
4.2
1.9
0.1
Rhode
Island
................
100.0
87.9
5.6
3.7
2.4
0.3
100.0
75.5
7.7
13.1
3.2
0.5
South
Carolina
..............
100.0
54.6
44.5
0.2
0.6
0.1
100.0
55.2
42.2
1.5
0.9
0.2
South
Dakota
................
100.0
90.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
7.6
100.0
87.0
1.1
1.1
0.9
9.8
Tennessee
....................
100.0
76.5
22.6
0.2
0.6
(
2)
100.0
72.9
24.4
1.5
1.1
0.2
Texas
............................
100.0
51.0
14.4
32.5
2.0
0.2
100.0
43.1
14.4
39.6
2.6
0.3
Utah
..............................
100.0
93.7
0.4
3.0
1.5
1.5
100.0
86.9
0.9
8.0
2.6
1.6
Vermont
........................
100.0
98.4
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.6
100.0
96.8
1.0
0.5
1.1
0.5
Virginia
..........................
100.0
72.6
23.7
1.0
2.6
0.1
100.0
64.3
27.2
4.3
3.9
0.3
Washington
...................
100.0
84.5
4.2
3.8
5.1
2.3
100.0
75.3
5.2
9.6
7.2
2.7
West
Virginia
................
100.0
95.9
3.7
0.1
0.3
(
2)
100.0
94.8
4.2
0.4
0.5
0.1
Wisconsin
.....................
100.0
86.6
8.9
1.9
1.7
1.0
100.0
81.4
9.8
4.1
3.2
1.4
Wyoming
.......................
100.0
90.7
0.9
5.9
0.6
1.9
100.0
88.4
1.0
6.8
0.8
2.9
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
 
 
 
100.0
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
..
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
59.4
21.4
7.5
10.8
1.0
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
 
 
100.0
 
Guam
............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
1.9
0.4
0.2
97.4
0.1
Northern
Marianas
........
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
0.7
 
 
99.3
 
Puerto
Rico
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
 
100.0
 
 
Virgin
Islands
................
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
0.9
83.6
15.2
0.1
0.1
 
Not
available.
1
Excludes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
2
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
The
1986
 
87
data
were
derived
from
the
1986
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Civil
Rights
sample
survey
of
public
school
districts.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
for
Civil
Rights,
1986
State
Summaries
of
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Civil
Rights
Survey;
and
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
59
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
43.
 
Enrollment
of
3­,
4­,
and
5­
year­
old
children
in
preprimary
programs,
by
level
and
control
of
program
and
by
attendance
status:
October
1965
to
October
2000
[
In
thousands]

Year
and
age
Total
population,
3
to
5
years
old
Enrollment
by
level
and
control
Enrollment
by
attendance
Total
Percent
enrolled
Nursery
school
Kindergarten
Full­
day
Part­
day
Percent
full­
day
Public
Private
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total,
3
to
5
years
old
1965
.............................................................................
12,549
3,407
(
87)
27.1
(
0.7)
127
393
2,291
596
 
 
 
 
1970
.............................................................................
10,949
4,104
(
71)
37.5
(
0.7)
332
762
2,498
511
698
(
36)
3,405
17.0
1975
.............................................................................
10,185
4,955
(
71)
48.7
(
0.7)
570
1,174
2,682
528
1,295
(
47)
3,659
26.1
1980
.............................................................................
9,284
4,878
(
69)
52.5
(
0.7)
628
1,353
2,438
459
1,551
(
51)
3,327
31.8
1984
.............................................................................
10,612
5,480
(
77)
51.6
(
0.7)
742
1,593
2,668
476
1,929
(
60)
3,550
35.2
1985
.............................................................................
10,733
5,865
(
78)
54.6
(
0.7)
846
1,631
2,847
541
2,144
(
62)
3,722
36.6
1986
.............................................................................
10,866
5,971
(
78)
55.0
(
0.7)
829
1,715
2,859
567
2,241
(
63)
3,730
37.5
1987
.............................................................................
10,872
5,931
(
78)
54.6
(
0.7)
819
1,736
2,842
534
2,090
(
62)
3,841
35.2
1988
.............................................................................
10,993
5,978
(
87)
54.4
(
0.8)
851
1,770
2,875
481
2,044
(
68)
3,935
34.2
1989
.............................................................................
11,039
6,026
(
87)
54.6
(
0.8)
930
1,894
2,704
497
2,238
(
70)
3,789
37.1
1990
.............................................................................
11,207
6,659
(
82)
59.4
(
0.7)
1,199
2,180
2,772
509
2,577
(
71)
4,082
38.7
1991
.............................................................................
11,370
6,334
(
84)
55.7
(
0.7)
996
1,828
2,967
543
2,408
(
69)
3,926
38.0
1992
.............................................................................
11,545
6,402
(
85)
55.5
(
0.7)
1,073
1,783
2,995
550
2,410
(
69)
3,992
37.6
1993
.............................................................................
11,954
6,581
(
86)
55.1
(
0.7)
1,205
1,779
3,020
577
2,642
(
72)
3,939
40.1
1994
1
..........................................................................
12,328
7,514
(
86)
61.0
(
0.7)
1,848
2,314
2,819
534
3,468
(
80)
4,046
46.2
1995
1
..........................................................................
12,518
7,739
(
87)
61.8
(
0.7)
1,950
2,381
2,800
608
3,689
(
81)
4,051
47.7
1996
1
..........................................................................
12,378
7,580
(
90)
61.2
(
0.7)
1,830
2,317
2,853
580
3,562
(
83)
4,019
47.0
1997
1
..........................................................................
12,121
7,860
(
87)
64.9
(
0.7)
2,207
2,231
2,847
575
3,922
(
85)
3,939
49.9
1998
1
..........................................................................
12,078
7,788
(
87)
64.5
(
0.7)
2,213
2,299
2,674
602
3,959
(
85)
3,829
50.8
1999
1
..........................................................................
11,920
7,844
(
86)
65.8
(
0.7)
2,209
2,298
2,777
560
4,154
(
86)
3,690
53.0
2000
1
..........................................................................
11,858
7,592
(
86)
64.0
(
0.7)
2,146
2,180
2,701
565
4,008
(
85)
3,584
52.8
3
years
old
1965
.............................................................................
4,149
203
(
24)
4.9
(
0.6)
41
153
5
4
 
 
 
 
1970
.............................................................................
3,516
454
(
28)
12.9
(
0.8)
110
322
12
10
142
(
16)
312
31.3
1975
.............................................................................
3,177
683
(
33)
21.5
(
1.0)
179
474
11
18
259
(
22)
423
37.9
1980
.............................................................................
3,143
857
(
36)
27.3
(
1.1)
221
604
16
17
321
(
24)
536
37.5
1984
.............................................................................
3,609
1,004
(
41)
27.8
(
1.1)
295
658
30
22
401
(
28)
603
39.9
1985
.............................................................................
3,594
1,035
(
41)
28.8
(
1.1)
278
679
52
26
350
(
27)
685
33.8
1986
.............................................................................
3,607
1,041
(
41)
28.9
(
1.1)
257
737
26
21
399
(
28)
642
38.3
1987
.............................................................................
3,569
1,022
(
41)
28.6
(
1.1)
264
703
24
31
378
(
28)
644
37.0
1988
.............................................................................
3,719
1,027
(
45)
27.6
(
1.2)
298
678
24
26
369
(
30)
658
35.9
1989
.............................................................................
3,713
1,005
(
45)
27.1
(
1.2)
277
707
3
18
390
(
31)
615
38.8
1990
.............................................................................
3,692
1,205
(
45)
32.6
(
1.2)
347
840
11
7
447
(
31)
758
37.1
1991
.............................................................................
3,811
1,074
(
44)
28.2
(
1.2)
313
702
38
22
388
(
30)
687
36.1
1992
.............................................................................
3,905
1,081
(
44)
27.7
(
1.1)
336
685
26
34
371
(
29)
711
34.3
1993
.............................................................................
4,053
1,097
(
45)
27.1
(
1.1)
369
687
20
20
426
(
31)
670
38.9
1994
1
..........................................................................
4,081
1,385
(
48)
33.9
(
1.2)
469
887
19
9
670
(
38)
715
48.4
1995
1
..........................................................................
4,148
1,489
(
49)
35.9
(
1.2)
511
947
15
17
754
(
40)
736
50.6
1996
1
..........................................................................
4,045
1,506
(
51)
37.2
(
1.3)
511
947
22
26
657
(
39)
848
43.7
1997
1
..........................................................................
3,947
1,528
(
51)
38.7
(
1.3)
643
843
25
18
754
(
41)
774
49.4
1998
1
..........................................................................
3,989
1,498
(
51)
37.6
(
1.3)
587
869
27
14
735
(
40)
763
49.1
1999
1
..........................................................................
3,862
1,505
(
50)
39.0
(
1.3)
621
859
13
12
773
(
41)
732
51.3
2000
1
..........................................................................
3,929
1,541
(
51)
39.2
(
1.3)
644
854
27
16
761
(
41)
779
49.4
4
years
old
1965
.............................................................................
4,238
683
(
42)
16.1
(
1.0)
68
213
284
118
 
 
 
 
1970
.............................................................................
3,620
1,007
(
38)
27.8
(
1.1)
176
395
318
117
230
(
21)
776
22.8
1975
.............................................................................
3,499
1,418
(
41)
40.5
(
1.2)
332
644
313
129
411
(
27)
1,008
29.0
1980
.............................................................................
3,072
1,423
(
40)
46.3
(
1.3)
363
701
239
120
467
(
28)
956
32.8
1984
.............................................................................
3,579
1,603
(
45)
44.8
(
1.3)
376
860
257
110
521
(
32)
1,082
32.5
1985
.............................................................................
3,598
1,766
(
45)
49.1
(
1.3)
496
859
276
135
643
(
35)
1,123
36.4
1986
.............................................................................
3,616
1,772
(
45)
49.0
(
1.3)
498
903
257
115
622
(
34)
1,150
35.1
1987
.............................................................................
3,597
1,717
(
45)
47.7
(
1.3)
431
881
280
125
548
(
32)
1,169
31.9
1988
.............................................................................
3,598
1,768
(
50)
49.1
(
1.4)
481
922
261
104
519
(
35)
1,249
29.4
1989
.............................................................................
3,692
1,882
(
51)
51.0
(
1.4)
524
1,055
202
100
592
(
37)
1,290
31.4
1990
.............................................................................
3,723
2,087
(
48)
56.1
(
1.3)
695
1,144
157
91
716
(
38)
1,371
34.3
1991
.............................................................................
3,763
1,994
(
48)
53.0
(
1.3)
584
982
287
140
667
(
37)
1,326
33.5
1992
.............................................................................
3,807
1,982
(
49)
52.1
(
1.3)
602
971
282
126
632
(
36)
1,350
31.9
1993
.............................................................................
4,044
2,178
(
50)
53.9
(
1.2)
719
957
349
154
765
(
39)
1,413
35.1
1994
1
..........................................................................
4,202
2,532
(
51)
60.3
(
1.2)
1,020
1,232
198
82
1,095
(
45)
1,438
43.2
1995
1
..........................................................................
4,145
2,553
(
50)
61.6
(
1.2)
1,054
1,208
207
84
1,104
(
45)
1,449
43.3
1996
1
..........................................................................
4,148
2,454
(
52)
59.2
(
1.3)
1,029
1,168
180
77
1,034
(
46)
1,420
42.1
1997
1
..........................................................................
4,033
2,665
(
50)
66.1
(
1.2)
1,197
1,169
207
92
1,161
(
47)
1,505
43.5
1998
1
..........................................................................
4,002
2,666
(
49)
66.6
(
1.2)
1,183
1,219
210
53
1,179
(
48)
1,487
44.2
1999
1
..........................................................................
4,021
2,769
(
48)
68.9
(
1.2)
1,212
1,227
207
122
1,355
(
49)
1,414
48.9
2000
1
..........................................................................
3,940
2,556
(
49)
64.9
(
1.3)
1,144
1,121
227
65
1,182
(
48)
1,374
46.2
5
years
old
2
1965
.............................................................................
4,162
2,521
(
55)
60.6
(
1.3)
18
27
2,002
474
 
 
 
 
1970
.............................................................................
3,814
2,643
(
40)
69.3
(
1.1)
45
45
2,168
384
326
(
24)
2,317
12.3
1975
.............................................................................
3,509
2,854
(
33)
81.3
(
0.9)
59
57
2,358
381
625
(
32)
2,228
21.9
1980
.............................................................................
3,069
2,598
(
29)
84.7
(
0.9)
44
48
2,183
322
763
(
34)
1,835
29.4
1984
.............................................................................
3,423
2,872
(
32)
83.9
(
0.9)
72
76
2,381
344
1,007
(
40)
1,865
35.1
1985
.............................................................................
3,542
3,065
(
31)
86.5
(
0.9)
73
94
2,519
379
1,151
(
42)
1,914
37.6
1986
.............................................................................
3,643
3,157
(
31)
86.7
(
0.8)
75
75
2,576
432
1,220
(
43)
1,937
38.6
1987
.............................................................................
3,706
3,192
(
32)
86.1
(
0.9)
124
152
2,538
378
1,163
(
43)
2,028
36.4
1988
.............................................................................
3,676
3,184
(
34)
86.6
(
0.9)
72
170
2,590
351
1,155
(
47)
2,028
36.3
1989
.............................................................................
3,633
3,139
(
34)
86.4
(
0.9)
129
132
2,499
378
1,255
(
48)
1,883
40.0
1990
.............................................................................
3,792
3,367
(
31)
88.8
(
0.8)
157
196
2,604
411
1,414
(
47)
1,953
42.0
1991
.............................................................................
3,796
3,267
(
34)
86.0
(
0.9)
100
143
2,642
382
1,354
(
47)
1,913
41.4
1992
.............................................................................
3,832
3,339
(
33)
87.1
(
0.9)
135
127
2,688
390
1,408
(
47)
1,931
42.2
1993
.............................................................................
3,857
3,306
(
34)
85.7
(
0.9)
116
136
2,651
403
1,451
(
48)
1,856
43.9
1994
1
..........................................................................
4,044
3,597
(
32)
88.9
(
0.8)
359
194
2,601
442
1,704
(
50)
1,893
47.4
1995
1
..........................................................................
4,224
3,697
(
34)
87.5
(
0.8)
385
226
2,578
507
1,830
(
51)
1,867
49.5
1996
1
..........................................................................
4,185
3,621
(
36)
86.5
(
0.9)
290
202
2,652
477
1,870
(
53)
1,750
51.7
1997
1
..........................................................................
4,141
3,667
(
34)
88.5
(
0.8)
368
219
2,616
465
2,007
(
53)
1,660
54.7
1998
1
..........................................................................
4,087
3,624
(
33)
88.7
(
0.8)
442
211
2,437
535
2,044
(
53)
1,579
56.4
1999
1
..........................................................................
4,037
3,571
(
34)
88.4
(
0.8)
376
212
2,557
426
2,027
(
52)
1,544
56.8
2000
1
..........................................................................
3,989
3,495
(
34)
87.6
(
0.9)
359
206
2,447
484
2,065
(
52)
1,431
59.1
 
Not
available.
1
Data
collected
using
new
procedures.
May
not
be
comparable
with
figures
prior
to
1994.
2
Enrollment
data
include
only
those
students
in
preprimary
programs.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Although
cells
with
fewer
than
75,000
children
are
subject
to
wide
sampling
variation,
they
are
included
in
the
table
to
permit
various
types
of
aggregations.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Preprimary
Enrollment,
various
years;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
60
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
44.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
preschool
children
under
6
years
old,
by
type
of
primary
nonparental
care
arrangement,
and
average
hours
in
center­
based
programs,
by
child
and
family
characteristics:
1995
Child
and
family
characteristics
Number
of
children
age
0
to
5,
in
thousands
Percent
in
centerbased
programs
Average
hours
per
week
in
noncare
1
Percentage
distribution,
by
type
of
primary
care
arrangement
Head
Start
Other
centerbased
Parental
care
only
Family
child
care
Sitter
Relative
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
preschool
children
2
..............................
21,414
26
(
0.5)
30
(
0.3)
3
(
0.2)
23
(
0.5)
41
(
0.9)
13
(
0.6)
3
(
0.2)
17
(
0.5)

Age
Under
1
year
....................................................
4,158
6
(
0.9)
31
(
0.9)
 
 
6
(
0.9)
56
(
1.6)
14
(
1.0)
3
(
0.5)
21
(
1.2)
1
year
old
.........................................................
4,027
10
(
0.8)
32
(
0.7)
 
 
10
(
0.8)
51
(
1.7)
15
(
1.0)
3
(
0.5)
20
(
1.2)
2
years
old
.......................................................
4,007
17
(
0.8)
30
(
0.6)
 
 
17
(
0.8)
47
(
1.6)
15
(
1.2)
4
(
0.6)
17
(
1.0)
3
years
old
.......................................................
4,123
35
(
1.4)
29
(
0.5)
4
(
0.5)
31
(
1.3)
33
(
1.9)
13
(
1.1)
3
(
0.6)
17
(
1.2)
4
years
old
.......................................................
4,061
55
(
1.4)
28
(
0.5)
10
(
0.8)
44
(
1.5)
23
(
1.3)
9
(
0.9)
2
(
0.4)
11
(
0.8)
5
years
old
.......................................................
1,038
64
(
2.6)
28
(
1.1)
12
(
2.1)
52
(
2.4)
16
(
1.8)
9
(
1.5)
2
(
0.6)
8
(
1.7)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........................................
13,996
28
(
0.7)
28
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
26
(
0.7)
39
(
1.1)
15
(
0.8)
4
(
0.4)
14
(
0.6)
Black
non­
Hispanic
..........................................
3,338
29
(
1.8)
36
(
0.8)
8
(
0.8)
21
(
1.6)
35
(
2.1)
9
(
1.0)
1
(
0.3)
25
(
1.6)
Hispanic
...........................................................
2,838
15
(
0.9)
31
(
0.7)
4
(
0.6)
11
(
0.9)
54
(
1.7)
8
(
0.8)
2
(
0.4)
20
(
1.2)
Other
................................................................
1,243
25
(
2.5)
33
(
1.2)
4
(
1.4)
20
(
2.5)
43
(
3.0)
9
(
1.6)
2
(
0.8)
21
(
2.6)
Mother's
employment
status
3
Currently
employed
..........................................
11,002
30
(
0.7)
33
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
28
(
0.7)
18
(
0.8)
22
(
0.9)
4
(
0.4)
26
(
0.8)
35
or
more
hours/
week
....................................
7,018
32
(
0.8)
38
(
0.4)
3
(
0.3)
29
(
0.9)
13
(
0.8)
24
(
1.1)
4
(
0.4)
27
(
1.0)
Less
than
35
hours/
week
...............................
3,983
28
(
1.4)
23
(
0.5)
2
(
0.4)
26
(
1.3)
27
(
1.6)
18
(
1.3)
4
(
0.7)
23
(
1.5)
Looking
for
work
..............................................
1,615
24
(
2.9)
26
(
1.1)
6
(
1.1)
18
(
2.7)
58
(
3.1)
3
(
0.7)
0
(
0.2)
14
(
1.8)
Not
in
labor
force
.............................................
8,150
21
(
0.8)
18
(
0.6)
3
(
0.4)
18
(
0.7)
69
(
1.1)
3
(
0.4)
2
(
0.3)
6
(
0.5)
Mother's
highest
education
3
Less
than
high
school
......................................
3,767
16
(
1.4)
31
(
0.7)
6
(
0.7)
10
(
1.3)
59
(
1.9)
6
(
1.0)
1
(
0.4)
18
(
1.3)
High
school
......................................................
7,182
22
(
0.9)
29
(
0.5)
4
(
0.4)
19
(
0.9)
44
(
1.3)
13
(
0.9)
2
(
0.3)
19
(
1.0)
Some
postsecondary
.......................................
5,106
30
(
1.0)
30
(
0.5)
2
(
0.4)
27
(
0.9)
34
(
1.7)
15
(
1.2)
1
(
0.4)
19
(
1.0)
Bachelor's
or
higher
degree
............................
4,711
36
(
1.4)
29
(
0.5)
1
(
0.2)
36
(
1.4)
29
(
1.4)
17
(
0.9)
7
(
0.9)
11
(
0.9)
Mother
in
household
No
.....................................................................
648
30
(
3.3)
37
(
1.8)
9
(
2.1)
21
(
3.1)
39
(
4.3)
10
(
2.1)
5
(
1.8)
16
(
2.4)
Yes
...................................................................
20,766
26
(
0.6)
30
(
0.3)
3
(
0.2)
23
(
0.6)
41
(
0.9)
13
(
0.6)
3
(
0.3)
17
(
0.5)
Household
structure
4
Two
parents
.....................................................
15,732
26
(
0.6)
27
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
24
(
0.6)
43
(
1.0)
14
(
0.7)
3
(
0.3)
14
(
0.5)
One
parent
.......................................................
5,276
28
(
1.4)
36
(
0.5)
6
(
0.7)
21
(
1.4)
34
(
1.5)
11
(
0.9)
2
(
0.4)
26
(
1.4)
Household
income
$
15,000
or
less
................................................
6,016
22
(
1.2)
31
(
0.5)
7
(
0.6)
15
(
1.2)
50
(
1.7)
8
(
0.9)
1
(
0.3)
20
(
1.2)
$
15,001
to
$
25,000
..........................................
2,991
21
(
1.3)
31
(
1.1)
4
(
0.7)
17
(
1.2)
50
(
1.9)
10
(
1.1)
2
(
0.4)
17
(
1.3)
$
25,001
to
$
35,000
..........................................
3,235
23
(
1.3)
30
(
0.6)
3
(
0.6)
20
(
1.3)
42
(
2.0)
14
(
1.2)
2
(
0.4)
19
(
1.3)
$
35,001
to
$
50,000
..........................................
3,899
26
(
1.2)
28
(
0.8)
1
(
0.4)
24
(
1.3)
39
(
1.5)
16
(
1.4)
3
(
0.7)
16
(
1.0)
More
than
$
50,000
...........................................
5,274
37
(
1.2)
29
(
0.5)
1
(
0.1)
37
(
1.2)
26
(
1.4)
18
(
1.1)
7
(
0.7)
13
(
0.9)
In
poverty
Yes
...................................................................
5,737
21
(
1.3)
30
(
0.5)
7
(
0.6)
14
(
1.2)
52
(
1.9)
7
(
0.9)
1
(
0.3)
19
(
1.3)
No
.....................................................................
15,677
28
(
0.5)
30
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
26
(
0.5)
37
(
0.8)
15
(
0.6)
4
(
0.3)
16
(
0.5)
Household
size
2
or
3
persons
..................................................
6,176
28
(
0.9)
33
(
0.5)
4
(
0.4)
24
(
1.0)
34
(
1.0)
17
(
0.9)
2
(
0.2)
19
(
0.9)
4
persons
.........................................................
8,016
29
(
1.1)
29
(
0.5)
3
(
0.3)
26
(
1.0)
38
(
1.2)
14
(
0.9)
3
(
0.4)
15
(
0.7)
5
persons
.........................................................
4,046
26
(
1.4)
26
(
0.7)
3
(
0.5)
23
(
1.4)
46
(
1.7)
9
(
1.0)
4
(
0.7)
15
(
1.2)
6
or
more
persons
...........................................
3,177
18
(
1.4)
31
(
1.1)
4
(
0.6)
14
(
1.3)
54
(
3.0)
6
(
1.0)
3
(
0.8)
18
(
1.9)
Home
language
3
English
.............................................................
18,813
28
(
0.6)
30
(
0.3)
3
(
0.2)
25
(
0.6)
39
(
1.0)
14
(
0.7)
3
(
0.3)
17
(
0.5)
Non­
English
......................................................
1,954
14
(
1.1)
30
(
1.0)
4
(
0.7)
11
(
1.0)
62
(
2.2)
7
(
1.1)
2
(
0.4)
16
(
1.4)
Mother's
age
at
first
birth
3
Less
than
18
....................................................
2,554
21
(
2.1)
34
(
1.1)
7
(
1.3)
14
(
1.8)
46
(
2.5)
9
(
1.3)
2
(
0.7)
23
(
2.0)
18
or
19
............................................................
3,066
20
(
1.6)
30
(
0.9)
5
(
0.8)
15
(
1.5)
49
(
1.9)
9
(
1.0)
2
(
0.5)
21
(
1.4)
20
or
older
........................................................
15,147
29
(
0.6)
29
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
26
(
0.6)
38
(
1.0)
14
(
0.7)
3
(
0.3)
15
(
0.5)
Urbanicity
Nonmetropolitan
...............................................
5,015
26
(
1.3)
30
(
0.6)
3
(
0.5)
22
(
1.2)
39
(
2.0)
15
(
1.1)
2
(
0.5)
18
(
1.3)
Metropolitan
.....................................................
16,400
27
(
0.6)
30
(
0.3)
3
(
0.2)
23
(
0.5)
41
(
0.8)
12
(
0.5)
3
(
0.3)
17
(
0.6)

 
Not
available.
1
Mean
hours
per
week
in
nonparental
care
among
preschool
children
enrolled
in
nonparental
care
arrangements.
2
Excludes
children
who
have
entered
kindergarten.
3
Excludes
data
for
households
with
no
mother
present
in
household.
4
Excludes
children
living
apart
from
their
parents.

NOTE:
A
child's
``
primary
arrangement''
was
defined
as
the
regular
nonparental
care
arrangement
or
early
childhood
education
program
in
which
the
child
spent
the
most
time
per
week.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey
(
NHES),
Characteristics
of
Children's
Early
Care
and
Education
Programs:
Data
from
the
1995
National
Household
Education
Survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2000.)
61
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
45.
 
Child
care
arrangements
of
preschool
children,
by
age,
race/
ethnicity,
and
household
income:
1991,
1995,
and
1999
Characteristics
Total
Age
Race/
ethnicity
Household
income
3
years
old
4
years
old
5
years
old
White,
non­

Hispanic
Black,
non­

Hispanic
Hispanic
Other
$
10,000
or
less
$
10,001
to
$
20,000
$
20,001
to
$
30,000
$
30,001
to
$
40,000
$
40,001
to
$
50,000
$
50,001
to
$
75,000
More
than
$
75,000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1991
Children
1
In
thousands
..............
8,428
3,749
3,636
1,044
5,867
1,239
1,002
319
1,495
1,437
1,711
1,319
936
974
556
Percent
......................
100.0
44.5
43.1
12.4
69.6
14.7
11.9
3.8
17.7
17.0
20.3
15.7
11.1
11.6
6.6
Percent
in
nonparental
arrangements
2
Relative
care
..............
16.9
16.1
18.1
15.6
14.8
24.1
19.5
19.3
16.8
19.3
18.9
15.9
16.6
15.6
9.6
Nonrelative
care
........
14.8
14.8
14.8
15.0
17.3
7.9
9.7
12.1
6.3
11.8
12.9
15.7
21.4
21.9
25.9
Center
based
programs
3
...............
52.8
42.3
60.4
63.9
54.0
58.2
38.9
53.2
44.9
44.5
44.5
53.2
60.0
68.4
80.4
Percent
with
parental
care
only
....................
31.0
37.8
25.9
24.3
30.6
25.0
40.6
32.6
42.4
35.9
38.5
29.7
23.1
15.2
8.8
1995
Children
1
In
thousands
..............
9,232
4,126
4,065
1,041
6,337
1,396
1,042
457
1,795
1,204
1,484
1,319
1,037
1,381
1,012
Percent
......................
100.0
44.7
44.0
11.3
68.6
15.1
11.3
5.0
19.4
13.0
16.1
14.3
11.2
15.0
11.0
Percent
in
nonparental
arrangements
2
Relative
care
..............
19.4
21.4
18.3
15.1
16.5
28.6
22.8
22.6
18.1
25.2
20.7
20.0
18.1
18.8
13.7
Nonrelative
care
........
16.9
18.5
15.3
17.2
19.4
11.3
12.5
10.5
10.5
15.1
13.5
20.3
19.8
19.1
25.2
Center
based
programs
3
...............
55.1
40.7
64.7
74.5
56.9
59.5
37.4
56.7
48.8
44.6
45.5
46.1
55.5
71.1
82.2
Percent
with
parental
care
only
....................
25.9
32.0
22.2
16.2
25.2
20.3
38.4
24.2
34.4
32.7
34.2
29.7
23.1
11.8
7.8
1999
Children
1
In
thousands
..............
8,525
3,814
3,705
1,006
5,389
1,214
1,376
547
1,064
1,342
1,333
1,098
848
1,397
1,443
Percent
......................
100.0
44.7
43.5
11.8
63.2
14.2
16.1
6.4
12.5
15.7
15.6
12.9
9.9
16.4
16.9
Percent
in
nonparental
arrangements
2
Relative
care
..............
22.8
24.4
22.0
20.2
18.8
33.4
26.5
30.2
27.5
29.4
27.1
22.5
21.3
17.3
15.9
Nonrelative
care
........
16.1
16.2
15.9
16.1
19.4
7.4
12.7
10.4
13.2
13.7
12.5
14.7
13.6
21.0
21.3
Center
based
programs
3
...............
59.7
45.7
69.6
76.5
60.0
73.2
44.2
66.1
55.9
51.1
51.4
55.4
60.2
66.6
74.6
Percent
with
parental
care
only
....................
23.1
30.8
17.7
13.5
23.2
13.7
33.4
16.6
27.5
27.7
29.8
24.8
23.1
17.8
13.1
Standard
errors
for
1999
Percent
......................
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
Percent
in
nonparental
arrangements
2
Relative
care
..............
0.8
1.3
1.2
2.3
1.0
2.5
1.9
3.9
3.1
2.4
2.2
2
2.4
1.6
1.6
Nonrelative
care
........
0.7
1.1
1.1
2.2
1.0
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.5
1.8
1.6
1.8
2.0
1.9
1.9
Center
based
programs
3
...............
1.0
1.5
1.4
2.4
1.3
2.4
2.2
3.7
3.4
2.7
2.4
2.5
2.9
2.2
2.0
Percent
with
parental
care
only
....................
0.8
1.4
1.2
2.0
1.1
1.9
2.1
3.0
3.1
2.4
2.2
2.2
2.4
1.8
1.6
1
Estimates
are
based
only
on
children
3
to
5
years
old
who
have
not
entered
kindergarten
2
Rows
do
not
add
up
to
100.0
because
some
children
participated
in
more
than
one
type
of
nonparental
arrangement.
3
Center
based
programs
include
day
care
centers,
nursery
schools,
prekindergarten,
preschools
and
Head
Start
programs.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey
(
NHES),
1991,
1995,
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
62
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
46.
 
Children
of
prekindergarten
through
second
grade
age,
by
enrollment
status,
maternal
characteristics,
and
household
income:
1991,
1995,
and
1999
Maternal
characteristics
and
household
income
3­
to
5­
year­
olds,
not
enrolled
in
school
1
Enrolled
in
nursery
school
or
prekindergarten
Enrolled
in
kindergarten
Enrolled
in
1st
grade
Enrolled
in
2nd
grade
1991
1995
1999
1991
1995
1999
1991
1995
1999
1991
1995
1999
1991
1995
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Total
children,
in
thousands
.............................
4,853
4,595
4,037
(
58)
3,571
4,655
4,510
(
52)
4,022
4,149
3,948
(
65)
4,001
4,025
4,540
(
154)
3,724
3,777
4,083
(
78)

Percent
distribution
Mother's
highest
education
2
.............
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
Less
than
high
school
...................
18.2
22.1
20.6
(
1.2)
8.2
9.8
10.4
(
0.8)
15.8
16.9
16.1
(
1.3)
15.6
15.9
17.1
(
1.3)
15.5
19.6
18.2
(
1.4)
High
school
diploma
3
....................
42.8
35.3
33.6
(
1.5)
32.2
27.8
26.3
(
1.2)
39.6
33.0
31.1
(
1.5)
38.4
31.2
30.6
(
1.6)
37.7
31.0
29.8
(
1.6)
Some
postsecondary
.....................
22.5
21.3
20.1
(
1.2)
28.7
22.8
19.6
(
1.0)
24.1
21.7
18.5
(
1.3)
24.0
23.6
19.8
(
1.2)
26.1
20.6
18.9
(
1.4)
Associate
degree
...........................
3.6
7.0
7.0
(
0.8)
4.5
8.6
9.6
(
0.7)
4.0
7.0
8.3
(
0.9)
3.5
7.3
7.9
(
0.9)
4.3
7.6
10.3
(
0.9)
Bachelor's
degree
..........................
9.2
9.6
13.3
(
1.0)
16.5
18.9
22.1
(
1.1)
11.4
13.5
15.4
(
1.1)
11.7
13.7
15.8
(
1.1)
10.0
12.9
15.2
(
1.2)
Graduate/
professional
school
........
3.7
4.7
5.5
(
0.6)
9.9
12.1
11.9
(
0.9)
5.0
7.9
10.6
(
1.0)
6.7
8.3
8.8
(
0.8)
6.4
8.3
7.6
(
0.8)

Mother's
employment
status
2
...........
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
Working
35
hours/
week
or
more
...
33.8
33.4
36.1
(
1.5)
34.0
38.4
42.7
(
1.3)
35.3
35.9
43.6
(
1.6)
38.2
38.5
43.4
(
1.6)
38.9
40.5
44.5
(
1.7)
Working
less
than
35
hours/
week
20.6
17.8
21.0
(
1.3)
26.7
23.7
23.3
(
1.1)
21.5
20.8
22.2
(
1.4)
23.9
20.8
23.4
(
1.4)
22.3
21.4
22.1
(
1.5)
Looking
for
work
............................
7.0
6.8
5.9
(
0.7)
5.2
5.9
4.9
(
0.6)
6.5
5.6
5.3
(
0.7)
6.1
5.0
4.4
(
0.7)
6.6
5.4
4.0
(
0.7)
Not
in
labor
force
...........................
38.6
42.0
36.9
(
1.5)
34.1
32.0
29.2
(
1.2)
36.7
37.7
28.9
(
1.5)
31.7
35.6
28.8
(
1.5)
32.1
32.7
29.5
(
1.6)

Household
income
............................
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
$
10,000
or
less
..............................
19.6
22.7
14.5
(
1.3)
15.2
16.2
10.8
(
0.9)
17.9
19.4
13.4
(
1.2)
18.7
17.4
15.6
(
1.4)
18.2
19.5
14.7
(
1.5)
$
10,001
to
$
20,000
.......................
19.3
15.7
19.5
(
1.3)
14.0
10.4
12.6
(
0.9)
16.5
12.6
13.2
(
1.1)
16.9
13.2
13.8
(
1.1)
16.9
11.6
15.3
(
1.2)
$
20,001
to
$
30,000
.......................
23.0
19.1
17.3
(
1.1)
16.6
13.0
14.1
(
0.9)
20.8
15.8
15.3
(
1.1)
20.2
16.6
15.2
(
1.2)
18.9
16.5
16.2
(
1.3)
$
30,001
to
$
40,000
.......................
15.9
16.2
14.6
(
1.0)
15.6
12.3
11.4
(
0.7)
14.8
15.1
14.6
(
1.1)
15.1
14.1
12.8
(
1.0)
15.4
16.1
11.3
(
1.0)
$
40,001
to
$
50,000
.......................
10.4
11.0
9.9
(
0.8)
12.1
11.5
9.9
(
0.7)
11.5
11.7
9.8
(
0.9)
10.8
11.1
10.2
(
0.9)
12.0
11.3
10.4
(
0.9)
$
50,001
to
$
75,000
.......................
8.5
10.5
12.9
(
0.9)
15.7
19.3
19.4
(
1.0)
11.7
14.4
15.9
(
1.1)
11.1
15.6
16.1
(
1.1)
11.8
15.0
15.2
(
1.1)
More
than
$
75,000
........................
3.3
4.7
11.3
(
0.9)
10.9
17.1
21.9
(
1.1)
6.8
11.1
17.8
(
1.2)
7.2
12.1
16.4
(
1.1)
6.9
10.1
16.9
(
1.2)

 
Not
applicable.

1
Includes
a
very
small
number
of
older
children
of
first
and
second
grade
age.

2
Excludes
data
for
households
with
no
mother
present.

3
Includes
equivalency
certificates.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey
(
NHES),
1991,
1995,
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)

Table
47.
 
Participation
of
public
kindergarten
children
in
selected
activities
5
days
a
week,
by
length
and
size
of
class
and
teacher
preparation:
Spring
1993
Activity
Total
Percent
of
kindergarten
classes
participating
in
activity
every
day
Length
of
kindergarten
class
Size
of
kindergarten
class
Teacher
majored
in
early
childhood
education
Full­
day
Half­
day
Less
than
20
20
to
25
More
than
25
Yes
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Listening
to
stories
read
aloud
....................................................
90
91
90
87
92
91
91
89
Running,
climbing,
jumping,
and
other
gross
motor
activities
....
58
72
48
55
57
64
60
56
Free
play
.....................................................................................
66
72
62
64
67
67
67
66
Choosing
from
a
set
of
specific
options
(
like
building
blocks,
objects,
or
books)
....................................................................
69
72
67
69
71
65
72
66
Using
objects
for
math
or
science
..............................................
49
61
41
48
51
48
53
45
Dramatic
play,
arts
and
crafts,
music
(
creative
activities)
..........
64
66
63
62
65
66
68
60
Using
worksheets
for
literacy
skills
.............................................
14
25
13
21
18
17
19
18
Using
worksheets
for
math
or
science
.......................................
18
20
9
17
12
15
16
12
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fast
Response
Survey
System
Public
School
Kindergarten
Teachers'
Views
on
Children's
Readiness
for
School.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1994.)
63
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
48.
 
Children's
mean
reading,
mathematics
and
general
knowledge
performance
in
kindergarten
and
first
grade,
by
child
and
family
characteristics:

Fall
1998,
spring
1999,
fall
1999,
and
spring
2000
Child
and
family
characteristics
General
knowledge
performance
1
Reading
overall
performance
1
Reading,
percent
reading
sight
words
1
Mathematics,
overall
performance
1
Mathematics,
percent
with
addition
and
subtraction
skills
2
Kindergarten
1st
grade
Kindergarten
1st
grade
Kindergarten
1st
grade
Kindergarten
1st
grade
Kindergarten
1st
grade
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
Fall
Spring
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Student
performance
Total
...........................
22.7
27.7
30.9
35.5
22.9
33.0
38.7
55.7
2.7
13.6
25.8
78.3
19.8
28.0
33.0
43.8
4.4
17.5
35.0
74.0
Sex
Male
...........................
23.0
28.1
31.3
35.9
22.5
32.0
37.7
54.5
2.8
11.9
23.3
74.9
20.1
28.2
33.5
44.1
4.4
18.4
35.9
73.8
Female
.......................
22.4
27.4
30.4
35.1
23.4
34.1
39.7
56.9
2.6
15.3
28.3
81.8
19.6
27.7
33.0
43.5
3.0
16.7
33.0
73.6
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
..
24.9
30.0
33.1
37.5
24.2
34.8
40.4
57.9
3.2
15.9
29.3
83.3
21.3
29.7
35.2
45.7
4.9
21.9
40.8
79.7
Black,
non­
Hispanic
...
17.5
22.4
25.9
30.7
20.3
29.7
34.6
50.4
0.8
7.9
16.7
67.1
16.7
23.9
28.8
39.2
0.8
7.2
20.0
58.8
Hispanic
.....................
19.6
25.2
28.0
33.2
20.6
30.6
36.1
52.7
1.7
9.7
20.0
71.5
17.5
25.5
30.9
41.7
1.7
11.7
25.9
67.5
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
19.9
25.0
28.0
32.5
27.0
37.3
43.5
59.3
10.6
28.0
39.0
82.0
21.2
28.8
35.0
43.1
6.9
23.7
40.0
70.0
Parent
education
Less
than
high
school
16.3
21.9
24.9
29.8
17.4
26.7
30.7
46.2
(
3)
2.9
7.7
57.0
14.5
21.7
26.4
37.8
(
3)
3.6
13.7
53.9
High
school
................
19.9
24.6
27.6
32.6
20.1
30.0
34.8
52.0
1.3
7.3
16.0
70.0
17.3
24.8
30.1
40.5
1.2
9.8
23.4
63.3
Some
college
.............
22.4
27.6
30.9
36.0
22.3
32.5
38.2
55.2
1.7
11.2
24.2
80.0
19.3
27.6
32.9
43.7
2.3
14.6
31.7
74.7
Bachelor's
or
higher
..
26.7
31.9
34.9
39.2
27.3
38.1
44.1
61.8
5.4
23.9
39.8
89.0
23.8
32.3
38.0
48.0
8.2
30.4
51.4
84.9
Socioeconomic
status
Lowest
20
percent
.....
16.6
21.6
24.4
29.4
17.5
26.7
30.9
46.1
(
3)
4.0
8.1
55.9
14.7
21.8
26.4
37.2
(
3)
4.4
14.2
51.6
Middle
60
percent
......
22.4
27.6
30.7
36.0
22.5
32.8
38.3
55.6
1.8
11.6
24.3
79.9
19.5
27.7
33.0
43.7
2.5
15.4
32.6
74.3
Highest
20
percent
....
27.8
32.7
35.9
39.9
28.2
39.2
45.2
62.5
6.8
26.5
42.6
89.7
24.6
33.1
38.9
48.6
9.6
32.9
54.4
87.0
Standard
errors
Total
...........................
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.8
1.3
1.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.8
1.1
1.2
Sex
Male
...........................
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.5
1.0
1.6
1.6
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.4
1.0
1.3
1.6
Female
.......................
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
1.0
1.4
1.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.9
1.2
1.2
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
..
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
1.0
1.4
1.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.9
1.3
1.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
...
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.3
1.3
1.8
2.1
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.9
1.2
2.0
Hispanic
.....................
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.0
0.5
1.1
2.4
3.0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.4
1.1
1.7
2.5
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
1.0
0.9
1.1
1.0
1.6
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.9
4.8
5.6
5.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.4
2.6
4.3
5.2
5.5
Parent
education
Less
than
high
school
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.1
0.0
1.0
1.5
3.1
0.4
0.5
0.7
1.0
0.0
0.6
2.3
3.9
High
school
................
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.7
1.2
1.8
2.1
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.3
1.0
1.9
2.3
Some
college
.............
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.8
1.6
1.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.9
1.2
1.3
Bachelor's
or
higher
..
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
1.6
2.0
1.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.4
1.5
1.2
Socioeconomic
status
Lowest
20
percent
.....
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.9
0.3
1.0
1.4
2.3
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.6
1.5
2.4
Middle
60
percent
......
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.8
1.4
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.8
1.1
1.3
Highest
20
percent
....
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.0
2.0
2.3
1.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.3
1
Performance
estimates
are
mean
scale
scores.
Scale
scores
range
as
follows:
General
knowledge,
0
 
51;
Reading,

0
 
92;
and
Mathematics,
0
 
64.

2
Student
was
assumed
to
have
mastered
a
particular
skill
if
at
least
three
of
the
four
items
in
the
subject
cluster
were
answered
correctly.

3
Less
than
.05
percent
NOTE:
Estimates
based
on
children
who
entered
kindergarten
for
the
first
time
in
the
fall
of
1998
and
were
assessed
in
English
for
all
four
rounds
of
data
collection.
Approximately
67
percent
of
Hispanic
children
and
82
percent
of
Asian
children
were
assessed
in
English
in
all
four
rounds
of
data
collection.
First
grade
estimates
include
children
promoted
to
first
grade
on
time
and
also
include
the
scores
of
the
small
percentage
of
children
(
i.
e.,
5
percent)
who
repeated
kindergarten
in
1999
 
2000.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study,
Kindergarten
Class
of
1998
 
99,
First
Grade,
Restricted­
Use
Files.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
64
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
49.
 
Percentage
of
kindergarten
teachers
and
parents
indicating
the
importance
of
various
factors
for
kindergarten
readiness,
by
school
type:
Fall
1998
Teacher
and
parent
perception
of
student
skills
Perception
of
importance
for
public
school
children
Perception
of
importance
for
private
school
children
Not
important
Not
very
important
Somewhat
important
Very
important
Essential
Not
important
Not
very
important
Somewhat
important
Very
important
Essential
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Kindergarten
teachers
1
Can
count
to
20
or
more
...............
12
(
0.7)
38
(
1.3)
36
(
1.2)
11
(
0.7)
2
(
0.3)
10
(
2.0)
37
(
3.1)
34
(
3.0)
12
(
2.0)
6
(
2.3)
Knows
most
of
the
alphabet
..........
9
(
0.7)
30
(
1.2)
43
(
1.2)
14
(
0.9)
4
(
0.5)
6
(
1.4)
26
(
2.8)
41
(
2.7)
19
(
2.6)
8
(
2.3)
Takes
turns
and
shares
.................
(
2)
(
0.1)
1
(
0.2)
25
(
1.1)
58
(
1.4)
16
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
0.3)
1
(
0.4)
25
(
2.5)
58
(
3.2)
16
(
2.4)
Sits
still
and
pays
attention
............
1
(
0.2)
4
(
0.4)
36
(
1.4)
47
(
1.3)
13
(
0.8)
1
(
0.5)
3
(
1.1)
35
(
3.8)
52
(
3.1)
10
(
2.7)
Is
able
to
use
pencils
and
paint
brushes
.......................................
4
(
0.5)
14
(
0.9)
47
(
1.3)
29
(
1.5)
6
(
0.5)
5
(
1.4)
12
(
2.2)
42
(
3.1)
32
(
3.3)
9
(
2.5)

Kindergarten
parents
3
Can
count
to
20
or
more
...............
1
(
0.1)
6
(
0.3)
30
(
0.6)
46
(
0.7)
17
(
0.4)
2
(
0.2)
9
(
0.6)
33
(
1.0)
35
(
1.1)
21
(
1.0)
Knows
most
of
the
alphabet
..........
1
(
0.1)
4
(
0.3)
25
(
0.6)
51
(
0.8)
19
(
0.4)
1
(
0.2)
7
(
0.6)
29
(
1.1)
41
(
1.0)
22
(
1.0)
Takes
turns
and
shares
.................
(
2)
(
0.0)
(
2)
(
0.0)
5
(
0.2)
63
(
0.6)
32
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
0.0)
(
2)
(
0.1)
7
(
0.5)
55
(
1.0)
38
(
0.9)
Sits
still
and
pays
attention
............
(
2)
(
0.0)
1
(
0.1)
14
(
0.5)
60
(
0.6)
25
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
0.1)
2
(
0.3)
22
(
1.1)
51
(
0.9)
25
(
0.8)
Is
able
to
use
pencils
and
paint
brushes
.......................................
(
2)
(
0.1)
2
(
0.2)
23
(
0.5)
53
(
0.7)
21
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
0.1)
3
(
0.4)
27
(
1.0)
43
(
1.1)
26
(
0.9)

1
Estimates
pertaining
to
teachers
are
based
on
the
responses
of
a
nationally
representative
sample
of
kindergarten
teachers.

2
Less
than
.5
percent.

3
Estimates
pertaining
to
parents
are
based
on
the
responses
of
a
nationally
representative
sample
of
kindergarten
children's
parents.
NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study,
Kindergarten
Class
of
1998
 
99,
Public­
Use
Base­
Year
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)

Table
50.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
kindergarten
teachers'
time
spent
on
certain
instructional
approaches,
by
program
and
school
type:
Fall
1998
Length
of
school
day
and
instructional
approach
Public
school
kindergarten
teachers
1
Private
school
kindergarten
teachers
1
No
time
Half
hour
or
less
About
one
hour
About
two
hours
Three
hours
or
more
No
time
Half
hour
or
less
About
one
hour
About
two
hours
Three
hours
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Full­
day
programs
Teacher­
directed:
Whole
class
activities
....
(
2)
(
0.1)
4
(
0.7)
28
(
1.8)
43
(
1.4)
25
(
1.6)
(
2)
(
2)
15
(
3.9)
23
(
3.8)
25
(
3.3)
37
(
4.0)
Small
group
activities
....
1
(
0.2)
18
(
1.4)
46
(
2.5)
28
(
2.3)
8
(
1.2)
6
(
2.9)
33
(
4.1)
42
(
3.8)
16
(
2.9)
3
(
1.2)
Individual
activities
........
2
(
0.5)
53
(
1.7)
35
(
1.3)
9
(
1.0)
1
(
0.4)
5
(
1.4)
55
(
3.9)
29
(
3.2)
6
(
1.8)
6
(
1.5)
Child
selected
activities
....
2
(
0.3)
31
(
1.8)
52
(
2.0)
13
(
1.0)
2
(
0.5)
3
(
1.6)
35
(
3.6)
45
(
4.2)
11
(
2.5)
6
(
2.0)

Part­
day
programs
Teacher­
directed:
Whole
class
activities
....
(
2)
(
0.3)
15
(
1.3)
52
(
1.9)
27
(
2.0)
5
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
27
(
6.8)
40
(
6.9)
30
(
5.2)
3
(
2.1)
Small
group
activities
....
2
(
0.5)
36
(
2.5)
46
(
2.3)
15
(
1.6)
1
(
0.4)
3
(
2.2)
62
(
5.7)
26
(
5.5)
7
(
2.4)
1
(
1.2)
Individual
activities
........
9
(
1.2)
73
(
2.0)
15
(
1.6)
2
(
0.5)
1
(
0.3)
9
(
3.9)
72
(
6.6)
13
(
4.1)
5
(
2.7)
2
(
1.6)
Child
selected
activities
....
3
(
0.6)
63
(
1.9)
29
(
1.7)
4
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
0.2)
3
(
2.0)
41
(
5.6)
41
(
4.9)
12
(
5.8)
3
(
1.8)

1
Estimates
are
based
on
the
responses
of
a
nationally
representative
sample
of
kindergarten
teachers.
2
Less
than
.5
percent.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study,
Kindergarten
Class
of
1998
 
99,
Public­
Use
Base­
Year
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
65
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
51.
 
Public
school
pupils
transported
at
public
expense
and
current
expenditures
for
transportation:
1929
 
30
to
1998
 
99
School
year
Average
daily
attendance,
all
students
Pupils
transported
at
public
expense
Expenditures
for
transportation
(
in
current
dollars)
Expenditures
for
transportation
(
in
constant
1998
 
99
dollars)

Number
Percent
of
total
Total
1
(
in
thousands)
Average
per
pupil
transported
Total
1
(
in
thousands)
Average
per
pupil
transported
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1929
 
30
...........
21,265,000
1,902,826
8.9
$
54,823
$
29
$
527,002
$
277
1931
 
32
...........
22,245,000
2,419,173
10.9
58,078
24
662,847
274
1933
 
34
...........
22,458,000
2,794,724
12.4
53,908
19
669,848
240
1935
 
36
...........
22,299,000
3,250,658
14.6
62,653
19
750,186
231
1937
 
38
...........
22,298,000
3,769,242
16.9
75,637
20
868,793
230
1939
 
40
...........
22,042,000
4,144,161
18.8
83,283
20
980,576
237
1941
 
42
...........
21,031,000
4,503,081
21.4
92,922
21
980,604
218
1943
 
44
...........
19,603,000
4,512,412
23.0
107,754
24
1,017,507
225
1945
 
46
...........
19,849,000
5,056,966
25.5
129,756
26
1,170,393
231
1947
 
48
...........
20,910,000
5,854,041
28.0
176,265
30
1,244,764
213
1949
 
50
...........
22,284,000
6,947,384
31.2
214,504
31
1,490,306
215
1951
 
52
...........
23,257,000
7,697,130
33.1
268,827
35
1,682,964
219
1953
 
54
...........
25,643,871
8,411,719
32.8
307,437
37
1,881,091
224
1955
 
56
...........
27,740,149
9,695,819
35.0
353,972
37
2,166,546
223
1957
 
58
...........
29,722,275
10,861,689
36.5
416,491
38
2,399,687
221
1959
 
60
...........
32,477,440
12,225,142
37.6
486,338
40
2,723,446
223
1961
 
62
...........
34,682,340
13,222,667
38.1
576,361
44
3,155,087
239
1963
 
64
...........
37,405,058
14,475,778
38.7
673,845
47
3,594,962
248
1965
 
66
...........
39,154,497
15,536,567
39.7
787,358
51
4,060,219
261
1967
 
68
...........
40,827,965
17,130,873
42.0
981,006
57
4,746,433
277
1969
 
70
...........
41,934,376
18,198,577
43.4
1,218,557
67
5,307,844
292
1971
 
72
...........
42,254,272
19,474,355
46.1
1,507,830
77
6,029,195
310
1973
 
74
...........
41,438,054
21,347,039
51.5
1,858,141
87
6,557,474
307
1975
 
76
...........
41,269,720
21,772,483
52.8
2,377,313
109
7,053,407
324
1977
 
78
...........
40,079,590
2
21,800,000
54.4
2,731,041
2
125
7,174,667
2
329
1979
 
80
...........
38,288,911
21,713,515
56.7
3,833,145
177
8,124,294
374
1980
 
81
...........
37,703,744
2
22,272,000
59.1
2
4,408,000
2
198
2
8,373,000
2
376
1981
 
82
...........
37,094,652
2
22,246,000
60.0
2
4,793,000
2
215
2
8,380,000
2
377
1982
 
83
...........
36,635,868
2
22,199,000
60.6
2
5,000,000
2
225
2
8,382,000
2
378
1983
 
84
...........
36,362,978
2
22,031,000
60.6
2
5,284,000
2
240
2
8,542,000
2
388
1984
 
85
...........
36,404,261
2
22,320,000
61.3
2
5,722,000
2
256
2
8,902,000
2
399
1985
 
86
...........
36,523,103
2
22,041,000
60.3
2
6,123,000
2
278
2
9,259,000
2
420
1986
 
87
...........
36,863,867
2
22,397,000
60.8
2
6,551,000
2
292
2
9,691,000
2
433
1987
 
88
...........
37,050,707
2
22,158,000
59.8
2
6,888,000
2
311
2
9,784,000
2
442
1988
 
89
...........
37,268,072
2
22,635,000
60.7
2
7,550,000
2
334
2
10,251,000
2
453
1989
 
90
...........
37,799,296
2
22,459,000
59.4
8,030,990
2
358
10,407,050
2
463
1990
 
91
...........
38,426,543
2
22,000,000
57.3
8,678,954
2
394
10,663,713
2
485
1991
 
92
...........
38,960,783
2
23,165,000
59.5
8,769,754
2
379
10,440,733
2
451
1992
 
93
...........
39,570,462
2
23,439,000
59.2
9,252,300
2
395
10,681,579
2
456
1993
 
94
...........
40,146,393
2
23,858,000
59.4
9,627,155
2
404
10,833,702
2
454
1994
 
95
...........
40,720,763
2
23,693,000
58.2
9,889,034
2
417
10,818,317
2
457
1995
 
96
...........
41,501,596
2
24,155,000
58.2
10,396,426
2
430
11,072,160
2
458
1996
 
97
...........
42,262,004
2
24,090,000
57.0
10,989,809
2
456
11,379,447
2
472
1997
 
98
...........
42,765,774
2
24,342,000
56.9
11,465,658
2
471
11,664,146
2
479
1998
 
99
...........
43,187,202
2
24,857,000
57.6
11,982,509
2
482
11,982,509
2
482
1
Excludes
capital
outlay
for
years
through
1979
 
80,
and
1989
 
90
to
the
latest
year.
From
1980
 
81
to
1988
 
89
total
transportation
figures
include
capital
outlay.
2
Estimate
based
on
data
appearing
in
January
issues
of
School
Bus
Fleet.

NOTE:
Constant
dollars
are
adjusted
for
inflation
using
the
Consumer
Price
Index
computed
on
a
school
year
basis.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
data;
and
Bobit
Publishing
Co.,
School
Bus
Fleet,
January
issues.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
66
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PROGRAMS
FOR
THE
DISABLED
Table
52.
 
Children
0
to
21
years
old
served
in
federally
supported
programs
for
the
disabled,
by
type
of
disability:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Type
of
disability
1976
 
77
1980
 
81
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
served,
1
in
thousands
All
disabilities
....................................
3,694
4,144
4,439
4,529
4,631
4,761
4,941
5,111
5,309
5,378
5,573
5,729
5,903
6,054
6,195
Specific
learning
disabilities
....................
796
1,462
1,928
1,984
2,047
2,129
2,232
2,351
2,408
2,489
2,579
2,649
2,725
2,789
2,834
Speech
or
language
impairments
...........
1,302
1,168
950
964
971
985
996
994
1,014
1,015
1,022
1,043
1,056
1,068
1,080
Mental
retardation
...................................
961
830
580
560
547
535
537
518
536
555
570
579
589
597
600
Serious
emotional
disturbance
................
283
347
371
372
380
390
399
400
414
427
438
445
453
462
469
Hearing
impairments
...............................
88
79
56
56
57
58
60
60
64
64
67
68
69
70
71
Orthopedic
impairments
..........................
87
58
46
47
48
49
51
52
56
60
63
66
67
69
71
Other
health
impairments
........................
141
98
45
50
52
55
58
65
82
106
133
160
190
221
253
Visual
impairments
..................................
38
31
22
22
22
23
24
23
24
24
25
25
25
26
26
Multiple
disabilities
..................................
 
68
77
83
86
96
97
102
108
88
93
98
106
106
111
Deaf­
blindness
........................................
 
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Autism
and
traumatic
brain
injury
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
5
19
24
29
39
44
54
67
79
Developmental
delay
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4
12
19
Preschool
disabled
2
................................
196
231
332
357
381
390
416
450
487
519
544
552
564
568
581
Infants
and
toddlers
................................
 
 
30
34
37
51
66
75
92
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage
distribution
of
children
served
All
disabilities
....................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Specific
learning
disabilities
....................
21.5
35.3
43.4
43.8
44.2
44.7
45.2
46.0
45.4
46.3
46.3
46.2
46.2
46.1
45.7
Speech
or
language
impairments
...........
35.2
28.2
21.4
21.3
21.0
20.7
20.2
19.5
19.1
18.9
18.3
18.2
17.9
17.6
17.4
Mental
retardation
...................................
26.0
20.0
13.1
12.4
11.8
11.2
10.9
10.1
10.1
10.3
10.2
10.1
10.0
9.9
9.7
Serious
emotional
disturbance
................
7.7
8.4
8.4
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.1
7.8
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.6
Hearing
impairments
...............................
2.4
1.9
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
Orthopedic
impairments
..........................
2.4
1.4
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
Other
health
impairments
........................
3.8
2.4
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.5
2.0
2.4
2.8
3.2
3.7
4.1
Visual
impairments
..................................
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Multiple
disabilities
..................................
 
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
Deaf­
blindness
........................................
 
0.1
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Autism
and
traumatic
brain
injury
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.3
Developmental
delay
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.1
0.2
0.3
Preschool
disabled
2
................................
5.3
5.6
7.5
7.9
8.2
8.2
8.4
8.8
9.2
9.7
9.8
9.6
9.6
9.4
9.4
Infants
and
toddlers
................................
 
 
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number
served
as
a
percent
of
total
enrollment
4
All
disabilities
....................................
8.32
10.14
11.02
11.18
11.32
11.43
11.59
11.76
12.00
12.19
12.43
12.56
12.80
13.01
13.22
Specific
learning
disabilities
....................
1.80
3.58
4.82
4.94
5.05
5.17
5.31
5.49
5.54
5.64
5.75
5.81
5.91
5.99
6.05
Speech
or
language
impairments
...........
2.94
2.86
2.37
2.40
2.40
2.39
2.37
2.32
2.33
2.30
2.28
2.29
2.29
2.29
2.30
Mental
retardation
...................................
2.17
2.03
1.45
1.39
1.35
1.30
1.28
1.21
1.23
1.26
1.27
1.27
1.28
1.28
1.28
Serious
emotional
disturbance
................
0.64
0.85
0.93
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.95
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.99
1.00
Hearing
impairments
...............................
0.20
0.19
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
Orthopedic
impairments
..........................
0.20
0.14
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
Other
health
impairments
........................
0.32
0.24
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.30
0.35
0.41
0.47
0.54
Visual
impairments
..................................
0.09
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
Multiple
disabilities
..................................
 
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.23
0.23
0.24
Deaf­
blindness
........................................
 
0.01
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
Autism
and
traumatic
brain
injury
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.17
Developmental
delay
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.01
0.03
0.04
Preschool
disabled
2
................................
0.44
0.57
0.83
0.89
0.94
0.95
0.99
1.05
1.12
1.18
1.21
1.21
1.22
1.22
1.24
Infants
and
toddlers
................................
 
 
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.16
0.18
0.21
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
students
served
under
Chapter
I
and
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
(
IDEA),
formerly
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act.
Prior
to
October
1994,
children
and
youth
with
disabilities
were
served
under
the
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act,
Part
B,
and
Chapter
1
of
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act.
In
October
1994,
Congress
passed
the
Improving
America's
Schools
Act
in
which
funding
for
children
and
youth
with
disabilities
was
consolidated
under
IDEA,
Part
B.
Data
reported
in
this
table
for
years
prior
to
1993
 
94
include
children
ages
0
 
21
served
under
Chapter
1.
Data
reported
in
this
table
for
years
after
1993
 
94
reflect
children
ages
3
 
21
served
under
IDEA,
Part
B.
2
Includes
preschool
children
3
 
5
years
served
under
Chapter
I
and
IDEA,
Part
B.
Prior
to
1987
 
88,
these
students
were
included
in
the
counts
by
disability
condition.
Beginning
in
1987
 
88,
states
were
no
longer
required
to
report
preschool
children
(
0
 
5
years)
by
disability
condition.
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.
4
Based
on
the
enrollment
in
public
schools,
kindergarten
through
12th
grade,
including
a
relatively
small
number
of
prekindergarten
students.
5
Less
than
.005
percent.

NOTE:
Counts
are
based
on
reports
from
the
50
states
and
District
of
Columbia
only
(
i.
e.,
figures
from
outlying
areas
are
not
included).
Increases
since
1987
 
88
are
due
in
part
to
new
legislation
enacted
fall
1986,
which
mandates
public
school
special
education
services
for
all
disabled
children
ages
3
through
5.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services,
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act,
various
years,
and
unpublished
tabulations;
and
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
67
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PROGRAMS
FOR
THE
DISABLED
Table
53.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
disabled
persons
6
to
21
years
old
receiving
education
services
for
the
disabled,
by
age
group
and
educational
environment:
United
States
and
outlying
areas:
1998
 
99
Type
of
disability
All
environments
Regular
class
1
Resource
room
2
Separate
class
3
Public
separate
school
facility
Private
separate
school
facility
Public
residential
facility
Private
residential
facility
Homebound/
hospital
placement
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
persons,
6
to
21
years
old
....................................
100.0
 
47.7
28.6
20.2
1.9
1.1
0.4
0.3
Mental
retardation
....................
100.0
13.8
29.2
51.1
4.1
0.9
0.3
0.2
0.4
Speech
or
language
impairments
....................................
100.0
88.5
6.6
4.5
0.2
0.1
 
 
0.1
Visual
impairments
..................
100.0
49.6
19.4
16.5
4.7
2.1
6.0
1.1
0.6
Emotional
disturbance
.............
100.0
25.5
23.0
33.2
7.5
5.8
1.7
1.9
1.4
Orthopedic
impairments
...........
100.0
45.6
20.5
27.3
3.7
0.9
0.1
0.1
1.9
Other
health
impairments
........
100.0
44.3
33.2
17.2
0.9
0.7
0.1
0.2
3.4
Specific
learning
disabilities
.....
100.0
45.1
38.4
15.5
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
Deaf­
blindness
.........................
100.0
14.1
9.4
34.8
18.9
3.7
14.4
2.9
1.7
Multiple
disabilities
...................
100.0
10.5
16.6
44.8
16.2
6.7
1.2
1.6
2.3
Hearing
impairments
................
100.0
39.6
18.7
25.3
4.5
2.6
8.2
0.8
0.2
Autism
......................................
100.0
20.3
13.1
51.1
7.8
5.7
0.2
1.2
0.4
Traumatic
brain
injury
..............
100.0
31.2
26.3
29.8
2.6
6.4
0.2
1.1
2.3
Developmental
delay
...............
100.0
41.2
28.8
28.3
1.0
0.2
0.1
 
0.4
 
Not
available.

1
Regular
class
is
outside
regular
class
less
than
21
percent
of
the
school
day.

2
Resource
room
is
outside
regular
class
more
than
21
percent
of
the
school
day
and
less
than
60
percent
of
the
school
day.

3
Separate
class
is
outside
the
regular
class
more
than
60
percent
of
the
school
day.
NOTE:
Data
for
3­
to
5­
year­
old
children
are
not
collected
by
disability
condition
beginning
in
1998
 
99.
Disability
data
are
only
reported
for
6­
to
21­
year­
old
students.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services,
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
54.
 
State
legislation
on
gifted
and
talented
programs
and
number
and
percent
of
students
receiving
services
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1993
 
94
and
1995
 
96
State
State­
mandated
gifted
and
talented
programs,
1995
 
96
1
Discretionary
state­
supported
gifted
and
talented
1995
 
96
2
Gifted
and
talented
students
receiving
services,
1993
 
94
Gifted
and
talented
students
as
a
percent
of
enrollment
1993
 
94
State
State­
mandated
gifted
and
talented
programs,
1995
 
96
1
Discretionary
state­
supported
gifted
and
talented
1995
 
96
2
Gifted
and
talented
students
receiving
services,
1993
 
94
Gifted
and
talented
students
as
a
percent
of
enrollment
1993
 
94
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Alabama
...................
X
16,522
2.4
Montana
...............
X
 
 
Alaska
.......................
X
4,696
4.0
Nebraska
..............
X
18,600
10.0
Arizona
.....................
X
39,200
 
Nevada
.................
X
8,343
2.0
Arkansas
..................
X
34,710
8.0
New
Hampshire
...
X
 
 
California
..................
X
290,000
5.0
New
Jersey
..........
 
 
 
 
Colorado
...................
X
 
 
New
Mexico
.........
X
 
 
Connecticut
..............
X
16,871
3
3.5
New
York
.............
X
135,000
6.0
Delaware
..................
X
 
5.0
North
Carolina
......
X
88,450
8.0
District
of
Columbia
..
 
 
 
9.0
North
Dakota
........
X
1,107
1.0
Florida
......................
X
74,572
3.5
Ohio
......................
X
244,670
13.0
Georgia
.....................
 
 
 
5.0
Oklahoma
.............
X
61,082
10.0
Hawaii
.......................
X
18,000
11.0
Oregon
.................
X
 
8.5
Idaho
........................
X
 
1.3
Pennsylvania
........
X
79,756
4.6
Illinois
.......................
X
4
166,234
5.0
Rhode
Island
........
X
 
3.5
 
5.0
Indiana
......................
X
85,192
8.9
South
Carolina
.....
X
52,000
10.0
Iowa
..........................
X
 
4.0
South
Dakota
.......
X
6,515
4.4
Kansas
.....................
X
 
3.1
Tennessee
...........
X
18,626
2.0
Kentucky
...................
X
52,600
5.0
Texas
...................
X
248,769
7.0
Louisiana
..................
X
24,000
3.2
Utah
......................
X
 
 
Maine
........................
X
10,100
5.0
Vermont
................
 
 
 
 
Maryland
...................
X
90,222
12.0
Virginia
.................
X
121,598
9.2
Massachusetts
.........
X
 
 
Washington
..........
X
38,781
1.5
Michigan
...................
X
225,154
14.0
West
Virginia
........
X
 
3.5
Minnesota
.................
X
55,467
7.2
Wisconsin
.............
X
 
15.0
Mississippi
................
X
21,678
4.3
Wyoming
..............
X
 
3.0
Missouri
....................
X
24,877
5.0
Guam
...................
X
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Mandate
requiring
identification
of
and/
or
services
for
gifted/
talented
students.
2
No
mandate
requiring
identification
of
or
services
for
gifted/
talented
students.
3Grades
2
through
6
only.
4
Data
for
1991
 
92.
SOURCE:
Council
of
State
Directors
of
Programs
for
the
Gifted,
The
1994
and
1996
State
of
the
States
Gifted
and
Talented
Education
Reports.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
1997.)
68
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PROGRAMS
FOR
THE
DISABLED
Table
55.
 
Number
of
children
served
under
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
and
Chapter
1
of
the
Education
Consolidation
and
Improvement
Act,
State
Operated
Programs,
by
age
group
and
state:
1990
 
91,
1997
 
98
to
1999
 
2000
State
Birth
to
age
21
Percent
of
population
who
are
disabled,
1999
 
2000
Percent
change,
birth
to
21,
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
Ages
0
to
5
1990
 
91
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1990
 
91
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
.............
4,760,999
5,902,980
6,054,355
6,195,113
13.2
30.1
440,661
564,270
567,636
581,164
Alabama
..........................
94,945
99,220
99,813
99,763
13.5
5.1
7,498
8,195
7,499
7,335
Alaska
.............................
14,745
17,844
17,712
17,495
13.0
18.7
1,813
1,839
1,754
1,633
Arizona
............................
57,235
83,811
88,598
93,336
10.9
63.1
4,936
8,571
8,876
9,076
Arkansas
.........................
47,835
57,205
59,110
60,864
13.5
27.2
5,274
8,368
8,677
9,031
California
.........................
469,282
604,820
623,651
640,815
10.6
36.6
40,489
57,511
56,837
58,491
Colorado
.........................
57,102
73,033
75,037
76,948
10.9
34.8
4,894
7,491
7,809
8,067
Connecticut
.....................
64,562
76,989
76,740
74,722
13.5
15.7
6,142
7,459
7,443
7,275
Delaware
.........................
14,294
16,032
16,233
16,287
14.4
13.9
1,579
1,619
1,664
1,641
District
of
Columbia
........
6,290
7,676
8,162
9,348
12.1
48.6
411
384
409
560
Florida
.............................
236,013
334,896
345,171
356,198
15.0
50.9
16,387
27,747
28,233
29,363
Georgia
...........................
101,997
147,678
155,754
164,374
11.6
61.2
7,333
14,331
15,134
15,922
Hawaii
.............................
13,169
18,490
20,551
22,964
12.4
74.4
1,273
1,560
1,646
1,860
Idaho
...............................
22,017
26,212
27,553
29,112
11.9
32.2
3,129
3,398
3,466
3,626
Illinois
..............................
239,185
272,791
281,137
291,221
14.4
21.8
26,122
26,465
27,220
28,193
Indiana
............................
114,643
142,818
146,559
151,599
15.3
32.2
8,937
13,234
13,778
14,499
Iowa
................................
60,695
69,727
70,958
71,970
14.5
18.6
6,329
5,907
5,577
5,599
Kansas
............................
45,212
56,656
58,425
60,036
12.7
32.8
4,308
6,629
6,933
7,334
Kentucky
.........................
79,421
85,972
87,973
91,537
14.1
15.3
11,008
14,999
15,161
15,913
Louisiana
.........................
73,663
94,244
95,245
96,632
12.8
31.2
7,541
9,554
9,495
9,671
Maine
..............................
27,987
33,762
34,294
35,139
16.8
25.6
2,895
3,676
3,690
3,954
Maryland
.........................
91,263
109,084
111,688
111,711
13.2
22.4
10,409
9,646
9,714
9,750
Massachusetts
................
154,616
163,480
168,964
165,013
17.0
6.7
17,014
15,116
15,382
14,568
Michigan
..........................
166,927
200,185
208,403
213,404
12.4
27.8
14,963
18,855
18,983
19,119
Minnesota
.......................
80,896
103,977
106,165
107,942
12.6
33.4
10,529
11,107
11,327
11,370
Mississippi
.......................
60,934
63,579
61,719
62,359
12.5
2.3
5,704
5,999
6,035
6,812
Missouri
...........................
101,955
129,075
131,565
134,950
14.8
32.4
4,889
9,530
9,698
10,683
Montana
..........................
17,138
18,735
18,797
19,039
12.1
11.1
1,934
1,719
1,688
1,614
Nebraska
.........................
32,761
41,308
43,400
42,577
14.8
30.0
2,961
3,617
3,656
3,707
Nevada
............................
18,440
31,759
33,319
35,703
11.0
93.6
1,742
3,345
3,531
3,664
New
Hampshire
..............
19,658
26,927
27,502
28,597
13.8
45.5
2,077
2,251
2,190
2,193
New
Jersey
.....................
181,319
206,087
210,114
214,330
16.6
18.2
17,190
16,874
15,998
16,058
New
Mexico
....................
36,037
50,292
52,113
52,346
16.1
45.3
2,247
4,943
5,133
5,115
New
York
........................
307,458
422,630
432,320
434,347
15.0
41.3
26,353
49,628
50,677
50,140
North
Carolina
.................
123,126
159,605
165,333
173,067
13.6
40.6
10,700
16,977
16,880
17,361
North
Dakota
...................
12,504
12,902
13,181
13,612
12.1
8.9
1,374
1,164
1,197
1,283
Ohio
................................
205,440
227,620
230,155
236,200
12.9
15.0
12,487
18,666
18,572
19,341
Oklahoma
........................
65,653
77,380
80,289
83,149
13.3
26.6
5,359
5,645
5,805
6,077
Oregon
............................
55,149
67,311
69,885
73,531
13.5
33.3
3,581
5,965
6,128
6,387
Pennsylvania
...................
219,428
224,598
227,771
231,175
12.7
5.4
23,156
21,156
19,920
19,976
Rhode
Island
...................
21,076
27,530
27,911
29,895
19.1
41.8
2,112
2,559
2,510
2,651
South
Carolina
................
77,765
95,154
99,033
103,153
15.5
32.6
8,346
10,931
10,937
11,352
South
Dakota
..................
14,987
15,413
15,702
16,246
12.4
8.4
2,366
2,168
2,164
2,267
Tennessee
......................
104,898
129,315
128,273
126,732
13.8
20.8
7,536
10,238
10,291
10,690
Texas
..............................
350,636
477,587
486,749
493,850
12.4
40.8
30,955
34,399
34,846
36,079
Utah
................................
47,747
54,653
55,164
55,389
11.5
16.0
4,565
5,327
5,710
5,914
Vermont
..........................
12,263
12,241
12,709
14,073
13.5
14.8
1,200
1,241
1,226
1,391
Virginia
............................
113,971
148,720
153,716
161,298
14.2
41.5
11,791
13,818
13,713
13,926
Washington
.....................
85,395
110,536
114,144
116,235
11.6
36.1
11,409
12,001
11,799
11,623
West
Virginia
...................
43,135
48,656
49,934
50,314
17.2
16.6
3,630
5,174
5,301
5,409
Wisconsin
........................
86,930
113,688
116,328
121,209
13.8
39.4
12,213
13,705
13,708
13,934
Wyoming
.........................
11,202
13,077
13,333
13,307
14.4
18.8
1,571
1,569
1,616
1,667
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
6,997
8,624
 
12,913
26.3
84.6
1,092
276
 
386
Outlying
areas
............
39,445
55,696
59,174
63,981
9.2
62.2
3,937
5,769
6,009
6,750
American
Samoa
............
363
473
584
703
4.5
93.7
48
79
58
55
Guam
..............................
1,750
1,975
2,075
2,230
6.8
27.4
198
167
156
195
Northern
Marianas
..........
411
382
474
568
5.9
38.2
211
52
51
48
Palau
...............................
459
99
112
123
 
73.2
45
3
5
11
Puerto
Rico
.....................
35,129
50,721
54,158
58,740
9.6
67.2
3,345
5,255
5,559
6,274
Virgin
Islands
..................
1,333
2,046
1,771
1,617
7.7
21.3
90
213
180
167
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Percent
of
students
that
are
disabled
are
based
on
the
enrollment
in
public
schools,
prekindergarten
through
12th
grade.
Prior
to
1994,
children
and
youth
with
disabilities
were
served
under
the
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
(
IDEA),
Part
B,
and
Chapter
1
of
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act.
In
October
1994,
Congress
passed
the
Improving
America's
Schools
Act
in
which
funding
for
children
and
youth
with
disabilities
was
consolidated
under
IDEA,
Part
B.
Data
reported
in
this
table
for
years
prior
to
1994
include
children
served
under
Chapter
1.
Some
data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services,
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act,
various
years,
and
unpublished
tabulations.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
69
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
56.
 
Enrollment
in
grades
9
to
12
in
public
and
private
schools
compared
with
population
14
to
17
years
of
age:
1889
 
90
to
fall
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Year
Enrollment,
grades
9
to
12
1
Population
14
to
17
years
of
age
3
Enrollment
as
a
percent
of
population
14
to
17
years
of
age
4
All
schools
Public
schools
Private
schools
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1889
 
90
.......................................................
298
203
95
5,355
5.6
1899
 
1900
...................................................
630
519
111
6,152
10.2
1909
 
10
.......................................................
1,032
915
117
7,220
14.3
1919
 
20
.......................................................
2,414
2,200
214
7,736
31.2
1929
 
30
.......................................................
4,741
4,399
5
341
9,341
50.7
1939
 
40
.......................................................
7,059
6,601
6
458
9,720
72.6
1949
 
50
.......................................................
6,397
5,725
672
8,405
76.1
1951
 
52
.......................................................
6,538
5,882
656
8,516
76.8
1953
 
54
.......................................................
7,038
6,290
747
8,861
79.4
1955
 
56
.......................................................
7,696
6,873
823
9,207
83.6
1957
 
58
.......................................................
8,790
7,860
931
10,139
86.7
Fall
1959
......................................................
9,306
8,271
1,035
11,155
83.4
Fall
1961
......................................................
10,489
9,369
1,120
12,046
87.1
Fall
1963
......................................................
12,170
10,883
1,287
13,492
90.2
Fall
1965
......................................................
13,010
11,610
1,400
14,146
92.0
Fall
1966
......................................................
13,294
11,894
1,400
14,398
92.3
Fall
1967
......................................................
13,650
12,250
1,400
14,727
92.7
Fall
1968
......................................................
14,118
12,718
1,400
15,170
93.1
Fall
1969
......................................................
14,337
13,037
7
1,300
15,549
92.2
Fall
1970
......................................................
14,647
13,336
1,311
15,921
92.0
Fall
1971
......................................................
15,053
13,753
7
1,300
16,326
92.2
Fall
1972
......................................................
15,148
13,848
7
1,300
16,637
91.0
Fall
1973
......................................................
15,344
14,044
7
1,300
16,864
91.0
Fall
1974
......................................................
15,403
14,103
7
1,300
17,033
90.4
Fall
1975
......................................................
15,604
14,304
7
1,300
17,125
91.1
Fall
1976
......................................................
15,656
14,314
1,342
17,117
91.5
Fall
1977
......................................................
15,546
14,203
1,343
17,042
91.2
Fall
1978
......................................................
15,441
14,088
1,353
16,944
91.1
Fall
1979
......................................................
14,916
13,616
7
1,300
16,610
89.8
Fall
1980
......................................................
14,570
13,231
1,339
16,143
90.3
Fall
1981
......................................................
14,164
12,764
7
1,400
15,609
90.7
Fall
1982
......................................................
13,805
12,405
7
1,400
15,057
91.7
Fall
1983
......................................................
13,671
12,271
1,400
14,740
92.7
Fall
1984
......................................................
13,704
12,304
7
1,400
14,725
93.1
Fall
1985
......................................................
13,750
12,388
1,362
14,888
92.4
Fall
1986
......................................................
13,669
12,333
7
1,336
14,824
92.2
Fall
1987
......................................................
13,323
12,076
1,247
14,502
91.9
Fall
1988
......................................................
12,893
11,687
7
1,206
14,023
91.9
Fall
1989
......................................................
12,553
11,390
7
1,163
13,536
92.7
Fall
1990
......................................................
12,488
11,338
1,150
13,322
93.7
Fall
1991
......................................................
12,703
11,541
7
1,162
13,452
94.4
Fall
1992
......................................................
12,882
11,735
7
1,147
13,703
94.0
Fall
1993
......................................................
13,093
11,961
7
1,132
13,953
93.8
Fall
1994
......................................................
13,376
12,213
7
1,163
14,492
92.3
Fall
1995
......................................................
13,697
12,500
1,197
14,828
92.4
Fall
1996
......................................................
14,060
12,847
7
1,213
15,213
92.4
Fall
1997
......................................................
14,272
13,054
1,218
15,499
92.1
Fall
1998
......................................................
14,428
13,193
7
1,235
15,518
93.0
Fall
1999
......................................................
14,623
13,369
1,254
15,654
93.4
Fall
2000
7
....................................................
14,803
13,537
1,266
15,725
94.1
1
Includes
a
relatively
small
number
of
secondary
ungraded
and
postgraduate
students
2
Data
for
most
years
are
partly
estimated.
3
Data
for
1890
through
1950
are
from
the
decennial
censuses
of
population.
The
other
figures
are
Bureau
of
the
Census
estimates
as
of
July
1
preceding
the
opening
of
the
school
year.
4
Gross
enrollment
ratio
based
on
school
enrollment
of
all
ages
in
grades
9
to
12
divided
by
the
14­
to
17­
year­
old
population.
Differs
from
enrollment
rates
in
other
tables
which
are
based
on
the
enrollment
of
persons
in
the
given
age
group
only.
5
Data
are
for
1927
 
28.
6
Data
are
for
1940
 
41.
7
Estimated.
NOTE:
Includes
enrollment
in
public
schools
that
are
a
part
of
state
and
local
school
systems
and
also
in
most
private
schools,
both
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools;
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
70
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
57.
 
Enrollment
in
foreign
language
courses
compared
with
enrollment
in
grades
9
to
12
in
public
secondary
schools:
Fall
1948
to
fall
1994
[
In
thousands]

Language
Fall
1948
Fall
1960
Fall
1965
Fall
1968
Fall
1970
Fall
1974
Fall
1976
Fall
1978
Fall
1982
Fall
1985
Fall
1990
Fall
1994
Percent
change
in
enrollment
1976
to
1990
1990
to
1994
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total
enrollment,
grades
9
to
12
.......................
1
5,602
8,589
11,610
12,718
13,336
14,103
14,314
14,088
12,405
12,388
11,338
12,213
 
20.8
7.7
All
foreign
languages
2
Number
enrolled
............................
1,170
2,522
3,659
3,890
3,779
3,295
3,174
3,200
2,910
4,029
4,257
5,002
34.1
17.5
Percent
of
all
students
...................
20.9
29.4
31.5
30.6
28.3
23.3
22.2
22.7
23.3
32.2
37.5
41.0
 
 
Modern
foreign
languages
Number
enrolled
............................
741
1,867
3,068
3,518
3,514
3,127
3,023
3,048
2,740
3,852
4,093
4,813
35.4
17.6
Percent
of
all
students
...................
13.2
21.7
26.4
27.7
26.4
22.1
21.1
21.6
21.9
31.1
36.1
39.4
 
 
Spanish
Number
enrolled
............................
443
933
1,427
1,698
1,811
1,678
1,717
1,631
1,563
2,334
2,611
3,220
52.1
23.3
Percent
of
all
students
...................
7.9
10.9
12.3
13.4
13.6
11.9
12.0
11.6
12.5
18.8
23.0
26.4
 
 
French
Number
enrolled
............................
254
744
1,251
1,328
1,231
978
888
856
858
1,134
1,089
1,106
22.6
1.5
Percent
of
all
students
...................
4.5
8.7
10.8
10.4
9.2
6.9
6.2
6.1
6.9
9.2
9.6
9.1
 
 
German
Number
enrolled
............................
43
151
328
423
411
393
353
331
267
312
295
326
 
16.2
10.3
Percent
of
all
students
...................
0.8
1.8
2.8
3.3
3.1
2.8
2.5
2.3
2.1
2.5
2.6
2.7
 
 
Russian
Number
enrolled
............................
 
10
27
24
20
15
11
9
6
6
16
16
46.6
 
0.4
Percent
of
all
students
...................
 
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
(
3)
(
3)
0.1
0.1
 
 
Italian
Number
enrolled
............................
 
20
25
27
27
40
46
46
44
47
40
44
 
11.4
8.5
Percent
of
all
students
...................
 
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
 
 
Japanese
4
Number
enrolled
............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25
42
 
68.3
Percent
of
all
students
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.2
0.3
 
 
Other
modern
foreign
languages
5
Number
enrolled
............................
1
9
9
18
15
23
9
176
3
18
15
59
73.0
296.1
Percent
of
all
students
...................
(
3)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.2
(
3)
0.1
0.1
0.5
 
 
Latin
Number
enrolled
............................
429
655
591
372
265
167
150
152
170
177
164
189
8.9
15.2
Percent
of
all
students
...................
7.7
7.6
5.1
2.9
2.0
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Estimated.

2
Includes
enrollment
in
ancient
Greek
(
not
shown
separately).
Fewer
than
1,000
students
were
enrolled
in
this
language
in
each
of
the
years
shown.

3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

4
Until
1990,
student
enrollment
in
Japanese
courses
was
included
in
the
Other
modern
foreign
languages
category.
5
Includes
students
enrolled
in
unspecified
modern
foreign
languages.
In
1978,
a
relatively
large
number
of
students
were
not
identified
by
field
of
study.
Since
1990,
enrollment
in
Japanese
courses
is
reported
as
a
separate
category.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
American
Council
on
the
Teaching
of
Foreign
Languages
Foreign
Language
Enrollments
in
Public
Secondary
Schools,
Fall
1989,
Fall
1990,
and
Fall
1994.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
1999.)
71
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PRIVATE
SCHOOLS
Table
58.
 
Student
participation
in
school
programs
and
services,
by
control,
level
of
school,
and
type
of
community:
1993
 
94
Control,
level,
and
community
type
Total
students
Percent
of
students
participating
in
program
or
service
Number
Percent
distribution
Bilingual
education
English
as
a
second
language
Remedial
reading
Remedial
mathematics
Programs
for
the
disabled
Programs
for
the
gifted
and
talented
Diagnostic
and
prescriptive
Extended
day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Public
total
.................................................
41,621,660
100.0
3.07
3.97
10.88
6.90
6.88
6.43
0.27
2.50
School
level
Elementary
.............................................
26,886,026
64.6
3.98
4.75
13.46
7.77
6.76
6.25
0.31
3.58
Secondary
..............................................
13,757,801
33.1
1.39
2.58
5.63
5.03
6.54
6.90
0.20
0.48
Combined
...............................................
977,833
2.3
1.80
1.88
13.70
9.39
14.84
4.72
0.44
1.31
Community
type
Central
city
.............................................
12,163,036
29.2
6.30
7.13
12.86
8.34
7.05
6.55
0.23
3.82
Urban
fringe/
large
town
..........................
13,559,662
32.6
2.04
3.90
8.84
5.60
6.34
7.26
0.23
2.69
Rural/
small
town
.....................................
15,898,962
38.2
1.48
1.60
11.09
6.90
7.20
5.63
0.35
1.33
Private
total
................................................
4,970,548
100.0
0.81
0.58
6.35
4.16
2.98
4.93
0.89
9.20
School
level
Elementary
.............................................
2,803,359
56.4
0.77
0.45
7.22
4.33
0.93
3.34
0.94
12.48
Secondary
..............................................
811,087
16.3
0.19
0.62
4.24
3.06
3.43
8.56
0.47
0.23
Combined
...............................................
1,356,102
27.3
1.25
0.83
5.82
4.46
6.95
6.05
1.03
7.76
Community
type
Central
city
.............................................
2,261,125
45.5
0.83
0.71
7.33
4.77
2.68
5.56
0.72
11.36
Urban
fringe/
large
town
..........................
1,810,230
36.4
0.97
0.57
5.98
4.15
3.58
5.24
0.85
8.89
Rural/
small
town
.....................................
899,193
18.1
0.42
0.27
4.63
2.62
2.50
2.75
1.48
4.39
NOTE:
School
level
includes
elementary
schools
which
have
grade
6
or
lower
or
a
low
grade
of
ungraded
and
no
grade
higher
than
8;
secondary
schools
that
have
no
grade
lower
than
7;
and
combined
schools
that
have
grades
lower
than
7
and
higher
than
8.
Students
may
participate
in
more
than
one
program
or
service.
Includes
only
kindergarten
pupils
who
attend
schools
that
offer
first
grade
or
above.
Excludes
prekindergarten
students.
Totals
differ
from
data
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
processing
procedures
and
time
period
coverages.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)

Table
59.
 
Private
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment,
teachers,
and
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
Fall
1999
Selected
school
characteristics
Kindergarten
to
12th­
grade
enrollment
Teachers
Schools
Total
Catholic
Other
religious
Nonsectarian
Total
Catholic
Other
religious
Nonsectarian
Total
Catholic
Other
religious
Nonsectarian
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
......................
5,162,684
2,511,040
1,843,580
808,063
395,317
149,600
152,915
92,801
27,223
8,102
13,232
5,889
Standard
error
......
25,410
4,787
24,799
5,428
2,881
210
2,759
722
239
24
228
68
Level
of
school
Elementary
.............
2,831,372
1,814,676
750,026
266,669
187,833
100,565
58,386
28,882
16,530
6,707
6,843
2,981
Secondary
..............
806,639
607,682
112,132
86,825
62,737
41,301
10,586
10,849
2,538
1,114
718
707
Combined
..............
1,524,673
88,682
981,422
454,569
144,746
7,734
83,943
53,070
8,155
282
5,672
2,201
School
enrollment
Less
than
50
..........
196,309
5,497
128,007
62,806
26,329
769
15,898
9,662
7,565
172
5,031
2,362
50
to
149
...............
716,129
149,542
385,184
181,403
71,676
12,543
36,431
22,702
7,738
1,408
4,280
2,050
150
to
299
.............
1,424,018
767,888
496,825
159,306
102,457
45,928
38,371
18,157
6,571
3,450
2,364
757
300
to
499
.............
1,228,631
720,044
357,479
151,109
84,086
41,439
26,627
16,020
3,219
1,876
946
397
500
to
749
.............
805,490
477,806
215,910
111,774
54,078
26,057
15,964
12,057
1,352
805
360
187
750
or
more
...........
792,106
390,264
260,177
141,666
56,691
22,864
19,624
14,203
778
391
250
136
Percent
minority
students
None
......................
291,838
61,442
212,771
17,624
25,578
4,053
19,613
1,912
4,012
415
3,228
368
1
to
9
percent
........
2,282,659
1,216,054
806,530
260,075
164,869
72,015
64,951
27,903
9,219
3,737
4,149
1,332
10
to
29
percent
....
1,360,769
589,224
433,044
338,502
115,605
37,070
37,304
41,231
6,435
1,733
2,702
1,999
30
to
49
percent
....
414,323
190,783
139,742
83,798
32,424
11,471
10,994
9,959
2,455
604
1,007
844
50
percent
or
more
813,095
453,537
251,494
108,064
56,841
24,991
20,053
11,797
5,103
1,613
2,145
1,345
Community
type
Central
city
.............
2,540,516
1,293,629
870,219
376,668
189,984
76,118
71,244
42,622
10,825
3,737
4,550
2,538
Urban
fringe/
large
town
....................
2,051,094
1,022,949
714,090
314,056
155,436
59,815
58,053
37,568
10,359
3,142
4,725
2,492
Rural/
small
town
....
571,074
194,463
259,272
117,340
49,897
13,667
23,619
12,611
6,040
1,223
3,958
859
NOTE:
Includes
only
schools
that
offer
the
first
grade
or
a
higher
grade.
Excludes
prekindergarten
students.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Private
School
Universe
Survey,
1999
 
2000.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
72
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PRIVATE
SCHOOLS
Table
60.
 
Private
elementary
and
secondary
staff
and
student/
staff
ratios,
by
level
and
orientation
of
school:
1993
 
94
Orientation
and
type
of
staff
Full­
time­
equivalent
staff
Students
per
full­
time­
equivalent
staff
member
Total
Elementary
1
Secondary
2
Combined
3
Total
Elementary
1
Secondary
2
Combined
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
.................................
534,636
240,894
104,213
189,529
9.3
11.6
7.8
7.2
Principals
..............................
23,589
13,180
2,459
7,950
210.7
212.7
329.8
170.6
Assistant
principals
..............
8,361
3,094
2,113
3,154
594.5
906.1
383.9
430.0
Other
managers
...................
7,801
1,510
3,483
2,808
637.2
1,856.5
232.9
483.0
Instruction
coordinators
........
6,063
1,837
1,293
2,933
819.8
1,526.1
627.3
462.4
Teachers
..............................
330,838
155,220
60,644
114,974
15.0
18.1
13.4
11.8
Teacher
aides
......................
33,905
16,516
2,566
14,823
146.6
169.7
316.1
91.5
Guidance
counselors
...........
8,640
1,713
3,758
3,169
575.3
1,636.5
215.8
428.0
Librarians/
media
specialists
8,946
4,320
1,950
2,676
555.6
648.9
415.9
506.8
Library/
media
center
aides
..
3,768
1,942
588
1,238
1,319.2
1,443.5
1,379.4
1,095.5
Student
support
staff
4
.........
11,003
2,207
2,684
6,112
451.8
1,270.2
302.2
221.9
Secretaries/
clerical
staff
.......
37,634
15,170
9,061
13,403
132.1
184.8
89.5
101.2
Other
employees
5
...............
54,092
24,187
13,615
16,290
91.9
115.9
59.6
83.3
Catholic
Total
................................
206,094
135,831
59,239
11,024
12.2
13.6
10.0
6.9
Principals
..............................
8,186
6,702
1,177
307
307.4
275.8
503.0
247.1
Assistant
principals
..............
2,854
1,210
1,475
169
881.6
1,527.5
401.4
448.9
Other
managers
...................
3,139
717
2,168
254
801.6
2,577.8
273.1
298.7
Instruction
coordinators
........
1,138
619
477
42
2,211.0
2,985.9
1,241.1
1,806.2
Teachers
..............................
132,240
88,524
37,132
6,584
19.0
20.9
15.9
11.5
Teacher
aides
......................
9,078
8,144
176
758
277.2
226.9
3,363.7
100.1
Guidance
counselors
...........
3,843
1,144
2,341
358
654.7
1,615.6
252.9
211.9
Librarians/
media
specialists
4,291
2,836
1,230
225
586.4
651.7
481.3
337.2
Library/
media
center
aides
..
1,969
1,489
363
117
1,277.9
1,241.3
1,630.9
648.4
Student
support
staff
4
.........
2,287
1,418
568
301
1,100.2
1,303.4
1,042.3
252.0
Secretaries/
clerical
staff
.......
13,731
8,139
4,841
751
183.2
227.1
122.3
101.0
Other
employees
5
...............
23,338
14,889
7,291
1,158
107.8
124.1
81.2
65.5
Other
religious
orientation
Total
................................
184,521
72,798
16,970
94,753
9.1
9.9
7.3
8.9
Principals
..............................
9,917
4,535
573
4,809
170.0
158.4
217.2
175.4
Assistant
principals
..............
3,184
1,102
278
1,804
529.5
651.7
447.7
467.5
Other
managers
...................
1,932
584
340
1,008
872.7
1,229.7
366.0
836.8
Instruction
coordinators
........
2,298
775
153
1,370
733.7
926.7
813.4
615.7
Teachers
..............................
120,253
46,973
10,366
62,914
14.0
15.3
12.0
13.4
Teacher
aides
......................
10,021
4,827
171
5,023
168.3
148.8
727.8
167.9
Guidance
counselors
...........
2,001
473
403
1,125
842.6
1,518.3
308.8
749.7
Librarians/
media
specialists
2,596
977
349
1,270
649.5
735.1
356.6
664.1
Library/
media
center
aides
..
990
330
112
548
1,703.1
2,176.3
1,111.1
1,539.1
Student
support
staff
4
.........
1,318
489
231
598
1,279.3
1,468.7
538.7
1,410.4
Secretaries/
clerical
staff
.......
13,551
5,033
1,637
6,881
124.4
142.7
76.0
122.6
Other
employees
5
...............
16,460
6,700
2,357
7,403
102.4
107.2
52.8
113.9
Non­
sectarian
Total
................................
144,025
32,267
28,005
83,753
5.3
7.3
3.4
5.2
Principals
..............................
5,486
1,943
709
2,834
140.1
121.9
133.5
154.2
Assistant
principals
..............
2,323
782
360
1,181
330.8
303.0
262.9
369.9
Other
managers
...................
2,730
209
975
1,546
281.5
1,133.6
97.1
282.6
Instruction
coordinators
........
2,627
443
663
1,521
292.5
534.8
142.7
287.2
Teachers
..............................
78,345
19,723
13,146
45,476
9.8
12.0
7.2
9.6
Teacher
aides
......................
14,806
3,545
2,219
9,042
51.9
66.8
42.6
48.3
Guidance
counselors
...........
2,796
96
1,014
1,686
274.8
2,468.0
93.3
259.1
Librarians/
media
specialists
2,059
507
371
1,181
373.2
467.3
255.1
369.9
Library/
media
center
aides
..
809
123
113
573
949.9
1,926.3
837.4
762.5
Student
support
staff
4
.........
7,398
300
1,885
5,213
103.9
789.8
50.2
83.8
Secretaries/
clerical
staff
.......
10,352
1,998
2,583
5,771
74.2
118.6
36.6
75.7
Other
employees
5
...............
14,294
2,598
3,967
7,729
53.8
91.2
23.9
56.5
1
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.
2
Schools
have
no
grade
lower
than
7.
3
Schools
have
grades
lower
than
7
and
higher
than
8.
4
Includes
student
support
services
professional
staff,
such
as
school
psychologists,
social
workers,
occupational
therapists,
speech
therapists,
and
nurses.
5
Includes
cafeteria
workers
and
maintenance
staff.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
and
may
not
be
strictly
comparable
with
data
reported
elsewhere.
Includes
only
schools
that
offer
first
grade
or
above.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
1995,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
73
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PRIVATE
SCHOOLS
Table
61.
 
Private
elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
and
schools,
by
amount
of
tuition,
level,
and
orientation
of
school:
1993
 
94
Orientation
and
tuition
Kindergarten
through
12th­
grade
enrollment
1
Schools
Average
tuition
paid
by
students
2
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
........................................................
4,970,646
2,803,359
811,087
1,356,199
26,093
15,538
2,551
8,004
$
3,116
$
2,138
$
4,578
$
4,266
Catholic
.......................................................
2,516,130
1,848,257
592,011
75,862
8,351
6,924
1,161
266
2,178
1,628
3,643
4,153
Less
than
$
1,000
...................................
393,901
378,724
(
3)
(
3)
1,786
1,706
(
3)
(
3)
 
 
 
 
$
1,000
to
$
2,499
....................................
1,368,046
1,274,601
81,955
(
3)
4,834
4,542
235
(
3)
 
 
 
 
$
2,500
to
$
4,999
....................................
675,708
188,123
452,901
(
3)
1,533
642
782
(
3)
 
 
 
 
$
5,000
or
more
......................................
71,929
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
 
 
 
 
Other
religious
............................................
1,686,064
718,170
124,447
843,448
12,180
6,328
612
5,240
2,915
2,606
5,261
2,831
Less
than
$
1,000
...................................
113,382
66,259
(
3)
45,878
2,435
1,386
(
3)
1,044
 
 
 
 
$
1,000
to
$
2,499
....................................
839,447
387,917
(
3)
435,788
6,759
3,645
(
3)
3,012
 
 
 
 
$
2,500
to
$
4,999
....................................
513,773
187,164
62,993
263,615
2,198
970
316
913
 
 
 
 
$
5,000
or
more
......................................
203,014
68,255
38,655
96,104
738
303
172
263
 
 
 
 
Non­
sectarian
..............................................
768,451
236,932
94,629
436,890
5,563
2,287
778
2,498
6,631
4,693
9,525
7,056
Less
than
$
1,000
...................................
49,128
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
912
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
 
 
 
 
$
1,000
to
$
2,499
....................................
121,869
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
666
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
 
 
 
 
$
2,500
to
$
4,999
....................................
200,857
119,326
(
3)
74,395
1,810
1,301
(
3)
465
 
 
 
 
$
5,000
or
more
......................................
396,244
82,596
74,283
239,364
2,166
456
408
1,302
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Only
includes
kindergarten
students
who
attend
schools
that
offer
first
grade
or
above.
2
Tuition
weighted
by
the
number
of
students
enrolled
in
schools.
3
Too
few
sample
cases
(
fewer
than
30
schools)
for
reliable
estimates.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
and
may
not
be
strictly
comparable
with
data
reported
elsewhere.
Elementary
schools
have
grade
6
or
lower
and
no
grade
higher
than
8.
Secondary
schools
have
no
grade
lower
than
7.
Combined
schools
have
grades
lower
than
7
and
higher
than
8.
Excludes
prekindergarten
students.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and
missing
values
in
cells
with
too
few
sample
sizes.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
1995,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)

Table
62.
 
Summary
statistics
on
Catholic
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level:
1919
 
20
to
2000
 
01
School
year
Number
of
schools
Enrollment
Instructional
staff
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Total
Elementary
Secondary
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1919
 
20
.........
8,103
6,551
1,552
1,925,521
1,795,673
129,848
1
49,516
1
41,592
1
7,924
1929
 
30
.........
10,046
7,923
2,123
2,464,467
2,222,598
241,869
1
72,552
1
58,245
1
14,307
1939
 
40
.........
10,049
7,944
2,105
2,396,305
2,035,182
361,123
1
81,057
1
60,081
1
20,976
1949
 
50
.........
10,778
8,589
2,189
3,066,387
2,560,815
505,572
1
94,295
1
66,525
1
27,770
Fall
1960
........
12,893
10,501
2,392
5,253,791
4,373,422
880,369
1
151,902
1
108,169
1
43,733
1969
 
70
.........
11,771
9,695
2,076
4,658,098
3,607,168
1,050,930
2
195,400
2
133,200
2
62,200
1970
 
71
.........
11,350
9,370
1,980
4,363,566
3,355,478
1,008,088
166,208
112,750
53,458
1974
 
75
.........
10,127
8,437
1,690
3,504,000
2,602,000
902,000
150,179
100,011
50,168
1975
 
76
.........
9,993
8,340
1,653
3,415,000
2,525,000
890,000
149,276
99,319
49,957
1979
 
80
.........
9,640
8,100
1,540
3,139,000
2,293,000
846,000
147,294
97,724
49,570
1980
 
81
.........
9,559
8,043
1,516
3,106,000
2,269,000
837,000
145,777
96,739
49,038
1981
 
82
.........
9,494
7,996
1,498
3,094,000
2,266,000
828,000
146,172
96,847
49,325
1982
 
83
.........
9,432
7,950
1,482
3,007,189
2,211,412
795,777
146,460
97,337
49,123
1983
 
84
.........
9,401
7,937
1,464
2,969,000
2,179,000
790,000
146,913
98,591
48,322
1984
 
85
.........
9,325
7,876
1,449
2,903,000
2,119,000
784,000
149,888
99,820
50,068
1985
 
86
.........
9,220
7,790
1,430
2,821,000
2,061,000
760,000
146,594
96,741
49,853
1986
 
87
.........
9,102
7,693
1,409
2,726,000
1,998,000
728,000
141,930
93,554
48,376
1987
 
88
.........
8,992
7,601
1,391
2,623,031
1,942,148
680,883
139,887
93,199
46,688
1988
 
89
.........
8,867
7,505
1,362
2,551,119
1,911,911
639,208
137,700
93,154
44,546
1989
 
90
.........
8,719
7,395
1,324
2,499,000
1,894,000
606,000
136,900
94,197
42,703
1990
 
91
.........
8,587
7,291
1,296
2,475,439
1,883,906
591,533
131,198
91,039
40,159
1991
 
92
.........
8,508
7,239
1,269
2,442,924
1,856,302
586,622
153,334
109,084
44,250
1992
 
93
.........
8,423
7,174
1,249
2,444,842
1,860,937
583,905
154,816
109,825
44,991
1993
 
94
.........
8,345
7,114
1,231
2,444,609
1,859,947
584,662
157,201
112,199
45,002
1994
 
95
.........
8,293
7,055
1,238
2,475,207
1,877,782
597,425
3
164,219
3
117,620
3
46,599
1995
 
96
.........
8,250
7,022
1,228
2,491,111
1,884,461
606,650
3
166,759
3
118,753
3
48,006
1996
 
97
.........
8,231
7,005
1,226
2,497,198
1,885,037
612,161
3
153,276
3
107,548
3
45,728
1997
 
98
.........
8,223
7,004
1,219
2,497,894
1,879,737
618,157
3
152,259
3
105,717
3
46,542
1998
 
99
.........
8,217
6,990
1,227
2,496,488
1,876,211
620,277
3
153,081
3
105,943
3
47,138
1999
 
2000
.....
8,144
6,923
1,221
2,500,416
1,877,236
623,180
3
157,134
3
109,404
3
47,730
2000
 
01
.........
8,146
6,920
1,226
2,647,301
2,004,037
643,264
3
160,731
3
111,937
3
48,794
1
Includes
part­
time
teachers.

2
Includes
estimates
for
the
nonreporting
schools.

3
Full­
time
equivalent.

NOTE:
Data
reported
by
the
National
Catholic
Educational
Association
and
data
reported
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
are
not
directly
comparable
because
survey
procedures
and
definitions
differ.
Excludes
prekindergarten
enrollment.
SOURCE:
National
Catholic
Educational
Association,
A
Statistical
Report
on
Catholic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools
for
the
Years
1967
 
68
to
1969
 
70,
as
compiled
from
the
Official
Catholic
Directory
(
Copyright
 
1970
by
the
National
Catholic
Educational
Association);
Catholic
Schools
in
America
(
1978
edition,
Copyright
 
1978
by
the
Franklin
Press);
and
United
States
Catholic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools,
1989
 
90,
1990
 
91,
1991
 
92,
1992
 
93,
1993
 
94,
1994
 
95,
1995
 
96,
1996
 
97,
1997
 
98,
1998
 
99,
1999
 
2000,
and
2000
 
01
(
Copyright
 
1990,
1991,
1992,
1993,
1994,
1995,
1996,
1997,
1998,
1999,
2000,
and
2001
by
the
National
Catholic
Educational
Association
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
74
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PRIVATE
SCHOOLS
Table
63.
 
Private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
enrollment,
teachers,
and
high
school
graduates,
by
state:
1991
to
1999
State
Number
of
schools
Enrollment
1
Teachers
High
school
graduates
1999
2
Standard
error
Fall
1991
Fall
1993
Fall
1997
Fall
1999
Fall
1999
Standard
error
1998
 
99
Standard
error
Enrollment
Standard
error
Enrollment
Standard
error
Enrollment
Standard
error
Enrollment
Standard
error
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
3
...
27,223
238.6
4,889,545
26,471
4,836,442
12,875
5,076,118
15,549
5,162,684
25,410
395,317
2,881
273,025
2,054
Alabama
.........
374
21.6
69,441
8,390
72,630
4,724
72,486
682
73,352
2,527
5,934
170
4,324
194
Alaska
............
69
1.6
5,520
543
5,884
0
6,253
220
6,172
63
572
51
245
8
Arizona
...........
276
4.4
39,460
(
4)
41,957
0
44,991
652
44,060
428
3,319
63
2,399
39
Arkansas
........
192
14.0
22,792
(
4)
29,011
3,995
26,645
290
26,424
1,233
2,075
90
1,320
86
California
........
3,318
27.8
613,068
16,643
569,062
1,987
609,506
3,730
619,067
1,533
43,159
503
28,097
253
Colorado
........
339
5.5
57,352
11,374
53,732
7,798
52,563
1,109
52,142
397
4,353
115
2,470
79
Connecticut
....
348
5.7
67,374
(
4)
70,198
1,875
69,293
494
70,058
224
6,879
87
5,141
142
Delaware
........
96
2.7
22,803
(
4)
22,308
0
24,193
911
22,779
303
1,784
28
1,151
18
District
of
Columbia
....
89
4.4
17,776
322
15,854
0
16,671
155
16,690
701
1,898
31
1,231
83
Florida
............
1,545
79.1
205,600
2,988
233,743
3,789
273,628
2,359
290,872
8,152
22,929
776
12,866
279
Georgia
..........
592
31.4
96,683
4,078
97,726
3,586
107,065
1,477
116,407
4,157
10,677
591
6,819
317
Hawaii
............
130
1.5
36,306
(
4)
30,537
0
33,300
350
32,193
169
2,475
23
2,533
31
Idaho
..............
94
2.0
6,644
(
4)
8,019
0
9,635
203
10,209
96
790
29
459
8
Illinois
.............
1,354
11.8
301,374
1,158
293,038
794
298,620
1,101
299,871
1,365
19,589
142
16,652
122
Indiana
...........
677
13.9
99,450
7,004
91,986
0
105,358
1,836
105,533
1,461
7,362
198
4,597
133
Iowa
...............
265
4.8
51,431
(
4)
50,602
211
50,138
520
49,565
446
3,545
46
2,693
69
Kansas
...........
237
16.7
35,077
(
4)
37,045
0
40,573
363
43,113
1,731
3,166
158
2,071
64
Kentucky
........
368
17.0
65,990
(
4)
58,058
0
70,731
413
75,084
1,927
5,478
193
3,997
191
Louisiana
........
434
12.8
139,248
(
4)
145,512
4,036
141,633
696
138,135
1,982
9,206
113
8,716
296
Maine
.............
139
4.6
14,854
(
4)
16,999
0
17,187
292
18,287
133
1,760
51
2,050
43
Maryland
........
701
36.9
113,774
(
4)
112,481
0
129,898
937
144,131
4,700
12,152
288
7,596
329
Massachusetts
694
13.1
125,006
3,419
126,744
1,362
127,165
1,163
132,154
506
12,497
149
9,632
192
Michigan
.........
1,012
13.9
187,095
710
187,741
0
187,740
1,538
179,579
1,554
11,771
179
9,114
167
Minnesota
......
530
8.7
93,404
2,401
86,051
0
90,400
918
92,795
1,047
6,467
129
4,010
114
Mississippi
......
207
9.1
58,757
1,377
58,655
1,564
54,529
457
51,369
1,357
3,884
106
3,649
159
Missouri
..........
576
7.2
116,440
1,884
117,466
616
119,534
964
122,387
1,076
9,105
114
6,851
170
Montana
.........
90
2.0
9,644
(
4)
9,111
0
8,341
220
8,711
88
740
37
395
23
Nebraska
........
237
4.2
39,673
(
4)
39,564
0
40,943
320
42,141
415
2,963
67
2,303
74
Nevada
...........
80
1.3
8,482
(
4)
10,723
0
12,847
241
13,926
81
973
24
639
6
New
Hampshire
............
171
5.7
18,712
1,330
18,386
0
21,143
297
23,383
193
2,208
72
1,894
46
New
Jersey
....
905
14.1
209,913
8,195
195,921
0
205,126
1,535
198,631
785
15,496
198
11,072
339
New
Mexico
...
182
3.5
23,236
(
4)
20,007
0
19,251
534
23,055
195
1,992
73
1,361
46
New
York
.......
1,981
22.0
498,668
7,158
473,119
4,776
467,520
1,821
475,942
1,227
37,190
404
26,314
338
North
Carolina
588
37.1
63,255
5,224
69,000
1,803
88,127
1,260
96,262
3,775
8,962
422
4,256
160
North
Dakota
..
55
1.3
7,518
(
4)
7,577
0
7,332
72
7,148
97
545
12
448
20
Ohio
...............
974
11.2
269,064
13,362
246,805
3,480
251,543
1,528
254,494
1,694
16,165
134
13,394
173
Oklahoma
.......
179
11.0
34,025
9,317
25,837
3,584
27,675
345
31,276
1,049
2,727
83
1,635
49
Oregon
...........
347
12.4
30,918
1,003
34,092
0
44,290
1,364
45,352
1,287
3,473
92
2,376
75
Pennsylvania
..
1,964
51.8
359,440
6,920
342,298
4,260
343,191
4,401
339,484
2,954
24,453
848
18,002
414
Rhode
Island
..
127
3.0
21,242
(
4)
23,153
0
25,597
195
24,738
127
1,961
26
1,404
56
South
Carolina
326
19.0
46,086
2,013
51,600
1,819
56,169
700
55,612
2,506
4,912
281
2,915
202
South
Dakota
83
2.6
10,539
(
4)
9,575
0
9,794
143
9,364
232
743
24
442
19
Tennessee
.....
533
39.9
82,969
2,953
84,538
2,909
84,651
746
93,680
3,519
7,921
265
6,717
162
Texas
.............
1,281
52.6
170,670
472
211,337
7,591
223,294
1,703
227,645
7,260
19,777
410
9,988
353
Utah
...............
78
1.4
9,836
(
4)
9,793
0
12,653
201
12,614
114
1,091
29
792
42
Vermont
.........
122
4.9
8,351
(
4)
9,107
0
10,823
196
12,170
199
1,361
65
1,273
57
Virginia
...........
582
34.2
80,887
1,872
84,438
4,584
98,307
1,071
100,171
4,171
9,389
248
5,010
178
Washington
....
494
8.8
66,556
2,798
70,205
1,858
76,956
1,462
76,885
519
5,697
144
3,262
48
West
Virginia
..
151
11.8
12,908
(
4)
13,539
0
14,640
225
15,895
974
1,486
151
883
96
Wisconsin
.......
991
16.6
142,339
220
141,762
0
143,577
1,748
139,455
1,828
10,025
241
5,525
168
Wyoming
........
41
1.4
1,840
(
4)
1,919
0
2,593
110
2221
45
241
28
41
5
1
Includes
special
education,
vocational/
technical
education,
and
alternative
schools.
Excludes
prekindergarten
enrollment.
2
The
estimates
for
1999
were
computed
using
a
different
procedure
from
that
used
prior
to
1997
 
98.
3
NCES
employed
an
area
frame
sample
to
account
for
noninclusion
of
schools
at
the
national
level.
However,
caution
should
be
exercised
in
interpreting
state
by
state
characteristics
since
the
samples
were
not
designed
to
produce
such
numbers.
4
Insufficient
data
to
compute
a
standard
error.
NOTE:
Standard
errors
for
states
are
root
mean
squared
errors
to
correct
for
bias
in
model
based
estimates.
Tabulation
includes
only
schools
that
offer
first
grade
or
above.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Private
School
Universe
Survey,
1999
 
2000;''
and
Indirect
State­
Level
Estimation
for
the
Private
School
Survey,
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
75
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
64.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
by
level,
type,
and
enrollment
size
of
school:
Fall
1987
to
fall
1999
Type,
level,
and
enrollment
size
of
school
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
All
schools
..................................................
17.9
17.9
17.9
17.4
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.7
17.8
17.6
17.2
16.9
16.6
Under
300
................................................
14.6
14.8
14.6
14.0
14.1
14.1
14.3
14.1
14.1
14.0
13.7
13.6
13.3
300
to
499
...............................................
17.6
17.7
17.6
17.0
17.1
17.0
17.3
17.2
17.1
16.9
16.5
16.2
15.8
500
to
999
...............................................
18.5
18.4
18.5
18.0
18.1
18.1
18.2
18.1
18.2
17.9
17.5
17.1
16.8
1,000
to
1,499
.........................................
18.5
18.3
18.5
17.9
18.2
18.6
18.5
18.6
18.7
18.5
18.1
17.7
17.6
1,500
or
more
..........................................
19.4
20.1
19.4
19.2
19.6
20.0
19.7
19.9
20.0
20.0
19.7
19.3
19.3
Regular
schools
.......................................
18.1
18.0
18.1
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.9
17.8
17.9
17.7
17.3
17.0
16.7
Alternative
................................................
16.0
14.8
16.0
14.2
15.8
16.5
17.4
18.0
16.6
16.6
16.5
16.4
15.8
Special
education
....................................
6.2
6.9
6.2
6.5
6.8
7.0
7.4
6.9
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.3
7.2
Vocational
................................................
13.0
 
13.0
13.0
12.3
13.0
13.1
12.9
12.7
12.9
12.9
13.1
13.0
Elementary
schools
.................................
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.1
18.2
18.1
18.2
18.0
18.1
17.8
17.4
17.0
16.7
Regular
.................................................
18.7
18.7
18.7
18.2
18.2
18.1
18.3
18.0
18.1
17.9
17.4
17.0
16.7
Under
300
.........................................
16.6
16.7
16.6
16.0
16.1
15.9
16.0
15.7
15.7
15.6
15.3
15.1
14.6
300
to
499
........................................
18.3
18.3
18.3
17.6
17.6
17.5
17.7
17.5
17.5
17.2
16.8
16.4
16.1
500
to
999
........................................
19.4
19.4
19.4
18.8
18.8
18.7
18.8
18.5
18.6
18.3
17.8
17.4
17.1
1,000
to
1,499
..................................
20.1
20.0
20.1
19.5
19.6
19.7
19.7
19.6
19.7
19.4
18.8
18.4
18.3
1,500
or
more
...................................
19.5
18.9
19.5
19.9
20.9
20.3
21.2
20.4
20.9
21.2
20.7
19.9
20.0
Secondary
schools
..................................
17.2
17.2
17.2
16.6
16.9
17.3
17.3
17.5
17.6
17.5
17.3
17.0
16.8
Regular
.................................................
17.3
17.1
17.3
16.7
17.0
17.4
17.4
17.6
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.1
16.9
Under
300
.........................................
12.4
12.7
12.4
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.7
12.5
12.5
12.0
300
to
499
........................................
15.5
15.4
15.5
14.9
15.1
15.3
15.5
15.7
15.7
15.5
15.3
15.1
14.6
500
to
999
........................................
16.8
16.6
16.8
16.1
16.4
16.7
16.7
16.8
16.9
16.7
16.4
16.2
16.0
1,000
to
1,499
..................................
17.9
17.7
17.9
17.2
17.5
17.9
17.8
17.9
18.0
17.9
17.5
17.2
17.1
1,500
or
more
...................................
19.5
19.5
19.5
19.3
19.6
20.0
19.6
19.9
20.0
20.0
19.7
19.3
19.2
Combined
schools
...................................
15.5
15.9
15.5
14.5
15.0
14.8
15.3
15.1
15.0
14.7
14.4
13.4
13.4
Under
300
.........................................
9.5
9.8
9.5
8.9
9.3
9.3
9.6
9.3
9.0
8.7
8.6
8.9
9.1
300
to
499
........................................
14.4
15.3
14.4
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.8
14.4
14.7
14.3
14.0
13.6
13.8
500
to
999
........................................
17.6
17.1
17.6
16.3
16.7
15.6
16.5
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.2
15.5
14.9
1,000
to
1,499
..................................
19.0
18.5
19.0
17.8
17.9
18.6
18.6
18.3
18.2
18.4
18.0
16.9
16.9
1,500
or
more
...................................
18.8
18.8
18.8
17.7
18.6
18.9
18.8
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.3
18.7
19.2
Ungraded
.................................................
5.9
6.8
5.9
6.4
6.5
6.9
7.1
6.7
6.9
5.9
6.2
5.9
5.3
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Pupil/
teacher
ratios
are
based
on
data
reported
by
types
of
schools
rather
than
by
instructional
programs
within
schools.
Ratios
are
based
on
data
reported
by
schools
and
may
differ
from
data
reported
in
other
tables
that
reflect
aggregate
totals
reported
by
states.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
76
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
65.
 
Public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
teacher
ratios:
Fall
1955
to
fall
2001
Year
Elementary
and
secondary
teachers
Elementary
and
secondary
enrollment
Elementary
and
secondary
pupil/
teacher
ratio
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1955
......................
1,286
1,141
1
145
35,280
30,680
1
4,600
27.4
26.9
1
31.7
1960
......................
1,600
1,408
1
192
42,181
36,281
1
5,900
26.4
25.8
1
30.7
1965
......................
1,933
1,710
223
48,473
42,173
6,300
25.1
24.7
28.3
1970
......................
2,292
2,059
233
51,257
45,894
5,363
22.4
22.3
23.0
1971
......................
2,293
2,063
1
230
51,271
46,071
1
5,200
22.4
22.3
1
22.6
1972
......................
2,337
2,106
1
231
50,726
45,726
1
5,000
21.7
21.7
1
21.6
1973
......................
2,372
2,136
1
236
50,446
45,446
1
5,000
21.3
21.3
1
21.2
1974
......................
2,410
2,165
1
245
50,073
45,073
1
5,000
20.8
20.8
1
20.4
1975
......................
2,453
2,198
1
255
49,819
44,819
1
5,000
20.3
20.4
1
19.6
1976
......................
2,457
2,189
268
49,478
44,311
5,167
20.1
20.2
19.3
1977
......................
2,488
2,209
279
48,717
43,577
5,140
19.6
19.7
18.4
1978
......................
2,479
2,207
272
47,635
42,550
5,085
19.2
19.3
18.7
1979
......................
2,461
2,185
1
276
46,651
41,651
1
5,000
19.0
19.1
1
18.1
1980
......................
2,485
2,184
301
46,208
40,877
5,331
18.6
18.7
17.7
1981
......................
2,440
2,127
1
313
45,544
40,044
1
5,500
18.7
18.8
1
17.6
1982
......................
2,458
2,133
1
325
45,165
39,566
1
5,600
18.4
18.6
1
17.2
1983
......................
2,476
2,139
337
44,967
39,252
5,715
18.2
18.4
17.0
1984
......................
2,508
2,168
1
340
44,908
39,208
1
5,700
17.9
18.1
1
16.8
1985
......................
2,549
2,206
343
44,979
39,422
5,557
17.6
17.9
16.2
1986
......................
2,592
2,244
1
348
45,205
39,753
1
5,452
17.4
17.7
1
15.7
1987
......................
2,631
2,279
352
45,487
40,008
5,479
17.3
17.6
15.6
1988
......................
2,668
2,323
1
345
45,430
40,189
1
5,242
17.0
17.3
1
15.2
1989
......................
2,734
2,357
377
45,741
40,543
5,198
16.7
17.2
13.8
1990
......................
2,753
2,398
1
355
46,451
41,217
1
5,234
16.9
17.2
1
14.7
1991
......................
2,787
2,432
355
47,322
42,047
5,275
17.0
17.3
14.9
1992
......................
2,822
2,459
1
363
48,145
42,823
1
5,322
17.1
17.4
1
14.7
1993
......................
2,870
2,504
366
48,813
43,465
5,348
17.0
17.4
14.6
1994
......................
2,926
2,552
1
374
49,609
44,111
1
5,498
17.0
17.3
1
14.7
1995
......................
2,978
2,598
380
50,502
44,840
5,662
17.0
17.3
14.9
1996
......................
3,054
2,667
1
387
51,375
45,611
1
5,764
16.8
17.1
1
14.9
1997
......................
3,134
2,746
388
51,968
46,127
5,841
16.6
16.8
15.1
1998
......................
3,221
2,830
1
391
52,476
46,539
1
5,937
16.3
16.4
1
15.2
1999
......................
3,304
2,907
397
52,875
46,857
6,018
16.0
16.1
15.2
2000
1
....................
3,381
2,953
2
428
53,104
47,160
2
5,944
15.7
16.0
2
13.9
2001
2
....................
3,551
3,119
432
53,157
47,213
5,944
15.0
15.1
13.8
1
Estimated.
2
Projected.

NOTE:
Data
for
teachers
are
expressed
in
full­
time
equivalents.
Includes
kindergarten
and
a
relatively
small
number
of
nursery
school
teachers
and
students.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Day
Schools;
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys
and
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
77
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
66.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
by
level
and
state:
Fall
1995
to
fall
2000
State
or
other
area
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
1
Fall
1999
Estimated,
fall
2000
2
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Unclassified
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Unclassified
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
..................
2,598,220
3
2,667,419
3
2,746,157
3
2,830,286
3
1,570,661
1,012,907
246,718
3
2,906,554
3
1,620,344
3
1,031,245
254,965
4
2,953,311
Alabama
..............................
44,056
3
45,035
3
45,967
3
47,766
3
26,743
21,023
 
3
48,614
3
27,906
20,708
 
47,527
Alaska
..................................
7,379
7,418
7,625
8,118
5,186
2,932
 
7,838
5,271
2,567
 
8,136
Arizona
................................
38,017
40,521
41,129
42,352
30,729
11,623
 
43,892
31,489
12,403
 
4
44,562
Arkansas
.............................
26,449
3
26,681
3
26,931
27,953
12,419
12,668
2,866
31,362
13,567
13,054
4,741
5
29,025
California
.............................
230,849
3
248,818
3
268,535
3
281,784
3
188,055
65,483
28,246
3
287,344
3
192,694
68,292
26,358
4
299,897
Colorado
..............................
35,388
36,398
37,840
39,434
20,378
19,056
 
40,772
20,633
20,139
 
42,100
Connecticut
.........................
36,070
36,551
37,658
38,772
22,647
11,284
4,841
39,907
23,422
11,487
4,998
42,512
Delaware
.............................
6,463
6,642
6,850
7,074
3,552
3,522
 
7,318
3,696
3,622
 
5
7,466
District
of
Columbia
.............
5,305
5,288
4,388
5,187
3,103
1,974
110
3
4,779
3
2,899
3
1,880
­
5,000
Florida
.................................
114,938
120,471
124,473
126,796
55,642
49,025
22,129
130,336
57,116
49,890
23,330
5
133,545
Georgia
................................
79,480
81,795
86,244
88,658
52,375
36,283
 
90,638
53,491
37,147
 
93,636
Hawaii
..................................
10,500
10,576
10,653
10,639
5,835
4,762
42
10,866
5,959
4,858
49
10,785
Idaho
...................................
12,784
13,078
13,207
13,426
6,924
6,499
3
13,641
6,960
6,681
­
13,900
Illinois
..................................
113,538
116,274
118,734
121,758
73,297
30,455
18,006
124,815
75,085
31,030
18,700
128,817
Indiana
.................................
55,821
56,708
57,371
58,084
29,812
25,639
2,633
58,864
30,680
25,527
2,657
59,728
Iowa
.....................................
32,318
32,593
32,700
32,822
19,691
11,985
1,146
33,480
20,371
12,073
1,036
34,203
Kansas
................................
30,729
30,875
31,527
32,003
14,743
13,862
3,398
32,969
15,020
14,414
3,535
33,010
Kentucky
..............................
39,120
39,331
40,488
40,803
22,322
11,878
6,603
41,954
22,814
11,868
7,272
4
40,746
Louisiana
.............................
46,980
47,334
48,599
49,124
34,201
14,406
517
50,031
34,468
15,107
456
50,366
Maine
...................................
15,392
15,551
15,700
15,890
10,847
5,043
 
16,349
11,142
5,207
 
17,000
Maryland
..............................
47,819
47,943
48,318
49,840
25,191
24,649
 
50,995
30,758
20,237
 
53,673
Massachusetts
....................
62,710
64,574
67,170
69,752
24,971
34,857
9,924
77,596
27,822
39,452
10,322
6
79,473
Michigan
..............................
83,179
88,051
90,529
93,220
40,457
42,139
10,624
96,111
42,029
42,950
11,132
95,200
Minnesota
............................
46,971
48,245
51,998
54,449
28,430
24,626
1,393
56,010
29,463
25,009
1,538
56,000
Mississippi
...........................
28,997
29,293
29,441
31,140
15,701
10,165
5,274
30,722
15,441
10,035
5,246
5
30,782
Missouri
...............................
57,951
59,428
60,889
62,449
31,531
30,204
714
63,890
32,471
30,661
758
64,000
Montana
..............................
10,076
10,268
10,228
10,221
6,911
3,310
 
10,353
7,035
3,318
 
10,290
Nebraska
.............................
20,028
20,174
20,065
20,310
11,922
8,273
115
20,766
12,310
8,311
145
5
20,939
Nevada
................................
13,878
14,805
16,053
16,415
8,535
6,010
1,870
17,380
8,872
6,448
2,060
17,838
New
Hampshire
...................
12,346
12,692
12,931
13,290
9,243
4,047
 
14,037
9,619
4,418
 
14,019
New
Jersey
.........................
86,706
87,642
89,671
92,264
51,921
26,769
13,574
95,883
54,243
27,226
14,414
4
98,395
New
Mexico
.........................
19,398
19,971
19,647
19,981
11,561
4,705
3,715
19,797
11,441
4,680
3,676
20,078
New
York
.............................
181,559
185,104
190,874
197,253
100,746
67,610
28,897
202,078
104,299
68,466
29,313
216,000
North
Carolina
.....................
73,201
75,239
77,785
79,531
48,076
28,479
2,976
81,914
49,507
29,250
3,157
5
80,390
North
Dakota
.......................
7,501
7,892
8,070
7,974
4,920
3,054
 
8,150
4,862
3,288
 
6
7,713
Ohio
.....................................
107,347
108,515
110,761
113,984
76,044
37,671
269
116,200
78,068
37,827
305
113,000
Oklahoma
............................
39,364
39,568
40,215
40,876
18,894
17,532
4,450
41,498
19,268
17,684
4,546
42,120
Oregon
................................
26,680
26,757
26,935
27,152
14,649
8,209
4,294
27,803
14,730
8,400
4,673
27,900
Pennsylvania
.......................
104,921
106,432
108,014
111,065
50,758
46,530
13,777
114,525
52,804
47,289
14,432
114,700
Rhode
Island
.......................
10,482
10,656
10,598
11,124
4,924
4,617
1,583
11,041
4,856
4,555
1,630
6
11,272
South
Carolina
....................
39,922
41,463
42,336
43,689
30,246
13,443
 
45,468
31,786
13,682
 
44,449
South
Dakota
......................
9,641
9,625
9,282
9,273
5,444
2,994
835
9,384
5,335
2,630
1,419
9,296
Tennessee
...........................
53,403
54,790
54,142
59,258
43,026
14,940
1,292
60,702
44,305
15,195
1,202
56,971
Texas
...................................
240,371
247,650
254,557
259,739
126,739
96,352
36,648
267,935
130,273
98,495
39,167
274,345
Utah
.....................................
20,039
19,734
21,115
21,501
10,303
8,782
2,416
21,832
10,527
8,909
2,396
21,500
Vermont
...............................
7,676
7,751
7,909
8,221
3,119
3,160
1,942
8,474
3,265
3,280
1,929
8,710
Virginia
................................
74,731
3
74,526
3
77,575
3
79,323
3
47,787
31,536
 
3
81,073
3
48,528
32,545
 
4
82,616
Washington
.........................
46,907
48,307
49,074
49,671
24,902
20,325
4,444
50,368
25,495
20,424
4,449
4
51,164
West
Virginia
.......................
21,073
20,888
20,947
20,989
10,243
7,072
3,674
21,082
10,337
7,016
3,729
20,337
Wisconsin
............................
55,033
54,769
55,732
61,176
41,865
17,971
1,340
60,778
42,699
18,079
­
6
61,285
Wyoming
.............................
6,734
6,729
6,677
6,713
3,101
3,474
138
6,940
3,213
3,532
195
6,895
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
......
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
7
.......
 
5,000
5,227
5,171
2,337
1,847
987
7,415
3,204
2,149
2,062
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.................
728
734
762
764
513
236
15
801
577
209
15
4
815
Guam
...................................
1,802
1,552
1,363
1,052
513
523
16
1,809
954
840
15
4
1,869
Northern
Marianas
..............
422
441
483
496
304
182
10
488
288
193
7
6
521
Puerto
Rico
.........................
39,328
39,743
38,953
39,781
21,097
15,296
3,388
41,349
21,870
15,952
3,527
4
41,708
Virgin
Islands
.......................
1,622
1,580
1,559
1,567
765
764
38
1,528
753
748
27
1,520
 
Not
available.
1
Data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
2
Unless
otherwise
indicated,
data
were
estimated
by
state
education
agencies.
3
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting
of
prekindergarten
teachers.
4
Data
imputed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
based
on
previous
year's
data.
5
Actual
preliminary
count
by
state.
6
Early
estimate
number
reported
by
state,
adjusted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
7
Includes
overseas
schools
only
through
1998.
Data
for
1999
includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.

NOTE:
Distribution
of
elementary
and
secondary
teachers
determined
by
reporting
units.
Teachers
reported
in
full­
time
equivalents.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
78
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
67.
 
Teachers,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
teacher
ratios
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1994
to
fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Pupil/

teacher
ratio,
fall
1994
Pupil/

teacher
ratio,
fall
1995
Pupil/

teacher
ratio,
fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
1
Fall
1999
Teachers
Enrollment
Pupil/

teacher
ratio
Teachers
Enrollment
Pupil/

teacher
ratio
Teachers
Enrollment
Pupil/

teacher
ratio
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
..........................................
17.3
17.3
17.1
2
2,746,157
2
46,126,897
16.8
2
2,830,286
2
46,538,585
2
16.4
2
2,906,554
2
46,857,321
2
16.1
Alabama
......................................................
17.2
16.9
16.6
2
45,967
2
749,207
16.3
2
47,766
2
747,980
2
15.7
2
48,614
2
740,732
2
15.2
Alaska
..........................................................
17.6
17.3
17.5
7,625
132,123
17.3
8,118
135,373
16.7
7,838
134,391
17.1
Arizona
........................................................
19.3
19.6
19.7
41,129
814,113
19.8
42,352
848,262
20.0
43,892
852,612
19.4
Arkansas
......................................................
17.1
17.1
17.1
2
26,931
456,497
17.0
27,953
452,256
16.2
31,362
451,034
14.4
California
.....................................................
24.0
24.0
22.9
2
268,535
2
5,803,887
21.6
2
281,784
2
5,926,037
2
21.0
2
287,344
2
6,038,589
2
21.0
Colorado
......................................................
18.4
18.5
18.5
37,840
687,167
18.2
39,434
699,135
17.7
40,772
708,109
17.4
Connecticut
..................................................
14.4
14.4
14.4
37,658
535,164
14.2
38,772
544,698
14.0
39,907
553,993
13.9
Delaware
.....................................................
16.6
16.8
16.6
6,850
111,960
16.3
7,074
113,262
16.0
7,318
112,836
15.4
District
of
Columbia
.....................................
13.2
15.0
14.9
3
4,388
77,111
17.6
5,187
71,889
13.9
2
4,779
77,194
2
16.2
Florida
..........................................................
19.1
18.9
18.6
124,473
2,294,077
18.4
126,796
2,337,633
18.4
130,336
2,381,396
18.3
Georgia
........................................................
16.3
16.5
16.5
86,244
1,375,980
16.0
88,658
1,401,291
15.8
90,638
1,422,762
15.7
Hawaii
..........................................................
17.9
17.8
17.7
10,653
189,887
17.8
10,639
188,069
17.7
10,866
185,860
17.1
Idaho
............................................................
19.1
19.0
18.8
13,207
244,403
18.5
13,426
244,722
18.2
13,641
245,331
18.0
Illinois
...........................................................
17.3
17.1
17.0
118,734
1,998,289
16.8
121,758
2,011,530
16.5
124,815
2,027,600
16.2
Indiana
.........................................................
17.5
17.5
17.3
57,371
986,836
17.2
58,084
989,001
17.0
58,864
988,702
16.8
Iowa
.............................................................
15.8
15.5
15.4
32,700
501,054
15.3
32,822
498,214
15.2
33,480
497,301
14.9
Kansas
.........................................................
15.1
15.1
15.1
31,527
468,687
14.9
32,003
472,353
14.8
32,969
472,188
14.3
Kentucky
......................................................
17.0
16.9
16.7
40,488
669,322
16.5
40,803
655,687
16.1
41,954
648,180
15.4
Louisiana
.....................................................
16.8
17.0
16.8
48,599
776,813
16.0
49,124
768,734
16.6
50,031
756,579
16.6
Maine
...........................................................
13.8
13.9
13.7
15,700
212,579
13.5
15,890
211,051
13.3
16,349
209,253
12.8
Maryland
......................................................
17.0
16.8
17.1
48,318
830,744
17.2
49,840
841,671
16.9
50,995
846,582
16.6
Massachusetts
.............................................
14.8
14.6
14.5
67,170
949,006
14.1
69,752
962,317
13.8
77,596
971,425
12.5
Michigan
......................................................
20.1
19.7
19.1
90,529
1,702,717
18.8
93,220
2
1,720,287
2
18.5
96,111
1,725,617
18.0
Minnesota
....................................................
17.5
17.8
17.6
51,998
853,621
16.4
54,449
856,455
15.7
56,010
854,034
15.2
Mississippi
...................................................
17.5
17.5
17.2
29,441
504,792
17.1
31,140
502,379
16.1
30,722
500,716
16.3
Missouri
.......................................................
15.5
15.4
15.2
60,889
910,613
15.0
62,449
913,494
14.6
63,890
914,110
14.3
Montana
.......................................................
16.3
16.4
16.0
10,228
162,335
15.9
10,221
159,988
15.7
10,353
157,556
15.2
Nebraska
.....................................................
14.5
14.5
14.5
20,065
292,681
14.6
20,310
291,140
14.3
20,766
288,261
13.9
Nevada
........................................................
18.7
19.1
19.1
16,053
296,621
18.5
16,415
311,061
18.9
17,380
325,610
18.7
New
Hampshire
...........................................
15.6
15.7
15.6
12,931
201,629
15.6
13,290
204,713
15.4
14,037
206,783
14.7
New
Jersey
..................................................
13.8
13.8
14.0
89,671
1,250,276
13.9
92,264
1,268,996
13.8
95,883
1,289,256
13.4
New
Mexico
.................................................
17.2
17.0
16.7
19,647
331,673
16.9
19,981
328,753
16.5
19,797
324,495
16.4
New
York
.....................................................
15.2
15.5
15.4
190,874
2,861,823
15.0
197,253
2,877,143
14.6
202,078
2,887,776
14.3
North
Carolina
.............................................
16.2
16.2
16.1
77,785
1,236,083
15.9
79,531
1,254,821
15.8
81,914
1,275,925
15.6
North
Dakota
...............................................
15.3
15.9
15.2
8,070
118,572
14.7
7,974
114,927
14.4
8,150
112,751
13.8
Ohio
.............................................................
16.6
17.1
17.0
110,761
1,847,114
16.7
113,984
1,842,163
16.2
116,200
1,836,554
15.8
Oklahoma
....................................................
15.5
15.7
15.7
40,215
623,681
15.5
40,876
628,492
15.4
41,498
627,032
15.1
Oregon
.........................................................
19.9
19.8
20.1
26,935
541,346
20.1
27,152
542,809
20.0
27,803
545,033
19.6
Pennsylvania
...............................................
17.1
17.0
17.0
108,014
1,815,151
16.8
111,065
1,816,414
16.4
114,525
1,816,716
15.9
Rhode
Island
...............................................
14.7
14.3
14.2
10,598
153,321
14.5
11,124
154,785
13.9
11,041
156,454
14.2
South
Carolina
.............................................
16.4
16.2
15.7
42,336
2
659,273
15.6
43,689
2
664,600
2
15.2
45,468
666,780
14.7
South
Dakota
...............................................
14.4
15.0
14.9
9,282
142,443
15.3
9,273
132,495
14.3
9,384
131,037
14.0
Tennessee
...................................................
18.6
16.7
16.5
54,142
2
893,044
16.5
59,258
2
905,454
2
15.3
60,702
2
916,202
2
15.1
Texas
...........................................................
15.7
15.6
15.5
254,557
3,891,877
15.3
259,739
3,945,367
15.2
267,935
3,991,783
14.9
Utah
.............................................................
24.3
23.8
24.4
21,115
482,957
22.9
21,501
481,176
22.4
21,832
480,255
22.0
Vermont
.......................................................
13.8
13.8
13.7
7,909
105,984
13.4
8,221
105,120
12.8
8,474
104,559
12.3
Virginia
.........................................................
14.6
14.4
14.7
2
77,575
1,110,815
14.3
2
79,323
1,124,022
2
14.2
2
81,073
2
1,133,994
2
14.0
Washington
..................................................
20.2
20.4
20.2
49,074
991,235
20.2
49,671
998,053
20.1
50,368
1,003,714
19.9
West
Virginia
...............................................
14.8
14.6
14.6
20,947
301,419
14.4
20,989
297,530
14.2
21,082
291,811
13.8
Wisconsin
....................................................
15.9
15.8
16.1
55,732
881,780
15.8
61,176
879,542
14.4
60,778
877,753
14.4
Wyoming
......................................................
14.9
14.8
14.7
6,677
97,115
14.5
6,713
95,241
14.2
6,940
92,105
13.3
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
4
...............................
 
 
16.1
5,227
78,254
15.0
5,171
78,170
15.1
7,415
107,585
14.5
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.........................................
20.7
20.0
20.1
762
15,214
20.0
764
15,372
20.1
801
15,477
19.3
Guam
...........................................................
17.6
18.3
21.5
1,363
32,444
23.8
1,052
32,222
30.6
1,809
32,951
18.2
Northern
Marianas
.......................................
20.8
20.9
20.5
483
9,246
19.1
496
9,498
19.1
488
9,732
19.9
Puerto
Rico
..................................................
15.6
16.0
15.6
38,953
617,157
15.8
39,781
613,862
15.4
41,349
613,019
14.8
Virgin
Islands
...............................................
15.1
14.0
14.2
1,559
22,136
14.2
1,567
20,976
13.4
1,528
20,866
13.7
 
Not
available.

1
Data
revised
from
previously
published
data.

2
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting.

3
Data
imputed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
based
on
previous
year's
data.
4
Includes
overseas
schools
only
through
1998.
Data
for
1999
includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.

NOTE:
Teachers
reported
in
full­
time
equivalents.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
79
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
68.
 
Teachers
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
Selected
characteristics
Total
1
Percent
of
teachers,
by
highest
degree
earned
Percent
of
teachers,
by
years
of
full­
time
teaching
experience
No
degree
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Education
specialist
Doctor's
Less
than
3
3
to
9
10
to
20
Over
20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Public
schools
Total
................................................................
2,561,294
0.6
0.2
52.0
42.0
4.6
0.7
9.7
25.5
35.0
29.8
Men
............................................................
694,098
1.3
0.4
46.2
45.7
5.1
1.3
8.9
21.6
29.9
39.6
Women
.......................................................
1,867,195
0.3
0.1
54.1
40.6
4.4
0.5
10.0
26.9
37.0
26.1
Race/
ethnicity
White
..........................................................
2,216,605
0.5
0.1
51.8
42.5
4.4
0.7
9.4
25.5
35.1
30.0
Black
...........................................................
188,371
0.5
0.2
48.4
44.6
5.4
0.9
8.5
20.8
35.5
35.2
Hispanic
......................................................
108,744
0.9
0.5
62.8
29.8
4.6
1.4
16.7
32.1
34.1
17.1
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
............................
27,510
0.9
0.4
49.3
34.7
13.1
1.7
14.9
29.7
29.2
26.2
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
...........
20,064
0.8
0.3
54.9
39.1
4.3
0.6
11.3
27.6
34.5
26.6
Age
Less
than
30
..............................................
280,342
0.5
0.1
83.9
14.5
1.0
0.1
47.8
52.2
(
2)
(
2)
30
to
39
......................................................
573,444
0.5
0.2
59.4
36.6
3.0
0.3
10.5
48.7
40.8
(
2)
40
to
49
......................................................
1,070,459
0.4
0.1
46.3
47.0
5.4
0.7
4.3
16.9
47.5
31.3
50
to
59
......................................................
540,491
0.7
0.2
40.6
51.2
6.1
1.2
1.4
7.8
25.0
65.7
60
or
more
..................................................
96,557
1.5
0.1
43.1
46.2
6.6
2.5
0.8
4.4
19.9
74.9
Level
Elementary
.................................................
1,331,281
0.2
(
2)
55.5
39.7
4.1
0.4
9.7
27.1
35.5
27.7
General
...................................................
938,636
0.3
(
2)
58.0
38.0
3.5
0.3
9.2
26.5
34.9
29.4
English
....................................................
2,093
(
2)
(
2)
46.0
52.3
1.0
0.8
12.5
11.2
17.9
58.4
Mathematics
...........................................
3,372
(
2)
(
2)
74.6
24.4
(
2)
1.0
11.6
13.1
40.9
34.3
Special
education
...................................
127,877
(
2)
(
2)
45.1
46.9
7.2
0.9
11.1
34.1
39.9
15.0
Other
elementary
....................................
259,304
0.3
0.1
51.3
42.6
4.9
0.8
11.1
25.8
35.6
27.5
Secondary
..................................................
1,230,013
0.9
0.3
48.2
44.4
5.1
1.1
9.7
23.8
34.5
32.0
English
....................................................
172,603
0.1
(
2)
48.3
44.8
5.5
1.3
9.2
22.9
33.6
34.3
Mathematics
...........................................
141,051
0.1
(
2)
50.2
45.5
3.4
0.8
9.4
24.3
31.7
34.5
Science
...................................................
132,179
0.2
(
2)
47.9
45.8
4.8
1.2
9.5
26.1
31.2
33.2
Social
studies
.........................................
130,045
0.1
(
2)
47.8
46.0
4.9
1.2
10.3
20.5
28.7
40.5
Special
education
...................................
111,215
0.1
0.1
42.1
49.1
7.2
1.3
9.3
28.8
45.1
16.8
Vocational/
technical
................................
113,269
7.3
2.3
45.2
39.9
4.7
0.5
6.8
23.0
35.7
34.5
Other
secondary
.....................................
429,653
0.5
0.2
50.1
43.0
5.1
1.1
10.7
23.1
35.6
30.7
Private
schools
Total
................................................................
378,365
5.2
1.5
59.0
29.8
2.9
1.7
20.9
33.9
29.6
15.6
Men
............................................................
93,130
4.4
0.9
47.3
40.6
2.6
4.3
21.7
28.2
28.7
21.4
Women
.......................................................
285,235
5.4
1.7
62.8
26.3
3.0
0.8
20.6
35.8
29.9
13.7
Race/
ethnicity
White
..........................................................
347,811
4.8
1.3
59.4
30.2
2.6
1.6
20.4
33.6
30.0
16.0
Black
...........................................................
11,664
8.3
3.7
55.8
26.4
4.8
1.0
26.9
34.9
27.9
10.3
Hispanic
......................................................
12,221
11.1
4.9
57.4
19.9
4.4
2.3
25.5
41.8
21.6
11.1
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
............................
5,167
6.8
0.9
46.1
36.8
5.7
3.6
26.1
34.6
26.6
12.7
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
...........
1,502
3.4
6.0
49.4
16.1
25.1
(
2)
29.4
42.8
17.9
9.9
Age
Less
than
30
..............................................
65,168
7.7
1.6
78.8
10.8
1.0
0.2
54.9
44.9
0.1
(
2)
30
to
39
......................................................
93,999
5.9
1.2
63.1
25.7
2.6
1.4
21.7
51.2
27.1
(
2)
40
to
49
......................................................
131,492
3.9
1.6
54.0
35.1
3.4
2.0
12.6
29.8
45.5
12.1
50
to
59
......................................................
65,691
4.0
1.8
49.7
38.4
3.5
2.5
7.4
15.7
35.7
41.2
60
or
more
..................................................
22,015
5.6
0.9
39.4
46.6
4.4
2.9
6.6
6.5
13.8
73.1
Level
Elementary
.................................................
221,036
7.0
1.7
65.9
21.8
2.8
0.8
21.9
36.0
29.0
13.1
General
...................................................
153,691
6.1
1.3
69.4
19.5
3.2
0.4
17.7
37.4
31.0
14.0
Special
education
...................................
7,652
5.0
0.2
46.4
45.0
3.4
0.0
18.2
46.8
26.5
8.5
Other
elementary
....................................
59,692
9.3
2.9
59.3
24.7
1.6
2.0
33.3
31.2
24.2
11.3
Secondary
..................................................
157,329
2.6
1.2
49.2
41.1
3.0
2.8
19.5
30.9
30.4
19.2
English
....................................................
24,335
1.6
(
2)
51.3
43.1
1.5
2.5
16.3
30.8
31.3
21.7
Mathematics
...........................................
23,238
1.3
0.9
50.1
42.6
3.0
2.2
14.7
31.1
29.3
24.8
Science
...................................................
18,399
0.1
(
2)
49.5
42.3
4.2
4.0
21.3
27.7
31.2
19.9
Social
studies
.........................................
20,059
0.2
0.4
53.5
38.7
4.1
3.1
21.0
27.8
30.8
20.4
Special
education
...................................
6,048
0.1
3.7
56.5
33.7
5.1
0.9
17.8
42.8
29.0
10.4
Vocational/
technical
...............................
2,834
14.0
4.6
40.8
40.6
(
2)
(
2)
12.7
22.6
42.1
22.6
Other
secondary
.....................................
62,415
4.8
2.0
46.3
40.9
2.9
3.1
22.0
32.1
29.7
16.2
1
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
and
may
not
be
strictly
comparable
with
data
reported
elsewhere.

2
Less
than
.05
percent.

NOTE:
Excludes
prekindergarten
teachers.
Data
are
based
on
a
head
count
of
all
teachers
rather
than
on
the
number
of
full­
time­
equivalent
teachers
reported
in
other
tables
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
survey
item
nonresponse
and
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1997,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
80
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
69.
 
Highest
degree
earned,
number
of
years
teaching
experience,
and
average
class
size
for
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1993
 
94
State
Total
1
Percent
of
teachers,
by
highest
degree
2
Percent
of
teachers,
by
years
of
full­
time
teaching
experience
Average
class
size
3
Bachelor's
Master's
Education
specialist
Doctor's
Less
than
3
3
to
9
10
to
20
Over
20
Elementary
Secondary
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
.........
2,561,294
52.0
(
0.3)
42.0
(
0.3)
4.6
(
0.1)
0.7
(
0.1)
9.7
(
0.2)
25.5
(
0.3)
35.0
(
0.3)
29.8
(
0.3)
24.1
(
0.1)
23.6
(
0.1)

Alabama
.......................
44,791
38.5
(
1.9)
52.6
(
1.7)
7.8
(
0.8)
0.7
(
0.3)
11.1
(
0.8)
22.0
(
1.5)
42.2
(
1.9)
24.7
(
1.5)
21.7
(
0.4)
24.2
(
0.2)
Alaska
..........................
8,152
59.0
(
1.1)
35.3
(
1.0)
4.2
(
0.5)
0.2
(
0.1)
8.0
(
0.6)
29.3
(
1.4)
42.7
(
1.4)
20.0
(
1.1)
22.6
(
0.5)
22.0
(
0.5)
Arizona
.........................
37,600
51.4
(
1.8)
43.3
(
1.7)
4.0
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.2)
13.1
(
1.0)
29.1
(
1.6)
38.1
(
1.7)
19.8
(
1.4)
25.8
(
0.4)
25.5
(
0.3)
Arkansas
......................
30,621
64.9
(
2.1)
32.5
(
1.7)
1.8
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.1)
9.2
(
0.8)
27.3
(
1.7)
40.2
(
1.8)
23.3
(
1.6)
21.0
(
0.4)
21.3
(
0.3)
California
......................
209,032
58.6
(
1.8)
32.6
(
1.8)
6.8
(
0.7)
1.0
(
0.2)
9.8
(
0.8)
27.8
(
1.9)
31.8
(
1.7)
30.7
(
1.7)
29.3
(
0.3)
29.7
(
0.4)

Colorado
......................
35,723
46.5
(
1.7)
49.4
(
1.7)
2.5
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.1)
9.4
(
0.8)
26.1
(
1.6)
38.7
(
1.6)
25.7
(
1.4)
24.7
(
0.3)
24.5
(
0.4)
Connecticut
..................
35,465
19.6
(
1.1)
62.4
(
1.5)
15.7
(
0.7)
1.4
(
0.4)
6.4
(
0.6)
19.8
(
1.1)
35.5
(
1.7)
38.3
(
1.6)
21.4
(
0.2)
19.7
(
0.2)
Delaware
......................
7,027
46.0
(
1.6)
48.3
(
1.8)
5.1
(
0.9)
0.2
(
0.1)
7.7
(
1.0)
24.1
(
1.9)
36.2
(
2.3)
32.0
(
2.1)
24.8
(
0.4)
24.1
(
0.4)
District
of
Columbia
.....
5,185
41.2
(
1.8)
54.4
(
1.7)
2.4
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.7)
10.8
(
1.4)
14.7
(
2.1)
30.6
(
2.2)
43.9
(
3.4)
21.8
(
0.3)
20.7
(
0.6)
Florida
..........................
106,535
57.2
(
1.2)
37.0
(
1.2)
3.3
(
0.6)
1.4
(
0.4)
8.7
(
0.9)
29.4
(
1.6)
37.8
(
1.7)
24.0
(
1.4)
26.0
(
0.3)
26.6
(
0.4)

Georgia
........................
74,907
48.9
(
1.5)
42.5
(
1.6)
7.7
(
0.8)
0.2
(
0.1)
13.3
(
1.1)
28.3
(
1.4)
35.6
(
1.4)
22.8
(
1.3)
22.2
(
0.2)
24.2
(
0.3)
Hawaii
..........................
11,137
47.8
(
2.1)
21.7
(
1.5)
27.5
(
2.2)
1.1
(
0.4)
16.2
(
1.4)
28.1
(
1.6)
22.0
(
1.4)
33.7
(
2.2)
23.6
(
0.3)
23.6
(
0.8)
Idaho
............................
12,166
74.4
(
1.6)
21.7
(
1.5)
2.6
(
0.5)
0.6
(
0.2)
12.4
(
1.2)
33.3
(
1.5)
33.7
(
1.3)
20.6
(
1.2)
24.0
(
0.5)
23.7
(
0.4)
Illinois
...........................
111,511
49.7
(
1.3)
46.1
(
1.4)
3.4
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
9.0
(
0.6)
25.1
(
1.0)
30.8
(
1.3)
35.1
(
1.3)
24.5
(
0.3)
24.0
(
0.3)
Indiana
.........................
57,732
21.4
(
1.7)
72.9
(
1.7)
4.9
(
0.6)
0.1
(
0.1)
5.6
(
0.8)
24.7
(
2.0)
37.1
(
2.2)
32.6
(
2.0)
21.9
(
0.4)
23.0
(
0.3)

Iowa
.............................
35,861
67.3
(
1.8)
31.3
(
1.9)
1.2
(
0.5)
0.2
(
0.1)
10.1
(
1.0)
23.3
(
1.7)
32.1
(
2.1)
34.5
(
2.3)
22.5
(
0.6)
21.4
(
0.5)
Kansas
.........................
31,164
53.5
(
1.4)
42.8
(
1.2)
2.3
(
0.5)
1.1
(
0.3)
12.3
(
0.8)
28.2
(
1.3)
35.2
(
1.3)
24.3
(
1.1)
20.6
(
0.3)
20.7
(
0.4)
Kentucky
......................
41,571
23.4
(
2.2)
56.8
(
2.4)
18.7
(
1.5)
0.8
(
0.4)
9.5
(
1.6)
26.8
(
2.3)
32.9
(
2.2)
30.8
(
2.2)
24.4
(
0.9)
23.5
(
0.4)
Louisiana
......................
48,948
60.5
(
1.6)
31.2
(
1.5)
6.9
(
0.7)
0.5
(
0.1)
9.7
(
0.8)
29.8
(
1.3)
35.1
(
1.4)
25.5
(
1.3)
22.9
(
0.3)
23.7
(
0.3)
Maine
...........................
15,658
68.4
(
1.9)
28.4
(
1.9)
1.6
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.1)
7.0
(
0.7)
28.7
(
1.9)
37.4
(
1.8)
26.9
(
1.8)
21.5
(
1.1)
18.5
(
0.4)

Maryland
......................
43,862
43.3
(
1.9)
49.7
(
2.3)
6.2
(
1.1)
0.6
(
0.2)
11.7
(
0.9)
23.6
(
1.6)
32.4
(
1.4)
32.4
(
1.5)
26.3
(
0.7)
25.0
(
0.3)
Massachusetts
.............
58,416
38.8
(
1.2)
54.8
(
1.4)
3.9
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.1)
8.4
(
0.7)
17.1
(
1.0)
33.6
(
1.3)
41.0
(
1.1)
23.1
(
0.4)
20.9
(
0.3)
Michigan
.......................
83,288
46.6
(
1.9)
48.1
(
1.8)
4.7
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.3)
7.4
(
1.0)
21.5
(
1.8)
29.4
(
2.1)
41.9
(
2.2)
27.3
(
1.9)
25.5
(
0.3)
Minnesota
....................
44,150
63.4
(
2.1)
33.6
(
2.0)
2.6
(
0.6)
0.4
(
0.2)
13.0
(
1.1)
20.0
(
1.5)
33.0
(
1.7)
34.0
(
1.8)
24.5
(
1.0)
25.9
(
0.4)
Mississippi
....................
29,851
56.3
(
1.5)
37.5
(
1.7)
4.3
(
0.9)
0.4
(
0.2)
10.5
(
0.8)
22.8
(
1.4)
39.8
(
1.8)
26.9
(
1.2)
23.6
(
0.4)
22.5
(
0.4)

Missouri
........................
62,454
54.3
(
2.0)
42.4
(
1.9)
2.2
(
0.5)
0.6
(
0.2)
10.6
(
1.1)
26.9
(
2.0)
37.2
(
2.2)
25.3
(
1.9)
23.7
(
0.5)
22.5
(
0.4)
Montana
.......................
12,851
71.3
(
1.3)
26.0
(
1.1)
1.8
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.2)
11.1
(
0.7)
27.5
(
1.3)
39.0
(
1.3)
22.5
(
1.1)
21.2
(
0.8)
19.3
(
0.4)
Nebraska
......................
20,411
61.5
(
1.7)
36.0
(
1.6)
1.9
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.2)
10.1
(
1.0)
24.4
(
1.4)
39.0
(
1.1)
26.5
(
1.6)
20.0
(
0.8)
18.7
(
0.4)
Nevada
.........................
12,822
50.5
(
2.2)
42.8
(
2.3)
5.7
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.3)
12.0
(
1.1)
33.2
(
2.4)
35.0
(
1.8)
19.8
(
1.8)
24.4
(
0.7)
26.6
(
0.6)
New
Hampshire
...........
12,299
60.2
(
2.0)
35.9
(
1.9)
2.6
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.3)
10.6
(
1.2)
26.8
(
1.7)
38.2
(
1.6)
24.4
(
1.6)
21.8
(
0.4)
20.5
(
0.4)

New
Jersey
..................
83,935
56.2
(
2.9)
37.4
(
2.7)
4.8
(
1.0)
1.0
(
0.3)
5.8
(
0.8)
21.1
(
2.0)
34.6
(
2.4)
38.5
(
1.9)
23.2
(
0.8)
20.5
(
0.4)
New
Mexico
.................
19,265
53.2
(
1.6)
43.6
(
1.6)
2.2
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.2)
12.5
(
1.0)
32.5
(
1.4)
33.9
(
1.6)
21.1
(
1.5)
21.9
(
0.3)
24.5
(
0.4)
New
York
.....................
178,701
25.0
(
1.9)
68.1
(
1.9)
5.3
(
0.8)
1.5
(
0.6)
10.3
(
1.2)
23.9
(
1.7)
29.7
(
1.6)
36.1
(
2.0)
23.9
(
0.4)
23.2
(
0.4)
North
Carolina
..............
72,305
61.8
(
1.5)
35.0
(
1.6)
1.2
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
9.7
(
0.7)
26.6
(
1.4)
38.8
(
1.3)
25.0
(
1.3)
24.8
(
0.2)
22.4
(
0.3)
North
Dakota
................
8,404
79.3
(
1.1)
18.0
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
12.1
(
1.0)
27.2
(
1.0)
37.7
(
1.5)
23.0
(
1.4)
20.7
(
0.7)
19.7
(
0.5)

Ohio
.............................
111,518
53.2
(
2.2)
41.8
(
2.3)
3.1
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.2)
6.8
(
0.8)
23.2
(
1.8)
38.6
(
2.1)
31.4
(
2.1)
25.0
(
1.2)
22.3
(
0.4)
Oklahoma
.....................
42,220
56.9
(
1.8)
39.5
(
1.9)
3.2
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.2)
10.4
(
0.8)
27.0
(
1.7)
41.2
(
1.8)
21.5
(
1.1)
20.5
(
0.4)
20.5
(
0.3)
Oregon
.........................
25,706
51.5
(
1.9)
43.1
(
1.9)
4.0
(
0.9)
0.8
(
0.5)
7.4
(
0.8)
27.0
(
1.6)
39.6
(
1.7)
26.0
(
1.7)
24.4
(
0.3)
23.9
(
0.4)
Pennsylvania
................
114,571
46.7
(
2.3)
45.6
(
1.9)
6.9
(
1.2)
0.3
(
0.2)
6.9
(
1.0)
18.3
(
2.0)
33.0
(
2.2)
41.8
(
2.2)
25.2
(
0.6)
24.1
(
0.3)
Rhode
Island
................
9,217
40.1
(
2.5)
53.3
(
2.4)
5.7
(
0.9)
1.0
(
0.5)
7.2
(
1.1)
21.9
(
1.8)
28.6
(
1.7)
42.3
(
2.0)
23.2
(
0.6)
20.8
(
0.5)

South
Carolina
.............
39,623
48.8
(
2.5)
43.4
(
2.6)
5.6
(
0.9)
0.7
(
0.3)
10.5
(
1.4)
25.1
(
1.9)
42.3
(
1.9)
22.1
(
1.7)
23.3
(
0.7)
22.5
(
0.4)
South
Dakota
...............
10,579
75.1
(
1.2)
23.2
(
1.1)
1.5
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
10.4
(
0.7)
28.6
(
1.2)
37.3
(
1.1)
23.8
(
1.2)
19.2
(
0.3)
20.9
(
0.4)
Tennessee
...................
47,662
51.2
(
2.0)
42.0
(
2.0)
4.8
(
0.8)
1.2
(
0.4)
12.4
(
1.1)
22.9
(
1.9)
35.5
(
2.0)
29.2
(
2.2)
24.4
(
1.2)
25.2
(
0.4)
Texas
...........................
223,800
69.7
(
1.3)
26.8
(
1.5)
1.8
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.5)
12.1
(
0.9)
30.1
(
1.5)
37.5
(
1.4)
20.4
(
1.4)
20.1
(
0.2)
22.5
(
0.4)
Utah
.............................
19,884
70.6
(
1.4)
23.5
(
1.3)
4.2
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.1)
12.7
(
0.8)
32.8
(
1.4)
36.1
(
1.4)
18.3
(
1.0)
27.5
(
0.4)
28.8
(
0.2)

Vermont
.......................
7,327
49.4
(
1.8)
47.5
(
1.8)
2.1
(
0.8)
0.5
(
0.4)
12.3
(
1.5)
25.3
(
1.9)
34.4
(
1.9)
28.0
(
1.8)
19.7
(
0.8)
19.2
(
0.4)
Virginia
.........................
64,937
64.4
(
2.1)
31.3
(
2.0)
2.4
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.2)
10.5
(
1.2)
26.0
(
2.2)
37.5
(
2.0)
26.1
(
1.9)
22.6
(
0.3)
21.6
(
0.3)
Washington
..................
48,452
56.3
(
1.9)
37.5
(
2.2)
3.6
(
0.9)
1.0
(
0.3)
10.8
(
0.9)
30.1
(
2.0)
32.2
(
1.9)
26.9
(
1.6)
25.9
(
1.3)
25.5
(
0.2)
West
Virginia
................
21,473
41.7
(
1.7)
53.1
(
1.7)
4.3
(
0.6)
 
 
4.4
(
0.8)
21.6
(
1.6)
42.7
(
1.5)
31.4
(
1.7)
20.9
(
0.5)
22.5
(
0.3)
Wisconsin
.....................
62,958
59.3
(
1.7)
38.1
(
1.6)
1.7
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.3)
9.1
(
0.8)
24.7
(
1.8)
29.5
(
2.2)
36.7
(
2.2)
23.1
(
0.4)
23.1
(
0.4)
Wyoming
......................
7,567
71.3
(
1.0)
26.5
(
0.9)
1.4
(
0.3)
0.4
(
0.1)
9.4
(
0.8)
22.6
(
1.2)
41.6
(
1.3)
26.5
(
1.3)
21.0
(
0.3)
19.3
(
0.3)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
are
based
on
a
head
count
of
all
teachers
rather
than
on
the
number
of
fulltime
equivalent
teachers
appearing
in
other
tables.

2
Teachers
with
less
than
a
bachelor's
degree
are
not
shown.

3
Elementary
teachers
are
those
who
taught
self­
contained
classes
at
the
elementary
level
and
secondary
teachers
are
those
who
taught
departmentalized
classes
(
e.
g.,
science,
art,
social
science,
or
other
course
subjects)
at
the
secondary
level.
Excludes
special
education
teachers.
Teachers
were
classified
as
elementary
or
secondary
on
the
basis
of
the
grades
they
taught,
rather
than
on
the
level
of
the
school
in
which
they
taught.

NOTE:
Excludes
prekindergarten
teachers.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94;''
and
Condition
of
Education,
1997,
Supplemental
Tables.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
1998,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
81
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
70.
 
Selected
characteristics
of
public
school
teachers:
Spring
1961
to
spring
1996
Item
1961
1966
1971
1976
1981
1986
1991
1996
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Number
of
teachers,
in
thousands
............
1,408
1,710
2,055
2,196
2,185
2,206
2,398
2,164
Sex
(
percent)
Men
......................................................................
31.3
31.1
34.3
32.9
33.1
31.2
27.9
25.6
Women
.................................................................
68.7
68.9
65.7
67.1
66.9
68.8
72.1
74.4
Median
age
(
years)
All
teachers
..........................................................
41
36
35
33
37
41
42
44
Men
......................................................................
34
33
33
33
38
42
43
46
Women
.................................................................
46
40
37
33
36
41
42
44
Race
(
percent)
White
....................................................................
 
 
88.3
90.8
91.6
89.6
86.8
90.7
Black
.....................................................................
 
 
8.1
8.0
7.8
6.9
8.0
7.3
Other
....................................................................
 
 
3.6
1.2
0.7
3.4
5.2
2.0
Marital
status
(
percent)
Single
...................................................................
22.3
22.0
19.5
20.1
18.5
12.9
11.7
12.4
Married
.................................................................
68.0
69.1
71.9
71.3
73.0
75.7
75.7
75.9
Widowed,
divorced,
or
separated
........................
9.7
9.0
8.6
8.6
8.5
11.4
12.6
11.8
Highest
degree
held
(
percent)
1
Less
than
bachelor's
............................................
14.6
7.0
2.9
0.9
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.3
Bachelor's
.............................................................
61.9
69.6
69.6
61.6
50.1
48.3
46.3
43.6
Master's
or
specialist
degree
...............................
23.1
23.2
27.1
37.1
49.3
50.7
52.6
54.5
Doctor's
................................................................
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.7
0.5
1.7
College
credits
earned
in
last
3
years
Percent
who
earned
credits
.................................
 
 
60.7
63.2
56.1
53.1
50.3
50.2
Mean
number
of
credits
earned
2
........................
 
 
14
 
9
4
4
 
Median
years
of
teaching
experience
..........................
11
8
8
8
12
15
15
15
Teaching
for
first
year
(
percent)
...................................
8.0
9.1
9.1
5.5
2.4
3.1
3.0
2.1
Average
number
of
pupils
per
class
Elementary
teachers,
not
departmentalized
........
29
28
27
25
25
24
24
24
Elementary
teachers,
departmentalized
..............
 
 
25
23
22
 
 
 
Secondary
teachers
.............................................
28
26
27
25
23
25
26
31
Mean
number
of
students
taught
per
day
by
secondary
teachers
........................................
138
132
134
126
118
94
93
97
Average
number
of
hours
in
required
school
day
........
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.3
Average
number
of
hours
per
week
spent
on
all
teaching
duties
All
teachers
...................................................
47
47
47
46
46
49
47
49
Elementary
teachers
.....................................
49
47
46
44
44
47
44
47
Secondary
teachers
......................................
46
48
48
48
48
51
50
52
Average
number
of
days
of
classroom
teaching
in
school
year
.......................................................
 
181
181
180
180
180
180
180
Average
number
of
nonteaching
days
in
school
year
.......................................................
 
5
4
5
6
5
5
6
In
current
dollars
Average
annual
salary
as
classroom
teacher
..............
3
$
5,264
$
6,253
$
9,261
$
12,005
$
17,209
$
24,504
$
31,790
$
35,549
Total
income,
including
spouse's
(
if
married)
..............
 
 
$
15,021
$
19,957
$
29,831
$
43,413
$
55,491
$
63,171
Willingness
to
teach
again
(
percent)
Certainly
would
.....................................................
49.9
52.6
44.9
37.5
21.8
22.7
28.6
32.1
Probably
would
.....................................................
26.9
25.4
29.5
26.1
24.6
26.3
30.5
30.5
Chances
about
even
............................................
12.5
12.9
13.0
17.5
17.6
19.8
18.5
17.3
Probably
would
not
..............................................
7.9
7.1
8.9
13.4
24.0
22.0
17.0
15.8
Certainly
would
not
..............................................
2.8
2.0
3.7
5.6
12.0
9.3
5.4
4.3
 
Not
available.

1
Figures
for
curriculum
specialist
or
professional
diploma
based
on
six
years
of
college
study
are
not
included.

2
Measured
in
semester
hours.

3
Includes
extra
pay
for
extra
duties.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
public
school
teachers.
Data
differ
from
figures
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
processing
procedures
and
time
period
coverages.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
``
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher,
1995
 
96.''
(
Copyright
 
1997
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)
82
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
71.
 
Public
secondary
school
teachers,
by
subject
taught:
Spring
1966
to
spring
1996
[
Percentage
distribution]

Teaching
field
in
which
largest
portion
of
time
was
spent
1966
1971
1976
1981
1986
1991
1996
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Total
secondary
school
teachers,
in
thousands
..........................................
746
927
1,016
995
970
1,012
1,049
Percent
distribution,
by
field
of
study
All
fields
.................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Agriculture
...................................................
1.6
0.6
0.6
1.1
0.6
0.3
0.5
Art
...............................................................
2.0
3.7
2.4
3.1
1.5
2.6
3.3
Business
education
....................................
7.0
5.9
4.6
6.2
6.5
3.5
4.1
English
........................................................
18.1
20.4
19.9
23.8
21.8
25.0
23.9
Foreign
language
........................................
6.4
4.8
4.2
2.8
3.7
3.8
5.2
Health
and
physical
education
...................
6.9
8.3
7.9
6.5
5.6
7.5
5.9
Home
economics
........................................
5.9
5.1
2.8
3.6
2.6
3.1
2.2
Industrial
arts
..............................................
5.1
4.1
3.9
5.2
2.2
2.1
0.5
Mathematics
...............................................
13.9
14.4
18.2
15.3
19.2
14.5
17.2
Music
..........................................................
4.7
3.8
3.0
3.7
4.8
4.2
4.3
Science
.......................................................
10.8
10.6
13.1
12.1
11.0
13.3
12.6
Social
studies
.............................................
15.3
14.0
12.4
11.2
13.6
11.0
13.4
Special
education
.......................................
0.4
1.1
3.0
2.1
3.5
5.2
1.7
Other
...........................................................
1.9
3.1
4.0
3.3
3.4
3.9
5.2
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
public
school
teachers.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher,
1995
 
96.
(
Copyright
 
1997
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)

Table
72.
 
Percent
of
vocational
and
nonvocational
public
school
teachers
of
grades
9
to
12,
by
selected
demographic
and
educational
characteristics:
1993
 
94
Characteristics
of
teachers
Total
Teacher
type
Characteristics
of
teachers
Total
Teacher
type
Nonvocational
Vocational
Nonvocational
Vocational
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Total
..................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sex
Major
field
of
study
Male
..................................................................
48.3
46.2
63.2
Business
and
management
..............................
1.1
0.7
6.5
Female
.............................................................
51.7
53.8
36.8
Education
..........................................................
52.4
50.3
75.2
Academic
area
...............................................
26.7
28.6
5.3
English
education
.......................................
5.2
5.7
0.3
Race/
ethnicity
Music
education
.........................................
3.4
3.7
0.2
White
................................................................
88.8
88.9
88.5
Physical
education
.....................................
9.1
9.5
3.8
Black
.................................................................
6.0
5.9
7.1
Other
academic
area
.................................
9.0
9.7
1.0
Hispanic
............................................................
3.4
3.5
2.8
Administration
................................................
5.3
5.1
7.0
Asian
................................................................
0.9
0.9
0.8
General
..........................................................
4.5
4.6
3.3
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.................
0.8
0.8
0.8
Special
education
..........................................
6.8
7.3
1.3
Vocational
education
.....................................
6.5
3.7
37.2
Other
education
.............................................
7.9
6.7
21.5
Age
English
..............................................................
4.1
4.4
0.3
Under
30
years
................................................
9.8
10.3
6.4
Foreign
language
..............................................
4.7
5.1
0.1
30
to
39
years
..................................................
22.1
22.3
20.8
Mathematics
......................................................
3.2
3.5
0.6
40
to
49
years
..................................................
40.7
40.7
40.6
Sciences
............................................................
7.8
8.1
4.3
50
years
and
over
............................................
27.5
26.8
32.2
Social
sciences
and
history
..............................
10.0
10.7
1.8
Visual
and
performing
arts
................................
2.6
2.7
1.0
Other
.................................................................
6.1
6.2
5.5
Highest
college
degree
Age
at
which
first
began
to
Less
than
a
bachelor's
degree
........................
1.7
0.5
10.3
teach
full­
time
or
part­
time
Bachelor's
degree
............................................
46.6
47.0
43.5
25
or
under
....................................................
75.7
75.6
76.5
Master's
degree
...............................................
45.4
46.2
39.8
26
to
35
.........................................................
22.1
22.1
21.7
Education
specialist
.........................................
5.3
5.2
5.6
36
to
45
.........................................................
2.2
2.2
1.9
Doctorate
or
first
professional
..........................
1.1
1.1
0.7
46
to
55
.........................................................
0.1
0.1
0.0
NOTE:
Education
specialist
degrees
or
certificates
are
generally
awarded
for
one
year's
work
beyond
the
master's
level.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
83
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
73.
 
Teachers'
perceptions
about
serious
problems
in
their
schools,
by
type
and
control
of
school:
1990
 
91
and
1993
 
94
Problem
area
Percent
of
teachers
indicating
item
is
a
serious
problem
Public
school
teachers
Private
school
teachers
1990
 
91
1993
 
94
1990
 
91
1993
 
94
Total
Total
Elementary
schools
Secondary
schools
Combined
schools
Total
Total
Elementary
schools
Secondary
schools
Combined
schools
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Student
tardiness
..........................................
11.2
10.5
6.3
18.3
7.8
3.4
2.6
1.8
4.3
2.6
Student
absenteeism
....................................
14.1
14.4
7.2
27.1
15.0
2.6
2.2
0.8
5.2
2.7
Teacher
absenteeism
...................................
1.6
1.5
1.3
1.9
2.0
0.7
0.8
0.7
1.2
0.9
Students
cutting
class
...................................
4.6
5.1
1.3
11.9
4.6
0.7
0.7
0.2
2.4
0.7
Physical
conflicts
among
students
...............
6.5
8.2
7.8
8.6
8.1
1.1
1.5
0.9
2.1
2.1
Robbery
or
theft
............................................
3.4
4.1
3.0
5.8
3.6
0.8
0.8
0.4
1.4
1.1
Vandalism
of
school
property
.......................
5.4
6.7
5.2
9.0
5.9
0.9
1.2
0.9
2.0
1.2
Student
pregnancy
........................................
6.4
7.3
1.1
18.4
10.1
0.3
0.4
0.2
1.1
0.4
Student
use
of
alcohol
..................................
8.2
9.3
1.6
23.1
14.2
2.4
3.1
0.3
11.0
2.7
Student
drug
abuse
......................................
4.2
5.7
1.0
14.2
7.1
0.5
1.3
0.2
4.0
1.4
Student
possession
of
weapons
...................
1.2
2.8
1.2
5.6
2.7
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.3
Verbal
abuse
of
teachers
.............................
7.5
11.1
8.6
14.8
14.3
1.7
2.3
0.7
2.8
4.4
Student
disrespect
for
teachers
....................
13.0
18.5
15.3
23.6
20.3
2.9
3.4
2.2
4.2
4.7
Students
dropping
out
..................................
6.3
5.8
1.2
14.1
7.7
0.2
0.6
0.3
1.3
0.7
Student
apathy
..............................................
20.6
23.6
15.6
38.0
28.9
4.1
4.5
2.2
9.7
5.1
Lack
of
academic
challenge
.........................
5.7
6.5
4.2
10.4
9.9
1.3
1.5
1.0
2.5
1.6
Lack
of
parental
involvement
........................
25.4
27.6
23.0
34.5
35.5
4.3
4.0
2.8
7.1
4.7
Parental
alcoholism/
drug
abuse
...................
12.0
13.1
12.9
12.3
18.7
2.2
2.6
1.6
4.2
3.4
Poverty
..........................................................
17.1
19.5
20.8
15.9
26.8
2.0
2.7
2.2
3.2
3.0
Racial
tension
...............................................
3.8
5.1
4.0
6.7
5.5
0.7
0.9
0.6
1.7
0.8
Students
come
unprepared
to
learn
.............
 
28.8
24.3
36.0
30.9
 
4.1
2.6
7.6
4.6
 
Not
available.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,''
1990
 
91
and
1993
 
94.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)

Table
74.
 
Teachers'
perceptions
about
teaching
and
school
conditions,
by
type
and
control
of
school:
1993
 
94
Statement
Percent
of
teachers
somewhat
agreeing
or
strongly
agreeing
with
statement
Public
school
teachers
Private
school
teachers
Total
Elementary
schools
Secondary
schools
Combined
schools
Total
Elementary
schools
Secondary
schools
Combined
schools
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
The
school
administration's
behavior
toward
the
staff
is
supportive
...............
79.2
80.7
76.8
77.0
88.2
89.4
83.3
88.7
My
principal
enforces
school
rules
for
student
conduct
and
backs
me
up
when
I
need
it
...............................................................................................
80.8
82.0
78.6
81.4
88.4
89.3
84.4
88.5
The
principal
lets
staff
members
know
what
is
expected
of
them
...................
85.6
86.9
83.5
82.1
88.2
89.1
86.6
88.2
Principal
talks
to
me
frequently
about
my
instructional
practices
....................
44.3
49.0
35.6
45.7
54.0
58.3
41.2
53.7
Goals
and
priorities
for
the
school
are
clear
....................................................
82.8
85.4
78.1
79.3
90.2
90.9
88.3
90.2
Teachers
in
this
school
are
evaluated
fairly
....................................................
87.9
88.6
86.6
85.3
89.8
90.4
87.3
90.3
In
this
school,
staff
members
are
recognized
for
a
job
well
done
...................
67.9
71.7
61.7
62.6
81.1
82.4
74.7
82.1
Principal
knows
what
kind
of
school
he/
she
wants
and
has
communicated
it
to
the
staff
.........................................................................
80.5
82.8
76.7
77.1
88.6
89.1
85.5
89.9
Principal
does
a
poor
job
in
getting
resources
for
this
school
.........................
16.1
15.1
18.1
19.6
10.5
10.6
12.9
8.7
Most
of
my
colleagues
share
my
beliefs
and
values
about
what
the
central
mission
of
the
school
should
be
...................................................................
84.2
87.3
79.1
81.4
93.2
95.0
88.4
93.7
Teachers
participate
in
making
most
of
the
important
education
decisions
in
this
school
.................................................................................
58.3
62.8
50.3
58.4
74.0
75.1
66.1
75.3
There
is
a
great
deal
of
cooperative
effort
among
staff
..................................
77.5
80.9
71.8
76.3
90.5
90.3
86.2
93.0
I
receive
a
great
deal
of
support
from
parents
for
the
work
I
do
.....................
52.5
58.4
43.2
47.4
84.6
87.3
77.7
83.1
I
make
a
conscious
effort
to
coordinate
the
content
of
my
courses
with
that
of
other
teachers
...........................................................................................
85.0
88.0
79.8
82.9
85.2
86.6
78.5
86.1
Routine
duties
and
paperwork
interfere
with
my
job
of
teaching
....................
70.8
70.9
71.4
65.7
40.1
40.5
45.2
36.2
I
have
to
follow
rules
in
this
school
that
conflict
with
my
best
professional
judgement
.................................................................................
24.2
22.0
27.4
26.4
15.0
15.1
19.1
13.0
Level
of
student
misbehavior
in
this
school
interferes
with
my
teaching
........
44.1
42.9
45.5
43.9
22.4
22.7
20.2
25.1
Amount
of
student
tardiness
and
class
cutting
in
this
school
interferes
with
my
teaching
...........................................................................
27.9
18.4
45.3
24.6
8.6
6.4
13.4
9.2
Rules
for
student
behavior
are
consistently
enforced
by
teachers
in
this
school,
even
for
students
who
are
not
in
their
classes
................................
61.8
70.9
45.8
59.5
77.6
83.1
63.6
77.0
I
am
satisfied
with
my
class
sizes
....................................................................
64.9
62.9
68.2
78.1
84.4
82.2
84.0
89.3
I
am
satisfied
with
my
teaching
salary
.............................................................
44.9
44.1
47.2
43.1
41.6
35.5
43.6
49.5
I
sometimes
feel
it
is
a
waste
of
time
to
try
to
do
my
best
as
a
teacher
........
26.8
23.4
32.6
30.8
13.4
12.1
16.5
13.7
I
plan
with
the
librarian/
media
specialist
for
the
integration
of
services
into
my
teaching
.............................................................................
66.9
67.8
65.8
64.5
60.6
58.6
65.4
61.2
Library/
media
materials
are
adequate
to
support
my
instructional
objectives
......................................................................................................
65.6
64.9
67.7
59.9
61.0
56.4
67.2
63.4
Necessary
materials
are
available
as
needed
by
staff
....................................
73.1
73.7
73.0
72.3
85.7
84.5
85.3
87.3
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
84
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
75.
 
Mobility
of
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
teachers,
by
selected
school
and
teacher
characteristics:
1987
 
88
to
1994
 
95
Characteristic
Percentage
distribution
of
public
school
teachers
Percentage
distribution
of
private
school
teachers
1987
 
88
to
1988
 
89
1990
 
91
to
1991
 
92
1993
 
94
to
1994
 
95
1987
 
88
to
1988
 
89
1990
 
91
to
1991
 
92
1993
 
94
to
1994
 
95
Remained
teaching
in
the
same
school
Remained
in
teaching
but
changed
schools
Left
teaching
Remained
teaching
in
the
same
school
Remained
in
teaching
but
changed
schools
Left
teaching
Remained
teaching
in
the
same
school
Remained
in
teaching
but
changed
schools
Left
teaching
Left
teaching
Left
teaching
Remained
teaching
in
the
same
school
Remained
in
teaching
but
changed
schools
Left
teaching
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total
..........................................
86.5
7.9
5.6
87.6
7.3
5.1
86.3
7.2
6.6
12.7
12.3
82.3
5.8
11.9
Sex
Male
......................................
87.7
7.3
5.1
89.1
6.4
4.5
88.2
6.6
5.2
10.2
12.1
82.1
4.8
13.1
Female
..................................
86.1
8.1
5.8
87.1
7.6
5.3
85.6
7.4
7.1
13.4
12.3
82.4
6.1
11.6
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.............
86.5
7.8
5.7
87.6
7.3
5.1
86.7
6.8
6.5
12.1
12.0
82.5
5.7
11.7
Total
minority
........................
87.0
8.6
4.4
87.5
7.1
5.3
83.7
9.5
6.8
21.4
15.4
79.2
 
14.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
86.2
8.8
5.1
85.5
8.3
6.1
84.9
8.5
6.6
34.7
19.3
82.3
 
12.6
Hispanic
............................
88.9
8.2
2.9
89.6
6.0
4.4
79.4
11.5
9.1
21.3
13.6
77.2
 
14.6
Age
Less
than
25
.........................
78.7
17.0
4.3
73.8
17.2
9.1
81.1
15.2
3.8
19.0
23.8
67.4
12.6
20.0
25
to
29
................................
75.0
16.1
9.0
76.6
14.3
9.0
76.3
13.7
10.0
17.6
17.8
76.1
10.8
13.1
30
to
39
................................
85.2
9.0
5.8
85.9
9.9
4.2
84.8
8.6
6.7
12.4
13.7
77.6
7.5
14.9
40
to
49
................................
91.2
6.4
2.4
92.5
5.5
2.0
89.9
6.1
3.9
10.5
7.7
87.2
4.1
8.7
50
to
59
................................
90.4
3.9
5.7
89.3
4.0
6.7
88.9
4.8
6.3
11.3
9.6
89.3
2.4
8.2
60
to
64
................................
72.0
4.5
23.4
71.0
2.2
26.8
68.0
1.5
30.5
16.9
17.8
84.9
2.0
13.1
65
and
over
..........................
83.3
 
16.7
48.9
10.3
40.9
63.2
 
34.1
7.9
20.7
56.6
 
41.9
Full­
time
teaching
experience
Less
than
1
year
..................
76.9
11.5
11.6
51.5
31.3
17.2
79.7
11.1
9.3
27.4
28.4
70.3
7.6
22.1
1
to
3
years
..........................
77.4
14.3
8.3
79.7
13.1
7.2
79.6
12.7
7.8
15.9
16.7
72.3
10.3
17.3
1
year
................................
77.3
14.2
8.5
79.0
12.6
8.4
81.2
12.4
6.4
18.8
18.8
66.7
11.6
21.7
2
years
..............................
78.8
13.6
7.6
78.7
14.1
7.1
76.4
14.6
9.1
14.6
15.8
71.9
11.2
17.0
3
years
..............................
76.0
15.2
8.8
81.6
12.4
5.9
81.4
10.8
7.8
14.3
14.7
79.8
7.8
12.4
4
to
9
years
..........................
82.9
11.1
6.0
84.8
9.9
5.3
83.0
9.9
7.1
12.8
12.7
81.2
7.0
11.9
10
to
19
years
......................
89.3
6.7
4.0
91.0
6.5
2.4
89.1
6.6
4.4
11.4
6.2
89.7
2.4
7.9
20
to
24
years
......................
93.6
4.1
2.2
93.3
3.3
3.4
92.5
2.8
4.6
7.4
4.7
92.3
2.5
5.2
25
years
or
more
..................
84.9
4.1
11.0
85.9
3.1
11.0
84.9
4.1
11.1
7.4
14.6
85.5
2.9
11.6
Level
taught
Elementary
...........................
85.0
9.5
5.5
87.1
8.1
4.8
86.0
7.6
6.4
12.5
11.3
82.4
6.1
11.5
Secondary
............................
88.1
6.2
5.6
88.2
6.4
5.5
86.6
6.7
6.7
12.9
13.3
82.2
5.2
12.6
School
size
Less
than
150
.......................
85.6
9.8
4.5
86.6
8.1
5.3
78.6
10.3
11.1
19.4
17.0
76.0
7.9
16.2
150
to
299
............................
84.6
9.9
5.4
88.0
7.7
4.3
85.8
7.0
7.1
12.1
13.8
79.6
8.0
12.4
300
to
499
............................
86.9
7.5
5.6
85.8
8.5
5.7
86.2
7.3
6.5
10.2
7.7
84.3
3.2
12.5
500
to
749
............................
86.8
7.5
5.7
87.7
7.6
4.7
85.3
7.1
7.6
9.2
9.8
89.6
3.3
7.1
750
or
more
..........................
87.7
7.4
4.9
88.6
6.1
5.4
87.7
6.6
5.7
12.8
6.7
89.6
4.2
6.2
Percent
minority
enrollment
Less
than
5%
.......................
88.0
6.9
5.1
89.6
5.7
4.6
87.1
4.9
8.0
13.2
11.5
83.9
5.1
11.0
5
to
19%
...............................
86.6
7.6
5.8
88.1
6.4
5.5
87.3
6.7
6.0
10.3
12.2
84.8
4.2
11.1
20
to
49%
.............................
87.3
7.6
5.2
85.6
8.6
5.9
86.6
7.2
6.2
18.9
12.2
77.0
7.4
15.6
50%
or
more
.........................
85.0
9.7
5.3
86.2
8.9
4.9
83.6
9.6
6.8
13.6
13.1
75.8
10.9
13.2
Community
type
Central
city
...........................
 
 
 
86.3
8.6
5.2
86.1
7.6
6.3
 
12.7
83.4
5.7
10.9
Urban
fringe/
small
town
.......
 
 
 
87.2
7.3
5.5
86.3
7.2
6.5
 
10.6
81.9
5.5
12.6
Rural/
small
town
...................
 
 
 
88.8
6.4
4.8
86.4
6.8
6.8
 
13.9
80.0
6.4
13.6
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Characteristics
of
Stayers,
Movers,
and
Leavers:
Results
from
the
Teacher
Followup
Survey:
1994
 
95.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1997.)
85
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
76.
 
Average
salaries
for
full­
time
teachers
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
Selected
characteristics
Total
earned
income
Base
salary
Number
of
full­
time
teachers
School
year
supplemental
contract
Supplemental
contract
during
summer
Number
of
teachers
with
nonschool
employment
Number
of
teachers
Supplemental
salary
Number
of
teachers
Supplemental
salary
Teaching
or
tutor
Education
related
Not
education
related
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Public
schools
Total
1
...............................................................
$
36,498
$
34,153
2,340,443
815,827
$
2,075
401,516
$
2,070
118,603
80,014
237,177
Men
..............................................................
41,031
36,182
642,807
348,855
2,923
147,299
2,530
37,297
39,150
124,487
Women
.........................................................
34,781
33,384
1,697,636
466,972
1,442
254,218
1,803
81,305
40,863
112,689
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....................................
36,576
34,221
2,012,142
722,694
2,067
328,492
2,015
100,017
68,991
208,306
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....................................
36,200
33,889
181,896
48,968
2,325
40,819
2,221
10,734
5,490
16,336
Hispanic
.......................................................
35,197
32,996
102,965
31,653
1,930
24,122
2,477
5,817
3,644
7,337
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
..............................
38,292
36,134
25,383
6,391
1,873
5,381
2,285
1,298
910
2,327
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.............
35,635
32,994
18,057
6,121
2,068
2,703
2,305
737
979
2,871
Age
Less
than
30
................................................
27,151
24,737
258,692
113,918
1,777
51,862
1,819
11,924
8,078
28,228
30
to
39
........................................................
31,596
29,270
517,638
204,607
2,163
102,314
1,942
24,860
19,623
49,690
40
to
49
........................................................
38,106
35,751
974,299
328,974
2,107
161,320
2,053
50,193
34,480
100,528
50
or
more
...................................................
42,243
39,931
589,815
168,328
2,109
86,021
2,404
31,625
17,833
58,730
Years
of
teaching
experience
First
year
......................................................
26,641
23,544
99,833
35,238
1,573
16,007
2,516
4,554
2,463
13,210
2
to
4
years
..................................................
27,217
25,089
272,905
109,127
1,660
54,192
1,806
10,991
9,575
30,150
5
to
9
years
..................................................
30,709
28,451
388,370
145,326
1,998
79,198
2,046
23,195
11,272
36,451
10
to
14
years
..............................................
33,805
31,792
355,460
114,950
2,110
58,360
2,003
16,150
12,281
30,036
15
to
19
years
..............................................
37,984
35,809
380,168
131,094
2,177
65,105
1,842
19,878
14,175
35,835
20
or
more
years
.........................................
43,796
41,215
843,707
280,091
2,279
128,653
2,285
43,835
30,248
91,495
Level
Elementary
...................................................
34,944
33,517
1,193,257
254,890
1,503
170,059
1,801
47,820
27,084
90,749
Secondary
....................................................
38,114
34,815
1,147,186
560,937
2,335
231,457
2,267
70,783
52,930
146,427
Private
schools
Total
1
...............................................................
$
24,053
$
21,968
302,431
64,063
$
1,894
62,847
$
2,122
20,237
11,424
34,099
Men
..............................................................
30,215
26,120
72,264
27,418
2,408
21,317
2,584
3,993
4,969
14,283
Women
.........................................................
22,118
20,669
230,167
36,645
1,509
41,530
1,885
16,244
6,456
19,816
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....................................
24,084
22,000
278,749
59,475
1,903
55,950
2,109
18,461
10,677
31,724
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....................................
23,043
20,796
8,946
1,350
2,451
3,024
2,173
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Hispanic
.......................................................
22,256
20,672
9,862
2,013
1,209
2,269
2,298
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
..............................
28,505
25,861
3,786
997
2,054
1,185
2,643
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.............
25,082
21,625
1,088
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Age
Less
than
30
................................................
19,438
17,010
56,709
14,802
1,572
15,865
1,781
4,600
2,373
8,982
30
to
39
........................................................
23,334
20,925
73,855
16,590
1,947
17,227
2,161
4,636
3,247
10,087
40
to
49
........................................................
25,230
23,224
102,226
21,284
1,915
20,355
2,196
6,965
3,794
9,580
50
or
more
...................................................
26,845
25,273
69,641
11,388
2,193
9,400
2,467
4,035
2,010
5,449
Years
of
teaching
experience
First
year
......................................................
19,408
16,318
22,922
4,832
1,539
4,545
1,973
1,798
(
2)
3,395
2
to
4
years
..................................................
19,858
17,719
54,831
12,001
1,580
15,974
1,899
3,970
1,924
8,207
5
to
9
years
..................................................
21,764
19,748
66,567
13,905
1,816
14,111
2,112
4,625
3,184
8,044
10
to
14
years
..............................................
24,266
22,424
49,880
10,007
1,741
9,171
2,032
2,369
1,404
5,133
15
to
19
years
..............................................
27,238
25,351
42,209
8,985
2,129
8,460
2,257
3,601
1,812
3,452
20
or
more
years
.........................................
29,258
27,178
66,022
14,334
2,310
10,585
2,508
3,874
2,320
5,867
Level
Elementary
...................................................
21,485
19,977
179,936
23,015
1,514
33,338
1,846
11,805
5,645
18,137
Secondary
....................................................
27,824
24,896
122,496
41,048
2,106
29,509
2,435
8,432
5,780
15,962
1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
or
missing
values
in
cells
with
too
few
cases,
or
survey
item
nonresponse.
2
Too
few
sample
cases
(
fewer
than
30)
for
a
reliable
estimate.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94,''
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1997,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
86
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
77.
 
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1959
 
60
to
2000
 
01
School
year
Current
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
All
teachers
Elementary
teachers
Secondary
teachers
All
teachers
Elementary
teachers
Secondary
teachers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1959
 
60
.................................................
$
4,995
$
4,815
$
5,276
$
29,765
$
28,692
$
31,439
1961
 
62
.................................................
5,515
5,340
5,775
32,126
31,106
33,640
1963
 
64
.................................................
5,995
5,805
6,266
34,034
32,955
35,572
1965
 
66
.................................................
6,485
6,279
6,761
35,586
34,455
37,100
1967
 
68
.................................................
7,423
7,208
7,692
38,218
37,111
39,603
1969
 
70
.................................................
8,626
8,412
8,891
39,983
38,991
41,211
1970
 
71
.................................................
9,268
9,021
9,568
40,850
39,761
42,172
1971
 
72
.................................................
9,705
9,424
10,031
41,294
40,099
42,682
1972
 
73
.................................................
10,174
9,893
10,507
41,613
40,464
42,975
1973
 
74
.................................................
10,770
10,507
11,077
40,445
39,457
41,598
1974
 
75
.................................................
11,641
11,334
12,000
39,354
38,317
40,568
1975
 
76
.................................................
12,600
12,280
12,937
39,781
38,770
40,845
1976
 
77
.................................................
13,354
12,989
13,776
39,838
38,749
41,097
1977
 
78
.................................................
14,198
13,845
14,602
39,691
38,704
40,820
1978
 
79
.................................................
15,032
14,681
15,450
38,423
37,526
39,492
1979
 
80
.................................................
15,970
15,569
16,459
36,018
35,114
37,121
1980
 
81
.................................................
17,644
17,230
18,142
35,663
34,826
36,670
1981
 
82
.................................................
19,274
18,853
19,805
35,860
35,077
36,848
1982
 
83
.................................................
20,695
20,227
21,291
36,918
36,083
37,981
1983
 
84
.................................................
21,935
21,487
22,554
37,734
36,963
38,798
1984
 
85
.................................................
23,600
23,200
24,187
39,069
38,406
40,040
1985
 
86
.................................................
25,199
24,718
25,846
40,546
39,772
41,588
1986
 
87
.................................................
26,569
26,057
27,244
41,822
41,016
42,885
1987
 
88
.................................................
28,034
27,519
28,798
42,373
41,594
43,527
1988
 
89
.................................................
29,564
29,022
30,218
42,713
41,930
43,657
1989
 
90
.................................................
31,367
30,832
32,049
43,253
42,516
44,194
1990
 
91
.................................................
33,084
32,490
33,896
43,256
42,480
44,318
1991
 
92
.................................................
34,063
33,479
34,827
43,153
42,414
44,121
1992
 
93
.................................................
35,029
34,350
35,880
43,033
42,199
44,079
1993
 
94
.................................................
35,737
35,233
36,566
42,794
42,191
43,787
1994
 
95
.................................................
36,675
36,088
37,523
42,694
42,011
43,681
1995
 
96
.................................................
37,642
37,138
38,397
42,659
42,088
43,515
1996
 
97
.................................................
38,477
38,039
39,184
42,396
41,913
43,175
1997
 
98
.................................................
39,417
39,056
40,040
42,670
42,280
43,345
1998
 
99
.................................................
40,580
40,275
41,159
43,182
42,857
43,798
1999
 
2000
.............................................
41,724
41,466
42,430
43,153
42,887
43,884
2000
 
01
.................................................
42,898
42,613
43,663
42,898
42,613
43,663
NOTE:
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics,
various
years;
and
unpublished
data.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
87
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
78.
 
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
State
Current
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
Percent
change,
1989
 
90
to
2000
 
01
in
constant
dollars
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1995
 
96
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1995
 
96
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
..............
$
8,626
$
15,970
$
31,367
$
37,642
$
40,580
$
41,724
$
42,898
$
39,983
$
36,018
$
43,253
$
42,659
$
43,182
$
43,153
 
0.8
Alabama
...........................
6,818
13,060
24,828
31,313
35,820
36,689
37,956
31,602
29,455
34,237
35,486
38,117
37,946
10.9
Alaska
..............................
10,560
27,210
43,153
49,620
46,845
47,262
46,986
48,947
61,369
59,506
56,233
49,849
48,881
 
21.0
Arizona
.............................
8,711
15,054
29,402
32,483
35,025
35,650
36,302
40,377
33,953
40,544
36,812
37,271
36,871
 
10.5
Arkansas
..........................
6,307
12,299
22,352
29,533
32,330
33,386
34,476
29,234
27,739
30,822
33,469
34,403
34,530
11.9
California
..........................
10,315
18,020
37,998
42,259
46,129
47,680
48,923
47,811
40,642
52,397
47,891
49,087
49,314
 
6.6
Colorado
..........................
7,761
16,205
30,758
35,364
38,157
38,163
39,284
35,973
36,548
42,414
40,077
40,604
39,470
 
7.4
Connecticut
......................
9,262
16,229
40,461
50,254
51,424
51,780
52,100
42,931
36,603
55,794
56,952
54,721
53,554
 
6.6
Delaware
..........................
9,015
16,148
33,377
40,533
43,164
44,435
47,047
41,786
36,420
46,025
45,935
45,932
45,957
2.2
District
of
Columbia
.........
10,285
22,190
38,402
43,700
47,076
47,076
48,651
47,672
50,047
52,954
49,524
50,094
48,689
 
8.1
Florida
..............................
8,412
14,149
28,803
33,330
35,916
36,722
37,824
38,991
31,911
39,718
37,772
38,219
37,980
 
4.8
Georgia
............................
7,276
13,853
28,006
34,002
39,675
41,023
42,216
33,725
31,244
38,619
38,534
42,219
42,428
9.3
Hawaii
..............................
9,453
19,920
32,047
35,807
39,871
40,578
41,980
43,816
44,927
44,191
40,579
42,427
41,968
 
5.0
Idaho
................................
6,890
13,611
23,861
30,892
34,063
35,162
36,375
31,936
30,698
32,903
35,009
36,247
36,367
10.6
Illinois
...............................
9,569
17,601
32,794
40,919
45,269
46,486
48,053
44,354
39,697
45,221
46,373
48,172
48,079
6.3
Indiana
.............................
8,833
15,599
30,902
37,675
41,159
41,850
43,055
40,942
35,182
42,612
42,696
43,798
43,284
1.0
Iowa
.................................
8,355
15,203
26,747
32,372
34,998
35,678
36,479
38,727
34,289
36,883
36,687
37,242
36,900
 
1.1
Kansas
.............................
7,612
13,690
28,744
32,382
37,506
38,453
39,432
35,283
30,876
39,636
36,698
39,911
39,770
 
0.5
Kentucky
..........................
6,953
14,520
26,292
33,080
35,526
36,380
37,234
32,228
32,748
36,255
37,489
37,804
37,626
2.7
Louisiana
.........................
7,028
13,760
24,300
27,530
32,384
33,109
34,253
32,576
31,034
33,508
31,199
34,460
34,243
2.2
Maine
...............................
7,572
13,071
26,881
32,869
34,906
35,561
36,256
35,097
29,480
37,068
37,250
37,144
36,779
 
2.2
Maryland
..........................
9,383
17,558
36,319
41,160
43,112
44,048
44,997
43,491
39,600
50,082
46,646
45,876
45,557
 
10.2
Massachusetts
.................
8,764
17,253
34,712
41,408
45,075
46,250
47,523
40,622
38,912
47,866
46,927
47,965
47,835
 
0.7
Michigan
..........................
9,826
19,663
37,072
46,832
47,448
48,695
49,975
45,545
44,348
51,120
53,074
50,490
50,363
 
2.2
Minnesota
........................
8,658
15,912
32,190
36,922
39,458
39,802
40,577
40,131
35,888
44,388
41,843
41,988
41,166
 
8.6
Mississippi
.......................
5,798
11,850
24,292
27,692
29,530
31,857
32,957
26,874
26,726
33,497
31,383
31,423
32,948
 
1.6
Missouri
...........................
7,799
13,682
27,094
32,322
34,807
35,656
36,764
36,149
30,858
37,361
36,630
37,039
36,878
 
1.6
Montana
...........................
7,606
14,537
25,081
29,364
31,354
32,121
32,930
35,255
32,786
34,585
33,278
33,364
33,221
 
4.8
Nebraska
.........................
7,375
13,516
25,522
31,496
32,880
33,284
34,175
34,184
30,484
35,194
35,694
34,988
34,424
 
2.9
Nevada
............................
9,215
16,295
30,590
36,167
38,883
39,390
40,172
42,713
36,751
42,182
40,987
41,376
40,740
 
4.8
New
Hampshire
...............
7,771
13,017
28,986
35,792
37,405
37,734
38,303
36,020
29,358
39,970
40,562
39,803
39,027
 
4.2
New
Jersey
......................
9,130
17,161
35,676
48,751
51,193
52,174
53,281
42,319
38,705
49,195
55,249
54,475
53,961
8.3
New
Mexico
.....................
7,796
14,887
24,756
29,074
32,398
32,554
33,785
36,135
33,576
34,137
32,949
34,475
33,669
 
1.0
New
York
.........................
10,336
19,812
38,925
48,115
49,437
50,173
50,920
47,909
44,684
53,676
54,528
52,607
51,892
 
5.1
North
Carolina
.................
7,494
14,117
27,883
30,411
36,883
39,419
41,167
34,736
31,839
38,449
34,464
39,248
40,770
7.1
North
Dakota
...................
6,696
13,263
23,016
26,969
28,976
29,863
30,891
31,037
29,913
31,738
30,563
30,834
30,886
 
2.7
Ohio
.................................
8,300
15,269
31,218
37,835
40,561
41,436
42,716
38,472
34,437
43,048
42,878
43,162
42,856
 
0.8
Oklahoma
........................
6,882
13,107
23,070
28,404
31,115
31,298
34,434
31,899
29,561
31,812
32,190
33,110
32,370
8.2
Oregon
.............................
8,818
16,266
30,840
39,706
42,833
40,919
42,333
40,873
36,686
42,527
44,998
45,579
42,321
 
0.5
Pennsylvania
...................
8,858
16,515
33,338
46,087
48,457
48,321
49,500
41,058
37,248
45,971
52,230
51,564
49,976
7.7
Rhode
Island
...................
8,776
18,002
36,057
41,765
45,650
47,041
48,474
40,678
40,601
49,721
47,332
48,577
48,653
 
2.5
South
Carolina
.................
6,927
13,063
27,217
31,622
34,506
36,081
37,327
32,108
29,462
37,531
35,837
36,718
37,317
 
0.5
South
Dakota
...................
6,403
12,348
21,300
26,346
28,552
29,072
30,265
29,679
27,849
29,372
29,857
30,383
30,068
3.0
Tennessee
.......................
7,050
13,972
27,052
33,126
35,490
36,328
37,074
32,678
31,512
37,303
37,541
37,766
37,573
 
0.6
Texas
...............................
7,255
14,132
27,496
31,400
34,337
37,567
38,614
33,628
31,873
37,916
35,585
36,539
38,854
1.8
Utah
.................................
7,644
14,909
23,686
30,588
34,070
34,946
36,049
35,431
33,625
32,662
34,665
36,254
36,143
10.4
Vermont
...........................
7,968
12,484
29,012
36,295
36,800
37,714
38,651
36,933
28,156
40,006
41,132
39,160
39,006
 
3.4
Virginia
.............................
8,070
14,060
30,938
34,792
37,266
38,123
40,197
37,405
31,711
42,662
39,429
39,655
39,429
 
5.8
Washington
......................
9,225
18,820
30,457
37,853
38,687
41,013
42,101
42,759
42,446
41,999
42,898
41,168
42,418
0.2
West
Virginia
...................
7,650
13,710
22,842
32,155
34,244
35,008
35,764
35,459
30,921
31,498
36,441
36,440
36,207
13.5
Wisconsin
........................
8,963
16,006
31,921
38,182
40,657
41,153
41,646
41,545
36,100
44,017
43,271
43,264
42,563
 
5.4
Wyoming
..........................
8,232
16,012
28,141
31,571
33,500
34,140
34,189
38,156
36,113
38,805
35,779
35,648
35,310
 
11.9
NOTE:
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor.
Price
index
does
not
account
for
different
rates
of
change
in
the
cost
of
living
among
states.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics;
and
unpublished
data.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
88
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
79.
 
Minimum
and
average
teacher
salaries,
by
state:
1990
 
91,
1998
 
99,
and
1999
 
2000
State
1990
 
91
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
Percent
change,
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
(
constant
dollars)
1
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
Average
salary
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
(
in
1999
 
2000
dollars)
1
Average
salary
(
in
1999
 
2000
dollars)
1
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
Average
salary
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
(
in
1999
 
2000
dollars)
1
Average
salary
(
in
1999
 
2000
dollars)
1
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
Average
salary
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
as
a
percent
of
average
salary
Minimum
(
beginning)
salary
Average
salary
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
United
States
.................
$
21,542
$
32,880
$
27,232
$
41,565
$
26,855
$
40,540
$
27,630
$
41,710
$
27,989
$
41,820
66.9
2.8
0.6
Alabama
..............................
22,114
26,846
27,956
33,938
29,092
35,820
29,932
36,854
2
29,790
36,689
81.2
6.6
8.1
Alaska
.................................
2
29,950
43,406
2
37,861
54,872
33,057
46,312
34,011
47,649
33,676
46,481
72.5
 
11.1
 
15.3
Arizona
................................
2
21,375
30,773
2
27,021
38,902
24,755
33,197
25,470
34,155
2
25,613
34,824
73.5
 
5.2
 
10.5
Arkansas
.............................
3
17,458
4
23,735
3
22,070
4
30,005
21,975
32,819
22,609
33,766
22,599
5
33,691
67.1
2.4
12.3
California
.............................
2
24,570
2
39,118
2
31,060
2
49,451
31,129
46,129
32,028
47,461
32,190
2,5
47,680
67.5
3.6
 
3.6
Colorado
.............................
19,786
31,819
25,013
40,224
24,293
38,157
24,994
39,259
2
24,875
2
39,073
63.7
 
0.6
 
2.9
Connecticut
.........................
25,312
43,398
31,998
54,862
29,992
52,070
30,858
53,573
30,466
52,410
58.1
 
4.8
 
4.5
Delaware
.............................
21,112
35,246
26,689
44,556
29,981
43,164
30,846
44,410
2
30,945
2
44,435
69.6
15.9
 
0.3
District
of
Columbia
............
23,327
2
39,362
29,489
2
49,760
3
30,000
46,536
30,866
47,879
30,850
48,304
63.9
4.6
 
2.9
Florida
.................................
21,368
30,555
27,012
38,626
24,402
35,916
25,106
36,953
25,132
36,722
68.4
 
7.0
 
4.9
Georgia
...............................
20,471
4
28,950
25,879
4
36,597
29,491
39,776
30,342
40,924
5
30,402
5
41,122
73.9
17.5
12.4
Hawaii
.................................
23,792
33,548
30,077
42,410
28,315
40,416
29,132
41,583
29,204
41,292
70.7
 
2.9
 
2.6
Idaho
...................................
15,685
25,510
19,828
32,249
20,306
34,062
20,892
35,045
20,915
35,155
59.5
5.5
9.0
Illinois
..................................
4
21,954
4
34,642
4
27,753
4
43,793
6
28,954
6
45,286
29,790
46,593
2,7
30,151
2,7
46,480
64.9
8.6
6.1
Indiana
................................
4
20,247
4
32,931
4
25,595
4
41,630
26,268
41,165
27,026
42,353
26,553
41,855
63.4
3.7
0.5
Iowa
....................................
19,404
27,949
24,530
35,332
24,132
35,007
24,829
36,018
25,275
5
35,678
70.8
3.0
1.0
Kansas
................................
8
18,954
8
28,188
8
23,961
8
35,634
24,648
5
35,383
25,360
36,404
25,252
5,8
36,282
69.6
5.4
1.8
Kentucky
.............................
19,311
29,115
24,412
36,806
9
24,387
9
35,383
25,091
36,404
24,753
5
36,255
68.3
1.4
 
1.5
Louisiana
............................
17,486
26,170
22,105
33,083
24,102
32,384
24,798
33,319
25,738
5
33,109
77.7
16.4
0.1
Maine
..................................
18,878
28,531
23,865
36,068
22,513
9
34,906
23,163
35,914
22,942
35,561
64.5
 
3.9
 
1.4
Maryland
.............................
23,548
3
38,312
29,768
4
48,432
9
27,605
9
42,557
28,402
43,786
28,612
43,720
65.4
 
3.9
 
9.7
Massachusetts
....................
2
21,800
36,090
2
27,559
45,623
29,312
45,149
30,158
46,452
2
30,330
2
46,955
64.6
10.1
2.9
Michigan
.............................
2
22,400
2
37,800
2
28,317
2
47,785
4
27,822
47,448
28,625
48,818
2
28,545
48,729
58.6
0.8
2.0
Minnesota
...........................
4
21,029
33,128
4
26,584
41,879
24,468
39,493
25,174
40,633
25,666
2
40,678
63.1
 
3.5
 
2.9
Mississippi
..........................
2
18,950
2
24,609
2
23,956
2
31,110
21,145
2
29,550
21,755
30,403
10
23,040
31,897
72.2
 
3.8
2.5
Missouri
..............................
2
20,293
2
27,636
2
25,654
2
34,936
25,306
34,806
26,037
35,811
25,977
5
35,660
72.8
1.3
2.1
Montana
..............................
2
18,400
26,696
2
23,260
33,748
20,732
31,356
21,330
32,261
20,969
5
32,121
65.3
 
9.9
 
4.8
Nebraska
............................
18,344
26,592
23,190
33,616
22,611
32,880
23,264
33,829
22,923
33,237
69.0
 
1.1
 
1.1
Nevada
...............................
6
24,358
6
35,269
6
30,792
6
44,586
28,428
2
42,528
29,249
43,756
7
28,734
2
43,083
66.7
 
6.7
 
3.4
New
Hampshire
..................
2
20,635
31,273
2
26,086
39,534
4
24,406
37,405
25,111
38,485
2
24,650
37,734
65.3
 
5.5
 
4.6
New
Jersey
.........................
24,500
38,411
30,972
48,558
4
29,112
51,475
29,952
52,961
2
30,480
9
50,878
59.9
 
1.6
4.8
New
Mexico
........................
19,124
4
25,800
24,176
4
32,615
24,393
31,838
25,097
32,757
2
25,042
32,713
76.6
3.6
0.3
New
York
............................
9
26,375
9
42,080
9
33,342
9
53,196
9
30,808
9
49,490
31,697
50,919
31,910
9
51,020
62.5
 
4.3
 
4.1
North
Carolina
....................
19,810
29,165
25,043
36,869
25,044
36,883
25,767
37,948
27,968
39,404
71.0
11.7
6.9
North
Dakota
......................
16,274
23,574
20,573
29,801
19,136
29,002
19,688
29,839
20,422
29,863
68.4
 
0.7
0.2
Ohio
....................................
18,452
31,964
23,326
40,407
23,096
40,746
23,763
41,922
23,597
41,713
56.6
1.2
3.2
Oklahoma
...........................
8
18,575
8
24,378
8
23,482
8
30,818
8
23,818
8
29,444
24,506
30,294
24,025
29,525
81.4
2.3
 
4.2
Oregon
................................
6
20,357
6
32,295
6
25,734
6
40,826
2
28,589
2
43,789
29,414
45,053
6
29,733
6
45,103
65.9
15.5
10.5
Pennsylvania
......................
2
23,250
4
36,057
2
29,392
4
45,582
29,793
48,457
30,653
49,856
30,185
2
48,321
62.5
2.7
6.0
Rhode
Island
......................
20,887
2
38,220
26,404
2
48,316
26,237
4
46,286
26,994
47,622
2
27,286
2
48,138
56.7
3.3
 
0.4
South
Carolina
....................
4
19,757
4
28,174
4
24,976
4
35,616
23,827
34,506
24,515
35,502
25,215
36,081
69.9
1.0
1.3
South
Dakota
......................
16,676
22,363
21,081
28,270
21,376
28,386
21,993
29,205
2
21,889
29,072
75.3
3.8
2.8
Tennessee
..........................
20,150
28,248
25,473
35,710
26,314
35,490
27,074
36,515
27,228
36,328
75.0
6.9
1.7
Texas
..................................
2
20,150
2
28,100
2
25,473
2
35,523
25,586
34,336
26,325
35,327
28,400
37,567
75.6
11.5
5.8
Utah
....................................
17,234
4
25,415
21,786
4
32,129
22,941
34,079
23,603
35,063
23,273
34,946
66.6
6.8
8.8
Vermont
..............................
2
18,509
2
29,714
2
23,398
2
37,563
4
25,435
35,896
26,169
36,932
2
25,791
36,402
70.9
10.2
 
3.1
Virginia
................................
4
22,206
4
32,692
4
28,072
4
41,328
4
25,777
37,527
26,521
38,610
2
26,783
7
38,992
68.7
 
4.6
 
5.7
Washington
.........................
4
20,612
4
32,975
4
26,057
4
41,686
23,650
38,693
24,333
39,810
26,514
41,047
64.6
1.8
 
1.5
West
Virginia
......................
18,728
25,966
23,675
32,825
9
23,316
9
34,248
23,989
35,237
23,829
5
35,011
68.1
0.6
6.7
Wisconsin
...........................
20,689
33,077
26,154
41,814
6
24,839
6
39,374
25,556
40,511
25,344
5
39,897
63.5
 
3.1
 
4.6
Wyoming
.............................
19,238
28,996
24,320
36,655
23,507
33,500
24,186
34,467
24,168
34,188
70.7
 
0.6
 
6.7
1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor.
Price
index
does
not
account
for
different
rates
of
change
in
the
cost
of
living
among
states.
2
Estimated
by
the
American
Federation
of
Teachers.
See
NOTE.
3
Preliminary
or
state
estimate.
4
Excludes
state­
paid
health
insurance.
5
Includes
pay
for
extra
duties.
6
Includes
employer
pick­
up
of
employee
pension
contribution.
7
Includes
pension
and
extra­
duty
pay
where
applicable.
8
Estimated
to
exclude
fringe
benefits.
9
Median
salary.
10
Includes
estimated
$
1,000
in
local
supplements.

NOTE:
Data
in
this
table
reflect
results
of
surveys
conducted
by
the
American
Federation
of
Teachers.
Because
of
differing
survey
and
estimation
methods,
these
data
are
not
entirely
comparable
with
figures
appearing
in
other
tables.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
American
Federation
of
Teachers,
Survey
and
Analysis
of
Teacher
Salary
Trends,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
89
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
80.
 
Average
annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1939
 
40
to
2000
 
01
State
or
other
area
Current
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
1
1939
 
40
1949
 
50
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
..............
$
1,441
$
3,010
$
5,174
$
9,047
$
16,715
$
32,638
2
$
42,488
2
$
43,768
2
$
44,993
$
41,934
$
37,699
$
45,006
$
45,212
$
45,268
Alabama
...........................
744
2,111
4,002
6,954
13,338
26,200
36,740
38,324
2
39,150
32,233
30,082
36,128
39,096
39,637
Alaska
..............................
 
 
6,859
10,993
27,697
2
43,161
48,085
2
48,676
48,512
50,954
62,467
59,517
51,168
50,344
Arizona
.............................
1,544
3,556
5,590
8,975
16,180
33,592
2
45,785
2
46,771
2
47,779
41,600
36,492
46,322
48,721
48,373
Arkansas
..........................
584
1,801
3,295
6,461
12,704
23,296
33,783
35,022
2
35,777
29,948
28,652
32,124
35,949
36,222
California
..........................
2,351
 
2
6,600
10,950
18,626
2
39,309
46,593
2
47,817
2
49,539
50,755
42,009
54,205
49,580
49,455
Colorado
..........................
1,393
2,821
4,997
8,105
16,840
31,832
2
39,421
2
40,270
2
41,356
37,568
37,981
43,895
41,949
41,650
Connecticut
......................
1,861
3,558
6,008
9,597
16,989
41,888
53,272
53,753
54,000
44,483
38,317
57,761
56,688
55,595
Delaware
..........................
1,684
3,273
2
5,800
9,387
16,845
34,620
44,916
46,662
49,080
43,510
37,992
47,739
47,796
48,261
District
of
Columbia
.........
2,350
3,920
6,280
10,700
23,027
43,637
2
49,153
2
49,153
2
50,746
49,596
51,935
60,173
52,305
50,837
Florida
..............................
1,012
2,958
5,080
8,785
14,875
30,275
37,048
37,900
39,037
40,720
33,549
41,748
39,423
39,198
Georgia
............................
770
1,963
3
3,904
7,520
14,547
29,541
41,591
43,048
44,328
34,856
32,809
40,736
44,258
44,523
Hawaii
..............................
 
 
5,390
9,600
20,436
32,956
41,107
41,830
2
43,281
44,497
46,091
45,445
43,743
43,263
Idaho
................................
1,057
2,481
4,216
7,081
14,110
24,758
35,643
36,823
38,093
32,821
31,823
34,140
37,928
38,085
Illinois
...............................
1,700
3,458
4
5,814
9,789
18,271
33,912
47,049
48,390
50,021
45,373
41,208
46,763
50,066
50,048
Indiana
.............................
1,433
3,401
5,542
9,239
16,256
31,905
42,330
43,062
2
44,262
42,824
36,663
43,995
45,044
44,537
Iowa
.................................
1,017
2,420
2
4,030
8,779
15,776
27,619
36,283
36,980
37,811
40,692
35,581
38,085
38,609
38,247
Kansas
.............................
1,014
2,628
2
4,450
7,811
14,513
30,154
39,690
40,670
41,687
36,205
32,732
41,581
42,235
42,063
Kentucky
..........................
826
1,936
3,327
7,325
15,350
27,482
37,251
38,239
39,227
33,952
34,620
37,896
39,639
39,549
Louisiana
.........................
1,006
2,983
4,978
7,264
14,020
25,036
33,969
34,759
2
35,904
33,670
31,620
34,523
36,147
35,950
Maine
...............................
894
2,115
3,694
8,059
13,743
27,831
36,125
38,762
39,000
37,355
30,996
38,378
38,441
40,090
Maryland
..........................
1,642
3,594
5,557
9,885
18,308
37,520
44,843
45,809
2
46,796
45,818
41,292
51,738
47,718
47,378
Massachusetts
.................
2,037
3,338
5
5,545
9,347
18,900
40,175
2
58,065
2
59,906
2
59,763
43,325
42,627
55,399
61,788
61,958
Michigan
..........................
1,576
3,420
5,654
10,125
20,682
2
37,286
47,448
2
48,695
2
49,975
46,931
46,646
51,415
50,490
50,363
Minnesota
........................
1,276
3,013
5,275
9,250
16,654
33,340
40,707
41,044
2
41,928
42,875
37,561
45,974
43,317
42,450
Mississippi
.......................
559
1,416
3,314
5,959
12,274
25,079
30,743
33,147
2
34,292
27,621
27,683
34,583
32,714
34,283
Missouri
...........................
1,159
2,581
4,536
8,064
14,543
28,166
36,570
37,469
38,700
37,378
32,800
38,839
38,915
38,753
Montana
...........................
1,184
2,962
2
4,425
7,875
15,080
29,526
33,034
33,827
34,679
36,502
34,011
40,715
35,152
34,986
Nebraska
.........................
829
2,292
3,876
7,633
14,236
27,024
36,571
2
37,359
2
38,219
35,380
32,108
37,265
38,916
38,639
Nevada
............................
1,557
3,209
5,693
9,615
17,290
31,970
41,007
2
41,543
2
42,469
44,567
38,996
44,085
43,636
42,966
New
Hampshire
...............
1,258
2,712
4,455
8,016
13,508
2
29,798
2
45,187
2
46,161
2
47,184
37,155
30,466
41,090
48,084
47,742
New
Jersey
......................
2,093
3,511
5,871
9,650
18,851
37,485
2
54,342
2
55,513
2
56,709
44,729
42,516
51,690
57,826
57,415
New
Mexico
.....................
1,144
3,215
5,382
10,021
15,406
25,790
33,714
34,529
34,614
46,449
34,746
35,563
35,876
35,712
New
York
.........................
2,604
3,706
6,537
11,240
20,400
40,000
2
50,300
2
51,384
2
52,491
52,099
46,010
55,158
53,525
53,144
North
Carolina
.................
946
2,688
4,178
7,762
14,445
28,952
2
38,263
2
40,843
2
42,798
35,978
32,579
39,923
40,716
42,242
North
Dakota
...................
745
2,324
3,695
6,840
13,684
23,788
29,215
30,114
31,194
31,704
30,863
32,802
31,088
31,146
Ohio
.................................
1,587
3,088
5,124
8,594
16,100
32,467
41,980
42,939
2
44,250
39,834
36,312
44,770
44,672
44,410
Oklahoma
........................
1,014
2,736
4,659
7,257
13,500
23,944
32,795
33,039
36,220
33,637
30,448
33,018
34,898
34,171
Oregon
.............................
1,333
3,323
5,535
9,200
16,996
32,100
43,142
42,776
2
44,254
42,643
38,332
44,264
45,908
44,242
Pennsylvania
...................
1,640
3,006
5,308
8,899
17,060
34,110
49,566
49,550
50,700
41,248
38,477
47,036
52,744
51,248
Rhode
Island
...................
1,809
3,294
6
5,499
9,030
18,425
36,704
2
51,689
2
52,367
2
55,609
41,855
41,555
50,613
55,003
54,161
South
Carolina
.................
743
1,891
3,450
7,069
13,670
28,453
36,217
37,864
2
39,171
32,766
30,831
39,235
38,539
39,161
South
Dakota
...................
807
2,064
3,725
7,200
13,010
22,120
29,387
30,256
31,142
33,373
29,343
30,502
31,271
31,293
Tennessee
.......................
862
2,302
3,929
7,187
14,193
27,949
36,897
37,790
38,566
33,313
32,011
38,540
39,263
39,085
Texas
...............................
1,079
3,122
4,708
7,598
14,729
28,549
36,358
39,806
40,720
35,218
33,220
39,368
38,689
41,170
Utah
.................................
1,394
3,103
5,096
8,049
17,403
24,591
37,240
39,280
2
40,682
37,308
39,250
33,910
39,628
40,626
Vermont
...........................
981
2,348
4,466
8,225
13,300
29,012
37,081
37,880
2
38,696
38,124
29,997
40,006
39,459
39,178
Virginia
.............................
899
2,328
4,312
8,364
14,655
31,656
2
38,249
2
38,909
2
41,103
38,768
33,053
43,652
40,701
40,242
Washington
......................
1,706
3,487
6
5,643
9,792
19,735
31,828
40,612
43,024
44,223
45,387
44,510
43,889
43,216
44,498
West
Virginia
...................
1,170
2,425
3,952
7,954
14,395
23,842
35,451
36,250
37,006
36,868
32,466
32,877
37,724
37,492
Wisconsin
........................
1,379
3,007
7
4,870
9,150
16,335
32,445
43,587
44,105
44,634
42,411
36,842
44,740
46,382
45,616
Wyoming
..........................
1,169
2,798
4,937
8,496
16,830
29,047
34,683
35,341
35,393
39,380
37,958
40,054
36,907
36,552
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
 
 
852
5,130
 
 
 
 
 
22,991
 
 
 
 
Guam
...............................
 
 
4,107
7,800
 
 
 
 
 
34,956
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
......................
 
 
8
2,360
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
...................
 
 
3,407
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor.
Price
index
does
not
account
for
different
rates
of
change
in
the
cost
of
living
among
states.
2
Estimated
by
National
Education
Association.
3
Excludes
kindergarten
teachers.
4
Includes
administrators.
5
Includes
clerical
assistants
to
instructional
personnel.
6
Includes
attendance
personnel.
7
Excludes
vocational
schools
not
operated
as
part
of
the
regular
public
school
system.
8
Median
salary.

NOTE:
Instructional
staff
includes
supervisors,
principals,
classroom
teachers,
and
other
instructional
staff.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics;
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.);
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
90
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
TEACHERS
Table
81.
 
Estimated
average
annual
salary
of
instructional
staff
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
average
annual
earnings
of
full­
time
employees
in
all
industries:
1929
 
30
to
2000
 
01
School
year
Current
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
1
Average
salary
of
instructional
staff
2
Earnings
per
full­
time
employee
working
for
wages
or
salary
3
Average
salary
of
instructional
staff
2
Earnings
per
full­
time
employee
working
for
wages
or
salary
3
Ratio
of
average
instructional
staff
salary
to
earnings
per
full­
time
employee
1
2
3
4
5
6
1929
 
30
........................................................
$
1,420
$
1,386
$
14,525
$
14,178
1.02
1931
 
32
........................................................
1,417
1,198
17,209
14,550
1.18
1933
 
34
........................................................
1,227
1,070
16,224
14,148
1.15
1935
 
36
........................................................
1,283
1,160
16,347
14,780
1.11
1937
 
38
........................................................
1,374
1,224
16,794
14,961
1.12
1939
 
40
........................................................
1,441
1,282
18,054
16,062
1.12
1941
 
42
........................................................
1,507
1,576
16,923
17,698
0.96
1943
 
44
........................................................
1,728
2,030
17,363
20,398
0.85
1945
 
46
........................................................
1,995
2,272
19,149
21,807
0.88
1947
 
48
........................................................
2,639
2,692
19,831
20,230
0.98
1949
 
50
........................................................
3,010
2,930
22,253
21,662
1.03
1951
 
52
........................................................
3,450
3,322
22,983
22,130
1.04
1953
 
54
........................................................
3,825
3,628
24,904
23,622
1.05
1955
 
56
........................................................
4,156
3,924
27,068
25,557
1.06
1957
 
58
........................................................
4,702
4,276
28,828
26,217
1.10
1959
 
60
........................................................
5,174
4,632
30,832
27,602
1.12
1961
 
62
........................................................
5,700
4,928
33,203
28,706
1.16
1963
 
64
........................................................
6,240
5,373
35,425
30,503
1.16
1965
 
66
........................................................
6,935
5,838
38,055
32,035
1.19
1967
 
68
........................................................
7,630
6,444
39,283
33,177
1.18
1969
 
70
........................................................
9,047
7,334
41,934
33,994
1.23
1970
 
71
........................................................
9,698
7,815
42,745
34,445
1.24
1971
 
72
........................................................
10,213
8,334
43,456
35,461
1.23
1972
 
73
........................................................
10,634
8,858
43,495
36,231
1.20
1973
 
74
........................................................
11,254
9,647
42,262
36,228
1.17
1974
 
75
........................................................
12,167
10,420
41,133
35,227
1.17
1975
 
76
........................................................
13,124
11,218
41,435
35,417
1.17
1976
 
77
........................................................
13,840
11,991
41,288
35,772
1.15
1977
 
78
........................................................
14,698
12,823
41,089
35,846
1.15
1978
 
79
........................................................
15,764
13,822
40,294
35,330
1.14
1979
 
80
........................................................
16,715
15,086
37,699
34,024
1.11
1980
 
81
........................................................
18,404
16,517
37,199
33,384
1.11
1981
 
82
........................................................
20,327
17,863
37,819
33,234
1.14
1982
 
83
........................................................
21,641
18,946
38,606
33,798
1.14
1983
 
84
........................................................
23,005
19,874
39,574
34,187
1.16
1984
 
85
........................................................
24,666
20,815
40,833
34,458
1.19
1985
 
86
........................................................
26,362
21,727
42,418
34,959
1.21
1986
 
87
........................................................
27,706
22,642
43,612
35,640
1.22
1987
 
88
........................................................
29,219
23,698
44,164
35,819
1.23
1988
 
89
........................................................
30,850
24,651
44,571
35,615
1.25
1989
 
90
........................................................
32,638
25,643
45,006
35,360
1.27
1990
 
91
........................................................
34,401
26,791
44,978
35,028
1.28
1991
 
92
........................................................
35,556
27,990
45,045
35,459
1.27
1992
 
93
........................................................
36,460
29,036
44,791
35,670
1.26
1993
 
94
........................................................
37,446
29,778
44,841
35,659
1.26
1994
 
95
........................................................
38,339
30,568
44,631
35,584
1.25
1995
 
96
........................................................
39,483
31,518
44,745
35,719
1.25
1996
 
97
........................................................
40,435
32,735
44,553
36,068
1.24
1997
 
98
........................................................
41,243
34,269
44,647
37,098
1.20
1998
 
99
........................................................
42,488
35,892
45,212
38,193
1.18
1999
 
2000
....................................................
43,768
37,691
45,268
38,982
1.16
2000
 
01
........................................................
44,993
 
44,993
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor.
2
Includes
supervisors,
principals,
classroom
teachers,
and
other
instructional
staff.
3
Calendar­
year
data
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
have
been
converted
to
a
school­
year
basis
by
averaging
the
two
appropriate
calendar
years
in
each
case.
Beginning
in
1992
 
93,
data
are
wage
and
salary
accruals
per
full­
time­
equivalent
employee
Data
for
years
1987
 
88
and
after
may
not
be
directly
comparable
to
earlier
years.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems,
and
unpublished
data;
National
Education
Association,
Estimates
of
School
Statistics;
and
unpublished
data.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.);
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Survey
of
Current
Business,
July
and
August
issues,
and
Bureau
of
Economic
Analysis,
National
Income
and
Product
Accounts
Tables,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
91
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
82.
 
Staff
employed
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
systems,
by
functional
area:
1949
 
50
to
fall
1999
[
In
full­
time
equivalents]

School
year
Total
School
district
administrative
staff
Instructional
staff
Support
staff
Total
Intermediate
district
staff
School
district
superintendents
Officials
and
administrators
Instruction
coordinators
Total
Principals
and
assistant
principals
Teachers
Instructional
aides
Librarians
Guidance
counselors
Psychological
personnel
Other
instructional
staff
Total
Secretarial
and
clerical
personnel
Transportation
staff
Food
service
Plant
operation
and
maintenance
Health
Recreational
and
other
staff
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
1949
 
50
...................
1,300,031
33,642
5,843
18,025
(
1)
9,774
963,110
43,137
913,671
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
6,302
303,280
31,824
81,626
68,814
105,874
9,412
5,730
1959
 
60
...................
2,089,283
42,423
9,901
13,361
5,386
13,775
1,457,329
63,554
1,353,372
(
2)
17,363
14,643
2,121
6,277
589,531
75,930
113,111
161,925
192,655
16,104
29,807
1969
 
70
...................
3,360,763
65,282
7,113
13,014
13,618
31,537
2,285,568
90,593
2,016,244
57,418
42,689
48,763
6,168
23,693
1,009,913
164,476
175,351
270,338
273,395
26,562
99,791
Fall
1980
..................
4,168,286
78,784
 
13,269
44,961
20,554
2,859,573
107,061
2,184,216
325,755
48,018
63,973
14,033
116,517
1,229,929
223,647
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
1,006,282
Fall
1985
..................
4,159,624
4
67,404
 
 
 
 
4
2,756,232
129,297
2,205,987
306,860
47,442
66,646
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,335,988
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1990
..................
4,494,076
4
75,868
 
 
 
 
4
3,051,404
127,417
2,398,169
395,959
49,909
79,950
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,366,804
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1991
..................
4,559,359
4
76,084
 
 
 
 
4
3,103,939
129,304
2,432,243
410,538
49,917
81,937
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,379,336
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1992
..................
4,708,286
6
78,414
(
7)
(
7)
45,712
32,702
4
3,139,544
121,936
2,458,956
427,279
50,324
81,049
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,490,328
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1993
..................
4,808,080
6
80,862
(
7)
(
7)
47,614
33,248
4
3,209,381
121,486
2,503,901
450,519
50,511
82,964
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,517,837
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1994
..................
4,904,757
6
81,867
(
7)
(
7)
48,827
33,040
4
3,280,752
120,017
2,551,875
473,348
50,668
84,844
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,542,138
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1995
..................
4,994,358
6
82,998
(
7)
(
7)
49,315
33,683
4
3,351,528
120,629
2,598,220
494,289
50,862
87,528
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,559,832
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1996
..................
5,091,205
6
81,975
(
7)
(
7)
48,480
33,495
4
3,447,580
123,734
2,667,419
516,356
51,464
88,607
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,561,650
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1997
..................
5,266,415
6
85,267
(
7)
(
7)
50,432
34,835
4
3,572,955
126,129
2,746,157
557,453
52,142
91,074
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,608,193
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1998
..................
5,419,181
6
88,939
(
7)
(
7)
52,975
35,964
4
3,693,630
129,317
2,830,286
588,108
52,805
93,114
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,636,612
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1999
..................
5,617,397
6
93,916
(
7)
(
7)
55,245
38,671
4
3,810,308
133,011
2,906,554
621,385
53,661
95,697
(
5)
(
5)
4
1,713,173
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Percentage
distribution
1949
 
50
...................
100.0
2.6
0.4
1.4
(
1)
0.8
74.1
3.3
70.3
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
0.5
23.3
2.4
6.3
5.3
8.1
0.7
0.4
1959
 
60
...................
100.0
2.0
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.7
69.8
3.0
64.8
(
2)
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.3
28.2
3.6
5.4
7.8
9.2
0.8
1.4
1969
 
70
...................
100.0
1.9
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.9
68.0
2.7
60.0
1.7
1.3
1.5
0.2
0.7
30.1
4.9
5.2
8.0
8.1
0.8
3.0
Fall
1980
..................
100.0
1.9
 
0.3
1.1
0.5
68.6
2.6
52.4
7.8
1.2
1.5
0.3
2.8
29.5
5.4
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
24.1
Fall
1985
..................
100.0
4
1.6
 
 
 
 
4
66.3
3.1
53.0
7.4
1.1
1.6
(
5)
(
5)
4
32.1
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1990
..................
100.0
4
1.7
 
 
 
 
4
67.9
2.8
53.4
8.8
1.1
1.8
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.4
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1991
..................
100.0
4
1.7
 
 
 
 
4
68.1
2.8
53.3
9.0
1.1
1.8
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.3
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1992
..................
100.0
6
1.7
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
66.7
2.6
52.2
9.1
1.1
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
31.7
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1993
..................
100.0
6
1.7
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
66.7
2.5
52.1
9.4
1.1
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
31.6
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1994
..................
100.0
6
1.7
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
66.9
2.4
52.0
9.7
1.0
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
31.4
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1995
..................
100.0
6
1.7
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
67.1
2.4
52.0
9.9
1.0
1.8
(
5)
(
5)
4
31.2
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1996
..................
100.0
6
1.6
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
67.7
2.4
52.4
10.1
1.0
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.7
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1997
..................
100.0
6
1.6
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
67.8
2.4
52.1
10.6
1.0
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.5
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1998
..................
100.0
6
1.6
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
68.2
2.4
52.2
10.9
1.0
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.2
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1999
..................
100.0
6
1.7
(
7)
(
7)
1.0
0.7
4
67.8
2.4
51.7
11.1
1.0
1.7
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.5
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Pupils
per
staff
member
1949
 
50
...................
19.3
746.4
4,297.7
1,393.1
 
2,569.2
26.1
582.1
27.5
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
3,984.7
82.8
789.1
307.6
364.9
237.2
2,668.0
4,382.4
1959
 
60
...................
16.8
829.3
3,553.4
2,633.2
6,532.2
2,554.1
24.1
553.6
26.0
(
2)
2,026.3
2,402.7
16,589.1
5,605.1
59.7
463.4
311.0
217.3
182.6
2,184.7
1,180.3
1969
 
70
...................
13.6
697.7
6,403.8
3,500.1
3,344.9
1,444.3
19.9
502.8
22.6
793.3
1,067.0
934.1
7,384.9
1,922.5
45.1
276.9
259.8
168.5
166.6
1,714.9
456.5
Fall
1980
..................
9.8
518.9
 
3,080.7
909.2
1,988.8
14.3
381.8
18.7
125.5
851.3
639.0
2,913.0
350.8
33.2
182.8
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
40.6
Fall
1985
..................
9.5
4
584.9
 
 
 
 
4
14.3
304.9
17.9
128.5
831.0
591.5
(
5)
(
5)
4
29.5
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1990
..................
9.2
4
543.3
 
 
 
 
4
13.5
323.5
17.2
104.1
825.8
515.5
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.2
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1991
..................
9.2
4
552.6
 
 
 
 
4
13.5
325.2
17.3
102.4
842.3
513.2
(
5)
(
5)
4
30.5
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1992
..................
9.1
6
546.1
(
7)
(
7)
936.8
1,309.5
4
13.6
351.2
17.4
100.2
851.0
528.4
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.7
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1993
..................
9.0
6
537.5
(
7)
(
7)
912.9
1,307.3
4
13.5
357.8
17.4
96.5
860.5
523.9
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.6
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1994
..................
9.0
6
538.8
(
7)
(
7)
903.4
1,335.1
4
13.4
367.5
17.3
93.2
870.6
519.9
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.6
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1995
..................
9.0
6
540.3
(
7)
(
7)
909.3
1,331.2
4
13.4
371.7
17.3
90.7
881.6
512.3
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.7
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1996
..................
9.0
6
556.4
(
7)
(
7)
940.8
1,361.7
4
13.2
368.6
17.1
88.3
886.3
514.8
(
5)
(
5)
4
29.2
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1997
..................
8.8
6
541.0
(
7)
(
7)
914.6
1,324.2
4
12.9
365.7
16.8
82.7
884.6
506.5
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.7
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1998
..................
8.6
6
523.3
(
7)
(
7)
878.5
1,294.0
4
12.6
359.9
16.4
79.1
881.3
499.8
(
5)
(
5)
4
28.4
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

Fall
1999
..................
8.3
6
498.9
(
7)
(
7)
848.2
1,211.7
4
12.3
352.3
16.1
75.4
873.2
489.6
(
5)
(
5)
4
27.4
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
included
in
column
5.

2
Data
included
in
column
10.

3
Data
included
in
column
22.

4
Data
not
comparable
with
figures
for
years
prior
to
1985.

5
Data
included
in
column
16.

6
Because
of
classification
revisions,
data
are
not
directly
comparable
with
figures
for
prior
years.

7
Data
included
in
column
6.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Because
of
variations
in
data
collection
instruments
some
categories
are
only
roughly
comparable
over
time.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems,

Common
Core
of
Data
surveys,
and
unpublished
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
92
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
83.
 
Staff
employed
in
public
school
systems,
by
type
of
assignment
and
state:
Fall
1999
[
In
full­
time
equivalents]

State
or
other
area
Total
School
district
staff
School
staff
Student
support
staff
Other
support
services
staff
Officials
and
administrators
Administrative
support
staff
Instruction
coordinators
Principals
and
assistant
principals
School
and
library
support
staff
Teachers
Instructional
aides
Guidance
counselors
Librarians
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
1
....................
5,617,397
55,245
166,394
38,671
133,011
264,200
2,906,554
621,385
95,697
53,661
173,162
1,109,417
Alabama
2
................................
88,482
1,189
1,265
467
3,047
2,579
48,614
6,270
1,701
1,294
1,123
20,933
Alaska
3
....................................
16,086
265
652
132
695
1,121
7,838
2,221
243
148
448
2,323
Arizona
.....................................
88,259
403
783
185
1,997
9,031
43,892
11,631
1,158
785
6,996
11,398
Arkansas
..................................
59,755
557
747
250
1,613
1,503
31,362
5,526
1,435
1,018
2,528
13,216
California
2
...............................
532,665
2,447
22,197
6,088
12,536
34,343
287,344
62,753
6,074
1,379
13,281
84,223
Colorado
..................................
79,672
898
2,307
749
1,924
4,263
40,772
8,842
1,211
729
2,806
15,171
Connecticut
..............................
79,848
1,197
1,834
395
1,959
3,636
39,907
10,544
1,176
729
3,864
14,607
Delaware
..................................
13,369
79
362
147
329
405
7,318
921
229
119
703
2,757
District
of
Columbia
4
...............
9,453
111
254
76
240
447
4,779
1,127
181
104
335
1,799
Florida
......................................
271,339
1,690
14,053
825
6,120
13,524
130,336
30,871
5,321
2,636
9,797
56,166
Georgia
....................................
183,674
1,616
1,984
1,182
4,484
8,460
90,638
23,568
2,865
2,035
4,546
42,296
Hawaii
......................................
17,902
132
258
375
497
715
10,866
1,126
600
289
743
2,301
Idaho
........................................
24,192
118
523
262
714
1,011
13,641
2,497
578
194
457
4,197
Illinois
5
.....................................
244,164
3,727
6,674
2,067
5,681
11,745
124,815
29,601
2,897
1,962
7,735
47,260
Indiana
.....................................
125,236
919
642
1,496
2,888
8,165
58,864
17,317
1,819
1,077
1,875
30,174
Iowa
.........................................
65,957
1,110
741
383
1,981
4,642
33,480
7,944
1,214
709
2,179
11,574
Kansas
.....................................
63,771
1,241
1,173
117
1,733
2,550
32,969
6,657
1,159
976
1,246
13,950
Kentucky
..................................
93,332
1,087
2,738
400
1,861
2,002
41,954
14,423
1,312
1,097
2,187
24,271
Louisiana
.................................
101,233
311
869
1,164
2,585
3,187
50,031
10,874
3,293
1,196
1,104
26,619
Maine
.......................................
32,499
504
719
150
885
1,394
16,349
5,028
629
247
1,268
5,326
Maryland
..................................
93,620
977
1,206
1,674
3,031
3,866
50,995
8,594
2,022
1,087
2,486
17,682
Massachusetts
6
.......................
136,257
1,044
6,496
1,561
2,923
4,518
77,596
16,800
2,249
837
2,807
19,426
Michigan
..................................
210,718
2,257
3,610
847
5,736
8,765
96,111
23,625
3,082
1,586
12,966
52,133
Minnesota
................................
104,546
1,973
6,658
409
1,789
11,205
56,010
14,112
1,067
1,044
10,279
0
Mississippi
...............................
63,946
968
1,639
591
1,639
2,254
30,722
8,712
955
983
2,246
13,237
Missouri
...................................
118,104
1,170
7,636
783
2,920
4,689
63,890
10,131
2,588
1,566
3,709
19,022
Montana
5
.................................
20,036
153
519
157
501
913
10,353
2,300
426
359
683
3,672
Nebraska
.................................
39,142
565
798
276
960
1,582
20,766
4,140
755
551
1,080
7,669
Nevada
....................................
30,247
224
732
110
884
1,360
17,380
2,095
654
292
1,304
5,212
New
Hampshire
.......................
27,129
410
512
165
516
995
14,037
4,858
699
294
536
4,107
New
Jersey
..............................
178,053
1,778
6,928
1,364
4,459
9,673
95,883
17,761
3,408
1,809
9,602
25,388
New
Mexico
.............................
43,184
765
1,716
604
951
2,822
19,797
4,748
704
282
2,239
8,556
New
York
.................................
408,977
2,783
26,163
1,735
7,363
6,852
202,078
38,068
5,843
3,091
8,645
106,356
North
Carolina
.........................
158,696
1,490
74
814
4,471
21
81,914
26,730
3,265
2,246
4,080
33,591
North
Dakota
...........................
15,132
464
170
94
407
528
8,150
1,743
271
192
474
2,639
Ohio
.........................................
213,484
5,559
10,405
420
954
14,295
116,200
13,603
3,425
1,653
1,448
45,522
Oklahoma
................................
73,831
723
1,894
150
2,011
3,266
41,498
6,166
1,518
980
1,212
14,413
Oregon
.....................................
55,610
786
1,586
327
1,621
3,713
27,803
7,785
1,229
569
1,363
8,828
Pennsylvania
...........................
216,725
1,478
7,974
1,368
4,262
10,457
114,525
20,196
3,977
2,215
9,217
41,056
Rhode
Island
...........................
17,927
187
468
73
386
909
11,041
2,177
315
65
393
1,913
South
Carolina
5
.......................
85,494
233
2,195
466
2,363
3,862
45,468
9,734
1,610
1,130
2,891
15,542
South
Dakota
...........................
17,437
358
298
214
423
738
9,384
2,088
310
175
830
2,619
Tennessee
...............................
112,477
1,746
2,452
1,009
3,927
5,536
60,702
11,738
1,720
1,462
3,369
18,816
Texas
.......................................
523,948
2,857
3,067
1,175
13,006
26,006
267,935
53,749
9,149
4,607
4,439
137,958
Utah
.........................................
40,235
109
740
618
949
2,242
21,832
5,258
658
308
522
6,999
Vermont
...................................
17,408
146
325
280
407
767
8,474
3,770
370
220
672
1,977
Virginia
2
...................................
145,522
1,898
1,871
1,693
3,753
6,378
81,073
14,419
3,382
2,068
9,451
19,536
Washington
..............................
96,033
1,117
2,360
765
2,662
4,899
50,368
10,031
1,908
1,318
3,128
17,477
West
Virginia
...........................
38,709
337
1,881
355
1,079
369
21,082
3,008
655
400
972
8,571
Wisconsin
................................
109,951
901
2,857
1,528
2,548
5,230
60,778
11,811
2,023
1,416
4,495
16,364
Wyoming
..................................
13,931
188
389
136
341
767
6,940
1,694
365
133
403
2,575
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
7
...........
11,588
78
77
208
398
982
7,415
910
351
230
510
429
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................
1,613
35
48
30
56
86
801
121
30
6
63
337
Guam
.......................................
3,685
20
187
110
51
557
1,809
693
40
19
50
149
Northern
Marianas
...................
956
9
74
9
30
39
488
157
16
0
38
96
Puerto
Rico
..............................
71,673
1,500
219
395
1,424
4,444
41,349
 
907
981
2,635
17,819
Virgin
Islands
...........................
2,964
75
151
19
87
79
1,528
323
81
37
296
288
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
imputations
for
undercounts
in
designated
states.
2
Includes
imputations
for
prekindergarten
teachers.
3
Includes
imputations
for
instructional
coordinators.
4
Includes
imputations
for
all
categories
of
staff.
5
Includes
imputations
for
instructional
aides
and
all
support
staff.
6
Includes
imputations
for
student
support
staff
and
other
support
staff.
7
Includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
93
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
84.
 
Staff
employed
in
public
school
systems,
by
type
of
assignment
and
state:
Fall
1998
[
In
full­
time
equivalents]

State
or
other
area
Total
School
district
staff
School
staff
Student
support
staff
Other
support
services
staff
Officials
and
administrators
Administrative
support
staff
Instruction
coordinators
Principals
and
assistant
principals
School
and
library
support
staff
Teachers
Instructional
aides
Guidance
counselors
Librarians
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
1
....................
5,419,181
52,975
160,022
35,964
129,317
251,575
2,830,286
588,108
93,114
52,805
159,277
1,065,738
Alabama
2
................................
87,654
681
1,222
572
2,788
2,632
47,766
6,752
1,785
1,278
527
21,651
Alaska
3
....................................
16,098
209
528
123
836
818
8,118
2,162
235
149
603
2,317
Arizona
4
..................................
85,015
408
749
184
1,899
6,940
42,352
11,561
1,093
780
8,094
10,955
Arkansas
5
................................
40,778
596
201
221
1,492
886
27,953
3,231
1,179
930
2,944
1,145
California
2
...............................
514,520
2,271
21,353
5,860
11,760
32,817
281,784
59,113
5,760
1,297
11,274
81,231
Colorado
..................................
76,125
856
2,179
619
1,859
4,136
39,434
8,051
1,121
702
2,732
14,436
Connecticut
..............................
77,410
1,105
1,718
408
1,894
3,546
38,772
9,950
1,175
719
3,722
14,401
Delaware
..................................
12,869
87
429
51
415
490
7,074
1,014
227
120
516
2,446
District
of
Columbia
.................
9,840
45
347
125
271
240
5,187
384
242
135
200
2,664
Florida
......................................
262,170
1,598
13,597
823
5,988
12,940
126,796
28,882
5,208
2,635
9,083
54,620
Georgia
....................................
177,832
1,686
1,940
1,096
4,284
8,217
88,658
22,809
2,763
1,991
3,637
40,751
Hawaii
......................................
17,354
132
252
402
493
722
10,639
1,042
576
290
557
2,249
Idaho
........................................
23,833
117
513
246
710
977
13,426
2,375
585
194
439
4,251
Illinois
6
.....................................
234,318
3,643
6,257
2,147
5,487
10,986
121,758
27,415
2,881
1,914
7,360
44,470
Indiana
.....................................
124,097
914
565
1,443
2,880
8,265
58,084
17,785
1,788
1,075
1,738
29,560
Iowa
.........................................
65,967
814
747
367
1,684
4,640
32,822
7,725
1,300
733
3,080
12,055
Kansas
.....................................
60,829
1,017
1,030
106
1,712
2,552
32,003
5,955
1,117
971
1,014
13,352
Kentucky
..................................
91,088
1,046
2,721
395
1,829
2,006
40,803
13,909
1,293
1,098
2,042
23,946
Louisiana
.................................
99,401
288
721
1,118
2,547
3,067
49,124
10,379
2,983
1,211
1,101
26,862
Maine
.......................................
31,297
471
710
155
891
1,386
15,890
4,686
601
245
1,176
5,086
Maryland
..................................
93,313
701
771
731
3,395
5,049
49,840
7,712
1,957
1,083
1,524
20,550
Massachusetts
.........................
126,843
1,073
6,701
1,240
2,195
3,421
69,752
16,457
2,302
644
2,000
21,058
Michigan
..................................
209,413
2,181
3,534
836
5,603
8,435
93,220
21,878
3,054
1,566
8,098
61,008
Minnesota
................................
101,583
2,317
6,534
371
1,763
10,664
54,449
13,331
974
1,050
10,125
5
Mississippi
...............................
65,023
971
1,663
574
1,653
2,270
31,140
9,037
953
984
2,224
13,554
Missouri
...................................
116,304
1,164
7,558
779
2,860
4,905
62,449
9,582
2,540
1,507
3,524
19,436
Montana
6
.................................
18,991
155
498
135
537
874
10,221
2,180
428
356
70
3,537
Nebraska
.................................
38,207
546
783
251
946
1,578
20,310
3,954
745
550
1,022
7,522
Nevada
....................................
29,132
211
634
113
847
1,409
16,415
2,148
637
274
1,237
5,207
New
Hampshire
.......................
25,574
391
509
155
517
863
13,290
4,336
689
269
498
4,057
New
Jersey
..............................
171,196
1,686
6,898
1,324
4,309
8,905
92,264
16,542
3,295
1,797
9,150
25,026
New
Mexico
.............................
41,125
792
1,278
664
916
2,627
19,981
4,781
706
266
1,715
7,399
New
York
.................................
376,189
2,484
25,169
1,481
7,047
6,759
197,253
34,221
5,648
3,027
8,395
84,705
North
Carolina
.........................
152,899
1,495
80
680
4,307
33
79,531
25,785
3,155
2,247
3,679
31,907
North
Dakota
...........................
14,765
451
170
87
409
516
7,974
1,678
254
191
425
2,610
Ohio
.........................................
209,668
5,452
10,084
401
981
14,187
113,984
12,881
3,385
1,687
1,419
45,207
Oklahoma
................................
70,752
728
1,775
140
1,979
3,372
40,876
5,639
1,460
929
1,118
12,736
Oregon
.....................................
53,781
810
1,480
304
1,618
3,632
27,152
7,337
1,218
588
1,247
8,395
Pennsylvania
...........................
209,862
1,431
8,027
1,522
4,054
9,737
111,065
18,685
3,830
2,198
9,363
39,950
Rhode
Island
...........................
17,832
167
381
66
395
929
11,124
1,994
317
64
387
2,008
South
Carolina
6
.......................
81,479
245
2,067
443
2,300
3,630
43,689
9,058
1,581
1,123
2,650
14,693
South
Dakota
...........................
16,525
361
285
121
419
683
9,273
1,893
341
177
460
2,512
Tennessee
...............................
110,068
1,840
2,497
911
4,388
5,187
59,258
11,742
1,689
1,457
3,112
17,987
Texas
.......................................
506,134
2,738
2,773
1,103
12,564
23,595
259,739
51,844
8,771
4,508
4,250
134,249
Utah
.........................................
39,198
105
716
547
995
2,030
21,501
4,995
726
300
456
6,827
Vermont
...................................
16,817
147
121
267
408
775
8,221
3,593
365
213
616
2,091
Virginia
2
...................................
142,544
1,835
1,869
1,541
3,676
6,187
79,323
13,772
3,317
2,037
9,451
19,536
Washington
..............................
93,750
1,094
2,340
707
2,627
4,800
49,671
9,661
1,851
1,286
3,115
16,598
West
Virginia
...........................
38,655
330
1,890
348
1,062
315
20,989
3,079
640
358
1,097
8,547
Wisconsin
................................
109,266
896
2,834
1,509
2,486
5,178
61,176
11,590
2,005
1,459
4,376
15,757
Wyoming
..................................
13,798
194
324
152
342
767
6,713
1,543
369
143
635
2,616
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools,
overseas
schools
.................
7,782
77
37
120
291
728
5,171
772
172
165
202
47
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................
1,524
35
47
48
67
93
764
115
34
6
59
256
Guam
.......................................
3,073
24
210
83
52
662
1,052
685
45
23
54
183
Northern
Marianas
...................
1,041
15
102
10
32
46
496
159
20
2
45
114
Puerto
Rico
..............................
68,999
1,329
216
422
1,288
4,035
39,781
165
879
928
2,551
17,405
Virgin
Islands
...........................
3,055
71
161
19
88
92
1,567
327
82
37
297
314
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
imputations
for
undercounts
in
designated
states.
2
Includes
imputations
for
prekindergarten
teachers.
3
Includes
imputations
for
instructional
coordinators.
4
Includes
imputations
for
instructional
aides
and
library
support
staff.
5
Includes
imputations
for
library
support
staff.
6
Includes
imputations
for
instructional
aides
and
all
support
staff
except
student
support
staff.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
94
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
85.
 
Staff
and
teachers
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1993
to
fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Teachers
as
a
percent
of
staff
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
1
Fall
1999
Fall
1993
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Staff
Teachers
Teachers
as
a
percent
of
staff
Staff
Teachers
Teachers
as
a
percent
of
staff
Staff
Teachers
Teachers
as
a
percent
of
staff
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
United
States
2
..........
52.1
52.0
52.0
52.4
5,266,415
2,746,157
52.1
5,419,181
2,830,286
52.2
5,617,397
2,906,554
51.7
Alabama
.........................
3
53.1
3
52.5
3
52.9
3
53.0
3
85,945
3
45,967
3
53.5
3
87,654
3
47,766
3
54.5
3
88,482
3
48,614
3
54.9
Alaska
............................
45.8
3
47.6
3
49.1
3
50.2
3
14,951
7,625
3
51.0
3
16,098
8,118
3
50.4
3
16,086
7,838
3
48.7
Arizona
...........................
50.2
51.2
50.1
51.0
80,907
41,129
50.8
3
85,015
42,352
3
49.8
88,259
43,892
49.7
Arkansas
........................
51.5
52.2
53.8
3
52.3
3
51,271
3
26,931
3
52.5
3
40,778
27,953
3
68.5
59,755
31,362
52.5
California
........................
3
51.4
3
51.6
3
52.0
3
53.1
3
493,791
3
268,535
3
54.4
3
514,520
3
281,784
3
54.8
3
532,665
3
287,344
3
53.9
Colorado
........................
53.5
53.7
52.5
51.1
72,247
37,840
52.4
76,125
39,434
51.8
79,672
40,772
51.2
Connecticut
....................
55.7
54.5
54.5
53.1
73,529
37,658
51.2
77,410
38,772
50.1
79,848
39,907
50.0
Delaware
........................
54.8
54.6
54.5
54.4
12,554
6,850
54.6
12,869
7,074
55.0
13,369
7,318
54.7
District
of
Columbia
.......
57.2
58.2
56.4
56.8
3
8,724
4,388
3
50.3
9,840
5,187
52.7
3
9,453
4,779
3
50.6
Florida
............................
48.8
48.8
48.3
48.4
256,313
124,473
48.6
262,170
126,796
48.4
271,339
130,336
48.0
Georgia
..........................
3
47.5
3
48.3
3
48.2
3
54.0
3
161,779
86,244
3
53.3
177,832
88,658
49.9
183,674
90,638
49.3
Hawaii
............................
55.3
61.8
62.3
62.7
17,117
10,653
62.2
17,354
10,639
61.3
17,902
10,866
60.7
Idaho
..............................
60.1
59.4
58.6
57.8
23,100
13,207
57.2
23,833
13,426
56.3
24,192
13,641
56.4
Illinois
.............................
55.8
54.2
54.3
3
52.5
3
229,218
118,734
3
51.8
3
234,318
121,758
3
52.0
3
244,164
124,815
3
51.1
Indiana
...........................
48.4
48.1
48.0
47.3
121,748
57,371
47.1
124,097
58,084
46.8
125,236
58,864
47.0
Iowa
...............................
52.5
52.5
52.1
51.7
64,265
32,700
50.9
65,967
32,822
49.8
65,957
33,480
50.8
Kansas
...........................
54.3
53.8
53.7
53.2
59,603
31,527
52.9
60,829
32,003
52.6
63,771
32,969
51.7
Kentucky
........................
45.9
47.5
46.3
3
52.5
3
88,991
40,488
3
45.5
91,088
40,803
44.8
93,332
41,954
45.0
Louisiana
.......................
50.3
49.5
50.5
50.3
98,537
48,599
49.3
99,401
49,124
49.4
101,233
50,031
49.4
Maine
.............................
53.2
52.6
52.3
51.4
30,534
15,700
51.4
31,297
15,890
50.8
32,499
16,349
50.3
Maryland
........................
53.4
55.0
54.4
56.1
87,367
48,318
55.3
93,313
49,840
53.4
93,620
50,995
54.5
Massachusetts
...............
56.4
55.9
55.4
55.3
121,359
67,170
55.3
126,843
69,752
55.0
3
136,257
77,596
3
56.9
Michigan
........................
47.4
48.9
46.9
45.2
202,128
90,529
44.8
209,413
93,220
44.5
210,718
96,111
45.6
Minnesota
......................
62.7
62.7
62.7
55.5
97,365
51,998
53.4
101,583
54,449
53.6
104,546
56,010
53.6
Mississippi
.....................
47.4
47.5
47.6
47.9
61,693
29,441
47.7
65,023
31,140
47.9
63,946
30,722
48.0
Missouri
.........................
48.6
48.4
48.0
55.0
111,067
60,889
54.8
116,304
62,449
53.7
118,104
63,890
54.1
Montana
.........................
3
53.2
3
54.6
3
54.2
3
54.4
3
19,044
10,228
3
53.7
3
18,991
10,221
3
53.8
3
20,036
10,353
3
51.7
Nebraska
.......................
3
53.3
3
53.2
52.9
53.0
37,777
20,065
53.1
38,207
20,310
53.2
39,142
20,766
53.1
Nevada
..........................
56.1
58.1
58.5
58.1
27,830
16,053
57.7
29,132
16,415
56.3
30,247
17,380
57.5
New
Hampshire
.............
54.6
54.2
53.3
53.0
24,778
12,931
52.2
25,574
13,290
52.0
27,129
14,037
51.7
New
Jersey
....................
52.8
52.8
53.2
53.7
166,796
89,671
53.8
171,196
92,264
53.9
178,053
95,883
53.9
New
Mexico
...................
50.2
48.8
48.3
49.0
40,579
19,647
48.4
41,125
19,981
48.6
43,184
19,797
45.8
New
York
.......................
50.7
51.1
51.0
50.9
374,182
190,874
51.0
376,189
197,253
52.4
408,977
202,078
49.4
North
Carolina
...............
52.2
3
52.0
3
52.2
3
51.9
3
149,264
77,785
3
52.1
152,899
79,531
52.0
158,696
81,914
51.6
North
Dakota
.................
56.3
56.0
54.3
54.2
14,862
8,070
54.3
14,765
7,974
54.0
15,132
8,150
53.9
Ohio
...............................
53.2
54.5
55.2
55.1
203,086
110,761
54.5
209,668
113,984
54.4
213,484
116,200
54.4
Oklahoma
......................
53.4
3
50.3
3
47.0
58.0
69,294
40,215
58.0
70,752
40,876
57.8
73,831
41,498
56.2
Oregon
...........................
52.6
52.0
51.8
51.2
53,094
26,935
50.7
53,781
27,152
50.5
55,610
27,803
50.0
Pennsylvania
.................
53.1
53.2
53.0
52.9
205,642
108,014
52.5
209,862
111,065
52.9
216,725
114,525
52.8
Rhode
Island
.................
63.6
65.2
63.5
63.3
17,197
10,598
61.6
17,832
11,124
62.4
17,927
11,041
61.6
South
Carolina
...............
3
54.1
3
53.2
3
53.3
354.0
3
79,219
42,336
3
53.4
3
81,479
43,689
3
53.6
3
85,494
45,468
3
53.2
South
Dakota
.................
55.6
3
55.5
3
53.2
53.2
16,846
9,282
55.1
16,525
9,273
56.1
17,437
9,384
53.8
Tennessee
.....................
3
49.9
3
49.2
54.0
54.0
102,349
54,142
52.9
110,068
59,258
53.8
112,477
60,702
54.0
Texas
.............................
51.9
52.0
52.0
51.8
492,932
254,557
51.6
506,134
259,739
51.3
523,948
267,935
51.1
Utah
...............................
54.0
54.0
53.6
52.7
39,630
21,115
53.3
39,198
21,501
54.9
40,235
21,832
54.3
Vermont
.........................
3
49.1
3
49.3
49.1
49.4
16,388
7,909
48.3
16,817
8,221
48.9
17,408
8,474
48.7
Virginia
...........................
54.5
3
54.3
3
54.3
3
53.5
3
142,743
3
77,575
3
54.3
3
142,544
3
79,323
3
55.6
3
145,522
3
81,073
3
55.7
Washington
....................
51.9
3
51.3
3
51.4
53.5
92,338
49,074
53.1
93,750
49,671
53.0
96,033
50,368
52.4
West
Virginia
.................
54.6
54.6
54.5
54.8
38,499
20,947
54.4
38,655
20,989
54.3
38,709
21,082
54.5
Wisconsin
......................
59.6
53.5
57.9
54.8
3
102,362
55,732
3
54.4
109,266
61,176
56.0
109,951
60,778
55.3
Wyoming
........................
50.7
52.0
51.2
50.5
13,581
6,677
49.2
13,798
6,713
48.7
13,931
6,940
49.8
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
4
 
 
 
61.7
7,840
5,227
66.7
7,782
5,171
66.4
11,588
7,415
64.0
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...........
49.0
52.1
51.4
49.9
1,499
762
50.8
1,524
764
50.1
1,613
801
49.7
Guam
.............................
42.8
38.6
48.3
47.6
2,925
1,363
46.6
3,073
1,052
34.2
3,685
1,809
49.1
Northern
Marianas
.........
39.1
38.6
40.0
41.8
1,085
483
44.5
1,041
496
47.6
956
488
51.0
Puerto
Rico
....................
58.5
58.0
56.4
55.7
69,368
38,953
56.2
68,999
39,781
57.7
71,891
41,349
57.5
Virgin
Islands
.................
47.2
47.9
47.4
49.6
3,153
1,559
49.4
3,055
1,567
51.3
2,964
1,528
51.6
 
Not
available.
1
Data
revised
from
previously
published
data.
2
U.
S.
totals
include
imputations
for
underreporting
and
nonreporting
states.
3
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting.
4
The
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
includes
overseas
schools
only
through
1998.
Data
for
1999
includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
95
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
86.
 
Staff,
enrollment,
and
pupil/
staff
ratios
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
Fall
1993
to
fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Pupil/
staff
ratio
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
1
Fall
1999
Fall
1993
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Staff
Enrollment
Pupil/
staff
ratio
Staff
Enrollment
Pupil/
staff
ratio
Staff
Enrollment
Pupil/
staff
ratio
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
United
States
2
.........
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
5,266,415
46,126,897
8.8
5,419,181
46,538,585
8.6
5,617,397
46,857,321
8.3
Alabama
........................
3
9.1
3
9.0
3
9.0
3
8.8
3
85,945
3
749,207
3
8.7
3
87,654
3
747,980
3
8.5
3
88,482
3
740,732
3
8.4
Alaska
...........................
8.0
3
8.4
3
8.5
3
8.8
3
14,951
132,123
3
8.8
3
16,098
135,373
3
8.4
3
16,086
134,391
3
8.4
Arizona
..........................
9.5
9.9
9.8
10.1
80,907
814,113
10.1
3
85,015
848,262
3
10.0
88,259
852,612
9.7
Arkansas
.......................
8.8
8.9
9.2
3
9.0
3
51,271
456,497
3
8.9
3
40,778
452,256
311.1
59,755
451,034
7.5
California
.......................
3
12.4
3
12.4
3
12.5
3
12.1
3
493,791
3
5,803,887
3
11.8
3
514,520
3
5,926,037
311.5
3
532,665
3
6,038,589
3
11.3
Colorado
.......................
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.5
72,247
687,167
9.5
76,125
699,135
9.2
79,672
708,109
8.9
Connecticut
...................
8.0
7.8
7.8
7.7
73,529
535,164
7.3
77,410
544,698
7.0
79,848
553,993
6.9
Delaware
.......................
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
12,554
111,960
8.9
12,869
113,262
8.8
13,369
112,836
8.4
District
of
Columbia
......
7.6
7.7
8.5
8.4
3
8,724
77,111
3
8.8
9,840
71,889
7.3
3
9,453
77,194
3
8.2
Florida
...........................
9.0
9.3
9.2
9.0
256,313
2,294,077
9.0
262,170
2,337,633
8.9
271,339
2,381,396
8.8
Georgia
.........................
3
7.9
3
7.9
3
7.9
3
8.9
3
161,779
1,375,980
3
8.5
177,832
1,401,291
7.9
183,674
1,422,762
7.7
Hawaii
...........................
9.9
11.1
11.1
11.1
17,117
189,887
11.1
17,354
188,069
10.8
17,902
185,860
10.4
Idaho
.............................
11.8
11.3
11.1
10.8
23,100
244,403
10.6
23,833
244,722
10.3
24,192
245,331
10.1
Illinois
............................
9.5
9.4
9.3
3
8.9
3
229,218
1,998,289
3
8.7
3
234,318
2,011,530
3
8.6
3
244,164
2,027,600
3
8.3
Indiana
..........................
8.5
8.4
8.4
8.2
121,748
986,836
8.1
124,097
989,001
8.0
125,236
988,702
7.9
Iowa
..............................
8.3
8.3
8.1
8.0
64,265
501,054
7.8
65,967
498,214
7.6
65,957
497,301
7.5
Kansas
..........................
8.2
8.1
8.1
8.0
59,603
468,687
7.9
60,829
472,353
7.8
63,771
472,188
7.4
Kentucky
.......................
8.1
8.0
7.8
3
8.8
3
88,991
669,322
3
7.5
91,088
655,687
7.2
93,332
648,180
6.9
Louisiana
.......................
8.6
8.3
8.6
8.4
98,537
776,813
7.9
99,401
768,734
7.7
101,233
756,579
7.5
Maine
............................
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.1
30,534
212,579
7.0
31,297
211,051
6.7
32,499
209,253
6.4
Maryland
.......................
9.3
9.3
9.2
9.6
87,367
830,744
9.5
93,313
841,671
9.0
93,620
846,582
9.0
Massachusetts
..............
8.4
8.3
8.1
8.0
121,359
949,006
7.8
126,843
962,317
7.6
3
136,257
971,425
3
7.1
Michigan
........................
9.4
9.8
9.2
8.6
202,128
1,702,717
8.4
209,413
3
1,720,287
3
8.2
210,718
3
1,725,617
3
8.2
Minnesota
.....................
10.8
11.0
11.2
9.8
97,365
853,621
8.8
101,583
856,455
8.4
104,546
854,034
8.2
Mississippi
.....................
8.5
8.3
8.3
8.2
61,693
504,792
8.2
65,023
502,379
7.7
63,946
500,716
7.8
Missouri
.........................
7.7
7.5
7.4
8.3
111,067
910,613
8.2
116,304
913,494
7.9
118,104
914,110
7.7
Montana
........................
3
8.7
3
8.9
3
8.9
3
8.7
3
19,044
162,335
3
8.5
3
18,991
159,988
3
8.4
3
20,036
157,556
3
7.9
Nebraska
.......................
3
7.7
3
7.7
7.6
7.7
37,777
292,681
7.7
38,207
291,140
7.6
39,142
288,261
7.4
Nevada
..........................
10.5
10.9
11.2
11.1
27,830
296,621
10.7
29,132
311,061
10.7
30,247
325,610
10.8
New
Hampshire
............
8.5
8.5
8.4
8.3
24,778
201,629
8.1
25,574
204,713
8.0
27,129
206,783
7.6
New
Jersey
...................
7.2
7.3
7.3
7.5
166,796
1,250,276
7.5
171,196
1,268,996
7.4
178,053
1,289,256
7.2
New
Mexico
..................
8.8
8.4
8.2
8.2
40,579
331,673
8.2
41,125
328,753
8.0
43,184
324,495
7.5
New
York
......................
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.8
374,182
2,861,823
7.6
376,189
2,877,143
7.6
408,977
2,887,776
7.1
North
Carolina
...............
8.5
3
8.4
3
8.4
3
8.3
3
149,264
1,236,083
3
8.3
152,899
1,254,821
8.2
158,696
1,275,925
8.0
North
Dakota
.................
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.3
14,862
118,572
8.0
14,765
114,927
7.8
15,132
112,751
7.5
Ohio
..............................
9.0
9.1
9.4
9.4
203,086
1,847,114
9.1
209,668
1,842,163
8.8
213,484
1,836,554
8.6
Oklahoma
......................
8.3
3
7.8
3
7.4
3
9.1
69,294
623,681
9.0
70,752
628,492
8.9
73,831
627,032
8.5
Oregon
..........................
10.3
10.4
10.3
10.3
53,094
541,346
10.2
53,781
542,809
10.1
55,610
545,033
9.8
Pennsylvania
.................
9.1
9.1
9.0
9.0
205,642
1,815,151
8.8
209,862
1,816,414
8.7
216,725
1,816,716
8.4
Rhode
Island
.................
9.4
9.6
9.1
9.0
17,197
153,321
8.9
17,832
154,785
8.7
17,927
156,454
8.7
South
Carolina
..............
3
9.0
3
8.7
3
8.6
3
8.5
3
79,219
3
659,273
3
8.3
3
81,479
3
664,600
3
8.2
3
85,494
666,780
3
7.8
South
Dakota
................
8.3
3
8.0
3
8.0
7.9
16,846
142,443
8.5
16,525
132,495
8.0
17,437
131,037
7.5
Tennessee
....................
3
9.4
3
9.2
3
9.0
3
8.9
102,349
3
893,044
3
8.7
110,068
3
905,454
3
8.2
112,477
3
916,202
3
8.1
Texas
............................
8.3
8.2
8.1
8.0
492,932
3,891,877
7.9
506,134
3,945,367
7.8
523,948
3,991,783
7.6
Utah
..............................
13.4
13.1
12.8
12.9
39,630
482,957
12.2
39,198
481,176
12.3
40,235
480,255
11.9
Vermont
........................
3
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.8
16,388
105,984
6.5
16,817
105,120
6.3
17,408
104,559
6.0
Virginia
..........................
8.0
3
7.9
3
7.9
3
7.9
3
142,743
1,110,815
3
7.8
142,544
1,124,022
7.9
3
145,522
1,133,994
3
7.8
Washington
...................
10.4
3
10.4
3
10.5
3
10.8
92,338
991,235
10.7
93,750
998,053
10.6
96,033
1,003,714
10.5
West
Virginia
.................
8.2
8.1
7.9
8.0
38,499
301,419
7.8
38,655
297,530
7.7
38,709
291,811
7.5
Wisconsin
......................
9.5
8.5
9.1
8.8
3
102,362
881,780
3
8.6
109,266
879,542
8.0
109,951
877,753
8.0
Wyoming
.......................
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.4
13,581
97,115
7.2
13,798
95,241
6.9
13,931
92,105
6.6
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
4
 
 
 
10.0
7,840
78,254
10.0
7,782
78,170
10.0
11,588
107,585
9.3
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
..........
10.8
10.8
10.3
10.0
1,499
15,214
10.1
1,524
15,372
10.1
1,613
15,477
9.6
Guam
............................
8.1
6.8
8.8
10.2
2,925
32,444
11.1
3,073
32,222
10.5
3,685
32,951
8.9
Northern
Marianas
........
7.4
8.0
8.4
8.6
1,085
9,246
8.5
1,041
9,498
9.1
956
9,732
10.2
Puerto
Rico
...................
9.3
5
9.0
5
9.0
5
8.7
69,368
617,157
8.9
68,999
613,862
8.9
71,891
613,019
8.5
Virgin
Islands
................
6.8
5
7.2
5
6.6
5
7.0
3,153
22,136
7.0
3,055
20,976
6.9
2,964
20,866
7.0
 
Not
available.
1
Data
revised
from
previously
published
data.
2
U.
S.
totals
include
imputations
for
underreporting
and
nonreporting
states.
3
Includes
imputations
for
underreporting.
4
Includes
overseas
schools
only
through
1998.
Data
for
1999
includes
both
overseas
and
domestic
schools.
5
Support
staff
underreported.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
estimates.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
96
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
PRINCIPALS
Table
87.
 
Principals
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
selected
characteristics:
1993
 
94
Selected
characteristics
Total
1
Percent
of
principals,
by
highest
degree
earned
2
Average
years
of
experience
Average
annual
salary
of
principals,
by
length
of
school
year
3
Bachelor's
Master's
Education
specialist
Doctor's
and
firstprofessional
As
a
principal
Prior
teaching
experience
Total
10
months
or
less
11
months
12
months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Public
schools
Total
................................
79,618
1.4
63.4
25.8
9.3
8.7
11.0
$
54,858
$
50,103
$
53,117
$
58,399
Men
.............................
52,114
1.1
65.1
24.7
9.1
10.3
10.0
54,922
49,545
52,946
58,492
Women
.......................
27,505
2.0
60.2
27.9
9.8
5.6
13.0
54,736
50,908
53,439
58,195
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....
67,081
1.5
62.8
26.5
9.2
9.0
10.8
54,466
48,797
52,893
58,311
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
8,018
0.0
64.3
23.7
11.9
7.1
12.7
57,669
58,346
54,061
58,836
Hispanic
.......................
3,269
2.7
74.5
17.3
5.5
6.3
11.3
55,862
50,035
54,898
59,597
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
.....................
620
6.7
50.9
25.4
17.0
5.6
11.7
59,447
56,916
(
4)
(
4)
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.........
631
1.1
65.8
24.8
8.2
8.2
9.9
51,117
46,401
49,121
55,337
Age
Under
40
.....................
5,936
4.5
71.2
18.9
5.3
2.8
7.8
46,542
41,817
46,877
49,779
40
to
44
......................
14,571
1.6
65.4
26.2
6.7
5.0
10.3
52,038
48,033
49,581
55,443
45
to
49
......................
25,427
0.9
59.8
30.0
9.3
7.1
11.4
55,423
50,663
53,705
58,872
50
to
54
......................
18,868
1.0
63.9
24.9
10.3
10.3
11.8
56,559
52,464
54,279
59,643
55
or
over
...................
14,817
1.4
63.8
22.4
12.4
15.1
11.6
57,826
52,414
56,355
62,148
Type
of
school
Elementary
..................
53,684
1.5
64.1
25.7
8.6
8.9
11.2
54,161
50,306
52,930
57,620
Secondary
...................
18,262
1.2
63.1
25.4
10.3
8.0
10.6
56,601
47,100
53,982
60,204
Combined
...................
2,747
2.6
60.2
27.8
9.4
7.5
10.9
52,825
50,729
51,879
54,040
Private
schools
Total
................................
25,015
25.9
51.6
8.2
5.9
8.8
9.4
$
32,075
$
21,994
$
32,215
$
35,295
Men
.............................
11,606
23.1
49.6
6.8
9.2
9.0
7.6
35,597
21,144
41,663
38,350
Women
.......................
13,410
28.3
53.3
9.4
3.0
8.6
11.1
29,185
22,537
27,818
32,231
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....
23,133
25.6
52.1
8.1
5.8
8.7
9.5
31,969
21,289
32,071
35,283
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
1,060
26.5
43.6
11.0
4.6
8.3
7.4
34,383
(
4)
(
4)
35,801
Hispanic
.......................
524
34.5
44.0
9.2
12.1
10.1
12.1
31,350
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Age
Under
40
.....................
4,794
38.1
36.6
8.2
1.4
3.5
5.0
26,308
17,903
33,527
29,420
40
to
44
......................
4,403
35.9
45.5
8.5
5.3
5.3
7.9
30,486
20,004
30,127
33,044
45
to
49
......................
5,144
22.2
59.0
8.1
5.5
8.3
9.9
34,641
23,945
31,812
38,932
50
to
54
......................
4,120
15.1
59.1
7.7
11.0
9.6
11.1
37,727
27,338
35,421
40,097
55
or
over
...................
6,553
20.0
56.0
8.3
6.8
14.8
12.4
31,781
23,679
31,308
35,144
Type
of
school
Elementary
..................
13,354
26.1
54.2
8.0
4.7
9.4
10.4
28,779
23,427
30,050
30,687
Secondary
...................
2,304
6.0
67.4
14.0
12.4
7.8
10.5
43,683
(
4)
40,018
45,195
Combined
...................
6,772
29.4
44.2
6.6
5.5
8.0
7.5
33,634
17,957
39,884
37,490
1
Total
differs
from
data
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
processing
procedures
and
time
period
coverages.

2
Percentages
for
those
with
less
than
a
bachelor's
degree
are
not
shown.

3
Excludes
principals
reporting
a
salary
of
$
0.
About
7.4
percent
of
private
school
principals
had
$
0
salary.
If
these
principals
are
included
in
the
average
annual
salary
calculations
the
average
for
all
private
school
principals
is
$
29,714.
4
Too
few
cases
for
reliable
estimate.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and
survey
item
nonresponse.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
97
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
88.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
students,
schools,
pupil/
teacher
ratios,
and
finances,
by
type
of
locale:
1998
and
1999
Characteristic
Total
Central
city
of
large
MSA1
Central
city
of
midsize
MSA2
Urban
fringe
of
large
MSA3
Urban
fringe
of
midsize
MSA4
Large
town
5
Small
town
6
Rural
outside
an
MSA7
Rural
within
an
MSA8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Schools,
enrollment,
and
teachers,
1999
 
2000
Enrollment,
in
thousands
.............................
46,689
7,423
6,616
14,692
4,555
626
4,747
4,323
3,707
Schools
.........................................................
92,012
11,662
11,911
22,854
8,267
1,330
11,847
16,159
7,980
Average
school
size
9
...................................
521
680
567
655
566
485
413
273
471
Pupil/
teacher
ratio
10
....................................
16.6
17.4
16.4
17.5
16.7
16.2
15.7
14.6
15.9
Enrollment
(
percent
distribution)
..................
100.0
15.9
14.2
31.5
9.8
1.3
10.2
9.3
7.9
Schools
(
percent
distribution)
......................
100.0
12.7
12.9
24.8
9.0
1.4
12.9
17.6
8.7
Revenues
and
expenditures,
1997
 
98
(
in
millions)

Total
revenue
...............................................
$
328,155
$
55,429
$
45,726
$
107,576
$
29,791
$
3,921
$
30,682
$
29,519
$
25,511
Federal
....................................................
21,238
5,330
3,529
4,664
1,675
295
2,326
2,401
1,018
Impact
aid
............................................
805
51
92
169
69
7
92
297
28
Bilingual
education
...............................
62
27
7
9
3
1
5
9
2
Indian
education
..................................
52
5
5
4
2
2
11
21
2
Children
with
disabilites
.......................
2,554
504
385
753
223
39
265
219
167
Eisenhower
science
awards
................
205
52
34
50
15
3
22
18
10
Drug
Free
schools
...............................
337
82
55
95
25
5
31
25
18
Chapter
2
(
block
grants)
......................
264
60
45
62
20
5
29
27
16
Vocational
education
...........................
536
152
87
103
44
8
63
53
26
Title
I
....................................................
6,948
2,036
1,230
1,236
490
97
796
757
306
Other
and
unclassified
.........................
9,476
2,361
1,590
2,183
783
129
1,012
975
444
State
........................................................
156,580
26,029
23,763
44,791
14,562
2,106
16,577
16,289
12,464
State
school
lunch
programs
...............
358
64
47
107
37
4
38
34
27
Local
........................................................
150,337
24,070
18,435
58,121
13,553
1,521
11,779
10,829
12,029
Property
tax
11
......................................
93,951
12,926
10,567
39,044
8,638
966
7,758
6,775
7,276
Parent
government
contribution11
.......
24,333
6,515
3,671
8,225
1,955
144
854
1,136
1,832
Lunch
sales
..........................................
4,761
449
606
1,645
512
63
513
485
488
Transportation
......................................
52
2
6
29
4
1
4
3
3
Other
....................................................
27,240
4,177
3,584
9,177
2,444
347
2,650
2,430
2,429
Total
revenue
(
percent
distribution)
.............
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Federal
....................................................
6.5
9.6
7.7
4.3
5.6
7.5
7.6
8.1
4.0
State
........................................................
47.7
47.0
52.0
41.6
48.9
53.7
54.0
55.2
48.9
Local
........................................................
45.8
43.4
40.3
54.0
45.5
38.8
38.4
36.7
47.2
Total
expenditures
........................................
$
332,839
$
56,879
$
45,795
$
109,073
$
30,277
$
3,943
$
31,084
$
29,424
$
26,364
Current
expenditures
for
schools
............
279,835
48,032
39,521
91,066
25,117
3,421
26,396
24,895
21,386
Instruction
............................................
173,418
29,849
24,525
56,204
15,657
2,131
16,462
15,315
13,275
Operation
and
maintenance
................
26,534
4,802
3,705
8,714
2,328
332
2,431
2,279
1,944
Food
service
........................................
11,512
2,002
1,685
3,111
1,089
156
1,304
1,290
876
Other
....................................................
68,372
11,379
9,606
23,038
6,044
802
6,200
6,011
5,292
Other
current
expenditures
.....................
9,921
2,097
1,090
3,234
788
89
862
968
793
Interest
on
school
debt
............................
7,394
1,164
877
2,661
715
71
605
504
798
Capital
outlay
...........................................
35,688
5,586
4,307
12,112
3,658
362
3,220
3,057
3,387
Current
expenditures
(
percent
distribution)
................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Instruction
................................................
62.0
62.1
62.1
61.7
62.3
62.3
62.4
61.5
62.1
Operation
and
maintenance
....................
9.5
10.0
9.4
9.6
9.3
9.7
9.2
9.2
9.1
Food
service
............................................
4.1
4.2
4.3
3.4
4.3
4.5
4.9
5.2
4.1
Other
........................................................
24.4
23.7
24.3
25.3
24.1
23.5
23.5
24.1
24.7
Current
expenditure
per
student
..................
$
6,123
$
6,574
$
6,076
$
6,439
$
5,661
$
5,453
$
5,547
$
5,719
$
5,993
Instruction
expenditure
per
student
.............
3,795
4,085
3,770
3,974
3,529
3,396
3,459
3,518
3,720
1
Central
city
of
metropolitan
statistical
area
(
MSA)
with
population
of
400,000
or
more
or
a
population
density
of
6,000
or
more
persons
per
square
mile.
2
Central
city
of
an
MSA
but
not
designated
as
a
large
central
city.
3
Place
within
the
MSA
of
a
large
central
city.
4
Place
within
the
MSA
of
a
midsize
central
city.
5
Place
not
within
an
MSA
but
with
population
of
25,000
or
more
and
defined
as
urban.
6
Place
not
within
an
MSA
with
a
population
of
at
least
2,500,
but
less
than
25,000.
7
Place
with
a
population
of
less
than
2,500
outside
an
MSA.
8
Place
with
a
population
of
less
than
2,500
within
an
MSA.
9
Average
for
schools
reporting
enrollment.
10
Ratio
for
schools
reporting
both
full­
time­
equivalent
teachers
and
fall
enrollment
data.
11
Property
tax
and
parent
government
contributions
are
determined
on
the
basis
of
independence
or
dependence
of
the
local
school
system
and
are
mutually
exclusive.

NOTE:
The
enrollment
of
schools
within
a
school
district
was
used
to
determine
the
locale
classification
of
a
district.
The
predominant
locale
of
enrollment
within
a
district
was
used
for
the
entire
district.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census
Survey
of
Local
Government
Finances,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
98
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
89.
 
Public
school
districts
and
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1869
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
School
year
Regular
public
school
districts
1
Public
schools
2
Private
schools
2,3
Total,
all
schools
4
Total,
schools
with
reported
grade
spans
5
Schools
with
elementary
grades
Schools
with
secondary
grades
Total
4
Schools
with
elementary
grades
Schools
with
secondary
grades
Total
One­
teacher
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1869
 
70
............................
 
116,312
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1879
 
80
............................
 
178,122
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1889
 
90
............................
 
224,526
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1899
 
1900
........................
 
248,279
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1909
 
10
............................
 
265,474
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1919
 
20
............................
 
271,319
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1929
 
30
............................
 
247,289
 
238,306
149,282
23,930
 
9,275
3,258
1937
 
38
............................
119,001
 
 
221,660
121,178
25,467
 
9,992
3,327
1939
 
40
............................
117,108
 
 
 
113,600
 
 
11,306
3,568
1945
 
46
............................
101,382
 
 
160,227
86,563
24,314
 
9,863
3,294
1947
 
48
............................
94,926
 
 
146,760
75,096
25,484
 
10,071
3,292
1949
 
50
............................
83,718
 
 
128,225
59,652
24,542
 
10,375
3,331
1951
 
52
............................
71,094
 
 
123,763
50,742
23,746
 
10,666
3,322
1953
 
54
............................
63,057
 
 
110,875
42,865
25,637
 
11,739
3,913
1955
 
56
............................
54,859
 
 
104,427
34,964
26,046
 
12,372
3,887
1957
 
58
............................
47,594
 
 
95,446
25,341
25,507
 
13,065
3,994
1959
 
60
............................
40,520
 
 
91,853
20,213
25,784
 
13,574
4,061
1961
 
62
............................
35,676
 
 
81,910
13,333
25,350
 
14,762
4,129
1963
 
64
............................
31,705
 
 
77,584
9,895
26,431
 
 
4,451
1965
 
66
............................
26,983
 
 
73,216
6,491
26,597
17,849
15,340
4,606
1967
 
68
............................
22,010
 
94,197
70,879
4,146
27,011
 
 
 
1970
 
71
............................
17,995
 
89,372
65,800
1,815
25,352
 
14,372
3,770
1973
 
74
............................
16,730
 
88,655
65,070
1,365
25,906
 
 
 
1975
 
76
............................
16,376
88,597
87,034
63,242
1,166
25,330
 
 
 
1976
 
77
............................
16,271
 
86,501
62,644
1,111
25,378
19,910
16,385
5,904
1978
 
79
............................
16,014
 
84,816
61,982
1,056
24,504
19,489
16,097
5,766
1979
 
80
............................
15,929
87,004
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1980
 
81
............................
15,912
85,982
83,688
61,069
921
24,362
20,764
16,792
5,678
1982
 
83
............................
15,824
84,740
82,039
59,656
798
23,988
 
 
 
1983
 
84
............................
15,747
84,178
81,418
59,082
838
23,947
6
27,694
6
20,872
6
7,862
1984
 
85
............................
 
84,007
81,147
58,827
825
23,916
 
 
 
1985
 
86
............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
6
25,616
6
20,252
6
7,387
1986
 
87
............................
7
15,713
83,455
82,190
60,784
763
23,389
 
 
 
1987
 
88
............................
7
15,577
83,248
81,416
59,754
729
23,841
6
26,807
6
22,959
6
8,418
1988
 
89
............................
7
15,376
83,165
81,579
60,176
583
23,638
 
 
 
1989
 
90
............................
7
15,367
83,425
81,880
60,699
630
23,461
 
 
 
1990
 
91
............................
7
15,358
84,538
82,475
61,340
617
23,460
6
24,690
6
22,223
6
8,989
1991
 
92
............................
7
15,173
84,578
82,506
61,739
569
23,248
6
25,998
6
23,523
6
9,282
1992
 
93
............................
7
15,025
84,497
82,896
62,225
430
23,220
 
 
 
1993
 
94
............................
7
14,881
85,393
83,431
62,726
442
23,379
6
26,093
6
23,543
6
10,555
1994
 
95
............................
7
14,772
86,221
84,476
63,572
458
23,668
 
 
 
1995
 
96
............................
7
14,766
87,125
84,958
63,961
474
23,793
27,686
25,153
10,942
1996
 
97
............................
7
14,841
88,223
86,092
64,785
487
24,287
 
 
 
1997
 
98
............................
7
14,805
89,508
87,541
65,859
476
24,802
27,402
24,915
10,779
1998
 
99
............................
7
14,891
90,874
89,259
67,183
463
25,797
 
 
 
1999
 
2000
........................
7
14,928
92,012
90,538
68,173
423
26,407
27,223
24,685
10,693
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
operating
and
nonoperating
districts.
2
Schools
with
both
elementary
and
secondary
programs
are
included
under
elementary
schools
and
also
under
secondary
schools.
3
Data
for
most
years
are
partly
estimated.
4
Includes
regular
schools
and
special
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.
5
Includes
elementary,
secondary,
and
combined
elementary/
secondary
schools.
6
These
data
are
from
sample
surveys
and
should
not
be
compared
directly
with
the
data
for
earlier
years.
7
Because
of
expanded
survey
coverage,
data
are
not
directly
comparable
with
figures
prior
to
1986.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools;
Private
Schools
in
American
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)

Table
90.
 
Public
school
districts
and
enrollment,
by
size
of
district:
1989
 
90
to
1999
 
2000
Enrollment
size
of
district
Number
of
districts
1999
 
2000
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
Number
of
districts
Percent
of
districts
Percent
of
students
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
.............................
15,367
15,358
15,025
14,881
14,772
14,766
14,841
14,805
14,891
14,928
100.0
100.0
25,000
or
more
.................
179
190
202
206
207
216
226
230
236
238
1.6
32.1
10,000
to
24,999
..............
479
489
510
525
542
553
569
572
574
579
3.9
18.7
5,000
to
9,999
..................
913
937
955
973
996
1,013
1,024
1,038
1,026
1,036
6.9
15.4
2,500
to
4,999
..................
1,937
1,940
2,002
2,008
2,013
2,027
2,069
2,079
2,062
2,068
13.9
15.6
1,000
to
2,499
..................
3,547
3,542
3,530
3,570
3,579
3,554
3,536
3,524
3,496
3,457
23.2
12.1
600
to
999
........................
1,801
1,799
1,798
1,785
1,777
1,777
1,772
1,775
1,790
1,814
12.2
3.1
300
to
599
........................
2,283
2,275
2,200
2,162
2,113
2,104
2,066
2,044
2,066
2,081
13.9
2.0
1
to
299
............................
3,910
3,816
3,465
3,294
3,173
3,123
3,160
3,165
3,245
3,298
22.1
1.0
Size
not
reported
..............
318
370
363
358
372
399
419
378
396
357
2.4
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Size
not
reported
includes
school
districts
reporting
enrollment
of
0.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
99
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
91.
 
Number
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
local
education
agencies,
by
state
and
type
of
agency:
1998
 
99
and
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Total
agencies
Regular
school
districts,
including
supervisory
union
components
Regional
education
service
agencies
and
supervisory
union
administrative
centers
State­
operated
agencies
Federally
operated
agencies
Other
agencies
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
............
16,501
16,793
14,891
14,928
1,179
1,273
138
137
8
1
285
454
Alabama
........................
134
131
128
128
0
0
3
3
3
0
0
0
Alaska
............................
55
55
53
53
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
Arizona
..........................
377
422
368
413
6
6
2
2
0
0
1
1
Arkansas
........................
328
328
310
310
15
15
3
3
0
0
0
0
California
.......................
1,058
1,057
988
987
58
58
12
12
0
0
0
0
Colorado
........................
199
198
176
176
23
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
Connecticut
...................
195
195
166
166
6
6
4
4
0
0
19
19
Delaware
.......................
26
28
19
19
0
0
3
3
0
0
4
6
District
of
Columbia
.......
1
28
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27
Florida
...........................
73
73
67
67
0
0
1
1
0
0
5
5
Georgia
..........................
180
180
180
180
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Hawaii
............................
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Idaho
.............................
115
114
114
113
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Illinois
............................
1,060
1,055
940
896
84
154
5
5
0
0
31
0
Indiana
...........................
328
328
295
295
29
29
3
3
0
0
1
1
Iowa
...............................
406
405
375
375
15
15
15
15
1
0
0
0
Kansas
..........................
304
304
304
304
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Kentucky
........................
176
176
176
176
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Louisiana
.......................
76
82
70
75
0
0
6
7
0
0
0
0
Maine
.............................
325
326
282
283
39
39
4
4
0
0
0
0
Maryland
........................
24
24
24
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Massachusetts
..............
472
477
351
351
85
85
1
1
0
0
35
40
Michigan
........................
794
799
732
737
57
57
4
4
0
0
1
1
Minnesota
......................
455
468
392
407
60
57
3
4
0
0
0
0
Mississippi
.....................
162
162
152
152
0
0
10
10
0
0
0
0
Missouri
.........................
531
531
525
525
0
0
2
2
0
0
4
4
Montana
........................
538
534
459
455
77
77
2
2
0
0
0
0
Nebraska
.......................
720
709
604
593
111
111
5
5
0
0
0
0
Nevada
..........................
18
18
17
17
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
New
Hampshire
.............
249
257
179
179
70
78
0
0
0
0
0
0
New
Jersey
....................
620
662
608
604
12
12
0
0
0
0
0
46
New
Mexico
...................
89
89
89
89
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
New
York
.......................
743
745
705
707
38
38
0
0
0
0
0
0
North
Carolina
...............
180
201
120
120
0
0
2
2
2
0
56
79
North
Dakota
.................
272
272
231
231
38
38
3
3
0
0
0
0
Ohio
...............................
779
806
675
708
78
73
3
3
0
0
23
22
Oklahoma
......................
559
556
547
544
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
12
Oregon
..........................
221
221
197
197
21
21
2
2
1
1
0
0
Pennsylvania
.................
648
666
501
501
101
101
15
15
0
0
31
49
Rhode
Island
.................
37
37
36
36
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
South
Carolina
...............
104
104
90
90
14
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
South
Dakota
.................
199
199
176
176
18
18
5
5
0
0
0
0
Tennessee
.....................
139
139
139
139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Texas
.............................
1,103
1,203
1,042
1,041
0
20
0
0
0
0
61
142
Utah
...............................
47
47
40
40
5
5
2
2
0
0
0
0
Vermont
.........................
349
348
287
287
61
60
1
1
0
0
0
0
Virginia
...........................
166
169
135
135
30
34
0
0
1
0
0
0
Washington
...................
305
305
296
296
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
West
Virginia
.................
57
57
55
55
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
Wisconsin
......................
445
445
426
426
16
16
3
3
0
0
0
0
Wyoming
........................
59
57
48
48
3
5
7
4
0
0
1
0
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
schools
..........
24
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
24
24
0
0
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
...
 
17
 
0
 
0
 
0
 
17
 
0
Overseas
schools
...
12
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
11
0
0
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...........
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
.............................
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
.........
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
....................
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Virgin
Islands
.................
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
New
category
for
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
schools
introduced
in
1998.
Data
that
had
formerly
been
reported
by
some
states
under
federally
operated
agencies
are
now
reported
under
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
100
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Districts
with
more
than
15,000
students
......................
 
16,552,027
19,275,813
19,483,584
43.6
56.4
25.9
23.7
6.1
0.7
1,126,392
17.3
2,132,381
9.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
27,869
Baldwin
County
...........................
AL
17,479
22,176
22,337
80.7
19.3
17.5
1.1
0.4
0.3
1,568
14.2
2,892
7.7
6.1
5.6
6.8
8.4
3.3
1,014
46
Birmingham
City
..........................
AL
41,536
39,493
38,120
3.4
96.6
95.8
0.4
0.3
 
2,547
15.0
3,895
9.8
4.0
4.1
5.7
3.7
1.7
1,685
95
Huntsville
City
.............................
AL
23,945
23,559
23,100
54.0
46.0
41.5
1.7
2.5
0.4
1,697
13.6
2,930
7.9
2.6
2.4
3.0
3.0
1.9
1,221
48
Jefferson
County
.........................
AL
40,664
41,892
41,310
77.3
22.7
21.7
0.6
0.4
 
2,731
15.1
4,905
8.4
4.5
3.2
5.0
5.8
4.2
2,527
63
Madison
County
..........................
AL
13,861
14,977
15,466
81.6
18.4
12.7
1.0
0.6
4.1
915
16.9
1,746
8.9
5.0
3.8
4.9
7.6
4.1
709
23
Mobile
County
.............................
AL
67,203
65,324
65,067
47.5
52.5
49.9
0.5
1.7
0.4
4,089
15.9
7,636
8.5
4.5
5.6
4.8
3.1
3.9
3,101
105
Montgomery
County
....................
AL
35,956
33,994
33,229
25.3
74.7
72.9
0.6
1.0
0.1
2,125
15.6
4,011
8.3
4.0
1.8
5.1
5.6
4.1
1,518
60
Shelby
County
.............................
AL
16,089
19,211
19,689
85.9
14.1
11.8
1.3
0.9
0.1
1,348
14.6
2,498
7.9
3.6
2.7
3.5
3.8
4.6
1,026
31
Tuscaloosa
County
.....................
AL
14,426
15,768
15,589
75.0
25.0
24.0
0.6
0.4
0.1
1,032
15.1
1,893
8.2
4.3
4.5
5.0
5.2
2.1
821
27
Anchorage
...................................
AK
42,300
49,587
49,382
64.7
35.3
8.7
5.4
9.1
12.1
2,764
17.9
5,544
8.9
2.5
1.4
1.9
3.5
3.4
2,609
93
Fairbanks
North
Star
Borough
....
AK
14,961
16,226
15,999
72.7
27.3
8.0
3.3
2.9
13.1
896
17.9
1,721
9.3
11.1
12.1
12.2
10.6
8.0
777
33
Amphitheater
Unified
...................
AZ
13,835
16,428
16,552
65.3
34.7
3.3
26.4
2.8
2.1
862
19.2
1,831
9.0
6.5
9.0
7.4
4.9
3.7
953
19
Cartwright
Elementary
.................
AZ
14,369
17,746
18,337
20.6
79.4
9.4
67.6
0.8
1.5
876
20.9
1,956
9.4
 
 
 
 
 
 
20
Chandler
Unified
.........................
AZ
11,038
19,166
18,690
60.0
40.0
4.9
30.6
3.0
1.5
1,045
17.9
1,966
9.5
4.6
5.0
4.3
4.8
4.2
822
23
Deer
Valley
Unified
.....................
AZ
15,898
24,429
25,467
85.1
14.9
2.4
9.2
2.4
0.8
1,310
19.4
2,420
10.5
3.2
1.7
3.1
3.8
4.7
1,248
26
Gilbert
Unified
.............................
AZ
10,863
24,732
26,483
82.5
17.5
2.6
11.4
2.8
0.6
1,515
17.5
2,728
9.7
0.4
0.7
0.8
0.0
0.0
 
27
Kyrene
Elementary
......................
AZ
10,487
19,526
19,512
76.5
23.5
4.6
11.3
6.3
1.4
1,048
18.6
1,842
10.6
 
 
 
 
 
 
24
Mesa
Unified
...............................
AZ
62,470
71,284
71,894
69.9
30.1
3.2
21.2
2.0
3.7
3,556
20.2
7,143
10.1
4.6
3.2
5.1
4.8
5.4
3,888
86
Paradise
Valley
Unified
...............
AZ
26,698
34,956
34,625
82.8
17.2
2.3
11.6
2.4
0.9
1,778
19.5
3,101
11.2
3.9
1.4
3.5
4.5
6.5
2,086
44
Peoria
Unified
..............................
AZ
20,846
31,316
31,063
75.2
24.8
4.0
17.3
2.7
0.8
1,629
19.1
3,031
10.2
3.6
2.8
3.3
4.9
3.5
1,729
33
Phoenix
Union
High
....................
AZ
18,182
21,534
21,726
20.1
79.9
11.5
62.9
2.1
3.4
1,209
18.0
2,458
8.8
11.3
7.8
11.3
12.9
14.6
3,282
13
Scottsdale
Unified
.......................
AZ
19,741
26,796
26,767
85.3
14.7
2.0
9.1
2.6
1.0
1,526
17.5
2,601
10.3
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.7
0.7
590
31
Tucson
Unified
............................
AZ
56,177
62,670
62,548
43.0
57.0
6.7
43.9
2.5
3.9
3,352
18.7
7,057
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
120
Washington
Elementary
..............
AZ
22,446
25,099
24,557
63.2
36.8
5.6
25.6
3.0
2.8
1,376
17.8
2,562
9.6
 
 
 
 
 
 
32
Little
Rock
...................................
AR
25,813
24,441
25,308
28.0
72.0
68.1
2.3
1.4
0.1
1,655
15.3
3,432
7.4
2.9
1.4
4.9
2.8
2.2
1,414
53
Pulaski
County
Special
...............
AR
21,495
19,437
19,045
64.3
35.7
33.8
1.2
0.6
0.2
1,130
16.9
2,535
7.5
19.2
18.8
24.3
16.9
16.6
975
37
ABC
Unified
.................................
CA
20,972
22,206
22,201
15.0
85.0
10.1
34.2
40.3
0.3
1,050
21.1
1,952
11.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,634
30
Alum
Rock
Union
Elementary
.....
CA
16,078
16,244
15,886
6.2
93.8
2.5
70.7
20.4
0.2
720
22.1
1,288
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
25
Alvord
Unified
..............................
CA
14,853
17,147
17,295
35.6
64.4
6.3
51.9
5.8
0.4
753
23.0
1,284
13.5
 
 
 
 
 
788
18
Anaheim
Elementary
...................
CA
14,972
20,927
21,820
11.5
88.5
2.2
79.8
6.4
0.2
968
22.5
1,672
13.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
23
Anaheim
Union
High
...................
CA
23,086
27,712
28,543
29.8
70.2
3.6
50.4
15.7
0.5
1,153
24.8
2,164
13.2
 
 
 
 
 
3,104
21
Antelope
Valley
Union
High
........
CA
10,937
17,103
17,646
49.8
50.2
15.4
29.6
4.4
0.7
713
24.7
1,276
13.8
 
 
 
 
 
2,678
8
Antioch
Unified
............................
CA
13,045
18,522
19,261
53.9
46.1
13.0
22.7
9.1
1.2
915
21.1
1,485
13.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,074
20
Bakersfield
City
Elementary
........
CA
24,911
27,176
27,488
20.6
79.4
13.9
62.1
2.0
1.3
1,441
19.1
2,487
11.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
42
Baldwin
Park
Unified
...................
CA
15,878
16,951
17,051
3.6
96.4
1.6
87.3
7.0
0.3
728
23.4
1,327
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
736
21
Burbank
Unified
...........................
CA
12,057
14,887
15,373
52.4
47.6
2.2
37.1
8.3
0.1
728
21.1
1,359
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
873
20
Cajon
Valley
Union
Elementary
..
CA
17,328
19,294
19,211
65.4
34.6
6.6
23.6
3.1
1.3
897
21.4
1,563
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
26
Capistrano
Unified
.......................
CA
26,852
42,196
43,648
74.1
25.9
1.5
17.6
6.4
0.4
1,992
21.9
3,352
13.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,265
39
Chaffey
Union
High
.....................
CA
13,505
18,615
19,339
36.2
63.8
9.8
47.3
6.4
0.4
800
24.2
1,428
13.5
 
 
 
 
 
3,378
9
Chino
Unified
...............................
CA
23,257
31,084
31,545
43.8
56.2
5.2
40.7
10.1
0.2
1,390
22.7
2,347
13.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,706
30
Chula
Vista
Elementary
..............
CA
17,604
21,338
22,165
21.9
78.1
5.0
61.1
11.3
0.7
1,122
19.8
1,928
11.5
 
 
 
 
 
 
37
Clovis
Unified
..............................
CA
23,224
31,487
31,933
62.1
37.9
3.0
19.9
13.6
1.4
1,441
22.2
2,847
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,990
35
Colton
Joint
Unified
.....................
CA
16,415
20,851
21,708
21.0
79.0
9.1
65.8
3.5
0.7
996
21.8
1,745
12.4
 
 
 
 
 
782
25
Compton
Unified
.........................
CA
27,585
29,409
30,775
0.3
99.7
33.7
64.9
1.0
0.1
1,279
24.1
2,698
11.4
 
 
 
 
 
848
39
Conejo
Valley
Unified
..................
CA
17,209
19,852
20,501
76.1
23.9
1.4
15.2
6.7
0.6
916
22.4
1,614
12.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,257
28
Corona­
Norco
Unified
.................
CA
23,036
33,168
35,148
46.0
54.0
5.8
42.1
5.5
0.6
1,642
21.4
2,735
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,863
37
Cupertino
Union
Elementary
.......
CA
12,227
15,228
15,444
47.1
52.9
1.2
3.9
47.6
0.1
701
22.0
1,129
13.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
24
Desert
Sands
Unified
..................
CA
16,058
22,037
22,815
33.3
66.7
2.2
62.3
1.9
0.4
996
22.9
1,765
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,244
24
Downey
Unified
...........................
CA
15,418
20,439
21,081
19.6
80.4
4.2
68.7
6.8
0.6
879
24.0
1,540
13.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,184
22
East
Side
Union
High
..................
CA
21,973
24,259
24,577
16.9
83.1
5.0
39.6
37.9
0.6
1,115
22.0
1,965
12.5
 
 
 
 
 
4,278
16
Elk
Grove
Unified
........................
CA
27,246
42,484
45,094
39.5
60.5
19.7
16.9
22.6
1.4
2,098
21.5
3,846
11.7
 
 
 
 
 
2,184
50
Escondido
Union
Elementary
......
CA
14,663
18,255
18,700
40.4
59.6
2.8
52.5
3.7
0.6
914
20.5
1,661
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
20
Fairfield­
Suisun
Unified
...............
CA
20,227
21,708
21,914
41.9
58.1
21.9
20.2
15.1
0.9
1,069
20.5
1,657
13.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,015
26
101
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Folsom­
Cordova
Unified
.............
CA
12,656
14,823
15,620
72.5
27.5
9.6
9.3
8.2
0.5
726
21.5
1,319
11.8
 
 
 
 
 
858
25
Fontana
Unified
...........................
CA
27,043
34,339
35,644
15.6
84.4
10.5
71.3
2.1
0.5
1,609
22.2
2,677
13.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,575
35
Fremont
Unified
...........................
CA
27,172
30,919
31,160
42.3
57.7
4.4
14.2
38.5
0.6
1,406
22.2
2,295
13.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,769
43
Fresno
Unified
.............................
CA
71,500
78,942
78,766
21.0
79.0
11.3
47.9
18.9
0.8
3,847
20.5
7,196
10.9
 
 
 
 
 
3,302
95
Garden
Grove
Unified
.................
CA
37,969
46,916
48,031
20.6
79.4
1.3
47.5
30.3
0.3
2,056
23.4
3,931
12.2
 
 
 
 
 
2,562
65
Glendale
Unified
..........................
CA
25,459
30,312
30,374
57.0
43.0
1.3
24.6
17.0
0.2
1,373
22.1
2,648
11.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,921
32
Grossmont
Union
High
................
CA
18,647
23,234
23,452
67.9
32.1
6.8
18.2
5.3
1.8
973
24.1
2,303
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
4,286
13
Hacienda
La
Puente
Unified
.......
CA
23,267
22,824
25,161
11.1
88.9
3.3
67.5
17.6
0.5
1,036
24.3
1,934
13.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,348
37
Hayward
Unified
..........................
CA
19,122
23,149
23,773
19.7
80.3
17.3
41.5
20.7
0.8
1,147
20.7
1,932
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,083
33
Hemet
Unified
.............................
CA
12,811
16,335
16,811
63.5
36.5
3.4
30.3
1.8
1.0
774
21.7
1,300
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
833
20
Hesperia
Unified
..........................
CA
13,113
15,204
15,204
58.7
41.3
6.0
33.0
1.5
0.8
670
22.7
1,228
12.4
 
 
 
 
 
881
19
Inglewood
Unified
........................
CA
16,355
17,057
17,126
0.4
99.6
41.3
57.4
0.9
 
730
23.5
1,239
13.8
 
 
 
 
 
584
18
Irvine
Unified
...............................
CA
20,735
23,123
23,392
59.9
40.1
2.0
7.1
30.5
0.5
1,014
23.1
1,775
13.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,641
33
Jurupa
Unified
.............................
CA
15,419
18,393
19,048
35.2
64.8
5.1
57.3
2.0
0.4
832
22.9
1,474
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
782
24
Kern
Union
High
..........................
CA
20,183
27,678
28,452
45.3
54.7
7.7
41.9
4.2
1.0
966
29.5
2,108
13.5
 
 
 
 
 
5,327
24
Lake
Elsinore
Unified
..................
CA
11,000
15,764
16,556
58.5
41.5
4.0
32.8
3.0
1.6
703
23.5
1,350
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
781
19
Lodi
Unified
.................................
CA
23,954
26,115
26,394
43.0
57.0
6.7
26.8
22.9
0.6
1,315
20.1
2,378
11.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,648
41
Long
Beach
Unified
.....................
CA
71,342
89,214
91,465
18.3
81.7
19.9
43.8
17.6
0.4
4,079
22.4
8,451
10.8
 
 
 
 
 
3,953
86
Los
Angeles
Unified
....................
CA
625,086
695,885
710,007
10.2
89.8
13.2
69.9
6.4
0.3
33,754
21.0
63,576
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
26,968
655
Lynwood
Unified
..........................
CA
15,469
16,860
17,520
0.4
99.6
11.8
84.4
3.3
0.1
749
23.4
1,507
11.6
 
 
 
 
 
670
14
Madera
Unified
............................
CA
13,728
16,431
15,681
22.7
77.3
3.3
72.6
1.3
0.1
714
22.0
1,388
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
732
19
Manteca
Unified
..........................
CA
13,356
16,666
18,332
55.6
44.4
6.2
29.4
7.4
1.4
901
20.4
1,472
12.5
 
 
 
 
 
849
22
Modesto
City
Elementary
............
CA
17,405
18,528
18,725
36.0
64.0
5.8
47.7
9.3
1.2
829
22.6
1,467
12.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
27
Montebello
Unified
......................
CA
32,938
33,999
34,256
3.3
96.7
0.4
91.6
4.6
0.1
1,370
25.0
2,561
13.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,616
28
Moreno
Valley
Unified
.................
CA
29,064
31,642
32,348
30.1
69.9
23.6
40.0
6.0
0.4
1,495
21.6
2,872
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,646
32
Mt.
Diablo
Unified
........................
CA
32,840
36,122
36,436
63.9
36.1
4.8
19.0
11.8
0.4
1,663
21.9
2,907
12.5
 
 
 
 
 
2,045
54
Napa
Valley
Unified
....................
CA
13,705
16,317
16,414
61.5
38.5
2.3
31.2
3.4
1.6
801
20.5
1,369
12.0
 
 
 
 
 
905
34
Newport­
Mesa
Unified
.................
CA
16,434
20,716
21,364
56.6
43.4
1.0
36.3
5.8
0.3
1,037
20.6
1,845
11.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,082
30
Norwalk­
La
Mirada
Unified
..........
CA
19,179
22,592
23,140
21.6
78.4
4.8
65.3
8.0
0.3
1,030
22.5
2,495
9.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,026
29
Oakland
Unified
...........................
CA
52,095
54,256
55,051
5.6
94.4
48.9
26.9
18.2
0.4
2,865
19.2
5,398
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,618
93
Oceanside
City
Unified
...............
CA
17,034
21,537
22,215
33.1
66.9
13.3
44.4
8.6
0.7
989
22.5
1,796
12.4
 
 
 
 
 
806
26
Ontario­
Montclair
Elementary
.....
CA
21,033
25,151
25,802
13.5
86.5
6.6
76.0
3.5
0.4
1,208
21.4
2,128
12.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
31
Orange
Unified
............................
CA
25,224
29,927
30,858
47.1
52.9
2.2
38.2
12.1
0.4
1,442
21.4
2,633
11.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,643
41
Oxnard
Elementary
.....................
CA
12,212
15,386
15,769
12.1
87.9
3.8
80.7
3.1
0.3
706
22.4
1,243
12.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
19
Pajaro
Valley
Joint
Unified
..........
CA
16,355
19,400
19,767
22.9
77.1
0.5
73.9
2.4
0.3
1,012
19.5
1,929
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
855
30
Palm
Springs
Unified
..................
CA
14,427
19,358
20,216
33.3
66.7
5.8
56.3
3.7
1.0
954
21.2
1,721
11.7
 
 
 
 
 
820
23
Palmdale
Elementary
..................
CA
13,199
19,402
20,038
32.9
67.1
19.5
43.4
3.4
0.8
879
22.8
1,433
14.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
22
Paramount
Unified
......................
CA
12,855
16,700
16,784
4.3
95.7
14.0
77.7
3.6
0.3
777
21.6
1,369
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
576
16
Pasadena
Unified
........................
CA
21,802
23,329
23,485
15.9
84.1
30.6
49.4
3.9
0.2
1,132
20.7
2,377
9.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,084
30
Placentia­
Yorba
Linda
Unified
....
CA
21,438
25,443
25,772
61.8
38.2
1.7
27.5
8.7
0.2
1,173
22.0
2,010
12.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,467
30
Pomona
Unified
...........................
CA
26,918
32,819
33,617
9.1
90.9
10.3
73.2
7.3
0.1
1,503
22.4
2,693
12.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,128
38
Poway
Unified
.............................
CA
24,662
31,845
32,536
70.6
29.4
2.8
8.6
17.5
0.5
1,498
21.7
2,755
11.8
 
 
 
 
 
2,026
29
Redlands
Unified
.........................
CA
16,002
18,781
19,006
48.6
51.4
8.3
31.6
10.4
1.1
844
22.5
1,455
13.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,186
21
Rialto
Unified
...............................
CA
19,794
26,096
27,088
14.2
85.8
26.3
55.8
3.6
0.2
1,216
22.3
2,214
12.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,197
26
Riverside
Unified
.........................
CA
31,326
36,713
37,597
43.2
56.8
10.4
41.3
4.6
0.6
1,690
22.2
3,237
11.6
 
 
 
 
 
2,004
44
Rowland
Unified
..........................
CA
19,143
18,953
19,083
9.4
90.6
5.8
56.9
27.8
0.1
860
22.2
1,646
11.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,072
22
Sacramento
City
Unified
.............
CA
49,557
51,378
51,898
25.5
74.5
21.8
25.3
26.1
1.3
2,440
21.3
4,367
11.9
 
 
 
 
 
2,346
77
Saddleback
Valley
Unified
..........
CA
25,130
34,009
34,657
71.3
28.7
2.2
15.9
10.2
0.4
1,600
21.7
2,525
13.7
 
 
 
 
 
2,012
37
San
Bernardino
City
Unified
.......
CA
40,589
48,907
50,340
21.6
78.4
20.1
53.2
3.8
1.3
2,314
21.8
4,263
11.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,860
62
San
Diego
City
Unified
................
CA
121,152
138,433
140,743
27.5
72.5
16.6
37.2
18.1
0.6
7,341
19.2
13,792
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
6,301
177
San
Francisco
Unified
.................
CA
61,688
61,042
60,896
11.9
88.1
15.6
21.5
50.3
0.7
3,188
19.1
4,720
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
3,506
116
San
Jose
Unified
.........................
CA
29,630
32,843
33,035
30.3
69.7
3.3
50.0
14.7
1.6
1,474
22.4
2,421
13.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,686
53
San
Juan
Unified
.........................
CA
47,690
47,799
48,052
76.0
24.0
6.2
9.8
6.0
2.0
2,149
22.4
4,354
11.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,904
84
San
Ramon
Valley
Unified
..........
CA
16,119
19,822
20,216
80.8
19.2
1.8
4.1
12.6
0.7
934
21.6
1,687
12.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,381
27
Santa
Ana
Unified
.......................
CA
45,964
56,071
58,043
3.0
97.0
1.0
91.9
4.1
 
2,651
21.9
4,891
11.9
 
 
 
 
 
2,062
50
Simi
Valley
Unified
......................
CA
18,262
20,123
20,604
71.8
28.2
1.6
18.1
7.3
1.2
911
22.6
1,649
12.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,196
28
Stockton
City
Unified
...................
CA
32,687
36,124
36,771
14.8
85.2
13.9
44.4
24.1
2.8
1,792
20.5
3,366
10.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,216
44
102
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Sweetwater
Union
High
..............
CA
27,894
33,027
34,010
16.8
83.2
4.8
65.5
12.2
0.6
1,501
22.7
2,671
12.7
 
 
 
 
 
4,084
23
Temecula
Valley
Unified
.............
CA
7,596
15,939
17,449
71.3
28.7
4.3
17.2
5.7
1.4
866
20.1
1,461
11.9
 
 
 
 
 
762
20
Torrance
Unified
..........................
CA
19,645
23,433
23,809
47.1
52.9
3.7
16.2
32.3
0.7
1,148
20.7
1,937
12.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,750
30
Tustin
Unified
..............................
CA
10,831
15,712
16,192
41.4
58.6
3.6
43.5
11.1
0.4
738
21.9
1,283
12.6
 
 
 
 
 
863
23
Vallejo
City
Unified
......................
CA
19,049
20,271
20,424
19.7
80.3
35.5
17.6
26.4
0.8
931
21.9
1,772
11.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,053
28
Ventura
Unified
...........................
CA
15,383
17,287
17,344
57.7
42.3
2.4
35.5
3.2
1.2
759
22.9
1,460
11.9
 
 
 
 
 
938
28
Visalia
Unified
.............................
CA
21,309
24,273
23,902
44.4
55.6
2.3
45.7
6.8
0.9
1,192
20.0
1,800
13.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,406
33
Vista
Unified
................................
CA
18,489
26,469
28,173
47.5
52.5
5.9
40.3
5.5
0.8
1,222
23.0
2,201
12.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,373
27
West
Contra
Costa
Unified
.........
CA
31,292
33,898
34,214
18.0
82.0
33.6
29.7
18.4
0.2
1,694
20.2
3,029
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,703
59
William
S.
Hart
Union
High
.........
CA
10,278
15,068
15,848
70.5
29.5
3.0
20.1
6.1
0.3
682
23.3
1,163
13.6
 
 
 
 
 
2,104
12
Academy
20
................................
CO
10,986
15,821
16,775
87.5
12.5
3.4
4.8
3.1
1.1
971
17.3
1,774
9.5
 
 
 
 
 
999
27
Adams­
Arapahoe
........................
CO
25,897
29,027
29,639
44.1
55.9
23.8
26.4
4.8
0.9
1,553
19.1
3,296
9.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,113
47
Boulder
Valley
.............................
CO
21,502
26,880
26,974
81.5
18.5
1.7
11.1
4.9
0.8
1,617
16.7
3,567
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,582
57
Cherry
Creek
...............................
CO
29,210
40,089
41,052
78.7
21.3
8.7
6.5
5.7
0.4
2,385
17.2
4,271
9.6
 
 
 
 
 
2,514
49
Colorado
Springs
........................
CO
30,009
32,589
31,586
71.2
28.8
9.7
15.6
2.3
1.1
1,761
17.9
3,471
9.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,669
63
Denver
County
............................
CO
59,013
68,790
69,693
23.4
76.6
20.8
51.1
3.4
1.3
4,010
17.4
8,376
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
2,500
124
Douglas
County
...........................
CO
13,125
29,847
32,446
91.1
8.9
1.3
4.4
2.7
0.5
1,851
17.5
3,592
9.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,385
50
Greeley
........................................
CO
11,657
14,584
15,335
56.3
43.7
1.1
40.8
1.2
0.6
874
17.5
1,546
9.9
 
 
 
 
 
573
30
Jefferson
County
.........................
CO
76,275
88,654
88,579
83.7
16.3
1.3
11.0
3.2
0.8
4,323
20.5
9,252
9.6
 
 
 
 
 
5,027
158
Littleton
........................................
CO
15,524
16,399
16,373
89.5
10.5
1.3
6.0
2.3
0.8
947
17.3
1,890
8.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,084
25
Mesa
County
Valley
....................
CO
17,024
19,146
19,324
84.5
15.5
0.8
12.8
0.9
1.0
1,090
17.7
2,104
9.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,035
39
Northglenn­
Thornton
...................
CO
20,838
27,955
28,947
71.4
28.6
2.2
20.8
4.2
1.4
1,499
19.3
2,971
9.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,495
45
Poudre
.........................................
CO
18,589
23,178
23,434
83.6
16.4
1.5
11.0
2.8
1.1
1,281
18.3
2,550
9.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,314
45
Pueblo
City
..................................
CO
18,364
17,789
17,564
41.6
58.4
2.2
53.9
0.7
1.7
990
17.7
1,736
10.1
 
 
 
 
 
971
36
St.
Vrain
Valley
...........................
CO
15,070
18,397
18,750
76.2
23.8
0.6
20.1
2.0
1.0
946
19.8
1,827
10.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,043
33
Bridgeport
....................................
CT
19,687
22,221
22,310
12.4
87.6
42.0
42.5
2.9
0.1
1,479
15.1
2,811
7.9
8.4
9.3
10.2
7.0
5.2
713
37
Hartford
.......................................
CT
25,418
22,466
22,538
4.7
95.3
41.4
53.1
0.8
0.1
1,703
13.2
3,270
6.9
12.1
16.8
10.1
8.4
6.2
597
36
New
Haven
..................................
CT
17,881
19,336
19,293
11.8
88.2
57.2
28.4
2.6
 
1,414
13.6
3,013
6.4
7.7
6.2
9.4
8.9
6.2
654
49
Waterbury
....................................
CT
13,323
15,348
15,782
35.6
64.4
25.9
36.5
1.6
0.4
1,135
13.9
1,975
8.0
4.5
6.0
3.4
3.8
3.5
501
27
Christina
......................................
DE
17,872
20,352
20,445
55.6
44.4
34.7
6.4
3.2
0.1
1,289
15.9
2,178
9.4
6.2
6.4
8.9
5.6
2.6
898
27
Red
Clay
Consolidated
...............
DE
14,551
15,927
15,729
54.1
45.9
30.3
12.1
3.3
0.1
945
16.6
1,740
9.0
4.6
4.8
5.3
5.9
1.9
713
26
District
of
Columbia
.....................
DC
80,694
71,889
70,762
4.4
95.6
85.2
8.7
1.6
 
4,779
14.8
9,453
7.5
8.2
8.7
10.9
7.6
3.8
2,675
162
Alachua
County
...........................
FL
26,305
29,674
29,922
55.3
44.7
38.3
3.9
2.3
0.2
1,680
17.8
3,978
7.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,475
60
Bay
County
..................................
FL
21,827
25,936
25,812
80.6
19.4
15.6
1.4
2.0
0.3
1,450
17.8
3,060
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,149
40
Brevard
County
...........................
FL
56,503
68,681
69,661
79.5
20.5
14.3
4.2
1.7
0.3
3,765
18.5
7,267
9.6
 
 
 
 
 
3,285
103
Broward
County
..........................
FL
161,101
231,187
241,094
43.0
57.0
36.3
17.7
2.7
0.3
11,322
21.3
22,243
10.8
 
 
 
 
 
9,562
234
Charlotte
County
.........................
FL
13,030
16,557
16,753
86.7
13.3
8.0
3.8
1.4
0.2
816
20.5
1,957
8.6
 
 
 
 
 
931
25
Clay
County
.................................
FL
21,925
27,342
27,609
85.1
14.9
9.3
3.4
2.0
0.2
1,559
17.7
3,149
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,315
29
Collier
County
..............................
FL
20,850
30,790
32,306
59.1
40.9
11.5
28.2
0.7
0.5
1,763
18.3
4,015
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,324
48
Dade
County
...............................
FL
292,023
352,536
360,136
11.9
88.1
32.3
54.4
1.3
0.1
18,104
19.9
35,029
10.3
 
 
 
 
 
14,179
350
Duval
County
...............................
FL
111,142
127,411
126,362
50.9
49.1
42.8
3.4
2.7
0.1
6,423
19.7
11,504
11.0
 
 
 
 
 
4,684
177
Escambia
County
........................
FL
42,950
45,667
45,297
58.6
41.4
36.4
1.6
2.7
0.7
2,612
17.3
5,595
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
2,082
82
Hernando
County
........................
FL
12,831
16,421
16,809
85.9
14.1
7.8
5.4
0.8
0.1
907
18.5
2,266
7.4
 
 
 
 
 
814
22
Hillsborough
County
....................
FL
124,337
156,452
159,517
53.1
46.9
24.2
20.3
2.2
0.3
9,610
16.6
19,387
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
6,766
203
Lake
County
................................
FL
21,065
27,817
28,548
74.9
25.1
16.7
7.3
0.9
0.2
1,574
18.1
3,431
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,301
48
Lee
County
..................................
FL
43,240
54,779
56,109
68.3
31.7
15.9
14.5
1.1
0.3
3,021
18.6
6,128
9.2
 
 
 
 
 
2,541
75
Leon
County
................................
FL
27,241
31,614
31,123
57.3
42.7
39.0
1.9
1.7
0.1
1,833
17.0
4,188
7.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,535
56
Manatee
County
..........................
FL
26,207
34,083
35,463
67.5
32.5
17.6
13.8
1.0
0.1
1,952
18.2
4,374
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,236
66
Marion
County
.............................
FL
29,577
37,915
38,405
69.9
30.1
22.0
7.1
0.7
0.3
2,124
18.1
4,963
7.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,665
60
Martin
County
..............................
FL
11,692
15,938
16,145
75.5
24.5
11.4
12.0
0.9
0.3
891
18.1
1,835
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
705
27
Okaloosa
County
.........................
FL
26,140
30,414
30,254
81.0
19.0
12.4
3.3
2.8
0.4
1,692
17.9
3,495
8.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,765
48
Orange
County
............................
FL
102,672
138,866
144,231
46.1
53.9
29.1
20.9
3.5
0.3
8,273
17.4
17,536
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
5,792
173
Osceola
County
...........................
FL
19,514
30,127
31,866
53.1
46.9
9.5
34.5
2.6
0.2
1,565
20.4
3,758
8.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,376
37
Palm
Beach
County
....................
FL
105,712
146,568
149,665
51.0
49.0
30.0
16.6
2.1
0.5
8,138
18.4
16,708
9.0
 
 
 
 
 
6,336
175
Pasco
County
..............................
FL
33,891
46,065
47,691
88.3
11.7
3.7
6.7
1.1
0.2
2,745
17.4
6,307
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,964
51
103
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Pinellas
County
...........................
FL
92,976
110,582
111,793
73.4
26.6
19.2
4.3
2.9
0.2
6,328
17.7
13,696
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
4,940
162
Polk
County
.................................
FL
64,579
77,300
78,685
64.5
35.5
23.5
11.0
0.9
0.2
4,575
17.2
9,592
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
3,360
131
Saint
Johns
County
.....................
FL
12,080
18,341
19,046
86.2
13.8
10.8
1.9
0.9
0.2
1,085
17.6
2,175
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
892
29
Saint
Lucie
County
......................
FL
22,224
28,877
29,356
58.7
41.3
30.4
9.7
1.0
0.2
1,740
16.9
3,786
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,022
41
Santa
Rosa
County
.....................
FL
15,708
22,021
22,226
91.2
8.8
5.3
1.6
1.4
0.6
1,197
18.6
2,174
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,106
36
Sarasota
County
.........................
FL
26,881
33,958
34,569
82.5
17.5
9.9
6.1
1.3
0.2
1,991
17.4
4,335
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,588
43
Seminole
County
.........................
FL
48,831
58,156
59,326
70.7
29.3
14.4
11.9
2.8
0.3
3,132
18.9
6,001
9.9
 
 
 
 
 
2,972
65
Volusia
County
............................
FL
48,342
59,851
60,688
74.5
25.5
16.0
8.3
1.0
0.2
3,637
16.7
7,801
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
2,785
91
Atlanta
City
..................................
GA
60,714
60,541
59,429
6.8
93.2
89.7
2.4
1.0
0.1
3,891
15.3
7,601
7.8
8.9
10.2
8.2
7.6
8.5
1,859
99
Bibb
County
.................................
GA
24,378
24,620
24,702
29.8
70.2
68.8
0.6
0.6
0.2
1,579
15.6
3,314
7.5
9.2
2.8
15.1
8.7
16.1
769
42
Chatham
County
.........................
GA
34,044
36,729
36,111
32.0
68.0
64.5
1.7
1.7
0.2
2,301
15.7
4,445
8.1
8.5
8.8
8.6
6.5
9.8
1,113
49
Cherokee
County
........................
GA
16,086
24,341
24,969
92.3
7.7
3.0
3.7
0.9
0.2
1,546
16.2
2,904
8.6
4.4
0.3
1.7
4.0
14.7
1,157
30
Clayton
County
............................
GA
34,754
44,068
45,266
27.3
72.7
62.8
5.1
4.7
0.1
2,801
16.2
6,101
7.4
10.6
10.7
9.3
11.3
11.6
1,682
48
Cobb
County
...............................
GA
69,441
91,208
93,657
68.7
31.3
22.3
5.6
3.2
0.2
5,815
16.1
10,728
8.7
4.0
2.4
4.1
5.2
4.9
4,794
93
Columbia
County
.........................
GA
14,096
18,617
18,722
81.9
18.1
12.8
1.7
3.5
0.2
1,071
17.5
2,271
8.2
4.1
4.4
2.7
3.6
5.5
1,048
23
Coweta
County
............................
GA
10,430
15,792
16,210
73.4
26.6
24.8
1.2
0.6
0.1
987
16.4
2,092
7.8
9.4
9.6
10.7
9.5
7.1
632
23
De
Kalb
County
...........................
GA
74,108
93,171
95,283
13.1
86.9
77.4
5.5
3.9
0.1
5,885
16.2
11,890
8.0
8.2
7.7
7.2
7.2
10.9
3,909
120
Dougherty
....................................
GA
18,482
17,310
17,068
17.7
82.3
81.4
0.4
0.3
0.1
1,109
15.4
2,527
6.8
7.8
9.1
7.8
8.2
4.9
585
28
Douglas
County
...........................
GA
14,002
16,770
16,978
75.1
24.9
21.3
2.1
1.1
0.3
1,155
14.7
2,240
7.6
4.5
3.6
5.4
4.5
4.4
764
25
Fayette
County
............................
GA
13,105
18,911
19,154
82.0
18.0
13.3
1.9
2.7
0.1
1,336
14.3
2,437
7.9
3.0
2.5
3.5
2.8
3.0
1,187
23
Forsyth
County
............................
GA
7,742
14,299
15,703
95.3
4.7
0.2
4.0
0.2
0.3
964
16.3
1,946
8.1
5.8
1.9
5.5
7.1
10.8
573
20
Fulton
County
..............................
GA
41,195
65,642
67,025
49.3
50.7
40.1
5.6
4.8
0.1
4,306
15.6
8,596
7.8
7.3
3.9
4.7
7.3
14.1
2,906
66
Gwinnett
County
..........................
GA
63,930
98,784
104,552
68.2
31.8
15.0
8.4
8.3
0.1
6,664
15.7
12,172
8.6
4.8
4.9
4.7
5.0
4.6
4,868
84
Hall
County
..................................
GA
13,738
18,795
19,546
76.4
23.6
6.0
16.3
0.8
0.5
1,234
15.8
2,182
9.0
5.4
0.7
4.4
7.4
13.3
709
28
Henry
County
..............................
GA
10,929
20,300
21,784
79.2
20.8
17.4
1.7
1.6
0.1
1,282
17.0
2,511
8.7
6.2
1.4
5.0
8.3
14.2
812
24
Houston
County
..........................
GA
16,249
20,825
21,389
64.5
35.5
32.0
1.8
1.6
0.2
1,377
15.5
2,699
7.9
5.9
6.5
5.2
5.3
6.7
1,202
33
Muscogee
County
.......................
GA
30,038
33,349
33,303
35.8
64.2
60.1
2.6
1.3
0.2
2,153
15.5
4,804
6.9
6.9
6.6
7.4
8.1
5.4
1,415
51
Paulding
County
..........................
GA
7,604
14,328
15,233
91.1
8.9
7.3
1.0
0.2
0.3
978
15.6
1,824
8.4
9.0
2.6
9.5
10.5
20.1
506
20
Richmond
County
........................
GA
33,660
36,326
36,120
28.9
71.1
68.1
1.9
1.0
0.1
2,221
16.3
4,668
7.7
6.7
7.5
7.1
5.9
5.4
1,581
56
Hawaii
Dept
of
Education
...........
HI
171,309
188,069
185,860
20.5
79.5
2.4
4.6
72.2
0.4
10,866
17.1
17,901
10.4
 
 
 
 
 
9,714
256
Boise
City
Independent
...............
ID
23,394
26,808
26,776
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,462
18.3
2,657
10.1
9.2
6.2
10.3
11.9
8.7
1,669
51
Meridian
Junction
........................
ID
14,802
21,918
22,820
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,182
19.3
2,099
10.9
3.9
4.1
3.8
3.8
3.8
1,288
31
City
of
Chicago
............................
IL
408,714
430,914
431,750
10.0
90.0
52.5
34.2
3.2
0.2
23,455
18.4
28,068
15.4
16.2
18.1
19.0
14.1
9.9
16,195
597
Community
Unit
300
...................
IL
11,196
15,790
16,136
75.2
24.8
4.4
18.3
1.7
0.4
882
18.3
1,028
15.7
4.3
4.1
4.6
4.0
4.4
835
21
Indian
Prairie
...............................
IL
7,670
19,644
21,641
80.8
19.2
6.8
4.1
8.1
0.2
1,289
16.8
1,512
14.3
2.2
0.2
1.1
3.5
4.5
843
28
Naperville
....................................
IL
16,212
18,473
18,592
83.9
16.1
2.3
2.2
11.3
0.3
1,068
17.4
1,267
14.7
0.8
0.0
0.6
1.0
1.9
1,219
21
Peoria
..........................................
IL
17,378
16,018
15,929
40.5
59.5
55.3
2.3
1.8
0.1
1,086
14.7
1,254
12.7
14.1
16.9
10.6
16.7
11.9
831
44
Rockford
......................................
IL
27,255
27,602
27,308
53.1
46.9
30.4
13.1
3.2
0.2
1,650
16.6
2,017
13.5
13.0
16.0
13.5
9.8
10.2
1,232
53
Schaumburg
................................
IL
15,583
16,066
15,805
68.3
31.7
7.2
9.3
15.0
0.1
959
16.5
1,142
13.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
27
School
District
46
........................
IL
27,726
34,094
35,546
57.0
43.0
7.5
28.8
6.5
0.1
2,082
17.1
2,438
14.6
5.8
1.2
4.0
8.3
12.8
1,617
52
Springfield
...................................
IL
15,813
15,359
15,180
64.3
35.7
32.8
1.1
1.6
0.2
954
15.9
1,155
13.1
6.1
4.0
6.2
7.5
7.6
795
36
Evansville­
Vanderburgh
SC
........
IN
22,918
23,328
23,022
83.6
16.4
14.9
0.6
0.7
0.2
1,461
15.8
2,938
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,438
40
Fort
Wayne
Community
..............
IN
31,611
31,680
31,507
66.2
33.8
25.7
5.6
2.0
0.5
1,733
18.2
3,554
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,710
55
Gary
Community
SC
...................
IN
26,620
19,983
19,652
0.4
99.6
97.8
1.7
0.1
 
1,059
18.6
2,854
6.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,114
39
Indianapolis
.................................
IN
48,140
42,084
41,359
35.9
64.1
59.7
3.7
0.6
0.1
2,656
15.6
5,220
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,313
86
MSD
Lawrence
Township
...........
IN
11,066
14,832
15,214
68.0
32.0
26.6
2.7
2.4
0.2
877
17.4
1,953
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
913
19
South
Bend
Community
SC
........
IN
21,425
21,084
21,300
53.1
46.9
35.6
8.9
1.6
0.6
1,355
15.7
3,031
7.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,097
38
Vigo
County
SC
..........................
IN
16,982
16,867
16,747
91.2
8.8
7.1
0.5
1.1
0.1
967
17.3
1,990
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,050
31
Cedar
Rapids
..............................
IA
16,988
17,961
17,934
87.6
12.4
8.0
1.7
2.1
0.5
1,113
16.1
2,159
8.3
1.8
1.1
1.4
3.0
1.7
1,019
33
Davenport
....................................
IA
17,841
17,202
17,307
72.8
27.2
17.9
5.6
2.5
1.2
1,169
14.8
1,985
8.7
2.6
1.3
2.7
3.9
2.8
986
35
Des
Moines
Independent
............
IA
30,514
31,406
31,509
72.7
27.3
14.5
7.4
4.7
0.7
2,115
14.9
3,919
8.0
5.0
6.1
4.7
5.8
2.9
1,589
63
Blue
Valley
..................................
KS
9,432
16,027
16,632
92.1
7.9
2.3
1.4
4.0
0.2
1,118
14.9
2,076
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,017
27
Kansas
City
.................................
KS
21,948
21,032
21,001
25.8
74.2
52.9
17.2
3.5
0.5
1,336
15.7
2,995
7.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,006
44
Olathe
..........................................
KS
14,868
19,461
20,228
87.8
12.2
5.2
3.5
2.9
0.5
1,368
14.8
2,567
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,131
36
Shawnee
Mission
........................
KS
30,563
31,489
31,196
88.3
11.7
4.3
4.1
2.9
0.4
2,076
15.0
3,909
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,070
56
104
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Wichita
.........................................
KS
46,847
47,479
47,778
54.1
45.9
23.3
14.7
5.6
2.4
3,284
14.5
6,067
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
2,026
94
Fayette
County
............................
KY
32,083
33,124
33,267
73.6
26.4
24.1
2.2
0.0
0.1
2,405
13.8
4,907
6.8
3.9
4.1
3.6
4.1
3.6
1,691
62
Jefferson
County
.........................
KY
91,450
101,438
97,053
63.1
36.9
34.4
1.3
1.2
0.1
5,360
18.1
12,889
7.5
7.3
7.2
7.6
7.7
6.4
5,172
175
Bossier
Parish
SB
.......................
LA
17,804
18,674
18,800
66.7
33.3
29.5
2.2
1.3
0.2
1,136
16.5
2,374
7.9
6.9
6.2
8.3
6.9
6.0
947
35
Caddo
Parish
SB
........................
LA
51,375
47,089
46,222
36.8
63.2
61.8
0.6
0.7
0.1
2,976
15.5
6,679
6.9
12.6
15.8
11.2
8.3
13.9
2,209
74
Calcasieu
Parish
SB
...................
LA
32,917
33,115
32,562
65.9
34.1
32.9
0.5
0.5
0.2
2,190
14.9
4,507
7.2
6.0
6.7
6.6
5.0
5.3
1,849
60
East
Baton
Rouge
Parish
SB
.....
LA
61,669
56,527
55,652
30.0
70.0
67.4
0.6
2.0
 
3,768
14.8
7,392
7.5
14.7
14.4
16.2
13.0
14.8
2,691
104
Jefferson
Parish
SB
....................
LA
58,177
53,615
51,835
41.8
58.2
46.2
7.2
4.2
0.6
3,397
15.3
7,196
7.2
12.1
13.9
13.6
10.2
9.3
2,588
84
Lafayette
Parish
SB
....................
LA
29,403
30,618
30,266
61.0
39.0
37.0
0.8
1.1
0.2
1,973
15.3
3,660
8.3
10.5
13.1
10.6
8.7
8.6
1,584
44
Lafourche
Parish
SB
...................
LA
16,173
15,741
15,371
72.5
27.5
22.0
1.1
1.1
3.3
1,209
12.7
2,222
6.9
7.2
3.9
8.0
9.2
7.8
836
28
Livingston
Parish
SB
...................
LA
16,310
19,184
19,412
93.6
6.4
5.7
0.4
0.2
0.1
1,215
16.0
2,261
8.6
3.2
3.5
3.6
3.7
1.3
925
36
Orleans
Parish
SB
......................
LA
82,925
82,176
80,526
4.3
95.7
92.3
1.2
2.2
0.1
5,023
16.0
9,157
8.8
13.8
12.1
13.9
11.0
19.0
3,507
124
Ouachita
Parish
SB
.....................
LA
17,667
17,472
17,248
73.0
27.0
25.9
0.5
0.6
 
1,177
14.7
2,338
7.4
11.0
9.8
11.2
11.6
12.2
827
31
Rapides
Parish
SB
......................
LA
24,765
23,933
23,897
55.2
44.8
42.3
0.6
1.1
0.9
1,609
14.9
3,319
7.2
6.9
6.7
7.3
7.3
6.4
1,370
55
Saint
Landry
Parish
SB
...............
LA
17,213
15,981
15,726
45.3
54.7
54.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
1,054
14.9
2,178
7.2
6.2
6.9
7.5
6.2
3.4
817
37
Saint
Tammany
Parish
SB
..........
LA
27,522
32,553
32,261
82.7
17.3
15.3
1.1
0.8
0.1
2,225
14.5
4,481
7.2
6.8
9.0
6.0
5.9
5.2
1,790
51
Tangipahoa
Parish
SB
................
LA
16,724
18,728
18,642
54.5
45.5
44.4
0.7
0.4
0.1
1,079
17.3
2,247
8.3
9.9
10.0
12.4
8.9
7.0
937
37
Terrebonne
Parish
SB
................
LA
21,116
20,610
20,128
63.0
37.0
27.0
0.7
1.4
7.9
1,379
14.6
2,672
7.5
10.8
11.6
10.6
11.8
8.3
1,052
43
Anne
Arundel
County
..................
MD
65,011
74,079
74,663
75.7
24.3
19.5
2.1
2.6
0.2
4,225
17.7
7,411
10.1
5.3
4.9
6.5
6.2
3.3
4,126
118
Baltimore
City
..............................
MD
108,663
106,540
103,000
11.3
88.7
87.2
0.6
0.6
0.4
5,921
17.4
10,541
9.8
12.2
13.3
12.9
11.3
9.9
3,759
184
Baltimore
County
.........................
MD
86,737
105,914
106,465
63.5
36.5
30.8
1.5
3.7
0.4
6,642
16.0
11,707
9.1
3.1
2.5
3.4
4.0
2.5
6,292
168
Calvert
County
............................
MD
10,398
15,241
15,784
82.7
17.3
15.5
0.8
0.8
0.1
853
18.5
1,648
9.6
4.1
3.2
4.6
3.6
5.2
882
24
Carroll
County
.............................
MD
21,835
27,224
27,472
95.7
4.3
2.4
0.8
1.0
0.2
1,521
18.1
2,681
10.2
2.9
2.1
2.6
3.2
3.7
1,719
39
Cecil
County
................................
MD
12,868
15,550
15,680
92.2
7.8
5.4
1.5
0.7
0.2
1,017
15.4
1,717
9.1
4.5
3.9
4.9
5.0
4.2
754
31
Charles
County
...........................
MD
18,708
22,263
22,720
62.1
37.9
33.0
1.7
2.2
1.0
1,244
18.3
2,253
10.1
3.6
3.8
3.6
4.3
2.3
1,300
33
Frederick
County
.........................
MD
26,848
35,383
36,059
87.3
12.7
8.7
2.0
1.9
0.2
2,169
16.6
3,897
9.3
2.9
1.7
3.3
2.8
4.3
2,192
54
Harford
County
............................
MD
31,500
38,909
39,334
81.8
18.2
13.8
2.1
1.9
0.4
2,392
16.4
4,178
9.4
4.9
5.2
4.9
5.2
4.2
2,146
53
Howard
County
...........................
MD
29,949
41,858
43,473
71.1
28.9
17.7
2.2
8.9
0.1
2,846
15.3
5,237
8.3
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.4
2.1
2,558
66
Montgomery
County
....................
MD
103,757
127,933
130,720
50.7
49.3
21.0
14.9
13.1
0.3
8,198
15.9
15,876
8.2
2.0
1.8
2.0
2.1
2.1
7,398
192
Prince
George's
County
..............
MD
108,868
130,259
131,059
12.7
87.3
76.6
6.8
3.4
0.5
7,566
17.3
14,542
9.0
2.8
2.9
2.6
2.8
2.8
7,324
189
Saint
Mary's
County
....................
MD
12,549
14,743
15,020
76.6
23.4
19.2
1.7
1.9
0.7
885
17.0
1,294
11.6
1.5
1.1
1.9
1.7
1.3
182
27
Washington
County
.....................
MD
17,778
20,159
19,953
90.3
9.7
6.9
1.4
1.3
0.1
1,313
15.2
2,274
8.8
4.9
3.7
5.0
5.8
5.3
1,073
46
Boston
.........................................
MA
60,543
63,043
62,950
14.9
85.1
48.8
26.9
8.9
0.4
5,093
12.4
9,691
6.5
10.0
10.0
10.4
10.4
8.7
2,960
130
Brockton
......................................
MA
14,529
16,675
16,869
44.4
55.6
40.0
11.6
3.2
0.8
1,340
12.6
2,469
6.8
4.2
0.8
7.8
4.0
2.6
622
25
Lowell
..........................................
MA
13,488
16,429
16,275
42.7
57.3
4.1
21.8
31.3
0.1
1,107
14.7
2,014
8.1
9.4
10.1
11.5
8.8
6.0
581
29
Lynn
.............................................
MA
11,914
14,931
15,069
44.7
55.3
15.0
25.9
14.0
0.4
1,036
14.5
1,870
8.1
2.7
1.6
2.1
5.5
2.0
626
31
Springfield
...................................
MA
24,194
25,798
25,918
25.6
74.4
29.7
42.4
2.1
0.2
2,600
10.0
4,615
5.6
7.2
7.2
8.2
8.0
4.7
1,007
48
Worcester
....................................
MA
21,066
25,412
25,464
53.6
46.4
10.3
28.0
7.6
0.5
2,143
11.9
3,939
6.5
7.3
7.2
4.9
8.9
8.2
934
50
Ann
Arbor
....................................
MI
14,199
16,276
16,434
69.4
30.6
17.0
2.6
10.5
0.5
929
17.7
2,000
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
989
34
Dearborn
City
..............................
MI
13,380
16,263
16,678
95.0
5.0
1.8
2.2
0.7
0.3
1,013
16.5
1,980
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
946
29
Detroit
City
..................................
MI
168,116
173,557
167,124
3.9
96.1
91.2
3.7
1.0
0.2
9,148
18.3
24,278
6.9
 
 
 
 
 
6,222
268
Flint
City
......................................
MI
27,601
25,133
23,448
21.4
78.6
73.7
2.4
0.3
2.3
1,437
16.3
2,915
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
939
46
Grand
Rapids
City
.......................
MI
26,250
26,354
25,978
34.4
65.6
44.1
18.5
1.8
1.2
1,466
17.7
3,235
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
756
102
Lansing
Public
.............................
MI
21,350
18,442
17,754
43.4
56.6
34.6
13.6
7.4
1.0
1,082
16.4
2,285
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
940
44
Livonia
.........................................
MI
16,373
18,348
18,361
93.9
6.1
2.4
1.1
2.2
0.4
995
18.5
2,175
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,257
36
Plymouth­
Canton
Comm.

Schools
....................................
MI
14,955
16,202
16,430
86.8
13.2
3.6
1.6
7.3
0.6
806
20.4
1,735
9.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,014
22
Utica
Community
.........................
MI
23,960
26,776
27,268
95.8
4.2
1.2
0.7
2.2
0.1
1,385
19.7
2,769
9.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,758
41
Anoka­
Hennepin
..........................
MN
34,524
40,923
40,964
91.7
8.3
2.9
1.3
2.9
1.1
2,321
17.7
4,085
10.0
4.9
0.9
3.4
5.9
9.5
2,736
60
Minneapolis
.................................
MN
36,763
49,242
48,688
28.9
71.1
43.8
7.7
14.7
4.9
3,626
13.4
6,570
7.4
15.8
15.5
16.2
17.6
13.4
1,959
145
Osseo
..........................................
MN
19,483
22,028
22,171
78.1
21.9
11.8
1.7
7.7
0.7
1,340
16.5
2,410
9.2
4.8
0.5
3.9
6.4
8.5
1,326
34
Rochester
....................................
MN
13,897
15,845
16,050
82.5
17.5
6.4
2.5
8.3
0.3
959
16.7
1,741
9.2
3.5
2.9
3.3
4.3
3.5
975
33
Rosemount­
Apple
Valley­
Eagan
MN
17,029
27,704
28,168
89.2
10.8
3.9
1.7
4.7
0.5
1,856
15.2
3,136
9.0
3.0
0.3
1.5
3.3
7.2
1,522
37
St.
Paul
........................................
MN
32,366
45,349
45,253
35.3
64.7
22.7
9.1
30.9
1.9
3,290
13.8
6,704
6.8
9.7
2.7
6.8
11.6
18.1
1,974
137
Desoto
County
............................
MS
13,470
18,180
18,917
81.7
18.3
15.9
1.5
0.7
0.2
985
19.2
1,965
9.6
3.5
3.4
3.1
4.9
2.9
734
23
105
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Jackson
Public
............................
MS
33,546
31,936
31,384
6.8
93.2
92.7
0.1
0.3
0.1
1,946
16.1
4,436
7.1
6.8
11.3
5.9
4.4
3.0
1,455
60
Rankin
County
.............................
MS
12,824
15,003
15,037
78.5
21.5
20.3
0.6
0.5
0.1
860
17.5
1,623
9.3
1.3
1.0
1.8
1.8
0.7
744
23
Columbia
.....................................
MO
12,786
15,973
16,894
71.0
29.0
23.4
1.5
3.7
0.4
1,175
14.4
2,087
8.1
6.1
1.3
9.3
7.6
6.1
840
30
Fort
Zumwalt
R­
11
......................
MO
10,110
15,265
15,975
95.7
4.3
2.9
0.7
0.6
0.2
974
16.4
1,861
8.6
2.8
1.5
3.9
4.0
2.2
857
18
Francis
Howell
.............................
MO
13,391
18,645
19,388
93.9
6.1
2.9
0.7
0.8
1.8
1,252
15.5
2,010
9.6
2.7
1.8
3.1
4.0
2.1
1,068
22
Hazelwood
...................................
MO
16,985
18,587
18,636
52.7
47.3
45.5
0.8
1.0
0.1
1,103
16.9
2,037
9.1
5.3
3.8
6.9
6.1
4.4
1,177
25
Kansas
City
.................................
MO
34,486
37,861
38,135
21.8
78.2
67.9
8.2
1.9
0.3
2,490
15.3
4,961
7.7
8.4
7.6
9.7
9.5
6.3
1,130
88
North
Kansas
City
.......................
MO
15,732
17,190
17,378
89.7
10.3
4.5
3.1
2.2
0.5
1,133
15.3
1,900
9.1
4.7
1.7
4.2
6.1
7.0
991
31
Parkway
.......................................
MO
21,542
20,787
20,547
74.0
26.0
17.4
1.2
7.3
0.1
1,256
16.4
2,717
7.6
2.1
0.7
1.1
2.5
4.3
1,429
28
Rockwood
....................................
MO
15,608
20,696
21,175
82.5
17.5
14.6
0.7
2.1
0.1
1,233
17.2
2,493
8.5
2.3
1.1
3.2
2.8
2.1
1,353
28
Saint
Louis
City
...........................
MO
43,284
45,981
45,658
18.6
81.4
79.0
0.9
1.4
0.1
3,252
14.0
6,826
6.7
13.7
15.8
14.6
11.0
8.1
1,263
115
Springfield
...................................
MO
23,631
25,146
24,816
90.8
9.2
4.9
1.8
1.8
0.7
1,549
16.0
2,820
8.8
7.9
2.9
8.7
11.0
9.7
1,430
57
Lincoln
.........................................
NE
27,986
31,013
31,052
86.6
13.4
5.6
3.1
3.5
1.2
2,282
13.6
4,459
7.0
7.0
2.8
6.6
9.0
10.2
1,911
59
Millard
..........................................
NE
16,764
19,067
19,056
95.0
5.0
1.4
1.5
1.9
0.3
1,181
16.1
2,166
8.8
2.2
0.3
0.5
4.2
3.8
1,362
31
Omaha
.........................................
NE
41,699
45,118
45,039
54.0
46.0
31.6
11.3
1.5
1.6
3,017
14.9
5,585
8.1
10.7
12.7
11.5
10.2
7.0
2,329
82
Clark
County
...............................
NV
121,959
203,777
217,526
52.1
47.9
13.9
26.8
6.3
0.9
10,838
20.1
18,517
11.7
9.2
3.1
5.8
11.6
19.4
8,535
246
Washoe
County
...........................
NV
38,466
52,813
54,508
67.1
32.9
3.5
21.6
5.3
2.5
3,222
16.9
5,508
9.9
7.6
2.9
4.4
11.0
14.0
2,458
89
Manchester
..................................
NH
14,604
16,932
17,213
89.0
11.0
2.9
5.5
2.1
0.4
1,088
15.8
1,793
9.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,070
23
Camden
City
...............................
NJ
19,497
18,536
18,393
1.7
98.3
57.2
39.0
1.9
0.1
1,511
12.2
3,489
5.3
12.5
15.7
11.8
11.4
6.4
407
33
Elizabeth
City
..............................
NJ
15,266
18,708
19,075
14.0
86.0
26.1
57.4
2.2
0.2
1,538
12.4
3,051
6.3
9.4
11.2
11.0
7.5
6.0
861
25
Jersey
City
..................................
NJ
28,585
32,505
31,669
9.2
90.8
39.0
38.6
12.5
0.6
2,262
14.0
4,630
6.8
6.2
8.2
7.5
4.0
3.5
1,203
38
Newark
City
.................................
NJ
48,433
43,609
42,101
8.7
91.3
61.9
28.5
0.7
0.2
3,458
12.2
6,853
6.1
8.4
9.4
9.4
7.3
6.3
1,462
76
Paterson
City
...............................
NJ
22,109
24,499
24,563
6.4
93.6
40.4
50.8
2.2
0.2
1,901
12.9
3,224
7.6
14.7
20.1
14.9
10.9
8.3
734
35
Tom's
River
Regional
..................
NJ
16,002
17,393
17,272
92.1
7.9
3.0
3.0
1.9
0.1
1,119
15.4
2,057
8.4
3.1
1.1
3.5
4.4
3.6
1,162
17
Albuquerque
................................
NM
88,295
85,847
85,381
41.1
58.9
3.8
48.7
1.9
4.5
5,236
16.3
11,326
7.5
9.3
10.0
9.8
8.9
8.2
4,642
126
Las
Cruces
..................................
NM
19,216
22,403
22,306
31.4
68.6
2.3
64.7
1.0
0.7
1,400
15.9
2,929
7.6
8.2
9.5
9.4
7.2
5.8
1,215
37
Brentwood
Unified
.......................
NY
11,749
14,504
15,016
21.5
78.5
22.9
53.6
1.8
0.2
943
15.9
1,940
7.7
 
 
 
 
 
577
17
Buffalo
City
..................................
NY
47,235
47,096
46,370
29.7
70.3
56.8
10.8
1.3
1.4
3,399
13.6
7,021
6.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,728
76
New
York
City
.............................
NY
944,113
1,072,628
1,075,710
15.4
84.6
35.2
37.7
11.3
0.4
63,989
16.8
128,251
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
39,403
1,207
Rochester
City
.............................
NY
32,705
38,121
37,741
16.7
83.3
62.9
18.0
2.0
0.4
2,981
12.7
5,881
6.4
 
 
 
 
 
939
60
Syracuse
City
..............................
NY
22,432
23,671
23,474
46.0
54.0
45.5
5.8
1.6
1.1
1,756
13.4
3,938
6.0
 
 
 
 
 
792
35
Yonkers
City
................................
NY
18,621
25,277
25,889
21.6
78.4
30.9
42.0
5.3
0.2
1,768
14.6
3,616
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
894
41
Alamance­
Burlington
...................
NC
10,322
19,781
20,243
64.9
35.1
27.2
6.4
1.3
0.3
1,290
15.7
2,322
8.7
 
 
 
 
 
931
31
Buncombe
County
.......................
NC
22,026
24,857
24,810
89.5
10.5
7.1
2.2
0.7
0.4
1,462
17.0
3,097
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,332
37
Cabarrus
County
.........................
NC
12,853
17,844
18,486
81.1
18.9
14.0
3.7
0.8
0.3
1,175
15.7
2,102
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
882
24
Catawba
County
Schools
............
NC
12,770
15,399
15,874
83.1
16.9
7.7
3.2
5.9
0.1
992
16.0
1,847
8.6
 
 
 
 
 
786
25
Charlotte­
Mecklenburg
................
NC
77,069
98,758
100,553
48.3
51.7
42.5
4.4
4.4
0.5
6,418
15.7
13,069
7.7
 
 
 
 
 
4,643
135
Cumberland
County
....................
NC
44,612
51,297
51,300
43.7
56.3
47.7
5.2
1.6
1.7
3,078
16.7
6,076
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
2,409
78
Davidson
County
.........................
NC
16,426
18,619
18,887
96.0
4.0
2.4
0.8
0.6
0.2
1,144
16.5
2,112
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
972
26
Durham
........................................
NC
18,517
29,044
29,244
34.0
66.0
59.0
4.6
2.1
0.3
2,088
14.0
3,611
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,299
44
Forsyth
County
............................
NC
37,625
42,847
43,687
54.9
45.1
38.3
5.6
1.0
0.3
3,031
14.4
5,276
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
2,051
65
Gaston
County
............................
NC
29,631
30,358
30,661
76.4
23.6
20.3
1.8
1.4
0.2
1,880
16.3
3,348
9.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,320
51
Guilford
County
...........................
NC
24,575
61,154
62,486
51.5
48.5
41.3
2.6
3.8
0.7
3,929
15.9
7,776
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
3,027
96
Harnett
County
............................
NC
11,890
15,602
16,015
61.5
38.5
32.0
5.1
0.4
1.0
981
16.3
1,889
8.5
 
 
 
 
 
608
24
Iredell­
Statesville
.........................
NC
10,610
16,100
16,658
74.7
25.3
20.0
2.9
2.2
0.2
1,006
16.6
2,041
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
745
31
Johnston
County
.........................
NC
14,647
19,314
20,339
69.9
30.1
22.2
7.1
0.4
0.3
1,377
14.8
2,672
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
804
28
Nash­
Rocky
Mount
......................
NC
11,653
18,059
18,009
41.2
58.8
54.1
3.3
1.1
0.4
1,182
15.2
2,298
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
891
28
New
Hanover
County
..................
NC
19,090
21,492
21,524
67.6
32.4
29.8
1.2
1.0
0.4
1,336
16.1
2,800
7.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,135
32
Onslow
County
............................
NC
18,605
21,333
21,186
65.3
34.7
27.7
4.2
1.6
1.2
1,295
16.4
2,610
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,093
31
Pitt
County
...................................
NC
17,629
20,017
20,108
45.7
54.3
50.8
2.2
1.2
0.1
1,293
15.6
2,497
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
911
31
Randolph
County
........................
NC
13,572
16,340
16,715
89.0
11.0
5.7
4.2
0.5
0.5
1,001
16.7
2,007
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
744
25
Robeson
County
.........................
NC
23,251
24,066
23,966
22.3
77.7
32.0
2.2
0.3
43.2
1,431
16.7
2,845
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
921
41
Rowan­
Salisbury
.........................
NC
16,403
19,865
20,260
72.7
27.3
22.7
3.2
1.1
0.3
1,288
15.7
2,492
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
915
29
Union
County
..............................
NC
12,864
20,821
21,949
76.0
24.0
18.6
4.5
0.6
0.3
1,315
16.7
2,476
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
988
33
106
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Wake
County
...............................
NC
64,266
92,256
95,248
64.6
35.4
27.5
3.8
3.8
0.3
6,002
15.9
11,246
8.5
 
 
 
 
 
4,453
113
Wayne
County
.............................
NC
13,653
19,245
19,471
49.9
50.1
45.0
4.0
0.9
0.2
1,216
16.0
2,356
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
960
30
Akron
City
....................................
OH
33,213
32,361
31,996
49.2
50.8
47.9
0.7
2.0
0.1
2,517
12.7
5,377
6.0
10.4
11.3
10.7
9.3
9.7
1,551
62
Cincinnati
City
.............................
OH
50,394
50,332
49,574
25.9
74.1
72.7
0.5
0.9
0.1
3,135
15.8
5,817
8.5
10.6
12.6
9.2
7.5
11.5
1,278
79
Cleveland
City
.............................
OH
68,924
76,500
76,559
19.5
80.5
71.2
8.1
0.8
0.3
5,273
14.5
9,606
8.0
23.5
26.8
23.1
21.1
16.7
2,050
124
Columbus
City
.............................
OH
63,956
64,873
65,490
38.5
61.5
57.6
1.4
2.3
0.2
3,996
16.4
7,782
8.4
7.3
6.6
7.2
7.6
8.3
2,312
146
Dayton
City
..................................
OH
28,000
26,695
25,865
27.9
72.1
70.9
0.7
0.5
0.1
1,885
13.7
4,243
6.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
691
49
South­
Western
City
.....................
OH
16,605
19,214
18,933
86.6
13.4
9.3
2.2
1.7
0.2
1,137
16.7
2,070
9.1
9.8
12.1
9.6
7.5
9.4
957
29
Toledo
City
..................................
OH
40,126
39,581
39,101
47.1
52.9
45.5
6.7
0.7
0.1
2,724
14.4
4,857
8.1
9.6
12.7
8.4
6.7
7.9
1,483
69
Broken
Arrow
..............................
OK
13,872
14,826
15,015
86.3
13.7
3.9
1.9
1.3
6.6
879
17.1
1,676
9.0
4.3
2.2
3.2
6.4
5.7
971
22
Edmond
.......................................
OK
13,041
16,667
16,854
86.4
13.6
6.4
1.9
2.3
3.0
1,001
16.8
1,728
9.8
3.8
4.2
3.9
3.7
3.3
1,160
21
Lawton
.........................................
OK
17,727
18,140
17,785
52.4
47.6
30.8
8.5
2.3
6.0
1,070
16.6
2,037
8.7
4.6
2.9
6.8
5.0
3.6
1,002
41
Moore
..........................................
OK
16,630
18,205
17,909
74.1
25.9
4.3
4.6
3.9
13.0
1,148
15.6
1,895
9.5
5.7
2.4
8.5
7.0
4.6
1,147
27
Oklahoma
City
.............................
OK
36,038
39,398
39,531
32.9
67.1
38.5
20.2
2.8
5.6
2,671
14.8
5,284
7.5
10.6
16.5
9.8
5.9
4.7
1,370
89
Putnam
City
.................................
OK
18,071
19,370
19,523
70.2
29.8
16.6
5.8
4.1
3.4
1,209
16.2
1,956
10.0
5.9
8.3
6.2
5.9
1.7
1,078
27
Tulsa
............................................
OK
40,732
42,852
42,793
46.1
53.9
36.0
7.9
1.5
8.5
2,752
15.5
5,758
7.4
10.4
11.7
11.1
10.1
7.8
1,771
80
Beaverton
....................................
OR
24,874
31,622
32,591
75.9
24.1
2.6
9.0
11.7
0.8
1,559
20.9
3,046
10.7
6.2
2.1
4.2
9.9
9.6
1,528
46
Eugene
........................................
OR
17,904
18,636
18,502
85.8
14.2
2.6
4.8
4.4
2.5
869
21.3
1,770
10.5
3.4
2.8
3.5
3.9
3.7
1,122
47
Hillsboro
......................................
OR
10,396
17,116
17,514
73.8
26.2
1.5
18.4
5.8
0.6
819
21.4
1,782
9.8
4.5
2.7
4.3
5.5
6.0
658
28
Portland
.......................................
OR
53,042
54,546
53,587
64.1
35.9
16.3
8.1
9.1
2.4
2,948
18.2
5,620
9.5
12.6
9.1
11.8
13.2
17.7
2,109
109
Salem/
Keizer
...............................
OR
27,756
33,725
34,293
79.7
20.3
1.3
15.0
2.7
1.3
1,614
21.2
3,202
10.7
8.2
2.9
5.2
8.5
18.0
1,619
54
Allentown
City
.............................
PA
13,519
15,986
16,243
40.5
59.5
14.2
42.8
2.4
0.2
821
19.8
1,562
10.4
4.5
1.4
4.8
6.8
5.8
692
23
Central
Bucks
..............................
PA
10,286
15,837
16,575
95.9
4.1
1.5
0.7
1.8
 
895
18.5
1,689
9.8
1.5
0.0
0.5
1.5
4.3
880
18
Philadelphia
City
.........................
PA
190,978
207,465
205,199
17.6
82.4
64.8
12.6
4.8
0.2
11,423
18.0
24,359
8.4
10.0
8.6
10.7
9.5
12.2
9,789
259
Pittsburgh
....................................
PA
39,896
39,602
38,846
41.4
58.6
56.9
0.4
1.3
0.1
2,728
14.2
5,357
7.3
5.8
4.6
7.0
5.7
6.1
2,229
95
Reading
.......................................
PA
11,965
15,232
15,394
30.2
69.8
15.9
52.6
1.3
 
798
19.3
1,608
9.6
13.6
14.8
16.7
15.0
3.5
517
19
Providence
..................................
RI
20,908
26,147
26,427
19.2
80.8
22.9
47.4
9.7
0.9
1,658
15.9
2,719
9.7
7.9
10.3
8.5
6.0
5.2
936
52
Aiken
County
...............................
SC
23,964
24,451
24,855
62.4
37.6
35.0
1.7
0.7
0.2
1,475
16.8
1,676
14.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,259
37
Beaufort
County
..........................
SC
12,525
15,531
16,701
48.3
51.7
45.9
4.8
0.6
0.3
1,097
15.2
1,225
13.6
 
 
 
 
 
670
23
Berkeley
County
..........................
SC
27,392
26,384
26,879
60.1
39.9
36.0
1.9
1.7
0.4
1,732
15.5
1,944
13.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,339
34
Charleston
County
......................
SC
43,667
43,934
43,793
37.6
62.4
59.6
1.6
1.1
0.1
2,963
14.8
3,296
13.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,638
75
Dorchester
...................................
SC
13,737
16,563
16,746
69.8
30.2
27.4
1.1
1.2
0.5
1,056
15.9
1,172
14.3
 
 
 
 
 
883
15
Greenville
County
........................
SC
51,471
57,884
59,176
68.0
32.0
27.9
2.7
1.4
0.1
3,712
15.9
4,146
14.3
 
 
 
 
 
2,954
94
Horry
County
...............................
SC
24,085
26,837
27,989
69.8
30.2
27.5
1.6
0.9
0.3
1,983
14.1
2,260
12.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,402
41
Lexington
#
01
..............................
SC
11,204
15,915
16,959
91.2
8.8
6.4
1.3
0.9
0.2
1,146
14.8
1,268
13.4
 
 
 
 
 
801
17
Pickens
County
...........................
SC
14,298
15,778
16,071
89.0
11.0
9.0
1.2
0.8
0.1
1,045
15.4
1,170
13.7
 
 
 
 
 
732
25
Richland
#
1
.................................
SC
27,071
27,094
27,447
19.4
80.6
78.7
1.1
0.7
0.1
2,066
13.3
2,321
11.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,190
50
Richland
#
2
.................................
SC
12,792
16,167
17,012
44.3
55.7
50.1
3.0
2.4
0.2
1,162
14.6
1,289
13.2
 
 
 
 
 
893
19
Sioux
Falls
...................................
SD
16,120
18,465
18,819
88.6
11.4
3.5
2.5
2.1
3.3
1,191
15.8
2,112
8.9
2.3
1.6
1.7
3.6
2.2
1,006
36
Hamilton
County
..........................
TN
22,874
42,292
42,929
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,655
16.2
5,188
8.3
6.1
4.9
6.5
5.9
7.7
1,778
80
Knox
County
................................
TN
50,429
51,667
52,840
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,492
15.1
6,582
8.0
2.5
0.2
0.6
4.1
5.7
2,503
86
Memphis
City
..............................
TN
106,223
111,682
112,819
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,721
16.8
11,851
9.5
9.7
6.7
11.3
11.8
10.3
3,826
164
Montgomery
County
....................
TN
17,532
23,337
23,719
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,446
16.4
2,751
8.6
2.7
0.6
1.6
3.7
6.3
964
30
Nashville­
Davidson
......................
TN
67,452
67,016
70,176
 
 
 
 
 
 
4,544
15.4
8,382
8.4
7.4
7.2
8.0
8.5
5.9
2,501
127
Rutherford
County
.......................
TN
18,228
24,682
24,815
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,546
16.1
2,622
9.5
4.2
2.1
3.2
4.9
7.9
1,390
30
Shelby
County
.............................
TN
37,605
48,185
49,078
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,366
20.7
4,625
10.6
2.2
1.4
1.7
2.8
3.0
2,424
44
Sumner
County
...........................
TN
19,650
22,165
22,463
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,430
15.7
2,707
8.3
3.5
0.4
0.6
4.1
10.9
1,293
39
Williamson
County
......................
TN
11,502
18,227
18,165
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,150
15.8
2,081
8.7
1.6
0.2
0.7
2.3
3.8
1,067
29
Abilene
ISD
.................................
TX
18,217
19,300
18,916
57.8
42.2
12.0
28.6
1.3
0.4
1,461
12.9
2,788
6.8
 
 
 
 
 
881
40
Aldine
ISD
...................................
TX
41,372
49,453
50,890
11.7
88.3
35.4
49.7
3.1
0.1
3,431
14.8
7,074
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,992
63
Alief
ISD
......................................
TX
29,774
41,056
41,762
11.9
88.1
36.7
34.8
16.4
0.1
2,649
15.8
5,095
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,722
36
Amarillo
ISD
................................
TX
27,374
29,150
29,069
54.2
45.8
10.4
32.4
2.8
0.3
1,920
15.1
3,506
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,428
51
Arlington
ISD
...............................
TX
44,958
55,709
56,773
50.5
49.5
20.3
21.9
6.8
0.5
3,613
15.7
6,603
8.6
 
 
 
 
 
2,680
69
Austin
ISD
...................................
TX
65,797
79,496
77,723
34.8
65.2
16.7
45.8
2.5
0.3
5,100
15.2
9,542
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
3,398
105
107
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Beaumont
ISD
.............................
TX
18,684
20,748
20,663
24.4
75.6
64.7
8.4
2.4
0.1
1,530
13.5
2,859
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
980
34
Birdville
ISD
.................................
TX
18,466
20,861
20,030
75.4
24.6
3.9
14.8
5.6
0.4
1,320
15.2
2,503
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,080
33
Brownsville
ISD
...........................
TX
34,906
40,262
40,195
2.3
97.7
0.1
97.3
0.2
 
2,740
14.7
6,164
6.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,941
46
Carrollton­
Farmers
Branch
ISD
..
TX
16,234
22,420
23,093
45.3
54.7
10.0
31.0
13.1
0.5
1,584
14.6
2,824
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
981
36
Clear
Creek
ISD
..........................
TX
22,372
28,205
28,846
71.9
28.1
6.5
12.6
8.7
0.3
1,785
16.2
3,153
9.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,538
29
Conroe
ISD
.................................
TX
23,288
32,290
33,286
77.0
23.0
5.3
15.9
1.6
0.3
2,192
15.2
4,216
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,881
40
Corpus
Christi
ISD
......................
TX
41,881
40,290
39,618
22.8
77.2
5.9
69.9
1.1
0.4
2,456
16.1
4,961
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,139
64
Cypress­
Fairbanks
ISD
...............
TX
41,196
58,044
60,370
60.7
39.3
9.5
21.8
7.8
0.2
3,812
15.8
7,523
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
3,223
50
Dallas
ISD
...................................
TX
135,320
159,908
160,477
8.5
91.5
37.6
52.0
1.5
0.4
9,957
16.1
18,441
8.7
 
 
 
 
 
5,509
218
Ector
County
ISD
........................
TX
26,993
28,389
27,294
39.9
60.1
5.2
53.8
0.7
0.4
1,495
18.3
3,070
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,434
41
Edinburg
ISD
...............................
TX
13,685
20,563
21,113
3.6
96.4
0.2
95.8
0.2
0.2
1,406
15.0
3,097
6.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,003
32
El
Paso
ISD
.................................
TX
64,092
62,945
62,306
16.5
83.5
4.8
77.3
1.2
0.3
3,785
16.5
7,710
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
3,458
85
Fort
Bend
ISD
.............................
TX
36,270
50,890
52,704
39.6
60.4
27.8
17.4
15.1
0.1
3,167
16.6
5,620
9.4
 
 
 
 
 
2,898
51
Fort
Worth
ISD
............................
TX
69,163
77,956
78,654
22.8
77.2
31.7
43.0
2.3
0.2
4,596
17.1
9,048
8.7
 
 
 
 
 
3,295
135
Galena
Park
ISD
.........................
TX
15,593
18,167
18,506
18.2
81.8
21.3
58.3
2.0
0.1
1,199
15.4
2,273
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
983
21
Garland
ISD
................................
TX
37,978
47,967
49,036
50.0
50.0
16.5
26.5
6.3
0.7
2,971
16.5
5,572
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
2,295
65
Goose
Creek
ISD
........................
TX
17,654
18,152
18,108
42.0
58.0
17.6
39.2
1.0
0.2
1,124
16.1
2,190
8.3
 
 
 
 
 
927
24
Grand
Prairie
ISD
........................
TX
16,482
19,183
19,496
35.9
64.1
13.5
45.8
4.1
0.7
1,331
14.6
2,224
8.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,005
30
Harlingen
Cons
ISD
....................
TX
13,805
16,009
15,873
13.0
87.0
0.7
85.7
0.5
 
1,022
15.5
2,507
6.3
 
 
 
 
 
802
23
Houston
ISD
................................
TX
194,435
210,179
209,716
10.0
90.0
33.0
54.1
2.9
0.1
11,638
18.0
23,058
9.1
 
 
 
 
 
7,299
293
Humble
ISD
.................................
TX
19,560
23,855
24,135
75.2
24.8
9.1
12.4
3.0
0.2
1,628
14.8
3,129
7.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,539
27
Hurst­
Euless­
Bedford
ISD
...........
TX
18,733
19,364
19,282
69.9
30.1
8.0
12.8
8.5
0.8
1,233
15.6
2,304
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,199
30
Irving
ISD
....................................
TX
23,509
27,651
27,961
34.7
65.3
13.7
45.2
5.9
0.5
1,993
14.0
3,518
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,221
37
Judson
ISD
..................................
TX
13,145
15,848
16,286
38.2
61.8
24.3
34.6
2.7
0.2
1,114
14.6
2,261
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
674
21
Katy
ISD
......................................
TX
19,507
30,126
32,072
74.3
25.7
5.3
15.2
5.0
0.1
2,069
15.5
3,939
8.1
 
 
 
 
 
1,818
28
Keller
ISD
....................................
TX
8,212
14,753
15,794
83.5
16.5
3.8
7.7
4.7
0.3
878
18.0
1,481
10.7
 
 
 
 
 
786
17
Killeen
ISD
..................................
TX
22,131
28,533
29,298
38.2
61.8
39.7
17.1
4.4
0.6
1,927
15.2
4,041
7.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,230
43
Klein
ISD
.....................................
TX
26,220
31,446
31,777
62.2
37.8
12.7
17.7
7.0
0.3
2,054
15.5
4,167
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,971
30
La
Joya
ISD
................................
TX
8,523
15,749
16,481
0.5
99.5
0.0
99.5
0.0
 
1,021
16.1
2,354
7.0
 
 
 
 
 
810
20
Laredo
ISD
..................................
TX
23,304
22,601
22,524
1.3
98.7
0.1
98.5
0.1
 
1,383
16.3
3,308
6.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,160
30
Lewisville
ISD
..............................
TX
20,776
34,870
36,944
77.9
22.1
6.7
11.2
3.8
0.4
2,532
14.6
4,117
9.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,788
49
Lubbock
ISD
................................
TX
30,786
29,565
29,394
41.5
58.5
14.7
42.4
1.1
0.2
2,113
13.9
3,505
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,707
60
McAllen
ISD
................................
TX
18,432
21,254
21,482
10.2
89.8
0.5
87.5
1.8
0.1
1,414
15.2
2,990
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,234
32
Mesquite
ISD
...............................
TX
25,920
31,379
31,661
62.0
38.0
16.4
17.2
3.9
0.5
1,858
17.0
3,506
9.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,670
42
Midland
ISD
.................................
TX
21,082
22,911
21,215
48.2
51.8
9.9
40.6
0.9
0.3
1,403
15.1
2,793
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,270
35
North
East
ISD
............................
TX
39,909
47,732
49,197
50.1
49.9
9.5
37.7
2.4
0.2
3,260
15.1
6,336
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
2,762
64
Northside
ISD
..............................
TX
50,229
61,308
62,536
37.8
62.2
6.7
53.2
2.1
0.2
4,136
15.1
8,208
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
3,492
84
Pasadena
ISD
.............................
TX
37,643
41,240
41,880
29.4
70.6
5.6
61.4
3.3
0.3
2,495
16.8
4,859
8.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,808
52
Pharr­
San
Juan­
Alamo
ISD
........
TX
16,563
21,050
21,724
1.4
98.6
0.1
98.3
0.1
 
1,377
15.8
3,282
6.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,028
33
Plano
ISD
....................................
TX
28,398
44,229
45,133
72.0
28.0
6.9
8.8
12.1
0.3
3,143
14.4
5,249
8.6
 
 
 
 
 
2,442
56
Richardson
ISD
...........................
TX
32,555
34,202
34,655
50.0
50.0
22.1
18.7
8.8
0.4
2,395
14.5
4,359
7.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,793
55
Round
Rock
ISD
.........................
TX
19,636
28,464
30,086
69.2
30.8
7.5
16.8
6.2
0.3
2,125
14.2
3,768
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
1,589
37
San
Angelo
ISD
..........................
TX
16,488
16,730
16,405
47.3
52.7
6.1
45.5
1.0
0.2
1,115
14.7
2,168
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,023
28
San
Antonio
ISD
.........................
TX
60,161
59,080
57,565
4.3
95.7
10.1
85.3
0.2
0.1
3,582
16.1
7,031
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
2,499
105
Socorro
ISD
.................................
TX
14,350
23,566
25,305
7.5
92.5
1.2
90.7
0.4
0.2
1,505
16.8
2,854
8.9
 
 
 
 
 
1,136
23
Spring
Branch
ISD
......................
TX
23,661
31,104
31,537
38.2
61.8
6.3
48.3
7.2
0.1
2,066
15.3
4,051
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,478
41
Spring
ISD
...................................
TX
18,537
21,863
22,112
44.5
55.5
26.0
23.2
6.1
0.2
1,438
15.4
3,026
7.3
 
 
 
 
 
1,160
25
Tyler
ISD
.....................................
TX
16,182
16,453
16,480
37.6
62.4
36.8
24.6
0.8
0.2
1,154
14.3
2,223
7.4
 
 
 
 
 
892
29
United
ISD
...................................
TX
12,553
24,194
25,627
3.3
96.7
0.2
96.0
0.5
 
1,598
16.0
3,474
7.4
 
 
 
 
 
1,111
33
Waco
ISD
....................................
TX
14,304
15,574
15,608
20.3
79.7
39.5
39.7
0.4
0.1
1,003
15.6
2,098
7.4
 
 
 
 
 
493
33
Wichita
Falls
ISD
.........................
TX
15,011
15,293
15,203
62.0
38.0
16.2
18.5
2.6
0.7
1,139
13.3
2,103
7.2
 
 
 
 
 
934
30
Ysleta
ISD
...................................
TX
49,974
47,238
46,950
9.1
90.9
2.5
87.5
0.5
0.5
3,043
15.4
5,881
8.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,797
60
Alpine
..........................................
UT
38,852
45,208
45,842
93.1
6.9
0.4
4.3
1.6
0.6
2,013
22.8
2,905
15.8
2.2
0.6
1.7
3.2
3.2
2,853
56
Davis
...........................................
UT
55,558
59,285
59,486
92.6
7.4
1.1
4.0
1.8
0.5
2,614
22.8
5,152
11.5
1.7
1.5
1.9
1.6
1.6
4,209
82
Granite
.........................................
UT
78,554
73,474
72,170
78.9
21.1
1.3
12.5
6.2
1.1
3,231
22.3
5,707
12.6
11.6
2.5
9.2
12.0
23.3
4,445
96
Jordan
.........................................
UT
64,991
73,286
73,111
93.1
6.9
0.4
4.3
1.8
0.5
3,164
23.1
5,653
12.9
4.3
2.0
3.8
4.8
6.6
5,207
81
Nebo
............................................
UT
16,393
19,999
20,578
94.4
5.6
0.2
4.1
0.8
0.5
867
23.7
1,599
12.9
2.3
0.2
1.7
2.8
4.5
1,279
30
108
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
92.
 
Selected
statistics
on
enrollment,
teachers,
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1990,
1998,
and
1999
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Enrollment,

fall
1990
Enrollment,

fall
1998
Enrollment,

fall
1999
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment,
by
race,
fall
1999
Number
of
classroom
teachers,
1
fall
1999
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
fall
1999
Total
number
of
staff,
fall
1999
Student/

staff
ratio,

fall
1999
Percent
dropouts
from
grades
9
 
12,

1998
 
99
2
Number
of
high
school
graduates

1998
 
99
3
Number
of
schools,

fall
1999
White
Minority
Total
Grade
9
Grade
10
Grade
11
Grade
12
Total
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Salt
Lake
City
..............................
UT
24,766
25,521
25,357
58.0
42.0
3.4
27.1
9.3
2.2
1,203
21.1
2,657
9.5
13.8
7.8
9.5
15.0
24.0
1,334
42
Washington
.................................
UT
13,264
18,513
18,501
91.8
8.2
0.4
4.1
1.4
2.3
821
22.5
1,458
12.7
2.8
0.0
1.2
3.1
6.7
1,299
32
Weber
..........................................
UT
25,425
27,805
27,926
91.5
8.5
1.2
5.2
1.5
0.5
1,250
22.3
2,081
13.4
3.2
0.2
1.9
4.8
6.1
1,900
40
Arlington
County
..........................
VA
14,825
18,121
18,260
42.0
58.0
15.7
32.2
10.0
0.1
1,581
11.5
3,243
5.6
4.0
4.3
3.9
3.6
4.2
819
31
Chesapeake
City
.........................
VA
29,533
36,724
37,363
62.0
38.0
34.6
1.4
1.7
0.3
2,346
15.9
4,341
8.6
4.4
4.2
4.2
3.2
6.1
2,257
44
Chesterfield
County
.....................
VA
44,480
50,621
50,847
73.3
26.7
21.6
2.1
2.7
0.4
3,346
15.2
5,610
9.1
5.9
7.7
5.1
4.0
6.4
2,970
59
Fairfax
County
.............................
VA
128,766
149,029
152,952
62.4
37.6
11.0
11.6
14.6
0.4
10,491
14.6
16,904
9.0
3.5
3.2
3.0
3.5
4.6
9,612
197
Hampton
City
..............................
VA
21,383
23,541
23,480
39.0
61.0
56.8
2.1
1.9
0.3
1,592
14.7
2,794
8.4
5.7
5.5
6.7
5.5
4.9
1,344
35
Hanover
County
..........................
VA
11,328
15,831
16,306
88.7
11.3
9.7
0.7
0.8
0.2
1,052
15.5
1,725
9.5
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.8
937
18
Henrico
County
...........................
VA
32,638
39,995
40,818
62.1
37.9
32.9
1.5
3.3
0.3
2,520
16.2
4,159
9.8
3.2
2.9
2.9
4.2
2.6
2,225
64
Loudoun
County
..........................
VA
14,485
26,080
28,787
79.4
20.6
8.7
5.9
5.7
0.3
1,728
16.7
3,188
9.0
3.3
2.7
2.6
3.4
4.9
1,321
44
Newport
News
City
.....................
VA
28,925
33,335
33,290
38.9
61.1
54.1
3.8
2.4
0.9
2,063
16.1
3,912
8.5
5.5
4.5
4.7
5.7
7.4
1,525
44
Norfolk
City
..................................
VA
36,541
37,852
37,465
29.5
70.5
66.2
2.0
2.1
0.2
2,279
16.4
4,163
9.0
7.4
8.9
7.0
6.0
6.4
1,355
61
Portsmouth
City
...........................
VA
18,405
17,508
17,046
30.4
69.6
68.0
0.8
0.6
0.1
1,146
14.9
2,045
8.3
4.5
4.3
3.7
5.2
5.2
812
28
Prince
William
County
.................
VA
41,888
51,111
52,551
62.4
37.6
24.3
8.9
3.9
0.5
3,004
17.5
5,353
9.8
5.5
6.0
4.2
5.3
6.3
2,889
68
Richmond
City
.............................
VA
27,021
27,621
27,332
8.1
91.9
90.2
1.1
0.6
 
2,176
12.6
3,406
8.0
5.2
8.4
5.1
3.6
2.0
1,001
63
Spotsylvania
County
...................
VA
12,227
17,270
18,043
80.1
19.9
15.8
2.4
1.5
0.3
1,227
14.7
2,222
8.1
3.5
4.4
3.4
3.0
2.8
1,028
26
Stafford
County
...........................
VA
12,555
19,009
19,885
80.2
19.8
15.0
2.6
1.9
0.3
1,223
16.3
2,256
8.8
3.4
2.6
3.1
3.5
4.7
1,179
21
Virginia
Beach
City
......................
VA
70,266
77,442
77,363
64.4
35.6
26.6
3.4
5.4
0.2
5,014
15.4
8,768
8.8
4.7
6.3
3.8
4.8
3.4
4,244
84
Bellevue
.......................................
WA
14,748
15,438
15,111
70.5
29.5
3.2
6.4
19.5
0.4
809
18.7
1,565
9.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,042
34
Bethel
..........................................
WA
11,669
15,581
15,923
75.2
24.8
9.1
4.5
8.6
2.7
741
21.5
1,419
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
663
27
Edmonds
.....................................
WA
18,868
21,925
21,844
77.6
22.4
3.8
4.9
12.0
1.8
1,047
20.9
2,078
10.5
 
 
 
 
 
1,131
42
Everett
.........................................
WA
15,343
18,423
18,489
80.4
19.6
3.9
4.7
9.2
1.8
874
21.2
1,634
11.3
 
 
 
 
 
925
33
Evergreen
(
Clark)
........................
WA
14,810
19,800
20,820
85.3
14.7
3.4
3.6
6.7
1.0
1,090
19.1
1,861
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
944
32
Federal
Way
................................
WA
18,168
21,944
22,472
66.6
33.4
11.3
6.8
13.9
1.3
1,087
20.7
2,013
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,145
38
Highline
.......................................
WA
16,208
18,771
18,379
54.6
45.4
11.3
11.6
19.7
2.7
915
20.1
1,753
10.5
 
 
 
 
 
919
34
Kent
.............................................
WA
21,027
25,901
26,346
73.6
26.4
8.4
5.0
11.8
1.1
1,309
20.1
2,444
10.8
 
 
 
 
 
1,411
43
Lake
Washington
........................
WA
23,050
24,492
24,229
82.8
17.2
2.2
4.1
10.2
0.7
1,141
21.2
2,095
11.6
 
 
 
 
 
1,699
51
Northshore
...................................
WA
17,511
20,097
20,249
85.6
14.4
1.8
3.8
7.8
0.9
975
20.8
1,808
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,367
35
Puyallup
.......................................
WA
15,100
19,591
19,617
86.2
13.8
2.9
3.9
5.2
1.8
961
20.4
1,827
10.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,151
32
Seattle
.........................................
WA
43,593
48,280
47,989
40.2
59.8
23.2
9.7
24.1
2.9
2,492
19.3
4,805
10.0
 
 
 
 
 
2,908
118
Spokane
......................................
WA
29,186
32,403
32,384
86.7
13.3
4.2
2.5
2.9
3.6
1,701
19.0
3,187
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
2,262
68
Tacoma
.......................................
WA
30,169
32,940
33,556
58.4
41.6
19.8
6.6
13.1
2.1
1,659
20.2
3,283
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
1,500
72
Vancouver
...................................
WA
16,423
21,454
21,555
82.1
17.9
4.3
7.0
4.6
2.0
1,042
20.7
2,016
10.7
 
 
 
 
 
1,074
39
Kanawha
County
.........................
WV
34,284
30,790
30,106
87.9
12.1
10.6
0.4
1.0
0.1
2,066
14.6
3,865
7.8
5.0
4.6
5.3
5.0
5.2
2,033
87
Green
Bay
Area
..........................
WI
18,048
19,537
19,540
77.6
22.4
2.5
6.0
9.1
4.8
1,308
14.9
2,380
8.2
2.8
0.1
0.4
2.0
9.3
1,117
36
Kenosha
......................................
WI
16,219
19,562
19,651
74.7
25.3
12.8
10.9
1.3
0.4
1,254
15.7
2,203
8.9
4.0
0.7
3.6
7.0
5.4
1,282
39
Madison
Metropolitan
..................
WI
23,214
25,113
24,943
66.1
33.9
17.7
5.9
9.7
0.7
1,956
12.8
3,677
6.8
4.4
3.2
4.5
5.1
5.2
1,478
50
Milwaukee
...................................
WI
92,784
99,814
99,729
19.5
80.5
61.2
14.2
4.2
1.0
5,992
16.6
11,696
8.5
11.9
13.4
11.6
10.2
10.9
3,398
202
Racine
.........................................
WI
21,904
21,702
21,250
61.6
38.4
25.0
12.0
1.1
0.3
1,312
16.2
2,442
8.7
4.4
2.5
4.9
5.1
6.3
1,171
35
 
Not
available.

1
Data
exclude
teachers
reported
as
working
in
school
district
offices
rather
than
in
schools.

2
Alaska,
Arizona,
Colorado,
Idaho,
Illinois,
Maryland,
New
Jersey,
South
Dakota,
Tennessee,
Virginia,
Vermont,
and
Wisconsin
reported
data
on
an
alternative
July
through
June
cycle,
rather
than
the
specified
October
through
September
cycle.

3
Includes
regular
and
other
high
school
diplomas.
SB=
School
board.

SC=
School
corporation.

ISD=
Independent
school
district.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.

(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
109
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Districts
with
more
than
15,000
students
.......
 
$
130,865,131
$
9,653,141
$
64,867,715
$
56,344,275
100.0
7.4
49.6
43.1
$
133,030,313
$
112,144,636
$
69,561,233
$
14,658,288
$
3,005,078
21.4
$
5,887
Baldwin
County
........................................................
AL
127,078
7,741
69,434
49,903
100.0
6.1
54.6
39.3
138,146
105,588
65,703
26,472
3,250
16.4
4,850
Birmingham
City
......................................................
AL
218,632
25,145
136,554
56,933
100.0
11.5
62.5
26.0
222,064
203,044
122,418
13,237
428
31.1
5,098
Huntsville
City
..........................................................
AL
147,390
10,140
78,859
58,391
100.0
6.9
53.5
39.6
150,129
138,428
86,716
8,875
435
18.0
5,748
Jefferson
County
......................................................
AL
233,847
16,782
141,118
75,947
100.0
7.2
60.3
32.5
236,813
219,861
135,509
6,541
4,461
9.1
5,207
Madison
County
.......................................................
AL
105,411
5,429
66,749
33,233
100.0
5.2
63.3
31.5
119,434
86,098
51,375
27,901
3,215
13.8
4,347
Mobile
County
..........................................................
AL
330,778
38,822
220,946
71,010
100.0
11.7
66.8
21.5
349,729
289,253
178,375
50,315
2,771
26.7
4,434
Montgomery
County
................................................
AL
175,676
20,624
117,340
37,712
100.0
11.7
66.8
21.5
176,644
158,357
95,964
12,067
434
23.9
4,576
Shelby
County
.........................................................
AL
111,962
5,356
62,168
44,438
100.0
4.8
55.5
39.7
124,036
94,176
54,884
24,153
3,819
11.1
4,998
Tuscaloosa
County
..................................................
AL
82,550
5,555
53,475
23,520
100.0
6.7
64.8
28.5
96,913
72,334
47,256
19,067
1,955
17.4
4,663
Anchorage
................................................................
AK
360,721
31,550
225,910
103,261
100.0
8.7
62.6
28.6
388,045
320,093
207,432
58,232
8,127
11.9
6,547
Fairbanks
North
Star
Borough
.................................
AK
123,541
7,723
83,567
32,251
100.0
6.3
67.6
26.1
123,394
116,754
74,832
3,050
3,173
12.1
7,106
Amphitheater
Unified
...............................................
AZ
89,919
5,770
36,863
47,286
100.0
6.4
41.0
52.6
87,643
69,580
37,276
9,680
8,361
20.5
4,248
Cartwright
Elementary
.............................................
AZ
85,789
9,231
50,040
26,518
100.0
10.8
58.3
30.9
78,061
71,426
46,030
6,026
0
18.0
4,444
Chandler
Unified
......................................................
AZ
98,326
5,680
43,322
49,324
100.0
5.8
44.1
50.2
125,771
71,211
42,722
46,501
6,899
25.7
3,989
Deer
Valley
Unified
..................................................
AZ
131,365
4,233
51,349
75,783
100.0
3.2
39.1
57.7
141,638
100,101
60,982
26,756
12,353
7.8
4,354
Gilbert
Unified
..........................................................
AZ
115,236
3,228
55,714
56,294
100.0
2.8
48.3
48.9
142,047
81,876
49,965
56,887
2,152
8.6
3,771
Kyrene
Elementary
..................................................
AZ
111,523
2,246
46,582
62,695
100.0
2.0
41.8
56.2
89,384
76,838
44,887
6,849
2,333
6.3
3,987
Mesa
Unified
............................................................
AZ
387,000
23,080
189,593
174,327
100.0
6.0
49.0
45.0
404,187
322,482
203,610
65,205
12,134
13.1
4,622
Paradise
Valley
Unified
...........................................
AZ
193,750
7,386
80,624
105,740
100.0
3.8
41.6
54.6
198,402
150,461
94,829
27,431
16,068
7.6
4,428
Peoria
Unified
..........................................................
AZ
152,490
5,201
80,524
66,765
100.0
3.4
52.8
43.8
158,354
122,074
76,390
25,267
9,049
8.1
4,127
Phoenix
Union
High
.................................................
AZ
188,304
12,336
26,695
149,273
100.0
6.6
14.2
79.3
192,239
129,081
70,088
50,106
10,903
26.2
5,792
Scottsdale
Unified
....................................................
AZ
147,961
4,287
35,581
108,093
100.0
2.9
24.0
73.1
150,263
119,924
70,024
16,744
13,280
6.4
4,611
Tucson
Unified
.........................................................
AZ
358,366
37,275
160,886
160,205
100.0
10.4
44.9
44.7
340,676
298,862
170,503
17,512
22,524
22.6
4,783
Washington
Elementary
...........................................
AZ
143,227
10,987
59,366
72,874
100.0
7.7
41.4
50.9
173,888
110,728
71,085
51,848
6,407
12.9
4,406
Little
Rock
................................................................
AR
175,449
10,826
68,670
95,953
100.0
6.2
39.1
54.7
173,617
156,973
92,577
3,421
2,841
19.1
6,307
Pulaski
County
Special
............................................
AR
124,481
8,539
70,574
45,368
100.0
6.9
56.7
36.4
123,726
111,938
63,343
3,670
2,153
15.8
5,589
ABC
Unified
.............................................................
CA
135,883
8,099
94,886
32,898
100.0
6.0
69.8
24.2
126,741
110,976
75,019
7,009
11
13.7
5,017
Alum
Rock
Union
Elementary
.................................
CA
111,067
9,196
64,179
37,692
100.0
8.3
57.8
33.9
113,872
85,868
54,938
27,158
846
28.3
5,350
Alvord
Unified
..........................................................
CA
89,715
5,323
64,187
20,205
100.0
5.9
71.5
22.5
90,977
80,873
52,700
9,519
316
19.0
4,768
Anaheim
Elementary
...............................................
CA
109,681
5,498
63,023
41,160
100.0
5.0
57.5
37.5
97,981
92,282
65,549
5,566
0
26.4
4,585
Anaheim
Union
High
................................................
CA
165,563
13,455
95,440
56,668
100.0
8.1
57.6
34.2
162,519
149,744
84,775
3,638
0
21.0
5,627
Antelope
Valley
Union
High
.....................................
CA
89,232
4,269
58,887
26,076
100.0
4.8
66.0
29.2
91,577
80,403
47,492
9,028
0
11.6
4,964
Antioch
Unified
.........................................................
CA
94,684
4,324
58,486
31,874
100.0
4.6
61.8
33.7
103,099
84,156
54,560
18,123
0
12.9
4,852
Bakersfield
City
Elementary
....................................
CA
169,678
20,364
125,784
23,530
100.0
12.0
74.1
13.9
171,351
154,997
98,327
13,902
1,959
44.2
5,743
Baldwin
Park
Unified
...............................................
CA
100,106
10,136
69,645
20,325
100.0
10.1
69.6
20.3
93,717
79,530
48,906
4,148
517
25.8
4,755
Burbank
Unified
.......................................................
CA
98,256
4,490
51,970
41,796
100.0
4.6
52.9
42.5
90,323
76,524
49,551
11,676
0
16.0
5,308
Cajon
Valley
Union
Elementary
...............................
CA
111,857
9,268
76,201
26,388
100.0
8.3
68.1
23.6
107,638
101,929
66,146
5,646
0
19.4
5,305
Capistrano
Unified
...................................................
CA
223,935
6,899
102,503
114,533
100.0
3.1
45.8
51.1
220,420
201,233
129,613
15,715
24
7.7
5,009
Chaffey
Union
High
.................................................
CA
103,867
3,336
69,805
30,726
100.0
3.2
67.2
29.6
96,846
87,049
54,185
4,721
0
16.2
4,847
Chino
Unified
...........................................................
CA
163,239
5,326
115,143
42,770
100.0
3.3
70.5
26.2
158,098
143,614
96,498
12,016
38
11.3
4,771
Chula
Vista
Elementary
...........................................
CA
133,219
9,023
76,735
47,461
100.0
6.8
57.6
35.6
131,306
105,987
71,246
23,203
1,095
18.9
5,111
Clovis
Unified
...........................................................
CA
228,635
7,959
140,738
79,938
100.0
3.5
61.6
35.0
228,188
157,365
95,276
57,699
8,975
15.1
5,083
Colton
Joint
Unified
.................................................
CA
109,826
8,672
84,466
16,688
100.0
7.9
76.9
15.2
109,556
97,349
59,824
10,231
0
26.8
4,796
Compton
Unified
......................................................
CA
189,261
23,465
131,619
34,177
100.0
12.4
69.5
18.1
170,817
148,901
83,739
15,939
220
47.5
5,076
Conejo
Valley
Unified
..............................................
CA
117,557
3,683
54,901
58,973
100.0
3.1
46.7
50.2
118,712
99,574
64,225
15,974
3
7.1
5,153
Corona­
Norco
Unified
..............................................
CA
244,840
9,019
188,821
47,000
100.0
3.7
77.1
19.2
220,448
159,603
102,154
59,544
0
14.4
5,109
Cupertino
Union
Elementary
...................................
CA
87,543
1,836
29,421
56,286
100.0
2.1
33.6
64.3
97,225
73,833
48,899
20,864
2,447
6.1
4,914
Desert
Sands
Unified
...............................................
CA
138,348
7,358
76,464
54,526
100.0
5.3
55.3
39.4
128,937
103,224
63,851
25,221
0
26.7
4,889
Downey
Unified
........................................................
CA
108,671
6,898
72,019
29,754
100.0
6.3
66.3
27.4
117,440
93,533
60,888
18,862
390
14.9
4,745
East
Side
Union
High
..............................................
CA
175,854
6,671
92,667
76,516
100.0
3.8
52.7
43.5
168,689
135,787
82,598
18,681
2,618
17.0
5,705
Elk
Grove
Unified
.....................................................
CA
268,156
13,349
179,426
75,381
100.0
5.0
66.9
28.1
255,528
211,971
134,918
28,885
6,455
21.1
5,273
Escondido
Union
Elementary
..................................
CA
101,445
7,024
63,960
30,461
100.0
6.9
63.0
30.0
96,170
88,028
57,040
6,821
1,265
19.4
4,905
Fairfield­
Suisun
Unified
............................................
CA
122,772
5,292
82,287
35,193
100.0
4.3
67.0
28.7
118,379
98,739
66,217
15,347
190
16.3
4,599
Folsom­
Cordova
Unified
..........................................
CA
108,308
4,070
49,505
54,733
100.0
3.8
45.7
50.5
107,951
69,870
42,731
37,312
0
18.4
4,926
Fontana
Unified
.......................................................
CA
206,070
14,793
160,304
30,973
100.0
7.2
77.8
15.0
221,326
179,982
103,660
37,017
3,563
23.0
5,400
Fremont
Unified
.......................................................
CA
194,320
5,788
106,416
82,116
100.0
3.0
54.8
42.3
197,239
162,332
109,979
24,488
3,806
5.3
5,331
Fresno
Unified
.........................................................
CA
489,507
59,951
336,987
92,569
100.0
12.2
68.8
18.9
478,413
421,972
258,272
42,572
4,730
43.4
5,398
110
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Garden
Grove
Unified
..............................................
CA
267,436
23,763
157,853
85,820
100.0
8.9
59.0
32.1
267,498
241,603
153,684
21,914
0
22.4
5,278
Glendale
Unified
......................................................
CA
187,755
17,855
108,737
61,163
100.0
9.5
57.9
32.6
183,453
157,127
102,140
24,520
778
29.0
5,206
Grossmont
Union
High
............................................
CA
158,805
7,405
87,555
63,845
100.0
4.7
55.1
40.2
149,430
119,320
70,575
20,813
1,576
8.7
5,220
Hacienda
La
Puente
Unified
....................................
CA
160,112
13,071
113,453
33,588
100.0
8.2
70.9
21.0
163,378
115,599
70,577
22,190
0
15.7
5,096
Hayward
Unified
......................................................
CA
160,991
11,428
90,401
59,162
100.0
7.1
56.2
36.7
174,273
118,231
75,501
44,699
651
17.2
5,310
Hemet
Unified
..........................................................
CA
96,164
6,260
68,861
21,043
100.0
6.5
71.6
21.9
91,323
77,874
50,474
12,162
793
22.7
4,992
Hesperia
Unified
......................................................
CA
79,491
5,254
57,880
16,357
100.0
6.6
72.8
20.6
85,595
75,170
48,848
10,332
0
20.8
4,920
Inglewood
Unified
....................................................
CA
94,603
10,523
60,986
23,094
100.0
11.1
64.5
24.4
87,910
79,368
49,400
3,148
263
27.3
4,631
Irvine
Unified
............................................................
CA
135,591
4,322
56,068
75,201
100.0
3.2
41.4
55.5
129,231
119,809
77,598
7,668
348
5.4
5,195
Jurupa
Unified
..........................................................
CA
99,677
5,686
73,506
20,485
100.0
5.7
73.7
20.6
99,030
91,222
59,118
7,296
0
18.0
5,088
Kern
Union
High
......................................................
CA
193,842
11,444
96,843
85,555
100.0
5.9
50.0
44.1
180,236
141,015
77,832
26,400
4,640
31.3
5,250
Lake
Elsinore
Unified
...............................................
CA
97,101
5,076
68,096
23,929
100.0
5.2
70.1
24.6
100,861
75,228
47,141
24,651
572
14.3
4,990
Lodi
Unified
..............................................................
CA
146,836
10,420
100,402
36,014
100.0
7.1
68.4
24.5
143,093
130,359
81,688
11,999
0
24.2
5,069
Long
Beach
Unified
.................................................
CA
550,591
64,707
367,040
118,844
100.0
11.8
66.7
21.6
515,196
452,084
278,380
53,575
1,436
33.3
5,262
Los
Angeles
Unified
.................................................
CA
4,923,865
454,279
3,265,698
1,203,888
100.0
9.2
66.3
24.5
4,618,160
4,089,625
2,573,965
388,648
9,318
36.0
6,010
Lynwood
Unified
......................................................
CA
97,526
7,958
65,424
24,144
100.0
8.2
67.1
24.8
94,989
77,974
52,633
13,890
716
34.7
4,866
Madera
Unified
........................................................
CA
95,394
7,564
65,328
22,502
100.0
7.9
68.5
23.6
90,762
82,675
50,054
5,582
0
42.5
5,149
Manteca
Unified
.......................................................
CA
89,759
4,278
59,964
25,517
100.0
4.8
66.8
28.4
89,100
75,658
47,629
10,529
0
16.3
4,633
Modesto
City
Elementary
........................................
CA
190,659
15,028
119,416
56,215
100.0
7.9
62.6
29.5
181,156
165,798
111,398
10,273
2,968
36.9
5,282
Montebello
Unified
...................................................
CA
210,287
24,909
129,020
56,358
100.0
11.8
61.4
26.8
204,839
168,624
106,162
23,253
1,248
34.8
4,993
Moreno
Valley
Unified
.............................................
CA
169,541
12,781
128,848
27,912
100.0
7.5
76.0
16.5
164,960
152,617
95,961
9,618
30
15.7
4,857
Mt.
Diablo
Unified
....................................................
CA
210,823
9,323
112,572
88,928
100.0
4.4
53.4
42.2
204,858
184,792
117,382
7,117
5,822
10.0
5,156
Napa
Valley
Unified
.................................................
CA
96,149
4,584
38,933
52,632
100.0
4.8
40.5
54.7
99,056
77,960
49,001
18,797
230
14.0
4,859
Newport­
Mesa
Unified
.............................................
CA
116,750
6,331
32,437
77,982
100.0
5.4
27.8
66.8
120,487
105,903
64,156
11,336
258
13.8
5,232
Norwalk­
La
Mirada
Unified
......................................
CA
133,138
9,916
91,563
31,659
100.0
7.4
68.8
23.8
132,502
111,001
67,396
16,270
0
12.9
4,994
Oakland
Unified
.......................................................
CA
417,271
35,671
270,498
111,102
100.0
8.5
64.8
26.6
419,873
327,563
199,727
78,106
3,163
35.2
6,115
Oceanside
City
Unified
............................................
CA
122,662
10,455
76,385
35,822
100.0
8.5
62.3
29.2
119,014
103,341
65,580
14,228
265
21.2
4,946
Ontario­
Montclair
Elementary
..................................
CA
151,059
13,016
115,481
22,562
100.0
8.6
76.4
14.9
146,542
124,809
83,695
21,229
0
32.4
5,063
Orange
Unified
.........................................................
CA
163,414
8,037
71,538
83,839
100.0
4.9
43.8
51.3
157,716
143,958
88,473
12,828
679
12.5
4,922
Oxnard
Elementary
..................................................
CA
89,849
8,618
57,682
23,549
100.0
9.6
64.2
26.2
89,264
78,871
49,682
8,323
1,842
30.6
5,370
Pajaro
Valley
Joint
Unified
......................................
CA
119,812
13,199
69,625
36,988
100.0
11.0
58.1
30.9
114,944
101,582
62,109
10,887
508
24.2
5,376
Palm
Springs
Unified
...............................................
CA
112,373
7,509
66,469
38,395
100.0
6.7
59.2
34.2
128,081
92,313
56,252
31,866
3,184
30.1
4,947
Palmdale
Elementary
...............................................
CA
148,062
13,587
102,263
32,212
100.0
9.2
69.1
21.8
126,060
93,427
58,918
29,996
1,748
16.9
4,944
Paramount
Unified
...................................................
CA
95,067
9,045
66,350
19,672
100.0
9.5
69.8
20.7
103,652
83,133
49,777
17,202
1,180
30.1
5,131
Pasadena
Unified
....................................................
CA
155,096
14,824
90,163
50,109
100.0
9.6
58.1
32.3
148,395
137,702
81,981
10,597
0
24.8
6,035
Placentia­
Yorba
Linda
Unified
.................................
CA
143,651
5,395
76,875
61,381
100.0
3.8
53.5
42.7
135,334
123,414
78,628
9,489
0
10.3
4,959
Pomona
Unified
.......................................................
CA
234,989
28,046
161,597
45,346
100.0
11.9
68.8
19.3
204,297
159,982
96,332
32,450
3,338
30.6
4,989
Poway
Unified
..........................................................
CA
182,869
4,431
100,210
78,228
100.0
2.4
54.8
42.8
176,034
156,647
102,589
17,788
363
5.2
4,998
Redlands
Unified
.....................................................
CA
109,073
5,533
71,829
31,711
100.0
5.1
65.9
29.1
113,414
94,083
58,797
15,389
1,893
18.7
5,062
Rialto
Unified
...........................................................
CA
190,644
10,220
141,483
38,941
100.0
5.4
74.2
20.4
160,982
123,858
74,178
36,470
8
24.1
4,866
Riverside
Unified
......................................................
CA
277,431
14,104
211,423
51,904
100.0
5.1
76.2
18.7
238,988
187,716
115,788
45,787
595
20.4
5,232
Rowland
Unified
.......................................................
CA
107,959
7,692
75,571
24,696
100.0
7.1
70.0
22.9
108,822
95,723
58,720
10,363
0
14.5
5,081
Sacramento
City
Unified
..........................................
CA
330,348
34,405
205,975
89,968
100.0
10.4
62.4
27.2
316,435
278,937
181,050
26,464
398
38.4
5,465
Saddleback
Valley
Unified
.......................................
CA
183,793
4,736
93,436
85,621
100.0
2.6
50.8
46.6
177,876
161,448
109,625
12,133
64
4.3
4,867
San
Bernardino
City
Unified
....................................
CA
287,304
29,798
216,334
41,172
100.0
10.4
75.3
14.3
316,953
275,225
162,114
36,985
0
44.0
5,808
San
Diego
City
Unified
............................................
CA
982,542
78,081
472,515
431,946
100.0
7.9
48.1
44.0
875,420
806,319
481,752
43,324
24,375
28.0
5,917
San
Francisco
Unified
.............................................
CA
453,242
30,030
183,672
239,540
100.0
6.6
40.5
52.9
468,458
367,956
245,974
65,746
0
21.7
6,031
San
Jose
Unified
.....................................................
CA
264,475
14,010
104,150
146,315
100.0
5.3
39.4
55.3
237,421
200,703
124,280
30,200
336
15.5
6,083
San
Juan
Unified
.....................................................
CA
338,235
20,232
234,077
83,926
100.0
6.0
69.2
24.8
320,916
262,522
160,331
52,563
714
14.4
5,488
San
Ramon
Valley
Unified
......................................
CA
122,055
1,704
43,735
76,616
100.0
1.4
35.8
62.8
112,184
97,637
65,303
9,871
4,368
2.9
5,000
Santa
Ana
Unified
....................................................
CA
354,515
28,968
230,082
95,465
100.0
8.2
64.9
26.9
320,749
281,788
184,648
36,772
590
32.1
5,237
Simi
Valley
Unified
...................................................
CA
122,273
4,906
73,359
44,008
100.0
4.0
60.0
36.0
120,429
96,563
61,631
15,262
1,706
4.9
4,960
Stockton
City
Unified
...............................................
CA
229,218
22,873
158,081
48,264
100.0
10.0
69.0
21.1
225,724
204,638
124,292
18,574
9
40.0
5,741
Sweetwater
Union
High
...........................................
CA
208,488
16,886
147,952
43,650
100.0
8.1
71.0
20.9
215,020
173,668
104,694
28,097
233
25.1
5,471
Temecula
Valley
Unified
..........................................
CA
89,472
2,248
54,566
32,658
100.0
2.5
61.0
36.5
80,295
68,657
44,607
7,196
3,412
8.4
4,698
Torrance
Unified
......................................................
CA
133,094
4,107
82,572
46,415
100.0
3.1
62.0
34.9
123,810
111,573
70,685
5,035
0
10.0
4,764
Tustin
Unified
...........................................................
CA
88,179
3,793
40,055
44,331
100.0
4.3
45.4
50.3
82,040
74,156
47,200
6,349
0
10.3
4,855
Vallejo
City
Unified
..................................................
CA
123,230
7,072
78,829
37,329
100.0
5.7
64.0
30.3
137,772
98,376
59,748
30,134
2,040
19.1
4,944
Ventura
Unified
........................................................
CA
106,001
5,704
59,242
41,055
100.0
5.4
55.9
38.7
97,220
84,095
51,280
7,851
256
14.7
4,926
Visalia
Unified
..........................................................
CA
143,827
11,667
100,709
31,451
100.0
8.1
70.0
21.9
136,206
122,803
79,810
6,385
793
31.8
5,021
Vista
Unified
.............................................................
CA
163,495
7,446
111,346
44,703
100.0
4.6
68.1
27.3
160,134
139,846
89,258
17,127
1,252
18.3
5,383
West
Contra
Costa
Unified
......................................
CA
203,691
16,639
123,466
63,586
100.0
8.2
60.6
31.2
200,951
188,563
121,077
9,258
987
23.8
5,695
111
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
William
S.
Hart
Union
High
......................................
CA
83,341
2,518
54,071
26,752
100.0
3.0
64.9
32.1
80,311
71,567
42,771
6,832
12
5.0
5,067
Academy
20
.............................................................
CO
91,225
3,813
45,041
42,371
100.0
4.2
49.4
46.4
129,789
82,045
48,861
39,398
8,182
3.5
5,368
Adams­
Arapahoe
.....................................................
CO
187,473
9,702
99,465
78,306
100.0
5.2
53.1
41.8
203,185
167,091
101,707
26,192
9,692
14.3
5,842
Boulder
Valley
..........................................................
CO
160,059
5,587
30,315
124,157
100.0
3.5
18.9
77.6
163,726
133,969
86,521
20,353
5,721
9.3
5,115
Cherry
Creek
...........................................................
CO
268,627
5,894
86,468
176,265
100.0
2.2
32.2
65.6
305,198
229,930
146,886
60,086
14,228
4.8
5,953
Colorado
Springs
.....................................................
CO
188,272
9,109
89,175
89,988
100.0
4.8
47.4
47.8
230,681
183,774
102,961
38,880
7,247
12.9
5,600
Denver
County
.........................................................
CO
449,616
39,100
143,271
267,245
100.0
8.7
31.9
59.4
451,733
389,438
227,038
23,969
34,583
24.8
5,739
Douglas
County
.......................................................
CO
172,550
2,596
66,732
103,222
100.0
1.5
38.7
59.8
197,246
155,250
88,934
32,040
9,662
2.4
5,692
Greeley
....................................................................
CO
85,250
6,140
43,441
35,669
100.0
7.2
51.0
41.8
90,584
77,776
47,036
8,246
4,198
17.3
5,478
Jefferson
County
......................................................
CO
549,776
15,338
238,697
295,741
100.0
2.8
43.4
53.8
613,875
554,224
276,773
28,755
22,013
6.7
6,298
Littleton
....................................................................
CO
99,318
2,167
43,380
53,771
100.0
2.2
43.7
54.1
116,836
85,794
54,160
27,295
3,195
6.5
5,327
Mesa
County
Valley
.................................................
CO
105,576
6,282
61,177
38,117
100.0
6.0
57.9
36.1
137,448
92,394
60,902
41,045
2,994
16.2
4,864
Northglenn­
Thornton
................................................
CO
166,012
6,409
90,243
69,360
100.0
3.9
54.4
41.8
186,671
139,653
83,482
35,711
8,590
8.9
5,226
Poudre
.....................................................................
CO
141,500
5,645
51,288
84,567
100.0
4.0
36.2
59.8
152,899
130,831
68,844
12,125
9,148
10.7
5,732
Pueblo
City
..............................................................
CO
96,008
9,184
59,519
27,305
100.0
9.6
62.0
28.4
94,238
90,638
53,868
2,005
1,036
24.4
5,044
St.
Vrain
Valley
........................................................
CO
104,618
3,449
44,999
56,170
100.0
3.3
43.0
53.7
101,270
85,674
52,407
9,415
4,997
8.0
4,793
Bridgeport
................................................................
CT
193,654
18,238
135,066
40,350
100.0
9.4
69.7
20.8
189,743
180,167
118,975
1,969
2,188
37.8
8,128
Hartford
....................................................................
CT
271,054
28,525
189,002
53,527
100.0
10.5
69.7
19.7
264,529
251,134
174,397
3,972
4,462
54.0
10,835
New
Haven
..............................................................
CT
204,046
25,047
136,901
42,098
100.0
12.3
67.1
20.6
199,177
184,593
117,800
1,206
2,383
47.9
9,522
Waterbury
School
District
........................................
CT
140,867
10,840
82,672
47,355
100.0
7.7
58.7
33.6
140,694
135,826
82,352
1,089
447
29.3
9,191
Christina
...................................................................
DE
176,730
8,425
109,366
58,939
100.0
4.8
61.9
33.3
181,056
153,229
96,069
19,320
1,779
13.7
7,497
Red
Clay
Consolidated
............................................
DE
132,425
6,473
73,294
52,658
100.0
4.9
55.3
39.8
123,826
119,620
76,523
2,181
0
11.3
7,614
District
of
Columbia
.................................................
DC
706,938
116,366
0
590,572
100.0
16.5
0.0
83.5
716,740
653,460
283,484
59,891
0
33.1
8,474
Alachua
County
.......................................................
FL
206,598
18,507
117,576
70,515
100.0
9.0
56.9
34.1
188,246
155,721
84,386
18,230
9,661
22.1
5,180
Bay
County
..............................................................
FL
159,480
14,241
92,269
52,970
100.0
8.9
57.9
33.2
152,964
133,016
78,395
12,497
2,139
21.3
5,109
Brevard
County
........................................................
FL
411,105
23,442
222,757
164,906
100.0
5.7
54.2
40.1
415,187
326,946
199,548
75,007
10,528
16.0
4,817
Broward
County
.......................................................
FL
1,552,136
99,409
796,726
656,001
100.0
6.4
51.3
42.3
1,470,830
1,225,903
678,498
151,390
37,272
15.9
5,453
Charlotte
County
......................................................
FL
111,067
6,122
37,357
67,588
100.0
5.5
33.6
60.9
106,706
87,364
48,765
15,470
1,632
16.7
5,362
Clay
County
.............................................................
FL
148,344
6,481
99,549
42,314
100.0
4.4
67.1
28.5
151,624
124,816
73,515
24,328
1,558
10.0
4,665
Collier
County
..........................................................
FL
244,917
17,674
44,116
183,127
100.0
7.2
18.0
74.8
243,960
177,405
108,553
51,164
10,390
19.0
6,063
Dade
County
............................................................
FL
2,557,027
202,952
1,352,586
1,001,489
100.0
7.9
52.9
39.2
2,501,659
2,058,971
1,218,251
262,181
80,793
26.1
5,952
Duval
County
...........................................................
FL
763,122
57,096
418,781
287,245
100.0
7.5
54.9
37.6
761,889
640,163
379,372
103,903
10,900
17.6
5,041
Escambia
County
.....................................................
FL
292,925
28,893
183,293
80,739
100.0
9.9
62.6
27.6
271,432
238,456
130,686
23,918
5,022
23.3
5,174
Hernando
County
.....................................................
FL
101,540
6,092
49,207
46,241
100.0
6.0
48.5
45.5
92,822
78,286
43,160
9,261
4,534
21.9
4,859
Hillsborough
County
................................................
FL
1,056,290
96,580
604,771
354,939
100.0
9.1
57.3
33.6
1,055,110
837,887
478,260
144,935
27,729
19.7
5,484
Lake
County
.............................................................
FL
165,876
10,575
90,526
64,775
100.0
6.4
54.6
39.1
160,639
131,458
74,414
22,686
555
20.1
4,846
Lee
County
..............................................................
FL
379,424
26,256
123,728
229,440
100.0
6.9
32.6
60.5
386,894
309,092
172,966
59,125
12,644
18.3
5,746
Leon
County
............................................................
FL
219,131
14,219
117,293
87,619
100.0
6.5
53.5
40.0
214,575
170,863
95,551
31,005
5,637
16.0
5,437
Manatee
County
......................................................
FL
246,449
15,554
98,339
132,556
100.0
6.3
39.9
53.8
298,561
186,000
106,751
102,369
5,585
19.2
5,517
Marion
County
.........................................................
FL
229,731
19,196
136,180
74,355
100.0
8.4
59.3
32.4
207,589
187,862
108,962
12,622
4,509
24.1
5,050
Martin
County
..........................................................
FL
119,470
6,974
23,768
88,728
100.0
5.8
19.9
74.3
108,471
86,949
48,797
16,902
571
16.3
5,626
Okaloosa
County
.....................................................
FL
196,762
14,716
97,746
84,300
100.0
7.5
49.7
42.8
193,755
151,044
88,692
37,186
2,782
14.3
4,982
Orange
County
........................................................
FL
882,431
48,450
389,995
443,986
100.0
5.5
44.2
50.3
899,125
708,203
392,491
140,294
16,104
17.6
5,292
Osceola
County
.......................................................
FL
187,698
8,831
99,884
78,983
100.0
4.7
53.2
42.1
177,265
141,833
77,601
27,552
5,338
18.6
4,936
Palm
Beach
County
.................................................
FL
1,079,586
77,197
337,470
664,919
100.0
7.2
31.3
61.6
1,027,212
797,307
497,096
132,842
35,790
17.0
5,586
Pasco
County
..........................................................
FL
286,493
20,988
164,934
100,571
100.0
7.3
57.6
35.1
282,410
238,897
135,861
31,413
9,938
20.0
5,336
Pinellas
County
........................................................
FL
734,162
44,368
345,502
344,292
100.0
6.0
47.1
46.9
681,336
582,428
345,483
78,258
50
17.4
5,328
Polk
County
.............................................................
FL
466,587
38,452
280,194
147,941
100.0
8.2
60.1
31.7
447,757
399,916
227,293
31,379
7,182
22.4
5,228
Saint
Johns
County
.................................................
FL
120,719
5,672
49,868
65,179
100.0
4.7
41.3
54.0
108,283
90,655
52,461
9,165
2,972
14.2
5,209
Saint
Lucie
County
..................................................
FL
185,545
16,048
82,322
87,175
100.0
8.6
44.4
47.0
212,559
151,630
83,905
51,976
8,536
22.6
5,360
Santa
Rosa
County
.................................................
FL
141,384
8,843
94,115
38,426
100.0
6.3
66.6
27.2
129,699
104,301
60,130
21,449
1,593
16.1
4,837
Sarasota
County
......................................................
FL
273,733
12,316
63,012
198,405
100.0
4.5
23.0
72.5
246,585
206,745
121,407
26,004
5,067
14.2
6,235
Seminole
County
.....................................................
FL
345,773
13,350
186,008
146,415
100.0
3.9
53.8
42.3
341,509
279,096
168,837
45,172
16,312
12.9
4,904
Volusia
County
.........................................................
FL
377,724
23,565
184,658
169,501
100.0
6.2
48.9
44.9
348,910
306,339
182,341
32,350
9,069
20.0
5,165
Atlanta
City
..............................................................
GA
585,318
45,122
179,768
360,428
100.0
7.7
30.7
61.6
498,815
452,864
266,823
42,305
0
42.4
7,545
Bibb
County
.............................................................
GA
151,610
15,877
80,551
55,182
100.0
10.5
53.1
36.4
149,287
141,353
87,256
5,207
1,689
29.5
5,728
Chatham
County
......................................................
GA
252,016
18,139
116,771
117,106
100.0
7.2
46.3
46.5
260,310
201,832
131,206
49,322
7,814
27.4
5,486
112
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Cherokee
County
.....................................................
GA
152,702
4,762
73,012
74,928
100.0
3.1
47.8
49.1
136,158
122,245
77,585
9,718
4,195
9.1
5,264
Clayton
County
........................................................
GA
283,902
16,252
142,734
124,916
100.0
5.7
50.3
44.0
259,409
232,906
143,561
24,935
1,084
19.7
5,457
Cobb
County
............................................................
GA
585,362
16,216
286,060
283,086
100.0
2.8
48.9
48.4
585,250
476,326
318,878
88,671
18,146
8.1
5,396
Columbia
County
.....................................................
GA
101,061
3,799
57,971
39,291
100.0
3.8
57.4
38.9
94,552
85,800
56,218
5,576
3,027
10.8
4,682
Coweta
County
........................................................
GA
101,646
4,581
54,177
42,888
100.0
4.5
53.3
42.2
97,653
78,074
49,988
16,264
2,606
15.8
5,223
De
Kalb
County
.......................................................
GA
638,780
30,834
274,376
333,570
100.0
4.8
43.0
52.2
605,372
569,958
349,031
30,551
4,791
15.8
6,204
Dougherty
................................................................
GA
119,723
13,010
69,159
37,554
100.0
10.9
57.8
31.4
112,065
104,535
60,929
7,298
81
33.4
5,989
Douglas
County
.......................................................
GA
102,744
4,162
59,505
39,077
100.0
4.1
57.9
38.0
105,949
90,075
54,631
11,400
4,474
13.6
5,464
Fayette
County
........................................................
GA
119,872
2,318
61,772
55,782
100.0
1.9
51.5
46.5
132,284
97,739
63,605
27,592
5,433
5.3
5,336
Forsyth
County
........................................................
GA
98,260
2,080
35,957
60,223
100.0
2.1
36.6
61.3
128,776
71,934
43,451
50,428
6,295
7.9
5,568
Fulton
County
..........................................................
GA
549,589
15,594
183,109
350,886
100.0
2.8
33.3
63.8
471,929
400,161
239,076
54,063
17,307
11.1
6,372
Gwinnett
County
......................................................
GA
658,850
15,163
298,325
345,362
100.0
2.3
45.3
52.4
635,429
510,392
340,897
86,897
22,502
7.6
5,458
Hall
County
..............................................................
GA
108,787
6,977
59,361
42,449
100.0
6.4
54.6
39.0
104,869
93,080
60,103
8,488
2,036
14.6
5,127
Henry
County
...........................................................
GA
112,038
3,331
56,595
52,112
100.0
3.0
50.5
46.5
112,179
92,957
60,366
14,989
4,233
9.7
4,974
Houston
County
.......................................................
GA
131,758
7,762
76,850
47,146
100.0
5.9
58.3
35.8
133,070
110,570
70,506
18,381
3,546
18.5
5,432
Muscogee
County
....................................................
GA
215,147
13,618
127,308
74,221
100.0
6.3
59.2
34.5
207,923
190,513
121,077
14,186
1,254
27.4
5,708
Paulding
County
......................................................
GA
75,583
2,779
45,335
27,469
100.0
3.7
60.0
36.3
80,934
62,552
39,872
14,425
3,119
12.6
4,721
Richmond
County
....................................................
GA
242,045
21,194
119,444
101,407
100.0
8.8
49.3
41.9
236,854
195,664
119,027
31,847
8,441
29.4
5,320
Hawaii
Department
of
Education
.............................
HI
1,279,125
107,149
1,141,001
30,975
100.0
8.4
89.2
2.4
1,266,378
1,112,525
712,023
121,486
0
14.5
5,859
Boise
City
Independent
...........................................
ID
165,550
6,708
76,577
82,265
100.0
4.1
46.3
49.7
188,536
144,140
93,393
38,738
3,906
11.2
5,356
Meridian
Junction
.....................................................
ID
100,803
3,689
66,923
30,191
100.0
3.7
66.4
30.0
97,386
82,917
51,775
10,274
4,168
7.5
3,989
City
of
Chicago
........................................................
IL
3,083,835
412,494
1,108,444
1,562,897
100.0
13.4
35.9
50.7
3,446,592
2,833,263
1,748,125
499,983
51,000
30.6
6,617
Community
Unit
300
................................................
IL
85,409
4,103
22,944
58,362
100.0
4.8
26.9
68.3
91,532
79,520
48,291
7,629
2,485
10.2
5,232
Indian
Prairie
20
......................................................
IL
108,561
1,989
15,848
90,724
100.0
1.8
14.6
83.6
141,644
89,602
53,402
42,685
9,091
4.0
5,093
Naperville
Community
Unit
District
203
...................
IL
135,732
2,639
18,207
114,886
100.0
1.9
13.4
84.6
128,837
116,691
67,917
8,544
885
2.2
6,443
Peoria
.......................................................................
IL
115,799
12,041
46,308
57,450
100.0
10.4
40.0
49.6
105,783
98,250
55,467
2,952
950
27.9
6,045
Rockford
...................................................................
IL
221,095
15,870
62,096
143,129
100.0
7.2
28.1
64.7
231,055
192,359
112,807
24,163
11,425
19.1
6,919
Schaumburg
.............................................................
IL
136,063
4,482
18,691
112,890
100.0
3.3
13.7
83.0
129,594
111,786
68,968
11,175
5,736
2.7
6,968
School
District
46
.....................................................
IL
218,441
8,076
55,795
154,570
100.0
3.7
25.5
70.8
266,366
187,189
118,202
70,328
6,304
7.0
5,649
Springfield
................................................................
IL
114,992
11,563
32,951
70,478
100.0
10.1
28.7
61.3
124,116
101,762
54,621
12,632
4,891
21.5
6,625
Evansville­
Vanderburgh
School
Corporation
...........
IN
174,718
12,076
86,341
76,301
100.0
6.9
49.4
43.7
174,301
151,938
97,799
17,336
874
16.5
6,451
Fort
Wayne
Community
...........................................
IN
248,170
12,880
114,936
120,354
100.0
5.2
46.3
48.5
239,136
209,643
129,025
21,092
674
15.7
6,595
Gary
Community
School
Corporation
......................
IN
176,386
17,184
110,593
48,609
100.0
9.7
62.7
27.6
168,602
157,680
91,739
8,236
652
34.5
7,515
Indianapolis
..............................................................
IN
394,523
33,704
218,770
142,049
100.0
8.5
55.5
36.0
411,438
348,176
201,722
22,358
1,252
28.9
8,056
MSD
Lawrence
Township
........................................
IN
124,248
3,494
54,019
66,735
100.0
2.8
43.5
53.7
134,844
99,450
68,664
23,230
795
5.9
6,690
South
Bend
Community
School
Corporation
..........
IN
180,046
10,433
82,988
86,625
100.0
5.8
46.1
48.1
186,667
146,997
94,066
29,335
2,087
18.3
6,986
Vigo
County
School
Corporation
.............................
IN
110,526
5,771
62,183
42,572
100.0
5.2
56.3
38.5
109,486
91,513
56,211
11,035
781
18.2
5,398
Cedar
Rapids
...........................................................
IA
119,301
4,259
58,989
56,053
100.0
3.6
49.4
47.0
120,204
103,905
64,972
6,534
313
10.7
5,761
Davenport
................................................................
IA
114,732
5,726
63,770
45,236
100.0
5.0
55.6
39.4
115,325
104,575
69,574
3,541
256
17.6
6,073
Des
Moines
Independent
.........................................
IA
238,766
13,315
118,946
106,505
100.0
5.6
49.8
44.6
232,287
207,100
135,592
9,766
351
16.5
6,554
Blue
Valley
...............................................................
KS
130,651
1,407
43,409
85,835
100.0
1.1
33.2
65.7
115,839
89,249
47,614
8,314
12,435
2.1
5,877
Kansas
City
..............................................................
KS
146,218
7,622
100,530
38,066
100.0
5.2
68.8
26.0
147,567
132,902
72,416
9,919
57
28.4
6,250
Olathe
......................................................................
KS
136,206
4,189
68,926
63,091
100.0
3.1
50.6
46.3
123,724
109,728
62,850
5,341
7,889
4.7
5,847
Shawnee
Mission
.....................................................
KS
206,094
5,628
78,599
121,867
100.0
2.7
38.1
59.1
206,627
181,262
109,935
11,582
13,773
5.4
5,707
Wichita
.....................................................................
KS
305,038
32,879
176,542
95,617
100.0
10.8
57.9
31.3
290,060
276,196
160,556
13,116
0
17.4
5,894
Fayette
County
........................................................
KY
225,122
11,948
100,233
112,941
100.0
5.3
44.5
50.2
227,004
199,255
119,953
21,962
4,054
15.9
5,835
Jefferson
County
......................................................
KY
662,998
62,798
303,752
296,448
100.0
9.5
45.8
44.7
678,960
586,579
329,088
79,341
13,040
17.0
5,880
Bossier
Parish
School
Board
...................................
LA
101,081
8,249
52,595
40,237
100.0
8.2
52.0
39.8
116,558
93,174
53,045
13,986
940
18.3
4,922
Caddo
Parish
School
Board
....................................
LA
285,284
29,232
140,664
115,388
100.0
10.2
49.3
40.4
272,866
256,192
156,757
14,231
1,291
26.7
5,299
Calcasieu
Parish
School
Board
...............................
LA
193,962
16,250
83,256
94,456
100.0
8.4
42.9
48.7
190,495
170,463
104,120
12,274
7,370
18.1
5,083
East
Baton
Rouge
Parish
School
Board
.................
LA
324,916
32,839
155,914
136,163
100.0
10.1
48.0
41.9
321,227
308,775
179,450
11,367
106
20.9
5,302
Jefferson
Parish
School
Board
................................
LA
338,335
32,908
139,368
166,059
100.0
9.7
41.2
49.1
362,837
314,581
184,690
30,440
14,829
18.7
5,781
Lafayette
Parish
School
Board
................................
LA
168,317
17,476
77,194
73,647
100.0
10.4
45.9
43.8
165,219
148,190
96,062
14,064
2,434
18.2
4,850
Lafourche
Parish
School
Board
...............................
LA
93,520
9,254
51,963
32,303
100.0
9.9
55.6
34.5
95,106
86,323
53,872
7,792
547
19.4
5,451
Livingston
Parish
School
Board
..............................
LA
96,043
7,157
63,542
25,344
100.0
7.5
66.2
26.4
97,780
82,557
52,052
13,419
1,605
15.7
4,409
113
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Orleans
Parish
School
Board
..................................
LA
467,735
67,919
226,582
173,234
100.0
14.5
48.4
37.0
451,291
414,691
258,507
19,329
16,563
35.8
4,986
Ouachita
Parish
School
Board
................................
LA
100,450
9,059
53,742
37,649
100.0
9.0
53.5
37.5
90,345
84,649
55,879
3,914
1,371
17.5
4,782
Rapides
Parish
School
Board
.................................
LA
140,492
16,432
74,556
49,504
100.0
11.7
53.1
35.2
132,924
122,976
72,947
6,422
3,203
26.3
5,155
Saint
Landry
Parish
School
Board
..........................
LA
83,383
14,459
53,988
14,936
100.0
17.3
64.7
17.9
78,142
74,467
46,613
2,096
1,125
32.0
4,491
Saint
Tammany
Parish
School
Board
.....................
LA
203,150
11,706
107,633
83,811
100.0
5.8
53.0
41.3
195,995
175,426
110,838
14,048
5,545
13.5
5,392
Tangipahoa
Parish
School
Board
............................
LA
96,638
12,224
59,501
24,913
100.0
12.6
61.6
25.8
90,274
81,310
50,897
6,059
2,601
29.2
4,347
Terrebonne
Parish
School
Board
............................
LA
112,959
12,612
58,400
41,947
100.0
11.2
51.7
37.1
106,062
100,049
63,396
5,113
509
22.1
4,838
Anne
Arundel
County
..............................................
MD
528,757
18,958
185,644
324,155
100.0
3.6
35.1
61.3
541,339
478,486
291,095
45,308
6,616
8.8
6,522
Baltimore
City
..........................................................
MD
823,135
98,481
499,861
224,793
100.0
12.0
60.7
27.3
838,889
783,935
529,467
45,738
4,544
31.8
7,298
Baltimore
County
.....................................................
MD
825,062
37,622
276,259
511,181
100.0
4.6
33.5
62.0
826,762
729,934
457,448
72,418
6,901
11.0
6,971
Calvert
County
.........................................................
MD
100,708
3,554
37,300
59,854
100.0
3.5
37.0
59.4
97,393
92,413
56,803
3,815
0
9.5
6,271
Carroll
County
..........................................................
MD
192,562
4,990
81,247
106,325
100.0
2.6
42.2
55.2
195,970
163,937
98,417
26,742
2,436
6.5
6,112
Cecil
County
............................................................
MD
102,616
4,526
49,378
48,712
100.0
4.4
48.1
47.5
107,038
93,110
57,180
11,422
1,583
13.0
6,075
Charles
County
........................................................
MD
162,914
5,910
68,979
88,025
100.0
3.6
42.3
54.0
158,993
138,780
77,460
14,894
1,668
10.8
6,419
Frederick
County
.....................................................
MD
254,885
7,282
102,609
144,994
100.0
2.9
40.3
56.9
245,054
214,298
132,706
25,958
3,905
8.0
6,199
Harford
County
........................................................
MD
250,999
8,685
114,988
127,326
100.0
3.5
45.8
50.7
260,393
233,736
146,993
21,814
1,599
9.0
6,060
Howard
County
........................................................
MD
333,421
6,489
98,295
228,637
100.0
1.9
29.5
68.6
339,643
294,191
186,756
31,192
7,768
6.3
7,315
Montgomery
County
................................................
MD
1,239,055
35,368
263,479
940,208
100.0
2.9
21.3
75.9
1,202,495
1,036,090
656,675
119,828
23,753
8.2
8,287
Prince
George's
County
..........................................
MD
968,392
46,371
416,264
505,757
100.0
4.8
43.0
52.2
962,878
862,212
497,473
58,320
8,201
12.7
6,718
Saint
Mary's
County
................................................
MD
114,726
5,369
51,597
57,760
100.0
4.7
45.0
50.3
113,714
93,636
54,882
18,022
1,125
13.1
6,374
Washington
County
.................................................
MD
138,410
7,215
64,930
66,265
100.0
5.2
46.9
47.9
136,630
121,993
76,858
10,152
1,938
14.1
6,094
Boston
......................................................................
MA
686,956
42,659
219,972
424,325
100.0
6.2
32.0
61.8
733,174
656,293
417,776
54,408
6,811
35.5
10,293
Brockton
...................................................................
MA
129,631
8,548
91,291
29,792
100.0
6.6
70.4
23.0
127,097
123,110
79,176
1,619
66
28.7
7,687
Lowell
.......................................................................
MA
137,163
12,908
108,317
15,938
100.0
9.4
79.0
11.6
145,596
130,207
90,154
4,613
8,765
34.9
7,998
Lynn
.........................................................................
MA
115,135
11,723
85,812
17,600
100.0
10.2
74.5
15.3
126,330
113,853
80,030
9,200
940
28.6
7,723
Springfield
................................................................
MA
233,210
22,099
183,027
28,084
100.0
9.5
78.5
12.0
235,102
222,698
155,858
525
4,321
40.4
8,952
Worcester
.................................................................
MA
209,795
15,839
130,292
63,664
100.0
7.5
62.1
30.3
232,329
193,178
136,564
26,103
4,362
34.1
8,061
Ann
Arbor
.................................................................
MI
167,593
2,301
86,146
79,146
100.0
1.4
51.4
47.2
161,711
124,660
71,367
29,744
5,793
9.4
7,889
Dearborn
City
...........................................................
MI
155,802
7,321
80,667
67,814
100.0
4.7
51.8
43.5
143,812
123,484
74,927
11,635
6,802
16.5
7,777
Detroit
City
...............................................................
MI
1,420,219
147,128
1,094,806
178,285
100.0
10.4
77.1
12.6
1,345,361
1,280,142
784,638
26,582
19,918
39.7
7,326
Flint
City
...................................................................
MI
220,710
20,673
155,654
44,383
100.0
9.4
70.5
20.1
218,183
189,880
103,314
3,843
1,201
39.7
7,563
Grand
Rapids
City
...................................................
MI
230,056
17,942
156,783
55,331
100.0
7.8
68.1
24.1
223,236
202,922
113,683
8,920
3,146
24.6
7,592
Lansing
Public
.........................................................
MI
158,498
10,310
107,017
41,171
100.0
6.5
67.5
26.0
149,984
142,842
79,894
2,520
1,344
28.5
7,494
Livonia
......................................................................
MI
173,394
3,495
113,943
55,956
100.0
2.0
65.7
32.3
151,558
133,019
74,411
8,707
5,084
2.7
7,251
Plymouth­
Canton
Community
Schools
....................
MI
118,673
2,081
86,075
30,517
100.0
1.8
72.5
25.7
113,712
99,273
58,730
4,785
6,480
4.1
6,269
Utica
Community
.....................................................
MI
204,238
2,722
147,525
53,991
100.0
1.3
72.2
26.4
192,848
160,059
100,417
19,392
7,259
5.6
6,137
Anoka­
Hennepin
......................................................
MN
267,861
7,807
166,402
93,652
100.0
2.9
62.1
35.0
255,500
220,930
143,061
14,475
7,424
6.1
5,468
Minneapolis
..............................................................
MN
523,132
33,849
237,108
252,175
100.0
6.5
45.3
48.2
525,377
417,240
259,998
69,688
14,701
30.1
8,488
Osseo
.......................................................................
MN
165,646
4,282
88,604
72,760
100.0
2.6
53.5
43.9
151,853
125,152
82,189
6,841
7,338
6.4
5,691
Rochester
.................................................................
MN
115,740
3,693
54,670
57,377
100.0
3.2
47.2
49.6
132,955
92,342
59,453
31,233
2,823
9.3
5,839
Rosemount­
Apple
Valley­
Eagan
..............................
MN
183,364
3,962
100,309
79,093
100.0
2.2
54.7
43.1
170,031
146,692
95,675
9,961
6,791
4.2
5,401
St.
Paul
....................................................................
MN
404,088
27,644
233,273
143,171
100.0
6.8
57.7
35.4
397,284
333,793
218,649
33,190
9,843
25.7
7,394
Desoto
County
.........................................................
MS
70,291
4,305
42,051
23,935
100.0
6.1
59.8
34.1
73,600
62,691
37,722
8,927
1,982
10.3
3,586
Jackson
Public
.........................................................
MS
175,755
19,817
76,911
79,027
100.0
11.3
43.8
45.0
186,553
157,012
92,065
25,724
3,073
23.6
4,871
Rankin
County
School
District
.................................
MS
64,579
4,456
36,812
23,311
100.0
6.9
57.0
36.1
102,843
53,776
34,052
46,250
2,334
12.0
3,634
Columbia
..................................................................
MO
106,432
5,665
38,588
62,179
100.0
5.3
36.3
58.4
100,692
87,051
54,186
3,548
4,940
14.5
5,455
Fort
Zumwalt
R­
11
...................................................
MO
83,712
2,733
27,364
53,615
100.0
3.3
32.7
64.0
85,092
70,053
44,403
8,777
5,237
5.7
4,821
Francis
Howell
.........................................................
MO
117,685
2,500
42,561
72,624
100.0
2.1
36.2
61.7
129,818
103,012
67,986
16,485
7,716
4.3
5,624
Hazelwood
...............................................................
MO
108,882
3,180
20,922
84,780
100.0
2.9
19.2
77.9
117,252
99,735
61,010
14,577
2,440
5.0
5,322
Kansas
City
..............................................................
MO
431,754
32,216
231,786
167,752
100.0
7.5
53.7
38.9
341,237
297,148
154,321
37,850
0
30.3
7,676
North
Kansas
City
....................................................
MO
105,954
3,564
21,358
81,032
100.0
3.4
20.2
76.5
122,762
90,120
60,330
25,319
3,483
7.3
5,296
Parkway
...................................................................
MO
164,090
2,385
29,810
131,895
100.0
1.5
18.2
80.4
154,912
138,881
86,464
9,452
3,418
2.7
6,542
Rockwood
................................................................
MO
143,681
2,582
26,188
114,911
100.0
1.8
18.2
80.0
135,745
107,310
63,490
18,901
5,175
4.3
5,282
Saint
Louis
City
........................................................
MO
411,087
47,211
186,771
177,105
100.0
11.5
45.4
43.1
381,947
338,920
182,403
13,968
11,696
34.4
7,330
Springfield
................................................................
MO
141,815
9,273
42,969
89,573
100.0
6.5
30.3
63.2
137,081
122,921
76,913
7,172
4,863
16.9
4,842
Lincoln
......................................................................
NE
220,258
12,921
56,518
150,819
100.0
5.9
25.7
68.5
207,146
186,553
120,363
17,326
2,811
9.6
6,047
114
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Millard
......................................................................
NE
116,643
2,570
45,916
68,157
100.0
2.2
39.4
58.4
110,174
94,489
63,440
10,508
3,988
1.7
4,966
Omaha
.....................................................................
NE
293,247
27,647
101,321
164,279
100.0
9.4
34.6
56.0
280,752
250,468
145,343
25,642
2,836
14.6
5,560
Clark
County
............................................................
NV
1,223,364
54,219
336,357
832,788
100.0
4.4
27.5
68.1
1,356,279
974,664
581,113
290,018
86,383
14.2
5,108
Washoe
County
.......................................................
NV
299,192
11,776
82,813
204,603
100.0
3.9
27.7
68.4
300,930
266,660
165,783
20,654
12,215
12.7
5,208
Manchester
..............................................................
NH
94,657
7,727
8,722
78,208
100.0
8.2
9.2
82.6
91,088
84,748
59,243
1,932
1,556
11.6
5,117
Camden
City
............................................................
NJ
230,070
17,862
200,675
11,533
100.0
7.8
87.2
5.0
234,207
210,573
120,806
15,034
1,001
57.3
11,096
Elizabeth
City
...........................................................
NJ
212,440
12,751
155,932
43,757
100.0
6.0
73.4
20.6
215,899
170,321
100,963
38,116
596
34.5
9,396
Jersey
City
...............................................................
NJ
375,040
24,435
272,631
77,974
100.0
6.5
72.7
20.8
386,469
323,465
195,395
39,405
5,168
33.7
10,015
Newark
City
.............................................................
NJ
560,216
41,961
413,357
104,898
100.0
7.5
73.8
18.7
597,254
534,567
311,377
35,058
5,036
42.2
12,105
Paterson
City
...........................................................
NJ
290,098
19,231
226,175
44,692
100.0
6.6
78.0
15.4
287,434
228,106
144,787
34,265
574
33.9
9,418
Tom's
River
Regional
..............................................
NJ
145,960
2,151
64,962
78,847
100.0
1.5
44.5
54.0
152,956
141,850
85,125
8,573
1,153
10.4
8,213
Albuquerque
.............................................................
NM
487,210
36,018
366,238
84,954
100.0
7.4
75.2
17.4
486,554
422,464
256,440
58,281
3,235
19.4
4,841
Las
Cruces
...............................................................
NM
123,882
12,933
93,279
17,670
100.0
10.4
75.3
14.3
121,960
109,242
62,035
9,010
2,994
27.2
4,829
Brentwood
Unified
School
District
...........................
NY
168,160
8,033
80,710
79,417
100.0
4.8
48.0
47.2
164,623
150,715
100,873
5,612
725
18.5
10,751
Buffalo
City
..............................................................
NY
468,066
57,981
306,864
103,221
100.0
12.4
65.6
22.1
472,078
422,822
278,151
24,483
4,609
45.2
8,994
New
York
City
..........................................................
NY
9,155,552
870,540
3,910,582
4,374,430
100.0
9.5
42.7
47.8
10,799,265
8,688,668
6,273,098
1,183,546
358,408
34.9
8,106
Rochester
City
.........................................................
NY
405,869
41,085
227,429
137,355
100.0
10.1
56.0
33.8
418,071
337,098
210,990
48,033
7,307
48.5
8,791
Syracuse
City
...........................................................
NY
225,729
24,044
144,886
56,799
100.0
10.7
64.2
25.2
222,677
204,596
137,044
4,147
4,897
45.7
8,607
Yonkers
City
............................................................
NY
284,510
17,444
99,807
167,259
100.0
6.1
35.1
58.8
283,086
256,741
168,923
14,286
3,544
31.3
10,712
Alamance­
Burlington
................................................
NC
107,262
6,321
70,024
30,917
100.0
5.9
65.3
28.8
106,195
95,479
59,190
8,610
2,028
12.0
4,919
Buncombe
County
...................................................
NC
151,698
7,921
93,693
50,084
100.0
5.2
61.8
33.0
147,433
128,761
83,148
13,973
4,606
13.7
5,189
Cabarrus
County
......................................................
NC
98,970
4,814
60,542
33,614
100.0
4.9
61.2
34.0
96,214
80,229
52,821
8,752
5,767
9.4
4,675
Catawba
County
Schools
........................................
NC
85,259
3,860
53,768
27,631
100.0
4.5
63.1
32.4
86,687
75,008
50,933
9,039
2,640
10.9
5,033
Charlotte­
Mecklenburg
.............................................
NC
625,438
34,181
348,760
242,497
100.0
5.5
55.8
38.8
657,885
541,880
334,502
78,853
27,716
13.1
5,657
Cumberland
County
.................................................
NC
293,553
25,743
186,023
81,787
100.0
8.8
63.4
27.9
273,980
246,944
157,966
21,994
2,829
20.5
4,841
Davidson
County
.....................................................
NC
100,981
4,396
68,043
28,542
100.0
4.4
67.4
28.3
95,436
85,355
56,076
8,527
1,459
10.2
4,616
Durham
....................................................................
NC
209,019
12,454
111,405
85,160
100.0
6.0
53.3
40.7
198,780
179,176
111,037
8,039
9,351
17.0
6,107
Forsyth
County
........................................................
NC
265,713
15,919
156,697
93,097
100.0
6.0
59.0
35.0
295,562
241,964
158,848
46,303
7,295
14.6
5,721
Gaston
County
.........................................................
NC
169,749
9,789
117,323
42,637
100.0
5.8
69.1
25.1
167,633
147,251
99,202
17,065
3,317
15.8
4,861
Guilford
County
........................................................
NC
386,221
22,430
232,445
131,346
100.0
5.8
60.2
34.0
386,960
347,736
215,970
38,328
482
14.8
5,805
Harnett
County
.........................................................
NC
83,918
6,296
62,632
14,990
100.0
7.5
74.6
17.9
85,581
71,575
47,054
12,268
1,637
18.5
4,686
Iredell­
Statesville
......................................................
NC
91,536
4,735
60,858
25,943
100.0
5.2
66.5
28.3
98,272
77,747
49,696
18,464
767
12.1
5,010
Johnston
County
......................................................
NC
104,192
6,988
68,923
28,281
100.0
6.7
66.1
27.1
115,764
91,110
59,995
22,150
2,379
15.7
4,943
Nash­
Rocky
Mount
..................................................
NC
109,335
9,395
70,808
29,132
100.0
8.6
64.8
26.6
116,865
92,869
59,537
23,779
0
20.3
5,176
New
Hanover
County
..............................................
NC
139,441
8,425
77,671
53,345
100.0
6.0
55.7
38.3
131,756
114,727
71,222
13,584
2,983
17.4
5,303
Onslow
County
........................................................
NC
120,439
9,446
87,063
23,930
100.0
7.8
72.3
19.9
123,470
96,059
60,394
24,478
2,782
19.1
4,477
Pitt
County
...............................................................
NC
114,364
9,452
78,529
26,383
100.0
8.3
68.7
23.1
117,588
98,888
64,743
15,979
1,872
21.7
4,965
Randolph
County
.....................................................
NC
85,573
4,319
61,454
19,800
100.0
5.0
71.8
23.1
88,363
73,929
47,576
10,848
3,522
11.3
4,586
Robeson
County
......................................................
NC
127,554
17,009
90,830
19,715
100.0
13.3
71.2
15.5
125,455
117,244
76,108
7,627
272
25.8
4,880
Rowan­
Salisbury
......................................................
NC
108,466
6,997
73,809
27,660
100.0
6.5
68.0
25.5
109,698
98,749
64,784
8,303
2,620
15.8
4,962
Union
County
...........................................................
NC
110,653
5,783
71,338
33,532
100.0
5.2
64.5
30.3
107,880
95,866
61,898
6,482
4,077
12.9
4,795
Wake
County
...........................................................
NC
539,242
22,624
315,799
200,819
100.0
4.2
58.6
37.2
647,224
459,592
293,935
154,513
26,327
10.1
5,120
Wayne
County
.........................................................
NC
105,573
9,977
74,085
21,511
100.0
9.5
70.2
20.4
103,837
94,811
63,205
7,912
918
20.5
4,920
Akron
City
................................................................
OH
237,967
25,210
117,453
95,304
100.0
10.6
49.4
40.0
220,328
202,565
119,421
11,589
828
25.3
6,260
Cincinnati
City
..........................................................
OH
417,615
41,905
151,113
224,597
100.0
10.0
36.2
53.8
389,766
350,007
219,770
16,442
7,954
27.1
6,954
Cleveland
City
..........................................................
OH
657,834
64,503
344,464
248,867
100.0
9.8
52.4
37.8
542,906
489,873
284,700
28,820
12,969
37.1
6,403
Columbus
City
.........................................................
OH
534,115
49,335
188,801
295,979
100.0
9.2
35.3
55.4
473,155
442,526
247,267
14,320
3,823
26.9
6,822
Dayton
City
..............................................................
OH
225,418
31,768
101,743
91,907
100.0
14.1
45.1
40.8
216,000
203,097
101,113
9,919
0
30.8
7,657
South­
Western
City
..................................................
OH
126,161
7,964
48,882
69,315
100.0
6.3
38.7
54.9
116,823
106,737
62,032
6,019
2,033
11.2
5,555
Toledo
City
...............................................................
OH
292,245
31,649
152,436
108,160
100.0
10.8
52.2
37.0
279,329
259,748
143,680
10,471
295
26.2
6,562
Broken
Arrow
...........................................................
OK
72,194
3,190
43,275
25,729
100.0
4.4
59.9
35.6
70,067
65,580
35,582
2,924
1,364
9.0
4,503
Edmond
....................................................................
OK
79,345
2,274
39,523
37,548
100.0
2.9
49.8
47.3
87,181
80,853
41,512
3,541
2,732
7.1
4,907
Lawton
.....................................................................
OK
90,193
11,708
60,935
17,550
100.0
13.0
67.6
19.5
90,307
89,326
50,310
358
0
23.6
4,945
Moore
.......................................................................
OK
84,441
4,111
55,470
24,860
100.0
4.9
65.7
29.4
87,222
78,031
48,565
8,581
410
10.5
4,265
Oklahoma
City
.........................................................
OK
217,893
24,206
121,335
72,352
100.0
11.1
55.7
33.2
216,383
186,639
101,700
24,431
3,852
32.3
4,749
115
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Putnam
City
.............................................................
OK
92,401
4,499
48,699
39,203
100.0
4.9
52.7
42.4
90,559
84,120
52,838
4,099
1,345
11.1
4,402
Tulsa
........................................................................
OK
233,499
22,217
118,143
93,139
100.0
9.5
50.6
39.9
280,623
212,288
115,889
62,784
5,280
25.9
5,075
Beaverton
.................................................................
OR
196,805
5,555
110,678
80,572
100.0
2.8
56.2
40.9
197,388
163,208
99,491
27,167
6,548
6.6
5,300
Eugene
.....................................................................
OR
137,443
8,078
64,639
64,726
100.0
5.9
47.0
47.1
121,647
112,342
69,541
5,110
3,048
11.0
5,965
Hillsboro
...................................................................
OR
100,803
4,951
59,707
36,145
100.0
4.9
59.2
35.9
98,486
92,343
55,885
3,324
2,586
10.0
5,603
Portland
....................................................................
OR
440,921
32,193
213,601
195,127
100.0
7.3
48.4
44.3
462,026
437,247
234,307
6,495
17,139
17.5
7,904
Salem/
Keizer
............................................................
OR
209,852
11,476
138,279
60,097
100.0
5.5
65.9
28.6
203,583
189,483
118,603
7,854
5,458
13.5
5,727
Allentown
City
..........................................................
PA
109,319
6,904
39,806
62,609
100.0
6.3
36.4
57.3
109,436
98,445
68,015
2,709
934
25.1
6,299
Central
Bucks
School
District
..................................
PA
123,571
1,121
24,007
98,443
100.0
0.9
19.4
79.7
127,641
100,577
67,179
16,673
5,907
2.9
6,751
Philadelphia
City
......................................................
PA
1,554,208
182,186
771,302
600,720
100.0
11.7
49.6
38.7
1,510,785
1,213,670
733,824
13,584
43,776
28.6
5,702
Pittsburgh
.................................................................
PA
427,808
36,777
158,840
232,191
100.0
8.6
37.1
54.3
433,077
343,539
201,482
32,184
10,133
28.1
8,550
Reading
School
District
...........................................
PA
105,454
10,789
56,669
37,996
100.0
10.2
53.7
36.0
96,582
88,472
57,110
633
2,201
34.5
5,936
Providence
...............................................................
RI
223,377
25,185
121,962
76,230
100.0
11.3
54.6
34.1
216,712
201,323
127,678
9,616
3,633
40.9
7,861
Aiken
County
...........................................................
SC
135,115
10,631
78,930
45,554
100.0
7.9
58.4
33.7
126,737
113,987
70,686
10,636
1,292
19.7
4,683
Beaufort
County
.......................................................
SC
108,273
7,226
34,469
66,578
100.0
6.7
31.8
61.5
128,845
86,702
50,691
35,370
5,602
22.3
5,710
Berkeley
County
......................................................
SC
144,127
12,777
87,322
44,028
100.0
8.9
60.6
30.5
147,551
126,876
73,689
15,207
4,510
20.5
4,848
Charleston
County
...................................................
SC
263,788
25,202
131,226
107,360
100.0
9.6
49.7
40.7
272,832
227,727
142,438
37,718
3,557
26.7
5,163
Dorchester
...............................................................
SC
86,329
4,456
53,662
28,211
100.0
5.2
62.2
32.7
95,330
76,048
47,579
14,585
3,604
15.1
4,815
Greenville
County
....................................................
SC
337,977
20,595
176,230
141,152
100.0
6.1
52.1
41.8
355,325
281,300
168,481
67,479
4,190
14.9
4,938
Horry
County
............................................................
SC
183,005
13,009
77,883
92,113
100.0
7.1
42.6
50.3
183,598
152,575
91,583
21,331
7,961
23.7
5,707
Lexington
#
01
..........................................................
SC
91,575
3,751
54,047
33,777
100.0
4.1
59.0
36.9
94,364
79,338
49,076
11,503
3,153
10.6
5,187
Pickens
County
........................................................
SC
87,365
4,741
49,968
32,656
100.0
5.4
57.2
37.4
94,643
72,878
45,687
18,932
2,506
14.7
4,685
Richland
#
1
..............................................................
SC
207,110
15,730
95,103
96,277
100.0
7.6
45.9
46.5
197,841
171,878
98,776
19,848
4,496
26.2
6,304
Richland
#
2
..............................................................
SC
108,747
5,123
55,863
47,761
100.0
4.7
51.4
43.9
122,621
90,182
54,812
27,637
3,793
10.8
5,825
Sioux
Falls
...............................................................
SD
110,091
6,691
22,306
81,094
100.0
6.1
20.3
73.7
117,244
92,076
56,008
20,565
4,339
9.8
5,050
Hamilton
County
......................................................
TN
228,346
14,804
86,850
126,692
100.0
6.5
38.0
55.5
229,175
217,862
141,069
3,760
5,828
15.8
5,102
Knox
County
............................................................
TN
281,576
21,486
106,902
153,188
100.0
7.6
38.0
54.4
333,350
274,812
174,819
49,951
6,484
14.4
5,372
Memphis
City
...........................................................
TN
661,871
69,954
261,762
330,155
100.0
10.6
39.5
49.9
660,359
594,988
374,696
59,012
2,655
22.7
5,349
Montgomery
County
................................................
TN
106,065
7,814
57,337
40,914
100.0
7.4
54.1
38.6
128,710
97,724
61,432
25,856
4,719
15.4
4,506
Nashville­
Davidson
..................................................
TN
436,358
37,380
135,430
263,548
100.0
8.6
31.0
60.4
466,140
428,749
274,169
24,548
10,879
15.8
6,346
Rutherford
County
...................................................
TN
115,113
6,193
59,777
49,143
100.0
5.4
51.9
42.7
132,845
105,944
72,435
25,010
1,614
7.6
4,931
Shelby
County
.........................................................
TN
223,726
9,677
107,513
106,536
100.0
4.3
48.1
47.6
246,131
204,864
139,329
35,106
6,129
4.6
4,463
Sumner
County
School
District
...............................
TN
104,616
6,659
57,280
40,677
100.0
6.4
54.8
38.9
102,790
99,562
65,690
1,305
1,340
10.5
4,541
Williamson
County
...................................................
TN
92,720
2,782
41,758
48,180
100.0
3.0
45.0
52.0
96,797
85,336
55,436
6,137
4,695
4.7
4,993
Abilene
ISD
..............................................................
TX
117,629
11,779
68,072
37,778
100.0
10.0
57.9
32.1
116,212
107,732
70,376
6,412
974
23.0
5,523
Aldine
ISD
................................................................
TX
310,671
25,191
175,107
110,373
100.0
8.1
56.4
35.5
334,694
266,555
165,285
58,374
9,538
22.4
5,486
Alief
ISD
...................................................................
TX
233,300
12,766
123,901
96,633
100.0
5.5
53.1
41.4
245,075
193,412
123,336
36,828
12,443
13.3
4,894
Amarillo
ISD
.............................................................
TX
158,255
12,692
75,650
69,913
100.0
8.0
47.8
44.2
172,290
143,830
91,818
21,867
5,650
21.4
4,911
Arlington
ISD
............................................................
TX
288,807
12,982
80,012
195,813
100.0
4.5
27.7
67.8
337,930
255,269
160,950
63,977
17,517
9.8
4,676
Austin
ISD
................................................................
TX
475,457
33,029
53,858
388,570
100.0
6.9
11.3
81.7
517,017
399,490
239,291
86,091
26,474
18.4
5,215
Beaumont
ISD
.........................................................
TX
133,276
14,378
28,949
89,949
100.0
10.8
21.7
67.5
151,548
118,713
71,931
27,454
3,002
25.9
5,831
Birdville
ISD
.............................................................
TX
121,682
5,034
49,074
67,574
100.0
4.1
40.3
55.5
153,300
101,805
65,012
43,158
8,251
8.9
4,908
Brownsville
ISD
........................................................
TX
263,285
36,630
189,597
37,058
100.0
13.9
72.0
14.1
258,809
231,317
144,775
22,996
2,349
45.8
5,736
Carrollton­
Farmers
Branch
ISD
...............................
TX
163,390
4,088
12,202
147,100
100.0
2.5
7.5
90.0
209,115
120,591
71,048
59,611
7,633
7.2
5,539
Clear
Creek
ISD
......................................................
TX
152,553
3,460
28,726
120,367
100.0
2.3
18.8
78.9
158,591
130,679
82,628
18,892
8,779
5.2
4,634
Conroe
ISD
..............................................................
TX
182,085
7,334
69,052
105,699
100.0
4.0
37.9
58.0
188,593
155,008
95,107
17,054
15,707
12.7
5,029
Corpus
Christi
ISD
...................................................
TX
246,801
22,553
123,371
100,877
100.0
9.1
50.0
40.9
263,926
216,923
133,370
36,656
7,717
28.2
5,294
Cypress­
Fairbanks
ISD
............................................
TX
324,687
9,026
111,947
203,714
100.0
2.8
34.5
62.7
331,010
283,871
174,376
24,811
21,083
4.9
5,106
Dallas
ISD
................................................................
TX
940,014
95,848
211,537
632,629
100.0
10.2
22.5
67.3
923,191
836,853
502,762
50,508
22,618
30.0
5,309
Ector
County
ISD
.....................................................
TX
155,802
13,218
84,046
58,538
100.0
8.5
53.9
37.6
158,563
136,519
78,382
20,537
1,300
24.7
4,778
Edinburg
ISD
...........................................................
TX
128,989
14,412
83,141
31,436
100.0
11.2
64.5
24.4
130,731
109,043
67,975
18,092
2,666
39.3
5,574
El
Paso
ISD
.............................................................
TX
370,896
38,186
196,409
136,301
100.0
10.3
53.0
36.7
380,006
339,147
211,273
28,255
10,857
36.2
5,307
Fort
Bend
ISD
..........................................................
TX
278,475
8,589
124,293
145,593
100.0
3.1
44.6
52.3
317,491
239,690
143,590
63,852
12,860
6.8
4,882
Fort
Worth
ISD
.........................................................
TX
454,267
45,227
219,800
189,240
100.0
10.0
48.4
41.7
454,860
410,844
238,878
34,968
3,646
28.4
5,343
Galena
Park
ISD
......................................................
TX
103,781
6,975
50,162
46,644
100.0
6.7
48.3
44.9
96,666
88,823
52,222
3,708
3,300
17.0
4,988
Garland
ISD
.............................................................
TX
260,122
10,724
124,551
124,847
100.0
4.1
47.9
48.0
261,898
209,745
131,424
33,024
17,790
9.8
4,498
116
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Goose
Creek
ISD
....................................................
TX
127,552
7,319
21,837
98,396
100.0
5.7
17.1
77.1
115,947
98,421
57,933
9,659
7,084
18.1
5,458
Grand
Prairie
ISD
....................................................
TX
110,037
5,604
63,104
41,329
100.0
5.1
57.3
37.6
114,797
95,144
58,499
12,822
6,217
13.5
5,058
Harlingen
Cons
ISD
.................................................
TX
96,589
9,966
61,606
25,017
100.0
10.3
63.8
25.9
94,811
81,296
51,025
11,988
553
31.9
5,103
Houston
ISD
............................................................
TX
1,197,041
123,456
396,889
676,696
100.0
10.3
33.2
56.5
1,231,086
1,126,760
659,676
78,843
16,212
30.6
5,340
Humble
ISD
.............................................................
TX
138,865
3,733
57,114
78,018
100.0
2.7
41.1
56.2
161,628
118,687
70,580
34,578
7,826
4.0
5,118
Hurst­
Euless­
Bedford
ISD
.......................................
TX
114,397
3,876
20,382
90,139
100.0
3.4
17.8
78.8
115,440
96,768
62,024
9,632
8,948
7.8
4,982
Irving
ISD
.................................................................
TX
164,260
8,346
43,731
112,183
100.0
5.1
26.6
68.3
159,487
138,131
87,361
17,259
3,986
13.7
5,083
Judson
ISD
..............................................................
TX
95,078
5,822
50,481
38,775
100.0
6.1
53.1
40.8
98,735
83,018
51,915
8,023
7,437
9.4
5,245
Katy
ISD
...................................................................
TX
172,134
3,412
60,545
108,177
100.0
2.0
35.2
62.8
198,407
129,622
79,769
56,031
12,370
4.9
4,592
Keller
ISD
.................................................................
TX
72,906
1,274
31,340
40,292
100.0
1.7
43.0
55.3
86,734
55,403
33,731
23,580
7,706
3.3
4,047
Killeen
ISD
...............................................................
TX
187,899
42,820
106,494
38,585
100.0
22.8
56.7
20.5
177,868
144,953
87,977
30,260
1,705
19.2
5,046
Klein
ISD
..................................................................
TX
183,894
6,781
89,582
87,531
100.0
3.7
48.7
47.6
179,123
157,982
97,452
9,009
11,271
4.4
5,154
La
Joya
ISD
.............................................................
TX
103,349
12,747
76,191
14,411
100.0
12.3
73.7
13.9
91,821
79,502
47,769
10,120
856
52.5
5,315
Laredo
ISD
...............................................................
TX
137,069
17,612
96,452
23,005
100.0
12.8
70.4
16.8
139,375
124,920
75,680
12,594
996
46.4
5,515
Lewisville
ISD
..........................................................
TX
186,504
4,713
54,689
127,102
100.0
2.5
29.3
68.1
237,052
161,376
103,988
55,342
19,114
3.9
4,947
Lubbock
ISD
............................................................
TX
185,597
16,418
85,138
84,041
100.0
8.8
45.9
45.3
183,138
166,548
103,646
10,668
3,573
26.0
5,531
McAllen
ISD
.............................................................
TX
135,382
15,368
72,324
47,690
100.0
11.4
53.4
35.2
129,857
122,673
74,015
3,494
1,032
34.6
5,715
Mesquite
ISD
...........................................................
TX
172,963
6,392
94,745
71,826
100.0
3.7
54.8
41.5
191,653
135,214
79,693
39,955
16,324
10.0
4,399
Midland
ISD
.............................................................
TX
127,841
9,957
56,175
61,709
100.0
7.8
43.9
48.3
130,414
112,435
68,720
14,422
2,841
20.1
4,828
North
East
ISD
.........................................................
TX
289,969
15,344
78,506
196,119
100.0
5.3
27.1
67.6
365,120
264,065
166,424
85,908
13,523
9.9
5,673
Northside
ISD
..........................................................
TX
356,115
21,070
153,439
181,606
100.0
5.9
43.1
51.0
395,185
320,797
201,737
58,502
13,234
12.1
5,339
Pasadena
ISD
..........................................................
TX
227,791
15,643
121,562
90,586
100.0
6.9
53.4
39.8
265,397
201,604
121,573
59,622
3,567
15.4
4,930
Pharr­
San
Juan­
Alamo
ISD
.....................................
TX
146,474
19,229
102,030
25,215
100.0
13.1
69.7
17.2
133,945
118,620
73,227
11,107
2,637
43.2
5,748
Plano
ISD
.................................................................
TX
319,227
5,467
25,202
288,558
100.0
1.7
7.9
90.4
370,119
242,122
154,710
89,359
20,604
3.4
5,589
Richardson
ISD
........................................................
TX
244,558
6,329
19,024
219,205
100.0
2.6
7.8
89.6
267,443
189,810
114,986
60,222
7,520
7.6
5,565
Round
Rock
ISD
......................................................
TX
167,086
4,714
41,225
121,147
100.0
2.8
24.7
72.5
189,147
133,572
84,704
44,086
10,653
5.8
4,916
San
Angelo
ISD
.......................................................
TX
96,460
7,111
52,416
36,933
100.0
7.4
54.3
38.3
103,342
85,754
54,109
14,843
2,319
24.1
4,974
San
Antonio
ISD
......................................................
TX
430,354
55,645
248,306
126,403
100.0
12.9
57.7
29.4
417,867
370,499
225,164
29,194
11,336
39.7
6,063
Socorro
ISD
.............................................................
TX
127,517
10,635
87,770
29,112
100.0
8.3
68.8
22.8
126,261
114,796
68,907
4,403
5,959
33.0
5,206
Spring
Branch
ISD
...................................................
TX
202,676
13,338
33,536
155,802
100.0
6.6
16.5
76.9
215,499
172,483
103,478
31,507
11,017
18.6
5,586
Spring
ISD
...............................................................
TX
132,008
5,065
57,965
68,978
100.0
3.8
43.9
52.3
128,298
114,266
71,439
7,280
6,007
7.5
5,306
Tyler
ISD
..................................................................
TX
93,664
9,980
32,108
51,576
100.0
10.7
34.3
55.1
98,333
84,170
51,180
11,519
2,228
22.5
5,065
United
ISD
...............................................................
TX
127,552
10,759
71,940
44,853
100.0
8.4
56.4
35.2
127,245
110,481
65,088
9,824
6,035
27.8
4,846
Waco
ISD
.................................................................
TX
95,286
11,157
50,883
33,246
100.0
11.7
53.4
34.9
87,819
78,669
46,145
6,244
1,083
36.8
4,878
Wichita
Falls
ISD
.....................................................
TX
90,986
8,769
40,562
41,655
100.0
9.6
44.6
45.8
91,932
83,247
52,081
6,825
1,760
23.8
5,358
Ysleta
ISD
................................................................
TX
283,622
29,891
187,677
66,054
100.0
10.5
66.2
23.3
282,769
249,147
154,683
28,157
3,053
29.0
5,232
Alpine
.......................................................................
UT
187,962
10,357
132,667
44,938
100.0
5.5
70.6
23.9
194,401
159,955
109,493
24,121
7,624
7.3
3,579
Davis
........................................................................
UT
271,358
17,879
176,583
76,896
100.0
6.6
65.1
28.3
270,606
221,856
143,324
35,331
8,018
6.7
3,746
Granite
.....................................................................
UT
329,067
26,281
202,389
100,397
100.0
8.0
61.5
30.5
325,110
285,511
188,723
31,262
0
10.2
3,809
Jordan
......................................................................
UT
328,401
16,976
201,814
109,611
100.0
5.2
61.5
33.4
368,897
266,602
178,466
86,352
8,825
6.0
3,643
Nebo
........................................................................
UT
83,411
4,930
56,532
21,949
100.0
5.9
67.8
26.3
91,388
69,274
44,354
16,081
4,577
11.1
3,538
Salt
Lake
City
..........................................................
UT
155,668
16,761
65,904
73,003
100.0
10.8
42.3
46.9
145,218
116,454
77,513
14,272
1,900
16.7
4,470
Washington
..............................................................
UT
82,815
4,577
49,690
28,548
100.0
5.5
60.0
34.5
89,341
67,058
44,826
16,470
4,755
14.6
3,643
Weber
......................................................................
UT
124,738
5,743
84,914
34,081
100.0
4.6
68.1
27.3
124,703
107,537
72,166
9,217
7,196
7.7
3,823
Arlington
County
......................................................
VA
204,248
6,104
16,057
182,087
100.0
3.0
7.9
89.1
203,385
173,392
93,810
11,268
4,898
15.5
9,691
Chesapeake
City
.....................................................
VA
211,896
10,380
83,955
117,561
100.0
4.9
39.6
55.5
246,025
201,835
127,812
27,682
11,003
13.2
5,551
Chesterfield
County
.................................................
VA
295,266
9,598
102,907
182,761
100.0
3.3
34.9
61.9
289,627
256,459
161,579
18,608
11,029
8.2
5,111
Fairfax
County
.........................................................
VA
1,249,778
35,995
150,438
1,063,345
100.0
2.9
12.0
85.1
1,259,058
1,099,311
663,521
105,188
31,973
7.0
7,544
Hampton
City
...........................................................
VA
136,569
8,514
58,478
69,577
100.0
6.2
42.8
50.9
136,545
125,956
79,329
6,297
1,987
20.3
5,323
Hanover
County
.......................................................
VA
88,820
2,725
28,060
58,035
100.0
3.1
31.6
65.3
89,399
73,678
48,489
13,542
594
6.4
4,831
Henrico
County
........................................................
VA
236,682
8,953
68,835
158,894
100.0
3.8
29.1
67.1
254,273
217,574
132,456
26,671
6,374
11.3
5,568
Loudoun
County
......................................................
VA
213,494
3,617
24,069
185,808
100.0
1.7
11.3
87.0
221,547
155,586
98,348
56,943
6,249
5.3
6,588
Newport
News
City
..................................................
VA
197,055
16,395
82,151
98,509
100.0
8.3
41.7
50.0
195,869
175,990
110,958
8,271
5,288
23.8
5,301
Norfolk
City
..............................................................
VA
245,283
27,791
103,913
113,579
100.0
11.3
42.4
46.3
252,926
214,305
127,803
22,543
3,974
32.7
5,638
Portsmouth
City
.......................................................
VA
112,274
13,957
59,035
39,282
100.0
12.4
52.6
35.0
113,748
99,416
60,404
9,554
941
29.5
5,621
Prince
William
County
.............................................
VA
344,945
10,719
113,878
220,348
100.0
3.1
33.0
63.9
344,988
302,347
182,831
33,150
7,304
7.8
6,058
Richmond
City
.........................................................
VA
249,789
23,929
67,126
158,734
100.0
9.6
26.9
63.5
243,741
209,796
118,201
22,003
199
36.6
7,550
Spotsylvania
County
................................................
VA
104,461
2,425
37,569
64,467
100.0
2.3
36.0
61.7
128,967
87,726
55,580
33,601
6,440
8.9
5,314
Stafford
County
........................................................
VA
113,372
4,160
40,567
68,645
100.0
3.7
35.8
60.5
122,059
95,678
60,396
20,002
5,349
7.2
5,286
Virginia
Beach
City
..................................................
VA
480,662
28,660
182,487
269,515
100.0
6.0
38.0
56.1
455,879
398,578
260,188
39,349
12,476
12.2
5,142
117
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
93.
 
Revenues
and
expenditures
of
public
school
districts
enrolling
more
than
15,000
students,
by
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
state
State
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,

in
thousands
Percentage
distribution
of
revenues
Expenditures,

in
thousands
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­

yearolds

1996
 
97
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
Federal
State
Local
Total
2
Current
expenditures
Capital
outlay
Interest
on
school
debt
Total
Instruction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Bellevue
...................................................................
WA
127,493
3,489
64,641
59,363
100.0
2.7
50.7
46.6
116,924
96,354
55,744
18,021
859
8.0
6,240
Bethel
.......................................................................
WA
91,187
4,042
66,037
21,108
100.0
4.4
72.4
23.1
90,646
84,475
48,334
3,670
2,111
11.2
5,565
Edmonds
..................................................................
WA
143,243
6,537
91,920
44,786
100.0
4.6
64.2
31.3
183,541
123,137
73,460
50,340
9,117
8.4
5,624
Everett
......................................................................
WA
132,904
4,863
80,825
47,216
100.0
3.7
60.8
35.5
143,780
106,066
63,000
27,219
8,961
12.3
5,816
Evergreen
(
Clark)
....................................................
WA
127,082
4,448
89,092
33,542
100.0
3.5
70.1
26.4
134,900
110,980
66,616
18,428
4,895
8.6
5,745
Federal
Way
............................................................
WA
130,520
4,683
89,514
36,323
100.0
3.6
68.6
27.8
134,604
117,609
73,910
11,704
4,731
8.2
5,480
Highline
....................................................................
WA
117,226
6,660
80,719
29,847
100.0
5.7
68.9
25.5
116,260
108,150
64,813
5,105
2,394
15.8
5,800
Kent
..........................................................................
WA
174,236
6,755
108,009
59,472
100.0
3.9
62.0
34.1
197,290
146,790
88,416
39,064
11,014
9.6
5,700
Lake
Washington
.....................................................
WA
168,357
4,186
102,014
62,157
100.0
2.5
60.6
36.9
175,534
137,954
85,070
28,560
7,420
5.6
5,559
Northshore
...............................................................
WA
147,197
3,378
87,802
56,017
100.0
2.3
59.6
38.1
162,879
119,517
74,308
32,801
10,079
3.7
6,014
Puyallup
...................................................................
WA
128,527
3,049
83,879
41,599
100.0
2.4
65.3
32.4
132,342
105,416
63,499
18,212
8,211
6.2
5,482
Seattle
......................................................................
WA
403,252
30,939
215,008
157,305
100.0
7.7
53.3
39.0
411,155
328,717
183,566
79,944
57
19.0
6,865
Spokane
...................................................................
WA
210,375
15,334
143,250
51,791
100.0
7.3
68.1
24.6
210,456
193,718
119,403
8,585
3,483
18.8
5,940
Tacoma
....................................................................
WA
253,608
23,540
153,808
76,260
100.0
9.3
60.6
30.1
247,900
214,160
126,995
33,014
659
20.7
6,539
Vancouver
................................................................
WA
163,916
9,376
112,977
41,563
100.0
5.7
68.9
25.4
195,976
124,474
74,194
61,827
9,195
16.5
5,856
Kanawha
County
.....................................................
WV
218,476
17,311
115,637
85,528
100.0
7.9
52.9
39.1
218,909
193,568
121,670
16,568
474
19.3
6,151
Green
Bay
Area
.......................................................
WI
158,306
8,732
83,066
66,508
100.0
5.5
52.5
42.0
166,170
139,609
93,432
21,505
4,438
12.4
7,001
Kenosha
...................................................................
WI
144,850
8,047
86,671
50,132
100.0
5.6
59.8
34.6
152,185
128,745
80,456
18,320
4,609
14.2
6,612
Madison
Metropolitan
..............................................
WI
237,008
8,515
59,233
169,260
100.0
3.6
25.0
71.4
231,144
215,121
137,518
8,994
3,810
14.5
8,494
Milwaukee
................................................................
WI
872,681
98,438
568,280
205,963
100.0
11.3
65.1
23.6
871,670
816,782
509,228
36,582
0
32.0
8,067
Racine
......................................................................
WI
166,516
8,553
104,879
53,084
100.0
5.1
63.0
31.9
170,697
160,116
104,419
7,468
2,642
14.6
7,284
 
Not
applicable.

ISD=
Independent
school
district.

1
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
based
on
fall
enrollment
collected
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census.

2
Includes
other
expenditures
not
shown
separately.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;

and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
``
Survey
of
Local
Government
Finances.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
118
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
94.
 
Enrollment,
poverty,
and
federal
funds
for
the
100
largest
school
districts:
1996
 
97,
1997
 
98,
1999,
and
2001
 
02
Name
of
district,
by
enrollment
size
State
Rank
order
Enrollment
fall
1999
5­
to
17­

year­
old
population

1996
 
97
5­
to
17­

year­
old
population
below
the
poverty
level,

1996
 
97
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­
yearolds

1996
 
97
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,
in
thousands,
1997
 
98
Federal
revenue
per
student

1997
 
98
Revenue
for
selected
federal
programs,
in
thousands,
1997
 
98
Title
I
allocations
for
2001
 
02,
in
thousands
Total
Federal
Federal
as
a
percent
of
total
Title
I,

basic
and
concentration
grants
School
lunch
Bilingual
Indian
education
Vocational
education
Drugfree
schools
Eisenhower

math
and
science
Special
education
Basic
grants
Concentration
grants
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
New
York
City
.............................
NY
1
1,075,710
1,275,929
445,262
34.9
$
9,155,552
$
870,540
9.5
$
812
$
438,445
$
233,657
$
15,427
$
70
$
13,578
$
14,595
$
9,819
$
64,113
$
397,541
$
85,259
Los
Angeles
Unified
....................
CA
2
710,007
811,090
292,190
36.0
4,923,865
454,279
9.2
668
163,730
167,675
0
0
11,075
7,979
3,904
40,504
178,088
40,083
City
of
Chicago
............................
IL
3
431,750
535,775
163,842
30.6
3,083,835
412,494
13.4
963
170,355
124,420
717
77
8,175
4,861
4,413
21,965
137,865
28,867
Dade
County
...............................
FL
4
360,136
385,820
100,532
26.1
2,557,027
202,952
7.9
587
72,154
73,502
1,272
0
6,081
2,356
1,608
11,135
65,297
13,909
Broward
County
...........................
FL
5
241,094
248,170
39,377
15.9
1,552,136
99,409
6.4
442
27,292
31,321
0
10
1,798
2,528
975
11,775
24,342
5,479
Clark
County
................................
NV
6
217,526
218,823
31,014
14.2
1,223,364
54,219
4.4
284
15,405
17,317
131
121
2,818
1,335
765
8,278
18,009
4,053
Houston
ISD
................................
TX
7
209,716
226,630
69,402
30.6
1,197,041
123,456
10.3
585
52,797
47,947
1,333
0
2,521
2,346
1,381
7,256
50,084
10,559
Philadelphia
City
..........................
PA
8
205,199
266,361
76,151
28.6
1,554,208
182,186
11.7
856
81,995
44,346
809
0
5,094
922
453
0
72,080
16,345
Hawaii
Department
of
Education
HI
9
185,860
212,243
30,863
14.5
1,279,125
107,149
8.4
564
20,255
29,347
537
0
5,127
2,055
996
8,265
21,040
4,242
Detroit
City
...................................
MI
10
167,124
216,399
85,871
39.7
1,420,219
147,128
10.4
842
94,575
30,522
150
227
4,015
1,875
1,244
6,533
77,828
19,265
Dallas
ISD
...................................
TX
11
160,477
163,432
48,995
30.0
940,014
95,848
10.2
608
32,647
38,439
256
88
1,817
1,383
893
4,292
30,070
8,784
Hillsborough
County
....................
FL
12
159,517
174,462
34,417
19.7
1,056,290
96,580
9.1
632
24,997
27,308
303
0
2,288
1,205
852
9,255
21,534
4,847
Fairfax
County
.............................
VA
13
152,952
162,501
11,309
7.0
1,249,778
35,995
2.9
247
5,809
1,897
144
0
1,106
544
292
9,207
6,717
1,512
Palm
Beach
County
....................
FL
14
149,665
155,443
26,462
17.0
1,079,586
77,197
7.2
541
18,148
20,491
848
0
1,437
0
686
7,698
16,277
3,663
Orange
County
............................
FL
15
144,231
150,361
26,484
17.6
882,431
48,450
5.5
362
14,208
17,850
97
0
2,073
1,098
513
7,953
16,456
3,704
San
Diego
City
Unified
................
CA
16
140,743
166,223
46,587
28.0
982,542
78,081
7.9
573
27,868
23,003
0
0
1,066
1,572
678
7,268
28,215
6,350
Prince
George's
County
..............
MD
17
131,059
142,005
18,043
12.7
968,392
46,371
4.8
361
10,859
19,467
0
37
835
622
423
6,300
13,891
3,127
Montgomery
County
....................
MD
18
130,720
145,823
11,964
8.2
1,239,055
35,368
2.9
283
7,402
11,645
79
13
660
545
470
7,027
9,255
2,083
Duval
County
...............................
FL
19
126,362
147,648
26,006
17.6
763,122
57,096
7.5
450
18,812
18,469
0
0
1,307
407
928
10,079
16,493
3,631
Memphis
City
...............................
TN
20
112,819
130,211
29,602
22.7
661,871
69,954
10.6
629
25,605
24,467
0
0
2,551
635
724
6,320
22,405
4,689
Pinellas
County
...........................
FL
21
111,793
127,586
22,245
17.4
734,162
44,368
6.0
406
13,217
15,174
0
0
1,471
731
449
9,643
13,724
3,089
Baltimore
County
.........................
MD
22
106,465
117,752
12,983
11.0
825,062
37,622
4.6
359
9,871
8,711
0
0
796
476
437
7,000
10,265
2,310
Gwinnett
County
..........................
GA
23
104,552
97,611
7,444
7.6
658,850
15,163
2.3
162
2,577
5,884
148
0
360
428
224
4,119
4,796
1,079
Baltimore
City
..............................
MD
24
103,000
118,325
37,609
31.8
823,135
98,481
12.0
917
40,383
22,793
0
65
2,893
1,265
901
8,359
33,884
7,028
Charlotte­
Mecklenburg
................
NC
25
100,553
113,093
14,763
13.1
625,438
34,181
5.5
357
8,670
15,136
84
50
977
705
269
3,763
8,917
2,007
Milwaukee
....................................
WI
26
99,729
118,228
37,888
32.0
872,681
98,438
11.3
972
48,546
20,331
162
222
1,750
1,152
1,039
8,655
39,092
7,472
Jefferson
County
.........................
KY
27
97,053
111,400
18,950
17.0
662,998
62,798
9.5
629
17,892
17,896
0
0
1,019
1,255
565
6,516
14,553
2,845
De
Kalb
County
...........................
GA
28
95,283
91,287
14,396
15.8
638,780
30,834
4.8
336
8,397
17,298
0
0
468
838
30
3,758
9,244
2,081
Wake
County
...............................
NC
29
95,248
98,431
9,971
10.1
539,242
22,624
4.2
252
4,757
7,556
147
0
690
424
195
5,452
6,000
1,350
Cobb
County
...............................
GA
30
93,657
92,335
7,439
8.1
585,362
16,216
2.8
184
3,229
5,383
0
0
323
415
225
4,808
4,833
1,088
Long
Beach
Unified
.....................
CA
31
91,465
87,307
29,085
33.3
550,591
64,707
11.8
753
25,194
18,403
0
0
1,050
935
536
3,899
20,268
4,763
Jefferson
County
.........................
CO
32
88,579
94,139
6,282
6.7
549,776
15,338
2.8
174
4,404
4,137
345
45
488
414
245
3,624
4,145
933
Albuquerque
................................
NM
33
85,381
97,576
18,949
19.4
487,210
36,018
7.4
413
14,189
9,791
227
806
15
959
446
4,784
11,954
2,361
Orleans
Parish
School
Board
......
LA
34
80,526
89,065
31,904
35.8
467,735
67,919
14.5
817
30,409
23,765
480
0
575
1,067
807
2,532
25,407
4,862
Fresno
Unified
.............................
CA
35
78,766
86,919
37,699
43.4
489,507
59,951
12.2
767
24,416
18,341
0
0
1,242
866
586
4,778
23,037
5,185
Polk
County
.................................
FL
36
78,685
85,605
19,194
22.4
466,587
38,452
8.2
503
12,619
15,421
0
0
1,076
524
540
4,154
11,823
2,661
Fort
Worth
ISD
............................
TX
37
78,654
87,916
24,927
28.4
454,267
45,227
10.0
588
15,333
14,642
0
18
827
882
374
3,897
14,807
4,086
Austin
ISD
...................................
TX
38
77,723
87,730
16,176
18.4
475,457
33,029
6.9
431
10,422
12,556
16
10
644
962
309
3,970
9,786
2,181
Virginia
Beach
City
......................
VA
39
77,363
85,065
10,343
12.2
480,662
28,660
6.0
370
4,123
6,589
0
0
704
322
160
3,861
6,152
1,385
Cleveland
City
.............................
OH
40
76,559
92,596
34,371
37.1
657,834
64,503
9.8
843
36,285
15,317
0
0
2,615
678
636
3,052
28,247
6,977
Anne
Arundel
County
..................
MD
41
74,663
89,157
7,803
8.8
528,757
18,958
3.6
258
4,817
4,140
0
0
441
283
207
4,805
5,940
1,337
Jordan
..........................................
UT
42
73,111
73,233
4,404
6.0
328,401
16,976
5.2
232
2,862
4,747
0
34
1,206
283
0
3,091
2,466
447
Granite
.........................................
UT
43
72,170
82,178
8,407
10.2
329,067
26,281
8.0
351
4,714
6,905
180
86
1,136
480
0
3,734
4,812
2,248
Mesa
Unified
...............................
AZ
44
71,894
92,114
12,034
13.1
387,000
23,080
6.0
331
9,041
6,779
0
281
579
412
249
2,625
6,707
1,509
District
of
Columbia
.....................
DC
45
70,762
69,519
23,031
33.1
706,938
116,366
16.5
1,509
24,058
22,621
599
252
3,701
1,916
1,042
3,513
21,341
4,763
Nashville­
Davidson
......................
TN
46
70,176
83,853
13,263
15.8
436,358
37,380
8.6
553
11,616
11,445
0
0
1,550
452
367
6,455
9,730
2,011
Denver
County
............................
CO
47
69,693
80,289
19,938
24.8
449,616
39,100
8.7
576
14,867
11,482
428
94
1,046
905
403
4,302
12,641
2,866
Brevard
County
...........................
FL
48
69,661
76,782
12,307
16.0
411,105
23,442
5.7
345
6,899
6,697
0
0
376
338
257
5,108
7,638
1,719
Fulton
County
..............................
GA
49
67,025
58,436
6,490
11.1
549,589
15,594
2.8
248
3,941
7,645
0
0
344
298
208
2,876
4,329
966
Columbus
City
.............................
OH
50
65,490
81,941
22,055
26.9
534,115
49,335
9.2
760
20,582
13,004
0
3
1,955
1,040
451
2,919
16,675
4,119
Mobile
County
.............................
AL
51
65,067
77,268
20,601
26.7
330,778
38,822
11.7
595
16,393
12,775
176
49
228
868
384
4,425
13,239
2,698
Boston
.........................................
MA
52
62,950
86,074
30,552
35.5
686,956
42,659
6.2
669
23,802
9,636
37
0
16
899
585
5,897
25,393
5,715
Tucson
Unified
............................
AZ
53
62,548
80,719
18,255
22.6
358,366
37,275
10.4
597
14,513
10,877
428
313
1,157
520
353
3,061
10,224
2,301
Northside
ISD
..............................
TX
54
62,536
60,709
7,364
12.1
356,115
21,070
5.9
351
5,821
7,966
0
0
447
702
207
3,003
4,747
1,029
Guilford
County
...........................
NC
55
62,486
65,271
9,635
14.8
386,221
22,430
5.8
374
5,544
9,431
0
0
700
180
158
4,551
5,739
1,292
El
Paso
ISD
.................................
TX
56
62,306
74,058
26,807
36.2
370,896
38,186
10.3
598
15,438
12,365
0
0
901
555
210
1,786
16,381
3,546
San
Francisco
Unified
.................
CA
57
60,896
91,577
19,836
21.7
453,242
30,030
6.6
492
11,647
9,707
0
0
530
901
387
0
12,387
2,788
Volusia
County
............................
FL
58
60,688
65,979
13,201
20.0
377,724
23,565
6.2
397
8,267
7,834
0
0
633
323
269
3,559
8,174
1,840
Cypress­
Fairbanks
ISD
...............
TX
59
60,370
47,482
2,323
4.9
324,687
9,026
2.8
162
1,360
3,533
203
0
239
296
156
2,683
1,717
0
Davis
............................................
UT
60
59,486
61,000
4,067
6.7
271,358
17,879
6.6
302
2,279
5,051
98
19
1,127
228
169
2,941
2,231
0
119
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
AND
SCHOOL
DISTRICTS
Table
94.
 
Enrollment,
poverty,
and
federal
funds
for
the
100
largest
school
districts:
1996
 
97,
1997
 
98,
1999,
and
2001
 
02
 
Continued
Name
of
district,
by
enrollment
size
State
Rank
order
Enrollment
fall
1999
5­
to
17­

year­
old
population

1996
 
97
5­
to
17­

year­
old
population
below
the
poverty
level,

1996
 
97
Poverty
rate
of
5­
to
17­
yearolds

1996
 
97
Revenues
by
source
of
funds,
in
thousands,
1997
 
98
Federal
revenue
per
student

1997
 
98
Revenue
for
selected
federal
programs,
in
thousands,
1997
 
98
Title
I
allocations
for
2001
 
02,
in
thousands
Total
Federal
Federal
as
a
percent
of
total
Title
I,

basic
and
concentration
grants
School
lunch
Bilingual
Indian
education
Vocational
education
Drugfree
schools
Eisenhower

math
and
science
Special
education
Basic
grants
Concentration
grants
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Atlanta
City
..................................
GA
61
59,429
75,287
31,891
42.4
585,318
45,122
7.7
752
23,751
15,434
0
0
1,007
795
472
2,193
20,824
4,687
Seminole
County
.........................
FL
62
59,326
70,739
9,129
12.9
345,773
13,350
3.9
235
3,898
4,725
0
0
327
256
188
2,645
5,622
1,265
Greenville
County
........................
SC
63
59,176
62,743
9,359
14.9
337,977
20,595
6.1
362
5,396
6,815
0
0
983
334
218
3,622
5,406
1,217
Santa
Ana
Unified
.......................
CA
64
58,043
58,821
18,853
32.1
354,515
28,968
8.2
538
7,251
12,018
0
0
472
609
214
2,971
11,203
2,522
San
Antonio
ISD
..........................
TX
65
57,565
72,646
28,858
39.7
430,354
55,645
12.9
911
22,037
20,184
259
0
1,126
699
524
3,363
18,126
3,910
Arlington
ISD
...............................
TX
66
56,773
56,664
5,543
9.8
288,807
12,982
4.5
238
2,669
5,709
0
0
241
262
176
1,755
3,283
2
Lee
County
..................................
FL
67
56,109
59,545
10,894
18.3
379,424
26,256
6.9
488
6,317
8,040
0
0
692
227
205
3,204
6,694
1,507
East
Baton
Rouge
Parish
School
Board
.......................................
LA
68
55,652
74,451
15,557
20.9
324,916
32,839
10.1
564
11,887
12,629
0
0
1,093
458
415
2,941
10,383
1,993
Oakland
Unified
...........................
CA
69
55,051
74,981
26,387
35.2
417,271
35,671
8.5
666
14,398
12,977
0
0
954
655
383
3,093
16,292
3,667
Washoe
County
...........................
NV
70
54,508
55,244
7,035
12.7
299,192
11,776
3.9
230
2,984
3,999
0
146
769
335
139
2,143
4,089
920
Portland
.......................................
OR
71
53,587
65,954
11,544
17.5
440,921
32,193
7.3
582
12,540
7,719
0
179
0
348
147
3,528
8,941
2,012
Knox
County
................................
TN
72
52,840
59,204
8,531
14.4
281,576
21,486
7.6
420
5,227
5,547
0
0
550
290
241
2,448
5,415
1,216
Fort
Bend
ISD
.............................
TX
73
52,704
54,432
3,675
6.8
278,475
8,589
3.1
175
1,773
2,954
0
0
310
224
125
1,931
2,214
3
Prince
William
County
.................
VA
74
52,551
55,214
4,331
7.8
344,945
10,719
3.1
215
1,245
3,698
0
0
308
166
108
3,171
2,572
0
Sacramento
City
Unified
.............
CA
75
51,898
68,496
26,292
38.4
330,348
34,405
10.4
674
10,969
10,622
0
0
801
611
319
3,257
16,334
3,676
Jefferson
Parish
School
Board
...
LA
76
51,835
83,082
15,558
18.7
338,335
32,908
9.7
605
11,122
12,327
250
33
389
1,727
386
3,600
10,533
2,000
Cumberland
County
....................
NC
77
51,300
52,367
10,744
20.5
293,553
25,743
8.8
505
7,771
10,210
0
74
793
240
236
2,155
6,413
1,443
Aldine
ISD
...................................
TX
78
50,890
46,718
10,471
22.4
310,671
25,191
8.1
518
7,264
11,067
265
0
510
439
315
1,947
7,646
1,607
Chesterfield
County
.....................
VA
79
50,847
54,383
4,467
8.2
295,266
9,598
3.3
191
1,855
2,134
0
0
354
249
103
3,440
2,657
0
San
Bernardino
City
Unified
........
CA
80
50,340
55,328
24,318
44.0
287,304
29,798
10.4
629
11,347
11,521
0
0
352
519
275
2,567
14,720
3,313
Cincinnati
City
.............................
OH
81
49,574
64,264
17,435
27.1
417,615
41,905
10.0
833
19,598
8,573
0
0
1,742
307
331
2,692
15,431
3,553
Anchorage
...................................
AK
82
49,382
54,115
6,420
11.9
360,721
31,550
8.7
645
5,661
4,827
240
867
904
670
341
3,485
5,557
1,259
North
East
ISD
............................
TX
83
49,197
52,217
5,188
9.9
289,969
15,344
5.3
330
3,285
5,722
0
0
318
266
118
3,118
3,285
9
Shelby
County
.............................
TN
84
49,078
38,405
1,761
4.6
223,726
9,677
4.3
211
1,834
2,545
0
0
351
250
139
3,675
1,511
234
Garland
ISD
.................................
TX
85
49,036
45,277
4,448
9.8
260,122
10,724
4.1
230
2,585
4,762
0
0
253
258
125
1,579
2,736
0
Minneapolis
.................................
MN
86
48,688
53,765
16,172
30.1
523,132
33,849
6.5
689
13,169
11,491
839
286
12
425
434
3,158
11,637
3,336
San
Juan
Unified
.........................
CA
87
48,052
63,556
9,175
14.4
338,235
20,232
6.0
423
4,606
5,274
0
0
326
588
192
3,361
6,046
1,361
Garden
Grove
Unified
.................
CA
88
48,031
52,447
11,735
22.4
267,436
23,763
8.9
519
10,432
8,836
0
0
406
495
223
2,249
7,468
5,203
Seattle
.........................................
WA
89
47,989
63,387
12,047
19.0
403,252
30,939
7.7
646
10,383
6,405
0
186
731
573
309
3,048
8,042
3,436
Wichita
.........................................
KS
90
47,778
62,103
10,834
17.4
305,038
32,879
10.8
702
8,245
7,368
0
0
582
322
257
2,892
7,741
1,742
Pasco
County
..............................
FL
91
47,691
49,974
9,971
20.0
286,493
20,988
7.3
469
5,547
7,197
0
0
316
242
160
2,751
6,101
1,373
Ysleta
ISD
...................................
TX
92
46,950
57,899
16,799
29.0
283,622
29,891
10.5
628
10,726
10,880
593
31
580
219
217
1,788
10,282
2,219
Buffalo
City
..................................
NY
93
46,370
55,237
24,964
45.2
468,066
57,981
12.4
1,233
25,702
13,238
767
180
975
634
510
3,471
20,753
4,671
Caddo
Parish
School
Board
........
LA
94
46,222
48,037
12,847
26.7
285,284
29,232
10.2
605
11,844
9,400
0
0
846
326
330
2,439
9,628
1,787
Alpine
...........................................
UT
95
45,842
46,035
3,369
7.3
187,962
10,357
5.5
232
2,553
3,381
35
0
388
169
107
2,177
2,197
412
Saint
Louis
City
...........................
MO
96
45,658
65,046
22,382
34.4
411,087
47,211
11.5
1,021
19,944
13,820
0
0
2,217
14
0
2,829
16,988
3,586
Escambia
County
........................
FL
97
45,297
55,269
12,861
23.3
292,925
28,893
9.9
627
9,278
9,748
0
0
774
0
0
3,415
8,415
1,769
Clayton
County
............................
GA
98
45,266
41,056
8,070
19.7
283,902
16,252
5.7
381
3,235
7,529
0
0
233
201
157
3,427
5,247
1,181
St.
Paul
........................................
MN
99
45,253
46,802
12,051
25.7
404,088
27,644
6.8
612
10,783
10,384
0
149
31
413
351
1,981
8,744
2,187
Plano
ISD
....................................
TX
100
45,133
55,078
1,884
3.4
319,227
5,467
1.7
126
653
1,623
0
0
137
190
93
1,471
1,115
0
ISD=
Independent
school
district.

NOTE:
Federal
revenue
per
student
based
on
fall
enrollment
collected
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;

and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
``
Survey
of
Local
Government
Finances.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
120
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
95.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
of
school:
1967
 
68
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Total,
all
public
schools
Schools
with
reported
grade
spans
Other
schools
6
Total
Elementary
schools
Secondary
schools
Combined
elementary/
secondary
schools
5
Total
1
Middle
schools
2
Oneteacher
schools
Other
elementary
schools
Total
3
Junior
high
4
3­
year
or
4­
year
high
schools
5­
year
or
6­
year
high
schools
Other
secondary
schools
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1967
 
68
............
 
94,197
67,186
 
4,146
63,040
23,318
7,437
10,751
4,650
480
3,693
 
1970
 
71
............
 
89,372
64,020
2,080
1,815
60,125
23,572
7,750
11,265
3,887
670
1,780
 
1972
 
73
............
 
88,864
62,942
2,308
1,475
59,159
23,919
7,878
11,550
3,962
529
2,003
 
1974
 
75
............
 
87,456
61,759
3,224
1,247
57,288
23,837
7,690
11,480
4,122
545
1,860
 
1975
 
76
............
88,597
87,034
61,704
3,916
1,166
56,622
23,792
7,521
11,572
4,113
586
1,538
1,563
1976
 
77
............
 
86,501
61,123
4,180
1,111
55,832
23,857
7,434
11,658
4,130
635
1,521
 
1978
 
79
............
 
84,816
60,312
5,879
1,056
53,377
22,834
6,282
11,410
4,429
713
1,670
 
1980
 
81
............
85,982
83,688
59,326
6,003
921
52,402
22,619
5,890
10,758
4,193
1,778
1,743
2,294
1982
 
83
............
84,740
82,039
58,051
6,875
798
50,378
22,383
5,948
11,678
4,067
690
1,605
2,701
1983
 
84
............
84,178
81,418
57,471
6,885
838
49,748
22,336
5,936
11,670
4,046
684
1,611
2,760
1984
 
85
............
84,007
81,147
57,231
6,893
825
49,513
22,320
5,916
11,671
4,021
712
1,596
2,860
1986
 
87
............
83,455
82,190
58,801
7,452
763
50,586
21,406
5,142
11,453
4,197
614
1,983
7
1,265
1987
 
88
............
83,248
81,416
57,575
7,641
729
49,205
21,662
4,900
11,279
4,048
1,435
2,179
7
1,832
1988
 
89
............
83,165
81,579
57,941
7,957
583
49,401
21,403
4,687
11,350
3,994
1,372
2,235
7
1,586
1989
 
90
............
83,425
81,880
58,419
8,272
630
49,517
21,181
4,512
11,492
3,812
1,365
2,280
7
1,545
1990
 
91
............
84,538
82,475
59,015
8,545
617
49,853
21,135
4,561
11,537
3,723
1,314
2,325
2,063
1991
 
92
............
84,578
82,506
59,258
8,829
569
49,860
20,767
4,298
11,528
3,699
1,242
2,481
2,072
1992
 
93
............
84,497
82,896
59,676
9,152
430
50,094
20,671
4,115
11,651
3,613
1,292
2,549
1,601
1993
 
94
............
85,393
83,431
60,052
9,573
442
50,037
20,705
3,970
11,858
3,595
1,282
2,674
1,962
1994
 
95
............
86,221
84,476
60,808
9,954
458
50,396
20,904
3,859
12,058
3,628
1,359
2,764
1,745
1995
 
96
............
87,125
84,958
61,165
10,205
474
50,486
20,997
3,743
12,168
3,621
1,465
2,796
2,167
1996
 
97
............
88,223
86,092
61,805
10,499
487
50,819
21,307
3,707
12,424
3,614
1,562
2,980
2,131
1997
 
98
............
89,508
87,541
62,739
10,944
476
51,319
21,682
3,599
12,734
3,611
1,738
3,120
1,967
1998
 
99
............
90,874
89,259
63,462
11,202
463
51,797
22,076
3,607
13,457
3,707
1,305
3,721
1,615
1999
 
2000
........
92,012
90,538
64,131
11,521
423
52,187
22,365
3,566
13,914
3,686
1,199
4,042
1,474
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.

2
Includes
schools
with
grade
spans
beginning
with
4,
5,
or
6
and
ending
with
grade
6,
7,
or
8.

3
Includes
schools
with
no
grade
lower
than
7.

4
Includes
schools
with
grades
7
and
8
or
grades
7
through
9.

5
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
lower
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.
6
Includes
special
education,
alternative,
and
other
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.
7
Because
of
revision
in
data
collection
procedures,
figures
not
comparable
to
data
for
other
years.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)

Table
96.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
and
size
of
school:
1999
 
2000
Enrollment
size
of
school
Number
of
schools,
by
type
Enrollment,
by
type
of
school
1
Total
2
Elementary
3
Secondary
4
Combined
elementary
secondary
5
Other
2
Total
2
Elementary
3
Secondary
4
Combined
elementary
secondary
5
Other
2
All
schools
Regular
schools
6
All
schools
Regular
schools
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
...............................................
92,012
64,131
22,365
18,784
4,042
1,474
46,689,373
30,460,283
15,111,648
14,644,266
1,051,609
65,833
Percent
7
.......................................
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Under
100
..........................................
10.44
6.29
15.81
9.15
42.70
66.10
0.91
0.64
1.00
0.62
6.26
20.97
100
to
199
.........................................
9.56
8.72
10.68
9.84
16.78
13.86
2.74
2.77
2.22
1.84
8.64
15.31
200
to
299
.........................................
11.26
12.39
8.25
8.34
9.41
8.80
5.44
6.58
2.89
2.64
8.17
17.23
300
to
399
.........................................
13.27
15.54
7.71
8.20
7.24
5.81
8.90
11.40
3.81
3.65
8.96
16.08
400
to
499
.........................................
13.18
15.93
6.62
7.21
5.36
2.43
11.36
15.01
4.20
4.12
8.52
8.67
500
to
599
.........................................
11.23
13.32
6.38
7.06
4.69
0.94
11.79
15.29
4.96
4.94
9.08
4.05
600
to
699
.........................................
8.44
9.71
5.61
6.22
4.05
0.75
10.48
13.17
5.16
5.13
9.33
4.01
700
to
799
.........................................
6.05
6.61
5.21
5.80
2.14
0.00
8.66
10.35
5.52
5.53
5.65
0.00
800
to
999
.........................................
7.04
6.84
8.43
9.49
3.51
0.75
12.00
12.67
10.73
10.85
11.12
5.28
1,000
to
1,499
...................................
6.03
4.04
12.71
14.37
2.68
0.19
13.83
9.85
22.10
22.46
11.29
2.10
1,500
to
1,999
...................................
2.06
0.51
6.97
7.92
0.72
0.19
6.78
1.78
17.05
17.41
4.39
2.96
2,000
to
2,999
...................................
1.21
0.09
4.69
5.35
0.43
0.19
5.45
0.43
15.70
16.09
3.72
3.36
3,000
or
more
....................................
0.24
0.01
0.92
1.04
0.29
0.00
1.66
0.07
4.65
4.72
4.87
0.00
Average
enrollment
7
.........................
521
477
706
785
282
123
521
477
706
785
282
123
1
These
enrollment
data
should
be
regarded
as
approximations
only.
Totals
differ
from
those
reported
in
other
tables
because
this
table
represents
data
reported
by
schools
rather
than
by
states
or
school
districts.
Percent
distribution
and
average
enrollment
calculations
exclude
data
for
schools
not
reporting
enrollment.
2
Includes
special
education,
alternative,
and
other
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.
3
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.
4
Includes
schools
with
no
grade
lower
than
7.
5
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.

6
Excludes
special
education
schools,
vocational
schools,
and
alternative
schools.

7
Data
are
for
schools
reporting
their
enrollment
size.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
121
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
97.
 
Average
size
and
distribution
of
enrollment
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type:
1982
 
83
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Average
enrollment
size
of
schools,
by
type
Percentage
distribution
of
schools,
by
size
of
enrollment
Total
1
Elementary
2
Secondary
3
Combined
elementary/
secondary
4
Other
1
Under
200
200
to
299
300
to
399
400
to
499
500
to
599
600
to
699
700
to
999
1000
or
more
All
schools
Regular
schools
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1982
 
83
................................................
478
399
719
 
478
142
21.9
13.8
15.5
13.1
10.2
7.1
10.2
8.3
1983
 
84
................................................
480
401
720
 
475
145
21.7
13.7
15.5
13.2
10.2
7.1
10.3
8.3
1984
 
85
................................................
482
403
721
 
476
146
21.5
13.6
15.5
13.2
10.3
7.1
10.4
8.4
1987
 
88
................................................
490
424
695
711
420
122
20.3
12.9
14.9
13.8
11.1
7.8
11.2
8.0
1988
 
89
................................................
494
433
689
697
412
142
20.0
12.5
14.7
13.8
11.4
8.0
11.6
8.0
1989
 
90
................................................
493
441
669
689
402
142
19.8
12.2
14.5
13.7
11.5
8.3
12.0
7.9
1990
 
91
................................................
497
449
663
684
398
150
19.7
11.9
14.2
13.6
11.7
8.5
12.3
8.1
1991
 
92
................................................
507
458
677
717
407
152
19.1
11.7
14.1
13.5
11.8
8.6
12.8
8.5
1992
 
93
................................................
513
464
688
733
423
135
18.6
11.6
13.9
13.5
11.9
8.7
13.1
8.7
1993
 
94
................................................
518
468
693
748
418
136
18.6
11.5
13.6
13.5
11.7
8.8
13.3
9.0
1994
 
95
................................................
520
471
696
759
412
131
18.6
11.4
13.6
13.4
11.8
8.7
13.3
9.2
1995
 
96
................................................
525
476
703
771
401
136
18.5
11.2
13.5
13.4
11.8
8.8
13.4
9.4
1996
 
97
................................................
527
478
703
777
387
135
18.7
11.3
13.2
13.2
11.8
8.8
13.6
9.5
1997
 
98
................................................
525
478
699
779
374
121
19.3
11.2
13.1
13.3
11.6
8.6
13.4
9.6
1998
 
99
................................................
524
478
707
786
290
135
19.6
11.2
13.1
13.2
11.5
8.5
13.3
9.6
1999
 
2000
............................................
521
477
706
785
282
123
20.0
11.3
13.3
13.2
11.2
8.4
13.1
9.5
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
special
education,
alternative,
and
other
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.

2
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.

3
Includes
schools
with
no
grade
lower
than
7.

4
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.
5
Excludes
special
education
schools,
vocational
schools,
and
alternative
schools.

NOTE:
Data
reflect
reports
by
schools
rather
than
by
states
or
school
districts.
Percent
distribution
and
average
enrollment
calculations
exclude
data
for
schools
not
reporting
enrollment.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)

Table
98.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
school
students,
by
racial/
ethnic
enrollment
concentration
of
school:
Fall
1994
and
fall
1999
Racial/
ethnic
group
Distribution
of
students
in
racial/
ethnic
group,
by
percent
minority
of
school
Distribution
of
students
in
each
racial/
ethnic
group,
by
percent
of
that
racial/
ethnic
group
in
the
school
Total
Less
than
10
percent
minority
10
to
24
percent
minority
25
to
49
percent
minority
50
to
74
percent
minority
75
to
89
percent
minority
90
percent
or
more
minority
Total
Less
than
10
percent
of
group
10
to
24
percent
of
group
25
to
49
percent
of
group
50
to
74
percent
of
group
75
to
89
percent
of
group
90
percent
or
more
of
group
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Number
of
students
enrolled,
1994
Total
.............................................................
43,787,599
14,660,071
8,021,494
8,181,588
5,359,329
2,695,150
4,869,967
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
White
...............................................................
28,639,089
14,089,859
6,679,828
5,205,779
2,058,480
469,651
135,492
28,639,089
135,190
467,293
2,046,901
5,208,699
6,679,483
14,101,523
Minority
............................................................
15,148,510
570,212
1,341,666
2,975,809
3,300,849
2,225,499
4,734,475
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Black
............................................................
7,349,256
200,204
598,953
1,593,323
1,616,631
874,969
2,465,176
7,349,256
640,050
1,107,693
1,855,605
1,351,491
787,842
1,606,575
Hispanic
.......................................................
5,718,169
171,364
397,282
904,139
1,237,383
1,034,946
1,973,055
5,718,169
622,335
810,718
1,311,576
1,286,454
822,305
864,781
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
....................................................
1,597,229
143,663
252,372
356,352
371,521
280,626
192,695
1,597,229
681,953
412,828
297,431
128,233
65,505
11,279
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.........................................
483,856
54,981
93,059
121,995
75,314
34,958
103,549
483,856
213,277
73,334
63,875
34,136
13,881
85,353
Number
of
students
enrolled,
1999
Total
.............................................................
45,537,874
13,141,470
8,534,984
8,592,822
5,843,330
3,343,979
6,081,289
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
White
...............................................................
28,137,113
12,594,720
7,102,808
5,451,173
2,234,767
574,416
179,229
28,137,113
178,395
573,557
2,223,628
5,451,594
7,099,379
12,610,560
Minority
............................................................
17,400,761
546,750
1,432,176
3,141,649
3,608,563
2,769,563
5,902,060
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Black
............................................................
7,769,814
181,646
571,543
1,507,985
1,629,443
1,024,102
2,855,095
7,769,814
713,608
1,177,285
1,899,260
1,362,305
848,824
1,768,532
Hispanic
.......................................................
7,232,942
179,141
473,821
1,069,576
1,475,328
1,359,128
2,675,948
7,232,942
715,450
982,483
1,611,509
1,651,005
1,086,227
1,186,268
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
....................................................
1,864,825
134,761
286,953
423,818
413,876
341,153
264,264
1,864,825
774,882
506,473
320,623
166,635
81,173
15,039
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.........................................
533,180
51,202
99,859
140,270
89,916
45,180
106,753
533,180
244,528
83,022
70,232
40,242
15,890
79,266
Percent
of
students
enrolled,
1994
Total
.............................................................
100.0
33.5
18.3
18.7
12.2
6.2
11.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
White
...............................................................
100.0
49.2
23.3
18.2
7.2
1.6
0.5
100.0
0.5
1.6
7.1
18.2
23.3
49.2
Minority
............................................................
100.0
3.8
8.9
19.6
21.8
14.7
31.3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Black
............................................................
100.0
2.7
8.1
21.7
22.0
11.9
33.5
100.0
8.7
15.1
25.2
18.4
10.7
21.9
Hispanic
.......................................................
100.0
3.0
6.9
15.8
21.6
18.1
34.5
100.0
10.9
14.2
22.9
22.5
14.4
15.1
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
....................................................
100.0
9.0
15.8
22.3
23.3
17.6
12.1
100.0
42.7
25.8
18.6
8.0
4.1
0.7
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.........................................
100.0
11.4
19.2
25.2
15.6
7.2
21.4
100.0
44.1
15.2
13.2
7.1
2.9
17.6
Percent
of
students
enrolled,
1999
Total
.............................................................
100.0
28.9
18.7
18.9
12.8
7.3
13.4
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
White
...............................................................
100.0
44.8
25.2
19.4
7.9
2.0
0.6
100.0
0.6
2.0
7.9
19.4
25.2
44.8
Minority
............................................................
100.0
3.1
8.2
18.1
20.7
15.9
33.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Black
............................................................
100.0
2.3
7.4
19.4
21.0
13.2
36.7
100.0
9.2
15.2
24.4
17.5
10.9
22.8
Hispanic
.......................................................
100.0
2.5
6.6
14.8
20.4
18.8
37.0
100.0
9.9
13.6
22.3
22.8
15.0
16.4
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
....................................................
100.0
7.2
15.4
22.7
22.2
18.3
14.2
100.0
41.6
27.2
17.2
8.9
4.4
0.8
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.........................................
100.0
9.6
18.7
26.3
16.9
8.5
20.0
100.0
45.9
15.6
13.2
7.5
3.0
14.9
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
reflect
racial/
ethnic
data
reported
by
schools.
Because
some
schools
do
not
report
complete
racial/
ethnic
data,
totals
may
differ
from
figures
in
other
tables.
Excludes
1999
data
for
Idaho
and
Tennessee
because
racial/
ethnic
data
were
not
reported.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
122
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
99.
 
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
type
and
state:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Total,
all
schools,
1990
 
91
Total,
all
schools,
1995
 
96
Total,
all
schools,
1998
 
99
Number
of
schools,
1999
 
2000
Total
Elementary
1
Secondary
2
Combined
elementary/
secondary
3
Other
4
Alternative
5
Special
education
5
Oneteacher
schools
6
Total
Prekindergarten

kindergarten
or
1st
grade
to
grade
12
Other
schools
ending
with
grade
12
Other
combined
schools
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
................
84,538
87,125
90,874
92,012
64,131
22,365
4,042
2,220
1,338
484
1,474
4,115
1,947
423
Alabama
.............................
1,297
1,319
1,516
1,516
913
410
193
145
38
10
0
76
32
0
Alaska
................................
498
495
502
502
201
90
211
198
4
9
0
22
1
22
Arizona
...............................
1,049
1,133
1,570
1,641
1,086
403
123
81
31
11
29
84
14
6
Arkansas
............................
1,098
1,098
1,109
1,123
707
409
7
1
4
2
0
4
0
0
California
............................
7,913
7,876
8,343
8,578
6,181
2,057
340
317
20
3
0
1,035
127
46
Colorado
............................
1,344
1,486
1,560
1,587
1,143
373
57
25
26
6
14
80
13
3
Connecticut
........................
985
1,045
1,104
1,086
821
212
40
14
4
22
13
47
30
0
Delaware
............................
173
181
201
185
124
43
17
14
2
1
1
4
16
0
District
of
Columbia
...........
181
186
164
189
132
41
3
1
1
1
13
6
10
0
Florida
................................
2,516
2,760
3,111
3,209
2,145
471
593
297
284
12
0
127
130
4
Georgia
..............................
1,734
1,763
1,843
1,887
1,507
317
63
13
46
4
0
23
1
0
Hawaii
................................
235
246
254
256
196
50
9
7
1
1
1
1
4
1
Idaho
..................................
582
618
660
668
410
226
32
27
4
1
0
66
12
10
Illinois
.................................
4,239
4,142
4,302
4,332
3,169
1,021
126
52
49
25
16
128
262
1
Indiana
...............................
1,915
1,924
1,958
1,960
1,410
463
54
17
33
4
33
67
39
0
Iowa
...................................
1,588
1,556
1,555
1,535
1,057
437
35
1
33
1
6
39
10
5
Kansas
...............................
1,477
1,487
1,437
1,440
1,010
425
4
1
2
1
1
0
5
1
Kentucky
............................
1,400
1,402
1,534
1,526
1,015
441
52
9
42
1
18
75
13
0
Louisiana
...........................
1,533
1,470
1,510
1,533
1,030
336
143
88
34
21
24
99
29
0
Maine
.................................
747
726
720
719
539
163
17
12
5
0
0
0
3
11
Maryland
............................
1,220
1,276
1,357
1,374
1,071
244
33
13
10
10
26
62
51
1
Massachusetts
...................
1,842
1,850
1,900
1,904
1,510
348
36
19
10
7
10
35
5
0
Michigan
............................
3,313
3,748
3,914
3,927
2,646
866
137
80
41
16
278
85
152
12
Minnesota
..........................
1,590
2,157
2,348
2,361
1,252
717
139
44
64
31
253
354
200
7
Mississippi
.........................
972
1,011
1,015
1,016
576
315
100
67
32
1
25
52
0
0
Missouri
.............................
2,199
2,256
2,328
2,355
1,548
646
105
46
54
5
56
77
63
0
Montana
.............................
900
894
886
882
517
365
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
82
Nebraska
...........................
1,506
1,411
1,352
1,345
974
350
21
8
8
5
0
0
61
83
Nevada
..............................
354
423
469
491
354
117
10
4
5
1
10
31
14
11
New
Hampshire
.................
439
460
516
521
425
96
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
New
Jersey
........................
2,272
2,279
2,318
2,383
1,855
438
11
2
5
4
79
0
85
0
New
Mexico
.......................
681
721
746
760
552
194
14
6
8
0
0
41
17
3
New
York
...........................
4,010
4,149
4,230
4,286
3,081
940
155
83
53
19
110
86
28
0
North
Carolina
...................
1,955
1,985
2,106
2,165
1,688
370
105
38
51
16
2
59
26
1
North
Dakota
.....................
663
613
595
590
343
212
4
3
1
0
31
0
31
6
Ohio
...................................
3,731
3,865
3,852
3,894
2,775
988
58
29
24
5
73
47
29
2
Oklahoma
..........................
1,880
1,830
1,825
1,817
1,219
588
5
5
0
0
5
3
13
2
Oregon
...............................
1,199
1,216
1,275
1,277
924
264
42
36
6
0
47
87
16
9
Pennsylvania
.....................
3,260
3,182
3,205
3,230
2,383
789
40
5
17
18
18
13
12
1
Rhode
Island
.....................
309
310
318
318
258
56
2
2
0
0
2
6
4
0
South
Carolina
...................
1,097
1,095
1,101
1,111
811
282
15
7
6
2
3
17
8
1
South
Dakota
.....................
802
824
778
771
466
288
14
10
4
0
3
24
7
42
Tennessee
.........................
1,543
1,563
1,589
1,613
1,172
368
64
40
20
4
9
14
20
0
Texas
.................................
5,991
6,638
7,228
7,395
4,899
1,995
501
217
136
148
0
574
140
4
Utah
...................................
714
735
769
788
509
250
14
4
8
2
15
57
21
5
Vermont
.............................
397
384
395
396
284
71
41
36
4
1
0
1
61
3
Virginia
...............................
1,811
1,889
1,918
1,929
1,438
399
22
4
13
5
70
75
36
0
Washington
........................
1,936
2,124
2,234
2,281
1,386
588
139
62
44
33
168
218
69
23
West
Virginia
.....................
1,015
877
857
853
620
193
31
9
15
7
9
26
11
0
Wisconsin
..........................
2,018
2,037
2,109
2,118
1,532
533
53
14
32
7
0
67
9
1
Wyoming
............................
415
410
388
389
267
107
12
7
4
1
3
16
5
14
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
.....
 
 
188
189
108
26
52
45
3
4
3
0
0
7
26
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
.......
 
 
 
71
60
7
4
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
Overseas
schools
.......
 
171
155
156
105
40
11
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...............
30
31
31
31
24
6
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
Guam
.................................
35
35
37
38
34
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
.............
26
24
26
26
23
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
........................
1,619
1,561
1,538
1,531
919
381
203
9
5
189
28
25
28
0
Virgin
Islands
.....................
33
34
36
36
23
12
1
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.

2
Includes
schools
with
no
grade
lower
than
7.

3
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.

4
Includes
schools
not
classified
by
grade
span.
5
Schools
are
also
included
under
elementary,
secondary,
combined,
or
other
as
appropriate
6
Data
for
one
teacher
schools
are
included
in
other
columns
where
appropriate.
7
Data
are
for
1998
 
99.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
123
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
100.
 
Public
elementary
schools,
by
grade
span
and
average
school
size,
by
state:
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Total,
all
elementary
schools
Total,
all
regular
elementary
schools
1
Schools,
by
grade
span
Average
number
of
students
per
school
2
Prekindergarten
kindergarten,
or
1st
grade
to
grades
3
or
4
Prekindergarten
kindergarten,
or
1st
grade
to
grade
5
Prekindergarten
kindergarten,
or
1st
grade
to
grade
6
Prekindergarten
kindergarten
or
1st
grade
to
grade
8
Grades
4,
5,
or
6
to
6,
7,
or
8
Other
grade
spans
All
elementary
schools
Regular
elementary
schools
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
...........
64,131
63,219
4,977
22,263
14,015
4,740
11,521
6,615
477
482
Alabama
.......................
913
901
84
272
187
79
195
96
485
487
Alaska
...........................
201
199
5
26
112
27
19
12
331
333
Arizona
.........................
1,086
1,059
62
223
314
249
152
86
520
524
Arkansas
......................
707
706
101
128
272
4
121
81
382
382
California
......................
6,181
6,050
189
1,877
2,457
629
839
190
624
636
Colorado
.......................
1,143
1,140
36
530
240
27
226
84
413
414
Connecticut
..................
821
808
85
318
127
45
152
94
463
469
Delaware
......................
124
122
43
16
6
1
30
28
567
571
District
of
Columbia
......
132
132
8
22
76
10
13
3
406
406
Florida
..........................
2,145
2,145
37
1,375
146
32
456
99
768
768
Georgia
.........................
1,507
1,505
27
845
122
17
328
168
667
667
Hawaii
...........................
196
195
1
53
113
7
21
1
604
607
Idaho
............................
410
407
36
91
167
19
65
32
357
359
Illinois
...........................
3,169
3,057
337
673
506
726
494
433
433
444
Indiana
..........................
1,410
1,398
72
606
382
24
252
74
455
458
Iowa
..............................
1,057
1,055
99
331
246
18
217
146
289
290
Kansas
.........................
1,010
1,006
68
304
271
110
175
82
289
290
Kentucky
.......................
1,015
1,003
47
437
199
86
188
58
430
433
Louisiana
......................
1,030
1,010
109
310
197
76
221
117
466
472
Maine
............................
539
538
71
87
90
108
90
93
250
251
Maryland
.......................
1,071
1,035
17
622
144
23
207
58
547
560
Massachusetts
.............
1,510
1,501
199
498
221
83
268
241
437
438
Michigan
.......................
2,646
2,646
225
1,080
468
106
502
265
413
413
Minnesota
.....................
1,252
1,137
121
300
420
39
204
168
414
448
Mississippi
....................
576
575
79
108
129
45
124
91
530
530
Missouri
........................
1,548
1,536
131
499
351
107
290
170
383
385
Montana
.......................
517
514
19
69
240
118
44
27
179
180
Nebraska
......................
974
921
11
9
12
21
61
860
177
185
Nevada
.........................
354
350
13
156
93
18
54
20
640
646
New
Hampshire
............
425
425
50
111
52
48
73
91
329
329
New
Jersey
..................
1,855
1,848
280
525
222
249
344
235
475
476
New
Mexico
..................
552
541
28
191
160
6
107
60
376
381
New
York
......................
3,081
3,078
256
1,079
637
107
588
414
611
611
North
Carolina
..............
1,688
1,674
71
939
75
109
397
97
539
542
North
Dakota
................
343
343
11
37
206
53
22
14
184
184
Ohio
..............................
2,775
2,756
367
834
706
95
526
247
422
423
Oklahoma
.....................
1,219
1,210
61
350
179
298
218
113
345
346
Oregon
.........................
924
903
50
404
180
77
177
36
379
385
Pennsylvania
................
2,383
2,381
307
876
530
75
436
159
481
481
Rhode
Island
................
258
256
36
98
48
4
42
30
415
416
South
Carolina
.............
811
810
81
356
89
24
208
53
567
567
South
Dakota
...............
466
463
24
99
118
124
73
28
178
179
Tennessee
....................
1,172
1,169
131
359
178
217
212
75
517
517
Texas
............................
4,899
4,821
534
1,850
736
88
1,086
605
535
543
Utah
..............................
509
504
16
102
328
5
39
19
524
526
Vermont
........................
284
247
18
23
114
65
17
47
218
245
Virginia
.........................
1,438
1,428
62
770
157
12
290
147
533
536
Washington
..................
1,386
1,322
70
494
439
63
225
95
439
456
West
Virginia
................
620
616
80
194
176
46
95
29
303
304
Wisconsin
.....................
1,532
1,507
97
651
256
99
301
128
364
368
Wyoming
......................
267
266
15
56
121
22
37
16
196
196
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
108
108
8
4
26
64
3
3
235
235
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
..
60
60
15
18
6
2
10
9
476
476
Overseas
schools
105
105
8
8
52
8
16
3
491
491
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
..........
24
24
1
0
0
21
1
1
496
496
Guam
............................
34
34
0
23
0
0
7
4
708
708
Northern
Marianas
.......
23
23
0
0
10
0
1
12
316
316
Puerto
Rico
..................
919
888
83
20
760
4
29
23
312
312
Virgin
Islands
................
23
23
0
1
22
0
0
0
483
483
1
Excludes
special
education
and
alternative
schools.
2
Average
for
schools
reporting
enrollment
data.

NOTE:
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
with
no
grade
higher
than
8.
Excludes
schools
not
reported
by
grade
level,
such
as
some
special
education
schools
for
the
disabled.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
124
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
101.
 
Public
secondary
schools,
by
grade
span
and
average
school
size,
by
state:
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Total,
all
secondary
schools
Total,
all
regular
secondary
schools
1
Schools,
by
grade
span
Vocational
schools
2
Average
number
of
students
per
school
3
Grades
7
to
8
and
7
to
9
Grades
7
to
12
Grades
8
to
12
Grades
9
to
12
Grades
10
to
12
Other
spans
ending
with
grade
12
Other
grade
spans
All
secondary
schools
Regular
secondary
schools
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
...........
22,365
18,784
3,566
3,309
377
13,148
766
260
939
1,048
706
785
Alabama
.......................
410
297
34
108
7
212
36
8
5
81
667
695
Alaska
...........................
90
75
15
28
1
44
1
0
1
2
491
554
Arizona
.........................
403
366
78
31
2
273
10
1
8
13
757
799
Arkansas
.......................
409
406
55
200
4
65
57
2
26
1
441
443
California
......................
2,057
1,292
412
181
4
1,395
41
5
19
0
955
1,442
Colorado
.......................
373
311
49
65
6
234
10
2
7
8
625
712
Connecticut
...................
212
176
28
11
2
162
2
1
6
17
792
884
Delaware
......................
43
36
11
1
0
31
0
0
0
5
938
969
District
of
Columbia
......
41
38
10
2
0
29
0
0
0
0
492
521
Florida
...........................
471
435
25
38
11
371
5
3
18
36
1,396
1,483
Georgia
.........................
317
301
18
6
10
276
3
0
4
0
1,174
1,231
Hawaii
...........................
50
48
12
9
0
27
0
0
2
0
1,285
1,334
Idaho
.............................
226
163
47
58
5
93
18
0
5
0
437
561
Illinois
............................
1,021
819
195
67
26
622
13
36
62
26
630
738
Indiana
..........................
463
405
73
102
0
253
5
1
29
29
792
828
Iowa
..............................
437
403
63
96
0
267
9
0
2
0
414
440
Kansas
..........................
425
425
65
86
2
261
7
2
2
0
407
407
Kentucky
.......................
441
309
36
86
4
305
3
5
2
91
621
682
Louisiana
......................
336
288
63
46
17
195
3
1
11
15
709
776
Maine
............................
163
136
26
12
1
122
0
1
1
27
523
523
Maryland
.......................
244
188
25
2
5
187
4
2
19
26
1,089
1,261
Massachusetts
..............
348
289
40
40
14
244
3
2
5
42
834
886
Michigan
.......................
866
831
115
113
15
537
23
11
52
35
682
684
Minnesota
.....................
717
511
87
249
34
227
63
30
27
0
466
629
Mississippi
....................
315
223
35
66
6
175
22
2
9
86
670
670
Missouri
........................
646
572
63
198
7
334
24
9
11
61
540
541
Montana
........................
365
361
188
0
0
175
1
0
1
0
180
182
Nebraska
......................
350
349
41
202
2
88
11
1
5
0
341
342
Nevada
.........................
117
90
17
19
2
66
4
4
5
3
853
1,045
New
Hampshire
............
96
96
18
0
0
77
1
0
0
0
699
699
New
Jersey
...................
438
388
65
37
9
262
5
1
59
48
899
967
New
Mexico
..................
194
161
42
34
1
101
9
0
7
0
602
693
New
York
......................
940
838
108
181
8
560
26
0
57
25
939
981
North
Carolina
..............
370
347
22
14
4
318
6
1
5
8
954
994
North
Dakota
................
212
205
14
139
4
41
4
1
9
7
242
242
Ohio
..............................
988
897
196
125
17
576
20
40
14
77
724
724
Oklahoma
.....................
588
587
111
0
0
391
67
2
17
0
352
352
Oregon
..........................
264
240
40
26
7
185
4
1
1
0
689
749
Pennsylvania
................
789
706
104
159
14
380
36
9
87
80
873
879
Rhode
Island
................
56
47
10
2
0
43
0
0
1
4
875
1,003
South
Carolina
..............
282
229
33
20
6
197
14
9
3
40
918
918
South
Dakota
................
288
273
102
1
0
182
3
0
0
4
169
172
Tennessee
....................
368
335
50
42
3
252
15
1
5
27
823
843
Texas
............................
1,995
1,529
343
210
44
1,117
35
27
219
21
638
813
Utah
..............................
250
202
86
34
8
47
61
3
11
0
834
1,006
Vermont
........................
71
56
8
23
0
40
0
0
0
14
629
640
Virginia
..........................
399
328
34
12
40
248
9
3
53
45
1,037
1,108
Washington
...................
588
440
119
54
19
303
39
22
32
9
621
797
West
Virginia
................
193
151
36
20
3
112
14
1
7
34
606
646
Wisconsin
.....................
533
490
66
49
2
387
12
10
7
1
568
612
Wyoming
.......................
107
96
33
5
1
59
8
0
1
0
361
393
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
.......................
26
26
1
8
0
17
0
0
0
0
282
282
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
..
7
7
2
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
529
529
Overseas
schools
..
40
40
3
25
0
12
0
0
0
0
464
464
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
..........
6
5
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
1
589
650
Guam
............................
4
4
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
2,200
2,200
Northern
Marianas
........
3
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
746
746
Puerto
Rico
...................
381
362
186
29
1
4
150
0
11
12
591
595
Virgin
Islands
................
12
9
7
0
0
4
1
0
0
1
862
1,040
1
Excludes
vocational,
special
education,
and
alternative
schools.

2
Vocational
schools
are
also
included
under
appropriate
grade
span.

3
Average
for
schools
reporting
enrollment
data.
NOTE:
Includes
schools
with
no
grade
lower
than
7.
Excludes
schools
not
reported
by
level,
such
as
special
education
schools
for
the
disabled.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
125
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
SCHOOLS
Table
102.
 
Percent
of
public
schools
with
building
deficiencies
and
renovation
plans,
by
level,
enrollment
size,
metropolitan
status,
and
free
lunch
eligibility:
1999
Type
of
school
condition
All
public
schools
Instructional
level
1
Size
of
school
enrollment
Metropolitan
status
Percent
of
students
eligible
for
free
or
reduced­
price
lunch
Elementary
Secondary
Less
than
300
300
to
599
600
or
more
Central
city
Urban
fringe/

large
town
Rural/
small
town
Less
than
20
percent
20
to
39
percent
40
to
69
percent
70
percent
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Estimated
number
of
schools
2
.......................
78,313
(
632)
59,940
 
15,505
 
18,095
 
31,942
 
28,275
 
21,294
 
27,846
 
29,173
 
21,216
 
20,915
 
20,947
 
15,234
 
Estimated
enrollment,
in
thousands
...............
45,000
(
575)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percent
of
schools
with
temporary
buildings
......
39
(
2.0)
40
(
2.5)
37
(
2.9)
21
(
4.3)
39
(
3.1)
50
(
2.5)
45
(
3.6)
44
(
3.1)
29
(
2.9)
35
(
3.3)
36
(
3.0)
42
(
3.7)
43
(
4.6)

Percent
of
buildings
in
less
than
adequate
condition
Original
buildings
.................................................
19
(
1.6)
19
(
1.8)
21
(
2.3)
22
(
3.8)
19
(
2.4)
18
(
2.0)
20
(
2.7)
18
(
2.6)
19
(
2.5)
20
(
3.1)
18
(
2.4)
16
(
2.5)
25
(
4.2)

Permanent
additions
...........................................
16
(
1.8)
17
(
2.1)
14
(
2.5)
16
(
3.5)
17
(
2.7)
14
(
2.4)
18
(
3.6)
17
(
2.8)
14
(
2.5)
8
(
2.3)
13
(
3.3)
16
(
3.2)
30
(
5.1)

Temporary
buildings
............................................
19
(
2.2)
18
(
2.4)
21
(
4.5)
 
 
22
(
3.5)
20
(
3.0)
19
(
3.8)
18
(
3.4)
19
(
4.1)
17
(
4.4)
16
(
3.9)
19
(
3.3)
25
(
5.3)

Percent
of
schools
with
building
features
rated
as
less
than
adequate
At
least
one
feature
less
than
adequate
.............
50
(
1.5)
49
(
1.9)
56
(
3.0)
55
(
4.6)
50
(
2.9)
49
(
2.3)
56
(
3.7)
44
(
3.2)
52
(
2.6)
45
(
3.4)
45
(
3.7)
53
(
3.3)
63
(
4.5)

Roofs
................................................................
22
(
1.7)
22
(
1.9)
26
(
3.1)
24
(
3.8)
22
(
2.9)
22
(
1.9)
23
(
3.2)
19
(
2.6)
25
(
2.9)
18
(
2.9)
21
(
2.8)
22
(
2.9)
32
(
4.6)

Framing,
floors,
and
foundations
.....................
14
(
1.3)
14
(
1.6)
16
(
2.2)
19
(
3.1)
12
(
2.3)
14
(
1.8)
12
(
2.5)
13
(
1.9)
17
(
2.5)
14
(
2.4)
11
(
2.3)
16
(
2.3)
17
(
3.9)

Exterior
walls,
finishes,
windows,
doors
..........
24
(
1.5)
23
(
1.9)
27
(
2.7)
31
(
3.9)
21
(
2.6)
23
(
1.8)
27
(
3.1)
21
(
2.5)
25
(
3.0)
21
(
2.6)
21
(
2.8)
25
(
2.6)
30
(
4.4)

Interior
finishes,
trim
........................................
17
(
1.4)
17
(
1.7)
20
(
2.3)
20
(
3.2)
16
(
2.4)
18
(
2.1)
20
(
3.2)
16
(
2.1)
17
(
2.4)
17
(
2.5)
14
(
2.4)
14
(
2.6)
26
(
4.2)

Plumbing
..........................................................
25
(
1.7)
24
(
1.9)
28
(
2.7)
28
(
4.4)
27
(
3.2)
20
(
2.1)
28
(
3.4)
21
(
2.3)
26
(
2.5)
23
(
3.1)
23
(
2.8)
23
(
3.4)
32
(
4.3)

Heating,
ventilation,
air
conditioning
................
29
(
1.5)
28
(
1.8)
34
(
2.5)
29
(
3.8)
32
(
2.9)
26
(
1.8)
30
(
3.0)
27
(
2.5)
31
(
2.7)
28
(
3.0)
26
(
2.7)
29
(
2.8)
35
(
4.2)

Electric
power
..................................................
22
(
1.4)
21
(
1.8)
25
(
2.6)
23
(
3.5)
21
(
2.9)
22
(
1.8)
26
(
2.9)
21
(
2.2)
19
(
2.4)
18
(
2.5)
20
(
2.4)
21
(
2.6)
30
(
4.6)

Electrical
lighting
..............................................
17
(
1.5)
17
(
1.9)
19
(
2.3)
19
(
3.2)
17
(
2.7)
16
(
1.8)
18
(
2.7)
15
(
2.0)
20
(
2.3)
14
(
2.1)
15
(
2.3)
18
(
2.7)
24
(
5.2)

Life
safety
features
..........................................
20
(
1.3)
19
(
1.6)
22
(
2.8)
26
(
4.1)
21
(
2.4)
16
(
1.7)
21
(
2.9)
17
(
2.1)
23
(
2.9)
16
(
2.6)
18
(
2.1)
22
(
3.3)
27
(
3.5)

Percent
of
schools
needing
to
spend
money
to
bring
schools
into
good
overall
condition
....
76
(
1.5)
75
(
1.7)
79
(
2.8)
82
(
3.6)
74
(
2.3)
74
(
2.0)
81
(
2.7)
70
(
3.1)
78
(
2.1)
73
(
3.2)
73
(
3.2)
77
(
2.7)
84
(
3.4)

Cost
per
student
for
all
schools
..........................
$
2,900
(
159)
$
2,500
(
159)
$
3,400
(
379)
$
3,900
(
602)
$
3,300
(
376)
$
2,500
(
220)
$
2,900
(
327)
$
2,600
(
251)
$
3,300
(
339)
$
2,900
(
292)
$
2,800
(
301)
$
3,000
(
424)
$
2,600
(
325)

Cost
per
student
for
schools
needing
to
spend
money
................................
$
3,800
(
192)
$
3,500
(
217)
$
4,300
(
442)
$
4,800
(
702)
$
4,600
(
503)
$
3,300
(
288)
$
3,500
(
384)
$
3,800
(
335)
$
4,400
(
442)
$
4,100
(
427)
$
3,900
(
383)
$
3,900
(
509)
$
3,200
(
366)

Percent
of
schools
rating
environment
factors
as
unsatisfactory
At
least
one
factor
is
unsatisfactory
....................
43
(
1.6)
41
(
2.1)
48
(
2.8)
45
(
4.6)
46
(
3.0)
39
(
2.0)
47
(
3.8)
37
(
2.9)
47
(
2.9)
38
(
3.4)
42
(
3.2)
41
(
3.6)
55
(
4.4)

Lighting
...........................................................
12
(
1.4)
12
(
1.8)
12
(
2.0)
12
(
2.9)
14
(
2.4)
10
(
1.4)
14
(
2.6)
11
(
1.7)
12
(
2.2)
8
(
2.0)
13
(
2.4)
10
(
2.2)
19
(
4.0)

Heating
...........................................................
17
(
1.3)
16
(
1.6)
19
(
2.5)
16
(
3.3)
18
(
2.5)
16
(
1.6)
18
(
2.6)
16
(
2.1)
16
(
2.2)
17
(
2.7)
15
(
2.1)
18
(
2.7)
18
(
3.2)

Ventilation
.......................................................
26
(
1.4)
25
(
1.7)
31
(
2.8)
27
(
3.9)
31
(
2.8)
21
(
2.1)
30
(
3.2)
20
(
2.8)
29
(
2.9)
24
(
3.2)
29
(
2.8)
24
(
2.9)
29
(
3.2)

Indoor
air
quality
.............................................
18
(
1.3)
18
(
1.6)
18
(
2.4)
19
(
3.4)
20
(
2.3)
16
(
1.7)
22
(
3.2)
13
(
2.3)
21
(
2.4)
14
(
2.3)
20
(
3.0)
17
(
2.6)
24
(
3.5)

Acoustics
or
noise­
control
..............................
18
(
1.1)
17
(
1.4)
20
(
2.8)
22
(
3.8)
19
(
2.2)
12
(
1.9)
20
(
2.6)
13
(
1.9)
21
(
2.7)
14
(
2.3)
18
(
2.6)
15
(
2.5)
25
(
3.8)

Physical
security
of
buildings
.........................
20
(
1.2)
17
(
1.5)
26
(
3.1)
21
(
3.6)
21
(
2.4)
18
(
1.7)
14
(
2.6)
17
(
2.1)
26
(
2.7)
17
(
2.0)
22
(
2.7)
21
(
3.0)
17
(
3.6)

Average
years
since
original
construction
..........
40
(
0.8)
40
(
1.0)
40
(
1.6)
43
(
1.7)
42
(
1.5)
35
(
1.0)
42
(
1.2)
37
(
1.1)
41
(
1.5)
38
(
1.6)
38
(
1.6)
40
(
1.4)
44
(
1.7)

Average
years
since
most
recent
renovation
.....
11
(
0.6)
11
(
0.6)
11
(
0.9)
15
(
1.4)
11
(
1.0)
9
(
0.6)
12
(
1.2)
10
(
0.8)
12
(
0.9)
11
(
1.0)
11
(
1.0)
11
(
1.0)
11
(
1.5)

Average
functional
age
3
of
school
.....................
16
(
0.6)
16
(
0.8)
15
(
0.8)
20
(
1.6)
15
(
1.1)
14
(
0.8)
17
(
1.3)
14
(
0.8)
16
(
1.1)
14
(
1.0)
16
(
1.1)
14
(
1.1)
19
(
1.6)

Distribution,
by
functional
age
3
.........................
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
Less
than
5
years
old
......................................
32
(
1.5)
30
(
1.6)
37
(
2.7)
25
(
4.1)
32
(
2.7)
37
(
2.4)
30
(
3.6)
34
(
2.9)
32
(
2.9)
32
(
3.4)
30
(
2.9)
37
(
3.8)
30
(
4.0)

5
to
14
years
old
..............................................
28
(
1.5)
30
(
1.9)
24
(
2.8)
21
(
3.7)
32
(
2.7)
28
(
2.4)
27
(
3.1)
31
(
2.7)
26
(
2.7)
33
(
3.7)
30
(
3.0)
24
(
3.0)
23
(
3.7)

15
to
34
years
old
............................................
26
(
1.4)
25
(
1.6)
29
(
2.9)
35
(
4.1)
23
(
2.4)
23
(
2.0)
26
(
2.8)
23
(
2.2)
29
(
2.9)
24
(
3.1)
25
(
2.6)
28
(
2.7)
26
(
4.0)

35
or
more
years
old
.......................................
14
(
1.4)
15
(
1.7)
10
(
2.0)
20
(
3.6)
13
(
2.5)
12
(
1.8)
17
(
2.9)
12
(
1.9)
13
(
2.4)
11
(
2.2)
15
(
2.7)
11
(
2.2)
21
(
3.9)

Percentage
distribution
of
schools,

by
enrollment
capacity
.....................................
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
Underenrolled
by
more
than
25
percent
.........
19
(
1.5)
17
(
1.7)
21
(
2.7)
41
(
5.0)
15
(
2.5)
8
(
1.4)
16
(
3.0)
12
(
2.0)
27
(
2.7)
15
(
2.4)
19
(
3.1)
15
(
2.7)
27
(
4.0)

Underenrolled
by
6
to
25
percent
....................
33
(
1.7)
31
(
2.1)
43
(
3.0)
30
(
4.2)
37
(
2.8)
31
(
3.4)
33
(
3.3)
36
(
3.0)
30
(
3.2)
38
(
3.2)
34
(
3.2)
33
(
4.0)
26
(
4.1)

Enrollment
within
5
percent
of
capacity
..........
26
(
1.5)
28
(
2.0)
17
(
1.9)
16
(
3.4)
29
(
2.6)
30
(
2.0)
24
(
2.9)
28
(
2.8)
26
(
2.4)
24
(
3.3)
26
(
3.0)
29
(
3.4)
24
(
3.9)

Overcrowded
by
6
to
25
percent
.....................
14
(
1.2)
15
(
1.5)
11
(
1.9)
10
(
2.9)
14
(
2.5)
18
(
1.6)
15
(
1.8)
17
(
2.0)
11
(
2.4)
16
(
2.8)
13
(
2.4)
16
(
2.6)
12
(
2.6)

Overcrowded
by
more
than
25
percent
...........
8
(
0.9)
8
(
1.1)
8
(
1.8)
4
(
1.6)
5
(
1.2)
14
(
1.8)
11
(
2.3)
8
(
1.6)
6
(
1.3)
6
(
1.6)
8
(
1.8)
7
(
2.0)
12
(
2.9)

Percent
of
schools
with
plans
to
make
building
improvements
in
next
2
years
At
least
one
major
repair,
renovation,

or
replacement
planned
..................................
51
(
1.6)
49
(
2.2)
57
(
3.1)
45
(
4.4)
52
(
2.9)
53
(
2.4)
55
(
3.8)
50
(
3.3)
48
(
3.2)
52
(
3.8)
44
(
3.1)
52
(
3.4)
56
(
3.9)

Major
repair
or
renovation
planned
.....................
41
(
1.8)
39
(
2.3)
48
(
3.2)
36
(
4.2)
40
(
3.1)
45
(
2.6)
48
(
3.6)
40
(
3.2)
36
(
2.9)
41
(
3.5)
36
(
3.2)
43
(
3.5)
46
(
4.1)

Replacement
planned
.........................................
25
(
1.2)
23
(
1.6)
28
(
2.6)
19
(
3.2)
26
(
2.2)
27
(
2.1)
29
(
3.2)
24
(
2.4)
22
(
2.2)
25
(
3.4)
21
(
2.7)
25
(
3.2)
30
(
3.7)

Percent
of
schools
with
construction
projects
planned
in
next
2
years
Build
permanent
addition
....................................
20
(
1.4)
19
(
1.7)
23
(
2.8)
17
(
3.0)
19
(
2.4)
24
(
1.7)
17
(
2.0)
25
(
2.4)
17
(
2.0)
23
(
2.9)
18
(
2.5)
21
(
3.0)
18
(
3.3)

Install
new
temporary
buildings
...........................
10
(
1.1)
10
(
1.3)
13
(
1.9)
6
(
1.9)
6
(
1.4)
18
(
2.1)
11
(
2.4)
13
(
1.7)
7
(
1.4)
10
(
2.1)
12
(
2.3)
10
(
2.1)
9
(
2.1)

 
Not
available.

1
Combined
elementary/
secondary
schools
not
shown
separately,
but
included
in
total
and
in
other
categories.

2
Excludes
special
education,
vocational,
and
alternative
schools,
as
well
as
those
schools
offering
only
preprimary
education.

3
Functional
age
is
defined
as
the
age
of
the
school
based
on
the
year
of
the
most
recent
renovation
or
the
year
of
construction
of
the
main
instructional
building(
s)
if
no
renovation
has
occurred.
NOTE:
Data
are
derived
from
sample
surveys
and
are
subject
to
sampling
error.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fast
Response
Survey
System,

Condition
of
America's
Public
School
Facilities:
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
126
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
GRADUATES
Table
103.
 
High
school
graduates
compared
with
population
17
years
of
age,
by
sex
and
control
of
school:
1869
 
70
to
2000
 
01
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

School
year
Population
17
years
old
1
High
school
graduates
Graduates
as
a
percent
of
17­
year­
old
population
Total
2
Sex
Control
Male
Female
Public
3
Private
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1869
 
70
........................................
815
16
7
9
 
 
2.0
1879
 
80
........................................
946
24
11
13
 
 
2.5
1889
 
90
........................................
1,259
44
19
25
22
22
3.5
1899
 
1900
....................................
1,489
95
38
57
62
33
6.4
1909
 
10
........................................
1,786
156
64
93
111
45
8.8
1919
 
20
........................................
1,855
311
124
188
231
80
16.8
1929
 
30
........................................
2,296
667
300
367
592
75
29.0
1939
 
40
........................................
2,403
1,221
579
643
1,143
78
50.8
1947
 
48
........................................
2,261
1,190
563
627
1,073
117
52.6
1949
 
50
........................................
2,034
1,200
571
629
1,063
136
59.0
1951
 
52
........................................
2,086
1,197
569
627
1,056
141
57.4
1953
 
54
........................................
2,135
1,276
613
664
1,129
147
59.8
1955
 
56
........................................
2,242
1,415
680
735
1,252
163
63.1
1956
 
57
........................................
2,272
1,434
690
744
1,270
164
63.1
1957
 
58
........................................
2,325
1,506
725
781
1,332
174
64.8
1958
 
59
........................................
2,458
1,627
784
843
1,435
192
66.2
1959
 
60
........................................
2,672
1,858
895
963
1,627
231
69.5
1960
 
61
........................................
2,892
1,964
955
1,009
1,725
239
67.9
1961
 
62
........................................
2,768
1,918
938
980
1,678
240
69.3
1962
 
63
........................................
2,740
1,943
956
987
1,710
233
70.9
1963
 
64
........................................
2,978
2,283
1,120
1,163
2,008
275
76.7
1964
 
65
........................................
3,684
2,658
1,311
1,347
2,360
298
72.1
1965
 
66
........................................
3,489
2,665
1,323
1,342
2,367
298
76.4
1966
 
67
........................................
3,500
2,672
1,328
1,344
2,374
298
76.3
1967
 
68
........................................
3,532
2,695
1,338
1,357
2,395
300
76.3
1968
 
69
........................................
3,659
2,822
1,399
1,423
2,522
300
77.1
1969
 
70
........................................
3,757
2,889
1,430
1,459
2,589
300
76.9
1970
 
71
........................................
3,872
2,938
1,454
1,484
2,638
300
75.9
1971
 
72
........................................
3,973
3,002
1,487
1,515
2,700
302
75.6
1972
 
73
........................................
4,049
3,035
1,500
1,535
2,729
306
75.0
1973
 
74
........................................
4,132
3,073
1,512
1,561
2,763
310
74.4
1974
 
75
........................................
4,256
3,133
1,542
1,591
2,823
310
73.6
1975
 
76
........................................
4,272
3,148
1,552
1,596
2,837
311
73.7
1976
 
77
........................................
4,272
3,152
1,548
1,604
2,837
315
73.8
1977
 
78
........................................
4,286
3,127
1,531
1,596
2,825
302
73.0
1978
 
79
........................................
4,327
3,101
1,517
1,584
2,801
300
71.7
1979
 
80
........................................
4,262
3,043
1,491
1,552
2,748
295
71.4
1980
 
81
........................................
4,212
3,020
1,483
1,537
2,725
295
71.7
1981
 
82
........................................
4,134
2,995
1,471
1,524
2,705
290
72.4
1982
 
83
........................................
3,962
2,888
1,437
1,451
2,598
290
72.9
1983
 
84
........................................
3,784
2,767
 
 
2,495
272
73.1
1984
 
85
........................................
3,699
2,677
 
 
2,414
263
72.4
1985
 
86
........................................
3,670
2,643
 
 
2,383
260
72.0
1986
 
87
........................................
3,754
2,694
 
 
2,429
265
71.8
1987
 
88
........................................
3,849
2,773
 
 
2,500
273
72.0
1988
 
89
........................................
3,842
2,744
 
 
2,459
285
71.4
1989
 
90
........................................
3,505
2,589
 
 
2,320
269
73.9
1990
 
91
........................................
3,421
2,493
 
 
2,235
258
72.9
1991
 
92
........................................
3,391
2,478
 
 
2,226
252
73.1
1992
 
93
........................................
3,447
2,480
 
 
2,233
247
72.0
1993
 
94
........................................
3,459
2,464
 
 
2,221
243
71.2
1994
 
95
........................................
3,588
2,520
 
 
2,274
246
70.2
1995
 
96
........................................
3,641
2,518
 
 
2,273
245
69.2
1996
 
97
........................................
3,773
2,612
 
 
2,358
254
69.2
1997
 
98
........................................
3,930
2,704
 
 
2,439
265
68.8
1998
 
99
........................................
3,965
2,762
 
 
2,489
273
69.7
1999
 
2000
5
..................................
4,018
2,809
 
 
2,532
277
69.9
2000
 
01
5
......................................
4,004
2,821
 
 
2,542
279
70.5
 
Not
available.

1
Derived
from
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
25.
17­
year­
old
population
adjusted
to
reflect
October
17­
year­
old
population.

2
Includes
graduates
of
public
and
private
schools.

3
Data
for
1929
 
30
and
preceding
years
are
from
Statistics
of
Public
High
Schools
and
exclude
graduates
of
high
schools
which
failed
to
report
to
the
Office
of
Education.

4
For
most
years,
private
school
data
have
been
estimated
based
on
periodic
private
school
surveys.

5
Public
high
school
graduates
based
on
state
estimates.
NOTE:
Includes
graduates
of
regular
day
school
programs.
Excludes
graduates
of
other
programs,
when
separately
reported,
and
recipients
of
high
school
equivalency
certificates
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
Public
High
Schools;
Biennial
Survey
of
Education
in
the
United
States;
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Statistics
of
Nonpublic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics;
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
25.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
127
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
GRADUATES
Table
104.
 
Public
high
school
graduates,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
State
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
1
Estimated
1999
 
2000
Estimated
2000
 
01
Percent
change,
1990
 
91
to
2000
 
01
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
..............
2,588,639
2,747,678
2,725,285
2,382,616
2,234,893
2,273,109
2,439,050
2,488,605
2
2,531,524
2
2,542,398
13.8
Alabama
..........................
45,286
45,190
44,894
39,620
39,042
35,043
38,089
36,244
3
38,429
39,377
0.9
Alaska
..............................
3,297
5,223
5,343
5,464
5,458
5,945
6,462
6,810
6,668
6,705
22.8
Arizona
............................
22,040
28,633
28,416
27,533
31,282
30,008
36,361
35,728
4
36,189
4
36,310
16.1
Arkansas
.........................
26,068
29,052
29,577
26,227
25,668
25,094
26,855
26,896
3
26,896
27,335
6.5
California
.........................
260,908
249,217
242,172
229,026
234,164
259,071
282,897
299,221
311,573
4
321,371
37.2
Colorado
..........................
30,312
36,804
35,897
32,621
31,293
32,608
35,794
36,958
38,933
35,193
12.5
Connecticut
.....................
34,755
37,683
38,369
33,571
27,290
26,319
27,885
28,284
29,650
30,300
11.0
Delaware
.........................
6,985
7,582
7,349
5,791
5,223
5,609
6,439
6,484
3
6,186
6,669
27.7
District
of
Columbia5
.......
4,980
4,959
4,848
3,875
3,369
2,696
2,777
2,675
3
2,695
2,507
 
25.6
Florida
.............................
70,478
87,324
88,755
83,029
87,419
89,242
98,498
102,386
3
102,879
104,555
19.6
Georgia
............................
56,859
61,621
62,963
59,082
60,088
56,271
58,525
59,227
3
64,775
64,738
7.7
Hawaii
..............................
10,407
11,493
11,472
9,958
8,974
9,387
9,670
9,714
3
10,437
3
10,023
11.7
Idaho
...............................
12,296
13,187
12,679
12,059
11,961
14,667
15,523
15,716
16,160
16,200
35.4
Illinois
..............................
126,864
135,579
136,795
114,319
103,329
104,626
114,611
112,556
111,835
103,174
 
0.2
Indiana
.............................
69,984
73,143
73,381
59,817
57,892
56,330
58,899
58,908
57,236
58,173
0.5
Iowa
.................................
44,063
43,445
42,635
34,279
28,593
31,689
34,189
34,378
3
33,926
33,888
18.5
Kansas
............................
33,394
30,890
29,397
25,587
24,414
25,786
27,856
28,685
28,890
29,082
19.1
Kentucky
..........................
37,473
41,203
41,714
37,288
35,835
36,641
37,270
37,179
3
36,909
36,620
2.2
Louisiana
.........................
43,641
46,297
46,199
39,965
33,489
36,467
38,030
37,802
38,484
38,022
13.5
Maine
...............................
14,003
15,445
15,554
13,006
13,151
11,795
12,171
12,093
3
13,367
13,581
3.3
Maryland
..........................
46,462
54,270
54,050
46,700
39,014
41,785
44,555
46,214
3
47,849
48,538
24.4
Massachusetts
................
63,865
73,802
74,831
60,360
50,216
47,993
50,452
51,465
3
51,000
50,000
 
0.4
Michigan
..........................
121,000
124,316
124,372
101,042
88,234
85,530
92,732
94,125
96,100
99,000
12.2
Minnesota
........................
60,480
64,908
64,166
51,988
46,474
50,481
54,628
56,964
53,000
52,500
13.0
Mississippi
.......................
29,653
27,586
28,083
25,134
23,665
23,032
24,502
24,198
3
24,198
24,065
1.7
Missouri
...........................
55,315
62,265
60,359
49,204
46,928
49,011
52,095
52,531
52,498
52,569
12.0
Montana
..........................
11,520
12,135
11,634
9,761
9,013
10,139
10,656
10,925
10,862
10,757
19.3
Nebraska
.........................
21,280
22,410
21,411
17,845
16,500
18,014
19,719
20,550
19,629
19,763
19.8
Nevada
............................
5,449
8,473
9,069
8,784
9,370
10,374
13,052
13,892
13,058
13,665
45.8
New
Hampshire
...............
8,516
11,722
11,552
10,648
10,059
10,094
10,843
11,251
11,563
11,725
16.6
New
Jersey
.....................
86,498
94,564
93,168
78,781
67,003
67,704
65,106
67,410
4
69,017
4
69,994
4.5
New
Mexico
.....................
16,060
18,424
17,915
15,468
15,157
15,402
16,529
17,317
3
18,303
18,445
21.7
New
York
.........................
190,000
204,064
198,465
162,165
133,562
134,401
138,531
139,426
141,800
142,000
6.3
North
Carolina
.................
68,886
70,862
69,395
65,865
62,792
57,014
59,292
60,081
3
59,776
61,887
 
1.4
North
Dakota
...................
11,150
9,928
9,924
7,610
7,573
8,027
8,170
8,388
3
8,606
8,409
11.0
Ohio
.................................
142,248
144,169
143,503
119,561
107,484
102,098
111,211
111,112
111,000
111,000
3.3
Oklahoma
........................
36,293
39,305
38,875
34,452
33,007
33,060
35,213
36,556
6
36,754
6
36,603
10.9
Oregon
............................
32,236
29,939
28,729
26,286
24,597
26,570
27,754
28,245
29,500
29,800
21.2
Pennsylvania
...................
151,014
146,458
144,645
122,871
104,770
105,981
110,919
112,632
114,850
114,790
9.6
Rhode
Island
...................
10,146
10,864
10,719
8,908
7,744
7,689
8,074
8,179
8,495
8,580
10.8
South
Carolina
................
34,940
38,697
38,347
34,500
32,999
30,182
31,373
31,495
33,900
32,800
 
0.6
South
Dakota
..................
11,757
10,689
10,385
7,870
7,127
8,532
9,140
8,757
3
9,224
9,072
27.3
Tennessee
.......................
49,000
49,845
50,648
43,263
44,847
43,792
39,866
40,823
3
41,568
40,911
 
8.8
Texas
...............................
139,046
171,449
171,665
161,150
174,306
171,844
197,186
203,393
209,405
214,953
23.3
Utah
.................................
18,395
20,035
19,886
19,774
22,219
26,293
31,567
31,574
32,501
31,482
41.7
Vermont
...........................
6,095
6,733
6,424
5,794
5,212
5,867
6,469
6,521
3
6,468
6,348
21.8
Virginia
............................
58,562
66,621
67,126
63,113
58,441
58,166
62,738
63,875
4
64,941
4
65,401
11.9
Washington
.....................
50,425
50,402
50,046
45,805
42,514
49,862
53,679
58,213
4
58,997
4
59,226
39.3
West
Virginia
...................
26,139
23,369
23,580
21,870
21,064
20,335
20,164
19,889
3
19,440
18,773
 
10.9
Wisconsin
........................
66,753
69,332
67,743
58,340
49,340
52,651
57,607
58,312
58,636
59,099
19.8
Wyoming
.........................
5,363
6,072
6,161
5,587
5,728
5,892
6,427
6,348
3
6,469
6,420
12.1
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,469
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
7...
 
 
 
 
 
2,674
2,595
2,973
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
8
367
 
 
608
597
719
665
725
4
736
4
739
23.8
Guam
...............................
972
 
 
840
1,014
 
923
1,326
4
1,367
4
1,395
37.6
Northern
Marianas
..........
 
 
 
 
273
325
374
341
360
341
24.9
Puerto
Rico
.....................
24,917
 
 
31,597
29,329
29,499
29,881
30,479
4
30,673
4
30,576
4.3
Virgin
Islands
...................
8
432
 
 
1,044
981
937
1,069
951
4
1,057
4
1,050
7.0
 
Not
available.
1
Revised
from
previously
published
data.
2
National
total
includes
estimates
for
nonreporting
states.
3
Actual
count.
4
Data
imputed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
based
on
previous
year's
data.
5
Beginning
in
1985
 
86,
graduates
from
adult
programs
are
excluded.
6
Early
estimate
number
reported
by
state,
adjusted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
7
Includes
foreign
schools
only
through
1997
 
98.
Data
for
1998
 
99
include
overseas
and
domestic
schools.
8
Data
are
for
1970
 
71.

NOTE:
Data
include
graduates
of
regular
day
school
programs,
but
exclude
graduates
of
other
programs
and
persons
receiving
high
school
equivalency
certificates.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
All
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
data
are
state
estimates
unless
otherwise
indicated.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
128
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
GRADUATES
Table
105.
 
High
school
graduates
and
dropouts
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
race/
ethnicity
and
state:
1998
 
99
State
High
school
graduates,
by
race/
ethnicity,
1998
 
99
Percent
of
9th
to
12th
graders
who
dropped
out
during
1998
 
99,
by
race/
ethnicity
1
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
2,3
.........
2,488,218
1,758,820
321,325
267,996
116,176
23,901
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alabama
..........................
36,244
23,681
11,496
163
241
663
4.4
4.4
4.5
6.6
1.8
1.6
Alaska
..............................
6,810
4,769
282
184
365
1,210
5.3
4.2
6.9
10.4
3.8
8.2
Arizona
............................
35,728
22,125
1,473
8,920
864
2,346
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
Arkansas
.........................
26,896
20,272
5,854
390
288
92
6.0
5.6
6.7
10.3
4.4
8.0
California
3
.......................
298,428
134,229
22,065
95,438
44,031
2,665
 
 
 
 
 
 
Colorado
..........................
36,958
29,034
1,609
4,973
1,070
272
 
 
 
 
 
 
Connecticut
.....................
28,284
22,245
2,920
2,262
790
67
3.3
2.2
5.6
8.2
2.6
2.8
Delaware
.........................
6,484
4,443
1,665
200
164
12
4.1
3.5
5.3
7.0
1.3
4.4
District
of
Columbia
.........
2,675
82
2,255
189
146
3
8.2
 
 
 
 
 
Florida
.............................
102,386
62,624
21,651
15,013
2,856
242
 
 
 
 
 
 
Georgia
............................
59,227
37,883
18,773
983
1,518
70
7.4
6.5
8.7
11.1
4.5
7.7
Hawaii
..............................
9,714
1,882
161
396
7,248
27
 
 
 
 
 
 
Idaho
...............................
15,716
14,477
58
865
197
119
6.9
 
 
 
 
 
Illinois
..............................
112,556
80,229
16,964
10,467
4,731
165
6.5
4.1
13.3
11.4
2.4
9.8
Indiana
3
..........................
58,962
51,925
5,105
1,249
594
89
 
 
 
 
 
 
Iowa
.................................
34,378
32,619
673
500
496
90
2.5
2.3
5.7
9.4
2.5
7.7
Kansas
............................
28,685
24,842
1,736
1,252
599
256
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kentucky
..........................
37,177
33,602
3,020
90
213
252
4.9
4.7
6.3
7.0
3.0
1.1
Louisiana
.........................
37,802
21,980
14,503
519
624
176
10.0
7.9
12.6
11.8
8.8
14.9
Maine
...............................
12,093
11,793
77
46
127
50
3.3
3.3
6.2
3.1
2.2
5.4
Maryland
..........................
46,214
27,544
14,718
1,513
2,318
121
4.4
3.6
6.0
4.3
1.7
5.6
Massachusetts
................
51,465
41,984
3,830
3,326
2,268
57
3.6
2.5
6.7
9.9
3.6
4.0
Michigan
..........................
94,125
77,631
11,651
2,200
1,719
924
 
 
 
 
 
 
Minnesota
3
......................
57,091
51,919
1,651
824
2,066
631
4.5
 
 
 
 
 
Mississippi
.......................
24,198
12,464
11,474
57
178
25
5.2
4.3
6.1
6.7
2.6
5.3
Missouri
...........................
52,531
44,486
6,687
587
667
104
4.8
4.4
7.1
7.3
3.4
6.1
Montana
..........................
10,925
9,964
39
174
81
667
4.5
3.8
8.4
5.7
3.1
12.9
Nebraska
.........................
20,550
18,685
771
694
261
139
4.2
3.1
12.7
12.8
3.6
19.7
Nevada
............................
13,892
9,984
1,042
1,747
891
228
7.9
6.4
11.4
12.2
5.9
9.4
New
Hampshire
4
.............
11,251
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Jersey
3
...................
67,513
45,651
9,679
7,438
4,615
130
3.1
 
 
 
 
 
New
Mexico
.....................
17,317
7,575
358
7,497
256
1,631
7.0
4.8
6.6
8.8
5.5
8.1
New
York
.........................
139,426
93,210
18,603
18,191
9,014
408
 
 
 
 
 
 
North
Carolina
.................
60,081
41,119
16,144
929
1,208
681
 
 
 
 
 
 
North
Dakota
...................
8,388
7,906
47
55
57
323
2.4
 
 
 
 
 
Ohio
.................................
111,112
98,209
10,696
705
1,390
112
3.9
2.9
9.8
9.8
2.5
6.5
Oklahoma
........................
36,556
26,459
3,207
1,108
591
5,191
5.2
4.6
7.8
11.2
3.4
5.1
Oregon
............................
28,245
24,784
526
1,381
1,147
407
6.5
5.7
10.9
14.8
5.6
11.1
Pennsylvania
...................
112,632
95,955
11,495
2,696
2,384
102
3.8
 
 
 
 
 
Rhode
Island
...................
8,179
6,742
487
657
266
27
4.5
3.7
7.7
8.3
5.2
14.0
South
Carolina
4
..............
31,495
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
South
Dakota
..................
8,757
8,237
63
65
65
327
4.5
3.4
9.5
12.6
8.2
19.1
Tennessee
3,5
..................
40,947
32,727
7,322
299
560
39
4.6
 
 
 
 
 
Texas
...............................
203,393
107,777
25,708
63,082
6,340
486
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utah
.................................
31,574
29,228
136
1,234
685
291
4.7
4.1
14.6
12.2
6.7
11.0
Vermont
4
.........................
6,521
 
 
 
 
 
4.6
 
 
 
 
 
Virginia
............................
63,875
44,258
14,637
1,904
2,955
121
4.5
3.8
5.8
7.8
3.2
5.4
Washington
3
...................
58,213
46,733
2,196
3,266
4,924
1,094
 
 
 
 
 
 
West
Virginia
...................
19,889
18,973
701
68
124
23
4.9
4.8
6.1
3.2
2.3
9.1
Wisconsin
........................
58,312
52,415
2,581
1,405
1,373
538
2.6
1.6
11.5
6.8
2.4
4.6
Wyoming
.........................
6,348
5,799
112
362
33
42
5.2
4.5
8.7
11.8
3.2
14.7
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
..
6,469
 
 
 
 
6,469
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
6
2,973
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
725
 
 
 
725
 
2.0
 
 
 
2.0
 
Guam
...............................
1,326
42
6
2
1,276
 
15.0
23.6
31.8
12.5
14.8
20.0
Northern
Marianas
..........
341
1
 
 
340
 
11.5
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.....................
30,479
 
 
30,479
 
 
1.2
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
...................
951
1
902
45
3
 
7.3
12.2
7.3
7.4
0.0
16.7
 
Not
available.

1
Alabama,
Arizona,
Idaho,
Illinois,
Maryland,
New
Jersey,
Oklahoma,
South
Dakota,
Tennessee,
Vermont,
Virginia,
and
Puerto
Rico
reported
data
on
an
alternative
July
through
June
cycle,
rather
than
the
specified
October
through
September
cycle
for
dropout
data.

2
U.
S.
total
includes
estimates
for
nonreporting
states,
based
on
1998
12th­
grade
enrollment
racial/
ethnic
distribution
reported
by
state.

3
Data
differ
slightly
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
due
to
varying
reporting
practices
for
racial/
ethnic
survey
data.

4
Racial/
ethnic
distribution
estimated
by
NCES
based
on
1998
12th­
grade
enrollment
racial/
ethnic
distribution
reported
by
state.
5
Estimates
provided
by
state
education
agency
after
Common
Core
of
Data
file
was
closed.

6
Includes
overseas
and
domestic
schools.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
129
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
GRADUATES
Table
106.
 
General
Educational
Development
(
GED)
credentials
issued,
and
number
and
age
of
test
takers:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
1971
to
2000
Year
Number
of
credentials
issued,
in
thousands
1
Number
completing
test
battery,
in
thousands
2
Number
of
test
takers,
in
thousands
3
Percentage
distribution
of
test
takers,
by
age
19
years
old
or
less
20­
to
24­
yearolds
25­
to
29­
yearolds
30­
to
34­
yearolds
35
years
old
or
over
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1971
..................................
227
 
377
 
 
 
 
 
1975
..................................
342
507
652
33
26
14
9
18
1976
..................................
337
507
656
31
28
14
10
17
1977
..................................
331
488
680
40
24
13
9
14
1978
..................................
381
467
641
31
27
13
10
19
1979
..................................
435
583
744
35
27
13
8
16
1980
..................................
488
708
779
37
27
13
8
15
1981
..................................
500
701
770
37
27
13
8
15
1982
..................................
494
692
756
37
28
13
8
15
1983
..................................
477
678
740
34
29
14
9
15
1984
..................................
437
613
676
32
28
15
9
16
1985
..................................
427
622
685
33
26
15
10
16
1986
..................................
439
648
713
33
26
15
10
16
1987
..................................
458
662
729
33
24
15
10
18
1988
..................................
421
617
701
36
23
14
10
17
1989
..................................
364
554
645
36
24
13
10
16
1990
..................................
419
628
727
35
25
14
10
17
1991
..................................
471
672
770
33
27
14
10
17
1992
..................................
465
653
754
32
28
13
11
16
1993
..................................
476
652
757
33
27
14
11
16
1994
..................................
499
684
793
34
26
13
10
16
1995
..................................
513
698
803
37
25
13
10
15
1996
..................................
514
733
842
40
25
13
9
15
1997
..................................
471
697
802
41
25
12
8
14
1998
..................................
496
693
796
43
25
11
8
14
1999
..................................
517
724
831
43
25
11
8
14
2000
..................................
501
718
830
42
26
11
8
14
 
Not
available.
1
Number
of
people
receiving
high
school
equivalency
credentials
based
on
the
GED
tests.
2
Number
of
people
completing
the
entire
GED
battery
of
five
tests.
3
Number
of
people
taking
the
GED
tests
(
one
or
more
subtests).
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
American
Council
on
Education,
General
Educational
Development
Testing
Service,
Who
took
the
GED?
Statistical
Report,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
107.
 
Distribution
of
18­
to
29­
year­
olds,
by
high
school
completion
status
and
selected
characteristics:
1998
to
2000
Characteristics
1998
1999
2000
1
Dropout
Completed
by
GED
Completed
by
diploma
Dropout
Completed
by
GED
Completed
by
diploma
Dropout
Completed
by
GED
Completed
by
diploma
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Number,
in
thousands
................................................
5,636
3,321
33,706
5,576
(
122)
3,314
(
92)
33,819
(
379)
5,473
(
121)
2,165
(
73)
35,213
(
390)
Percent
distribution
....................................................
13.2
7.8
79.0
13.1
(
0.3)
7.8
(
0.2)
79.2
(
0.3)
12.8
(
0.2)
5.1
(
0.2)
82.2
(
0.3)

Sex
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Male
...........................................................................
57.0
47.3
48.4
53.5
(
1.0)
49.6
(
1.3)
48.0
(
0.4)
54.2
(
1.0)
52.4
(
1.7)
48.0
(
0.4)
Female
.......................................................................
43.0
52.7
51.6
46.5
(
1.0)
50.4
(
1.3)
52.0
(
0.4)
45.8
(
1.0)
47.6
(
1.7)
52.0
(
0.4)

Age
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
18
and
19
...................................................................
19.6
13.4
15.2
18.8
(
0.8)
13.2
(
0.9)
15.3
(
0.3)
18.5
(
0.8)
11.3
(
1.0)
15.5
(
0.3)
20
and
21
...................................................................
18.5
16.2
16.2
18.0
(
0.8)
14.0
(
0.9)
16.5
(
0.3)
18.2
(
0.8)
12.8
(
1.1)
17.3
(
0.3)
22
to
24
......................................................................
24.8
25.6
24.3
24.5
(
0.9)
25.6
(
1.2)
25.4
(
0.4)
23.9
(
0.9)
29.9
(
1.5)
25.8
(
0.4)
25
to
29
......................................................................
37.1
44.8
44.4
38.8
(
1.0)
47.2
(
1.3)
42.7
(
0.4)
39.4
(
1.0)
45.9
(
1.6)
41.4
(
0.4)

Race/
ethnicity
................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
White,
non­
Hispanic
...................................................
40.0
67.5
70.6
39.1
(
1.0)
67.7
(
1.3)
70.2
(
0.4)
38.7
(
1.0)
67.5
(
1.5)
69.5
(
0.4)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
...................................................
15.7
13.9
13.1
14.8
(
0.8)
14.8
(
1.0)
13.4
(
0.3)
14.8
(
0.8)
15.5
(
1.3)
13.6
(
0.3)
Hispanic
.....................................................................
41.6
13.2
10.7
42.5
(
1.2)
12.7
(
1.0)
10.5
(
0.3)
43.0
(
1.2)
12.3
(
1.2)
10.9
(
0.3)
Other
..........................................................................
2.7
5.5
5.6
3.5
(
0.4)
4.8
(
0.7)
5.9
(
0.2)
3.5
(
0.4)
4.7
(
0.8)
6.0
(
0.2)

Educational
attainment
..................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
high
school
................................................
100.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
 
0.0
 
0.0
 
100.0
 
0.0
 
0.0
 
Completed
high
school
..............................................
0.0
47.1
38.3
0.0
 
45.8
(
1.3)
37.2
(
0.4)
0.0
 
68.9
(
1.5)
36.1
(
0.4)
Some
college
.............................................................
0.0
36.1
33.8
0.0
 
36.3
(
1.3)
33.8
(
0.4)
0.0
 
20.2
(
1.3)
35.0
(
0.4)
Associate
degree
.......................................................
0.0
6.9
7.2
0.0
 
6.7
(
0.7)
7.5
(
0.2)
0.0
 
5.5
(
0.8)
7.6
(
0.2)
Bachelor's
degree
......................................................
0.0
8.0
17.1
0.0
 
9.0
(
0.8)
18.1
(
0.3)
0.0
 
4.5
(
0.7)
17.7
(
0.3)
Master's
or
higher
degree
.........................................
0.0
1.9
3.5
0.0
 
2.1
(
0.4)
3.4
(
0.2)
0.0
 
0.8
(
0.3)
3.5
(
0.2)

Family
income
quartile
..................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Lowest
quartile
...........................................................
46.3
27.8
18.5
42.4
(
1.0)
24.6
(
1.2)
18.7
(
0.3)
44.8
(
1.0)
29.7
(
1.5)
18.7
(
0.3)
Low­
middle
quartile
....................................................
30.6
29.7
24.6
33.0
(
1.0)
29.0
(
1.2)
24.4
(
0.4)
29.5
(
0.9)
29.7
(
1.5)
24.8
(
0.4)
High­
middle
quartile
...................................................
16.6
23.1
28.4
17.0
(
0.8)
28.0
(
1.2)
27.9
(
0.4)
18.2
(
0.8)
26.4
(
1.5)
28.2
(
0.4)
Highest
quartile
..........................................................
6.5
19.3
28.5
7.7
(
0.5)
18.3
(
1.0)
29.0
(
0.4)
7.5
(
0.5)
14.2
(
1.2)
28.3
(
0.4)

Employment
status
........................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Employed
...................................................................
61.6
71.8
76.0
60.6
(
1.0)
72.2
(
1.2)
75.6
(
0.4)
61.1
(
1.0)
71.0
(
1.5)
76.5
(
0.3)
Unemployed
...............................................................
8.4
7.6
4.3
9.1
(
0.6)
7.2
(
0.7)
4.2
(
0.2)
9.8
(
0.6)
7.7
(
0.9)
3.6
(
0.2)
Not
in
labor
force
.......................................................
30.0
20.6
19.7
30.3
(
0.9)
20.6
(
1.1)
20.2
(
0.3)
29.1
(
0.9)
21.3
(
1.4)
19.8
(
0.3)

 
Not
available.

1
Due
to
questionnaire
rewording,
data
are
not
comparable
to
figures
for
previous
years.

NOTE:
Excludes
persons
still
enrolled
in
high
school.
Data
are
based
on
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutionalized
population.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
130
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DROPOUTS
Table
108.
 
Percent
of
high
school
dropouts
(
status
dropouts)
among
persons
16
to
24
years
old,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
April
1960
to
October
2000
Year
Total
Men
Women
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
All
races
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
origin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1960
1
........
27.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26.7
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1967
2
........
17.0
 
15.4
 
28.6
 
 
 
16.5
 
14.7
 
30.6
 
 
 
17.3
 
16.1
 
26.9
 
 
 
1968
2
........
16.2
 
14.7
 
27.4
 
 
 
15.8
 
14.4
 
27.1
 
 
 
16.5
 
15.0
 
27.6
 
 
 
1969
2
........
15.2
 
13.6
 
26.7
 
 
 
14.3
 
12.6
 
26.9
 
 
 
16.0
 
14.6
 
26.7
 
 
 
1970
2
........
15.0
 
13.2
 
27.9
 
 
 
14.2
 
12.2
 
29.4
 
 
 
15.7
 
14.1
 
26.6
 
 
 
1971
2
........
14.7
 
13.4
 
23.7
 
 
 
14.2
 
12.6
 
25.5
 
 
 
15.2
 
14.2
 
22.1
 
 
 
1972
..........
14.6
(
0.3)
12.3
(
0.3)
21.3
(
1.1)
34.3
(
2.2)
14.1
(
0.4)
11.6
(
0.4)
22.3
(
1.6)
33.7
(
3.2)
15.1
(
0.4)
12.8
(
0.4)
20.5
(
1.4)
34.8
(
3.1)
1973
..........
14.1
(
0.3)
11.6
(
0.3)
22.2
(
1.1)
33.5
(
2.2)
13.7
(
0.4)
11.5
(
0.4)
21.5
(
1.5)
30.4
(
3.2)
14.5
(
0.4)
11.8
(
0.4)
22.8
(
1.5)
36.4
(
3.2)
1974
..........
14.3
(
0.3)
11.9
(
0.3)
21.2
(
1.0)
33.0
(
2.1)
14.2
(
0.4)
12.0
(
0.4)
20.1
(
1.5)
33.8
(
3.0)
14.3
(
0.4)
11.8
(
0.4)
22.1
(
1.5)
32.2
(
2.9)
1975
..........
13.9
(
0.3)
11.4
(
0.3)
22.9
(
1.1)
29.2
(
2.0)
13.3
(
0.4)
11.0
(
0.4)
23.0
(
1.6)
26.7
(
2.8)
14.5
(
0.4)
11.8
(
0.4)
22.9
(
1.4)
31.6
(
2.9)

1976
..........
14.1
(
0.3)
12.0
(
0.3)
20.5
(
1.0)
31.4
(
2.0)
14.1
(
0.4)
12.1
(
0.4)
21.2
(
1.5)
30.3
(
2.9)
14.2
(
0.4)
11.8
(
0.4)
19.9
(
1.4)
32.3
(
2.8)
1977
..........
14.1
(
0.3)
11.9
(
0.3)
19.8
(
1.0)
33.0
(
2.0)
14.5
(
0.4)
12.6
(
0.4)
19.5
(
1.5)
31.6
(
2.9)
13.8
(
0.4)
11.2
(
0.4)
20.0
(
1.4)
34.3
(
2.8)
1978
..........
14.2
(
0.3)
11.9
(
0.3)
20.2
(
1.0)
33.3
(
2.0)
14.6
(
0.4)
12.2
(
0.4)
22.5
(
1.5)
33.6
(
2.9)
13.9
(
0.4)
11.6
(
0.4)
18.3
(
1.3)
33.1
(
2.8)
1979
..........
14.6
(
0.3)
12.0
(
0.3)
21.1
(
1.0)
33.8
(
2.0)
15.0
(
0.4)
12.6
(
0.4)
22.4
(
1.5)
33.0
(
2.8)
14.2
(
0.4)
11.5
(
0.4)
20.0
(
1.3)
34.5
(
2.8)
1980
..........
14.1
(
0.3)
11.4
(
0.3)
19.1
(
1.0)
35.2
(
1.9)
15.1
(
0.4)
12.3
(
0.4)
20.8
(
1.5)
37.2
(
2.7)
13.1
(
0.4)
10.5
(
0.4)
17.7
(
1.3)
33.2
(
2.6)

1981
..........
13.9
(
0.3)
11.3
(
0.3)
18.4
(
0.9)
33.2
(
1.8)
15.1
(
0.4)
12.5
(
0.4)
19.9
(
1.4)
36.0
(
2.6)
12.8
(
0.4)
10.2
(
0.4)
17.1
(
1.2)
30.4
(
2.5)
1982
..........
13.9
(
0.3)
11.4
(
0.3)
18.4
(
1.0)
31.7
(
1.9)
14.5
(
0.4)
12.0
(
0.4)
21.2
(
1.5)
30.5
(
2.7)
13.3
(
0.4)
10.8
(
0.4)
15.9
(
1.3)
32.8
(
2.7)
1983
..........
13.7
(
0.3)
11.1
(
0.3)
18.0
(
1.0)
31.6
(
1.9)
14.9
(
0.4)
12.2
(
0.4)
19.9
(
1.5)
34.3
(
2.8)
12.5
(
0.4)
10.1
(
0.4)
16.2
(
1.3)
29.1
(
2.6)
1984
..........
13.1
(
0.3)
11.0
(
0.3)
15.5
(
0.9)
29.8
(
1.9)
14.0
(
0.4)
11.9
(
0.4)
16.8
(
1.4)
30.6
(
2.8)
12.3
(
0.4)
10.1
(
0.4)
14.3
(
1.2)
29.0
(
2.6)
1985
..........
12.6
(
0.3)
10.4
(
0.3)
15.2
(
0.9)
27.6
(
1.9)
13.4
(
0.4)
11.1
(
0.4)
16.1
(
1.4)
29.9
(
2.8)
11.8
(
0.4)
9.8
(
0.4)
14.3
(
1.2)
25.2
(
2.7)

1986
..........
12.2
(
0.3)
9.7
(
0.3)
14.2
(
0.9)
30.1
(
1.9)
13.1
(
0.4)
10.3
(
0.4)
15.0
(
1.3)
32.8
(
2.7)
11.4
(
0.4)
9.1
(
0.4)
13.5
(
1.2)
27.2
(
2.6)
1987
..........
12.6
(
0.3)
10.4
(
0.3)
14.1
(
0.9)
28.6
(
1.8)
13.2
(
0.4)
10.8
(
0.4)
15.0
(
1.3)
29.1
(
2.6)
12.1
(
0.4)
10.0
(
0.4)
13.3
(
1.2)
28.1
(
2.6)
1988
..........
12.9
(
0.3)
9.6
(
0.3)
14.5
(
1.0)
35.8
(
2.3)
13.5
(
0.4)
10.3
(
0.5)
15.0
(
1.5)
36.0
(
3.2)
12.2
(
0.4)
8.9
(
0.4)
14.0
(
1.4)
35.4
(
3.3)
1989
..........
12.6
(
0.3)
9.4
(
0.3)
13.9
(
1.0)
33.0
(
2.2)
13.6
(
0.5)
10.3
(
0.5)
14.9
(
1.5)
34.4
(
3.1)
11.7
(
0.4)
8.5
(
0.4)
13.0
(
1.3)
31.6
(
3.1)
1990
..........
12.1
(
0.3)
9.0
(
0.3)
13.2
(
0.9)
32.4
(
1.9)
12.3
(
0.4)
9.3
(
0.4)
11.9
(
1.3)
34.3
(
2.7)
11.8
(
0.4)
8.7
(
0.4)
14.4
(
1.3)
30.3
(
2.7)

1991
..........
12.5
(
0.3)
8.9
(
0.3)
13.6
(
0.9)
35.3
(
1.9)
13.0
(
0.4)
8.9
(
0.4)
13.5
(
1.4)
39.2
(
2.7)
11.9
(
0.4)
8.9
(
0.4)
13.7
(
1.3)
31.1
(
2.7)
1992
3
........
11.0
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.3)
13.7
(
0.9)
29.4
(
1.9)
11.3
(
0.4)
8.0
(
0.4)
12.5
(
1.3)
32.1
(
2.7)
10.7
(
0.4)
7.4
(
0.4)
14.8
(
1.4)
26.6
(
2.6)
1993
3
........
11.0
(
0.3)
7.9
(
0.3)
13.6
(
0.9)
27.5
(
1.8)
11.2
(
0.4)
8.2
(
0.4)
12.6
(
1.3)
28.1
(
2.5)
10.9
(
0.4)
7.6
(
0.4)
14.4
(
1.3)
26.9
(
2.5)
1994
3
........
11.4
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.3)
12.6
(
0.8)
30.0
(
1.2)
12.3
(
0.4)
8.0
(
0.4)
14.1
(
1.1)
31.6
(
1.6)
10.6
(
0.4)
7.5
(
0.4)
11.3
(
1.0)
28.1
(
1.7)
1995
3
........
12.0
(
0.3)
8.6
(
0.3)
12.1
(
0.7)
30.0
(
1.1)
12.2
(
0.4)
9.0
(
0.4)
11.1
(
1.0)
30.0
(
1.6)
11.7
(
0.4)
8.2
(
0.4)
12.9
(
1.1)
30.0
(
1.7)

1996
3
........
11.1
(
0.3)
7.3
(
0.3)
13.0
(
0.8)
29.4
(
1.2)
11.4
(
0.4)
7.3
(
0.4)
13.5
(
1.2)
30.3
(
1.7)
10.9
(
0.4)
7.3
(
0.4)
12.5
(
1.1)
28.3
(
1.7)
1997
3
........
11.0
(
0.3)
7.6
(
0.3)
13.4
(
0.8)
25.3
(
1.1)
11.9
(
0.4)
8.5
(
0.4)
13.3
(
1.2)
27.0
(
1.6)
10.1
(
0.4)
6.7
(
0.4)
13.5
(
1.1)
23.4
(
1.6)
1998
3
........
11.8
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.3)
13.8
(
0.8)
29.5
(
1.1)
13.3
(
0.4)
8.6
(
0.4)
15.5
(
1.2)
33.5
(
1.6)
10.3
(
0.4)
6.9
(
0.4)
12.2
(
1.1)
25.0
(
1.6)
1999
3
........
11.2
(
0.3)
7.3
(
0.3)
12.6
(
0.8)
28.6
(
1.1)
11.9
(
0.4)
7.7
(
0.4)
12.1
(
1.1)
31.0
(
1.6)
10.5
(
0.4)
6.9
(
0.4)
13.0
(
1.1)
26.0
(
1.5)
2000
3
........
10.9
(
0.3)
6.9
(
0.3)
13.1
(
0.8)
27.8
(
1.1)
12.0
(
0.4)
7.0
(
0.4)
15.3
(
1.2)
31.8
(
1.6)
9.9
(
0.4)
6.9
(
0.4)
11.1
(
1.0)
23.5
(
1.5)

 
Not
available.
1
Based
on
the
April
1960
decennial
census.
2
White
and
black
include
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
3
Because
of
changes
in
data
collection
procedures,
data
may
not
be
comparable
with
figures
for
earlier
years.

NOTE:
``
Status''
dropouts
are
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
who
are
not
enrolled
in
school
and
who
have
not
completed
a
high
school
program
regardless
of
when
they
left
school.
People
who
have
received
GED
credentials
are
counted
as
high
school
completers.
All
data
except
for
1960
are
based
on
October
counts.
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutionalized
population.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
tabulations;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Dropout
Rates
in
the
United
States.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
131
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DROPOUTS
Table
109.
 
Percent
of
high
school
dropouts
(
status
dropouts)
among
persons
16
to
24
years
old,
by
income
level,
and
distribution
of
dropouts
by
labor
force
status
and
educational
attainment:
October
1970
to
October
2000
Year
Dropout
rate
of
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
Dropout
rate
of
16­
to
24­
year­
olds,
by
family
income
quartile
Distribution
of
dropouts,
by
labor
force
status
Distribution
of
dropouts,
by
years
of
school
completed
Lowest
quartile
Middlelow
quartile
Middlehigh
quartile
Highest
quartile
Total
Employed
1
Unemployed
Not
in
labor
force
Total
Less
than
9
9
10
11
or
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1970
.............
15.0
(
0.3)
28.0
(
0.8)
21.2
(
0.6)
11.7
(
0.5)
5.2
(
0.3)
100.0
49.8
(
1.0)
10.3
(
0.6)
39.9
(
1.0)
100.0
28.5
20.6
26.8
24.0
1971
.............
14.7
(
0.3)
28.8
(
0.8)
20.7
(
0.6)
10.9
(
0.4)
5.1
(
0.3)
100.0
49.5
(
1.0)
10.9
(
0.6)
39.6
(
0.9)
100.0
27.9
21.7
27.8
22.7
1972
.............
14.6
(
0.3)
27.6
(
0.8)
20.8
(
0.6)
10.2
(
0.4)
5.4
(
0.3)
100.0
51.2
(
1.0)
10.2
(
0.6)
38.6
(
0.9)
100.0
27.5
20.8
29.0
22.7
1973
.............
14.1
(
0.3)
28.0
(
0.8)
19.6
(
0.6)
9.9
(
0.4)
4.9
(
0.3)
100.0
53.2
(
1.0)
9.2
(
0.6)
37.5
(
0.9)
100.0
26.5
20.9
27.4
25.3
1974
.............
14.3
(
0.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
51.8
(
0.9)
12.3
(
0.6)
35.9
(
0.9)
100.0
25.4
20.1
28.7
25.8
1975
.............
13.9
(
0.3)
28.8
(
0.8)
18.0
(
0.5)
10.2
(
0.4)
5.0
(
0.3)
100.0
46.0
(
0.9)
15.6
(
0.7)
38.4
(
0.9)
100.0
23.5
21.1
27.5
27.9
1976
.............
14.1
(
0.3)
28.1
(
0.7)
19.2
(
0.6)
10.1
(
0.4)
4.9
(
0.3)
100.0
48.8
(
0.9)
16.0
(
0.7)
35.2
(
0.9)
100.0
24.3
20.1
27.8
27.8
1977
.............
14.1
(
0.3)
28.5
(
0.7)
19.0
(
0.6)
10.4
(
0.4)
4.5
(
0.3)
100.0
52.9
(
0.9)
13.6
(
0.6)
33.6
(
0.9)
100.0
24.3
21.7
27.3
26.6
1978
.............
14.2
(
0.3)
28.2
(
0.7)
18.9
(
0.6)
10.5
(
0.4)
5.5
(
0.3)
100.0
54.3
(
0.9)
12.4
(
0.6)
33.3
(
0.9)
100.0
22.9
20.2
28.2
28.8
1979
.............
14.6
(
0.3)
28.1
(
0.7)
18.5
(
0.6)
11.5
(
0.4)
5.6
(
0.3)
100.0
54.0
(
0.9)
12.7
(
0.6)
33.3
(
0.9)
100.0
22.6
21.0
28.6
27.8
1980
.............
14.1
(
0.3)
27.0
(
0.7)
18.1
(
0.6)
10.7
(
0.4)
5.7
(
0.3)
100.0
50.4
(
0.9)
17.0
(
0.7)
32.6
(
0.9)
100.0
23.6
19.7
29.8
27.0
1981
.............
13.9
(
0.3)
26.4
(
0.7)
17.8
(
0.5)
11.1
(
0.4)
5.2
(
0.3)
100.0
49.8
(
0.9)
18.3
(
0.7)
31.9
(
0.9)
100.0
24.3
18.6
30.2
26.9
1982
.............
13.9
(
0.3)
27.2
(
0.7)
18.3
(
0.6)
10.2
(
0.4)
4.4
(
0.3)
100.0
45.2
(
1.0)
21.1
(
0.8)
33.7
(
0.9)
100.0
22.9
20.8
28.8
27.6
1983
.............
13.7
(
0.3)
26.5
(
0.7)
17.8
(
0.6)
10.5
(
0.5)
4.1
(
0.3)
100.0
48.4
(
1.0)
18.2
(
0.8)
33.4
(
0.9)
100.0
23.0
19.3
28.8
28.8
1984
.............
13.1
(
0.3)
25.9
(
0.7)
16.5
(
0.6)
9.9
(
0.4)
3.8
(
0.3)
100.0
49.7
(
1.0)
17.3
(
0.8)
32.9
(
1.0)
100.0
23.6
21.4
27.5
27.5
1985
.............
12.6
(
0.3)
27.1
(
0.7)
14.7
(
0.6)
8.3
(
0.4)
4.0
(
0.3)
100.0
50.1
(
1.1)
17.5
(
0.8)
32.4
(
1.0)
100.0
23.9
21.0
27.9
27.2
1986
.............
12.2
(
0.3)
25.4
(
0.7)
14.8
(
0.6)
8.0
(
0.4)
3.4
(
0.3)
100.0
51.1
(
1.1)
16.4
(
0.8)
32.5
(
1.0)
100.0
25.4
21.5
25.7
27.4
1987
.............
12.6
(
0.3)
25.5
(
0.7)
16.6
(
0.6)
8.0
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.3)
100.0
52.4
(
1.1)
13.6
(
0.7)
34.0
(
1.0)
100.0
25.9
20.7
26.0
27.5
1988
.............
12.9
(
0.3)
27.2
(
0.8)
15.4
(
0.6)
8.2
(
0.5)
3.4
(
0.3)
100.0
52.9
(
1.2)
32.4
(
1.1)
14.7
(
0.8)
100.0
28.9
19.3
25.1
26.8
1989
.............
12.6
(
0.3)
25.0
(
0.8)
16.2
(
0.7)
8.7
(
0.5)
3.3
(
0.3)
100.0
53.2
(
1.2)
13.8
(
0.8)
33.0
(
1.1)
100.0
29.4
20.8
24.9
25.0
1990
.............
12.1
(
0.3)
24.3
(
0.8)
15.1
(
0.6)
8.7
(
0.5)
2.9
(
0.3)
100.0
52.5
(
1.2)
13.3
(
0.8)
34.2
(
1.1)
100.0
28.6
20.9
24.4
26.1
1991
.............
12.5
(
0.3)
25.9
(
0.8)
15.5
(
0.6)
7.7
(
0.5)
3.0
(
0.3)
100.0
47.5
(
1.2)
15.8
(
0.9)
36.7
(
1.1)
100.0
28.6
20.5
26.1
24.9
1992
2
...........
11.0
(
0.3)
23.4
(
0.7)
12.9
(
0.6)
7.3
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.2)
100.0
47.6
(
1.3)
15.0
(
0.9)
37.4
(
1.2)
100.0
21.6
17.5
24.4
36.5
1993
2
...........
11.0
(
0.3)
22.9
(
0.7)
12.7
(
0.6)
6.6
(
0.4)
2.9
(
0.3)
100.0
48.7
(
1.3)
12.8
(
0.8)
38.5
(
1.2)
100.0
20.5
16.6
24.1
38.8
1994
2
...........
11.4
(
0.3)
20.7
(
0.7)
13.7
(
0.6)
8.7
(
0.5)
4.9
(
0.3)
100.0
49.5
(
1.2)
13.0
(
0.8)
37.5
(
1.2)
100.0
23.9
16.2
20.3
39.6
1995
2
...........
12.0
(
0.3)
23.2
(
0.7)
13.8
(
0.6)
8.3
(
0.5)
3.6
(
0.3)
100.0
48.9
(
1.2)
14.2
(
0.8)
37.0
(
1.2)
100.0
22.2
17.0
22.5
38.3
1996
2
...........
11.1
(
0.3)
22.0
(
0.7)
13.6
(
0.6)
7.0
(
0.4)
3.2
(
0.3)
100.0
47.3
(
1.3)
15.0
(
0.9)
37.7
(
1.2)
100.0
20.3
17.7
22.6
39.4
1997
2
...........
11.0
(
0.3)
21.8
(
0.7)
13.5
(
0.6)
6.2
(
0.4)
3.4
(
0.3)
100.0
53.3
(
1.3)
13.2
(
0.9)
33.5
(
1.2)
100.0
19.9
15.7
22.3
42.1
1998
2
...........
11.8
(
0.3)
22.3
(
0.7)
14.9
(
0.6)
7.7
(
0.5)
3.5
(
0.3)
100.0
55.1
(
1.2)
10.3
(
0.7)
34.6
(
1.2)
100.0
21.0
14.9
21.4
42.6
1999
2
...........
11.2
(
0.3)
21.0
(
0.7)
14.3
(
0.6)
7.4
(
0.4)
3.9
(
0.3)
100.0
55.6
(
1.2)
10.0
(
0.7)
34.4
(
1.2)
100.0
22.2
16.3
22.5
39.0
2000
2
...........
10.9
(
0.3)
20.7
(
0.7)
12.8
(
0.6)
8.3
(
0.5)
3.5
(
0.3)
100.0
56.9
(
1.2)
12.3
(
0.8)
30.8
(
1.2)
100.0
21.5
15.3
23.1
40.0
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
persons
employed,
but
not
currently
working.
2
Data
may
not
be
comparable
with
figures
for
earlier
years
because
of
changes
in
data
collection
procedures.

NOTE:
``
Status''
dropouts
are
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
who
are
not
enrolled
in
school
and
who
have
not
completed
a
high
school
program,
regardless
of
when
they
left
school.
People
who
have
received
GED
credentials
are
counted
as
high
school
completers.
Data
are
based
on
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutionalized
population.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
132
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
GRADUATES
Table
110.
 
Students
with
disabilities
exiting
the
educational
system,
by
age,
type
of
disability,
and
basis
of
exit:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
1997
 
98
and
1998
 
99
Student
characteristics
Number
Percent
Graduated
with
diploma
Graduated
with
certificate
Reached
maximum
age
Graduated
with
diploma
Graduated
with
certificate
Reached
maximum
age
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Age
group
14
to
21
(
and
over)
...........................
147,942
147,081
29,909
29,110
4,607
4,853
28.4
29.1
5.7
5.8
0.9
1.0
14
..................................................
73
46
82
52
0
0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
15
..................................................
60
49
52
52
3
1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
16
..................................................
686
526
152
161
6
5
1.0
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
17
..................................................
25,504
25,545
3,088
3,230
19
42
27.0
27.5
3.3
3.5
0.0
0.0
18
..................................................
66,310
68,497
11,397
11,628
166
244
52.9
54.4
9.1
9.2
0.1
0.2
19
..................................................
40,973
40,092
8,464
8,318
119
109
59.6
60.2
12.3
12.5
0.2
0.2
20
..................................................
9,321
8,037
3,630
2,887
527
761
46.5
45.9
18.1
16.5
2.6
1.4
21
(
and
over)
................................
5,015
4,289
3,044
2,782
3,767
3,691
33.6
31.0
20.4
20.1
25.2
26.7
Type
of
disability
for
14­
to
21­
year­
olds
and
over
All
disabilities
.....................................
147,942
147,081
29,909
29,110
4,607
4,853
28.4
29.1
5.7
5.6
0.9
1.0
Specific
learning
disabilities
.........
100,138
99,306
13,692
13,636
763
1,025
33.1
33.5
4.5
4.6
0.3
0.3
Mental
retardation
........................
15,292
15,799
10,538
10,261
2,210
2,231
24.8
26.1
17.1
17.0
3.6
3.7
Serious
emotional
disturbance
.....
14,031
13,641
2,180
1,870
407
403
15.6
16.2
2.4
2.2
0.5
0.5
Speech
or
language
impairments
4,137
4,214
525
493
73
103
17.5
19.7
2.2
2.3
0.3
0.5
Multiple
disabilities
.......................
2,061
1,993
937
795
664
555
26.8
27.0
12.2
10.8
8.6
7.5
Other
health
impairments
.............
5,102
5,357
542
624
64
90
30.5
27.6
3.2
3.2
0.4
0.5
Hearing
impairments
....................
2,774
2,554
545
543
68
55
43.3
43.5
8.5
9.2
1.1
0.9
Orthopedic
impairments
...............
2,051
1,797
361
384
125
164
35.7
35.6
6.3
7.6
2.2
3.2
Visual
impairments
.......................
1,166
1,163
171
142
42
37
46.8
50.2
6.9
6.1
1.7
1.6
Autism
...........................................
384
418
268
235
139
139
25.8
27.2
18.0
15.3
9.3
9.0
Deaf­
blindness
..............................
132
49
18
17
17
11
55.7
34.3
7.6
11.9
7.2
7.7
Traumatic
brain
injury
...................
674
790
132
110
35
40
42.3
43.3
8.3
6.0
2.2
2.2
NOTE:
Reached
maximum
age
figures
reflect
an
estimate
of
those
who
were
actually
known
to
have
dropped
out
and
do
not
include
youth
who
simply
stopped
coming
to
school
or
whose
status
was
unknown.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services,
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
111.
 
Postsecondary
education
and
employment
status,
wages
earned,
and
living
arrangements
of
special
education
students
out
of
secondary
school
up
to
3
years,
by
type
of
disability:
1990
Type
of
disability
Percent
in
postsecondary
education
Percent
currently
competitively
employed
Average
annual
total
compensation
Percent
living
independently
1
Academic
Vocational
1
2
3
4
5
6
All
disabilities
2
....................
16.5
14.7
55.0
$
5,524
27.8
Learning
disabled
.....................
18.7
17.8
63.1
6,932
33.9
Serious
emotional
disturbance
15.3
13.3
52.0
5,310
21.1
Speech/
language
impairments
37.0
17.9
58.5
4,389
36.4
Mental
retardation
.....................
2.5
5.7
40.8
3,078
14.8
Visual
impairment
.....................
53.9
14.9
30.3
2,027
39.3
Hard
of
hearing
.........................
35.0
20.0
43.6
2,773
25.9
Deaf
..........................................
28.3
19.9
24.8
1,689
32.3
Orthopedic
impairments
...........
30.9
13.4
26.4
1,636
16.6
Other
health
impairments
.........
35.1
23.5
47.5
4,388
17.2
Multiple
disabilities
....................
8.0
4.0
15.8
778
8.0
1
Living
independently
includes
living
alone,
with
a
spouse
or
roommate,
in
a
college
dormitory,
or
in
military
housing
not
as
a
dependent.
2
All
conditions
includes
youth
in
each
of
the
11
federal
special
education
disability
categories
Percentages
are
reported
separately
only
for
categories
with
at
least
25
youth
in
the
sample.
NOTE:
Data
based
on
students
who
had
been
out
of
school
up
to
3
years
and
had
attended
special
and
regular
schools
in
the
1985
 
86
or
1986
 
87
school
years.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services,
The
Seventeenth
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act,
The
National
Longitudinal
Transition
Study,
1995.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1996.)
133
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
112.
 
Average
student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
age
and
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1971
to
1999
Selected
characteristics
of
students
1971
1975
1980
1984
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
9­
year­
olds
1
Total
..................................................
207.6
(
1.0)
210.0
(
0.7)
215.0
(
1.0)
210.9
(
0.7)
211.8
(
1.1)
209.2
(
1.2)
210.5
(
0.9)
211.0
(
1.2)
212.5
(
1.0)
211.7
(
1.3)

Male
..............................................
201.2
(
1.1)
204.3
(
0.8)
210.0
(
1.1)
207.5
(
0.8)
207.5
(
1.4)
204.0
(
1.7)
205.9
(
1.3)
207.3
(
1.3)
207.0
(
1.4)
208.5
(
1.6)
Female
..........................................
213.9
(
1.0)
215.8
(
0.8)
220.1
(
1.1)
214.2
(
0.8)
216.3
(
1.3)
214.5
(
1.2)
215.4
(
0.9)
214.7
(
1.4)
217.8
(
1.1)
214.8
(
1.5)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....................
214.0
(
0.9)
216.6
(
0.7)
221.3
(
0.8)
218.2
(
0.8)
217.7
(
1.4)
217.0
(
1.3)
217.9
(
1.0)
218.0
(
1.3)
219.6
(
1.2)
221.0
(
1.6)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......................
170.1
(
1.7)
181.2
(
1.2)
189.3
(
1.8)
185.7
(
1.1)
188.5
(
2.4)
181.8
(
2.9)
184.5
(
2.2)
185.4
(
2.3)
190.9
(
2.6)
185.5
(
2.3)
Hispanic
........................................
(
2)
 
182.7
(
2.2)
190.2
(
2.3)
187.2
(
2.1)
193.7
(
3.5)
189.4
(
2.3)
191.7
(
3.1)
185.9
(
3.9)
194.8
(
3.4)
193.0
(
2.7)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
188.6
(
1.5)
189.9
(
1.3)
194.3
(
1.6)
195.1
(
1.4)
192.5
(
4.9)
192.6
(
3.2)
194.9
(
4.5)
189.1
(
4.0)
197.3
(
3.4)
199.1
(
3.9)
Graduated
high
school
.................
207.8
(
1.2)
211.3
(
0.9)
213.0
(
1.3)
208.9
(
1.0)
210.8
(
2.2)
209.1
(
1.8)
207.4
(
1.5)
207.1
(
2.6)
206.8
(
2.0)
206.2
(
2.0)
Post
high
school
...........................
223.9
(
1.1)
221.5
(
0.9)
226.0
(
1.1)
222.9
(
0.9)
220.0
(
1.7)
217.7
(
2.0)
219.5
(
1.4)
221.0
(
1.3)
219.4
(
1.4)
219.7
(
1.7)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
 
 
213.5
(
1.1)
209.4
(
0.8)
210.2
(
1.2)
207.5
(
1.4)
208.6
(
1.0)
209.4
(
1.4)
210.2
(
1.0)
209.9
(
1.3)
Private
..........................................
 
 
 
 
227.0
(
1.8)
222.8
(
1.6)
223.4
(
3.0)
228.3
(
3.3)
224.7
(
2.3)
225.0
(
2.7)
226.6
(
3.0)
225.7
(
3.3)
Region
Northeast
......................................
213.0
(
1.7)
214.8
(
1.3)
221.1
(
2.1)
215.7
(
1.7)
215.2
(
2.6)
217.4
(
2.2)
217.6
(
2.6)
217.4
(
2.9)
220.0
(
1.8)
222.0
(
3.5)
Southeast
.....................................
193.9
(
2.9)
201.1
(
1.2)
210.3
(
2.3)
204.3
(
1.6)
207.2
(
2.1)
197.4
(
3.2)
199.3
(
2.0)
208.4
(
3.0)
206.0
(
2.8)
205.0
(
2.3)
Central
..........................................
214.9
(
1.2)
215.5
(
1.2)
216.7
(
1.4)
215.3
(
1.5)
218.2
(
2.2)
212.7
(
2.0)
215.8
(
1.6)
214.3
(
2.3)
215.0
(
2.6)
215.0
(
3.9)
West
.............................................
205.0
(
2.0)
207.0
(
2.0)
212.8
(
1.8)
207.8
(
1.5)
207.9
(
2.6)
209.6
(
2.8)
209.3
(
2.3)
205.1
(
2.8)
210.0
(
1.9)
206.0
(
1.8)

13­
year­
olds
1
Total
..................................................
255.2
(
0.9)
255.9
(
0.8)
258.5
(
0.9)
257.1
(
0.5)
257.5
(
1.0)
256.8
(
0.8)
259.8
(
1.2)
257.9
(
0.9)
257.9
(
1.0)
259.4
(
1.0)

Male
..............................................
249.6
(
1.0)
249.6
(
0.8)
254.3
(
1.1)
252.6
(
0.6)
251.8
(
1.3)
250.5
(
1.1)
254.1
(
1.7)
250.6
(
1.2)
251.1
(
1.2)
253.5
(
1.3)
Female
..........................................
260.8
(
0.9)
262.3
(
0.9)
262.6
(
0.9)
261.7
(
0.6)
263.0
(
1.0)
263.1
(
1.1)
265.3
(
1.2)
265.7
(
1.2)
264.3
(
1.2)
265.2
(
1.2)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....................
260.9
(
0.7)
262.1
(
0.7)
264.4
(
0.7)
262.6
(
0.6)
261.3
(
1.1)
262.3
(
0.9)
266.4
(
1.2)
265.1
(
1.1)
265.9
(
1.0)
266.7
(
1.2)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......................
222.4
(
1.2)
225.7
(
1.2)
232.8
(
1.5)
236.3
(
1.0)
242.9
(
2.4)
241.5
(
2.2)
237.6
(
2.3)
234.3
(
2.4)
234.0
(
2.6)
238.2
(
2.4)
Hispanic
........................................
(
2)
 
232.5
(
3.0)
237.2
(
2.0)
239.6
(
1.7)
240.1
(
3.5)
237.8
(
2.3)
239.2
(
3.5)
235.1
(
1.9)
238.3
(
2.9)
243.8
(
2.9)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
238.4
(
1.3)
238.7
(
1.2)
238.5
(
1.1)
240.0
(
0.9)
246.5
(
2.1)
240.8
(
1.8)
239.2
(
2.6)
236.7
(
2.4)
239.3
(
2.8)
237.9
(
3.4)
Graduated
high
school
.................
255.5
(
0.8)
254.6
(
0.7)
253.5
(
0.9)
253.4
(
0.7)
252.7
(
1.2)
251.4
(
0.9)
252.1
(
1.7)
251.4
(
1.4)
250.9
(
1.5)
251.4
(
1.8)
Post
high
school
...........................
270.2
(
0.8)
269.8
(
0.8)
270.9
(
0.8)
267.6
(
0.7)
265.3
(
1.4)
266.9
(
1.0)
269.9
(
1.4)
268.5
(
1.2)
268.7
(
1.2)
269.6
(
1.1)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
 
 
256.9
(
1.1)
255.2
(
0.6)
256.1
(
1.0)
255.0
(
0.8)
257.2
(
1.3)
255.6
(
1.0)
256.0
(
1.1)
256.9
(
1.4)
Private
..........................................
 
 
 
 
270.6
(
1.5)
271.2
(
1.7)
268.3
(
2.8)
269.7
(
2.9)
276.3
(
2.6)
275.8
(
3.4)
273.0
(
3.4)
276.4
(
3.4)
Region
Northeast
......................................
261.1
(
2.0)
258.5
(
1.8)
260.0
(
1.8)
260.4
(
0.6)
258.6
(
2.4)
258.9
(
1.8)
264.6
(
3.2)
269.0
(
2.0)
259.0
(
2.6)
263.0
(
2.9)
Southeast
.....................................
244.7
(
1.7)
249.3
(
1.5)
252.6
(
1.6)
256.4
(
1.5)
257.6
(
2.2)
255.5
(
2.2)
253.8
(
2.5)
252.7
(
2.5)
251.0
(
3.3)
254.0
(
2.4)
Central
..........................................
260.1
(
1.8)
261.5
(
1.4)
264.5
(
1.4)
258.8
(
1.0)
255.9
(
2.0)
257.4
(
1.5)
263.5
(
3.0)
259.3
(
3.3)
267.0
(
1.8)
261.0
(
1.9)
West
.............................................
253.6
(
1.3)
253.2
(
1.7)
256.4
(
2.0)
253.8
(
0.9)
257.9
(
2.1)
255.6
(
1.6)
257.5
(
1.6)
252.9
(
2.1)
257.0
(
1.7)
259.0
(
2.2)

17­
year­
olds
1
Total
..................................................
285.2
(
1.2)
285.6
(
0.8)
285.5
(
1.2)
288.8
(
0.6)
290.1
(
1.0)
290.2
(
1.1)
289.7
(
1.1)
288.1
(
1.3)
287.6
(
1.1)
287.8
(
1.3)

Male
..............................................
278.9
(
1.2)
279.7
(
1.0)
281.8
(
1.3)
283.8
(
0.6)
286.0
(
1.5)
284.0
(
1.6)
284.2
(
1.6)
281.7
(
2.2)
280.6
(
1.3)
281.5
(
1.6)
Female
..........................................
291.3
(
1.3)
291.2
(
1.0)
289.2
(
1.2)
293.9
(
0.8)
293.8
(
1.5)
296.5
(
1.2)
295.7
(
1.1)
294.7
(
1.5)
295.1
(
1.2)
294.6
(
1.4)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....................
291.4
(
1.0)
293.0
(
0.6)
292.8
(
0.9)
295.2
(
0.7)
294.7
(
1.2)
296.6
(
1.2)
297.4
(
1.4)
295.7
(
1.5)
295.1
(
1.2)
294.6
(
1.4)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......................
238.7
(
1.7)
240.6
(
2.0)
243.1
(
1.8)
264.3
(
1.0)
274.4
(
2.4)
267.3
(
2.3)
260.6
(
2.1)
266.2
(
3.9)
266.1
(
2.7)
263.9
(
1.7)
Hispanic
........................................
(
2)
 
252.4
(
3.6)
261.4
(
2.7)
268.1
(
2.2)
270.8
(
4.3)
274.8
(
3.6)
271.2
(
3.7)
263.2
(
4.9)
265.4
(
4.1)
270.7
(
3.9)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
261.3
(
1.5)
262.5
(
1.3)
262.1
(
1.5)
269.4
(
1.1)
267.4
(
2.0)
269.7
(
2.8)
270.8
(
3.9)
267.9
(
2.7)
267.3
(
3.2)
264.8
(
3.6)
Graduated
high
school
.................
283.0
(
1.2)
281.4
(
1.1)
277.5
(
1.0)
281.2
(
0.7)
282.0
(
1.3)
282.9
(
1.4)
280.5
(
1.6)
276.1
(
1.9)
273.4
(
1.7)
273.9
(
2.1)
Post
high
school
...........................
302.2
(
1.0)
300.6
(
0.7)
298.9
(
1.0)
301.2
(
0.7)
299.5
(
1.3)
299.9
(
1.1)
298.6
(
1.4)
298.5
(
1.4)
297.7
(
1.2)
297.5
(
1.2)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
 
 
284.4
(
1.2)
287.2
(
0.6)
288.7
(
1.0)
288.6
(
1.1)
287.8
(
1.0)
286.0
(
1.5)
287.0
(
1.1)
285.6
(
1.3)
Private
..........................................
 
 
 
 
298.4
(
2.7)
303.0
(
2.0)
299.6
(
3.8)
311.0
(
4.2)
309.6
(
4.2)
306.1
(
5.8)
294.2
(
5.7)
307.2
(
3.5)
Region
Northeast
......................................
291.3
(
2.8)
289.1
(
1.7)
285.9
(
2.4)
292.2
(
1.9)
294.8
(
2.9)
295.7
(
1.8)
297.3
(
3.2)
296.8
(
4.2)
292.0
(
2.8)
295.0
(
4.0)
Southeast
.....................................
270.5
(
2.4)
276.5
(
1.4)
280.1
(
2.2)
284.7
(
1.6)
285.5
(
2.1)
285.1
(
2.5)
278.4
(
2.9)
283.5
(
2.8)
279.0
(
2.6)
279.0
(
2.4)
Central
..........................................
290.7
(
2.1)
291.8
(
1.4)
287.4
(
2.2)
290.0
(
1.4)
291.2
(
1.9)
293.5
(
2.4)
293.8
(
2.1)
285.7
(
3.7)
293.0
(
2.1)
292.0
(
1.5)
West
.............................................
283.7
(
1.8)
281.6
(
1.9)
287.3
(
2.1)
288.4
(
1.1)
289.0
(
1.8)
286.8
(
2.6)
290.4
(
2.3)
287.8
(
2.8)
287.0
(
2.4)
286.0
(
3.0)

 
Not
available.
1
Excludes
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.
2
Test
scores
of
Hispanics
were
not
tabulated
separately.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
A
score
of
300
implies
an
ability
to
find,
understand,
summarize,
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material.
A
score
of
250
implies
an
ability
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.
A
score
of
200
implies
an
ability
to
understand,
combine
ideas,
and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information.
A
score
of
150
implies
an
ability
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple,
discrete
reading
tasks.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
134
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
113.
 
Student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
percentile,
age,
and
sex:
1971
to
1999
Percentile
1971
1975
1980
1984
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
9­
year­
olds
Average
.................................................................
207.6
(
1.0)
210.0
(
0.7)
215.0
(
1.0)
210.9
(
0.7)
211.8
(
1.1)
209.2
(
1.2)
210.5
(
0.9)
211.0
(
1.2)
212.5
(
1.0)
211.7
(
1.3)
208.5
(
1.6)
214.8
(
1.5)

Standard
deviation
.................................................
42.1
(
0.4)
38.6
(
0.3)
37.9
(
0.4)
41.1
(
0.4)
41.2
(
1.0)
44.7
(
0.8)
40.3
(
0.6)
40.5
(
0.8)
39.0
(
0.8)
39.1
(
0.7)
40.6
(
0.9)
37.5
(
0.9)

Percentiles
5th
......................................................................
134.8
(
2.0)
143.2
(
1.3)
148.5
(
1.6)
140.5
(
1.2)
141.9
(
3.6)
134.8
(
3.2)
140.7
(
1.6)
140.1
(
2.6)
144.6
(
2.4)
143.4
(
1.3)
138.8
(
1.6)
149.7
(
3.1)

10th
....................................................................
151.6
(
1.6)
159.2
(
1.1)
165.1
(
1.4)
156.7
(
1.2)
156.7
(
2.1)
150.1
(
1.9)
156.0
(
1.5)
155.6
(
2.5)
159.7
(
2.1)
158.3
(
1.4)
152.9
(
2.3)
164.2
(
2.6)

25th
....................................................................
180.0
(
1.3)
185.2
(
0.8)
191.1
(
1.2)
183.7
(
1.2)
184.3
(
1.8)
178.7
(
1.8)
183.1
(
1.5)
184.1
(
1.9)
186.1
(
1.3)
185.0
(
2.0)
180.3
(
1.8)
189.3
(
1.6)

50th
....................................................................
209.3
(
1.0)
211.9
(
0.8)
217.2
(
0.9)
212.6
(
1.0)
213.7
(
1.4)
210.3
(
1.5)
213.6
(
0.9)
214.8
(
1.1)
215.4
(
1.2)
214.8
(
1.7)
211.5
(
2.3)
218.0
(
2.7)

75th
....................................................................
236.7
(
1.0)
236.5
(
0.9)
241.3
(
1.0)
239.6
(
0.9)
240.1
(
1.3)
240.3
(
1.8)
239.3
(
1.2)
240.0
(
1.5)
240.3
(
1.0)
239.4
(
1.4)
237.1
(
2.1)
241.4
(
1.6)

90th
....................................................................
260.5
(
0.8)
258.1
(
0.8)
261.7
(
1.1)
262.8
(
0.9)
263.0
(
1.7)
265.7
(
1.8)
259.9
(
1.2)
260.1
(
1.6)
259.7
(
1.0)
259.3
(
1.1)
258.4
(
3.0)
259.9
(
2.7)

95th
....................................................................
274.1
(
0.9)
270.6
(
0.1)
273.3
(
1.6)
276.5
(
1.4)
277.5
(
2.0)
280.4
(
1.3)
272.1
(
1.2)
271.7
(
1.5)
271.8
(
1.3)
272.3
(
2.3)
271.8
(
3.4)
272.6
(
2.0)

13­
year­
olds
Average
.................................................................
255.2
(
0.9)
255.9
(
0.8)
258.5
(
0.9)
257.1
(
0.6)
257.5
(
1.0)
256.8
(
0.8)
259.8
(
1.2)
257.9
(
0.9)
257.9
(
1.0)
259.4
(
1.0)
253.5
(
1.3)
265.2
(
1.2)

Standard
deviation
.................................................
35.7
(
0.4)
35.8
(
0.3)
34.9
(
0.4)
35.5
(
0.3)
34.7
(
0.5)
36.0
(
0.6)
39.4
(
0.8)
39.8
(
0.7)
39.1
(
0.9)
38.4
(
0.8)
38.9
(
1.1)
37.0
(
1.0)

Percentiles
5th
......................................................................
192.8
(
1.8)
193.5
(
1.1)
199.1
(
1.9)
196.7
(
1.1)
199.5
(
1.7)
195.7
(
1.9)
190.9
(
2.8)
188.2
(
4.9)
189.1
(
2.3)
193.4
(
2.6)
186.3
(
3.6)
203.0
(
3.0)

10th
....................................................................
207.8
(
1.4)
208.7
(
1.0)
212.8
(
1.5)
210.2
(
0.9)
212.9
(
1.2)
209.8
(
1.8)
207.9
(
1.9)
205.1
(
1.7)
206.4
(
2.1)
209.2
(
1.6)
201.4
(
1.9)
217.5
(
2.4)

25th
....................................................................
232.3
(
1.2)
232.9
(
1.0)
235.3
(
1.1)
233.9
(
0.8)
234.2
(
1.2)
233.2
(
1.0)
234.7
(
1.8)
232.5
(
1.2)
233.1
(
1.5)
234.2
(
1.1)
227.4
(
2.0)
240.4
(
1.2)

50th
....................................................................
257.0
(
1.0)
257.7
(
0.9)
259.6
(
0.8)
258.2
(
0.8)
257.9
(
1.1)
257.3
(
0.9)
261.6
(
1.6)
260.1
(
1.1)
260.1
(
0.9)
261.0
(
1.5)
255.2
(
1.4)
266.3
(
1.5)

75th
....................................................................
279.9
(
0.8)
280.6
(
0.8)
282.8
(
0.8)
281.6
(
0.6)
281.4
(
1.4)
281.5
(
0.8)
287.0
(
1.4)
285.2
(
1.1)
284.8
(
0.8)
285.8
(
1.6)
281.1
(
2.4)
290.7
(
2.6)

90th
....................................................................
299.6
(
0.9)
300.5
(
1.0)
302.3
(
0.8)
301.7
(
0.8)
301.6
(
1.0)
302.0
(
1.0)
309.2
(
1.8)
307.4
(
1.4)
306.1
(
1.4)
308.2
(
2.4)
302.3
(
2.3)
312.3
(
2.1)

95th
....................................................................
310.8
(
0.9)
311.8
(
1.0)
313.9
(
0.8)
313.7
(
1.0)
313.7
(
1.3)
314.4
(
1.3)
321.9
(
2.6)
320.3
(
1.4)
319.3
(
1.8)
320.1
(
1.2)
313.7
(
1.7)
324.9
(
2.0)

17­
year­
olds
Average
.................................................................
285.2
(
1.2)
285.6
(
0.8)
285.5
(
1.2)
288.8
(
0.8)
290.1
(
1.0)
290.2
(
1.1)
289.7
(
1.1)
288.1
(
1.3)
287.6
(
1.1)
287.8
(
1.3)
281.5
(
1.6)
294.6
(
1.4)

Standard
deviation
.................................................
45.8
(
0.5)
44.0
(
0.6)
41.8
(
0.6)
40.3
(
0.3)
37.1
(
0.7)
41.3
(
0.7)
43.0
(
0.6)
44.4
(
1.0)
42.2
(
0.8)
41.8
(
0.8)
42.8
(
1.2)
39.6
(
0.8)

Percentiles
5th
......................................................................
206.1
(
1.5)
209.3
(
3.0)
213.0
(
1.7)
219.9
(
1.3)
226.1
(
1.3)
220.0
(
2.3)
214.3
(
2.9)
210.8
(
3.6)
214.1
(
2.5)
215.0
(
4.5)
206.8
(
3.2)
228.7
(
5.7)

10th
....................................................................
225.3
(
1.7)
228.4
(
1.7)
230.6
(
1.8)
236.0
(
0.9)
241.5
(
2.2)
236.9
(
3.1)
232.7
(
2.7)
230.0
(
3.1)
232.0
(
1.7)
233.1
(
3.7)
224.5
(
2.3)
244.4
(
1.9)

25th
....................................................................
255.9
(
1.6)
257.8
(
1.1)
258.7
(
1.2)
262.5
(
1.1)
265.7
(
1.8)
263.5
(
1.3)
262.6
(
1.1)
259.8
(
1.8)
259.9
(
1.1)
260.7
(
2.2)
253.0
(
2.2)
268.4
(
1.6)

50th
....................................................................
287.7
(
1.4)
287.9
(
0.7)
287.5
(
1.4)
290.3
(
0.9)
291.1
(
1.9)
291.1
(
1.3)
293.0
(
1.2)
289.9
(
1.8)
288.9
(
1.9)
289.2
(
1.8)
283.2
(
1.6)
295.3
(
1.6)

75th
....................................................................
316.7
(
1.0)
315.7
(
0.7)
314.6
(
1.2)
316.8
(
0.9)
316.0
(
1.4)
318.6
(
1.5)
319.4
(
1.4)
318.7
(
1.8)
316.4
(
1.6)
316.4
(
1.2)
311.2
(
1.9)
321.6
(
1.9)

90th
....................................................................
341.7
(
1.1)
340.0
(
0.9)
337.5
(
1.4)
339.6
(
0.7)
336.9
(
2.1)
342.7
(
2.1)
342.7
(
1.8)
343.0
(
1.8)
341.0
(
1.7)
340.6
(
2.2)
335.3
(
2.6)
345.4
(
2.9)

95th
....................................................................
356.5
(
1.5)
354.3
(
0.7)
350.9
(
1.3)
352.6
(
1.0)
348.7
(
1.8)
356.0
(
1.7)
355.8
(
1.9)
357.7
(
1.7)
355.1
(
2.6)
355.1
(
1.7)
350.3
(
6.4)
359.1
(
3.0)

NOTE:
All
age
groups
exclude
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
A
score
of
300
implies
an
ability
to
find,
understand,
summarize,
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material
A
score
of
250
implies
an
ability
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.
A
score
of
200
implies
an
ability
to
understand,
combine
ideas,

and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information.
A
score
of
150
implies
an
ability
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple,
discrete
reading
tasks.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Some
data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
135
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
114.
 
Student
proficiency
in
reading,
by
age,
amount
of
time
spent
on
homework,
and
reading
habits:
1984,
1994,
1996,
and
1999
Time
spent
on
homework
and
reading
habits
9­
year­
olds
13­
year­
olds
17­
year­
olds
1984
1994
1996
1999
1984
1994
1996
1999
1984
1994
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Average
proficiency
Materials
read
a
few
times
a
year
or
more
Poems
...................................................
211
(
1.9)
210
(
2.9)
215
(
2.8)
213
(
2.7)
260
(
1.2)
261
(
2.3)
262
(
2.5)
263
(
1.9)
290
(
1.5)
293
(
2.1)
294
(
2.8)
292
(
2.6)
Plays
.....................................................
211
(
2.5)
207
(
3.0)
214
(
4.1)
211
(
3.7)
260
(
1.3)
263
(
2.1)
262
(
2.4)
264
(
2.3)
290
(
1.7)
294
(
2.4)
293
(
2.3)
294
(
2.7)
Biographies
...........................................
213
(
2.4)
210
(
3.4)
220
(
3.2)
215
(
3.0)
261
(
1.3)
261
(
2.1)
262
(
2.3)
263
(
2.1)
292
(
1.4)
293
(
2.4)
293
(
2.3)
291
(
2.8)
Science
books
.......................................
212
(
1.6)
211
(
2.6)
214
(
2.0)
213
(
2.1)
259
(
1.2)
260
(
2.1)
261
(
2.2)
261
(
1.7)
289
(
1.4)
293
(
2.4)
290
(
2.2)
291
(
2.3)
Books
about
other
times
.......................
211
(
1.7)
211
(
2.6)
213
(
2.3)
213
(
2.5)
259
(
1.1)
260
(
2.2)
262
(
2.2)
262
(
2.1)
289
(
1.4)
293
(
2.3)
292
(
2.8)
292
(
2.0)

Frequency
of
reading
for
fun
Daily
......................................................
214
(
1.1)
215
(
2.3)
213
(
2.0)
215
(
2.4)
264
(
1.4)
272
(
3.2)
269
(
3.3)
272
(
3.2)
297
(
1.5)
302
(
4.2)
302
(
5.2)
301
(
4.9)
Weekly
..................................................
212
(
1.7)
214
(
3.1)
212
(
2.6)
215
(
2.6)
255
(
1.4)
255
(
3.1)
258
(
3.2)
263
(
3.2)
290
(
1.7)
286
(
4.1)
293
(
4.0)
289
(
2.9)
Monthly
..................................................
204
(
3.3)
213
(
5.8)
210
(
5.0)
211
(
4.2)
255
(
2.1)
255
(
5.7)
259
(
4.6)
260
(
3.7)
290
(
1.8)
286
(
4.5)
290
(
5.6)
286
(
4.8)
Yearly
....................................................
197
(
4.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
252
(
3.6)
252
(
5.4)
 
 
253
(
4.4)
279
(
2.7)
281
(
8.2)
285
(
5.6)
283
(
4.4)
Never
.....................................................
198
(
2.7)
193
(
3.9)
199
(
4.3)
195
(
3.3)
239
(
2.5)
237
(
5.1)
236
(
4.8)
242
(
5.3)
269
(
2.4)
258
(
5.2)
270
(
5.0)
262
(
5.0)

Reading
of
books,
newspapers,
and
magazines
Yearly/
monthly
......................................
207
(
1.6)
206
(
3.8)
208
(
3.1)
209
(
2.9)
244
(
1.7)
245
(
3.7)
249
(
3.4)
252
(
2.9)
270
(
2.0)
279
(
4.0)
275
(
4.5)
276
(
3.8)
Weekly
..................................................
219
(
2.5)
216
(
3.7)
221
(
4.7)
220
(
3.5)
261
(
1.6)
262
(
2.6)
262
(
3.0)
261
(
3.3)
288
(
1.5)
295
(
2.8)
294
(
3.2)
292
(
2.2)
Daily
......................................................
211
(
3.8)
 
 
 
 
214
(
6.3)
269
(
2.2)
275
(
3.9)
270
(
3.4)
271
(
4.0)
299
(
1.9)
296
(
4.0)
295
(
4.8)
299
(
6.5)

Time
spent
on
homework
None
......................................................
212
(
0.9)
213
(
2.0)
210
(
1.9)
210
(
1.9)
254
(
0.8)
250
(
1.7)
254
(
1.3)
251
(
2.0)
276
(
0.7)
273
(
2.3)
274
(
1.9)
275
(
2.3)
Didn't
do
assignment
............................
199
(
2.1)
200
(
4.3)
196
(
5.2)
204
(
4.4)
247
(
1.7)
243
(
5.6)
249
(
3.3)
249
(
4.2)
287
(
1.2)
285
(
2.1)
281
(
2.2)
282
(
3.1)
Less
than
1
hour
...................................
217
(
0.7)
212
(
1.4)
215
(
1.0)
214
(
1.5)
261
(
0.6)
261
(
1.3)
258
(
1.6)
262
(
1.2)
290
(
0.8)
288
(
1.6)
289
(
1.5)
291
(
2.3)
1
to
2
hours
...........................................
216
(
1.3)
214
(
3.0)
219
(
2.1)
215
(
3.2)
266
(
0.7)
268
(
1.7)
266
(
1.6)
269
(
1.6)
296
(
0.8)
297
(
1.7)
296
(
2.1)
296
(
2.0)
More
than
2
hours
................................
201
(
1.8)
193
(
6.1)
199
(
4.5)
197
(
3.5)
265
(
1.2)
270
(
2.4)
268
(
2.3)
269
(
3.0)
303
(
1.1)
306
(
3.1)
307
(
3.4)
300
(
2.8)

Percent
Materials
read
a
few
times
a
year
or
more
Poems
...................................................
70
(
1.5)
62
(
2.3)
60
(
1.9)
64
(
2.4)
68
(
1.3)
79
(
1.4)
80
(
1.9)
77
(
1.6)
76
(
1.1)
85
(
2.2)
80
(
1.8)
85
(
2.0)
Plays
.....................................................
56
(
1.4)
45
(
2.2)
42
(
2.3)
44
(
2.2)
59
(
1.4)
63
(
2.3)
67
(
2.1)
61
(
1.8)
63
(
1.0)
70
(
2.1)
67
(
1.6)
72
(
2.0)
Biographies
...........................................
45
(
1.5)
47
(
2.1)
46
(
2.4)
49
(
3.0)
62
(
1.3)
68
(
1.7)
65
(
2.6)
72
(
2.1)
59
(
1.2)
69
(
1.8)
66
(
1.7)
70
(
1.9)
Science
books
.......................................
84
(
1.3)
87
(
1.8)
83
(
2.2)
80
(
1.6)
90
(
1.1)
92
(
1.4)
90
(
1.9)
89
(
1.2)
70
(
1.1)
84
(
1.9)
82
(
2.0)
84
(
1.3)
Books
about
other
times
.......................
79
(
1.2)
79
(
2.0)
78
(
1.6)
79
(
1.9)
83
(
1.1)
83
(
1.8)
84
(
1.8)
84
(
1.3)
81
(
0.9)
82
(
2.0)
81
(
1.9)
81
(
2.0)

Frequency
of
reading
for
fun
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
Daily
......................................................
53
(
1.0)
58
(
1.6)
54
(
1.9)
54
(
1.6)
35
(
1.0)
32
(
1.8)
32
(
1.9)
28
(
1.7)
31
(
0.8)
30
(
2.6)
23
(
2.0)
25
(
1.7)
Weekly
..................................................
28
(
0.8)
25
(
1.5)
27
(
1.8)
26
(
1.5)
35
(
1.2)
32
(
2.1)
31
(
2.1)
36
(
1.7)
34
(
1.1)
31
(
1.9)
32
(
2.7)
28
(
2.7)
Monthly
..................................................
7
(
0.6)
5
(
0.6)
8
(
1.0)
6
(
0.6)
14
(
0.8)
14
(
1.7)
15
(
1.4)
17
(
1.6)
17
(
0.5)
15
(
1.5)
17
(
1.5)
19
(
1.7)
Yearly
....................................................
3
(
0.3)
3
(
0.6)
3
(
0.5)
4
(
0.7)
7
(
0.5)
10
(
1.2)
9
(
1.2)
10
(
1.2)
10
(
0.5)
12
(
1.5)
12
(
1.6)
12
(
1.4)
Never
.....................................................
9
(
0.5)
9
(
0.8)
8
(
0.8)
10
(
0.8)
8
(
0.6)
12
(
1.7)
13
(
1.5)
9
(
1.4)
9
(
0.6)
12
(
1.4)
16
(
2.1)
16
(
2.4)

Reading
of
books,
newspapers,
and
magazines
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
Yearly/
monthly
......................................
59
(
1.5)
64
(
1.8)
67
(
2.3)
63
(
2.6)
30
(
1.5)
34
(
2.5)
32
(
2.6)
32
(
2.3)
20
(
1.0)
22
(
1.7)
25
(
2.1)
26
(
2.1)
Weekly
..................................................
31
(
1.5)
27
(
1.8)
22
(
1.9)
27
(
2.4)
49
(
1.1)
47
(
2.5)
47
(
2.2)
49
(
2.2)
53
(
1.2)
55
(
2.3)
52
(
2.6)
52
(
2.2)
Daily
......................................................
11
(
0.9)
9
(
1.3)
10
(
1.2)
11
(
1.2)
21
(
1.1)
19
(
1.7)
21
(
1.7)
19
(
1.9)
27
(
1.3)
23
(
1.8)
23
(
1.9)
21
(
2.1)

Time
spent
on
homework
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
None
......................................................
36
(
1.3)
32
(
2.1)
26
(
1.6)
26
(
1.6)
23
(
0.8)
23
(
1.4)
22
(
1.8)
24
(
1.2)
22
(
0.9)
23
(
1.4)
23
(
1.4)
26
(
1.0)
Didn't
do
assignment
............................
4
(
0.3)
4
(
0.4)
4
(
0.3)
4
(
0.3)
4
(
0.2)
6
(
0.6)
5
(
0.5)
5
(
0.4)
11
(
0.3)
11
(
0.6)
13
(
0.6)
13
(
0.7)
Less
than
1
hour
...................................
41
(
1.0)
48
(
1.7)
53
(
1.5)
53
(
1.4)
36
(
0.7)
34
(
1.0)
37
(
1.2)
37
(
1.4)
26
(
0.4)
27
(
0.9)
28
(
0.9)
26
(
1.0)
1
to
2
hours
...........................................
13
(
0.5)
12
(
0.7)
13
(
0.7)
12
(
0.7)
29
(
0.5)
28
(
1.0)
27
(
1.2)
26
(
1.0)
27
(
0.5)
26
(
1.2)
24
(
1.0)
23
(
0.8)
More
than
2
hours
................................
6
(
0.2)
4
(
0.4)
4
(
0.3)
5
(
0.5)
9
(
0.3)
9
(
0.7)
8
(
0.9)
8
(
0.8)
13
(
0.6)
13
(
0.9)
11
(
0.7)
12
(
0.9)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
All
age
groups
exclude
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
A
score
of
300
implies
an
ability
to
find,
understand,
summarize
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material
A
score
of
250
implies
an
ability
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.
A
score
of
200
implies
an
ability
to
understand,
combine
ideas,
and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information
A
score
of
150
implies
an
ability
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple
discrete
reading
tasks.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
136
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
115.
 
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
reading
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
age:
1971
to
1999
Sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
level
1971
1975
1980
1984
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
9­
year­
olds
1
Total
Level
150
2
..........................................
90.6
(
0.5)
93.1
(
0.4)
94.6
(
0.4)
92.3
(
0.3)
92.7
(
0.7)
90.1
(
0.9)
92.3
(
0.4)
92.1
(
0.7)
93.5
(
0.6)
93.0
(
0.7)
Level
200
3
..........................................
58.7
(
1.0)
62.1
(
0.8)
67.7
(
1.0)
61.5
(
0.7)
62.6
(
1.3)
58.9
(
1.3)
62.0
(
1.1)
63.3
(
1.4)
64.2
(
1.3)
63.7
(
1.4)
Level
250
4
..........................................
15.6
(
0.6)
14.6
(
0.6)
17.7
(
0.8)
17.2
(
0.6)
17.5
(
1.1)
18.4
(
1.0)
16.2
(
0.8)
16.5
(
1.2)
16.7
(
0.8)
15.9
(
1.0)
Male
Level
150
2
..........................................
87.9
(
0.7)
91.0
(
0.5)
92.9
(
0.5)
90.4
(
0.5)
90.4
(
0.9)
87.9
(
1.4)
90.2
(
0.8)
90.2
(
1.0)
91.6
(
0.8)
91.0
(
1.1)
Level
200
3
..........................................
52.7
(
1.2)
56.2
(
1.0)
62.7
(
1.1)
58.0
(
0.9)
58.4
(
1.8)
53.8
(
1.9)
56.9
(
1.6)
59.2
(
1.5)
58.3
(
2.0)
61.0
(
1.8)
Level
250
4
..........................................
12.0
(
0.6)
11.5
(
0.6)
14.6
(
0.9)
15.9
(
0.7)
15.8
(
1.4)
16.1
(
1.2)
14.2
(
1.0)
15.2
(
1.2)
14.1
(
1.3)
15.0
(
1.3)
Female
Level
150
2
..........................................
93.2
(
0.5)
95.3
(
0.3)
96.4
(
0.4)
94.2
(
0.4)
94.9
(
1.0)
92.4
(
1.1)
94.4
(
0.6)
94.0
(
0.8)
95.3
(
0.6)
95.0
(
0.8)
Level
200
3
..........................................
64.6
(
1.1)
68.1
(
0.8)
72.7
(
1.0)
65.2
(
0.8)
66.9
(
1.4)
64.2
(
1.2)
67.3
(
1.2)
67.3
(
1.9)
69.9
(
1.6)
67.0
(
1.6)
Level
250
4
..........................................
19.2
(
0.8)
17.7
(
0.8)
20.7
(
1.0)
18.4
(
0.7)
19.1
(
1.2)
20.8
(
1.2)
18.2
(
1.1)
17.8
(
1.5)
19.2
(
1.3)
17.0
(
1.3)
White
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
94.0
(
0.4)
96.0
(
0.3)
97.1
(
0.2)
95.4
(
0.3)
95.1
(
0.7)
93.5
(
0.9)
95.8
(
0.5)
95.7
(
0.5)
96.4
(
0.6)
97.0
(
0.4)
Level
200
3
..........................................
65.0
(
1.0)
69.0
(
0.8)
74.2
(
0.7)
68.6
(
0.8)
68.4
(
1.6)
66.0
(
1.4)
69.3
(
1.2)
70.1
(
1.5)
71.4
(
1.5)
73.0
(
1.6)
Level
250
4
..........................................
18.0
(
0.7)
17.4
(
0.7)
21.0
(
0.9)
20.9
(
0.7)
20.3
(
1.5)
22.6
(
1.2)
19.6
(
1.0)
19.7
(
1.5)
20.4
(
1.1)
20.0
(
1.4)
Black
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
69.7
(
1.7)
80.7
(
1.1)
84.9
(
1.4)
81.3
(
1.0)
83.2
(
2.4)
76.9
(
2.7)
79.6
(
2.2)
78.7
(
2.4)
84.5
(
1.9)
82.0
(
2.5)
Level
200
3
..........................................
22.0
(
1.5)
31.6
(
1.5)
41.3
(
1.9)
36.6
(
1.5)
39.4
(
2.9)
33.9
(
3.4)
36.6
(
2.2)
38.3
(
2.8)
41.8
(
3.2)
36.0
(
3.0)
Level
250
4
..........................................
1.6
(
0.5)
2.0
(
0.3)
4.1
(
0.6)
4.5
(
0.5)
5.6
(
1.2)
5.2
(
1.5)
4.6
(
0.8)
4.4
(
1.5)
6.0
(
1.1)
4.0
(
1.1)
Hispanic
Level
150
2
..........................................
 
 
80.8
(
2.5)
84.5
(
1.8)
82.0
(
2.1)
85.6
(
3.5)
83.7
(
1.8)
83.4
(
2.6)
80.4
(
4.6)
85.8
(
2.4)
87.0
(
3.3)
Level
200
3
..........................................
 
 
34.6
(
3.0)
41.6
(
2.6)
39.6
(
2.2)
45.9
(
3.3)
40.9
(
2.7)
43.1
(
3.5)
37.1
(
4.6)
48.0
(
3.8)
44.0
(
3.4)
Level
250
4
..........................................
 
 
2.6
(
0.5)
5.0
(
1.4)
4.3
(
0.6)
8.6
(
2.3)
5.8
(
2.0)
7.2
(
2.3)
6.4
(
1.6)
7.1
(
3.2)
6.0
(
1.7)

13­
year­
olds
1
Total
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.8
(
0.0)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.0)
99.9
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.1)
99.5
(
0.3)
99.3
(
0.2)
99.6
(
0.2)
99.6
(
0.2)
Level
200
3
..........................................
93.0
(
0.5)
93.2
(
0.4)
94.8
(
0.4)
93.9
(
0.3)
94.9
(
0.6)
93.8
(
0.6)
92.7
(
0.7)
91.7
(
0.6)
92.1
(
0.7)
93.2
(
0.7)
Level
250
4
..........................................
57.8
(
1.1)
58.6
(
1.0)
60.7
(
1.1)
59.0
(
0.6)
58.7
(
1.3)
58.7
(
1.0)
61.6
(
1.4)
60.4
(
1.2)
59.9
(
1.3)
60.9
(
1.5)
Level
300
6
..........................................
9.8
(
0.5)
10.2
(
0.5)
11.3
(
0.5)
11.0
(
0.4)
10.9
(
0.8)
11.0
(
0.6)
15.3
(
0.9)
14.1
(
0.8)
13.5
(
1.0)
14.5
(
1.1)
Male
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.6
(
0.1)
99.6
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.2)
99.7
(
0.2)
99.2
(
0.4)
99.1
(
0.3)
99.3
(
0.4)
99.0
(
0.3)
Level
200
3
..........................................
90.7
(
0.7)
90.9
(
0.5)
93.4
(
0.6)
92.2
(
0.4)
92.8
(
1.0)
91.4
(
0.9)
90.4
(
1.1)
88.8
(
1.1)
89.2
(
1.2)
91.0
(
0.9)
Level
250
4
..........................................
51.6
(
1.2)
51.7
(
1.1)
55.9
(
1.2)
54.0
(
0.8)
52.3
(
1.9)
52.4
(
1.5)
55.5
(
2.0)
53.3
(
1.9)
53.4
(
1.6)
55.0
(
1.9)
Level
300
6
..........................................
7.3
(
0.5)
7.0
(
0.4)
9.1
(
0.7)
9.0
(
0.4)
8.6
(
0.9)
7.6
(
0.8)
12.8
(
1.1)
10.1
(
0.7)
10.1
(
1.0)
11.0
(
1.1)
Female
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.9
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.0)
99.9
(
0.1)
100.0
 
99.9
 
99.8
 
99.6
(
0.2)
99.8
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
95.2
(
0.4)
95.5
(
0.4)
96.1
(
0.4)
95.8
(
0.3)
96.9
(
0.6)
96.3
(
0.6)
95.0
(
0.7)
94.9
(
0.6)
94.9
(
0.6)
96.0
(
0.7)
Level
250
4
..........................................
64.0
(
1.1)
65.5
(
1.2)
65.4
(
1.1)
64.0
(
0.7)
65.0
(
1.4)
65.0
(
1.5)
67.5
(
1.4)
67.9
(
1.7)
66.2
(
1.6)
66.0
(
1.9)
Level
300
6
..........................................
12.3
(
0.6)
13.5
(
0.7)
13.5
(
0.6)
13.2
(
0.5)
13.2
(
0.9)
14.5
(
0.9)
17.7
(
1.1)
18.4
(
1.1)
16.8
(
1.3)
18.0
(
1.7)
White
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.9
(
0.0)
99.9
0.0
100.0
 
99.9
(
0.0)
99.9
 
99.9
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.1)
99.6
(
0.2)
99.7
(
0.2)
100.0
(
0.1)
Level
200
3
..........................................
96.2
(
0.3)
96.4
(
0.2)
97.1
(
0.2)
96.2
(
0.3)
96.0
(
0.6)
96.0
(
0.6)
95.9
(
0.6)
95.0
(
0.7)
95.5
(
0.5)
96.0
(
0.6)
Level
250
4
..........................................
64.2
(
0.9)
65.5
(
0.9)
67.8
(
0.8)
65.3
(
0.7)
63.7
(
1.5)
64.8
(
1.2)
68.5
(
1.4)
68.1
(
1.3)
68.7
(
1.4)
69.0
(
1.7)
Level
300
6
..........................................
11.3
(
0.5)
12.1
(
0.5)
13.6
(
0.6)
13.1
(
0.5)
12.4
(
0.9)
13.3
(
0.9)
18.1
(
1.1)
17.2
(
1.0)
16.9
(
1.3)
18.0
(
1.4)
Black
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
98.6
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.3)
99.3
(
0.3)
99.4
(
0.2)
99.8
 
99.4
 
98.7
 
98.6
 
99.4
 
99.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
74.2
(
1.7)
76.9
(
1.3)
84.1
(
1.7)
85.5
(
1.0)
91.3
(
2.2)
87.7
(
2.3)
82.0
(
2.7)
80.6
(
2.3)
81.5
(
3.2)
85.0
(
2.3)
Level
250
4
..........................................
21.1
(
1.2)
24.8
(
1.6)
30.1
(
2.0)
34.6
(
1.2)
40.2
(
2.3)
41.7
(
3.5)
38.4
(
2.7)
35.6
(
3.5)
34.0
(
3.9)
38.0
(
2.7)
Level
300
6
..........................................
0.8
(
0.2)
1.5
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.5)
2.8
(
0.5)
4.6
(
1.2)
4.6
(
0.8)
5.7
(
1.4)
3.9
(
1.2)
3.0
(
0.9)
5.0
(
1.4)
Hispanic
Level
150
2
..........................................
 
 
99.6
(
0.3)
99.7
 
99.5
 
99.2
 
99.1
(
0.5)
98.1
 
98.7
 
98.6
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
 
 
81.3
(
2.3)
86.8
(
2.4)
86.7
(
1.5)
87.4
(
2.6)
85.8
(
2.4)
83.4
(
3.5)
82.4
(
2.7)
84.9
(
3.2)
89.0
(
2.8)
Level
250
4
..........................................
 
 
32.0
(
3.6)
35.4
(
2.6)
39.0
(
2.1)
38.0
(
4.4)
37.2
(
2.9)
40.9
(
5.1)
33.9
(
3.9)
38.1
(
3.7)
43.0
(
3.8)
Level
300
6
..........................................
 
 
2.2
(
1.0)
2.3
(
0.6)
4.1
(
0.7)
4.4
(
1.9)
3.9
(
1.2)
6.0
(
1.9)
4.3
(
1.8)
5.4
(
1.7)
6.0
(
1.8)

17­
year­
olds
1
Total
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.6
(
0.1)
99.7
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.1)
100.0
(
0.0)
100.0
 
99.9
 
99.8
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.1)
100.0
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
96.0
(
0.3)
96.4
(
0.3)
97.2
(
0.3)
98.3
(
0.1)
98.9
(
0.3)
98.1
(
0.3)
97.1
(
0.4)
96.8
(
0.5)
97.5
(
0.5)
97.6
(
0.4)
Level
250
4
..........................................
78.6
(
0.9)
80.1
(
0.7)
80.7
(
0.9)
83.1
(
0.5)
85.7
(
0.8)
84.1
(
1.0)
82.5
(
0.8)
80.8
(
1.0)
81.8
(
0.8)
82.0
(
1.0)
Level
300
6
..........................................
39.0
(
1.0)
38.7
(
0.8)
37.8
(
1.1)
40.3
(
0.8)
40.9
(
1.5)
41.4
(
1.0)
43.2
(
1.1)
41.0
(
1.2)
39.4
(
1.4)
39.6
(
1.4)
Male
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.4
(
0.1)
99.5
(
0.2)
99.8
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.0)
100.0
 
99.8
 
99.7
(
0.2)
99.7
 
99.9
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
94.7
(
0.4)
95.3
(
0.4)
96.3
(
0.5)
97.6
(
0.2)
98.5
(
0.5)
97.0
(
0.6)
96.3
(
0.7)
95.5
(
0.9)
96.4
(
0.8)
97.0
(
0.6)
Level
250
4
..........................................
74.4
(
1.0)
75.6
(
0.8)
77.9
(
1.0)
79.6
(
0.6)
82.9
(
1.4)
79.7
(
1.4)
78.4
(
1.2)
76.2
(
1.5)
77.0
(
1.2)
77.0
(
1.5)
Level
300
6
..........................................
33.9
(
1.1)
33.7
(
1.0)
35.0
(
1.3)
35.4
(
0.8)
37.1
(
2.3)
36.1
(
1.5)
38.4
(
1.6)
35.6
(
1.9)
33.6
(
1.9)
34.0
(
1.7)
Female
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.8
(
0.1)
99.8
(
0.1)
99.9
 
99.9
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
99.9
 
99.9
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
97.3
(
0.3)
97.5
(
0.4)
98.1
(
0.3)
99.0
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.3)
99.2
(
0.3)
97.9
(
0.4)
98.0
(
0.5)
98.6
(
0.5)
99.0
(
0.4)
Level
250
4
..........................................
82.6
(
1.0)
84.3
(
0.9)
83.6
(
1.0)
86.8
(
0.6)
88.2
(
1.1)
88.6
(
1.0)
86.8
(
1.1)
85.6
(
1.2)
86.8
(
1.0)
87.0
(
1.0)
Level
300
6
..........................................
44.0
(
1.2)
43.6
(
0.9)
40.7
(
1.2)
45.0
(
0.9)
44.4
(
2.0)
46.8
(
1.3)
48.5
(
1.5)
46.5
(
1.5)
45.4
(
1.7)
45.0
(
1.8)
White
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
99.9
0.0
99.9
(
0.0)
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
99.9
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
97.9
(
0.2)
98.6
(
0.1)
99.1
(
0.1)
99.0
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.2)
98.6
(
0.3)
98.1
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.4)
98.0
(
0.4)
Level
250
4
..........................................
83.7
(
0.7)
86.2
(
0.6)
86.9
(
0.6)
88.0
(
0.5)
88.7
(
0.9)
88.3
(
1.1)
88.0
(
0.9)
86.2
(
1.1)
87.0
(
0.8)
87.0
(
1.3)
Level
300
6
..........................................
43.2
(
0.9)
43.9
(
0.8)
43.3
(
1.1)
46.3
(
0.9)
45.4
(
1.6)
47.5
(
1.2)
50.1
(
1.4)
47.7
(
1.4)
46.0
(
1.5)
46.0
(
1.5)
Black
5
Level
150
2
..........................................
97.6
(
0.4)
97.7
(
0.8)
99.0
(
0.3)
99.9
 
100.0
 
99.6
 
99.1
 
99.5
 
99.8
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
81.9
(
1.5)
82.0
(
1.8)
85.6
(
1.7)
95.9
(
0.5)
98.0
(
1.0)
95.7
(
1.3)
91.6
(
1.6)
93.4
(
2.0)
94.9
(
1.9)
95.0
(
1.1)
Level
250
4
..........................................
40.1
(
1.6)
43.0
(
1.6)
44.0
(
2.0)
65.7
(
1.2)
75.8
(
2.4)
69.1
(
2.8)
61.4
(
2.3)
65.7
(
4.1)
67.9
(
4.0)
66.0
(
2.5)
Level
300
6
..........................................
7.7
(
0.9)
8.1
(
0.7)
7.1
(
0.8)
16.2
(
0.9)
24.9
(
3.1)
19.7
(
1.8)
16.9
(
2.5)
21.5
(
3.7)
18.5
(
2.2)
17.0
(
1.7)
Hispanic
Level
150
2
..........................................
 
 
99.3
(
0.4)
99.8
 
99.8
 
99.9
 
99.7
 
99.8
 
99.0
 
99.9
 
100.0
 
Level
200
3
..........................................
 
 
88.7
(
2.4)
93.3
(
1.8)
95.6
(
0.7)
96.3
(
2.4)
95.9
(
2.1)
93.4
(
2.3)
91.1
(
3.4)
94.1
(
1.9)
97.0
 
Level
250
4
..........................................
 
 
52.9
(
4.1)
62.2
(
3.1)
68.3
(
2.1)
71.5
(
4.8)
75.2
(
4.7)
69.2
(
4.0)
63.0
(
4.4)
65.0
(
4.2)
68.0
(
4.3)
Level
300
6
..........................................
 
 
12.6
(
2.7)
16.5
(
2.1)
21.2
(
2.3)
23.3
(
3.7)
27.1
(
3.3)
27.3
(
3.2)
20.1
(
3.0)
20.5
(
4.8)
24.0
(
3.8)

 
Not
available.

1
Excludes
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.

2
Able
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple,
discrete
reading
tasks.

3
Able
to
understand,
combine
ideas,
and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information.

4
Able
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.

5
Data
for
1971
include
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

6
Able
to
find,
understand,
summarize,
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material.
NOTE:
Reading
proficiency
levels
measured
by
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001).
137
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
116.
 
Average
proficiency
in
reading
for
4th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics,
and
state:
1994
and
1998
State
1994
1998
Average
Sex
Average
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Male
Female
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
1
.................
212
(
1.1)
207
(
1.3)
218
(
1.2)
215
(
0.8)
212
(
1.2)
218
(
0.8)
225
(
0.9)
193
(
1.8)
195
(
1.9)
222
(
2.8)
200
(
3.2)

Alabama
................................
208
(
1.5)
203
(
1.9)
213
(
1.6)
211
(
1.8)
208
(
1.8)
214
(
2.1)
222
(
2.0)
193
(
2.0)
190
(
4.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Arizona
..................................
206
(
1.9)
201
(
2.2)
211
(
2.1)
207
(
2.0)
201
(
2.2)
212
(
2.3)
220
(
1.4)
190
(
3.8)
186
(
3.7)
(
2)
(
2)
202
(
4.3)
Arkansas
...............................
209
(
1.7)
204
(
1.9)
213
(
1.8)
209
(
1.5)
206
(
1.8)
212
(
1.7)
218
(
1.3)
186
(
2.4)
187
(
5.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
California
3
.............................
197
(
1.8)
194
(
1.9)
200
(
2.2)
202
(
3.2)
198
(
3.6)
206
(
3.3)
217
(
2.6)
189
(
4.6)
181
(
5.2)
215
(
5.1)
(
2)
(
2)
Colorado
................................
213
(
1.3)
209
(
1.8)
218
(
1.5)
222
(
1.3)
218
(
1.7)
225
(
1.5)
229
(
1.3)
202
(
4.4)
202
(
2.1)
228
(
6.8)
(
2)
(
2)

Connecticut
...........................
222
(
1.6)
218
(
1.8)
226
(
2.0)
232
(
1.9)
229
(
2.0)
234
(
2.0)
240
(
1.7)
205
(
3.1)
205
(
3.9)
244
(
4.3)
(
2)
(
2)
Delaware
...............................
206
(
1.1)
200
(
2.1)
212
(
1.5)
212
(
1.3)
208
(
1.5)
216
(
1.9)
220
(
1.5)
199
(
1.9)
193
(
3.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
District
of
Columbia
...............
 
 
 
 
 
 
182
(
1.4)
177
(
1.8)
186
(
2.1)
231
(
5.9)
180
(
1.6)
168
(
4.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Florida
...................................
205
(
1.7)
199
(
2.1)
210
(
1.8)
207
(
1.5)
203
(
1.9)
212
(
1.7)
219
(
1.8)
189
(
2.2)
200
(
3.0)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Georgia
..................................
207
(
2.4)
201
(
3.0)
212
(
2.2)
210
(
1.6)
206
(
1.9)
213
(
1.7)
225
(
2.0)
193
(
2.0)
193
(
4.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Hawaii
....................................
201
(
1.7)
194
(
2.1)
208
(
1.7)
200
(
1.8)
194
(
2.5)
205
(
1.8)
211
(
2.3)
195
(
4.6)
183
(
3.5)
201
(
2.3)
183
(
5.6)

Indiana
...................................
220
(
1.3)
216
(
1.5)
223
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Iowa
3
.....................................
223
(
1.3)
219
(
1.6)
227
(
1.5)
223
(
1.2)
218
(
1.5)
228
(
1.4)
226
(
1.2)
192
(
4.1)
210
(
2.7)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Kansas
3
................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
222
(
1.5)
219
(
1.6)
226
(
1.6)
228
(
1.5)
198
(
3.7)
207
(
3.7)
(
2)
(
2)
214
(
5.3)
Kentucky
................................
212
(
1.6)
206
(
1.8)
217
(
2.0)
218
(
1.5)
216
(
1.8)
220
(
1.6)
221
(
1.5)
196
(
3.0)
195
(
5.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Louisiana
...............................
197
(
1.3)
193
(
1.6)
200
(
1.7)
204
(
1.5)
199
(
1.8)
209
(
1.6)
222
(
1.3)
186
(
2.0)
184
(
4.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Maine
.....................................
228
(
1.3)
225
(
1.6)
231
(
1.6)
225
(
1.2)
222
(
1.4)
229
(
1.5)
227
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
208
(
6.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Maryland
................................
210
(
1.5)
205
(
1.8)
214
(
1.8)
215
(
1.6)
209
(
2.0)
221
(
1.6)
229
(
1.7)
195
(
2.4)
200
(
4.1)
230
(
5.4)
(
2)
(
2)
Massachusetts
3
....................
223
(
1.3)
221
(
1.5)
226
(
1.5)
225
(
1.4)
221
(
1.6)
229
(
1.7)
231
(
1.3)
202
(
3.2)
200
(
3.3)
216
(
5.5)
(
2)
(
2)
Michigan
................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
217
(
1.7)
212
(
1.9)
221
(
1.8)
225
(
1.3)
191
(
3.9)
193
(
4.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Minnesota
3
............................
218
(
1.4)
214
(
1.5)
223
(
1.9)
222
(
1.5)
218
(
1.9)
226
(
1.5)
226
(
1.5)
190
(
4.7)
203
(
5.6)
216
(
10.1)
(
2)
(
2)

Mississippi
.............................
202
(
1.6)
196
(
1.6)
207
(
1.9)
204
(
1.5)
201
(
1.8)
208
(
1.5)
217
(
1.8)
192
(
1.9)
183
(
3.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Missouri
.................................
217
(
1.5)
213
(
1.9)
221
(
1.8)
216
(
1.7)
211
(
2.0)
222
(
1.6)
223
(
1.4)
190
(
3.6)
196
(
4.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Montana
3
..............................
222
(
1.4)
218
(
1.6)
227
(
1.7)
226
(
1.7)
221
(
2.0)
231
(
2.7)
230
(
1.6)
(
2)
(
2)
207
(
6.2)
(
2)
(
2)
209
(
3.9)
Nebraska
4
.............................
220
(
1.5)
216
(
1.5)
224
(
1.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nevada
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
208
(
1.4)
204
(
1.6)
211
(
1.9)
215
(
1.4)
189
(
3.1)
195
(
2.0)
216
(
3.6)
199
(
5.8)

New
Hampshire
3
..................
223
(
1.5)
218
(
1.6)
229
(
1.8)
226
(
1.3)
222
(
1.8)
229
(
1.5)
227
(
1.3)
(
2)
(
2)
201
(
5.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
New
Jersey
...........................
219
(
1.2)
216
(
1.5)
222
(
1.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Mexico
...........................
205
(
1.7)
201
(
2.1)
208
(
1.8)
206
(
2.0)
202
(
2.0)
209
(
2.6)
222
(
1.8)
183
(
7.1)
199
(
1.7)
(
2)
(
2)
181
(
8.6)
New
York
3
............................
212
(
1.4)
207
(
1.8)
216
(
1.6)
216
(
1.6)
214
(
1.7)
218
(
2.0)
227
(
1.2)
193
(
2.8)
194
(
2.8)
234
(
5.2)
(
2)
(
2)
North
Carolina
.......................
214
(
1.5)
209
(
1.7)
220
(
1.8)
217
(
1.3)
213
(
1.7)
220
(
1.7)
227
(
1.4)
200
(
2.0)
196
(
3.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

North
Dakota
.........................
225
(
1.2)
221
(
1.5)
230
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oklahoma
..............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
220
(
1.1)
219
(
1.2)
220
(
1.5)
225
(
1.1)
192
(
5.0)
207
(
2.5)
(
2)
(
2)
214
(
2.4)
Oregon
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
214
(
1.6)
210
(
1.8)
218
(
1.9)
220
(
1.6)
202
(
5.2)
191
(
3.4)
215
(
5.3)
197
(
4.1)
Pennsylvania
4
.......................
215
(
1.6)
211
(
1.8)
220
(
1.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rhode
Island
4
.......................
220
(
1.3)
215
(
1.5)
225
(
1.5)
218
(
1.7)
217
(
2.3)
220
(
2.3)
227
(
1.4)
197
(
3.6)
185
(
5.1)
211
(
6.4)
(
2)
(
2)

South
Carolina
......................
203
(
1.4)
199
(
1.7)
208
(
1.6)
210
(
1.3)
207
(
1.5)
214
(
1.6)
223
(
1.5)
197
(
1.7)
189
(
3.9)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Tennessee
4
..........................
213
(
1.7)
208
(
2.1)
217
(
1.9)
212
(
1.5)
209
(
1.7)
216
(
1.8)
220
(
1.6)
193
(
2.4)
193
(
6.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Texas
.....................................
212
(
1.9)
210
(
2.0)
214
(
2.1)
217
(
2.1)
213
(
2.3)
221
(
2.1)
232
(
1.9)
197
(
3.5)
204
(
2.7)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Utah
.......................................
217
(
1.3)
213
(
1.7)
222
(
1.3)
215
(
1.3)
212
(
1.8)
219
(
1.5)
222
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
189
(
3.0)
208
(
6.5)
190
(
7.2)
Virginia
..................................
213
(
1.5)
208
(
1.8)
219
(
1.5)
218
(
1.3)
214
(
1.8)
223
(
1.4)
226
(
1.5)
203
(
1.8)
198
(
4.2)
230
(
4.3)
(
2)
(
2)

Washington
...........................
213
(
1.5)
209
(
1.8)
217
(
1.7)
217
(
1.3)
212
(
1.5)
222
(
1.6)
221
(
1.4)
198
(
4.4)
195
(
3.4)
220
(
3.2)
208
(
4.5)
West
Virginia
.........................
213
(
1.1)
208
(
1.4)
218
(
1.4)
216
(
1.5)
213
(
1.8)
219
(
1.8)
219
(
1.4)
192
(
3.0)
196
(
5.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Wisconsin
3,4
..........................
224
(
1.1)
221
(
1.2)
227
(
1.5)
224
(
1.2)
222
(
1.8)
226
(
1.3)
230
(
1.1)
193
(
2.5)
208
(
2.7)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Wyoming
...............................
221
(
1.2)
218
(
1.3)
224
(
1.6)
219
(
1.6)
216
(
2.0)
223
(
1.8)
222
(
1.9)
(
2)
(
2)
207
(
3.2)
(
2)
(
2)
205
(
6.9)

Department
of
Defense
overseas
schools
..............
218
(
0.9)
213
(
1.3)
223
(
1.0)
223
(
1.1)
219
(
1.4)
228
(
1.3)
229
(
1.5)
212
(
3.6)
216
(
4.2)
227
(
2.8)
219
(
3.9)
Guam
.....................................
181
(
1.2)
172
(
1.4)
190
(
1.7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
178
(
1.9)
169
(
5.0)
186
(
2.1)
(
2)(
2)
181
(
2.0)
168
(
4.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

 
Not
available.
1
As
measured
by
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Fortyone
states
and
Guam
participated
in
the
test
in
1994,
and
forty­
four
jurisdictions
(
state,
territory,
Dept.
of
Defense
overseas
schools)
participated
in
1998.
Due
to
sample
size
and
school
participation
guidelines,
some
states
are
not
shown.
2
Sample
size
is
insufficient
to
permit
a
reliable
estimate.
3
Did
not
satisfy
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
sample
participation
rates
in
1998.
Data
are
subject
to
appreciable
nonresponse
bias.
4
Did
not
satisfy
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
sample
participation
rates
in
1994.
Data
are
subject
to
appreciable
nonresponse
bias.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
A
score
of
300
implies
an
ability
to
find,
understand,
summarize,
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material.
A
score
of
250
implies
an
ability
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.
A
score
of
200
implies
an
ability
to
understand,
combine
ideas,
and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information.
A
score
of
150
implies
an
ability
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple,
discrete
reading
tasks.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Excludes
states
not
participating
in
the
survey.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1998
Reading
Report
Card
for
the
Nation
and
the
States,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
138
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
117.
 
Average
proficiency
in
reading
for
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics,
and
state:
1998
State
Average
Location
Parental
education
1
Central
city
Urban
fringe/
large
town
Rural/
small
town
Did
not
finish
high
school
Graduated
high
school
Some
education
after
high
school
Graduated
college
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
2
...............................
261
(
0.8)
254
(
1.7)
266
(
1.4)
263
(
1.5)
242
(
1.9)
253
(
1.3)
268
(
1.4)
272
(
1.0)

Alabama
..............................................
255
(
1.4)
254
(
3.4)
260
(
2.3)
254
(
1.9)
252
(
2.9)
246
(
1.6)
262
(
2.0)
264
(
2.0)
Arizona
................................................
261
(
1.2)
261
(
1.7)
267
(
2.3)
250
(
2.5)
243
(
2.3)
253
(
2.5)
267
(
1.5)
272
(
1.4)
Arkansas
.............................................
256
(
1.3)
253
(
3.1)
262
(
2.9)
255
(
1.6)
243
(
3.1)
249
(
1.9)
265
(
2.4)
264
(
1.7)
California
3
...........................................
253
(
1.7)
249
(
2.5)
255
(
2.3)
(
4)(
4)
238
(
3.1)
244
(
2.2)
264
(
2.3)
266
(
1.8)
Colorado
..............................................
264
(
1.1)
258
(
2.6)
268
(
1.2)
264
(
2.1)
240
(
4.7)
251
(
2.1)
266
(
1.8)
274
(
1.2)

Connecticut
.........................................
272
(
1.1)
252
(
2.9)
275
(
1.4)
280
(
1.7)
251
(
3.0)
256
(
1.7)
274
(
1.5)
282
(
1.0)
Delaware
.............................................
256
(
1.3)
254
(
2.7)
256
(
2.3)
258
(
2.5)
234
(
8.2)
251
(
2.5)
257
(
2.4)
266
(
1.7)
District
of
Columbia
.............................
236
(
2.0)
236
(
2.0)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
235
(
5.1)
227
(
3.9)
242
(
3.1)
248
(
3.3)
Florida
.................................................
253
(
1.7)
252
(
2.5)
256
(
2.0)
247
(
7.4)
245
(
3.1)
244
(
2.5)
262
(
1.8)
261
(
2.0)
Georgia
...............................................
257
(
1.4)
245
(
3.1)
263
(
1.8)
254
(
2.5)
242
(
2.9)
247
(
2.2)
264
(
1.7)
267
(
1.9)
Hawaii
.................................................
250
(
1.3)
253
(
2.6)
250
(
1.5)
247
(
2.0)
230
(
5.1)
241
(
2.3)
258
(
2.1)
259
(
1.5)

Kansas
3
..............................................
268
(
1.2)
260
(
3.7)
273
(
1.9)
269
(
1.6)
249
(
6.3)
261
(
2.1)
269
(
1.9)
276
(
1.8)
Kentucky
.............................................
262
(
1.3)
261
(
4.7)
266
(
2.4)
261
(
1.3)
246
(
3.1)
256
(
1.6)
268
(
1.9)
274
(
2.0)
Louisiana
.............................................
252
(
1.5)
247
(
3.3)
253
(
2.8)
255
(
1.7)
247
(
4.1)
245
(
1.4)
261
(
1.5)
258
(
2.2)
Maine
..................................................
273
(
1.2)
279
(
3.0)
272
(
3.8)
272
(
1.3)
262
(
4.8)
260
(
2.1)
275
(
2.0)
282
(
1.4)
Maryland
3
...........................................
262
(
1.8)
246
(
4.3)
264
(
2.3)
268
(
2.3)
253
(
3.5)
250
(
2.0)
262
(
2.3)
272
(
2.2)

Massachusetts
....................................
269
(
1.6)
254
(
3.3)
275
(
2.4)
274
(
2.4)
242
(
4.3)
256
(
2.1)
273
(
2.4)
278
(
1.7)
Minnesota
3
.........................................
267
(
1.3)
249
(
5.2)
273
(
1.4)
266
(
2.3)
244
(
4.9)
256
(
2.2)
273
(
1.9)
276
(
1.4)
Mississippi
...........................................
251
(
1.4)
243
(
4.8)
255
(
2.1)
250
(
1.8)
239
(
2.5)
243
(
2.5)
257
(
2.8)
259
(
1.6)
Missouri
...............................................
263
(
1.3)
257
(
4.0)
263
(
2.0)
266
(
1.4)
247
(
3.3)
257
(
1.7)
268
(
1.7)
271
(
1.6)
Montana
3
............................................
270
(
1.1)
263
(
2.8)
266
(
3.4)
273
(
1.4)
253
(
5.3)
258
(
2.7)
273
(
2.3)
277
(
1.4)

Nevada
................................................
257
(
1.1)
254
(
1.7)
258
(
2.5)
262
(
2.1)
241
(
3.5)
248
(
1.8)
265
(
1.9)
269
(
1.5)
New
Mexico
........................................
258
(
1.2)
260
(
2.7)
261
(
1.6)
253
(
1.7)
240
(
3.0)
251
(
1.7)
263
(
2.6)
268
(
1.4)
New
York
3
..........................................
266
(
1.6)
254
(
2.7)
278
(
2.4)
271
(
2.2)
252
(
3.3)
256
(
2.2)
270
(
2.0)
277
(
1.8)
North
Carolina
.....................................
264
(
1.1)
267
(
2.0)
263
(
2.6)
261
(
1.5)
246
(
3.6)
250
(
1.9)
268
(
1.6)
273
(
1.4)
Oklahoma
............................................
265
(
1.3)
265
(
2.0)
268
(
2.1)
264
(
1.7)
256
(
3.4)
255
(
1.8)
270
(
2.2)
274
(
1.4)

Oregon
................................................
266
(
1.5)
264
(
4.0)
269
(
2.2)
263
(
1.6)
241
(
3.5)
259
(
2.4)
266
(
1.6)
276
(
1.8)
Rhode
Island
.......................................
262
(
1.0)
252
(
2.7)
265
(
1.8)
271
(
3.0)
241
(
4.7)
253
(
3.0)
265
(
2.4)
273
(
1.5)
South
Carolina
....................................
255
(
1.3)
257
(
2.2)
260
(
1.9)
249
(
2.2)
245
(
2.9)
243
(
1.6)
264
(
2.0)
264
(
1.6)
Tennessee
..........................................
259
(
1.3)
253
(
2.2)
264
(
2.4)
261
(
1.8)
246
(
3.7)
250
(
1.5)
265
(
1.7)
269
(
1.8)
Texas
..................................................
262
(
1.5)
259
(
2.5)
266
(
2.2)
263
(
3.5)
247
(
2.4)
256
(
1.7)
269
(
1.9)
272
(
1.7)

Utah
.....................................................
265
(
1.1)
264
(
1.8)
266
(
1.3)
261
(
3.1)
247
(
5.1)
251
(
2.3)
265
(
2.0)
273
(
0.9)
Virginia
................................................
266
(
1.1)
260
(
1.9)
274
(
1.7)
263
(
2.2)
248
(
3.4)
254
(
1.5)
269
(
2.2)
277
(
1.3)
Washington
.........................................
265
(
1.3)
264
(
2.2)
266
(
2.2)
263
(
2.1)
243
(
3.7)
258
(
2.2)
268
(
1.7)
274
(
1.7)
West
Virginia
.......................................
262
(
1.2)
265
(
3.7)
264
(
3.2)
260
(
1.4)
248
(
2.7)
254
(
1.9)
265
(
1.9)
272
(
1.6)
Wisconsin
3
..........................................
266
(
1.6)
256
(
3.1)
273
(
2.5)
269
(
1.9)
240
(
4.4)
260
(
2.4)
269
(
2.1)
276
(
1.9)
Wyoming
.............................................
262
(
1.3)
263
(
3.0)
(
4)
(
4)
262
(
1.3)
256
(
4.3)
256
(
2.5)
266
(
2.2)
267
(
1.9)

Department
of
Defense
overseas
schools
...........................
269
(
1.0)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
258
(
3.5)
272
(
2.1)
275
(
1.5)

Virgin
Islands
......................................
233
(
2.9)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
233
(
2.9)
237
(
4.7)
234
(
4.9)
242
(
7.6)
232
(
4.3)

1
Parents'
highest
level
of
education.
Data
not
shown
for
students
who
did
not
know
parents'
level
of
education.
2
As
measured
by
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Fortyfour
jurisdictions
(
state,
territory,
Department
of
Defense
overseas
schools)
participated
in
1998.
Due
to
sample
size
and
school
participation
guidelines,
some
states
are
not
shown.
3
Did
not
satisfy
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
sample
participation
rates.
Data
are
subject
to
appreciable
nonresponse
bias.
4
Sample
size
is
insufficient
to
permit
a
reliable
estimate.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
A
score
of
300
implies
an
ability
to
find,
understand,
summarize,
and
explain
relatively
complicated
literary
and
informational
material.
A
score
of
250
implies
an
ability
to
search
for
specific
information,
interrelate
ideas,
and
make
generalizations
about
literature,
science,
and
social
studies
materials.
A
score
of
200
implies
an
ability
to
understand,
combine
ideas,
and
make
inferences
based
on
short
uncomplicated
passages
about
specific
or
sequentially
related
information.
A
score
of
150
implies
an
ability
to
follow
brief
written
directions
and
carry
out
simple,
discrete
reading
tasks.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Excludes
states
not
participating
in
the
survey.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1998
Reading
Report
Card
for
the
Nation
and
the
States,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2000.)
139
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
118.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
4th­
graders,
by
time
spent
on
homework
and
television
viewing
each
day:
1992
to
2000
Selected
characteristics
of
students
Time
spent
on
homework
each
day
Amount
of
television
watched
each
day
Don't
have
Don't
do
Half
hour
or
less
One
hour
More
than
one
hour
None
One
hour
or
less
Two
hours
Three
hours
Four
hours
Five
hours
Six
or
more
hours
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1992
All
students
...................
16
(
1.6)
2
(
0.2)
39
(
1.2)
28
(
0.9)
15
(
0.6)
2
(
0.2)
17
(
0.8)
21
(
0.7)
19
(
0.6)
13
(
0.6)
9
(
0.4)
20
(
0.7)

Male
...........................
18
(
1.8)
3
(
0.4)
39
(
1.4)
26
(
1.0)
14
(
0.8)
2
(
0.3)
16
(
0.8)
20
(
0.9)
18
(
0.9)
13
(
0.7)
9
(
0.7)
21
(
0.9)
Female
.......................
14
(
1.5)
1
(
0.3)
39
(
1.4)
30
(
1.1)
16
(
0.8)
2
(
0.3)
18
(
1.2)
22
(
0.9)
19
(
0.9)
13
(
0.8)
8
(
0.6)
18
(
0.9)

Race/
ethnicity
White
..........................
18
(
1.9)
2
(
0.3)
38
(
1.5)
29
(
1.2)
13
(
0.6)
2
(
0.3)
18
(
0.9)
23
(
1.0)
21
(
0.8)
14
(
0.7)
9
(
0.6)
13
(
0.8)
Black
..........................
10
(
1.6)
3
(
0.6)
45
(
2.3)
24
(
1.5)
18
(
1.4)
2
(
0.5)
11
(
1.5)
11
(
1.0)
12
(
1.0)
10
(
1.1)
9
(
1.2)
44
(
1.9)
Hispanic
.....................
11
(
1.7)
4
(
0.5)
39
(
2.2)
28
(
1.7)
18
(
1.9)
2
(
0.5)
15
(
1.2)
20
(
1.6)
14
(
1.3)
13
(
1.2)
9
(
1.0)
27
(
1.6)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
10
(
4.5)
1
 
39
(
3.4)
28
(
4.3)
22
(
3.4)
3
(
1.3)
26
(
3.7)
17
(
2.7)
15
(
2.8)
11
(
1.9)
7
(
1.6)
21
(
3.2)
American
Indian
.........
17
(
5.0)
4
(
2.4)
31
(
5.7)
18
(
4.2)
30
(
5.7)
1
 
18
(
3.8)
13
(
3.3)
16
(
3.7)
17
(
3.3)
11
(
3.3)
23
(
4.4)

Control
of
school
Public
.........................
17
(
1.7)
2
(
0.3)
40
(
1.3)
26
(
0.9)
14
(
0.6)
2
(
0.2)
16
(
0.8)
21
(
0.9)
19
(
0.7)
13
(
0.7)
9
(
0.5)
21
(
0.8)
Private
........................
7
(
1.8)
1
(
0.2)
34
(
2.4)
38
(
2.2)
21
(
1.9)
2
(
0.6)
21
(
2.3)
24
(
1.5)
18
(
1.4)
14
(
1.1)
9
(
1.0)
12
(
1.4)

1994
All
students
...................
13
(
0.9)
3
(
0.3)
39
(
1.0)
30
(
0.7)
15
(
0.6)
2
(
0.2)
17
(
0.6)
21
(
0.6)
17
(
0.5)
13
(
0.6)
9
(
0.4)
21
(
0.7)

Male
...........................
14
(
1.0)
5
(
0.5)
39
(
1.1)
28
(
1.0)
15
(
0.7)
2
(
0.3)
15
(
0.8)
19
(
0.8)
16
(
0.6)
13
(
0.7)
10
(
0.6)
25
(
0.9)
Female
.......................
12
(
1.1)
2
(
0.2)
40
(
1.2)
32
(
1.0)
15
(
0.8)
2
(
0.3)
20
(
0.9)
23
(
0.8)
17
(
0.9)
13
(
0.8)
8
(
0.6)
17
(
0.9)

1998
All
students
8
(
0.8)
2
(
0.2)
43
(
1.0)
31
(
0.8)
16
(
0.6)
3
(
0.5)
21
(
0.6)
22
(
0.7)
19
(
0.6)
11
(
0.5)
8
(
0.4)
16
(
0.6)

Male
...........................
9
(
1.0)
3
(
0.3)
41
(
1.1)
30
(
1.0)
16
(
0.8)
3
(
0.5)
18
(
0.9)
22
(
0.9)
18
(
1.0)
12
(
0.7)
8
(
0.6)
18
(
1.0)
Female
.......................
7
(
0.7)
1
(
0.2)
44
(
1.2)
32
(
1.0)
16
(
0.7)
3
(
0.5)
24
(
0.8)
22
(
0.8)
19
(
0.7)
10
(
0.6)
7
(
0.5)
14
(
0.7)

Race/
ethnicity
White
..........................
9
(
1.0)
2
(
0.2)
43
(
1.2)
32
(
1.1)
15
(
0.7)
3
(
0.7)
23
(
0.9)
24
(
0.8)
20
(
0.8)
12
(
0.7)
7
(
0.6)
11
(
0.8)
Black
..........................
6
(
0.9)
3
(
0.5)
45
(
1.9)
27
(
1.5)
19
(
1.5)
2
(
0.5)
14
(
1.2)
14
(
1.1)
14
(
1.2)
11
(
0.8)
12
(
0.9)
34
(
1.5)
Hispanic
.....................
7
(
1.1)
3
(
0.5)
42
(
1.9)
30
(
1.5)
18
(
1.2)
3
(
0.5)
21
(
1.2)
19
(
1.0)
18
(
1.2)
11
(
0.9)
8
(
0.8)
19
(
1.0)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
4
(
1.7)
1
 
39
(
3.1)
36
(
2.6)
20
(
2.3)
4
(
1.1)
26
(
2.8)
20
(
3.0)
16
(
2.5)
10
(
2.8)
9
(
1.9)
14
(
2.4)
American
Indian
.........
8
(
2.2)
7
(
2.0)
40
(
4.9)
27
(
2.8)
19
(
3.6)
1
 
19
(
3.6)
19
(
2.3)
15
(
2.6)
8
(
2.1)
12
(
3.1)
27
(
3.4)

2000
All
students
10
(
0.9)
2
(
0.2)
43
(
0.9)
29
(
0.6)
16
(
0.7)
2
(
0.2)
23
(
0.7)
23
(
0.6)
17
(
0.4)
11
(
0.5)
6
(
0.4)
18
(
0.6)

Male
...........................
11
(
0.9)
3
(
0.3)
43
(
1.2)
27
(
0.8)
16
(
0.9)
2
(
0.3)
20
(
1.1)
21
(
0.8)
18
(
0.7)
11
(
0.6)
7
(
0.5)
22
(
0.9)
Female
.......................
9
(
1.0)
1
(
0.2)
43
(
1.1)
31
(
0.9)
16
(
0.7)
2
(
0.3)
26
(
0.9)
24
(
0.8)
17
(
0.7)
10
(
0.6)
6
(
0.4)
15
(
0.7)

Race/
ethnicity
White
..........................
11
(
1.1)
1
(
0.2)
43
(
1.2)
30
(
0.8)
15
(
0.9)
2
(
0.3)
25
(
0.9)
25
(
0.9)
19
(
0.6)
11
(
0.6)
6
(
0.5)
13
(
0.7)
Black
..........................
8
(
0.9)
4
(
0.8)
45
(
1.8)
26
(
1.3)
17
(
1.0)
1
(
0.2)
14
(
0.9)
13
(
1.0)
13
(
0.9)
10
(
0.9)
8
(
0.8)
42
(
1.5)
Hispanic
.....................
7
(
1.0)
3
(
0.5)
43
(
1.4)
29
(
1.3)
18
(
1.3)
2
(
0.4)
22
(
1.2)
21
(
1.2)
16
(
1.1)
10
(
1.0)
7
(
0.6)
22
(
1.5)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
1
(
0.7)
1
(
0.7)
42
(
3.2)
35
(
3.2)
21
(
3.4)
6
(
1.4)
29
(
2.7)
28
(
3.1)
15
(
2.8)
8
(
1.6)
7
(
1.7)
8
(
1.8)
American
Indian
.........
15
(
4.7)
7
(
2.2)
42
(
5.4)
24
(
4.5)
13
(
2.6)
1
 
20
(
3.6)
18
(
2.2)
21
(
3.8)
11
(
3.4)
7
(
2.2)
23
(
3.4)

Control
of
school
Public
.........................
10
(
1.0)
2
(
0.2)
44
(
1.0)
29
(
0.7)
15
(
0.7)
2
(
0.2)
22
(
0.8)
22
(
0.7)
17
(
0.5)
11
(
0.5)
6
(
0.4)
19
(
0.7)
Private
........................
8
(
1.6)
1
(
0.4)
37
(
1.6)
34
(
1.5)
20
(
1.7)
5
(
1.0)
25
(
1.4)
24
(
0.9)
19
(
0.8)
10
(
0.9)
6
(
0.7)
11
(
1.3)

Type
of
location
Central
city
.................
8
(
1.0)
3
(
0.4)
41
(
1.4)
30
(
1.1)
18
(
1.2)
2
(
0.4)
21
(
0.9)
21
(
1.1)
16
(
0.6)
10
(
0.8)
7
(
0.6)
24
(
1.3)
Urban
fringe/
large
town
.........................
8
(
1.3)
2
(
0.3)
44
(
1.3)
30
(
1.2)
16
(
1.1)
3
(
0.3)
24
(
1.3)
24
(
1.0)
18
(
0.8)
10
(
0.7)
6
(
0.6)
15
(
1.0)
Rural/
small
town
........
15
(
2.3)
2
(
0.5)
44
(
2.0)
27
(
1.4)
12
(
1.2)
2
(
0.4)
22
(
1.8)
23
(
1.4)
19
(
1.0)
13
(
1.1)
6
(
0.7)
16
(
1.5)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
Main
NAEP,
National
Reading
Results,
unpublished
data,
NAEP
Data
Tool
(
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
naep3/
NAEP
data).
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
140
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
119.
 
Average
writing
performance
of
4th­,
8th­,
and
11th­
graders,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1984
to
1996
Selected
characteristics
of
students
1984
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4th­
graders
Total
...................................................
204
(
1.5)
206
(
1.6)
202
(
1.5)
207
(
1.5)
205
(
1.6)
207
(
1.2)

Male
...............................................
201
(
2.8)
199
(
2.3)
195
(
1.9)
198
(
1.7)
196
(
1.7)
200
(
1.8)
Female
...........................................
208
(
3.1)
213
(
2.0)
209
(
2.2)
216
(
1.7)
214
(
2.2)
214
(
1.9)
Race/
ethnicity
White
..............................................
211
(
1.9)
215
(
1.9)
211
(
2.0)
217
(
1.7)
214
(
1.5)
216
(
1.6)
Black
..............................................
182
(
5.0)
173
(
4.7)
171
(
5.4)
175
(
3.8)
173
(
3.2)
182
(
2.3)
Hispanic
.........................................
189
(
5.8)
190
(
3.5)
184
(
4.1)
189
(
3.6)
189
(
3.1)
191
(
3.2)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
...............
179
(
4.6)
194
(
5.4)
186
(
3.9)
191
(
3.2)
188
(
7.8)
190
(
5.5)
Graduated
high
school
...................
192
(
3.4)
199
(
3.0)
197
(
3.0)
202
(
3.2)
202
(
2.3)
203
(
2.3)
Post
high
school
............................
208
(
6.5)
211
(
6.3)
214
(
4.0)
201
(
4.5)
212
(
4.0)
205
(
5.2)
Graduated
college
..........................
218
(
3.0)
212
(
2.2)
209
(
1.6)
214
(
1.4)
212
(
2.1)
214
(
1.7)
Control
of
school
Public
.............................................
202
(
1.8)
204
(
2.0)
200
(
1.4)
205
(
1.6)
204
(
1.8)
206
(
1.5)
Private
............................................
215
(
4.6)
216
(
4.1)
216
(
5.7)
222
(
3.3)
213
(
4.3)
218
(
3.2)
Region
Northeast
........................................
212
(
4.0)
204
(
4.9)
211
(
3.6)
216
(
4.0)
210
(
4.0)
213
(
2.8)
Southeast
.......................................
204
(
3.3)
200
(
2.3)
192
(
4.0)
193
(
2.4)
198
(
3.4)
200
(
3.4)
Central
............................................
201
(
2.6)
212
(
3.0)
203
(
3.1)
214
(
3.1)
209
(
3.3)
212
(
3.1)
West
...............................................
201
(
4.9)
207
(
3.4)
201
(
2.7)
206
(
2.2)
203
(
2.7)
205
(
2.5)

8th­
graders
Total
...................................................
267
(
2.0)
264
(
1.3)
257
(
1.2)
274
(
1.3)
265
(
1.3)
264
(
1.0)

Male
...............................................
258
(
2.3)
254
(
1.5)
246
(
1.5)
264
(
1.9)
254
(
1.8)
251
(
1.1)
Female
...........................................
276
(
2.4)
274
(
1.7)
268
(
1.3)
285
(
1.3)
278
(
1.4)
276
(
1.2)
Race/
ethnicity
White
..............................................
272
(
2.1)
269
(
1.3)
262
(
1.6)
279
(
1.3)
272
(
1.4)
271
(
1.0)
Black
..............................................
247
(
5.7)
246
(
3.5)
239
(
2.3)
258
(
4.0)
245
(
3.4)
242
(
2.6)
Hispanic
.........................................
247
(
6.4)
250
(
2.5)
246
(
2.8)
265
(
2.2)
252
(
3.3)
246
(
2.3)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
...............
258
(
4.8)
254
(
3.9)
246
(
3.7)
258
(
5.3)
250
(
4.1)
245
(
4.5)
Graduated
high
school
...................
261
(
1.6)
258
(
2.1)
253
(
1.4)
268
(
1.6)
259
(
2.2)
258
(
1.9)
Post
high
school
............................
271
(
3.9)
275
(
3.3)
267
(
3.0)
280
(
2.2)
270
(
3.1)
270
(
2.4)
Graduated
college
..........................
278
(
1.8)
271
(
1.8)
265
(
1.8)
284
(
1.9)
275
(
1.3)
274
(
1.3)
Control
of
school
Public
.............................................
264
(
2.0)
262
(
1.5)
254
(
1.2)
272
(
1.3)
264
(
1.6)
263
(
1.2)
Private
............................................
282
(
5.5)
276
(
3.0)
277
(
4.4)
288
(
3.2)
279
(
3.8)
272
(
3.3)
Region
Northeast
........................................
273
(
3.6)
265
(
2.7)
261
(
3.3)
285
(
3.3)
277
(
2.2)
264
(
2.4)
Southeast
.......................................
267
(
3.6)
268
(
2.3)
252
(
2.8)
266
(
2.2)
259
(
2.1)
260
(
3.5)
Central
............................................
264
(
2.3)
258
(
2.2)
259
(
3.9)
277
(
2.0)
270
(
4.1)
268
(
2.3)
West
...............................................
264
(
3.0)
264
(
2.1)
255
(
2.6)
271
(
2.3)
259
(
1.6)
263
(
1.3)

11th­
graders
Total
...................................................
290
(
1.6)
291
(
1.3)
287
(
1.0)
287
(
1.4)
285
(
1.2)
283
(
1.2)

Male
...............................................
281
(
1.4)
282
(
2.0)
276
(
1.6)
279
(
1.2)
276
(
1.5)
275
(
1.4)
Female
...........................................
299
(
2.5)
299
(
1.2)
298
(
1.5)
296
(
2.0)
293
(
1.5)
292
(
1.4)
Race/
ethnicity
White
..............................................
297
(
1.8)
296
(
1.3)
293
(
1.2)
294
(
1.2)
291
(
1.4)
289
(
1.5)
Black
..............................................
270
(
3.6)
275
(
2.9)
268
(
2.3)
263
(
3.2)
267
(
2.2)
267
(
3.0)
Hispanic
.........................................
259
(
6.6)
274
(
4.4)
277
(
2.6)
274
(
3.8)
271
(
4.0)
269
(
2.5)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
...............
274
(
5.2)
276
(
3.5)
268
(
4.0)
271
(
3.7)
269
(
4.7)
260
(
3.0)
Graduated
high
school
...................
284
(
3.0)
285
(
2.2)
278
(
1.9)
278
(
2.2)
279
(
1.7)
275
(
1.6)
Post
high
school
............................
298
(
2.5)
296
(
2.6)
292
(
2.7)
292
(
2.0)
286
(
1.7)
287
(
2.1)
Graduated
college
..........................
300
(
2.4)
299
(
2.0)
298
(
2.0)
296
(
1.4)
293
(
1.5)
291
(
1.9)
Control
of
school
Public
.............................................
288
(
1.6)
290
(
1.2)
286
(
1.1)
287
(
1.6)
284
(
1.4)
283
(
1.4)
Private
............................................
305
(
3.7)
300
(
3.6)
306
(
5.2)
295
(
4.4)
291
(
3.8)
287
(
6.6)
Region
Northeast
........................................
291
(
3.0)
295
(
2.8)
295
(
2.5)
290
(
2.3)
291
(
2.4)
290
(
2.2)
Southeast
.......................................
287
(
4.9)
289
(
2.2)
280
(
2.3)
278
(
3.3)
277
(
2.5)
273
(
2.2)
Central
............................................
291
(
2.7)
292
(
4.0)
289
(
2.7)
291
(
2.2)
284
(
2.3)
285
(
2.5)
West
...............................................
289
(
3.7)
289
(
2.3)
285
(
2.1)
289
(
2.1)
287
(
2.7)
284
(
2.2)

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
writing
scale
score
ranges
from
0
to
500
and
is
defined
as
the
average
of
a
respondent's
estimated
scores
on
specific
writing
tasks.
The
average
response
method
is
used
to
estimate
average
writing
achievement
for
each
participant
as
if
each
had
performed
all
11
writing
tasks.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1996
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1997.)
141
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
120.
 
Student
values
and
attitudes
toward
writing,
by
grade
level:
1984
to
1994
Statements
about
writing
Percent
of
students
reporting
the
statement
is
true
more
than
half
the
time,
by
grade
level
Grade
4
Grade
8
Grade
11
1984
1990
1992
1994
1984
1990
1992
1994
1984
1990
1992
1994
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Writing
helps
me
think
more
clearly
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44
(
2.0)
46
(
1.2)
42
(
1.6)
42
(
1.1)
52
(
2.5)
47
(
1.4)
50
(
1.5)
54
(
1.2)
Writing
helps
me
tell
others
what
I
think
.........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
52
(
2.1)
56
(
1.3)
52
(
1.8)
54
(
1.3)
55
(
1.9)
58
(
1.2)
57
(
1.2)
58
(
1.4)
Writing
helps
tell
others
how
I
feel
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50
(
2.0)
56
(
1.7)
52
(
1.8)
52
(
1.5)
55
(
2.3)
60
(
1.3)
60
(
1.2)
60
(
1.4)
Writing
helps
me
understand
my
own
feelings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40
(
2.2)
47
(
1.6)
44
(
1.4)
45
(
1.4)
47
(
2.1)
50
(
1.3)
49
(
1.4)
54
(
1.7)
People
who
write
well
have
a
better
chance
of
getting
good
jobs
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
47
(
2.0)
53
(
1.3)
51
(
1.5)
51
(
1.6)
54
(
2.1)
58
(
1.5)
59
(
1.3)
58
(
1.6)

People
who
write
well
are
more
influential
..............
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
49
(
1.9)
55
(
1.3)
52
(
1.6)
51
(
1.5)
54
(
2.4)
60
(
1.2)
60
(
1.5)
57
(
1.5)
I
like
to
write
......................
56
(
2.3)
57
(
1.7)
54
(
1.4)
56
(
2.0)
39
(
2.5)
42
(
1.3)
43
(
1.8)
42
(
1.5)
40
(
2.5)
39
(
1.3)
43
(
1.7)
42
(
1.8)
I
am
a
good
writer
.............
60
(
2.1)
62
(
1.4)
63
(
1.3)
64
(
1.4)
42
(
1.8)
44
(
1.3)
44
(
1.5)
49
(
1.9)
39
(
1.9)
44
(
1.3)
49
(
1.7)
46
(
1.8)
People
like
what
I
write
.....
53
(
2.1)
56
(
1.8)
55
(
1.4)
58
(
1.6)
38
(
2.4)
39
(
1.6)
44
(
1.7)
44
(
1.8)
36
(
2.6)
42
(
1.3)
46
(
1.5)
44
(
2.2)
I
write
on
my
own
outside
of
school
........................
48
(
1.9)
42
(
1.5)
46
(
1.2)
45
(
1.8)
36
(
2.5)
35
(
1.4)
37
(
1.6)
36
(
1.7)
31
(
2.7)
28
(
1.0)
33
(
1.3)
32
(
1.9)

I
don't
like
to
write
things
that
will
be
graded
.........
38
(
2.0)
33
(
1.5)
32
(
1.2)
33
(
1.2)
31
(
2.2)
36
(
1.2)
37
(
1.8)
38
(
1.4)
27
(
1.9)
30
(
1.4)
30
(
1.2)
33
(
1.3)
If
I
didn't
have
to
write
for
school,
I
wouldn't
write
anything
.........................
33
(
1.7)
27
(
1.2)
28
(
1.2)
27
(
1.3)
17
(
2.2)
19
(
1.1)
18
(
1.1)
21
(
1.2)
15
(
1.4)
16
(
1.0)
17
(
1.2)
17
(
1.1)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
NAEP
1992
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
and
NAEP
1994
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1999.)

Table
121.
 
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
history
proficiency
levels,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
Selected
characteristics
of
students
Percentage
of
4th­
graders
Percentage
of
8th­
graders
Percentage
of
12th­
graders
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
or
above
advanced
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
or
above
advanced
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
or
above
advanced
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
students
.....................
36
(
1.1)
64
(
1.1)
17
(
1.0)
2
(
0.3)
39
(
0.9)
61
(
0.9)
14
(
0.6)
1
(
0.1)
57
(
1.1)
43
(
1.1)
11
(
0.7)
1
(
0.2)

Sex
Male
..............................
38
(
1.6)
62
(
1.6)
18
(
1.4)
2
(
0.4)
39
(
1.0)
61
(
1.0)
15
(
0.8)
1
(
0.3)
55
(
1.2)
45
(
1.2)
12
(
0.7)
1
(
0.3)
Female
.........................
35
(
1.4)
65
(
1.4)
16
(
1.1)
2
(
0.4)
39
(
1.3)
61
(
1.3)
13
(
0.8)
1
(
0.1)
60
(
1.4)
40
(
1.4)
9
(
0.8)
1
(
0.2)

Race/
ethnicity
White
............................
26
(
1.1)
74
(
1.1)
22
(
1.4)
3
(
0.5)
29
(
1.1)
71
(
1.1)
17
(
0.8)
1
(
0.2)
50
(
1.2)
50
(
1.2)
13
(
0.8)
1
(
0.2)
Black
.............................
64
(
1.8)
36
(
1.8)
4
(
1.0)
0
(
0.1)
67
(
2.3)
33
(
2.3)
4
(
0.6)
0
(
0.1)
83
(
1.6)
17
(
1.6)
2
(
0.8)
0
(
0.1)
Hispanic
........................
59
(
3.6)
41
(
3.6)
6
(
1.2)
1
(
0.4)
59
(
2.3)
41
(
2.3)
5
(
0.7)
0
(
0.1)
78
(
2.1)
22
(
2.1)
4
(
0.7)
0
(
0.3)
Asian
............................
36
(
4.7)
64
(
4.7)
22
(
5.1)
4
(
2.6)
28
(
5.1)
72
(
5.1)
23
(
4.2)
2
(
1.2)
54
(
5.4)
46
(
5.4)
16
(
4.6)
2
(
1.1)
Pacific
Islander
.............
41
(
7.1)
59
(
7.1)
16
(
4.7)
3
(
2.9)
48
(
8.7)
52
(
8.7)
11
(
4.4)
1
(
0.8)
67
(
6.4)
33
(
6.4)
7
(
3.8)
1
(
0.6)
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
...........
49
(
6.9)
51
(
6.9)
9
(
2.7)
0
(
1.1)
58
(
5.8)
42
(
5.8)
5
(
2.6)
0
(
0.0)
70
(
7.6)
30
(
7.6)
5
(
2.3)
0
(
0.0)

Region
Northeast
......................
37
(
2.4)
63
(
2.4)
18
(
2.1)
3
(
0.7)
31
(
2.0)
69
(
2.0)
19
(
1.7)
1
(
0.3)
54
(
2.4)
46
(
2.4)
13
(
1.5)
1
(
0.4)
Southeast
.....................
39
(
2.3)
61
(
2.3)
15
(
1.5)
2
(
0.5)
49
(
1.9)
51
(
1.9)
9
(
0.8)
0
(
0.2)
63
(
1.9)
37
(
1.9)
8
(
1.4)
0
(
0.3)
Central
..........................
29
(
2.8)
71
(
2.8)
20
(
2.6)
3
(
1.0)
31
(
2.3)
69
(
2.3)
17
(
1.2)
1
(
0.4)
55
(
2.0)
45
(
2.0)
11
(
1.2)
1
(
0.5)
West
.............................
39
(
2.5)
61
(
2.5)
16
(
1.8)
1
(
0.8)
42
(
1.3)
58
(
1.3)
11
(
1.2)
1
(
0.2)
57
(
2.3)
43
(
2.3)
10
(
1.2)
1
(
0.2)

Parents'
level
of
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.....................
63
(
4.1)
37
(
4.1)
2
(
1.2)
0
(
0.0)
63
(
2.2)
37
(
2.2)
3
(
0.7)
0
(
0.0)
85
(
1.9)
15
(
1.9)
1
(
0.6)
0
(
0.2)
Graduated
high
school
43
(
2.7)
57
(
2.7)
10
(
1.3)
1
(
0.4)
50
(
1.4)
50
(
1.4)
7
(
0.9)
0
(
0.1)
71
(
1.5)
29
(
1.5)
4
(
0.8)
0
(
0.1)
Some
college
...............
26
(
2.8)
74
(
2.8)
21
(
2.6)
3
(
1.0)
32
(
1.3)
68
(
1.3)
14
(
1.1)
0
(
0.2)
58
(
1.9)
42
(
1.9)
8
(
1.1)
1
(
0.3)
Graduated
college
........
26
(
1.2)
74
(
1.2)
25
(
1.7)
4
(
0.6)
26
(
1.2)
74
(
1.2)
22
(
1.1)
1
(
0.3)
44
(
1.3)
56
(
1.3)
17
(
1.0)
1
(
0.4)

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1994
U.
S.
History
Report
Card.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1999.)
142
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
122.
 
Average
student
proficiency
in
geography
and
U.
S.
history,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
Selected
characteristics
of
students
Percentage
distribution
of
12thgraders
in
geography
Geography
scores
History
scores
4th­
graders
8th­
graders
12th­
graders
4th­
graders
8th­
graders
12th­
graders
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Total
......................................................................
100
 
206
(
1.2)
260
(
0.7)
285
(
0.7)
205
(
1.0)
259
(
0.6)
286
(
0.8)

Sex
Male
.....................................................................
50
(
1.0)
208
(
1.4)
262
(
0.9)
288
(
0.8)
203
(
1.5)
259
(
0.8)
288
(
0.8)
Female
.................................................................
50
(
1.0)
203
(
1.4)
258
(
0.8)
281
(
0.9)
206
(
1.1)
259
(
0.7)
285
(
0.9)
Race
White
....................................................................
74
(
0.3)
218
(
1.5)
270
(
0.8)
291
(
0.8)
215
(
1.2)
267
(
0.8)
292
(
0.8)
Black
....................................................................
12
(
0.4)
168
(
2.5)
229
(
1.7)
258
(
1.4)
177
(
1.6)
239
(
1.4)
265
(
1.5)
Hispanic
...............................................................
8
(
0.2)
183
(
2.5)
239
(
1.9)
268
(
1.5)
180
(
2.7)
243
(
1.3)
267
(
1.6)
Parents'
level
of
education
Not
high
school
graduate
......................................
7
(
0.4)
 
 
238
(
1.7)
263
(
1.2)
 
 
241
(
1.3)
263
(
1.4)
Graduated
high
school
........................................
22
(
0.8)
 
 
250
(
1.2)
274
(
1.1)
 
 
251
(
0.8)
276
(
1.1)
Some
college
.......................................................
25
(
0.7)
 
 
265
(
1.0)
286
(
1.0)
 
 
264
(
0.8)
287
(
1.2)
Graduated
college
.................................................
44
(
1.2)
 
 
272
(
1.0)
294
(
0.9)
 
 
270
(
0.8)
296
(
0.9)
Type
of
school
Public
...................................................................
89
(
1.0)
204
(
1.4)
258
(
0.8)
283
(
0.8)
203
(
1.2)
257
(
0.7)
284
(
0.8)
Private
schools
....................................................
11
(
1.0)
221
(
2.2)
276
(
1.3)
294
(
1.6)
222
(
1.9)
278
(
1.1)
299
(
1.3)
Catholic
schools
...............................................
6
(
0.9)
222
(
2.6)
276
(
1.6)
291
(
3.0)
221
(
2.5)
279
(
1.5)
298
(
2.2)
Other
private
....................................................
4
(
0.6)
220
(
3.8)
276
(
2.6)
298
(
2.0)
224
(
3.1)
277
(
2.1)
299
(
2.2)
Region
Northeast
.............................................................
21
(
0.5)
203
(
2.7)
266
(
1.9)
284
(
1.6)
204
(
2.4)
266
(
1.7)
289
(
1.9)
Southeast
.............................................................
23
(
0.8)
200
(
2.5)
252
(
1.6)
278
(
1.1)
201
(
1.9)
251
(
1.3)
282
(
1.4)
Central
.................................................................
28
(
0.7)
215
(
3.2)
268
(
1.6)
289
(
1.8)
212
(
2.6)
266
(
1.3)
288
(
1.4)
West
.....................................................................
29
(
0.7)
205
(
1.7)
255
(
1.8)
286
(
1.9)
202
(
2.1)
256
(
1.1)
286
(
1.6)

 
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
As
with
the
NAEP
reading
scale,
these
scales
range
from
0
to
500.
However,
the
distribution
of
scores
varies
by
subject.
Therefore,
direct
score
comparisons
among
the
subjects
should
be
avoided.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
1994
U.
S.
History
Report
Card,
and
The
Geography
Report
Card,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1999.)

Table
123.
 
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
geography
proficiency
levels,
by
selected
characteristics
and
grade
level:
1994
Selected
characteristics
of
students
Percentage
of
4th­
graders
Percentage
of
8th­
graders
Percentage
of
12th­
graders
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
advanced
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
advanced
Below
basic
At
or
above
basic
At
or
above
proficient
At
advanced
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
students
....................................
30
(
1.1)
70
(
1.1)
22
(
1.2)
3
(
0.4)
29
(
1.0)
71
(
1.0)
28
(
1.0)
4
(
0.4)
30
(
0.9)
70
(
0.9)
27
(
1.2)
2
(
0.5)

Sex
Male
................................................
29
(
1.3)
71
(
1.3)
26
(
1.7)
4
(
0.7)
28
(
1.3)
72
(
1.3)
30
(
1.2)
5
(
0.6)
27
(
1.1)
73
(
1.1)
32
(
1.4)
2
(
0.7)
Female
............................................
32
(
1.4)
68
(
1.4)
19
(
1.3)
2
(
0.5)
31
(
1.1)
69
(
1.1)
25
(
1.1)
3
(
0.4)
33
(
1.2)
67
(
1.2)
22
(
1.4)
1
(
0.4)

Race/
ethnicity
White
...............................................
19
(
1.3)
81
(
1.3)
29
(
1.6)
4
(
0.6)
18
(
0.9)
82
(
0.9)
36
(
1.3)
5
(
0.5)
22
(
0.9)
78
(
0.9)
33
(
1.5)
2
(
0.6)
Black
...............................................
66
(
2.4)
34
(
2.4)
3
(
0.6)
0
(
0.2)
66
(
2.9)
34
(
2.9)
5
(
0.7)
0
(
0.3)
68
(
2.3)
32
(
2.3)
5
(
1.0)
0
(
0.1)
Hispanic
..........................................
51
(
2.7)
49
(
2.7)
10
(
1.7)
1
(
0.4)
50
(
3.6)
50
(
3.6)
10
(
1.2)
1
(
0.5)
52
(
2.8)
48
(
2.8)
10
(
1.8)
0
(
0.2)
Asian
...............................................
21
(
4.8)
79
(
4.8)
32
(
6.0)
5
(
3.3)
21
(
4.3)
79
(
4.3)
40
(
3.9)
8
(
3.6)
31
(
3.9)
69
(
3.9)
32
(
5.7)
3
(
1.6)

Region
Northeast
........................................
33
(
2.7)
67
(
2.7)
22
(
2.5)
3
(
0.8)
24
(
2.2)
76
(
2.2)
33
(
2.0)
6
(
1.0)
31
(
2.3)
69
(
2.3)
25
(
2.1)
2
(
0.6)
Southeast
........................................
36
(
2.6)
64
(
2.6)
17
(
2.0)
2
(
0.5)
38
(
2.1)
62
(
2.1)
21
(
1.6)
3
(
0.5)
40
(
1.5)
60
(
1.5)
20
(
1.3)
1
(
0.6)
Central
............................................
22
(
2.6)
78
(
2.6)
28
(
3.3)
4
(
1.3)
20
(
1.7)
80
(
1.7)
36
(
2.1)
6
(
0.9)
25
(
2.1)
75
(
2.1)
32
(
2.9)
2
(
1.0)
West
................................................
30
(
1.7)
70
(
1.7)
21
(
1.7)
3
(
0.6)
33
(
2.4)
67
(
2.4)
23
(
2.0)
3
(
0.7)
28
(
2.1)
72
(
2.1)
29
(
2.6)
2
(
0.7)

Parents'
level
of
education
Not
high
school
graduate
...............
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
53
(
3.4)
47
(
3.4)
8
(
1.6)
1
(
0.5)
59
(
2.9)
41
(
2.9)
7
(
2.0)
0
(
0.0)
Graduated
high
school
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38
(
2.0)
62
(
2.0)
15
(
1.5)
1
(
0.6)
44
(
2.0)
56
(
2.0)
14
(
1.6)
0
(
0.3)
Some
college
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21
(
1.3)
79
(
1.3)
29
(
2.3)
3
(
0.8)
25
(
1.5)
75
(
1.5)
24
(
1.8)
1
(
0.7)
Graduated
college
..........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18
(
1.2)
82
(
1.2)
41
(
1.4)
7
(
0.7)
19
(
1.1)
81
(
1.1)
40
(
1.6)
3
(
0.8)

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1994
Geography
Report
Card.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1999.)
143
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
124.
 
Average
mathematics
proficiency,
by
age
and
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1973
to
1999
Selected
characteristics
of
students
1973
1978
1982
1986
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9­
year­
olds
Total
..................................................
219.0
(
0.8)
218.6
(
0.8)
219.0
(
1.1)
221.7
(
1.0)
229.6
(
0.8)
229.6
(
0.8)
231.1
(
0.8)
231.0
(
0.8)
232.0
(
0.8)

Male
..............................................
218.0
(
0.7)
217.4
(
0.7)
217.1
(
1.2)
221.7
(
1.1)
229.1
(
0.9)
230.8
(
1.0)
232.2
(
1.0)
232.9
(
1.2)
232.9
(
1.0)
Female
..........................................
220.0
(
1.1)
219.9
(
1.0)
220.8
(
1.2)
221.7
(
1.2)
230.2
(
1.1)
228.4
(
1.0)
230.0
(
0.9)
229.0
(
0.7)
231.2
(
0.9)
Race/
ethnicity
White
............................................
225.0
(
1.0)
224.1
(
0.9)
224.0
(
1.1)
226.9
(
1.1)
235.2
(
0.8)
235.1
(
0.8)
236.8
(
1.0)
236.9
(
1.0)
238.8
(
0.9)
Black
.............................................
190.0
(
1.8)
192.4
(
1.1)
194.9
(
1.6)
201.6
(
1.6)
208.4
(
2.2)
208.0
(
2.0)
212.1
(
1.6)
211.6
(
1.4)
210.9
(
1.6)
Hispanic
........................................
202.0
(
2.4)
202.9
(
2.2)
204.0
(
1.3)
205.4
(
2.1)
213.8
(
2.1)
211.9
(
2.3)
209.9
(
2.3)
214.7
(
1.7)
212.9
(
1.9)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
 
 
200.3
(
1.5)
199.0
(
1.7)
200.6
(
2.5)
210.4
(
2.3)
216.7
(
2.2)
210.0
(
3.0)
219.8
(
3.3)
213.5
(
2.8)
Graduated
high
school
.................
 
 
219.2
(
1.1)
218.3
(
1.1)
218.4
(
1.6)
226.2
(
1.2)
222.0
(
1.5)
225.3
(
1.3)
221.2
(
1.7)
224.4
(
1.7)
Some
education
after
high
school
................................
 
 
230.1
(
1.7)
225.2
(
2.1)
228.6
(
2.1)
235.8
(
2.0)
237.4
(
1.9)
239.3
(
2.1)
238.2
(
2.5)
236.7
(
1.9)
Graduated
college
........................
 
 
231.3
(
1.1)
228.8
(
1.5)
231.3
(
1.1)
237.6
(
1.3)
236.2
(
1.0)
237.8
(
0.8)
239.7
(
1.4)
239.7
(
0.8)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
217.2
(
0.8)
217.0
(
1.1)
220.1
(
1.2)
228.6
(
0.9)
227.7
(
0.9)
229.3
(
0.9)
229.7
(
0.8)
230.6
(
0.9)
Private
..........................................
 
 
230.5
(
1.7)
231.8
(
2.1)
230.0
(
2.5)
238.1
(
2.3)
241.5
(
1.7)
244.5
(
2.3)
239.1
(
2.1)
242.0
(
1.9)
Region
Northeast
......................................
227.0
(
1.9)
226.9
(
1.9)
225.7
(
1.8)
226.0
(
2.7)
235.8
(
2.1)
234.8
(
1.9)
237.6
(
2.2)
236.4
(
2.0)
241.5
(
1.7)
Southeast
.....................................
208.0
(
1.3)
208.9
(
1.2)
210.4
(
2.5)
217.8
(
2.5)
223.9
(
2.4)
221.0
(
1.7)
229.0
(
1.4)
226.9
(
2.0)
226.5
(
2.6)
Central
..........................................
224.0
(
1.5)
224.0
(
1.5)
221.1
(
2.7)
226.0
(
2.3)
230.7
(
1.3)
233.7
(
1.6)
233.1
(
1.8)
233.0
(
2.3)
233.0
(
1.4)
West
.............................................
216.0
(
2.2)
213.5
(
1.3)
219.3
(
1.8)
217.2
(
2.4)
228.5
(
1.8)
229.0
(
2.3)
226.0
(
1.6)
228.6
(
1.3)
228.1
(
1.7)

13­
year­
olds
Total
..................................................
266.0
(
1.1)
264.1
(
1.1)
268.6
(
1.1)
269.0
(
1.2)
270.4
(
0.9)
273.1
(
0.9)
274.3
(
1.0)
274.3
(
0.8)
275.8
(
0.8)

Male
..............................................
265.0
(
1.3)
263.6
(
1.3)
269.2
(
1.4)
270.0
(
1.1)
271.2
(
1.2)
274.1
(
1.1)
276.0
(
1.3)
276.3
(
0.9)
277.2
(
0.9)
Female
..........................................
267.0
(
1.1)
264.7
(
1.1)
268.0
(
1.1)
267.9
(
1.5)
269.6
(
0.9)
272.0
(
1.0)
272.7
(
1.0)
272.4
(
1.0)
274.5
(
1.1)
Race/
ethnicity
White
............................................
274.0
(
0.9)
271.6
(
0.8)
274.4
(
1.0)
273.6
(
1.3)
276.3
(
1.1)
278.9
(
0.9)
280.8
(
0.9)
281.2
(
0.9)
283.1
(
0.8)
Black
.............................................
228.0
(
1.9)
229.6
(
1.9)
240.4
(
1.6)
249.2
(
2.3)
249.1
(
2.3)
250.2
(
1.9)
251.5
(
3.5)
252.1
(
1.3)
251.0
(
2.6)
Hispanic
........................................
239.0
(
2.2)
238.0
(
2.0)
252.4
(
1.7)
254.3
(
2.9)
254.6
(
1.8)
259.3
(
1.8)
256.0
(
1.9)
255.7
(
1.6)
259.2
(
1.7)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
 
 
244.7
(
1.2)
251.0
(
1.4)
252.3
(
2.3)
253.4
(
1.8)
255.5
(
1.0)
254.5
(
2.1)
253.7
(
2.4)
256.2
(
2.8)
Graduated
high
school
.................
 
 
263.1
(
1.0)
262.9
(
0.8)
262.7
(
1.2)
262.6
(
1.2)
263.2
(
1.2)
265.7
(
1.1)
266.8
(
1.1)
264.0
(
1.1)
Some
education
after
high
school
................................
 
 
273.1
(
1.2)
275.1
(
0.9)
273.7
(
0.8)
277.1
(
1.0)
277.6
(
1.0)
277.3
(
1.6)
277.5
(
1.4)
279.4
(
0.9)
Graduated
college
........................
 
 
283.8
(
1.2)
282.3
(
1.5)
279.9
(
1.4)
280.4
(
1.0)
282.8
(
1.0)
284.9
(
1.2)
282.9
(
1.2)
285.8
(
1.0)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
262.6
(
1.2)
267.1
(
1.3)
268.7
(
1.2)
269.3
(
1.0)
271.7
(
1.0)
273.0
(
1.1)
272.9
(
0.9)
274.2
(
1.2)
Private
..........................................
 
 
279.2
(
1.4)
281.1
(
2.1)
275.7
(
4.9)
279.9
(
1.7)
283.3
(
2.5)
284.6
(
2.4)
285.5
(
3.6)
288.5
(
2.6)
Region
Northeast
......................................
275.0
(
2.4)
272.7
(
2.4)
276.9
(
2.0)
276.6
(
2.2)
274.7
(
2.3)
273.6
(
2.2)
284.2
(
1.5)
275.1
(
2.1)
278.7
(
2.7)
Southeast
.....................................
255.0
(
3.2)
252.7
(
3.3)
258.1
(
2.2)
263.5
(
1.4)
265.7
(
1.9)
271.0
(
2.5)
268.6
(
2.0)
270.0
(
1.8)
270.2
(
2.3)
Central
..........................................
271.0
(
1.8)
269.4
(
1.8)
272.8
(
2.1)
266.1
(
4.5)
272.2
(
2.4)
275.4
(
1.5)
275.0
(
3.4)
280.4
(
1.3)
277.8
(
1.8)
West
.............................................
262.0
(
1.9)
260.0
(
1.9)
266.0
(
2.4)
270.4
(
2.1)
269.1
(
1.6)
272.3
(
1.4)
271.5
(
1.7)
272.6
(
1.9)
276.1
(
1.4)

17­
year­
olds
Total
..................................................
304.0
(
1.1)
300.4
(
1.0)
298.5
(
0.9)
302.0
(
0.9)
304.6
(
0.9)
306.7
(
0.9)
306.2
(
1.0)
307.2
(
1.2)
308.2
(
1.0)

Male
..............................................
309.0
(
1.2)
303.8
(
1.0)
301.5
(
1.0)
304.7
(
1.2)
306.3
(
1.1)
308.9
(
1.1)
308.5
(
1.4)
309.5
(
1.3)
309.8
(
1.4)
Female
..........................................
301.0
(
1.1)
297.1
(
1.0)
295.6
(
1.0)
299.4
(
1.0)
302.9
(
1.1)
304.5
(
1.1)
304.1
(
1.1)
304.9
(
1.4)
306.8
(
1.0)
Race/
ethnicity
White
............................................
310.0
(
1.1)
305.9
(
0.9)
303.7
(
0.9)
307.5
(
1.0)
309.5
(
1.0)
311.9
(
0.8)
312.3
(
1.1)
313.4
(
1.4)
314.8
(
1.1)
Black
.............................................
270.0
(
1.3)
268.4
(
1.3)
271.8
(
1.2)
278.6
(
2.1)
288.5
(
2.8)
285.8
(
2.2)
285.5
(
1.8)
286.4
(
1.7)
283.3
(
1.5)
Hispanic
........................................
277.0
(
2.2)
276.3
(
2.3)
276.7
(
1.8)
283.1
(
2.9)
283.5
(
2.9)
292.2
(
2.6)
290.8
(
3.7)
292.0
(
2.1)
292.7
(
2.5)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.............
 
 
279.6
(
1.2)
279.3
(
1.0)
279.3
(
2.3)
285.4
(
2.2)
285.5
(
2.3)
283.7
(
2.4)
280.5
(
2.4)
289.2
(
1.8)
Graduated
high
school
.................
 
 
293.9
(
0.8)
293.4
(
0.8)
293.1
(
1.0)
293.7
(
0.9)
297.6
(
1.7)
295.3
(
1.1)
297.3
(
2.4)
299.1
(
1.6)
Some
education
after
high
school
................................
 
 
305.3
(
0.9)
303.9
(
0.9)
305.2
(
1.2)
307.7
(
1.0)
307.5
(
1.1)
305.0
(
1.3)
306.7
(
1.5)
307.6
(
1.6)
Graduated
college
........................
 
 
316.8
(
1.0)
312.4
(
1.0)
313.9
(
1.4)
316.2
(
1.3)
315.9
(
1.0)
317.6
(
1.4)
316.6
(
1.3)
316.5
(
1.2)
Control
of
school
Public
............................................
 
 
299.6
(
1.0)
297.3
(
0.9)
301.2
(
1.0)
303.5
(
0.8)
305.3
(
0.9)
304.4
(
0.9)
306.4
(
1.1)
306.7
(
1.0)
Private
..........................................
 
 
314.3
(
3.2)
311.4
(
1.7)
320.1
(
9.8)
317.7
(
6.6)
320.4
(
3.0)
319.4
(
4.0)
315.5
(
4.5)
320.6
(
4.1)
Region
Northeast
......................................
312.0
(
1.8)
306.7
(
1.8)
304.0
(
2.0)
307.4
(
1.9)
303.8
(
2.1)
311.4
(
2.0)
312.7
(
2.9)
308.7
(
3.0)
312.9
(
2.4)
Southeast
.....................................
296.0
(
1.8)
292.3
(
1.7)
292.3
(
2.1)
297.3
(
1.4)
301.0
(
2.3)
301.3
(
1.9)
300.9
(
1.6)
302.7
(
2.1)
299.5
(
1.4)
Central
..........................................
306.0
(
1.8)
305.2
(
1.9)
302.0
(
1.4)
303.6
(
1.9)
311.2
(
2.1)
312.2
(
2.0)
307.0
(
2.2)
314.0
(
2.0)
309.6
(
2.0)
West
.............................................
303.0
(
2.0)
295.5
(
1.8)
294.1
(
1.9)
299.3
(
2.7)
302.1
(
1.5)
303.1
(
1.5)
304.8
(
2.4)
303.8
(
2.3)
310.4
(
2.0)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
All
age
groups
exclude
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Performers
at
the
150
level
know
some
basic
addition
and
subtraction
facts,
and
most
can
add
2­
digit
numbers
without
regrouping.
They
recognize
simple
situations
in
which
addition
and
subtraction
apply.
Performers
at
the
200
level
have
considerable
understanding
of
2­
digit
numbers
and
know
some
basic
multiplication
and
division
facts.
Performers
at
the
250
level
have
an
initial
understanding
of
the
four
basic
operations.
They
can
also
compare
information
from
graphs
and
charts,
and
are
developing
an
ability
to
analyze
simple
logical
relations.
Performers
at
the
300
level
can
compute
decimals,
simple
fractions
and
percents.
They
can
identify
geometric
figures,
measure
lengths
and
angles,
and
calculate
areas
of
rectangles
They
are
developing
the
skills
to
operate
with
signed
numbers,
exponents,
and
square
roots.
Performers
at
the
350
level
can
apply
a
range
of
reasoning
skills
to
solve
multistep
problems.
They
can
solve
routine
problems
involving
fractions
and
percents,
recognize
properties
of
basic
geometric
figures,
and
work
with
exponents
and
square
roots.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
144
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
125.
 
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
mathematics
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control
of
school,
and
age:
1978
to
1999
Sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control,
and
year
9­
year­
olds
1
13­
year­
olds
2
17­
year­
olds
2
Simple
arithmetic
facts
3
Beginning
skills
and
understanding
4
Numerical
operations
and
beginning
problem
solving
5
Moderately
complex
procedures
and
reasoning
6
Beginning
skills
and
understanding
4
Numerical
operations
and
beginning
problem
solving
5
Moderately
complex
procedures
and
reasoning
6
Multi­
step
problem
solving
and
algebra
7
Beginning
skills
and
understanding
4
Numerical
operations
and
beginning
problem
solving
5
Moderately
complex
procedures
and
reasoning
6
Multi­
step
problem
solving
and
algebra
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
1978
.................................
96.7
(
0.3)
70.4
(
0.9)
19.6
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.1)
94.6
(
0.5)
64.9
(
1.2)
18.0
(
0.7)
1.0
(
0.2)
99.8
(
0.1)
92.0
(
0.5)
51.5
(
1.1)
7.3
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
97.1
(
0.3)
71.4
(
1.2)
18.8
(
1.0)
0.6
(
0.1)
97.7
(
0.4)
71.4
(
1.2)
17.4
(
0.9)
0.5
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.0)
93.0
(
0.5)
48.5
(
1.3)
5.5
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
97.9
(
0.3)
74.1
(
1.2)
20.7
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.2)
98.6
(
0.2)
73.3
(
1.6)
15.8
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.1)
99.9
 
95.6
(
0.5)
51.7
(
1.4)
6.5
(
0.5)
1990
.................................
99.1
(
0.2)
81.5
(
1.0)
27.7
(
0.9)
1.2
(
0.3)
98.5
(
0.2)
74.7
(
1.0)
17.3
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.1)
100.0
 
96.0
(
0.5)
56.1
(
1.4)
7.2
(
0.6)
1992
.................................
99.0
(
0.2)
81.4
(
0.8)
27.8
(
0.9)
1.2
(
0.3)
98.7
(
0.3)
77.9
(
1.1)
18.9
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.6
(
0.5)
59.1
(
1.3)
7.2
(
0.6)
1994
.................................
99.0
(
0.2)
82.0
(
0.7)
29.9
(
1.1)
1.3
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.3)
78.1
(
1.1)
21.3
(
1.4)
0.6
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.5
(
0.5)
58.6
(
1.4)
7.4
(
0.8)
1996
.................................
99.1
(
0.2)
81.5
(
0.8)
29.7
(
1.0)
1.6
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.2)
78.6
(
0.9)
20.6
(
1.2)
0.6
(
0.1)
100.0
 
96.8
(
0.4)
60.1
(
1.7)
7.4
(
0.8)
1999
.................................
98.9
(
0.2)
82.5
(
0.8)
30.9
(
1.1)
1.7
(
0.3)
98.7
(
0.2)
78.8
(
1.0)
23.2
(
1.0)
0.9
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.8
(
0.5)
60.7
(
1.6)
8.4
(
0.8)

Male
1978
.................................
96.2
(
0.5)
68.9
(
1.0)
19.2
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.2)
93.9
(
0.5)
63.9
(
1.3)
18.4
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.2)
99.9
(
0.1)
93.0
(
0.5)
55.1
(
1.2)
9.5
(
0.6)
1982
.................................
96.5
(
0.5)
68.8
(
1.3)
18.1
(
1.1)
0.6
(
0.1)
97.5
(
0.6)
71.3
(
1.4)
18.9
(
1.2)
0.7
(
0.2)
100.0
 
93.9
(
0.6)
51.9
(
1.5)
6.9
(
0.7)
1986
.................................
98.0
(
0.5)
74.0
(
1.4)
20.9
(
1.1)
0.7
(
0.3)
98.5
(
0.3)
73.8
(
1.8)
17.6
(
1.1)
0.5
(
0.2)
99.9
 
96.1
(
0.6)
54.6
(
1.8)
8.4
(
0.9)
1990
.................................
99.0
(
0.3)
80.6
(
1.0)
27.5
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.4)
98.2
(
0.3)
75.1
(
1.8)
19.0
(
1.2)
0.5
(
0.2)
99.9
 
95.8
(
0.8)
57.6
(
1.4)
8.8
(
0.8)
1992
.................................
99.0
(
0.3)
81.9
(
1.0)
29.4
(
1.2)
1.4
(
0.3)
98.8
(
0.4)
78.1
(
1.6)
20.7
(
1.1)
0.5
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.9
(
0.6)
60.5
(
1.8)
9.1
(
0.7)
1994
.................................
99.1
(
0.3)
82.3
(
0.9)
31.5
(
1.6)
1.4
(
0.4)
98.3
(
0.4)
78.9
(
1.5)
23.9
(
1.6)
0.8
(
0.3)
100.0
 
97.3
(
0.6)
60.2
(
2.1)
9.3
(
1.0)
1996
.................................
99.1
(
0.2)
82.5
(
1.1)
32.7
(
1.7)
2.0
(
0.5)
98.7
(
0.3)
79.8
(
1.4)
23.0
(
1.6)
0.8
(
0.2)
100.0
 
97.0
(
0.7)
62.7
(
1.8)
9.5
(
1.3)
1999
.................................
98.8
(
0.3)
82.6
(
0.9)
32.4
(
1.3)
1.9
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.3)
79.3
(
1.1)
25.4
(
1.2)
1.2
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.5
(
0.8)
63.1
(
2.1)
9.8
(
1.1)

Female
1978
.................................
97.2
(
0.3)
72.0
(
1.1)
19.9
(
1.0)
0.8
(
0.2)
95.2
(
0.5)
65.9
(
1.2)
17.5
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.2)
99.7
(
0.1)
91.0
(
0.6)
48.2
(
1.3)
5.2
(
0.7)
1982
.................................
97.6
(
0.3)
74.0
(
1.3)
19.6
(
1.1)
0.5
(
0.1)
98.0
(
0.3)
71.4
(
1.3)
15.9
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.2)
99.9
(
0.0)
92.1
(
0.6)
45.3
(
1.4)
4.1
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
97.8
(
0.4)
74.3
(
1.3)
20.6
(
1.3)
0.6
(
0.3)
98.6
(
0.3)
72.7
(
1.9)
14.1
(
1.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
100.0
 
95.1
(
0.7)
48.9
(
1.7)
4.7
(
0.6)
1990
.................................
99.1
(
0.3)
82.3
(
1.3)
27.9
(
1.3)
1.0
(
0.3)
98.9
(
0.2)
74.4
(
1.3)
15.7
(
1.0)
0.2
(
0.1)
100.0
 
96.2
(
0.8)
54.7
(
1.8)
5.6
(
0.8)
1992
.................................
99.0
(
0.3)
80.9
(
1.1)
26.3
(
1.5)
1.0
(
0.4)
98.6
(
0.2)
77.7
(
1.1)
17.2
(
1.4)
0.3
 
100.0
 
96.3
(
0.8)
57.7
(
1.6)
5.2
(
0.8)
1994
.................................
98.9
(
0.3)
81.7
(
0.9)
28.3
(
1.3)
1.1
(
0.4)
98.7
(
0.3)
77.3
(
1.0)
18.7
(
1.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
100.0
 
96.0
(
0.6)
57.2
(
1.4)
5.5
(
0.9)
1996
.................................
99.1
(
0.4)
80.7
(
0.9)
26.7
(
1.1)
1.2
(
0.4)
98.8
(
0.3)
77.4
(
1.1)
18.4
(
1.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.7
(
0.6)
57.6
(
2.2)
5.3
(
0.8)
1999
.................................
99.0
(
0.2)
82.5
(
1.2)
29.4
(
1.4)
1.6
(
0.4)
99.0
(
0.4)
78.4
(
1.2)
21.0
(
1.4)
0.6
(
0.3)
100.0
 
97.2
(
0.4)
58.5
(
1.9)
7.1
(
1.1)

White,
non­
Hispanic
1978
.................................
98.3
(
0.2)
76.3
(
1.0)
22.9
(
0.9)
0.9
(
0.2)
97.6
(
0.3)
72.9
(
0.9)
21.4
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.2)
100.0
 
95.6
(
0.3)
57.6
(
1.1)
8.5
(
0.5)
1982
.................................
98.5
(
0.3)
76.8
(
1.2)
21.8
(
1.1)
0.6
(
0.1)
99.1
(
0.1)
78.3
(
0.9)
20.5
(
1.0)
0.6
(
0.1)
100.0
 
96.2
(
0.3)
54.7
(
1.4)
6.4
(
0.5)
1986
.................................
98.8
(
0.2)
79.6
(
1.3)
24.6
(
1.0)
0.8
(
0.3)
99.3
(
0.3)
78.9
(
1.7)
18.6
(
1.2)
0.4
(
0.1)
100.0
 
98.0
(
0.4)
59.1
(
1.7)
7.9
(
0.7)
1990
.................................
99.6
(
0.2)
86.9
(
0.9)
32.7
(
1.0)
1.5
(
0.4)
99.4
(
0.1)
82.0
(
1.0)
21.0
(
1.2)
0.4
(
0.2)
100.0
 
97.6
(
0.3)
63.2
(
1.6)
8.3
(
0.7)
1992
.................................
99.6
(
0.1)
86.9
(
0.7)
32.4
(
1.0)
1.4
(
0.3)
99.6
(
0.2)
84.9
(
1.1)
22.8
(
1.3)
0.4
(
0.2)
100.0
 
98.3
(
0.4)
66.4
(
1.4)
8.7
(
0.9)
1994
.................................
99.6
(
0.2)
87.0
(
0.8)
35.3
(
1.3)
1.5
(
0.4)
99.3
(
0.2)
85.5
(
0.9)
25.6
(
1.6)
0.7
(
0.3)
100.0
 
98.4
(
0.4)
67.0
(
1.4)
9.4
(
1.1)
1996
.................................
99.6
(
0.1)
86.6
(
0.8)
35.7
(
1.4)
2.0
(
0.4)
99.6
(
0.2)
86.4
(
1.0)
25.4
(
1.5)
0.8
(
0.2)
100.0
 
98.7
(
0.4)
68.7
(
2.2)
9.2
(
1.0)
1999
.................................
99.6
(
0.1)
88.6
(
0.8)
37.1
(
1.4)
2.2
(
0.4)
99.4
(
0.3)
86.7
(
0.9)
29.0
(
1.3)
1.2
(
0.3)
100.0
 
98.7
(
0.4)
69.9
(
2.0)
10.4
(
1.1)

Black,
non­
Hispanic
1978
.................................
88.4
(
1.0)
42.0
(
1.4)
4.1
(
0.6)
0.0
 
79.7
(
1.5)
28.7
(
2.1)
2.3
(
0.5)
0.0
 
98.8
(
0.3)
70.7
(
1.7)
16.8
(
1.6)
0.5
(
0.2)
1982
.................................
90.2
(
1.0)
46.1
(
2.4)
4.4
(
0.8)
0.0
 
90.2
(
1.6)
37.9
(
2.5)
2.9
(
1.0)
0.0
 
99.7
(
0.2)
76.4
(
1.5)
17.1
(
1.5)
0.5
(
0.3)
1986
.................................
93.9
(
1.4)
53.4
(
2.5)
5.6
(
0.9)
0.1
 
95.4
(
0.9)
49.0
(
3.7)
4.0
(
1.4)
0.1
 
100.0
 
85.6
(
2.5)
20.8
(
2.8)
0.2
 
1990
.................................
96.9
(
0.9)
60.0
(
2.8)
9.4
(
1.7)
0.1
 
95.4
(
1.1)
48.7
(
3.6)
3.9
(
1.6)
0.1
 
99.9
 
92.4
(
2.2)
32.8
(
4.5)
2.0
(
1.0)
1992
.................................
96.6
(
1.1)
59.8
(
2.8)
9.6
(
1.4)
0.1
 
95.0
(
1.4)
51.0
(
2.7)
4.0
(
0.7)
0.1
 
100.0
 
89.6
(
2.5)
29.8
(
3.9)
0.9
 
1994
.................................
97.4
(
1.0)
65.9
(
2.6)
11.1
(
1.7)
0.0
 
95.6
(
1.6)
51.0
(
3.9)
6.4
(
2.4)
0.3
 
100.0
 
90.6
(
1.8)
29.8
(
3.4)
0.4
 
1996
.................................
97.3
(
0.8)
65.3
(
2.4)
10.0
(
1.2)
0.1
 
96.2
(
1.3)
53.7
(
2.6)
4.8
(
1.1)
0.1
 
100.0
 
90.6
(
1.3)
31.2
(
2.5)
0.9
 
1999
.................................
96.4
(
0.6)
63.3
(
2.1)
12.3
(
1.5)
0.2
 
96.5
(
1.1)
50.8
(
4.0)
4.4
(
1.4)
0.0
 
99.9
 
88.6
(
2.0)
26.6
(
2.7)
1.0
 
Hispanic
1978
.................................
93.0
(
1.2)
54.2
(
2.8)
9.2
(
2.5)
0.2
 
86.4
(
0.9)
36.0
(
2.9)
4.0
(
1.0)
0.1
 
99.3
(
0.4)
78.3
(
2.3)
23.4
(
2.7)
1.4
(
0.6)
1982
.................................
94.3
(
1.2)
55.7
(
2.3)
7.8
(
1.7)
0.0
 
95.9
(
0.9)
52.2
(
2.5)
6.3
(
1.0)
0.0
 
99.8
 
81.4
(
1.9)
21.6
(
2.2)
0.7
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
96.4
(
1.3)
57.6
(
2.9)
7.3
(
2.8)
0.1
 
96.9
(
1.4)
56.0
(
5.0)
5.5
(
1.1)
0.2
 
99.4
 
89.3
(
2.5)
26.5
(
4.5)
1.1
 
1990
.................................
98.0
(
0.8)
68.4
(
3.0)
11.3
(
3.5)
0.2
 
96.8
(
1.1)
56.7
(
3.3)
6.4
(
1.7)
0.1
 
99.6
 
85.8
(
4.2)
30.1
(
3.1)
1.9
(
0.8)
1992
.................................
97.2
(
1.3)
65.0
(
2.9)
11.7
(
2.5)
0.1
 
98.1
(
0.7)
63.3
(
2.7)
7.0
(
1.2)
0.0
 
100.0
 
94.1
(
2.2)
39.2
(
4.9)
1.2
 
1994
.................................
97.2
(
1.2)
63.5
(
3.1)
9.7
(
1.8)
0.0
 
97.1
(
1.3)
59.2
(
2.2)
6.4
(
1.8)
0.0
 
100.0
 
91.8
(
3.6)
38.3
(
5.5)
1.4
 
1996
.................................
98.1
(
0.7)
67.1
(
2.1)
13.8
(
2.3)
0.2
 
96.2
(
0.8)
58.3
(
2.3)
6.7
(
1.2)
0.0
 
99.9
 
92.2
(
2.2)
40.1
(
3.5)
1.8
 
1999
.................................
98.1
(
0.7)
67.5
(
2.5)
10.5
(
1.6)
0.1
 
97.2
(
0.6)
62.9
(
2.5)
8.2
(
1.4)
0.1
 
99.9
 
93.6
(
2.2)
37.7
(
4.1)
3.1
(
1.1)

Public
1978
.................................
96.4
(
0.3)
68.8
(
0.9)
18.5
(
0.7)
0.7
(
0.2)
94.1
(
0.5)
63.3
(
1.2)
17.0
(
0.8)
0.9
(
0.2)
99.8
(
0.1)
91.7
(
0.5)
50.6
(
1.2)
7.0
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
96.8
(
0.4)
69.4
(
1.2)
17.3
(
0.9)
0.5
(
0.1)
97.5
(
0.4)
69.7
(
1.3)
16.4
(
1.0)
0.5
(
0.1)
99.9
(
0.0)
92.5
(
0.6)
46.9
(
1.3)
5.2
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
97.7
(
0.3)
72.7
(
1.4)
19.1
(
1.1)
0.6
(
0.2)
98.5
(
0.3)
72.9
(
1.7)
15.6
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.1)
99.9
 
95.5
(
0.5)
50.7
(
1.6)
6.1
(
0.5)
1990
.................................
99.0
(
0.2)
80.5
(
1.1)
26.8
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.3)
98.4
(
0.2)
73.3
(
1.2)
16.7
(
1.1)
0.3
(
0.1)
100.0
 
95.8
(
0.6)
55.0
(
1.3)
6.5
(
0.5)
1992
.................................
98.8
(
0.3)
79.7
(
0.9)
26.1
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.3)
98.5
(
0.3)
76.3
(
1.2)
18.0
(
1.0)
0.3
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.3
(
0.6)
56.9
(
1.2)
6.7
(
0.7)
1994
.................................
98.9
(
0.3)
80.6
(
0.8)
27.9
(
1.2)
1.1
(
0.4)
98.5
(
0.3)
76.7
(
1.2)
20.0
(
1.4)
0.6
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.2
(
0.5)
56.2
(
1.3)
6.4
(
0.7)
1996
.................................
99.0
(
0.2)
80.7
(
0.8)
28.3
(
1.1)
1.5
(
0.3)
98.6
(
0.2)
77.2
(
0.9)
19.2
(
1.3)
0.6
(
0.1)
100.0
 
96.7
(
0.5)
59.0
(
1.8)
7.1
(
0.7)
1999
.................................
98.8
(
0.2)
81.4
(
1.0)
29.4
(
1.2)
1.6
(
0.3)
98.7
(
0.2)
77.3
(
1.3)
21.6
(
1.3)
0.8
(
0.2)
100.0
 
96.4
(
0.5)
58.6
(
1.6)
7.9
(
0.7)

Private
1978
.................................
99.0
 
83.3
(
1.9)
28.4
(
2.0)
1.2
(
0.4)
99.0
(
0.4)
80.8
(
1.7)
26.9
(
1.8)
1.4
(
0.4)
100.0
 
97.1
(
0.6)
67.7
(
3.3)
12.9
(
2.7)
1982
.................................
99.0
(
0.4)
84.3
(
2.1)
28.6
(
2.6)
1.0
(
0.6)
99.5
(
0.3)
85.1
(
1.6)
26.3
(
3.1)
1.0
(
0.3)
100.0
 
98.1
(
0.5)
66.3
(
2.4)
8.2
(
1.4)
1986
.................................
98.7
(
0.8)
81.8
(
2.3)
28.9
(
2.7)
1.1
(
0.6)
98.9
(
0.6)
81.9
(
3.3)
22.0
(
6.8)
0.1
 
100.0
 
99.4
 
75.1
(
10.6)
16.3
(
9.1)
1990
.................................
99.7
 
89.3
(
1.8)
35.2
(
3.3)
1.8
(
1.2)
99.7
 
87.0
(
2.0)
23.2
(
2.5)
0.7
(
0.4)
100.0
 
98.2
(
1.2)
71.0
(
7.9)
15.7
(
5.3)
1992
.................................
99.8
(
0.1)
92.2
(
1.2)
38.6
(
2.7)
1.9
(
0.7)
99.9
 
89.7
(
2.1)
25.9
(
3.7)
0.7
(
0.4)
100.0
 
99.5
 
79.5
(
3.7)
12.2
(
2.7)
1994
.................................
99.8
 
92.3
(
1.3)
44.4
(
4.0)
2.2
(
0.8)
98.7
 
88.5
(
2.6)
30.7
(
3.7)
1.0
 
100.0
 
98.8
(
0.6)
75.7
(
4.3)
14.5
(
3.5)
1996
.................................
99.6
 
87.1
(
1.5)
38.7
(
3.0)
2.1
(
1.1)
99.6
 
89.3
(
3.5)
31.6
(
4.8)
1.0
(
0.6)
100.0
 
98.5
(
0.8)
71.5
(
6.4)
10.4
(
4.0)
1999
.................................
99.8
 
90.5
(
1.6)
40.6
(
2.9)
2.6
(
0.9)
99.2
 
90.4
(
2.6)
35.4
(
3.1)
1.9
(
0.8)
100.0
 
99.7
 
78.2
(
6.1)
13.1
(
4.6)

 
Not
available.
1
Virtually
no
students
were
able
to
perform
multistep
problems
and
algebra.
2
Virtually
all
students
knew
simple
arithmetic
facts.
Data
are
only
for
students
enrolled
in
school.
3
Scale
score
of
150
or
above.
4
Scale
score
of
200
or
above.
5
Scale
score
of
250
or
above.
6
Scale
score
of
300
or
above.
7
Scale
score
of
350
or
above.
NOTE:
Mathematics
proficiency
levels
measured
by
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
145
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
126.
 
Mathematics
performance
of
17­
year­
olds,
by
highest
mathematics
course
taken,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity:
1978
to
1999
Year,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
Percent
of
students
Average
proficiency
by
highest
mathematics
course
taken
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
All
areas
Prealgebra
or
general
mathematics
Algebra
I
Geometry
Algebra
II
Precalculus
or
calculus
Level
200
1
Level
250
2
Level
300
3
Level
350
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1978
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
300.4
(
1.0)
267
(
0.8)
286
(
0.7)
307
(
0.7)
321
(
0.7)
334
(
1.4)
99.8
(
0.1)
92.0
(
0.5)
51.5
(
1.1)
7.3
(
0.4)
Male
........................................
48.7
(
0.5)
303.8
(
1.0)
269
(
1.0)
289
(
0.9)
310
(
1.0)
325
(
0.8)
337
(
2.0)
99.9
(
0.1)
93.0
(
0.5)
55.1
(
1.2)
9.5
(
0.6)
Female
....................................
51.3
(
0.5)
297.1
(
1.0)
265
(
0.9)
284
(
1.0)
304
(
0.8)
318
(
0.9)
329
(
1.8)
99.7
(
0.1)
91.0
(
0.6)
48.2
(
1.3)
5.2
(
0.7)

White
......................................
83.1
(
1.3)
305.9
(
0.9)
272
(
0.6)
291
(
0.6)
310
(
0.6)
325
(
0.6)
338
(
1.1)
100.0
 
95.6
(
0.3)
57.6
(
1.1)
8.5
(
0.5)
Black
.......................................
11.8
(
1.1)
268.4
(
1.3)
247
(
1.6)
264
(
1.5)
281
(
1.9)
292
(
1.4)
297
(
6.5)
98.8
(
0.3)
70.7
(
1.7)
16.8
(
1.6)
0.5
(
0.2)
Hispanic
..................................
4.0
(
0.5)
276.3
(
2.3)
256
(
2.3)
273
(
2.8)
294
(
4.4)
303
(
2.9)
306
(
6.1)
99.3
(
0.4)
78.3
(
2.3)
23.4
(
2.7)
1.4
(
0.6)
Other
5
....................................
1.1
(
0.1)
312.9
(
3.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
94.5
(
2.6)
64.7
(
4.9)
15.4
(
3.2)

1990
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
304.6
(
0.9)
273
(
1.1)
288
(
1.2)
299
(
1.5)
319
(
1.0)
344
(
2.6)
100.0
 
96.0
(
0.5)
56.1
(
1.4)
7.2
(
0.6)
Male
........................................
48.6
(
0.9)
306.3
(
1.1)
274
(
1.7)
291
(
1.6)
302
(
1.6)
323
(
1.2)
347
(
2.4)
99.9
 
95.8
(
0.8)
57.6
(
1.4)
8.8
(
0.8)
Female
....................................
51.4
(
0.9)
302.9
(
1.1)
271
(
1.8)
285
(
1.8)
296
(
1.8)
316
(
1.1)
341
(
4.0)
100.0
 
96.2
(
0.8)
54.7
(
1.8)
5.6
(
0.8)

White
......................................
73.3
(
0.5)
309.5
(
1.0)
277
(
1.1)
292
(
1.6)
304
(
1.3)
323
(
0.9)
347
(
2.8)
100.0
 
97.6
(
0.3)
63.2
(
1.6)
8.3
(
0.7)
Black
.......................................
15.6
(
0.3)
288.5
(
2.8)
264
(
2.2)
278
(
4.0)
285
(
3.5)
302
(
3.2)
329
(
7.6)
99.9
 
92.4
(
2.2)
32.8
(
4.5)
2.0
(
1.0)
Hispanic
..................................
6.9
(
0.4)
283.5
(
2.9)
259
(
4.0)
278
(
4.1)
286
(
3.5)
306
(
3.3)
323
(
9.6)
99.6
 
85.8
(
4.2)
30.1
(
3.1)
1.9
(
0.8)
Other
5
....................................
4.2
(
0.5)
312.5
(
5.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
97.9
 
61.6
(
7.0)
15.9
(
4.3)

1992
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
306.7
(
0.9)
271
(
1.6)
289
(
1.1)
302
(
1.6)
320
(
0.7)
343
(
1.7)
100.0
 
96.6
(
0.5)
59.1
(
1.3)
7.2
(
0.6)
Male
........................................
50.7
(
1.2)
308.9
(
1.1)
275
(
2.3)
291
(
1.7)
306
(
2.0)
323
(
1.1)
344
(
2.7)
100.0
 
96.9
(
0.6)
60.5
(
1.8)
9.1
(
0.7)
Female
....................................
49.3
(
1.2)
304.5
(
1.1)
267
(
1.6)
287
(
1.8)
297
(
2.0)
317
(
1.0)
341
(
2.0)
100.0
 
96.3
(
0.8)
57.7
(
1.6)
5.2
(
0.8)

White
......................................
74.7
(
0.5)
311.9
(
0.8)
276
(
1.7)
293
(
1.0)
306
(
1.6)
323
(
0.9)
347
(
1.6)
100.0
 
98.3
(
0.4)
66.4
(
1.4)
8.7
(
0.9)
Black
.......................................
14.8
(
0.3)
285.8
(
2.2)
256
(
4.8)
279
(
3.4)
283
(
3.4)
301
(
2.2)
313
(
5.7)
100.0
 
89.6
(
2.5)
29.8
(
3.9)
0.9
 
Hispanic
..................................
7.4
(
0.5)
292.2
(
2.6)
269
(
3.1)
285
(
3.1)
297
(
3.9)
312
(
2.0)
320
(
7.3)
100.0
 
94.1
(
2.2)
39.2
(
4.9)
1.2
 
Other
5
....................................
3.1
(
0.2)
317.1
(
4.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
96.5
(
1.7)
69.8
(
4.8)
16.9
(
5.7)

1994
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
306.2
(
1.0)
272
(
1.2)
288
(
1.4)
297
(
1.7)
316
(
1.0)
340
(
2.2)
100.0
 
96.5
(
0.5)
58.6
(
1.4)
7.4
(
0.8)
Male
........................................
49.5
(
1.3)
308.5
(
1.4)
274
(
1.8)
289
(
1.6)
301
(
2.1)
320
(
1.5)
343
(
2.6)
100.0
 
97.3
(
0.6)
60.2
(
2.1)
9.3
(
1.0)
Female
....................................
50.5
(
1.3)
304.1
(
1.1)
268
(
1.9)
286
(
1.9)
293
(
1.8)
313
(
1.1)
337
(
2.8)
100.0
 
96.0
(
0.6)
57.2
(
1.4)
5.5
(
0.9)

White
......................................
72.5
(
0.5)
312.3
(
1.1)
275
(
1.4)
292
(
1.7)
301
(
1.5)
320
(
1.0)
344
(
2.0)
100.0
 
98.4
(
0.4)
67.0
(
1.4)
9.4
(
1.1)
Black
.......................................
15.5
(
0.3)
285.5
(
1.8)
 
 
275
(
3.3)
283
(
3.8)
297
(
2.5)
 
 
100.0
 
90.6
(
1.8)
29.8
(
3.4)
0.4
 
Hispanic
..................................
8.8
(
0.3)
290.8
(
3.7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
304
(
4.1)
 
 
100.0
 
91.8
(
3.6)
38.3
(
5.5)
1.4
 
Other
5
....................................
3.2
(
0.3)
312.7
(
4.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
97.0
 
66.4
(
6.6)
12.1
(
3.6)

1996
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
307.2
(
1.2)
269
(
1.9)
283
(
1.3)
298
(
1.3)
316
(
1.3)
339
(
1.7)
100.0
 
96.8
(
0.4)
60.1
(
1.7)
7.4
(
0.8)
Male
........................................
49.5
(
1.2)
309.5
(
1.3)
272
(
2.5)
287
(
1.5)
302
(
1.7)
320
(
1.7)
342
(
2.3)
100.0
 
97.0
(
0.7)
62.7
(
1.8)
9.5
(
1.3)
Female
....................................
50.5
(
1.2)
304.9
(
1.4)
265
(
2.2)
278
(
2.2)
294
(
1.5)
313
(
1.4)
335
(
2.2)
100.0
 
96.7
(
0.6)
57.6
(
2.2)
5.3
(
0.8)

White
......................................
71.0
(
0.6)
313.4
(
1.4)
273
(
2.3)
287
(
2.0)
304
(
1.6)
320
(
1.4)
342
(
1.9)
100.0
 
98.7
(
0.4)
68.7
(
2.2)
9.2
(
1.0)
Black
.......................................
15.0
(
0.3)
286.4
(
1.7)
 
 
273
(
2.4)
280
(
3.0)
299
(
2.2)
 
 
100.0
 
90.6
(
1.3)
31.2
(
2.5)
0.9
 
Hispanic
..................................
9.0
(
0.7)
292.0
(
2.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
306
(
2.8)
 
 
99.9
 
92.2
(
2.2)
40.1
(
3.5)
1.8
 
Other
5
....................................
5.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
97.4
(
1.2)
63.5
(
7.2)
13.7
(
5.0)

1999
Total
............................................
100.0
(
0.0)
308.2
(
1.0)
278
(
2.8)
285
(
1.7)
298
(
1.2)
315
(
0.8)
341
(
1.4)
100.0
 
96.8
(
0.5)
60.7
(
1.6)
8.4
(
0.8)
Male
........................................
48.3
(
1.0)
309.8
(
1.4)
281
(
3.2)
288
(
2.6)
301
(
1.8)
317
(
1.3)
343
(
1.9)
100.0
 
96.0
(
0.8)
63.0
(
2.1)
10.0
(
1.1)
Female
....................................
51.7
(
1.0)
306.8
(
1.0)
274
(
3.2)
282
(
2.5)
295
(
1.3)
314
(
1.1)
340
(
2.0)
100.0
 
97.0
(
0.4)
58.0
(
1.9)
7.0
(
1.1)

White
......................................
71.7
(
0.5)
314.8
(
1.1)
282
(
3.4)
290
(
2.2)
303
(
1.5)
320
(
0.9)
343
(
1.5)
100.0
 
99.0
(
0.4)
70.0
(
2.0)
10.0
(
1.1)
Black
.......................................
14.6
(
0.4)
283.3
(
1.5)
 
 
267
(
2.9)
281
(
2.5)
293
(
1.4)
 
 
100.0
 
89.0
(
2.0)
27.0
(
2.7)
1.0
 
Hispanic
..................................
9.8
(
0.5)
292.7
(
2.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
308
(
3.0)
 
 
100.0
 
94.0
(
2.2)
38.0
(
4.1)
3.0
(
1.1)
Other
5
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
76.0
(
6.3)
14.0
(
4.1)

 
Not
available.
1
Indicates
ability
to
perform
simple
additive
reasoning
and
problem
solving.
2
Indicates
ability
to
perform
simple
multiplicative
reasoning
and
2­
step
problem
solving
3
Indicates
ability
to
perform
reasoning
and
problem
solving
involving
fractions,
decimals
percents,
elementary
geometry,
and
simple
algebra.
4
Indicates
ability
to
perform
reasoning
and
problem
solving
involving
geometry,
algebra
and
beginning
statistics
and
probability.
5
Includes
Asian/
Pacific
Islanders
and
American
Indians/
Alaskan
Natives.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2000.)
146
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
127.
 
Mathematics
proficiency
and
selected
statistics
on
mathematics
education
for
4th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
region
and
state:
1996
and
2000
Region
and
state
Average
proficiency
Percent
attaining
mathematics
achievement
levels,
1
2000
Percent
of
students
with
3
or
more
hours
of
math
instruction
each
week,
2000
Percent
of
students,
2000
1996
2000
Below
basic
Basic
or
above
2
Proficient
or
above
3
Advanced
or
above
4
Spending
30
minutes
or
more
on
math
homework
each
day
5
Agree
mathematics
is
useful
for
solving
everyday
problems
Watching
6
hours
or
more
of
television
each
day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
......................................
222
(
1.0)
226
(
1.0)
33
(
1.2)
67
(
1.2)
25
(
1.2)
2
(
0.3)
71
(
2.4)
50
70
(
0.8)
19
(
0.9)

Region
Northeast
.................................................
226
(
2.6)
229
(
1.8)
29
(
2.0)
71
(
2.0)
27
(
2.6)
3
(
0.9)
79
(
4.5)
46
73
(
1.6)
18
(
2.3)
Southeast
................................................
216
(
2.5)
220
(
2.3)
41
(
3.4)
59
(
3.4)
19
(
2.1)
1
(
0.4)
67
(
3.8)
52
68
(
1.3)
25
(
1.6)
Central
.....................................................
230
(
2.0)
231
(
1.5)
27
(
1.8)
73
(
1.8)
29
(
2.2)
3
(
0.6)
67
(
6.3)
49
70
(
1.5)
17
(
2.0)
West
........................................................
219
(
2.1)
225
(
2.1)
35
(
2.5)
65
(
2.5)
24
(
2.3)
3
(
0.5)
70
(
4.9)
51
70
(
1.7)
17
(
1.2)

State
Alabama
..................................................
212
(
1.2)
218
(
1.4)
43
(
2.1)
57
(
2.1)
14
(
1.3)
1
(
0.2)
65
(
5.7)
60
68
(
1.2)
23
(
1.5)
Alaska
......................................................
224
(
1.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arizona
....................................................
218
(
1.7)
219
(
1.4)
42
(
1.9)
58
(
1.9)
17
(
1.6)
2
(
0.5)
76
(
4.4)
49
67
(
1.2)
13
(
1.0)
Arkansas
.................................................
216
(
1.5)
217
(
1.1)
44
(
1.9)
56
(
1.9)
13
(
1.1)
1
(
0.2)
60
(
5.6)
54
68
(
1.3)
24
(
1.3)
California
6
...............................................
209
(
1.8)
214
(
1.8)
48
(
2.3)
52
(
2.3)
15
(
1.4)
1
(
0.3)
73
(
6.7)
56
65
(
1.8)
17
(
1.3)
Colorado
..................................................
226
(
1.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Connecticut
.............................................
232
(
1.1)
234
(
1.2)
23
(
1.5)
77
(
1.5)
32
(
1.6)
3
(
0.5)
83
(
3.4)
49
72
(
1.2)
16
(
1.2)
Delaware
.................................................
215
(
0.6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
District
of
Columbia
.................................
187
(
1.1)
193
(
1.2)
76
(
1.1)
24
(
1.1)
6
(
0.8)
1
(
0.2)
66
(
1.5)
54
64
(
0.9)
36
(
0.9)
Florida
.....................................................
216
(
1.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Georgia
....................................................
215
(
1.5)
220
(
1.1)
42
(
1.5)
58
(
1.5)
18
(
1.1)
1
(
0.3)
74
(
5.0)
54
68
(
1.0)
19
(
1.0)
Hawaii
......................................................
215
(
1.5)
216
(
1.1)
45
(
1.5)
55
(
1.5)
14
(
1.0)
1
(
0.3)
88
(
3.0)
64
64
(
1.0)
18
(
1.0)
Idaho
6
.....................................................
 
 
227
(
1.2)
29
(
1.7)
71
(
1.7)
21
(
1.6)
1
(
0.4)
76
(
5.1)
48
68
(
1.6)
12
(
1.1)
Illinois
6
....................................................
 
 
225
(
1.9)
34
(
2.4)
66
(
2.4)
21
(
2.5)
2
(
0.6)
84
(
4.1)
57
66
(
1.5)
19
(
1.6)
Indiana
6
..................................................
229
(
1.0)
234
(
1.1)
22
(
1.5)
78
(
1.5)
31
(
1.6)
3
(
0.7)
78
(
5.5)
57
71
(
1.3)
17
(
1.5)

Iowa
6
.......................................................
229
(
1.1)
233
(
1.3)
22
(
1.9)
78
(
1.9)
28
(
1.9)
2
(
0.4)
65
(
5.1)
47
70
(
1.4)
9
(
0.7)
Kansas
6
..................................................
 
 
232
(
1.5)
25
(
2.3)
75
(
2.3)
30
(
2.1)
3
(
0.7)
76
(
5.4)
47
73
(
1.5)
14
(
1.6)
Kentucky
..................................................
220
(
1.1)
221
(
1.2)
40
(
1.8)
60
(
1.8)
17
(
1.2)
1
(
0.3)
80
(
3.8)
57
71
(
1.2)
17
(
0.9)
Louisiana
.................................................
209
(
1.1)
218
(
1.4)
43
(
2.0)
57
(
2.0)
14
(
1.4)
1
(
0.2)
56
(
5.7)
52
67
(
1.6)
24
(
1.1)
Maine
6
....................................................
232
(
1.0)
231
(
0.9)
26
(
1.8)
74
(
1.8)
25
(
1.3)
2
(
0.4)
89
(
3.1)
50
74
(
1.1)
10
(
0.7)

Maryland
..................................................
221
(
1.6)
222
(
1.3)
39
(
1.8)
61
(
1.8)
22
(
1.4)
2
(
0.4)
70
(
4.7)
48
71
(
1.2)
23
(
1.1)
Massachusetts
........................................
229
(
1.4)
235
(
1.1)
21
(
1.4)
79
(
1.4)
33
(
1.6)
3
(
0.5)
91
(
3.0)
50
74
(
1.2)
10
(
0.9)
Michigan
6
................................................
226
(
1.3)
231
(
1.4)
28
(
1.9)
72
(
1.9)
29
(
1.8)
3
(
0.6)
86
(
3.7)
50
71
(
1.2)
16
(
1.2)
Minnesota
6
..............................................
232
(
1.1)
235
(
1.3)
22
(
1.7)
78
(
1.7)
34
(
1.8)
3
(
0.7)
71
(
6.0)
48
74
(
1.4)
7
(
0.9)
Mississippi
...............................................
208
(
1.2)
211
(
1.1)
55
(
1.7)
45
(
1.7)
9
(
0.9)
(
7)
(
0.2)
43
(
5.8)
57
67
(
1.2)
23
(
1.0)

Missouri
...................................................
225
(
1.1)
229
(
1.2)
28
(
1.6)
72
(
1.6)
23
(
1.6)
2
(
0.4)
79
(
4.3)
49
69
(
1.1)
19
(
1.2)
Montana
6
................................................
228
(
1.2)
230
(
1.8)
27
(
2.6)
73
(
2.6)
25
(
2.5)
2
(
0.7)
79
(
5.2)
45
67
(
1.6)
11
(
1.2)
Nebraska
.................................................
228
(
1.2)
226
(
1.7)
33
(
2.3)
67
(
2.3)
24
(
1.9)
2
(
0.5)
87
(
4.2)
51
71
(
1.6)
13
(
1.7)
Nevada
....................................................
218
(
1.3)
220
(
1.2)
39
(
1.7)
61
(
1.7)
16
(
1.1)
1
(
0.2)
82
(
4.1)
49
67
(
1.2)
17
(
1.2)
New
Jersey
.............................................
227
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Mexico
.............................................
214
(
1.8)
214
(
1.5)
49
(
2.0)
51
(
2.0)
12
(
1.0)
1
(
0.2)
69
(
5.0)
56
68
(
1.4)
15
(
1.3)
New
York
6
..............................................
223
(
1.2)
227
(
1.3)
33
(
2.1)
67
(
2.1)
22
(
1.6)
2
(
0.4)
78
(
5.6)
49
66
(
1.5)
21
(
1.3)
North
Carolina
.........................................
224
(
1.2)
232
(
1.0)
24
(
1.5)
76
(
1.5)
28
(
1.5)
3
(
0.4)
68
(
5.2)
58
70
(
1.0)
18
(
1.0)
North
Dakota
...........................................
231
(
1.2)
231
(
0.9)
25
(
1.5)
75
(
1.5)
25
(
1.3)
2
(
0.4)
79
(
3.3)
45
73
(
1.2)
10
(
0.7)
Ohio
6
.......................................................
 
 
231
(
1.3)
27
(
2.0)
73
(
2.0)
26
(
2.1)
2
(
0.4)
79
(
4.6)
55
72
(
1.2)
20
(
1.5)

Oklahoma
................................................
 
 
225
(
1.3)
31
(
1.9)
69
(
1.9)
16
(
1.2)
1
(
0.2)
69
(
4.8)
51
63
(
1.0)
19
(
1.1)
Oregon
6
..................................................
223
(
1.4)
227
(
1.6)
33
(
2.3)
67
(
2.3)
23
(
1.8)
3
(
0.6)
69
(
5.5)
50
68
(
1.5)
13
(
1.3)
Pennsylvania
...........................................
226
(
1.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rhode
Island
...........................................
220
(
1.4)
225
(
1.2)
33
(
1.5)
67
(
1.5)
23
(
1.3)
2
(
0.4)
75
(
4.3)
46
73
(
1.2)
11
(
0.8)
South
Carolina
........................................
213
(
1.3)
220
(
1.4)
40
(
1.8)
60
(
1.8)
18
(
1.2)
2
(
0.3)
74
(
4.8)
51
67
(
1.2)
23
(
1.2)

Tennessee
...............................................
219
(
1.4)
220
(
1.5)
40
(
1.8)
60
(
1.8)
18
(
1.5)
1
(
0.4)
80
(
4.2)
55
70
(
1.2)
20
(
1.3)
Texas
.......................................................
229
(
1.4)
233
(
1.2)
23
(
1.6)
77
(
1.6)
27
(
1.8)
2
(
0.5)
65
(
5.8)
57
69
(
1.4)
18
(
1.3)
Utah
.........................................................
227
(
1.2)
227
(
1.2)
30
(
1.7)
70
(
1.7)
24
(
1.3)
2
(
0.3)
85
(
3.7)
46
72
(
1.1)
10
(
0.7)
Vermont
6
.................................................
225
(
1.2)
232
(
1.6)
27
(
2.0)
73
(
2.0)
29
(
2.2)
4
(
0.7)
82
(
5.5)
55
79
(
1.4)
10
(
1.1)
Virginia
....................................................
223
(
1.4)
230
(
1.3)
27
(
1.8)
73
(
1.8)
25
(
1.6)
2
(
0.6)
68
(
4.6)
52
73
(
1.2)
20
(
1.2)
Washington
.............................................
225
(
1.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
West
Virginia
...........................................
223
(
1.0)
225
(
1.2)
32
(
1.6)
68
(
1.6)
18
(
1.6)
1
(
0.3)
80
(
3.4)
57
68
(
1.0)
18
(
1.1)
Wisconsin
................................................
231
(
1.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wyoming
.................................................
223
(
1.4)
229
(
1.3)
27
(
2.0)
73
(
2.0)
25
(
1.5)
2
(
0.5)
67
(
7.5)
52
71
(
1.2)
10
(
0.8)

Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
.............................
224
(
1.0)
228
(
1.2)
30
(
2.0)
70
(
2.0)
24
(
1.8)
3
(
0.6)
84
(
0.6)
52
71
(
1.3)
21
(
1.1)
Overseas
schools
............................
223
(
0.7)
228
(
0.7)
30
(
1.2)
70
(
1.2)
22
(
1.1)
2
(
0.3)
82
(
0.7)
51
70
(
1.0)
14
(
0.6)

Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................................
 
 
157
(
3.9)
95
(
1.4)
5
(
1.4)
(
7)
 
0
 
26
(
2.6)
61
50
(
2.8)
17
(
1.9)
Guam
.......................................................
188
(
1.3)
184
(
2.3)
79
(
1.8)
21
(
1.8)
2
(
0.6)
(
7)
 
81
(
1.0)
60
61
(
2.0)
16
(
1.4)
Virgin
Islands
...........................................
 
 
183
(
2.8)
85
(
3.2)
15
(
3.2)
1
(
0.6)
(
7)
 
80
(
0.6)
56
58
(
2.0)
29
(
2.0)

 
Not
available.
1
Achievement
levels
are
in
developmental
status.
2
This
level
denotes
partial
mastery
of
prerequisite
knowledge
and
skills
that
are
fundamental
for
proficient
work
at
the
4th
grade.
3
This
level
represents
solid
academic
mastery
for
4th­
graders.
Students
reaching
this
level
have
demonstrated
competency
over
challenging
subject
matter,
including
subjectmatter
knowledge,
application
of
such
knowledge
to
real­
world
situations,
and
analytical
skills
appropriate
to
the
subject
matter.
4
This
level
signifies
superior
performance.
5
Percent
of
students
who
report
spending
30
minutes,
45
minutes,
1
hour,
and
over
1
hour
on
mathematics
homework
each
day.
6
Did
not
meet
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
participation.
7
Percentage
between
0.0
and
0.5.
NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Forty
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
and
three
outlying
areas
participated
in
the
2000
State
Assessment
of
4th­
graders
and
met
student
and
school
participation
criteria
for
reporting
results.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP),
The
Nation's
Report
Card:
Mathematics
2000;
and
unpublished
data,
NAEP
Data
Tool
(
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
naep3/
NAEP
data)
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
147
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
128.
 
Mathematics
proficiency
of
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
state:
1990
to
2000
State
or
other
area
Average
proficiency
Percent
attaining
mathematics
achievement
levels,
1
2000
Average
proficiency,
by
highest
level
of
education
attained
by
parents,
2
2000
1990
1992
1996
2000
Below
basic
Basic
or
above
3
Proficient
or
above
4
Advanced
or
above
5
Did
not
finish
high
school
Graduated
high
school
Some
education
after
high
school
Graduated
college
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
......................................
262
(
1.4)
267
(
1.0)
271
(
1.2)
274
(
0.8)
35
(
0.9)
65
(
0.9)
26
(
1.0)
5
(
0.5)
255
(
1.4)
263
(
1.2)
279
(
1.0)
286
(
1.1)

Alabama
..................................................
253
(
1.1)
252
(
1.7)
257
(
2.1)
262
(
1.8)
48
(
2.1)
52
(
2.1)
16
(
1.6)
2
(
0.5)
250
(
2.8)
252
(
2.0)
270
(
2.5)
273
(
3.1)
Alaska
......................................................
 
 
 
 
278
(
1.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arizona
6
..................................................
260
(
1.3)
265
(
1.3)
268
(
1.6)
271
(
1.5)
38
(
1.9)
62
(
1.9)
21
(
1.6)
3
(
0.5)
247
(
4.2)
260
(
2.7)
278
(
1.7)
285
(
2.1)
Arkansas
.................................................
256
(
0.9)
256
(
1.2)
262
(
1.5)
261
(
1.4)
48
(
1.9)
52
(
1.9)
14
(
1.2)
1
(
0.4)
249
(
3.2)
252
(
2.4)
271
(
1.8)
272
(
1.6)
California
6
...............................................
256
(
1.3)
261
(
1.7)
263
(
1.9)
262
(
2.0)
48
(
2.3)
52
(
2.3)
18
(
1.6)
3
(
0.6)
244
(
3.1)
251
(
3.1)
270
(
2.4)
281
(
2.2)

Colorado
..................................................
267
(
0.9)
272
(
1.0)
276
(
1.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Connecticut
.............................................
270
(
1.0)
274
(
1.1)
280
(
1.1)
282
(
1.4)
28
(
1.3)
72
(
1.3)
34
(
1.5)
6
(
0.7)
242
(
7.5)
267
(
2.4)
279
(
1.9)
295
(
1.2)
Delaware
.................................................
261
(
0.9)
263
(
1.0)
267
(
0.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
District
of
Columbia
.................................
231
(
0.9)
235
(
0.9)
233
(
1.3)
234
(
2.2)
77
(
2.0)
23
(
2.0)
6
(
0.8)
1
(
0.4)
223
(
6.7)
225
(
2.6)
243
(
3.5)
249
(
3.5)
Florida
.....................................................
255
(
1.2)
260
(
1.5)
264
(
1.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Georgia
....................................................
259
(
1.3)
259
(
1.2)
262
(
1.6)
266
(
1.3)
45
(
1.7)
55
(
1.7)
19
(
1.1)
3
(
0.4)
252
(
2.4)
255
(
1.6)
271
(
1.8)
277
(
1.6)
Hawaii
......................................................
251
(
0.8)
257
(
0.9)
262
(
1.0)
263
(
1.3)
49
(
1.3)
51
(
1.3)
16
(
1.3)
2
(
0.4)
248
(
4.4)
247
(
2.1)
268
(
1.9)
276
(
1.6)
Idaho
6
.....................................................
271
(
0.8)
275
(
0.7)
 
 
278
(
1.3)
29
(
1.5)
71
(
1.5)
27
(
1.7)
3
(
0.5)
250
(
6.4)
266
(
2.4)
284
(
1.7)
288
(
1.2)
Illinois
6
....................................................
261
(
1.7)
 
 
 
 
277
(
1.6)
32
(
2.1)
68
(
2.1)
27
(
1.4)
4
(
0.7)
256
(
4.4)
268
(
2.5)
280
(
2.0)
287
(
2.1)
Indiana
6
...................................................
267
(
1.2)
270
(
1.1)
276
(
1.4)
283
(
1.4)
24
(
1.7)
76
(
1.7)
31
(
1.9)
5
(
0.7)
264
(
3.2)
272
(
1.7)
288
(
2.1)
293
(
1.8)

Iowa
.........................................................
278
(
1.1)
283
(
1.0)
284
(
1.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kansas
6
..................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
284
(
1.4)
23
(
1.7)
77
(
1.7)
34
(
1.9)
4
(
0.8)
269
(
4.2)
276
(
2.2)
286
(
2.3)
292
(
1.7)
Kentucky
..................................................
257
(
1.2)
262
(
1.1)
267
(
1.1)
272
(
1.4)
37
(
1.7)
63
(
1.7)
21
(
1.5)
3
(
0.5)
255
(
3.5)
264
(
1.5)
275
(
1.8)
284
(
2.2)
Louisiana
.................................................
246
(
1.2)
250
(
1.7)
252
(
1.6)
259
(
1.5)
52
(
1.8)
48
(
1.8)
12
(
1.2)
1
(
0.4)
251
(
2.2)
250
(
2.2)
271
(
1.7)
267
(
2.1)
Maine
6
.....................................................
 
 
279
(
1.0)
284
(
1.3)
284
(
1.2)
24
(
1.5)
76
(
1.5)
32
(
1.4)
6
(
0.7)
267
(
3.6)
272
(
1.9)
283
(
2.2)
293
(
1.2)

Maryland
..................................................
261
(
1.4)
265
(
1.3)
270
(
2.1)
276
(
1.4)
35
(
1.6)
65
(
1.6)
29
(
1.4)
6
(
0.6)
256
(
3.4)
263
(
1.8)
279
(
2.0)
286
(
1.6)
Massachusetts
........................................
 
 
273
(
1.0)
278
(
1.7)
283
(
1.3)
24
(
1.5)
76
(
1.5)
32
(
1.3)
6
(
0.7)
261
(
5.4)
271
(
2.3)
284
(
1.8)
294
(
1.4)
Michigan
6
................................................
264
(
1.2)
267
(
1.4)
277
(
1.8)
278
(
1.6)
30
(
1.9)
70
(
1.9)
28
(
1.9)
5
(
0.7)
254
(
5.1)
269
(
1.8)
280
(
2.6)
288
(
1.8)
Minnesota
................................................
275
(
0.9)
282
(
1.0)
284
(
1.3)
288
(
1.4)
20
(
1.8)
80
(
1.8)
40
(
1.6)
7
(
0.8)
 
 
275
(
3.1)
293
(
2.0)
296
(
1.3)
Mississippi
...............................................
 
 
246
(
1.2)
250
(
1.2)
254
(
1.3)
59
(
1.6)
41
(
1.6)
8
(
0.7)
1
(
0.3)
243
(
3.1)
246
(
1.6)
261
(
2.0)
262
(
1.8)

Missouri
...................................................
 
 
271
(
1.2)
273
(
1.4)
274
(
1.5)
33
(
2.0)
67
(
2.0)
22
(
1.4)
2
(
0.3)
259
(
2.3)
265
(
2.3)
275
(
1.8)
284
(
1.8)
Montana
6
................................................
280
(
0.9)
 
 
283
(
1.3)
287
(
1.2)
20
(
1.5)
80
(
1.5)
37
(
1.6)
6
(
0.6)
 
 
277
(
2.2)
289
(
1.8)
295
(
1.6)
Nebraska
.................................................
276
(
1.0)
278
(
1.1)
283
(
1.0)
281
(
1.1)
26
(
1.6)
74
(
1.6)
31
(
1.6)
5
(
0.7)
252
(
3.1)
273
(
2.0)
285
(
2.0)
289
(
1.2)
Nevada
....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
268
(
0.9)
42
(
1.1)
58
(
1.1)
20
(
0.9)
2
(
0.4)
248
(
2.5)
261
(
1.4)
276
(
1.5)
280
(
1.2)
New
Hampshire
.......................................
273
(
0.9)
278
(
1.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Jersey
.............................................
270
(
1.1)
272
(
1.6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Mexico
.............................................
256
(
0.7)
260
(
0.9)
262
(
1.2)
260
(
1.7)
50
(
1.8)
50
(
1.8)
13
(
1.0)
1
(
0.4)
241
(
3.2)
248
(
2.9)
266
(
1.9)
275
(
1.7)
New
York
6
...............................................
261
(
1.4)
266
(
2.1)
270
(
1.7)
276
(
2.1)
32
(
2.5)
68
(
2.5)
26
(
1.9)
4
(
0.7)
253
(
4.1)
270
(
2.8)
276
(
2.5)
285
(
2.1)
North
Carolina
.........................................
250
(
1.1)
258
(
1.2)
268
(
1.4)
280
(
1.1)
30
(
1.3)
70
(
1.3)
30
(
1.3)
6
(
0.7)
261
(
2.7)
268
(
1.6)
282
(
1.6)
291
(
1.6)
North
Dakota
...........................................
281
(
1.2)
283
(
1.1)
284
(
0.9)
283
(
1.1)
23
(
1.4)
77
(
1.4)
31
(
1.6)
4
(
0.6)
 
 
272
(
3.7)
282
(
2.3)
289
(
1.3)

Ohio
.........................................................
264
(
1.0)
268
(
1.5)
 
 
283
(
1.5)
25
(
1.9)
75
(
1.9)
31
(
1.7)
5
(
0.7)
268
(
3.1)
272
(
1.8)
286
(
1.6)
293
(
1.8)
Oklahoma
................................................
263
(
1.3)
268
(
1.1)
 
 
272
(
1.5)
36
(
1.9)
64
(
1.9)
19
(
1.2)
2
(
0.3)
255
(
3.5)
264
(
2.0)
274
(
1.5)
281
(
1.6)
Oregon
6
..................................................
271
(
1.0)
 
 
276
(
1.5)
281
(
1.6)
29
(
1.7)
71
(
1.7)
32
(
1.9)
6
(
0.8)
255
(
4.2)
270
(
3.6)
285
(
2.1)
292
(
1.9)
Pennsylvania
...........................................
266
(
1.6)
271
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rhode
Island
...........................................
260
(
0.6)
266
(
0.7)
269
(
0.9)
273
(
1.1)
36
(
1.1)
64
(
1.1)
24
(
1.0)
4
(
0.6)
251
(
3.6)
264
(
1.6)
275
(
1.5)
284
(
1.4)

South
Carolina
........................................
 
 
261
(
1.0)
261
(
1.5)
266
(
1.4)
45
(
1.9)
55
(
1.9)
18
(
1.2)
2
(
0.4)
250
(
3.3)
255
(
1.7)
275
(
1.5)
278
(
2.2)
Tennessee
...............................................
 
 
259
(
1.4)
263
(
1.4)
263
(
1.7)
47
(
1.9)
53
(
1.9)
17
(
1.4)
2
(
0.4)
246
(
3.0)
254
(
2.2)
273
(
1.8)
275
(
2.2)
Texas
.......................................................
258
(
1.4)
265
(
1.3)
270
(
1.4)
275
(
1.5)
32
(
1.8)
68
(
1.8)
24
(
1.4)
3
(
0.5)
259
(
2.3)
267
(
1.9)
285
(
1.9)
287
(
1.8)
Utah
.........................................................
 
 
274
(
0.7)
277
(
1.0)
275
(
1.2)
32
(
1.4)
68
(
1.4)
26
(
1.2)
3
(
0.4)
248
(
4.2)
263
(
2.8)
280
(
1.8)
285
(
1.3)
Vermont
6
.................................................
 
 
 
 
279
(
1.0)
283
(
1.1)
25
(
1.7)
75
(
1.7)
32
(
1.5)
6
(
0.6)
261
(
5.6)
272
(
2.3)
279
(
2.4)
293
(
1.5)

Virginia
....................................................
264
(
1.5)
268
(
1.2)
270
(
1.6)
277
(
1.5)
33
(
2.0)
67
(
2.0)
26
(
1.5)
5
(
0.7)
257
(
2.6)
261
(
2.1)
276
(
2.0)
289
(
1.5)
Washington
.............................................
 
 
 
 
276
(
1.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
West
Virginia
...........................................
256
(
1.0)
259
(
1.0)
265
(
1.0)
271
(
1.0)
38
(
1.2)
62
(
1.2)
18
(
0.9)
2
(
0.4)
256
(
2.3)
264
(
1.2)
275
(
1.5)
282
(
1.5)
Wisconsin
................................................
274
(
1.3)
278
(
1.5)
283
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wyoming
.................................................
272
(
0.7)
275
(
0.9)
275
(
0.9)
277
(
1.2)
30
(
1.4)
70
(
1.4)
25
(
1.1)
4
(
0.5)
258
(
4.0)
268
(
2.5)
280
(
1.7)
285
(
1.2)

Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
.............................
 
 
 
 
269
(
2.3)
277
(
2.3)
33
(
2.9)
67
(
2.9)
27
(
2.8)
6
(
1.4)
 
 
272
(
4.1)
278
(
2.8)
284
(
3.7)
Overseas
schools
............................
 
 
 
 
275
(
0.9)
278
(
1.0)
29
(
1.4)
71
(
1.4)
27
(
1.2)
4
(
0.7)
 
 
270
(
3.9)
278
(
1.7)
284
(
1.6)

Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
195
(
4.5)
93
(
2.1)
7
(
2.1)
1
 
(
7)
 
 
 
196
(
6.7)
 
 
198
(
4.6)
Guam
.......................................................
232
(
0.7)
235
(
1.0)
239
(
1.7)
233
(
2.2)
76
(
1.5)
24
(
1.5)
4
(
0.8)
1
(
0.3)
 
 
225
(
2.7)
243
(
7.4)
244
(
2.8)
Virgin
Islands
...........................................
219
(
0.9)
223
(
1.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Achievement
levels
are
in
developmental
status.
2
Excludes
students
who
responded
``
I
don't
know''
to
the
question
about
educational
level
of
parents.
3
This
level
denotes
partial
mastery
of
prerequisite
knowledge
and
skills
that
are
fundamental
for
proficient
work
at
the
8th
grade.
4
This
level
represents
solid
academic
performance
for
8th­
graders.
Students
reaching
this
level
have
demonstrated
competency
over
challenging
subject
matter,
including
subject
matter
knowledge,
application
of
such
knowledge
to
real­
world
situations,
and
analytical
skills
appropriate
to
the
subject
matter.
5
This
level
signifies
superior
performance.
6
Did
not
meet
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
participation.
7
Percentage
between
0.0
and
0.5.
NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Thirty­
nine
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
and
two
outlying
areas
participated
in
the
2000
State
Assessment
of
8th­
graders
and
met
student
and
school
participation
criteria
for
reporting
results.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP),
The
Nations
Report
Card:
Mathematics
2000;
and
unpublished
data,
NAEP
Data
Tool
(
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
naep3/
NAEP
data)
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service
and
.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
148
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
129.
 
Length
of
school
year
and
selected
statistics
on
mathematics
education
for
students
in
public
schools,
by
region
and
state:
1998
and
2000
Region
and
state
Math
units
required
for
graduation
in
2000
Length
of
school
year
(
in
days)
High
school
exit
exam
required
for
graduation
in
2000
Percent
of
8thgrade
students
with
3
or
more
hours
of
math
instruction
each
week
Percent
of
8th­
grade
students
reporting
1998
2000
Spending
30
minutes
or
more
on
math
homework
each
day
1
Positive
attitudes
toward
math
2
Watching
6
or
more
hours
of
television
each
day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
..................................
 
 
 
 
89
(
1.6)
58
76
12
(
0.4)

Region
Northeast
..............................
 
 
 
 
91
(
4.2)
56
76
15
(
1.2)
Southeast
.............................
 
 
 
 
84
(
3.3)
58
78
17
(
0.9)
Central
..................................
 
 
 
 
87
(
4.1)
58
74
9
(
0.9)
West
.....................................
 
 
 
 
92
(
2.4)
62
76
10
(
0.6)

State
Alabama
................................
4
175
175
Yes
81
(
3.9)
58
78
19
(
0.9)
Alaska
....................................
2
180
180
3
Yes
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Arizona
..................................
5
2
5
175
5
175
3
Yes
95
(
2.8)
63
73
11
(
1.0)
Arkansas
...............................
3
178
178
No
77
(
3.9)
58
77
18
(
0.9)
California
...............................
2
175
175
3
Yes
90
(
3.0)
71
75
12
(
1.1)
Colorado
................................
(
6)
(
7)
(
7)
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Connecticut
...........................
3
180
180
No
95
(
2.3)
59
76
11
(
0.7)
Delaware
...............................
3
(
7)
(
7)
No
(
4)
 
0
(
4)
(
4)
 
District
of
Columbia
...............
8
3
8
180
8
180
 
92
(
0.8)
63
81
34
(
1.1)
Florida
...................................
3
180
180
Yes
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Georgia
..................................
3
8
180
8
180
Yes
83
(
4.2)
60
76
17
(
1.0)
Hawaii
....................................
3
184
184
Yes
99
(
0.0)
67
76
17
(
0.8)
Idaho
.....................................
4
180
180
No
93
(
2.4)
54
78
8
(
0.8)
Illinois
....................................
9
2
180
9
180
3
Yes
81
(
5.4)
62
77
13
(
1.2)
Indiana
...................................
4
180
180
Yes
94
(
2.9)
59
76
10
(
1.0)
Iowa
.......................................
(
6)
180
180
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Kansas
..................................
2
186
186
No
87
(
4.6)
60
77
8
(
0.8)
Kentucky
................................
3
175
175
No
93
(
2.5)
58
77
11
(
0.9)
Louisiana
...............................
3
175
175
Yes
92
(
3.3)
51
80
20
(
1.0)
Maine
.....................................
2
175
175
3
Yes
92
(
2.4)
61
77
6
(
0.6)
Maryland
................................
3
180
180
Yes
92
(
2.8)
59
81
16
(
1.0)
Massachusetts
......................
(
6)
180
180
3
Yes
95
(
2.0)
62
77
9
(
0.8)
Michigan
................................
(
6)
180
180
No
89
(
3.6)
59
75
12
(
1.1)
Minnesota
..............................
(
10)
(
11)
(
11)
3
Yes
93
(
3.1)
50
80
6
(
0.9)
Mississippi
.............................
3
180
180
Yes
87
(
2.7)
54
80
21
(
0.9)
Missouri
.................................
2
174
174
No
95
(
2.0)
53
76
12
(
0.8)
Montana
................................
2
180
180
No
87
(
3.4)
62
79
5
(
0.7)
Nebraska
...............................
(
6)
(
7)
(
7)
No
95
(
1.5)
59
81
8
(
0.9)
Nevada
..................................
3
180
180
Yes
93
(
1.2)
63
77
13
(
0.6)
New
Hampshire
.....................
2
180
180
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
New
Jersey
...........................
3
8
180
180
Yes
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
New
Mexico
...........................
3
180
180
Yes
84
(
3.1)
62
76
11
(
0.7)
New
York
...............................
8
2
8
180
8
180
Yes
92
(
3.6)
56
78
15
(
1.3)
North
Carolina
.......................
3
180
180
Yes
77
(
4.7)
67
80
14
(
1.0)
North
Dakota
.........................
3
173
173
No
95
(
1.4)
53
78
5
(
0.5)
Ohio
.......................................
2
182
182
Yes
93
(
2.4)
57
78
12
(
0.9)
Oklahoma
..............................
2
180
180
3
Yes
89
(
2.9)
57
75
13
(
0.9)
Oregon
..................................
2
(
7)
(
7)
3
Yes
81
(
4.8)
58
72
8
(
0.8)
Pennsylvania
.........................
(
10)
180
180
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Rhode
Island
.........................
2
180
180
No
94
(
0.8)
60
77
9
(
0.7)
South
Carolina
......................
4
8
180
180
Yes
83
(
3.7)
55
80
20
(
0.9)
South
Dakota
........................
2
175
 
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Tennessee
.............................
3
180
180
Yes
78
(
3.7)
58
77
16
(
0.9)
Texas
.....................................
3
187
187
Yes
91
(
2.9)
61
76
13
(
0.9)
Utah
.......................................
2
180
180
3
Yes
95
(
2.1)
52
70
6
(
0.5)
Vermont
.................................
12
5
8
175
175
No
90
(
2.0)
61
78
6
(
0.7)
Virginia
..................................
3
180
180
3
Yes
92
(
2.9)
60
76
16
(
1.0)
Washington
...........................
9
2
180
9
180
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
West
Virginia
.........................
3
180
180
No
92
(
2.3)
56
74
14
(
0.9)
Wisconsin
..............................
2
180
180
No
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
Wyoming
...............................
3
175
175
No
97
(
0.6)
59
74
8
(
5.0)

Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools:
Domestic
schools
...........
3
 
183
No
100
(
13)
66
77
18
(
1.7)
Overseas
schools
..........
3
 
183
No
97
(
0.2)
66
76
12
(
0.7)

Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...................
 
 
 
 
13
(
4.2)
70
76
13
(
1.5)
Guam
.....................................
 
(
14)
 
 
61
(
2.2)
64
79
17
(
1.3)
Virgin
Islands
.........................
2
180
 
 
(
4)
 
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
 
 
Not
available.
1
Percent
of
students
who
report
spending
30
minutes,
45
minutes,
1
hour,
and
over
1
hour
on
mathematics
homework
each
day.
No
standard
errors
are
reported
here
for
aggregated
data.
2
Percent
of
students
agreeing
or
strongly
agreeing
with
this
statement:
``
Mathematics
is
useful
for
solving
everyday
problems.''
No
standard
errors
are
reported
here
for
aggregated
data.
3
Policy
under
development
or
requirements
to
take
effect
after
2000.
4
Not
a
participating
jurisdiction
in
the
NAEP
2000
state
assessment
program
in
mathematics
5
1994
data.
6
Local
board
determines
policy.
7
No
statewide
policy.
8
1996
data.
9
1998
data.
10
Standards­
based
reform.
11
Varies
by
district.

12
Includes
math
and
science
courses.

13
Standard
error
estimates
cannot
be
accurately
determined.

14
No
policy
beyond
course
credits.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
2000
unless
otherwise
specified.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP),
2000
Mathematics
Assessment,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service
(
columns
6
to
9);
and
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers,
Key
State
Education
Policies
on
K
 
12
Education
1998
and
2000
(
columns
2
to
5).
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
149
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
130.
 
Average
science
proficiency,
by
age
and
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1970
to
1999
Selected
characteristics
of
students
1970
1
1973
1977
1982
1986
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
9­
year­
olds
Total
..............................................................
225
(
1.2)
220
(
1.2)
219.9
(
1.2)
220.8
(
1.8)
224.3
(
1.2)
228.7
(
0.8)
230.6
(
1.0)
231.0
(
1.2)
229.7
(
1.2)
229.4
(
0.9)

Male
..........................................................
228
(
1.3)
223
(
1.3)
222.1
(
1.3)
221.0
(
2.3)
227.3
(
1.4)
230.3
(
1.1)
234.7
(
1.2)
232.2
(
1.3)
231.5
(
1.7)
230.9
(
1.3)
Female
......................................................
223
(
1.2)
218
(
1.2)
217.6
(
1.2)
220.7
(
2.0)
221.3
(
1.4)
227.1
(
1.0)
226.7
(
1.0)
230.0
(
1.4)
228.0
(
1.5)
227.9
(
1.1)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................
236
(
0.9)
231
(
0.9)
229.6
(
0.9)
229.0
(
1.9)
231.9
(
1.2)
237.5
(
0.8)
239.1
(
1.0)
240.3
(
1.3)
239.0
(
1.4)
239.6
(
0.9)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................................
179
(
1.9)
177
(
1.9)
174.8
(
1.8)
187.0
(
3.0)
196.2
(
1.9)
196.4
(
2.0)
200.3
(
2.7)
201.4
(
1.7)
201.9
(
3.0)
198.9
(
2.5)
Hispanic
....................................................
 
 
 
 
191.9
(
2.7)
189.0
(
4.2)
199.4
(
3.1)
206.2
(
2.2)
204.7
(
2.8)
201.0
(
2.7)
207.1
(
2.8)
206.1
(
2.2)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.........................
 
 
 
 
198.5
(
2.2)
198.2
(
6.0)
203.6
(
2.9)
209.8
(
2.7)
217.2
(
2.6)
211.4
(
3.4)
210.4
(
2.9)
212.7
(
3.9)
Graduated
high
school
.............................
 
 
 
 
223.0
(
1.4)
218.0
(
3.3)
219.6
(
1.5)
225.8
(
1.7)
222.0
(
1.9)
225.3
(
1.4)
222.1
(
2.3)
218.0
(
1.9)
Some
college
............................................
 
 
 
 
237.2
(
1.5)
229.1
(
3.2)
235.8
(
2.6)
237.6
(
2.1)
236.6
(
2.4)
238.9
(
2.8)
242.1
(
2.9)
234.2
(
3.1)
Graduated
college
....................................
 
 
 
 
232.3
(
1.4)
230.5
(
2.3)
235.2
(
1.4)
236.2
(
1.3)
238.9
(
1.2)
238.5
(
1.4)
240.2
(
1.6)
237.4
(
1.1)
Type
of
school
Public
........................................................
 
 
 
 
218.0
(
1.4)
219.7
(
2.0)
222.6
(
1.4)
227.7
(
0.9)
229.1
(
1.0)
229.5
(
1.4)
228.5
(
1.3)
228.0
(
0.9)
Private
......................................................
 
 
 
 
234.6
(
2.2)
231.5
(
3.2)
233.0
(
2.9)
236.8
(
2.4)
240.2
(
2.7)
242.2
(
2.8)
237.9
(
4.1)
238.9
(
2.6)
Region
Northeast
..................................................
230
(
2.9)
222
(
2.9)
224.4
(
1.6)
221.8
(
2.9)
228.2
(
3.5)
231.1
(
2.4)
234.4
(
2.8)
234.6
(
2.5)
233.6
(
2.6)
237.8
(
2.8)
Southeast
.................................................
206
(
1.6)
207
(
1.6)
205.1
(
2.9)
213.9
(
3.6)
218.8
(
3.1)
219.9
(
1.9)
222.8
(
1.7)
227.4
(
2.2)
224.1
(
3.4)
223.1
(
3.2)
Central
......................................................
233
(
3.0)
228
(
3.0)
225.2
(
2.2)
226.3
(
3.5)
227.9
(
2.2)
234.2
(
1.7)
237.5
(
1.8)
236.2
(
2.7)
233.7
(
2.4)
233.0
(
1.8)
West
.........................................................
226
(
2.2)
221
(
2.2)
220.9
(
2.2)
219.9
(
4.1)
222.1
(
3.2)
229.5
(
1.8)
227.4
(
2.2)
226.4
(
2.7)
228.0
(
1.9)
224.3
(
1.4)

13­
year­
olds
Total
..............................................................
255
(
1.1)
250
(
1.1)
247.4
(
1.1)
250.1
(
1.3)
251.4
(
1.4)
255.2
(
0.9)
258.0
(
0.8)
256.8
(
1.0)
256.0
(
1.0)
255.8
(
0.7)

Male
..........................................................
257
(
1.3)
252
(
1.3)
251.1
(
1.3)
255.6
(
1.5)
256.1
(
1.6)
258.5
(
1.1)
260.1
(
1.2)
259.4
(
1.2)
260.5
(
1.0)
258.7
(
0.9)
Female
......................................................
253
(
1.2)
247
(
1.2)
243.7
(
1.2)
245.0
(
1.3)
246.9
(
1.5)
251.8
(
1.1)
256.0
(
1.0)
254.3
(
1.2)
251.7
(
1.3)
252.9
(
1.0)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................
263
(
0.8)
259
(
0.8)
256.1
(
0.8)
257.3
(
1.1)
259.2
(
1.4)
264.1
(
0.9)
267.1
(
1.0)
266.5
(
1.0)
265.9
(
1.1)
265.8
(
0.8)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................................
215
(
2.4)
205
(
2.4)
208.1
(
2.4)
217.1
(
1.3)
221.6
(
2.5)
225.7
(
3.1)
224.4
(
2.7)
223.9
(
4.2)
225.7
(
2.1)
226.9
(
2.4)
Hispanic
....................................................
 
 
 
 
213.4
(
1.9)
225.5
(
3.9)
226.1
(
3.1)
231.6
(
2.6)
237.5
(
2.6)
232.1
(
2.4)
232.2
(
2.5)
227.2
(
1.9)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.........................
 
 
 
 
223.5
(
1.3)
225.3
(
1.9)
229.4
(
2.7)
232.9
(
2.1)
233.8
(
2.9)
234.3
(
2.5)
229.8
(
3.1)
229.3
(
2.8)
Graduated
high
school
.............................
 
 
 
 
245.3
(
1.1)
243.1
(
1.3)
244.8
(
1.4)
247.3
(
1.3)
246.4
(
1.4)
247.1
(
1.2)
247.6
(
1.7)
243.2
(
1.4)
Some
college
............................................
 
 
 
 
260.3
(
1.3)
258.8
(
1.5)
257.8
(
1.4)
262.8
(
1.2)
265.9
(
1.1)
260.4
(
2.0)
260.6
(
1.4)
260.9
(
1.3)
Graduated
college
....................................
 
 
 
 
266.4
(
1.0)
263.5
(
1.5)
264.4
(
1.9)
267.5
(
1.1)
269.2
(
1.0)
268.8
(
1.3)
266.4
(
1.2)
267.7
(
1.0)
Type
of
school
Public
........................................................
 
 
 
 
245.2
(
1.2)
248.5
(
1.4)
250.9
(
1.4)
253.6
(
1.1)
257.2
(
1.0)
255.4
(
1.1)
254.5
(
1.1)
254.0
(
1.1)
Private
......................................................
 
 
 
 
267.7
(
2.1)
263.7
(
3.2)
263.1
(
6.4)
269.0
(
1.8)
264.5
(
2.4)
267.6
(
2.6)
267.8
(
5.0)
269.3
(
2.7)
Region
Northeast
..................................................
261
(
2.2)
256
(
2.2)
255.2
(
2.3)
254.1
(
2.1)
257.6
(
3.1)
256.8
(
2.7)
256.8
(
2.2)
262.7
(
1.7)
254.7
(
3.0)
257.6
(
2.4)
Southeast
.................................................
239
(
2.4)
237
(
2.4)
235.1
(
1.8)
238.7
(
2.3)
247.1
(
2.2)
251.3
(
1.9)
254.2
(
2.8)
252.6
(
2.6)
250.8
(
2.7)
251.0
(
2.2)
Central
......................................................
262
(
1.8)
256
(
1.8)
253.8
(
1.8)
253.8
(
2.6)
249.4
(
5.3)
260.4
(
2.8)
262.5
(
2.1)
261.1
(
3.5)
265.7
(
1.8)
259.9
(
1.9)
West
.........................................................
255
(
1.8)
248
(
1.8)
243.0
(
2.3)
252.4
(
2.8)
252.3
(
2.7)
252.6
(
2.1)
258.0
(
1.6)
252.2
(
2.1)
253.6
(
1.8)
254.2
(
1.5)

17­
year­
olds
Total
..............................................................
305
(
1.0)
296
(
1.0)
289.5
(
1.0)
283.3
(
1.2)
288.5
(
1.4)
290.4
(
1.1)
294.1
(
1.3)
294.0
(
1.6)
295.7
(
1.2)
295.3
(
1.3)

Male
..........................................................
314
(
1.2)
304
(
1.2)
297.0
(
1.2)
291.9
(
1.4)
294.9
(
1.9)
295.6
(
1.3)
299.1
(
1.7)
299.5
(
2.0)
299.7
(
1.6)
300.4
(
1.6)
Female
......................................................
297
(
1.1)
288
(
1.1)
282.2
(
1.1)
275.2
(
1.3)
282.3
(
1.5)
285.4
(
1.6)
289.0
(
1.5)
288.9
(
1.7)
291.8
(
1.4)
290.6
(
1.5)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................
312
(
0.8)
304
(
0.8)
297.7
(
0.7)
293.1
(
1.0)
297.5
(
1.7)
300.9
(
1.1)
304.2
(
1.3)
306.0
(
1.5)
306.8
(
1.2)
306.2
(
1.3)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................................
258
(
1.5)
250
(
1.5)
240.2
(
1.5)
234.7
(
1.7)
252.8
(
2.9)
253.0
(
4.5)
256.2
(
3.2)
256.8
(
3.1)
260.3
(
2.4)
254.4
(
2.9)
Hispanic
....................................................
 
 
 
 
262.3
(
2.2)
248.7
(
2.3)
259.3
(
3.8)
261.5
(
4.4)
270.2
(
5.6)
261.4
(
6.7)
269.3
(
3.3)
276.0
(
4.2)
Parental
education
Not
high
school
graduate
.........................
 
 
 
 
265.3
(
1.3)
258.5
(
2.4)
257.5
(
3.1)
261.4
(
2.8)
262.0
(
3.8)
255.8
(
4.2)
259.3
(
4.0)
264.0
(
3.7)
Graduated
high
school
.............................
 
 
 
 
284.4
(
0.8)
275.2
(
1.6)
277.0
(
2.0)
276.3
(
1.4)
280.2
(
2.4)
279.2
(
1.7)
282.2
(
2.5)
280.8
(
2.0)
Some
college
............................................
 
 
 
 
295.6
(
1.1)
290.1
(
1.7)
295.1
(
2.5)
296.5
(
1.6)
295.9
(
1.7)
294.8
(
1.9)
297.1
(
1.9)
296.5
(
2.1)
Graduated
college
....................................
 
 
 
 
309.3
(
1.0)
300.2
(
1.7)
303.8
(
2.1)
305.5
(
1.7)
308.3
(
1.3)
310.6
(
1.6)
307.8
(
1.5)
307.2
(
1.5)
Type
of
school
Public
........................................................
 
 
 
 
288.2
(
1.0)
282.3
(
1.1)
287.1
(
1.6)
289.0
(
1.1)
292.2
(
1.3)
291.7
(
1.5)
294.9
(
1.2)
293.4
(
1.3)
Private
......................................................
 
 
 
 
308.4
(
2.4)
292.0
(
2.9)
321.3
(
10.1)
307.8
(
6.6)
311.7
(
3.7)
310.4
(
4.8)
303.6
(
5.5)
311.4
(
4.9)
Region
Northeast
..................................................
308
(
2.5)
298
(
2.5)
296.3
(
2.2)
284.4
(
2.0)
292.2
(
4.3)
292.6
(
3.2)
300.1
(
2.4)
298.9
(
4.2)
296.0
(
3.3)
300.6
(
3.2)
Southeast
.................................................
287
(
2.3)
283
(
2.3)
276.4
(
1.9)
276.3
(
2.7)
283.5
(
2.0)
283.6
(
2.4)
283.0
(
2.5)
287.8
(
2.8)
287.8
(
3.1)
286.1
(
2.7)
Central
......................................................
308
(
1.9)
300
(
1.9)
294.0
(
1.5)
289.3
(
2.6)
294.4
(
2.3)
299.6
(
3.0)
304.2
(
2.7)
297.8
(
3.7)
307.3
(
2.6)
296.2
(
2.4)
West
.........................................................
308
(
1.7)
295
(
1.7)
286.5
(
1.5)
280.9
(
2.7)
283.2
(
3.8)
285.8
(
2.3)
290.4
(
3.8)
291.8
(
4.1)
291.7
(
2.4)
297.8
(
2.7)

 
Not
available.
1
Data
for
17­
year­
olds
are
for
1969.

NOTE:
All
age
groups
exclude
persons
not
enrolled
in
school.
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Performers
at
the
150
level
know
some
general
scientific
facts
of
the
type
that
could
be
learned
from
everyday
experiences.
Performers
at
the
200
level
are
developing
some
understanding
of
simple
scientific
principles,
particularly
in
the
life
sciences.
Performers
at
the
250
level
can
interpret
data
from
simple
tables
and
make
inferences
about
the
outcomes
of
experimental
procedures.
They
exhibit
knowledge
and
understanding
of
the
life
sciences
and
also
demonstrate
some
knowledge
of
basic
information
from
the
physical
sciences.
Performers
at
the
300
level
can
evaluate
the
appropriateness
of
the
design
of
an
experiment
and
have
the
skill
to
apply
their
scientific
knowledge
in
interpreting
information
from
text
and
graphs.
These
students
also
exhibit
a
growing
understanding
of
principles
from
the
physical
sciences.
Performers
at
the
350
level
can
infer
relationships
and
draw
conclusions
using
detailed
scientific
knowledge
from
the
physical
sciences,
particularly
chemistry
They
also
can
apply
basic
principles
of
genetics
and
interpret
the
societal
implications
of
research
in
this
field.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
500.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
150
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
131.
 
Percent
of
students
at
or
above
selected
science
proficiency
levels,
by
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control
of
school,
and
age:
1977
to
1999
Sex,
race/
ethnicity,
control,
and
year
9­
year­
olds
1
13­
year­
olds
2
17­
year­
olds
2
Know
everyday
science
facts
3
Understand
simple
scientific
principles
4
Apply
general
scientific
information
5
Analyze
scientific
procedures
and
data
6
Understand
simple
scientific
principles
4
Apply
general
scientific
information
5
Analyze
scientific
procedures
and
data
6
Integrate
specialized
scientific
information
7
Understand
simple
scientific
principles
4
Apply
general
scientific
information
5
Analyze
scientific
procedures
and
data
6
Integrate
specialized
scientific
information
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
1977
.................................
93.5
(
0.6)
68.0
(
1.1)
25.7
(
0.7)
3.2
(
0.3)
86.0
(
0.7)
48.8
(
1.1)
11.1
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.1)
97.1
(
0.2)
81.6
(
0.7)
41.7
(
0.9)
8.5
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
95.2
(
0.7)
70.7
(
1.9)
24.3
(
1.8)
2.3
(
0.7)
89.8
(
0.8)
50.9
(
1.6)
9.6
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.1)
95.7
(
0.5)
76.6
(
1.0)
37.3
(
0.9)
7.1
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
96.2
(
0.3)
72.0
(
1.1)
27.5
(
1.4)
3.0
(
0.5)
91.6
(
1.0)
52.5
(
1.6)
9.1
(
0.9)
0.2
(
0.1)
97.1
(
0.5)
80.7
(
1.3)
41.3
(
1.4)
7.9
(
0.7)
1990
.................................
97.0
(
0.3)
76.4
(
0.9)
31.1
(
0.8)
3.1
(
0.3)
92.3
(
0.7)
56.5
(
1.0)
11.2
(
0.6)
0.4
(
0.1)
96.7
(
0.3)
81.2
(
0.9)
43.3
(
1.3)
9.2
(
0.5)
1992
.................................
97.4
(
0.3)
78.0
(
1.2)
32.8
(
1.0)
3.4
(
0.3)
93.1
(
0.5)
61.3
(
1.1)
12.0
(
0.8)
0.2
(
0.1)
97.8
(
0.5)
83.3
(
1.2)
46.6
(
1.5)
10.1
(
0.7)
1994
.................................
97.2
(
0.4)
77.4
(
1.0)
33.7
(
1.2)
3.8
(
0.4)
92.4
(
0.6)
59.5
(
1.1)
11.8
(
0.9)
0.2
(
0.1)
97.1
(
0.7)
83.1
(
1.2)
47.5
(
1.3)
10.0
(
0.8)
1996
.................................
96.8
(
0.4)
76.1
(
1.2)
32.2
(
1.3)
4.4
(
0.4)
92.0
(
0.8)
57.6
(
1.1)
12.3
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.2)
97.8
(
0.3)
83.8
(
0.9)
48.4
(
1.3)
10.8
(
1.0)
1999
.................................
97.0
(
0.3)
77.4
(
0.8)
31.4
(
1.0)
3.0
(
0.4)
92.7
(
0.4)
57.9
(
1.0)
10.9
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.1)
98.0
(
0.3)
85.0
(
1.1)
47.4
(
1.4)
9.7
(
0.7)

Male
1977
.................................
94.3
(
0.5)
69.5
(
1.2)
27.4
(
0.9)
3.7
(
0.3)
87.2
(
0.8)
52.3
(
1.3)
13.1
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.2)
97.8
(
0.2)
85.2
(
0.7)
48.8
(
1.1)
11.8
(
0.6)
1982
.................................
95.0
(
1.0)
69.7
(
2.0)
25.6
(
2.6)
2.5
(
1.0)
91.9
(
0.8)
56.2
(
1.8)
12.6
(
1.1)
0.5
(
0.2)
96.8
(
0.5)
81.2
(
1.2)
45.2
(
1.2)
10.4
(
0.8)
1986
.................................
96.8
(
0.5)
74.1
(
1.4)
29.9
(
2.0)
3.8
(
0.6)
92.9
(
1.0)
57.3
(
2.1)
11.9
(
1.3)
0.3
(
0.2)
97.4
(
0.7)
82.4
(
1.4)
48.8
(
2.1)
11.4
(
1.3)
1990
.................................
96.8
(
0.5)
76.3
(
1.2)
33.1
(
1.1)
4.2
(
0.6)
92.7
(
0.8)
59.8
(
1.3)
14.0
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.2)
96.8
(
0.5)
82.5
(
1.2)
48.2
(
1.6)
13.0
(
0.8)
1992
.................................
97.7
(
0.3)
80.4
(
1.4)
37.2
(
1.7)
4.6
(
0.6)
93.1
(
0.8)
62.9
(
1.4)
14.2
(
1.1)
0.3
(
0.1)
98.0
(
0.6)
85.0
(
1.4)
50.9
(
2.0)
13.6
(
1.0)
1994
.................................
97.1
(
0.4)
77.6
(
0.9)
35.3
(
1.4)
4.5
(
0.7)
92.2
(
0.8)
62.0
(
1.3)
14.8
(
1.1)
0.3
(
0.2)
97.1
(
0.6)
84.9
(
1.3)
52.9
(
1.8)
13.8
(
1.2)
1996
.................................
96.9
(
0.5)
76.8
(
1.8)
33.9
(
1.9)
5.2
(
0.7)
93.2
(
0.9)
61.7
(
1.4)
15.5
(
0.9)
0.7
(
0.2)
97.5
(
0.5)
83.8
(
1.1)
53.1
(
1.5)
14.2
(
1.4)
1999
.................................
97.1
(
0.5)
77.8
(
1.3)
33.4
(
1.3)
3.7
(
0.6)
93.0
(
0.6)
61.0
(
1.2)
13.1
(
1.2)
0.2
 
98.0
(
0.5)
85.6
(
1.5)
52.7
(
1.6)
12.9
(
1.2)

Female
1977
.................................
92.8
(
0.7)
66.5
(
1.1)
24.0
(
0.9)
2.6
(
0.3)
84.7
(
0.8)
45.4
(
1.2)
9.0
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.1)
96.4
(
0.3)
78.0
(
1.0)
34.8
(
1.0)
5.3
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
95.5
(
1.2)
71.8
(
2.2)
23.0
(
2.0)
2.1
(
0.6)
87.9
(
1.0)
46.0
(
1.6)
6.9
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.1)
94.6
(
0.8)
72.2
(
1.3)
29.9
(
1.2)
3.9
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
95.6
(
0.6)
70.0
(
1.3)
25.1
(
1.4)
2.2
(
0.5)
90.3
(
1.2)
47.7
(
1.7)
6.3
(
1.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
96.9
(
0.5)
79.1
(
1.7)
34.1
(
1.5)
4.5
(
0.8)
1990
.................................
97.1
(
0.4)
76.4
(
1.1)
29.1
(
1.0)
2.0
(
0.3)
92.0
(
0.8)
53.3
(
1.4)
8.5
(
0.6)
0.2
 
96.6
(
0.6)
79.9
(
1.4)
38.7
(
1.7)
5.5
(
0.5)
1992
.................................
97.1
(
0.5)
75.7
(
1.2)
28.6
(
1.1)
2.2
(
0.3)
93.1
(
0.7)
59.6
(
1.4)
9.9
(
0.8)
0.2
 
97.5
(
0.7)
81.6
(
1.4)
42.0
(
1.7)
6.6
(
1.0)
1994
.................................
97.3
(
0.5)
77.2
(
1.4)
32.2
(
1.5)
3.2
(
0.4)
92.6
(
0.6)
57.1
(
1.4)
8.8
(
1.0)
0.1
 
97.2
(
1.0)
81.6
(
1.6)
42.4
(
1.8)
6.4
(
0.6)
1996
.................................
96.6
(
0.6)
75.5
(
1.0)
30.7
(
1.9)
3.6
(
0.6)
90.9
(
1.2)
53.8
(
1.5)
9.2
(
0.8)
0.2
 
98.1
(
0.4)
83.7
(
1.1)
43.9
(
1.7)
7.4
(
1.0)
1999
.................................
97.0
(
0.5)
77.0
(
1.3)
29.5
(
1.3)
2.4
(
0.4)
92.4
(
0.6)
54.7
(
1.7)
8.8
(
0.8)
0.1
 
98.0
(
0.5)
84.5
(
1.4)
42.5
(
1.7)
6.8
(
0.8)

White,
non­
Hispanic
1977
.................................
97.7
(
0.3)
76.8
(
0.7)
30.8
(
0.7)
3.9
(
0.3)
92.2
(
0.5)
56.5
(
0.9)
13.4
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.1)
99.2
(
0.1)
88.2
(
0.4)
47.5
(
0.7)
10.0
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
98.3
(
0.4)
78.4
(
2.0)
29.4
(
2.1)
2.9
(
0.9)
94.4
(
0.6)
58.3
(
1.4)
11.5
(
0.8)
0.4
(
0.1)
98.6
(
0.2)
84.9
(
0.9)
43.9
(
1.1)
8.6
(
0.6)
1986
.................................
98.2
(
0.3)
78.9
(
1.0)
32.7
(
1.5)
3.8
(
0.6)
96.1
(
0.8)
61.0
(
1.7)
11.3
(
1.2)
0.3
(
0.1)
98.8
(
0.3)
87.8
(
1.4)
48.7
(
1.7)
9.6
(
0.9)
1990
.................................
99.2
(
0.2)
84.4
(
0.7)
37.5
(
1.1)
3.9
(
0.4)
96.9
(
0.4)
66.5
(
1.2)
14.2
(
0.8)
0.5
(
0.1)
99.0
(
0.2)
89.6
(
0.8)
51.2
(
1.5)
11.4
(
0.7)
1992
.................................
99.2
(
0.1)
85.5
(
0.9)
39.4
(
1.1)
4.3
(
0.4)
97.9
(
0.4)
71.1
(
1.3)
15.0
(
1.0)
0.3
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.3)
90.5
(
1.0)
55.4
(
1.7)
12.8
(
0.9)
1994
.................................
99.1
(
0.3)
85.6
(
1.0)
40.8
(
1.5)
4.9
(
0.6)
97.6
(
0.4)
70.5
(
1.1)
14.8
(
1.0)
0.3
(
0.1)
99.3
(
0.3)
91.5
(
0.9)
57.5
(
1.6)
13.2
(
1.1)
1996
.................................
98.6
(
0.3)
83.8
(
1.2)
39.6
(
1.5)
5.9
(
0.5)
97.0
(
0.5)
68.5
(
1.2)
15.9
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.2)
99.3
(
0.3)
91.2
(
0.7)
58.5
(
1.6)
13.8
(
1.4)
1999
.................................
99.3
(
0.2)
86.7
(
0.7)
39.2
(
1.3)
4.1
(
0.5)
97.5
(
0.3)
69.4
(
1.0)
14.3
(
1.0)
0.2
 
99.4
(
0.2)
92.6
(
0.8)
57.2
(
2.0)
12.4
(
0.7)

Black,
non­
Hispanic
1977
.................................
72.4
(
1.8)
27.2
(
1.5)
3.5
(
0.6)
0.2
 
57.3
(
2.4)
14.9
(
1.7)
1.2
(
0.4)
0.0
 
83.6
(
1.3)
40.5
(
1.5)
7.7
(
1.0)
0.4
(
0.2)
1982
.................................
82.1
(
3.0)
38.9
(
2.7)
3.9
(
1.3)
0.1
 
68.6
(
2.4)
17.1
(
1.9)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.0
 
79.7
(
1.9)
35.0
(
2.1)
6.5
(
1.1)
0.2
(
0.2)
1986
.................................
88.6
(
1.4)
46.2
(
2.3)
8.3
(
1.5)
0.3
 
73.6
(
3.0)
19.6
(
2.8)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.0
 
90.9
(
2.1)
52.2
(
3.2)
12.5
(
2.2)
0.9
(
0.6)
1990
.................................
88.0
(
1.3)
46.4
(
3.1)
8.5
(
1.1)
0.1
 
77.6
(
3.6)
24.3
(
3.3)
1.5
(
0.5)
0.1
 
88.3
(
1.9)
51.4
(
3.7)
15.7
(
4.0)
1.5
(
0.8)
1992
.................................
90.7
(
1.8)
51.3
(
3.5)
9.2
(
1.4)
0.3
 
73.8
(
2.8)
26.2
(
2.8)
1.8
(
0.8)
0.0
 
92.1
(
1.8)
55.7
(
3.7)
14.1
(
2.5)
0.8
 
1994
.................................
91.0
(
1.5)
51.6
(
2.3)
11.1
(
1.4)
0.2
 
73.5
(
3.2)
22.4
(
4.3)
2.2
 
0.0
 
91.1
(
1.9)
58.1
(
3.7)
15.4
(
2.3)
0.5
(
0.3)
1996
.................................
91.0
(
1.6)
52.2
(
3.4)
10.6
(
2.0)
0.3
 
75.9
(
2.7)
25.5
(
2.2)
1.9
(
0.9)
0.0
 
93.0
(
1.2)
59.8
(
3.2)
17.7
(
2.7)
0.8
(
0.5)
1999
.................................
88.9
(
1.6)
49.2
(
2.6)
9.5
(
1.6)
0.3
 
79.1
(
2.4)
24.9
(
3.6)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.0
 
91.9
(
1.7)
54.8
(
3.4)
12.4
(
2.2)
0.4
 
Hispanic
1977
.................................
84.6
(
1.8)
42.0
(
3.1)
8.8
(
1.7)
0.3
 
62.2
(
2.4)
18.1
(
1.8)
1.8
(
0.8)
0.0
 
93.1
(
1.7)
61.5
(
1.7)
18.5
(
2.1)
1.8
(
0.6)
1982
.................................
85.1
(
3.1)
40.2
(
6.1)
4.2
(
2.7)
0.0
 
75.5
(
3.3)
24.1
(
5.1)
2.4
(
0.9)
0.0
 
86.9
(
2.9)
48.0
(
2.7)
11.1
(
2.0)
1.4
(
0.9)
1986
.................................
89.6
(
2.4)
50.1
(
3.7)
10.7
(
2.4)
0.2
 
76.7
(
3.2)
24.9
(
4.3)
1.5
(
0.7)
0.0
 
93.3
(
2.4)
60.0
(
7.2)
14.8
(
2.9)
1.1
(
0.7)
1990
.................................
93.6
(
1.5)
56.3
(
3.7)
11.6
(
2.1)
0.4
 
80.2
(
2.9)
30.0
(
2.8)
3.3
(
0.8)
0.1
 
91.9
(
2.2)
59.9
(
5.0)
21.1
(
3.3)
2.1
 
1992
.................................
92.4
(
1.7)
55.5
(
4.3)
11.7
(
1.8)
0.4
 
86.2
(
2.6)
36.5
(
2.9)
3.3
(
1.3)
0.0
 
94.6
(
2.6)
68.3
(
6.6)
23.0
(
3.8)
2.5
(
1.2)
1994
.................................
91.1
(
2.3)
49.9
(
3.1)
10.8
(
2.5)
0.7
(
0.5)
81.2
(
2.5)
31.6
(
3.3)
2.4
(
0.9)
0.0
 
89.9
(
3.3)
58.6
(
7.4)
21.7
(
4.1)
1.5
(
0.7)
1996
.................................
92.6
(
1.9)
57.8
(
3.1)
13.1
(
3.1)
0.4
 
81.0
(
2.8)
30.9
(
3.3)
3.2
(
1.0)
0.0
 
94.1
(
1.6)
67.6
(
4.5)
23.9
(
2.5)
3.0
(
1.4)
1999
.................................
94.2
(
1.8)
56.3
(
2.5)
11.6
(
1.6)
0.3
 
78.3
(
2.3)
24.7
(
2.2)
1.8
(
0.6)
0.0
 
96.9
(
2.0)
73.3
(
4.2)
27.2
(
4.5)
4.7
(
1.6)

Public
1977
.................................
93.0
(
0.7)
66.4
(
1.3)
24.5
(
0.9)
2.9
(
0.3)
84.9
(
0.8)
46.7
(
1.2)
10.2
(
0.5)
0.6
(
0.1)
97.0
(
0.2)
80.8
(
0.7)
40.5
(
0.8)
8.1
(
0.4)
1982
.................................
94.9
(
0.8)
69.5
(
2.1)
23.9
(
2.1)
2.3
(
0.7)
89.2
(
0.9)
49.2
(
1.8)
8.9
(
0.8)
0.3
(
0.1)
95.4
(
0.6)
75.8
(
1.0)
36.6
(
0.9)
6.9
(
0.4)
1986
.................................
95.8
(
0.4)
70.5
(
1.3)
26.3
(
1.5)
2.8
(
0.6)
91.3
(
1.0)
51.9
(
1.7)
8.9
(
0.9)
0.2
(
0.1)
97.0
(
0.5)
80.1
(
1.4)
39.9
(
1.5)
7.2
(
0.7)
1990
.................................
96.7
(
0.4)
75.5
(
1.0)
30.3
(
0.8)
3.0
(
0.4)
91.6
(
0.8)
54.7
(
1.2)
10.7
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.1)
96.5
(
0.4)
80.4
(
0.9)
42.0
(
1.3)
8.7
(
0.5)
1992
.................................
97.1
(
0.4)
76.7
(
1.3)
31.5
(
1.0)
3.2
(
0.3)
92.7
(
0.5)
60.2
(
1.2)
11.9
(
0.9)
0.3
(
0.1)
97.5
(
0.5)
82.0
(
1.2)
44.8
(
1.5)
9.6
(
0.8)
1994
.................................
96.9
(
0.4)
76.1
(
1.2)
32.5
(
1.4)
3.6
(
0.5)
91.9
(
0.6)
57.8
(
1.2)
11.3
(
0.9)
0.2
(
0.1)
96.8
(
0.7)
81.7
(
1.3)
45.3
(
1.1)
9.4
(
0.5)
1996
.................................
96.7
(
0.5)
75.3
(
1.3)
30.9
(
1.4)
4.1
(
0.3)
91.5
(
0.8)
56.0
(
1.3)
11.5
(
0.8)
0.4
(
0.2)
97.7
(
0.4)
83.2
(
1.0)
47.7
(
1.3)
10.5
(
1.0)
1999
.................................
96.7
(
0.4)
76.1
(
1.1)
30.4
(
0.9)
2.8
(
0.4)
92.0
(
0.5)
55.7
(
1.3)
10.1
(
0.9)
0.1
 
97.8
(
0.3)
83.8
(
1.1)
45.7
(
1.5)
9.2
(
0.7)

Private
1977
.................................
98.1
(
0.6)
80.3
(
1.7)
35.6
(
1.9)
5.1
(
1.1)
95.7
(
1.0)
68.8
(
2.6)
19.6
(
1.9)
1.6
(
0.3)
99.5
(
0.2)
92.9
(
1.2)
58.9
(
2.8)
14.8
(
1.9)
1982
.................................
98.9
 
82.6
(
3.5)
28.2
(
5.6)
2.1
(
1.2)
95.0
(
1.5)
65.8
(
4.1)
16.0
(
2.4)
0.8
(
0.5)
97.9
(
0.7)
83.5
(
2.8)
44.2
(
2.6)
8.5
(
2.3)
1986
.................................
98.2
(
0.7)
79.7
(
2.3)
33.8
(
2.8)
4.0
(
0.7)
97.3
(
1.8)
66.8
(
8.2)
12.8
(
3.6)
0.3
 
99.8
 
96.5
(
2.2)
74.6
(
10.9)
23.1
(
7.7)
1990
.................................
98.7
 
83.6
(
2.4)
37.2
(
3.0)
3.9
(
1.0)
98.4
(
0.8)
72.0
(
2.6)
16.2
(
1.5)
0.5
 
99.5
 
90.6
(
4.1)
59.8
(
6.7)
15.8
(
3.2)
1992
.................................
99.2
 
86.2
(
2.0)
40.6
(
3.4)
4.6
(
1.3)
96.4
(
1.1)
68.9
(
3.1)
13.2
(
2.0)
0.1
 
100.0
 
95.5
(
2.0)
63.1
(
5.3)
14.1
(
2.7)
1994
.................................
99.3
(
0.4)
87.1
(
2.4)
42.7
(
2.8)
5.6
(
1.0)
96.5
(
1.4)
72.7
(
3.2)
15.5
(
2.6)
0.1
 
99.3
(
0.4)
93.1
(
2.3)
62.7
(
5.2)
14.8
(
4.0)
1996
.................................
97.2
(
1.2)
81.6
(
3.2)
41.1
(
3.7)
6.5
(
2.2)
96.0
(
2.1)
70.6
(
5.4)
18.2
(
3.0)
1.0
 
99.0
 
90.1
(
3.0)
56.3
(
7.0)
13.0
(
3.1)
1999
.................................
99.2
(
0.5)
86.2
(
3.0)
38.2
(
4.2)
4.5
(
1.2)
97.9
(
1.2)
74.1
(
2.8)
17.3
(
2.5)
0.3
 
99.6
 
94.9
(
3.2)
62.2
(
4.2)
14.0
(
2.9)

 
Not
available.

1
Virtually
no
students
were
able
to
integrate
specialized
scientific
information.

2
Virtually
all
students
knew
everyday
science
facts.

3
Scale
score
of
150
or
above.

4
Scale
score
of
200
or
above.

5
Scale
score
of
250
or
above.

6
Scale
score
of
300
or
above.

7
Scale
score
of
350
or
above.
NOTE:
Science
proficiency
levels
measured
by
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
Trends
in
Academic
Progress,
various
years,
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
151
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
132.
 
Average
proficiency
in
science
for
8th­
graders
in
public
schools,
by
selected
characteristics
and
state:
1996
State
Average
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Parental
education
1
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Did
not
finish
high
school
Graduated
high
school
Some
education
after
high
school
Graduated
college
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
.........
148
(
0.9)
149
(
1.1)
148
(
1.2)
159
(
1.1)
120
(
1.2)
127
(
1.8)
150
(
3.3)
148
(
4.2)
131
(
2.0)
140
(
1.5)
155
(
1.2)
157
(
1.3)

Alabama
......................
139
(
1.6)
138
(
2.0)
139
(
1.7)
151
(
1.5)
117
(
1.8)
107
(
7.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
130
(
3.0)
129
(
2.0)
145
(
1.7)
147
(
2.3)
Alaska
3
.......................
153
(
1.3)
155
(
1.5)
150
(
1.8)
162
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
137
(
4.6)
152
(
3.8)
129
(
3.4)
(
2)
(
2)
141
(
3.1)
155
(
1.5)
163
(
1.3)
Arizona
........................
145
(
1.6)
147
(
1.8)
143
(
1.7)
157
(
1.3)
124
(
3.3)
129
(
2.1)
(
2)
(
2)
121
(
8.6)
121
(
3.1)
136
(
2.1)
151
(
1.7)
158
(
1.4)
Arkansas
3
...................
144
(
1.3)
147
(
1.8)
142
(
1.5)
154
(
1.5)
116
(
2.5)
122
(
5.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
129
(
3.3)
136
(
1.9)
150
(
1.9)
154
(
2.0)
California
.....................
138
(
1.7)
140
(
2.0)
136
(
1.9)
156
(
1.7)
121
(
3.4)
121
(
1.9)
148
(
3.6)
(
2)
(
2)
118
(
2.7)
129
(
2.5)
144
(
2.0)
153
(
2.0)

Colorado
.....................
155
(
0.9)
156
(
1.2)
153
(
1.1)
162
(
0.8)
142
(
2.2)
135
(
2.3)
155
(
4.8)
142
(
4.3)
133
(
3.9)
142
(
1.9)
157
(
1.6)
163
(
0.9)
Connecticut
.................
155
(
1.3)
156
(
1.4)
155
(
1.5)
165
(
1.0)
121
(
4.4)
122
(
2.6)
163
(
3.7)
(
2)
(
2)
129
(
3.8)
140
(
2.3)
155
(
1.7)
167
(
1.2)
Delaware
.....................
142
(
0.8)
143
(
1.4)
140
(
1.0)
152
(
0.8)
122
(
1.8)
116
(
4.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
121
(
4.5)
135
(
1.8)
146
(
1.4)
151
(
1.4)
District
of
Columbia
....
113
(
0.7)
113
(
1.2)
113
(
1.4)
(
2)(
2)
112
(
0.9)
98
(
3.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
106
(
3.1)
107
(
1.8)
120
(
2.5)
121
(
1.6)
Florida
.........................
142
(
1.6)
144
(
1.6)
140
(
2.0)
155
(
1.5)
119
(
2.7)
129
(
2.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
127
(
3.4)
132
(
2.3)
148
(
1.5)
150
(
2.0)

Georgia
.......................
142
(
1.4)
144
(
1.8)
139
(
1.5)
155
(
1.2)
122
(
1.4)
128
(
4.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
127
(
2.4)
129
(
2.1)
145
(
1.6)
153
(
2.2)
Hawaii
.........................
135
(
0.7)
135
(
1.0)
135
(
1.0)
146
(
1.8)
128
(
4.4)
121
(
1.8)
138
(
1.1)
(
2)
(
2)
119
(
5.3)
120
(
2.3)
139
(
1.9)
147
(
1.1)
Indiana
........................
153
(
1.4)
154
(
1.7)
152
(
1.5)
158
(
1.3)
125
(
3.3)
139
(
2.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
139
(
2.9)
144
(
1.9)
156
(
1.7)
162
(
1.9)
Iowa
3
..........................
158
(
1.2)
159
(
1.3)
157
(
1.4)
160
(
1.1)
131
(
3.6)
140
(
4.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
141
(
3.4)
150
(
1.5)
160
(
1.7)
165
(
1.2)
Kentucky
.....................
147
(
1.2)
148
(
1.5)
147
(
1.3)
151
(
1.1)
127
(
2.7)
113
(
6.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
130
(
2.1)
143
(
1.5)
151
(
1.6)
158
(
1.8)

Louisiana
.....................
132
(
1.6)
136
(
1.9)
129
(
1.7)
148
(
1.3)
113
(
2.1)
104
(
5.7)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
123
(
3.1)
128
(
1.9)
141
(
2.1)
136
(
2.3)
Maine
..........................
163
(
1.0)
165
(
1.2)
161
(
1.2)
164
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
141
(
4.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
141
(
2.9)
153
(
1.5)
164
(
1.7)
171
(
1.1)
Maryland
3
...................
145
(
1.5)
146
(
1.9)
145
(
1.5)
160
(
1.4)
124
(
1.4)
121
(
4.1)
161
(
3.6)
(
2)
(
2)
126
(
3.6)
136
(
2.0)
147
(
2.0)
153
(
2.0)
Massachusetts
............
157
(
1.4)
159
(
1.7)
154
(
1.5)
163
(
1.2)
126
(
3.3)
126
(
3.9)
152
(
7.3)
(
2)
(
2)
134
(
4.7)
145
(
2.4)
156
(
2.0)
166
(
1.3)
Michigan
3
...................
153
(
1.4)
156
(
1.6)
150
(
1.7)
161
(
1.4)
122
(
2.4)
134
(
4.9)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
137
(
5.3)
144
(
2.0)
156
(
1.6)
161
(
1.7)

Minnesota
...................
159
(
1.3)
161
(
1.4)
157
(
1.5)
162
(
1.2)
130
(
4.4)
134
(
5.3)
152
(
9.7)
(
2)
(
2)
137
(
4.5)
151
(
1.8)
161
(
1.7)
165
(
1.4)
Mississippi
...................
133
(
1.4)
134
(
1.8)
132
(
1.3)
149
(
1.2)
119
(
1.4)
105
(
3.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
125
(
2.5)
126
(
1.9)
142
(
1.8)
138
(
1.9)
Missouri
.......................
151
(
1.2)
152
(
1.3)
150
(
1.3)
158
(
1.0)
120
(
2.8)
130
(
5.0)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
136
(
2.8)
144
(
1.6)
156
(
1.4)
159
(
1.3)
Montana
3
....................
162
(
1.2)
164
(
1.7)
160
(
1.3)
166
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
147
(
2.7)
(
2)
(
2)
139
(
2.7)
139
(
3.1)
155
(
2.2)
164
(
1.5)
168
(
1.3)
Nebraska
.....................
157
(
1.0)
160
(
1.2)
155
(
1.3)
161
(
0.9)
130
(
3.1)
134
(
3.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
133
(
2.8)
148
(
1.8)
161
(
1.5)
165
(
1.2)

New
Mexico
................
141
(
1.0)
143
(
1.3)
139
(
1.1)
159
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
130
(
1.1)
(
2)
(
2)
126
(
2.4)
119
(
2.4)
131
(
1.8)
147
(
1.5)
154
(
1.2)
New
York
3
..................
146
(
1.6)
148
(
2.5)
143
(
1.3)
161
(
1.4)
120
(
1.9)
116
(
2.7)
155
(
5.4)
(
2)
(
2)
123
(
5.4)
138
(
3.6)
147
(
2.0)
157
(
1.7)
North
Carolina
.............
147
(
1.2)
149
(
1.5)
145
(
1.3)
157
(
1.1)
126
(
1.4)
123
(
3.6)
(
2)
(
2)
136
(
4.1)
126
(
2.6)
134
(
1.7)
150
(
1.7)
158
(
1.4)
North
Dakota
...............
162
(
0.8)
163
(
0.9)
161
(
0.9)
164
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
137
(
4.5)
(
2)
(
2)
137
(
6.9)
148
(
3.7)
157
(
1.9)
160
(
1.6)
167
(
0.9)
Oregon
........................
155
(
1.6)
157
(
2.0)
153
(
1.5)
158
(
1.4)
(
2)
(
2)
133
(
3.7)
157
(
3.3)
142
(
7.9)
137
(
3.1)
143
(
2.0)
157
(
1.5)
164
(
1.7)

Rhode
Island
...............
149
(
0.8)
150
(
1.1)
148
(
1.2)
155
(
0.9)
130
(
2.8)
118
(
1.8)
142
(
3.1)
(
2)
(
2)
123
(
2.7)
141
(
1.9)
154
(
1.8)
160
(
1.0)
South
Carolina
3
..........
139
(
1.5)
141
(
1.9)
136
(
1.5)
153
(
1.6)
122
(
1.6)
122
(
4.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
125
(
3.7)
127
(
1.8)
145
(
2.1)
148
(
2.1)
Tennessee
..................
143
(
1.8)
144
(
2.0)
142
(
2.1)
151
(
1.7)
117
(
3.1)
104
(
6.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
127
(
2.4)
135
(
2.2)
149
(
2.2)
154
(
2.2)
Texas
..........................
145
(
1.8)
147
(
1.6)
143
(
2.4)
161
(
1.2)
127
(
2.4)
129
(
2.7)
157
(
3.6)
(
2)
(
2)
128
(
2.0)
137
(
2.4)
152
(
1.8)
157
(
1.5)
Utah
............................
156
(
0.8)
159
(
1.2)
154
(
0.8)
159
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
133
(
2.9)
143
(
3.2)
(
2)
(
2)
129
(
5.9)
147
(
1.5)
156
(
1.5)
162
(
0.8)

Vermont
3
....................
157
(
1.0)
158
(
1.3)
156
(
1.1)
159
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
136
(
3.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
132
(
4.3)
146
(
1.5)
157
(
1.8)
167
(
1.1)
Virginia
........................
149
(
1.6)
150
(
1.7)
148
(
1.7)
158
(
1.4)
126
(
2.3)
132
(
4.2)
165
(
3.2)
(
2)
(
2)
127
(
2.8)
136
(
2.1)
152
(
1.9)
161
(
1.9)
Washington
.................
150
(
1.3)
152
(
1.6)
147
(
1.4)
156
(
1.1)
127
(
4.2)
125
(
3.5)
149
(
3.3)
130
(
4.3)
128
(
4.2)
141
(
2.3)
154
(
1.7)
158
(
1.4)
West
Virginia
...............
147
(
0.9)
148
(
1.3)
147
(
1.1)
149
(
0.9)
127
(
3.2)
122
(
4.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
130
(
2.3)
142
(
1.2)
152
(
1.3)
156
(
1.3)
Wisconsin
3
.................
160
(
1.7)
161
(
1.9)
158
(
1.7)
165
(
1.1)
115
(
5.3)
141
(
4.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
140
(
4.3)
155
(
2.3)
161
(
1.8)
169
(
1.6)
Wyoming
.....................
158
(
0.6)
159
(
1.0)
156
(
0.9)
161
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
2)
140
(
1.9)
(
2)
(
2)
138
(
2.5)
139
(
2.7)
150
(
1.3)
159
(
1.3)
165
(
0.9)

Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
overseas
schools
....
155
(
0.7)
157
(
1.1)
154
(
0.9)
164
(
1.2)
140
(
1.2)
146
(
1.6)
156
(
1.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
144
(
1.9)
159
(
1.3)
158
(
1.0)

Outlying
area
Guam
..........................
120
(
1.1)
120
(
1.6)
120
(
1.6)
138
(
4.6)
(
2)
(
2)
106
(
2.9)
122
(
1.4)
(
2)
(
2)
106
(
3.6)
113
(
2.0)
130
(
2.4)
128
(
2.1)

1
Parents'
highest
level
of
education.
Data
not
shown
for
students
who
did
not
know
parents'
level
of
education.
2
Sample
size
is
insufficient
to
permit
a
reliable
estimate.
3
Did
not
satisfy
one
or
more
of
the
guidelines
for
school
sample
participation
rates.
Data
are
subject
to
appreciable
nonresponse
bias.

NOTE:
These
test
scores
are
from
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
NAEP
scores
have
been
evaluated
at
certain
performance
levels.
Scale
ranges
from
0
to
300.
Excludes
states
not
participating
in
the
survey.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
NAEP
1996
Science
Report
Card
for
the
Nation
and
the
States,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1999.)
152
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
133.
 
Performance
of
8th­
grade
students
in
music,
theatre,
and
visual
arts,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students:
1997
Selected
characteristics
of
students
Music
Visual
arts
Theatre
Average
creating
score
(
0
to
100
percent)
Average
performing
score
(
0
to
100
percent)
Average
responding
scale
score
(
0
 
300)
Average
creating
score
(
0
to
100
percent)
Average
responding
scale
score
(
0
 
300)
Average
creating/
performing
(
0
to
100
percent)
Average
responding
scale
score
(
0
 
300)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
All
students
.......................................
34
(
1.1)
34
(
1.2)
150
(
1.3)
43
(
0.7)
150
(
1.1)
49
(
2.0)
150
(
5.7)

Sex
Male
................................................
32
(
1.0)
27
(
1.4)
140
(
1.5)
42
(
0.7)
146
(
1.5)
46
(
2.2)
140
(
6.6)
Female
...........................................
37
(
1.6)
40
(
1.5)
160
(
1.6)
45
(
0.9)
154
(
1.4)
52
(
2.1)
158
(
5.6)

Race/
ethnicity
White
..............................................
36
(
1.2)
36
(
1.4)
158
(
1.4)
46
(
0.9)
159
(
1.3)
52
(
1.9)
159
(
4.4)
Black
...............................................
34
(
3.6)
30
(
1.9)
130
(
2.3)
37
(
1.8)
124
(
2.0)
39
(
2.2)
120
(
10.1)
Hispanic
..........................................
29
(
2.7)
24
(
3.7)
127
(
3.5)
38
(
1.3)
128
(
2.0)
44
(
2.5)
139
(
6.2)
Asian
..............................................
31
(
3.8)
 
 
152
(
6.2)
45
(
1.6)
153
(
6.4)
 
 
 
 
Parents'
level
of
education
Not
high
school
graduate
...............
24
(
2.5)
21
(
2.4)
129
(
3.5)
36
(
1.4)
125
(
2.4)
42
(
2.1)
131
(
4.4)
Graduated
high
school
...................
29
(
2.0)
29
(
2.4)
139
(
1.3)
41
(
1.1)
138
(
1.8)
42
(
1.9)
130
(
8.5)
Some
college
.................................
35
(
1.3)
34
(
2.4)
150
(
1.8)
44
(
0.8)
153
(
1.8)
49
(
1.8)
153
(
5.1)
Graduated
college
..........................
39
(
1.3)
39
(
1.5)
159
(
1.7)
46
(
0.7)
158
(
1.4)
52
(
2.2)
157
(
5.6)

Region
Northeast
........................................
39
(
2.0)
34
(
2.6)
153
(
4.0)
45
(
1.5)
152
(
4.0)
 
 
 
 
Southeast
.......................................
30
(
2.7)
33
(
2.4)
139
(
2.7)
42
(
1.0)
143
(
3.3)
 
 
 
 
Central
............................................
36
(
1.4)
33
(
2.1)
157
(
3.0)
45
(
1.8)
157
(
3.5)
 
 
 
 
West
...............................................
33
(
2.3)
35
(
2.9)
152
(
3.0)
43
(
1.3)
149
(
2.6)
51
(
2.1)
157
(
5.3)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Creating
refers
to
expressing
ideas
and
feelings
in
the
form
of
an
original
work
of
art,
for
example,
a
dance,
a
piece
of
music,
a
dramatic
improvisation,
or
a
sculpture.
Performing
refers
to
performing
an
existing
work,
a
process
that
calls
upon
the
interpretive
or
recreative
skills
of
the
student.
Responding
refers
to
observing,
describing,
analyzing
and
evaluating
works
of
art.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
The
NAEP
1997
Arts
Report
Card.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1998.)

Table
134.
 
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
SAT)
averages,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1986
 
87
 
2000
 
01
Racial/
ethnic
background
1986
 
87
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
Score
change
1986
 
87
to
1996
 
97
1990
 
91
to
2000
 
01
1995
 
96
to
1996
 
97
1996
 
97
to
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
to
1999
 
2000
1999
 
2000
to
2000
 
01
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
SAT­
Verbal
All
students
........................
507
499
505
505
505
505
505
506
 
2
7
0
0
0
1
White
........................................
524
518
526
526
526
527
528
529
2
11
0
0
1
1
Black
........................................
428
427
434
434
434
434
434
433
6
6
0
0
0
 
1
Hispanic
or
Latino
....................
464
458
465
466
461
463
461
460
2
2
1
 
5
 
2
 
1
Mexican
American
...................
457
454
455
451
453
453
453
451
 
6
 
3
 
4
2
0
 
2
Puerto
Rican
............................
436
436
452
454
452
455
456
457
18
21
2
 
2
1
1
Asian
American
.......................
479
485
496
496
498
498
499
501
17
16
0
2
1
2
American
Indian
.......................
471
470
483
475
480
484
482
481
4
11
 
8
5
 
2
 
1
Other
........................................
480
486
511
512
511
511
508
503
32
17
1
 
1
 
3
 
5
SAT­
Mathematical
All
students
........................
501
500
508
511
512
511
514
514
10
14
3
1
3
0
White
........................................
514
513
523
526
528
528
530
531
12
18
3
2
2
1
Black
........................................
411
419
422
423
426
422
426
426
12
7
1
3
4
0
Hispanic
or
Latino
....................
462
462
466
468
466
464
467
465
6
3
2
 
2
3
 
2
Mexican
American
...................
455
459
459
458
460
456
460
458
3
 
1
 
1
2
4
 
2
Puerto
Rican
............................
432
439
445
447
447
448
451
451
15
12
2
0
3
0
Asian
American
.......................
541
548
558
560
562
560
565
566
19
18
2
2
5
1
American
Indian
.......................
463
468
477
475
483
481
481
479
12
11
 
2
8
0
 
2
Other
........................................
482
492
512
514
514
511
515
512
32
20
2
0
4
 
3
NOTE:
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
was
formerly
known
as
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test.
Possible
scores
on
each
part
of
the
SAT
range
from
200
to
800.
SOURCE:
College
Entrance
Examination
Board,
National
Report
on
College­
Bound
Seniors,
various
years.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
College
Entrance
Examination
Board.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
153
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
135.
 
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages
for
college­
bound
high
school
seniors,
by
sex:
1966
 
67
to
2000
 
01
School
year
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
I
1
(
recentered
scale)
2
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test
(
old
scale)

Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1966
 
67
.........
543
540
545
516
535
495
466
463
468
492
514
467
1967
 
68
.........
543
541
543
516
533
497
466
464
466
492
512
470
1968
 
69
.........
540
536
543
517
534
498
463
459
466
493
513
470
1969
 
70
.........
537
536
538
512
531
493
460
459
461
488
509
465
1970
 
71
.........
532
531
534
513
529
494
455
454
457
488
507
466
1971
 
72
.........
530
531
529
509
527
489
453
454
452
484
505
461
1972
 
73
.........
523
523
521
506
525
489
445
446
443
481
502
460
1973
 
74
.........
521
524
520
505
524
488
444
447
442
480
501
459
1974
 
75
.........
512
515
509
498
518
479
434
437
431
472
495
449
1975
 
76
.........
509
511
508
497
520
475
431
433
430
472
497
446
1976
 
77
.........
507
509
505
496
520
474
429
431
427
470
497
445
1977
 
78
.........
507
511
503
494
517
474
429
433
425
468
494
444
1978
 
79
.........
505
509
501
493
516
473
427
431
423
467
493
443
1979
 
80
.........
502
506
498
492
515
473
424
428
420
466
491
443
1980
 
81
.........
502
508
496
492
516
473
424
430
418
466
492
443
1981
 
82
.........
504
509
499
493
516
473
426
431
421
467
493
443
1982
 
83
.........
503
508
498
494
516
474
425
430
420
468
493
445
1983
 
84
.........
504
511
498
497
518
478
426
433
420
471
495
449
1984
 
85
.........
509
514
503
500
522
480
431
437
425
475
499
452
1985
 
86
.........
509
515
504
500
523
479
431
437
426
475
501
451
1986
 
87
.........
507
512
502
501
523
481
430
435
425
476
500
453
1987
 
88
.........
505
512
499
501
521
483
428
435
422
476
498
455
1988
 
89
.........
504
510
498
502
523
482
427
434
421
476
500
454
1989
 
90
.........
500
505
496
501
521
483
424
429
419
476
499
455
1990
 
91
.........
499
503
495
500
520
482
422
426
418
474
497
453
1991
 
92
.........
500
504
496
501
521
484
423
428
419
476
499
456
1992
 
93
.........
500
504
497
503
524
484
424
428
420
478
502
457
1993
 
94
.........
499
501
497
504
523
487
423
425
421
479
501
460
1994
 
95
.........
504
505
502
506
525
490
428
429
426
482
503
463
1995
 
96
.........
505
507
503
508
527
492
 
 
 
 
 
 
1996
 
97
.........
505
507
503
511
530
494
 
 
 
 
 
 
1997
 
98
.........
505
509
502
512
531
496
 
 
 
 
 
 
1998
 
99
.........
505
509
502
511
531
495
 
 
 
 
 
 
1999
 
2000
.....
505
507
504
514
533
498
 
 
 
 
 
 
2000
 
01
.........
506
509
502
514
533
498
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Formerly
known
as
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test.
2
Data
for
1967
to
1986
were
converted
to
the
recentered
scale
by
using
a
formula
applied
to
the
original
mean
and
standard
deviation.
For
1987
to
1995,
individual
student
scores
were
converted
to
the
recentered
scale
and
recomputed.
For
1996
to
2001,
most
students
received
scores
on
the
recentered
scale
score.
Any
score
on
the
original
scale
was
converted
to
the
recentered
scale
prior
to
recomputing
the
mean.
NOTE:
Possible
scores
on
each
part
of
the
SAT
range
from
200
to
800.
Data
for
the
years
1966
 
67
through
1970
 
71
are
estimates
derived
from
the
test
scores
of
all
participants

SOURCE:
College
Entrance
Examination
Board,
National
Report
on
College­
Bound
Seniors,
various
years.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
College
Entrance
Examination
Board.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
154
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
136.
 
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
 
2000
 
01
Selected
characteristics
1995
 
96
1997
 
98
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Percentage
distribution
1
Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Percentage
distribution
1
Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Percentage
distribution
1
Verbal
score
Mathematical
score
Percentage
distribution
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
students
.........................................................
505
508
100
505
512
100
505
514
100
506
514
100
High
school
rank
Top
decile
............................................................
591
606
22
590
607
21
589
608
22
588
607
24
Second
decile
......................................................
530
539
22
530
543
22
528
543
23
526
540
23
Second
quintile
....................................................
494
496
28
494
500
28
493
500
27
490
497
26
Third
quintile
........................................................
455
448
24
454
453
24
455
453
23
454
452
22
Fourth
quintile
.....................................................
429
418
4
427
421
4
425
419
4
423
417
4
Fifth
quintile
.........................................................
411
401
1
408
403
1
408
401
1
407
401
1
High
school
grade
point
average
A+
(
97
 
100)
........................................................
617
632
6
613
629
7
610
628
7
609
626
7
A
(
93
 
96)
............................................................
573
583
14
569
582
15
567
582
16
566
581
17
A­
(
90
 
92)
...........................................................
545
554
15
542
554
16
540
553
17
540
552
17
B
(
80
 
89)
............................................................
486
485
49
483
487
48
482
486
47
482
486
47
C
(
70
 
79)
............................................................
432
426
15
430
428
13
428
426
12
428
425
12
D,
E,
or
F
(
below
70)
..........................................
414
408
(
2)
408
411
(
2)
405
406
(
2)
403
404
(
2)

Intended
college
major
Agriculture/
natural
resources
..............................
491
484
2
491
487
2
490
486
1
487
484
1
Architecture/
environmental
design
......................
492
519
3
494
524
2
494
524
2
493
521
2
Arts:
visual/
performing
........................................
520
497
6
520
502
7
518
502
8
518
501
8
Biological
sciences
..............................................
546
545
6
545
546
6
544
548
5
545
549
5
Business
and
commerce
.....................................
483
500
13
484
505
14
487
510
14
489
511
14
Communications
..................................................
527
497
4
523
501
4
526
505
4
527
506
4
Computer
or
information
sciences
......................
497
522
3
500
529
5
499
533
6
501
533
7
Education
............................................................
487
477
8
483
480
9
483
481
9
483
481
9
Engineering
.........................................................
525
569
8
525
571
9
523
573
8
523
572
9
Foreign/
classical
languages
................................
556
534
(
2)
552
538
1
558
539
1
557
540
1
General/
interdisciplinary
......................................
576
553
(
2)
568
549
(
2)
562
545
(
2)
554
539
(
2)
Health
and
allied
services
...................................
500
505
19
497
505
18
497
505
16
494
502
15
Home
economics
................................................
458
452
(
2)
458
459
(
2)
462
462
(
2)
459
458
(
2)
Language
and
literature
......................................
605
545
1
605
549
1
608
552
1
606
549
1
Library
and
archival
sciences
.............................
554
512
(
2)
547
525
(
2)
556
511
(
2)
574
504
(
2)
Mathematics
........................................................
552
628
1
552
629
1
551
630
1
549
625
1
Military
sciences
..................................................
503
505
(
2)
504
507
(
2)
505
512
(
2)
507
511
(
2)
Philosophy/
religion/
theology
................................
560
536
(
2)
558
538
1
560
539
1
561
539
1
Physical
sciences
................................................
575
595
1
571
592
1
569
592
1
568
588
1
Public
affairs
and
services
..................................
458
448
3
459
453
3
459
454
3
461
455
2
Social
sciences
and
history
................................
532
509
11
531
512
11
532
513
11
531
512
10
Technical
and
vocational
....................................
435
441
1
440
448
1
442
452
1
444
451
1
Undecided
...........................................................
500
507
7
510
520
6
512
521
7
515
524
7
Degree­
level
goal
Certificate
program
..............................................
434
439
1
436
447
1
439
453
1
443
455
1
Associate
degree
................................................
422
415
2
421
419
2
420
419
2
419
416
2
Bachelor's
degree
...............................................
476
476
23
475
480
23
478
483
25
478
483
25
Master's
degree
..................................................
514
518
29
513
523
31
515
526
31
516
526
31
Doctoral
or
related
degree
..................................
548
552
24
548
554
23
547
554
22
547
554
21
Other
...................................................................
430
438
1
435
446
1
442
454
1
438
449
1
Undecided
...........................................................
502
503
20
505
510
19
508
514
19
511
517
19
Family
income
Less
than
$
10,000
..............................................
429
444
4
427
446
5
425
447
4
421
443
4
$
10,000
but
less
than
$
20,000
...........................
456
464
8
451
463
9
447
460
8
442
456
8
$
20,000,
but
less
than
$
30,000
..........................
482
482
10
477
482
11
471
478
10
468
474
10
$
30,000,
but
less
than
$
40,000
..........................
497
495
12
495
497
13
490
493
12
487
489
12
$
40,000,
but
less
than
$
50,000
..........................
509
507
10
506
509
11
503
505
10
501
503
10
$
50,000,
but
less
than
$
60,000
..........................
517
517
9
514
518
11
511
515
11
509
512
10
$
60,000,
but
less
than
$
70,000
..........................
524
525
7
521
525
9
517
522
9
516
519
9
$
70,000,
but
less
than
$
80,000
..........................
531
533
6
527
532
8
524
530
8
522
527
8
$
80,000
to
$
100,000
...........................................
541
544
7
539
546
9
536
543
10
534
540
11
More
than
$
100,000
............................................
560
569
9
559
572
13
558
571
16
557
569
18
Highest
level
of
parental
education
No
high
school
diploma
......................................
414
439
4
411
441
4
413
442
4
411
438
4
High
school
diploma
............................................
475
474
31
473
477
34
472
477
33
472
476
32
Associate
degree
................................................
489
487
7
489
491
8
488
491
9
489
491
9
Bachelor's
degree
...............................................
525
529
25
525
532
28
525
533
29
525
533
29
Graduate
degree
.................................................
556
558
23
556
563
25
558
566
25
559
567
26
1
Because
of
survey
item
nonresponse,
percentage
distributions
may
not
add
to
100
percent.
2
Less
than
0.5
percent.

NOTE:
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
was
formerly
known
as
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test.
Possible
scores
on
each
part
of
the
SAT
range
from
200
to
800.
SOURCE:
College
Entrance
Examination
Board,
National
Report
on
College
Bound
Seniors,
various
years.
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
College
Entrance
Examination
Board.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
155
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
137.
 
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
score
averages,
by
state:
1987
 
88
to
2000
 
01
State
1987
 
88
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
Percentage
of
graduates
taking
SAT,
1999
 
2000
Percentage
of
graduates
taking
SAT,
2000
 
01
Verbal
Mathematical
Verbal
Mathematical
Verbal
Mathematical
Verbal
Mathematical
Verbal
Mathematical
Verbal
Mathematical
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
............
505
501
504
506
505
508
505
511
505
514
506
514
44
45
Alabama
.........................
554
540
565
555
565
558
561
555
559
555
559
554
9
9
Alaska
............................
518
501
521
513
521
513
516
514
519
515
514
510
50
51
Arizona
...........................
531
523
524
520
525
521
524
525
521
523
523
525
34
34
Arkansas
........................
554
536
556
542
566
550
563
556
563
554
562
550
6
6
California
........................
500
508
492
509
495
511
497
514
497
518
498
517
49
51
Colorado
.........................
537
532
538
538
536
538
536
540
534
537
539
542
32
31
Connecticut
....................
513
498
507
502
507
504
510
509
508
509
509
510
81
82
Delaware
........................
510
493
505
494
508
495
503
497
502
496
501
499
66
67
District
of
Columbia
........
479
461
485
471
489
473
494
478
494
486
482
474
89
56
Florida
............................
499
495
497
496
498
496
499
498
498
500
498
499
55
54
Georgia
..........................
480
473
483
477
484
477
487
482
488
486
491
489
64
63
Hawaii
............................
484
505
483
507
485
510
482
513
488
519
486
515
53
52
Idaho
..............................
543
523
544
532
543
536
542
540
540
541
543
542
16
17
Illinois
.............................
540
540
563
574
564
575
569
585
568
586
576
589
12
12
Indiana
...........................
490
486
492
494
494
494
496
498
498
501
499
501
60
60
Iowa
................................
587
588
589
595
590
600
594
598
589
600
593
603
5
5
Kansas
...........................
568
557
576
571
579
571
578
576
574
580
577
580
9
9
Kentucky
........................
551
535
552
542
549
544
547
547
548
550
550
550
12
12
Louisiana
........................
551
533
560
552
559
550
561
558
562
558
564
562
8
7
Maine
.............................
508
493
504
497
504
498
507
503
504
500
506
500
68
69
Maryland
........................
509
501
506
503
507
504
507
507
507
509
508
510
65
65
Massachusetts
...............
508
499
505
502
507
504
511
511
511
513
511
515
78
79
Michigan
.........................
532
533
559
565
557
565
557
565
557
569
561
572
11
11
Minnesota
.......................
546
549
580
591
582
593
586
598
581
594
580
589
9
9
Mississippi
......................
557
539
572
557
569
557
563
548
562
549
566
551
4
4
Missouri
..........................
547
539
569
566
570
569
572
572
572
577
577
577
8
8
Montana
.........................
547
547
549
553
546
547
546
546
543
546
539
539
23
23
Nebraska
........................
562
561
568
570
567
568
568
571
560
571
562
568
9
8
Nevada
...........................
517
510
511
508
508
507
512
517
510
517
509
515
34
33
New
Hampshire
.............
523
511
520
515
520
514
520
518
520
519
520
516
72
72
New
Jersey
....................
500
495
496
503
498
505
498
510
498
513
499
513
81
81
New
Mexico
...................
553
543
559
549
554
548
549
542
549
543
551
542
12
13
New
York
.......................
497
495
495
498
497
499
495
502
494
506
495
505
77
77
North
Carolina
................
478
470
488
482
490
486
493
493
492
496
493
499
64
65
North
Dakota
..................
572
569
587
602
596
599
594
605
588
609
592
599
4
4
Ohio
................................
529
521
536
535
536
535
534
538
533
539
534
539
26
26
Oklahoma
.......................
558
542
565
553
566
557
567
560
563
560
567
561
8
8
Oregon
...........................
517
507
525
522
523
521
525
525
527
527
526
526
54
55
Pennsylvania
..................
502
489
496
489
498
492
498
495
498
497
500
499
70
71
Rhode
Island
..................
508
496
502
490
501
491
504
499
505
500
501
499
71
71
South
Carolina
...............
477
468
478
473
480
474
479
475
484
482
486
488
59
57
South
Dakota
.................
585
573
579
576
574
566
585
588
587
588
577
582
4
4
Tennessee
.....................
560
543
571
560
563
552
559
553
563
553
562
553
13
13
Texas
.............................
494
490
495
501
495
500
494
499
493
500
493
499
52
53
Utah
................................
572
553
585
576
583
575
570
568
570
569
575
570
5
5
Vermont
..........................
514
499
506
499
506
500
514
506
513
508
511
506
70
69
Virginia
...........................
507
498
504
494
507
496
508
499
509
500
510
501
67
68
Washington
....................
525
517
519
517
519
519
525
526
526
528
527
527
52
53
West
Virginia
..................
528
519
525
509
526
506
527
512
526
511
527
512
19
18
Wisconsin
.......................
549
551
574
585
577
586
584
595
584
597
584
596
7
6
Wyoming
........................
550
545
551
544
544
544
546
551
545
545
547
545
12
11
NOTE:
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
was
formerly
known
as
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test.
Percentage
of
graduates
taking
the
SAT
is
based
on
the
projection
of
high
school
graduates
by
the
Western
Interstate
Commission
for
Higher
Education,
and
number
of
students
in
the
graduating
class
who
took
the
SAT
I:
Reasoning
Test.
Possible
scores
on
each
part
of
the
SAT
range
from
200
to
800.
Rankings
of
states
based
on
SAT
scores
alone
are
invalid
because
of
the
varying
proportions
of
students
in
each
state
taking
the
tests.

SOURCE:
College
Entrance
Examination
Board,
``
College­
Bound
Seniors:
2001
Profile
of
SAT
Program
Test
Takers,''
(
Copyright
 
2001
by
the
College
Entrance
Examination
Board.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
156
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
138.
 
American
College
Testing
(
ACT)
score
averages,
by
sex:
1970
to
2001
Type
of
test
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Participants:
2
Total
(
in
thousands)
..........................
714
822
836
739
817
796
832
876
892
945
924
959
995
1,019
1,065
1,070
Test
scores
3
Composite,
total
..................................
18.6
18.5
18.5
18.6
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.8
20.9
21.0
(
4.7)
21.0
(
4.7)
21.0
(
4.7)
21.0
(
4.7)
21.0
(
4.7)
Male
................................................
19.5
19.3
19.3
19.4
21.0
20.9
20.9
21.0
20.9
21.0
21.0
21.1
(
4.9)
21.2
(
4.9)
21.1
(
4.9)
21.2
(
4.9)
21.1
(
4.9)
Female
............................................
17.8
17.9
17.8
17.9
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.5
20.7
20.7
20.8
20.8
(
4.6)
20.9
(
4.6)
20.9
(
4.6)
20.9
(
4.6)
20.9
(
4.6)

English,
total
............................................
17.7
17.9
17.8
18.1
20.5
20.3
20.2
20.3
20.3
20.2
20.3
20.3
(
5.4)
20.4
(
5.4)
20.5
(
5.5)
20.5
(
5.5)
20.5
(
5.6)
Male
....................................................
17.1
17.3
17.3
17.6
20.1
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.9
(
5.4)
19.9
(
5.4)
20.0
(
5.5)
20.0
(
5.6)
20.0
(
5.6)
Female
................................................
18.3
18.3
18.2
18.6
20.9
20.7
20.6
20.6
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.7
(
5.4)
20.8
(
5.4)
20.9
(
5.5)
20.9
(
5.5)
20.8
(
5.6)

Math,
total
................................................
17.6
17.4
17.3
17.2
19.9
20.0
20.0
20.1
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.6
(
5.0)
20.8
(
5.1)
20.7
(
5.0)
20.7
(
5.0)
20.7
(
5.0)
Male
....................................................
19.3
18.9
18.9
18.6
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.8
20.9
20.9
21.3
(
5.2)
21.5
(
5.3)
21.4
(
5.2)
21.4
(
5.2)
21.4
(
5.2)
Female
................................................
16.2
16.2
16.0
16.0
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.6
19.6
19.7
19.7
20.1
(
4.7)
20.2
(
4.8)
20.2
(
4.7)
20.2
(
4.8)
20.2
(
4.7)

Reading,
total
4
........................................
17.4
17.2
17.2
17.4
 
21.2
21.1
21.2
21.2
21.3
21.3
21.3
(
6.1)
21.4
(
6.0)
21.4
(
6.0)
21.4
(
6.1)
21.3
(
6.0)
Male
....................................................
18.7
18.2
18.3
18.3
 
21.3
21.1
21.2
21.1
21.1
21.0
21.2
(
6.1)
21.1
(
6.2)
21.1
(
6.1)
21.2
(
6.1)
21.1
(
6.1)
Female
................................................
16.4
16.4
16.4
16.6
 
21.1
21.1
21.2
21.4
21.4
21.6
21.5
(
6.0)
21.6
(
5.9)
21.6
(
5.9)
21.5
(
6.0)
21.5
(
6.0)

Science
reasoning,
total
5
........................
21.1
21.1
21.0
21.2
 
20.7
20.7
20.8
20.9
21.0
21.1
21.1
(
4.7)
21.1
(
4.6)
21.0
(
4.5)
21.0
(
4.5)
21.0
(
4.6)
Male
....................................................
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.6
 
21.3
21.4
21.5
21.6
21.6
21.7
21.7
(
4.9)
21.8
(
4.9)
21.5
(
4.8)
21.6
(
4.8)
21.6
(
4.9)
Female
................................................
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
 
20.1
20.1
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.5
20.6
(
4.4)
20.6
(
4.3)
20.6
(
4.2)
20.6
(
4.3)
20.6
(
4.3)

Percent
Obtaining
composite
scores
of
 
27
or
above
6
.......................................
 
 
 
 
12
12
11
12
12
12
13
10
 
10
 
10
 
10
 
10
 
18
or
below
7
.......................................
 
 
 
 
35
35
35
35
35
35
34
26
 
25
 
25
 
25
 
25
 
Planned
major
field
of
study
Business
8
...........................................
18
14
20
21
20
18
16
14
13
13
12
12
 
12
 
12
 
11
 
11
 
Engineering
9
......................................
8
6
8
9
9
10
10
9
9
8
8
8
 
8
 
8
 
8
 
7
 
Social
science
10
.................................
10
7
6
7
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
 
9
 
9
 
9
 
9
 
Education
11
........................................
16
11
9
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
 
9
 
9
 
9
 
8
 
 
Not
available.
1
Test
scores
for
1990
and
later
data
are
not
comparable
with
previous
years
because
a
new
version
of
the
ACT
was
introduced.
Estimated
average
composite
scores
for
the
new
version
for
prior
years
were:
1989,
20.6;
1988,
1987,
and
1986,
20.8;
and
1982,
20.3.
2
Beginning
in
1985,
data
are
for
seniors
who
graduated
in
year
shown
and
had
taken
the
ACT
in
their
junior
or
senior
years.
3
Minimum
score,
1;
maximum
score,
36.
4
Prior
to
1990,
reading
was
called
social
studies.
5
Prior
to
1990,
science
reasoning
was
called
natural
science.
6
Beginning
in
1997,
data
are
for
scores
of
28
or
higher.
7
Beginning
in
1997,
data
are
for
scores
of
17
or
lower.
8
Includes
political
and
persuasive
(
e.
g.,
sales)
fields
for
1970.
From
1975
through
1990,
includes
business
and
commerce.
Thereafter,
includes
business
and
management,
business
and
office,
and
marketing
and
distribution.
9
Beginning
in
1990,
includes
engineering
and
engineering
related
technologies.
10
Includes
social
science
and
philosophy,
religion,
and
theology
except
from
1975
through
1989.
11
Includes
education
and
teacher
education.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
The
American
College
Testing
program,
High
School
Profile
Report,
annual.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
157
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACHIEVEMENT
Table
139.
 
Distribution
of
elementary
and
secondary
school
children,
by
average
grades,
by
selected
child,
parent,
and
school
characteristics:
1996
and
1999
Characteristics
of
children,
parents,
and
schools
Distribution
of
children,
by
parental
reports
of
average
grades
in
all
subjects
1996
1999
Mostly
A's
Mostly
B's
Mostly
C's
Mostly
D's
or
F's
Mostly
A's
Mostly
B's
Mostly
C's
Mostly
D's
or
F's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
........................................................................................................
39.5
37.7
18.5
4.2
40.3
(
0.5)
37.7
(
0.5)
17.8
(
0.4)
4.3
(
0.2)

Sex
of
child
Male
....................................................................................................
32.5
38.3
23.5
5.7
33.7
(
0.7)
38.3
(
0.7)
21.9
(
0.6)
6.2
(
0.4)
Female
................................................................................................
46.9
37.2
13.2
2.7
47.0
(
0.8)
37.1
(
0.8)
13.5
(
0.5)
2.4
(
0.2)

Race/
ethnicity
of
child
White,
non­
Hispanic
............................................................................
43.7
36.1
16.5
3.7
44.6
(
0.7)
36.1
(
0.7)
15.8
(
0.5)
3.4
(
0.3)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
............................................................................
27.0
41.0
26.2
5.8
27.5
(
1.2)
40.3
(
1.4)
26.4
(
1.2)
5.8
(
0.7)
Hispanic
..............................................................................................
31.9
43.6
19.6
4.9
33.3
(
1.2)
42.7
(
1.3)
17.4
(
1.0)
6.5
(
0.7)
Other
non­
Hispanic
.............................................................................
44.7
33.7
17.1
4.5
45.8
(
2.4)
35.8
(
2.4)
14.2
(
2.0)
4.2
(
1.2)

Highest
education
level
of
parents
Less
than
high
school
.........................................................................
29.0
39.0
23.9
8.1
26.3
(
1.6)
40.8
(
1.8)
22.3
(
1.6)
10.5
(
1.3)
High
school
graduate
..........................................................................
30.5
40.5
23.1
5.9
31.6
(
1.0)
39.5
(
1.1)
23.3
(
0.9)
5.6
(
0.5)
Some
postsecondary
..........................................................................
36.9
40.1
19.1
3.9
38.9
(
0.9)
39.0
(
0.9)
18.3
(
0.7)
3.8
(
0.4)
College
graduate
.................................................................................
52.5
32.9
12.7
1.9
51.1
(
1.3)
34.9
(
1.2)
12.1
(
0.9)
1.8
(
0.3)
Graduate/
professional
.........................................................................
58.2
30.9
9.8
1.1
54.8
(
1.3)
33.0
(
1.2)
10.3
(
0.8)
1.9
(
0.4)

Family
Income
Less
than
$
5,000
................................................................................
28.9
38.8
23.3
8.9
25.0
(
2.6)
42.9
(
3.5)
24.4
(
2.8)
7.7
(
1.8)
$
5,001
to
$
10,000
...............................................................................
26.6
41.9
24.6
6.9
32.1
(
2.4)
36.5
(
2.4)
24.0
(
2.1)
7.4
(
1.3)
$
10,001
to
15,000
...............................................................................
28.0
39.8
26.0
6.2
30.3
(
2.0)
38.9
(
2.2)
23.7
(
1.9)
7.1
(
1.2)
$
15,001
to
20,000
...............................................................................
32.7
38.4
21.6
7.3
32.0
(
2.0)
40.0
(
2.1)
22.3
(
1.9)
5.7
(
0.9)
$
20,001
to
25,000
...............................................................................
34.4
40.8
20.6
4.2
32.8
(
1.8)
38.9
(
1.9)
21.6
(
1.6)
6.7
(
1.1)
$
25,001
to
30,000
...............................................................................
33.0
42.0
19.8
5.2
37.4
(
1.9)
37.4
(
1.9)
19.7
(
1.5)
5.4
(
0.9)
$
30,001
to
35,000
...............................................................................
40.0
38.0
18.1
3.9
38.2
(
1.9)
38.8
(
2.0)
19.2
(
1.5)
3.8
(
0.8)
$
35,001
to
40,000
...............................................................................
40.4
37.3
19.4
2.8
37.5
(
1.8)
42.1
(
1.9)
17.4
(
1.4)
3.0
(
0.6)
$
40,001
to
50,000
...............................................................................
43.2
36.0
16.8
4.0
45.0
(
1.5)
35.1
(
1.4)
16.6
(
1.1)
3.3
(
0.5)
$
50,001
to
75,000
...............................................................................
50.2
32.7
14.9
2.2
45.8
(
1.2)
36.8
(
1.2)
14.5
(
0.8)
2.9
(
0.4)
Over
$
75,000
......................................................................................
51.0
36.8
10.9
1.3
51.9
(
1.2)
35.4
(
1.1)
10.9
(
0.7)
1.8
(
0.3)

Child
attending
public
schools
.................................................................
38.2
37.9
19.3
4.6
39.0
(
0.6)
37.8
(
0.6)
18.5
(
0.4)
4.7
(
0.3)
Elementary
(
kindergarten
to
grade
8)
.................................................
43.2
36.6
16.3
3.9
43.5
(
0.7)
36.6
(
0.7)
15.9
(
0.5)
4.1
(
0.3)
Secondary
(
grades
9
to
12)
................................................................
29.6
40.2
24.5
5.7
31.8
(
0.9)
39.9
(
0.9)
22.7
(
0.8)
5.6
(
0.5)

Child
attending
private
schools
...............................................................
50.8
36.1
11.8
1.3
51.9
(
1.6)
36.1
(
1.5)
11.0
(
1.1)
1.0
(
0.3)
Elementary
(
kindergarten
to
grade
8)
.................................................
55.7
35.3
7.5
1.4
56.2
(
1.9)
34.4
(
1.8)
9.0
(
1.2)
0.5
(
0.2)
Secondary
(
grades
9
to
12)
................................................................
40.9
37.7
20.4
1.0
41.2
(
3.1)
40.6
(
3.0)
15.9
(
2.3)
2.2
(
0.8)

NOTE:
Includes
children
enrolled
in
grades
1
through
12.
Excludes
children
whose
programs
have
no
classes
with
lettered
grades.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey,
1996
and
1999,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
158
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
COURSEWORK
Table
140.
 
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
high
school
graduates
in
various
subject
fields,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
Student
characteristics
Total
English
History
social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Foreign
languages
Arts
Vocational
education
1
Personal
use
2
Computer
science
3
Total
Less
than
algebra
Algebra
or
higher
Total
General
science
Biology
Chemistry
Physics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1982
graduates
.........................
21.58
3.93
3.16
2.63
0.90
1.74
2.20
0.73
0.94
0.34
0.17
0.99
1.47
4.62
2.58
0.12
Male
.......................................
21.40
3.88
3.16
2.71
0.94
1.77
2.27
0.76
0.91
0.36
0.23
0.80
1.29
4.60
2.69
0.14
Female
...................................
21.75
3.98
3.15
2.57
0.86
1.71
2.13
0.71
0.97
0.33
0.12
1.17
1.63
4.64
2.48
0.11
Race/
ethnicity
White
.....................................
21.69
3.90
3.19
2.68
0.77
1.91
2.27
0.73
0.97
0.38
0.20
1.06
1.53
4.53
2.52
0.13
Black
......................................
21.15
4.08
3.08
2.61
1.36
1.25
2.06
0.81
0.90
0.26
0.09
0.72
1.26
4.75
2.60
0.12
Hispanic
.................................
21.23
3.94
3.00
2.33
1.21
1.12
1.80
0.75
0.81
0.16
0.07
0.77
1.29
5.22
2.87
0.08
Asian
......................................
22.46
4.01
3.16
3.15
0.71
2.44
2.64
0.51
1.11
0.61
0.42
1.79
1.31
3.34
3.05
0.22
American
Indian
....................
21.45
3.98
3.25
2.35
1.23
1.12
2.04
0.67
0.84
0.42
0.12
0.48
1.72
4.77
2.84
0.06
Academic
track
Academic
4
.............................
21.75
4.11
3.32
3.04
0.73
2.30
2.65
0.73
1.13
0.53
0.26
1.54
1.91
2.55
2.62
0.10
Vocational
5
............................
20.21
3.44
2.63
1.80
1.09
0.71
1.32
0.69
0.57
0.04
0.02
0.18
0.59
7.74
2.51
0.12
Both
6
.....................................
22.89
4.04
3.33
2.69
1.02
1.67
2.17
0.79
0.94
0.29
0.14
0.75
1.41
6.03
2.47
0.18
Neither
7
.................................
18.73
3.58
2.70
1.73
1.08
0.65
1.33
0.69
0.59
0.03
0.02
0.22
0.85
5.23
3.06
0.05
1987
graduates
.........................
23.00
4.12
3.32
3.01
0.86
2.15
2.54
0.76
1.10
0.47
0.21
1.35
1.44
4.55
2.67
0.47
Male
.......................................
22.88
4.08
3.29
3.05
0.91
2.14
2.57
0.79
1.05
0.47
0.26
1.16
1.24
4.64
2.83
0.47
Female
...................................
23.12
4.15
3.35
2.97
0.82
2.15
2.52
0.74
1.14
0.47
0.17
1.53
1.63
4.47
2.51
0.47
Race/
ethnicity
White
.....................................
23.11
4.08
3.29
3.01
0.74
2.27
2.61
0.75
1.12
0.50
0.23
1.38
1.50
4.65
2.60
0.49
Black
......................................
22.40
4.22
3.34
2.99
1.40
1.59
2.32
0.90
1.01
0.31
0.10
1.08
1.20
4.52
2.73
0.39
Hispanic
.................................
22.84
4.30
3.22
2.81
1.30
1.50
2.24
0.78
1.07
0.29
0.10
1.25
1.34
4.49
3.19
0.42
Asian
......................................
24.47
4.37
3.65
3.72
0.53
3.18
3.13
0.59
1.17
0.87
0.50
2.07
1.18
3.11
3.23
0.58
American
Indian
....................
23.23
4.22
3.18
2.98
1.35
1.63
2.44
0.81
1.22
0.32
0.09
0.75
1.68
4.92
3.06
0.39
Academic
track
Academic
4
.............................
23.20
4.26
3.55
3.33
0.65
2.68
2.97
0.73
1.23
0.68
0.32
1.92
1.87
2.57
2.73
0.38
Vocational
5
............................
21.07
3.62
2.59
2.00
1.29
0.71
1.48
0.74
0.70
0.03
0.01
0.18
0.47
8.07
2.67
0.39
Both
6
.....................................
23.53
4.11
3.29
2.93
0.97
1.96
2.37
0.81
1.07
0.35
0.14
1.01
1.20
6.09
2.53
0.64
Neither
7
.................................
19.56
3.55
2.45
2.11
1.62
0.49
1.47
0.84
0.59
0.03
0.00
0.18
0.76
5.10
3.93
0.17
1990
graduates
.........................
23.53
4.19
3.47
3.15
0.90
2.25
2.75
0.85
1.14
0.53
0.23
1.54
1.55
4.19
2.68
0.54
Male
.......................................
23.35
4.13
3.45
3.16
0.96
2.20
2.78
0.88
1.11
0.52
0.28
1.33
1.31
4.32
2.87
0.50
Female
...................................
23.69
4.25
3.50
3.14
0.85
2.29
2.73
0.83
1.17
0.53
0.19
1.72
1.76
4.08
2.51
0.57
Race/
ethnicity
White
.....................................
23.54
4.12
3.46
3.13
0.80
2.33
2.80
0.84
1.15
0.55
0.25
1.58
1.61
4.22
2.61
0.52
Black
......................................
23.40
4.34
3.49
3.20
1.25
1.95
2.68
0.98
1.11
0.42
0.16
1.20
1.34
4.41
2.74
0.60
Hispanic
.................................
23.83
4.51
3.42
3.13
1.30
1.83
2.50
0.83
1.10
0.42
0.14
1.57
1.48
4.12
3.10
0.58
Asian
......................................
24.07
4.50
3.70
3.52
0.70
2.82
2.97
0.68
1.12
0.74
0.42
2.06
1.29
3.07
2.96
0.54
American
Indian
....................
22.64
4.08
3.34
3.04
1.03
2.01
2.48
0.83
1.09
0.42
0.15
1.15
1.11
4.62
2.81
0.60
Academic
track
Academic
4
.............................
23.53
4.30
3.65
3.37
0.68
2.70
3.06
0.81
1.23
0.70
0.32
2.02
1.93
2.41
2.78
0.42
Vocational
5
............................
21.73
3.60
2.58
2.07
1.54
0.53
1.62
0.87
0.71
0.03
0.01
0.17
0.42
8.68
2.59
0.46
Both
6
.....................................
23.92
4.14
3.38
3.02
1.12
1.90
2.51
0.92
1.09
0.36
0.14
1.07
1.17
6.10
2.53
0.73
Neither
7
.................................
19.81
3.63
2.59
2.01
1.57
0.44
1.47
0.79
0.60
0.04
0.03
0.21
0.79
5.81
3.29
0.36
1994
graduates
.........................
24.17
4.29
3.55
3.33
0.76
2.57
3.04
0.88
1.26
0.62
0.28
1.71
1.66
3.96
2.63
0.64
Male
.......................................
24.00
4.26
3.51
3.32
0.85
2.48
3.03
0.91
1.20
0.59
0.32
1.49
1.43
4.13
2.83
0.63
Female
...................................
24.34
4.32
3.59
3.34
0.68
2.66
3.06
0.86
1.31
0.64
0.24
1.93
1.87
3.80
2.44
0.65
Race/
ethnicity
White
.....................................
24.33
4.23
3.56
3.36
0.70
2.66
3.13
0.89
1.29
0.65
0.30
1.76
1.74
3.96
2.61
0.63
Black
......................................
23.59
4.36
3.51
3.23
1.09
2.14
2.80
0.92
1.21
0.49
0.17
1.35
1.36
4.29
2.69
0.64
Hispanic
.................................
24.06
4.61
3.45
3.28
0.96
2.32
2.69
0.83
1.19
0.49
0.17
1.73
1.51
3.87
2.93
0.76
Asian
......................................
24.47
4.60
3.66
3.66
0.67
2.98
3.35
0.80
1.22
0.81
0.48
2.09
1.32
3.01
2.78
0.71
American
Indian
....................
24.47
4.27
3.57
3.11
0.94
2.17
2.82
0.91
1.28
0.50
0.13
1.30
2.01
4.27
3.12
0.53
Academic
track
Academic
4
.............................
24.07
4.37
3.69
3.52
0.58
2.94
3.32
0.83
1.34
0.77
0.37
2.14
2.05
2.28
2.71
0.50
Vocational
5
............................
21.60
3.70
2.49
2.20
1.56
0.64
1.69
0.80
0.83
0.03
0.02
0.14
0.34
8.64
2.41
0.55
Both
6
.....................................
24.61
4.23
3.45
3.17
0.96
2.21
2.78
0.96
1.19
0.45
0.17
1.24
1.21
6.01
2.52
0.85
Neither
7
.................................
21.28
3.54
2.24
2.25
1.71
0.54
1.53
0.82
0.63
0.05
0.02
0.19
0.56
6.51
4.47
0.33
159
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
COURSEWORK
Table
140.
 
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
high
school
graduates
in
various
subject
fields,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
 
Continued
Student
characteristics
Total
English
History
social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Foreign
languages
Arts
Vocational
education
1
Personal
use
2
Computer
science
3
Total
Less
than
algebra
Algebra
or
higher
Total
General
science
Biology
Chemistry
Physics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1998
graduates
.........................
25.14
4.25
3.74
3.40
0.67
2.73
3.12
0.89
1.26
0.66
0.31
1.85
1.90
3.99
2.89
0.74
Male
.......................................
24.93
4.19
3.68
3.37
0.74
2.64
3.09
0.93
1.20
0.62
0.33
1.62
1.61
4.25
3.12
0.78
Female
...................................
25.36
4.31
3.80
3.42
0.62
2.80
3.17
0.87
1.32
0.70
0.28
2.06
2.15
3.77
2.67
0.71
Race/
ethnicity
White
.....................................
25.21
4.19
3.77
3.40
0.57
2.84
3.18
0.87
1.28
0.69
0.33
1.90
2.00
3.97
2.80
0.73
Black
......................................
24.83
4.28
3.69
3.42
0.90
2.53
3.03
0.97
1.24
0.58
0.22
1.58
1.57
4.33
2.94
0.84
Hispanic
.................................
25.08
4.51
3.60
3.28
1.05
2.23
2.81
0.97
1.13
0.50
0.20
1.78
1.78
3.97
3.36
0.71
Asian
......................................
25.23
4.37
3.92
3.62
0.65
2.97
3.43
0.81
1.26
0.83
0.51
2.29
1.52
3.15
2.95
0.67
American
Indian
....................
24.43
4.18
3.67
3.10
0.90
2.20
2.68
0.98
1.07
0.49
0.15
1.45
1.94
4.02
3.40
0.67
Academic
track
Academic
4
.............................
24.91
4.33
3.87
3.54
0.53
3.00
3.34
0.84
1.33
0.78
0.38
2.24
2.41
2.22
2.97
0.52
Vocational
5
............................
22.60
3.46
2.55
2.17
1.30
0.87
1.69
1.05
0.59
0.03
0.01
0.14
0.47
9.12
3.01
0.81
Both
6
.....................................
25.64
4.20
3.66
3.30
0.81
2.49
2.94
0.96
1.20
0.54
0.23
1.45
1.31
6.06
2.73
1.03
Neither
7
.................................
21.50
3.21
2.32
2.19
1.59
0.60
1.58
0.88
0.58
0.04
0.08
0.20
0.55
5.64
5.82
0.51
1
Includes
nonoccupational
vocational
education,
vocational
general
introduction,
agriculture
business,
marketing,
health,
occupational
home
economics,
trade
and
industry,
and
technical
courses.
2
Includes
personal
and
social
courses,
religion
and
theology,
and
courses
not
included
in
the
other
subject
fields.
3
Computer
courses
are
included
in
mathematics
and
vocational
categories.
4
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses,
but
less
than
3
Carnegie
units
in
any
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.
5
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field,
but
less
than
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses.
6
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses
and
at
least
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.
7
Includes
students
who
complete
less
than
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses
and
less
than
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.

NOTE:
The
Carnegie
unit
is
a
standard
of
measurement
that
represents
one
credit
for
the
completion
of
a
1­
year
course.
Data
differ
slightly
from
figures
appearing
in
other
NCES
reports
because
of
differences
in
taxonomies
and
case
exclusion
criteria.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
First
Followup
survey;
``
1990
High
School
Transcript
Study,''
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey;
``
1994
High
School
Transcript
Study;''
and
``
1998
High
School
Transcript
Study.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2000.)

Table
141.
 
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
high
school
graduates
in
vocational
education
courses,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
Student
characteristics
Total
General
labor
market
preparation
Consumer
and
homemaking
education
Specific
labor
market
preparation
Total
1
Agriculture
Business
Marketing
Health
Occupational
home
economics
Trade
and
industrial
Technical

communications
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1982
graduates
......
4.62
0.94
0.68
3.00
0.22
1.03
0.16
0.05
0.11
1.04
0.21
0.10
Male
...................
4.60
0.93
0.30
3.36
0.36
0.47
0.14
0.02
0.06
1.96
0.24
0.01
Female
...............
4.64
0.95
1.03
2.67
0.08
1.55
0.18
0.08
0.15
0.20
0.18
0.18
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................
4.53
0.92
0.63
2.97
0.24
1.06
0.15
0.04
0.10
0.99
0.22
0.09
Black
..................
4.75
0.97
0.90
2.88
0.09
1.00
0.22
0.11
0.14
0.95
0.15
0.12
Hispanic
.............
5.22
1.01
0.85
3.36
0.23
1.00
0.17
0.07
0.13
1.38
0.15
0.12
Asian
..................
3.34
1.01
0.30
2.03
0.03
0.58
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.88
0.30
0.02
American
Indian
4.77
0.90
0.47
3.40
0.25
0.74
0.14
0.08
0.06
1.88
0.13
0.03
Academic
track.
Academic
2
.........
2.55
0.84
0.60
1.12
0.04
0.48
0.03
0.02
0.06
0.28
0.17
0.02
Vocational
3
........
7.74
1.02
0.78
5.94
0.58
1.68
0.33
0.08
0.17
2.43
0.21
0.24
Both
4
..................
6.03
0.86
0.57
4.60
0.29
1.66
0.29
0.09
0.15
1.57
0.29
0.14
Neither
5
.............
5.23
1.92
1.62
1.68
0.11
0.74
0.09
0.05
0.13
0.37
0.10
0.07
1987
graduates
......
4.55
0.83
0.61
3.11
0.19
0.96
0.16
0.08
0.11
0.96
0.43
0.11
Male
...................
4.64
0.83
0.45
3.35
0.33
0.56
0.13
0.02
0.08
1.73
0.47
0.03
Female
...............
4.47
0.83
0.86
2.77
0.07
1.34
0.19
0.12
0.14
0.23
0.39
0.18
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................
4.65
0.84
0.60
3.20
0.24
0.97
0.16
0.07
0.11
1.00
0.47
0.10
Black
..................
4.52
0.86
0.73
2.92
0.10
1.00
0.17
0.14
0.14
0.76
0.28
0.14
Hispanic
.............
4.49
0.93
0.62
2.95
0.06
0.97
0.16
0.08
0.11
1.00
0.32
0.11
Asian
..................
3.11
0.63
0.35
2.13
0.01
0.63
0.13
0.09
0.08
0.47
0.56
0.04
American
Indian
4.92
0.82
0.65
3.45
0.20
1.04
0.08
0.09
0.11
1.32
0.44
0.03
Academic
track
Academic
2
.........
2.57
0.76
0.57
1.23
0.02
0.45
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.24
0.37
0.02
Vocational
3
........
8.07
0.90
0.77
6.39
0.59
1.40
0.38
0.18
0.25
2.60
0.35
0.34
Both
4
..................
6.09
0.86
0.55
4.69
0.30
1.54
0.27
0.11
0.17
1.43
0.56
0.15
Neither
5
.............
5.10
1.77
1.72
1.62
0.07
0.60
0.09
0.05
0.11
0.37
0.13
0.10
160
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
COURSEWORK
Table
141.
 
Average
number
of
Carnegie
units
earned
by
public
high
school
graduates
in
vocational
education
courses,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
to
1998
 
Continued
Student
characteristics
Total
General
labor
market
preparation
Consumer
and
homemaking
education
Specific
labor
market
preparation
Total
1
Agriculture
Business
Marketing
Health
Occupational
home
economics
Trade
and
industrial
Technical

communications
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1990
graduates
......
4.19
0.73
0.57
2.89
0.20
0.88
0.16
0.04
0.10
0.87
0.41
0.10
Male
...................
4.32
0.70
0.33
3.28
0.31
0.57
0.14
0.02
0.07
1.59
0.43
0.02
Female
...............
4.08
0.76
0.79
2.53
0.09
1.16
0.18
0.06
0.13
0.22
0.39
0.17
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................
4.22
0.71
0.55
2.97
0.24
0.85
0.16
0.04
0.09
0.95
0.40
0.09
Black
..................
4.41
0.82
0.80
2.79
0.06
1.05
0.17
0.04
0.15
0.64
0.40
0.16
Hispanic
.............
4.12
0.75
0.53
2.85
0.15
0.93
0.19
0.02
0.11
0.75
0.41
0.18
Asian
..................
3.07
0.69
0.31
2.07
0.04
0.65
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.72
0.48
0.03
American
Indian
4.62
0.74
0.72
3.16
0.36
0.95
0.15
0.02
0.07
0.95
0.44
0.02
Academic
track
Academic
2
.........
2.41
0.67
0.55
1.19
0.03
0.46
0.04
0.01
0.04
0.22
0.34
0.02
Vocational
3
........
8.68
1.00
0.74
6.95
0.86
1.22
0.28
0.10
0.26
3.10
0.28
0.30
Both
4
..................
6.10
0.72
0.57
4.81
0.35
1.47
0.33
0.08
0.16
1.50
0.53
0.19
Neither
5
.............
5.81
2.81
1.26
1.74
0.10
0.46
0.04
0.04
0.08
0.54
0.32
0.04
1994
graduates
......
3.96
0.64
0.52
2.79
0.24
0.88
0.18
0.08
0.13
0.70
0.35
0.09
Male
...................
4.13
0.70
0.35
3.08
0.37
0.66
0.14
0.03
0.08
1.25
0.36
0.03
Female
...............
3.80
0.58
0.69
2.52
0.11
1.09
0.22
0.12
0.18
0.17
0.34
0.15
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................
3.96
0.63
0.51
2.81
0.27
0.87
0.19
0.08
0.11
0.72
0.35
0.07
Black
..................
4.29
0.72
0.62
2.94
0.13
1.01
0.20
0.11
0.23
0.60
0.29
0.18
Hispanic
.............
3.87
0.64
0.48
2.75
0.13
0.93
0.15
0.07
0.14
0.65
0.36
0.17
Asian
..................
3.01
0.51
0.36
2.13
0.14
0.70
0.11
0.06
0.10
0.50
0.46
0.03
American
Indian
4.27
0.85
0.65
2.77
0.41
0.75
0.06
0.18
0.15
0.53
0.41
0.06
Academic
track
Academic
2
.........
2.28
0.58
0.49
1.20
0.04
0.51
0.05
0.03
0.05
0.20
0.28
0.02
Vocational
3
........
8.64
1.00
0.78
6.86
0.90
1.17
0.34
0.08
0.26
2.89
0.26
0.29
Both
4
..................
6.01
0.66
0.54
4.82
0.48
1.41
0.37
0.16
0.23
1.25
0.46
0.18
Neither
5
.............
6.51
3.91
1.08
1.52
0.05
0.48
0.08
0.02
0.07
0.46
0.16
0.06
1998
graduates
......
3.99
0.61
0.51
2.87
0.20
0.70
0.16
0.14
0.16
0.78
0.51
0.07
Male
...................
4.25
0.67
0.35
3.23
0.27
0.59
0.15
0.06
0.10
1.37
0.53
0.02
Female
...............
3.77
0.57
0.66
2.54
0.14
0.80
0.18
0.22
0.21
0.23
0.49
0.12
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................
3.97
0.58
0.49
2.90
0.24
0.69
0.15
0.11
0.14
0.83
0.51
0.06
Black
..................
4.33
0.70
0.68
2.95
0.09
0.83
0.24
0.29
0.23
0.56
0.47
0.11
Hispanic
.............
3.97
0.66
0.49
2.82
0.16
0.64
0.18
0.16
0.17
0.75
0.51
0.10
Asian
..................
3.15
0.58
0.27
2.30
0.09
0.64
0.13
0.15
0.14
0.57
0.49
0.02
American
Indian
4.02
0.54
0.55
2.92
0.19
0.70
0.14
0.06
0.14
0.98
0.51
0.03
Academic
track
Academic
2
.........
2.22
0.54
0.49
1.19
0.03
0.41
0.05
0.03
0.07
0.22
0.33
0.02
Vocational
3
........
9.12
1.40
0.75
6.97
0.62
0.64
0.29
0.11
0.36
3.36
0.66
0.29
Both
4
..................
6.06
0.62
0.52
4.92
0.41
1.10
0.31
0.29
0.27
1.39
0.74
0.14
Neither
5
.............
5.64
2.91
1.20
1.53
0.10
0.43
0.06
0.02
0.07
0.31
0.19
0.06
1
Includes
unclassified
courses
not
shown
separately.
2
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses,
but
less
than
3
Carnegie
units
in
any
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.
3
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field,
but
less
than
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses.
4
Includes
students
who
complete
at
least
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses
and
at
least
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.
5
Includes
students
who
complete
less
than
12
Carnegie
units
in
academic
courses
and
less
than
3
Carnegie
units
in
a
specific
labor
market
preparation
field.
NOTE:
The
Carnegie
unit
is
a
standard
of
measurement
that
represents
one
credit
for
the
completion
of
a
1­
year
course.
Data
differ
slightly
from
figures
appearing
in
other
NCES
reports
because
of
differences
in
taxonomies
and
case
exclusion
criteria.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
First
Followup
survey;
``
1990
High
School
Transcript
Study,''
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey;
``
1994
High
School
Transcript
Study;''
and
``
1998
High
School
Transcript
Study.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2000.)
161
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
COURSEWORK
Table
142.
 
Percentage
of
high
school
graduates
taking
selected
mathematics
and
science
courses
in
high
school,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
1982
to
1998
Courses
(
Carnegie
credits)
1982
1987
1990
1994
1998
Total
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Mathematics
1
Any
mathematics
(
1.0)
................................................
98.5
99.0
99.9
99.8
99.8
99.8
99.8
99.8
99.9
99.8
100.0
99.7
Algebra
I
(
1.0)
2
.......................................................
55.2
58.8
63.7
65.8
62.8
62.0
63.6
63.5
62.3
61.4
56.8
63.3
Geometry
(
1.0)
........................................................
47.1
58.6
63.2
70.0
75.1
73.7
77.3
77.7
72.5
62.3
75.9
57.2
Algebra
II
(
0.5)
3
......................................................
39.9
49.0
52.8
61.1
61.7
59.8
63.7
64.6
55.6
48.3
70.1
46.6
Trigonometry
(
0.5)
..................................................
8.1
11.5
9.6
11.7
8.9
8.2
9.7
10.0
4.8
5.6
11.7
5.5
Analysis/
pre­
calculus
(
0.5)
......................................
6.2
12.8
13.3
17.3
23.1
23.1
22.8
25.0
13.8
15.3
41.3
16.4
Statistics/
probability
(
0.5)
........................................
1.0
1.1
1.0
2.0
3.7
3.4
3.9
4.3
2.1
1.7
3.8
3.7
Calculus
(
1.0)
..........................................................
5.0
6.1
6.5
9.3
11.0
11.2
10.6
12.1
6.6
6.2
18.4
6.2
AP
calculus
(
1.0)
....................................................
1.6
3.4
4.1
7.0
6.7
7.3
6.4
7.5
3.4
3.7
13.4
0.6
Science
Any
science
(
1.0)
.........................................................
96.4
97.8
99.3
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.6
99.5
99.3
99.3
99.4
99.4
Biology
(
1.0)
............................................................
77.4
86.0
91.0
93.2
92.7
91.4
94.1
93.7
92.8
86.5
92.9
91.3
AP/
honors
biology
(
1.0)
..........................................
10.0
9.4
10.1
11.9
16.2
14.5
18.0
16.7
15.4
12.6
22.2
6.0
Chemistry
(
1.0)
.......................................................
32.1
44.2
48.9
55.8
60.4
57.1
63.5
63.2
54.3
46.1
72.4
46.9
AP/
honors
chemistry
(
1.0)
......................................
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.9
4.7
4.9
4.7
4.8
3.5
4.0
10.9
0.9
Physics
(
1.0)
...........................................................
15.0
20.0
21.6
24.5
28.8
31.7
26.2
30.7
21.4
18.9
46.4
16.2
AP/
honors
physics
(
1.0)
.........................................
1.2
1.8
2.0
2.7
3.0
4.0
2.1
3.0
2.1
2.1
7.6
0.9
Engineering
(
1.0)
....................................................
1.2
2.6
4.2
4.5
6.7
7.1
6.5
7.9
4.8
2.3
5.2
9.6
Astronomy
(
0.5)
......................................................
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.7
1.9
2.4
1.5
2.4
0.9
0.8
1.0
2.1
Geology/
earth
science
(
0.5)
...................................
13.6
13.4
24.7
22.9
20.7
21.5
20.1
21.5
24.2
15.9
9.5
21.7
Biology
and
chemistry
(
2.0)
....................................
29.3
41.4
47.5
53.7
59.0
55.4
62.3
62.0
53.0
43.7
69.5
43.2
Biology,
chemistry,
and
physics
(
3.0)
.....................
11.2
16.6
18.8
21.4
25.4
27.4
23.7
27.6
17.4
15.9
40.2
14.2
1
These
data
only
report
the
percentage
of
students
who
earned
credit
in
each
mathematics
course
while
in
high
school
and
do
not
count
those
students
who
took
these
courses
prior
to
entering
high
school.
2
Excludes
prealgebra.
3
Includes
algebra/
trigonometry
and
algebra/
geometry.

NOTE:
Data
differ
slightly
from
figures
appearing
in
other
NCES
reports
because
of
differences
in
taxonomies
and
case
exclusion
criteria.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
First
Followup
survey;
``
1990
High
School
Transcript
Study,''
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey;
``
1994
High
School
Transcript
Study;''
and
``
1998
High
School
Transcript
Study.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2000.)

Table
143.
 
Percent
of
public
high
school
graduates
earning
minimum
credits
in
selected
combinations
of
academic
courses,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
1982
to
1998
Year
of
graduation
and
course
combinations
taken
1
All
students
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1982
graduates
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
.5
Comp.,
and
2
F.
L.
2
...............
2.0
2.3
1.8
2.4
0.7
0.6
5.8
1.1
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
and
2
F.
L.
..................................
9.5
9.1
9.9
10.9
5.2
3.9
17.0
3.3
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math
.....................................................
14.3
15.2
13.4
15.9
11.0
6.7
21.1
8.1
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
2
Sci.,
2
Math
.....................................................
31.5
31.7
31.3
32.4
30.8
25.6
32.0
23.6
1987
graduates
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
.5
Comp.,
and
2
F.
L.
2
...............
10.6
11.5
9.8
11.3
6.6
5.5
20.5
2.5
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
and
2
F.
L.
..................................
18.1
18.0
18.3
19.0
12.7
10.8
35.7
4.9
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math
.....................................................
24.8
25.9
23.7
26.1
19.6
14.5
39.8
24.3
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
2
Sci.,
2
Math
.....................................................
48.1
48.0
48.4
48.1
48.3
43.9
57.9
61.8
1990
graduates
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
.5
Comp.,
and
2
F.
L.
2
...............
18.0
17.8
18.2
18.6
15.1
17.8
23.3
7.8
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
and
2
F.
L.
..................................
29.9
28.8
31.0
31.7
22.9
25.4
42.6
9.9
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math
.....................................................
38.2
38.5
37.9
39.2
39.0
29.8
47.4
19.2
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
2
Sci.,
2
Math
.....................................................
65.5
64.3
66.4
64.9
71.3
63.7
69.1
46.3
1994
graduates
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
.5
Comp.,
and
2
F.
L.
2
...............
25.1
23.4
26.8
26.4
19.0
27.1
35.5
12.9
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
and
2
F.
L.
..................................
39.0
35.0
42.7
41.6
29.6
35.6
50.1
22.5
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math
.....................................................
49.3
47.0
51.5
52.4
43.7
40.3
54.9
46.0
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
2
Sci.,
2
Math
.....................................................
73.9
71.2
76.4
75.1
74.5
74.7
72.3
76.3
1998
graduates
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
.5
Comp.,
and
2
F.
L.
2
...............
28.6
27.6
30.1
29.6
27.9
20.4
38.6
16.5
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math,
and
2
F.
L.
..................................
44.2
40.5
48.2
46.2
40.0
32.0
57.8
28.3
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
3
Sci.,
3
Math
.....................................................
55.0
52.9
57.8
56.8
55.6
40.0
66.1
40.0
4
Eng.,
3
S.
S.,
2
Sci.,
2
Math
.....................................................
74.5
72.8
77.0
74.7
76.0
70.1
79.5
76.4
1
Eng.
=
English;
S.
S.
=
social
studies;
Sci.
=
science;
Comp.
=
computer
science;
and
F.
L.
=
foreign
language.
2
The
National
Commission
on
Excellence
in
Education
recommended
that
all
collegebound
high
school
students
take
these
courses
as
a
minimum.

NOTE:
Data
differ
slightly
from
figures
appearing
in
other
NCES
reports
because
of
differences
in
taxonomies
and
case
exclusion
criteria.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
First
Followup
survey;
``
1990
High
School
Transcript
Study,''
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey;
``
1994
High
School
Transcript
Study;''
and
``
1998
High
School
Transcript
Study.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2000.)
162
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
COURSEWORK
Table
144.
 
Percentage
of
3­
to
5­
year­
olds
not
yet
enrolled
in
kindergarten,
who
have
participated
in
home
literacy
activities
with
a
family
member,
by
selected
child
and
family
characteristics:
1993
and
1999
Child
and
family
characteristics
Children,
in
thousands
Percent
participating
3
or
more
times
in
the
past
week
Visited
a
library
1
1993
1999
Read
to
Told
a
story
Taught
letters,
words,
or
numbers
Did
arts
and
crafts
1993
1999
1993
1999
1993
1999
1993
1999
1993
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
..............................
8,579
8,525
78
(
0.6)
82
(
0.7)
43
(
0.9)
50
(
1.0)
58
(
0.8)
64
(
0.9)
34
(
0.8)
39
(
1.0)
38
(
1.0)
37
(
0.9)

Age
3
years
old
...................
3,889
3,814
79
(
1.0)
82
(
1.1)
46
(
1.3)
53
(
1.5)
57
(
1.3)
66
(
1.4)
34
(
1.3)
41
(
1.5)
34
(
1.3)
33
(
1.4)
4
years
old
...................
3,713
3,705
78
(
1.0)
82
(
1.1)
41
(
1.5)
48
(
1.5)
58
(
1.1)
63
(
1.4)
33
(
1.1)
38
(
1.4)
41
(
1.5)
39
(
1.4)
5
years
old
...................
976
1,006
76
(
2.1)
79
(
2.4)
36
(
2.7)
45
(
2.9)
58
(
2.8)
65
(
2.7)
33
(
2.3)
35
(
2.7)
38
(
2.7)
42
(
2.9)

Sex
Male
..............................
4,453
4,364
77
(
1.0)
81
(
1.0)
43
(
1.2)
50
(
1.4)
58
(
1.0)
64
(
1.3)
31
(
1.0)
38
(
1.3)
38
(
1.5)
35
(
1.3)
Female
.........................
4,126
4,162
79
(
1.0)
82
(
1.1)
43
(
1.2)
50
(
1.4)
58
(
1.3)
65
(
1.4)
36
(
1.2)
40
(
1.4)
38
(
1.1)
38
(
1.4)

Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.....
5,902
5,389
85
(
0.7)
89
(
0.8)
44
(
1.0)
53
(
1.3)
58
(
0.9)
65
(
1.2)
36
(
1.0)
44
(
1.2)
42
(
1.3)
40
(
1.2)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
1,271
1,214
66
(
2.3)
72
(
2.4)
39
(
2.7)
44
(
2.7)
63
(
2.7)
67
(
2.6)
28
(
2.4)
27
(
2.3)
29
(
2.6)
34
(
2.5)
Hispanic
........................
1,026
1,376
58
(
2.4)
62
(
2.1)
38
(
2.2)
40
(
2.1)
54
(
1.9)
57
(
2.2)
25
(
2.1)
32
(
2.0)
26
(
1.6)
24
(
1.8)
Other
............................
381
547
73
(
3.8)
82
(
3.0)
50
(
5.3)
54
(
4.0)
59
(
3.9)
68
(
3.8)
32
(
3.2)
33
(
3.9)
43
(
4.5)
43
(
4.0)

Mother's
highest
education
2
Less
than
high
school
..
1,036
1,083
60
(
2.7)
64
(
2.6)
37
(
3.2)
37
(
2.8)
56
(
2.7)
56
(
2.9)
25
(
2.2)
27
(
2.5)
22
(
2.7)
17
(
2.1)
High
school
diploma
or
equivalent
.............
3,268
2,360
76
(
1.3)
77
(
1.6)
41
(
1.3)
49
(
1.9)
56
(
1.3)
66
(
1.9)
30
(
1.2)
39
(
1.9)
31
(
1.8)
31
(
1.8)
Vocational/
technical
or
some
college
........
2,624
2,596
83
(
1.4)
85
(
1.2)
45
(
1.7)
52
(
1.7)
60
(
1.5)
67
(
1.6)
38
(
1.6)
40
(
1.7)
44
(
2.0)
40
(
1.7)
College
degree
.............
912
1,485
90
(
1.6)
92
(
1.2)
48
(
2.4)
55
(
2.2)
56
(
2.2)
66
(
2.1)
37
(
2.3)
43
(
2.2)
55
(
2.2)
51
(
2.2)
Graduate/
professional
training
or
degree
.....
569
727
90
(
2.1)
93
(
1.5)
50
(
3.1)
52
(
3.2)
60
(
2.7)
61
(
3.1)
42
(
3.0)
48
(
3.2)
59
(
3.4)
49
(
3.2)

Mother's
employment
status
2
Employed
.....................
4,486
5,097
79
(
1.0)
82
(
1.0)
44
(
1.0)
50
(
1.3)
57
(
1.2)
65
(
1.2)
33
(
1.1)
37
(
1.2)
39
(
1.2)
36
(
1.2)
Unemployed
.................
594
443
71
(
3.4)
73
(
3.5)
43
(
2.9)
49
(
4.3)
66
(
3.6)
64
(
4.1)
34
(
3.9)
40
(
4.2)
37
(
3.7)
31
(
3.9)
Not
in
labor
force
.........
3,328
2,712
79
(
1.3)
84
(
1.3)
43
(
1.4)
50
(
1.8)
58
(
1.5)
65
(
1.7)
34
(
1.4)
43
(
1.7)
37
(
1.4)
41
(
1.7)

Family
composition
of
household
Two
parents
.................
6,226
6,058
81
(
0.7)
85
(
0.8)
44
(
0.9)
52
(
1.1)
57
(
0.9)
64
(
1.1)
35
(
0.9)
42
(
1.1)
41
(
1.2)
40
(
1.1)
None
or
one
parent
......
2,353
2,467
71
(
1.7)
74
(
1.7)
41
(
2.0)
44
(
1.9)
59
(
2.1)
65
(
1.9)
30
(
1.9)
33
(
1.8)
30
(
1.7)
29
(
1.8)

Poverty
status
Above
poverty
threshold
..............................
6,323
6,683
82
(
0.7)
85
(
0.7)
44
(
0.9)
52
(
1.0)
57
(
0.8)
66
(
1.0)
36
(
0.9)
41
(
1.0)
41
(
1.2)
40
(
1.0)
At
or
below
poverty
threshold
....................
2,256
1,842
68
(
1.6)
70
(
2.2)
39
(
1.8)
42
(
2.5)
59
(
2.0)
59
(
2.5)
27
(
1.9)
34
(
2.4)
28
(
2.0)
24
(
2.1)

1
Refers
to
visiting
a
library
at
least
once
in
the
past
month.
2
Excludes
children
who
did
not
have
a
mother
(
birth,
adoptive,
step,
or
foster)
residing
in
their
household
and
also
did
not
have
a
female
respondent
on
the
telephone.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey,
Home
Literacy
Activities
and
Signs
of
Children's
Emerging
Literacy,
1993
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
163
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ACTIVITIES
Table
145.
 
Percent
of
public
high
school
seniors
who
say
they
engage
in
various
activities,
by
student
characteristics:
1982
and
1992
Activity
Total
Sex
Race/
ethncity
Socioeconomic
status
Control
of
school
attended
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
Low
Middle
High
Public
Catholic
Other
private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Percent
of
12th
graders,
1982
At
least
once
a
week
Talking
with
friends
................
92.7
92.5
93.0
94.2
89.1
88.9
86.7
91.3
88.6
93.7
95.6
92.3
96.4
97.2
Reading
for
pleasure
..............
50.4
43.4
57.1
51.0
53.9
43.1
56.4
50.3
45.2
50.1
56.8
50.1
51.4
56.2
Going
on
dates
.......................
61.3
60.6
62.0
63.9
51.9
58.1
40.3
54.5
55.8
63.4
62.8
61.4
60.7
60.7
Driving
or
riding
around
..........
62.4
65.9
59.1
65.2
48.9
60.7
42.4
62.3
56.2
65.0
65.1
62.6
64.6
55.0
Thinking
or
daydreaming
........
68.5
61.8
74.8
71.1
64.6
58.0
62.4
53.9
63.3
67.5
75.9
67.7
75.2
76.5
Talking
with
parents
...............
83.9
79.9
87.6
85.6
80.1
78.0
79.8
76.0
78.5
84.7
87.8
83.4
87.7
87.9
Reading
front
page
of
newspaper
............................
69.1
70.8
67.5
69.7
71.9
63.3
73.5
61.8
61.5
69.1
77.0
68.5
75.7
72.0
Five
or
more
hours
on
weekdays
Watches
television
.................
11.5
11.9
11.2
9.4
22.2
13.8
8.1
20.9
16.5
11.5
6.4
12.1
8.0
3.9
Percent
of
12th
graders,
1992
At
least
once
a
week
Use
personal
computer
..........
23.7
28.1
19.3
23.9
23.6
20.9
27.0
23.8
18.9
23.3
27.7
23.4
25.2
28.0
Work
on
hobbies
....................
40.9
44.4
37.4
42.0
34.8
39.9
37.8
49.8
36.3
41.1
43.5
40.6
43.4
43.2
Attend
religious
activities
........
31.0
28.1
33.8
31.4
33.7
26.9
30.4
14.6
22.2
29.4
39.9
29.4
38.8
54.9
Attend
youth
groups
...............
22.4
24.6
20.1
22.5
23.3
18.5
26.4
22.1
16.6
21.3
28.1
21.8
22.9
33.3
Perform
community
service
....
11.3
10.7
11.9
11.1
12.1
10.9
14.0
9.2
7.7
9.5
16.7
9.7
22.3
31.2
Driving
or
riding
around
..........
73.3
74.3
72.3
75.7
67.8
66.2
66.7
71.0
69.6
75.3
72.4
73.4
77.8
63.0
Do
things
with
friends
.............
88.1
88.2
88.0
90.7
79.8
82.4
85.9
77.2
80.8
88.1
93.2
87.5
94.5
91.9
Do
things
with
parent
.............
66.7
61.2
72.1
68.2
62.0
63.8
63.4
61.2
59.6
66.3
71.7
66.0
73.6
72.8
Talk
with
other
adult
...............
47.7
45.4
49.9
48.8
44.3
46.2
43.0
44.0
47.6
49.0
45.0
47.3
46.4
58.8
Take
music,
art,
or
dance
class
.....................................
10.1
7.9
12.2
9.9
9.7
9.8
14.0
10.6
7.1
8.8
14.0
9.7
13.4
12.4
Take
sports
lessons
...............
7.3
9.7
5.0
7.0
7.4
8.2
9.4
11.6
5.6
6.6
9.5
7.1
11.1
7.8
Play
ball
or
other
sport
...........
26.3
38.8
14.0
27.1
22.9
23.6
28.7
29.4
20.7
24.5
33.1
25.6
34.0
31.4
More
than
an
hour
a
day
Reading
for
pleasure
..............
55.4
53.1
57.7
56.3
51.0
53.5
54.4
59.3
51.6
55.0
58.6
55.0
56.0
62.9
Plays
video
games
.................
13.0
19.2
6.8
11.7
19.9
13.0
13.5
21.1
16.9
13.7
9.4
13.3
10.4
8.9
Five
or
more
hours
on
weekdays
Watches
television
.................
8.4
8.5
8.4
6.4
21.3
9.3
6.4
12.7
12.0
9.4
4.1
8.7
7.9
4.1
NOTE:
Socioeconomic
status
was
measured
by
a
composite
score
on
parental
education
and
occupations,
and
family
income.
The
``
Low''
SES
group
is
the
lowest
quartile;
the
``
Middle''
SES
group
is
the
middle
two
quartiles;
and
the
``
High''
SES
group
is
the
upper
quartile.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey,
and
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
First
Followup
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
1994.)

Table
146.
 
Percent
of
high
school
seniors
who
participate
in
selected
school­
sponsored
extracurricular
activities,
by
student
characteristics:
1980
and
1992
Student
characteristics
Academic
clubs
Athletics
Cheerleading
and
drill
team
Newspaper
or
yearbook
Music,
drama,
debate
Vocational
clubs
1980
1992
1980
1992
1980
1992
1980
1992
1980
1992
1980
1992
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
seniors
..............................
25.6
25.1
51.8
42.9
15.1
7.5
19.9
18.8
36.5
27.9
23.1
17.7
Male
....................................
20.3
22.8
64.0
55.3
4.5
2.0
15.4
14.0
28.4
23.0
19.1
14.7
Female
................................
30.9
27.4
40.6
30.3
24.8
13.0
24.0
23.5
44.0
32.7
26.7
20.6
Race/
ethnicity
White
...................................
25.0
25.8
51.6
44.1
14.9
7.4
20.1
19.7
35.8
28.1
22.3
17.6
Black
...................................
33.1
20.6
54.4
41.4
17.6
10.6
17.8
14.3
43.2
32.2
30.1
22.5
Hispanic
..............................
24.2
22.6
49.4
35.3
12.3
6.6
15.8
16.8
31.1
22.3
27.3
16.4
Asian
...................................
26.6
32.3
48.8
45.2
14.6
5.1
21.4
18.9
36.6
25.8
9.6
8.8
Test
performance
quartile
Lowest
test
quartile
.............
24.6
18.1
46.3
40.3
15.0
8.5
14.6
12.0
31.8
23.3
33.0
25.0
Middle
2
test
quartiles
........
24.3
23.3
49.4
42.3
16.0
7.6
18.7
17.1
35.6
26.5
24.2
20.0
Highest
test
quartile
............
29.0
37.1
54.0
49.0
13.5
7.9
27.1
27.9
43.4
35.2
12.4
11.4
Socioeconomic
status
1
Low
quartile
........................
24.6
19.4
43.2
33.9
13.0
6.7
15.7
14.2
31.0
24.1
30.6
24.8
Middle
2
quartiles
...............
24.3
24.5
52.1
41.7
15.9
8.0
19.2
17.5
35.8
27.8
24.1
18.5
High
quartile
........................
29.0
31.7
61.7
53.9
15.6
7.7
25.3
25.5
43.8
31.6
13.4
9.3
Region
Northwest
............................
19.6
23.1
54.5
48.6
11.5
6.9
24.6
28.3
34.5
28.4
10.6
8.1
Midwest
...............................
21.4
25.4
52.8
45.8
15.3
8.0
18.4
18.2
37.1
32.0
20.0
18.4
South
...................................
30.8
28.2
48.2
38.8
18.0
8.5
18.8
15.0
37.9
25.6
40.0
27.2
West
....................................
21.9
21.6
52.9
40.6
14.0
6.0
16.8
16.5
35.2
25.6
15.8
10.0
High
school
program
2
General
...............................
19.6
18.3
49.9
37.8
14.0
7.1
16.7
14.6
34.5
26.3
22.6
16.7
Academic
............................
28.7
34.2
60.1
50.8
17.2
8.8
26.9
24.9
44.1
32.8
13.1
12.6
Vocational
...........................
23.1
14.7
42.4
30.1
13.3
4.9
13.2
11.2
27.7
16.2
39.3
41.2
1
Socioeconomic
status
was
measured
by
a
composite
score
on
parental
education
and
occupations,
and
family
income.
The
``
low''
SES
group
is
the
lowest
quartile;
the
middle
SES
group
is
the
middle
two
quartiles;
and
the
``
high''
SES
group
is
the
upper
quartile.
2
Program
as
reported
by
student.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
High
School
and
Beyond,''
Senior
Cohort;
and
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Followup
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
1996.)
164
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DRUGS
AND
VIOLENCE
Table
147.
 
Percentage
of
students
in
grades
9
through
12
who
reported
experience
with
drugs
and
violence
on
school
property,
by
race/
ethnicity,
grade,
and
sex:
1997
and
1999
Type
of
violence
or
drug­
related
behavior
1997
1999
Total
Total
Race/
ethnicity
Grade
White
Black
Hispanic
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Felt
too
unsafe
to
go
to
school
1
Total
.....................................................................................................
4.0
5.2
3.9
6.0
11.2
7.0
4.8
4.5
3.9
Male
..................................................................................................
4.1
4.8
3.6
4.9
12.3
6.2
4.4
4.6
3.4
Female
..............................................................................................
3.9
5.7
4.3
7.1
10.2
7.9
5.2
4.3
4.5
Carried
a
weapon
on
school
property
1,2
Total
.....................................................................................................
8.5
6.9
6.4
5.0
7.9
7.2
6.6
7.0
6.2
Male
..................................................................................................
12.5
11.0
11.0
5.3
12.3
11.4
10.5
11.1
10.1
Female
..............................................................................................
3.7
2.8
1.6
4.8
3.7
3.0
2.8
2.9
2.3
Threatened
or
injured
with
a
weapon
on
school
property
3
Total
.....................................................................................................
7.4
7.7
6.6
7.6
9.8
10.5
8.2
6.1
5.1
Male
..................................................................................................
10.2
9.5
7.9
9.0
13.1
12.6
10.9
7.0
6.6
Female
..............................................................................................
4.0
5.8
5.2
6.4
6.6
8.4
5.4
5.1
3.5
Engaged
in
a
physical
fight
on
school
property
3
Total
.....................................................................................................
14.8
14.2
12.3
18.7
15.7
18.6
17.2
10.8
8.1
Male
..................................................................................................
20.0
18.5
17.2
19.0
20.6
24.3
22.3
14.4
10.2
Female
..............................................................................................
8.6
9.8
7.1
18.4
10.8
12.7
12.1
7.1
6.0
Property
stolen
or
deliberately
damaged
on
school
property
3
Total
.....................................................................................................
32.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Male
..................................................................................................
36.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Female
..............................................................................................
29.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cigarette
use
on
school
property
1
Total
.....................................................................................................
14.6
14.0
15.6
6.7
12.9
11.8
14.9
14.2
14.9
Male
..................................................................................................
15.9
14.8
16.5
7.7
15.3
11.9
14.4
14.8
18.2
Female
..............................................................................................
13.0
13.2
14.7
5.8
10.6
11.7
15.4
13.7
11.7
Smokeless
tobacco
use
on
school
property
4
Total
.....................................................................................................
5.1
4.2
5.9
0.5
2.5
3.5
4.2
4.0
4.9
Male
..................................................................................................
9.0
8.1
11.4
0.9
3.5
6.6
8.1
7.8
9.5
Female
..............................................................................................
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.1
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
Alcohol
use
on
school
property
1
Total
.....................................................................................................
5.6
4.9
4.8
4.3
7.0
4.4
5.0
4.7
5.0
Male
..................................................................................................
7.2
6.1
6.1
6.2
7.3
4.1
6.0
6.5
7.6
Female
..............................................................................................
3.6
3.6
3.4
2.6
6.7
4.5
4.1
2.9
2.4
Marijuana
use
on
school
property
1
Total
.....................................................................................................
7.0
7.2
6.5
7.2
10.7
6.6
7.6
7.0
7.3
Male
..................................................................................................
9.0
10.1
9.2
9.8
14.7
8.7
11.4
9.2
10.4
Female
..............................................................................................
4.6
4.4
3.6
4.9
6.9
4.4
3.8
4.9
4.2
Offered,
sold,
or
given
an
illegal
drug
on
school
property
3
Total
.....................................................................................................
31.7
30.2
28.8
25.3
36.9
27.6
32.1
31.1
30.5
Male
..................................................................................................
37.4
34.7
33.2
30.1
44.4
31.6
37.5
33.9
36.7
Female
..............................................................................................
24.7
25.7
24.1
20.9
29.5
23.5
26.9
28.4
24.4
 
Not
available.
1
On
one
or
more
of
the
30
days
preceding
the
survey.
2
Such
as
a
gun,
knife,
or
club.
3
One
or
more
times
during
the
12
months
preceding
the
survey.
4
Used
chewing
tobacco
or
snuff
during
1
of
the
30
days
preceding
the
survey.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention,
CDC
Surveillance
Summaries,
June
9,
2000,
MMWR
2000;
47
(
No.
SS­
5).
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)

Table
148.
 
Percent
of
12­
to
17­
year
olds
reporting
drug
use
during
the
past
30
days
and
the
past
year:
1982
to
1999
Type
of
drug
and
frequency
use
1982
1985
1988
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Percent
reporting
drug
use
during
past
30
days
Any
illicit
use
................................................
 
13.2
8.1
7.1
5.8
5.3
5.7
8.2
10.9
9.0
11.4
9.9
10.9
Marijuana
.................................................
9.9
10.2
5.4
4.4
3.6
3.4
4.0
6.0
8.2
7.1
9.4
8.3
7.7
Cocaine
....................................................
1.9
1.5
1.2
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.8
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.5
Alcohol
..........................................................
34.9
41.2
33.4
32.5
27.0
20.9
23.9
21.6
21.1
18.8
20.5
19.1
18.6
Cigarettes
.....................................................
 
29.4
22.7
22.4
20.9
18.4
18.5
18.9
20.2
18.3
19.9
18.2
14.9
Percent
reporting
drug
use
during
past
year
Any
illicit
use
................................................
 
20.7
14.9
14.1
13.1
10.4
11.9
15.5
18.0
16.7
18.8
16.4
20.3
Marijuana
.................................................
17.7
16.7
10.7
9.6
8.5
6.9
8.5
11.4
14.2
13.0
15.8
14.1
14.4
Cocaine
....................................................
3.7
3.4
2.5
1.9
1.3
1.0
0.7
1.1
1.7
1.4
2.2
1.7
1.6
Alcohol
..........................................................
46.1
52.7
45.5
41.8
41.2
33.3
35.9
36.2
35.1
32.7
34.0
31.8
34.9
Cigarettes
.....................................................
 
29.9
26.8
26.2
23.7
21.4
22.5
24.5
26.6
24.2
26.4
23.8
23.5
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Marijuana
includes
hashish
usage
for
1996
and
later
years.
Due
to
changes
in
the
survey
instrument
and
administration
and
to
improve
comparability
with
new
data,
estimates
for
1982
through
1993
have
been
adjusted
and
may
differ
from
those
reported
in
previous
years.
Data
for
1999
gathered
using
Computer
Assisted
Interviewing
(
CAI)
and
may
not
be
directly
comparable
to
previous
years.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Substance
Abuse
and
Mental
Health
Services
Administration,
``
National
Household
Survey
on
Drug
Abuse,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
165
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DRUG
USE
Table
149.
 
Percent
of
high
school
seniors
reporting
drug
use,
by
type
of
drug
and
frequency
of
use:
1975
to
2000
Type
of
drug
and
frequency
of
use
Class
of
1975
Class
of
1980
Class
of
1984
Class
of
1985
Class
of
1986
Class
of
1987
Class
of
1988
Class
of
1989
Class
of
1990
Class
of
1991
Class
of
1992
Class
of
1993
Class
of
1994
Class
of
1995
Class
of
1996
Class
of
1997
Class
of
1998
Class
of
1999
Class
of
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Percent
reporting
having
ever
used
drugs
Alcohol
1
..........................
90.4
93.2
92.6
92.2
91.3
92.2
92.0
90.7
89.5
88.0
87.5
80.0
80.4
80.7
79.2
81.7
81.4
80.0
80.3
Any
illicit
drug
.................
55.2
65.4
61.6
60.6
57.6
56.6
53.9
50.9
47.9
44.1
40.7
42.9
45.6
48.4
50.8
54.3
54.1
54.7
54.0
Marijuana
only
...........
19.0
26.7
21.3
20.9
19.9
20.8
21.4
19.5
18.5
17.2
15.6
16.2
18.0
20.3
22.3
 
 
 
 
Any
illicit
drug
other
than
marijuana
2
.....
36.2
38.7
40.3
39.7
37.7
35.8
32.5
31.4
29.4
26.9
25.1
26.7
27.6
28.1
28.5
30.0
29.4
29.4
29.0
Use
of
selected
drugs
Cocaine
.....................
9.0
15.7
16.1
17.3
16.9
15.2
12.1
10.3
9.4
7.8
6.1
6.1
5.9
6.0
7.1
8.7
9.3
9.8
8.6
Heroin
........................
2.2
1.1
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.3
1.3
0.9
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.4
LSD
............................
11.3
9.3
8.0
7.5
7.2
8.4
7.7
8.3
8.7
8.8
8.6
10.3
10.5
11.7
12.6
13.6
12.6
12.2
11.1
Marijuana/
hashish
.....
47.3
60.3
54.9
54
51
50.2
47.2
43.7
40.7
36.7
32.6
35.3
38.2
41.7
44.9
49.6
49.1
49.7
48.8
PCP
...........................
 
9.6
5.0
4.9
4.8
3.0
2.9
3.9
2.8
2.9
2.4
2.9
2.8
2.7
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.4
3.4
Percent
reporting
use
of
drugs
in
the
past
12
months
Alcohol
1
..........................
84.8
87.9
86.0
85.6
84.5
85.7
85.3
82.7
80.6
77.7
76.8
72.7
73.0
73.7
72.5
74.8
74.3
73.8
73.2
Any
illicit
drug
.................
45.0
53.1
45.8
46.3
44.3
41.7
38.5
35.4
32.5
29.4
27.1
31.0
35.8
39.0
40.2
42.4
41.4
42.1
40.9
Marijuana
only
...........
18.8
22.7
17.8
18.9
18.4
17.6
17.4
15.4
14.6
13.2
12.2
13.9
17.8
19.6
20.4
 
 
 
 
Any
illicit
drug
other
than
marijuana
2
.....
26.2
30.4
28.0
27.4
25.9
24.1
21.1
20.0
17.9
16.2
14.9
17.1
18.0
19.4
19.8
20.7
20.2
20.7
20.4
Use
of
selected
drugs
Cocaine
.....................
5.6
12.3
11.6
13.1
12.7
10.3
7.9
6.5
5.3
3.5
3.1
3.3
3.6
4.0
4.9
5.5
5.7
6.2
5.0
Heroin
........................
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.6
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.5
LSD
............................
7.2
6.5
4.7
4.4
4.5
5.2
4.8
4.9
5.4
5.2
5.6
6.8
6.9
8.4
8.8
8.4
7.6
8.1
6.6
Marijuana/
hashish
.....
40.0
48.8
40.0
40.6
38.8
36.3
33.1
29.6
27.0
23.9
21.9
26.0
30.7
34.7
35.8
38.5
37.5
37.8
36.5
PCP
...........................
 
4.4
2.3
2.9
2.4
1.3
1.2
2.4
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.6
2.3
2.1
1.8
2.3
Percent
reporting
use
of
drugs
in
the
past
30
days
Alcohol
1
..........................
68.2
72.0
67.2
65.9
65.3
66.4
63.9
60.0
57.1
54.0
51.3
48.6
50.1
51.3
50.8
52.7
52.0
51.0
50.0
Any
illicit
drug
.................
30.7
37.2
29.2
29.7
27.1
24.7
21.3
19.7
17.2
16.4
14.4
18.3
21.9
23.8
24.6
26.2
25.6
25.9
24.9
Marijuana
only
...........
15.3
18.8
14.1
14.8
13.9
13.1
11.3
10.6
9.2
9.3
8.1
10.4
13.1
13.8
15.1
 
 
 
 
Any
illicit
drug
other
than
marijuana
2
.....
15.4
18.4
15.1
14.9
13.2
11.6
10.0
9.1
8.0
7.1
6.3
7.9
8.8
10.0
9.5
10.7
10.7
10.4
10.4
Use
of
selected
drugs
Cocaine
.....................
1.9
5.2
5.8
6.7
6.2
4.3
3.4
2.8
1.9
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.5
1.8
2.0
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.1
Heroin
........................
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.7
LSD
............................
2.3
2.3
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.4
2.6
4.0
2.5
3.1
3.2
2.7
1.6
Marijuana/
hashish
.....
27.1
33.7
25.2
25.7
23.4
21.0
18.0
16.7
14.0
13.8
11.9
15.5
19.0
21.2
21.9
23.7
22.8
23.1
21.6
PCP
...........................
 
1.4
1.0
1.6
1.3
0.6
0.3
1.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.0
0.7
0.6
1.3
0.7
1.0
0.8
0.9
 
Not
available.

1
Survey
question
changed
in
1993;
data
are
not
comparable
to
figures
for
earlier
years.

2
Other
illicit
drugs
include
any
use
of
marijuana,
LSD,
other
hallucinogens,
crack,
other
cocaine,
or
heroin,
or
any
use
of
other
narcotics,
amphetamines,
barbiturates,
or
tranquilizers
not
under
a
doctor's
orders.
NOTE:
A
revised
questionnaire
was
used
in
1982
and
later
years
to
reduce
the
inappropriate
reporting
of
nonprescription
stimulants.
This
slightly
reduced
the
positive
responses
for
some
types
of
drug
abuse.

SOURCE:
University
of
Michigan,
Institute
for
Social
Research,
``
Monitoring
the
Future''
Study.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
166
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DRUGS
AND
VIOLENCE
Table
150.
 
Percent
of
public
schools
reporting
crime
incidents
and
the
seriousness
of
crime
incidents
reported,
by
school
characteristics:
1996
 
97
School
characteristics
No
incidents
reported
Any
incidents
reported
Serious
violent
crimes
Total,
all
crimes
Total
Rape
or
other
sexual
battery
Physical
attacks
or
fights
with
weapons
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Number
of
incidents,
per
100,000
students
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Number
of
incidents
per
100,000
students
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
All
public
schools
..............
43
(
2.1)
57
(
2.1)
424.8
(
27.6)
1,003
(
66)
10
(
0.8)
22.6
(
3.3)
53
(
8)
3
(
0.5)
4.2
(
0.7)
6
(
0.5)
11.0
(
1.9)

Instructional
level
Elementary
school
...............
55
(
3.2)
45
(
3.2)
78.9
(
10.9)
352
(
49)
4
(
1.1)
2.9
(
0.8)
13
(
4)
1
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.4)
2
(
0.8)
1.6
(
0.6)
Middle
school
......................
26
(
2.3)
74
(
2.3)
136.4
(
15.6)
1,623
(
184)
19
(
1.9)
7.8
(
2.4)
93
(
29)
5
(
1.2)
1.4
(
0.4)
12
(
1.2)
4.1
(
1.4)
High
school
.........................
23
(
2.4)
77
(
2.4)
209.5
(
14.9)
1,807
(
130)
21
(
2.1)
11.9
(
1.8)
103
(
16)
8
(
1.3)
2.1
(
0.3)
13
(
1.5)
5.3
(
1.1)

Size
of
enrollment
Less
than
300
.....................
62
(
4.9)
38
(
4.9)
40.3
(
7.9)
1,073
(
189)
4
(
1.4)
2.3
(
1.3)
61
(
35)
1
(
0.6)
0.3
(
0.2)
2
(
0.9)
1.4
(
1.0)
300
to
999
...........................
40
(
2.2)
60
(
2.2)
204.1
(
16.7)
730
(
62)
9
(
1.2)
10.8
(
2.8)
38
(
10)
2
(
0.6)
2.0
(
0.6)
6
(
0.8)
5.7
(
1.6)
1,000
or
more
......................
11
(
2.3)
89
(
2.3)
180.4
(
17.8)
1,692
(
163)
33
(
2.4)
9.6
(
1.2)
90
(
11)
11
(
1.7)
1.8
(
0.3)
20
(
2.0)
3.9
(
0.5)

Locale
City
......................................
41
(
3.7)
59
(
3.7)
146.7
(
17.2)
1,164
(
141)
17
(
2.1)
11.9
(
2.6)
95
(
21)
5
(
1.0)
1.9
(
0.4)
10
(
1.7)
5.4
(
1.5)
Urban
fringe
........................
42
(
3.2)
58
(
3.2)
110.6
(
16.0)
882
(
126)
11
(
1.8)
4.7
(
1.0)
38
(
8)
4
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.3)
6
(
1.2)
2.1
(
0.4)
Town
....................................
37
(
3.8)
63
(
3.8)
104.0
(
9.2)
1,023
(
96)
5
(
1.4)
2.8
(
1.3)
28
(
13)
1
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.1)
3
(
0.9)
1.7
(
1.0)
Rural
....................................
53
(
4.2)
47
(
4.2)
63.3
(
8.9)
899
(
125)
8
(
1.5)
3.1
(
0.7)
45
(
10)
2
(
0.9)
0.8
(
0.4)
5
(
1.2)
1.8
(
0.6)

Region
Northeast
.............................
48
(
4.4)
52
(
4.4)
67.4
(
12.5)
806
(
140)
7
(
1.1)
3.2
(
0.6)
39
(
8)
2
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.1)
4
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.3)
Southeast
............................
41
(
3.8)
59
(
3.8)
95.4
(
12.0)
922
(
122)
9
(
1.6)
4.1
(
1.1)
40
(
10)
4
(
0.9)
1.2
(
0.3)
5
(
1.3)
1.6
(
0.4)
Central
.................................
49
(
4.5)
51
(
4.5)
95.2
(
15.2)
954
(
146)
11
(
2.2)
7.8
(
2.5)
78
(
25)
3
(
1.0)
1.2
(
0.5)
6
(
1.4)
4.3
(
1.6)
West
....................................
36
(
3.5)
64
(
3.5)
166.8
(
12.2)
1,218
(
95)
12
(
1.4)
7.5
(
1.4)
55
(
11)
3
(
0.8)
1.3
(
0.3)
8
(
1.2)
3.9
(
1.0)

Percent
minority
enrollment
Less
than
5
percent
............
53
(
3.7)
47
(
3.7)
66.2
(
8.6)
693
(
87)
6
(
1.3)
1.8
(
0.4)
19
(
5)
2
(
0.8)
0.7
(
0.3)
3
(
0.9)
0.9
(
0.2)
5
to
19
percent
....................
42
(
3.8)
58
(
3.8)
89.1
(
10.2)
871
(
90)
11
(
2.1)
4.1
(
1.4)
40
(
13)
3
(
1.2)
0.8
(
0.3)
6
(
1.2)
2.4
(
1.0)
20
to
49
percent
..................
42
(
3.6)
58
(
3.6)
103.5
(
14.1)
1,018
(
129)
11
(
1.6)
5.2
(
0.9)
51
(
9)
4
(
0.7)
1.5
(
0.3)
7
(
1.6)
2.2
(
0.5)
50
percent
or
more
.............
32
(
3.2)
68
(
3.2)
159.4
(
21.9)
1,325
(
181)
15
(
1.8)
11.5
(
2.8)
96
(
25)
4
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.3)
9
(
1.3)
5.4
(
1.5)

Percent
of
students
eligible
for
free
or
reduced­
price
school
lunch
Less
than
20
percent
..........
46
(
3.3)
54
(
3.3)
91.7
(
9.9)
813
(
80)
9
(
1.5)
2.9
(
0.6)
26
(
5)
3
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.2)
5
(
1.2)
1.4
(
0.3)
20
to
34
percent
..................
47
(
4.3)
53
(
4.3)
84.1
(
11.6)
916
(
134)
12
(
2.0)
5.3
(
1.1)
58
(
11)
3
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.4)
6
(
1.3)
2.4
(
0.5)
35
to
49
percent
..................
41
(
5.0)
59
(
5.0)
72.9
(
11.4)
1,073
(
175)
12
(
2.3)
3.3
(
0.8)
49
(
11)
4
(
1.7)
1.0
(
0.4)
6
(
1.7)
1.5
(
0.5)
50
to
74
percent
..................
41
(
4.1)
59
(
4.1)
93.9
(
16.1)
1,167
(
194)
9
(
1.4)
5.5
(
2.5)
68
(
31)
2
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.2)
6
(
1.3)
2.9
(
1.5)
75
percent
or
more
.............
41
(
4.7)
59
(
4.7)
75.8
(
10.6)
1,125
(
151)
10
(
1.7)
5.4
(
1.3)
81
(
22)
3
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.2)
7
(
1.4)
2.7
(
1.0)
167
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
DRUGS
AND
VIOLENCE
Table
150.
 
Percent
of
public
schools
reporting
crime
incidents
and
the
seriousness
of
crime
incidents
reported,
by
school
characteristics:
1996
 
97
 
Continued
School
characteristics
Serious
violent
crimes
Less
serious
or
nonviolent
crimes
Robbery
Total,
less
serious
or
nonviolent
crime
only
Physical
attacks
or
fights
without
weapons
Theft
or
larceny
Vandalism
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Number
of
incidents
per
100,000
students
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
Percent
of
schools
Number
of
incidents,
in
thousands
1
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
All
public
schools
..............
3
(
0.4)
7.2
(
1.5)
47
(
2.1)
401.9
(
26.0)
949
(
63)
28
(
1.1)
187.9
(
17.0)
31
(
1.5)
115.5
(
8.4)
38
(
1.6)
98.5
(
5.6)

Instructional
level
Elementary
school
...............
1
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.2)
41
(
3.2)
75.8
(
11.0)
339
(
49)
12
(
1.7)
21.5
(
7.0)
19
(
2.0)
19.5
(
3.4)
30
(
2.3)
34.9
(
4.2)
Middle
school
......................
5
(
0.9)
2.3
(
1.0)
55
(
2.8)
128.6
(
13.8)
1,530
(
162)
51
(
2.3)
73.3
(
10.4)
44
(
2.5)
31.5
(
3.4)
47
(
2.6)
23.8
(
2.3)
High
school
.........................
8
(
1.0)
4.4
(
0.9)
56
(
3.0)
197.5
(
14.3)
1,704
(
124)
55
(
2.9)
93.1
(
9.4)
55
(
3.1)
64.6
(
5.7)
52
(
2.7)
39.9
(
2.9)

Size
of
enrollment
Less
than
300
.....................
 
 
0.2
(
0.2)
34
(
4.4)
37.7
(
7.1)
1,013
(
173)
17
(
2.9)
15.6
(
3.7)
18
(
3.1)
9.9
(
2.3)
23
(
3.9)
12.3
(
2.4)
300
to
999
...........................
2
(
0.5)
3.0
(
1.2)
50
(
2.5)
193.4
(
15.0)
692
(
55)
26
(
1.4)
87.9
(
10.7)
30
(
1.8)
51.4
(
4.4)
40
(
1.7)
54.0
(
4.1)
1,000
or
more
......................
16
(
1.8)
3.9
(
0.8)
56
(
3.2)
170.8
(
17.3)
1,602
(
158)
67
(
3.0)
84.4
(
11.5)
68
(
3.2)
54.2
(
5.3)
62
(
3.3)
32.2
(
3.6)

Locale
City
......................................
8
(
1.3)
4.5
(
1.2)
42
(
4.1)
134.8
(
14.9)
1,070
(
123)
30
(
2.4)
62.1
(
9.2)
34
(
2.7)
39.9
(
4.2)
41
(
3.2)
32.8
(
3.4)
Urban
fringe
........................
3
(
0.7)
1.5
(
0.6)
47
(
3.2)
105.9
(
15.7)
845
(
122)
28
(
2.6)
54.8
(
11.5)
29
(
2.4)
28.3
(
4.1)
37
(
2.9)
22.8
(
3.5)
Town
....................................
1
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.4)
58
(
3.7)
101.0
(
8.9)
995
(
93)
32
(
2.3)
46.3
(
5.8)
36
(
3.5)
29.0
(
3.5)
44
(
3.5)
25.7
(
2.8)
Rural
....................................
1
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.3)
39
(
4.1)
60.2
(
8.5)
854
(
120)
21
(
2.6)
24.7
(
4.3)
24
(
3.3)
18.3
(
3.6)
30
(
3.7)
17.2
(
2.7)

Region
Northeast
.............................
3
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.4)
45
(
4.7)
64.2
(
12.3)
768
(
138)
23
(
2.3)
29.1
(
6.8)
26
(
3.3)
18.1
(
4.8)
37
(
3.6)
17.1
(
2.4)
Southeast
............................
2
(
0.6)
1.3
(
0.7)
50
(
3.9)
91.3
(
11.4)
883
(
116)
29
(
2.7)
50.7
(
8.8)
32
(
3.6)
23.3
(
3.1)
36
(
3.1)
17.3
(
1.8)
Central
.................................
3
(
0.8)
2.1
(
1.0)
40
(
4.1)
87.2
(
13.4)
876
(
127)
26
(
2.6)
45.6
(
10.0)
26
(
2.7)
23.0
(
2.8)
30
(
3.6)
18.6
(
2.7)
West
....................................
4
(
0.8)
2.2
(
0.5)
52
(
3.7)
159.2
(
12.1)
1,164
(
94)
32
(
3.0)
62.5
(
7.3)
38
(
3.0)
51.2
(
5.0)
47
(
3.5)
45.5
(
4.4)

Percent
minority
enrollment
Less
than
5
percent
............
1
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.1)
41
(
3.5)
64.5
(
8.5)
674
(
86)
22
(
2.4)
24.3
(
3.3)
24
(
2.8)
21.4
(
3.6)
29
(
3.3)
18.7
(
2.8)
5
to
19
percent
....................
2
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.2)
47
(
3.6)
84.7
(
9.7)
830
(
87)
27
(
3.0)
35.6
(
5.1)
28
(
3.1)
29.4
(
4.5)
40
(
3.0)
19.7
(
2.9)
20
to
49
percent
..................
3
(
0.8)
1.5
(
0.5)
47
(
3.6)
98.3
(
13.6)
968
(
125)
32
(
2.9)
54.0
(
9.3)
31
(
3.3)
25.9
(
4.0)
38
(
3.5)
18.5
(
2.2)
50
percent
or
more
.............
7
(
1.1)
4.8
(
1.4)
53
(
3.9)
147.9
(
20.0)
1,229
(
163)
32
(
3.1)
72.6
(
13.7)
41
(
3.5)
34.8
(
4.6)
47
(
3.3)
40.4
(
5.2)

Percent
of
students
eligible
for
free
or
reduced­
price
school
lunch
Less
than
20
percent
..........
1
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.3)
46
(
3.2)
88.8
(
9.8)
787
(
80)
29
(
2.5)
40.0
(
5.5)
30
(
2.7)
29.5
(
3.9)
37
(
3.6)
19.3
(
2.3)
20
to
34
percent
..................
3
(
0.7)
1.6
(
0.6)
42
(
4.3)
78.6
(
11.0)
858
(
127)
27
(
2.9)
34.9
(
7.7)
25
(
2.9)
26.1
(
4.4)
34
(
4.0)
17.7
(
2.3)
35
to
49
percent
..................
3
(
1.1)
0.9
(
0.4)
48
(
5.0)
69.6
(
11.2)
1,024
(
172)
28
(
3.4)
33.3
(
7.0)
35
(
4.8)
21.6
(
3.8)
38
(
4.4)
14.7
(
2.0)
50
to
74
percent
..................
4
(
1.0)
2.0
(
1.0)
49
(
4.5)
88.5
(
14.3)
1,099
(
170)
28
(
3.4)
45.9
(
9.9)
31
(
3.6)
22.4
(
3.4)
39
(
3.6)
20.2
(
2.6)
75
percent
or
more
.............
6
(
1.2)
2.0
(
0.5)
49
(
4.7)
70.4
(
10.1)
1,044
(
141)
25
(
3.0)
28.8
(
5.9)
35
(
3.9)
15.8
(
2.7)
42
(
3.9)
25.8
(
4.3)

NOTE:
Serious
violent
crime
means
that
at
least
one
of
the
following
crimes
occurred
at
the
school
and
police
were
contacted:
murder,
rape
or
other
type
of
sexual
battery,
suicide,
physical
attack
or
fight
with
weapon,
or
robbery.
Less
serious
or
nonviolent
crime
means
that
no
serious
violent
crimes
occurred
and
the
police
were
called:
physical
attack
or
fight
without
weapon,
theft/
larceny,
or
vandalism.
No
incidents
means
that
the
school
reporting
did
not
contact
the
police
for
any
of
the
specified
crimes.
Specified
crimes
may
have
occurred
but
police
were
not
contacted,
or
other,
nonspecified
crimes
may
have
occurred
at
the
school.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Violence
and
Discipline
Problems
in
U.
S.
Public
Schools:
1996
 
97.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
168
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ATTENDANCE
Table
151.
 
Ages
for
compulsory
school
attendance,
special
education
services
for
students,
policies
for
year­
round
schools
and
kindergarten
programs,
by
state:
1997
and
2000
State
Compulsory
attendance,
2000
Compulsory
special
education
services
1997
1
Year­
round
schools,
2000
Provision
of
kindergarten
education,
2000
Has
policy
on
year­
round
schools
Has
districts
with
yearround
schools
School
districts
required
to
offer
Attendance
required
Half
day
Full
day
Half
day
Full
day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Alabama
....................
7
to
16
6
to
21
X
X
X
Alaska
........................
7
to
16
3
to
22
X
Arizona
......................
2
6
to
16
3
to
22
X
X
X
X
Arkansas
....................
3
5
to
17
5
to
21
X
X
X
X
California
...................
4
6
to
18
Birth
to
21
X
X
X
Colorado
....................
 
3
to
21
X
Connecticut
................
7
to
16
5
Under
21
X
Delaware
...................
6
5
to
16
3
to
20
X
X
District
of
Columbia
...
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Florida
........................
6
to
18
 
X
X
X
X
Georgia
......................
6
to
16
5
Under
21
X
X
Hawaii
........................
6
to
18
Under
20
X
X
X
Idaho
..........................
7
to
16
3
to
21
X
Illinois
.........................
7
to
16
3
to
21
X
X
7X
Indiana
.......................
7
to
16
3
to
22
X
X
Iowa
...........................
8
6
to
16
Under
21
X
X
7X
Kansas
.......................
9
7
to
18
(
10)
Kentucky
....................
11
6
to
16
Under
21
X
X
X
Louisiana
...................
7
to
17
3
to
21
X
X
Maine
.........................
7
to
17
12
5
to
19
X
Maryland
....................
5
to
16
Under
21
X
X
X
Massachusetts
...........
6
to
16
3
to
21
X
Michigan
....................
6
to
16
Under
26
Minnesota
..................
13
7
to
18
Under
22
X
X
7X
Mississippi
.................
6
to
17
Birth
to
20
X
Missouri
.....................
7
to
16
Under
21
X
7X
Montana
.....................
14
7
to
16
3
to
18
X
Nebraska
...................
7
to
16
Birth
to
21
X
Nevada
......................
7
to
17
Under
22
X
X
X
New
Hampshire
.........
6
to
16
3
to
21
New
Jersey
................
6
to
16
5
to
21
X
New
Mexico
...............
5
to
18
(
15)
X
X
X
New
York
...................
16
6
to
16
Under
21
North
Carolina
...........
7
to
16
5
to
20
X
X
X
North
Dakota
.............
7
to
16
17
3
to
20
18X
Ohio
...........................
6
to
18
Under
22
X
7X
X
Oklahoma
..................
5
to
18
19
3
and
up
X
X
X
Oregon
.......................
7
to
18
3
to
21
X
X
Pennsylvania
.............
8
to
17
6
to
21
X
X
X
Rhode
Island
.............
6
to
16
3
to
21
X
X
South
Carolina
...........
5
to
16
3
to
21
X
X
X
South
Dakota
.............
6
to
16
Under
21
18X
Tennessee
.................
6
to
17
3
to
21
X
X
X
Texas
.........................
6
to
18
20
3
to
21
X
X
18X
Utah
...........................
6
to
18
3
to
22
X
X
X
X
Vermont
.....................
7
to
16
3
to
21
18X
Virginia
.......................
5
to
18
2
to
21
X
18X
X
Washington
................
13
8
to
18
21
3
to
21
X
West
Virginia
.............
6
to
16
5
to
21
X
X
X
X
Wisconsin
..................
6
to
18
Under
21
X
X
Wyoming
....................
2
6
to
16
3
to
21
X
 
Not
available.
1
Most
states
have
an
upper
age
limit
whereby
education
is
provided
up
to
a
certain
age
or
completion
of
secondary
school,
whichever
comes
first.
2
Ages
6
to
16
or
10th
grade
completion.
3
Must
have
turned
17
by
October
1.
4
At
least
16
and
have
graduated
high
school
or
passed
California
High
School
Proficiency
Exam
(
CHSPE)
and
obtained
parental
permission.
5
Under
21
or
until
child
graduates
from
high
school.
6
Must
have
turned
5
by
August
31.
7
State
requires
either
half­
day
or
full­
day
program.
8
Must
have
turned
16
by
September
15.
9
Eligible
for
waiver
at
16.
10
School
age,
to
be
determined
in
accordance
with
rules
and
regulations
adopted
by
the
state
board.
11
Must
have
turned
6
by
October
1.
12
Must
be
5
before
October
1,
and
not
20
before
start
of
school
year,
assistance
in
providing
coordination
of
services
from
birth
to
age
6.
13
Eligible
for
waiver.
14
Age
16
and
completion
of
eighth
grade.
15
School­
age
unless
otherwise
provided
by
law
16
Age
16
and
completion
of
school
year.
17
Must
not
be
21
by
September
1.
18
State
requires
both
half­
day
and
full­
day
program.
19
Children
from
birth
through
two
are
eligible
for
additional
services.
Eligibility
for
special
education
services
cease
upon
completion
of
a
secondary
education
program,
no
age
limit.
20
For
visually
and
auditorily
impaired
individuals
under
21.
21Student
may
complete
school
year
if
21st
birthday
occurs
while
attending
school.

NOTE:
The
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
(
EHA)
Amendments
of
1986
make
it
mandatory
for
all
states
receiving
EHA
funds
to
serve
all
3­
to
18­
year­
old
disabled
children

SOURCE:
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers,
Key
State
Education
Policies
on
K­
12
Education
2000;
Education
Commission
of
the
States,
``
Clearinghouse
Notes,''
August
1997;
California
Department
of
Education,
Safe
Schools
and
Violence
Prevention
Office,
School
Attendance
Review
Boards,
Feb.
2001.
(
This
table
was
prepared
in
May
2001.)
169
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
ATTENDANCE
Table
152.
 
Tenth­
and
twelfth­
graders'
attendance
patterns,
by
selected
student
and
school
characteristics:
1990
and
1992
Attendance
pattern
All
students
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Socioeconomic
status
Control
of
school
attended
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
Low
Middle
High
Public
Catholic
Other
private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Percent
of
10th­
graders
in
1990
Number
of
days
missed
first
half
of
current
school
year
None
...............................................
14.3
17.1
11.6
13.0
21.2
12.5
23.1
12.0
13.1
15.0
14.9
14.0
18.3
15.1
1
or
2
days
.....................................
23.2
24.9
21.5
22.8
27.2
20.6
28.6
12.5
20.0
23.0
26.6
22.6
26.4
33.6
3
or
4
days
.....................................
27.7
27.1
28.3
28.8
24.5
25.0
23.9
33.7
25.3
27.6
29.5
27.9
26.6
27.7
5
or
more
days
...............................
34.8
30.9
38.7
35.4
27.1
41.9
24.4
41.9
41.6
34.3
29.0
35.4
28.8
23.5
Number
of
times
late
first
half
of
current
school
year
None
...............................................
25.2
25.4
24.9
27.8
17.8
17.8
22.0
18.6
23.9
25.7
26.6
25.3
27.7
17.9
1
or
2
days
.....................................
38.2
38.1
38.3
38.0
41.1
36.7
39.7
31.3
37.4
38.6
38.2
37.8
39.8
44.6
3
or
more
days
...............................
36.7
36.6
36.8
34.2
41.1
45.5
38.3
50.1
38.7
35.7
35.2
36.9
32.4
37.5
Cut
classes
Never
or
almost
never
...................
84.8
83.5
86.2
85.8
86.5
75.8
87.1
81.4
82.3
84.5
89.0
84.0
95.2
90.9
At
least
sometimes
........................
15.2
16.5
13.8
14.2
13.5
24.2
12.9
18.6
17.7
15.5
11.0
16.0
4.8
9.1
Percent
of
12th­
graders
in
1992
Number
of
days
missed
first
half
of
current
school
year
None
...............................................
8.7
10.5
6.9
7.4
15.8
6.9
15.6
11.3
8.7
8.6
8.8
8.6
10.2
9.1
1
or
2
days
.....................................
30.3
30.8
29.9
29.9
31.0
31.6
34.3
22.4
27.5
30.8
31.7
30.2
31.2
32.7
3
to
6
days
.....................................
35.0
35.0
35.1
36.2
31.2
34.4
27.4
37.8
34.0
34.0
37.7
34.8
37.5
37.8
7
or
more
days
...............................
25.9
23.7
28.2
26.5
22.1
27.1
22.7
28.6
29.8
26.6
21.8
26.4
21.1
20.5
Number
of
times
late
first
half
of
current
school
year
None
...............................................
19.0
17.7
20.3
20.6
14.0
14.7
16.2
19.1
19.7
19.0
18.7
19.2
19.5
12.3
1
or
2
days
.....................................
33.5
32.4
34.5
34.4
32.1
28.7
33.8
25.3
32.8
34.2
33.1
33.0
36.4
37.6
3
or
more
days
...............................
47.6
49.9
45.2
45.0
53.9
56.6
50.0
55.6
47.5
46.8
48.2
47.8
44.1
50.1
Cut
classes
Never
or
almost
never
...................
75.6
72.8
78.4
76.5
77.7
67.9
72.7
73.7
76.2
75.6
75.4
74.3
87.1
86.3
At
least
sometimes
........................
24.4
27.2
21.6
23.5
22.3
32.1
27.3
26.3
23.8
24.4
24.6
25.7
12.9
13.7
NOTE:
Socioeconomic
status
was
measured
by
a
composite
score
on
parental
education
and
occupations,
and
family
income.
The
``
low''
SES
group
is
the
lowest
quartile;
the
``
middle''
SES
group
is
the
middle
two
quartiles;
and
the
``
high''
SES
group
is
the
upper
quartile.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
First
and
Second
Followup
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
1994.)
170
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
153.
 
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
State
All
courses
Subject
areas
First
graduating
class
to
which
these
requirements
apply
Minimum
competency
test
is
required
to
graduate
Notes
English/

language
arts
Social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Physical
education/

health
Arts/

vocation
Technology
Electives
Other
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Alabama
....................................
24
4
4
4
4
1.5
0.5
0.5
5.5
 
2000
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
world
history/

geography,
2
units
of
U.
S.
history/
geography,
.5
units
of
economics
and
.5
units
of
government.
Math
requirement
includes
algebra
I
and
geometry.
Science
includes
1
unit
of
biology
and
1
unit
of
physical
science.
Physical
education
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
PE
and
.5
units
of
health.

6
levels
of
diploma
offered.
Numbers
given
are
for
basic
academic
program.

Alaska
........................................
21
4
3
2
2
1
0
0
9
 
1978
Yes
(
class
of
2004)
PE
requirement
includes
health
or
PE.

Arizona
......................................
20
4
2.5
2
2
0
1
0
8.5
 
1996
Yes
(
class
of
2002)
English
requirement
includes
.5
credits
of
the
principles
of
speech
and
debate.
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
world
history/
geography
and
1.5
units
of
U.
S./

Arizona
history
and
constitutions.

Arkansas
....................................
21
4
3
3
3
1
0.5
0
6
.5
(
oral
communication)
2004
No
Information
is
for
College
Preparatory
diploma.
4th
unit
of
mathematics
for
students
seeking
unconditional
college
admission
will
be
required
in
2004.

California
...................................
13
3
3
2
2
2
1
0
0
 
1989
Yes
(
class
of
2004)
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history/

geography;
1
unit
of
world
history,
culture
and
geography;

.5
units
of
American
government
and
.5
units
of
economics.

Science
includes
biological
and
physical
sciences.
Foreign
language
or
American
Sign
Language
may
be
substituted
for
visual/
performing
art
credit.

Colorado
1
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No
 
Connecticut
................................
20
4
3
3
2
1
1
0
6
 
2004
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
civics
and
American
government.
By
September
1,
2002,
each
local
and
regional
board
of
education
must
specify
basic
skills
required
for
graduation
for
the
graduating
class
of
2006
and
thereafter.
Plans
must
include
criteria
for
assessing
student
competencies.
The
results
of
the
10th
grade
Connecticut
Academic
Performance
Test
cannot
be
used
as
the
sole
basis
for
the
graduation
criteria
but
must
be
included
as
one
alternative.

Delaware
...................................
22
4
3
3
3
1.5
0
1
3.5
3
(
career
pathway)
2000
Yes
PE
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
1
unit
in
PE.

Level
of
diploma
(
basic,
standard,
or
distinguished)
partially
determined
by
students'
score
on
Delaware
Student
Testing
Program
(
DSTP).

District
of
Columbia
...................
23.5
4
3.5
3
3
1.5
2
0
4.5
2
(
foreign
language)
1995
No
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
1
unit
of
world
history,
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government,
.5
units
of
world
geography
and
.5
units
of
D.
C.
history/
government.

Math
requirement
includes
algebra.
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
laboratory
science.
Students
must
complete
100
hours
of
community
service
in
order
to
graduate.

Florida
........................................
24
4
3
3
3
1.5
1
0
8.5
 
2003
Yes
(
class
of
2003)
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
American
history,

1
unit
of
world
history,
.5
units
of
economics
and
.5
units
of
American
government.
Two
science
units
must
have
a
laboratory
component.
Math
requirement
includes
successful
completion
of
algebra
I.
The
PE
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
life
management
skills
and
1
unit
of
PE.
Students
must
achieve
a
2.0
GPA
to
graduate.

Georgia
2,3
.................................
22
4
3
4
3
1
0
0
4
3
(
2
units
of
foreign
language;
plus
1
unit
of
the
following:
computer
technology
fine
arts,
technology/
career
preparatory,
or
1
additional
unit
of
foreign
language)
2001
Yes
College
Preparatory
Plus
Diploma
requires
2
more
academic
electives.
171
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
153.
 
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
 
Continued
State
All
courses
Subject
areas
First
graduating
class
to
which
these
requirements
apply
Minimum
competency
test
is
required
to
graduate
Notes
English/

language
arts
Social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Physical
education/

health
Arts/

vocation
Technology
Electives
Other
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Hawaii
........................................
22
4
4
3
3
1.5
0
0
6
.5
(
guidance)
1997
No
Social
studies
requires
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history
and
government,

1
unit
of
world
history
and
culture,
.5
unit
of
world
geography
.5
unit
of
modern
history
of
Hawaii,
and
1
unit
of
social
studies
elective.
PE
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
1
unit
in
PE.

Idaho
..........................................
21
4.5
2.5
2
2
0.5
0
0
8.5
1
(
humanities)
2001
No
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
1
unit
of
government
and
.5
units
of
economics.
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
laboratory
science.

Illinois
.........................................
16
3
2
2
1
0.5
0
0
7.5
1
(
music,
art,
foreign
language,

American
sign
language,
or
vocational
education)
1988
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history
or
a
combination
of
U.
S.
history
and
American
government.

Physical
education
must
be
provided
daily,
and
PE
credit
assignments
are
to
be
determined
locally.
Students
must
take
.5
unit
or
equivalent
of
health
education.
Local
school
district
must
provide
the
following:
9
weeks,
50
minutes
a
day,
of
consumer
education;
conservation
of
natural
resources
driver
and
safety
education
with
30
hours
of
classroom
instruction
and
6
hours
of
behind
the
wheel.
Elective
requirements
are
determined
locally,
but
must
fulfill
16
total
credit
minimum.

Indiana
.......................................
20
4
2
2
2
1
0
0
81
(
language
arts,
science,

mathematics
social
studies,
or
technology
competency)
2004
Yes
1
unit
of
English/
language
arts
may
be
from
business
studies,

technology,
family
and
consumer
sciences,
technology
education
or
vocational­
technical
courses.
PE
requirement
includes
health
and
PE.
Students
who
successfully
complete
a
Level
III
foreign
language
course
may
have
1
unit
of
the
language
arts
requirement
waived.

Iowa
1
.........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No
 
Kansas
.......................................
21
4
3
2
2
1
0
0
9
.5
(
Kansas
history;
taken
between
7th
and
12th
grades)
2001
No
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history
and
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government.
Science
includes
1
unit
of
laboratory
course.
PE
requirement
may
include
.5
units
of
health.
Kansas
also
requires
.5
units
of
Kansas
history
taken
between
the
7th
and
12th
grades.

Kentucky
....................................
22
4
3
3
3
1
1
0
7
 
2002
No
Social
studies
includes
world
civilizations,
world
geography,

U.
S.
history,
government,
and
economics.
Mathematics
includes
algebra
I,
geometry
and
one
elective.
Science
includes
life
science,
physical
science,
and
earth
and
space
science.
PE
requirement
includes
.5
unit
of
health
and
.5
unit
of
PE.
A
local
board
of
education
may
substitute
an
integrated
applied,
interdisciplinary
or
higher
level
course
for
a
required
course.

Louisiana
...................................
23
4
3
3
3
2
0
0
8
 
2003
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
American
history
1
unit
of
world
history
or
geography
or
civilization,
.5
units
of
civics,
and
.5
units
of
free
enterprise.
Math
includes
a
maximum
of
2
entry
level
courses.
Science
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
biology
I,
1
unit
of
physical
science
and
1
unit
from
any
other
course
not
already
taken
from
physical
science.
PE
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
1.5
units
in
PE.

Maine
.........................................
16
4
2
2
2
1.5
1
0
3.5
 
1989
No
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
American
history,

and
.5
unit
of
Maine
studies
(
if
not
taken
between
grades
6
 
8).
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
laboratory
study.
PE
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
1
unit
in
PE.

Student
must
pass
computer
proficiency
standards.
172
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
153.
 
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
 
Continued
State
All
courses
Subject
areas
First
graduating
class
to
which
these
requirements
apply
Minimum
competency
test
is
required
to
graduate
Notes
English/

language
arts
Social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Physical
education/

health
Arts/

vocation
Technology
Electives
Other
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Maryland
....................................
21
4
3
3
3
1
1
1
3
2
(
foreign
language
or
advanced
technology
1997
Yes
(
class
of
2007)
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
1
unit
of
world
history,
and
1
unit
of
government.
Math
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
algebra
and
1
unit
of
geometry.

Science
requirement
includes
laboratory
experience.
PE
requirement
includes
.5
unit
of
health
and
.5
unit
of
PE.

Massachusetts
1
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yes
(
class
of
2003)
American
history
and
civics
and
PE
required.

Michigan
1
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No
Students
must
complete
one
course
in
government/
civics.

Although
not
required
for
graduation,
state
law
requires
health
and
physical
education
to
be
provided
for
all
students.

Minnesota
..................................
24
5
4
3
2
3
0
0
3
4
(
2
units
of
inquiry,
2
units
of
resource
management)
(
4)
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
U.
S.
history,
U.
S.

citizenship
diverse
perspectives,
and
human
geography.
Science
requirement
includes
biology,
chemistry,
earth
and
space
systems,
physics,
and
environmental
systems.

Mississippi
.................................
20
4
3
3
3
0.5
1
1
4.5
 
2002
Yes
(
class
of
2002)
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
world
history,

1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government,
and
.5
units
of
Mississippi
studies.
Math
requirement
includes
algebra
I
and
geometry.
Science
must
include
biology
I.
There
is
no
PE
requirement,
only
.5
units
of
health.

Missouri
.....................................
22
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
10
 
1988
No
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
American
history
and
.5
units
of
government.
Arts
education
includes
1
unit
of
fine
arts
and
1
unit
of
practical
arts
(
vocational/
technical
skills).

Montana
.....................................
20
4
2
2
2
1
2
0
7
 
1993
No
In
accordance
with
the
policies
of
the
local
board
of
trustees,

students
may
be
graduated
from
high
school
with
less
than
four
years
enrollment.
Arts
education
includes
1
unit
of
fine
arts
and
1
unit
of
practical
arts
(
vocational/
technical
skills).

Nebraska
...................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1991
No
Nebraska
requires
a
minimum
of
200
high
school
credit
hours
(
at
least
80%
of
which
must
be
taken
in
language
arts,

social
studies,
mathematics,
science,
PE/
health,
visual/

performing
arts,
and
foreign
language).

Nevada
4
....................................
22.5
4
2
3
2
2.5
1
0.5
7.5
 
2003
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
American
government
and
1
unit
of
American
history.
PE
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
2
units
of
PE.
Computer
literacy
requirement
may
be
waived
by
demonstration
of
competency
Data
are
for
standard
diploma.

New
Hampshire
.........................
19.75
4
2
2
2
1.25
0.5
0.5
7
.5
(
business/
economic
education)
1989
No
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
and
New
Hampshire
history
and
government.
Science
requirement
is
1
unit
of
physical
science
and
1
unit
of
biological
science.

PE
requirement
includes
.25
units
of
health
and
1
unit
of
PE.
Computer
education
requirement
may
be
met
through
examination
or
course
prior
to
high
school.

New
Jersey
................................
22
4
3
3
3
0.75
2
0
6.25
2
(
foreign
language)
2005
Yes
(
class
of
2004)
 
New
Mexico
...............................
23
4
3
3
2
1
0
0
9
1
(
communication
skills
or
foreign
language
1990
Yes
Social
studies
includes
U.
S.
history/
geography,
world
history/

geography,
and
government/
economics.
Science
requirement
includes
1
lab
component.
With
the
approval
of
the
local
school
board,
participation
on
an
athletic
team
or
in
an
athletic
sport
during
the
school
day
may
count
toward
fulfillment
of
the
physical
education
required
unit.
173
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
153.
 
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
 
Continued
State
All
courses
Subject
areas
First
graduating
class
to
which
these
requirements
apply
Minimum
competency
test
is
required
to
graduate
Notes
English/

language
arts
Social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Physical
education/

health
Arts/

vocation
Technology
Electives
Other
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
New
York
...................................
22
4
4
3
3
2.5
1
0
3.5
1
(
foreign
language)
2005
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history
and
government,
.5
units
of
government
and
.5
units
of
economics
Students
may
meet
the
learning
standards
in
technology
either
through
a
course
in
technology
education
or
through
an
integrated
course
combining
technology
with
mathematics
and/
or
science.
A
commencement­
level
course
in
technology
education
may
be
used
as
the
third
unit
of
credit
in
science
or
mathematics,
but
not
both.
Data
are
for
Regents
diploma.
Advanced
Regents
diploma
available.

North
Carolina
2
.........................
20
4
3
4
3
1
(
3)
0
3
2
(
foreign
language)
2004
Yes
(
class
of
2005)
4th
mathematics
credit
required
for
9th
graders
in
the
College/

University
Prep
course
of
study
entering
high
school
in
2002
 
03.
An
Occupational
Course
of
study
with
different
requirements
is
available
starting
in
2000
 
01
for
students
with
Individualized
Education
Plans.
Students
must
demonstrate
computer
proficiency
through
state
testing.

North
Dakota
1
...........................
17
4
3
2
2
1
0
0
5
 
N/
A
No
Data
are
state
minimums,
but
actual
requirements
are
determined
locally.
N.
D.
Department
of
Education
recommends
20
credits
in
order
to
graduate.

Ohio
...........................................
21
4
3
3
3
1
0
0
7
 
2004
Yes
(
class
of
2005)
Social
studies
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
U.
S.
history
and
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government.
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
biology
and
1
unit
of
physical
science.
PE
requirement
consists
of
.5
units
of
PE
and
.5
units
of
health.

Starting
9/
15/
01
one
elective
unit
or
2
half­
units
must
include
business/
technology,
fine
arts,
or
foreign
language.

Oklahoma
..................................
23
4
3
3
3
0
2
0
8
 
2003
Yes
English/
language
arts
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
grammar/

composition.
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
.5
units
of
Oklahoma
history,
a
minimum
of
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government.
Math
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
algebra
I.
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
biology
I.
State
strongly
encourages
students
to
complete
2
units
of
a
foreign
language.

Oregon
.......................................
22
3
3
2
2
2
1
0
9
 
2001
No
English/
language
arts
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
writing
composition.
Arts/
vocation
requirement
may
be
met
by
earning
1
unit
in
any
one
or
a
combination
of
applied
arts,

fine
arts
or
foreign
language.

Pennsylvania
5
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
N/
A
Yes
(
class
of
2003)
Beginning
in
2002
 
03,
in
order
to
graduate,
students
shall
demonstrate
proficiency
in
reading,
writing
and
mathematics
on
either
state
or
local
assessments
in
grade
11
or
12.

Rhode
Island
2
...........................
18
4
2
3
2
0
0.5
0.5
4
2
(
foreign
language)
1990
No
Students
must
take
100
minutes
per
week
of
PE/
health.

South
Carolina
2
.........................
24
4
3
4
3
1
0
1
7
1
(
foreign
language)
2001
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government
and
.5
units
of
economics.
PE
requirement
may
be
met
through
participation
in
JROTC
program
For
students
in
a
Tech
Prep
Program,
1
unit
must
be
earned
in
occupation
education
instead
of
a
foreign
language
Demonstration
of
computer
literacy
before
graduation
also
required.

South
Dakota
.............................
22
4
3
2
2
0
1
0.5
8.5
1
(
additional
unit
of
either
mathematics
or
science)
2004
No
English/
language
arts
requirement
includes
1.5
units
of
writing
1.5
units
of
literature,
.5
units
of
American
literature
and
.5
units
of
speech.
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
.5
units
of
U.
S.
government
and
.5
units
of
geography.

Tennessee
.................................
20
4
3
3
3
1
0
0
6
 
1998
Yes
Science
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
life
science
and
1
unit
of
physical
science.
All
science
courses
must
incorporate
lab
experiences.
One
full
year
of
computer
education
required
at
some
time
during
high
school
career,
no
credit
value
assigned.
174
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
153.
 
State
requirements
for
high
school
graduation,
in
Carnegie
units:
2001
 
Continued
State
All
courses
Subject
areas
First
graduating
class
to
which
these
requirements
apply
Minimum
competency
test
is
required
to
graduate
Notes
English/

language
arts
Social
studies
Mathematics
Science
Physical
education/

health
Arts/

vocation
Technology
Electives
Other
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Texas
.........................................
22
4
3
3
2
2
0
1
5.5
.5
(
speech),
1
(
World
History
Studies,

Geography
Studies,
or
any
science
course
approved
by
the
State
Board
of
Education)
2001
Yes
Social
studies
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
world
history
or
world
geography,
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history,
.5
units
of
U.
S.

government
and
.5
units
of
economics.
Math
requirement
includes
algebra
I.
Science
requirement
must
include
1
unit
from
biology,
chemistry,
or
physics.
PE
requirement
includes
.5
units
of
health
and
1.5
units
of
PE.

Utah
...........................................
24
3
3
2
2
2
1.5
1
9.5
 
1997
Yes
(
class
of
2005)
Required
elective
areas
are
divided
into
college
entry
or
applied
technology/
job
entry
clusters.
Information
technology
requirement
optional.
Library
media
skills
integrated
into
subject
areas.

Vermont
.....................................
20
4
3
3
3
1.5
1
0
4.5
 
2002
No
Beginning
in
2005
local
school
districts
will
have
the
option
of
fulfilling
current
Carnegie
requirements
with
field
of
knowledge
assessment.
Field
of
knowledge
assessment
is
part
of
Vermont's
system
of
standards,
which
includes
arts,

language
and
literature,
history
and
social
sciences,
and
science,
mathematics,
and
technology.

Virginia
.......................................
22
4
3
3
3
2
1
0
6
 
2002
Yes
(
class
of
2004)
Data
are
for
Standard
Diploma.
Beginning
in
2004,
Standard
of
Learning
tests
must
be
passed
in
5
subjects
areas.

Washington
................................
19
3
2.5
2
2
2
1
0
5.5
1
(
occupational
education)
2008
Yes
(
class
of
2008)
Social
studies
requirement
consists
of
1
unit
of
U.
S.
history/

government,
.5
units
of
Washington
state
history/

government
and
1
unit
of
world
history/
geography.
Science
requires
1
unit
of
laboratory
science.
Each
student
shall
complete
a
culminating
project
for
graduation.

West
Virginia
.............................
24
4
3
3
3
2
1
0
44
(
career
majors)
2003
No
Math
requirement
includes
algebra
I
and
1
higher
math.

Science
includes
coordinated
and
thematic
science
and
1
higher
science.
PE
requirement
includes
1
unit
of
health
and
1
unit
of
PE.
Work­
based
learning
experience
(

determined
by
local
school
district)
required.

Wisconsin
..................................
13
4
3
2
2
2
0
0
0
 
2004
Yes
(
class
of
2004)
PE
consists
of
1.5
units
of
PE
and
.5
units
of
health.
State
strongly
encourages
school
boards
to
require
additional
8.5
elective
units.
School
boards
may
also
require
community
service
as
a
graduation
criterion.

Wyoming
....................................
13
4
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
 
2003
Yes
(
class
of
2003)
Social
studies
requirement
includes
history,
American
government
and
economic
systems
and
institutions.
Exit
exam
covers
principles
of
the
Constitutions
of
the
U.
S.
and
Wyoming

 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

1
Graduation
requirements
are
determined
locally.

2
Data
for
College
Preparatory
Diploma.

3
Career
Preparatory
Diploma
also
available.

4
Graduation
requirements
are
currently
being
phased
in
by
local
school
districts.
However,
as
of
yet,
no
statewide
deadline
exists
dictating
when
this
should
occur.

5
State
minimum
credit
requirements
have
been
phased
out
in
Pennsylvania.
Each
school
district
(
including
charter
schools)
shall
specify
requirements
for
graduation
in
a
strategic
plan
requiring
state
approval.
To
graduate,
students
must
demonstrate
proficiency
in
reading,
writing,
and
mathematics
on
either
state
or
local
assessments
aligned
with
state
guidelines.
NOTE:
Local
school
districts
frequently
have
other
graduation
requirements
in
addition
to
state
requirements.
English/

language
arts
 
can
include
English,
Reading,
Literature,
Creative
Writing,
etc.
Mathematics
 
can
include
Basic
Math,

Algebra
I
and
II,
Geometry,
Pre­
Calculus,
Calculus,
Statistics,
etc.
Social
studies
 
can
include
World
History,
U.
S.

History
Geography,
Economics,
Government,
etc.
Science
 
can
include
Biology,
Chemistry,
Physics,
Anatomy,
Earth
Science,
etc.
Arts/
vocation
 
can
include
Fine
Arts,
Practical
Arts,
Vocational,
or
Career
Preparatory
credits.

Technology
 
can
include
Computer
Literacy,
Computer
Technology,
Technology
Competency,
etc.

SOURCE:
State
Boards
of
Education;
and
Education
Commission
of
the
States,
Clearinghouse
Notes,
``
High
School
Graduation
Requirements''
November
1996
and
November
1998;
Education
Commission
of
the
States,
Clearinghouse
Notes,
``
Choice
of
Schools:
State
Actions''
June
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
175
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
154.
 
States
which
use
criterion­
referenced
assessments
aligned
to
state
standards,
by
level
and
subject
area:
2001
 
02
State
Criterion­
referenced
assessments,
by
level
and
subject
area
English/
language
arts
Mathematics
Science
Social
studies/
history
1
2
3
4
5
Alabama
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
HS
Alaska
..........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Arizona
........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Arkansas
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
California
.....................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
Colorado
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
MS
Connecticut
..................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
Delaware
.....................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
District
of
Columbia
.....
Florida
..........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Georgia
........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Hawaii
..........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Idaho
............................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS
Illinois
...........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Indiana
.........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Iowa
.............................
Kansas
.........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Kentucky
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Louisiana
.....................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Maine
...........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Maryland
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Massachusetts
.............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS
ES,
MS
Michigan
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Minnesota
....................
ES,
HS
ES,
HS
Mississippi
...................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
Missouri
.......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Montana
.......................
Nebraska
.....................
ES
Nevada
........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
HS
New
Hampshire
...........
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
MS,
HS
MS,
HS
New
Jersey
..................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS
ES
New
Mexico
.................
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
HS
New
York
.....................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
North
Carolina
.............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
North
Dakota
...............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Ohio
.............................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Oklahoma
....................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS
ES,
MS
ES,
MS,
HS
Oregon
.........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Pennsylvania
...............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Rhode
Island
...............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
South
Carolina
.............
ES,
MS
ES,
MS
ES,
MS
South
Dakota
...............
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Tennessee
...................
ES,
MS,
HS
HS
HS
Texas
...........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
MS,
HS
MS,
HS
Utah
.............................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Vermont
.......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
HS
Virginia
.........................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
Washington
..................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
West
Virginia
...............
ES,
MS,
HS
Wisconsin
....................
Wyoming
......................
ES,
MS,
HS
ES,
MS,
HS
ES=
elementary
school,
MS=
middle
school,
and
HS=
high
school.
SOURCE:
Education
Week,
January
10,
2002,
Number
17
 
2002,
Editorial
Projects
in
Education.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)
176
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
155.
 
States
using
minimum­
competency
testing,
by
grade
levels
assessed,
and
expected
uses
of
standards:
1998
 
99
State
Grade
levels
assessed
Expected
uses
Student
diagnosis
or
placement
1
Improvement
of
instruction
1
Program
evaluation
1
Student
diagnosis
or
placement
2
Student
promotion
2
High
school
graduation
2
Student
awards
or
recognition
3
Public
school
performance
reporting
3
Accreditation
3
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Alabama
.......................
3
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
Alaska
..........................
4,5,7,8,10,11
X
X
X
Arizona
.........................
3
 
12
X
X
X
Arkansas
......................
4,5,7,8,10
X
X
X
California
......................
2
 
12
4
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
(
6)

Colorado
......................
3
 
5,7
X
X
Connecticut
..................
4,6,8,10
X
X
X
X
X
X
Delaware
......................
3,5,8,10
X
X
Florida
..........................
4,5,8,10,11
X
X
X
X
X
Georgia
........................
K,
3,5,8,11
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)

Hawaii
..........................
3,5,7,9
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
(
6)
Idaho
............................
3
 
11
X
X
Illinois
...........................
3,5,8,10
7
X
X
X
X
Indiana
.........................
3,6,8,10
X
X
X
X
X
X
Iowa
.............................
4,8,11
X
Kansas
.........................
3
 
5,7,8,10
X
X
X
X
X
Kentucky
......................
3
 
12
X
X
X
X
Louisiana
.....................
3
 
11
X
X
X
Maine
...........................
4,8,11
7
X
X
Maryland
......................
3,5,8
X
X
X
X
X
X
Massachusetts
.............
4,8,10
Michigan
......................
4,5,7,8,11
X
X
X
X
X
Minnesota
....................
3,5,8,10
X
X
X
X
Mississippi
...................
4
 
9,11,12
X
X
X
X
Missouri
.......................
3,4,7,8,10,11
4,7
X
X
X
X
X
X
Montana
.......................
4,8,11
X
X
Nebraska
8
...................
Nevada
........................
4,8,10
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
Hampshire
...........
3,6,10
X
X
X
New
Jersey
..................
8,11
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
(
9)

New
Mexico
.................
1,2,4,6,8,10
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
York
.....................
4
 
6,8
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
(
6)
North
Carolina
.............
3
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
North
Dakota
...............
4,6,8,10
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
6)
Ohio
.............................
4,6,8
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
6)

Oklahoma
....................
3,5,7,8,11
X
X
X
X
X
Oregon
.........................
3,5,8,10
X
X
X
X
Pennsylvania
...............
5,6,8,9,11
X
Rhode
Island
...............
3
 
5,7
 
10
X
X
X
South
Carolina
.............
1,3
 
12
7
X
X
X
X
X
(
6)

South
Dakota
...............
2,4,5,8,9,11
X
X
X
Tennessee
...................
3
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
Texas
...........................
3
 
8,10
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Utah
.............................
1
 
6,8,11
4
X
X
X
X
X
Vermont
.......................
2,4,6,8,10
X
X
X
Virginia
.........................
3
 
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Washington
..................
2,4,7,8,10,11
4
X
X
X
X
West
Virginia
...............
3
 
11
X
X
X
X
X
(
5)
(
9)
Wisconsin
....................
3,4,8,10
X
X
X
Wyoming
......................
4,8
 
127
X
X
X
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.........
3,5,7,8,10
 
12
X
X
Puerto
Rico
..................
3,6,9,11
X
X
X
X
(
9)
Virgin
Islands
...............
3,5,6,8,11
X
X
X
X
1
Testing
program
is
for
instructional
purposes.
2
Testing
program
is
for
the
purpose
of
student
accountability.
3
Testing
program
is
for
school
accountability.
4
Inclusion
is
voluntary
for
students,
schools
or
school
districts
for
one
or
more
grades.
5
Endorsed
diploma.
6
Honors
diploma.
7
A
sample
of
students
is
tested
for
one
or
more
grades.
8
This
state
did
not
administer
any
statewide
assessments
for
the
1998
 
99
school
year.

9
High
school
skills
guarantee.

SOURCE:
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers,
``
Annual
Survey
of
State
Student
Assessment
Programs,
Spring
2001.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
177
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
REGULATIONS
Table
156.
 
States
requiring
testing
for
initial
certification
of
teachers,
by
authorization,
year
enacted,
year
effective,
and
test
used:
1990
and
1999
State
Assessment
for
certification,
1990
Assessment
for
certification,
1999
Basic
skills
exam
Subject
matter
exam
Knowledge
of
teaching
exam
Assessment
of
teaching
performance
Basic
skills
exam
Subject
matter
exam
General
knowledge
exam
Knowledge
of
teaching
exam
Assessment
of
teaching
performance
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Alabama
....................................
(
1)
(
2)
(
2)
X
Alaska
.......................................
X
Arizona
......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
Arkansas
...................................
X
X
X
X
X
California
...................................
X
X
(
3)
X
Colorado
...................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
Connecticut
...............................
X
X
X
X
X
Delaware
...................................
X
X
District
of
Columbia
..................
X
X
X
X
X
Florida
.......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Georgia
.....................................
X
X
X
X
Hawaii
.......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Idaho
.........................................
X
X
Illinois
........................................
X
X
X
X
Indiana
......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Iowa
..........................................
X
X
X
X
Kansas
......................................
X
X
X
X
Kentucky
4
.................................
X
(
1)
X
Louisiana
..................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Maine
........................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
Maryland
...................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Massachusetts
5
........................
Michigan
....................................
X
X
(
6)
Minnesota
.................................
X
X
Mississippi
.................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Missouri
.....................................
X
(
1)
X
Montana
....................................
X
X
X
Nebraska
...................................
X
X
Nevada
.....................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
Hampshire
........................
X
X
X
New
Jersey
...............................
X
X
(
7)
X
New
Mexico
..............................
X
X
X
X
X
X
New
York
..................................
X
X
X
X
North
Carolina
...........................
X
(
1)
X
X
North
Dakota
.............................
(
1)
X
X
Ohio
8
........................................
X
X
X
X
X
Oklahoma
..................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
Oregon
......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
(
9)
Pennsylvania
.............................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Rhode
Island
.............................
X
X
X
X
X
X
South
Carolina
..........................
X
X
X
X
X
X
South
Dakota
............................
X
X
X
Tennessee
................................
X
X
X
X
Texas
10
....................................
X
X
X
X
Utah
..........................................

Vermont
....................................
Virginia
......................................
X
X
X
X
X
X
Washington
...............................
X
(
1)
West
Virginia
11
.........................
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Wisconsin
..................................
X
X
Wyoming
...................................

1
For
admission
to
teacher
education
program.
2
Institution's
exit
exam.
3
Subject
matter
exam
or
completion
of
an
approved
subject
matter
program.
4
Fingerprint
check
is
required
for
employment.
5
In
1990,
test
required
for
foreign
language,
bilingual,
and
English
as
a
Second
Language
In
1999,
two­
part
exam
covers
communication
and
literacy
skills
and
the
subject
matter
knowledge
for
the
certificate.
6
Elementary
certificate
exam
(
subject­
area
exam).
7
For
elementary
education.
8
Test
requirements
in
1990
set
by
school
districts.
9
For
Oregon
graduates.
10
Screening
for
admission
to
a
teacher
preparation
program
includes
college
level
skills
in
reading,
oral
and
written
communication,
critical
thinking,
and
mathematics.
11
Required
for
individuals
entering
West
Virginia­
approved
education
programs
as
of
fall
1985.

SOURCE:
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers,
``
State
Education
Indicators,
1990;''
and
National
Association
of
State
Directors
of
Teacher
Education
and
Certification,
``
The
NASDTEC
Manual
2000:
Manual
on
Certification
&
Preparation
of
Educational
Personnel
in
the
United
States
&
Canada.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
178
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
157.
 
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
of
funds:
1919
 
20
to
1998
 
99
School
year
In
thousands
Percentage
distribution
Total
Federal
State
Local
(
including
intermediate)
1
Total
Federal
State
Local
(
including
intermediate)
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1919
 
20
....................................
$
970,121
$
2,475
$
160,085
$
807,561
100.0
0.3
16.5
83.2
1929
 
30
....................................
2,088,557
7,334
353,670
1,727,553
100.0
0.4
16.9
82.7
1939
 
40
....................................
2,260,527
39,810
684,354
1,536,363
100.0
1.8
30.3
68.0
1941
 
42
....................................
2,416,580
34,305
759,993
1,622,281
100.0
1.4
31.4
67.1
1943
 
44
....................................
2,604,322
35,886
859,183
1,709,253
100.0
1.4
33.0
65.6
1945
 
46
....................................
3,059,845
41,378
1,062,057
1,956,409
100.0
1.4
34.7
63.9
1947
 
48
....................................
4,311,534
120,270
1,676,362
2,514,902
100.0
2.8
38.9
58.3
1949
 
50
....................................
5,437,044
155,848
2,165,689
3,115,507
100.0
2.9
39.8
57.3
1951
 
52
....................................
6,423,816
227,711
2,478,596
3,717,507
100.0
3.5
38.6
57.9
1953
 
54
....................................
7,866,852
355,237
2,944,103
4,567,512
100.0
4.5
37.4
58.1
1955
 
56
....................................
9,686,677
441,442
3,828,886
5,416,350
100.0
4.6
39.5
55.9
1957
 
58
....................................
12,181,513
486,484
4,800,368
6,894,661
100.0
4.0
39.4
56.6
1959
 
60
....................................
14,746,618
651,639
5,768,047
8,326,932
100.0
4.4
39.1
56.5
1961
 
62
....................................
17,527,707
760,975
6,789,190
9,977,542
100.0
4.3
38.7
56.9
1963
 
64
....................................
20,544,182
896,956
8,078,014
11,569,213
100.0
4.4
39.3
56.3
1965
 
66
....................................
25,356,858
1,996,954
9,920,219
13,439,686
100.0
7.9
39.1
53.0
1967
 
68
....................................
31,903,064
2,806,469
12,275,536
16,821,063
100.0
8.8
38.5
52.7
1969
 
70
....................................
40,266,923
3,219,557
16,062,776
20,984,589
100.0
8.0
39.9
52.1
1970
 
71
....................................
44,511,292
3,753,461
17,409,086
23,348,745
100.0
8.4
39.1
52.5
1971
 
72
....................................
50,003,645
4,467,969
19,133,256
26,402,420
100.0
8.9
38.3
52.8
1972
 
73
....................................
52,117,930
4,525,000
20,699,752
26,893,180
100.0
8.7
39.7
51.6
1973
 
74
....................................
58,230,892
4,930,351
24,113,409
29,187,132
100.0
8.5
41.4
50.1
1974
 
75
....................................
64,445,239
5,811,595
27,060,563
31,573,079
100.0
9.0
42.0
49.0
1975
 
76
....................................
71,206,073
6,318,345
31,602,885
33,284,840
100.0
8.9
44.4
46.7
1976
 
77
....................................
75,322,532
6,629,498
32,526,018
36,137,018
100.0
8.8
43.2
48.0
1977
 
78
....................................
81,443,160
7,694,194
35,013,266
38,735,700
100.0
9.4
43.0
47.6
1978
 
79
....................................
87,994,143
8,600,116
40,132,136
39,261,891
100.0
9.8
45.6
44.6
1979
 
80
....................................
96,881,165
9,503,537
45,348,814
42,028,813
100.0
9.8
46.8
43.4
1980
 
81
....................................
105,949,087
9,768,262
50,182,659
45,998,166
100.0
9.2
47.4
43.4
1981
 
82
....................................
110,191,257
8,186,466
52,436,435
49,568,356
100.0
7.4
47.6
45.0
1982
 
83
....................................
117,497,502
8,339,990
56,282,157
52,875,354
100.0
7.1
47.9
45.0
1983
 
84
....................................
126,055,419
8,576,547
60,232,981
57,245,892
100.0
6.8
47.8
45.4
1984
 
85
....................................
137,294,678
9,105,569
67,168,684
61,020,425
100.0
6.6
48.9
44.4
1985
 
86
....................................
149,127,779
9,975,622
73,619,575
65,532,582
100.0
6.7
49.4
43.9
1986
 
87
....................................
158,523,693
10,146,013
78,830,437
69,547,243
100.0
6.4
49.7
43.9
1987
 
88
....................................
169,561,974
10,716,687
84,004,415
74,840,873
100.0
6.3
49.5
44.1
1988
 
89
....................................
192,016,374
11,902,001
91,768,911
88,345,462
100.0
6.2
47.8
46.0
1989
 
90
....................................
208,547,573
12,700,784
98,238,633
97,608,157
100.0
6.1
47.1
46.8
1990
 
91
....................................
223,340,537
13,776,066
105,324,533
104,239,939
100.0
6.2
47.2
46.7
1991
 
92
....................................
234,581,384
15,493,330
108,783,449
110,304,605
100.0
6.6
46.4
47.0
1992
 
93
....................................
247,626,168
17,261,252
113,403,436
116,961,481
100.0
7.0
45.8
47.2
1993
 
94
....................................
260,159,468
18,341,483
117,474,209
124,343,776
100.0
7.1
45.2
47.8
1994
 
95
....................................
273,149,449
18,582,157
127,729,576
126,837,717
100.0
6.8
46.8
46.4
1995
 
96
....................................
287,702,844
19,104,019
136,670,754
131,928,071
100.0
6.6
47.5
45.9
1996
 
97
....................................
305,065,192
20,081,287
146,435,584
138,548,321
100.0
6.6
48.0
45.4
1997
 
98
2
..................................
325,925,708
22,201,965
157,645,372
146,078,370
100.0
6.8
48.4
44.8
1998
 
99
....................................
347,329,664
24,521,817
169,298,232
153,509,615
100.0
7.1
48.7
44.2
1
Includes
a
relatively
small
amount
from
nongovernmental
private
sources
(
gifts
and
tuition
and
transportation
fees
from
patrons).
These
sources
accounted
for
2.5
percent
of
total
revenues
in
1998
 
99.
2
Revised
from
previously
published
figures.

NOTE:
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
revenues
for
state
education
agencies
are
excluded.
Beginning
in
1988
 
89,
data
reflect
new
survey
collection
procedures
and
may
not
be
entirely
comparable
with
figures
for
earlier
years.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
179
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
158.
 
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
and
state:
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
Total,
in
thousands
Federal
State
Local
and
intermediate
Private
1
Amount,
in
thousands
Per
student
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
................................
$
347,329,664
$
24,521,817
$
532
7.1
$
169,298,232
48.7
$
144,790,417
41.7
$
8,719,198
2.5
Alabama
............................................
4,469,278
407,011
543
9.1
2,752,647
61.6
1,075,876
24.1
233,745
5.2
Alaska
................................................
1,290,358
177,974
1,347
13.8
787,763
61.0
289,870
22.5
34,751
2.7
Arizona
..............................................
5,079,076
507,196
623
10.0
2,195,345
43.2
2,241,488
44.1
135,047
2.7
Arkansas
............................................
2,610,267
266,276
583
10.2
1,509,796
57.8
684,926
26.2
149,269
5.7
California
...........................................
40,002,760
3,443,221
593
8.6
23,739,295
59.3
12,379,999
30.9
440,245
1.1
Colorado
............................................
4,714,756
242,481
353
5.1
2,002,525
42.5
2,261,755
48.0
207,995
4.4
Connecticut
........................................
5,607,014
223,083
417
4.0
2,184,637
39.0
3,047,598
54.4
151,697
2.7
Delaware
...........................................
959,482
71,416
638
7.4
617,023
64.3
259,711
27.1
11,332
1.2
District
of
Columbia
...........................
760,592
125,490
1,627
16.5
 
 
631,735
83.1
3,367
0.4
Florida
................................................
16,460,206
1,301,428
567
7.9
8,279,709
50.3
6,308,302
38.3
570,767
3.5
Georgia
..............................................
10,263,338
689,614
501
6.7
5,044,094
49.1
4,355,291
42.4
174,338
1.7
Hawaii
................................................
1,328,572
130,547
687
9.8
1,166,940
87.8
7,211
0.5
23,874
1.8
Idaho
..................................................
1,420,902
100,260
410
7.1
874,429
61.5
421,953
29.7
24,260
1.7
Illinois
.................................................
15,338,740
1,103,559
552
7.2
4,610,903
30.1
9,293,156
60.6
331,122
2.2
Indiana
...............................................
7,980,582
398,810
404
5.0
4,190,124
52.5
3,164,882
39.7
226,765
2.8
Iowa
...................................................
3,516,165
195,628
390
5.6
1,775,997
50.5
1,355,452
38.5
189,088
5.4
Kansas
...............................................
3,282,779
200,698
428
6.1
2,021,434
61.6
972,978
29.6
87,669
2.7
Kentucky
............................................
4,210,793
389,074
581
9.2
2,600,631
61.8
1,120,296
26.6
100,792
2.4
Louisiana
...........................................
4,697,639
541,180
697
11.5
2,366,566
50.4
1,680,170
35.8
109,723
2.3
Maine
.................................................
1,703,252
127,495
600
7.5
781,035
45.9
775,761
45.5
18,960
1.1
Maryland
............................................
6,806,086
371,941
448
5.5
2,687,925
39.5
3,537,681
52.0
208,539
3.1
Massachusetts
...................................
8,534,080
422,923
446
5.0
3,593,252
42.1
4,400,523
51.6
117,382
1.4
Michigan
............................................
14,678,359
1,038,773
610
7.1
9,493,662
64.7
3,839,779
26.2
306,144
2.1
Minnesota
..........................................
6,785,487
340,314
399
5.0
3,907,686
57.6
2,327,575
34.3
209,913
3.1
Mississippi
.........................................
2,544,561
355,527
704
14.0
1,396,182
54.9
705,902
27.7
86,949
3.4
Missouri
.............................................
6,265,697
405,351
445
6.5
2,446,271
39.0
3,164,640
50.5
249,435
4.0
Montana
.............................................
1,047,338
117,877
726
11.3
470,763
44.9
413,387
39.5
45,311
4.3
Nebraska
...........................................
2,168,308
150,123
513
6.9
804,817
37.1
1,100,788
50.8
112,580
5.2
Nevada
..............................................
2,094,467
95,518
322
4.6
678,951
32.4
1,244,739
59.4
75,259
3.6
New
Hampshire
.................................
1,441,115
58,224
289
4.0
127,702
8.9
1,220,703
84.7
34,487
2.4
New
Jersey
........................................
14,192,543
527,334
422
3.7
5,868,487
41.3
7,480,958
52.7
315,764
2.2
New
Mexico
.......................................
2,098,648
282,253
851
13.4
1,522,000
72.5
249,472
11.9
44,923
2.1
New
York
...........................................
29,874,220
1,799,258
629
6.0
12,599,176
42.2
15,202,315
50.9
273,471
0.9
North
Carolina
...................................
8,137,116
558,556
452
6.9
5,590,644
68.7
1,779,124
21.9
208,792
2.6
North
Dakota
.....................................
709,427
92,088
777
13.0
285,772
40.3
294,013
41.4
37,553
5.3
Ohio
...................................................
14,399,472
829,887
449
5.8
6,057,593
42.1
6,963,798
48.4
548,194
3.8
Oklahoma
..........................................
3,652,130
332,679
533
9.1
2,200,010
60.2
930,733
25.5
188,708
5.2
Oregon
...............................................
4,047,900
284,344
525
7.0
2,297,679
56.8
1,324,525
32.7
141,351
3.5
Pennsylvania
.....................................
15,525,301
937,333
516
6.0
5,933,154
38.2
8,366,851
53.9
287,963
1.9
Rhode
Island
.....................................
1,319,597
73,870
482
5.6
548,776
41.6
679,478
51.5
17,472
1.3
South
Carolina
...................................
4,398,145
361,412
548
8.2
2,291,942
52.1
1,560,842
35.5
183,949
4.2
South
Dakota
.....................................
829,028
87,186
612
10.5
297,347
35.9
420,191
50.7
24,305
2.9
Tennessee
.........................................
5,089,341
445,545
499
8.8
2,404,133
47.2
1,883,947
37.0
355,715
7.0
Texas
.................................................
25,647,339
2,167,802
557
8.5
10,873,810
42.4
11,966,341
46.7
639,386
2.5
Utah
...................................................
2,449,890
172,295
357
7.0
1,496,345
61.1
721,271
29.4
59,978
2.4
Vermont
.............................................
908,146
52,890
499
5.8
675,896
74.4
163,291
18.0
16,068
1.8
Virginia
...............................................
8,358,036
438,656
395
5.2
2,825,340
33.8
4,831,710
57.8
262,330
3.1
Washington
........................................
7,212,175
491,420
496
6.8
4,659,490
64.6
1,822,165
25.3
239,100
3.3
West
Virginia
.....................................
2,229,692
190,635
632
8.5
1,398,405
62.7
613,378
27.5
27,275
1.2
Wisconsin
..........................................
7,409,485
339,371
385
4.6
3,955,854
53.4
2,951,270
39.8
162,990
2.2
Wyoming
............................................
779,985
57,993
597
7.4
408,271
52.3
300,616
38.5
13,106
1.7
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...............................
57,667
42,836
2,816
74.3
11,139
19.3
3,607
6.3
85
0.1
Guam
.................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
.............................
53,720
15,737
1,702
29.3
37,730
70.2
163
0.3
89
0.2
Puerto
Rico
........................................
2,121,183
588,027
953
27.7
1,532,799
72.3
116
(
2)
242
(
2)
Virgin
Islands
.....................................
160,253
29,720
1,343
18.5
 
 
130,319
81.3
214
0.1
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
revenues
from
gifts,
and
tuition
and
fees
from
patrons.

2
Less
than
.05
percent.
NOTE:
Excludes
revenues
for
state
education
agencies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
180
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
159.
 
Revenues
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
source
and
state:
1997
 
98
State
or
other
area
Total,
in
thousands
Federal
State
Local
and
intermediate
Private
1
Amount,
in
thousands
Per
student
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
Amount,
in
thousands
Percent
of
total
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
................................
$
325,925,708
$
22,201,965
$
481
6.8
$
157,645,372
48.4
$
137,860,393
42.3
$
8,217,977
2.5
Alabama
............................................
4,146,629
389,242
520
9.4
2,589,826
62.5
960,799
23.2
206,762
5.0
Alaska
................................................
1,218,425
149,630
1,133
12.3
757,286
62.2
278,785
22.9
32,724
2.7
Arizona
..............................................
4,731,675
482,748
593
10.2
2,096,739
44.3
2,045,829
43.2
106,360
2.2
Arkansas
............................................
2,600,655
280,682
615
10.8
1,500,334
57.7
674,943
26.0
144,697
5.6
California
...........................................
38,142,613
3,120,793
538
8.2
22,963,395
60.2
11,655,935
30.6
402,490
1.1
Colorado
............................................
4,327,326
219,798
320
5.1
1,879,065
43.4
2,061,131
47.6
167,332
3.9
Connecticut
........................................
5,159,304
201,858
377
3.9
1,925,676
37.3
2,894,418
56.1
137,353
2.7
Delaware
...........................................
913,616
69,240
618
7.6
588,211
64.4
243,784
26.7
12,380
1.4
District
of
Columbia
...........................
706,935
116,363
1,509
16.5
 
 
587,111
83.1
3,461
0.5
Florida
................................................
14,988,118
1,145,240
499
7.6
7,311,149
48.8
5,945,424
39.7
586,304
3.9
Georgia
..............................................
9,041,434
616,455
448
6.8
4,625,560
51.2
3,625,225
40.1
174,194
1.9
Hawaii
................................................
1,282,702
110,725
583
8.6
1,141,002
89.0
6,229
0.5
24,746
1.9
Idaho
..................................................
1,320,647
92,937
380
7.0
827,955
62.7
377,211
28.6
22,544
1.7
Illinois
.................................................
14,149,155
957,788
479
6.8
4,033,015
28.5
8,844,102
62.5
314,250
2.2
Indiana
...............................................
7,513,407
363,393
368
4.8
3,860,331
51.4
3,072,377
40.9
217,307
2.9
Iowa
...................................................
3,346,481
177,460
354
5.3
1,715,706
51.3
1,278,597
38.2
174,719
5.2
Kansas
...............................................
3,122,238
184,940
395
5.9
1,807,350
57.9
1,046,453
33.5
83,495
2.7
Kentucky
............................................
3,932,068
376,532
563
9.6
2,427,126
61.7
1,041,560
26.5
86,849
2.2
Louisiana
...........................................
4,493,189
506,525
652
11.3
2,266,287
50.4
1,612,455
35.9
107,922
2.4
Maine
.................................................
1,600,635
111,892
526
7.0
728,812
45.5
742,945
46.4
16,986
1.1
Maryland
............................................
6,454,696
337,791
407
5.2
2,514,141
39.0
3,401,284
52.7
201,480
3.1
Massachusetts
...................................
7,893,657
395,259
416
5.0
3,213,490
40.7
4,175,831
52.9
109,076
1.4
Michigan
............................................
14,329,715
950,569
558
6.6
9,459,203
66.0
3,641,277
25.4
278,665
1.9
Minnesota
..........................................
6,529,420
320,513
375
4.9
3,418,033
52.3
2,597,752
39.8
193,122
3.0
Mississippi
.........................................
2,407,954
339,316
672
14.1
1,333,568
55.4
653,106
27.1
81,964
3.4
Missouri
.............................................
6,005,256
375,185
412
6.2
2,384,741
39.7
3,009,034
50.1
236,295
3.9
Montana
.............................................
1,029,939
105,211
648
10.2
482,681
46.9
398,569
38.7
43,477
4.2
Nebraska
...........................................
1,964,205
130,716
447
6.7
650,846
33.1
1,074,733
54.7
107,910
5.5
Nevada
..............................................
1,910,794
87,580
295
4.6
607,846
31.8
1,149,020
60.1
66,347
3.5
New
Hampshire
.................................
1,364,943
51,940
258
3.8
127,607
9.3
1,152,828
84.5
32,567
2.4
New
Jersey
........................................
13,189,983
477,088
382
3.6
5,246,646
39.8
7,160,964
54.3
305,286
2.3
New
Mexico
.......................................
1,952,452
258,676
780
13.2
1,409,495
72.2
240,582
12.3
43,699
2.2
New
York
...........................................
27,782,468
1,512,286
528
5.4
11,038,714
39.7
14,970,650
53.9
260,818
0.9
North
Carolina
...................................
7,188,615
520,907
421
7.2
4,838,150
67.3
1,631,999
22.7
197,558
2.7
North
Dakota
.....................................
682,419
84,339
711
12.4
280,238
41.1
280,742
41.1
37,100
5.4
Ohio
...................................................
13,458,095
783,397
424
5.8
5,547,736
41.2
6,581,231
48.9
545,731
4.1
Oklahoma
..........................................
3,416,296
295,299
473
8.6
2,103,243
61.6
837,037
24.5
180,716
5.3
Oregon
...............................................
3,883,939
248,549
459
6.4
2,204,918
56.8
1,305,950
33.6
124,523
3.2
Pennsylvania
.....................................
14,837,945
868,600
479
5.9
5,736,509
38.7
7,959,292
53.6
273,544
1.8
Rhode
Island
.....................................
1,264,156
68,680
448
5.4
507,377
40.1
671,445
53.1
16,653
1.3
South
Carolina
...................................
4,055,072
343,673
521
8.5
2,087,806
51.5
1,448,682
35.7
174,911
4.3
South
Dakota
.....................................
794,256
79,522
558
10.0
282,518
35.6
408,047
51.4
24,168
3.0
Tennessee
.........................................
4,815,833
425,768
477
8.8
2,299,491
47.7
1,751,162
36.4
339,411
7.0
Texas
.................................................
24,179,060
1,845,074
474
7.6
10,675,578
44.2
11,070,763
45.8
587,646
2.4
Utah
...................................................
2,305,397
159,879
331
6.9
1,406,577
61.0
681,185
29.5
57,756
2.5
Vermont
.............................................
861,643
44,752
422
5.2
253,572
29.4
547,924
63.6
15,395
1.8
Virginia
...............................................
7,755,814
405,791
365
5.2
2,432,370
31.4
4,671,063
60.2
246,591
3.2
Washington
........................................
6,895,693
442,455
446
6.4
4,548,851
66.0
1,682,908
24.4
221,480
3.2
West
Virginia
.....................................
2,216,984
204,827
680
9.2
1,389,076
62.7
593,409
26.8
29,671
1.3
Wisconsin
..........................................
7,059,759
316,879
359
4.5
3,789,320
53.7
2,803,968
39.7
149,592
2.1
Wyoming
............................................
702,001
47,203
486
6.7
330,208
47.0
312,643
44.5
11,948
1.7
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...............................
49,677
38,669
2,542
77.8
10,897
21.9
28
0.1
82
0.2
Guam
.................................................
173,339
18,100
558
10.4
 
 
151,023
87.1
4,216
2.4
Northern
Marianas
.............................
58,239
15,242
1,648
26.2
42,796
73.5
132
0.2
70
0.1
Puerto
Rico
........................................
2,094,025
572,495
928
27.3
1,520,398
72.6
320
(
2)
811
(
2)
Virgin
Islands
.....................................
152,499
27,719
1,252
18.2
 
 
124,635
81.7
146
0.1
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
revenues
from
gifts,
and
tuition
and
fees
from
patrons.

2
Less
than
.05
percent.
NOTE:
Excludes
revenues
for
state
education
agencies.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
181
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
160.
 
Funds
and
staff
for
state
education
agencies,
by
source
of
funding
and
state:
1992
 
93
State
Funds
retained
for
state
administration,
by
source,
in
thousands
Total
state
administration
funds
per
student
State
education
agency
(
FTE)
staff,
by
source
of
funds
for
position
Students
per
state
FTE
staff
Total
Federal
(
core
activities
1
Percent
federal
State
and
local
Total
FTE
staff
Federally
supported
(
core
activities
1
State
and
local
supported
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
2
...............................
$
1,966,453
$
526,847
26.8
$
1,439,606
$
46
28,626
7,054
21,572
1,496
Alabama
..............................................
52,111
13,007
25.0
39,103
71
1,006
127
879
727
Alaska
.................................................
38,461
5,046
13.1
33,414
314
503
44
460
244
Arizona
................................................
19,315
7,460
38.6
11,856
29
362
175
187
1,862
Arkansas
.............................................
17,561
4,204
23.9
13,356
40
290
74
216
1,522
California
.............................................
148,989
52,316
35.1
96,673
28
1,898
419
1,479
2,768
Colorado
.............................................
21,361
5,991
28.0
15,370
35
223
90
133
2,750
Connecticut
.........................................
139,733
11,433
8.2
128,300
286
2,005
196
1,809
244
Delaware
.............................................
10,949
2,578
23.5
8,371
105
128
44
84
817
District
of
Columbia
............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Florida
.................................................
56,310
25,470
45.2
30,840
28
688
323
366
2,878
Georgia
...............................................
58,632
9,918
16.9
48,714
49
935
147
788
1,291
Hawaii
.................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Idaho
...................................................
7,346
2,938
40.0
4,408
32
104
45
59
2,224
Illinois
..................................................
42,854
22,092
51.6
20,762
23
746
317
429
2,511
Indiana
................................................
29,220
7,339
25.1
21,880
30
309
132
177
3,109
Iowa
....................................................
20,589
9,582
46.5
11,007
42
226
106
120
2,192
Kansas
................................................
12,701
5,422
42.7
7,279
28
199
83
116
2,269
Kentucky
.............................................
49,745
6,202
12.5
43,542
76
859
105
754
763
Louisiana
.............................................
35,978
13,015
36.2
22,963
45
573
254
320
1,393
Maine
3
................................................
17,356
4,248
24.5
13,109
80
207
90
117
1,046
Maryland
.............................................
42,343
8,737
20.6
33,606
56
556
126
430
1,351
Massachusetts
....................................
30,191
13,557
44.9
16,633
35
368
173
195
2,337
Michigan
..............................................
53,743
15,656
29.1
38,088
34
844
256
588
1,899
Minnesota
...........................................
23,730
9,072
38.2
14,658
30
416
129
287
1,908
Mississippi
...........................................
40,892
5,703
13.9
35,190
81
724
144
580
700
Missouri
...............................................
42,860
8,708
20.3
34,152
50
1,448
132
1,317
593
Montana
..............................................
8,070
3,490
43.2
4,581
50
137
52
85
1,168
Nebraska
.............................................
20,624
5,018
24.3
15,607
73
398
75
323
710
Nevada
................................................
5,305
2,643
49.8
2,662
24
90
47
42
2,491
New
Hampshire
..................................
7,889
2,662
33.7
5,226
44
157
60
97
1,154
New
Jersey
.........................................
65,111
25,857
39.7
39,254
58
1,001
326
675
1,129
New
Mexico
........................................
10,398
3,753
36.1
6,645
33
216
67
149
1,461
New
York
............................................
181,649
47,866
26.4
133,783
68
2,565
567
1,998
1,049
North
Carolina
.....................................
49,298
13,990
28.4
35,308
44
796
144
652
1,399
North
Dakota
.......................................
5,683
3,187
56.1
2,496
48
93
52
41
1,277
Ohio
....................................................
32,879
14,741
44.8
18,139
18
511
242
269
3,513
Oklahoma
............................................
32,178
8,347
25.9
23,831
54
499
98
401
1,196
Oregon
................................................
61,178
15,822
25.9
45,357
120
418
58
360
1,221
Pennsylvania
.......................................
72,979
19,746
27.1
53,233
42
1,134
237
897
1,515
Rhode
Island
.......................................
13,705
4,347
31.7
9,358
95
152
59
93
948
South
Carolina
....................................
87,109
9,130
10.5
77,979
136
946
105
841
677
South
Dakota
......................................
7,419
3,988
53.8
3,430
55
102
42
60
1,324
Tennessee
..........................................
36,778
10,525
28.6
26,253
43
456
100
356
1,876
Texas
..................................................
59,560
18,321
30.8
41,238
17
1,013
358
654
3,498
Utah
....................................................
25,763
6,092
23.6
19,671
56
364
62
302
1,273
Vermont
..............................................
7,348
2,672
36.4
4,675
75
143
65
78
689
Virginia
................................................
29,236
9,830
33.6
19,406
28
371
102
270
2,781
Washington
.........................................
19,472
6,843
35.1
12,629
22
253
88
165
3,542
West
Virginia
.......................................
21,188
5,069
23.9
16,119
67
403
113
289
790
Wisconsin
............................................
87,883
11,377
12.9
76,506
106
692
179
512
1,199
Wyoming
.............................................
4,782
1,837
38.4
2,945
48
100
25
75
1,003
 
Not
available.

1
Core
education
activities
include:
Chapter
1;
Chapter
2;
Special
Education;
Child
Nutrition
Vocational
Education;
Adult
Education;
AIDS
Education;
Civil
Rights
Act;
and
Homeless
Education
Programs.

2
Excludes
District
of
Columbia
and
Hawaii.

3
Excludes
State
Teacher
Retirement
Program.
NOTE:
Excludes
funds
for
schools
and
school
districts.
FTE=
full­
time
equivalent.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
General
Accounting
Office,
Education
Finance,
Extent
of
Federal
Funding
in
State
Education
Agencies,
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996.)
182
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
161.
 
Current
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
United
States
........
$
34,217,773
$
86,984,142
$
94,321,093
$
137,164,965
$
173,098,906
$
188,229,359
$
202,037,752
$
211,210,190
$
220,948,052
Alabama
....................
422,730
1,146,713
1,393,137
1,761,154
2,188,020
2,275,233
2,475,216
2,465,523
2,610,514
Alaska
........................
81,374
377,947
476,368
818,219
739,020
828,051
854,499
931,869
967,765
Arizona
......................
281,941
949,753
1,075,362
1,649,832
2,143,148
2,258,660
2,469,543
2,599,586
2,753,504
Arkansas
....................
235,083
666,949
709,394
1,085,943
1,319,370
1,404,545
1,510,092
1,656,201
1,703,621
California
...................
3,831,595
9,172,158
9,936,642
15,040,898
19,417,178
21,485,782
22,748,218
23,696,863
24,219,792
Colorado
....................
369,218
1,243,049
1,369,883
2,018,579
2,324,625
2,451,833
2,642,850
2,754,087
2,919,916
Connecticut
................
588,710
1,227,892
1,440,881
2,144,094
2,984,542
3,444,520
3,540,411
3,665,505
3,739,497
Delaware
...................
108,747
269,108
270,439
391,558
479,327
520,953
543,933
572,152
600,161
District
of
Columbia
...
141,138
298,448
295,155
406,910
584,035
639,983
647,901
677,422
670,677
Florida
........................
961,273
2,766,468
3,336,657
5,092,668
7,245,515
8,228,531
9,045,710
9,314,079
9,661,012
Georgia
......................
599,371
1,608,028
1,688,714
2,979,980
4,006,069
4,505,962
4,804,225
4,856,583
5,273,143
Hawaii
........................
141,324
351,889
395,038
575,456
643,319
700,012
827,579
884,591
946,074
Idaho
..........................
103,107
313,927
352,912
492,092
570,013
627,794
708,045
760,440
804,231
Illinois
.........................
1,896,067
4,579,355
4,773,179
6,066,390
7,655,153
8,125,493
8,932,538
9,244,655
9,942,737
Indiana
.......................
809,105
1,851,292
1,898,194
2,851,080
3,779,468
4,074,578
4,379,142
4,544,829
4,797,946
Iowa
...........................
527,086
1,186,659
1,337,504
1,644,359
1,925,623
2,004,742
2,136,561
2,356,196
2,459,141
Kansas
.......................
362,593
830,133
958,281
1,423,225
1,712,260
1,848,302
1,938,012
2,028,440
2,224,080
Kentucky
....................
353,265
1,054,459
1,096,472
1,434,962
1,918,741
2,134,011
2,480,363
2,709,623
2,823,134
Louisiana
...................
503,217
1,303,902
1,767,692
2,333,748
2,468,307
2,838,283
3,023,690
3,188,024
3,199,919
Maine
.........................
155,907
385,492
401,355
688,673
921,931
1,048,195
1,070,965
1,121,360
1,217,418
Maryland
....................
721,794
1,783,056
1,937,159
2,634,209
3,505,018
3,894,644
4,240,862
4,362,679
4,556,266
Massachusetts
...........
907,341
2,638,734
2,794,762
3,403,505
4,516,604
4,760,390
4,906,828
5,035,973
5,281,067
Michigan
....................
1,799,945
4,642,847
5,196,249
6,184,767
7,492,267
8,025,621
8,545,805
9,156,501
9,532,994
Minnesota
..................
781,243
1,786,768
1,900,322
2,637,722
3,282,296
3,474,398
3,740,820
3,936,695
4,135,284
Mississippi
.................
262,760
756,018
716,878
1,058,301
1,365,846
1,472,710
1,510,552
1,536,295
1,600,752
Missouri
.....................
642,030
1,504,988
1,643,258
2,277,576
3,096,666
3,288,738
3,487,786
3,611,613
3,710,426
Montana
.....................
127,176
358,118
380,092
567,901
592,454
641,345
719,963
751,710
785,159
Nebraska
...................
231,612
581,615
629,017
911,983
1,105,009
1,233,431
1,297,643
1,381,290
1,430,039
Nevada
......................
87,273
281,901
287,752
495,147
628,657
712,898
864,379
962,800
1,035,623
New
Hampshire
.........
101,370
295,400
340,518
522,604
733,240
821,671
890,116
927,625
972,963
New
Jersey
................
1,343,564
3,638,533
3,648,914
5,735,895
7,309,147
8,119,336
8,897,612
9,660,899
9,915,482
New
Mexico
...............
183,736
515,451
560,213
808,036
975,552
1,020,148
1,134,156
1,212,189
1,240,310
New
York
...................
4,111,839
8,760,500
9,259,948
13,686,039
17,127,596
18,090,978
19,514,583
19,781,384
20,898,267
North
Carolina
...........
676,193
1,880,862
2,112,417
2,991,747
3,892,971
4,342,826
4,605,384
4,660,027
4,930,823
North
Dakota
.............
97,895
228,483
254,197
379,470
431,814
459,391
460,581
491,293
511,095
Ohio
...........................
1,639,805
3,836,576
4,149,858
5,856,999
7,484,434
7,994,379
8,407,428
9,124,731
9,173,393
Oklahoma
..................
339,105
1,055,844
1,193,373
1,740,981
1,833,743
1,905,332
2,107,513
2,268,958
2,442,320
Oregon
.......................
403,844
1,126,812
1,292,624
1,662,372
2,123,241
2,297,944
2,453,934
2,626,803
2,849,009
Pennsylvania
.............
1,912,644
4,584,320
4,955,115
6,750,520
8,579,546
9,496,788
10,087,322
10,371,796
10,944,392
Rhode
Island
.............
145,443
362,046
395,389
569,935
747,852
801,908
823,655
865,898
934,815
South
Carolina
...........
367,689
997,984
1,006,088
1,708,603
2,118,732
2,322,618
2,494,254
2,564,949
2,690,009
South
Dakota
.............
109,375
238,332
242,215
360,832
428,014
447,074
481,304
518,156
553,005
Tennessee
.................
473,226
1,319,303
1,429,938
1,990,889
2,668,341
2,790,808
2,903,209
2,859,755
3,139,223
Texas
.........................
1,518,181
4,997,689
5,310,181
9,642,812
11,761,447
12,763,954
13,695,327
14,709,628
15,121,655
Utah
...........................
179,981
518,251
587,648
906,484
1,043,759
1,130,135
1,235,916
1,296,723
1,376,319
Vermont
.....................
78,921
189,811
224,901
346,164
485,226
546,901
599,018
606,410
616,212
Virginia
.......................
704,677
1,881,519
2,045,412
3,183,707
4,151,050
4,621,071
4,958,213
4,993,480
5,228,326
Washington
................
699,984
1,825,782
1,791,477
2,702,652
3,209,992
3,550,819
3,906,471
4,259,048
4,679,698
West
Virginia
.............
249,404
678,386
754,889
1,164,882
1,202,486
1,316,637
1,473,640
1,503,980
1,626,005
Wisconsin
..................
777,288
1,908,523
2,035,879
2,893,797
3,688,311
3,929,920
4,292,434
4,597,004
4,954,900
Wyoming
....................
69,584
226,067
271,153
488,616
491,930
509,084
521,549
545,870
547,938
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
 
 
 
14,997
22,314
21,838
24,946
26,972
23,636
Guam
.........................
16,652
 
 
78,545
94,368
101,130
116,406
132,494
161,477
Northern
Marianas
.....
 
 
 
12,556
16,118
20,476
26,822
32,498
38,784
Puerto
Rico
................
 
 
713,000
842,827
1,030,387
1,045,407
1,142,863
1,207,235
1,295,452
Virgin
Islands
.............
 
 
 
76,751
111,750
128,065
119,950
121,660
120,510
183
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
161.
 
Current
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
 
Continued
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
Estimated
1999
 
2000
2
Estimated
2000
 
01
2
1
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
United
States
......................
$
231,542,764
$
243,877,582
$
255,106,683
$
270,174,298
$
285,485,370
$
302,873,955
3
$
319,158,261
3
$
333,828,141
Alabama
...................................
2,809,713
3,026,287
3,240,364
3,436,406
3,633,159
3,880,188
4,127,751
4,334,139
Alaska
......................................
1,002,515
1,020,675
1,045,022
1,069,379
1,092,750
1,137,610
1,191,230
1,226,966
Arizona
.....................................
2,911,304
3,144,540
3,327,969
3,527,473
3,740,889
3,963,428
4
4,160,096
4
4,257,374
Arkansas
..................................
1,782,645
1,873,595
1,994,748
2,074,113
2,149,237
2,241,244
5
2,334,098
5
2,360,599
California
..................................
25,140,639
25,949,033
27,334,639
29,909,168
32,759,492
34,379,878
4
37,095,936
4
39,026,563
Colorado
..................................
2,954,793
3,232,976
3,360,529
3,577,211
3,886,872
4,140,699
4,255,473
4,408,670
Connecticut
..............................
3,943,891
4,247,328
4,366,123
4,522,718
4,763,653
5,075,581
5,385,000
5,697,000
Delaware
..................................
643,915
694,473
726,241
788,715
830,731
872,786
913,583
1,001,457
District
of
Columbia
.................
713,427
666,938
679,106
632,952
647,202
693,716
4
777,300
4
807,381
Florida
......................................
10,331,896
11,019,735
11,480,359
12,018,676
12,737,325
13,534,374
13,991,183
4
14,562,376
Georgia
....................................
5,643,843
6,136,689
6,629,646
7,230,405
7,770,241
8,537,177
5
9,051,555
5
9,359,589
Hawaii
......................................
998,143
1,028,729
1,040,682
1,057,069
1,112,351
1,143,713
1,160,868
1,178,281
Idaho
........................................
859,088
951,350
1,019,594
1,090,597
1,153,778
1,239,755
5
1,297,838
5
1,323,127
Illinois
.......................................
10,076,889
10,640,279
10,727,091
11,720,249
12,473,064
13,602,965
5
14,318,395
5
14,726,541
Indiana
.....................................
5,064,685
5,243,761
5,493,653
6,055,055
6,234,563
6,697,468
7,166,000
7,668,000
Iowa
.........................................
2,527,434
2,622,510
2,753,425
2,885,943
3,005,421
3,110,585
3,213,234
3,335,337
Kansas
.....................................
2,325,247
2,406,580
2,488,077
2,568,525
2,684,244
2,841,147
3,008,774
3,189,301
Kentucky
..................................
2,952,119
2,988,892
3,171,495
3,382,062
3,489,205
3,645,631
6
4,010,533
4,256,345
Louisiana
..................................
3,309,018
3,475,926
3,545,832
3,747,508
4,029,139
4,264,981
4,358,424
4,445,592
Maine
.......................................
1,208,411
1,281,706
1,313,759
1,372,571
1,433,175
1,510,024
1,548,708
1,634,197
Maryland
..................................
4,783,023
5,083,380
5,311,207
5,529,309
5,843,685
6,165,934
6,178,289
6,633,866
Massachusetts
.........................
5,637,337
6,062,303
6,435,458
6,846,610
7,381,784
7,948,502
8,499,362
9,050,308
Michigan
...................................
9,816,830
10,440,206
11,137,877
11,686,124
12,003,818
12,785,480
13,245,757
13,722,604
Minnesota
................................
4,328,093
4,622,930
4,844,879
5,087,353
5,452,571
5,816,329
6,576,231
7,159,543
Mississippi
................................
1,725,386
1,921,480
2,000,321
2,035,675
2,164,592
2,293,188
6
2,512,308
2,637,923
Missouri
....................................
3,981,614
4,275,217
4,531,192
4,775,931
5,067,720
5,348,366
5,177,929
5,385,046
Montana
...................................
822,015
844,257
868,892
902,252
929,197
955,695
975,630
995,900
Nebraska
..................................
1,513,971
1,594,928
1,648,104
1,707,455
1,743,775
1,821,310
1,913,286
2,017,561
Nevada
.....................................
1,099,685
1,186,132
1,296,629
1,434,395
1,570,576
1,738,009
1,784,925
1,918,795
New
Hampshire
.......................
1,007,129
1,053,966
1,114,540
1,173,958
1,241,255
1,316,946
1,461,060
1,536,740
New
Jersey
..............................
10,448,096
10,776,982
11,208,558
11,771,941
12,056,560
12,874,579
4
13,658,938
4
14,129,045
New
Mexico
.............................
1,323,459
1,441,078
1,517,517
1,557,376
1,659,891
1,788,382
6
1,881,930
2,045,977
New
York
.................................
22,059,949
22,989,629
23,522,461
24,237,291
25,332,735
26,885,444
5
28,178,914
5
29,209,562
North
Carolina
..........................
5,145,416
5,440,426
5,582,994
5,964,939
6,497,648
7,097,882
6
7,207,191
7,630,436
North
Dakota
............................
522,377
534,632
557,043
577,498
599,443
625,428
6
778,080
809,204
Ohio
.........................................
9,612,678
10,030,956
10,408,022
10,948,074
11,448,722
12,207,147
11,800,000
12,400,000
Oklahoma
.................................
2,680,113
2,763,721
2,804,088
2,990,044
3,138,690
3,332,697
3,716,865
3,717,980
Oregon
.....................................
2,852,723
2,948,539
3,056,801
3,184,100
3,474,714
3,706,044
3,843,000
4,026,000
Pennsylvania
............................
11,236,417
11,587,027
12,374,073
12,820,704
13,084,859
13,532,211
14,281,000
15,070,000
Rhode
Island
............................
990,094
1,050,969
1,094,185
1,151,888
1,215,595
1,283,859
1,419,479
1,504,648
South
Carolina
.........................
2,790,878
2,920,230
3,085,495
3,296,661
3,507,017
3,759,042
4,003,380
4,263,599
South
Dakota
...........................
584,894
612,825
610,640
628,753
665,082
696,785
734,713
783,489
Tennessee
...............................
3,305,579
3,540,682
3,728,486
4,145,380
4,409,338
4,638,924
6
5,159,192
4
5,189,243
Texas
.......................................
16,193,722
17,572,269
18,801,462
20,167,238
21,188,676
22,430,153
24,319,431
25,753,029
Utah
.........................................
1,511,205
1,618,047
1,719,782
1,822,725
1,916,688
2,025,714
1,978,731
2,077,668
Vermont
...................................
643,828
665,559
684,864
718,092
749,786
792,664
828,216
886,771
Virginia
.....................................
5,441,384
5,750,318
5,969,608
6,343,768
6,736,863
7,137,421
4
7,517,511
4
7,721,950
Washington
..............................
4,892,690
5,138,928
5,394,507
5,587,803
5,987,060
6,098,036
4
6,404,000
4
6,557,294
West
Virginia
............................
1,663,868
1,758,557
1,806,004
1,847,560
1,905,940
1,986,562
2,087,662
2,157,163
Wisconsin
.................................
5,170,343
5,422,264
5,670,826
5,975,122
6,280,696
6,620,653
6,979,011
7,327,962
Wyoming
..................................
558,353
577,144
581,817
591,488
603,901
651,622
6
690,259
710,000
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................
25,161
28,643
30,382
33,780
33,088
35,092
4
36,895
4
37,822
Guam
.......................................
160,797
161,434
158,303
156,561
168,716
 
4
194,156
4
202,155
Northern
Marianas
...................
32,824
45,008
44,037
53,140
56,514
50,450
6
53,228
54,558
Puerto
Rico
..............................
1,360,762
1,501,485
1,667,640
1,740,074
1,981,603
2,024,499
4
2,111,182
4
2,146,574
Virgin
Islands
...........................
120,556
122,094
122,286
122,188
131,315
146,474
146,474
4
154,107
 
Not
available.
1
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
2
Data
estimated
by
state
education
agencies
unless
otherwise
indicated.
3
U.
S.
total
includes
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
estimates
for
nonreporting
states.
4
Estimated
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
5
Data
include
inputations
by
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
for
food
services
and/
or
enterprise
operations.
6
Actual
preliminary
count.

NOTE:
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
expenditures
for
state
administration
are
excluded.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
184
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
162.
 
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1998
 
99
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
expenditures
Total
Current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
programs
Current
expenditures
for
public
schools
Instruction
Student
support
services
Total
Student
support
4
Instructional
staff
5
General
administration
School
administration
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
........
$
355,859,449
$
302,873,955
$
186,756,251
$
102,984,961
$
15,239,907
$
13,299,688
$
6,120,740
$
17,175,997
Alabama
....................
4,626,884
3,880,188
2,400,979
1,210,422
166,526
140,762
104,219
237,210
Alaska
........................
1,264,525
1,137,610
643,949
456,525
58,958
76,369
57,881
67,174
Arizona
......................
5,341,305
3,963,428
2,380,620
1,385,289
191,444
114,967
76,834
221,458
Arkansas
...................
2,480,435
2,241,244
1,436,486
649,836
95,067
87,535
73,766
52,553
California
...................
39,973,279
34,379,878
20,972,433
12,034,782
1,790,834
1,729,249
207,722
2,513,028
Colorado
....................
5,024,543
4,140,699
2,410,400
1,581,647
158,596
171,589
67,013
269,118
Connecticut
...............
5,827,005
5,075,581
3,225,862
1,602,041
276,369
162,445
97,816
278,828
Delaware
...................
972,747
872,786
534,174
298,325
40,678
12,653
10,043
49,470
District
of
Columbia
...
755,576
693,716
314,468
351,290
59,335
98,935
12,309
46,825
Florida
.......................
16,615,626
13,534,374
7,925,242
4,945,464
683,444
812,964
151,878
832,576
Georgia
......................
10,113,816
8,537,177
5,339,447
2,726,325
412,249
474,475
112,642
510,681
Hawaii
........................
1,400,063
1,143,713
718,107
350,077
77,903
37,588
7,256
74,965
Idaho
.........................
1,420,733
1,239,755
767,909
417,679
68,225
52,260
30,135
72,969
Illinois
........................
16,255,656
13,602,965
8,240,926
4,889,281
773,720
536,087
458,073
715,459
Indiana
.......................
8,111,363
6,697,468
4,183,169
2,229,545
291,828
206,426
119,207
377,460
Iowa
...........................
3,521,011
3,110,585
1,828,806
1,048,543
198,621
153,702
89,647
162,200
Kansas
......................
3,155,418
2,841,147
1,632,547
1,066,511
156,478
130,343
105,258
185,698
Kentucky
....................
3,948,832
3,645,631
2,249,562
1,190,541
135,467
172,884
96,746
208,046
Louisiana
...................
4,801,137
4,264,981
2,576,840
1,343,988
169,484
186,293
91,349
234,233
Maine
.........................
1,642,951
1,510,024
1,015,728
441,736
47,139
44,985
29,762
85,226
Maryland
....................
7,182,797
6,165,934
3,791,102
2,092,027
256,360
334,700
37,248
436,912
Massachusetts
..........
8,368,976
7,948,502
5,295,485
2,406,210
405,269
254,134
158,366
353,541
Michigan
....................
15,604,340
12,785,480
7,432,224
4,980,257
823,394
574,583
306,938
808,357
Minnesota
..................
7,353,993
5,816,329
3,647,489
1,929,556
192,749
327,321
88,927
240,563
Mississippi
.................
2,830,349
2,293,188
1,384,027
746,304
90,589
95,818
71,036
128,930
Missouri
.....................
6,242,701
5,348,366
3,293,321
1,826,265
246,808
223,756
157,786
321,179
Montana
....................
1,052,773
955,695
597,772
318,994
44,102
35,939
29,090
50,623
Nebraska
...................
2,086,536
1,821,310
1,145,752
538,485
73,898
64,765
61,516
91,518
Nevada
......................
2,301,747
1,738,009
1,040,680
643,224
65,571
69,151
26,115
126,090
New
Hampshire
.........
1,430,462
1,316,946
858,974
412,145
71,601
36,143
49,442
73,990
New
Jersey
...............
14,250,489
12,874,579
7,705,505
4,790,297
1,062,690
381,918
370,834
712,644
New
Mexico
...............
2,116,905
1,788,382
1,015,367
686,625
162,053
87,897
48,345
93,308
New
York
...................
30,357,364
26,885,444
18,227,087
7,930,135
997,953
724,357
565,464
1,108,114
North
Carolina
...........
8,712,151
7,097,882
4,458,396
2,220,444
366,070
254,854
147,209
474,763
North
Dakota
.............
711,740
625,428
382,138
192,382
22,007
16,403
30,289
29,831
Ohio
...........................
14,006,167
12,207,147
7,198,914
4,565,168
622,258
673,098
287,163
721,527
Oklahoma
..................
3,668,577
3,332,697
2,000,616
1,116,721
191,951
100,727
118,462
175,052
Oregon
......................
4,173,853
3,706,044
2,195,694
1,383,787
179,456
195,824
85,110
233,680
Pennsylvania
.............
16,343,516
13,532,211
8,575,108
4,453,339
622,772
485,729
403,535
599,413
Rhode
Island
.............
1,341,549
1,283,859
851,859
396,871
83,602
51,750
26,658
62,829
South
Carolina
..........
4,612,674
3,759,042
2,242,844
1,292,082
247,162
217,591
50,068
231,424
South
Dakota
............
840,515
696,785
424,211
235,257
36,643
25,970
24,383
36,854
Tennessee
.................
5,432,316
4,638,924
3,032,953
1,372,663
154,165
248,593
88,931
240,764
Texas
.........................
27,496,479
22,430,153
13,571,196
7,671,526
1,083,912
1,191,090
402,609
1,244,078
Utah
...........................
2,536,260
2,025,714
1,328,807
574,738
67,306
86,421
21,548
118,955
Vermont
.....................
853,705
792,664
512,432
258,060
50,953
25,846
21,851
53,373
Virginia
......................
8,376,912
7,137,421
4,340,680
2,423,409
342,628
414,716
70,659
425,557
Washington
...............
7,449,610
6,098,036
3,646,974
2,154,875
409,600
286,716
130,139
296,933
West
Virginia
.............
2,207,537
1,986,562
1,230,925
638,769
64,389
54,535
50,317
111,145
Wisconsin
..................
7,928,144
6,620,653
4,138,977
2,277,038
311,494
331,548
177,293
340,510
Wyoming
...................
735,411
651,622
391,091
237,459
38,136
25,286
13,853
38,367
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
43,864
35,092
15,014
13,238
4,711
2,506
608
1,875
Guam
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
....
55,463
50,450
40,667
6,456
190
24
5,999
0
Puerto
Rico
...............
2,090,530
2,024,499
1,386,049
406,614
65,900
19,467
41,280
0
Virgin
Islands
.............
152,211
146,474
89,700
49,828
9,532
6,236
8,672
5,688
185
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
162.
 
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
expenditures
Current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
programs
Other
current
expenditures
1
Capital
outlay
2
Interest
on
school
debt
Student
support
services
Food
services
Enterprise
operations
3
Operation
and
maintenance
Student
transportation
Other
support
services
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
United
States
........
$
29,383,542
$
11,982,509
$
9,782,578
$
12,262,012
$
870,731
$
5,262,613
$
39,526,645
$
8,196,236
Alabama
....................
322,180
162,239
77,287
268,786
0
171,898
518,782
56,016
Alaska
........................
153,257
40,575
2,311
31,727
5,409
4,925
104,780
17,210
Arizona
......................
453,182
134,737
192,667
171,701
25,818
28,041
1,342,733
7,103
Arkansas
...................
210,317
90,178
40,420
133,189
21,732
15,724
175,046
48,421
California
...................
3,395,541
886,406
1,512,002
1,362,268
10,394
663,236
4,688,499
241,666
Colorado
....................
385,775
122,234
407,321
136,659
11,993
38,260
628,792
216,791
Connecticut
...............
451,985
225,124
109,474
138,962
108,717
96,314
533,001
122,109
Delaware
...................
91,907
48,615
44,960
40,287
0
14,516
73,511
11,934
District
of
Columbia
...
80,096
28,488
25,302
27,958
0
1,784
43,842
16,235
Florida
.......................
1,475,807
564,554
424,241
663,668
0
459,476
2,099,396
522,379
Georgia
......................
685,685
311,183
219,409
464,880
6,524
44,952
1,354,965
176,722
Hawaii
........................
100,916
20,731
30,718
75,529
0
32,952
183,164
40,235
Idaho
.........................
115,051
56,220
22,819
54,167
0
3,507
148,922
28,549
Illinois
........................
1,404,090
624,746
377,108
472,759
0
121,406
2,241,468
289,817
Indiana
.......................
720,014
355,968
158,643
284,755
0
53,115
813,218
547,562
Iowa
...........................
258,157
96,550
89,665
138,412
94,824
21,400
340,189
48,837
Kansas
......................
297,631
115,328
75,776
142,090
0
3,089
226,510
84,673
Kentucky
....................
317,778
179,780
79,840
205,528
0
44,661
179,613
78,926
Louisiana
...................
356,503
222,082
84,044
290,415
53,738
17,627
418,660
99,868
Maine
.........................
142,021
66,769
25,836
52,508
51
16,550
83,417
32,961
Maryland
....................
574,526
301,689
150,593
189,185
93,621
20,903
928,053
67,906
Massachusetts
..........
713,594
356,282
165,024
246,807
0
83,754
154,450
182,270
Michigan
....................
1,358,512
514,848
593,625
372,999
0
320,671
2,034,936
463,254
Minnesota
..................
481,708
316,332
281,957
239,284
0
279,907
985,825
271,932
Mississippi
.................
229,799
92,344
37,788
162,303
554
16,001
467,260
53,901
Missouri
.....................
512,893
273,187
90,657
228,780
0
105,770
615,064
173,501
Montana
....................
96,651
41,402
21,187
38,139
790
6,426
79,177
11,475
Nebraska
...................
160,088
51,298
35,404
74,646
62,427
2,631
228,909
33,686
Nevada
......................
170,011
69,629
116,658
54,105
0
11,776
449,203
102,758
New
Hampshire
.........
110,295
58,421
12,253
45,827
0
3,305
84,178
26,033
New
Jersey
...............
1,319,881
674,909
267,422
319,721
59,057
165,775
1,003,338
206,797
New
Mexico
...............
177,066
89,682
28,273
85,053
1,337
10,971
286,883
30,669
New
York
...................
2,439,996
1,348,261
745,989
728,221
0
1,010,219
1,787,147
674,555
North
Carolina
...........
564,587
254,225
158,738
419,042
0
54,456
1,367,815
191,999
North
Dakota
.............
53,081
27,462
13,310
31,066
19,842
4,800
73,784
7,728
Ohio
...........................
1,140,213
285,098
835,810
439,540
3,525
369,125
1,208,148
221,747
Oklahoma
..................
345,276
101,466
83,786
183,295
32,065
10,464
290,924
34,491
Oregon
......................
359,698
150,863
179,156
120,451
6,112
25,653
342,512
99,643
Pennsylvania
.............
1,345,381
634,077
362,433
480,510
23,253
325,740
1,862,114
623,451
Rhode
Island
.............
101,507
52,875
17,650
35,129
0
7,885
29,026
20,779
South
Carolina
..........
340,626
114,653
90,559
205,459
18,657
45,706
708,276
99,649
South
Dakota
............
66,778
24,865
19,766
35,840
1,476
1,454
125,967
16,309
Tennessee
.................
419,748
157,887
62,574
233,308
0
24,753
670,141
98,497
Texas
.........................
2,446,417
586,383
717,036
1,187,430
0
157,648
3,955,227
953,452
Utah
...........................
182,391
58,701
39,416
110,589
11,579
59,763
372,519
78,265
Vermont
.....................
62,409
26,719
16,910
21,521
652
2,272
44,142
14,626
Virginia
......................
707,392
309,694
152,763
274,129
99,203
131,782
920,445
187,264
Washington
...............
604,203
239,208
188,077
199,490
96,698
33,210
1,046,791
271,573
West
Virginia
.............
205,667
126,321
26,395
116,821
47
29,321
177,663
13,992
Wisconsin
..................
600,434
264,472
251,286
204,560
78
85,286
956,796
265,409
Wyoming
...................
74,823
26,750
20,244
22,514
558
1,753
71,424
10,612
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
1,516
583
1,439
6,840
0
2,965
5,807
0
Guam
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
....
79
88
75
3,327
0
230
4,784
0
Puerto
Rico
...............
195,885
34,981
49,101
231,835
0
43,518
3,868
18,645
Virgin
Islands
.............
9,073
5,348
5,279
6,848
98
1,737
4,000
0
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
expenditures
for
adult
education,
community
colleges,
private
school
programs
funded
by
local
and
state
education
agencies,
and
community
services.
2
Includes
expenditures
for
property
and
for
building
and
alterations
completed
by
school
district
staff
or
contractors.
3
Includes
expenditures
for
operations
funded
by
sales
of
products
or
services
(
e.
g.,
school
bookstore
or
computer
time).
4
Includes
expenditures
for
health,
attendance,
and
speech
pathology
services.
5
Includes
expenditures
for
curriculum
development,
staff
training,
libraries,
and
media
and
computer
centers.

NOTE:
Excludes
expenditures
for
state
education
agencies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
186
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
163.
 
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1997
 
98
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
expenditures
Total
Current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
programs
Current
expenditures
for
public
schools
Instruction
Student
support
services
Total
Student
support
4
Instructional
staff
5
General
administration
School
administration
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
........
$
334,315,020
$
285,485,370
$
176,521,719
$
96,474,833
$
14,203,217
$
11,975,351
$
5,870,508
$
16,172,593
Alabama
....................
4,253,187
3,633,159
2,219,708
1,157,714
147,595
140,321
100,421
220,744
Alaska
........................
1,211,263
1,092,750
621,299
434,336
55,566
64,582
59,221
66,795
Arizona
......................
4,836,602
3,740,889
2,163,072
1,350,296
166,448
122,555
150,177
194,962
Arkansas
...................
2,382,510
2,149,237
1,362,690
635,730
94,234
84,877
72,674
50,854
California
...................
37,963,799
32,759,492
20,033,782
11,412,151
1,695,483
1,551,735
186,389
2,414,133
Colorado
....................
4,702,068
3,886,872
2,247,424
1,498,236
149,679
160,538
65,429
253,594
Connecticut
...............
5,360,422
4,763,653
3,031,206
1,504,057
255,820
149,454
92,437
262,770
Delaware
...................
920,608
830,731
514,269
275,908
38,064
11,614
8,841
46,799
District
of
Columbia
...
717,050
647,202
283,484
339,974
76,532
62,995
25,147
35,313
Florida
.......................
15,489,121
12,737,325
7,500,075
4,606,310
624,682
740,283
142,553
790,498
Georgia
......................
9,002,447
7,770,241
4,833,424
2,492,010
369,716
432,611
105,456
482,381
Hawaii
........................
1,302,860
1,112,351
712,023
328,520
58,092
36,144
5,081
74,853
Idaho
.........................
1,353,036
1,153,778
717,677
385,470
62,570
38,150
32,190
68,219
Illinois
........................
14,961,549
12,473,064
7,568,726
4,472,681
699,574
535,203
351,552
671,071
Indiana
.......................
7,565,185
6,234,563
3,897,221
2,061,399
267,544
186,098
111,595
347,453
Iowa
...........................
3,395,593
3,005,421
1,842,537
1,017,529
190,705
143,104
87,968
155,056
Kansas
......................
2,972,972
2,684,244
1,546,598
1,002,331
148,838
113,079
103,116
178,907
Kentucky
....................
3,759,844
3,489,205
2,133,659
1,153,036
127,885
169,656
106,624
184,275
Louisiana
...................
4,455,609
4,029,139
2,415,114
1,279,565
158,157
170,558
97,256
220,714
Maine
.........................
1,563,869
1,433,175
964,342
417,833
43,394
41,347
27,605
81,637
Maryland
....................
6,511,446
5,843,685
3,661,049
1,901,323
238,374
256,756
32,372
391,347
Massachusetts
..........
7,740,557
7,381,784
4,899,352
2,240,641
361,589
236,443
157,579
325,588
Michigan
....................
14,508,276
12,003,818
7,044,614
4,604,271
764,157
525,738
260,692
756,139
Minnesota
..................
6,808,821
5,452,571
3,423,447
1,804,163
174,989
284,310
83,155
227,466
Mississippi
.................
2,554,589
2,164,592
1,327,436
682,395
80,324
90,020
66,964
121,796
Missouri
.....................
5,876,065
5,067,720
3,108,316
1,740,933
226,426
207,321
154,554
306,426
Montana
....................
1,031,934
929,197
580,901
310,256
43,318
32,795
29,410
49,601
Nebraska
...................
1,971,715
1,743,775
1,096,002
517,114
69,940
60,614
62,252
88,761
Nevada
......................
2,032,499
1,570,576
944,837
575,767
61,108
54,461
23,383
114,334
New
Hampshire
.........
1,369,985
1,241,255
810,097
387,656
67,414
35,991
43,292
69,502
New
Jersey
...............
13,442,330
12,056,560
7,293,294
4,398,670
959,312
343,163
355,197
645,358
New
Mexico
...............
1,966,188
1,659,891
949,678
629,290
144,256
78,689
43,734
83,791
New
York
...................
29,879,111
25,332,735
17,220,209
7,412,444
951,018
639,995
535,309
1,037,932
North
Carolina
...........
7,858,020
6,497,648
4,072,780
2,015,605
327,403
236,028
129,024
421,994
North
Dakota
.............
668,209
599,443
367,111
183,738
19,090
14,702
28,887
28,549
Ohio
...........................
13,154,497
11,448,722
6,752,805
4,267,606
583,726
623,474
282,367
671,772
Oklahoma
..................
3,459,677
3,138,690
1,860,769
1,085,992
178,959
97,083
121,846
175,939
Oregon
......................
3,937,825
3,474,714
2,072,977
1,281,385
180,695
142,813
71,904
227,190
Pennsylvania
.............
15,723,939
13,084,859
8,338,422
4,261,130
600,437
437,749
382,292
581,984
Rhode
Island
.............
1,268,204
1,215,595
815,847
366,562
75,207
43,011
26,190
58,608
South
Carolina
..........
4,260,086
3,507,017
2,087,547
1,202,316
227,878
199,192
47,422
219,021
South
Dakota
............
792,448
665,082
409,201
218,910
26,404
22,488
19,042
37,296
Tennessee
.................
5,021,961
4,409,338
2,867,088
1,318,057
141,597
237,856
91,012
227,501
Texas
.........................
25,690,633
21,188,676
13,013,001
7,052,149
990,045
978,990
415,016
1,177,745
Utah
...........................
2,396,340
1,916,688
1,265,282
541,639
68,496
73,774
19,084
111,697
Vermont
.....................
829,696
749,786
486,174
240,947
45,209
22,998
21,559
50,023
Virginia
......................
7,837,596
6,736,863
4,108,526
2,275,431
320,125
384,781
68,914
401,260
Washington
...............
7,266,028
5,987,060
3,521,141
2,185,775
486,722
280,496
134,685
287,587
West
Virginia
.............
2,139,256
1,905,940
1,181,952
610,863
62,016
52,326
50,144
106,869
Wisconsin
..................
7,442,064
6,280,696
3,966,885
2,120,618
262,941
305,274
168,152
331,842
Wyoming
...................
705,430
603,901
366,647
216,104
33,463
21,118
13,341
36,650
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
39,536
33,088
14,030
11,307
3,871
2,169
590
1,839
Guam
.........................
168,864
168,716
88,743
65,623
17,133
2,789
1,663
8,678
Northern
Marianas
....
58,154
56,514
43,060
7,400
82
72
6,740
0
Puerto
Rico
...............
2,021,108
1,981,603
1,385,170
383,723
61,976
28,559
17,284
0
Virgin
Islands
.............
137,378
131,315
78,688
45,864
9,012
6,937
8,411
5,246
187
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
163.
 
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
state:
1997
 
98
 
Continued
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
expenditures
Current
expenditures
for
elementary
and
secondary
programs
Other
current
expenditures
1
Capital
outlay
2
Interest
on
school
debt
Student
support
services
Food
services
Enterprise
operations
3
Operation
and
maintenance
Student
transportation
Other
support
services
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
United
States
........
$
27,952,899
$
11,465,658
$
8,834,605
$
11,716,741
$
772,077
$
4,884,115
$
36,168,090
$
7,777,445
Alabama
....................
318,060
153,941
76,632
255,738
0
103,049
464,941
52,039
Alaska
........................
148,134
37,752
2,285
31,919
5,195
5,203
94,036
19,273
Arizona
......................
418,858
154,414
142,881
180,773
46,748
39,396
782,874
273,442
Arkansas
...................
206,792
88,249
38,049
128,808
22,009
13,128
170,680
49,464
California
...................
3,235,743
855,707
1,472,961
1,303,737
9,822
603,058
4,413,964
187,285
Colorado
....................
385,382
116,207
367,408
131,924
9,288
23,346
625,711
166,138
Connecticut
...............
433,559
214,915
95,102
128,477
99,913
89,769
393,420
113,580
Delaware
...................
80,409
47,711
42,471
40,553
0
14,443
63,209
12,226
District
of
Columbia
...
96,131
23,219
20,636
23,744
0
3,389
59,891
6,568
Florida
.......................
1,389,206
537,922
381,166
630,939
0
428,230
1,955,197
368,369
Georgia
......................
622,910
287,713
191,222
439,137
5,671
43,564
1,023,052
165,590
Hawaii
........................
99,849
20,147
34,353
71,809
0
32,421
122,344
35,744
Idaho
.........................
112,222
52,709
19,410
50,631
0
3,166
165,700
30,392
Illinois
........................
1,287,251
578,535
349,496
431,657
0
112,211
1,983,418
392,855
Indiana
.......................
672,192
337,456
139,060
275,943
0
47,385
775,837
507,401
Iowa
...........................
257,418
91,481
91,797
134,454
10,901
18,111
325,901
46,159
Kansas
......................
288,223
110,287
59,880
135,315
0
3,200
200,487
85,041
Kentucky
....................
315,701
177,706
71,190
202,509
0
43,038
158,000
69,602
Louisiana
...................
347,892
215,981
69,006
283,275
51,186
17,187
310,114
99,169
Maine
.........................
134,807
64,992
24,051
50,950
50
16,677
80,035
33,983
Maryland
....................
558,606
289,648
134,219
182,178
99,135
21,101
570,331
76,329
Massachusetts
..........
685,180
329,775
144,487
241,792
0
74,128
143,271
141,374
Michigan
....................
1,270,308
496,342
530,895
354,933
0
301,738
1,784,442
418,278
Minnesota
..................
463,496
303,436
267,312
224,961
0
256,272
870,072
229,907
Mississippi
.................
198,675
89,940
34,678
154,154
607
15,599
334,036
40,363
Missouri
.....................
492,936
274,288
78,983
218,471
0
104,760
555,460
148,126
Montana
....................
94,555
40,637
19,941
37,045
996
6,517
84,360
11,861
Nebraska
...................
154,335
49,410
31,801
69,726
60,933
3,006
195,257
29,676
Nevada
......................
156,292
62,529
103,661
49,972
0
11,117
340,992
109,813
New
Hampshire
.........
105,291
55,057
11,108
43,501
0
3,255
94,624
30,851
New
Jersey
...............
1,238,018
620,482
237,140
304,207
60,389
152,276
1,048,357
185,138
New
Mexico
...............
167,977
85,709
25,135
79,755
1,168
9,276
268,449
28,573
New
York
...................
2,273,966
1,269,761
704,464
700,082
0
997,765
2,894,218
654,393
North
Carolina
...........
530,537
239,886
130,733
409,263
0
51,067
1,078,480
230,826
North
Dakota
.............
52,357
28,524
11,629
30,143
18,451
4,750
56,900
7,116
Ohio
...........................
1,087,701
293,978
724,589
425,007
3,304
351,005
1,130,198
224,572
Oklahoma
..................
338,420
100,758
72,986
161,992
29,938
9,370
281,077
30,539
Oregon
......................
355,994
141,770
161,018
115,007
5,345
19,112
356,105
87,894
Pennsylvania
.............
1,300,242
605,726
352,701
465,755
19,552
309,519
1,671,199
658,362
Rhode
Island
.............
97,651
50,157
15,739
33,186
0
7,087
25,185
20,338
South
Carolina
..........
317,973
107,987
82,843
198,017
19,137
42,070
619,024
91,975
South
Dakota
............
66,481
24,563
22,636
34,423
2,548
974
111,261
15,130
Tennessee
.................
411,647
150,516
57,927
224,193
0
22,172
494,962
95,488
Texas
.........................
2,352,424
574,831
563,098
1,123,527
0
132,534
3,568,199
801,224
Utah
...........................
177,180
55,287
36,121
103,713
6,055
56,239
355,873
67,540
Vermont
.....................
60,668
24,899
15,591
22,024
640
2,258
63,540
14,112
Virginia
......................
669,244
295,995
135,112
261,147
91,760
140,543
784,985
175,204
Washington
...............
584,794
232,453
179,037
189,096
91,049
30,915
992,988
255,065
West
Virginia
.............
191,567
121,145
26,796
112,938
186
28,007
191,060
14,250
Wisconsin
..................
576,211
258,297
217,901
193,092
101
58,227
946,518
156,623
Wyoming
...................
71,434
24,828
15,269
21,150
0
1,488
87,855
12,185
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
868
707
1,263
7,751
0
2,831
3,617
0
Guam
.........................
20,837
7,863
6,660
10,775
3,575
56
92
0
Northern
Marianas
....
155
291
60
3,335
2,718
450
1,190
0
Puerto
Rico
...............
196,202
36,878
42,823
212,710
0
36,454
3,051
0
Virgin
Islands
.............
5,726
5,411
5,121
6,241
522
2,336
3,727
0
1
Includes
expenditures
for
adult
education,
community
colleges,
private
school
programs
funded
by
local
and
state
education
agencies,
and
community
services.
2
Includes
expenditures
for
property
and
for
building
and
alterations
completed
by
school
district
staff
or
contractors.
3
Includes
expenditures
for
operations
funded
by
sales
of
products
or
services
(
e.
g.,
school
bookstore
or
computer
time).
Also,
includes
small
amounts
for
direct
program
support
made
by
state
education
agencies
for
local
school
districts
4
Includes
expenditures
for
health,
attendance,
and
speech
pathology
services.
5
Includes
expenditures
for
curriculum
development,
staff
training,
libraries,
and
media
and
computer
centers.

NOTE:
Excludes
expenditures
for
state
education
agencies.
Revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
188
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
164.
 
Summary
of
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
purpose:
1919
 
20
to
1998
 
99
Purpose
of
expenditures
1919
 
20
1929
 
30
1939
 
40
1949
 
50
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Amounts
in
thousands
of
dollars
Total
expenditures
.......................
$
1,036,151
$
2,316,790
$
2,344,049
$
5,837,643
$
15,613,255
$
40,683,429
$
95,961,561
$
212,769,564
$
334,315,020
$
355,859,449
Current
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education
.......
861,120
1,843,552
1,941,799
4,687,274
12,329,389
34,217,773
86,984,142
188,229,359
285,485,370
302,873,955
Administration
.................
36,752
78,680
91,571
220,050
528,408
1,606,646
4,263,757
2
16,346,991
2
22,043,102
2
23,296,737
Instruction
.......................
632,556
1,317,727
1,403,285
3,112,340
8,350,738
23,270,158
53,257,937
2
113,550,405
2
176,521,719
2
186,756,251
Plant
operation
................
115,707
216,072
194,365
427,587
1,085,036
2,537,257
3
9,744,785
2
20,261,415
2
27,952,899
2
29,383,542
Plant
maintenance
..........
30,432
78,810
73,321
214,164
422,586
974,941
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Fixed
charges
.................
9,286
50,270
50,116
261,469
909,323
3,266,920
11,793,934
 
 
 
Other
school
services
4
...
36,387
101,993
129,141
451,663
1,033,297
2,561,856
7,923,729
2
38,070,548
2
58,967,650
2
63,437,425
Other
current
expenditures
....
3,277
9,825
13,367
35,614
132,566
635,803
597,585
2,982,543
4,884,115
5,262,613
Summer
schools
.............
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
13,263
106,481
24,753
 
 
 
Adult
education
5
.............
3,277
9,825
13,367
35,614
26,858
128,778
 
 
 
 
Community
colleges
.......
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
34,492
138,813
 
 
 
 
Community
services
.......
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
57,953
261,731
572,832
 
 
 
Capital
outlay
6
.......................
153,543
370,878
257,974
1,014,176
2,661,786
4,659,072
6,506,167
17,781,342
36,168,090
39,526,645
Interest
on
school
debt
..........
18,212
92,536
130,909
100,578
489,514
1,170,782
1,873,666
3,776,321
7,777,445
8,196,236
Percentage
distribution
Total
expenditures
.......................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Current
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education
.......
83.1
79.6
82.8
80.3
79.0
84.1
90.6
88.5
85.4
85.1
Administration
.................
3.5
3.4
3.9
3.8
3.4
3.9
4.4
2
7.7
2
6.6
2
6.5
Instruction
.......................
61.0
56.9
59.9
53.3
53.5
57.2
55.5
2
53.4
2
52.8
2
52.5
Plant
operation
................
11.2
9.3
8.3
7.3
6.9
6.2
3
10.2
2
9.5
2
8.4
2
8.3
Plant
maintenance
..........
2.9
3.4
3.1
3.7
2.7
2.4
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Fixed
charges
.................
0.9
2.2
2.1
4.5
5.8
8.0
12.3
 
 
 
Other
school
services
4
...
3.5
4.4
5.5
7.7
6.6
6.3
8.3
17.9
17.6
17.8
Other
current
expenditures
....
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.6
0.6
1.4
1.5
1.5
Summer
schools
.............
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
0.1
0.3
(
7)
 
 
 
Adult
education
5
.............
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.2
0.3
 
 
 
 
Community
colleges
.......
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
(
5)
0.2
0.3
 
 
 
 
Community
services
.......
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
0.4
0.6
0.6
 
 
 
Capital
outlay
6
........................
14.8
16.0
11.0
17.4
17.0
11.5
6.8
8.4
10.8
11.1
Interest
on
school
debt
...........
1.8
4.0
5.6
1.7
3.1
2.9
2.0
1.8
2.3
2.3
 
Not
available.
1
Revised
from
previously
published
data.
2
Data
not
comparable
to
figures
prior
to
1989
 
90.
3
Plant
operation
also
includes
plant
maintenance.
4
Prior
to
1959
 
60,
items
included
under
``
other
school
services''
were
listed
under
``
auxiliary
services,''
a
more
comprehensive
classification
that
also
included
community
services.
5
Prior
to
1959
 
60,
data
shown
for
adult
education
represent
combined
expenditures
for
adult
education,
summer
schools,
and
community
colleges.
6
Prior
to
1969
 
70,
excludes
capital
outlay
by
state
and
local
school
housing
authorities
7
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Beginning
in
1959
 
60,
includes
Alaska
and
Hawaii.
Beginning
in
1989
 
90,
state
administration
expenditures
were
excluded
from
both
``
total''
and
``
current''
expenditures
Beginning
in
1989
 
90,
extensive
changes
were
made
in
the
data
collection
procedures
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
189
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
165.
 
Total
expenditures
for
public
elementary
and
secondary
education,
by
function
and
subfunction:
1990
 
91
to
1998
 
99
Items
Expenditures
(
in
thousands)
Percentage
distribution
1990
 
91
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
1990
 
91
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
expenditures
........................
$
229,429,715
$
279,000,318
$
293,646,490
$
313,151,046
$
334,315,020
$
355,859,449
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Current
expenditures
for
public
schools
.........................
202,037,752
243,877,582
255,106,683
270,174,298
285,485,370
302,873,955
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Salaries
...................................
3
132,730,931
158,914,976
165,806,160
175,027,817
185,562,032
196,647,794
65.70
65.16
64.99
64.78
65.00
64.93
Employee
benefits
..................
3
33,954,456
43,107,541
44,786,697
47,114,573
48,052,788
50,190,897
16.81
17.68
17.56
17.44
16.83
16.57
Purchased
services
................
3
16,380,643
20,643,153
21,579,562
23,043,447
24,603,876
27,106,561
8.11
8.46
8.46
8.53
8.62
8.95
Tuition
.....................................
3
1,192,505
1,476,697
1,590,468
1,647,913
1,841,703
2,224,354
0.59
0.61
0.62
0.61
0.65
0.73
Supplies
..................................
3
14,805,956
17,362,430
18,756,157
20,389,846
22,667,152
23,588,785
7.33
7.12
7.35
7.55
7.94
7.79
Other
.......................................
3
2,973,261
2,372,785
2,587,639
2,950,702
2,757,819
3,115,563
1.47
0.97
1.01
1.09
0.97
1.03
Instruction
...............................
122,223,362
150,556,118
157,473,978
167,148,760
176,521,719
186,756,251
60.50
61.73
61.73
61.87
61.83
61.66
Salaries
...............................
90,742,284
109,702,815
114,580,985
121,173,303
128,329,486
135,570,688
44.91
44.98
44.91
44.85
44.95
44.76
Employee
benefits
..............
22,347,524
29,190,486
30,299,566
31,977,911
32,628,651
34,033,307
11.06
11.97
11.88
11.84
11.43
11.24
Purchased
services
.............
2,722,639
3,823,789
3,825,111
4,303,176
4,856,464
5,498,994
1.35
1.57
1.50
1.59
1.70
1.82
Tuition
.................................
1,192,505
1,476,697
1,590,468
1,647,913
1,841,703
2,224,354
0.59
0.61
0.62
0.61
0.65
0.73
Supplies
..............................
4,584,754
5,764,061
6,513,488
7,132,494
8,175,671
8,593,120
2.27
2.36
2.55
2.64
2.86
2.84
Other
...................................
633,656
598,269
664,360
913,963
689,745
835,787
0.31
0.25
0.26
0.34
0.24
0.28
Student
support
4
....................
8,926,010
11,679,127
12,266,136
13,156,181
14,203,217
15,239,907
4.42
4.79
4.81
4.87
4.98
5.03
Salaries
...............................
6,565,965
8,519,771
8,885,707
9,514,899
10,336,316
11,010,542
3.25
3.49
3.48
3.52
3.62
3.64
Employee
benefits
..............
1,660,082
2,212,775
2,307,480
2,469,665
2,540,297
2,707,433
0.82
0.91
0.90
0.91
0.89
0.89
Purchased
services
.............
455,996
657,236
687,300
786,238
869,043
1,042,862
0.23
0.27
0.27
0.29
0.30
0.34
Supplies
..............................
191,482
238,876
247,262
271,861
333,256
351,480
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.12
0.12
Other
...................................
52,485
50,469
138,387
113,518
124,305
127,590
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
Instructional
staff
services
5
....
8,467,142
9,654,676
10,070,241
10,902,511
11,975,351
13,299,688
4.19
3.96
3.95
4.04
4.19
4.39
Salaries
...............................
5,560,129
6,162,669
6,418,530
6,864,925
7,473,475
8,212,069
2.75
2.53
2.52
2.54
2.62
2.71
Employee
benefits
..............
1,408,217
1,638,271
1,719,377
1,808,095
1,901,615
2,032,524
0.70
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
Purchased
services
.............
622,487
898,500
925,403
1,117,153
1,305,027
1,539,306
0.31
0.37
0.36
0.41
0.46
0.51
Supplies
..............................
776,863
872,394
918,189
1,019,998
1,130,937
1,294,956
0.38
0.36
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.43
Other
...................................
99,445
82,842
88,743
92,340
164,296
220,834
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.07
General
administration
...........
5,791,253
5,731,420
5,878,493
6,045,512
5,870,508
6,120,740
2.87
2.35
2.30
2.24
2.06
2.02
Salaries
...............................
2,603,562
2,808,090
2,901,172
2,964,163
2,805,887
2,928,027
1.29
1.15
1.14
1.10
0.98
0.97
Employee
benefits
..............
777,381
844,267
828,483
889,654
817,672
862,296
0.38
0.35
0.32
0.33
0.29
0.28
Purchased
services
.............
1,482,427
1,563,558
1,626,178
1,631,620
1,679,809
1,757,862
0.73
0.64
0.64
0.60
0.59
0.58
Supplies
..............................
172,898
177,448
185,831
191,821
180,464
173,157
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.06
Other
...................................
754,985
338,056
336,828
368,254
386,677
399,398
0.37
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.13
School
administration
.............
11,695,344
14,146,428
14,831,159
15,557,544
16,172,593
17,175,997
5.79
5.80
5.81
5.76
5.66
5.67
Salaries
...............................
8,935,903
10,680,024
11,156,460
11,703,253
12,230,104
13,007,594
4.42
4.38
4.37
4.33
4.28
4.29
Employee
benefits
..............
2,257,783
2,796,440
2,963,991
3,086,808
3,107,078
3,237,962
1.12
1.15
1.16
1.14
1.09
1.07
Purchased
services
.............
247,750
358,651
384,908
419,889
457,449
502,354
0.12
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.17
Supplies
..............................
189,711
243,681
256,857
280,176
298,535
335,854
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
Other
...................................
64,197
67,632
68,943
67,419
79,427
92,233
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
Operation
and
maintenance
...
21,290,655
24,542,922
25,724,062
26,837,270
27,952,899
29,383,542
10.54
10.06
10.08
9.93
9.79
9.70
Salaries
...............................
8,849,559
10,117,056
10,454,854
10,862,220
11,387,631
12,043,657
4.38
4.15
4.10
4.02
3.99
3.98
Employee
benefits
..............
2,633,075
3,027,306
3,129,632
3,225,659
3,237,453
3,356,546
1.30
1.24
1.23
1.19
1.13
1.11
Purchased
services
.............
5,721,125
7,261,776
7,698,704
7,944,475
7,758,819
8,379,725
2.83
2.98
3.02
2.94
2.72
2.77
Supplies
..............................
3,761,738
3,927,664
4,214,201
4,578,783
5,355,989
5,383,371
1.86
1.61
1.65
1.69
1.88
1.78
Other
...................................
325,157
209,120
226,670
226,132
213,007
220,242
0.16
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.07
Transportation
.........................
8,678,954
9,889,034
10,396,426
10,989,809
11,465,658
11,982,509
4.30
4.05
4.08
4.07
4.02
3.96
Salaries
...............................
3,285,127
3,775,214
3,933,969
4,133,895
4,350,345
4,571,334
1.63
1.55
1.54
1.53
1.52
1.51
Employee
benefits
..............
892,985
1,138,485
1,207,961
1,288,101
1,284,889
1,337,494
0.44
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.45
0.44
Purchased
services
.............
3,345,232
4,016,400
4,257,805
4,513,187
4,828,819
5,129,769
1.66
1.65
1.67
1.67
1.69
1.69
Supplies
..............................
961,447
800,344
836,450
879,912
872,326
830,176
0.48
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.31
0.27
Other
...................................
194,163
158,590
160,239
174,714
129,279
113,737
0.10
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
Other
support
services
6
.........
5,587,837
6,708,262
7,039,408
7,553,988
8,834,605
9,782,578
2.77
2.75
2.76
2.80
3.09
3.23
Salaries
...............................
2,900,394
3,286,071
3,450,836
3,662,866
4,320,146
4,762,622
1.44
1.35
1.35
1.36
1.51
1.57
Employee
benefits
..............
980,859
1,136,286
1,182,229
1,202,286
1,315,716
1,382,938
0.49
0.47
0.46
0.45
0.46
0.46
Purchased
services
.............
798,922
1,262,449
1,362,961
1,472,586
1,937,341
2,223,785
0.40
0.52
0.53
0.55
0.68
0.73
Supplies
..............................
294,527
372,852
398,534
448,945
517,132
540,694
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.18
Other
...................................
613,135
650,604
644,849
767,305
744,270
872,539
0.30
0.27
0.25
0.28
0.26
0.29
Food
services
.........................
8,430,490
10,268,542
10,648,844
11,268,577
11,716,741
12,262,012
4.17
4.21
4.17
4.17
4.10
4.05
Salaries
...............................
 
3,697,705
3,844,285
3,975,765
4,134,433
4,351,776
 
1.52
1.51
1.47
1.45
1.44
Employee
benefits
..............
 
1,081,221
1,103,433
1,133,363
1,182,427
1,205,887
 
0.44
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.40
Purchased
services
.............
 
629,266
627,902
694,803
744,078
824,230
 
0.26
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.27
Supplies
..............................
 
4,718,569
4,916,299
5,324,747
5,517,283
5,748,950
 
1.93
1.93
1.97
1.93
1.90
Other
...................................
 
141,782
156,924
139,900
138,520
131,169
 
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
Enterprise
operations
7
...........
946,705
701,053
777,937
714,144
772,077
870,731
0.47
0.29
0.30
0.26
0.27
0.29
Salaries
...............................
 
165,562
179,360
172,528
194,208
189,484
 
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06
Employee
benefits
..............
 
42,003
44,545
33,030
36,990
34,509
 
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
Purchased
services
.............
 
171,526
183,288
160,320
167,026
207,675
 
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.07
Supplies
..............................
 
246,541
269,046
261,109
285,560
337,028
 
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.11
Other
...................................
 
75,420
101,697
87,157
88,293
102,034
 
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
Other
current
expenditures
.....
3,295,717
5,148,505
4,724,659
4,649,138
4,884,115
5,262,613
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Community
services
............
964,370
1,933,565
1,728,669
1,607,666
1,782,128
1,938,958
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Private
school
programs
.....
527,609
569,851
781,148
829,983
854,641
919,716
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Adult
education
...................
1,365,523
1,460,149
1,500,438
1,457,779
1,487,927
1,589,147
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Community
colleges
............
5,356
83,573
7,746
8,290
144
176
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Other
...................................
432,858
1,101,367
706,657
745,420
759,275
814,616
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Capital
outlay
8
........................
19,771,478
24,456,100
27,555,667
31,429,074
36,168,090
39,526,645
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Interest
on
school
debt
...........
4,324,768
5,518,131
6,259,480
6,898,536
7,777,445
8,196,236
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

 
Not
available.
1
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
2
Not
applicable.
3
Includes
estimated
data
for
subfunctions
of
food
services
and
enterprise
operations.
4
Includes
expenditures
for
guidance,
health,
attendance,
and
speech
pathology
services
5
Includes
expenditures
for
curriculum
development,
staff
training,
libraries,
and
media
and
computer
centers.
6
Includes
business
support
services
concerned
with
paying,
transporting,
exchanging,
and
maintaining
goods
and
services
for
local
education
agencies;
central
support
services
including
planning,
research,
evaluation,
information,
staff,
and
data
processing
services;
and
other
support
services.
7
Includes
expenditures
for
operations
funded
by
sales
of
products
or
services
(
e.
g.,
school
bookstore
or
computer
time).
Includes
very
small
amounts
for
direct
program
support
made
by
state
education
agencies
for
local
school
districts.

8
Includes
expenditures
for
property,
and
for
buildings
and
alterations
completed
by
school
district
staff
or
contractors.

NOTE:
Excludes
expenditures
for
state
education
agencies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
190
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
166.
 
Expenditures
for
instruction
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
subfunction
and
state:
1997
 
98
and
1998
 
99
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
1997
 
98
1
1998
 
99
Total
Salaries
Employee
benefits
Purchased
services
2
Supplies
Tuition
and
other
Total
Salaries
Employee
benefits
Purchased
services
2
Supplies
Tuition
and
other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
.....................
$
176,521,719
$
128,329,486
$
32,628,651
$
4,856,464
$
8,175,671
$
2,531,448
$
186,756,251
$
135,570,688
$
34,033,307
$
5,498,994
$
8,593,120
$
3,060,142
Alabama
..................................
2,219,708
1,619,273
403,385
36,273
153,106
7,671
2,400,979
1,826,339
362,776
50,303
150,818
10,742
Alaska
.....................................
621,299
437,680
111,020
22,222
29,530
20,847
643,949
438,500
119,980
25,273
33,856
26,340
Arizona
....................................
2,163,072
1,782,425
277,108
22,593
40,375
40,572
2,380,620
1,705,675
298,811
37,387
42,473
296,274
Arkansas
.................................
1,362,690
1,021,738
239,117
26,685
66,146
9,005
1,436,486
1,088,391
245,305
27,292
66,116
9,383
California
.................................
20,033,782
14,167,958
3,865,786
611,903
968,731
419,405
20,972,433
15,327,989
3,496,465
732,636
958,488
456,855
Colorado
.................................
2,247,424
1,686,162
313,782
58,181
141,002
48,296
2,410,400
1,786,895
323,137
44,076
154,337
101,955
Connecticut
.............................
3,031,206
2,193,508
516,912
71,878
85,068
163,840
3,225,862
2,302,192
555,164
89,154
97,713
181,638
Delaware
.................................
514,269
346,624
116,540
11,889
28,099
11,116
534,174
367,553
113,047
13,052
27,233
13,289
District
of
Columbia
................
283,484
238,180
21,449
1,706
15,894
6,255
314,468
240,489
36,458
4,022
19,237
14,263
Florida
.....................................
7,500,075
4,925,952
1,622,981
558,360
319,133
73,650
7,925,242
5,213,385
1,670,278
596,028
373,103
72,447
Georgia
...................................
4,833,424
3,577,240
973,041
50,941
227,041
5,162
5,339,447
3,956,375
1,074,712
58,676
243,559
6,125
Hawaii
.....................................
712,023
489,234
162,221
20,399
38,042
2,126
718,107
531,298
134,127
21,955
28,289
2,437
Idaho
.......................................
717,677
511,439
146,180
16,199
43,360
500
767,909
543,896
152,093
18,833
52,437
651
Illinois
......................................
7,568,726
5,701,654
1,171,996
228,118
326,477
140,481
8,240,926
6,107,325
1,373,171
250,251
356,895
153,284
Indiana
....................................
3,897,221
2,752,589
954,189
46,951
136,769
6,723
4,183,169
2,879,356
1,111,766
50,395
135,434
6,217
Iowa
........................................
1,842,537
1,320,588
319,745
55,512
118,322
28,370
1,828,806
1,367,287
331,037
40,609
71,504
18,368
Kansas
....................................
1,546,598
1,212,975
218,725
29,437
77,804
7,656
1,632,547
1,287,017
230,970
25,281
81,148
8,130
Kentucky
.................................
2,133,659
1,609,000
384,155
40,341
90,586
9,577
2,249,562
1,705,386
389,662
44,012
100,066
10,436
Louisiana
................................
2,415,114
1,766,451
477,122
33,796
132,596
5,150
2,576,840
1,874,022
511,994
36,619
150,072
4,134
Maine
......................................
964,342
634,910
215,522
32,452
31,559
49,899
1,015,728
664,364
227,272
37,122
33,946
53,024
Maryland
.................................
3,661,049
2,455,991
865,351
79,498
110,953
149,257
3,791,102
2,554,767
857,653
82,328
126,535
169,818
Massachusetts
........................
4,899,352
3,301,154
876,602
384,022
152,010
185,564
5,295,485
3,542,334
940,814
455,084
160,049
197,205
Michigan
.................................
7,044,614
4,950,039
1,611,958
146,707
295,323
40,587
7,432,224
5,208,818
1,665,960
190,415
324,976
42,055
Minnesota
...............................
3,423,447
2,558,078
618,012
97,466
125,209
24,683
3,647,489
2,725,895
639,417
118,625
137,733
25,819
Mississippi
...............................
1,327,436
977,570
234,123
23,325
85,614
6,804
1,384,027
1,021,216
242,752
26,709
85,729
7,620
Missouri
..................................
3,108,316
2,350,141
429,395
70,767
248,116
9,896
3,293,321
2,483,246
459,945
79,659
258,828
11,644
Montana
..................................
580,901
414,316
109,929
16,993
37,056
2,606
597,772
426,127
111,694
18,141
39,408
2,402
Nebraska
................................
1,096,002
812,701
193,173
24,120
43,200
22,808
1,145,752
837,559
203,535
29,488
47,335
27,834
Nevada
...................................
944,837
699,627
193,498
8,901
41,507
1,303
1,040,680
762,628
215,977
13,446
46,887
1,741
New
Hampshire
......................
810,097
583,864
120,741
22,671
27,220
55,602
858,974
612,662
127,787
26,836
28,130
63,560
New
Jersey
.............................
7,293,294
5,441,938
1,097,755
68,433
291,355
393,813
7,705,505
5,443,770
1,459,390
77,072
291,762
433,511
New
Mexico
............................
949,678
698,520
173,606
16,137
61,188
226
1,015,367
752,588
184,140
17,282
61,157
201
New
York
................................
17,220,209
12,847,148
3,437,705
445,072
487,425
2,859
18,227,087
13,656,424
3,537,953
511,968
517,733
3,009
North
Carolina
........................
4,072,780
3,062,158
714,753
71,913
219,690
4,267
4,458,396
3,386,533
753,989
77,116
236,910
3,847
North
Dakota
..........................
367,111
265,559
70,332
10,827
17,745
2,648
382,138
275,649
72,370
11,638
19,468
3,013
Ohio
........................................
6,752,805
4,926,994
1,276,454
144,044
305,682
99,631
7,198,914
5,178,270
1,376,472
169,726
336,077
138,369
Oklahoma
...............................
1,860,769
1,339,600
328,419
35,636
144,707
12,407
2,000,616
1,440,562
325,114
50,583
172,909
11,447
Oregon
....................................
2,072,977
1,392,312
460,913
84,291
118,289
17,172
2,195,694
1,429,889
490,771
120,429
136,365
18,240
Pennsylvania
..........................
8,338,422
5,976,297
1,683,304
287,549
276,356
114,916
8,575,108
6,205,356
1,628,216
311,648
306,662
123,226
Rhode
Island
..........................
815,847
573,429
177,355
18,586
19,265
27,212
851,859
601,340
177,242
22,380
20,986
29,911
South
Carolina
........................
2,087,547
1,553,530
374,287
33,276
101,518
24,936
2,242,844
1,652,753
403,978
43,587
115,097
27,428
South
Dakota
..........................
409,201
296,637
65,385
13,523
24,973
8,683
424,211
305,161
66,126
18,100
28,345
6,479
Tennessee
..............................
2,867,088
2,085,760
411,565
46,889
316,031
6,844
3,032,953
2,188,784
479,007
49,196
307,980
7,986
Texas
......................................
13,013,001
10,255,001
1,336,755
365,176
931,035
125,034
13,571,196
10,708,524
1,422,926
383,827
919,530
136,388
Utah
........................................
1,265,282
864,858
302,586
27,921
60,442
9,476
1,328,807
906,680
322,064
27,930
65,157
6,977
Vermont
..................................
486,174
341,020
81,461
21,758
15,986
25,949
512,432
358,295
85,990
22,745
18,036
27,366
Virginia
....................................
4,108,526
3,039,035
813,721
67,618
182,822
5,331
4,340,680
3,205,919
877,515
60,407
192,772
4,067
Washington
.............................
3,521,141
2,473,464
718,747
138,166
161,098
29,666
3,646,974
2,528,413
745,395
155,780
186,227
31,158
West
Virginia
..........................
1,181,952
811,348
318,935
14,828
36,485
357
1,230,925
836,669
328,141
16,431
49,381
302
Wisconsin
...............................
3,966,885
2,725,570
947,426
81,183
149,796
62,911
4,138,977
2,844,762
992,455
94,025
157,523
50,211
Wyoming
.................................
366,647
260,248
73,429
13,333
17,934
1,703
391,091
275,360
80,293
13,416
20,709
1,313
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
....................
14,030
10,577
2,045
364
783
261
15,014
10,599
2,049
625
1,454
286
Guam
......................................
88,743
73,179
15,408
2
141
13
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..................
43,060
29,233
7,957
2,648
3,167
55
40,667
29,473
7,867
2,064
1,206
57
Puerto
Rico
.............................
1,385,170
1,157,938
154,123
6,130
18,594
48,386
1,386,049
1,124,301
154,021
6,808
36,998
63,921
Virgin
Islands
..........................
78,688
60,833
15,292
629
903
1,030
89,700
69,083
18,114
617
1,246
639
 
Not
available.

1
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

2
Includes
purchased
professional
services
of
teachers
or
others
who
provide
instruction
for
students
and
travel
for
instructional
staff.

NOTE:
Excludes
expenditures
for
state
education
agencies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.

(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
191
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
167.
 
Total
and
current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools:
1919
 
20
to
2000
 
01
School
year
Expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
Expenditure
per
pupil
in
fall
enrollment
1
Unadjusted
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
2
Unadjusted
dollars
Constant
2000
 
01
dollars
2
Total
expenditure
Current
expenditure
Total
expenditure
Current
expenditure
Total
expenditure
Current
expenditure
Total
expenditure
Current
expenditure
Annual
percent
change
in
current
expenditure
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1919
 
20
.....
$
64
$
53
$
588
$
490
$
48
$
40
$
440
$
367
 
1929
 
30
.....
108
87
1,110
887
90
72
919
734
 
1931
 
32
.....
97
81
1,176
985
82
69
996
834
 
1933
 
34
.....
76
67
1,008
892
65
57
856
758
 
1935
 
36
.....
88
74
1,121
947
74
63
948
801
 
1937
 
38
.....
100
84
1,219
1,025
86
72
1,046
880
 
1939
 
40
.....
106
88
1,325
1,104
92
76
1,148
957
 
1941
 
42
.....
110
98
1,236
1,104
94
84
1,058
945
 
1943
 
44
.....
125
117
1,253
1,176
105
99
1,056
990
 
1945
 
46
.....
146
136
1,400
1,309
124
116
1,193
1,115
 
1947
 
48
.....
205
181
1,539
1,364
179
158
1,344
1,191
 
1949
 
50
.....
260
210
1,925
1,555
231
187
1,708
1,380
 
1951
 
52
.....
314
246
2,095
1,639
275
215
1,834
1,435
 
1953
 
54
.....
351
265
2,285
1,724
312
236
2,032
1,533
 
1955
 
56
.....
387
294
2,521
1,916
354
269
2,304
1,752
 
1957
 
58
.....
447
341
2,743
2,092
408
311
2,502
1,908
 
1959
 
60
.....
471
375
2,807
2,235
440
350
2,622
2,088
 
1961
 
62
.....
517
419
3,012
2,441
485
393
2,827
2,290
 
1963
 
64
.....
559
460
3,172
2,613
520
428
2,952
2,432
 
1965
 
66
.....
654
538
3,588
2,951
607
499
3,331
2,739
 
1967
 
68
.....
786
658
4,049
3,389
732
612
3,767
3,153
 
1969
 
70
.....
955
816
4,427
3,782
879
751
4,075
3,482
 
1970
 
71
.....
1,049
911
4,626
4,016
970
842
4,276
3,713
6.6
1971
 
72
.....
1,128
990
4,799
4,211
1,034
908
4,401
3,862
4.0
1972
 
73
.....
1,211
1,077
4,952
4,405
1,117
993
4,567
4,063
5.2
1973
 
74
.....
1,364
1,207
5,122
4,533
1,244
1,101
4,670
4,134
1.7
1974
 
75
.....
1,545
1,365
5,222
4,613
1,423
1,257
4,811
4,250
2.8
1975
 
76
.....
1,697
1,504
5,359
4,747
1,563
1,385
4,934
4,371
2.9
1976
 
77
.....
1,816
1,638
5,418
4,885
1,674
1,509
4,993
4,502
3.0
1977
 
78
.....
2,002
1,823
5,598
5,096
1,842
1,677
5,148
4,687
4.1
1978
 
79
.....
2,210
2,020
5,649
5,164
2,029
1,855
5,187
4,743
1.2
1979
 
80
.....
2,491
2,272
5,617
5,124
2,290
2,088
5,164
4,710
 
0.7
1980
 
81
.....
3
2,742
2,502
3
5,543
5,056
3
2,529
2,307
3
5,113
4,664
 
1.0
1981
 
82
.....
3
2,973
2,726
3
5,532
5,071
3
2,754
2,525
3
5,125
4,698
0.7
1982
 
83
.....
3
3,203
2,955
3
5,715
5,272
3
2,966
2,736
3
5,291
4,882
3.9
1983
 
84
.....
3
3,471
3,173
3
5,971
5,459
3
3,216
2,940
3
5,532
5,057
3.6
1984
 
85
.....
3
3,722
3,470
3
6,161
5,745
3
3,456
3,222
3
5,721
5,334
5.5
1985
 
86
.....
3
4,020
3,756
3
6,468
6,043
3
3,724
3,479
3
5,992
5,599
5.0
1986
 
87
.....
3
4,308
3,970
3
6,781
6,250
3
3,995
3,682
3
6,288
5,796
3.5
1987
 
88
.....
3
4,654
4,240
3
7,034
6,409
3
4,310
3,927
3
6,514
5,935
2.4
1988
 
89
.....
5,109
4,645
7,382
6,710
4,738
4,307
6,845
6,223
4.8
1989
 
90
.....
5,550
4,980
7,653
6,867
5,174
4,643
7,135
6,402
2.9
1990
 
91
.....
5,885
5,258
7,694
6,874
5,486
4,902
7,173
6,409
0.1
1991
 
92
.....
6,074
5,421
7,695
6,868
5,629
5,023
7,131
6,364
 
0.7
1992
 
93
.....
6,281
5,584
7,717
6,860
5,804
5,160
7,130
6,338
 
0.4
1993
 
94
.....
6,492
5,767
7,774
6,906
5,996
5,327
7,180
6,379
0.6
1994
 
95
.....
6,725
5,989
7,829
6,972
6,208
5,529
7,227
6,436
0.9
1995
 
96
.....
6,962
6,147
7,890
6,966
6,443
5,689
7,302
6,447
0.2
1996
 
97
.....
7,300
6,393
8,043
7,044
6,764
5,923
7,453
6,527
1.2
1997
 
98
.....
7,703
6,676
8,339
7,227
7,142
6,189
7,731
6,700
2.7
1998
 
99
.....
8,118
7,013
8,639
7,463
7,533
6,508
8,016
6,925
3.4
1999
 
2000
3
8,496
7,340
8,787
7,591
7,885
6,811
8,155
7,045
1.7
2000
 
01
3
...
8,830
7,628
8,830
7,628
8,194
7,079
8,194
7,079
0.5
 
Not
available.
1
Data
for
1919
 
20
to
1953
 
54
are
based
on
school­
year
enrollment.
2
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
adjusted
to
a
school­
year
basis.
3
Estimated.

NOTE:
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
state
administration
expenditures
are
excluded
from
both
``
total''
and
``
current''
expenditures.
Beginning
in
1988
 
89,
extensive
changes
were
made
in
the
data
collection
procedures.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
192
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
168.
 
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1959
 
60
to
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
Unadjusted
dollars
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
..............
$
375
$
816
$
2,272
$
2,502
$
3,756
$
4,980
$
5,258
$
5,584
$
5,767
$
5,989
$
6,147
$
6,393
$
6,676
$
7,013
Alabama
..........................
241
544
1,612
1,985
2,565
3,327
3,627
3,761
4,037
4,405
4,716
4,903
5,166
5,512
Alaska
..............................
546
1,123
4,728
5,688
8,304
8,431
8,330
8,735
8,882
8,963
9,012
9,097
9,074
9,209
Arizona
............................
404
720
1,971
2,258
3,336
4,053
4,309
4,510
4,611
4,778
4,860
4,940
5,122
5,235
Arkansas
..........................
225
568
1,574
1,701
2,658
3,485
3,700
4,124
4,280
4,459
4,710
4,840
4,999
5,193
California
.........................
2
424
867
2,268
2,475
3,543
4,391
4,491
4,780
4,921
4,992
5,108
5,414
5,795
6,045
Colorado
..........................
396
738
2,421
2,693
3,975
4,720
5,064
5,139
5,097
5,443
5,521
5,728
6,099
6,386
Connecticut
......................
436
951
2,420
2,876
4,743
7,837
7,853
7,973
8,473
8,817
8,817
8,901
9,218
9,620
Delaware
.........................
456
900
2,861
3,018
4,610
5,799
5,974
6,274
6,621
7,030
7,267
7,804
7,963
8,336
District
of
Columbia
.........
431
1,018
3,259
3,441
5,337
8,955
9,377
9,419
10,180
9,335
9,565
9,019
9,225
10,611
Florida
..............................
318
732
1,889
2,401
3,529
4,997
5,276
5,314
5,516
5,718
5,894
5,986
6,183
6,443
Georgia
............................
253
588
1,625
1,708
2,966
4,275
4,466
4,686
4,915
5,193
5,377
5,708
6,059
6,534
Hawaii
..............................
325
841
2,322
2,604
3,807
4,448
5,166
5,704
5,879
6,078
6,051
6,144
6,409
6,648
Idaho
................................
290
603
1,659
1,856
2,484
3,078
3,386
3,690
3,844
4,210
4,465
4,732
5,012
5,379
Illinois
...............................
438
909
2,587
2,704
3,781
5,118
5,520
5,898
5,893
6,136
6,128
6,557
7,111
7,676
Indiana
.............................
369
728
1,882
2,010
3,275
4,606
4,930
5,344
5,630
5,826
6,040
6,605
6,786
7,249
Iowa
.................................
368
844
2,326
2,668
3,619
4,453
4,679
5,257
5,288
5,483
5,772
6,047
6,295
6,548
Kansas
.............................
348
771
2,173
2,559
3,829
4,752
4,874
5,442
5,659
5,817
5,971
6,158
6,406
6,708
Kentucky
..........................
233
545
1,701
1,784
2,486
3,745
4,354
4,872
5,107
5,217
5,545
5,929
6,125
6,412
Louisiana
.........................
372
648
1,792
2,469
3,187
3,903
4,196
4,428
4,519
4,761
4,988
5,201
5,644
6,019
Maine
...............................
283
692
1,824
1,934
3,472
5,373
5,458
6,073
6,069
6,428
6,546
6,880
7,238
7,688
Maryland
..........................
393
918
2,598
2,914
4,447
6,275
6,654
6,813
6,958
7,245
7,382
7,543
7,812
7,865
Massachusetts
.................
409
859
2,819
2,940
4,562
6,237
6,366
6,627
6,959
7,287
7,613
7,818
8,299
8,750
Michigan
..........................
415
904
2,640
3,037
4,176
5,546
5,883
6,494
6,658
6,994
7,166
7,568
7,717
8,142
Minnesota
........................
425
904
2,387
2,673
3,941
4,971
5,239
5,554
5,720
6,000
6,162
6,371
6,795
7,159
Mississippi
.......................
206
501
1,664
1,605
2,362
3,094
3,187
3,382
3,660
4,080
4,250
4,312
4,575
4,871
Missouri
...........................
344
709
1,936
2,172
3,189
4,507
4,754
4,885
5,114
5,383
5,626
5,823
6,096
6,393
Montana
...........................
411
782
2,476
2,683
4,091
4,736
5,204
5,425
5,598
5,692
5,847
6,112
6,448
6,768
Nebraska
.........................
337
736
2,150
2,384
3,634
4,842
5,038
5,336
5,651
5,935
6,083
6,472
6,584
6,856
Nevada
............................
430
769
2,088
2,078
3,440
4,117
4,653
5,066
5,052
5,160
5,320
5,541
5,758
5,934
New
Hampshire
...............
347
723
1,916
2,265
3,542
5,304
5,685
5,644
5,723
5,859
5,958
6,236
6,487
6,780
New
Jersey
......................
388
1,016
3,191
3,254
5,570
8,139
8,756
9,415
9,677
9,774
9,955
10,211
10,233
10,748
New
Mexico
.....................
363
707
2,034
2,329
3,195
3,515
3,895
4,071
4,261
4,577
4,587
4,674
4,984
5,363
New
York
.........................
562
1,327
3,462
3,741
6,011
8,062
8,565
8,902
9,175
9,623
9,549
9,658
9,970
10,514
North
Carolina
.................
237
612
1,754
2,001
2,948
4,290
4,548
4,763
4,894
5,077
5,090
5,315
5,667
6,088
North
Dakota
...................
367
690
1,920
2,275
3,483
4,189
4,199
4,597
4,674
4,795
4,979
5,198
5,353
5,820
Ohio
.................................
365
730
2,075
2,303
3,527
5,045
5,245
5,754
5,971
6,162
6,266
6,517
6,808
7,295
Oklahoma
........................
311
604
1,926
2,199
3,146
3,508
3,843
4,355
4,734
4,845
4,881
5,150
5,389
5,684
Oregon
.............................
448
925
2,692
3,100
4,141
5,474
5,683
6,296
6,263
6,436
6,615
6,792
7,348
7,787
Pennsylvania
...................
409
882
2,535
2,824
4,325
6,228
6,541
6,890
6,983
7,109
7,492
7,686
7,777
8,026
Rhode
Island
...................
413
891
2,601
2,927
4,667
6,368
6,343
6,938
7,333
7,715
7,936
8,307
8,627
9,049
South
Carolina
.................
220
613
1,752
1,734
3,058
4,082
4,352
4,624
4,761
4,797
5,096
5,371
5,643
6,003
South
Dakota
...................
347
690
1,908
1,991
3,051
3,731
3,965
4,357
4,586
4,775
4,780
4,936
5,281
5,613
Tennessee
.......................
238
566
1,635
1,794
2,612
3,664
3,782
3,993
4,149
4,388
4,548
5,011
5,274
5,521
Texas
...............................
332
624
1,916
2,006
3,298
4,150
4,438
4,670
4,898
5,222
5,473
5,736
5,910
6,161
Utah
.................................
322
626
1,657
1,819
2,390
2,764
2,960
3,180
3,439
3,656
3,867
4,045
4,256
4,478
Vermont
...........................
344
807
1,997
2,475
4,031
6,227
6,738
6,411
6,600
6,750
6,837
7,171
7,500
7,984
Virginia
.............................
274
708
1,970
2,179
3,520
4,672
4,902
4,980
5,109
5,327
5,433
5,677
5,936
6,129
Washington
......................
420
915
2,568
2,542
3,881
4,702
5,000
5,614
5,751
5,906
6,074
6,182
6,535
6,595
West
Virginia
...................
258
670
1,920
2,146
3,528
4,360
4,911
5,527
5,713
6,107
6,325
6,519
6,779
7,176
Wisconsin
........................
413
883
2,477
2,738
4,168
5,524
5,871
6,475
6,717
6,930
7,094
7,398
7,680
8,062
Wyoming
..........................
450
856
2,527
2,967
5,114
5,577
5,638
5,822
5,899
6,160
6,243
6,448
6,718
7,393
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
 
 
 
 
1,387
1,908
2,033
1,670
1,785
2,046
2,159
2,393
2,243
2,354
Guam
...............................
236
820
 
 
3,383
4,234
4,596
5,309
5,071
5,080
4,947
5,124
5,286
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
 
 
 
 
2,552
3,007
4,425
5,288
4,510
6,123
5,863
6,827
7,016
5,973
Puerto
Rico
......................
106
 
 
 
1,325
1,750
1,913
2,364
2,312
2,742
3,039
3,229
3,648
3,771
Virgin
Islands
...................
271
 
 
 
3,223
6,767
6,002
5,843
5,915
6,003
6,155
6,274
6,758
7,714
193
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
168.
 
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1959
 
60
to
1998
 
99
 
Continued
State
or
other
area
In
constant
1998
 
99
dollars
1
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
United
States
..............
$
2,101
$
3,554
$
4,815
$
4,752
$
5,679
$
6,453
$
6,460
$
6,446
$
6,490
$
6,552
$
6,546
$
6,619
$
6,791
$
7,013
Alabama
..........................
1,350
2,369
3,416
3,770
3,878
4,312
4,456
4,342
4,542
4,819
5,023
5,077
5,255
5,512
Alaska
..............................
3,059
4,890
10,020
10,805
12,556
10,926
10,235
10,084
9,995
9,805
9,598
9,420
9,232
9,209
Arizona
............................
2,260
3,137
4,177
4,290
5,045
5,252
5,294
5,206
5,188
5,227
5,176
5,115
5,211
5,235
Arkansas
..........................
1,261
2,472
3,337
3,231
4,019
4,516
4,546
4,761
4,817
4,877
5,016
5,012
5,085
5,193
California
.........................
2
2,374
3,777
4,806
4,701
5,358
5,690
5,518
5,519
5,538
5,461
5,440
5,606
5,896
6,045
Colorado
..........................
2,218
3,214
5,131
5,115
6,010
6,117
6,222
5,933
5,736
5,954
5,880
5,931
6,205
6,386
Connecticut
......................
2,442
4,143
5,129
5,462
7,172
10,156
9,649
9,205
9,534
9,645
9,390
9,217
9,378
9,620
Delaware
.........................
2,552
3,921
6,064
5,733
6,971
7,514
7,340
7,243
7,451
7,690
7,739
8,081
8,101
8,336
District
of
Columbia
.........
2,414
4,436
6,907
6,536
8,070
11,604
11,522
10,875
11,456
10,212
10,186
9,339
9,384
10,611
Florida
..............................
1,779
3,190
4,004
4,561
5,337
6,476
6,483
6,135
6,207
6,255
6,277
6,198
6,290
6,443
Georgia
............................
1,419
2,561
3,445
3,245
4,485
5,539
5,487
5,409
5,531
5,681
5,727
5,910
6,164
6,534
Hawaii
..............................
1,817
3,661
4,921
4,946
5,756
5,765
6,348
6,586
6,616
6,649
6,445
6,361
6,520
6,648
Idaho
................................
1,622
2,628
3,517
3,525
3,755
3,988
4,161
4,260
4,326
4,605
4,755
4,900
5,099
5,379
Illinois
...............................
2,455
3,961
5,482
5,136
5,718
6,632
6,783
6,810
6,632
6,712
6,527
6,790
7,235
7,676
Indiana
.............................
2,065
3,171
3,990
3,818
4,953
5,969
6,058
6,170
6,336
6,374
6,433
6,839
6,903
7,249
Iowa
.................................
2,059
3,677
4,931
5,067
5,473
5,770
5,749
6,069
5,951
5,998
6,147
6,262
6,404
6,548
Kansas
.............................
1,947
3,358
4,606
4,861
5,790
6,157
5,989
6,283
6,369
6,364
6,359
6,377
6,517
6,708
Kentucky
..........................
1,305
2,375
3,605
3,388
3,759
4,853
5,349
5,625
5,747
5,707
5,906
6,139
6,231
6,412
Louisiana
.........................
2,083
2,823
3,798
4,691
4,819
5,058
5,156
5,112
5,086
5,208
5,312
5,385
5,741
6,019
Maine
...............................
1,583
3,016
3,865
3,673
5,250
6,963
6,706
7,011
6,829
7,032
6,971
7,123
7,363
7,688
Maryland
..........................
2,199
4,000
5,506
5,534
6,724
8,132
8,175
7,865
7,830
7,926
7,862
7,811
7,947
7,865
Massachusetts
.................
2,290
3,742
5,975
5,584
6,899
8,082
7,822
7,651
7,832
7,972
8,108
8,095
8,443
8,750
Michigan
..........................
2,325
3,937
5,596
5,768
6,314
7,187
7,228
7,498
7,493
7,652
7,631
7,836
7,851
8,142
Minnesota
........................
2,381
3,936
5,059
5,078
5,958
6,441
6,437
6,412
6,436
6,563
6,563
6,597
6,912
7,159
Mississippi
.......................
1,153
2,182
3,526
3,050
3,571
4,009
3,915
3,905
4,119
4,463
4,526
4,465
4,654
4,871
Missouri
...........................
1,926
3,086
4,104
4,126
4,822
5,840
5,841
5,640
5,755
5,889
5,992
6,029
6,202
6,393
Montana
...........................
2,300
3,406
5,249
5,097
6,185
6,138
6,394
6,264
6,299
6,227
6,227
6,328
6,560
6,768
Nebraska
.........................
1,887
3,208
4,557
4,529
5,495
6,274
6,190
6,161
6,359
6,493
6,478
6,701
6,698
6,856
Nevada
............................
2,410
3,352
4,426
3,947
5,202
5,335
5,717
5,848
5,685
5,645
5,666
5,737
5,857
5,934
New
Hampshire
...............
1,945
3,149
4,061
4,303
5,355
6,873
6,985
6,516
6,441
6,409
6,345
6,457
6,600
6,780
New
Jersey
......................
2,170
4,426
6,764
6,181
8,422
10,547
10,759
10,870
10,890
10,693
10,602
10,573
10,410
10,748
New
Mexico
.....................
2,031
3,080
4,310
4,425
4,831
4,555
4,785
4,700
4,795
5,008
4,885
4,839
5,070
5,363
New
York
.........................
3,145
5,779
7,338
7,107
9,089
10,447
10,523
10,278
10,325
10,528
10,170
10,000
10,142
10,514
North
Carolina
.................
1,329
2,667
3,718
3,801
4,458
5,559
5,588
5,499
5,508
5,554
5,421
5,504
5,765
6,088
North
Dakota
...................
2,053
3,004
4,070
4,320
5,267
5,429
5,159
5,307
5,259
5,245
5,303
5,382
5,446
5,820
Ohio
.................................
2,044
3,180
4,397
4,375
5,333
6,537
6,444
6,643
6,719
6,741
6,673
6,748
6,925
7,295
Oklahoma
........................
1,744
2,633
4,083
4,176
4,757
4,546
4,722
5,028
5,327
5,301
5,198
5,333
5,482
5,684
Oregon
.............................
2,511
4,028
5,705
5,888
6,261
7,094
6,983
7,269
7,048
7,041
7,045
7,033
7,475
7,787
Pennsylvania
...................
2,293
3,841
5,372
5,364
6,540
8,071
8,037
7,954
7,858
7,777
7,978
7,958
7,911
8,026
Rhode
Island
...................
2,315
3,882
5,513
5,559
7,058
8,252
7,793
8,010
8,252
8,440
8,452
8,601
8,776
9,049
South
Carolina
.................
1,232
2,668
3,713
3,294
4,624
5,289
5,347
5,338
5,358
5,248
5,427
5,562
5,740
6,003
South
Dakota
...................
1,942
3,005
4,043
3,782
4,613
4,835
4,871
5,030
5,160
5,224
5,090
5,111
5,372
5,613
Tennessee
.......................
1,333
2,466
3,466
3,407
3,950
4,748
4,646
4,610
4,669
4,800
4,843
5,188
5,365
5,521
Texas
...............................
1,861
2,719
4,060
3,810
4,987
5,378
5,453
5,392
5,512
5,713
5,829
5,939
6,012
6,161
Utah
.................................
1,806
2,728
3,511
3,455
3,614
3,581
3,636
3,671
3,870
3,999
4,119
4,189
4,329
4,478
Vermont
...........................
1,926
3,516
4,233
4,700
6,095
8,069
8,279
7,401
7,427
7,384
7,282
7,425
7,630
7,984
Virginia
.............................
1,536
3,083
4,175
4,139
5,323
6,054
6,023
5,749
5,749
5,827
5,786
5,879
6,039
6,129
Washington
......................
2,354
3,987
5,443
4,829
5,869
6,093
6,143
6,481
6,471
6,461
6,469
6,401
6,648
6,595
West
Virginia
...................
1,447
2,918
4,070
4,076
5,335
5,651
6,034
6,381
6,429
6,681
6,736
6,751
6,897
7,176
Wisconsin
........................
2,313
3,845
5,250
5,201
6,302
7,158
7,214
7,476
7,559
7,582
7,555
7,660
7,813
8,062
Wyoming
..........................
2,522
3,728
5,355
5,636
7,733
7,227
6,927
6,722
6,638
6,739
6,649
6,677
6,834
7,393
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
 
 
 
 
2,097
2,472
2,498
1,928
2,009
2,238
2,299
2,478
2,282
2,354
Guam
...............................
1,324
3,570
 
 
5,115
5,487
5,647
6,129
5,706
5,557
5,269
5,306
5,378
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
 
 
 
 
3,858
3,897
5,436
6,105
5,075
6,698
6,244
7,069
7,137
5,973
Puerto
Rico
......................
595
 
 
 
2,003
2,268
2,350
2,729
2,602
3,000
3,236
3,344
3,711
3,771
Virgin
Islands
...................
1,516
 
 
 
4,874
8,770
7,375
6,746
6,656
6,567
6,555
6,497
6,875
7,714
 
Not
available.
1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
adjusted
to
a
school­
year
basis.
These
data
do
not
reflect
differences
in
inflation
rates
from
state
to
state.
2
Estimated
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.

NOTE:
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
state
administration
expenditures
are
excluded.
Beginning
in
1988
 
89,
extensive
changes
were
made
in
the
data
collection
procedures.
There
are
discrepancies
in
average
daily
attendance
reporting
practices
from
state
to
state.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
194
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
169.
 
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
fall
enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
Unadjusted
dollars
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
..............
$
751
$
2,088
$
2,307
$
3,479
$
4,307
$
4,643
$
4,902
$
5,160
$
5,327
$
5,529
$
5,689
$
5,923
$
6,189
$
6,508
Alabama
..........................
512
1,520
1,836
2,411
3,019
3,144
3,429
3,568
3,826
4,109
4,343
4,595
4,849
5,188
Alaska
..............................
1,059
4,267
5,506
7,622
6,940
7,577
7,502
7,901
7,960
8,033
8,189
8,231
8,271
8,404
Arizona
............................
674
1,865
2,093
3,009
3,728
3,717
3,860
4,088
4,104
4,264
4,476
4,413
4,595
4,672
Arkansas
..........................
511
1,472
1,585
2,506
3,023
3,229
3,461
3,859
4,013
4,186
4,401
4,535
4,708
4,956
California
.........................
833
2,227
2,438
3,534
4,205
4,502
4,595
4,609
4,719
4,799
4,937
5,260
5,644
5,801
Colorado
..........................
686
2,258
2,509
3,666
4,151
4,357
4,603
4,766
4,727
5,047
5,121
5,312
5,656
5,923
Connecticut
......................
911
2,167
2,711
4,641
6,479
7,463
7,547
7,655
7,947
8,380
8,430
8,580
8,901
9,318
Delaware
.........................
833
2,587
2,721
4,215
4,958
5,326
5,458
5,753
6,101
6,502
6,696
7,135
7,420
7,706
District
of
Columbia
.........
947
2,811
2,950
4,672
6,888
7,872
8,029
8,286
8,843
8,290
8,510
8,048
8,393
9,650
Florida
..............................
683
1,834
2,209
3,260
4,210
4,597
4,859
4,876
5,063
5,220
5,275
5,360
5,552
5,790
Georgia
............................
539
1,491
1,580
2,760
3,616
4,000
4,171
4,368
4,569
4,828
5,056
5,369
5,647
6,092
Hawaii
..............................
792
2,086
2,393
3,505
3,841
4,130
4,820
5,332
5,533
5,597
5,560
5,633
5,858
6,081
Idaho
................................
573
1,548
1,736
2,358
2,656
2,921
3,206
3,471
3,628
3,957
4,194
4,447
4,721
5,066
Illinois
...............................
816
2,241
2,406
3,321
4,265
4,521
4,904
5,307
5,323
5,553
5,519
5,940
6,242
6,762
Indiana
.............................
661
1,708
1,798
2,951
3,933
4,270
4,588
4,995
5,245
5,411
5,621
6,161
6,318
6,772
Iowa
.................................
798
2,164
2,505
3,388
4,027
4,190
4,418
4,970
5,070
5,240
5,481
5,738
5,998
6,243
Kansas
.............................
699
1,963
2,307
3,469
4,014
4,290
4,434
4,926
5,081
5,222
5,374
5,508
5,727
6,015
Kentucky
..........................
502
1,557
1,637
2,229
3,009
3,384
3,897
4,310
4,505
4,545
4,807
5,155
5,213
5,560
Louisiana
.........................
589
1,629
2,273
2,960
3,138
3,625
3,853
4,010
4,133
4,356
4,447
4,724
5,187
5,548
Maine
...............................
649
1,692
1,804
3,341
4,330
4,903
4,978
5,624
5,569
6,029
6,151
6,426
6,742
7,155
Maryland
..........................
809
2,293
2,581
3,923
5,088
5,573
5,930
6,060
6,191
6,427
6,593
6,755
7,034
7,326
Massachusetts
.................
791
2,548
2,735
4,031
5,485
5,766
5,881
6,141
6,423
6,783
7,033
7,331
7,778
8,260
Michigan
..........................
841
2,495
2,892
3,859
4,734
5,090
5,394
5,945
6,138
6,465
6,785
6,932
7,050
7,432
Minnesota
........................
855
2,296
2,519
3,741
4,515
4,698
4,946
5,210
5,342
5,626
5,801
6,005
6,388
6,791
Mississippi
.......................
457
1,568
1,503
2,246
2,714
2,934
3,007
3,159
3,410
3,798
3,951
4,039
4,288
4,565
Missouri
...........................
596
1,724
1,945
2,864
3,839
4,071
4,271
4,318
4,596
4,866
5,092
5,304
5,565
5,855
Montana
...........................
728
2,264
2,449
3,691
3,893
4,240
4,706
4,907
5,043
5,137
5,249
5,481
5,724
5,974
Nebraska
.........................
700
2,025
2,243
3,431
4,101
4,553
4,735
5,064
5,310
5,555
5,688
5,848
5,958
6,256
Nevada
............................
706
1,908
1,925
3,196
3,562
3,816
4,294
4,645
4,664
4,730
4,892
5,084
5,295
5,587
New
Hampshire
...............
666
1,732
2,036
3,247
4,328
4,786
5,152
5,368
5,433
5,567
5,740
5,920
6,156
6,433
New
Jersey
......................
924
2,825
2,928
5,139
6,762
7,546
8,166
8,770
9,075
9,178
9,361
9,588
9,643
10,145
New
Mexico
.....................
665
1,870
2,066
2,911
3,336
3,446
3,757
3,929
4,106
4,404
4,604
4,682
5,005
5,440
New
York
.........................
1,194
2,950
3,225
5,221
6,655
7,051
7,510
7,770
8,069
8,311
8,361
8,525
8,852
9,344
North
Carolina
.................
570
1,635
1,870
2,754
3,594
4,018
4,237
4,426
4,540
4,703
4,719
4,929
5,257
5,656
North
Dakota
...................
662
1,941
2,175
3,200
3,635
3,899
3,909
4,305
4,385
4,482
4,677
4,808
5,056
5,442
Ohio
.................................
677
1,894
2,120
3,265
4,208
4,531
4,747
5,110
5,319
5,529
5,669
5,935
6,198
6,627
Oklahoma
........................
554
1,810
2,065
2,939
3,159
3,293
3,639
4,090
4,437
4,533
4,549
4,817
5,033
5,303
Oregon
.............................
843
2,412
2,782
3,715
4,598
4,864
5,195
5,585
5,522
5,649
5,790
5,920
6,419
6,828
Pennsylvania
...................
815
2,328
2,595
4,010
5,169
5,737
6,048
6,372
6,443
6,565
6,922
7,106
7,209
7,450
Rhode
Island
...................
807
2,340
2,654
4,255
5,598
5,908
5,934
6,501
6,797
7,126
7,304
7,612
7,928
8,294
South
Carolina
.................
567
1,597
1,625
2,816
3,441
3,769
4,009
4,200
4,336
4,501
4,779
5,050
5,320
5,656
South
Dakota
...................
656
1,781
1,885
2,903
3,373
3,511
3,726
4,109
4,095
4,271
4,220
4,387
4,669
5,259
Tennessee
.......................
531
1,523
1,675
2,447
3,248
3,405
3,521
3,671
3,815
4,017
4,172
4,581
4,937
5,123
Texas
...............................
551
1,740
1,831
3,079
3,582
3,835
4,048
4,270
4,488
4,779
5,016
5,267
5,444
5,685
Utah
.................................
595
1,556
1,710
2,248
2,421
2,577
2,767
2,967
3,206
3,409
3,604
3,783
3,969
4,210
Vermont
...........................
790
1,930
2,347
3,840
5,196
5,770
6,255
6,252
6,266
6,367
6,488
6,753
7,075
7,541
Virginia
.............................
654
1,824
2,024
3,289
4,225
4,690
4,965
5,067
5,205
5,421
5,528
5,788
6,065
6,350
Washington
......................
853
2,387
2,365
3,605
4,059
4,382
4,652
5,220
5,342
5,477
5,639
5,734
6,040
6,110
West
Virginia
...................
621
1,749
1,968
3,255
3,580
4,020
4,571
5,108
5,292
5,663
5,881
6,076
6,323
6,677
Wisconsin
........................
793
2,225
2,452
3,767
4,760
5,020
5,382
5,974
6,126
6,301
6,517
6,796
7,123
7,527
Wyoming
..........................
805
2,369
2,758
4,754
5,030
5,239
5,310
5,462
5,534
5,753
5,826
5,971
6,218
6,842
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............
 
 
 
 
1,897
1,781
2,002
1,689
1,737
1,983
2,084
2,288
2,175
2,283
Guam
...............................
766
 
 
3,016
3,624
3,817
4,411
5,369
5,200
5,016
4,803
4,688
5,200
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
 
 
 
 
2,651
3,356
4,159
4,796
4,009
5,340
4,999
5,878
6,112
5,312
Puerto
Rico
......................
 
 
1,000
1,227
1,557
1,605
1,773
2,034
2,155
2,417
2,657
2,812
3,211
3,298
Virgin
Islands
...................
 
 
 
3,016
4,757
6,043
5,515
5,265
5,299
5,280
5,378
5,458
5,932
6,983
195
ELEMENTARY
AND
SECONDARY:
FINANCES
Table
169.
 
Current
expenditure
per
pupil
in
fall
enrollment
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
state:
1969
 
70
to
1998
 
99
 
Continued
State
or
other
area
In
constant
1998
 
99
dollars
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
United
States
..............
$
3,272
$
4,426
$
4,383
$
5,261
$
5,848
$
6,016
$
6,023
$
5,957
$
5,995
$
6,048
$
6,059
$
6,133
$
6,296
$
6,508
Alabama
..........................
2,229
3,223
3,488
3,646
4,099
4,074
4,213
4,119
4,306
4,495
4,625
4,757
4,933
5,188
Alaska
..............................
4,614
9,044
10,459
11,526
9,423
9,819
9,218
9,121
8,957
8,788
8,721
8,523
8,414
8,404
Arizona
............................
2,938
3,953
3,976
4,550
5,061
4,817
4,742
4,720
4,618
4,665
4,767
4,570
4,675
4,672
Arkansas
..........................
2,225
3,120
3,010
3,789
4,105
4,185
4,253
4,455
4,515
4,580
4,687
4,696
4,790
4,956
California
.........................
3,630
4,719
4,630
5,344
5,709
5,835
5,646
5,321
5,311
5,250
5,258
5,446
5,742
5,801
Colorado
..........................
2,988
4,786
4,765
5,543
5,635
5,646
5,655
5,502
5,320
5,522
5,453
5,500
5,754
5,923
Connecticut
......................
3,967
4,593
5,150
7,017
8,797
9,671
9,273
8,838
8,943
9,168
8,978
8,884
9,055
9,318
Delaware
.........................
3,631
5,482
5,168
6,373
6,731
6,902
6,706
6,642
6,865
7,113
7,131
7,387
7,548
7,706
District
of
Columbia
.........
4,125
5,959
5,604
7,065
9,352
10,201
9,865
9,566
9,951
9,069
9,063
8,333
8,538
9,650
Florida
..............................
2,974
3,887
4,197
4,929
5,716
5,957
5,970
5,629
5,697
5,710
5,618
5,550
5,648
5,790
Georgia
............................
2,347
3,160
3,001
4,174
4,909
5,183
5,125
5,043
5,141
5,282
5,385
5,559
5,745
6,092
Hawaii
..............................
3,450
4,422
4,546
5,300
5,215
5,352
5,922
6,155
6,226
6,123
5,921
5,833
5,959
6,081
Idaho
................................
2,497
3,282
3,298
3,566
3,606
3,785
3,939
4,008
4,083
4,328
4,467
4,605
4,803
5,066
Illinois
...............................
3,553
4,750
4,571
5,022
5,790
5,858
6,026
6,127
5,990
6,075
5,878
6,151
6,350
6,762
Indiana
.............................
2,880
3,620
3,416
4,462
5,340
5,534
5,637
5,766
5,902
5,920
5,987
6,379
6,427
6,772
Iowa
.................................
3,477
4,587
4,759
5,123
5,467
5,429
5,428
5,737
5,705
5,733
5,837
5,942
6,102
6,243
Kansas
.............................
3,044
4,160
4,383
5,246
5,449
5,559
5,449
5,686
5,718
5,713
5,723
5,704
5,826
6,015
Kentucky
..........................
2,187
3,301
3,109
3,370
4,086
4,385
4,789
4,976
5,070
4,972
5,119
5,338
5,303
5,560
Louisiana
.........................
2,567
3,453
4,318
4,476
4,260
4,697
4,734
4,629
4,651
4,766
4,736
4,891
5,277
5,548
Maine
...............................
2,828
3,586
3,426
5,053
5,879
6,354
6,116
6,493
6,267
6,595
6,551
6,654
6,859
7,155
Maryland
..........................
3,525
4,859
4,902
5,931
6,907
7,222
7,286
6,996
6,966
7,031
7,022
6,994
7,156
7,326
Massachusetts
.................
3,444
5,400
5,195
6,095
7,447
7,472
7,226
7,090
7,228
7,421
7,490
7,591
7,913
8,260
Michigan
..........................
3,665
5,289
5,492
5,835
6,427
6,596
6,627
6,863
6,907
7,073
7,226
7,178
7,172
7,432
Minnesota
........................
3,724
4,867
4,785
5,656
6,130
6,088
6,077
6,015
6,011
6,155
6,178
6,218
6,498
6,791
Mississippi
.......................
1,990
3,324
2,854
3,396
3,684
3,801
3,694
3,647
3,838
4,155
4,208
4,183
4,362
4,565
Missouri
...........................
2,596
3,654
3,695
4,331
5,212
5,275
5,248
4,985
5,172
5,324
5,423
5,492
5,662
5,855
Montana
...........................
3,169
4,798
4,652
5,581
5,285
5,494
5,783
5,665
5,675
5,620
5,590
5,675
5,823
5,974
Nebraska
.........................
3,048
4,291
4,261
5,188
5,568
5,900
5,817
5,846
5,976
6,077
6,058
6,055
6,061
6,256
Nevada
............................
3,074
4,044
3,657
4,832
4,837
4,945
5,276
5,362
5,248
5,175
5,210
5,264
5,387
5,587
New
Hampshire
...............
2,901
3,671
3,868
4,909
5,876
6,201
6,330
6,197
6,114
6,090
6,113
6,130
6,263
6,433
New
Jersey
......................
4,024
5,988
5,563
7,770
9,181
9,778
10,033
10,125
10,212
10,041
9,969
9,928
9,810
10,145
New
Mexico
.....................
2,897
3,964
3,924
4,402
4,529
4,465
4,616
4,536
4,621
4,817
4,903
4,848
5,091
5,440
New
York
.........................
5,202
6,253
6,125
7,895
9,035
9,137
9,228
8,970
9,081
9,092
8,905
8,827
9,005
9,344
North
Carolina
.................
2,484
3,466
3,553
4,165
4,880
5,207
5,206
5,110
5,110
5,145
5,026
5,104
5,348
5,656
North
Dakota
...................
2,885
4,115
4,131
4,839
4,935
5,053
4,803
4,969
4,935
4,903
4,981
4,978
5,143
5,442
Ohio
.................................
2,947
4,015
4,027
4,937
5,713
5,871
5,833
5,899
5,985
6,048
6,037
6,145
6,305
6,627
Oklahoma
........................
2,412
3,835
3,923
4,444
4,289
4,267
4,472
4,722
4,993
4,959
4,845
4,988
5,120
5,303
Oregon
.............................
3,673
5,113
5,285
5,617
6,243
6,304
6,383
6,448
6,214
6,180
6,167
6,130
6,530
6,828
Pennsylvania
...................
3,551
4,935
4,930
6,064
7,018
7,435
7,431
7,356
7,250
7,182
7,372
7,358
7,333
7,450
Rhode
Island
...................
3,514
4,960
5,042
6,434
7,601
7,656
7,290
7,505
7,648
7,795
7,779
7,882
8,066
8,294
South
Carolina
.................
2,471
3,385
3,086
4,259
4,672
4,885
4,926
4,849
4,879
4,925
5,090
5,229
5,412
5,656
South
Dakota
...................
2,858
3,774
3,580
4,390
4,579
4,550
4,578
4,744
4,608
4,672
4,495
4,542
4,750
5,259
Tennessee
.......................
2,312
3,228
3,182
3,699
4,410
4,412
4,326
4,238
4,293
4,394
4,443
4,744
5,023
5,123
Texas
...............................
2,401
3,687
3,478
4,656
4,863
4,969
4,974
4,929
5,050
5,228
5,342
5,454
5,539
5,685
Utah
.................................
2,593
3,298
3,248
3,399
3,287
3,339
3,400
3,425
3,608
3,729
3,839
3,917
4,037
4,210
Vermont
...........................
3,439
4,091
4,459
5,806
7,055
7,477
7,686
7,218
7,051
6,965
6,909
6,992
7,197
7,541
Virginia
.............................
2,851
3,866
3,845
4,973
5,737
6,077
6,101
5,849
5,857
5,930
5,887
5,993
6,170
6,350
Washington
......................
3,716
5,059
4,491
5,451
5,510
5,679
5,716
6,027
6,011
5,991
6,006
5,937
6,145
6,110
West
Virginia
...................
2,707
3,706
3,739
4,921
4,860
5,209
5,616
5,898
5,956
6,196
6,263
6,292
6,433
6,677
Wisconsin
........................
3,455
4,715
4,658
5,696
6,463
6,505
6,612
6,897
6,894
6,893
6,940
7,037
7,246
7,527
Wyoming
..........................
3,506
5,021
5,239
7,189
6,830
6,789
6,524
6,306
6,227
6,294
6,205
6,183
6,326
6,842
Outlying
areasg
American
Samoa
.............
 
 
 
 
2,575
2,309
2,459
1,950
1,955
2,169
2,220
2,369
2,212
2,283
Guam
...............................
3,339
 
 
4,560
4,920
4,947
5,419
6,198
5,852
5,487
5,115
4,855
5,290
 
Northern
Marianas
...........
 
 
 
 
3,600
4,349
5,110
5,537
4,511
5,841
5,324
6,086
6,218
5,312
Puerto
Rico
......................
 
 
1,900
1,855
2,114
2,080
2,178
2,348
2,425
2,645
2,830
2,911
3,266
3,298
Virgin
Islands
...................
 
 
 
4,560
6,458
7,831
6,776
6,079
5,963
5,776
5,728
5,652
6,035
6,983
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Constant
1998
 
99
dollars
based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
adjusted
to
a
school
year
basis.
These
data
do
not
reflect
differences
in
inflation
rates
from
state
to
state.
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
expenditures
for
state
administration
are
excluded.
Beginning
in
1988
 
89,
survey
was
expanded
and
coverage
of
state
expenditures
for
public
school
districts
was
improved.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Revenues
and
Expenditures
for
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools,
various
years;
Statistics
of
State
School
Systems,
various
years;
and
Common
Core
of
Data
surveys
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
197
*
Title
IV
programs,
which
are
administered
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
provide
financial
aid
to
postsecondary
students.
CHAPTER
3
Postsecondary
Education
Postsecondary
education
includes
an
array
of
diverse
educational
experiences,
including
a
wide
range
of
programs
offered
by
American
colleges
and
universities.
For
example,
a
community
college
may
offer
vocational
training
or
the
first
2
years
of
training
at
the
college
level.
A
university
typically
offers
a
full
undergraduate
course
of
study
leading
to
a
bachelor's
degree
as
well
as
first­
professional
and
graduate
programs
leading
to
advanced
degrees.
Vocational
and
technical
institutions
offer
training
programs
that
are
designed
to
prepare
students
for
specific
careers.
Community
groups,
religious
organizations
libraries,
and
businesses
provide
other
types
of
educational
opportunities
for
adults.
This
chapter
provides
an
overview
of
the
latest
statistics
on
postsecondary
education,
which
includes
academic,
vocational,
and
continuing
professional
education
programs
after
high
school.
However,
to
maintain
comparability
over
time,
most
of
the
data
in
the
Digest
are
for
degree­
granting
institutions,
which
include
2­
and
4­
year
colleges
and
universities
and
exclude
most
vocational
and
continuing
education
programs.
This
chapter
highlights
historical
data
that
enable
the
reader
to
observe
long­
range
trends
in
college
education
in
America.
Other
chapters
provide
related
information
on
postsecondary
education.
Data
on
price
indexes
and
on
the
number
of
degrees
held
by
the
general
population
are
shown
in
chapter
1.
Chapter
4
contains
tabulations
on
federal
funding
for
postsecondary
education
Information
on
employment
outcomes
for
college
graduates
is
shown
in
chapter
5.
Chapter
7
contains
data
on
college
libraries
and
use
of
computers
by
young
adults.
Further
information
on
survey
methodologies
is
presented
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
appendix
and
in
the
publications
cited
in
the
source
notes.

Enrollment
Enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions
increased
by
17
percent
between
1979
and
1989.
Between
1989
and
1999,
enrollment
increased
at
a
slightly
slower
rate
(
9
percent),
from
13.5
million
to
14.8
million
There
was
a
slight
decline
in
enrollment
from
1992
to
1995,
but
it
was
overshadowed
by
large
increases
in
the
late
1990s.
Much
of
this
growth
was
in
female
enrollment
(
table
172).
Between
1989
and
1999,
the
number
of
men
enrolled
rose
5
percent,
while
the
number
of
women
increased
by
13
percent.
Part­
time
enrollment
rose
by
2
percent
compared
to
an
increase
of
15
percent
in
full­
time
enrollment.
In
addition
to
the
enrollment
in
accredited
2­
year
colleges
4­
year
colleges,
and
universities,
about
414,000
students
attended
non
degree­
granting,
Title
IV
eligible,*
postsecondary
institutions
in
fall
1999
(
table
170).
The
number
of
young
students
has
been
growing
more
rapidly
than
the
number
of
older
students,
and
this
pattern
is
expected
to
continue.
Between
1990
and
1999,
the
enrollment
of
students
under
age
25
increased
by
12
percent.
Enrollment
of
persons
25
and
over
rose
by
less
than
1
percent
during
the
same
period.
From
1999
to
2010,
NCES
projects
a
rise
of
21
percent
in
enrollments
of
persons
under
25
and
an
increase
of
14
percent
in
the
number
25
and
over
(
table
174).
Enrollment
trends
have
differed
at
the
undergraduate
graduate,
and
first­
professional
levels.
Undergraduate
enrollment
generally
increased
during
the
1970s,
but
dipped
slightly
between
1983
and
1985.
From
1985
to
1992,
undergraduate
enrollment
increased
each
year,
rising
18
percent
before
declining
slightly
and
stabilizing
between
1993
and
1998.
Undergraduate
enrollment
rose
2
percent
between
1998
and
1999
(
table
188).
Graduate
enrollment
had
been
steady
at
about
1.3
million
in
the
late
1970s
and
early
1980s,
but
rose
about
31
percent
between
1985
and
1999
(
table
189).
After
rising
very
rapidly
during
the
1970s,
enrollment
in
first­
professional
programs
stabilized
in
the
1980s.
First­
professional
enrollment
began
rising
again
in
the
1990s
and
showed
an
increase
of
11
percent
between
1990
and
1999
(
table
190).
Since
1984,
the
number
of
women
in
graduate
schools
has
exceeded
the
number
of
men.
Between
1989
and
1999,
the
number
of
male
full­
time
graduate
students
increased
by
18
percent,
compared
to
59
percent
for
full­
time
women.
Among
part­
time
graduate
students,
the
number
of
men
increased
by
less
than
1
percent
compared
to
a
14
percent
increase
for
women
(
table
189).
198
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
The
proportion
of
American
college
students
who
are
minorities
has
been
increasing.
In
1976,
16
percent
were
minorities,
compared
with
28
percent
in
1999.
Much
of
the
change
can
be
attributed
to
rising
numbers
of
Hispanic
and
Asian
students.
The
proportion
of
Asian
and
Pacific
Islander
students
rose
from
2
percent
to
6
percent,
and
the
Hispanic
proportion
rose
from
4
percent
to
9
percent
during
that
time
period.
The
proportion
of
black
students
fluctuated
during
most
of
the
early
part
of
the
period,
before
rising
slightly
to
11
percent
in
1999.
These
percentages
exclude
foreign
students
enrolled
in
U.
S.
colleges
and
universities
(
table
207).
Despite
the
sizable
numbers
of
small
degree­
granting
colleges,
most
students
attend
the
larger
colleges
and
universities.
In
fall
1999,
40
percent
of
institutions
had
fewer
than
1,000
students;
however,
these
campuses
enrolled
4
percent
of
college
students.
While
10
percent
of
the
campuses
enrolled
10,000
or
more
students,
they
accounted
for
50
percent
of
total
college
enrollment
(
table
214).

Faculty,
Staff,
and
Salaries
The
student/
staff
ratio
at
colleges
and
universities
dropped
from
5.4
in
1976
to
4.8
in
1999.
During
the
same
time
period,
the
student/
faculty
ratio
dropped
from
16.6
to
14.9.
The
proportion
of
administrative
staff
and
other
nonteaching
professional
staff
rose
from
15
percent
in
1976
to
24
percent
in
1999,
while
the
proportion
of
nonprofessional
staff
declined
from
42
percent
to
32
percent
(
table
224).
Approximately
2.9
million
people
were
employed
in
colleges
and
universities
in
the
fall
of
1999,
including
2.0
million
professional
and
.9
million
nonprofessional
staff.
About
44
percent
of
the
staff
were
faculty
or
teaching
assistants,
6
percent
were
managerial,
18
percent
were
other
nonteaching
professionals,
and
32
percent
were
nonprofessional
staff
(
table
226).
Colleges
differ
in
their
practices
of
employing
parttime
and
full­
time
staff.
In
fall
1999,
50
percent
of
the
employees
at
public
2­
year
colleges
were
employed
full­
time
compared
with
70
percent
at
public
4­
year
colleges
and
71
percent
at
private
4­
year
colleges.
A
higher
proportion
of
the
faculty
at
public
4­
year
colleges
were
employed
full­
time
(
73
percent)
than
at
private
4­
year
colleges
(
59
percent)
or
public
2­
year
colleges
(
35
percent)
(
table
226).
The
proportion
of
time
that
full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
spent
teaching
averaged
57
percent
in
1998.
For
the
remaining
faculty
time,
research
and
scholarship
accounted
for
15
percent
of
the
time;
professional
growth,
5
percent;
administration,
14
percent;
outside
consulting,
3
percent;
service
and
nonteaching
activities,
7
percent
(
table
233).
About
14
percent
of
U.
S.
faculty
in
colleges
and
universities
were
minorities
in
1999
(
based
on
a
total
excluding
nonresident
aliens
and
persons
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
unknown).
Five
percent
of
the
faculty
were
black;
5
percent,
Asian/
Pacific
Islanders;
3
percent,
Hispanic;
and
.5
percent,
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native.
Half
of
college
faculty
(
50
percent)
were
white
males,
while
35
percent
were
white
females
About
15
percent
of
executive,
managerial,
and
administrative
staff
were
minorities
in
1999,
compared
to
about
30
percent
of
the
nonprofessional
staff.
The
proportion
of
minority
staff
at
public
4­
year
colleges
(
22
percent)
was
similar
to
the
proportion
at
private
4­
year
colleges
(
20
percent)
(
table
225).
College
faculty
generally
suffered
losses
in
the
purchasing
power
of
their
salaries
from
1972
 
73
to
1980
 
81,
when
average
salaries
fell
17
percent
after
adjustment
for
inflation.
During
the
1980s,
average
salaries
rose
and
recouped
most
of
the
losses.
Between
1992
 
93
and
1998
 
99,
there
was
a
slight
increase
in
average
faculty
salaries,
reaching
about
2
percent
higher
than
in
1972
 
73.
Average
salaries
for
men
in
1998
 
99
($
58,048)
were
considerably
higher
than
the
average
for
women
($
47,421),
but
women's
salaries
have
increased
at
a
slightly
faster
rate
since
1990
 
91
(
table
237).
The
proportion
of
faculty
with
tenure
has
remained
relatively
stable
in
recent
years.
About
64
percent
of
full­
time
faculty
had
tenure
in
1998
 
99,
but
a
large
difference
existed
between
the
proportion
of
men
and
women
with
tenure.
Seventy­
one
percent
of
men
compared
with
52
percent
of
women
had
tenure
in
1998
 
99.
About
66
percent
of
the
faculty
at
public
institutions
had
tenure,
compared
with
58
percent
of
faculty
at
private
institutions
(
table
243).

Degrees
During
the
2000
 
01
academic
year,
4,182
accredited
institutions
offered
degrees
at
the
associate
degree
level
or
above.
These
included
2,450
4­
year
colleges
and
universities,
and
1,732
2­
year
colleges
(
table
245).
Institutions
awarding
various
degrees
in
1999
 
2000
numbered
2,546
for
associate
degrees,
1,995
for
bachelor's
degrees,
1,499
for
master's
degrees
and
535
for
doctor's
degrees
(
table
262).
More
people
are
completing
college.
Between
1989
 
90
and
1999
 
2000,
the
number
of
associate,
bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
rose.
Associate
degrees
increased
24
percent,
bachelor's
degrees
increased
18
percent,
master's
degrees
increased
41
percent,
and
doctor's
degrees
increased
17
percent
during
this
period.
The
number
of
firstprofessional
degrees
was
13
percent
higher
in
1999
 
2000
than
it
was
in
1989
 
90
(
table
247).
More
women
than
men
earn
associate,
bachelor's,
and
master's
degrees.
Also,
the
number
of
women
receiving
all
types
of
degrees
has
increased
at
a
faster
rate
than
for
men.
Between
1989
 
90
and
1999
 
2000
the
number
of
bachelor's
degrees
award­
199
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
ed
to
men
increased
by
8
percent,
while
those
awarded
to
women
rose
by
26
percent
(
table
247).
Of
the
1,238,000
bachelor's
degrees
conferred
in
1999
 
2000,
the
largest
numbers
of
degrees
were
conferred
in
the
fields
of
business
(
258,000),
social
sciences
(
127,000),
and
education
(
108,000)
(
table
255).
At
the
master's
degree
level,
the
largest
fields
were
education
(
124,000)
and
business
(
112,000)
(
table
256).
The
largest
fields
at
the
doctor's
degree
level
were
education
(
6,800),
engineering
(
5,400),
biological
and
life
sciences
(
4,900)
and
psychology
(
4,300)
(
table
257).
The
pattern
of
bachelor's
degrees
by
field
of
study
has
shifted
significantly
in
recent
years.
Declines
are
significant
in
some
fields
such
as
engineering
and
mathematics.
Engineering
and
engineering
technologies
declined
4
percent
between
1989
 
90
and
1994
 
95,
and
then
posted
a
further
7
percent
decline
between
1994
 
95
and
1999
 
2000.
The
number
of
mathematics
degrees
declined
by
10
percent
between
1989
 
90
and
1994
 
95
and
posted
a
further
12
percent
decline
between
1994
 
95
and
1999
 
2000.
In
contrast,
some
technical
fields
have
increased.
After
declining
by
10
percent
between
1989
 
90
and
1994
 
95,
the
number
of
degrees
in
computer
and
information
sciences
grew
48
percent
between
1994
 
95
and
1999
 
2000.
Other
sizable
fields
with
increases
over
20
percent
between
1994
 
95
and
1999
 
2000
included
parks,
recreation,
and
leisure
studies;
agriculture
and
natural
sciences;
theological
professions;
and
visual
and
performing
arts
(
table
255).
About
three­
quarters
(
77
percent)
of
the
students
who
enrolled
in
a
4­
year
college
in
1995
 
96
were
still
working
on
their
degrees
in
spring
1998.
About
4
percent
of
students
had
completed
a
certificate
or
degree
and
18
percent
were
no
longer
working
towards
a
bachelor's
degree
(
table
314).

Finances
For
the
2000
 
01
academic
year,
annual
prices
for
undergraduate
tuition,
room,
and
board
were
estimated
to
be
$
7,621
at
public
colleges
and
$
21,423
at
private
colleges.
Between
1990
 
91
and
2000
 
01,
prices
at
public
colleges
rose
by
23
percent,
and
prices
at
private
colleges
increased
by
27
percent,
after
adjustment
for
inflation
(
tables
35
and
316).
Trend
data
show
increases
in
the
expenditures
per
student
at
colleges
and
universities
through
the
late
1980s
and
further
increases
after
1991
 
92.
After
an
adjustment
for
inflation
at
colleges
and
universities,
current­
fund
expenditures
per
student
rose
about
5
percent
between
1985
 
86
and
1990
 
91,
and
another
7
percent
between
1990
 
91
and
1995
 
96
(
table
343).
Scholarships
and
fellowships
rose
more
rapidly
at
public
institutions
than
most
other
types
of
college
expenditures.
At
public
universities,
between
1986
 
87
and
1996
 
97,
inflation
adjusted
scholarship
and
fellowship
expenditures
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
rose
85
percent
compared
with
8
percent
for
instruction
expenditures
per
student
(
table
349).
At
other
public
4­
year
institutions
during
the
same
period
scholarship
and
fellowship
costs
per
student
rose
109
percent,
and
the
instruction
costs
rose
by
2
percent
(
table
350).
Another
rapidly
rising
expenditure
for
public
colleges
during
the
decade
was
research
which
rose
by
26
percent
per
student
at
public
universities,
and
by
36
percent
at
other
public
4­
year
colleges
(
tables
349
and
350).
200
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
Degrees,
in
millions
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Total
expenditures
in
billions
of
constant
2000­
01
dollars
Public
colleges
Private
colleges
Figure
13.
 
Enrollment,
degrees
conferred,
and
expenditures
in
degree­
granting
institutions:
1960
 
61
to
2000­
01
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Public
colleges
Private
colleges
NOTE:
Degree
data
for
2000­
01,
finance
data
for
1996­
97
through
2000­
01,
and
enrollment
data
for
fall
2000
are
estimated.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
"
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education,"
"
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred,"
and
"
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education"
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Fall
Enrollment,"
"
Completions,"
and
"
Finance"
surveys.
$
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
School
year
beginning
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Fall
enrollment,
in
millions
201
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Year
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Enrollment
in
thousands
Figure
15.
 
Enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
age:
Fall
1970
to
fall
2010
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Fall
Enrollment"
surveys.
Figure
14.
 
Percentage
change
in
total
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
Fall
1990
to
fall
1999
Increase
of
20
percent
or
more
Increase
of
less
than
10
percent
Increase
of
at
least
10
percent
but
less
than
20
percent
Decrease
or
no
change
Percent
change
WA
MT
ND
OR
ID
WY
SD
UT
CA
NV
CO
KS
NE
AZ
NM
OK
TX
AK
MN
IA
MO
AR
TN
NC
LA
FL
MS
AL
GA
WI
IL
KY
IN
OH
WV
PA
VA
DC
ME
VT
NH
MA
CT
SC
MI
HI
RI
DE
MD
NJ
NY
Under
22
years
old
30
years
old
and
over
22
to
24
years
old
25
to
29
years
old
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
"
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education"
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Fall
Enrollment"
surveys;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
20,
"
Social
and
Economic
Characteristics
of
Students,"
various
years.
DC
MD
DE
RI
Projected
202
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
Fields
of
study
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
Degrees
1989­
90
1994­
95
1999­
2000
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
"
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred"
survey,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Completions"
surveys.
Public
college
professional
staff
Public
college
nonprofessional
staff
Private
college
professional
staff
Private
college
nonprofessional
staff
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
Business
and
management
Education
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
Social
sciences
and
history
Visual
and
performing
arts
Communications
and
communications
technologies
Computer
and
information
sciences
Engineering
and
engineering­
related
technologies
Psychology
8.1
14.4
6.2
11.2
10.5
12.9
8.1
9.6
0
5
10
15
20
FTE
students
per
FTE
staff
1976
1999
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
"
Staff"
and
"
Fall
Enrollment
in
Higher
Education"
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Staff"
and
"
Fall
Enrollment"
surveys.
Figure
16.
 
Full­
time­
equivalent
students
per
staff
member
in
public
and
private
degree­
granting
institutions:
1976
and
1999
Figure
17.
 
Trends
in
bachelor's
degrees
conferred
in
selected
fields
of
study:
1989­
90,
1994­
95,
and
1999­
2000
203
POSTSECONDARY
EDUCATION
Tuition
19
Federal
government
11
State
governments
35.6
Local
governments
3.9
4.3
0.6
Sales
and
services
22.2
Other
3.3
Private
sources,
4.3%
Endowment
income,
0.6%
State
governments,
35.6%
Tuition,
19.0%
Federal
government,
11.0%

Other,
3.3%

Sales
and
services,
22.2%

Tuition
27.9
Federal
government
8.2
State
governments
1
Local
governments
0.6
Private
sources
12.4
Investment
return
24.6
Other
25.3
Total
Revenues
=
$
69.8
billion
Current­
fund
revenues
=
$
130.0
billion
Figure
18.
 
Sources
of
current­
fund
revenue
for
public
degree­
granting
institutions:
1996
 
97
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Finance
FY97"
survey.
Local
governments,
3.9%

Tuition,
27.9%

Educational
activities,
auxiliary
enterprises,
hospitals,
independent
operations,
and
other,
25.3%
Federal
government,
8.2%

State
governments,
1.0%

Local
governments,
0.6%

Private
sources,
12.4%

Investment
return,
24.6%

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
"
Finance,
FY97"
survey.
Total
revenues
=
$
91.1
billion
Figure
19.
 
Sources
of
total
revenue
for
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions:
1996
 
97
204
POSTSECONDARY:
SUMMARY
ENROLLMENT
Table
170.
 
Enrollment,
staff,
and
degrees
conferred
in
postsecondary
institutions
participating
in
Title
IV
programs,
by
level
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1997,
fall
1999,
and
1999
 
2000
Level
of
institution,
type
of
degree,
and
sex
of
student
All
Title
IV
participating
1
2­
year
and
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
2
Non­
degree­
granting
institutions
3
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
Total
Not­
forprofit
For­
profit
Total
Not­
forprofit
For­
profit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Total
........................................
15,205,180
14,791,224
11,309,399
3,481,825
3,051,626
430,199
413,956
182,413
231,543
33,172
198,371
4­
year
institutions
................
9,199,813
9,198,525
5,969,950
3,228,575
2,989,285
239,290
1,288
149
1,139
781
358
Men
..................................
4,103,543
4,103,297
2,669,629
1,433,668
1,307,723
125,945
246
57
189
125
64
Women
............................
5,096,270
5,095,228
3,300,321
1,794,907
1,681,562
113,345
1,042
92
950
656
294
2­
year
institutions
................
5,761,835
5,592,699
5,339,449
253,250
62,341
190,909
169,136
106,222
62,914
24,535
38,379
Men
..................................
2,463,596
2,387,349
2,271,552
115,797
26,354
89,443
76,247
53,134
23,113
8,380
14,733
Women
............................
3,298,239
3,205,350
3,067,897
137,453
35,987
101,466
92,889
53,088
39,801
16,155
23,646
Less
than
2­
year
.................
243,532
 
 
 
 
 
243,532
76,042
167,490
7,856
159,634
Men
..................................
81,690
 
 
 
 
 
81,690
34,895
46,795
2,704
44,091
Women
............................
161,842
 
 
 
 
 
161,842
41,147
120,695
5,152
115,543
Staff,
fall
1997
Total
........................................
2,808,710
2,752,504
1,930,747
821,757
777,229
44,528
56,206
24,946
31,260
5,367
25,893
Professional
staff
.................
1,881,691
1,835,916
1,291,339
544,577
508,095
36,482
45,775
19,626
26,149
4,249
21,900
Administrative
..................
159,215
151,363
84,806
66,557
62,319
4,238
7,852
1,421
6,431
763
5,668
Faculty
.............................
1,020,786
989,813
694,560
295,253
271,257
23,996
30,973
15,842
15,131
2,605
12,526
Faculty
assistants
............
224,821
222,724
186,042
36,682
35,034
1,648
2,097
866
1,231
174
1,057
Other
professionals
.........
476,869
472,016
325,931
146,085
139,485
6,600
4,853
1,497
3,356
707
2,649
Nonprofessional
staff
..........
927,019
916,588
639,408
277,180
269,134
8,046
10,431
5,320
5,111
1,118
3,993
Student/
staff
ratio
....................
5.3
5.3
5.8
4.0
3.8
7.4
7.1
7.0
7.1
6.4
7.3
Degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Less
than
1­
year
awards
and
1­
to
4­
year
awards
558,265
260,401
191,488
68,913
13,800
55,113
297,864
103,560
194,304
14,780
179,524
4­
year
institutions
................
23,408
23,265
10,084
13,181
8,297
4,884
143
0
143
59
84
Men
..................................
11,176
11,166
4,657
6,509
3,615
2,894
10
0
10
5
5
Women
............................
12,232
12,099
5,427
6,672
4,682
1,990
133
0
133
54
79
2­
year
institutions
................
304,090
237,136
181,404
55,732
5,503
50,229
66,954
37,321
29,633
8,610
21,023
Men
..................................
135,764
107,070
81,028
26,042
2,823
23,219
28,694
18,740
9,954
2,771
7,183
Women
............................
168,326
130,066
100,376
29,690
2,680
27,010
38,260
18,581
19,679
5,839
13,840
Less
than
2­
year
.................
230,767
 
 
 
 
 
230,767
66,239
164,528
6,111
158,417
Men
..................................
79,206
 
 
 
 
 
79,206
28,041
51,165
1,969
49,196
Women
............................
151,561
 
 
 
 
 
151,561
38,198
113,363
4,142
109,221
Associate
................................
565,057
564,933
448,446
116,487
46,337
70,150
124
0
124
16
108
4­
year
..................................
89,679
89,679
36,813
52,866
30,764
22,102
0
0
0
0
0
Men
..................................
40,045
40,045
15,040
25,005
11,717
13,288
0
0
0
0
0
Women
............................
49,634
49,634
21,773
27,861
19,047
8,814
0
0
0
0
0
2­
year
..................................
475,324
475,254
411,633
63,621
15,573
48,048
70
0
70
7
63
Men
..................................
184,682
184,676
154,006
30,670
6,923
23,747
6
0
6
0
6
Women
............................
290,642
290,578
257,627
32,951
8,650
24,301
64
0
64
7
57
Less
than
2­
year
.................
54
 
 
 
 
 
54
0
54
9
45
Men
..................................
39
 
 
 
 
 
39
0
39
2
37
Women
............................
15
 
 
 
 
 
15
0
15
7
8
Bachelor's
...............................
1,237,885
1,237,875
810,855
427,020
406,958
20,062
10
0
10
10
0
Men
.....................................
530,368
530,367
350,574
179,793
168,837
10,956
1
0
1
1
0
Women
................................
707,517
707,508
460,281
247,227
238,121
9,106
9
0
9
9
0
Master's
..................................
457,056
457,056
243,157
213,899
203,591
10,308
0
0
0
0
0
Men
.....................................
191,792
191,792
99,253
92,539
87,386
5,153
0
0
0
0
0
Women
................................
265,264
265,264
143,904
121,360
116,205
5,155
0
0
0
0
0
Doctor's
...................................
44,808
44,808
28,408
16,400
15,800
600
0
0
0
0
0
Men
.....................................
25,028
25,028
16,107
8,921
8,688
233
0
0
0
0
0
Women
................................
19,780
19,780
12,301
7,479
7,112
367
0
0
0
0
0
First­
professional
....................
80,057
80,057
32,247
47,810
47,301
509
0
0
0
0
0
Men
.....................................
44,239
44,239
16,923
27,316
27,026
290
0
0
0
0
0
Women
................................
35,818
35,818
15,324
20,494
20,275
219
0
0
0
0
0
 
Not
applicable.
1
Includes
nondegree­
granting
institutions
with
nonaccredited
degree
programs.
2
Preliminary
data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Preliminary
data
are
for
institutions
that
did
not
offer
accredited
4­
year
or
2­
year
degree
programs,
but
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Includes
some
schools
with
nonaccredited
degree
programs.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,''
``
Staff,''
and
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
205
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
171.
 
Historical
summary
of
faculty,
students,
degrees,
and
finances
in
degree­
granting
institutions:
1869
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
Item
1869
 
70
1879
 
80
1889
 
90
1899
 
1900
1909
 
10
1919
 
20
1929
 
30
1939
 
40
1949
 
50
1959
 
60
1969
 
70
1979
 
80
1989
 
90
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Total
institutions
1
....................
563
811
998
977
951
1,041
1,409
1,708
1,851
2,004
2,525
3,152
3,535
4,048
4,084
Total
faculty
2
..............................
3
5,553
3
11,522
3
15,809
23,868
36,480
48,615
82,386
146,929
246,722
380,554
4
450,000
4
675,000
5
824,220
 
1,027,830
Men
........................................
3
4,887
3
7,328
3
12,704
19,151
29,132
35,807
60,017
106,328
186,189
296,773
4
346,000
4
479,000
5
577,298
 
602,469
Women
...................................
3
666
3
4,194
3
3,105
4,717
7,348
12,808
22,369
40,601
60,533
83,781
4
104,000
4
196,000
5
246,922
 
425,361
Total
fall
enrollment
6
..................
3
52,286
3
115,817
3
156,756
237,592
3
355,213
597,880
1,100,737
1,494,203
2,659,021
3,639,847
8,004,660
11,569,899
13,538,560
14,506,967
14,791,224
Men
........................................
3
41,160
3
77,972
3
100,453
152,254
3
214,648
314,938
619,935
893,250
1,853,068
2,332,617
4,746,201
5,682,877
6,190,015
6,369,265
6,490,646
Women
...................................
3
11,126
3
37,845
3
56,303
85,338
3
140,565
282,942
480,802
600,953
805,953
1,307,230
3,258,459
5,887,022
7,348,545
8,137,702
8,300,578
Earned
degrees
conferred
Associate,
total
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
206,023
400,910
455,102
559,954
564,933
Men
........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
117,432
183,737
191,195
218,417
224,721
Women
...................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88,591
217,173
263,907
341,537
340,212
Bachelor's,
total
7
........................
9,371
12,896
15,539
27,410
37,199
48,622
122,484
186,500
432,058
392,440
792,316
929,417
1,051,344
1,200,303
1,237,875
Men
........................................
7,993
10,411
12,857
22,173
28,762
31,980
73,615
109,546
328,841
254,063
451,097
473,611
491,696
518,746
530,367
Women
...................................
1,378
2,485
2,682
5,237
8,437
16,642
48,869
76,954
103,217
138,377
341,219
455,806
559,648
681,557
707,508
Master's,
total
8
...........................
0
879
1,015
1,583
2,113
4,279
14,969
26,731
58,183
74,435
208,291
298,081
324,301
439,986
457,056
Men
........................................
0
868
821
1,280
1,555
2,985
8,925
16,508
41,220
50,898
125,624
150,749
153,653
186,148
191,792
Women
...................................
0
11
194
303
558
1,294
6,044
10,223
16,963
23,537
82,667
147,332
170,648
253,838
265,264
First­
professional
7
......................
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
34,918
70,131
70,988
78,439
80,057
Men
........................................
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
33,077
52,716
43,961
44,339
44,239
Women
...................................
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
1,841
17,415
27,027
34,100
35,818
Doctor's,
total
..............................
1
54
149
382
443
615
2,299
3,290
6,420
9,829
29,866
32,615
38,371
44,077
44,808
Men
........................................
1
51
147
359
399
522
1,946
2,861
5,804
8,801
25,890
22,943
24,401
25,146
25,028
Women
...................................
0
3
2
23
44
93
353
429
616
1,028
3,976
9,672
13,970
18,931
19,780
Finances,
in
thousands
Current­
fund
revenue
.................
 
 
 
 
$
76,883
$
199,922
$
554,511
$
715,211
$
2,374,645
$
5,785,537
$
21,515,242
$
58,519,982
$
139,635,477
 
 
Educational
and
general
income
.................................
 
 
$
21,464
$
35,084
67,917
172,929
483,065
571,288
1,833,845
4,688,352
16,486,177
 
 
 
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
507,142
674,688
2,245,661
5,601,376
21,043,113
56,913,588
134,655,571
 
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
377,903
521,990
1,706,444
4,685,258
16,845,212
44,542,843
105,585,076
 
 
Value
of
physical
property
..........
 
 
95,426
253,599
457,594
747,333
2,065,049
9
2,753,780
4,799,964
13,548,548
42,093,580
83,733,387
164,635,000
 
 
Market
value
of
endowment
funds
.......................................
 
 
10
78,788
10
194,998
10
323,661
10
569,071
10
1,372,068
10
1,686,283
10
2,601,223
10
5,322,080
11,206,632
20,743,045
67,978,726
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Prior
to
1979
 
80,
excludes
branch
campuses.

2
Total
number
of
different
individuals
(
not
reduced
to
full­
time
equivalent).
Beginning
in
1959
 
60,
data
are
for
the
first
term
of
the
academic
year.
Beginning
in
1969
 
70,
data
include
only
instructional
faculty
with
the
rank
of
instructor
or
above.

3
Estimated.

4
Estimated
number
of
senior
instructional
staff.
Excludes
graduate
assistants.

5
Because
of
revised
survey
procedures,
data
may
not
be
directly
comparable
with
figures
prior
to
1989
 
90.

6
Data
for
1869
 
70
to
1949
 
50
are
for
resident
degree­
credit
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.

7
From
1869
 
70
to
1959
 
60,
first­
professional
degrees
included
under
bachelor's
degrees.

8
Figures
for
years
prior
to
1969
 
70
are
not
precisely
comparable
with
later
data.

9
Includes
unexpended
plant
funds.

10
Book
value.
Includes
other
nonexpendable
funds.
NOTE:
Data
for
1869
 
70
to
1989
 
90
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Biennial
Survey
of
Education
in
the
United
States;
Education
Directory,
Colleges
and
Universities;
Faculty
and
Other
Professional
Staff
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities;
Earned
Degrees
Conferred;
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
and
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education,''
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred,''
and
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,''
``

Completions
``
Staff,''
and
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
206
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
172.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1947
to
1999
Year
Total
enrollment
Attendance
status
Sex
of
student
Control
of
institution
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Public
Private
Total
Not­
for­
profit
For­
profit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
1947
2
..............
2,338,226
 
 
1,659,249
678,977
1,152,377
1,185,849
 
 
1948
2
..............
2,403,396
 
 
1,709,367
694,029
1,185,588
1,217,808
 
 
1949
2
..............
2,444,900
 
 
1,721,572
723,328
1,207,151
1,237,749
 
 
1950
2
..............
2,281,298
 
 
1,560,392
720,906
1,139,699
1,141,599
 
 
1951
2
..............
2,101,962
 
 
1,390,740
711,222
1,037,938
1,064,024
 
 
1952
2
..............
2,134,242
 
 
1,380,357
753,885
1,101,240
1,033,002
 
 
1953
2
..............
2,231,054
 
 
1,422,598
808,456
1,185,876
1,045,178
 
 
1954
2
..............
2,446,693
 
 
1,563,382
883,311
1,353,531
1,093,162
 
 
1955
2
..............
2,653,034
 
 
1,733,184
919,850
1,476,282
1,176,752
 
 
1956
2
..............
2,918,212
 
 
1,911,458
1,006,754
1,656,402
1,261,810
 
 
1957
................
3,323,783
 
 
2,170,765
1,153,018
1,972,673
1,351,110
 
 
1959
................
3,639,847
2,421,016
3
1,218,831
2,332,617
1,307,230
2,180,982
1,458,865
 
 
1961
................
4,145,065
2,785,133
3
1,359,932
2,585,821
1,559,244
2,561,447
1,583,618
 
 
1963
................
4,779,609
3,183,833
3
1,595,776
2,961,540
1,818,069
3,081,279
1,698,330
 
 
1964
................
5,280,020
3,573,238
3
1,706,782
3,248,713
2,031,307
3,467,708
1,812,312
 
 
1965
................
5,920,864
4,095,728
3
1,825,136
3,630,020
2,290,844
3,969,596
1,951,268
 
 
1966
................
6,389,872
4,438,606
3
1,951,266
3,856,216
2,533,656
4,348,917
2,040,955
 
 
1967
................
6,911,748
4,793,128
3
2,118,620
4,132,800
2,778,948
4,816,028
2,095,720
 
 
1968
................
7,513,091
5,210,155
2,302,936
4,477,649
3,035,442
5,430,652
2,082,439
 
 
1969
................
8,004,660
5,498,883
2,505,777
4,746,201
3,258,459
5,896,868
2,107,792
 
 
1970
................
8,580,887
5,816,290
2,764,597
5,043,642
3,537,245
6,428,134
2,152,753
 
 
1971
................
8,948,644
6,077,232
2,871,412
5,207,004
3,741,640
6,804,309
2,144,335
 
 
1972
................
9,214,820
6,072,350
3,142,470
5,238,718
3,976,102
7,070,635
2,144,185
 
 
1973
................
9,602,123
6,189,493
3,412,630
5,371,052
4,231,071
7,419,516
2,182,607
 
 
1974
................
10,223,729
6,370,273
3,853,456
5,622,429
4,601,300
7,988,500
2,235,229
 
 
1975
................
11,184,859
6,841,334
4,343,525
6,148,997
5,035,862
8,834,508
2,350,351
 
 
1976
................
11,012,137
6,717,058
4,295,079
5,810,828
5,201,309
8,653,477
2,358,660
2,314,298
44,362
1977
................
11,285,787
6,792,925
4,492,862
5,789,016
5,496,771
8,846,993
2,438,794
2,386,652
52,142
1978
................
11,260,092
6,667,657
4,592,435
5,640,998
5,619,094
8,785,893
2,474,199
2,408,331
65,868
1979
................
11,569,899
6,794,039
4,775,860
5,682,877
5,887,022
9,036,822
2,533,077
2,461,773
71,304
1980
................
12,096,895
7,097,958
4,998,937
5,874,374
6,222,521
9,457,394
2,639,501
2,527,787
4
111,714
1981
................
12,371,672
7,181,250
5,190,422
5,975,056
6,396,616
9,647,032
2,724,640
2,572,405
4
152,235
1982
................
12,425,780
7,220,618
5,205,162
6,031,384
6,394,396
9,696,087
2,729,693
2,552,739
4
176,954
1983
................
12,464,661
7,261,050
5,203,611
6,023,725
6,440,936
9,682,734
2,781,927
2,589,187
192,740
1984
................
12,241,940
7,098,388
5,143,552
5,863,574
6,378,366
9,477,370
2,764,570
2,574,419
190,151
1985
................
12,247,055
7,075,221
5,171,834
5,818,450
6,428,605
9,479,273
2,767,782
2,571,791
195,991
1986
................
12,503,511
7,119,550
5,383,961
5,884,515
6,618,996
9,713,893
2,789,618
2,572,479
5
217,139
1987
................
12,766,642
7,231,085
5,535,557
5,932,056
6,834,586
9,973,254
2,793,388
2,602,350
5
191,038
1988
................
13,055,337
7,436,768
5,618,569
6,001,896
7,053,441
10,161,388
2,893,949
2,673,567
220,382
1989
................
13,538,560
7,660,950
5,877,610
6,190,015
7,348,545
10,577,963
2,960,597
2,731,174
229,423
1990
................
13,818,637
7,820,985
5,997,652
6,283,909
7,534,728
10,844,717
2,973,920
2,760,227
213,693
1991
................
14,358,953
8,115,329
6,243,624
6,501,844
7,857,109
11,309,563
3,049,390
2,819,041
230,349
1992
................
14,487,359
8,162,118
6,325,241
6,523,989
7,963,370
11,384,567
3,102,792
2,872,523
230,269
1993
................
14,304,803
8,127,618
6,177,185
6,427,450
7,877,353
11,189,088
3,115,715
2,888,897
226,818
1994
................
14,278,790
8,137,776
6,141,014
6,371,898
7,906,892
11,133,680
3,145,110
2,910,107
235,003
1995
................
14,261,781
8,128,802
6,132,979
6,342,539
7,919,242
11,092,374
3,169,407
2,929,044
240,363
1996
................
14,300,255
8,213,490
6,086,765
6,343,992
7,956,263
11,090,171
3,210,084
2,940,557
269,527
1997
................
14,345,416
8,322,362
6,023,054
6,329,960
8,015,456
11,146,155
3,199,261
2,961,714
237,547
Degree­
granting
institutions
6
1996
................
14,367,520
8,302,953
6,064,567
6,352,825
8,014,695
11,120,499
3,247,021
2,942,556
304,465
1997
................
14,502,334
8,438,062
6,064,272
6,396,028
8,106,306
11,196,119
3,306,215
2,977,614
328,601
1998
7
..............
14,506,967
8,563,338
5,943,629
6,369,265
8,137,702
11,137,769
3,369,198
3,004,925
364,273
1999
8
..............
14,791,224
8,786,494
6,004,730
6,490,646
8,300,578
11,309,399
3,481,825
3,051,626
430,199
 
Not
available.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Degree­
credit
enrollment
only.
3
Includes
part­
time
resident
students
and
all
extension
students.
4
Large
increases
are
due
to
the
addition
of
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology.
5
Because
of
imputation
techniques,
data
are
not
consistent
with
figures
for
other
years.
6
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
7
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
8
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
NOTE:
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
As
of
1996,
the
Department
has
been
collecting
data
from
Title
IV
participants.
The
new
degree
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
207
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
173.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1965
to
1999
Year
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
1965
2
....................
5,920,864
4,747,912
 
 
1,172,952
3,969,596
2,928,332
 
 
1,041,264
1,951,268
1,819,580
 
 
131,688
1966
2
....................
6,389,872
5,063,902
 
 
1,325,970
4,348,917
3,159,748
 
 
1,189,169
2,040,955
1,904,154
 
 
136,801
1967
2
....................
6,911,748
5,398,986
 
 
1,512,762
4,816,028
3,443,975
 
 
1,372,053
2,095,720
1,955,011
 
 
140,709
1968
2
....................
7,513,091
5,720,795
 
 
1,792,296
5,430,652
3,784,178
 
 
1,646,474
2,082,439
1,936,617
 
 
145,822
1969
......................
8,004,660
5,937,127
 
 
2,067,533
5,896,868
3,962,522
 
 
1,934,346
2,107,792
1,974,605
 
 
133,187
1970
......................
8,580,887
6,261,502
 
 
2,319,385
6,428,134
4,232,722
 
 
2,195,412
2,152,753
2,028,780
 
 
123,973
1971
......................
8,948,644
6,369,355
 
 
2,579,289
6,804,309
4,346,990
 
 
2,457,319
2,144,335
2,022,365
 
 
121,970
1972
......................
9,214,820
6,458,634
 
 
2,756,186
7,070,635
4,429,696
 
 
2,640,939
2,144,185
2,028,938
 
 
115,247
1973
......................
9,602,123
6,590,023
 
 
3,012,100
7,419,516
4,529,895
 
 
2,889,621
2,182,607
2,060,128
 
 
122,479
1974
......................
10,223,729
6,819,735
 
 
3,403,994
7,988,500
4,703,018
 
 
3,285,482
2,235,229
2,116,717
 
 
118,512
1975
......................
11,184,859
7,214,740
2,838,266
4,376,474
3,970,119
8,834,508
4,998,142
2,124,221
2,873,921
3,836,366
2,350,351
2,216,598
714,045
1,502,553
133,753
1976
......................
11,012,137
7,128,816
2,780,289
4,348,527
3,883,321
8,653,477
4,901,691
2,079,929
2,821,762
3,751,786
2,358,660
2,227,125
700,360
1,526,765
131,535
1977
......................
11,285,787
7,242,845
2,793,418
4,449,427
4,042,942
8,846,993
4,945,224
2,070,032
2,875,192
3,901,769
2,438,794
2,297,621
723,386
1,574,235
141,173
1978
......................
11,260,092
7,231,625
2,780,729
4,451,222
4,028,467
8,785,893
4,912,203
2,062,295
2,849,908
3,873,690
2,474,199
2,319,422
718,434
1,601,314
154,777
1979
......................
11,569,899
7,353,233
2,839,582
4,513,651
4,216,666
9,036,822
4,980,012
2,099,525
2,880,487
4,056,810
2,533,077
2,373,221
740,057
1,633,164
159,856
1980
......................
12,096,895
7,570,608
2,902,014
4,668,594
4,526,287
9,457,394
5,128,612
2,154,283
2,974,329
4,328,782
2,639,501
2,441,996
747,731
1,694,265
3
197,505
1981
......................
12,371,672
7,655,461
2,901,344
4,754,117
4,716,211
9,647,032
5,166,324
2,152,474
3,013,850
4,480,708
2,724,640
2,489,137
748,870
1,740,267
3
235,503
1982
......................
12,425,780
7,654,074
2,883,735
4,770,339
4,771,706
9,696,087
5,176,434
2,152,547
3,023,887
4,519,653
2,729,693
2,477,640
731,188
1,746,452
252,053
1983
......................
12,464,661
7,741,195
2,888,813
4,852,382
4,723,466
9,682,734
5,223,404
2,154,790
3,068,614
4,459,330
2,781,927
2,517,791
734,023
1,783,768
264,136
1984
......................
12,241,940
7,711,167
2,870,329
4,840,838
4,530,773
9,477,370
5,198,273
2,138,621
3,059,652
4,279,097
2,764,570
2,512,894
731,708
1,781,186
251,676
1985
......................
12,247,055
7,715,978
2,870,692
4,845,286
4,531,077
9,479,273
5,209,540
2,141,112
3,068,428
4,269,733
2,767,782
2,506,438
729,580
1,776,858
261,344
1986
......................
12,503,511
7,823,963
2,897,207
4,926,756
4,679,548
9,713,893
5,300,202
2,160,646
3,139,556
4,413,691
2,789,618
2,523,761
736,561
1,787,200
4
265,857
1987
......................
12,766,642
7,990,420
2,929,327
5,061,093
4,776,222
9,973,254
5,432,200
2,188,008
3,244,192
4,541,054
2,793,388
2,558,220
741,319
1,816,901
4
235,168
1988
......................
13,055,337
8,180,182
2,978,593
5,201,589
4,875,155
10,161,388
5,545,901
2,229,868
3,316,033
4,615,487
2,893,949
2,634,281
748,725
1,885,556
259,668
1989
......................
13,538,560
8,387,671
3,019,115
5,368,556
5,150,889
10,577,963
5,694,303
2,266,056
3,428,247
4,883,660
2,960,597
2,693,368
753,059
1,940,309
267,229
1990
......................
13,818,637
8,578,554
3,044,670
5,533,884
5,240,083
10,844,717
5,848,242
2,290,464
3,557,778
4,996,475
2,973,920
2,730,312
754,206
1,976,106
243,608
1991
......................
14,358,953
8,707,053
3,065,429
5,641,624
5,651,900
11,309,563
5,904,748
2,301,222
3,603,526
5,404,815
3,049,390
2,802,305
764,207
2,038,098
247,085
1992
......................
14,487,359
8,764,969
3,050,345
5,714,624
5,722,390
11,384,567
5,900,012
2,283,834
3,616,178
5,484,555
3,102,792
2,864,957
766,511
2,098,446
237,835
1993
......................
14,304,803
8,738,936
3,022,728
5,716,208
5,565,867
11,189,088
5,851,760
2,259,692
3,592,068
5,337,328
3,115,715
2,887,176
763,036
2,124,140
228,539
1994
......................
14,278,790
8,749,080
3,009,072
5,740,008
5,529,710
11,133,680
5,825,213
2,244,636
3,580,577
5,308,467
3,145,110
2,923,867
764,436
2,159,431
221,243
1995
......................
14,261,781
8,769,252
2,999,641
5,769,611
5,492,529
11,092,374
5,814,545
2,235,939
3,578,606
5,277,829
3,169,407
2,954,707
763,702
2,191,005
214,700
1996
......................
14,300,255
8,802,835
2,984,965
5,817,870
5,497,420
11,090,171
5,806,904
2,226,529
3,580,375
5,283,267
3,210,084
2,995,931
758,436
2,237,495
214,153
1997
......................
14,345,416
8,874,676
2,995,886
5,878,790
5,470,740
11,146,155
5,834,525
2,231,273
3,603,252
5,311,630
3,199,261
3,040,151
764,613
2,275,538
159,110
Degree­
granting
institutions
5
1996
......................
14,367,520
8,804,193
2,984,965
5,819,228
5,563,327
11,120,499
5,806,036
2,226,529
3,579,507
5,314,463
3,247,021
2,998,157
758,436
2,239,721
248,864
1997
......................
14,502,334
8,896,765
2,995,886
5,900,879
5,605,569
11,196,119
5,835,433
2,231,273
3,604,160
5,360,686
3,306,215
3,061,332
764,613
2,296,719
244,883
1998
6
....................
14,506,967
9,017,653
3,021,136
5,996,517
5,489,314
11,137,769
5,891,806
2,249,825
3,641,981
5,245,963
3,369,198
3,125,847
771,311
2,354,536
243,351
1999
7
....................
14,791,224
9,198,525
3,044,369
6,154,156
5,592,699
11,309,399
5,969,950
2,266,494
3,703,456
5,339,449
3,481,825
3,228,575
777,875
2,450,700
253,250
 
Not
available.

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Data
for
2­
year
branch
campuses
of
4­
year
institutions
are
included
with
the
4­
year
institutions.

3
Large
increases
are
due
to
the
addition
of
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology.

4
Because
of
imputation
techniques,
data
are
not
consistent
with
figures
for
other
years.

5
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

6
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
7
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

NOTE:
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.

Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
208
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
174.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
age:
1970
to
2011
[
In
thousands]

Sex
and
age
1970
1
1975
1
1980
1
1990
1
1995
1
1996
1
1997
1
1998
2
1999
2
Projected
2
2000
2001
2010
2011
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Men
and
women,
total
........
8,581
11,185
12,097
13,819
14,262
14,300
14,345
14,507
14,791
14,979
15,300
17,457
17,688
14
to
17
years
old
............
259
278
247
177
148
229
168
119
143
172
170
224
224
18
and
19
years
old
.........
2,600
2,786
2,901
2,950
2,894
3,004
3,014
3,382
3,414
3,458
3,543
4,136
4,111
20
and
21
years
old
.........
1,880
2,243
2,424
2,761
2,705
2,643
2,843
2,811
2,989
3,017
3,101
3,615
3,716
22
to
24
years
old
............
1,457
1,753
1,989
2,144
2,411
2,316
2,453
2,377
2,435
2,395
2,457
2,862
2,928
25
to
29
years
old
............
1,074
1,774
1,871
1,982
2,120
2,124
1,981
1,991
1,870
1,867
1,863
2,316
2,355
30
to
34
years
old
............
487
967
1,243
1,322
1,236
1,194
1,098
1,195
1,145
1,185
1,223
1,356
1,405
35
years
old
and
over
......
823
1,383
1,421
2,484
2,747
2,790
2,790
2,632
2,796
2,885
2,943
2,948
2,948
Men
...................................
5,044
6,149
5,874
6,284
6,343
6,344
6,330
6,369
6,491
6,538
6,644
7,325
7,401
14
to
17
years
old
............
130
126
99
87
61
92
55
45
72
94
89
109
108
18
and
19
years
old
.........
1,349
1,397
1,375
1,421
1,338
1,342
1,392
1,535
1,541
1,551
1,585
1,797
1,783
20
and
21
years
old
.........
1,095
1,245
1,259
1,368
1,282
1,224
1,359
1,374
1,392
1,420
1,450
1,625
1,665
22
to
24
years
old
............
964
1,047
1,064
1,107
1,153
1,175
1,190
1,127
1,090
1,091
1,136
1,319
1,346
25
to
29
years
old
............
783
1,122
993
940
962
993
964
908
874
865
861
1,038
1,051
30
to
34
years
old
............
308
557
576
537
561
480
439
463
517
521
531
543
559
35
years
old
and
over
......
415
654
507
824
986
1,039
931
917
1,005
997
992
894
889
Women
.............................
3,537
5,036
6,223
7,535
7,919
7,956
8,015
8,138
8,301
8,441
8,656
10,132
10,287
14
to
17
years
old
............
129
152
148
90
87
137
113
74
72
78
81
115
116
18
and
19
years
old
.........
1,250
1,389
1,526
1,529
1,557
1,662
1,622
1,847
1,874
1,907
1,958
2,338
2,328
20
and
21
years
old
.........
786
998
1,165
1,392
1,424
1,419
1,484
1,437
1,597
1,597
1,651
1,990
2,052
22
to
24
years
old
............
493
706
925
1,037
1,258
1,141
1,263
1,250
1,344
1,305
1,321
1,543
1,583
25
to
29
years
old
............
291
652
878
1,043
1,159
1,131
1,017
1,083
995
1,002
1,002
1,278
1,304
30
to
34
years
old
............
179
410
667
784
675
714
659
732
627
664
692
813
846
35
years
old
and
over
......
409
729
914
1,659
1,760
1,752
1,859
1,715
1,791
1,888
1,951
2,054
2,059
Full­
time
........................
5,816
6,841
7,098
7,821
8,129
8,213
8,322
8,563
8,786
8,797
9,035
10,586
10,747
14
to
17
years
old
............
242
253
223
144
123
164
120
93
129
136
143
188
189
18
and
19
years
old
.........
2,406
2,619
2,669
2,548
2,387
2,516
2,492
2,794
2,848
2,857
2,956
3,556
3,540
20
and
21
years
old
.........
1,647
1,910
2,075
2,151
2,109
2,098
2,248
2,271
2,362
2,400
2,492
2,962
3,049
22
to
24
years
old
............
881
924
1,121
1,350
1,517
1,586
1,590
1,564
1,662
1,613
1,642
1,890
1,937
25
to
29
years
old
............
407
630
577
770
908
902
886
890
854
811
795
960
980
30
to
34
years
old
............
100
264
251
387
430
379
371
367
338
372
391
427
445
35
years
old
and
over
......
134
241
182
471
653
568
616
584
593
608
615
602
606
Men
...............................
3,505
3,927
3,689
3,808
3,807
3,816
3,839
3,934
4,026
4,005
4,091
4,627
4,682
14
to
17
years
old
............
124
114
87
71
54
71
46
39
63
69
74
90
90
18
and
19
years
old
.........
1,265
1,329
1,270
1,230
1,091
1,111
1,134
1,240
1,271
1,271
1,308
1,523
1,513
20
and
21
years
old
.........
990
1,074
1,109
1,055
999
961
1,061
1,129
1,125
1,144
1,171
1,321
1,354
22
to
24
years
old
............
650
633
665
742
789
853
762
777
788
761
779
895
914
25
to
29
years
old
............
327
445
360
401
454
440
470
424
416
401
396
461
468
30
to
34
years
old
............
72
181
124
156
183
143
158
141
149
155
162
167
172
35
years
old
and
over
......
75
149
74
152
238
237
207
184
213
204
201
171
171
Women
..........................
2,311
2,915
3,409
4,013
4,321
4,398
4,483
4,630
4,761
4,792
4,945
5,959
6,065
14
to
17
years
old
............
117
138
136
73
69
93
74
54
66
67
69
98
100
18
and
19
years
old
.........
1,140
1,290
1,399
1,318
1,296
1,405
1,358
1,555
1,577
1,585
1,648
2,033
2,027
20
and
21
years
old
.........
657
835
966
1,096
1,111
1,137
1,187
1,142
1,237
1,256
1,321
1,642
1,695
22
to
24
years
old
............
231
291
456
608
729
734
828
787
875
852
864
995
1,023
25
to
29
years
old
............
80
185
217
369
455
462
416
466
437
410
399
500
513
30
to
34
years
old
............
28
83
127
231
247
236
213
226
190
218
229
261
272
35
years
old
and
over
......
59
92
108
319
415
331
409
400
380
403
414
431
435
Part­
time
........................
2,765
4,344
4,999
5,998
6,133
6,087
6,023
5,944
6,005
6,182
6,265
6,871
6,942
14
to
17
years
old
............
17
42
38
32
25
65
47
26
14
36
27
35
35
18
and
19
years
old
.........
194
340
418
402
507
488
522
588
566
602
587
580
571
20
and
21
years
old
.........
233
447
441
610
596
544
595
540
627
617
609
653
667
22
to
24
years
old
............
576
717
844
794
894
729
863
813
772
782
815
973
991
25
to
29
years
old
............
668
1,032
1,209
1,213
1,212
1,222
1,095
1,101
1,016
1,055
1,067
1,356
1,374
30
to
34
years
old
............
388
670
905
935
805
815
727
828
806
813
831
928
961
35
years
old
and
over
......
689
1,098
1,145
2,012
2,093
2,222
2,174
2,048
2,203
2,278
2,328
2,346
2,342
Men
...............................
1,540
2,222
2,185
2,476
2,535
2,528
2,491
2,436
2,465
2,533
2,554
2,698
2,719
14
to
17
years
old
............
5
18
17
16
7
21
9
5
8
25
15
19
19
18
and
19
years
old
.........
84
153
202
191
246
231
258
296
269
280
278
274
270
20
and
21
years
old
.........
105
219
201
313
283
263
298
245
267
276
279
304
311
22
to
24
years
old
............
314
358
392
365
365
323
427
350
302
330
357
424
431
25
to
29
years
old
............
456
631
594
539
508
553
494
485
458
464
465
577
583
30
to
34
years
old
............
236
361
397
381
378
337
281
322
369
366
369
376
387
35
years
old
and
over
......
340
486
382
672
748
801
724
733
791
793
791
723
718
Women
..........................
1,225
2,121
2,814
3,521
3,598
3,558
3,532
3,508
3,540
3,648
3,711
4,173
4,222
14
to
17
years
old
............
12
24
20
17
18
45
39
21
6
11
12
16
16
18
and
19
years
old
.........
110
188
215
211
261
257
264
292
297
322
309
306
301
20
and
21
years
old
.........
128
228
240
297
313
282
297
295
360
341
330
349
357
22
to
24
years
old
............
262
359
452
429
529
407
436
463
470
452
458
549
560
25
to
29
years
old
............
212
401
616
674
704
669
601
617
558
591
603
779
791
30
to
34
years
old
............
151
309
507
554
427
478
446
506
438
446
462
552
574
35
years
old
and
over
......
349
612
762
1,340
1,345
1,421
1,450
1,315
1,411
1,485
1,537
1,623
1,623
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

NOTE:
Distributions
by
age
are
estimates
based
on
samples
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
``
Social
and
Economic
Characteristics
of
Students,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
209
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
175.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level,
sex,
age,
and
attendance
status
of
student:
1999
Attendance
status
and
age
of
student
All
levels
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
students
..........................
14,791,224
6,490,646
8,300,578
12,681,231
5,559,457
7,121,774
303,190
165,134
138,056
1,806,803
766,055
1,040,748
Under
18
...........................
384,050
156,547
227,503
383,879
156,467
227,412
23
5
18
148
75
73
18
and
19
.........................
3,181,505
1,412,654
1,768,851
3,180,477
1,412,267
1,768,210
589
199
390
439
188
251
20
and
21
.........................
2,872,827
1,307,392
1,565,435
2,851,647
1,298,990
1,552,657
8,702
3,296
5,406
12,478
5,106
7,372
22
to
24
............................
2,337,641
1,118,993
1,218,648
1,966,041
963,239
1,002,802
105,976
52,688
53,288
265,624
103,066
162,558
25
to
29
............................
2,032,502
941,305
1,091,197
1,372,136
630,729
741,407
113,402
65,732
47,670
546,964
244,844
302,120
30
to
34
............................
1,156,537
507,667
648,870
808,791
331,969
476,822
33,140
20,356
12,784
314,606
155,342
159,264
35
to
39
............................
887,709
348,054
539,655
672,012
247,940
424,072
15,224
8,907
6,317
200,473
91,207
109,266
40
to
49
............................
1,190,706
412,446
778,260
879,723
300,088
579,635
15,217
7,975
7,242
295,766
104,383
191,383
50
to
64
............................
441,861
153,520
288,341
323,171
113,230
209,941
4,667
2,220
2,447
114,023
38,070
75,953
65
and
over
......................
77,454
31,470
45,984
70,252
28,035
42,217
270
169
101
6,932
3,266
3,666
Age
unknown
....................
228,432
100,598
127,834
173,102
76,503
96,599
5,980
3,587
2,393
49,350
20,508
28,842
Full­
time
.................................
8,786,494
4,025,721
4,760,773
7,735,075
3,515,869
4,219,206
270,581
146,613
123,968
780,838
363,239
417,599
Under
18
...........................
123,944
48,858
75,086
123,870
48,820
75,050
22
5
17
52
33
19
18
and
19
.........................
2,726,244
1,205,902
1,520,342
2,725,397
1,205,585
1,519,812
578
197
381
269
120
149
20
and
21
.........................
2,319,667
1,059,437
1,260,230
2,301,118
1,051,983
1,249,135
8,574
3,235
5,339
9,975
4,219
5,756
22
to
24
............................
1,522,893
758,541
764,352
1,236,780
632,607
604,173
103,084
51,252
51,832
183,029
74,682
108,347
25
to
29
............................
953,602
475,124
478,478
573,309
278,429
294,880
103,932
60,332
43,600
276,361
136,363
139,998
30
to
34
............................
408,673
189,139
219,534
255,598
104,701
150,897
26,848
16,449
10,399
126,227
67,989
58,238
35
to
39
............................
256,753
103,271
153,482
179,883
64,487
115,396
11,028
6,370
4,658
65,842
32,414
33,428
40
to
49
............................
283,719
104,558
179,161
197,908
69,453
128,455
9,661
5,036
4,625
76,150
30,069
46,081
50
to
64
............................
77,806
29,631
48,175
49,913
18,934
30,979
2,598
1,234
1,364
25,295
9,463
15,832
65
and
over
......................
6,850
3,352
3,498
5,007
2,403
2,604
140
93
47
1,703
856
847
Age
unknown
....................
106,343
47,908
58,435
86,292
38,467
47,825
4,116
2,410
1,706
15,935
7,031
8,904
Part­
time
................................
6,004,730
2,464,925
3,539,805
4,946,156
2,043,588
2,902,568
32,609
18,521
14,088
1,025,965
402,816
623,149
Under
18
...........................
260,106
107,689
152,417
260,009
107,647
152,362
1
0
1
96
42
54
18
and
19
.........................
455,261
206,752
248,509
455,080
206,682
248,398
11
2
9
170
68
102
20
and
21
.........................
553,160
247,955
305,205
550,529
247,007
303,522
128
61
67
2,503
887
1,616
22
to
24
............................
814,748
360,452
454,296
729,261
330,632
398,629
2,892
1,436
1,456
82,595
28,384
54,211
25
to
29
............................
1,078,900
466,181
612,719
798,827
352,300
446,527
9,470
5,400
4,070
270,603
108,481
162,122
30
to
34
............................
747,864
318,528
429,336
553,193
227,268
325,925
6,292
3,907
2,385
188,379
87,353
101,026
35
to
39
............................
630,956
244,783
386,173
492,129
183,453
308,676
4,196
2,537
1,659
134,631
58,793
75,838
40
to
49
............................
906,987
307,888
599,099
681,815
230,635
451,180
5,556
2,939
2,617
219,616
74,314
145,302
50
to
64
............................
364,055
123,889
240,166
273,258
94,296
178,962
2,069
986
1,083
88,728
28,607
60,121
65
and
over
......................
70,604
28,118
42,486
65,245
25,632
39,613
130
76
54
5,229
2,410
2,819
Age
unknown
....................
122,089
52,690
69,399
86,810
38,036
48,774
1,864
1,177
687
33,415
13,477
19,938
Percentage
distribution
All
students
1
.......................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...........................
2.6
2.4
2.7
3.0
2.8
3.2
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
18
and
19
.........................
21.5
21.8
21.3
25.1
25.4
24.8
0.2
0.1
0.3
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
20
and
21
.........................
19.4
20.1
18.9
22.5
23.4
21.8
2.9
2.0
3.9
0.7
0.7
0.7
22
to
24
............................
15.8
17.2
14.7
15.5
17.3
14.1
35.0
31.9
38.6
14.7
13.5
15.6
25
to
29
............................
13.7
14.5
13.1
10.8
11.3
10.4
37.4
39.8
34.5
30.3
32.0
29.0
30
to
34
............................
7.8
7.8
7.8
6.4
6.0
6.7
10.9
12.3
9.3
17.4
20.3
15.3
35
to
39
............................
6.0
5.4
6.5
5.3
4.5
6.0
5.0
5.4
4.6
11.1
11.9
10.5
40
to
49
............................
8.1
6.4
9.4
6.9
5.4
8.1
5.0
4.8
5.2
16.4
13.6
18.4
50
to
64
............................
3.0
2.4
3.5
2.5
2.0
2.9
1.5
1.3
1.8
6.3
5.0
7.3
65
and
over
......................
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
Age
unknown
....................
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.4
2.0
2.2
1.7
2.7
2.7
2.8
Full­
time
.................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...........................
1.4
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.8
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
18
and
19
.........................
31.0
30.0
31.9
35.2
34.3
36.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
20
and
21
.........................
26.4
26.3
26.5
29.7
29.9
29.6
3.2
2.2
4.3
1.3
1.2
1.4
22
to
24
............................
17.3
18.8
16.1
16.0
18.0
14.3
38.1
35.0
41.8
23.4
20.6
25.9
25
to
29
............................
10.9
11.8
10.1
7.4
7.9
7.0
38.4
41.2
35.2
35.4
37.5
33.5
30
to
34
............................
4.7
4.7
4.6
3.3
3.0
3.6
9.9
11.2
8.4
16.2
18.7
13.9
35
to
39
............................
2.9
2.6
3.2
2.3
1.8
2.7
4.1
4.3
3.8
8.4
8.9
8.0
40
to
49
............................
3.2
2.6
3.8
2.6
2.0
3.0
3.6
3.4
3.7
9.8
8.3
11.0
50
to
64
............................
0.9
0.7
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.7
1.0
0.8
1.1
3.2
2.6
3.8
65
and
over
......................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
Age
unknown
....................
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.5
1.6
1.4
2.0
1.9
2.1
Part­
time
................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...........................
4.3
4.4
4.3
5.3
5.3
5.2
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
18
and
19
.........................
7.6
8.4
7.0
9.2
10.1
8.6
(
2)
(
2)
0.1
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
20
and
21
.........................
9.2
10.1
8.6
11.1
12.1
10.5
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
22
to
24
............................
13.6
14.6
12.8
14.7
16.2
13.7
8.9
7.8
10.3
8.1
7.0
8.7
25
to
29
............................
18.0
18.9
17.3
16.2
17.2
15.4
29.0
29.2
28.9
26.4
26.9
26.0
30
to
34
............................
12.5
12.9
12.1
11.2
11.1
11.2
19.3
21.1
16.9
18.4
21.7
16.2
35
to
39
............................
10.5
9.9
10.9
9.9
9.0
10.6
12.9
13.7
11.8
13.1
14.6
12.2
40
to
49
............................
15.1
12.5
16.9
13.8
11.3
15.5
17.0
15.9
18.6
21.4
18.4
23.3
50
to
64
............................
6.1
5.0
6.8
5.5
4.6
6.2
6.3
5.3
7.7
8.6
7.1
9.6
65
and
over
......................
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
Age
unknown
....................
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.8
1.9
1.7
5.7
6.4
4.9
3.3
3.3
3.2
1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

2
Less
than
.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
210
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
176.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
and
age
and
attendance
status
of
student:
1999
Attendance
status
and
age
of
student
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
students
..................................................................................
14,791,224
9,198,525
5,592,699
11,309,399
5,969,950
5,339,449
3,481,825
3,228,575
253,250
Under
18
...................................................................................
384,050
141,448
242,602
327,739
88,961
238,778
56,311
52,487
3,824
18
and
19
.................................................................................
3,181,505
2,009,338
1,172,167
2,450,381
1,335,355
1,115,026
731,124
673,983
57,141
20
and
21
.................................................................................
2,872,827
1,988,033
884,794
2,190,997
1,347,608
843,389
681,830
640,425
41,405
22
to
24
....................................................................................
2,337,641
1,617,692
719,949
1,847,353
1,165,268
682,085
490,288
452,424
37,864
25
to
29
....................................................................................
2,032,502
1,308,181
724,321
1,524,915
838,097
686,818
507,587
470,084
37,503
30
to
34
....................................................................................
1,156,537
673,099
483,438
866,533
404,425
462,108
290,004
268,674
21,330
35
to
39
....................................................................................
887,709
465,430
422,279
674,386
266,687
407,699
213,323
198,743
14,580
40
to
49
....................................................................................
1,190,706
628,682
562,024
912,407
365,433
546,974
278,299
263,249
15,050
50
to
64
....................................................................................
441,861
208,415
233,446
351,598
122,299
229,299
90,263
86,116
4,147
65
and
over
..............................................................................
77,454
18,575
58,879
71,615
12,977
58,638
5,839
5,598
241
Age
unknown
............................................................................
228,432
139,632
88,800
91,475
22,840
68,635
136,957
116,792
20,165
Full­
time
.........................................................................................
8,786,494
6,642,033
2,144,461
6,224,114
4,292,863
1,931,251
2,562,380
2,349,170
213,210
Under
18
...................................................................................
123,944
76,400
47,544
91,463
47,127
44,336
32,481
29,273
3,208
18
and
19
.................................................................................
2,726,244
1,925,433
800,811
2,013,199
1,266,908
746,291
713,045
658,525
54,520
20
and
21
.................................................................................
2,319,667
1,844,549
475,118
1,670,686
1,232,222
438,464
648,981
612,327
36,654
22
to
24
....................................................................................
1,522,893
1,259,820
263,073
1,129,291
897,755
231,536
393,602
362,065
31,537
25
to
29
....................................................................................
953,602
747,826
205,776
638,442
462,030
176,412
315,160
285,796
29,364
30
to
34
....................................................................................
408,673
298,104
110,569
264,133
169,483
94,650
144,540
128,621
15,919
35
to
39
....................................................................................
256,753
173,535
83,218
161,829
89,140
72,689
94,924
84,395
10,529
40
to
49
....................................................................................
283,719
192,420
91,299
175,759
94,816
80,943
107,960
97,604
10,356
50
to
64
....................................................................................
77,806
51,336
26,470
47,217
23,634
23,583
30,589
27,702
2,887
65
and
over
..............................................................................
6,850
4,341
2,509
4,515
2,187
2,328
2,335
2,154
181
Age
unknown
............................................................................
106,343
68,269
38,074
27,580
7,561
20,019
78,763
60,708
18,055
Part­
time
........................................................................................
6,004,730
2,556,492
3,448,238
5,085,285
1,677,087
3,408,198
919,445
879,405
40,040
Under
18
...................................................................................
260,106
65,048
195,058
236,276
41,834
194,442
23,830
23,214
616
18
and
19
.................................................................................
455,261
83,905
371,356
437,182
68,447
368,735
18,079
15,458
2,621
20
and
21
.................................................................................
553,160
143,484
409,676
520,311
115,386
404,925
32,849
28,098
4,751
22
to
24
....................................................................................
814,748
357,872
456,876
718,062
267,513
450,549
96,686
90,359
6,327
25
to
29
....................................................................................
1,078,900
560,355
518,545
886,473
376,067
510,406
192,427
184,288
8,139
30
to
34
....................................................................................
747,864
374,995
372,869
602,400
234,942
367,458
145,464
140,053
5,411
35
to
39
....................................................................................
630,956
291,895
339,061
512,557
177,547
335,010
118,399
114,348
4,051
40
to
49
....................................................................................
906,987
436,262
470,725
736,648
270,617
466,031
170,339
165,645
4,694
50
to
64
....................................................................................
364,055
157,079
206,976
304,381
98,665
205,716
59,674
58,414
1,260
65
and
over
..............................................................................
70,604
14,234
56,370
67,100
10,790
56,310
3,504
3,444
60
Age
unknown
............................................................................
122,089
71,363
50,726
63,895
15,279
48,616
58,194
56,084
2,110
Percentage
distribution
All
students
..................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...................................................................................
2.6
1.5
4.3
2.9
1.5
4.5
1.6
1.6
1.5
18
and
19
.................................................................................
21.5
21.8
21.0
21.7
22.4
20.9
21.0
20.9
22.6
20
and
21
.................................................................................
19.4
21.6
15.8
19.4
22.6
15.8
19.6
19.8
16.3
22
to
24
....................................................................................
15.8
17.6
12.9
16.3
19.5
12.8
14.1
14.0
15.0
25
to
29
....................................................................................
13.7
14.2
13.0
13.5
14.0
12.9
14.6
14.6
14.8
30
to
34
....................................................................................
7.8
7.3
8.6
7.7
6.8
8.7
8.3
8.3
8.4
35
to
39
....................................................................................
6.0
5.1
7.6
6.0
4.5
7.6
6.1
6.2
5.8
40
to
49
....................................................................................
8.1
6.8
10.0
8.1
6.1
10.2
8.0
8.2
5.9
50
to
64
....................................................................................
3.0
2.3
4.2
3.1
2.0
4.3
2.6
2.7
1.6
65
and
over
..............................................................................
0.5
0.2
1.1
0.6
0.2
1.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
Age
unknown
............................................................................
1.5
1.5
1.6
0.8
0.4
1.3
3.9
3.6
8.0
Full­
time
.........................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...................................................................................
1.4
1.2
2.2
1.5
1.1
2.3
1.3
1.2
1.5
18
and
19
.................................................................................
31.0
29.0
37.3
32.3
29.5
38.6
27.8
28.0
25.6
20
and
21
.................................................................................
26.4
27.8
22.2
26.8
28.7
22.7
25.3
26.1
17.2
22
to
24
....................................................................................
17.3
19.0
12.3
18.1
20.9
12.0
15.4
15.4
14.8
25
to
29
....................................................................................
10.9
11.3
9.6
10.3
10.8
9.1
12.3
12.2
13.8
30
to
34
....................................................................................
4.7
4.5
5.2
4.2
3.9
4.9
5.6
5.5
7.5
35
to
39
....................................................................................
2.9
2.6
3.9
2.6
2.1
3.8
3.7
3.6
4.9
40
to
49
....................................................................................
3.2
2.9
4.3
2.8
2.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.9
50
to
64
....................................................................................
0.9
0.8
1.2
0.8
0.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.4
65
and
over
..............................................................................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
Age
unknown
............................................................................
1.2
1.0
1.8
0.4
0.2
1.0
3.1
2.6
8.5
Part­
time
........................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under
18
...................................................................................
4.3
2.5
5.7
4.6
2.5
5.7
2.6
2.6
1.5
18
and
19
.................................................................................
7.6
3.3
10.8
8.6
4.1
10.8
2.0
1.8
6.5
20
and
21
.................................................................................
9.2
5.6
11.9
10.2
6.9
11.9
3.6
3.2
11.9
22
to
24
....................................................................................
13.6
14.0
13.2
14.1
16.0
13.2
10.5
10.3
15.8
25
to
29
....................................................................................
18.0
21.9
15.0
17.4
22.4
15.0
20.9
21.0
20.3
30
to
34
....................................................................................
12.5
14.7
10.8
11.8
14.0
10.8
15.8
15.9
13.5
35
to
39
....................................................................................
10.5
11.4
9.8
10.1
10.6
9.8
12.9
13.0
10.1
40
to
49
....................................................................................
15.1
17.1
13.7
14.5
16.1
13.7
18.5
18.8
11.7
50
to
64
....................................................................................
6.1
6.1
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.5
6.6
3.1
65
and
over
..............................................................................
1.2
0.6
1.6
1.3
0.6
1.7
0.4
0.4
0.1
Age
unknown
............................................................................
2.0
2.8
1.5
1.3
0.9
1.4
6.3
6.4
5.3
NOTE:
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
211
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
177.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment,
sex,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1999
Attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution
Total
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
..............................................
14,791,224
6,490,646
8,300,578
12,681,231
5,559,457
7,121,774
303,190
165,134
138,056
1,806,803
766,055
1,040,748
Full­
time
............................................
8,786,494
4,025,721
4,760,773
7,735,075
3,515,869
4,219,206
270,581
146,613
123,968
780,838
363,239
417,599
Part­
time
...........................................
6,004,730
2,464,925
3,539,805
4,946,156
2,043,588
2,902,568
32,609
18,521
14,088
1,025,965
402,816
623,149
Total
4­
year
......................................
9,198,525
4,103,297
5,095,228
7,088,696
3,172,167
3,916,529
303,190
165,134
138,056
1,806,639
765,996
1,040,643
Full­
time
........................................
6,642,033
3,056,957
3,585,076
5,590,616
2,547,106
3,043,510
270,581
146,613
123,968
780,836
363,238
417,598
Part­
time
.......................................
2,556,492
1,046,340
1,510,152
1,498,080
625,061
873,019
32,609
18,521
14,088
1,025,803
402,758
623,045
Total
2­
year
......................................
5,592,699
2,387,349
3,205,350
5,592,535
2,387,290
3,205,245
 
 
 
164
59
105
Full­
time
........................................
2,144,461
968,764
1,175,697
2,144,459
968,763
1,175,696
 
 
 
2
1
1
Part­
time
.......................................
3,448,238
1,418,585
2,029,653
3,448,076
1,418,527
2,029,549
 
 
 
162
58
104
Public,
total
...........................................
11,309,399
4,941,181
6,368,218
10,110,009
4,431,056
5,678,953
122,885
63,762
59,123
1,076,505
446,363
630,142
Full­
time
............................................
6,224,114
2,851,633
3,372,481
5,660,023
2,581,334
3,078,689
116,793
60,602
56,191
447,298
209,697
237,601
Part­
time
...........................................
5,085,285
2,089,548
2,995,737
4,449,986
1,849,722
2,600,264
6,092
3,160
2,932
629,207
236,666
392,541
Public
4­
year
....................................
5,969,950
2,669,629
3,300,321
4,770,724
2,159,563
2,611,161
122,885
63,762
59,123
1,076,341
446,304
630,037
Full­
time
........................................
4,292,863
1,983,766
2,309,097
3,728,774
1,713,468
2,015,306
116,793
60,602
56,191
447,296
209,696
237,600
Part­
time
.......................................
1,677,087
685,863
991,224
1,041,950
446,095
595,855
6,092
3,160
2,932
629,045
236,608
392,437
Public
2­
year
....................................
5,339,449
2,271,552
3,067,897
5,339,285
2,271,493
3,067,792
 
 
 
164
59
105
Full­
time
........................................
1,931,251
867,867
1,063,384
1,931,249
867,866
1,063,383
 
 
 
2
1
1
Part­
time
.......................................
3,408,198
1,403,685
2,004,513
3,408,036
1,403,627
2,004,409
 
 
 
162
58
104
Private,
total
..........................................
3,481,825
1,549,465
1,932,360
2,571,222
1,128,401
1,442,821
180,305
101,372
78,933
730,298
319,692
410,606
Full­
time
............................................
2,562,380
1,174,088
1,388,292
2,075,052
934,535
1,140,517
153,788
86,011
67,777
333,540
153,542
179,998
Part­
time
...........................................
919,445
375,377
544,068
496,170
193,866
302,304
26,517
15,361
11,156
396,758
166,150
230,608
Private
4­
year
...................................
3,228,575
1,433,668
1,794,907
2,317,972
1,012,604
1,305,368
180,305
101,372
78,933
730,298
319,692
410,606
Full­
time
........................................
2,349,170
1,073,191
1,275,979
1,861,842
833,638
1,028,204
153,788
86,011
67,777
333,540
153,542
179,998
Part­
time
.......................................
879,405
360,477
518,928
456,130
178,966
277,164
26,517
15,361
11,156
396,758
166,150
230,608
Private
2­
year
...................................
253,250
115,797
137,453
253,250
115,797
137,453
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
........................................
213,210
100,897
112,313
213,210
100,897
112,313
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
.......................................
40,040
14,900
25,140
40,040
14,900
25,140
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not­
for­
profit,
total
............................
3,051,626
1,334,077
1,717,549
2,182,744
932,126
1,250,618
179,139
100,681
78,458
689,743
301,270
388,473
Full­
time
........................................
2,207,401
993,816
1,213,585
1,752,165
768,883
983,282
153,166
85,655
67,511
302,070
139,278
162,792
Part­
time
.......................................
844,225
340,261
503,964
430,579
163,243
267,336
25,973
15,026
10,947
387,673
161,992
225,681
Not­
for­
profit
4­
year
......................
2,989,285
1,307,723
1,681,562
2,120,403
905,772
1,214,631
179,139
100,681
78,458
689,743
301,270
388,473
Full­
time
....................................
2,160,126
972,280
1,187,846
1,704,890
747,347
957,543
153,166
85,655
67,511
302,070
139,278
162,792
Part­
time
....................................
829,159
335,443
493,716
415,513
158,425
257,088
25,973
15,026
10,947
387,673
161,992
225,681
Not­
for­
profit
2­
year
......................
62,341
26,354
35,987
62,341
26,354
35,987
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
....................................
47,275
21,536
25,739
47,275
21,536
25,739
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
....................................
15,066
4,818
10,248
15,066
4,818
10,248
 
 
 
 
 
 
For­
profit,
total
..................................
430,199
215,388
214,811
388,478
196,275
192,203
1,166
691
475
40,555
18,422
22,133
Full­
time
........................................
354,979
180,272
174,707
322,887
165,652
157,235
622
356
266
31,470
14,264
17,206
Part­
time
.......................................
75,220
35,116
40,104
65,591
30,623
34,968
544
335
209
9,085
4,158
4,927
For­
profit
4­
year
............................
239,290
125,945
113,345
197,569
106,832
90,737
1,166
691
475
40,555
18,422
22,133
Full­
time
....................................
189,044
100,911
88,133
156,952
86,291
70,661
622
356
266
31,470
14,264
17,206
Part­
time
....................................
50,246
25,034
25,212
40,617
20,541
20,076
544
335
209
9,085
4,158
4,927
For­
profit
2­
year
............................
190,909
89,443
101,466
190,909
89,443
101,466
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
....................................
165,935
79,361
86,574
165,935
79,361
86,574
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
....................................
24,974
10,082
14,892
24,974
10,082
14,892
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
212
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
178.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment,
sex,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1998
Attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution
Total
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
..............................................
14,506,967
6,369,265
8,137,702
12,436,937
5,446,133
6,990,804
302,473
168,846
133,627
1,767,557
754,286
1,013,271
Full­
time
............................................
8,563,338
3,933,653
4,629,685
7,538,711
3,428,161
4,110,550
271,049
150,361
120,688
753,578
355,131
398,447
Part­
time
...........................................
5,943,629
2,435,612
3,508,017
4,898,226
2,017,972
2,880,254
31,424
18,485
12,939
1,013,979
399,155
614,824
Total
4­
year
......................................
9,017,653
4,035,931
4,981,722
6,947,623
3,112,799
3,834,824
302,473
168,846
133,627
1,767,557
754,286
1,013,271
Full­
time
........................................
6,477,432
2,997,232
3,480,200
5,452,805
2,491,740
2,961,065
271,049
150,361
120,688
753,578
355,131
398,447
Part­
time
.......................................
2,540,221
1,038,699
1,501,522
1,494,818
621,059
873,759
31,424
18,485
12,939
1,013,979
399,155
614,824
Total
2­
year
......................................
5,489,314
2,333,334
3,155,980
5,489,314
2,333,334
3,155,980
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
........................................
2,085,906
936,421
1,149,485
2,085,906
936,421
1,149,485
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
.......................................
3,403,408
1,396,913
2,006,495
3,403,408
1,396,913
2,006,495
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public,
total
...........................................
11,137,769
4,868,698
6,269,071
9,950,212
4,360,935
5,589,277
120,698
63,800
56,898
1,066,859
443,963
622,896
Full­
time
............................................
6,100,816
2,800,633
3,300,183
5,547,082
2,532,489
3,014,593
115,210
60,913
54,297
438,524
207,231
231,293
Part­
time
...........................................
5,036,953
2,068,065
2,968,888
4,403,130
1,828,446
2,574,684
5,488
2,887
2,601
628,335
236,732
391,603
Public
4­
year
....................................
5,891,806
2,644,403
3,247,403
4,704,249
2,136,640
2,567,609
120,698
63,800
56,898
1,066,859
443,963
622,896
Full­
time
........................................
4,218,990
1,959,198
2,259,792
3,665,256
1,691,054
1,974,202
115,210
60,913
54,297
438,524
207,231
231,293
Part­
time
.......................................
1,672,816
685,205
987,611
1,038,993
445,586
593,407
5,488
2,887
2,601
628,335
236,732
391,603
Public
2­
year
....................................
5,245,963
2,224,295
3,021,668
5,245,963
2,224,295
3,021,668
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
........................................
1,881,826
841,435
1,040,391
1,881,826
841,435
1,040,391
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
.......................................
3,364,137
1,382,860
1,981,277
3,364,137
1,382,860
1,981,277
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private,
total
..........................................
3,369,198
1,500,567
1,868,631
2,486,725
1,085,198
1,401,527
181,775
105,046
76,729
700,698
310,323
390,375
Full­
time
............................................
2,462,522
1,133,020
1,329,502
1,991,629
895,672
1,095,957
155,839
89,448
66,391
315,054
147,900
167,154
Part­
time
...........................................
906,676
367,547
539,129
495,096
189,526
305,570
25,936
15,598
10,338
385,644
162,423
223,221
Private
4­
year
...................................
3,125,847
1,391,528
1,734,319
2,243,374
976,159
1,267,215
181,775
105,046
76,729
700,698
310,323
390,375
Full­
time
........................................
2,258,442
1,038,034
1,220,408
1,787,549
800,686
986,863
155,839
89,448
66,391
315,054
147,900
167,154
Part­
time
.......................................
867,405
353,494
513,911
455,825
175,473
280,352
25,936
15,598
10,338
385,644
162,423
223,221
Private
2­
year
...................................
243,351
109,039
134,312
243,351
109,039
134,312
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
........................................
204,080
94,986
109,094
204,080
94,986
109,094
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
.......................................
39,271
14,053
25,218
39,271
14,053
25,218
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not­
for­
profit,
total
............................
3,004,925
1,318,740
1,686,185
2,152,655
918,393
1,234,262
180,482
104,275
76,207
671,788
296,072
375,716
Full­
time
........................................
2,162,158
980,596
1,181,562
1,715,156
754,944
960,212
155,275
89,118
66,157
291,727
136,534
155,193
Part­
time
.......................................
842,767
338,144
504,623
437,499
163,449
274,050
25,207
15,157
10,050
380,061
159,538
220,523
Not­
for­
profit
4­
year
......................
2,939,055
1,290,788
1,648,267
2,086,785
890,441
1,196,344
180,482
104,275
76,207
671,788
296,072
375,716
Full­
time
....................................
2,111,274
957,212
1,154,062
1,664,272
731,560
932,712
155,275
89,118
66,157
291,727
136,534
155,193
Part­
time
....................................
827,781
333,576
494,205
422,513
158,881
263,632
25,207
15,157
10,050
380,061
159,538
220,523
Not­
for­
profit
2­
year
......................
65,870
27,952
37,918
65,870
27,952
37,918
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
....................................
50,884
23,384
27,500
50,884
23,384
27,500
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
....................................
14,986
4,568
10,418
14,986
4,568
10,418
 
 
 
 
 
 
For­
profit,
total
..................................
364,273
181,827
182,446
334,070
166,805
167,265
1,293
771
522
28,910
14,251
14,659
Full­
time
........................................
300,364
152,424
147,940
276,473
140,728
135,745
564
330
234
23,327
11,366
11,961
Part­
time
.......................................
63,909
29,403
34,506
57,597
26,077
31,520
729
441
288
5,583
2,885
2,698
For­
profit
4­
year
............................
186,792
100,740
86,052
156,589
85,718
70,871
1,293
771
522
28,910
14,251
14,659
Full­
time
....................................
147,168
80,822
66,346
123,277
69,126
54,151
564
330
234
23,327
11,366
11,961
Part­
time
....................................
39,624
19,918
19,706
33,312
16,592
16,720
729
441
288
5,583
2,885
2,698
For­
profit
2­
year
............................
177,481
81,087
96,394
177,481
81,087
96,394
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full­
time
....................................
153,196
71,602
81,594
153,196
71,602
81,594
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part­
time
....................................
24,285
9,485
14,800
24,285
9,485
14,800
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
213
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
179.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
attendance
status,
and
sex
of
student:
1970
to
1999
Type
and
control
of
institution,
sex
and
attendance
status
of
student
Institutions
of
higher
education
Degree­
granting
institutions
1970
1975
1980
1
1985
1990
1995
1996
1997
1996
1997
1998
2
1999
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
....................
8,580,887
11,184,859
12,096,895
12,247,055
13,818,637
14,261,781
14,300,255
14,345,416
14,367,520
14,502,334
14,506,967
14,791,224
Full­
time
..................
5,816,290
6,841,334
7,097,958
7,075,221
7,820,985
8,128,802
8,213,490
8,322,362
8,302,953
8,438,062
8,563,338
8,786,494
Men
....................
3,504,095
3,926,753
3,689,244
3,607,720
3,807,752
3,807,392
3,815,519
3,839,015
3,851,208
3,890,442
3,933,653
4,025,721
Women
...............
2,312,195
2,914,581
3,408,714
3,467,501
4,013,233
4,321,410
4,397,971
4,483,347
4,451,745
4,547,620
4,629,685
4,760,773
Part­
time
..................
2,764,597
4,343,525
4,998,937
5,171,834
5,997,652
6,132,979
6,086,765
6,023,054
6,064,567
6,064,272
5,943,629
6,004,730
Men
....................
1,539,547
2,222,244
2,185,130
2,210,730
2,476,157
2,535,147
2,528,473
2,490,945
2,501,617
2,505,586
2,435,612
2,464,925
Women
...............
1,225,050
2,121,281
2,813,807
2,961,104
3,521,495
3,597,832
3,558,292
3,532,109
3,562,950
3,558,686
3,508,017
3,539,805
4­
year,
total
.............
6,261,502
7,214,740
7,570,608
7,715,978
8,578,554
8,769,252
8,802,835
8,874,676
8,804,193
8,896,765
9,017,653
9,198,525
Full­
time
..............
4,587,379
5,080,256
5,344,163
5,384,614
5,937,023
6,151,755
6,226,868
6,326,650
6,230,648
6,342,891
6,477,432
6,642,033
Men
.................
2,732,796
2,891,192
2,809,528
2,781,412
2,926,360
2,929,177
2,933,912
2,950,083
2,934,736
2,959,048
2,997,232
3,056,957
Women
...........
1,854,583
2,189,064
2,534,635
2,603,202
3,010,663
3,222,578
3,292,956
3,376,567
3,295,912
3,383,843
3,480,200
3,585,076
Part­
time
.............
1,674,123
2,134,484
2,226,445
2,331,364
2,641,531
2,617,497
2,575,967
2,548,026
2,573,545
2,553,874
2,540,221
2,556,492
Men
.................
936,189
1,092,461
1,017,813
1,034,804
1,124,780
1,084,753
1,061,989
1,044,133
1,059,175
1,047,269
1,038,699
1,046,340
Women
...........
737,934
1,042,023
1,208,632
1,296,560
1,516,751
1,532,744
1,513,978
1,503,893
1,514,370
1,506,605
1,501,522
1,510,152
Public
4­
year
......
4,232,722
4,998,142
5,128,612
5,209,540
5,848,242
5,814,545
5,806,904
5,834,525
5,806,036
5,835,433
5,891,806
5,969,950
Full­
time
..........
3,086,491
3,469,821
3,592,193
3,623,341
4,033,654
4,084,711
4,106,094
4,164,180
4,106,453
4,164,759
4,218,990
4,292,863
Men
.............
1,813,584
1,947,823
1,873,397
1,863,689
1,982,369
1,951,140
1,943,086
1,950,899
1,943,259
1,951,171
1,959,198
1,983,766
Women
........
1,272,907
1,521,998
1,718,796
1,759,652
2,051,285
2,133,571
2,163,008
2,213,281
2,163,194
2,213,588
2,259,792
2,309,097
Part­
time
.........
1,146,231
1,528,321
1,536,419
1,586,199
1,814,588
1,729,834
1,700,810
1,670,345
1,699,583
1,670,674
1,672,816
1,677,087
Men
.............
609,422
760,469
685,051
693,115
764,248
720,402
703,691
686,876
703,078
686,997
685,205
685,863
Women
........
536,809
767,852
851,368
893,084
1,050,340
1,009,432
997,119
983,469
996,505
983,677
987,611
991,224
Private
4­
year
.....
2,028,780
2,216,598
2,441,996
2,506,438
2,730,312
2,954,707
2,995,931
3,040,151
2,998,157
3,061,332
3,125,847
3,228,575
Full­
time
..........
1,500,888
1,610,435
1,751,970
1,761,273
1,903,369
2,067,044
2,120,774
2,162,470
2,124,195
2,178,132
2,258,442
2,349,170
Men
.............
919,212
943,369
936,131
917,723
943,991
978,037
990,826
999,184
991,477
1,007,877
1,038,034
1,073,191
Women
........
581,676
667,066
815,839
843,550
959,378
1,089,007
1,129,948
1,163,286
1,132,718
1,170,255
1,220,408
1,275,979
Part­
time
.........
527,892
606,163
690,026
745,165
826,943
887,663
875,157
877,681
873,962
883,200
867,405
879,405
Men
.............
326,767
331,992
332,762
341,689
360,532
364,351
358,298
357,257
356,097
360,272
353,494
360,477
Women
........
201,125
274,171
357,264
403,476
466,411
523,312
516,859
520,424
517,865
522,928
513,911
518,928
Not­
for­
profit
4­
year
..........
 
 
2,413,693
2,463,000
2,671,069
2,853,890
2,871,693
2,897,816
2,867,181
2,905,820
2,939,055
2,989,285
Full­
time
......
 
 
1,733,014
1,727,707
1,859,124
1,989,457
2,024,856
2,051,308
2,021,570
2,056,019
2,111,274
2,160,126
Men
..........
 
 
921,253
894,080
915,100
931,956
937,078
937,353
934,474
939,532
957,212
972,280
Women
....
 
 
811,761
833,627
944,024
1,057,501
1,087,778
1,113,955
1,087,096
1,116,487
1,154,062
1,187,846
Part­
time
......
 
 
680,679
735,293
811,945
864,433
846,837
846,508
845,611
849,801
827,781
829,159
Men
..........
 
 
327,986
336,168
352,106
351,874
342,826
341,575
341,460
343,344
333,576
335,443
Women
....
 
 
352,693
399,125
459,839
512,559
504,011
504,933
504,151
506,457
494,205
493,716
2­
year,
total
.............
2,319,385
3,970,119
4,526,287
4,531,077
5,240,083
5,492,529
5,497,420
5,470,740
5,563,327
5,605,569
5,489,314
5,592,699
Full­
time
..............
1,228,911
1,761,078
1,753,795
1,690,607
1,883,962
1,977,047
1,986,622
1,995,712
2,072,305
2,095,171
2,085,906
2,144,461
Men
.................
771,299
1,035,561
879,716
826,308
881,392
878,215
881,607
888,932
916,472
931,394
936,421
968,764
Women
...........
457,612
725,517
874,079
864,299
1,002,570
1,098,832
1,105,015
1,106,780
1,155,833
1,163,777
1,149,485
1,175,697
Part­
time
.............
1,090,474
2,209,041
2,772,492
2,840,470
3,356,121
3,515,482
3,510,798
3,475,028
3,491,022
3,510,398
3,403,408
3,448,238
Men
.................
603,358
1,129,783
1,167,317
1,175,926
1,351,377
1,450,394
1,466,484
1,446,812
1,442,442
1,458,317
1,396,913
1,418,585
Women
...........
487,116
1,079,258
1,605,175
1,664,544
2,004,744
2,065,088
2,044,314
2,028,216
2,048,580
2,052,081
2,006,495
2,029,653
Public
2­
year
......
2,195,412
3,836,366
4,328,782
4,269,733
4,996,475
5,277,829
5,283,267
5,311,630
5,314,463
5,360,686
5,245,963
5,339,449
Full­
time
..........
1,129,165
1,662,621
1,595,493
1,496,905
1,716,843
1,840,590
1,858,080
1,871,120
1,872,014
1,891,027
1,881,826
1,931,251
Men
.............
720,440
988,701
811,871
742,673
810,664
818,605
824,832
831,754
832,839
842,082
841,435
867,867
Women
........
408,725
673,920
783,622
754,232
906,179
1,021,985
1,033,248
1,039,366
1,039,175
1,048,945
1,040,391
1,063,384
Part­
time
.........
1,066,247
2,173,745
2,733,289
2,772,828
3,279,632
3,437,239
3,425,187
3,440,510
3,442,449
3,469,659
3,364,137
3,408,198
Men
.............
589,439
1,107,680
1,152,268
1,138,011
1,317,730
1,417,488
1,415,928
1,430,701
1,423,277
1,443,937
1,382,860
1,403,685
Women
........
476,808
1,066,065
1,581,021
1,634,817
1,961,902
2,019,751
2,009,259
2,009,809
2,019,172
2,025,722
1,981,277
2,004,513
Private
2­
year
.....
123,973
133,753
197,505
261,344
243,608
214,700
214,153
159,110
248,864
244,883
243,351
253,250
Full­
time
..........
99,746
98,457
158,302
193,702
167,119
136,457
128,542
124,592
200,291
204,144
204,080
213,210
Men
.............
50,859
46,860
67,845
83,635
70,728
59,610
56,775
57,178
83,633
89,312
94,986
100,897
Women
........
48,887
51,597
90,457
110,067
96,391
76,847
71,767
67,414
116,658
114,832
109,094
112,313
Part­
time
.........
24,227
35,296
39,203
67,642
76,489
78,243
85,611
34,518
48,573
40,739
39,271
40,040
Men
.............
13,919
22,103
15,049
37,915
33,647
32,906
50,556
16,111
19,165
14,380
14,053
14,900
Women
........
10,308
13,193
24,154
29,727
42,842
45,337
35,055
18,407
29,408
26,359
25,218
25,140
Not­
for­
profit
2­
year
..........
 
 
114,094
108,791
89,158
75,154
68,864
63,898
75,375
71,794
65,870
62,341
Full­
time
......
 
 
83,009
76,547
62,003
54,033
50,202
48,893
56,434
55,153
50,884
47,275
Men
..........
 
 
34,968
30,878
25,946
23,265
21,386
21,615
24,064
24,367
23,384
21,536
Women
....
 
 
48,041
45,669
36,057
30,768
28,816
27,278
32,370
30,786
27,500
25,739
Part­
time
......
 
 
31,085
32,244
27,155
21,121
18,662
15,005
18,941
16,641
14,986
15,066
Men
..........
 
 
11,445
10,786
7,970
6,080
5,227
4,683
5,337
5,175
4,568
4,818
Women
....
 
 
19,640
21,458
19,185
15,041
13,435
10,322
13,604
11,466
10,418
10,248
 
Not
available.
1
Large
increase
in
private
2­
year
institutions
in
1980
is
due
to
the
addition
of
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology
2
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
3
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

NOTE:
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
Department
of
Education
no
longer
distinguishes
between
those
institutions
and
other
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
programs.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
Systems
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
214
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
180.
 
Fall
enrollment
and
number
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
affiliation
of
institution:
1980
to
1999
Affiliation
1
Enrollment
in
institutions
of
higher
education
2
Enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions
3
Number
of
higher
education
institutions
4
Number
of
degree­
granting
institutions
4
Total,

fall
1980
Total,

fall
1990
Total,

fall
1995
Total,

fall
1996
Total,
fall
1998
5
Fall
1999
Fall
1980
Fall
1990
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
All
institutions
.............................................................................
12,096,895
13,818,637
14,261,781
14,300,255
14,506,967
14,791,224
4,025,721
4,760,773
2,464,925
3,539,805
3,226
3,501
3,913
3,958
Public
institutions
..............................................................................
9,457,394
10,844,717
11,092,374
11,090,171
11,137,769
11,309,399
2,851,633
3,372,481
2,089,548
2,995,737
1,493
1,548
1,644
1,646
Federal
.........................................................................................
50,989
50,669
90,046
83,230
17,122
16,218
12,309
3,148
259
502
12
17
11
9
State
.............................................................................................
(
6)
7,181,380
7,842,782
7,905,241
8,100,171
8,302,641
2,363,382
2,788,025
1,291,175
1,860,059
(
6)
978
1,176
1,191
Local
............................................................................................
(
6)
3,508,941
3,023,723
2,980,820
2,887,670
2,847,100
441,741
539,635
772,063
1,093,661
(
6)
523
414
397
Other
public
.................................................................................
9,406,405
103,727
135,823
120,880
132,806
143,440
34,201
41,673
26,051
41,515
1,481
30
43
49
Private
institutions
............................................................................
2,639,501
2,973,920
3,169,407
3,210,084
3,369,198
3,481,825
1,174,088
1,388,292
375,377
544,068
1,733
1,953
2,269
2,312
Independent
not­
for­
profit
............................................................
1,521,614
1,474,818
1,511,151
1,515,330
1,520,918
1,550,568
529,035
596,316
181,093
244,124
795
709
721
725
For­
profit
......................................................................................
111,714
213,693
240,363
269,527
364,273
430,199
180,272
174,707
35,116
40,104
164
322
629
674
Religiously
affiliated
.....................................................................
1,006,173
1,285,409
1,417,893
1,425,227
1,484,007
1,501,058
464,781
617,269
159,168
259,840
774
922
919
913
Advent
Christian
Church
..........................................................
143
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
African
Methodist
Episcopal
Zion
Church
................................
1,091
88
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
1
 
 
African
Methodist
Episcopal
.....................................................
4,541
3,220
3,503
5,180
5,783
5,942
2,526
3,165
111
140
6
5
7
7
American
Baptist
......................................................................
6,131
10,800
11,394
11,532
12,871
12,146
3,208
4,464
1,350
3,124
11
15
13
13
American
Evangelical
Lutheran
Church
..................................
 
 
779
822
4,826
788
357
268
82
81
 
 
2
1
American
Lutheran
and
Lutheran
Church
in
America
.............
3,092
 
1,304
1,234
1,512
1,547
621
632
120
174
3
 
1
1
American
Lutheran
...................................................................
21,608
 
10,459
10,153
9,750
9,971
4,087
4,678
357
849
13
 
8
8
Assemblies
of
God
Church
......................................................
7,814
8,307
9,652
9,860
10,321
10,687
4,230
5,055
667
735
10
11
12
12
Baptist
......................................................................................
38,231
99,510
105,802
105,251
106,456
106,123
36,854
48,322
8,941
12,006
33
69
66
66
Brethren
Church
.......................................................................
3,925
958
1,456
1,414
1,793
1,855
807
784
159
105
3
3
3
3
Brethren
in
Christ
Church
........................................................
1,301
2,239
2,416
2,517
2,697
2,735
1,035
1,630
14
56
1
1
1
1
Christian
and
Missionary
Alliance
Church
...............................
1,705
2,519
3,723
3,953
4,608
4,758
1,675
2,319
323
441
3
4
4
4
Christian
Church
(
Disciples
of
Christ)
......................................
14,913
30,397
33,029
33,492
35,638
35,377
9,016
12,922
4,934
8,505
12
18
17
17
Christian
Churches
and
Churches
of
Christ
............................
1,342
2,263
3,494
4,616
4,820
4,977
2,016
1,987
599
375
7
8
13
13
Christian
Methodist
Episcopal
..................................................
2,486
2,174
2,598
1,881
1,390
1,453
577
746
45
85
4
4
1
1
Christian
Reformed
Church
.....................................................
5,408
4,488
4,205
4,308
4,394
4,534
1,951
2,275
151
157
3
2
2
2
Church
of
Christ
(
Scientist)
......................................................
2,773
2,557
4,320
4,407
4,651
4,708
1,859
2,095
436
318
6
8
5
5
Church
of
God
of
Prophecy
.....................................................
 
249
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
Church
of
God
..........................................................................
6,082
5,627
4,410
6,913
7,761
7,824
2,893
3,855
536
540
9
9
7
6
Church
of
New
Jerusalem
.......................................................
170
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
Church
of
the
Brethren
............................................................
8,482
4,463
2,812
2,856
2,847
2,933
1,089
1,595
89
160
6
5
3
3
Church
of
the
Nazarene
...........................................................
11,716
10,779
14,466
14,502
15,863
16,472
5,653
7,474
1,216
2,129
10
9
12
12
Churches
of
Christ
...................................................................
9,343
14,611
22,807
23,035
24,455
25,171
8,391
10,028
3,168
3,584
9
19
16
16
Cumberland
Presbyterian
........................................................
594
746
799
823
966
1,039
446
354
122
117
2
2
2
2
Evangelical
Congregational
Church
.........................................
80
88
65
95
138
158
11
3
106
38
1
1
1
1
Evangelical
Covenant
Church
of
America
...............................
1,401
1,035
1,745
1,815
2,154
2,198
572
815
259
552
1
1
1
1
Evangelical
Free
Church
of
America
.......................................
833
2,355
3,778
3,937
3,985
4,301
1,661
1,322
851
467
1
2
3
3
Evangelical
Lutheran
Church
...................................................
743
49,210
39,089
38,666
39,657
39,687
14,470
20,028
1,909
3,280
3
33
26
27
Free
Methodist
.........................................................................
5,543
5,902
8,696
8,713
9,123
9,281
3,011
4,813
507
950
5
3
5
5
Free
Will
Baptist
Church
..........................................................
1,132
1,177
1,467
1,681
2,022
2,254
874
966
217
197
4
3
3
3
Friends
United
Meeting
............................................................
1,109
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
Friends
.....................................................................................
5,157
5,844
6,600
9,711
10,165
11,216
4,059
5,335
760
1,062
5
6
6
7
General
Conference
Mennonite
Church
..................................
820
1,243
1,046
1,095
1,000
1,015
330
497
131
57
2
2
1
1
Greek
Orthodox
........................................................................
204
148
168
179
146
146
118
24
3
1
1
1
1
1
Interdenominational
..................................................................
1,254
11,103
5,571
5,510
4,275
5,314
1,998
2,008
834
474
4
17
5
8
Jewish
......................................................................................
5,738
12,217
11,481
12,273
13,362
14,122
11,617
1,010
829
666
24
63
63
63
Latter­
Day
Saints
.....................................................................
39,172
42,274
40,086
42,371
43,916
44,425
17,785
21,418
2,629
2,593
4
4
4
4
Lutheran
Church
 
Missouri
Synod
..........................................
11,727
13,827
11,315
12,145
13,162
13,203
4,275
5,748
1,182
1,998
15
14
9
9
Lutheran
Church
in
America
....................................................
23,877
5,796
4,321
4,291
4,374
4,493
1,679
2,336
131
347
20
5
3
3
Mennonite
Brethren
Church
.....................................................
1,344
1,864
2,269
2,225
2,379
2,359
539
791
359
670
3
3
3
3
215
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
180.
 
Fall
enrollment
and
number
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
affiliation
of
institution:
1980
to
1999
 
Continued
Affiliation
1
Enrollment
in
institutions
of
higher
education
2
Enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions
3
Number
of
higher
education
institutions
4
Number
of
degree­
granting
institutions
4
Total,

fall
1980
Total,

fall
1990
Total,

fall
1995
Total,

fall
1996
Total,
fall
1998
5
Fall
1999
Fall
1980
Fall
1990
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Mennonite
Church
....................................................................
4,008
2,859
3,502
3,427
3,481
3,501
1,329
1,666
187
319
6
5
5
5
Missionary
Church
Inc.
............................................................
487
699
1,352
1,467
1,627
1,640
426
719
155
340
1
1
1
1
Moravian
Church
......................................................................
2,434
2,511
2,804
2,861
2,847
2,880
589
1,422
225
644
2
2
2
2
Multiple
Protestant
denominations
...........................................
5,526
211
164
7,580
7,897
8,025
2,083
3,418
1,318
1,206
8
1
9
9
North
American
Baptist
............................................................
155
 
186
179
128
132
52
37
15
28
1
 
1
1
Pentecostal
Holiness
Church
...................................................
767
566
1,002
1,237
1,728
1,681
644
654
181
202
3
3
4
4
Presbyterian
U.
S.
and
United
Presbyterian
.............................
47,144
77,700
70,357
71,034
72,677
74,008
27,889
36,316
3,633
6,170
57
70
60
60
Presbyterian
Church
in
America
..............................................
 
1,877
3,809
2,183
2,200
2,299
920
858
378
143
 
1
2
2
Protestant
Episcopal
................................................................
5,396
4,559
4,603
4,593
5,530
5,562
2,197
2,785
271
309
12
9
12
12
Protestant,
other
.......................................................................
4,072
38,136
60,386
54,427
55,058
55,579
17,486
24,526
5,188
8,379
11
44
60
59
Reformed
Church
in
America
..................................................
2,713
5,525
5,582
5,327
5,482
5,631
2,195
3,117
144
175
4
4
4
4
Reformed
Episcopal
Church
....................................................
67
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
Reformed
Presbyterian
Church
...............................................
2,014
1,556
1,771
1,819
2,065
2,209
845
999
178
187
4
2
2
2
Reorganized
Latter­
Day
Saints
Church
...................................
4,274
4,793
11,063
11,746
12,758
11,814
879
1,195
4,300
5,440
2
1
2
2
Roman
Catholic
........................................................................
422,842
530,585
594,464
594,537
618,014
630,365
164,843
240,198
79,073
146,251
229
239
242
240
Russian
Orthodox
....................................................................
47
38
32
36
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
1
 
 
Seventh­
Day
Adventists
...........................................................
19,168
15,771
17,519
17,744
18,530
18,779
6,663
8,221
1,457
2,438
11
11
12
12
Southern
Baptist
.......................................................................
85,281
49,493
46,042
47,704
51,026
51,113
14,740
16,945
8,934
10,494
54
29
30
29
Nondenominational
..................................................................
 
6,758
18,729
15,166
16,597
20,101
5,843
7,307
3,569
3,382
 
14
13
15
Unitarian
Universalist
...............................................................
87
82
126
131
157
135
42
78
2
13
2
2
2
2
United
Brethren
Church
...........................................................
545
601
721
740
897
904
302
491
69
42
1
1
1
1
United
Church
of
Christ
...........................................................
14,169
20,175
24,013
22,612
23,313
24,136
6,760
10,146
2,288
4,942
16
18
20
19
United
Methodist
......................................................................
127,099
148,851
148,091
148,926
151,591
152,960
51,254
67,926
13,007
20,773
91
96
91
90
Wesleyan
Church
.....................................................................
3,583
5,311
7,734
8,336
9,033
9,806
3,514
5,501
302
489
5
4
3
3
Wisconsin
Evangelical
Lutheran
Synod
...................................
808
931
1,165
1,218
1,365
1,463
667
756
17
23
1
3
2
2
Other
religiously
affiliated
.........................................................
462
5,743
11,551
6,741
6,746
1,123
329
226
150
418
1
9
10
5
 
Not
available.

1
Religious
affiliation
as
reported
by
institution.

2
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary.

3
Data
are
for
4
 
year
and
2
 
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs

4
Because
data
are
derived
from
the
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey,
counts
of
institutions
may
differ
from
counts
in
other
tables.

5
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

6
Included
under
``
Other
public.''
NOTE:
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
directly
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
Department
of
Education
no
longer
distinguishes
between
those
institutions
and
other
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
programs.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.

(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
and
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys;

and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
and
``
Institutional
Characteristics''

surveys
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
216
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
181.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution,
attendance
status,
sex,
and
level
of
student:
1997
to
1999
Level
of
student
and
enrollment
status
Total,
fall
1997
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Public
4­
year
Private
4­
year
Public
2­
year
Private
2­
year
Total
Public
4­
year
Private
4­
year
Public
2­
year
Private
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
All
students
.....................................................
14,502,334
14,506,967
5,891,806
3,125,847
5,245,963
243,351
14,791,224
5,969,950
3,228,575
5,339,449
253,250
Undergraduate,
full­
time
and
part­
time
..........................................................
12,450,587
12,436,937
4,704,249
2,243,374
5,245,963
243,351
12,681,231
4,770,724
2,317,972
5,339,285
253,250
Degree
seeking
...............................................
10,608,340
10,619,460
4,489,317
2,141,626
3,762,055
226,462
10,967,780
4,552,383
2,210,804
3,968,983
235,610
Men
..............................................................
4,669,187
4,661,497
2,043,825
935,499
1,579,617
102,556
4,823,390
2,064,332
969,536
1,679,919
109,603
Women
........................................................
5,939,153
5,957,963
2,445,492
1,206,127
2,182,438
123,906
6,144,390
2,488,051
1,241,268
2,289,064
126,007
First­
time
freshmen
......................................
2,219,255
2,212,593
792,772
460,948
858,417
100,456
2,351,932
818,957
473,562
952,319
107,094
Men
..........................................................
1,026,058
1,022,656
361,434
210,660
402,383
48,179
1,091,802
374,310
217,617
446,751
53,124
Women
.....................................................
1,193,197
1,189,937
431,338
250,288
456,034
52,277
1,260,130
444,647
255,945
505,568
53,970
Other
first­
year
.............................................
2,248,654
2,218,206
486,687
214,065
1,468,954
48,500
2,421,214
489,867
232,181
1,649,920
49,246
Men
..........................................................
973,117
958,981
228,798
94,818
615,010
20,355
1,050,187
229,776
103,479
696,454
20,478
Women
.....................................................
1,275,537
1,259,225
257,889
119,247
853,944
28,145
1,371,027
260,091
128,702
953,466
28,768
Second
year
................................................
2,867,544
2,888,929
902,288
474,451
1,434,684
77,506
2,854,278
918,526
491,216
1,365,266
79,270
Men
..........................................................
1,206,394
1,215,213
410,711
208,256
562,224
34,022
1,204,473
416,274
216,031
536,167
36,001
Women
.....................................................
1,661,150
1,673,716
491,577
266,195
872,460
43,484
1,649,805
502,252
275,185
829,099
43,269
Third
year
....................................................
1,415,095
1,437,996
995,784
442,212
0
0
1,460,326
1,001,567
457,958
801
0
Men
..........................................................
627,693
634,453
445,561
188,892
0
0
643,706
446,230
197,178
298
0
Women
.....................................................
787,402
803,543
550,223
253,320
0
0
816,620
555,337
260,780
503
0
Fourth
year
and
beyond
..............................
1,736,704
1,758,440
1,270,051
488,389
0
0
1,782,764
1,284,146
497,998
620
0
Men
..........................................................
785,916
787,827
579,436
208,391
0
0
793,179
580,607
212,342
230
0
Women
.....................................................
950,788
970,613
690,615
279,998
0
0
989,585
703,539
285,656
390
0
Unclassified
by
level
....................................
121,088
103,296
41,735
61,561
0
0
97,266
39,320
57,889
57
0
Men
..........................................................
50,009
42,367
17,885
24,482
0
0
40,043
17,135
22,889
19
0
Women
.....................................................
71,079
60,929
23,850
37,079
0
0
57,223
22,185
35,000
38
0
Others
in
credit
courses
..................................
1,842,247
1,817,477
214,932
101,748
1,483,908
16,889
1,713,451
218,341
107,168
1,370,302
17,640
Men
..............................................................
799,345
784,636
92,815
40,660
644,678
6,483
736,067
95,231
43,068
591,574
6,194
Women
........................................................
1,042,902
1,032,841
122,117
61,088
839,230
10,406
977,384
123,110
64,100
778,728
11,446
Full­
time
...........................................................
7,418,598
7,538,711
3,665,256
1,787,549
1,881,826
204,080
7,735,075
3,728,774
1,861,842
1,931,249
213,210
Degree
seeking
...........................................
7,104,341
7,219,616
3,632,346
1,772,334
1,622,280
192,656
7,415,415
3,693,914
1,843,046
1,677,196
201,259
First­
time
freshmen
..................................
1,733,512
1,775,412
746,461
436,343
500,634
91,974
1,845,407
772,260
446,035
529,655
97,457
Other
first­
year
.........................................
1,135,024
1,130,520
370,316
147,022
575,952
37,230
1,197,491
375,118
163,858
619,407
39,108
Second
year
.............................................
1,762,010
1,792,907
768,433
415,328
545,694
63,452
1,807,686
784,269
430,905
527,818
64,694
Third
year
.................................................
1,156,482
1,181,817
808,983
372,834
0
0
1,204,771
815,587
388,965
219
0
Fourth
year
and
beyond
..........................
1,288,809
1,309,918
929,482
380,436
0
0
1,332,644
939,012
393,535
97
0
Unclassified
by
level
................................
28,504
29,042
8,671
20,371
0
0
27,416
7,668
19,748
0
0
Others
in
credit
courses
..............................
314,257
319,095
32,910
15,215
259,546
11,424
319,660
34,860
18,796
254,053
11,951
Part­
time
..........................................................
5,031,989
4,898,226
1,038,993
455,825
3,364,137
39,271
4,946,156
1,041,950
456,130
3,408,036
40,040
Degree
seeking
...........................................
3,503,999
3,399,844
856,971
369,292
2,139,775
33,806
3,552,365
858,469
367,758
2,291,787
34,351
First­
time
freshmen
..................................
485,743
437,181
46,311
24,605
357,783
8,482
506,525
46,697
27,527
422,664
9,637
Other
first­
year
.........................................
1,113,630
1,087,686
116,371
67,043
893,002
11,270
1,223,723
114,749
68,323
1,030,513
10,138
Second
year
.............................................
1,105,534
1,096,022
133,855
59,123
888,990
14,054
1,046,592
134,257
60,311
837,448
14,576
Third
year
.................................................
258,613
256,179
186,801
69,378
0
0
255,555
185,980
68,993
582
0
Fourth
year
and
beyond
..........................
447,895
448,522
340,569
107,953
0
0
450,120
345,134
104,463
523
0
Unclassified
by
level
................................
92,584
74,254
33,064
41,190
0
0
69,850
31,652
38,141
57
0
Others
in
credit
courses
..............................
1,527,990
1,498,382
182,022
86,533
1,224,362
5,465
1,393,791
183,481
88,372
1,116,249
5,689
Postbaccalaureate
...............................................
2,051,747
2,070,030
1,187,557
882,473
 
 
2,109,993
1,199,226
910,603
164
 
First­
professional
.............................................
298,258
302,473
120,698
181,775
 
 
303,190
122,885
180,305
 
 
Full­
time
.......................................................
267,218
271,049
115,210
155,839
 
 
270,581
116,793
153,788
 
 
First­
time
..................................................
78,337
78,640
30,932
47,708
 
 
79,089
32,394
46,695
 
 
Other
........................................................
188,881
192,409
84,278
108,131
 
 
191,492
84,399
107,093
 
 
Part­
time
......................................................
31,040
31,424
5,488
25,936
 
 
32,609
6,092
26,517
 
 
First­
time
..................................................
9,577
8,923
1,032
7,891
 
 
9,822
1,019
8,803
 
 
Other
........................................................
21,463
22,501
4,456
18,045
 
 
22,787
5,073
17,714
 
 
Graduate
students
...........................................
1,753,489
1,767,557
1,066,859
700,698
 
 
1,806,803
1,076,341
730,298
164
 
Full­
time
.......................................................
752,246
753,578
438,524
315,054
 
 
780,838
447,296
333,540
2
 
Degree
seeking
........................................
704,719
706,605
401,819
304,786
 
 
733,963
409,388
324,573
2
 
First­
time
...............................................
229,058
228,947
123,339
105,608
 
 
243,171
128,914
114,257
0
 
Other
degree
seeking
...........................
475,661
477,658
278,480
199,178
 
 
490,792
280,474
210,316
2
 
Others
in
credit
courses
...........................
47,527
46,973
36,705
10,268
 
 
46,875
37,908
8,967
0
 
Part­
time
......................................................
1,001,243
1,013,979
628,335
385,644
 
 
1,025,965
629,045
396,758
162
 
Degree
seeking
........................................
773,236
784,120
452,607
331,513
 
 
791,075
454,770
336,199
106
 
First­
time
...............................................
151,146
154,972
79,916
75,056
 
 
162,094
82,644
79,443
7
 
Other
degree
seeking
...........................
622,090
629,148
372,691
256,457
 
 
628,981
372,126
256,756
99
 
Others
in
credit
courses
...........................
228,007
229,859
175,728
54,131
 
 
234,890
174,275
60,559
56
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
The
new
degreegranting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
217
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
182.
 
Total
first­
time
freshmen
enrolled
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student,
attendance
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1955
to
fall
1999
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total,
all
freshmen
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Type
of
institution,
by
control
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
4­
year
2­
year
Public
Private
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Institutions
of
higher
education
1955
1
...................
670
 
 
416
 
 
254
 
 
2
283
2
247
2
117
2
23
1956
1
...................
718
 
 
443
 
 
275
 
 
2
293
2
262
2
137
2
25
1957
1
...................
724
 
 
442
 
 
282
 
 
2
294
2
263
2
141
2
27
1958
1
...................
775
 
 
465
 
 
310
 
 
2
328
2
272
2
146
2
29
1959
1
...................
822
 
 
488
 
 
334
 
 
2
348
2
292
2
153
2
28
1960
1
...................
923
 
 
540
 
 
384
 
 
2
396
2
313
2
182
2
32
1961
1
...................
1,018
 
 
592
 
 
426
 
 
2
438
2
336
2
210
2
34
1962
1
...................
1,031
 
 
598
 
 
432
 
 
2
445
2
325
2
225
2
36
1963
1
...................
1,046
 
 
604
 
 
442
 
 
 
 
 
 
1964
1
...................
1,225
 
 
702
 
 
523
 
 
2
539
2
363
2
275
2
47
1965
1
...................
1,442
 
 
829
 
 
613
 
 
2
642
2
399
2
348
2
53
1966
.....................
1,554
 
 
890
 
 
665
 
 
2
626
2
383
2
478
2
67
1967
.....................
1,641
1,336
305
931
761
170
710
574
136
2
645
2
368
2
561
2
67
1968
.....................
1,893
1,471
422
1,082
847
235
810
624
187
2
725
2
378
2
718
2
72
1969
.....................
1,967
1,525
442
1,118
876
242
849
649
200
2
737
2
393
2
776
2
61
1970
.....................
2,063
1,587
476
1,152
896
256
911
691
221
2
754
2
397
2
854
2
58
1971
.....................
2,119
1,606
513
1,171
896
275
949
710
238
2
738
2
386
2
937
2
58
1972
.....................
2,153
1,574
579
1,158
858
299
995
716
279
680
381
1,037
55
1973
.....................
2,226
1,607
619
1,182
867
315
1,044
740
304
699
379
1,089
59
1974
.....................
2,366
1,673
692
1,244
896
348
1,122
777
345
746
386
1,176
58
1975
.....................
2,515
1,763
752
1,328
942
386
1,187
821
366
772
395
1,284
64
1976
.....................
2,347
1,662
685
1,170
855
316
1,177
808
369
717
414
1,153
63
1977
.....................
2,394
1,681
714
1,156
840
316
1,239
841
398
737
405
1,186
67
1978
.....................
2,390
1,651
739
1,142
817
324
1,248
834
414
737
407
1,174
73
1979
.....................
2,503
1,707
796
1,180
840
340
1,323
866
457
760
415
1,254
74
1980
.....................
2,588
1,750
838
1,219
862
357
1,369
887
481
765
418
1,314
91
1981
.....................
2,595
1,738
858
1,218
852
366
1,378
886
492
754
419
1,318
104
1982
.....................
2,505
1,689
817
1,199
837
362
1,306
851
455
731
404
1,254
116
1983
.....................
2,444
1,678
766
1,159
825
334
1,285
853
431
728
404
1,190
122
1984
.....................
2,357
1,613
744
1,112
786
326
1,245
827
418
714
403
1,130
110
1985
.....................
2,292
1,602
690
1,076
775
301
1,216
827
389
717
399
1,060
116
1986
.....................
2,219
1,589
630
1,047
769
278
1,173
821
352
720
392
991
3
117
1987
.....................
2,246
1,627
620
1,047
779
267
1,200
847
352
758
405
980
104
1988
.....................
2,379
1,699
680
1,100
807
293
1,279
892
387
783
426
1,049
121
1989
.....................
2,341
1,657
684
1,095
791
303
1,246
865
381
762
414
1,049
3
116
1990
.....................
2,257
1,617
640
1,045
771
274
1,211
846
366
727
400
1,041
4
88
1991
.....................
2,278
1,653
625
1,068
798
270
1,209
855
355
718
393
1,070
4
97
1992
.....................
2,184
1,604
580
1,013
760
253
1,171
843
328
697
408
993
4
85
1993
.....................
2,161
1,608
552
1,008
762
245
1,153
846
307
702
411
974
4
74
1994
.....................
2,133
1,603
530
985
751
233
1,149
852
297
709
406
952
4
66
1995
.....................
2,169
1,647
522
1,001
767
234
1,168
880
288
732
419
955
4
63
1996
.....................
2,193
1,674
519
1,014
779
234
1,180
895
285
741
426
968
4
58
1997
.....................
2,147
1,681
466
992
781
211
1,155
900
255
755
438
897
4
57
Degree­
granting
institutions
1996
.....................
2,274
1,740
534
1,047
806
241
1,228
934
294
741
427
990
4
116
1997
.....................
2,219
1,734
486
1,026
806
220
1,193
927
266
755
442
924
4
98
1998
5
...................
2,213
1,775
437
1,023
826
197
1,190
950
240
793
461
858
4
100
1999
6
...................
2,352
1,845
507
1,092
863
228
1,260
982
278
819
474
952
4
107
 
Not
available.
1
Excludes
first­
time
freshmen
in
occupational
programs
not
creditable
towards
a
bachelor's
degree.
2
Data
for
2­
year
branches
of
4­
year
college
systems
are
aggregated
with
the
4­
year
institutions.
3
Because
of
imputation
techniques,
data
are
not
consistent
with
figures
for
other
years.
4
Data
not
comparable
with
pre­
1990
figures
because
of
a
change
in
reporting
procedures
5
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
6
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

NOTE:
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
Department
of
Education
no
longer
distinguishes
between
those
institutions
and
other
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
programs.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Alaska
and
Hawaii
are
included
in
all
years.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fall
Enrollment
in
Higher
Education,
various
years;
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities
survey;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
218
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
183.
 
Total
first­
time
freshmen
enrolled
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
control
of
institution,
and
state:
Fall
1994
to
fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
Degree­
granting
institutions
Degree­
granting
institutions,
fall
1999
Fall
1994
Fall
1995
Total,
fall
1996
Total,
fall
1997
Total,
fall
1998
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
..
2,133,205
2,168,831
2,274,319
2,219,255
2,212,593
2,351,932
1,845,407
863,377
982,030
506,525
228,425
278,100
1,771,276
580,656
Alabama
...............
41,542
37,166
37,185
37,511
37,821
39,013
31,596
14,281
17,315
7,417
3,281
4,136
33,584
5,429
Alaska
..................
1,835
1,880
1,946
2,404
2,511
2,217
1,783
815
968
434
161
273
2,015
202
Arizona
.................
32,753
37,049
40,724
38,936
41,253
38,235
27,606
13,788
13,818
10,629
5,096
5,533
29,413
8,822
Arkansas
..............
16,378
16,924
20,633
20,030
20,865
21,474
18,836
8,314
10,522
2,638
1,093
1,545
18,460
3,014
California
..............
258,687
272,715
289,519
210,363
213,243
284,667
171,838
80,583
91,255
112,829
54,196
58,633
239,512
45,155
Colorado
..............
31,001
32,775
34,377
34,871
37,992
38,080
28,416
14,569
13,847
9,664
4,788
4,876
30,292
7,788
Connecticut
..........
21,259
21,268
21,177
20,796
21,970
23,173
19,657
9,186
10,471
3,516
1,390
2,126
14,001
9,172
Delaware
..............
6,921
8,092
7,854
8,079
7,812
8,292
6,779
2,839
3,940
1,513
505
1,008
6,272
2,020
District
of
Columbia
..........
9,706
9,077
8,645
8,256
8,843
8,878
7,385
2,974
4,411
1,493
541
952
1,171
7,707
Florida
..................
71,318
72,722
78,146
87,159
90,794
91,068
71,447
34,055
37,392
19,621
8,544
11,077
66,070
24,998
Georgia
................
58,991
59,829
53,725
51,905
53,673
56,139
45,327
20,516
24,811
10,812
4,588
6,224
42,715
13,424
Hawaii
..................
10,309
9,524
9,726
10,150
9,519
8,957
6,365
2,896
3,469
2,592
1,174
1,418
7,250
1,707
Idaho
....................
10,646
10,103
10,915
10,837
11,078
11,202
9,717
4,502
5,215
1,485
650
835
7,871
3,331
Illinois
...................
111,309
109,483
106,383
107,579
108,933
110,246
77,004
36,709
40,295
33,242
15,346
17,896
84,024
26,222
Indiana
.................
48,059
51,071
53,257
53,433
55,003
56,950
49,216
23,261
25,955
7,734
3,317
4,417
40,338
16,612
Iowa
.....................
35,229
35,097
39,938
38,985
37,709
40,071
31,136
15,336
15,800
8,935
3,714
5,221
31,373
8,698
Kansas
.................
24,641
29,083
28,055
27,056
27,313
29,809
21,775
10,850
10,925
8,034
3,821
4,213
26,620
3,189
Kentucky
..............
28,983
29,024
29,318
29,222
30,299
30,831
27,437
11,821
15,616
3,394
1,432
1,962
23,417
7,414
Louisiana
..............
30,951
31,412
39,710
38,727
40,654
41,212
35,258
15,099
20,159
5,954
2,724
3,230
34,237
6,975
Maine
...................
8,149
8,273
8,455
8,226
8,643
8,983
7,972
3,706
4,266
1,011
336
675
5,903
3,080
Maryland
..............
31,647
32,993
33,198
33,875
35,545
39,082
27,706
12,582
15,124
11,376
4,263
7,113
33,553
5,529
Massachusetts
.....
65,768
64,892
62,804
62,493
63,300
65,051
57,041
25,862
31,179
8,010
3,082
4,928
28,779
36,272
Michigan
...............
83,697
76,360
76,367
77,755
80,293
83,746
62,940
28,946
33,994
20,806
9,214
11,592
67,429
16,317
Minnesota
............
43,783
46,794
54,288
44,926
45,399
59,964
45,693
22,302
23,391
14,271
6,376
7,895
47,112
12,852
Mississippi
............
25,862
26,602
27,669
28,393
28,775
28,657
24,798
11,059
13,739
3,859
1,490
2,369
26,804
1,853
Missouri
................
38,544
39,610
41,639
41,417
44,320
45,975
39,179
17,722
21,457
6,796
3,115
3,681
29,705
16,270
Montana
...............
6,819
7,473
8,248
8,047
7,904
8,012
7,060
3,449
3,611
952
394
558
7,321
691
Nebraska
..............
16,616
16,147
18,053
18,075
17,648
19,970
16,368
7,889
8,479
3,602
1,557
2,045
15,381
4,589
Nevada
.................
6,939
6,799
7,572
10,113
11,312
9,758
5,554
2,479
3,075
4,204
1,975
2,229
8,270
1,488
New
Hampshire
...
11,373
11,789
10,872
11,039
10,505
11,168
9,924
4,461
5,463
1,244
550
694
6,069
5,099
New
Jersey
..........
43,063
45,308
45,927
47,327
48,577
53,197
42,934
20,303
22,631
10,263
4,588
5,675
43,059
10,138
New
Mexico
.........
13,864
12,104
14,141
15,102
15,391
14,996
11,548
5,457
6,091
3,448
1,433
2,015
13,665
1,331
New
York
.............
155,922
151,682
153,439
154,024
157,476
162,406
146,796
68,422
78,374
15,610
6,607
9,003
91,832
70,574
North
Carolina
......
51,346
51,706
53,826
61,065
66,609
67,381
54,302
24,477
29,825
13,079
5,817
7,262
53,189
14,192
North
Dakota
........
8,122
8,386
8,684
7,936
8,293
8,620
7,571
3,960
3,611
1,049
451
598
7,555
1,065
Ohio
.....................
88,585
89,510
95,202
92,730
96,062
93,898
79,868
37,562
42,306
14,030
6,241
7,789
67,517
26,381
Oklahoma
.............
29,627
28,474
28,701
29,411
32,009
34,028
25,584
12,147
13,437
8,444
3,602
4,842
30,904
3,124
Oregon
.................
23,321
20,562
22,598
22,450
22,523
24,530
18,629
8,939
9,690
5,901
2,850
3,051
20,006
4,524
Pennsylvania
........
98,488
101,053
110,785
111,864
112,170
119,899
103,292
49,541
53,751
16,607
7,071
9,536
66,837
53,062
Rhode
Island
........
12,645
12,745
12,643
13,848
14,372
14,071
12,389
5,972
6,417
1,682
650
1,032
6,224
7,847
South
Carolina
.....
28,577
29,036
30,719
31,187
32,026
31,517
26,677
11,576
15,101
4,840
2,064
2,776
25,764
5,753
South
Dakota
.......
6,607
6,378
8,352
7,783
8,504
9,542
8,652
4,293
4,359
890
349
541
7,966
1,576
Tennessee
...........
34,180
36,628
37,384
38,262
38,626
39,410
35,633
16,117
19,516
3,777
1,644
2,133
27,072
12,338
Texas
...................
127,586
131,905
141,837
145,218
157,878
163,120
115,660
54,839
60,821
47,460
21,868
25,592
139,039
24,081
Utah
.....................
24,383
24,041
26,841
28,101
25,893
25,695
19,616
8,951
10,665
6,079
3,213
2,866
18,968
6,727
Vermont
...............
6,132
6,506
6,702
7,169
6,812
6,914
6,108
3,123
2,985
806
269
537
3,860
3,054
Virginia
.................
45,272
46,533
47,360
48,385
51,131
50,830
44,052
19,566
24,486
6,778
2,999
3,779
38,459
12,371
Washington
..........
68,613
73,255
86,677
96,017
32,910
33,484
28,944
13,608
15,336
4,540
2,015
2,525
27,260
6,224
West
Virginia
........
15,928
15,880
16,717
15,356
16,164
15,797
14,386
6,904
7,482
1,411
563
848
13,340
2,457
Wisconsin
.............
46,479
49,201
50,285
50,925
49,859
54,017
42,548
19,726
22,822
11,469
5,302
6,167
46,452
7,565
Wyoming
..............
4,814
4,626
4,458
4,695
4,421
3,912
3,617
1,819
1,798
295
116
179
3,559
353
U.
S.
Service
Schools
.............
9,936
11,286
10,643
9,742
3,958
3,788
3,788
3,224
564
 
 
 
3,788
 
Outlying
areas
30,573
38,714
37,312
36,163
34,572
36,540
33,409
13,570
19,839
3,131
1,440
1,691
16,052
20,488
American
Samoa
948
943
954
954
435
723
172
71
101
551
226
325
723
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
....
410
354
417
365
366
616
529
240
289
87
41
46
616
 
Guam
...................
956
478
484
616
562
607
459
190
269
148
78
70
607
 
Marshall
Islands
...
22
22
121
159
190
236
130
79
51
106
59
47
236
 
Northern
Marianas
440
153
113
163
117
333
163
78
85
170
61
109
333
 
Palau
....................
13
14
109
83
140
115
108
56
52
7
0
7
115
 
Puerto
Rico
..........
27,408
36,343
34,781
33,522
32,448
33,489
31,543
12,779
18,764
1,946
941
1,005
13,001
20,488
Virgin
Islands
.......
376
407
333
301
314
421
305
77
228
116
34
82
421
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
219
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
184.
 
College
enrollment
rates
of
high
school
graduates,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1960
to
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Year
High
school
graduates
1
Enrolled
in
college
2
Total
White
3
Black
3,4
Hispanic
4
Total
White
3
Black
3,4
Hispanic
4
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Annual
3­
year
moving
average
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1960
.....................
1,679
(
44)
1,565
(
45)
 
 
 
 
758
(
41)
45.1
(
2.1)
717
(
40)
45.8
(
2.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1961
.....................
1,763
(
46)
1,612
(
47)
 
 
 
 
847
(
43)
48.0
(
2.1)
798
(
42)
49.5
(
2.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1962
.....................
1,838
(
44)
1,660
(
45)
 
 
 
 
900
(
43)
49.0
(
2.0)
840
(
42)
50.6
(
2.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1963
.....................
1,741
(
44)
1,615
(
45)
 
 
 
 
784
(
42)
45.0
(
2.1)
736
(
41)
45.6
(
2.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1964
.....................
2,145
(
43)
1,964
(
45)
 
 
 
 
1,037
(
46)
48.3
(
1.9)
967
(
45)
49.2
(
2.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1965
.....................
2,659
(
48)
2,417
(
51)
 
 
 
 
1,354
(
51)
50.9
(
1.7)
1,249
(
50)
51.7
(
1.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1966
.....................
2,612
(
45)
2,403
(
48)
 
 
 
 
1,309
(
50)
50.1
(
1.7)
1,243
(
50)
51.7
(
1.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1967
.....................
2,525
(
38)
2,267
(
40)
 
 
 
 
1,311
(
41)
51.9
(
1.4)
1,202
(
40)
53.0
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1968
.....................
2,606
(
37)
2,303
(
40)
 
 
 
 
1,444
(
42)
55.4
(
1.4)
1,304
(
41)
56.6
(
1.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1969
.....................
2,842
(
40)
2,538
(
43)
 
 
 
 
1,516
(
44)
53.3
(
1.3)
1,402
(
43)
55.2
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1970
.....................
2,757
(
39)
2,461
(
42)
 
 
 
 
1,427
(
42)
51.8
(
1.4)
1,280
(
41)
52.0
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1971
.....................
2,872
(
39)
2,596
(
42)
 
 
 
 
1,535
(
43)
53.4
(
1.3)
1,402
(
43)
54.0
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1972
.....................
2,961
(
39)
2,614
(
43)
 
 
 
 
1,457
(
43)
49.2
(
1.3)
1,292
(
42)
49.4
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1973
.....................
3,059
(
39)
2,707
(
43)
 
 
 
 
1,425
(
43)
46.6
(
1.3)
1,302
(
42)
48.1
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1974
.....................
3,101
(
40)
2,736
(
43)
 
 
 
 
1,474
(
44)
47.5
(
1.3)
1,288
(
42)
47.1
(
1.4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1975
.....................
3,186
(
40)
2,825
(
44)
 
 
 
 
1,615
(
45)
50.7
(
1.3)
1,446
(
44)
51.2
(
1.3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1976
.....................
2,987
(
43)
2,640
(
45)
320
(
24)
152
(
24)
1,458
(
44)
48.8
(
1.3)
1,291
(
43)
48.9
(
1.4)
134
(
16)
41.9
(
3.9)
80
(
17)
52.6
(
8.0)
 
 
1977
.....................
3,140
(
42)
2,768
(
45)
335
(
29)
156
(
24)
1,590
(
46)
50.6
(
1.3)
1,403
(
44)
50.7
(
1.4)
166
(
21)
49.6
(
4.6)
80
(
18)
51.3
(
7.9)
48.9
(
4.7)
1978
.....................
3,161
(
42)
2,750
(
45)
352
(
30)
133
(
23)
1,584
(
46)
50.1
(
1.3)
1,378
(
44)
50.1
(
1.4)
161
(
21)
45.7
(
4.5)
57
(
15)
42.9
(
8.5)
46.3
(
4.7)
1979
.....................
3,160
(
42)
2,776
(
46)
324
(
29)
154
(
24)
1,559
(
46)
49.3
(
1.3)
1,376
(
44)
49.6
(
1.4)
147
(
20)
45.4
(
4.6)
69
(
16)
44.8
(
8.0)
46.8
(
4.9)

1980
.....................
3,089
(
42)
2,682
(
46)
361
(
31)
129
(
22)
1,524
(
45)
49.3
(
1.3)
1,339
(
44)
49.9
(
1.4)
151
(
21)
41.8
(
4.3)
68
(
16)
52.7
(
8.7)
49.9
(
4.8)
1981
.....................
3,053
(
42)
2,626
(
45)
359
(
30)
146
(
24)
1,646
(
46)
53.9
(
1.3)
1,434
(
44)
54.6
(
1.4)
154
(
20)
42.9
(
4.4)
76
(
17)
52.1
(
8.2)
49.3
(
4.7)
1982
.....................
3,100
(
42)
2,644
(
47)
384
(
33)
174
(
27)
1,568
(
47)
50.6
(
1.4)
1,376
(
46)
52.0
(
1.5)
140
(
21)
36.5
(
4.3)
75
(
18)
43.1
(
7.9)
49.8
(
4.9)
1983
.....................
2,964
(
41)
2,496
(
46)
392
(
33)
138
(
24)
1,562
(
47)
52.7
(
1.4)
1,372
(
45)
55.0
(
1.5)
151
(
21)
38.5
(
4.3)
75
(
18)
54.3
(
8.9)
47.3
(
4.7)
1984
.....................
3,012
(
38)
2,514
(
44)
438
(
35)
185
(
28)
1,662
(
46)
55.2
(
1.4)
1,455
(
45)
57.9
(
1.5)
176
(
23)
40.2
(
4.1)
82
(
19)
44.3
(
7.7)
49.9
(
4.9)

1985
.....................
2,666
(
41)
2,241
(
45)
333
(
31)
141
(
27)
1,539
(
45)
57.7
(
1.5)
1,332
(
44)
59.4
(
1.6)
141
(
21)
42.3
(
4.8)
72
(
19)
51.1
(
9.8)
46.6
(
5.2)
1986
.....................
2,786
(
39)
2,307
(
44)
386
(
33)
169
(
29)
1,499
(
45)
53.8
(
1.4)
1,292
(
44)
56.0
(
1.6)
141
(
21)
36.5
(
4.3)
75
(
20)
44.4
(
8.9)
43.0
(
5.2)
1987
.....................
2,647
(
42)
2,207
(
46)
337
(
31)
176
(
30)
1,503
(
46)
56.8
(
1.5)
1,249
(
44)
56.6
(
1.6)
175
(
23)
51.9
(
4.8)
59
(
18)
33.5
(
8.2)
45.0
(
5.0)
1988
.....................
2,673
(
47)
2,187
(
51)
382
(
36)
179
(
36)
1,575
(
50)
58.9
(
1.6)
1,328
(
49)
60.7
(
1.7)
172
(
25)
45.0
(
4.9)
102
(
27)
57.0
(
10.1)
48.6
(
6.0)
1989
.....................
2,454
(
50)
2,051
(
52)
337
(
34)
168
(
35)
1,463
(
50)
59.6
(
1.6)
1,238
(
48)
60.4
(
1.8)
178
(
25)
52.8
(
5.2)
93
(
26)
55.4
(
10.5)
53.2
(
6.4)

1990
.....................
2,355
(
44)
1,921
(
47)
341
(
32)
112
(
25)
1,410
(
46)
59.9
(
1.6)
1,182
(
45)
61.5
(
1.8)
158
(
23)
46.3
(
5.0)
53
(
17)
47.3
(
11.3)
53.3
(
5.8)
1991
.....................
2,276
(
44)
1,867
(
46)
320
(
32)
154
(
29)
1,420
(
46)
62.4
(
1.6)
1,207
(
44)
64.6
(
1.8)
146
(
22)
45.6
(
5.2)
88
(
22)
57.1
(
9.6)
53.1
(
5.6)
1992
.....................
2,398
(
42)
1,900
(
46)
353
(
33)
199
(
33)
1,479
(
46)
61.7
(
1.6)
1,204
(
44)
63.4
(
1.8)
169
(
23)
47.9
(
4.9)
109
(
25)
54.8
(
8.5)
58.1
(
5.0)
1993
.....................
2,338
(
44)
1,910
(
46)
302
(
31)
200
(
33)
1,464
(
46)
62.6
(
1.6)
1,200
(
45)
62.8
(
1.8)
168
(
23)
55.6
(
5.3)
125
(
26)
62.5
(
8.2)
55.4
(
5.0)
1994
.....................
2,517
(
39)
2,065
(
43)
318
(
27)
178
(
22)
1,559
(
43)
61.9
(
1.4)
1,313
(
42)
63.6
(
1.6)
162
(
20)
50.9
(
4.4)
87
(
15)
48.9
(
6.3)
55.1
(
3.2)

1995
.....................
2,599
(
40)
2,088
(
44)
356
(
28)
288
(
27)
1,610
(
44)
61.9
(
1.4)
1,308
(
43)
62.6
(
1.6)
183
(
21)
51.4
(
4.2)
155
(
20)
53.8
(
4.9)
51.1
(
3.2)
1996
.....................
2,660
(
41)
2,092
(
46)
416
(
31)
227
(
25)
1,729
(
46)
65.0
(
1.4)
1,377
(
45)
65.8
(
1.6)
230
(
24)
55.3
(
4.0)
115
(
18)
50.7
(
5.8)
56.7
(
3.0)
1997
.....................
2,769
(
42)
2,228
(
46)
394
(
31)
336
(
31)
1,856
(
47)
67.0
(
1.4)
1,504
(
46)
67.5
(
1.5)
235
(
24)
59.6
(
4.0)
220
(
25)
65.5
(
4.5)
54.5
(
2.9)
1998
.....................
2,810
(
44)
2,277
(
48)
393
(
31)
314
(
30)
1,844
(
48)
65.6
(
1.4)
1,499
(
47)
65.8
(
1.5)
244
(
25)
62.1
(
4.0)
149
(
21)
47.5
(
4.9)
51.7
(
2.8)
1999
.....................
2,897
(
43)
2,287
(
48)
453
(
33)
329
(
30)
1,822
(
48)
62.9
(
1.4)
1,437
(
47)
62.8
(
1.6)
268
(
26)
59.2
(
3.8)
139
(
20)
42.2
(
4.8)
47.6
(
2.8)
2000
.....................
2,756
(
45)
2,219
(
49)
404
(
31)
300
(
29)
1,745
(
48)
63.3
(
1.4)
1,420
(
47)
64.0
(
1.6)
227
(
24)
56.2
(
4.0)
159
(
22)
53.0
(
5.0)
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Individuals
age
16
to
24
who
graduated
from
high
school
or
completed
a
GED
during
the
preceding
12
months.

2
Enrollment
in
college
as
of
October
of
each
year
for
individuals
age
16
to
24
who
graduated
from
high
school
during
the
preceding
12
months.

3
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

4
Due
to
the
small
sample
size,
data
are
subject
to
relatively
large
sampling
errors.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
population.
High
school
graduate
data
in
this
table
differ
from
figures
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
procedures
and
coverage.
High
school
graduates
include
GED
recipients.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
American
College
Testing
Program,
unpublished
tabulations,
derived
from
statistics
collected
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
College
Enrollment
of
High
School
Graduates,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
220
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
185.
 
College
enrollment
rates
of
high
school
graduates,
by
sex:
1960
to
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Year
Total
high
school
graduates
1
Enrolled
in
college
2
Total
Males
Females
Total
Males
Females
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1960
..................................
1,679
(
44)
756
(
32)
923
(
30)
758
(
41)
45.1
(
2.1)
408
(
30)
54.0
(
3.2)
350
(
28)
37.9
(
2.8)
1962
..................................
1,838
(
44)
872
(
32)
966
(
30)
900
(
43)
49.0
(
2.0)
480
(
31)
55.0
(
3.0)
420
(
30)
43.5
(
2.8)
1964
..................................
2,145
(
43)
997
(
32)
1,148
(
28)
1,037
(
46)
48.3
(
1.9)
570
(
33)
57.2
(
2.8)
467
(
31)
40.7
(
2.5)
1965
..................................
2,659
(
48)
1,254
(
35)
1,405
(
32)
1,354
(
51)
50.9
(
1.7)
718
(
37)
57.3
(
2.5)
636
(
36)
45.3
(
2.3)
1966
..................................
2,612
(
45)
1,207
(
34)
1,405
(
29)
1,309
(
50)
50.1
(
1.7)
709
(
36)
58.7
(
2.5)
600
(
35)
42.7
(
2.3)
1968
..................................
2,606
(
37)
1,184
(
28)
1,422
(
24)
1,444
(
42)
55.4
(
1.4)
748
(
30)
63.2
(
2.0)
696
(
29)
48.9
(
1.9)
1969
..................................
2,842
(
36)
1,352
(
27)
1,490
(
24)
1,516
(
43)
53.3
(
1.3)
812
(
30)
60.1
(
1.9)
704
(
30)
47.2
(
1.8)
1970
..................................
2,757
(
39)
1,343
(
28)
1,414
(
27)
1,427
(
42)
51.8
(
1.4)
741
(
30)
55.2
(
1.9)
686
(
30)
48.5
(
1.9)
1971
..................................
2,872
(
39)
1,369
(
29)
1,503
(
26)
1,535
(
43)
53.4
(
1.3)
788
(
31)
57.6
(
1.9)
747
(
31)
49.7
(
1.8)
1972
..................................
2,961
(
39)
1,420
(
29)
1,541
(
27)
1,457
(
43)
49.2
(
1.3)
749
(
31)
52.7
(
1.9)
708
(
30)
45.9
(
1.8)
1973
..................................
3,059
(
39)
1,458
(
29)
1,601
(
26)
1,425
(
43)
46.6
(
1.3)
730
(
31)
50.1
(
1.9)
695
(
30)
43.4
(
1.8)
1974
..................................
3,101
(
40)
1,491
(
29)
1,610
(
27)
1,474
(
44)
47.5
(
1.3)
736
(
31)
49.4
(
1.8)
738
(
31)
45.8
(
1.8)
1975
..................................
3,186
(
40)
1,513
(
30)
1,673
(
27)
1,615
(
45)
50.7
(
1.3)
796
(
32)
52.6
(
1.8)
819
(
32)
49.0
(
1.7)
1976
..................................
2,987
(
43)
1,450
(
31)
1,537
(
30)
1,458
(
44)
48.8
(
1.3)
685
(
31)
47.2
(
1.9)
773
(
32)
50.3
(
1.8)
1977
..................................
3,140
(
42)
1,482
(
31)
1,658
(
28)
1,590
(
46)
50.6
(
1.3)
773
(
32)
52.2
(
1.9)
817
(
32)
49.3
(
1.8)
1978
..................................
3,161
(
42)
1,485
(
31)
1,676
(
28)
1,584
(
46)
50.1
(
1.3)
758
(
32)
51.0
(
1.9)
826
(
33)
49.3
(
1.8)
1979
..................................
3,160
(
42)
1,474
(
31)
1,686
(
28)
1,559
(
46)
49.3
(
1.3)
743
(
32)
50.4
(
1.9)
816
(
33)
48.4
(
1.8)
1980
..................................
3,089
(
42)
1,500
(
30)
1,589
(
29)
1,524
(
45)
49.3
(
1.3)
701
(
31)
46.7
(
1.9)
823
(
32)
51.8
(
1.8)
1981
..................................
3,053
(
42)
1,490
(
30)
1,563
(
29)
1,646
(
46)
53.9
(
1.3)
816
(
32)
54.8
(
1.9)
830
(
32)
53.1
(
1.8)
1982
..................................
3,100
(
42)
1,508
(
31)
1,592
(
29)
1,568
(
47)
50.6
(
1.4)
739
(
33)
49.0
(
2.0)
829
(
34)
52.1
(
1.9)
1983
..................................
2,964
(
41)
1,390
(
31)
1,574
(
27)
1,562
(
47)
52.7
(
1.4)
721
(
32)
51.9
(
2.0)
841
(
33)
53.4
(
1.9)
1984
..................................
3,012
(
38)
1,429
(
28)
1,583
(
24)
1,662
(
46)
55.2
(
1.4)
800
(
33)
56.0
(
2.0)
862
(
33)
54.5
(
1.9)
1985
..................................
2,666
(
41)
1,286
(
30)
1,380
(
28)
1,539
(
45)
57.7
(
1.5)
754
(
32)
58.6
(
2.1)
785
(
32)
56.9
(
2.0)
1986
..................................
2,786
(
39)
1,331
(
29)
1,455
(
26)
1,499
(
45)
53.8
(
1.4)
744
(
32)
55.9
(
2.1)
755
(
32)
51.9
(
2.0)
1987
..................................
2,647
(
42)
1,278
(
31)
1,369
(
29)
1,503
(
46)
56.8
(
1.5)
746
(
32)
58.4
(
2.1)
757
(
32)
55.3
(
2.0)
1988
..................................
2,673
(
47)
1,334
(
33)
1,339
(
33)
1,575
(
50)
58.9
(
1.6)
761
(
35)
57.0
(
2.2)
814
(
36)
60.8
(
2.2)
1989
..................................
2,454
(
50)
1,208
(
36)
1,245
(
35)
1,463
(
50)
59.6
(
1.6)
696
(
35)
57.6
(
2.3)
767
(
36)
61.6
(
2.3)
1990
..................................
2,355
(
44)
1,169
(
31)
1,185
(
31)
1,410
(
46)
59.9
(
1.6)
676
(
32)
57.8
(
2.3)
735
(
33)
62.0
(
2.2)
1991
..................................
2,276
(
44)
1,139
(
31)
1,137
(
31)
1,420
(
46)
62.4
(
1.6)
656
(
32)
57.6
(
2.3)
763
(
33)
67.1
(
2.2)
1992
..................................
2,398
(
42)
1,216
(
30)
1,182
(
30)
1,479
(
46)
61.7
(
1.6)
725
(
32)
59.6
(
2.2)
754
(
33)
63.8
(
2.2)
1993
..................................
2,338
(
44)
1,118
(
32)
1,219
(
30)
1,464
(
46)
62.6
(
1.6)
668
(
32)
59.7
(
2.3)
797
(
33)
65.4
(
2.2)
1994
..................................
2,517
(
39)
1,244
(
28)
1,273
(
27)
1,559
(
43)
61.9
(
1.4)
754
(
30)
60.6
(
2.0)
805
(
31)
63.2
(
2.0)
1995
..................................
2,599
(
40)
1,238
(
29)
1,361
(
27)
1,610
(
44)
61.9
(
1.4)
775
(
31)
62.6
(
2.0)
835
(
31)
61.4
(
1.9)
1996
..................................
2,660
(
41)
1,297
(
30)
1,363
(
28)
1,729
(
46)
65.0
(
1.4)
779
(
32)
60.1
(
2.1)
950
(
33)
69.7
(
1.9)
1997
..................................
2,769
(
42)
1,354
(
30)
1,415
(
29)
1,856
(
47)
67.0
(
1.4)
860
(
33)
63.5
(
2.0)
995
(
33)
70.3
(
1.9)
1998
..................................
2,810
(
44)
1,452
(
30)
1,358
(
32)
1,844
(
48)
65.6
(
1.4)
906
(
34)
62.4
(
2.0)
938
(
34)
69.1
(
1.9)
1999
..................................
2,897
(
43)
1,474
(
30)
1,423
(
31)
1,822
(
48)
62.9
(
1.4)
905
(
34)
61.4
(
2.0)
917
(
34)
64.4
(
2.0)
2000
..................................
2,756
(
45)
1,251
(
33)
1,505
(
30)
1,745
(
48)
63.3
(
1.4)
749
(
33)
59.9
(
2.1)
996
(
34)
66.2
(
1.9)

1
Individuals
age
16
to
24
who
graduated
from
high
school
or
completed
a
GED
during
the
preceding
12
months.
2
Enrollment
in
college
as
of
October
of
each
year
for
individuals
age
16
to
24
who
graduated
from
high
school
during
the
preceding
12
months.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
population.
High
school
graduate
data
in
this
table
differ
from
figures
appearing
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
procedures
and
coverage.
High
school
graduates
include
GED
recipients.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
American
College
Testing
Program,
unpublished
tabulations,
derived
from
statistics
collected
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
College
Enrollment
of
High
School
Graduates,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)

Table
186.
 
Graduation,
college
preparation,
and
college
application
rates
of
high
school
students,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
1993
 
94
Selected
school
characteristics
Public
schools
Private
schools
Number
of
schools
with
12th­
graders
1993
graduation
rate
of
fall
1992
12thgraders
Average
college
application
rate
of
12thgraders
Number
of
schools
with
12th­
graders
1993
graduation
rate
of
fall
1992
12thgraders
Average
college
application
rate
of
12thgraders
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Total
.............................................................................
17,838
92.6
57.4
7,875
98.2
87.5
Percent
minority
students
Less
than
5%
...............................................................
6,843
94.1
56.4
2,926
98.9
84.8
5%
to
19%
...................................................................
3,784
93.7
60.2
2,735
98.5
90.0
20%
to
49%
.................................................................
3,850
92.1
58.5
1,439
97.7
90.2
50%
or
more
................................................................
3,360
90.1
54.2
775
96.5
79.9
Community
type
Central
city
...................................................................
2,949
89.7
56.5
2,808
98.3
89.0
Suburban/
large
town
...................................................
3,798
92.5
61.6
2,486
98.4
88.1
Small
town/
rural
...........................................................
11,091
94.6
54.3
2,581
97.6
81.5
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
and
may
not
be
strictly
comparable
with
data
reported
elsewhere.
Only
includes
schools
with
students
enrolled
in
12th
grade.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1996,
new
data
forthcoming
in
2002.)
221
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
187.
 
Enrollment
rates
of
18­
to
24­
year­
olds
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity:
1967
to
2000
Year
Enrollment
as
a
percent
of
all
18­
to
24­
year­
olds
Enrollment
as
a
percent
of
all
18­
to
24­
year­
old
high
school
graduates
1
Total
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Total
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Male
Female
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Male
Female
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1967
2
.....................................
25.5
(
0.4)
33.1
(
0.7)
19.2
(
0.5)
26.9
(
0.5)
13.0
(
1.2)
 
 
33.7
(
0.5)
44.7
(
0.9)
25.1
(
0.7)
34.5
(
0.6)
23.3
(
2.0)
 
 
1968
2
.....................................
26.1
(
0.4)
34.1
(
0.7)
19.5
(
0.5)
27.5
(
0.5)
14.5
(
1.2)
 
 
34.2
(
0.5)
45.9
(
0.9)
25.0
(
0.7)
34.9
(
0.6)
25.2
(
1.9)
 
 
1969
2
.....................................
27.3
(
0.4)
35.2
(
0.7)
20.9
(
0.5)
28.7
(
0.5)
16.0
(
1.2)
 
 
35.0
(
0.5)
45.6
(
0.8)
26.4
(
0.7)
35.6
(
0.6)
27.2
(
1.9)
 
 
1970
2
.....................................
25.7
(
0.4)
32.1
(
0.7)
20.3
(
0.5)
27.1
(
0.5)
15.5
(
1.2)
 
 
32.6
(
0.5)
41.0
(
0.8)
25.5
(
0.6)
33.2
(
0.5)
26.0
(
1.8)
 
 
1971
2
.....................................
26.2
(
0.4)
32.5
(
0.6)
20.8
(
0.5)
27.2
(
0.4)
18.2
(
1.2)
 
 
33.2
(
0.5)
41.5
(
0.8)
26.0
(
0.6)
33.5
(
0.5)
29.2
(
1.8)
 
 
1972
.......................................
25.5
(
0.4)
30.2
(
0.6)
21.2
(
0.5)
27.2
(
0.4)
18.3
(
1.2)
13.4
(
1.8)
31.9
(
0.4)
38.2
(
0.7)
26.3
(
0.6)
32.6
(
0.5)
27.2
(
1.7)
25.8
(
3.3)
1973
.......................................
24.0
(
0.4)
27.7
(
0.5)
20.5
(
0.5)
25.5
(
0.4)
15.9
(
1.1)
16.1
(
2.0)
29.7
(
0.4)
34.6
(
0.6)
25.3
(
0.6)
30.2
(
0.5)
23.8
(
1.5)
29.1
(
3.4)
1974
.......................................
24.6
(
0.4)
27.7
(
0.5)
21.7
(
0.5)
25.8
(
0.4)
17.6
(
1.1)
18.0
(
1.9)
30.5
(
0.4)
34.7
(
0.6)
26.7
(
0.6)
30.5
(
0.5)
26.2
(
1.6)
32.3
(
3.2)
1975
.......................................
26.3
(
0.4)
29.0
(
0.5)
23.7
(
0.5)
27.4
(
0.4)
20.4
(
1.2)
20.4
(
2.1)
32.5
(
0.4)
36.2
(
0.6)
29.2
(
0.6)
32.3
(
0.5)
31.5
(
1.7)
35.5
(
3.3)
1976
.......................................
26.7
(
0.4)
28.2
(
0.5)
25.2
(
0.5)
27.6
(
0.4)
22.5
(
1.2)
20.0
(
2.0)
33.1
(
0.4)
35.6
(
0.6)
30.9
(
0.6)
32.8
(
0.5)
33.4
(
1.7)
35.9
(
3.2)

1977
.......................................
26.1
(
0.4)
28.1
(
0.6)
24.3
(
0.5)
27.2
(
0.4)
21.1
(
1.2)
17.2
(
1.9)
32.5
(
0.5)
35.6
(
0.7)
29.7
(
0.6)
32.3
(
0.5)
31.3
(
1.6)
31.5
(
3.1)
1978
.......................................
25.3
(
0.4)
27.1
(
0.6)
23.6
(
0.5)
26.5
(
0.4)
20.1
(
1.1)
15.2
(
1.7)
31.4
(
0.4)
34.1
(
0.7)
28.8
(
0.6)
31.3
(
0.5)
29.6
(
1.6)
27.2
(
2.9)
1979
.......................................
25.0
(
0.4)
25.9
(
0.5)
24.2
(
0.5)
26.3
(
0.4)
19.8
(
1.1)
16.7
(
1.8)
31.2
(
0.4)
32.9
(
0.7)
29.6
(
0.6)
31.3
(
0.5)
29.4
(
1.6)
30.2
(
2.9)
1980
.......................................
25.7
(
0.4)
26.4
(
0.5)
25.0
(
0.5)
27.3
(
0.4)
19.4
(
1.1)
16.1
(
1.6)
31.8
(
0.4)
33.5
(
0.7)
30.3
(
0.6)
32.1
(
0.5)
27.6
(
1.5)
29.9
(
2.8)
1981
.......................................
26.1
(
0.4)
27.1
(
0.5)
25.2
(
0.5)
27.7
(
0.4)
19.9
(
1.1)
16.6
(
1.6)
32.4
(
0.4)
34.7
(
0.7)
30.4
(
0.6)
32.7
(
0.5)
28.0
(
1.5)
29.9
(
2.7)

1982
.......................................
26.6
(
0.4)
27.2
(
0.6)
26.0
(
0.5)
28.1
(
0.5)
19.9
(
1.1)
16.8
(
1.8)
33.0
(
0.5)
34.5
(
0.7)
31.6
(
0.6)
33.3
(
0.5)
28.1
(
1.5)
29.2
(
2.8)
1983
.......................................
26.2
(
0.4)
27.3
(
0.6)
25.1
(
0.5)
27.9
(
0.5)
19.2
(
1.1)
17.3
(
1.8)
32.5
(
0.5)
35.0
(
0.7)
30.3
(
0.6)
33.0
(
0.5)
27.0
(
1.5)
31.5
(
2.9)
1984
.......................................
27.1
(
0.4)
28.6
(
0.6)
25.6
(
0.6)
28.9
(
0.5)
20.3
(
1.1)
17.9
(
1.8)
33.2
(
0.5)
36.0
(
0.7)
30.6
(
0.6)
33.9
(
0.5)
27.2
(
1.5)
29.9
(
2.8)
1985
.......................................
27.8
(
0.4)
28.4
(
0.6)
27.2
(
0.6)
30.0
(
0.5)
19.6
(
1.2)
16.9
(
1.8)
33.7
(
0.5)
35.3
(
0.7)
32.3
(
0.7)
34.9
(
0.5)
26.0
(
1.5)
26.8
(
2.7)
1986
.......................................
27.9
(
0.4)
28.2
(
0.6)
27.6
(
0.6)
29.7
(
0.5)
21.9
(
1.2)
17.6
(
1.8)
34.0
(
0.5)
35.3
(
0.7)
32.8
(
0.7)
34.5
(
0.6)
28.6
(
1.5)
29.4
(
2.7)

1987
.......................................
29.6
(
0.4)
30.6
(
0.6)
28.7
(
0.6)
31.9
(
0.5)
22.8
(
1.2)
17.5
(
1.7)
36.2
(
0.5)
38.3
(
0.7)
34.4
(
0.7)
37.3
(
0.6)
29.5
(
1.5)
28.4
(
2.6)
1988
.......................................
30.3
(
0.5)
30.2
(
0.7)
30.4
(
0.7)
33.2
(
0.6)
21.2
(
1.3)
17.0
(
2.0)
37.2
(
0.6)
38.3
(
0.8)
36.3
(
0.8)
38.6
(
0.6)
28.1
(
1.7)
30.8
(
3.3)
1989
.......................................
30.9
(
0.5)
30.2
(
0.7)
31.6
(
0.7)
34.2
(
0.6)
23.4
(
1.4)
16.1
(
1.9)
38.1
(
0.6)
38.3
(
0.8)
37.9
(
0.8)
39.8
(
0.6)
30.7
(
1.7)
28.7
(
3.1)
1990
.......................................
32.0
(
0.5)
32.3
(
0.7)
31.8
(
0.7)
35.1
(
0.6)
25.4
(
1.4)
15.8
(
1.7)
39.1
(
0.5)
40.0
(
0.8)
38.3
(
0.8)
40.4
(
0.6)
32.7
(
1.7)
28.7
(
2.8)
1991
.......................................
33.3
(
0.5)
32.8
(
0.7)
33.6
(
0.7)
36.8
(
0.6)
23.5
(
1.3)
17.9
(
1.7)
41.0
(
0.6)
41.5
(
0.8)
40.5
(
0.8)
42.4
(
0.6)
31.2
(
1.7)
34.3
(
2.9)

1992
.......................................
34.4
(
0.5)
32.7
(
0.7)
36.0
(
0.7)
37.3
(
0.6)
25.2
(
1.4)
21.3
(
1.9)
41.7
(
0.6)
40.7
(
0.8)
42.7
(
0.8)
42.6
(
0.6)
33.5
(
1.7)
36.8
(
2.9)
1993
.......................................
34.0
(
0.5)
33.6
(
0.7)
34.4
(
0.7)
36.8
(
0.6)
24.5
(
1.4)
21.7
(
1.9)
41.3
(
0.6)
41.7
(
0.8)
40.9
(
0.8)
42.3
(
0.6)
32.4
(
1.7)
35.5
(
2.8)
1994
.......................................
34.6
(
0.4)
33.1
(
0.6)
36.0
(
0.6)
38.1
(
0.5)
27.7
(
1.2)
18.8
(
1.1)
42.3
(
0.5)
41.6
(
0.7)
43.0
(
0.7)
43.7
(
0.6)
35.6
(
1.4)
33.1
(
1.8)
1995
.......................................
34.3
(
0.4)
33.1
(
0.6)
35.5
(
0.6)
37.9
(
0.6)
27.5
(
1.2)
20.7
(
1.1)
42.3
(
0.5)
41.7
(
0.7)
43.0
(
0.7)
44.0
(
0.6)
35.4
(
1.4)
35.2
(
1.7)
1996
.......................................
35.5
(
0.5)
34.1
(
0.7)
37.0
(
0.7)
39.5
(
0.6)
27.4
(
1.2)
20.1
(
1.2)
43.4
(
0.5)
42.5
(
0.8)
44.3
(
0.8)
45.1
(
0.6)
35.9
(
1.5)
34.5
(
1.8)

1997
.......................................
36.8
(
0.5)
35.0
(
0.7)
38.7
(
0.7)
40.6
(
0.6)
29.8
(
1.3)
22.4
(
1.2)
45.2
(
0.5)
44.0
(
0.8)
46.3
(
0.8)
46.6
(
0.6)
39.5
(
1.5)
36.0
(
1.8)
1998
.......................................
36.5
(
0.5)
34.5
(
0.6)
38.6
(
0.7)
40.6
(
0.6)
29.8
(
1.2)
20.4
(
1.1)
45.2
(
0.5)
44.3
(
0.8)
46.1
(
0.7)
46.9
(
0.6)
40.0
(
1.5)
33.9
(
1.7)
1999
.......................................
35.6
(
0.5)
34.1
(
0.6)
37.0
(
0.6)
39.4
(
0.6)
30.4
(
1.2)
18.7
(
1.1)
43.7
(
0.5)
42.9
(
0.8)
44.4
(
0.7)
45.3
(
0.6)
39.2
(
1.5)
31.6
(
1.7)
2000
.......................................
35.5
(
0.5)
32.6
(
0.6)
38.4
(
0.6)
38.7
(
0.6)
30.5
(
1.2)
21.7
(
1.1)
43.2
(
0.5)
40.8
(
0.7)
45.6
(
0.7)
44.1
(
0.6)
39.3
(
1.5)
36.2
(
1.7)

 
Not
available.
1
Includes
students
who
were
enrolled
in
college,
but
did
not
report
high
school
completion
2
Data
for
white
and
black
enrollment
include
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Percents
based
on
18­
to
24­
year­
old
high
school
graduates
for
1992
and
later
years
use
a
slightly
different
definition
of
graduation
and
may
not
be
directly
comparable
with
figures
for
other
years.
All
college
students
are
counted
as
high
school
graduates.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
222
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
188.
 
Total
undergraduate
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
Fulltime
Parttime
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Fulltime
Parttime
Fulltime
Parttime
Public
Private
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Institutions
of
higher
education
1969
....................................
6,884
4,991
1,893
4,008
2,876
2,952
1,056
2,039
837
2,997
1,011
2,162
714
1970
....................................
7,376
5,280
2,096
4,254
3,122
3,097
1,157
2,183
939
3,241
1,013
2,387
735
1971
....................................
7,743
5,512
2,231
4,418
3,325
3,201
1,217
2,311
1,014
3,427
991
2,580
745
1972
....................................
7,941
5,488
2,453
4,429
3,512
3,121
1,308
2,367
1,145
3,467
962
2,756
756
1973
....................................
8,261
5,580
2,681
4,538
3,723
3,135
1,403
2,445
1,278
3,579
959
2,943
780
1974
....................................
8,798
5,726
3,072
4,765
4,033
3,191
1,574
2,535
1,498
3,799
966
3,232
801
1975
....................................
9,679
6,169
3,510
5,257
4,422
3,459
1,798
2,710
1,712
4,245
1,012
3,581
841
1976
....................................
9,429
6,030
3,399
4,902
4,527
3,242
1,660
2,788
1,739
3,949
953
3,668
859
1977
....................................
9,717
6,094
3,623
4,897
4,820
3,188
1,709
2,906
1,914
3,937
960
3,906
914
1978
....................................
9,691
5,967
3,724
4,766
4,925
3,072
1,694
2,895
2,030
3,812
954
3,974
951
1979
....................................
9,998
6,080
3,919
4,821
5,178
3,087
1,734
2,993
2,185
3,865
956
4,181
995
1980
....................................
10,475
6,362
4,113
5,000
5,475
3,227
1,773
3,135
2,340
4,014
985
4,427
1,048
1981
....................................
10,755
6,449
4,306
5,109
5,646
3,261
1,848
3,188
2,458
4,090
1,018
4,558
1,088
1982
....................................
10,825
6,484
4,341
5,170
5,655
3,299
1,871
3,184
2,470
4,140
1,031
4,573
1,081
1983
....................................
10,846
6,514
4,332
5,158
5,688
3,304
1,854
3,210
2,478
4,117
1,042
4,580
1,107
1984
....................................
10,618
6,348
4,270
5,007
5,611
3,195
1,812
3,153
2,459
3,990
1,017
4,504
1,107
1985
....................................
10,597
6,320
4,277
4,962
5,635
3,156
1,806
3,163
2,471
3,953
1,010
4,525
1,110
1986
....................................
10,798
6,352
4,446
5,018
5,780
3,146
1,871
3,206
2,575
4,002
1,015
4,658
1,122
1987
....................................
11,046
6,463
4,584
5,068
5,978
3,164
1,905
3,299
2,679
4,076
992
4,842
1,136
1988
....................................
11,317
6,642
4,674
5,138
6,179
3,206
1,931
3,436
2,743
4,113
1,024
4,990
1,189
1989
....................................
11,743
6,841
4,902
5,311
6,432
3,279
2,032
3,562
2,869
4,272
1,039
5,216
1,216
1990
....................................
11,959
6,976
4,983
5,380
6,579
3,337
2,043
3,639
2,940
4,353
1,027
5,357
1,223
1991
....................................
12,439
7,221
5,218
5,571
6,868
3,436
2,135
3,786
3,082
4,531
1,040
5,617
1,251
1992
....................................
12,538
7,244
5,293
5,583
6,955
3,425
2,158
3,820
3,135
4,537
1,046
5,679
1,275
1993
....................................
12,324
7,179
5,144
5,484
6,840
3,382
2,102
3,797
3,043
4,447
1,036
5,565
1,276
1994
....................................
12,263
7,169
5,094
5,422
6,840
3,342
2,081
3,827
3,013
4,394
1,028
5,551
1,290
1995
....................................
12,232
7,145
5,086
5,401
6,831
3,297
2,105
3,849
2,982
4,380
1,021
5,524
1,307
1996
....................................
12,259
7,211
5,049
5,411
6,848
3,304
2,107
3,907
2,942
4,368
1,043
5,537
1,311
1997
....................................
12,298
7,306
4,992
5,405
6,893
3,330
2,075
3,976
2,917
4,385
1,021
5,574
1,319
Degree­
granting
institutions
1996
....................................
12,327
7,299
5,028
5,421
6,906
3,339
2,082
3,960
2,947
4,383
1,038
5,553
1,354
1997
....................................
12,451
7,419
5,032
5,469
6,982
3,380
2,089
4,039
2,943
4,408
1,060
5,599
1,383
1998
....................................
12,437
7,539
4,898
5,446
6,991
3,428
2,018
4,111
2,880
4,361
1,085
5,589
1,402
1999
....................................
12,681
7,735
4,946
5,559
7,122
3,516
2,044
4,219
2,903
4,431
1,128
5,679
1,443
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
include
unclassified
undergraduate
students.
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
223
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
189.
 
Total
graduate
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Full­
time
Part­
time
Full­
time
Part­
time
Public
Private
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Institutions
of
higher
education
1969
..............................
955
363
593
590
366
252
338
111
255
393
197
273
93
1970
..............................
1,031
379
651
630
400
264
366
115
285
423
207
301
99
1971
..............................
1,012
388
621
615
394
269
346
119
275
415
200
296
100
1972
..............................
1,066
394
671
626
439
268
358
126
313
427
199
330
109
1973
..............................
1,123
410
715
648
477
273
375
137
340
442
206
358
119
1974
..............................
1,190
427
762
663
526
276
387
151
375
454
209
398
128
1975
..............................
1,263
453
810
700
563
290
410
163
400
481
219
425
138
1976
..............................
1,333
463
870
714
619
287
427
176
443
477
237
454
165
1977
..............................
1,319
473
845
700
617
289
411
184
434
458
243
443
174
1978
..............................
1,312
468
844
682
630
280
402
188
442
441
241
453
177
1979
..............................
1,309
476
833
669
640
280
389
196
444
427
242
457
182
1980
..............................
1,343
485
860
675
670
281
394
204
466
426
247
474
195
1981
..............................
1,343
484
859
674
669
277
397
207
462
419
255
468
201
1982
..............................
1,322
485
838
670
653
280
390
205
447
417
253
453
200
1983
..............................
1,340
497
843
677
663
286
391
211
452
418
259
454
209
1984
..............................
1,345
501
844
672
673
286
386
215
459
411
261
459
215
1985
..............................
1,376
509
867
677
700
289
388
220
479
414
263
477
223
1986
..............................
1,435
522
913
693
742
294
399
228
514
433
260
508
234
1987
..............................
1,452
527
925
693
759
294
400
233
525
429
264
516
243
1988
..............................
1,472
553
919
697
774
304
393
249
526
429
268
520
254
1989
..............................
1,522
572
949
710
811
309
401
263
548
437
273
541
271
1990
..............................
1,586
599
987
737
849
321
416
278
571
456
281
567
282
1991
..............................
1,639
642
997
761
878
341
419
300
578
471
290
580
299
1992
..............................
1,669
666
1,003
772
896
351
421
314
582
474
298
584
313
1993
..............................
1,688
688
1,000
771
917
355
416
334
584
473
298
590
327
1994
..............................
1,721
706
1,016
776
946
359
417
347
598
472
304
603
343
1995
..............................
1,732
717
1,015
768
965
356
412
361
604
464
304
610
355
1996
..............................
1,743
736
1,007
760
983
358
403
378
604
456
305
613
370
1997
..............................
1,751
750
1,000
756
994
359
398
392
603
452
304
618
377
Degree­
granting
institutions
1996
..............................
1,742
737
1,005
759
983
358
401
379
604
456
303
613
370
1997
..............................
1,753
752
1,001
758
996
360
398
393
603
452
306
618
377
1998
..............................
1,768
754
1,014
754
1,013
355
399
398
615
444
310
623
390
1999
..............................
1,807
781
1,026
766
1,041
363
403
418
623
446
320
630
411
NOTE:
Data
for
1995
and
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
include
unclassified
graduate
students.
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
224
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
190.
 
Total
first­
professional
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex
of
student,
and
control
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
Year
Total
Full­
time
Parttime
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Full­
time
Parttime
Full­
time
Parttime
Public
Private
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Institutions
of
higher
education
1969
............................
164,737
143,081
21,656
148,926
15,811
131,368
17,558
11,713
4,098
64,241
84,685
8,354
7,457
1970
............................
173,411
157,384
16,027
158,649
14,762
144,270
14,379
13,114
1,648
68,956
89,693
6,501
8,261
1971
............................
192,668
176,224
16,444
174,058
18,610
159,386
14,672
16,838
1,772
98,233
75,825
9,430
9,180
1972
............................
206,659
190,039
16,620
183,443
23,216
168,990
14,453
21,049
2,167
79,723
103,720
10,842
12,374
1973
............................
218,990
201,663
17,327
186,297
32,693
171,731
14,566
29,932
2,761
81,811
104,486
16,138
16,555
1974
............................
235,452
216,329
19,123
194,079
41,373
178,926
15,153
37,403
3,970
84,271
109,808
20,085
21,288
1975
............................
242,267
219,886
22,381
192,100
50,167
177,117
14,983
42,769
7,398
79,240
112,860
23,557
26,610
1976
............................
244,292
220,124
24,168
189,810
54,482
171,967
17,843
48,157
6,325
77,873
111,937
23,468
31,014
1977
............................
251,357
226,318
25,039
191,451
59,906
173,165
18,286
53,153
6,753
78,189
113,262
24,901
35,005
1978
............................
256,904
232,540
24,364
192,221
64,683
174,906
17,315
57,634
7,049
77,748
114,473
26,839
37,844
1979
............................
263,404
238,949
24,455
193,363
70,041
176,394
16,969
62,555
7,486
77,122
116,241
29,026
41,015
1980
............................
277,767
251,359
26,408
199,344
78,423
181,448
17,896
69,911
8,512
81,022
118,322
33,415
45,008
1981
............................
274,595
248,328
26,267
192,936
81,659
175,414
17,522
72,914
8,745
77,562
115,374
34,177
47,482
1982
............................
278,425
252,108
26,317
191,200
87,225
173,941
17,259
78,167
9,058
76,273
114,927
37,183
50,042
1983
............................
278,529
249,636
28,893
188,096
90,433
169,071
19,025
80,565
9,868
74,938
113,158
38,484
51,949
1984
............................
278,598
249,708
28,890
184,949
93,649
166,286
18,663
83,422
10,227
73,722
111,227
40,186
53,463
1985
............................
274,200
246,619
27,581
179,792
94,408
162,368
17,424
84,251
10,157
71,373
108,419
40,435
53,973
1986
............................
270,401
245,647
24,754
173,851
96,550
158,557
15,294
87,090
9,460
70,326
103,525
41,699
54,851
1987
............................
268,332
241,807
26,525
170,129
98,203
153,668
16,461
88,139
10,064
68,089
102,040
41,947
56,256
1988
............................
267,109
241,228
25,881
166,912
100,197
151,045
15,867
90,183
10,014
66,196
100,716
42,743
57,454
1989
............................
274,451
247,812
26,639
168,773
105,678
152,511
16,262
95,301
10,377
67,548
101,225
45,090
60,588
1990
............................
273,366
245,854
27,512
166,798
106,568
149,805
16,993
96,049
10,519
66,071
100,727
45,674
60,894
1991
............................
280,531
252,012
28,519
169,875
110,656
152,356
17,519
99,656
11,000
64,821
105,054
46,661
63,995
1992
............................
280,922
252,138
28,784
168,620
112,302
151,025
17,595
101,113
11,189
63,511
105,109
47,178
65,124
1993
............................
292,431
259,764
32,667
172,788
119,643
153,873
18,915
105,891
13,752
63,973
108,815
49,681
69,962
1994
............................
294,713
263,311
31,402
173,956
120,757
155,018
18,938
108,293
12,464
63,844
110,112
50,153
70,604
1995
............................
297,592
266,414
31,178
173,897
123,695
155,056
18,841
111,358
12,337
63,594
110,303
51,478
72,217
1996
............................
297,739
266,812
30,927
172,462
125,277
153,983
18,479
112,829
12,448
63,608
108,854
52,777
72,500
1997
............................
296,532
265,982
30,550
168,432
128,100
150,520
17,912
115,462
12,638
63,586
104,846
54,491
73,609
Degree­
granting
institutions
1996
............................
298,312
267,209
31,103
172,742
125,570
154,107
18,635
113,102
12,468
63,742
109,000
52,923
72,647
1997
............................
298,258
267,218
31,040
169,627
128,631
151,325
18,302
115,893
12,738
63,667
105,960
54,582
74,049
1998
............................
302,473
271,049
31,424
168,846
133,627
150,361
18,485
120,688
12,939
63,800
105,046
56,898
76,729
1999
............................
303,190
270,581
32,609
165,134
138,056
146,613
18,521
123,968
14,088
63,762
101,372
59,123
78,933
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Trend
tabulations
of
institutions
of
higher
education
data
are
based
on
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
225
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
191.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
Fall
1970
Fall
1975
Fall
1980
Fall
1985
Fall
1990
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
3
Fall
1999
4
Percent
change,
1996
to
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
............
8,580,887
11,184,859
12,096,895
12,247,055
13,818,637
14,261,781
14,367,520
14,502,334
14,506,967
14,791,224
2.9
Alabama
........................
103,936
164,700
164,306
179,343
218,589
225,612
220,711
218,785
216,241
223,144
1.1
Alaska
............................
9,471
13,998
21,296
27,479
29,833
29,348
28,806
27,915
27,652
26,948
 
6.5
Arizona
..........................
109,619
173,542
202,716
216,854
264,148
273,981
288,036
292,730
302,123
326,159
13.2
Arkansas
.......................
52,039
65,547
77,607
77,958
90,425
98,180
108,636
112,342
113,751
115,092
5.9
California
.......................
1,257,245
1,787,932
1,790,993
1,650,439
1,808,740
1,817,042
1,900,099
1,958,200
1,949,508
2,017,483
6.2
Colorado
........................
123,395
149,814
162,916
161,314
227,131
242,739
245,112
252,245
257,247
261,744
6.8
Connecticut
...................
124,700
148,491
159,632
159,348
168,604
157,695
154,139
153,128
153,336
156,907
1.8
Delaware
.......................
25,260
32,389
32,939
31,883
42,004
44,307
44,838
44,890
46,260
46,613
4.0
District
of
Columbia
.......
77,158
84,190
86,675
78,201
79,551
77,277
74,460
72,397
72,388
72,118
 
3.1
Florida
...........................
235,525
344,267
411,891
451,392
588,086
637,303
645,832
658,259
661,187
684,745
6.0
Georgia
..........................
126,511
173,585
184,159
196,826
251,786
314,712
300,795
306,238
303,685
311,812
3.7
Hawaii
............................
36,562
46,671
47,181
49,937
56,436
63,198
62,844
61,514
61,615
62,578
 
0.4
Idaho
.............................
34,567
39,075
43,018
42,668
51,881
59,566
60,411
61,641
63,085
64,661
7.0
Illinois
............................
452,146
584,089
644,245
678,689
729,246
717,854
721,133
726,199
729,084
733,182
1.7
Indiana
...........................
192,668
213,820
247,253
250,567
284,832
289,615
290,184
295,517
299,176
304,725
5.0
Iowa
...............................
108,902
121,678
140,449
152,897
170,515
173,835
178,860
180,967
181,944
186,780
4.4
Kansas
..........................
102,485
120,833
136,605
141,359
163,733
177,643
173,865
177,544
177,561
176,737
1.7
Kentucky
........................
98,591
125,253
143,066
141,724
177,852
178,858
178,904
178,924
180,550
181,626
1.5
Louisiana
.......................
120,728
153,213
160,058
177,176
186,840
203,935
213,993
219,196
221,110
221,348
3.4
Maine
.............................
34,134
40,443
43,264
52,201
57,186
56,547
56,017
56,368
56,986
57,822
3.2
Maryland
........................
149,607
205,570
225,526
231,649
259,700
266,310
260,757
261,262
265,173
268,820
3.1
Massachusetts
..............
303,809
384,485
418,415
421,175
417,833
413,794
411,676
412,620
415,501
419,695
1.9
Michigan
........................
392,726
496,405
520,131
507,293
569,803
548,339
547,629
549,742
557,011
558,998
2.1
Minnesota
......................
160,788
184,756
206,691
221,162
253,789
280,816
284,964
269,887
271,612
282,756
 
0.8
Mississippi
.....................
73,967
99,962
102,364
101,180
122,883
122,690
126,027
130,561
132,438
133,170
5.7
Missouri
.........................
183,930
223,115
234,421
241,146
289,899
291,536
293,584
302,896
310,507
317,480
8.1
Montana
........................
30,062
30,843
35,177
35,958
35,876
42,674
43,550
44,141
44,150
43,114
 
1.0
Nebraska
.......................
66,915
74,705
89,488
97,769
112,831
115,718
120,689
111,542
111,123
110,806
 
8.2
Nevada
..........................
13,669
30,187
40,455
43,656
61,728
67,826
73,970
76,417
83,120
89,711
21.3
New
Hampshire
.............
29,400
41,030
46,794
52,283
59,510
64,327
64,396
63,811
60,784
63,366
 
1.6
New
Jersey
...................
216,121
297,114
321,610
297,658
324,286
333,831
328,143
325,754
325,885
330,537
0.7
New
Mexico
...................
44,461
51,944
58,283
68,295
85,500
102,405
106,662
108,560
108,810
111,896
4.9
New
York
.......................
806,479
1,005,063
992,237
1,000,098
1,048,286
1,041,566
1,028,351
1,024,498
1,014,220
1,020,991
 
0.7
North
Carolina
...............
171,925
251,786
287,537
327,288
352,138
372,030
372,993
373,717
387,407
395,907
6.1
North
Dakota
.................
31,495
29,743
34,069
37,939
37,878
40,399
41,142
38,937
39,441
40,348
 
1.9
Ohio
...............................
376,267
436,052
489,145
514,745
557,690
540,275
544,371
537,169
542,077
548,545
0.8
Oklahoma
......................
110,155
146,613
160,295
169,173
173,221
180,676
177,166
177,157
178,507
179,055
1.1
Oregon
..........................
122,177
145,281
157,458
137,967
165,741
167,145
166,662
169,852
171,056
175,635
5.4
Pennsylvania
.................
411,044
470,536
507,716
533,198
604,060
617,759
587,447
588,185
595,749
605,283
3.0
Rhode
Island
.................
45,898
64,479
66,869
69,927
78,273
74,100
72,432
72,078
73,970
74,821
3.3
South
Carolina
..............
69,518
133,023
132,476
131,902
159,302
174,125
174,303
176,278
181,353
183,626
5.3
South
Dakota
................
30,639
30,260
32,761
32,772
34,208
36,695
39,820
39,042
41,545
42,147
5.8
Tennessee
.....................
135,103
181,435
204,581
194,845
226,238
245,962
247,637
249,805
251,319
252,915
2.1
Texas
.............................
442,225
624,390
701,391
769,692
901,437
952,525
959,698
969,283
978,550
990,587
3.2
Utah
...............................
81,687
87,323
93,987
103,994
121,303
147,324
152,262
157,891
151,232
161,591
6.1
Vermont
.........................
22,209
29,095
30,628
31,416
36,398
35,065
35,779
36,482
37,054
36,728
2.7
Virginia
..........................
151,915
244,671
280,504
292,416
353,442
355,919
355,190
364,904
370,142
377,970
6.4
Washington
...................
183,544
227,168
303,603
231,553
263,384
285,819
303,450
315,281
298,974
306,723
1.1
West
Virginia
.................
63,153
78,619
81,973
76,659
84,790
86,034
87,099
87,965
88,107
88,657
1.8
Wisconsin
......................
202,058
240,701
269,086
275,069
299,774
300,223
299,522
298,248
301,963
304,776
1.8
Wyoming
.......................
15,220
18,078
21,147
24,204
31,326
30,176
30,805
30,280
29,707
29,002
 
5.9
U.
S.
Service
Schools
5
..
17,079
36,897
49,808
54,719
48,692
88,451
81,669
83,090
13,991
13,344
 
83.7
Outlying
areas
..........
67,237
104,270
137,749
164,890
164,618
183,657
182,536
178,154
181,244
185,244
1.5
American
Samoa
...........
 
689
976
758
1,219
1,232
1,239
1,248
909
1,172
 
5.4
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.................
 
 
 
 
975
1,296
1,396
1,372
772
1,506
7.9
Guam
.............................
2,719
3,800
3,217
4,601
4,741
6,010
5,335
5,533
5,758
5,727
7.3
Marshall
Islands
............
 
 
 
 
 
418
431
459
513
616
42.9
Northern
Marianas
........
 
 
 
318
661
959
1,096
1,136
1,239
1,080
 
1.5
Palau
.............................
 
 
 
 
491
351
332
330
424
569
71.4
Puerto
Rico
...................
63,073
97,517
131,184
155,917
154,065
170,337
169,809
165,466
168,983
171,832
1.2
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
........................
 
185
224
724
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
.................
1,445
2,079
2,148
2,572
2,466
3,054
2,898
2,610
2,646
2,742
 
5.4
 
Not
available.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Data
are
for
4
 
year
and
2
 
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
4
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
5
Data
for
1998
and
1999
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
226
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
192.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
Fall
1970
Fall
1975
Fall
1980
Fall
1985
Fall
1990
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
3
Fall
1999
4
Percent
change,
1996
to
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
....................
6,428,134
8,834,508
9,457,394
9,479,273
10,844,717
11,092,374
11,120,499
11,196,119
11,137,769
11,309,399
1.7
Alabama
................................
87,884
145,698
143,674
158,688
195,939
203,165
196,531
193,974
190,685
197,173
0.3
Alaska
....................................
8,563
13,218
20,561
26,510
27,792
28,368
27,828
26,717
26,296
25,687
 
7.7
Arizona
..................................
107,315
168,666
194,034
202,036
248,213
254,530
259,163
260,832
268,102
276,268
6.6
Arkansas
...............................
43,599
56,127
66,068
66,123
78,645
87,067
97,405
100,855
102,264
103,326
6.1
California
...............................
1,123,529
1,617,558
1,599,838
1,444,207
1,594,710
1,564,230
1,625,021
1,664,478
1,646,329
1,692,607
4.2
Colorado
................................
108,562
136,370
145,598
142,031
200,653
210,312
209,183
213,475
216,351
219,436
4.9
Connecticut
...........................
73,391
93,567
97,788
98,616
109,556
100,539
96,336
95,041
94,299
96,834
0.5
Delaware
...............................
21,151
27,082
28,325
27,933
34,252
36,204
36,579
36,495
37,362
36,895
0.9
District
of
Columbia
...............
12,194
15,159
13,900
12,080
11,990
9,663
7,736
4,887
5,410
5,349
 
30.9
Florida
...................................
189,450
287,745
334,349
362,241
489,081
530,607
529,422
534,721
531,921
540,967
2.2
Georgia
..................................
101,900
142,593
140,158
148,956
196,413
248,682
230,204
235,011
229,928
237,411
3.1
Hawaii
....................................
32,963
43,278
43,269
43,246
45,728
50,198
47,370
45,542
45,270
46,479
 
1.9
Idaho
.....................................
27,072
31,298
34,491
33,666
41,315
48,986
49,806
50,233
51,330
52,615
5.6
Illinois
....................................
315,634
444,458
491,274
520,224
551,333
530,248
532,470
536,578
533,294
533,522
0.2
Indiana
...................................
136,739
159,453
189,224
193,833
223,953
224,795
220,967
224,522
228,450
230,810
4.5
Iowa
.......................................
68,390
83,572
97,454
109,765
117,834
122,396
125,923
128,073
129,302
133,753
6.2
Kansas
..................................
88,215
107,761
121,987
127,220
149,117
160,449
156,446
159,955
158,594
157,088
0.4
Kentucky
................................
77,240
105,265
114,884
110,836
147,095
148,808
147,423
146,295
146,344
146,558
 
0.6
Louisiana
...............................
101,127
132,054
136,703
153,173
158,290
174,873
185,223
189,179
189,896
188,573
1.8
Maine
.....................................
25,405
31,092
31,878
33,188
41,500
38,195
38,260
38,010
38,636
40,349
5.5
Maryland
................................
118,988
176,544
195,051
198,992
220,783
222,857
217,277
217,250
219,055
220,809
1.6
Massachusetts
......................
116,127
173,564
183,765
185,602
186,035
176,777
173,854
174,694
178,376
181,514
4.4
Michigan
................................
339,625
436,655
454,147
434,270
487,359
462,390
458,989
458,561
462,580
461,825
0.6
Minnesota
..............................
130,567
148,630
162,379
173,984
199,211
217,249
213,284
203,088
200,422
207,474
 
2.7
Mississippi
.............................
64,968
89,919
90,661
90,704
109,038
110,600
114,905
118,847
120,831
121,369
5.6
Missouri
.................................
132,540
158,196
165,179
168,829
200,093
189,993
189,851
190,608
194,462
199,324
5.0
Montana
................................
27,287
27,798
31,178
32,032
31,865
37,435
38,000
38,702
38,768
38,336
0.9
Nebraska
...............................
51,454
61,240
73,509
81,202
94,614
95,599
99,717
89,414
89,040
88,386
 
11.4
Nevada
..................................
13,576
30,010
40,280
43,368
61,242
66,683
71,925
73,309
79,147
85,270
18.6
New
Hampshire
.....................
15,979
24,205
24,119
26,669
32,163
36,069
36,365
35,259
32,187
34,927
 
4.0
New
Jersey
...........................
145,373
227,764
247,028
237,297
261,601
271,069
264,596
261,365
260,092
263,752
 
0.3
New
Mexico
...........................
40,795
47,605
55,077
66,059
83,403
97,220
99,918
100,708
101,150
103,125
3.2
New
York
...............................
449,437
613,842
563,251
563,251
616,884
588,491
572,482
567,893
567,202
566,306
 
1.1
North
Carolina
.......................
123,761
201,288
228,154
267,044
285,405
303,099
302,939
302,033
314,110
321,311
6.1
North
Dakota
.........................
30,192
27,954
31,709
34,802
34,690
36,810
36,765
35,037
35,264
35,940
 
2.2
Ohio
.......................................
281,099
336,931
381,765
379,164
427,613
409,818
407,108
404,694
408,487
411,541
1.1
Oklahoma
..............................
91,438
124,372
137,188
146,827
151,073
158,026
154,381
154,572
155,796
155,361
0.6
Oregon
..................................
108,483
129,785
140,102
119,612
144,427
143,617
141,429
144,342
144,326
148,177
4.8
Pennsylvania
.........................
232,982
287,436
292,499
300,523
343,478
339,928
335,181
334,901
338,047
336,930
0.5
Rhode
Island
.........................
25,527
32,311
35,052
35,389
42,350
38,653
37,487
37,251
38,368
38,650
3.1
South
Carolina
......................
47,101
107,690
107,683
105,854
131,134
148,706
148,363
148,694
152,542
153,496
3.5
South
Dakota
........................
23,936
21,925
24,328
23,339
26,596
29,693
32,861
32,863
34,088
34,197
4.1
Tennessee
.............................
98,897
139,526
156,835
147,951
175,049
193,136
194,138
193,516
193,393
193,646
 
0.3
Texas
.....................................
365,522
542,212
613,552
677,192
802,314
836,851
838,943
845,686
849,075
862,271
2.8
Utah
.......................................
49,588
56,536
59,598
69,426
86,108
110,560
113,696
118,619
111,315
120,558
6.0
Vermont
.................................
12,536
17,145
17,984
18,844
20,910
20,470
20,139
20,540
20,549
20,580
2.2
Virginia
..................................
123,279
215,253
246,500
250,754
291,286
293,127
292,412
301,594
305,455
311,536
6.5
Washington
...........................
162,718
202,531
276,028
201,532
227,632
246,635
262,359
274,705
257,047
263,415
0.4
West
Virginia
.........................
51,363
68,117
71,228
66,531
74,108
74,857
75,116
76,078
76,322
76,777
2.2
Wisconsin
..............................
170,374
210,535
235,179
238,735
253,529
245,770
245,060
243,858
247,462
249,608
1.9
Wyoming
...............................
15,220
18,078
21,121
24,204
30,623
29,420
29,994
29,475
28,757
27,944
 
6.8
U.
S.
Service
Schools
5
..........
17,079
36,897
49,808
54,719
48,692
88,451
81,669
83,090
13,991
13,344
 
83.7
Outlying
areas
..................
46,680
59,923
60,692
65,411
66,244
77,050
79,083
80,715
82,537
83,919
6.1
American
Samoa
...................
 
689
976
758
1,219
1,232
1,239
1,248
909
1,172
 
5.4
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.........................
 
 
 
 
975
1,296
1,396
1,372
772
1,506
7.9
Guam
.....................................
2,719
3,800
3,217
4,601
4,741
6,010
5,335
5,533
5,758
5,727
7.3
Marshall
Islands
....................
 
 
 
 
 
418
431
459
513
616
42.9
Northern
Marianas
................
 
 
 
318
661
959
1,096
1,136
1,239
1,080
 
1.5
Palau
.....................................
 
 
 
 
491
351
332
330
424
569
71.4
Puerto
Rico
...........................
42,516
53,170
54,127
56,438
55,691
63,730
66,356
68,027
70,276
70,507
6.3
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
..
 
185
224
724
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
.........................
1,445
2,079
2,148
2,572
2,466
3,054
2,898
2,610
2,646
2,742
 
5.4
 
Not
available.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
4
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
5
Data
for
1998
and
1999
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001).
227
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
193.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1970
to
1999
State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
Fall
1970
Fall
1975
Fall
1980
Fall
1985
Fall
1990
Fall
1995
Fall
1996
Fall
1996
Fall
1997
Fall
1998
3
Fall
1999
4
Percent
change,
1996
to
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
.......................
2,152,753
2,350,351
2,639,501
2,767,782
2,973,920
3,169,407
3,210,084
3,247,021
3,306,215
3,369,198
3,481,825
7.2
Alabama
...................................
16,052
19,002
20,632
20,655
22,650
22,447
22,968
24,180
24,811
25,556
25,971
7.4
Alaska
.......................................
908
780
735
969
2,041
980
1,018
978
1,198
1,356
1,261
28.9
Arizona
.....................................
2,304
4,876
8,682
14,818
15,935
19,451
23,363
28,873
31,898
34,021
49,891
72.8
Arkansas
..................................
8,440
9,420
11,539
11,835
11,780
11,113
11,231
11,231
11,487
11,487
11,766
4.8
California
..................................
133,716
170,374
191,155
206,232
214,030
252,812
257,727
275,078
293,722
303,179
324,876
18.1
Colorado
...................................
14,833
13,444
17,318
19,283
26,478
32,427
33,766
35,929
38,770
40,896
42,308
17.8
Connecticut
..............................
51,309
54,924
61,844
60,732
59,048
57,156
57,773
57,803
58,087
59,037
60,073
3.9
Delaware
..................................
4,109
5,307
4,614
3,950
7,752
8,103
8,259
8,259
8,395
8,898
9,718
17.7
District
of
Columbia
..................
64,964
69,031
72,775
66,121
67,561
67,614
66,783
66,724
67,510
66,978
66,769
0.1
Florida
......................................
46,075
56,522
77,542
89,151
99,005
106,696
110,143
116,410
123,538
129,266
143,778
23.5
Georgia
.....................................
24,611
30,992
44,001
47,870
55,373
66,030
68,715
70,591
71,227
73,757
74,401
5.4
Hawaii
.......................................
3,599
3,393
3,912
6,691
10,708
13,000
14,013
15,474
15,972
16,345
16,099
4.0
Idaho
........................................
7,495
7,777
8,527
9,002
10,566
10,580
10,512
10,605
11,408
11,755
12,046
13.6
Illinois
.......................................
136,512
139,631
152,971
158,465
177,913
187,606
188,517
188,663
189,621
195,790
199,660
5.8
Indiana
......................................
55,929
54,367
58,029
56,734
60,879
64,820
65,359
69,217
70,995
70,726
73,915
6.8
Iowa
..........................................
40,512
38,106
42,995
43,132
52,681
51,439
51,098
52,937
52,894
52,642
53,027
0.2
Kansas
.....................................
14,270
13,072
14,618
14,139
14,616
17,194
16,921
17,419
17,589
18,967
19,649
12.8
Kentucky
...................................
21,351
19,988
28,182
30,888
30,757
30,050
30,326
31,481
32,629
34,206
35,068
11.4
Louisiana
..................................
19,601
21,159
23,355
24,003
28,550
29,062
28,928
28,770
30,017
31,214
32,775
13.9
Maine
........................................
8,729
9,351
11,386
19,013
15,686
18,352
17,757
17,757
18,358
18,350
17,473
 
1.6
Maryland
...................................
30,619
29,026
30,475
32,657
38,917
43,453
43,480
43,480
44,012
46,118
48,011
10.4
Massachusetts
.........................
187,682
210,921
234,650
235,573
231,798
237,017
236,911
237,822
237,926
237,125
238,181
0.2
Michigan
...................................
53,101
59,750
65,984
73,023
82,444
85,949
87,985
88,640
91,181
94,431
97,173
9.6
Minnesota
.................................
30,221
36,126
44,312
47,178
54,578
63,567
66,722
71,680
66,799
71,190
75,282
5.0
Mississippi
................................
8,999
10,043
11,703
10,476
13,845
12,090
11,329
11,122
11,714
11,607
11,801
6.1
Missouri
....................................
51,390
64,919
69,242
72,317
89,806
101,543
101,264
103,733
112,288
116,045
118,156
13.9
Montana
...................................
2,775
3,045
3,999
3,926
4,011
5,239
5,145
5,550
5,439
5,382
4,778
 
13.9
Nebraska
..................................
15,461
13,465
15,979
16,567
18,217
20,119
19,583
20,972
22,128
22,083
22,420
6.9
Nevada
.....................................
93
177
175
288
486
1,143
1,542
2,045
3,108
3,973
4,441
117.2
New
Hampshire
........................
13,421
16,825
22,675
25,614
27,347
28,258
28,098
28,031
28,552
28,597
28,439
1.5
New
Jersey
..............................
70,748
69,350
74,582
60,361
62,685
62,762
63,592
63,547
64,389
65,793
66,785
5.1
New
Mexico
..............................
3,666
4,339
3,206
2,236
2,097
5,185
5,916
6,744
7,852
7,660
8,771
30.1
New
York
..................................
357,042
391,221
428,986
436,847
431,402
453,075
455,388
455,869
456,605
447,018
454,685
 
0.3
North
Carolina
..........................
48,164
50,498
59,383
60,244
66,733
68,931
70,229
70,054
71,684
73,297
74,596
6.5
North
Dakota
............................
1,303
1,789
2,360
3,137
3,188
3,589
3,789
4,377
3,900
4,177
4,408
0.7
Ohio
..........................................
95,168
99,121
107,380
135,581
130,077
130,457
132,196
137,263
132,475
133,590
137,004
 
0.2
Oklahoma
.................................
18,717
22,241
23,107
22,346
22,148
22,650
22,874
22,785
22,585
22,711
23,694
4.0
Oregon
.....................................
13,694
15,496
17,356
18,355
21,314
23,528
23,739
25,233
25,510
26,730
27,458
8.8
Pennsylvania
............................
178,062
183,100
215,217
232,675
260,582
277,831
286,813
252,266
253,284
257,702
268,353
6.4
Rhode
Island
............................
20,371
32,168
31,817
34,538
35,923
35,447
34,945
34,945
34,827
35,602
36,171
3.5
South
Carolina
.........................
22,417
25,333
24,793
26,048
28,168
25,419
25,940
25,940
27,584
28,811
30,130
16.2
South
Dakota
...........................
6,703
8,335
8,433
9,433
7,612
7,002
6,809
6,959
6,179
7,457
7,950
14.2
Tennessee
................................
36,206
41,909
47,746
46,894
51,189
52,826
52,946
53,499
56,289
57,926
59,269
10.8
Texas
........................................
76,703
82,178
87,839
92,500
99,123
115,674
117,348
120,755
123,597
129,475
128,316
6.3
Utah
..........................................
32,099
30,787
34,389
34,568
35,195
36,764
37,442
38,566
39,272
39,917
41,033
6.4
Vermont
....................................
9,673
11,950
12,644
12,572
15,488
14,595
14,951
15,640
15,942
16,505
16,148
3.2
Virginia
.....................................
28,636
29,418
34,004
41,662
62,156
62,792
61,376
62,778
63,310
64,687
66,434
5.8
Washington
..............................
20,826
24,637
27,575
30,021
35,752
39,184
40,311
41,091
40,576
41,927
43,308
5.4
West
Virginia
............................
11,790
10,502
10,745
10,128
10,682
11,177
10,934
11,983
11,887
11,785
11,880
 
0.9
Wisconsin
.................................
31,684
30,166
33,907
36,334
46,245
54,453
54,499
54,462
54,390
54,501
55,168
1.3
Wyoming
..................................
 
 
26
 
703
756
811
811
805
950
1,058
30.5
Outlying
areas
.....................
20,557
44,347
77,057
99,479
98,374
106,607
101,799
103,453
97,439
98,707
101,325
 
2.1
American
Samoa
......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
..............................
20,557
44,347
77,057
99,479
98,374
106,607
101,799
103,453
97,439
98,707
101,325
 
2.1
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
....
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
higher
education
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
4
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
228
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
194.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
all
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
State
or
other
area
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
.....................
14,506,967
3,933,653
4,629,685
2,435,612
3,508,017
14,791,224
4,025,721
4,760,773
2,464,925
3,539,805
Alabama
..................................
216,241
64,871
82,375
28,682
40,313
223,144
65,821
82,763
30,889
43,671
Alaska
.....................................
27,652
5,020
6,369
5,948
10,315
26,948
4,882
6,079
5,941
10,046
Arizona
....................................
302,123
69,298
75,262
66,453
91,110
326,159
77,833
86,266
68,133
93,927
Arkansas
.................................
113,751
32,440
42,124
15,206
23,981
115,092
33,276
43,301
14,774
23,741
California
.................................
1,949,508
434,484
516,405
425,910
572,709
2,017,483
447,068
538,095
441,831
590,489
Colorado
.................................
257,247
66,955
72,462
50,277
67,553
261,744
67,938
73,974
51,014
68,818
Connecticut
.............................
153,336
39,508
45,628
27,056
41,144
156,907
41,406
48,243
26,531
40,727
Delaware
.................................
46,260
11,865
15,875
7,053
11,467
46,613
12,054
16,334
6,802
11,423
District
of
Columbia
................
72,388
21,512
27,909
10,020
12,947
72,118
20,874
27,631
10,188
13,425
Florida
.....................................
661,187
152,736
183,048
132,977
192,426
684,745
162,421
196,847
133,182
192,295
Georgia
...................................
303,685
90,497
111,299
40,415
61,474
311,812
91,717
113,924
42,278
63,893
Hawaii
.....................................
61,615
16,031
20,167
11,517
13,900
62,578
16,380
20,683
11,316
14,199
Idaho
.......................................
63,085
19,788
22,684
8,188
12,425
64,661
19,952
23,325
8,914
12,470
Illinois
......................................
729,084
179,286
207,435
138,567
203,796
733,182
181,325
208,924
139,816
203,117
Indiana
....................................
299,176
96,006
106,908
40,785
55,477
304,725
98,358
109,849
41,436
55,082
Iowa
........................................
181,944
59,836
65,630
21,847
34,631
186,780
61,916
68,377
22,488
33,999
Kansas
....................................
177,561
47,405
50,626
32,791
46,739
176,737
48,301
51,713
31,050
45,673
Kentucky
.................................
180,550
53,181
69,390
21,178
36,801
181,626
53,348
69,379
21,544
37,355
Louisiana
................................
221,110
69,383
90,640
23,028
38,059
221,348
69,948
91,759
22,222
37,419
Maine
......................................
56,986
14,826
17,899
8,089
16,172
57,822
15,124
18,694
8,145
15,859
Maryland
.................................
265,173
59,623
73,815
50,464
81,271
268,820
60,999
75,450
50,428
81,943
Massachusetts
........................
415,501
121,124
145,535
59,435
89,407
419,695
123,690
148,491
59,398
88,116
Michigan
.................................
557,011
133,328
161,097
108,928
153,658
558,998
136,381
164,445
107,142
151,030
Minnesota
...............................
271,612
79,597
91,203
42,049
58,763
282,756
82,659
94,624
45,196
60,277
Mississippi
..............................
132,438
42,992
55,807
12,530
21,109
133,170
42,563
55,845
12,709
22,053
Missouri
..................................
310,507
82,823
97,414
52,655
77,615
317,480
84,771
100,177
53,478
79,054
Montana
..................................
44,150
16,528
17,438
4,007
6,177
43,114
16,183
16,991
3,858
6,082
Nebraska
................................
111,123
32,472
36,761
17,739
24,151
110,806
33,107
36,813
17,144
23,742
Nevada
...................................
83,120
13,560
16,195
23,235
30,130
89,711
14,498
17,183
25,493
32,537
New
Hampshire
......................
60,784
17,926
21,334
7,794
13,730
63,366
17,722
21,663
9,295
14,686
New
Jersey
.............................
325,885
84,849
98,174
57,374
85,488
330,537
87,634
101,410
56,644
84,849
New
Mexico
............................
108,810
25,588
31,747
19,975
31,500
111,896
26,794
33,193
20,035
31,874
New
York
................................
1,014,220
304,464
372,303
127,651
209,802
1,020,991
308,547
379,766
124,946
207,732
North
Carolina
........................
387,407
108,107
137,048
56,476
85,776
395,907
110,662
141,289
56,676
87,280
North
Dakota
..........................
39,441
16,224
15,496
3,268
4,453
40,348
16,418
15,977
3,305
4,648
Ohio
........................................
542,077
158,772
186,570
79,771
116,964
548,545
162,019
190,098
79,956
116,472
Oklahoma
...............................
178,507
53,086
57,023
28,370
40,028
179,055
53,832
57,680
28,325
39,218
Oregon
....................................
171,056
45,589
51,075
32,360
42,032
175,635
47,265
53,547
32,466
42,357
Pennsylvania
..........................
595,749
195,591
219,795
70,903
109,460
605,283
201,254
225,856
70,620
107,553
Rhode
Island
..........................
73,970
22,740
25,302
9,875
16,053
74,821
23,242
25,943
9,736
15,900
South
Carolina
........................
181,353
50,953
64,737
23,779
41,884
183,626
51,983
66,889
23,491
41,263
South
Dakota
..........................
41,545
13,982
15,370
4,626
7,567
42,147
14,267
15,420
4,686
7,774
Tennessee
..............................
251,319
76,635
93,920
33,233
47,531
252,915
77,255
95,720
32,669
47,271
Texas
......................................
978,550
257,333
292,229
186,252
242,736
990,587
259,632
298,984
185,398
246,573
Utah
........................................
151,232
46,565
48,378
28,513
27,776
161,591
49,769
50,298
31,468
30,056
Vermont
..................................
37,054
12,284
13,700
3,705
7,365
36,728
12,372
13,568
3,737
7,051
Virginia
....................................
370,142
95,957
116,128
64,108
93,949
377,970
97,281
119,134
65,940
95,615
Washington
.............................
298,974
85,032
99,339
48,240
66,363
306,723
86,968
101,462
49,464
68,829
West
Virginia
..........................
88,107
29,580
32,884
9,398
16,245
88,657
30,050
33,393
9,437
15,777
Wisconsin
...............................
301,963
85,215
100,841
48,323
67,584
304,776
86,326
102,645
48,898
66,907
Wyoming
.................................
29,707
8,435
8,672
4,589
8,011
29,002
8,316
8,635
4,393
7,658
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..............
13,991
11,771
2,220
0
0
13,344
11,320
2,024
0
0
Outlying
areas
....................
181,244
54,533
86,549
15,674
24,488
185,244
55,541
87,989
17,141
24,573
American
Samoa
....................
909
209
286
141
273
1,172
210
355
255
352
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...........................
772
202
310
135
125
1,506
532
594
196
184
Guam
......................................
5,758
1,064
1,744
1,232
1,718
5,727
1,103
1,890
1,209
1,525
Marshall
Islands
......................
513
171
176
96
70
616
206
173
138
99
Northern
Marianas
..................
1,239
179
291
343
426
1,080
215
318
218
329
Palau
.......................................
424
136
163
64
61
569
180
196
74
119
Puerto
Rico
.............................
168,983
52,284
82,636
13,328
20,735
171,832
52,808
83,463
14,756
20,805
Virgin
Islands
..........................
2,646
288
943
335
1,080
2,742
287
1,000
295
1,160
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
U.
S.
Service
Schools
in
1998
and
1999
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
229
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
195.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
State
or
other
area
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
.....................
11,137,769
2,800,633
3,300,183
2,068,065
2,968,888
11,309,399
2,851,633
3,372,481
2,089,548
2,995,737
Alabama
..................................
190,685
55,713
70,176
26,982
37,814
197,173
56,395
70,369
29,229
41,180
Alaska
.....................................
26,296
4,647
5,914
5,727
10,008
25,687
4,562
5,684
5,686
9,755
Arizona
....................................
268,102
53,823
61,286
64,425
88,568
276,268
55,426
63,859
65,996
90,987
Arkansas
.................................
102,264
27,789
36,607
14,724
23,144
103,326
28,375
37,676
14,272
23,003
California
.................................
1,646,329
325,506
394,931
393,161
532,731
1,692,607
331,382
406,478
406,908
547,839
Colorado
.................................
216,351
53,576
58,517
44,061
60,197
219,436
53,957
59,553
44,546
61,380
Connecticut
.............................
94,299
20,528
23,926
19,228
30,617
96,834
21,790
25,215
19,132
30,697
Delaware
.................................
37,362
10,447
13,698
5,388
7,829
36,895
10,404
13,868
5,054
7,569
District
of
Columbia
................
5,410
831
1,090
1,434
2,055
5,349
768
1,075
1,380
2,126
Florida
.....................................
531,921
107,322
135,715
116,138
172,746
540,967
114,112
144,318
112,742
169,795
Georgia
...................................
229,928
63,680
78,658
34,073
53,517
237,411
65,275
80,600
35,846
55,690
Hawaii
.....................................
45,270
11,623
14,013
8,362
11,272
46,479
11,718
14,246
8,700
11,815
Idaho
.......................................
51,330
15,117
16,540
7,874
11,799
52,615
15,373
16,993
8,518
11,731
Illinois
......................................
533,294
118,644
137,294
111,847
165,509
533,522
118,862
136,250
113,410
165,000
Indiana
....................................
228,450
68,847
75,758
36,817
47,028
230,810
70,331
77,161
37,048
46,270
Iowa
........................................
129,302
42,679
44,633
17,444
24,546
133,753
44,277
46,571
17,970
24,935
Kansas
....................................
158,594
41,299
43,602
30,868
42,825
157,088
41,964
44,406
29,039
41,679
Kentucky
.................................
146,344
42,015
54,921
18,119
31,289
146,558
41,822
54,755
18,378
31,603
Louisiana
................................
189,896
59,076
76,588
20,095
34,137
188,573
59,116
76,809
19,154
33,494
Maine
......................................
38,636
9,939
11,012
6,690
10,995
40,349
10,162
11,768
6,821
11,598
Maryland
.................................
219,055
48,336
59,765
42,480
68,474
220,809
49,112
60,521
42,386
68,790
Massachusetts
........................
178,376
42,468
50,522
33,119
52,267
181,514
43,151
51,892
33,995
52,476
Michigan
.................................
462,580
109,814
127,799
94,790
130,177
461,825
111,569
129,945
92,627
127,684
Minnesota
...............................
200,422
57,105
61,778
34,839
46,700
207,474
58,563
63,498
37,357
48,056
Mississippi
..............................
120,831
39,334
50,376
11,685
19,436
121,369
38,957
50,278
11,857
20,277
Missouri
..................................
194,462
50,408
59,833
32,451
51,770
199,324
51,494
61,848
33,299
52,683
Montana
..................................
38,768
15,037
15,116
3,438
5,177
38,336
14,840
15,023
3,318
5,155
Nebraska
................................
89,040
25,115
26,831
16,063
21,031
88,386
25,182
27,006
15,435
20,763
Nevada
...................................
79,147
12,267
13,951
23,136
29,793
85,270
12,763
14,798
25,417
32,292
New
Hampshire
......................
32,187
9,262
11,301
4,277
7,347
34,927
9,247
11,707
5,539
8,434
New
Jersey
.............................
260,092
64,014
76,602
47,890
71,586
263,752
65,770
79,530
47,118
71,334
New
Mexico
............................
101,150
22,842
28,173
19,539
30,596
103,125
23,589
29,231
19,499
30,806
New
York
................................
567,202
155,661
195,186
82,524
133,831
566,306
157,434
196,533
79,723
132,616
North
Carolina
........................
314,110
80,018
103,183
51,943
78,966
321,311
82,494
106,644
52,323
79,850
North
Dakota
..........................
35,264
14,669
13,258
3,167
4,170
35,940
14,862
13,523
3,225
4,330
Ohio
........................................
408,487
113,289
134,924
65,988
94,286
411,541
115,462
136,599
66,177
93,303
Oklahoma
...............................
155,796
43,613
48,137
26,216
37,830
155,361
43,711
48,440
26,215
36,995
Oregon
....................................
144,326
36,077
39,288
30,112
38,849
148,177
37,346
41,337
30,159
39,335
Pennsylvania
..........................
338,047
107,030
117,912
44,963
68,142
336,930
107,783
119,318
43,548
66,281
Rhode
Island
..........................
38,368
8,063
11,210
6,632
12,463
38,650
8,211
11,557
6,498
12,384
South
Carolina
........................
152,542
40,516
51,248
21,915
38,863
153,496
41,153
52,710
21,673
37,960
South
Dakota
..........................
34,088
11,907
12,084
3,917
6,180
34,197
12,053
12,031
3,800
6,313
Tennessee
..............................
193,393
52,756
67,919
29,902
42,816
193,646
53,595
68,775
29,192
42,084
Texas
......................................
849,075
210,506
242,888
170,133
225,548
862,271
214,680
249,174
169,785
228,632
Utah
........................................
111,315
30,600
30,566
25,413
24,736
120,558
32,809
32,164
28,344
27,241
Vermont
..................................
20,549
6,317
6,821
2,515
4,896
20,580
6,209
6,871
2,588
4,912
Virginia
....................................
305,455
75,495
89,419
56,413
84,128
311,536
76,560
91,769
57,832
85,375
Washington
.............................
257,047
70,944
81,106
44,071
60,926
263,415
72,383
82,703
45,121
63,208
West
Virginia
..........................
76,322
25,462
27,022
8,813
15,025
76,777
25,896
27,268
8,888
14,725
Wisconsin
...............................
247,462
69,340
80,205
41,675
56,242
249,608
70,088
81,493
42,388
55,639
Wyoming
.................................
28,757
7,496
8,661
4,589
8,011
27,944
7,276
8,617
4,393
7,658
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..............
13,991
11,771
2,220
0
0
13,344
11,320
2,024
0
0
Outlying
areas
....................
82,537
24,441
40,608
6,636
10,852
83,919
24,972
41,262
6,646
11,039
American
Samoa
....................
909
209
286
141
273
1,172
210
355
255
352
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...........................
772
202
310
135
125
1,506
532
594
196
184
Guam
......................................
5,758
1,064
1,744
1,232
1,718
5,727
1,103
1,890
1,209
1,525
Marshall
Islands
......................
513
171
176
96
70
616
206
173
138
99
Northern
Marianas
..................
1,239
179
291
343
426
1,080
215
318
218
329
Palau
.......................................
424
136
163
64
61
569
180
196
74
119
Puerto
Rico
.............................
70,276
22,192
36,695
4,290
7,099
70,507
22,239
36,736
4,261
7,271
Virgin
Islands
..........................
2,646
288
943
335
1,080
2,742
287
1,000
295
1,160
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
U.
S.
Service
Schools
in
1998
and
1999
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
230
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
196.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
attendance
status,
sex,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
State
or
other
area
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Total
Full­
time
Part­
time
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
.................................
3,369,198
1,133,020
1,329,502
367,547
539,129
3,481,825
1,174,088
1,388,292
375,377
544,068
Alabama
..............................................
25,556
9,158
12,199
1,700
2,499
25,971
9,426
12,394
1,660
2,491
Alaska
.................................................
1,356
373
455
221
307
1,261
320
395
255
291
Arizona
................................................
34,021
15,475
13,976
2,028
2,542
49,891
22,407
22,407
2,137
2,940
Arkansas
.............................................
11,487
4,651
5,517
482
837
11,766
4,901
5,625
502
738
California
.............................................
303,179
108,978
121,474
32,749
39,978
324,876
115,686
131,617
34,923
42,650
Colorado
..............................................
40,896
13,379
13,945
6,216
7,356
42,308
13,981
14,421
6,468
7,438
Connecticut
.........................................
59,037
18,980
21,702
7,828
10,527
60,073
19,616
23,028
7,399
10,030
Delaware
.............................................
8,898
1,418
2,177
1,665
3,638
9,718
1,650
2,466
1,748
3,854
District
of
Columbia
.............................
66,978
20,681
26,819
8,586
10,892
66,769
20,106
26,556
8,808
11,299
Florida
.................................................
129,266
45,414
47,333
16,839
19,680
143,778
48,309
52,529
20,440
22,500
Georgia
...............................................
73,757
26,817
32,641
6,342
7,957
74,401
26,442
33,324
6,432
8,203
Hawaii
.................................................
16,345
4,408
6,154
3,155
2,628
16,099
4,662
6,437
2,616
2,384
Idaho
...................................................
11,755
4,671
6,144
314
626
12,046
4,579
6,332
396
739
Illinois
..................................................
195,790
60,642
70,141
26,720
38,287
199,660
62,463
72,674
26,406
38,117
Indiana
................................................
70,726
27,159
31,150
3,968
8,449
73,915
28,027
32,688
4,388
8,812
Iowa
.....................................................
52,642
17,157
20,997
4,403
10,085
53,027
17,639
21,806
4,518
9,064
Kansas
................................................
18,967
6,106
7,024
1,923
3,914
19,649
6,337
7,307
2,011
3,994
Kentucky
.............................................
34,206
11,166
14,469
3,059
5,512
35,068
11,526
14,624
3,166
5,752
Louisiana
.............................................
31,214
10,307
14,052
2,933
3,922
32,775
10,832
14,950
3,068
3,925
Maine
..................................................
18,350
4,887
6,887
1,399
5,177
17,473
4,962
6,926
1,324
4,261
Maryland
.............................................
46,118
11,287
14,050
7,984
12,797
48,011
11,887
14,929
8,042
13,153
Massachusetts
....................................
237,125
78,656
95,013
26,316
37,140
238,181
80,539
96,599
25,403
35,640
Michigan
..............................................
94,431
23,514
33,298
14,138
23,481
97,173
24,812
34,500
14,515
23,346
Minnesota
............................................
71,190
22,492
29,425
7,210
12,063
75,282
24,096
31,126
7,839
12,221
Mississippi
...........................................
11,607
3,658
5,431
845
1,673
11,801
3,606
5,567
852
1,776
Missouri
...............................................
116,045
32,415
37,581
20,204
25,845
118,156
33,277
38,329
20,179
26,371
Montana
..............................................
5,382
1,491
2,322
569
1,000
4,778
1,343
1,968
540
927
Nebraska
.............................................
22,083
7,357
9,930
1,676
3,120
22,420
7,925
9,807
1,709
2,979
Nevada
................................................
3,973
1,293
2,244
99
337
4,441
1,735
2,385
76
245
New
Hampshire
..................................
28,597
8,664
10,033
3,517
6,383
28,439
8,475
9,956
3,756
6,252
New
Jersey
.........................................
65,793
20,835
21,572
9,484
13,902
66,785
21,864
21,880
9,526
13,515
New
Mexico
........................................
7,660
2,746
3,574
436
904
8,771
3,205
3,962
536
1,068
New
York
............................................
447,018
148,803
177,117
45,127
75,971
454,685
151,113
183,233
45,223
75,116
North
Carolina
.....................................
73,297
28,089
33,865
4,533
6,810
74,596
28,168
34,645
4,353
7,430
North
Dakota
.......................................
4,177
1,555
2,238
101
283
4,408
1,556
2,454
80
318
Ohio
.....................................................
133,590
45,483
51,646
13,783
22,678
137,004
46,557
53,499
13,779
23,169
Oklahoma
............................................
22,711
9,473
8,886
2,154
2,198
23,694
10,121
9,240
2,110
2,223
Oregon
................................................
26,730
9,512
11,787
2,248
3,183
27,458
9,919
12,210
2,307
3,022
Pennsylvania
.......................................
257,702
88,561
101,883
25,940
41,318
268,353
93,471
106,538
27,072
41,272
Rhode
Island
.......................................
35,602
14,677
14,092
3,243
3,590
36,171
15,031
14,386
3,238
3,516
South
Carolina
....................................
28,811
10,437
13,489
1,864
3,021
30,130
10,830
14,179
1,818
3,303
South
Dakota
......................................
7,457
2,075
3,286
709
1,387
7,950
2,214
3,389
886
1,461
Tennessee
..........................................
57,926
23,879
26,001
3,331
4,715
59,269
23,660
26,945
3,477
5,187
Texas
..................................................
129,475
46,827
49,341
16,119
17,188
128,316
44,952
49,810
15,613
17,941
Utah
.....................................................
39,917
15,965
17,812
3,100
3,040
41,033
16,960
18,134
3,124
2,815
Vermont
...............................................
16,505
5,967
6,879
1,190
2,469
16,148
6,163
6,697
1,149
2,139
Virginia
................................................
64,687
20,462
26,709
7,695
9,821
66,434
20,721
27,365
8,108
10,240
Washington
.........................................
41,927
14,088
18,233
4,169
5,437
43,308
14,585
18,759
4,343
5,621
West
Virginia
.......................................
11,785
4,118
5,862
585
1,220
11,880
4,154
6,125
549
1,052
Wisconsin
............................................
54,501
15,875
20,636
6,648
11,342
55,168
16,238
21,152
6,510
11,268
Wyoming
.............................................
950
939
11
 
 
1,058
1,040
18
 
 
Outlying
areas
................................
98,707
30,092
45,941
9,038
13,636
101,325
30,569
46,727
10,495
13,534
American
Samoa
................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
..................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
...................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.........................................
98,707
30,092
45,941
9,038
13,636
101,325
30,569
46,727
10,495
13,534
Virgin
Islands
......................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001).
231
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
197.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
type
of
institution,
and
state:
1998
and
1999
State
or
other
area
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Public
4­
year
Public
2­
year
Private
4­
year
Private
2­
year
Public
4­
year
Public
2­
year
Private
4­
year
Private
2­
year
Total
Not­
forprofit
Total
Not­
forprofit
Total
Not­
forprofit
Total
Not­
forprofit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
..................
5,891,806
5,245,963
3,125,847
2,939,055
243,351
65,870
5,969,950
5,339,449
3,228,575
2,989,285
253,250
62,341
Alabama
..............................
123,542
67,143
24,626
22,069
930
265
129,062
68,111
25,041
22,630
930
185
Alaska
..................................
25,430
866
905
905
451
 
24,942
745
828
828
433
 
Arizona
................................
103,942
164,160
27,959
9,321
6,062
891
104,931
171,337
42,296
10,741
7,595
854
Arkansas
.............................
68,108
34,156
11,111
11,111
376
160
68,818
34,508
11,383
11,383
383
168
California
.............................
524,528
1,121,801
273,259
226,485
29,920
9,193
538,479
1,154,128
291,510
232,598
33,366
9,967
Colorado
..............................
136,151
80,200
36,189
24,146
4,707
29
139,175
80,261
37,196
24,107
5,112
30
Connecticut
.........................
54,945
39,354
57,739
57,479
1,298
213
56,769
40,065
57,810
57,534
2,263
210
Delaware
.............................
24,502
12,860
8,790
8,790
108
108
24,365
12,530
9,581
9,581
137
137
District
of
Columbia
.............
5,410
 
66,978
63,686
 
 
5,349
 
66,769
63,730
 
 
Florida
.................................
218,471
313,450
114,899
99,741
14,367
1,475
229,754
311,213
128,768
106,569
15,010
1,384
Georgia
................................
160,679
69,249
69,844
61,859
3,913
2,844
165,931
71,480
70,470
61,485
3,931
3,182
Hawaii
..................................
20,361
24,909
14,657
13,579
1,688
1,395
21,089
25,390
14,482
13,178
1,617
1,152
Idaho
...................................
42,463
8,867
2,962
2,500
8,793
8,551
43,337
9,278
3,176
2,716
8,870
8,628
Illinois
..................................
193,548
339,746
189,472
175,418
6,318
2,183
193,880
339,642
193,319
177,695
6,341
2,303
Indiana
.................................
186,916
41,534
63,817
60,976
6,909
2,194
187,659
43,151
67,621
65,053
6,294
1,671
Iowa
.....................................
67,835
61,467
51,614
51,254
1,028
1,028
68,767
64,986
50,476
50,050
2,551
1,078
Kansas
................................
86,783
71,811
17,398
17,398
1,569
788
87,606
69,482
18,219
18,219
1,430
767
Kentucky
..............................
105,381
40,963
29,611
26,643
4,595
471
104,246
42,312
29,877
26,685
5,191
477
Louisiana
.............................
148,627
41,269
28,982
27,939
2,232
492
148,069
40,504
30,242
28,721
2,533
476
Maine
...................................
30,850
7,786
16,639
16,639
1,711
213
32,521
7,828
15,857
15,857
1,616
212
Maryland
..............................
114,596
104,459
44,939
44,238
1,179
632
116,270
104,539
47,248
46,121
763
90
Massachusetts
....................
102,728
75,648
230,144
230,144
6,981
5,682
102,006
79,508
231,033
231,033
7,148
5,109
Michigan
..............................
267,136
195,444
91,541
89,232
2,890
1,826
271,310
190,515
94,402
91,980
2,771
1,782
Minnesota
............................
111,609
88,813
61,333
58,706
9,857
1,818
112,302
95,172
64,253
60,916
11,029
1,957
Mississippi
...........................
62,350
58,481
10,668
10,668
939
619
62,610
58,759
10,943
10,943
858
582
Missouri
...............................
118,643
75,819
108,375
104,567
7,670
2,324
120,507
78,817
110,708
106,685
7,448
2,269
Montana
..............................
32,103
6,665
4,171
4,171
1,211
988
31,560
6,776
4,039
4,010
739
739
Nebraska
.............................
53,469
35,571
20,780
20,780
1,303
104
52,809
35,577
20,621
20,621
1,799
 
Nevada
................................
33,304
45,843
2,321
585
1,652
 
36,859
48,411
2,633
584
1,808
 
New
Hampshire
...................
25,030
7,157
27,662
24,481
935
72
25,368
9,559
27,453
23,926
986
102
New
Jersey
.........................
138,978
121,114
59,408
59,408
6,385
128
140,694
123,058
63,766
60,126
3,019
133
New
Mexico
.........................
49,198
51,952
6,757
3,112
903
 
50,655
52,470
7,604
3,160
1,167
270
New
York
.............................
332,872
234,330
425,221
411,572
21,797
5,012
334,518
231,788
433,173
416,732
21,512
4,472
North
Carolina
.....................
158,958
155,152
72,483
72,483
814
656
160,982
160,329
73,044
73,044
1,552
1,025
North
Dakota
.......................
26,676
8,588
3,849
3,849
328
311
27,178
8,762
3,896
3,896
512
299
Ohio
.....................................
263,308
145,179
121,699
118,205
11,891
2,395
256,775
154,766
126,157
122,597
10,847
688
Oklahoma
............................
95,563
60,233
20,492
20,422
2,219
374
95,867
59,494
21,230
20,472
2,464
428
Oregon
................................
66,598
77,728
25,934
24,533
796
229
68,966
79,211
26,394
24,412
1,064
320
Pennsylvania
.......................
236,821
101,226
226,831
226,831
30,871
5,619
237,724
99,206
234,457
232,014
33,896
4,506
Rhode
Island
.......................
23,002
15,366
35,602
35,602
 
 
23,040
15,610
36,171
36,171
 
 
South
Carolina
....................
88,290
64,252
27,153
27,153
1,658
595
87,112
66,384
28,813
28,813
1,317
503
South
Dakota
......................
28,589
5,499
7,249
5,088
208
208
28,630
5,567
7,738
5,212
212
212
Tennessee
...........................
117,429
75,964
53,015
51,977
4,911
653
118,475
75,171
54,920
53,237
4,349
706
Texas
...................................
415,841
433,234
117,048
113,669
12,427
1,316
421,894
440,377
115,327
111,805
12,989
1,485
Utah
.....................................
82,149
29,166
36,868
34,419
3,049
862
87,717
32,841
37,954
35,133
3,079
790
Vermont
...............................
15,891
4,658
15,843
15,485
662
371
15,822
4,758
15,462
15,126
686
396
Virginia
................................
172,924
132,531
58,141
49,649
6,546
583
175,275
136,261
59,672
50,015
6,762
597
Washington
.........................
90,189
166,858
38,593
37,286
3,334
 
91,543
171,872
39,748
37,891
3,560
 
West
Virginia
.......................
69,741
6,581
10,062
10,062
1,723
 
70,389
6,388
9,832
9,832
2,048
 
Wisconsin
............................
144,234
103,228
54,214
52,740
287
 
146,060
103,548
54,963
53,418
205
 
Wyoming
.............................
11,124
17,633
 
 
950
 
10,940
17,004
 
 
1,058
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..........
13,991
 
 
 
 
 
13,344
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
................
75,723
6,814
88,720
85,507
9,987
395
76,262
7,657
91,483
88,429
9,842
403
American
Samoa
.................
 
909
 
 
 
 
 
1,172
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......................
 
772
 
 
 
 
 
1,506
 
 
 
 
Guam
...................................
3,748
2,010
 
 
 
 
3,894
1,833
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
..................
 
513
 
 
 
 
 
616
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..............
 
1,239
 
 
 
 
 
1,080
 
 
 
 
Palau
...................................
 
424
 
 
 
 
 
569
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.........................
69,329
947
88,720
85,507
9,987
395
69,626
881
91,483
88,429
9,842
403
Virgin
Islands
.......................
2,646
 
 
 
 
 
2,742
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
U.
S.
Service
Schools
in
1998
and
1999
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
232
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
198.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
enrollment
and
state:
1998
and
1999
State
or
other
area
Fall
1998
Fall
1999
Total
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
...................................................
14,506,967
12,436,937
302,473
1,767,557
14,791,224
12,681,231
303,190
1,806,803
Alabama
...............................................................
216,241
189,480
4,401
22,360
223,144
192,026
4,364
26,754
Alaska
...................................................................
27,652
26,199
 
1,453
26,948
25,369
 
1,579
Arizona
.................................................................
302,123
267,539
2,152
32,432
326,159
285,473
2,328
38,358
Arkansas
..............................................................
113,751
103,778
1,659
8,314
115,092
105,183
1,675
8,234
California
..............................................................
1,949,508
1,717,810
32,145
199,553
2,017,483
1,778,672
31,729
207,082
Colorado
...............................................................
257,247
215,053
3,276
38,918
261,744
217,822
3,245
40,677
Connecticut
..........................................................
153,336
120,151
3,429
29,756
156,907
123,419
3,497
29,991
Delaware
..............................................................
46,260
40,075
1,080
5,105
46,613
40,507
1,057
5,049
District
of
Columbia
..............................................
72,388
40,163
8,689
23,536
72,118
40,024
8,595
23,499
Florida
..................................................................
661,187
586,686
10,467
64,034
684,745
602,515
10,576
71,654
Georgia
.................................................................
303,685
255,958
10,698
37,029
311,812
263,366
9,821
38,625
Hawaii
...................................................................
61,615
53,942
469
7,204
62,578
53,991
486
8,101
Idaho
....................................................................
63,085
55,411
542
7,132
64,661
57,316
541
6,804
Illinois
...................................................................
729,084
615,341
16,870
96,873
733,182
618,649
16,690
97,843
Indiana
..................................................................
299,176
259,018
5,836
34,322
304,725
263,888
5,921
34,916
Iowa
......................................................................
181,944
158,933
6,609
16,402
186,780
163,729
6,779
16,272
Kansas
.................................................................
177,561
154,650
2,181
20,730
176,737
153,331
2,140
21,266
Kentucky
...............................................................
180,550
155,038
4,962
20,550
181,626
156,271
5,071
20,284
Louisiana
..............................................................
221,110
189,292
5,780
26,038
221,348
189,412
6,231
25,705
Maine
....................................................................
56,986
50,082
792
6,112
57,822
51,122
776
5,924
Maryland
...............................................................
265,173
216,498
4,203
44,472
268,820
219,172
4,157
45,491
Massachusetts
.....................................................
415,501
316,525
14,228
84,748
419,695
320,370
14,592
84,733
Michigan
...............................................................
557,011
473,829
10,277
72,905
558,998
474,676
10,309
74,013
Minnesota
.............................................................
271,612
234,089
6,063
31,460
282,756
243,640
6,157
32,959
Mississippi
............................................................
132,438
119,080
1,774
11,584
133,170
119,395
1,719
12,056
Missouri
................................................................
310,507
258,331
9,859
42,317
317,480
263,719
9,911
43,850
Montana
...............................................................
44,150
40,384
259
3,507
43,114
40,162
238
2,714
Nebraska
..............................................................
111,123
96,476
3,170
11,477
110,806
96,311
3,182
11,313
Nevada
.................................................................
83,120
74,439
345
8,336
89,711
80,834
481
8,396
New
Hampshire
....................................................
60,784
51,056
677
9,051
63,366
53,641
645
9,080
New
Jersey
..........................................................
325,885
277,403
5,113
43,369
330,537
280,649
5,564
44,324
New
Mexico
..........................................................
108,810
94,609
927
13,274
111,896
97,226
1,021
13,649
New
York
..............................................................
1,014,220
815,055
28,286
170,879
1,020,991
820,973
27,861
172,157
North
Carolina
......................................................
387,407
343,569
7,748
36,090
395,907
351,037
7,705
37,165
North
Dakota
........................................................
39,441
36,256
435
2,750
40,348
37,117
418
2,813
Ohio
......................................................................
542,077
463,755
12,517
65,805
548,545
469,558
12,719
66,268
Oklahoma
.............................................................
178,507
153,822
3,793
20,892
179,055
155,348
4,066
19,641
Oregon
.................................................................
171,056
149,407
3,950
17,699
175,635
153,373
4,074
18,188
Pennsylvania
........................................................
595,749
496,976
16,922
81,851
605,283
504,850
17,451
82,982
Rhode
Island
........................................................
73,970
63,597
932
9,441
74,821
64,370
1,055
9,396
South
Carolina
.....................................................
181,353
155,819
3,062
22,472
183,626
159,408
3,031
21,187
South
Dakota
.......................................................
41,545
36,591
579
4,375
42,147
37,384
558
4,205
Tennessee
............................................................
251,319
218,027
5,573
27,719
252,915
219,433
5,617
27,865
Texas
....................................................................
978,550
854,423
19,901
104,226
990,587
867,635
18,566
104,386
Utah
......................................................................
151,232
139,154
1,258
10,820
161,591
148,329
1,293
11,969
Vermont
................................................................
37,054
32,303
878
3,873
36,728
32,237
878
3,613
Virginia
.................................................................
370,142
313,878
7,527
48,737
377,970
322,241
7,723
48,006
Washington
..........................................................
298,974
271,474
4,236
23,264
306,723
278,426
4,420
23,877
West
Virginia
........................................................
88,107
76,066
1,522
10,519
88,657
77,104
1,648
9,905
Wisconsin
.............................................................
301,963
268,275
4,045
29,643
304,776
270,684
4,180
29,912
Wyoming
..............................................................
29,707
27,181
377
2,149
29,002
26,500
429
2,073
U.
S.
Service
Schools
...........................................
13,991
13,991
 
 
13,344
13,344
 
 
Outlying
areas
.................................................
181,244
164,369
3,105
13,770
185,244
167,581
3,269
14,394
American
Samoa
..................................................
909
909
 
 
1,172
1,172
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...........................
772
772
 
 
1,506
1,506
 
 
Guam
....................................................................
5,758
5,350
 
408
5,727
5,285
 
442
Marshall
Islands
...................................................
513
513
 
 
616
616
 
 
Northern
Marianas
...............................................
1,239
1,239
 
 
1,080
1,080
 
 
Palau
....................................................................
424
424
 
 
569
569
 
 
Puerto
Rico
..........................................................
168,983
152,703
3,105
13,175
171,832
154,814
3,269
13,749
Virgin
Islands
........................................................
2,646
2,459
 
187
2,742
2,539
 
203
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
U.
S.
Service
Schools
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
233
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
199.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
enrollment,
and
state:
1999
State
or
other
area
Public
Private
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
..................................
10,110,009
4,770,724
5,339,285
122,885
1,076,505
2,571,222
2,317,972
253,250
180,305
730,298
Alabama
..............................................
169,481
101,370
68,111
2,545
25,147
22,545
21,615
930
1,819
1,607
Alaska
..................................................
24,279
23,534
745
 
1,408
1,090
657
433
 
171
Arizona
................................................
250,332
78,995
171,337
1,585
24,351
35,141
27,546
7,595
743
14,007
Arkansas
.............................................
93,741
59,233
34,508
1,675
7,910
11,442
11,059
383
 
324
California
.............................................
1,575,268
421,140
1,154,128
7,696
109,643
203,404
170,038
33,366
24,033
97,439
Colorado
..............................................
187,793
107,532
80,261
1,921
29,722
30,029
24,917
5,112
1,324
10,955
Connecticut
.........................................
82,025
41,960
40,065
1,135
13,674
41,394
39,131
2,263
2,362
16,317
Delaware
.............................................
33,538
21,008
12,530
 
3,357
6,969
6,832
137
1,057
1,692
District
of
Columbia
.............................
4,944
4,944
 
168
237
35,080
35,080
 
8,427
23,262
Florida
.................................................
494,065
182,852
311,213
4,341
42,561
108,450
93,440
15,010
6,235
29,093
Georgia
................................................
206,456
134,976
71,480
3,303
27,652
56,910
52,979
3,931
6,518
10,973
Hawaii
..................................................
40,558
15,168
25,390
476
5,445
13,433
11,816
1,617
10
2,656
Idaho
...................................................
45,999
36,721
9,278
541
6,075
11,317
2,447
8,870
 
729
Illinois
..................................................
485,805
146,163
339,642
4,259
43,458
132,844
126,503
6,341
12,431
54,385
Indiana
.................................................
199,546
156,395
43,151
4,105
27,159
64,342
58,048
6,294
1,816
7,757
Iowa
.....................................................
118,126
53,140
64,986
3,306
12,321
45,603
43,052
2,551
3,473
3,951
Kansas
................................................
137,117
67,635
69,482
2,045
17,926
16,214
14,784
1,430
95
3,340
Kentucky
..............................................
126,663
84,351
42,312
3,012
16,883
29,608
24,417
5,191
2,059
3,401
Louisiana
.............................................
165,362
124,858
40,504
2,807
20,404
24,050
21,517
2,533
3,424
5,301
Maine
...................................................
36,328
28,500
7,828
266
3,755
14,794
13,178
1,616
510
2,169
Maryland
..............................................
192,517
87,978
104,539
3,357
24,935
26,655
25,892
763
800
20,556
Massachusetts
....................................
160,157
80,649
79,508
415
20,942
160,213
153,065
7,148
14,177
63,791
Michigan
..............................................
395,540
205,025
190,515
6,596
59,689
79,136
76,365
2,771
3,713
14,324
Minnesota
............................................
189,301
94,129
95,172
2,689
15,484
54,339
43,310
11,029
3,468
17,475
Mississippi
...........................................
109,458
50,699
58,759
1,297
10,614
9,937
9,079
858
422
1,442
Missouri
...............................................
178,273
99,456
78,817
2,683
18,368
85,446
77,998
7,448
7,228
25,482
Montana
..............................................
35,496
28,720
6,776
238
2,602
4,666
3,927
739
 
112
Nebraska
.............................................
77,582
42,005
35,577
1,309
9,495
18,729
16,930
1,799
1,873
1,818
Nevada
................................................
77,493
29,082
48,411
481
7,296
3,341
1,533
1,808
 
1,100
New
Hampshire
...................................
31,303
21,744
9,559
 
3,624
22,338
21,352
986
645
5,456
New
Jersey
.........................................
233,212
110,154
123,058
3,544
26,996
47,437
44,418
3,019
2,020
17,328
New
Mexico
.........................................
90,366
37,896
52,470
1,021
11,738
6,860
5,693
1,167
 
1,911
New
York
.............................................
501,662
269,874
231,788
4,604
60,040
319,311
297,799
21,512
23,257
112,117
North
Carolina
.....................................
289,704
129,375
160,329
3,155
28,452
61,333
59,781
1,552
4,550
8,713
North
Dakota
.......................................
32,980
24,218
8,762
418
2,542
4,137
3,625
512
 
271
Ohio
.....................................................
359,995
205,393
154,602
7,533
44,013
109,563
98,716
10,847
5,186
22,255
Oklahoma
............................................
136,252
76,758
59,494
2,734
16,375
19,096
16,632
2,464
1,332
3,266
Oregon
................................................
133,647
54,436
79,211
1,319
13,211
19,726
18,662
1,064
2,755
4,977
Pennsylvania
.......................................
295,490
196,284
99,206
5,039
36,401
209,360
175,464
33,896
12,412
46,581
Rhode
Island
.......................................
33,018
17,408
15,610
345
5,287
31,352
31,352
 
710
4,109
South
Carolina
....................................
132,475
66,091
66,384
2,177
18,844
26,933
25,616
1,317
854
2,343
South
Dakota
......................................
29,969
24,402
5,567
484
3,744
7,415
7,203
212
74
461
Tennessee
...........................................
171,448
96,277
75,171
2,776
19,422
47,985
43,636
4,349
2,841
8,443
Texas
...................................................
768,512
328,135
440,377
10,998
82,761
99,123
86,134
12,989
7,568
21,625
Utah
.....................................................
111,651
78,810
32,841
822
8,085
36,678
33,599
3,079
471
3,884
Vermont
...............................................
18,757
13,999
4,758
380
1,443
13,480
12,794
686
498
2,170
Virginia
................................................
267,578
131,317
136,261
4,661
39,297
54,663
47,901
6,762
3,062
8,709
Washington
.........................................
246,943
75,071
171,872
2,388
14,084
31,483
27,923
3,560
2,032
9,793
West
Virginia
.......................................
65,654
59,266
6,388
1,648
9,475
11,450
9,402
2,048
 
430
Wisconsin
............................................
227,364
123,816
103,548
2,159
20,085
43,320
43,115
205
2,021
9,827
Wyoming
.............................................
25,442
8,438
17,004
429
2,073
1,058
 
1,058
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..........................
13,344
13,344
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
................................
77,114
69,457
7,657
1,197
5,608
90,467
80,625
9,842
2,072
8,786
American
Samoa
.................................
1,172
 
1,172
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
1,506
 
1,506
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
...................................................
5,285
3,452
1,833
 
442
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
..................................
616
 
616
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..............................
1,080
 
1,080
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
...................................................
569
 
569
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.........................................
64,347
63,466
881
1,197
4,963
90,467
80,625
9,842
2,072
8,786
Virgin
Islands
.......................................
2,539
2,539
 
 
203
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
survey
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
234
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
200.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
enrollment,
and
state:
1998
State
or
other
area
Public
Private
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Undergraduate
First­
professional
Graduate
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
..................................
9,950,212
4,704,249
5,245,963
120,698
1,066,859
2,486,725
2,243,374
243,351
181,775
700,698
Alabama
..............................................
167,238
100,095
67,143
2,495
20,952
22,242
21,312
930
1,906
1,408
Alaska
..................................................
25,029
24,163
866
 
1,267
1,170
719
451
 
186
Arizona
................................................
241,905
77,745
164,160
1,554
24,643
25,634
19,572
6,062
598
7,789
Arkansas
.............................................
92,688
58,532
34,156
1,659
7,917
11,090
10,714
376
 
397
California
.............................................
1,532,530
410,729
1,121,801
7,812
105,987
185,280
155,360
29,920
24,333
93,566
Colorado
..............................................
185,695
105,495
80,200
1,919
28,737
29,358
24,651
4,707
1,357
10,181
Connecticut
.........................................
79,624
40,270
39,354
1,116
13,559
40,527
39,229
1,298
2,313
16,197
Delaware
.............................................
33,970
21,110
12,860
 
3,392
6,105
5,997
108
1,080
1,713
District
of
Columbia
.............................
4,997
4,997
 
158
255
35,166
35,166
 
8,531
23,281
Florida
.................................................
487,818
174,368
313,450
4,239
39,864
98,868
84,501
14,367
6,228
24,170
Georgia
................................................
200,547
131,298
69,249
3,214
26,167
55,411
51,498
3,913
7,484
10,862
Hawaii
..................................................
39,830
14,921
24,909
458
4,982
14,112
12,424
1,688
11
2,222
Idaho
...................................................
44,256
35,389
8,867
542
6,532
11,155
2,362
8,793
 
600
Illinois
..................................................
485,649
145,903
339,746
4,334
43,311
129,692
123,374
6,318
12,536
53,562
Indiana
.................................................
197,321
155,787
41,534
4,031
27,098
61,697
54,788
6,909
1,805
7,224
Iowa
.....................................................
113,697
52,230
61,467
3,266
12,339
45,236
44,208
1,028
3,343
4,063
Kansas
................................................
138,851
67,040
71,811
2,068
17,675
15,799
14,230
1,569
113
3,055
Kentucky
..............................................
125,811
84,848
40,963
3,071
17,462
29,227
24,632
4,595
1,891
3,088
Louisiana
.............................................
166,635
125,366
41,269
2,596
20,665
22,657
20,425
2,232
3,184
5,373
Maine
...................................................
34,612
26,826
7,786
292
3,732
15,470
13,759
1,711
500
2,380
Maryland
..............................................
191,066
86,607
104,459
3,431
24,558
25,432
24,253
1,179
772
19,914
Massachusetts
....................................
155,943
80,295
75,648
411
22,022
160,582
153,601
6,981
13,817
62,726
Michigan
..............................................
396,772
201,328
195,444
6,482
59,326
77,057
74,167
2,890
3,795
13,579
Minnesota
............................................
182,080
93,267
88,813
2,709
15,633
52,009
42,152
9,857
3,354
15,827
Mississippi
...........................................
109,350
50,869
58,481
1,313
10,168
9,730
8,791
939
461
1,416
Missouri
...............................................
173,952
98,133
75,819
2,613
17,897
84,379
76,709
7,670
7,246
24,420
Montana
..............................................
35,166
28,501
6,665
259
3,343
5,218
4,007
1,211
 
164
Nebraska
.............................................
78,058
42,487
35,571
1,377
9,605
18,418
17,115
1,303
1,793
1,872
Nevada
................................................
71,317
25,474
45,843
345
7,485
3,122
1,470
1,652
 
851
New
Hampshire
...................................
28,658
21,501
7,157
 
3,529
22,398
21,463
935
677
5,522
New
Jersey
.........................................
230,456
109,342
121,114
3,113
26,523
46,947
40,562
6,385
2,000
16,846
New
Mexico
.........................................
88,725
36,773
51,952
927
11,498
5,884
4,981
903
 
1,776
New
York
.............................................
502,920
268,590
234,330
4,492
59,790
312,135
290,338
21,797
23,794
111,089
North
Carolina
.....................................
283,092
127,940
155,152
3,147
27,871
60,477
59,663
814
4,601
8,219
North
Dakota
.......................................
32,344
23,756
8,588
435
2,485
3,912
3,584
328
 
265
Ohio
.....................................................
356,494
211,315
145,179
7,548
44,445
107,261
95,370
11,891
4,969
21,360
Oklahoma
............................................
135,676
75,443
60,233
2,402
17,718
18,146
15,927
2,219
1,391
3,174
Oregon
................................................
129,740
52,012
77,728
1,250
13,336
19,667
18,871
796
2,700
4,363
Pennsylvania
.......................................
296,520
195,294
101,226
4,972
36,555
200,456
169,585
30,871
11,950
45,296
Rhode
Island
.......................................
32,722
17,356
15,366
225
5,421
30,875
30,875
 
707
4,020
South
Carolina
....................................
129,958
65,706
64,252
2,151
20,433
25,861
24,203
1,658
911
2,039
South
Dakota
......................................
29,627
24,128
5,499
501
3,960
6,964
6,756
208
78
415
Tennessee
...........................................
170,869
94,905
75,964
2,823
19,701
47,158
42,247
4,911
2,750
8,018
Texas
...................................................
756,481
323,247
433,234
10,824
81,770
97,942
85,515
12,427
9,077
22,456
Utah
.....................................................
103,316
74,150
29,166
788
7,211
35,838
32,789
3,049
470
3,609
Vermont
...............................................
18,735
14,077
4,658
379
1,435
13,568
12,906
662
499
2,438
Virginia
................................................
260,275
127,744
132,531
4,612
40,568
53,603
47,057
6,546
2,915
8,169
Washington
.........................................
241,077
74,219
166,858
2,381
13,589
30,397
27,063
3,334
1,855
9,675
West
Virginia
.......................................
64,685
58,104
6,581
1,522
10,115
11,381
9,658
1,723
 
404
Wisconsin
............................................
225,213
121,985
103,228
2,065
20,184
43,062
42,775
287
1,980
9,459
Wyoming
.............................................
26,231
8,598
17,633
377
2,149
950
 
950
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..........................
13,991
13,991
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
................................
75,771
68,957
6,814
1,201
5,565
88,598
78,611
9,987
1,904
8,205
American
Samoa
.................................
909
 
909
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
772
 
772
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
...................................................
5,350
3,340
2,010
 
408
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
..................................
513
 
513
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..............................
1,239
 
1,239
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
...................................................
424
 
424
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.........................................
64,105
63,158
947
1,201
4,970
88,598
78,611
9,987
1,904
8,205
Virgin
Islands
.......................................
2,459
2,459
 
 
187
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1998''
survey
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
235
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
201.
 
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1969
to
1999
Year
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
1969
...............................
6,334,139
4,899,526
1,434,612
4,577,985
3,259,676
1,318,309
1,756,153
1,639,850
116,303
1970
...............................
6,737,817
5,145,410
1,592,404
4,953,149
3,468,572
1,484,577
1,784,665
1,676,838
107,827
1971
...............................
7,148,575
5,357,708
1,790,867
5,344,356
3,660,624
1,683,732
1,804,219
1,697,084
107,135
1972
...............................
7,253,712
5,406,792
1,846,921
5,452,851
3,706,238
1,746,613
1,800,862
1,700,554
100,308
1973
...............................
7,453,467
5,439,226
2,014,241
5,629,568
3,721,035
1,908,533
1,823,899
1,718,191
105,708
1974
...............................
7,805,454
5,606,248
2,199,206
5,944,799
3,847,542
2,097,257
1,860,655
1,758,706
101,949
1975
...............................
8,479,688
5,900,403
2,579,285
6,522,310
4,056,500
2,465,810
1,957,378
1,843,903
113,475
1976
...............................
8,312,502
5,848,001
2,464,501
6,349,903
3,998,450
2,351,453
1,962,599
1,849,551
113,048
1977
...............................
8,415,339
5,935,076
2,480,263
6,396,476
4,039,071
2,357,405
2,018,863
1,896,005
122,858
1978
...............................
8,348,482
5,932,357
2,416,125
6,279,199
3,996,126
2,283,073
2,069,283
1,936,231
133,052
1979
...............................
8,487,317
6,016,072
2,471,245
6,392,617
4,059,304
2,333,313
2,094,700
1,956,768
137,932
1980
...............................
8,819,013
6,161,372
2,657,641
6,642,294
4,158,267
2,484,027
2,176,719
2,003,105
2173,614
1981
...............................
9,014,521
6,249,847
2,764,674
6,781,300
4,208,506
2,572,794
2,233,221
2,041,341
2191,880
1982
...............................
9,091,648
6,248,923
2,842,725
6,850,589
4,220,648
2,629,941
2,241,059
2,028,275
212,784
1983
...............................
9,166,398
6,325,222
2,841,176
6,881,479
4,265,807
2,615,672
2,284,919
2,059,415
225,504
1984
...............................
8,951,695
6,292,711
2,658,984
6,684,664
4,237,895
2,446,769
2,267,031
2,054,816
212,215
1985
...............................
8,943,433
6,294,339
2,649,094
6,667,781
4,239,622
2,428,159
2,275,652
2,054,717
220,935
1986
...............................
9,064,165
6,360,325
2,703,842
6,778,045
4,295,494
2,482,551
2,286,122
2,064,831
3221,291
1987
...............................
9,229,736
6,486,504
2,743,230
6,937,690
4,395,728
2,541,961
2,292,045
2,090,776
201,269
1988
...............................
9,464,271
6,664,146
2,800,125
7,096,905
4,505,774
2,591,131
2,367,366
2,158,372
208,994
1989
...............................
9,780,881
6,813,602
2,967,279
7,371,590
4,619,828
2,751,762
2,409,291
2,193,774
215,517
1990
...............................
9,983,436
6,968,008
3,015,428
7,557,982
4,740,049
2,817,933
2,425,454
2,227,959
197,495
1991
...............................
10,360,606
7,081,454
3,279,152
7,862,845
4,795,704
3,067,141
2,497,761
2,285,750
212,011
1992
...............................
10,436,776
7,129,379
3,307,397
7,911,701
4,797,884
3,113,817
2,525,075
2,331,495
193,580
1993
...............................
10,351,415
7,120,921
3,230,494
7,812,394
4,765,983
3,046,411
2,539,021
2,354,938
184,083
1994
...............................
10,348,072
7,137,341
3,210,731
7,784,396
4,749,524
3,034,872
2,563,676
2,387,817
175,859
1995
...............................
10,334,956
7,172,844
3,162,112
7,751,815
4,757,223
2,994,592
2,583,141
2,415,621
167,520
1996
...............................
10,402,260
7,231,680
3,170,580
7,775,298
4,767,248
3,008,050
2,626,962
2,464,432
162,530
1997
...............................
10,484,726
7,320,206
3,164,520
7,839,374
4,813,152
3,026,222
2,645,352
2,507,054
138,298
Degree­
granting
institutions
4
1996
...............................
10,481,886
7,234,541
3,247,345
7,794,895
4,767,117
3,027,778
2,686,991
2,467,424
219,567
1997
...............................
10,615,028
7,338,794
3,276,234
7,869,764
4,813,849
3,055,915
2,745,264
2,524,945
220,319
1998
5
.............................
10,698,775
7,467,828
3,230,947
7,880,135
4,868,857
3,011,278
2,818,640
2,598,971
219,669
1999
6
.............................
10,943,609
7,638,976
3,304,633
8,020,074
4,944,554
3,075,520
2,923,535
2,694,422
229,113
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Large
increases
are
due
to
the
addition
of
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology
in
1980
and
1981.
3
Because
of
imputation
techniques,
data
are
not
consistent
with
figures
for
other
years.
4
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
5
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

6
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities;''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
236
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
202.
 
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
type
of
institution,
and
state:
1997
to
1999
State
or
other
area
Public
4­
year
Public
2­
year
Private
4­
year
Private
2­
year
1997
1998
1999
1997
1998
1999
1997
1998
1999
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
....................................
4,813,849
4,868,857
4,944,554
3,055,915
3,011,278
3,075,520
2,524,945
2,598,971
2,694,422
220,319
219,669
229,113
Alabama
................................................
101,863
103,208
106,355
52,497
46,231
46,002
21,323
22,246
22,695
961
777
768
Alaska
....................................................
16,925
16,490
16,097
311
346
309
575
702
645
356
333
283
Arizona
..................................................
85,153
85,572
86,582
79,407
82,375
86,901
22,412
25,248
39,280
7,139
5,978
7,495
Arkansas
................................................
52,430
56,742
57,367
23,685
21,455
22,291
10,246
10,325
10,654
494
358
356
California
...............................................
443,300
451,546
464,658
597,110
585,983
600,019
221,247
230,530
246,196
28,653
28,735
31,790
Colorado
................................................
106,894
107,805
109,956
40,555
41,545
41,422
27,097
28,301
28,949
4,387
4,330
4,882
Connecticut
...........................................
42,028
42,563
44,405
19,888
19,626
20,340
45,548
46,914
47,629
1,156
923
1,814
Delaware
...............................................
20,799
21,318
21,406
6,976
7,575
7,391
5,393
5,631
6,239
 
100
127
District
of
Columbia
...............................
3,105
3,322
3,251
 
 
 
55,635
55,192
54,604
 
 
 
Florida
....................................................
167,585
172,690
182,007
175,183
171,523
175,662
87,391
93,753
103,400
13,092
13,220
14,157
Georgia
..................................................
135,939
130,986
134,719
46,197
43,536
44,805
59,236
61,686
62,069
3,685
3,507
3,558
Hawaii
....................................................
17,079
16,839
17,249
15,515
15,649
15,887
10,907
11,206
11,512
1,578
1,620
1,542
Idaho
.....................................................
32,539
32,888
33,696
6,222
6,249
6,370
2,510
2,571
2,709
8,195
8,609
8,644
Illinois
.....................................................
160,767
163,015
163,870
190,362
188,334
186,937
145,286
151,232
155,459
5,294
5,029
4,968
Indiana
...................................................
149,174
152,068
153,878
23,233
23,999
24,794
56,500
57,419
60,501
6,626
5,781
5,413
Iowa
.......................................................
59,382
60,052
60,950
42,236
41,949
44,916
41,986
42,987
42,511
1,795
840
2,249
Kansas
...................................................
71,007
71,426
72,499
39,857
39,461
38,810
13,444
14,018
14,724
1,370
1,394
1,266
Kentucky
................................................
86,461
87,224
86,156
27,844
27,885
28,792
23,516
24,853
25,007
4,261
4,189
4,712
Louisiana
...............................................
126,343
127,181
127,210
28,016
28,571
28,214
23,516
24,936
26,144
2,126
2,153
2,440
Maine
.....................................................
22,449
22,908
24,137
4,695
4,789
4,832
12,668
12,764
12,670
1,535
1,577
1,400
Maryland
................................................
89,032
90,571
91,887
56,296
56,826
57,140
31,116
32,346
34,440
1,012
1,008
557
Massachusetts
.......................................
78,707
78,499
78,702
42,809
45,135
47,288
193,523
193,405
195,493
5,245
5,251
5,713
Michigan
................................................
211,724
215,660
219,679
100,988
101,694
100,096
66,600
69,721
72,402
1,294
2,058
1,946
Minnesota
..............................................
89,241
89,848
90,791
61,498
58,444
61,990
48,597
51,073
53,655
7,098
8,424
9,480
Mississippi
.............................................
54,389
54,751
54,665
44,511
46,043
46,019
9,131
9,209
9,456
787
868
746
Missouri
.................................................
94,466
96,156
97,598
42,885
44,342
46,645
79,111
80,883
82,925
6,061
7,164
6,932
Montana
................................................
28,442
28,536
28,219
4,812
4,842
4,820
3,455
3,476
3,399
1,006
953
488
Nebraska
...............................................
45,492
44,576
44,213
19,810
20,564
20,819
17,608
17,921
17,942
1,563
1,240
1,624
Nevada
..................................................
23,210
24,122
26,076
18,361
20,655
21,866
1,765
2,140
2,541
1,082
1,568
1,706
New
Hampshire
.....................................
21,317
20,736
20,932
4,988
4,098
5,094
21,447
21,857
21,481
857
703
856
New
Jersey
............................................
106,129
107,204
109,907
76,578
76,296
77,824
45,128
46,233
49,979
4,659
5,319
2,778
New
Mexico
...........................................
38,582
39,217
40,454
28,819
29,447
30,080
5,990
5,944
6,677
1,061
899
1,117
New
York
...............................................
260,085
266,682
269,086
170,646
162,469
161,750
347,681
353,651
361,951
23,777
19,602
19,459
North
Carolina
.......................................
135,100
136,205
138,499
84,846
92,767
96,813
63,943
65,758
66,258
737
703
1,216
North
Dakota
.........................................
23,682
23,586
24,046
7,024
7,082
7,158
3,373
3,627
3,677
274
317
488
Ohio
.......................................................
218,092
220,413
217,850
84,878
85,507
91,165
98,782
100,828
105,027
11,105
10,578
9,519
Oklahoma
..............................................
76,763
78,550
78,911
36,230
36,084
35,924
18,309
17,949
18,736
1,383
2,136
2,370
Oregon
...................................................
55,201
55,736
57,903
43,525
43,720
45,079
21,419
22,695
23,280
664
748
951
Pennsylvania
.........................................
203,498
206,618
208,225
58,214
58,786
58,158
185,103
188,721
196,191
27,110
28,026
30,548
Rhode
Island
.........................................
17,146
17,705
17,971
8,336
8,408
8,551
30,598
31,459
32,078
 
 
 
South
Carolina
......................................
72,462
73,958
73,915
38,493
39,245
40,938
23,307
24,290
25,792
1,772
1,572
1,238
South
Dakota
.........................................
23,571
23,240
23,258
4,176
4,617
4,706
4,988
6,064
6,412
123
120
113
Tennessee
.............................................
97,946
99,331
100,726
47,887
47,293
47,081
47,404
48,577
50,183
3,969
4,462
3,836
Texas
.....................................................
336,871
340,842
346,305
248,268
251,851
257,839
93,282
97,622
95,820
10,185
11,757
12,194
Utah
.......................................................
64,032
62,022
65,669
21,324
18,089
20,259
32,688
33,413
34,699
2,404
2,764
2,717
Vermont
.................................................
13,990
13,864
13,767
1,916
1,952
2,023
13,255
13,703
13,535
550
566
606
Virginia
...................................................
142,893
144,926
146,813
67,336
69,245
71,765
47,719
48,537
49,826
5,688
5,520
5,487
Washington
...........................................
80,700
81,459
82,373
116,030
106,691
109,968
31,175
33,025
33,913
3,505
3,058
3,337
West
Virginia
.........................................
56,618
57,227
58,016
4,566
4,382
4,211
9,123
9,010
8,901
1,512
1,676
2,004
Wisconsin
..............................................
124,851
127,251
128,938
56,471
56,652
57,068
42,889
43,320
44,156
328
206
165
Wyoming
................................................
9,435
9,532
9,368
11,358
10,971
10,689
 
 
 
805
950
1,058
U.
S.
Service
Schools
............................
18,960
13,991
13,344
22,247
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
..................................
64,072
67,302
67,772
5,662
4,505
5,307
74,110
75,842
77,929
9,279
9,127
8,806
American
Samoa
...................................
 
 
 
1,016
634
769
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
............
 
 
 
1,131
599
1,254
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
.....................................................
2,707
2,922
3,104
937
956
882
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
....................................
 
 
 
339
403
459
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
.................................
 
 
 
702
728
717
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
.....................................................
 
 
 
289
341
441
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
...........................................
59,597
62,585
62,801
1,248
844
785
74,110
75,842
77,929
9,279
9,127
8,806
Virgin
Islands
.........................................
1,768
1,795
1,867
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
U.
S.
Service
Schools
reflect
substantial
changes
in
survey
coverage
between
1997
and
1999.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
237
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
203.
 
Full­
time­
equivalent
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
state:
1980
to
1999
State
or
other
area
Total
Public
Private
1980
1
1985
1
1990
1
1997
2
1999
2,3
1990
1
1997
2
1999
2,3
1990
1
1997
2
1999
2,3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
......
8,819,013
8,943,433
9,983,436
10,615,028
10,943,609
7,557,982
7,869,764
8,020,074
2,425,454
2,745,264
2,923,535
Alabama
..................
138,910
149,895
174,610
176,644
175,820
154,343
154,360
152,357
20,267
22,284
23,463
Alaska
......................
10,073
14,098
18,496
18,167
17,334
17,087
17,236
16,406
1,409
931
928
Arizona
....................
127,114
134,954
167,617
194,111
220,258
153,500
164,560
173,483
14,117
29,551
46,775
Arkansas
.................
64,307
63,230
74,449
86,855
90,668
63,472
76,115
79,658
10,977
10,740
11,010
California
.................
1,099,559
1,062,439
1,156,288
1,290,310
1,342,663
979,663
1,040,410
1,064,677
176,625
249,900
277,986
Colorado
..................
123,589
121,804
159,032
178,933
185,209
138,350
147,449
151,378
20,682
31,484
33,831
Connecticut
.............
112,612
107,803
115,791
108,620
114,188
70,870
61,916
64,745
44,921
46,704
49,443
Delaware
.................
26,284
25,750
31,612
33,168
35,163
26,059
27,775
28,797
5,553
5,393
6,366
District
of
Columbia
62,126
58,945
61,549
58,740
57,855
7,294
3,105
3,251
54,255
55,635
54,604
Florida
.....................
290,647
308,315
383,385
443,251
475,226
302,579
342,768
357,669
80,806
100,483
117,557
Georgia
....................
152,369
161,952
198,549
245,057
245,151
149,115
182,136
179,524
49,434
62,921
65,627
Hawaii
......................
35,859
36,986
41,097
45,079
46,190
32,496
32,594
33,136
8,601
12,485
13,054
Idaho
.......................
33,938
32,649
41,275
49,466
51,419
31,408
38,761
40,066
9,867
10,705
11,353
Illinois
......................
432,365
450,504
493,364
501,709
511,234
353,247
351,129
350,807
140,117
150,580
160,427
Indiana
.....................
193,445
195,630
222,835
235,533
244,586
168,984
172,407
178,672
53,851
63,126
65,914
Iowa
.........................
120,083
128,492
138,565
145,399
150,626
95,772
101,618
105,866
42,793
43,781
44,760
Kansas
....................
101,147
100,807
118,969
125,678
127,299
106,570
110,864
111,309
12,399
14,814
15,990
Kentucky
..................
113,709
110,539
137,651
142,082
144,667
111,858
114,305
114,948
25,793
27,777
29,719
Louisiana
.................
132,780
148,983
154,132
180,001
184,008
129,357
154,359
155,424
24,775
25,642
28,584
Maine
.......................
34,471
37,993
42,021
41,347
43,039
29,876
27,144
28,969
12,145
14,203
14,070
Maryland
..................
149,202
148,091
169,972
177,456
184,024
141,950
145,328
149,027
28,022
32,128
34,997
Massachusetts
........
315,937
321,022
320,299
320,284
327,196
130,962
121,516
125,990
189,337
198,768
201,206
Michigan
..................
366,058
354,690
389,814
380,606
394,123
326,952
312,712
319,775
62,862
67,894
74,348
Minnesota
................
162,559
170,958
190,608
206,434
215,916
143,424
150,739
152,781
47,184
55,695
63,135
Mississippi
...............
85,621
86,846
103,957
108,818
110,886
92,269
98,900
100,684
11,688
9,918
10,202
Missouri
...................
180,156
178,090
210,104
222,523
234,100
142,953
137,351
144,243
67,151
85,172
89,857
Montana
..................
29,428
29,992
29,905
37,715
36,926
26,835
33,254
33,039
3,070
4,461
3,887
Nebraska
.................
68,505
70,778
80,989
84,473
84,598
65,739
65,302
65,032
15,250
19,171
19,566
Nevada
....................
22,467
23,093
33,814
44,418
52,189
33,392
41,571
47,942
422
2,847
4,247
New
Hampshire
.......
39,456
41,733
45,762
48,609
48,363
24,948
26,305
26,026
20,814
22,304
22,337
New
Jersey
.............
218,838
201,270
221,468
232,494
240,488
174,324
182,707
187,731
47,144
49,787
52,757
New
Mexico
.............
43,722
47,169
59,517
74,452
78,328
57,870
67,401
70,534
1,647
7,051
7,794
New
York
.................
760,305
763,596
798,696
802,189
812,246
446,379
430,731
430,836
352,317
371,458
381,410
North
Carolina
.........
235,266
249,901
269,025
284,626
302,786
208,321
219,946
235,312
60,704
64,680
67,474
North
Dakota
...........
30,188
32,456
33,118
34,353
35,369
30,276
30,706
31,204
2,842
3,647
4,165
Ohio
.........................
369,342
383,898
420,499
412,857
423,561
317,837
302,970
309,015
102,662
109,887
114,546
Oklahoma
................
115,701
126,691
128,203
132,685
135,941
108,933
112,993
114,835
19,270
19,692
21,106
Oregon
....................
110,649
102,247
120,176
120,809
127,213
101,424
98,726
102,982
18,752
22,083
24,231
Pennsylvania
...........
404,192
422,349
464,179
473,925
493,122
261,305
261,712
266,383
202,874
212,213
226,739
Rhode
Island
...........
50,628
53,016
60,168
56,080
58,600
28,804
25,482
26,522
31,364
30,598
32,078
South
Carolina
........
109,346
109,303
127,225
136,034
141,883
101,918
110,955
114,853
25,307
25,079
27,030
South
Dakota
..........
27,873
26,988
28,256
32,858
34,489
22,128
27,747
27,964
6,128
5,111
6,525
Tennessee
...............
161,058
152,967
175,961
197,206
201,826
130,184
145,833
147,807
45,777
51,373
54,019
Texas
.......................
527,724
566,736
637,742
688,606
712,158
553,436
585,139
604,144
84,306
103,467
108,014
Utah
.........................
78,199
84,095
94,012
120,448
123,344
63,495
85,356
85,928
30,517
35,092
37,416
Vermont
...................
25,572
25,649
29,072
29,711
29,931
16,048
15,906
15,790
13,024
13,805
14,141
Virginia
....................
199,549
204,928
251,708
263,636
273,891
202,285
210,229
218,578
49,423
53,407
55,313
Washington
.............
194,440
171,668
189,521
231,410
229,591
160,889
196,730
192,341
28,632
34,680
37,250
West
Virginia
...........
60,394
58,438
68,235
71,819
73,132
59,229
61,184
62,227
9,006
10,635
10,905
Wisconsin
................
206,790
211,749
229,975
224,539
230,327
192,107
181,322
186,006
37,868
43,217
44,321
Wyoming
.................
14,725
17,037
21,888
21,598
21,115
21,185
20,793
20,057
703
805
1,058
U.
S.
Service
Schools
4
..............
49,736
54,221
48,281
41,207
13,344
48,281
41,207
13,344
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
....
117,637
145,530
140,954
153,123
159,814
55,908
69,734
73,079
85,046
83,389
86,735
American
Samoa
.....
824
497
952
1,016
769
952
1,016
769
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...........
 
 
549
1,131
1,254
549
1,131
1,254
 
 
 
Guam
.......................
2,115
3,049
2,956
3,644
3,986
2,956
3,644
3,986
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
......
 
 
 
339
459
 
339
459
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..
 
183
376
702
717
376
702
717
 
 
 
Palau
.......................
 
 
423
289
441
423
289
441
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.............
113,285
139,627
134,193
144,234
150,321
49,147
60,845
63,586
85,046
83,389
86,735
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
..................
195
680
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
...........
1,218
1,494
1,505
1,768
1,867
1,505
1,768
1,867
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
4
Data
for
1999
reflect
substantial
change
in
survey
coverage.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
238
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
204.
 
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
Fall
1998
State
or
other
area
Students
enrolled
in
institutions
located
in
the
jurisdiction
1
Student
residents
of
state
Ratio
of
students
remaining
to
 
Migration
of
students
Attending
college
in
any
jurisdiction
2
Attending
college
in
home
jurisdiction
3
Students
enrolled
(
col.
4
/
col.
2)
Student
residents
(
col.
4
/
col.
3)
Out
of
(
col.
3
 
col.
4)
Into
(
col.
2
 
col.
4)
Net
(
col.
8
 
col.
7)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
...............................
2,207,674
2,164,336
1,801,674
0.82
0.83
362,662
406,000
4
43,338
Alabama
...........................................
37,821
34,112
30,913
0.82
0.91
3,199
6,908
3,709
Alaska
...............................................
2,511
3,909
1,925
0.77
0.49
1,984
586
 
1,398
Arizona
.............................................
41,042
35,385
32,631
0.80
0.92
2,754
8,411
5,657
Arkansas
...........................................
20,865
20,382
17,940
0.86
0.88
2,442
2,925
483
California
..........................................
211,835
209,483
192,784
0.91
0.92
16,699
19,051
2,352
Colorado
...........................................
37,772
34,943
29,203
0.77
0.84
5,740
8,569
2,829
Connecticut
.......................................
21,970
26,447
14,635
0.67
0.55
11,812
7,335
 
4,477
Delaware
..........................................
7,812
5,960
4,419
0.57
0.74
1,541
3,393
1,852
District
of
Columbia
..........................
8,843
2,774
1,163
0.13
0.42
1,611
7,680
6,069
Florida
...............................................
90,702
80,525
70,419
0.78
0.87
10,106
20,283
10,177
Georgia
.............................................
53,673
51,322
43,633
0.81
0.85
7,689
10,040
2,351
Hawaii
...............................................
9,519
10,550
8,075
0.85
0.77
2,475
1,444
 
1,031
Idaho
.................................................
11,078
10,234
7,945
0.72
0.78
2,289
3,133
844
Illinois
................................................
108,523
117,996
98,262
0.91
0.83
19,734
10,261
 
9,473
Indiana
..............................................
55,003
48,744
42,958
0.78
0.88
5,786
12,045
6,259
Iowa
..................................................
37,709
33,337
29,654
0.79
0.89
3,683
8,055
4,372
Kansas
..............................................
27,313
25,942
22,971
0.84
0.89
2,971
4,342
1,371
Kentucky
...........................................
30,299
29,284
25,331
0.84
0.87
3,953
4,968
1,015
Louisiana
..........................................
40,534
39,180
35,591
0.88
0.91
3,589
4,943
1,354
Maine
................................................
8,643
10,067
6,268
0.73
0.62
3,799
2,375
 
1,424
Maryland
...........................................
35,545
40,472
28,276
0.80
0.70
12,196
7,269
 
4,927
Massachusetts
..................................
63,290
53,001
38,672
0.61
0.73
14,329
24,618
10,289
Michigan
...........................................
79,681
79,774
72,072
0.90
0.90
7,702
7,609
 
93
Minnesota
.........................................
45,389
47,425
36,823
0.81
0.78
10,602
8,566
 
2,036
Mississippi
........................................
28,775
26,171
24,522
0.85
0.94
1,649
4,253
2,604
Missouri
............................................
44,062
41,078
34,762
0.79
0.85
6,316
9,300
2,984
Montana
............................................
7,904
8,280
6,285
0.80
0.76
1,995
1,619
 
376
Nebraska
..........................................
17,648
17,409
14,654
0.83
0.84
2,755
2,994
239
Nevada
.............................................
11,312
11,719
9,681
0.86
0.83
2,038
1,631
 
407
New
Hampshire
................................
10,505
9,833
5,424
0.52
0.55
4,409
5,081
672
New
Jersey
.......................................
48,577
68,705
43,466
0.89
0.63
25,239
5,111
 
20,128
New
Mexico
......................................
15,391
16,058
12,851
0.83
0.80
3,207
2,540
 
667
New
York
..........................................
156,824
156,560
129,493
0.83
0.83
27,067
27,331
264
North
Carolina
..................................
66,609
57,815
53,272
0.80
0.92
4,543
13,337
8,794
North
Dakota
....................................
8,293
6,879
5,653
0.68
0.82
1,226
2,640
1,414
Ohio
..................................................
95,958
92,600
80,638
0.84
0.87
11,962
15,320
3,358
Oklahoma
.........................................
31,732
30,132
27,200
0.86
0.90
2,932
4,532
1,600
Oregon
..............................................
22,523
21,790
17,474
0.78
0.80
4,316
5,049
733
Pennsylvania
....................................
112,067
104,475
87,418
0.78
0.84
17,057
24,649
7,592
Rhode
Island
....................................
14,372
9,048
6,412
0.45
0.71
2,636
7,960
5,324
South
Carolina
..................................
32,026
29,267
25,943
0.81
0.89
3,324
6,083
2,759
South
Dakota
....................................
8,504
8,497
6,634
0.78
0.78
1,863
1,870
7
Tennessee
........................................
38,508
35,219
29,738
0.77
0.84
5,481
8,770
3,289
Texas
................................................
157,599
157,632
144,669
0.92
0.92
12,963
12,930
 
33
Utah
..................................................
25,893
19,601
18,043
0.70
0.92
1,558
7,850
6,292
Vermont
............................................
6,812
4,993
2,693
0.40
0.54
2,300
4,119
1,819
Virginia
..............................................
51,131
46,721
37,296
0.73
0.80
9,425
13,835
4,410
Washington
.......................................
32,910
34,967
28,723
0.87
0.82
6,244
4,187
 
2,057
West
Virginia
....................................
16,129
14,401
12,011
0.74
0.83
2,390
4,118
1,728
Wisconsin
.........................................
49,859
47,779
40,818
0.82
0.85
6,961
9,041
2,080
Wyoming
...........................................
4,421
4,364
3,071
0.69
0.70
1,293
1,350
57
U.
S.
Service
Schools
........................
3,958
 
267
 
 
 
267
3,691
3,958
State
unknown
5
................................
 
31,095
 
 
 
31,095
 
 
31,095
Outlying
areas
34,572
37,161
34,080
0.99
0.92
3,081
492
 
2,589
American
Samoa
..............................
435
489
435
 
 
54
0
 
54
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
366
1,821
363
0.99
0.20
1,458
3
 
1,455
Guam
................................................
562
529
346
0.62
0.65
183
216
33
Marshall
Islands
...............................
190
207
177
0.93
0.86
30
13
 
17
Northern
Marianas
............................
117
136
109
0.93
0.80
27
8
 
19
Palau
................................................
140
111
97
0.69
0.87
14
43
29
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
32,448
33,115
32,257
0.99
0.97
858
191
 
667
Virgin
Islands
....................................
314
753
296
0.94
0.39
457
18
 
439
Foreign
countries
..............................
 
40,749
 
 
 
40,749
 
 
40,749
 
Not
available.

1
All
of
the
new
students
reported
by
the
institutions
in
that
state;
i.
e.,
all
in­
migrants
and
``
remaining''
students.

2
All
students
living
in
a
particular
state
when
admitted
to
an
institution
in
any
state.
Students
may
be
enrolled
in
any
state.

3
Students
who
attend
institutions
in
their
home
state.

4
Includes
students
coming
to
U.
S.
colleges
from
foreign
countries
and
the
outlying
areas.

5
Students
are
reported
in
``
state
unknown''
when
an
institution
is
unable
to
determine
the
student's
home
state.
NOTE:
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Includes
all
students
who
are
enrolled
at
the
reporting
institution
for
the
first
time.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey,
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
239
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
205.
 
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions
graduating
from
high
school
in
the
past
12
months,
by
state:
Fall
1998
State
or
other
area
Students
enrolled
in
institutions
located
in
the
jurisdiction
1
Student
residents
of
state
Ratio
of
students
remaining
to
 
Migration
of
students
Attending
college
in
any
jurisdiction
2
Attending
college
in
home
jurisdiction
3
Students
enrolled
(
col.
4/
col.
2)
Student
residents
(
col.
4/
col.
3)
Out
of
(
col.
3
 
col.
4)
Into
(
col.
2
 
col.
4)
Net
(
column
8
 
column
7)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
...............................
1,592,068
1,566,456
1,266,023
0.80
0.81
300,433
326,045
4
25,612
Alabama
...........................................
27,557
24,489
21,881
0.79
0.89
2,608
5,676
3,068
Alaska
...............................................
1,100
2,467
820
0.75
0.33
1,647
280
 
1,367
Arizona
.............................................
21,122
17,421
15,154
0.72
0.87
2,267
5,968
3,701
Arkansas
...........................................
15,662
15,083
13,193
0.84
0.87
1,890
2,469
579
California
..........................................
159,065
159,230
144,875
0.91
0.91
14,355
14,190
 
165
Colorado
...........................................
21,692
21,091
16,065
0.74
0.76
5,026
5,627
601
Connecticut
.......................................
17,208
21,399
10,429
0.61
0.49
10,970
6,779
 
4,191
Delaware
..........................................
6,573
4,786
3,391
0.52
0.71
1,395
3,182
1,787
District
of
Columbia
..........................
6,946
1,817
491
0.07
0.27
1,326
6,455
5,129
Florida
...............................................
60,621
55,423
46,857
0.77
0.85
8,566
13,764
5,198
Georgia
.............................................
40,580
38,771
32,298
0.80
0.83
6,473
8,282
1,809
Hawaii
...............................................
6,018
7,327
5,164
0.86
0.70
2,163
854
 
1,309
Idaho
.................................................
8,248
7,549
5,628
0.68
0.75
1,921
2,620
699
Illinois
................................................
72,180
81,379
63,964
0.89
0.79
17,415
8,216
 
9,199
Indiana
..............................................
44,777
38,482
33,745
0.75
0.88
4,737
11,032
6,295
Iowa
..................................................
26,589
23,257
20,068
0.75
0.86
3,189
6,521
3,332
Kansas
..............................................
19,410
18,242
15,813
0.81
0.87
2,429
3,597
1,168
Kentucky
...........................................
23,343
22,345
19,262
0.83
0.86
3,083
4,081
998
Louisiana
..........................................
30,305
28,945
25,993
0.86
0.90
2,952
4,312
1,360
Maine
................................................
6,300
7,691
4,348
0.69
0.57
3,343
1,952
 
1,391
Maryland
...........................................
24,985
29,323
18,671
0.75
0.64
10,652
6,314
 
4,338
Massachusetts
..................................
51,820
42,478
29,708
0.57
0.70
12,770
22,112
9,342
Michigan
...........................................
58,733
58,865
52,345
0.89
0.89
6,520
6,388
 
132
Minnesota
.........................................
32,695
34,612
25,762
0.79
0.74
8,850
6,933
 
1,917
Mississippi
........................................
18,589
16,858
15,489
0.83
0.92
1,369
3,100
1,731
Missouri
............................................
33,727
31,832
26,418
0.78
0.83
5,414
7,309
1,895
Montana
............................................
6,009
6,355
4,637
0.77
0.73
1,718
1,372
 
346
Nebraska
..........................................
13,320
13,231
10,800
0.81
0.82
2,431
2,520
89
Nevada
.............................................
4,260
5,000
3,260
0.77
0.65
1,740
1,000
 
740
New
Hampshire
................................
8,203
7,583
3,709
0.45
0.49
3,874
4,494
620
New
Jersey
.......................................
33,780
52,940
29,780
0.88
0.56
23,160
4,000
 
19,160
New
Mexico
......................................
10,592
11,344
8,712
0.82
0.77
2,632
1,880
 
752
New
York
..........................................
114,550
116,505
92,031
0.80
0.79
24,474
22,519
 
1,955
North
Carolina
..................................
48,113
40,558
37,149
0.77
0.92
3,409
10,964
7,555
North
Dakota
....................................
7,390
5,976
5,036
0.68
0.84
940
2,354
1,414
Ohio
..................................................
69,803
68,504
58,080
0.83
0.85
10,424
11,723
1,299
Oklahoma
.........................................
19,236
18,493
16,104
0.84
0.87
2,389
3,132
743
Oregon
..............................................
14,526
14,442
10,610
0.73
0.73
3,832
3,916
84
Pennsylvania
....................................
87,333
80,065
65,180
0.75
0.81
14,885
22,153
7,268
Rhode
Island
....................................
10,862
6,416
4,047
0.37
0.63
2,369
6,815
4,446
South
Carolina
..................................
23,575
21,050
18,284
0.78
0.87
2,766
5,291
2,525
South
Dakota
....................................
5,944
6,108
4,491
0.76
0.74
1,617
1,453
 
164
Tennessee
........................................
29,948
26,997
22,337
0.75
0.83
4,660
7,611
2,951
Texas
................................................
102,209
106,387
95,148
0.93
0.89
11,239
7,061
 
4,178
Utah
..................................................
18,241
13,451
12,163
0.67
0.90
1,288
6,078
4,790
Vermont
............................................
5,379
3,811
1,768
0.33
0.46
2,043
3,611
1,568
Virginia
..............................................
40,356
37,488
29,277
0.73
0.78
8,211
11,079
2,868
Washington
.......................................
28,049
29,726
24,533
0.87
0.83
5,193
3,516
 
1,677
West
Virginia
....................................
12,931
11,152
9,371
0.72
0.84
1,781
3,560
1,779
Wisconsin
.........................................
34,964
35,167
29,015
0.83
0.83
6,152
5,949
 
203
Wyoming
...........................................
3,508
3,494
2,456
0.70
0.70
1,038
1,052
14
U.
S.
Service
Schools
........................
3,142
 
213
 
 
 
213
2,929
3,142
State
unknown
5
................................
 
13,051
 
 
 
13,051
 
 
13,051
Outlying
areas
30,891
32,297
30,569
0.99
0.95
1,728
322
 
1,406
American
Samoa
..............................
435
481
435
 
 
46
0
 
46
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
348
824
346
0.99
0.42
478
2
 
476
Guam
................................................
453
437
284
0.63
0.65
153
169
16
Marshall
Islands
...............................
177
180
165
0.93
0.92
15
12
 
3
Northern
Marianas
............................
95
118
95
1.00
0.81
23
0
 
23
Palau
................................................
139
106
97
0.70
0.92
9
42
33
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
28,969
29,522
28,889
1.00
0.98
633
80
 
553
Virgin
Islands
....................................
275
629
258
0.94
0.41
371
17
 
354
Foreign
countries
..............................
 
24,206
 
 
 
24,206
 
 
24,206
 
Not
available.
1
All
of
the
new
students
reported
by
the
institutions
in
that
state;
i.
e.,
all
in­
migrants
and
``
remaining''
students.
2
All
students
living
in
a
particular
state
when
admitted
to
an
institution
in
any
state.
Students
may
be
enrolled
in
any
state.
3
Students
who
attend
institutions
in
their
home
state.
4
Includes
students
coming
to
U.
S.
colleges
from
foreign
countries
and
the
outlying
areas.
5
Students
are
reported
in
``
state
unknown''
when
an
institution
is
unable
to
determine
the
student's
home
state.
NOTE:
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Includes
all
students
who
are
enrolled
at
the
reporting
institution
for
the
first
time.
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey,
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
240
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
206.
 
Residence
and
migration
of
all
freshmen
students
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
graduating
from
high
school
in
the
past
12
months,
by
state:
Fall
1998
State
or
other
area
Students
enrolled
in
institutions
located
in
the
jurisdiction
1
Student
residents
of
state
Ratio
of
students
remaining
to
 
Migration
of
students
Attending
college
in
any
jurisdiction
2
Attending
college
in
home
jurisdiction
3
Students
enrolled
(
col.
4
/
col.
2)
Student
residents
(
col.
4
/
col.
3)
Out
of
(
col.
3
 
col.
4)
Into
(
col.
2
 
col.
4)
Net
(
col.
8
 
col.
7)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
United
States
...............................
1,094,747
1,073,274
797,159
0.73
0.74
276,115
297,588
4
21,473
Alabama
...........................................
17,589
14,837
12,483
0.71
0.84
2,354
5,106
2,752
Alaska
...............................................
1,053
2,266
773
0.73
0.34
1,493
280
 
1,213
Arizona
.............................................
12,787
10,386
8,355
0.65
0.80
2,031
4,432
2,401
Arkansas
...........................................
12,174
11,332
9,817
0.81
0.87
1,515
2,357
842
California
..........................................
78,536
81,261
67,878
0.86
0.84
13,383
10,658
 
2,725
Colorado
...........................................
17,527
17,135
12,509
0.71
0.73
4,626
5,018
392
Connecticut
.......................................
14,193
18,206
7,455
0.53
0.41
10,751
6,738
 
4,013
Delaware
..........................................
5,585
3,802
2,475
0.44
0.65
1,327
3,110
1,783
District
of
Columbia
..........................
6,946
1,748
491
0.07
0.28
1,257
6,455
5,198
Florida
...............................................
34,934
31,192
23,179
0.66
0.74
8,013
11,755
3,742
Georgia
.............................................
30,044
28,630
22,547
0.75
0.79
6,083
7,497
1,414
Hawaii
...............................................
2,738
4,012
1,964
0.72
0.49
2,048
774
 
1,274
Idaho
.................................................
4,922
5,524
3,924
0.80
0.71
1,600
998
 
602
Illinois
................................................
41,814
50,524
34,170
0.82
0.68
16,354
7,644
 
8,710
Indiana
..............................................
39,045
32,624
28,424
0.73
0.87
4,200
10,621
6,421
Iowa
..................................................
16,933
14,078
11,121
0.66
0.79
2,957
5,812
2,855
Kansas
..............................................
12,368
11,860
9,572
0.77
0.81
2,288
2,796
508
Kentucky
...........................................
17,179
16,191
13,371
0.78
0.83
2,820
3,808
988
Louisiana
..........................................
25,431
23,740
21,151
0.83
0.89
2,589
4,280
1,691
Maine
................................................
5,158
6,507
3,247
0.63
0.50
3,260
1,911
 
1,349
Maryland
...........................................
15,941
20,434
10,073
0.63
0.49
10,361
5,868
 
4,493
Massachusetts
..................................
41,054
32,228
19,754
0.48
0.61
12,474
21,300
8,826
Michigan
...........................................
43,150
43,197
37,161
0.86
0.86
6,036
5,989
 
47
Minnesota
.........................................
20,801
22,830
14,981
0.72
0.66
7,849
5,820
 
2,029
Mississippi
........................................
8,528
7,084
5,845
0.69
0.83
1,239
2,683
1,444
Missouri
............................................
24,026
22,119
17,367
0.72
0.79
4,752
6,659
1,907
Montana
............................................
5,013
5,057
3,693
0.74
0.73
1,364
1,320
 
44
Nebraska
..........................................
9,893
9,661
7,548
0.76
0.78
2,113
2,345
232
Nevada
.............................................
3,099
3,630
2,218
0.72
0.61
1,412
881
 
531
New
Hampshire
................................
7,319
6,561
2,935
0.40
0.45
3,626
4,384
758
New
Jersey
.......................................
20,500
39,444
16,796
0.82
0.43
22,648
3,704
 
18,944
New
Mexico
......................................
6,243
7,334
4,947
0.79
0.67
2,387
1,296
 
1,091
New
York
..........................................
86,079
88,084
64,271
0.75
0.73
23,813
21,808
 
2,005
North
Carolina
..................................
34,453
27,068
23,921
0.69
0.88
3,147
10,532
7,385
North
Dakota
....................................
4,796
3,719
2,846
0.59
0.77
873
1,950
1,077
Ohio
..................................................
54,020
53,005
43,113
0.80
0.81
9,892
10,907
1,015
Oklahoma
.........................................
12,312
11,628
9,524
0.77
0.82
2,104
2,788
684
Oregon
..............................................
9,488
9,782
6,313
0.67
0.65
3,469
3,175
 
294
Pennsylvania
....................................
69,166
61,764
47,974
0.69
0.78
13,790
21,192
7,402
Rhode
Island
....................................
9,281
4,873
2,614
0.28
0.54
2,259
6,667
4,408
South
Carolina
..................................
16,764
14,243
11,666
0.70
0.82
2,577
5,098
2,521
South
Dakota
....................................
4,751
4,779
3,413
0.72
0.71
1,366
1,338
 
28
Tennessee
........................................
22,491
19,470
15,099
0.67
0.78
4,371
7,392
3,021
Texas
................................................
60,440
65,570
55,019
0.91
0.84
10,551
5,421
 
5,130
Utah
..................................................
13,410
8,650
7,901
0.59
0.91
749
5,509
4,760
Vermont
............................................
5,207
3,540
1,616
0.31
0.46
1,924
3,591
1,667
Virginia
..............................................
31,620
28,850
21,011
0.66
0.73
7,839
10,609
2,770
Washington
.......................................
15,042
16,457
11,777
0.78
0.72
4,680
3,265
 
1,415
West
Virginia
....................................
11,780
9,905
8,416
0.71
0.85
1,489
3,364
1,875
Wisconsin
.........................................
26,804
27,200
21,495
0.80
0.79
5,705
5,309
 
396
Wyoming
...........................................
1,178
1,640
733
0.62
0.45
907
445
 
462
U.
S.
Service
Schools
........................
3,142
 
213
 
 
 
213
2,929
3,142
State
unknown
5
................................
 
7,613
 
 
 
7,613
 
 
7,613
Outlying
areas
27,051
28,011
26,843
0.99
0.96
1,168
208
 
960
American
Samoa
..............................
 
33
 
 
 
33
 
 
33
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
 
26
 
 
 
26
 
 
26
Guam
................................................
452
422
284
0.63
0.67
138
168
30
Marshall
Islands
...............................
 
7
 
 
 
7
 
 
7
Northern
Marianas
............................
 
19
 
 
 
19
 
 
19
Palau
................................................
 
9
 
 
 
9
 
 
9
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
26,324
26,875
26,301
1.00
0.98
574
23
 
551
Virgin
Islands
....................................
275
620
258
0.94
0.42
362
17
 
345
Foreign
countries
..............................
 
20,513
 
 
 
20,513
 
 
20,513
 
Not
available.
1
All
of
the
new
students
reported
by
the
institutions
in
that
state;
i.
e.,
all
in­
migrants
and
``
remaining''
students.
2
All
students
living
in
a
particular
state
when
admitted
to
an
institution
in
any
state.
Students
may
be
enrolled
in
any
state.
3
Students
who
attend
institutions
in
their
home
state.
4
Includes
students
coming
to
U.
S.
colleges
from
foreign
countries
and
the
outlying
areas.
5
Students
are
reported
in
``
state
unknown''
when
an
institution
is
unable
to
determine
the
student's
home
state.
NOTE:
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Includes
all
students
who
are
enrolled
at
the
reporting
institution
for
the
first
time.
Data
are
for
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey,
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
241
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
207.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1976
to
1999
Type
and
control
of
institution
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student
Institutions
of
higher
education,
in
thousands
1
Degree­
granting
institutions,
in
thousands
2
Percentage
distribution
of
students
3
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
All
students
Total
..................................
10,985.6
12,086.8
13,818.6
14,261.8
14,367.5
14,502.3
14,507.0
14,791.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
9,076.1
9,833.0
10,722.5
10,311.2
10,263.9
10,266.1
10,178.8
10,262.5
84.3
83.5
79.9
74.7
73.8
73.1
72.4
71.9
Total
minority
.........................
1,690.8
1,948.8
2,704.7
3,496.2
3,637.4
3,771.2
3,884.7
4,012.3
15.7
16.5
20.1
25.3
26.2
26.9
27.6
28.1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
1,033.0
1,106.8
1,247.0
1,473.7
1,505.6
1,551.0
1,582.9
1,640.7
9.6
9.4
9.3
10.7
10.8
11.0
11.3
11.5
Hispanic
............................
383.8
471.7
782.4
1,093.8
1,166.1
1,218.5
1,257.1
1,316.6
3.6
4.0
5.8
7.9
8.4
8.7
8.9
9.2
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
197.9
286.4
572.4
797.4
828.2
859.2
900.5
909.7
1.8
2.4
4.3
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.4
6.4
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
76.1
83.9
102.8
131.3
137.6
142.5
144.2
145.3
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Nonresident
alien
..................
218.7
305.0
391.5
454.4
466.3
465.0
443.5
516.4
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Public
Total
..................................
8,641.0
9,456.4
10,844.7
11,092.4
11,120.5
11,196.1
11,137.8
11,309.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
7,094.5
7,656.1
8,385.4
7,945.4
7,871.9
7,857.8
7,750.6
7,794.7
83.5
82.7
79.2
73.6
72.8
72.1
71.3
71.0
Total
minority
.........................
1,401.2
1,596.2
2,199.2
2,849.5
2,944.8
3,040.9
3,112.4
3,188.6
16.5
17.3
20.8
26.4
27.2
27.9
28.7
29.0
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
831.2
876.1
976.4
1,160.6
1,177.4
1,205.3
1,218.8
1,252.4
9.8
9.5
9.2
10.8
10.9
11.1
11.2
11.4
Hispanic
............................
336.8
406.2
671.4
937.1
990.7
1,031.6
1,057.8
1,097.8
4.0
4.4
6.3
8.7
9.2
9.5
9.7
10.0
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
165.7
239.7
461.0
638.0
657.9
680.4
713.2
714.4
2.0
2.6
4.4
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.6
6.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
67.5
74.2
90.4
113.8
118.8
123.6
122.6
124.1
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
Nonresident
alien
..................
145.3
204.2
260.0
297.5
303.8
297.3
274.9
326.0
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
Private
Total
..................................
2,344.6
2,630.4
2,973.9
3,169.4
3,247.0
3,306.2
3,369.2
3,481.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
1,981.6
2,176.9
2,337.0
2,365.9
2,392.0
2,408.3
2,428.3
2,467.7
87.3
86.1
82.2
78.5
77.5
76.7
75.9
75.0
Total
minority
.........................
289.6
352.7
505.5
646.6
692.6
730.3
772.3
823.7
12.7
13.9
17.8
21.5
22.5
23.3
24.1
25.0
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
201.8
230.7
270.6
313.0
328.1
345.8
364.2
388.4
8.9
9.1
9.5
10.4
10.6
11.0
11.4
11.8
Hispanic
............................
47.0
65.6
111.0
156.8
175.4
186.9
199.3
218.8
2.1
2.6
3.9
5.2
5.7
6.0
6.2
6.6
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
32.2
46.7
111.5
159.4
170.3
178.8
187.3
195.3
1.4
1.8
3.9
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
5.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
8.6
9.7
12.4
17.5
18.8
18.8
21.5
21.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.6
Nonresident
alien
..................
73.4
100.8
131.4
156.9
162.5
167.7
168.7
190.4
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

4­
year
Total
..................................
7,106.5
7,565.4
8,578.6
8,769.3
8,804.2
8,896.8
9,017.7
9,198.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
5,999.0
6,274.5
6,768.1
6,517.2
6,483.1
6,496.1
6,537.5
6,592.2
86.6
85.7
82.0
77.6
76.9
76.3
75.8
75.2
Total
minority
.........................
931.0
1,049.9
1,486.1
1,885.8
1,946.8
2,016.4
2,091.6
2,170.6
13.4
14.3
18.0
22.4
23.1
23.7
24.2
24.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
603.7
634.3
722.8
852.2
869.6
896.4
927.6
962.0
8.7
8.7
8.8
10.1
10.3
10.5
10.7
11.0
Hispanic
............................
173.6
216.6
358.2
485.5
508.8
530.0
552.9
581.5
2.5
3.0
4.3
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.6
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
118.7
162.1
357.2
482.4
501.1
518.5
538.5
553.9
1.7
2.2
4.3
5.7
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.3
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
35.0
36.9
47.9
65.7
67.3
71.5
72.6
73.2
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Nonresident
alien
..................
176.5
240.9
324.3
366.2
374.3
384.3
388.5
435.7
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
Public
....................................
4,892.9
5,127.6
5,848.2
5,814.5
5,806.0
5,835.4
5,891.8
5,970.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
4,120.2
4,243.0
4,605.6
4,303.3
4,258.7
4,249.6
4,267.0
4,286.9
86.1
85.1
81.5
76.8
76.2
75.7
75.3
74.9
Total
minority
....................
666.7
740.8
1,046.2
1,299.3
1,332.3
1,365.5
1,400.7
1,433.8
13.9
14.9
18.5
23.2
23.8
24.3
24.7
25.1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
421.8
438.2
495.1
572.5
580.1
589.0
602.0
614.6
8.8
8.8
8.8
10.2
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
Hispanic
........................
129.3
156.4
262.5
346.8
359.8
371.4
381.9
393.2
2.7
3.1
4.6
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.7
6.9
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
87.5
117.2
250.6
329.3
340.5
349.3
361.9
370.1
1.8
2.4
4.4
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.4
6.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
28.2
29.0
38.0
50.8
52.0
55.7
54.8
55.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
Nonresident
alien
..............
106.0
143.8
196.4
211.9
215.0
220.4
224.1
249.3
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
Private
..................................
2,213.6
2,437.8
2,730.3
2,954.7
2,998.2
3,061.3
3,125.8
3,228.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
1,878.8
2,031.5
2,162.5
2,213.9
2,224.4
2,246.5
2,270.5
2,305.3
87.7
86.8
83.1
79.1
78.4
77.5
76.7
75.8
Total
minority
....................
264.3
309.2
439.8
586.5
614.5
650.9
690.9
736.9
12.3
13.2
16.9
20.9
21.6
22.5
23.3
24.2
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
182.0
196.1
227.7
279.7
289.5
307.4
325.5
347.4
8.5
8.4
8.7
10.0
10.2
10.6
11.0
11.4
Hispanic
........................
44.3
60.2
95.7
138.7
149.0
158.6
171.0
188.2
2.1
2.6
3.7
5.0
5.2
5.5
5.8
6.2
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
31.2
44.9
106.6
153.2
160.7
169.2
176.6
183.8
1.5
1.9
4.1
5.5
5.7
5.8
6.0
6.0
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
6.8
7.9
9.9
14.9
15.3
15.8
17.8
17.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
Nonresident
alien
..............
70.5
97.1
127.9
154.3
159.3
163.9
164.4
186.4
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
2­
year
Total
..................................
3,879.1
4,521.4
5,240.1
5,492.5
5,563.3
5,605.6
5,489.3
5,592.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
3,077.1
3,558.5
3,954.3
3,794.0
3,780.8
3,770.0
3,641.3
3,670.3
80.2
79.8
76.4
70.2
69.1
68.2
67.0
66.6
Total
minority
.........................
759.8
898.9
1,218.6
1,610.4
1,690.6
1,754.8
1,793.0
1,841.7
19.8
20.2
23.6
29.8
30.9
31.8
33.0
33.4
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
429.3
472.5
524.3
621.5
636.0
654.6
655.4
678.7
11.2
10.6
10.1
11.5
11.6
11.8
12.1
12.3
Hispanic
............................
210.2
255.1
424.2
608.4
657.3
688.5
704.2
735.2
5.5
5.7
8.2
11.3
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.3
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
79.2
124.3
215.2
314.9
327.0
340.7
361.9
355.7
2.1
2.8
4.2
5.8
6.0
6.2
6.7
6.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
41.2
47.0
54.9
65.6
70.2
71.0
71.5
72.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
Nonresident
alien
..................
42.2
64.1
67.1
88.1
92.0
80.7
55.0
80.7
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
Public
....................................
3,748.1
4,328.8
4,996.5
5,277.8
5,314.5
5,360.7
5,246.0
5,339.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
2,974.3
3,413.1
3,779.8
3,642.1
3,613.2
3,608.3
3,483.6
3,507.9
80.2
80.0
76.6
70.1
69.1
68.3
67.1
66.7
Total
minority
....................
734.5
855.4
1,153.0
1,550.2
1,612.5
1,675.5
1,711.6
1,754.9
19.8
20.0
23.4
29.9
30.9
31.7
32.9
33.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
409.5
437.9
481.4
588.2
597.4
616.2
616.7
637.7
11.0
10.3
9.8
11.3
11.4
11.7
11.9
12.1
Hispanic
........................
207.5
249.8
408.9
590.3
631.0
660.2
675.9
704.5
5.6
5.9
8.3
11.4
12.1
12.5
13.0
13.4
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
78.2
122.5
210.3
308.7
317.5
331.1
351.3
344.3
2.1
2.9
4.3
5.9
6.1
6.3
6.8
6.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
39.3
45.2
52.4
63.0
66.7
67.9
67.8
68.4
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
Nonresident
alien
..............
39.2
60.3
63.6
85.6
88.8
77.0
50.8
76.7
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
Private
..................................
131.0
192.6
243.6
214.7
248.9
244.9
243.4
253.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
102.8
145.4
174.5
152.0
167.6
161.8
157.8
162.5
80.3
77.0
72.7
71.6
68.2
67.1
66.0
65.2
Total
minority
....................
25.3
43.5
65.6
60.2
78.1
79.3
81.4
86.8
19.7
23.0
27.3
28.4
31.8
32.9
34.0
34.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
19.8
34.6
42.9
33.3
38.6
38.4
38.6
41.0
15.5
18.3
17.9
15.7
15.7
15.9
16.2
16.4
Hispanic
........................
2.6
5.3
15.3
18.1
26.4
28.3
28.3
30.6
2.1
2.8
6.4
8.5
10.7
11.7
11.8
12.3
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
0.9
1.8
4.9
6.2
9.6
9.6
10.7
11.5
0.7
1.0
2.0
2.9
3.9
4.0
4.5
4.6
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.6
3.5
3.0
3.7
3.7
1.4
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.3
1.6
1.5
Nonresident
alien
..............
3.0
3.7
3.5
2.6
3.2
3.8
4.2
4.0
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Distribution
for
U.
S.
citizens
only.
4
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
Because
of
underreporting
and
nonreporting
of
racial/
ethnic
data,
some
figures
are
slightly
lower
than
corresponding
data
in
other
tables.
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
242
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
208.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
study,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1976
to
1999
Level
of
study,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student
Institutions
of
higher
education,
in
thousands
1
Degree­
granting
institutions,
in
thousands
2
Percentage
distribution
of
students
3
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
All
students
Total
..................................
10,985.6
12,086.8
13,818.6
14,261.8
14,367.5
14,502.3
14,507.0
14,791.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
9,076.1
9,833.0
10,722.5
10,311.2
10,263.9
10,266.1
10,178.8
10,262.5
84.3
83.5
79.9
74.7
73.8
73.1
72.4
71.9
Total
minority
.........................
1,690.8
1,948.8
2,704.7
3,496.2
3,637.4
3,771.2
3,884.7
4,012.3
15.7
16.5
20.1
25.3
26.2
26.9
27.6
28.1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
1,033.0
1,106.8
1,247.0
1,473.7
1,505.6
1,551.0
1,582.9
1,640.7
9.6
9.4
9.3
10.7
10.8
11.0
11.3
11.5
Hispanic
............................
383.8
471.7
782.4
1,093.8
1,166.1
1,218.5
1,257.1
1,316.6
3.6
4.0
5.8
7.9
8.4
8.7
8.9
9.2
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
197.9
286.4
572.4
797.4
828.2
859.2
900.5
909.7
1.8
2.4
4.3
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.4
6.4
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
76.1
83.9
102.8
131.3
137.6
142.5
144.2
145.3
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Nonresident
alien
..................
218.7
305.0
391.5
454.4
466.3
465.0
443.5
516.4
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Men
......................................
5,794.4
5,868.1
6,283.9
6,342.5
6,352.8
6,396.0
6,369.3
6,490.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
4,813.7
4,772.9
4,861.0
4,594.1
4,552.2
4,548.8
4,499.4
4,539.9
85.3
84.4
80.5
75.6
74.8
74.2
73.6
73.2
Total
minority
....................
826.6
884.4
1,176.6
1,484.2
1,533.4
1,582.3
1,615.2
1,659.1
14.7
15.6
19.5
24.4
25.2
25.8
26.4
26.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
469.9
463.7
484.7
555.9
564.1
579.8
584.0
603.0
8.3
8.2
8.0
9.1
9.3
9.5
9.6
9.7
Hispanic
........................
209.7
231.6
353.9
480.2
506.6
525.8
538.6
562.3
3.7
4.1
5.9
7.9
8.3
8.6
8.8
9.1
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
108.4
151.3
294.9
393.3
405.5
417.7
433.6
435.3
1.9
2.7
4.9
6.5
6.7
6.8
7.1
7.0
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
38.5
37.8
43.1
54.8
57.2
59.0
59.0
58.5
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.9
Nonresident
alien
..............
154.1
210.8
246.3
264.3
267.2
264.9
254.6
291.6
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Women
.................................
5,191.2
6,218.7
7,534.7
7,919.2
8,014.7
8,106.3
8,137.7
8,300.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
4,262.4
5,060.1
5,861.5
5,717.2
5,711.7
5,717.4
5,679.4
5,722.6
83.1
82.6
79.3
74.0
73.1
72.3
71.4
70.9
Total
minority
....................
864.2
1,064.4
1,528.1
2,012.0
2,104.0
2,188.9
2,269.4
2,353.2
16.9
17.4
20.7
26.0
26.9
27.7
28.6
29.1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
563.1
643.0
762.3
917.8
941.4
971.3
999.0
1,037.7
11.0
10.5
10.3
11.9
12.0
12.3
12.6
12.8
Hispanic
........................
174.1
240.1
428.5
613.7
659.5
692.7
718.5
754.4
3.4
3.9
5.8
7.9
8.4
8.8
9.0
9.3
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
89.4
135.2
277.5
404.1
422.6
441.5
466.9
474.4
1.7
2.2
3.8
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.9
5.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
37.6
46.1
59.7
76.5
80.4
83.4
85.1
86.8
0.7
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
Nonresident
alien
..............
64.6
94.2
145.2
190.1
199.0
200.1
188.9
224.8
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Full­
time
................................
6,703.6
7,088.9
7,821.0
8,128.8
8,303.0
8,438.1
8,563.3
8,786.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
5,512.6
5,717.0
6,016.5
5,833.8
5,906.1
5,960.1
6,022.8
6,133.9
84.2
83.4
79.9
74.9
74.3
73.8
73.3
73.1
Total
minority
....................
1,030.9
1,137.5
1,514.9
1,955.3
2,046.8
2,118.7
2,193.6
2,257.5
15.8
16.6
20.1
25.1
25.7
26.2
26.7
26.9
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
659.2
685.6
718.3
840.4
871.9
896.6
917.5
946.4
10.1
10.0
9.5
10.8
11.0
11.1
11.2
11.3
Hispanic
........................
211.1
247.0
394.7
553.2
588.8
614.0
636.3
666.7
3.2
3.6
5.2
7.1
7.4
7.6
7.7
7.9
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
117.7
162.0
347.4
488.7
508.5
526.6
557.0
561.4
1.8
2.4
4.6
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.8
6.7
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
43.0
43.0
54.4
73.0
77.5
81.5
82.8
83.1
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Nonresident
alien
..............
160.0
234.4
289.6
339.7
350.1
359.2
347.0
395.1
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Part­
time
...............................
4,282.1
4,997.9
5,997.7
6,133.0
6,064.6
6,064.3
5,943.6
6,004.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
3,563.5
4,116.0
4,706.0
4,477.4
4,357.8
4,306.0
4,156.0
4,128.6
84.4
83.5
79.8
74.4
73.3
72.3
71.1
70.2
Total
minority
....................
659.9
811.3
1,189.8
1,540.9
1,590.6
1,652.5
1,691.1
1,754.8
15.6
16.5
20.2
25.6
26.7
27.7
28.9
29.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
373.8
421.2
528.7
633.3
633.6
654.5
665.4
694.3
8.9
8.5
9.0
10.5
10.7
11.0
11.4
11.8
Hispanic
........................
172.7
224.8
387.7
540.7
577.3
604.5
620.8
649.9
4.1
4.6
6.6
9.0
9.7
10.1
10.6
11.0
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
80.2
124.4
225.1
308.6
319.6
332.6
343.5
348.3
1.9
2.5
3.8
5.1
5.4
5.6
5.9
5.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
33.1
40.9
48.4
58.3
60.0
61.0
61.3
62.2
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
Nonresident
alien
..............
58.7
70.6
101.8
114.7
116.2
105.8
96.5
121.4
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Undergraduate
Total
..................................
9,419.0
10,469.1
11,959.1
12,231.7
12,326.9
12,450.6
12,436.9
12,681.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
7,740.5
8,480.7
9,272.6
8,805.6
8,769.5
8,783.9
8,703.6
8,796.7
83.4
82.7
79.0
73.6
72.8
72.1
71.4
71.0
Total
minority
.........................
1,535.3
1,778.5
2,467.7
3,158.5
3,282.1
3,398.5
3,492.1
3,600.4
16.6
17.3
21.0
26.4
27.2
27.9
28.6
29.0
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
943.4
1,018.8
1,147.2
1,333.6
1,358.6
1,398.1
1,421.7
1,470.5
10.2
9.9
9.8
11.1
11.3
11.5
11.7
11.9
Hispanic
............................
352.9
433.1
724.6
1,012.0
1,079.4
1,125.9
1,159.8
1,212.3
3.8
4.2
6.2
8.5
9.0
9.2
9.5
9.8
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
169.3
248.7
500.5
692.2
717.6
743.7
778.3
784.3
1.8
2.4
4.3
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.4
6.3
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
69.7
77.9
95.5
120.7
126.5
130.8
132.2
133.3
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
Nonresident
alien
..................
143.2
209.9
218.7
267.6
275.3
268.2
241.3
284.2
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Men
......................................
4,896.8
4,997.4
5,379.8
5,401.1
5,420.7
5,468.5
5,446.1
5,559.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
4,052.2
4,054.9
4,184.4
3,918.1
3,890.8
3,899.3
3,861.8
3,914.9
84.4
83.5
79.6
74.5
73.8
73.2
72.6
72.4
Total
minority
....................
748.2
802.7
1,069.3
1,339.3
1,384.1
1,427.9
1,455.5
1,495.6
15.6
16.5
20.4
25.5
26.2
26.8
27.4
27.6
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
430.7
428.2
448.0
506.8
513.6
527.7
530.2
547.8
9.0
8.8
8.5
9.6
9.7
9.9
10.0
10.1
Hispanic
........................
191.7
211.2
326.9
444.2
469.2
486.7
498.2
519.8
4.0
4.3
6.2
8.4
8.9
9.1
9.4
9.6
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
91.1
128.5
254.5
338.1
348.8
359.4
373.0
374.1
1.9
2.6
4.8
6.4
6.6
6.7
7.0
6.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
34.8
34.8
39.9
50.2
52.4
54.1
54.2
53.9
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Nonresident
alien
..............
96.4
139.8
126.1
143.8
145.8
141.4
128.8
149.0
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Women
.................................
4,522.1
5,471.7
6,579.3
6,830.6
6,906.3
6,982.1
6,990.8
7,121.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
3,688.3
4,425.8
5,088.2
4,887.5
4,878.7
4,884.6
4,841.8
4,881.7
82.4
81.9
78.4
72.9
72.0
71.3
70.4
69.9
Total
minority
....................
787.0
975.8
1,398.5
1,819.2
1,898.1
1,970.6
2,036.5
2,104.9
17.6
18.1
21.6
27.1
28.0
28.7
29.6
30.1
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
512.7
590.6
699.2
826.9
845.0
870.3
891.5
922.7
11.5
10.9
10.8
12.3
12.5
12.7
13.0
13.2
Hispanic
........................
161.2
221.8
397.6
567.8
610.1
639.3
661.6
692.5
3.6
4.1
6.1
8.5
9.0
9.3
9.6
9.9
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
78.2
120.2
246.0
354.1
368.8
384.4
405.3
410.2
1.7
2.2
3.8
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.9
5.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
34.9
43.1
55.5
70.5
74.1
76.7
78.1
79.4
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
Nonresident
alien
..............
46.8
70.1
92.6
123.8
129.5
126.8
112.5
135.2
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
243
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
208.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
study,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1976
to
1999
 
Continued
Level
of
study,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student
Institutions
of
higher
education,
in
thousands
1
Degree­
granting
institutions,
in
thousands
2
Percentage
distribution
of
students
3
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1976
1980
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Graduate
Total
..................................
1,322.5
1,340.9
1,586.2
1,732.5
1,742.3
1,753.5
1,767.6
1,806.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
1,115.6
1,104.7
1228.4
1,282.3
1,272.6
1,261.8
1,254.3
1,246.2
89.2
88.5
86.6
82.6
81.6
80.7
79.8
78.7
Total
minority
.........................
134.5
144.0
190.5
270.7
286.3
302.3
318.5
336.4
10.8
11.5
13.4
17.4
18.4
19.3
20.2
21.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
78.5
75.1
83.9
118.6
125.5
131.6
138.7
147.8
6.3
6.0
5.9
7.6
8.0
8.4
8.8
9.3
Hispanic
............................
26.4
32.1
47.2
68.0
72.8
78.7
82.9
89.6
2.1
2.6
3.3
4.4
4.7
5.0
5.3
5.7
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
24.5
31.6
53.2
75.6
79.1
82.6
87.0
89.2
2.0
2.5
3.8
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.6
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
5.1
5.2
6.2
8.5
8.9
9.4
9.8
9.9
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Nonresident
alien
..................
72.4
92.2
167.3
179.5
183.3
189.4
194.8
224.2
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Men
......................................
707.9
672.2
737.4
767.5
759.4
757.9
754.3
766.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
589.1
538.5
538.8
541.6
529.0
520.4
510.4
501.1
90.2
89.2
86.8
83.1
82.3
81.4
80.6
79.7
Total
minority
....................
63.7
65.0
82.1
110.4
114.0
118.8
122.8
127.3
9.8
10.8
13.2
16.9
17.7
18.6
19.4
20.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
32.0
28.2
29.3
39.8
41.2
42.8
44.2
46.1
4.9
4.7
4.7
6.1
6.4
6.7
7.0
7.3
Hispanic
........................
14.6
15.7
20.6
28.2
29.6
31.5
32.6
34.7
2.2
2.6
3.3
4.3
4.6
4.9
5.1
5.5
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
14.4
18.6
29.7
39.0
39.7
40.7
42.3
42.8
2.2
3.1
4.8
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.7
6.8
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
2.7
2.5
2.6
3.4
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Nonresident
alien
..............
55.1
68.7
116.4
115.6
116.4
118.7
121.1
137.7
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Women
.................................
614.6
668.7
848.8
965.0
982.8
995.6
1,013.3
1,040.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
526.5
566.2
689.5
740.7
743.6
741.4
743.9
745.0
88.1
87.8
86.4
82.2
81.2
80.2
79.2
78.1
Total
minority
....................
70.8
79.0
108.3
160.3
172.3
183.5
195.6
209.1
11.9
12.2
13.6
17.8
18.8
19.8
20.8
21.9
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
46.5
46.9
54.6
78.8
84.3
88.8
94.5
101.6
7.8
7.3
6.8
8.7
9.2
9.6
10.1
10.7
Hispanic
........................
11.8
16.4
26.6
39.9
43.2
47.2
50.4
54.9
2.0
2.5
3.3
4.4
4.7
5.1
5.4
5.8
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
.......................
10.1
13.0
23.6
36.6
39.4
41.8
44.8
46.4
1.7
2.0
3.0
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.8
4.9
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
...................
2.4
2.7
3.6
5.0
5.3
5.7
6.0
6.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
Nonresident
alien
..............
17.3
23.5
50.9
63.9
66.9
70.7
73.7
86.6
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

First­
professional
Total
..................................
244.1
276.8
273.4
297.6
298.3
298.3
302.5
303.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
..............
220.0
247.7
221.5
223.3
221.7
220.4
220.9
219.7
91.3
90.4
82.6
76.9
76.3
75.8
74.9
74.4
Total
minority
.........................
21.1
26.3
46.5
67.0
69.0
70.4
74.1
75.5
8.7
9.6
17.4
23.1
23.7
24.2
25.1
25.6
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........
11.2
12.8
15.9
21.4
21.5
21.4
22.5
22.5
4.6
4.7
5.9
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.6
7.6
Hispanic
............................
4.5
6.5
10.7
13.8
13.9
13.9
14.4
14.7
1.9
2.4
4.0
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.0
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
...
4.1
6.1
18.7
29.6
31.4
32.9
35.1
36.2
1.7
2.2
7.0
10.2
10.8
11.3
11.9
12.3
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.............................
1.3
0.8
1.1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.7
Nonresident
alien
..................
3.1
2.9
5.4
7.3
7.6
7.5
7.4
8.0
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Men
......................................
189.6
198.5
166.8
173.9
172.7
169.6
168.8
165.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
172.4
179.5
137.8
134.4
132.3
129.1
127.2
123.9
92.1
91.5
84.5
79.5
78.9
78.3
77.5
77.4
Total
minority
....................
14.7
16.7
25.3
34.6
35.4
35.7
36.9
36.3
7.9
8.5
15.5
20.5
21.1
21.7
22.5
22.6
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
7.2
7.4
7.4
9.4
9.4
9.2
9.5
9.1
3.9
3.8
4.5
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.8
5.7
Hispanic
........................
3.5
4.6
6.4
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.8
7.7
1.9
2.4
3.9
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.8
4.8
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
.......................
2.9
4.1
10.8
16.2
17.1
17.6
18.4
18.4
1.6
2.1
6.6
9.6
10.2
10.7
11.2
11.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
...................
1.0
0.5
0.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
Nonresident
alien
..............
2.5
2.3
3.8
4.9
5.1
4.9
4.8
5.0
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

Women
.................................
54.5
78.4
106.6
123.7
125.6
128.6
133.6
138.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........
47.6
68.1
83.7
88.9
89.4
91.3
93.7
95.8
88.2
87.6
79.7
73.3
72.7
72.5
71.6
71.0
Total
minority
....................
6.4
9.6
21.3
32.4
33.6
34.7
37.3
39.2
11.8
12.4
20.3
26.7
27.3
27.5
28.4
29.0
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
3.9
5.5
8.5
12.1
12.1
12.1
12.9
13.4
7.3
7.0
8.1
10.0
9.8
9.6
9.9
9.9
Hispanic
........................
1.0
1.9
4.3
6.0
6.2
6.2
6.5
7.0
1.9
2.4
4.1
5.0
5.0
4.9
5.0
5.2
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
1.1
2.0
7.9
13.4
14.4
15.3
16.8
17.9
2.1
2.6
7.6
11.0
11.7
12.1
12.8
13.2
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
............
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Nonresident
alien
..............
0.5
0.6
1.6
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.6
3.1
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
higher
education
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Distribution
for
U.
S.
citizens
only.
4
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
Because
of
underreporting
and
nonreporting
of
racial/
ethnic
data,
some
figures
are
slightly
lower
than
corresponding
data
in
other
tables.
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
244
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
209.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level,
attendance
status,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
of
student:
1998
and
1999
Level
and
enrollment
status
1999
Percent
minority,
fall
1998
Total
Enrollment,
by
sex
Enrollment,
by
race/
ethnicity
1
Nonresident
alien
Male
Female
White
Total,
minority
Percent
minority
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
students
..........................................
14,791,224
6,490,646
8,300,578
10,262,485
4,012,301
28.1
1,640,746
1,316,616
909,658
145,281
516,438
27.6
Undergraduate,
full­
time
and
part­
time
.....
12,681,231
5,559,457
7,121,774
8,796,657
3,600,417
29.0
1,470,509
1,212,341
784,268
133,299
284,157
28.6
Degree
seeking
....................................
10,967,780
4,823,390
6,144,390
7,608,045
3,114,238
29.0
1,314,748
1,025,570
661,406
112,514
245,497
28.4
Percent
of
undergraduates
seeking
degrees
.................................
86.5
86.8
86.3
86.5
86.5
(
2)
89.4
84.6
84.3
84.4
86.4
(
2)
First­
time
freshmen
...........................
2,351,932
1,091,802
1,260,130
1,641,983
667,976
28.9
289,167
221,019
132,996
24,794
41,973
28.2
Other
first­
year
..................................
2,421,214
1,050,187
1,371,027
1,514,205
859,565
36.2
358,811
315,793
156,327
28,634
47,444
34.5
Second
year
......................................
2,854,278
1,204,473
1,649,805
2,018,430
780,229
27.9
334,445
259,520
154,967
31,297
55,619
28.4
Third
year
..........................................
1,460,326
643,706
816,620
1,061,895
356,637
25.1
148,574
102,937
93,209
11,917
41,794
24.7
Fourth
year
and
beyond
...................
1,782,764
793,179
989,585
1,298,415
429,723
24.9
172,372
121,384
120,893
15,074
54,626
24.4
Unclassified
by
level
.........................
97,266
40,043
57,223
73,117
20,108
21.6
11,379
4,917
3,014
798
4,041
21.1
Others
in
credit
courses
.......................
1,713,451
736,067
977,384
1,188,612
486,179
29.0
155,761
186,771
122,862
20,785
38,660
30.0
Full­
time
............................................
7,735,075
3,515,869
4,219,206
5,466,389
2,045,531
27.2
870,597
616,501
481,667
76,766
223,155
27.1
Degree
seeking
.............................
7,415,415
3,368,868
4,046,547
5,265,701
1,945,544
27.0
836,594
579,286
457,266
72,398
204,170
26.8
First­
time
freshmen
....................
1,845,407
863,377
982,030
1,321,406
487,219
26.9
218,336
147,126
103,631
18,126
36,782
26.8
Other
first­
year
...........................
1,197,491
550,357
647,134
759,694
401,511
34.6
182,130
132,075
72,589
14,717
36,286
33.7
Second
year
...............................
1,807,686
805,204
1,002,482
1,305,539
455,564
25.9
195,476
136,170
105,264
18,654
46,583
26.3
Third
year
...................................
1,204,771
542,585
662,186
883,875
282,730
24.2
114,511
78,230
80,445
9,544
38,166
23.9
Fourth
year
and
beyond
............
1,332,644
596,000
736,644
977,224
311,117
24.1
121,238
84,396
94,397
11,086
44,303
23.9
Unclassified
by
level
..................
27,416
11,345
16,071
17,963
7,403
29.2
4,903
1,289
940
271
2,050
29.6
Others
in
credit
courses
................
319,660
147,001
172,659
200,688
99,987
33.3
34,003
37,215
24,401
4,368
18,985
35.0
Part­
time
............................................
4,946,156
2,043,588
2,902,568
3,330,268
1,554,886
31.8
599,912
595,840
302,601
56,533
61,002
30.9
Degree
seeking
.............................
3,552,365
1,454,522
2,097,843
2,342,344
1,168,694
33.3
478,154
446,284
204,140
40,116
41,327
31.8
First­
time
freshmen
....................
506,525
228,425
278,100
320,577
180,757
36.1
70,831
73,893
29,365
6,668
5,191
33.9
Other
first­
year
...........................
1,223,723
499,830
723,893
754,511
458,054
37.8
176,681
183,718
83,738
13,917
11,158
35.2
Second
year
...............................
1,046,592
399,269
647,323
712,891
324,665
31.3
138,969
123,350
49,703
12,643
9,036
31.7
Third
year
...................................
255,555
101,121
154,434
178,020
73,907
29.3
34,063
24,707
12,764
2,373
3,628
28.1
Fourth
year
and
beyond
............
450,120
197,179
252,941
321,191
118,606
27.0
51,134
36,988
26,496
3,988
10,323
26.1
Unclassified
by
level
..................
69,850
28,698
41,152
55,154
12,705
18.7
6,476
3,628
2,074
527
1,991
17.9
Others
in
credit
courses
................
1,393,791
589,066
804,725
987,924
386,192
28.1
121,758
149,556
98,461
16,417
19,675
28.9
Postbaccalaureate
.....................................
2,109,993
931,189
1,178,804
1,465,828
411,884
21.9
170,237
104,275
125,390
11,982
232,281
21.0
First­
professional
..................................
303,190
165,134
138,056
219,677
75,475
25.6
22,469
14,682
36,226
2,098
8,038
25.1
First­
time
...........................................
88,911
47,379
41,532
64,137
22,005
25.5
6,703
4,569
10,131
602
2,769
25.7
Other
.................................................
214,279
117,755
96,524
155,540
53,470
25.6
15,766
10,113
26,095
1,496
5,269
24.9
Full­
time
............................................
270,581
146,613
123,968
195,032
68,158
25.9
18,906
13,086
34,288
1,878
7,391
25.4
First­
time
........................................
79,089
41,902
37,187
56,812
19,678
25.7
5,483
4,046
9,613
536
2,599
25.8
Other
..............................................
191,492
104,711
86,781
138,220
48,480
26.0
13,423
9,040
24,675
1,342
4,792
25.2
Part­
time
............................................
32,609
18,521
14,088
24,645
7,317
22.9
3,563
1,596
1,938
220
647
23.1
First­
time
........................................
9,822
5,477
4,345
7,325
2,327
24.1
1,220
523
518
66
170
25.0
Other
..............................................
22,787
13,044
9,743
17,320
4,990
22.4
2,343
1,073
1,420
154
477
22.4
Graduate
students
................................
1,806,803
766,055
1,040,748
1,246,151
336,409
21.3
147,768
89,593
89,164
9,884
224,243
20.2
Degree
seeking
.................................
1,525,038
669,092
855,946
1,036,236
276,410
21.1
122,982
70,603
74,692
8,133
212,392
19.9
Percent
of
graduate
students
seeking
degrees
.............................
84.4
87.3
82.2
83.2
82.2
(
2)
83.2
78.8
83.8
82.3
94.7
(
2)
First­
time
........................................
405,265
175,481
229,784
262,272
76,576
22.6
33,209
19,292
21,775
2,300
66,417
21.7
Other
degree
seeking
....................
1,119,773
493,611
626,162
773,964
199,834
20.5
89,773
51,311
52,917
5,833
145,975
19.4
Others
in
credit
courses
....................
281,765
96,963
184,802
209,915
59,999
22.2
24,786
18,990
14,472
1,751
11,851
21.7
Full­
time
............................................
780,838
363,239
417,599
472,508
143,825
23.3
56,910
37,096
45,405
4,414
164,505
22.2
Degree
seeking
.............................
733,963
344,428
389,535
443,497
130,204
22.7
53,273
32,459
40,448
4,024
160,262
21.5
First­
time
....................................
243,171
111,775
131,396
144,396
42,351
22.7
16,475
10,395
14,190
1,291
56,424
21.7
Other
degree
seeking
................
490,792
232,653
258,139
299,101
87,853
22.7
36,798
22,064
26,258
2,733
103,838
21.5
Others
in
credit
courses
................
46,875
18,811
28,064
29,011
13,621
32.0
3,637
4,637
4,957
390
4,243
30.6
Part­
time
............................................
1,025,965
402,816
623,149
773,643
192,584
19.9
90,858
52,497
43,759
5,470
59,738
19.0
Degree
seeking
.............................
791,075
324,664
466,411
592,739
146,206
19.8
69,709
38,144
34,244
4,109
52,130
18.7
First­
time
....................................
162,094
63,706
98,388
117,876
34,225
22.5
16,734
8,897
7,585
1,009
9,993
21.7
Other
degree
seeking
................
628,981
260,958
368,023
474,863
111,981
19.1
52,975
29,247
26,659
3,100
42,137
18.0
Others
in
credit
courses
................
234,890
78,152
156,738
180,904
46,378
20.4
21,149
14,353
9,515
1,361
7,608
20.0
1
Only
U.
S.
citizens
are
classified
by
race/
ethnicity.
2
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
245
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
210.
 
Total
number
of
institutions
and
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
percentage
of
minority
enrollment:
1999
Minority
percentage
of
U.
S.
citizen
enrollment
Total
enrollment
Public
institutions
Private
not­
for­
profit
and
for­
profit
institutions
Private
not­
for­
profit
institutions
only
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
All
institutions
Number
of
institutions
..............................
3,958
1,646
609
94
515
1,037
2,312
1,690
62
1,628
622
1,638
1,494
62
1,432
144
Total
enrollment
.......................................
14,791,224
11,309,399
5,969,950
2,266,494
3,703,456
5,339,449
3,481,825
3,228,575
777,875
2,450,700
253,250
3,051,626
2,989,285
777,875
2,211,410
62,341
U.
S.
citizens
.............................................
14,274,786
10,983,383
5,720,616
2,132,518
3,588,098
5,262,767
3,291,403
3,042,175
695,246
2,346,929
249,228
2,871,660
2,810,649
695,246
2,115,403
61,011
Minority
....................................................
4,012,301
3,188,643
1,433,752
410,844
1,022,908
1,754,891
823,658
736,889
183,876
553,013
86,769
662,373
644,241
183,876
460,365
18,132
90.0
percent
or
more
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
..........................
151
61
30
0
30
31
90
67
1
66
23
72
62
1
61
10
Total
enrollment
...................................
353,437
260,153
149,384
0
149,384
110,769
93,284
81,604
9,108
72,496
11,680
77,653
74,345
9,108
65,237
3,308
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
346,936
256,295
146,622
0
146,622
109,673
90,641
79,061
9,108
69,953
11,580
75,615
72,331
9,108
63,223
3,284
Minority
.................................................
331,969
243,553
137,886
0
137,886
105,667
88,416
77,564
8,979
68,585
10,852
74,321
71,200
8,979
62,221
3,121
75.0
to
89.9
percent
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
..........................
123
67
22
0
22
45
56
25
0
25
31
23
17
0
17
6
Total
enrollment
...................................
550,291
496,129
153,456
0
153,456
342,673
54,162
40,953
0
40,953
13,209
31,841
29,978
0
29,978
1,863
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
530,975
478,610
145,659
0
145,659
332,951
52,365
39,547
0
39,547
12,818
31,014
29,176
0
29,176
1,838
Minority
.................................................
438,846
396,175
118,381
0
118,381
277,794
42,671
32,174
0
32,174
10,497
25,145
23,623
0
23,623
1,522
50.0
to
74.9
percent
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
.........................
322
133
31
4
27
102
189
81
0
81
108
71
45
0
45
26
Total
enrollment
..................................
1,460,910
1,271,557
484,142
117,961
366,181
787,415
189,353
143,027
0
143,027
46,326
95,607
85,722
0
85,722
9,885
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
1,408,086
1,228,790
456,031
109,347
346,684
772,759
179,296
134,027
0
134,027
45,269
88,328
78,545
0
78,545
9,783
Minority
.................................................
850,907
742,370
271,511
63,295
208,216
470,859
108,537
80,858
0
80,858
27,679
54,621
48,441
0
48,441
6,180
25.0
to
49.9
percent
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
.........................
882
385
109
13
96
276
497
342
29
313
155
293
262
29
233
31
Total
enrollment
...................................
3,913,600
2,889,431
1,209,798
362,757
847,041
1,679,633
1,024,169
960,077
392,493
567,584
64,092
863,772
853,491
392,493
460,998
10,281
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
3,743,864
2,802,046
1,150,449
336,350
814,099
1,651,597
941,818
878,694
343,391
535,303
63,124
785,002
775,012
343,391
431,621
9,990
Minority
.................................................
1,302,684
982,697
397,264
109,914
287,350
585,433
319,987
296,393
114,649
181,744
23,594
263,840
260,245
114,649
145,596
3,595
10.0
to
24.9
percent
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
.........................
1,318
538
229
52
177
309
780
617
29
588
163
600
563
29
534
37
Total
enrollment
...................................
5,634,356
4,295,178
2,688,625
1,364,856
1,323,769
1,606,553
1,339,178
1,270,839
328,975
941,864
68,339
1,234,829
1,218,018
328,975
889,043
16,811
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
5,423,418
4,157,188
2,569,853
1,282,813
1,287,040
1,587,335
1,266,230
1,198,745
297,433
901,312
67,485
1,164,158
1,147,673
297,433
850,240
16,485
Minority
.................................................
914,260
697,220
428,559
208,919
219,640
268,661
217,040
205,370
57,329
148,041
11,670
199,226
196,483
57,329
139,154
2,743
Less
than
10.0
percent
minority
enrollment
Number
of
institutions
.........................
1,162
462
188
25
163
274
700
558
3
555
142
579
545
3
542
34
Total
enrollment
...................................
2,878,630
2,096,951
1,284,545
420,920
863,625
812,406
781,679
732,075
47,299
684,776
49,604
747,924
727,731
47,299
680,432
20,193
U.
S.
citizens
.........................................
2,821,507
2,060,454
1,252,002
404,008
847,994
808,452
761,053
712,101
45,314
666,787
48,952
727,543
707,912
45,314
662,598
19,631
Minority
.................................................
173,635
126,628
80,151
28,716
51,435
46,477
47,007
44,530
2,919
41,611
2,477
45,220
44,249
2,919
41,330
971
NOTE:
Minority
students
includes
black,
Hispanic,
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander,
and
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
students
Some
institutions
do
not
report
separate
enrollment
data
for
each
branch
campus.
For
this
reason,
counts
of
institutions
in
this
table
are
somewhat
lower
than
figures
appearing
in
other
tables.
Includes
data
for
4­
year
and
2­

year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
246
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
211.
 
Total
fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity
of
student
and
by
state:
1994
to
1999
State
or
other
area
1999
Percent
minority
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Minority
enrollment,
by
race/
ethnicity
Nonresident
alien
1994
1996
1997
1998
1999
Total
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
United
States
.............................
14,791,224
10,262,485
4,012,301
1,640,746
1,316,616
909,658
145,281
516,438
24.6
26.2
26.9
27.6
28.1
Alabama
..........................................
223,144
153,178
64,824
58,412
2,112
2,674
1,626
5,142
25.5
27.0
27.8
28.6
29.7
Alaska
.............................................
26,948
20,037
5,926
964
807
985
3,170
985
18.7
19.4
21.7
21.9
22.8
Arizona
............................................
326,159
227,423
90,473
12,908
53,042
11,345
13,178
8,263
24.0
26.0
26.7
27.6
28.5
Arkansas
.........................................
115,092
90,634
21,854
17,975
1,293
1,487
1,099
2,604
17.1
18.3
19.3
19.9
19.4
California
.........................................
2,017,483
958,920
989,384
153,159
445,329
369,216
21,680
69,179
46.3
48.8
49.3
50.5
50.8
Colorado
.........................................
261,744
204,991
48,383
9,859
25,678
9,311
3,535
8,370
16.9
18.3
18.6
19.0
19.1
Connecticut
.....................................
156,907
120,276
30,002
13,421
9,664
6,273
644
6,629
16.3
17.6
18.3
19.1
20.0
Delaware
.........................................
46,613
35,518
9,854
7,371
1,150
1,142
191
1,241
18.0
19.4
20.4
21.0
21.7
District
of
Columbia
........................
72,118
34,720
29,385
21,363
3,204
4,622
196
8,013
45.4
45.7
44.5
46.2
45.8
Florida
.............................................
684,745
422,597
237,018
104,726
107,123
22,186
2,983
25,130
29.5
32.9
33.9
35.2
35.9
Georgia
...........................................
311,812
201,957
99,559
82,908
5,129
10,468
1,054
10,296
29.0
30.8
31.6
32.4
33.0
Hawaii
.............................................
62,578
15,917
41,118
1,717
1,637
37,480
284
5,543
70.6
71.0
72.8
72.8
72.1
Idaho
...............................................
64,661
59,031
4,196
468
1,898
1,001
829
1,434
6.1
6.5
6.5
6.8
6.6
Illinois
..............................................
733,182
495,380
215,227
96,685
72,731
43,445
2,366
22,575
26.9
28.4
29.2
29.7
30.3
Indiana
............................................
304,725
257,987
35,375
21,182
7,505
5,473
1,215
11,363
10.5
11.2
11.5
11.9
12.1
Iowa
................................................
186,780
165,673
13,464
5,106
3,240
4,190
928
7,643
7.2
7.7
7.4
7.4
7.5
Kansas
............................................
176,737
148,713
22,557
9,400
6,016
4,430
2,711
5,467
11.5
12.6
13.8
13.1
13.2
Kentucky
.........................................
181,626
159,265
18,998
14,232
1,626
2,318
822
3,363
8.9
9.5
9.7
10.4
10.7
Louisiana
.........................................
221,348
142,116
73,273
61,655
5,428
4,846
1,344
5,959
31.4
32.8
33.1
33.8
34.0
Maine
..............................................
57,822
53,592
2,792
607
483
863
839
1,438
3.7
4.0
4.5
5.2
5.0
Maryland
.........................................
268,820
166,027
92,193
66,958
7,809
16,336
1,090
10,600
30.0
32.2
33.3
34.7
35.7
Massachusetts
................................
419,695
311,026
77,035
27,310
21,158
26,811
1,756
31,634
16.5
17.7
18.6
19.3
19.9
Michigan
..........................................
558,998
438,845
98,654
64,314
12,680
17,382
4,278
21,499
16.8
17.5
17.9
18.4
18.4
Minnesota
.......................................
282,756
247,273
27,795
10,431
4,086
10,227
3,051
7,688
8.0
9.0
9.2
9.8
10.1
Mississippi
.......................................
133,170
84,325
46,929
44,448
844
1,084
553
1,916
31.2
32.7
33.3
34.6
35.8
Missouri
...........................................
317,480
262,323
46,367
30,977
6,113
7,461
1,816
8,790
13.2
13.8
14.1
14.9
15.0
Montana
..........................................
43,114
36,963
5,181
253
667
401
3,860
970
11.5
11.2
11.5
11.8
12.3
Nebraska
.........................................
110,806
97,795
10,014
3,971
2,581
2,644
818
2,997
7.4
8.0
8.7
8.6
9.3
Nevada
............................................
89,711
62,655
24,864
6,697
9,760
7,038
1,369
2,192
19.5
23.0
24.6
26.9
28.4
New
Hampshire
..............................
63,366
57,618
3,876
1,091
1,221
1,244
320
1,872
4.6
5.0
5.7
5.9
6.3
New
Jersey
.....................................
330,537
211,666
104,302
41,525
36,486
25,357
934
14,569
27.4
29.5
30.6
32.1
33.0
New
Mexico
....................................
111,896
56,315
53,795
2,772
39,940
2,201
8,882
1,786
41.8
44.9
45.9
47.5
48.9
New
York
........................................
1,020,991
646,462
318,953
138,202
105,084
71,954
3,713
55,576
29.8
31.6
32.1
32.7
33.0
North
Carolina
.................................
395,907
282,157
105,645
86,186
6,504
8,815
4,140
8,105
24.1
24.9
25.7
26.5
27.2
North
Dakota
...................................
40,348
35,809
3,395
378
302
308
2,407
1,144
7.8
8.2
8.0
8.6
8.7
Ohio
................................................
548,545
453,609
77,948
55,553
8,655
11,720
2,020
16,988
13.2
14.1
14.1
14.3
14.7
Oklahoma
........................................
179,055
131,127
39,348
14,421
5,177
4,464
15,286
8,580
19.9
20.9
21.9
22.6
23.1
Oregon
............................................
175,635
145,084
23,808
3,366
7,014
10,617
2,811
6,743
12.2
13.0
13.2
13.6
14.1
Pennsylvania
...................................
605,283
496,753
89,688
52,887
12,909
22,319
1,573
18,842
13.2
14.3
14.7
14.9
15.3
Rhode
Island
...................................
74,821
61,209
10,686
3,803
3,607
2,999
277
2,926
11.4
13.0
13.6
14.0
14.9
South
Carolina
................................
183,626
128,919
51,043
46,085
2,041
2,342
575
3,664
24.7
26.1
26.9
27.6
28.4
South
Dakota
..................................
42,147
37,295
4,132
371
274
306
3,181
720
8.6
8.3
9.2
9.7
10.0
Tennessee
......................................
252,915
197,974
49,470
41,142
3,159
4,284
885
5,471
17.7
18.2
18.7
19.2
20.0
Texas
..............................................
990,587
573,115
384,127
105,836
224,781
48,206
5,304
33,345
35.1
37.4
38.2
39.1
40.1
Utah
................................................
161,591
145,515
11,221
934
4,877
3,961
1,449
4,855
6.5
6.8
6.9
7.1
7.2
Vermont
..........................................
36,728
34,059
1,886
460
589
640
197
783
4.8
4.5
5.0
5.4
5.2
Virginia
............................................
377,970
268,355
98,262
66,050
10,780
19,377
2,055
11,353
23.6
24.9
25.6
26.0
26.8
Washington
.....................................
306,723
239,084
57,041
11,480
13,102
26,541
5,918
10,598
16.9
18.2
19.2
19.2
19.3
West
Virginia
...................................
88,657
80,785
5,927
3,895
634
1,037
361
1,945
5.9
6.2
6.8
6.5
6.8
Wisconsin
........................................
304,776
267,209
30,540
13,763
6,704
6,983
3,090
7,027
9.4
9.7
9.9
10.5
10.3
Wyoming
.........................................
29,002
26,393
2,101
270
1,097
232
502
508
6.9
8.0
7.9
7.4
7.4
U.
S.
Service
Schools
......................
13,344
10,816
2,413
799
886
612
116
115
22.0
19.9
20.4
17.5
18.2
Outlying
areas
............................
185,244
865
183,831
2,440
171,396
9,980
15
548
99.5
99.6
98.3
99.5
99.5
American
Samoa
............................
1,172
0
1,089
0
0
1,089
0
83
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.....
1,506
3
1,502
0
0
1,502
0
1
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.1
99.8
Guam
..............................................
5,727
411
5,176
31
37
5,096
12
140
90.0
90.9
92.0
92.5
92.6
Marshall
Islands
..............................
616
0
616
0
0
616
0
0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Northern
Marianas
..........................
1,080
20
1,060
0
4
1,056
0
0
92.3
92.2
93.6
94.0
98.1
Palau
...............................................
569
4
565
0
0
565
0
0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.3
Puerto
Rico
.....................................
171,832
339
171,345
74
171,234
34
3
148
100.0
100.0
98.5
99.8
99.8
Virgin
Islands
..................................
2,742
88
2,478
2,335
121
22
0
176
92.5
95.2
95.1
95.4
96.6
NOTE:
Percent
minority
based
on
U.
S.
citizen
enrollment
(
total
enrollment
less
enrollment
of
nonresident
aliens).
Data
for
1994
are
based
on
institutions
of
higher
education.
Data
for
1996
through
1999
are
for
degree­
granting
institutions.
Data
for
1994
are
based
on
higher
education
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
directly
recognized
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
Department
of
Education
no
longer
distinguishes
between
those
institutions
and
other
institutions
that
participated
in
Title
IV
programs.
The
new
degreegranting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
degrees.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
247
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
212.
 
Number
and
percent
of
students
enrolled
in
postsecondary
institutions,
by
disability
status
and
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
Selected
student
characteristics
Undergraduate
Graduate
and
first­
professional
1
All
students
Disabled
students
2
Nondisabled
students
All
students
Disabled
students
2
Nondisabled
students
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Total
(
in
thousands)
....................................
16,678
892
15,786
2,784
89
2,695
Sex
................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Male
..........................................................
44.1
50.0
43.8
45.7
31.3
46.2
Female
......................................................
55.9
50.0
56.2
54.3
68.7
53.8
Race/
ethnicity
of
student
...............................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................
71.4
80.9
70.8
80.6
73.9
80.9
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................................
11.6
7.1
11.9
6.4
10.7
6.2
Hispanic
....................................................
10.3
7.7
10.5
4.9
9.8
4.7
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
...............................
5.3
1.8
5.5
8.1
5.6
8.2
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
..............
0.9
2.1
0.8
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Other
.........................................................
0.5
0.4
0.5
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)

Age
................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15
to
23
....................................................
54.9
46.0
55.5
9.2
7.6
9.3
24
to
29
....................................................
17.9
13.6
18.1
42.7
32.3
43.0
30
or
older
................................................
27.2
40.4
26.4
48.1
60.0
47.7
Attendance
status
.........................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Full­
time
....................................................
40.5
38.7
40.6
32.5
34.2
32.5
Part­
time
...................................................
59.5
61.3
59.4
67.5
65.8
67.5
Student
housing
status
.................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
On­
campus
...............................................
14.6
12.0
14.8
6.5
6.6
6.5
Off­
campus
...............................................
58.0
62.7
57.7
86.9
82.3
87.1
With
parents
or
relatives
..........................
27.4
25.3
27.5
6.6
11.1
6.4
Dependency
status
.......................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Dependent
................................................
49.3
40.7
49.8
50.5
48.8
50.5
Independent,
unmarried
...........................
16.7
21.5
16.4
20.7
21.5
20.7
Independent,
married
...............................
9.8
8.0
9.9
28.8
29.7
28.8
Independent
with
dependents
..................
24.2
29.8
23.9
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)

Veteran
status
...............................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Veteran
.....................................................
5.2
9.7
5.0
5.2
10.6
5.0
Not
veteran
...............................................
94.8
90.3
95.0
94.8
89.4
95.0
Field
of
study
.................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Business/
management
.............................
15.7
13.8
15.8
17.1
14.8
17.1
Education
..................................................
6.8
6.6
6.8
26.1
23.8
26.2
Engineering/
computer
science
.................
9.6
10.9
9.6
8.3
3.7
8.4
Health
.......................................................
10.1
9.0
10.2
13.0
28.6
12.5
Humanities
................................................
11.6
13.9
11.5
9.7
6.2
9.8
Law
...........................................................
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.2
4.1
5.2
Life/
physical
sciences
...............................
5.3
3.2
5.4
6.3
2.1
6.5
Social/
behavioral
sciences
.......................
7.6
7.5
7.6
7.8
5.8
7.9
Vocational/
technical
..................................
2.1
3.0
2.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Undeclared
...............................................
20.3
20.9
20.3
3.5
7.1
3.4
Other
.........................................................
10.8
11.3
10.7
2.9
3.8
2.9
1
Includes
chiropractic
medicine,
medicine,
dentistry,
optometry,
osteopathic
medicine,
pharmacy,
podiatry,
and
veterinary
medicine.
2
Disabled
students
are
those
who
reported
that
they
had
one
or
more
of
the
following
conditions:
a
specific
learning
disability,
a
visual
handicap,
hard
of
hearing,
deafness,
a
speech
disability,
an
orthopedic
handicap,
or
a
health
impairment.
3
Sample
size
too
small
for
a
reliable
estimate.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
survey
item
nonresponse
and
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
The
1995
 
96
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)
248
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
213.
 
Enrollment
in
postsecondary
education,
by
major
field
of
study,
age,
and
level
of
student:
1995
 
96
Field
of
study
All
students
Undergraduate
Graduate
and
first­
professional
Total,
in
thousands
Percentage
distribution,
by
age
2­
year
institutions
1
4­
year
institutions
Total,
in
thousands
Percentage
distribution,
by
age
Under
25
25
to
34
Over
35
Total,
in
thousands
Percentage
distribution,
by
age
Total,
in
thousands
Percentage
distribution,
by
age
Under
25
25
to
34
Over
35
Under
25
25
to
34
Over
35
Under
25
25
to
34
Over
35
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
........................
19,444
53.0
26.3
20.7
8,887
48.1
27.0
24.9
7,791
71.4
17.1
11.5
2,767
17.4
49.5
33.1
Agriculture
...................
204
65.8
21.1
13.1
71
60.5
21.0
18.5
109
80.5
12.0
7.5
24
13.7
63.8
22.5
Architecture/
city
planning
...................
82
62.8
32.5
4.6
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
50
89.0
8.8
2.2
22
16.3
73.5
10.2
Area
studies
................
 
 
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
24
76.2
11.5
12.3
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Business
.....................
2,949
48.7
29.7
21.6
1,295
45.2
29.0
25.8
1,233
64.2
20.8
15.0
420
13.9
58.0
28.1
Communications/

journalism
................
335
71.5
17.5
11.0
89
57.3
23.1
19.6
224
82.0
11.8
6.2
22
21.3
52.9
25.8
Computer
science
.......
554
42.7
31.6
25.7
275
34.4
31.1
34.5
219
62.4
23.4
14.2
60
9.2
63.3
27.6
Education
....................
1,590
45.0
27.0
28.0
337
63.0
22.2
14.8
649
67.0
17.5
15.5
604
11.3
39.9
48.9
Engineering
.................
1,002
58.6
28.9
12.5
403
48.2
30.4
21.5
477
77.6
18.5
3.8
122
18.7
64.4
16.9
Foreign
language
........
 
 
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
55
78.2
16.1
5.7
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Health
.........................
2,157
47.4
31.4
21.2
1,273
42.7
34.4
22.9
637
65.9
19.8
14.3
247
23.6
46.1
30.3
Medicine/
dentistry
.......
83
43.3
49.9
6.8
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
83
43.3
49.9
6.8
Home
economics
........
473
55.8
27.7
16.5
375
53.0
30.5
16.6
81
77.8
13.0
9.2
17
15.0
36.1
48.9
Industrial
arts
..............
210
53.2
30.0
16.8
181
41.9
33.5
24.7
28
81.9
11.0
7.1
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Interdisciplinary
science
....................
153
62.8
22.4
14.9
37
73.8
11.7
14.6
89
72.8
17.0
10.2
27
14.0
55.1
30.9
Law
.............................
636
53.2
30.0
16.8
352
52.2
27.1
20.6
142
69.0
21.0
10.0
142
39.6
46.3
14.1
Letters/
liberal
studies
..
1,340
60.6
21.9
17.5
908
59.1
22.3
18.6
383
69.9
17.4
12.7
48
15.8
50.9
33.3
Library
science
...........
24
5.8
57.6
36.6
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
24
5.8
57.6
36.6
Life
sciences
...............
558
77.2
19.1
3.7
118
72.0
23.2
4.8
380
87.4
10.3
2.3
60
22.5
67.1
10.4
Mathematics
...............
113
56.7
28.8
14.5
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
63
76.5
17.6
6.0
25
20.6
61.1
18.4
Mechanics/

transportation
.......................
230
39.4
29.3
31.3
208
34.8
30.9
34.3
22
82.1
15.0
3.0
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Philosophy
and
religion
90
44.6
33.9
21.5
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
46
71.5
15.0
13.5
42
12.5
56.1
31.4
Physical
science
.........
178
63.4
29.1
7.5
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
106
81.4
17.0
1.6
44
20.9
59.5
19.6
Psychology
.................
495
67.4
21.1
11.5
84
69.8
20.8
9.4
347
75.3
15.7
9.1
65
21.9
50.8
27.3
Public
administration/

social
work
..............
241
38.7
34.5
26.8
59
39.1
33.5
27.4
90
55.0
20.7
24.2
93
22.7
48.4
29.0
Social
sciences
...........
713
67.3
21.4
11.3
122
65.2
22.0
12.8
492
76.9
15.0
8.2
99
22.7
52.4
24.9
Visual
and
performing
arts
..........................
603
66.0
20.7
13.3
169
57.1
19.4
23.5
357
79.4
14.7
5.9
78
23.6
51.2
25.2
Other
3
.........................
181
53.0
23.4
23.5
27
35.1
27.0
37.9
115
71.3
16.2
12.6
38
10.3
43.1
46.5
Undeclared
.................
3,523
54.0
21.2
24.9
2,196
45.5
23.4
31.1
1,248
71.7
15.5
12.8
78
9.8
49.0
41.2
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
less­
than­
2­
year
schools.

2
Too
few
sample
cases
for
a
reliable
estimate.

3
Includes
students
whose
classification
is
unknown.
NOTE:
Because
of
different
survey
editing
and
processing
procedures,
enrollment
data
in
this
table
may
differ
from
those
appearing
in
other
tables.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
1995
 
96
academic
year.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
The
1995
 
96
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,''
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1997).
249
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
214.
 
Graduate
enrollment
in
science
and
engineering
programs
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
field
of
study:
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
fall
1987
to
fall
1999
Field
of
engineering
or
science
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Percent
change,
1990
to
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total,
all
sciences
and
engineering
421,526
424,671
434,567
452,178
471,262
493,624
504,409
504,516
499,750
494,195
487,279
485,724
493,425
9.1
Engineering,
total
.....................................
103,953
102,829
104,043
107,625
113,576
118,003
116,834
112,993
107,173
103,189
101,070
99,969
101,468
 
5.7
Aerospace
.......................................
3,015
3,223
3,524
3,934
4,120
4,036
3,940
3,715
3,343
3,208
3,083
3,137
3,349
 
14.9
Agricultural
.......................................
1,080
1,052
1,043
946
983
1,008
1,018
1,061
1,037
1,012
941
925
934
 
1.3
Biomedical
.......................................
1,674
1,752
1,916
2,136
2,239
2,537
2,675
2,750
2,732
2,732
2,847
2,905
3,121
46.1
Chemical
..........................................
7,111
6,618
6,460
6,735
7,127
7,397
7,516
7,608
7,424
7,373
7,247
7,060
6,849
1.7
Civil
..................................................
14,682
14,811
14,909
15,542
17,398
19,572
19,583
19,925
19,218
18,528
17,156
16,481
16,190
4.2
Electrical
..........................................
31,399
32,035
33,257
33,722
35,182
36,428
35,290
33,020
30,721
29,702
30,548
31,129
31,368
 
7.0
Engineering
science
........................
2,343
2,386
2,077
2,020
2,154
2,218
2,180
2,089
1,955
1,751
1,647
1,701
1,627
 
19.5
Industrial
..........................................
12,220
11,393
11,094
11,248
12,676
13,525
13,596
13,661
13,143
12,399
11,736
10,995
10,886
 
3.2
Mechanical
......................................
16,366
16,151
16,265
16,879
17,730
18,637
18,477
17,761
16,363
15,509
15,045
14,696
14,956
 
11.4
Metallurgical/
materials
.....................
4,366
4,337
4,594
4,941
5,160
5,512
5,363
5,191
4,920
4,713
4,649
4,644
4,451
 
9.9
Mining
..............................................
513
489
418
437
489
437
427
424
373
371
348
304
328
 
24.9
Nuclear
............................................
1,279
1,303
1,323
1,278
1,282
1,286
1,306
1,246
1,154
980
868
821
830
 
35.1
Petroleum
........................................
818
742
665
670
705
737
725
624
610
562
561
571
642
 
4.2
Other
engineering
............................
7,087
6,537
6,498
7,137
6,331
4,673
4,738
3,918
4,180
4,349
4,394
4,600
5,937
 
16.8
All
sciences,
total
.....................................
317,573
321,842
330,524
344,553
357,686
375,621
387,575
391,523
392,577
391,006
386,209
385,755
391,957
13.8
Physical
sciences,
total
.......................
32,727
32,962
33,616
34,075
34,710
35,348
35,318
34,449
33,388
32,324
31,078
30,571
30,689
 
9.9
Astronomy
.......................................
719
731
789
810
829
869
880
973
912
874
778
820
832
2.7
Chemistry
........................................
18,827
18,579
18,828
19,118
19,407
19,929
20,131
19,797
19,565
19,327
18,764
18,479
18,414
 
3.7
Physics
............................................
12,807
13,308
13,657
13,813
14,081
14,122
13,841
13,162
12,425
11,728
11,147
10,809
10,869
 
21.3
Other
physical
sciences
..................
374
344
342
334
393
428
466
517
486
395
389
463
574
71.9
Earth,
atmospheric,
and
ocean
sciences
............................................
14,371
13,867
13,643
13,984
14,480
15,333
15,731
15,968
15,722
15,185
14,565
14,259
14,082
0.7
Atmospheric
sciences
.....................
952
940
912
929
968
1,089
1,112
1,109
1,072
1,086
1,092
965
913
 
1.7
Geosciences
....................................
8,998
8,463
8,052
7,692
7,567
7,744
7,785
7,741
7,608
7,323
6,997
6,705
6,652
 
13.5
Oceanography
.................................
2,127
2,033
2,207
2,333
2,386
2,530
2,611
2,853
2,703
2,598
2,458
2,545
2,608
11.8
Other
environmental
sciences
.........
2,294
2,431
2,472
3,030
3,559
3,970
4,223
4,265
4,339
4,178
4,018
4,044
3,909
29.0
Mathematical
sciences,
total
...............
18,508
19,077
19,247
19,774
19,952
20,355
20,000
19,579
18,509
18,015
16,729
16,488
16,254
 
17.8
Mathematics
and
applied
mathematics
..................................
16,015
16,490
16,723
17,096
17,206
17,404
16,945
16,463
15,400
14,970
14,048
13,841
13,530
 
20.9
Statistics
..........................................
2,493
2,587
2,524
2,678
2,746
2,951
3,055
3,116
3,109
3,045
2,681
2,647
2,724
1.7
Computer
sciences,
total
....................
32,051
32,227
32,482
34,257
34,610
36,325
36,213
34,158
33,458
34,626
35,991
38,027
42,560
24.2
Life
sciences,
total
..............................
106,036
108,084
111,862
116,348
121,849
129,010
136,986
143,708
148,442
149,116
148,656
149,822
151,473
30.2
Agricultural
sciences,
total
..............
11,118
11,135
11,190
11,316
11,506
11,841
11,988
12,273
12,450
12,009
11,893
11,877
12,036
6.4
Biological
sciences,
total
.................
46,747
47,565
48,852
49,989
51,778
54,180
56,458
58,152
58,775
58,170
57,140
57,124
57,320
14.7
Anatomy
.......................................
1,016
1,056
1,078
1,000
1,051
991
986
1,043
1,008
1,046
1,029
947
913
 
8.7
Biochemistry
................................
4,813
4,921
5,082
5,039
5,201
5,376
5,513
5,632
5,579
5,296
5,123
5,173
5,120
1.6
Biology
.........................................
12,331
12,393
12,761
13,027
13,292
13,874
14,327
14,220
14,284
14,635
14,643
14,289
13,996
7.4
Biometry/
epidemiology
.................
1,556
1,682
1,722
1,871
2,032
2,365
2,658
2,710
2,812
3,001
2,900
3,484
3,575
91.1
Biophysics
....................................
591
592
655
642
697
751
780
794
845
833
748
737
710
10.6
Botany
..........................................
2,979
2,912
2,826
2,733
2,694
2,689
2,714
2,748
2,609
2,504
2,402
2,328
2,261
 
17.3
Cell
biology
..................................
1,964
2,078
2,234
2,555
2,809
3,132
3,415
3,804
3,938
3,961
4,046
4,148
4,402
72.3
Ecology
........................................
963
999
1,084
1,136
1,180
1,301
1,410
1,566
1,680
1,615
1,619
1,655
1,687
48.5
Entomology/
parasitology
..............
1,244
1,240
1,181
1,173
1,171
1,193
1,247
1,263
1,241
1,234
1,161
1,168
1,145
 
2.4
Genetics
.......................................
1,314
1,289
1,365
1,408
1,520
1,639
1,785
1,699
1,700
1,729
1,760
1,705
1,767
25.5
Microbiology,
immunology,
and
virology
......................................
4,452
4,773
4,827
4,873
4,928
4,972
5,068
5,141
5,072
4,963
4,854
4,869
4,910
0.8
Nutrition
........................................
4,158
4,132
4,164
4,172
4,164
4,159
4,388
4,747
5,016
4,859
4,550
4,430
4,449
6.6
Pathology
.....................................
1,369
1,333
1,369
1,354
1,449
1,456
1,575
1,707
1,670
1,656
1,674
1,580
1,580
16.7
Pharmacology
..............................
2,072
2,124
2,267
2,353
2,432
2,532
2,651
2,839
2,710
2,663
2,597
2,730
2,757
17.2
Physiology
....................................
2,213
2,220
2,206
2,236
2,332
2,317
2,372
2,378
2,540
2,377
2,298
2,151
2,100
 
6.1
Zoology
........................................
2,104
2,029
2,083
2,104
2,191
2,139
2,120
2,092
2,068
1,911
1,730
1,676
1,614
 
23.3
Other
biosciences
........................
1,608
1,792
1,948
2,313
2,635
3,294
3,449
3,769
4,003
3,887
4,006
4,054
4,334
87.4
Health
fields,
total
...............................
48,171
49,384
51,820
55,043
58,565
62,989
68,540
73,283
77,217
78,937
79,623
80,821
82,117
49.2
Medical
fields
...................................
9,809
10,101
10,232
10,950
11,707
12,594
14,184
15,027
15,500
15,293
15,403
16,600
17,244
57.5
Other
health
fields
...........................
38,362
39,283
41,588
44,093
46,858
50,395
54,356
58,256
61,717
63,644
64,220
64,221
64,873
47.1
Dentistry
.......................................
1,022
1,048
1,004
956
1,016
1,121
1,133
1,199
1,251
1,291
1,411
1,426
1,383
44.7
Nursing
.........................................
18,444
18,862
19,689
21,194
22,012
23,213
24,781
26,997
28,405
27,388
26,861
25,591
25,068
18.3
Pharmaceutical
sciences
.............
2,607
2,613
2,787
2,889
2,968
2,792
2,859
2,887
2,808
2,846
2,710
2,882
3,422
18.4
Speech
pathology/
audiology
........
7,314
7,479
7,911
8,354
8,945
9,791
10,740
11,473
12,092
12,973
13,320
13,331
13,653
63.4
Veterinary
sciences
.....................
731
752
801
900
894
942
877
875
929
946
1,175
1,192
1,216
35.1
Other
health
related
.....................
8,244
8,529
9,396
9,800
11,023
12,536
13,966
14,825
16,232
18,200
18,743
19,799
20,131
105.4
Psychology,
total
.................................
42,612
43,963
45,528
48,167
51,343
53,484
54,557
54,554
53,641
53,122
53,126
52,557
51,874
7.7
Psychology,
general
........................
267
15,443
19,408
20,108
19,555
18,802
18,887
18,297
17,666
16,894
17,350
17,241
16,353
 
18.7
Clinical
psychology
..........................
41,566
20,548
9,298
9,916
10,834
12,090
12,526
12,684
12,519
12,787
13,008
12,648
12,716
28.2
Other
psychology
............................
779
7,972
16,822
18,143
20,954
22,592
23,144
23,573
23,456
23,441
22,768
22,668
22,805
25.7
Social
sciences,
total
..........................
71,268
71,662
74,146
77,948
80,742
85,766
88,770
89,107
89,417
88,618
86,064
84,031
85,025
9.1
Agricultural
economics
....................
2,203
2,259
2,276
2,273
2,364
2,522
2,415
2,289
2,338
2,117
2,043
1,995
2,014
 
11.4
Anthropology
...................................
5,835
5,945
6,128
6,479
6,731
7,123
7,361
7,665
7,693
7,773
7,560
7,577
7,633
17.8
Economics
(
except
agricultural)
......
11,998
12,036
12,139
12,326
12,707
13,252
13,214
12,913
12,673
12,080
11,097
10,701
10,562
 
14.3
Geography
.......................................
3,223
3,208
3,479
3,530
3,760
4,102
4,378
4,502
4,371
4,331
4,287
4,326
4,250
20.4
History
and
philosophy
of
science
..
294
288
304
331
337
360
369
387
401
409
443
508
557
68.3
Linguistics
........................................
3,282
3,243
3,286
3,404
3,425
3,277
3,321
3,279
3,194
3,156
3,068
2,935
2,799
 
17.8
Political
science
...............................
27,429
27,723
29,194
30,582
31,707
33,797
35,076
34,317
34,298
33,252
32,083
30,828
31,398
2.7
Sociology
.........................................
7,026
7,117
7,405
7,801
8,393
9,011
9,425
9,498
9,564
9,425
9,413
9,058
8,966
14.9
Sociology/
anthropology
...................
942
960
988
1,164
899
979
935
987
941
923
948
857
741
 
36.3
Other
social
sciences
......................
9,036
8,883
8,947
10,058
10,419
11,343
12,276
13,270
13,944
15,152
15,122
15,246
16,105
60.1
NOTE:
Includes
estimates
for
master's
degree
granting
institutions
which
were
surveyed
on
a
sample
basis
for
1987.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
National
Science
Foundation,
Division
of
Science
Resources
Studies,
Survey
of
Graduate
Students
and
Postdoctorates
in
Science
and
Engineering:
Fall
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
250
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
215.
 
Size
of
enrollment
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
Control
and
type
of
institution
Enrollment
size
Total
Under
200
200
to
499
500
to
999
1,000
to
2,499
2,500
to
4,999
5,000
to
9,999
10,000
to
19,999
20,000
to
29,999
30,000
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Number
of
institutions
Total
...........................................
3,958
479
588
526
894
613
454
276
92
36
Research
I
universities
1
....................
89
1
0
0
1
1
9
22
31
24
Research
II
universities
1
...................
37
0
0
0
0
2
2
17
13
3
Doctoral
universities
.........................
113
1
0
2
5
16
29
46
11
3
Master's
............................................
557
0
4
17
117
164
167
77
10
1
Baccalaureate
..................................
880
69
95
201
378
115
19
2
1
0
Associate
of
arts
2
..............................
1,659
226
319
178
295
281
221
109
25
5
Specialized
institutions
3
....................
623
182
170
128
98
34
7
3
1
0
Public
.................................................
1,646
18
57
103
348
398
365
239
84
34
Research
I
universities
1
...............
59
0
0
0
0
1
0
9
26
23
Research
II
universities
1
..............
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
11
2
Doctoral
universities
.....................
65
0
0
1
1
3
13
33
11
3
Master's
........................................
277
0
0
0
15
65
116
70
10
1
Baccalaureate
...............................
123
0
1
10
54
41
14
2
1
0
Associate
of
arts
2
.........................
1,037
16
50
78
258
276
220
109
25
5
Specialized
institutions
3
...............
58
2
6
14
20
12
2
2
0
0
Private
...............................................
2,312
461
531
423
546
215
89
37
8
2
Research
I
universities
1
...............
30
1
0
0
1
0
9
13
5
1
Research
II
universities
1
..............
10
0
0
0
0
2
2
3
2
1
Doctoral
universities
.....................
48
1
0
1
4
13
16
13
0
0
Master's
........................................
280
0
4
17
102
99
51
7
0
0
Baccalaureate
...............................
757
69
94
191
324
74
5
0
0
0
Associate
of
arts
2
.........................
622
210
269
100
37
5
1
0
0
0
Specialized
institutions
3
...............
565
180
164
114
78
22
5
1
1
0
Enrollment
of
institutions
Total
...........................................
14,791,224
54,738
194,477
380,145
1,475,076
2,141,256
3,200,497
3,825,942
2,189,551
1,329,542
Research
I
universities
1
....................
2,100,946
142
0
0
1,889
3,491
74,048
326,156
775,928
919,292
Research
II
universities
1
...................
658,834
0
0
0
0
8,801
14,009
246,721
289,082
100,221
Doctoral
universities
.........................
1,290,702
39
0
1,568
8,435
59,949
215,567
655,887
254,878
94,379
Master's
............................................
3,274,314
0
1,416
13,305
205,771
585,302
1,157,143
1,034,217
247,149
30,011
Baccalaureate
..................................
1,333,796
6,815
34,607
149,084
600,850
368,522
125,269
28,587
20,062
0
Associate
of
arts
2
..............................
5,592,699
28,141
103,417
123,397
500,531
995,540
1,572,477
1,503,001
580,556
185,639
Specialized
institutions
3
....................
539,933
19,601
55,037
92,791
157,600
119,651
41,984
31,373
21,896
0
Public
.................................................
11,309,399
2,720
19,120
77,165
602,853
1,422,580
2,590,174
3,335,844
1,999,264
1,259,679
Research
I
universities
1
...............
1,692,395
0
0
0
0
3,491
0
155,305
651,439
882,160
Research
II
universities
1
..............
516,140
0
0
0
0
0
0
203,470
245,180
67,490
Doctoral
universities
.....................
944,830
0
0
671
1,765
12,020
103,372
477,745
254,878
94,379
Master's
........................................
2,318,580
0
0
0
26,700
242,641
825,672
946,407
247,149
30,011
Baccalaureate
...............................
373,971
0
337
8,095
88,940
141,373
86,577
28,587
20,062
0
Associate
of
arts
2
.........................
5,339,449
2,531
16,560
57,746
448,477
981,090
1,563,849
1,503,001
580,556
185,639
Specialized
institutions
3
...............
124,034
189
2,223
10,653
36,971
41,965
10,704
21,329
0
0
Private
...............................................
3,481,825
52,018
175,357
302,980
872,223
718,676
610,323
490,098
190,287
69,863
Research
I
universities
1
...............
408,551
142
0
0
1,889
0
74,048
170,851
124,489
37,132
Research
II
universities
1
..............
142,694
0
0
0
0
8,801
14,009
43,251
43,902
32,731
Doctoral
universities
.....................
345,872
39
0
897
6,670
47,929
112,195
178,142
0
0
Master's
........................................
955,734
0
1,416
13,305
179,071
342,661
331,471
87,810
0
0
Baccalaureate
...............................
959,825
6,815
34,270
140,989
511,910
227,149
38,692
0
0
0
Associate
of
arts
2
.........................
253,250
25,610
86,857
65,651
52,054
14,450
8,628
0
0
0
Specialized
institutions
3
...............
415,899
19,412
52,814
82,138
120,629
77,686
31,280
10,044
21,896
0
1
Research
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate,
and
give
high
priority
to
research.
Research
I
institutions
receive
$
40
million
or
more
annually
in
federal
support.
Research
II
institutions
receive
between
$
15.5
million
and
$
40
million
annually.
2
Includes
tribally
controlled
2­
year
institutions.
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations.
They
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium
3
Specialized
institutions
award
baccalaureate
or
higher
level
degrees
in
specific
fields
of
study.
Also
includes
tribally
controlled
4­
year
institutions.
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations.
They
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.

NOTE:
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
survey
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
251
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
216.
 
Enrollment
of
the
120
largest
degree­
granting
college
and
university
campuses:
Fall
1999
Institution
State
Rank
Control
1
Type
2
Total
enrollment
fall
1999
3
Institution
State
Rank
Control
1
Type
2
Total
enrollment
fall
1999
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
The
University
of
Texas
at
Austin
...........................
Tex.
1
1
1
49,009
Iowa
State
University
.........................................
Iowa
61
1
1
26,110
Ohio
State
University,
Main
Campus
......................
Ohio
2
1
1
48,003
Tarrant
County
Junior
College
..........................
Tex.
62
1
2
25,968
Miami­
Dade
Community
College
.............................
Fla.
3
1
2
47,152
University
of
Utah
..............................................
Utah
63
1
1
25,781
University
of
Minnesota,
Twin
Cities
.......................
Minn.
4
1
1
45,361
University
of
Kansas,
Main
Campus
.................
Kans.
64
1
1
25,406
Arizona
State
University,
Main
Campus
..................
Ariz.
5
1
1
44,215
University
of
California,
Davis
...........................
Calif.
65
1
1
25,092
Texas
A&
M
University
.............................................
Tex.
6
1
1
43,817
University
of
Massachusetts,
Amherst
..............
Mass.
66
1
1
25,031
University
of
Florida
.................................................
Fla.
7
1
1
43,382
Broward
Community
College
.............................
Fla.
67
1
2
24,720
Michigan
State
University
........................................
Mich.
8
1
1
43,038
University
of
North
Carolina
at
Chapel
Hill
.......
N.
C.
68
1
1
24,653
Pennsylvania
State
University,
Main
Campus
........
Pa.
9
1
1
40,658
University
of
Illinois
at
Chicago
.........................
Ill.
69
1
1
24,610
University
of
Wisconsin,
Madison
............................
Wisc.
10
1
1
40,099
California
State
University,
Sacramento
............
Calif.
70
1
1
24,530
Purdue
University,
Main
Campus
............................
Ind.
11
1
1
39,471
University
of
New
Mexico,
Main
Campus
.........
N.
Mex.
71
1
1
24,374
University
of
Illinois
at
Urbana
.................................
Ill.
12
1
1
38,851
SUNY
at
Buffalo
................................................
N.
Y.
72
1
1
24,256
Houston
Community
College
System
......................
Tex.
13
1
2
37,882
Texas
Tech
University
.......................................
Tex.
73
1
1
24,249
University
of
Michigan,
Ann
Arbor
...........................
Mich.
14
1
1
37,846
Harvard
University
.............................................
Mass.
74
2
1
24,214
New
York
University
................................................
N.
Y.
15
2
1
37,132
George
Mason
University
..................................
Va.
75
1
1
24,180
Northern
Virginia
Community
College
.....................
Va.
16
1
2
36,655
University
of
Oklahoma,
Norman
Campus
........
Okla.
76
1
1
23,694
University
of
California,
Los
Angeles
......................
Calif.
17
1
1
36,351
Northeastern
University
.....................................
Mass.
77
2
1
23,556
Indiana
University,
Bloomington
..............................
Ind.
18
1
1
36,201
Virginia
Commonwealth
University
....................
Va.
78
1
1
23,481
University
of
Washington,
Seattle
...........................
Wash.
19
1
1
35,559
University
of
South
Carolina
at
Columbia
.........
S.
C.
79
1
1
23,430
Rutgers
University,
New
Brunswick
........................
N.
J.
20
1
1
35,308
Georgia
State
University
....................................
Ga.
80
1
1
23,410
University
of
South
Florida
......................................
Fla.
21
1
1
34,839
De
Anza
College
...............................................
Calif.
81
1
2
23,264
University
of
Arizona
................................................
Ariz.
22
1
1
34,326
Oakland
Community
College,
Bloomfield
Hills
..
Mich.
82
1
2
23,244
Community
College
of
Southern
Nevada
................
Nev.
23
1
2
33,402
University
of
Wisconsin,
Milwaukee
..................
Wisc.
83
1
1
23,149
Florida
State
University
...........................................
Fla.
24
1
1
32,878
University
of
Kentucky
.......................................
Ky.
84
1
1
23,060
University
of
Maryland,
College
Park
Campus
.......
Md.
25
1
1
32,864
Pasadena
City
College
......................................
Calif.
85
1
2
22,978
Brigham
Young
University
.......................................
Utah
26
2
1
32,731
Eastern
Michigan
University
..............................
Mich.
86
1
1
22,956
University
of
Houston,
University
Park
....................
Tex.
27
1
1
32,651
University
of
Missouri,
Columbia
.......................
Mo.
87
1
1
22,930
University
of
Central
Florida
....................................
Fla.
28
1
1
31,673
Northern
Illinois
University
.................................
Ill.
88
1
1
22,843
Louisiana
St.
U.
&
A.
&
M.
&
Hebert
Laws
Center
La.
29
1
1
31,639
Mount
San
Antonio
College
..............................
Calif.
89
1
2
22,715
San
Diego
State
University
.....................................
Calif.
30
1
1
31,413
El
Camino
College
.............................................
Calif.
90
1
2
22,616
University
of
California,
Berkeley
............................
Calif.
31
1
1
31,347
University
of
Virginia,
Main
Campus
.................
Va.
91
1
1
22,433
Florida
International
University
................................
Fla.
32
1
1
31,293
Portland
Community
College
.............................
Oreg.
92
1
2
22,401
Wayne
State
University
...........................................
Mich.
33
1
1
31,025
Southern
Illinois
University,
Carbondale
...........
Ill.
93
1
1
22,323
University
of
Georgia
...............................................
Ga.
34
1
1
30,912
Riverside
Community
College
...........................
Calif.
94
1
2
22,320
Pima
Community
College
........................................
Ariz.
35
1
2
30,548
West
Virginia
University
.....................................
W.
Va.
95
1
1
22,315
California
State
University,
Long
Beach
..................
Calif.
36
1
1
30,011
Mesa
Community
College
.................................
Ariz.
96
1
2
22,295
College
of
Du
Page
.................................................
Ill.
37
1
2
29,032
University
of
Nebraska
at
Lincoln
.....................
Nebr.
97
1
1
22,142
University
of
Colorado
at
Boulder
...........................
Colo.
38
1
1
28,851
Auburn
University,
Main
Campus
......................
Ala.
98
1
1
22,120
University
of
Iowa
....................................................
Iowa
39
1
1
28,846
North
Harris­
Montgomery
Community
College
Tex.
99
1
2
22,113
University
of
Southern
California
.............................
Calif.
40
2
1
28,766
Orange
Coast
College
.......................................
Calif.
100
1
2
21,942
Boston
University
.....................................................
Mass.
41
2
1
28,487
American
River
College
.....................................
Calif.
101
1
2
21,934
Temple
University
....................................................
Pa.
42
1
1
28,124
University
of
Phoenix,
Southern
California
........
Calif.
102
3
1
21,896
North
Carolina
State
University
at
Raleigh
.............
N.
C.
43
1
1
28,011
University
of
Pennsylvania
................................
Pa.
103
2
1
21,855
City
College
of
San
Francisco
.................................
Calif.
44
1
2
27,986
University
of
Nevada,
Las
Vegas
......................
Nev.
104
1
1
21,820
California
State
University,
Northridge
....................
Calif.
45
1
1
27,947
Southwest
Texas
State
University
.....................
Tex.
105
1
1
21,769
Virginia
Polytechnic
Institute
and
State
U.
..............
Va.
46
1
1
27,910
Santa
Rosa
Junior
College
...............................
Calif.
106
1
2
21,728
Western
Michigan
University
...................................
Mich.
47
1
1
27,744
Macomb
Community
College
............................
Mich.
107
1
2
21,718
San
Francisco
State
University
...............................
Calif.
48
1
1
27,701
University
of
Akron,
Main
Campus
....................
Ohio
108
1
1
21,687
Indiana
U.­
Purdue
U.
at
Indianapolis
......................
Ind.
49
1
1
27,587
Kent
State
University,
Main
Campus
................
Ohio
109
1
1
21,653
University
of
Cincinnati,
Main
Campus
...................
Ohio
50
1
1
27,467
Kansas
State
University
....................................
Kans.
110
1
1
21,543
California
State
University,
Fullerton
.......................
Calif.
51
1
1
27,167
University
of
Delaware
......................................
Del.
111
1
1
21,206
Colorado
State
University
........................................
Colo.
52
1
1
27,036
Columbia
University
in
the
City
of
New
York
....
N.
Y.
112
2
1
21,167
San
Jose
State
University
.......................................
Calif.
53
1
1
26,937
Oklahoma
State
University,
Main
Campus
.......
Okla.
113
1
1
21,014
University
of
North
Texas
........................................
Tex.
54
1
1
26,493
Utah
State
University
.........................................
Utah
114
1
1
20,865
University
of
Tennessee,
Knoxville
.........................
Tenn.
55
1
1
26,437
San
Diego
Mesa
College
..................................
Calif.
115
1
2
20,859
Valencia
Community
College
..................................
Fla.
56
1
2
26,376
Washington
State
University
.............................
Wash.
116
1
1
20,799
Santa
Monica
College
.............................................
Calif.
57
1
2
26,372
Salt
Lake
Community
College
...........................
Utah
116
1
2
20,799
Central
Michigan
University
.....................................
Mich.
58
1
1
26,321
Palomar
College
................................................
Calif.
118
1
2
20,492
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Main
Campus
...................
Pa.
59
1
1
26,162
Illinois
State
University
......................................
Ill.
119
1
1
20,470
Austin
Community
College
......................................
Tex.
60
1
2
26,135
Cerritos
College
.................................................
Calif.
120
1
2
20,450
1
Publicly
controlled
institutions
are
identified
by
a
``
1,''
and
private,
not­
for­
profit,
by
a
``
2,''
and
private,
for­
profit,
by
a
``
3.''

2
The
types
of
institutions
are
identified
as
follows:
``
1''
for
4­
year
institutions;
and
``
2''
for
2­
year
institutions.
3
College
and
university
campuses
ranked
by
fall
1999
enrollment
data.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
survey
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
252
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
Line
no.
Institution
State
Control
1
Type
2
Total
enrollment,
fall
1990
Total
enrollment,
fall
1995
Total
enrollment,
fall
1998
Total
enrollment,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
sex,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
attendance
status,
fall
1999
Men
Women
Full­
time
Part­
time
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
 
United
States,
all
institutions
5
...............
 
 
 
13,818,637
14,261,781
14,506,967
6
14,791,224
6
6,490,646
6
8,300,578
6
8,786,494
6
6,004,730
 
Colleges
with
enrollment
over
14,600
 
 
 
5,102,204
5,107,272
5,200,934
5,291,628
2,424,095
2,867,533
3,275,263
2,016,365
1
Auburn
University,
Main
Campus
..............
Ala.
1
1
21,537
22,122
21,775
22,120
11,536
10,584
19,229
2,891
2
University
of
Alabama
................................
Ala.
1
1
19,794
18,985
18,426
18,744
8,974
9,770
15,721
3,023
3
University
of
Alabama
at
Birmingham
........
Ala.
1
1
15,356
15,502
15,056
15,098
6,396
8,702
10,197
4,901
4
University
of
Alaska,
Anchorage
................
Alaska
1
1
17,490
16,206
14,998
14,746
5,697
9,049
5,820
8,926
5
Arizona
State
University,
Main
Campus
....
Ariz.
1
1
42,936
42,040
43,732
44,215
20,971
23,244
32,254
11,961
6
Glendale
Community
College
....................
Ariz.
1
2
18,512
17,699
18,101
19,131
8,396
10,735
5,465
13,666
7
Mesa
Community
College
..........................
Ariz.
1
2
19,818
21,244
22,834
22,295
10,587
11,708
8,679
13,616
8
Northern
Arizona
University
.......................
Ariz.
1
1
16,992
20,131
19,940
19,981
7,875
12,106
13,319
6,662
9
Pima
Community
College
...........................
Ariz.
1
2
28,766
27,866
28,316
30,548
14,022
16,526
8,915
21,633
10
University
of
Arizona
..................................
Ariz.
1
1
35,729
34,777
34,291
34,326
16,335
17,991
26,950
7,376
11
University
of
Arkansas,
Fayetteville
...........
Ark.
1
1
14,732
14,692
14,984
15,167
7,729
7,438
11,966
3,201
12
American
River
College
.............................
Calif.
1
2
18,716
20,170
20,469
21,934
9,794
12,140
5,218
16,716
13
Cal.
Polytechnic
State
U.,
San
Luis
Obispo
.....................................................
Calif.
1
1
17,751
16,023
16,296
16,470
9,051
7,419
15,031
1,439
14
California
State
Polytechnic
U.,
Pomona
...
Calif.
1
1
19,468
16,605
17,577
18,021
9,939
8,082
13,291
4,730
15
California
State
University,
Chico
..............
Calif.
1
1
16,633
13,798
14,983
15,261
6,939
8,322
13,330
1,931
16
California
State
University,
Fresno
............
Calif.
1
1
19,960
17,461
18,101
18,321
7,785
10,536
14,042
4,279
17
California
State
University,
Fullerton
..........
Calif.
1
1
25,592
22,604
25,675
27,167
11,090
16,077
17,800
9,367
18
California
State
University,
Long
Beach
....
Calif.
1
1
33,987
26,403
28,637
30,011
12,357
17,654
20,567
9,444
19
California
State
University,
Los
Angeles
....
Calif.
1
1
21,597
18,385
19,732
19,783
7,751
12,032
11,728
8,055
20
California
State
University,
Northridge
.......
Calif.
1
1
31,167
25,015
27,203
27,947
11,118
16,829
18,351
9,596
21
California
State
University,
Sacramento
....
Calif.
1
1
26,336
22,796
23,676
24,530
10,214
14,316
17,004
7,526
22
Cerritos
College
..........................................
Calif.
1
2
15,886
19,981
19,173
20,450
9,067
11,383
4,847
15,603
23
City
College
of
San
Francisco
...................
Calif.
1
2
24,408
26,019
27,768
27,986
12,474
15,512
6,658
21,328
24
Cosumnes
River
College
...........................
Calif.
1
2
8,235
11,117
13,420
14,614
5,783
8,831
3,144
11,470
25
De
Anza
College
........................................
Calif.
1
2
21,948
22,545
23,343
23,264
11,068
12,196
7,334
15,930
26
Diablo
Valley
College
.................................
Calif.
1
2
20,255
18,192
19,216
19,216
8,873
10,343
6,622
12,594
27
East
Los
Angeles
College
..........................
Calif.
1
2
12,447
15,289
14,876
15,771
6,254
9,517
4,751
11,020
28
El
Camino
College
.....................................
Calif.
1
2
25,789
21,540
21,913
22,616
10,116
12,500
6,247
16,369
29
Foothill
College
...........................................
Calif.
1
2
12,811
12,619
14,079
15,283
7,854
7,429
3,955
11,328
30
Fresno
City
College
....................................
Calif.
1
2
14,710
16,287
16,532
16,739
7,514
9,225
5,482
11,257
31
Fullerton
College
........................................
Calif.
1
2
17,548
17,748
18,174
18,211
8,643
9,568
5,798
12,413
32
Grossmont
College
.....................................
Calif.
1
2
15,357
14,560
15,510
16,159
6,883
9,276
5,862
10,297
33
Long
Beach
City
College
...........................
Calif.
1
2
18,378
18,137
17,923
18,730
7,997
10,733
4,586
14,144
34
Mount
San
Antonio
College
.......................
Calif.
1
2
20,563
22,202
22,715
22,715
10,372
12,343
7,130
15,585
35
National
University
.....................................
Calif.
2
1
8,836
10,068
14,062
17,065
7,048
10,017
10,891
6,174
36
Orange
Coast
College
................................
Calif.
1
2
22,365
21,135
22,191
21,942
10,614
11,328
6,775
15,167
37
Palomar
College
.........................................
Calif.
1
2
16,707
18,894
20,492
20,492
9,900
10,592
4,924
15,568
38
Pasadena
City
College
...............................
Calif.
1
2
19,581
21,101
22,451
22,978
10,080
12,898
7,099
15,879
39
Riverside
Community
College
....................
Calif.
1
2
15,683
18,633
21,758
22,320
9,070
13,250
4,924
17,396
40
Sacramento
City
College
...........................
Calif.
1
2
14,474
16,098
16,067
17,003
7,115
9,888
5,072
11,931
41
Saddleback
College
...................................
Calif.
1
2
14,527
14,093
18,022
18,054
7,719
10,335
4,752
13,302
42
San
Diego
Mesa
College
...........................
Calif.
1
2
23,410
19,904
20,818
20,859
9,994
10,865
5,455
15,404
43
San
Diego
State
University
........................
Calif.
1
1
35,493
29,350
31,453
31,413
13,473
17,940
22,485
8,928
44
San
Francisco
State
University
..................
Calif.
1
1
29,343
26,791
27,446
27,701
10,878
16,823
18,380
9,321
45
San
Joaquin
Delta
College
........................
Calif.
1
2
14,792
14,640
14,499
15,562
6,314
9,248
5,064
10,498
46
San
Jose
State
University
..........................
Calif.
1
1
30,334
25,997
26,628
26,937
12,381
14,556
16,959
9,978
47
Santa
Ana
College
.....................................
Calif.
1
2
20,532
20,392
17,734
18,196
10,154
8,042
3,347
14,849
48
Santa
Monica
College
................................
Calif.
1
2
18,108
20,392
24,105
26,372
11,569
14,803
7,727
18,645
49
Santa
Rosa
Junior
College
........................
Calif.
1
2
20,475
20,102
21,461
21,728
8,998
12,730
6,202
15,526
50
Sierra
College
.............................................
Calif.
1
2
11,637
13,282
16,671
16,631
7,276
9,355
4,862
11,769
51
Southwestern
College
................................
Calif.
1
2
13,010
15,037
15,452
16,349
7,444
8,905
4,997
11,352
52
Stanford
University
.....................................
Calif.
2
1
14,724
16,003
17,207
18,083
10,408
7,675
12,628
5,455
53
University
of
California,
Berkeley
...............
Calif.
1
1
30,634
29,630
31,011
31,347
15,872
15,475
28,670
2,677
54
University
of
California,
Davis
....................
Calif.
1
1
23,890
23,091
24,866
25,092
11,412
13,680
22,665
2,427
55
University
of
California,
Irvine
....................
Calif.
1
1
16,808
17,256
18,102
19,277
9,719
9,558
18,131
1,146
56
University
of
California,
Los
Angeles
.........
Calif.
1
1
36,420
34,713
35,795
36,351
17,315
19,036
34,695
1,656
57
University
of
California,
San
Diego
............
Calif.
1
1
17,790
18,315
19,347
19,894
10,006
9,888
18,908
986
58
University
of
California,
Santa
Barbara
......
Calif.
1
1
18,385
18,224
19,363
20,056
9,414
10,642
19,298
758
59
University
of
Phoenix,
Southern
California
Calif.
3
1
 
4,880
8,300
21,896
9,438
12,458
21,896
0
60
University
of
Southern
California
...............
Calif.
2
1
28,374
27,971
28,739
28,766
15,109
13,657
22,839
5,927
61
Colorado
State
University
..........................
Colo.
1
1
26,828
26,340
26,635
27,036
12,911
14,125
19,911
7,125
62
Metropolitan
State
College
of
Denver
........
Colo.
1
1
17,400
16,932
17,273
17,716
7,662
10,054
9,460
8,256
63
University
of
Colorado
at
Boulder
..............
Colo.
1
1
28,600
27,624
28,157
28,851
15,093
13,758
22,500
6,351
64
University
of
Connecticut
...........................
Conn.
1
1
25,497
22,471
21,398
18,721
8,993
9,728
14,656
4,065
65
University
of
Delaware
...............................
Del.
1
1
20,818
21,365
21,346
21,206
9,070
12,136
17,105
4,101
66
George
Washington
University
..................
D.
C.
2
1
19,103
19,670
19,481
20,346
9,641
10,705
12,635
7,711
67
Broward
Community
College
.....................
Fla.
1
2
24,365
25,738
26,422
24,720
9,654
15,066
6,526
18,194
68
Florida
Atlantic
University,
Boca
Raton
.....
Fla.
1
1
12,767
17,704
19,396
20,126
7,739
12,387
9,318
10,808
69
Florida
Community
College
at
Jacksonville
Fla.
1
2
20,974
21,237
20,640
19,645
8,062
11,583
9,127
10,518
70
Florida
International
University
...................
Fla.
1
1
22,466
28,171
30,421
31,293
13,655
17,638
15,818
15,475
71
Florida
State
University
..............................
Fla.
1
1
28,170
30,155
31,071
32,878
14,582
18,296
26,395
6,483
72
Hillsborough
Community
College
...............
Fla.
1
2
19,134
20,311
16,750
17,319
7,132
10,187
4,779
12,540
73
Miami­
Dade
Community
College
...............
Fla.
1
2
50,078
47,060
48,222
47,152
18,931
28,221
14,158
32,994
74
Nova
Southeastern
University
....................
Fla.
2
1
9,562
13,941
16,050
17,810
6,215
11,595
9,095
8,715
75
Palm
Beach
Community
College
...............
Fla.
1
2
18,392
18,310
18,192
16,962
6,606
10,356
3,849
13,113
76
Saint
Petersburg
Junior
College
................
Fla.
1
2
20,012
21,176
19,547
19,964
8,146
11,818
5,800
14,164
77
University
of
Central
Florida
.......................
Fla.
1
1
21,541
26,556
30,206
31,673
14,095
17,578
19,781
11,892
253
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
 
Continued
Percent
minority
enrollment
1999
3
Enrollment,
by
level,
fall
1999
Earned
degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Financial
statistics,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
4
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1998
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1999
Line
no.

Undergraduate
Postbaccalaureate
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Firstprofessional
Doctor's
Current­
fund
expenditures,
public
institutions
Educational
and
general
expenditures,
public
institutions
Total
expenditures,
private
institutions
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
6
28
6
12,681,231
6
2,109,993
564,933
1,237,875
457,056
80,057
44,808
(
7)
(
7)
(
7)
10,698,775
10,943,609
 
31
4,339,422
952,206
103,492
529,810
197,984
29,226
29,435
(
7)
(
7)
16,773,563
3,916,329
4,004,596
 
10
18,669
3,451
0
4,182
723
127
186
389,033
334,417
 
20,016
20,338
1
16
14,645
4,099
0
2,569
1,153
181
150
320,397
258,206
 
16,382
16,885
2
28
10,420
4,678
0
1,562
1,051
254
125
1,165,958
553,506
 
12,024
12,117
3
20
14,167
579
480
724
203
0
0
121,793
110,060
 
9,556
9,407
4
22
33,948
10,267
0
6,622
2,207
159
286
623,191
549,722
 
36,350
36,898
5
28
19,131
0
779
0
0
0
0
44,092
40,165
 
9,596
10,053
6
25
22,295
0
1,013
0
0
0
0
60,454
54,666
 
12,680
13,250
7
20
13,947
6,034
0
2,969
1,871
0
52
229,074
200,078
 
15,871
15,818
8
40
30,548
0
1,192
0
0
0
0
90,841
89,711
 
14,378
16,178
9
25
26,258
8,068
0
4,932
1,254
307
405
848,114
758,736
 
29,552
29,815
10
13
12,240
2,927
0
1,889
758
104
86
312,801
274,063
 
13,086
13,196
11
32
21,934
0
1,141
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
10,175
10,830
12
29
15,503
967
0
3,545
287
0
0
180,531
168,737
 
15,379
15,596
13
69
15,842
2,179
0
2,585
301
0
0
147,747
141,838
 
14,759
15,135
14
20
13,397
1,864
0
2,401
314
0
0
139,864
133,664
 
13,856
14,081
15
52
14,765
3,556
0
2,833
580
0
7
161,418
157,644
 
15,361
15,698
16
56
22,449
4,718
0
4,522
889
0
0
221,368
193,693
 
20,114
21,467
17
58
24,109
5,902
0
4,158
1,099
0
0
228,083
214,062
 
22,763
24,223
18
83
13,732
6,051
0
2,500
843
0
0
161,489
155,988
 
14,690
14,805
19
54
21,560
6,387
0
3,921
857
0
0
259,626
242,175
 
21,362
22,052
20
43
19,343
5,187
0
3,721
910
0
0
201,466
194,600
 
19,270
19,931
21
83
20,450
0
1,085
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
9,428
10,086
22
68
27,986
0
991
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
13,893
13,819
23
41
14,614
0
721
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
6,365
6,995
24
63
23,264
0
1,131
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
12,779
12,682
25
37
19,216
0
649
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
10,850
10,850
26
97
15,771
0
1,059
0
0
0
0
60,627
60,627
 
7,950
8,451
27
71
22,616
0
939
0
0
0
0
74,204
69,187
 
11,420
11,743
28
43
15,283
0
561
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
7,129
7,758
29
62
16,739
0
1,071
0
0
0
0
62,055
57,504
 
9,066
9,261
30
52
18,211
0
886
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
9,897
9,966
31
32
16,159
0
991
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
9,062
9,319
32
68
18,730
0
758
0
0
0
0
78,531
77,878
 
9,095
9,335
33
72
22,715
0
1,114
0
0
0
0
104,387
104,387
 
12,362
12,362
34
37
5,072
11,993
38
1,352
2,090
0
0
 
 
67,297
10,783
13,276
35
43
21,942
0
1,147
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
12,147
11,867
36
34
20,492
0
1,103
0
0
0
0
73,849
67,872
 
10,151
10,151
37
79
22,978
0
1,267
0
0
0
0
82,255
82,255
 
12,204
12,430
38
52
22,320
0
1,270
0
0
0
0
78,214
68,427
 
11,095
10,764
39
55
17,003
0
924
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
8,757
9,078
40
26
18,054
0
840
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
9,039
9,218
41
44
20,859
0
969
0
0
0
0
46,189
40,934
 
10,699
10,627
42
46
25,631
5,782
0
5,201
1,558
0
32
436,149
374,534
 
25,848
25,960
43
60
21,135
6,566
0
3,987
1,187
0
1
253,557
242,450
 
21,741
22,011
44
53
15,562
0
1,095
0
0
0
0
57,080
55,406
 
8,160
8,589
45
64
20,732
6,205
0
3,956
1,414
0
0
234,216
216,867
 
20,644
20,834
46
73
18,196
0
1,328
0
0
0
0
105,391
99,019
 
8,228
8,332
47
60
26,372
0
1,280
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
13,049
13,987
48
19
21,728
0
1,808
0
0
0
0
85,897
79,022
 
11,190
11,415
49
14
16,631
0
1,478
0
0
0
0
(
8)
(
8)
 
8,731
8,813
50
83
16,349
0
975
0
0
0
0
67,416
60,046
 
8,570
8,808
51
37
7,784
10,299
0
1,737
2,040
263
589
 
 
1,619,713
14,308
14,751
52
57
22,593
8,754
0
6,169
1,636
340
756
1,124,668
1,058,791
 
29,407
29,708
53
48
19,517
5,575
0
4,698
658
377
357
1,476,796
793,466
 
23,327
23,632
54
68
15,361
3,916
0
3,334
630
85
202
823,687
598,914
 
17,480
18,576
55
57
24,668
11,683
0
6,220
2,054
613
606
2,450,479
1,508,583
 
34,737
35,345
56
52
16,230
3,664
0
3,530
408
130
294
1,296,435
920,530
 
18,772
19,297
57
34
17,699
2,357
0
4,519
477
0
232
410,265
361,766
 
18,882
19,597
58
50
18,280
3,616
4
3,052
1,241
0
0
 
 
91,176
8,300
21,896
59
47
15,594
13,172
0
3,814
2,841
636
481
 
 
1,106,093
25,022
25,113
60
11
20,667
6,369
0
3,621
1,053
129
180
458,197
383,906
 
22,327
22,621
61
24
17,716
0
0
2,172
0
0
0
91,983
81,069
 
12,594
12,792
62
14
22,976
5,875
0
4,734
1,046
172
266
(
8)
(
8)
 
24,260
24,904
63
15
12,353
6,368
18
2,802
1,145
209
275
477,069
398,344
 
17,790
16,220
64
12
18,098
3,108
8
3,327
709
0
164
441,912
392,896
 
18,646
18,722
65
28
8,695
11,651
124
1,504
2,729
582
236
 
 
697,858
14,935
15,633
66
51
24,720
0
1,859
0
0
0
0
95,290
86,418
 
13,894
12,634
67
30
16,470
3,656
108
3,194
727
0
43
226,686
210,364
 
13,187
13,571
68
32
19,645
0
2,421
0
0
0
0
102,773
102,773
 
10,300
12,658
69
76
25,709
5,584
0
4,127
1,444
0
58
277,419
249,567
 
21,030
21,908
70
23
25,965
6,913
382
5,342
1,400
220
263
470,717
396,864
 
27,377
28,898
71
37
17,319
0
1,537
0
0
0
0
62,729
58,986
 
8,020
8,989
72
88
47,152
0
3,985
0
0
0
0
228,950
227,591
 
25,776
25,235
73
38
4,218
13,592
0
950
2,660
659
587
 
 
242,555
11,452
12,471
74
32
16,962
0
1,881
0
0
0
0
55,830
55,344
 
8,771
8,252
75
16
19,964
0
2,384
0
0
0
0
77,832
76,981
 
10,405
10,555
76
24
26,485
5,188
185
5,417
1,280
0
66
274,333
235,029
 
23,034
24,415
77
254
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
 
Continued
Line
no.
Institution
State
Control
1
Type
2
Total
enrollment,
fall
1990
Total
enrollment,
fall
1995
Total
enrollment,
fall
1998
Total
enrollment,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
sex,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
attendance
status,
fall
1999
Men
Women
Full­
time
Part­
time
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
78
University
of
Florida
....................................................
Fla.
1
1
35,477
39,412
42,336
43,382
21,311
22,071
37,962
5,420
79
University
of
South
Florida
.........................................
Fla.
1
1
32,326
36,142
33,654
34,839
14,274
20,565
19,182
15,657
80
Valencia
Community
College
.....................................
Fla.
1
2
18,438
23,569
24,655
26,376
11,429
14,947
9,256
17,120
81
Georgia
State
University
............................................
Ga.
1
1
23,336
24,274
22,686
23,410
9,343
14,067
12,688
10,722
82
University
of
Georgia
..................................................
Ga.
1
1
28,395
30,149
30,009
30,912
13,768
17,144
26,678
4,234
83
University
of
Hawaii
at
Manoa
...................................
Hi.
1
1
18,799
19,769
17,004
17,612
7,783
9,829
12,439
5,173
84
Boise
State
University
................................................
Idaho
1
1
13,367
14,543
15,696
16,215
7,153
9,062
9,029
7,186
85
College
of
Du
Page
....................................................
Ill.
1
2
29,185
29,888
28,968
29,032
12,612
16,420
8,915
20,117
86
Depaul
University
.......................................................
Ill.
2
1
15,711
17,133
18,565
19,549
8,793
10,756
11,875
7,674
87
Illinois
State
University
...............................................
Ill.
1
1
22,662
19,756
20,394
20,470
8,453
12,017
17,215
3,255
88
Northern
Illinois
University
..........................................
Ill.
1
1
24,509
22,218
22,473
22,843
10,233
12,610
16,950
5,893
89
Northwestern
University
.............................................
Ill.
2
1
17,041
17,780
17,428
17,041
8,641
8,400
13,834
3,207
90
Southern
Illinois
University,
Carbondale
....................
Ill.
1
1
24,078
22,418
22,251
22,323
12,399
9,924
18,163
4,160
91
Triton
College
.............................................................
Ill.
1
2
16,759
15,362
17,815
18,697
8,164
10,533
3,603
15,094
92
University
of
Illinois
at
Chicago
..................................
Ill.
1
1
24,959
24,870
24,799
24,610
11,110
13,500
19,519
5,091
93
University
of
Illinois
at
Urbana
...................................
Ill.
1
1
38,163
38,420
38,307
38,851
20,573
18,278
34,551
4,300
94
William
Rainey
Harper
College
..................................
Ill.
1
2
16,509
15,106
14,986
14,817
6,398
8,419
4,826
9,991
95
Ball
State
University
...................................................
Ind.
1
1
20,343
20,014
18,924
18,638
8,598
10,040
15,580
3,058
96
Indiana
University,
Bloomington
.................................
Ind.
1
1
35,451
35,063
35,600
36,201
17,002
19,199
30,971
5,230
97
Indiana
U.­
Purdue
U.
at
Indianapolis
.........................
Ind.
1
1
27,517
26,939
27,821
27,587
11,621
15,966
14,535
13,052
98
Purdue
University,
Main
Campus
...............................
Ind.
1
1
37,588
36,427
38,757
39,471
22,975
16,496
34,084
5,387
99
Iowa
State
University
..................................................
Iowa
1
1
25,737
24,673
25,585
26,110
14,520
11,590
22,307
3,803
100
University
of
Iowa
.......................................................
Iowa
1
1
28,785
28,052
28,705
28,846
13,644
15,202
22,516
6,330
101
Johnson
County
Community
College
.........................
Kans.
1
2
13,740
15,477
15,572
16,046
7,279
8,767
4,857
11,189
102
Kansas
State
University
.............................................
Kans.
1
1
21,137
19,681
20,885
21,543
11,175
10,368
17,043
4,500
103
University
of
Kansas,
Main
Campus
..........................
Kans.
1
1
26,434
25,036
25,155
25,406
12,016
13,390
19,848
5,558
104
Eastern
Kentucky
University
......................................
Ky.
1
1
15,290
15,703
15,366
14,976
6,096
8,880
10,558
4,418
105
University
of
Kentucky
................................................
Ky.
1
1
22,538
23,794
23,707
23,060
10,976
12,084
18,522
4,538
106
University
of
Louisville
................................................
Ky.
1
1
22,979
20,559
20,195
19,892
9,020
10,872
12,687
7,205
107
Western
Kentucky
University
.....................................
Ky.
1
1
15,170
14,675
14,866
15,114
6,090
9,024
10,887
4,227
108
Louisiana
St.
U.
&
A.&
M.
&
Hebert
Laws
Center
.....
La.
1
1
26,112
26,573
30,533
31,639
15,008
16,631
26,742
4,897
109
Southeastern
Louisiana
University
.............................
La.
1
1
10,262
14,238
15,308
15,175
5,625
9,550
11,837
3,338
110
University
of
Louisiana
at
Lafayette
...........................
La.
1
1
15,764
16,902
16,933
16,351
7,134
9,217
12,722
3,629
111
University
of
New
Orleans
..........................................
La.
1
1
15,322
15,483
15,629
15,868
6,686
9,182
9,752
6,116
112
Johns
Hopkins
University
...........................................
Md.
2
1
13,363
15,765
17,089
17,801
8,911
8,890
8,842
8,959
113
Towson
State
University
.............................................
Md.
1
1
15,035
14,643
15,923
16,647
6,251
10,396
12,183
4,464
114
University
of
Maryland,
College
Park
Campus
..........
Md.
1
1
34,829
32,908
32,925
32,864
16,962
15,902
26,299
6,565
115
University
of
Maryland,
University
College
................
Md.
1
1
14,476
14,204
14,142
15,673
7,120
8,553
1,691
13,982
116
Boston
College
...........................................................
Mass.
2
1
14,502
14,729
14,745
14,773
6,750
8,023
11,733
3,040
117
Boston
University
........................................................
Mass.
2
1
27,996
29,132
29,131
28,487
12,487
16,000
23,187
5,300
118
Harvard
University
......................................................
Mass.
2
1
22,851
24,687
24,373
24,214
12,504
11,710
17,819
6,395
119
Northeastern
University
..............................................
Mass.
2
1
30,510
24,605
24,027
23,556
11,653
11,903
15,375
8,181
120
University
of
Massachusetts,
Amherst
.......................
Mass.
1
1
26,025
25,267
24,545
25,031
12,331
12,700
20,022
5,009
121
Central
Michigan
University
........................................
Mich.
1
1
18,286
23,575
25,595
26,321
11,016
15,305
17,385
8,936
122
Eastern
Michigan
University
.......................................
Mich.
1
1
25,011
23,142
22,463
22,956
8,868
14,088
13,293
9,663
123
Grand
Valley
State
University
....................................
Mich.
1
1
11,725
13,887
16,751
17,452
6,800
10,652
12,056
5,396
124
Lansing
Community
College
......................................
Mich.
1
2
22,343
16,404
16,443
16,677
7,587
9,090
4,634
12,043
125
Macomb
Community
College
.....................................
Mich.
1
2
31,538
25,176
23,163
21,718
10,572
11,146
5,492
16,226
126
Michigan
State
University
...........................................
Mich.
1
1
44,307
40,647
43,189
43,038
19,969
23,069
35,075
7,963
127
Oakland
Community
College,
Bloomfield
Hills
...........
Mich.
1
2
28,069
25,913
24,237
23,244
9,515
13,729
5,527
17,717
128
Oakland
University
.....................................................
Mich.
1
1
12,400
13,600
14,271
14,726
5,165
9,561
8,398
6,328
129
University
of
Michigan,
Ann
Arbor
..............................
Mich.
1
1
36,391
36,687
37,197
37,846
19,997
17,849
34,271
3,575
130
Wayne
State
University
..............................................
Mich.
1
1
33,872
32,149
31,203
31,025
13,132
17,893
14,136
16,889
131
Western
Michigan
University
......................................
Mich.
1
1
26,989
26,537
26,575
27,744
12,462
15,282
18,925
8,819
132
University
of
Minnesota,
Twin
Cities
..........................
Minn.
1
1
57,168
51,445
46,973
45,361
21,577
23,784
28,887
16,474
133
Mississippi
State
University
........................................
Miss.
1
1
14,391
14,330
15,718
16,076
8,715
7,361
12,794
3,282
134
Southwest
Missouri
State
University
..........................
Mo.
1
1
19,480
16,439
16,794
17,388
7,573
9,815
12,547
4,841
135
University
of
Missouri,
Columbia
................................
Mo.
1
1
25,058
22,356
22,780
22,930
10,958
11,972
19,689
3,241
136
University
of
Missouri,
St.
Louis
.................................
Mo.
1
1
15,393
15,972
15,880
15,594
5,994
9,600
5,964
9,630
137
University
of
Nebraska
at
Lincoln
..............................
Nebr.
1
1
24,453
24,320
22,408
22,142
11,620
10,522
18,013
4,129
138
Community
College
of
Southern
Nevada
...................
Nev.
1
2
14,161
20,417
28,854
33,402
15,639
17,763
5,849
27,553
139
University
of
Nevada,
Las
Vegas
...............................
Nev.
1
1
17,937
18,842
21,001
21,820
9,669
12,151
10,671
11,149
140
University
of
New
Hampshire,
Main
Campus
............
N.
H.
1
1
13,260
15,466
14,538
14,677
5,955
8,722
11,262
3,415
141
Rutgers
University,
New
Brunswick
...........................
N.
J.
1
1
33,016
33,773
34,761
35,308
15,864
19,444
27,573
7,735
142
Albuquerque
Technical­
Vocational
Institute
...............
N.
Mex.
1
2
9,739
15,225
16,245
16,202
6,937
9,265
5,107
11,095
143
New
Mexico
State
University,
Main
Campus
.............
N.
Mex.
1
1
14,812
15,127
15,409
15,449
7,219
8,230
11,193
4,256
144
University
of
New
Mexico,
Main
Campus
..................
N.
Mex.
1
1
23,950
24,605
23,852
24,374
10,359
14,015
15,830
8,544
145
Columbia
University
in
the
City
of
New
York
.............
N.
Y.
2
1
18,242
19,302
20,504
21,167
10,500
10,667
16,951
4,216
146
CUNY,
Bernard
M.
Baruch
College
...........................
N.
Y.
1
1
15,849
15,433
14,981
15,254
6,838
8,416
9,176
6,078
147
CUNY,
Borough
of
Manhattan
Community
College
...
N.
Y.
1
2
14,819
16,334
16,022
14,993
5,456
9,537
9,619
5,374
148
CUNY,
Brooklyn
College
............................................
N.
Y.
1
1
16,605
16,282
14,973
15,057
5,309
9,748
7,077
7,980
149
CUNY,
Hunter
College
...............................................
N.
Y.
1
1
19,639
18,250
19,611
20,001
5,646
14,355
10,535
9,466
150
CUNY,
Kingsborough
Community
College
................
N.
Y.
1
2
13,809
14,553
15,175
15,083
5,977
9,106
6,542
8,541
151
CUNY,
Queens
College
.............................................
N.
Y.
1
1
18,072
17,522
16,195
15,686
5,442
10,244
7,556
8,130
152
Monroe
Community
College
.......................................
N.
Y.
1
2
13,545
14,633
14,541
14,815
7,046
7,769
6,876
7,939
153
Nassau
Community
College
.......................................
N.
Y.
1
2
21,537
21,737
20,337
20,099
9,473
10,626
10,917
9,182
154
New
York
University
...................................................
N.
Y.
2
1
32,813
35,835
36,719
37,132
15,627
21,505
26,213
10,919
155
Saint
John's
University,
New
York
.............................
N.
Y.
2
1
19,105
17,393
18,336
18,478
7,855
10,623
12,241
6,237
255
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
 
Continued
Percent
minority
enrollment
1999
3
Enrollment,
by
level,
fall
1999
Earned
degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Financial
statistics,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
4
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1998
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1999
Line
no.

Undergraduate
Postbaccalaureate
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Firstprofessional
Doctor's
Current­
fund
expenditures,
public
institutions
Educational
and
general
expenditures,
public
institutions
Total
expenditures,
private
institutions
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
24
31,633
11,749
419
7,654
2,138
824
516
1,070,844
988,245
 
39,059
40,120
78
25
26,569
8,270
177
4,733
1,544
93
131
548,574
487,025
 
24,116
25,282
79
38
26,376
0
2,954
0
0
0
0
91,784
82,639
 
13,944
15,004
80
36
16,309
7,101
0
2,628
1,766
171
107
308,782
293,779
 
16,212
16,898
81
11
24,040
6,872
0
4,867
1,107
373
352
787,141
728,002
 
27,523
28,325
82
75
11,939
5,673
0
2,508
1,040
128
153
471,783
423,322
 
14,070
14,398
83
9
14,576
1,639
162
1,400
275
0
6
153,721
124,156
 
11,184
11,875
84
24
29,032
0
1,558
0
0
0
0
98,233
89,024
 
15,418
15,669
85
32
11,776
7,773
0
2,115
1,964
338
25
 
 
218,058
13,833
14,896
86
12
17,705
2,765
0
4,070
657
0
43
259,355
209,980
 
18,329
18,456
87
22
16,893
5,950
0
3,277
1,239
81
105
288,599
230,859
 
18,703
19,166
88
27
9,477
7,564
0
2,007
2,159
427
321
 
 
758,327
15,279
15,076
89
21
17,829
4,494
214
4,429
813
191
119
360,808
324,990
 
19,734
19,749
90
37
18,697
0
727
0
0
0
0
55,556
51,029
 
8,568
8,671
91
48
16,170
8,440
0
2,928
1,587
513
201
1,046,227
723,013
 
21,607
21,467
92
25
28,916
9,935
0
6,370
2,281
278
597
1,041,916
920,103
 
35,631
36,188
93
30
14,817
0
1,092
0
0
0
0
72,389
66,044
 
8,183
8,180
94
8
16,114
2,524
260
2,822
672
0
65
262,479
226,777
 
16,928
16,752
95
10
28,511
7,690
72
5,203
1,655
259
409
930,667
559,014
 
32,261
32,972
96
14
20,416
7,171
572
2,156
689
604
43
645,567
533,272
 
19,764
19,722
97
10
32,526
6,945
858
5,470
1,286
176
468
822,049
690,316
 
35,342
36,178
98
8
21,503
4,607
0
4,039
758
99
238
621,336
511,991
 
23,203
23,764
99
10
19,537
9,309
0
3,857
1,294
550
317
1,257,163
656,114
 
24,858
24,949
100
11
16,046
0
880
0
0
0
0
85,668
79,590
 
8,367
8,614
101
8
17,903
3,640
99
3,154
633
97
132
323,061
299,931
 
18,036
18,778
102
10
18,995
6,411
0
3,235
1,267
277
246
417,935
354,632
 
21,702
21,944
103
5
13,057
1,919
226
1,663
426
0
0
158,957
142,608
 
12,701
12,278
104
9
16,841
6,219
0
3,187
1,060
369
249
978,773
654,713
 
20,796
20,266
105
16
14,694
5,198
80
1,750
996
310
76
411,346
361,598
 
15,658
15,500
106
9
12,912
2,202
273
1,753
511
0
0
136,357
122,845
 
12,273
12,520
107
17
25,911
5,728
0
3,830
1,064
235
275
520,375
441,475
 
27,338
28,643
108
16
13,476
1,699
73
1,536
318
0
0
79,654
70,956
 
13,231
13,132
109
23
14,900
1,451
78
1,873
323
0
33
128,718
110,465
 
14,627
14,156
110
35
11,872
3,996
0
1,343
708
0
63
132,236
121,729
 
11,798
12,107
111
22
5,498
12,303
0
1,318
2,774
112
351
 
 
1,695,940
11,691
12,275
112
17
13,981
2,666
0
2,420
579
0
0
176,356
132,949
 
13,284
13,900
113
33
24,717
8,147
0
4,971
1,634
0
461
794,012
687,963
 
28,515
28,794
114
44
11,603
4,070
48
2,075
743
0
0
69,113
68,859
 
6,462
7,176
115
18
10,025
4,748
0
2,416
1,150
300
116
 
 
333,192
12,741
12,906
116
24
18,018
10,469
8
3,773
3,063
603
274
 
 
853,056
25,660
25,239
117
33
10,148
14,066
12
1,824
2,852
800
602
 
 
1,784,112
20,214
20,299
118
19
19,228
4,328
244
2,534
1,316
189
76
 
 
341,968
18,573
18,571
119
17
19,372
5,659
86
4,038
999
0
276
534,568
427,439
 
21,310
21,901
120
14
17,866
8,455
0
2,944
2,542
0
25
274,289
232,580
 
19,940
20,736
121
20
18,043
4,913
0
2,739
1,185
0
10
203,659
175,567
 
16,523
17,029
122
9
14,229
3,223
0
2,019
736
0
0
132,675
117,288
 
13,447
14,123
123
17
16,677
0
591
0
0
0
0
69,609
68,975
 
8,441
8,677
124
9
21,718
0
2,342
0
0
0
0
80,384
72,087
 
11,429
10,940
125
16
33,966
9,072
0
6,897
1,893
315
444
1,002,881
834,536
 
38,330
38,150
126
21
23,244
0
1,372
0
0
0
0
109,932
103,211
 
11,907
11,475
127
12
11,654
3,072
0
1,715
877
0
11
123,545
105,266
 
10,337
10,857
128
27
24,493
13,353
0
5,603
2,783
627
629
2,559,188
1,386,888
 
34,997
35,623
129
38
18,393
12,632
0
2,327
2,475
458
222
532,935
515,976
 
21,206
20,777
130
10
21,829
5,915
0
3,866
1,422
0
55
307,481
232,359
 
21,127
22,279
131
15
32,342
13,019
0
4,880
2,814
708
604
1,564,977
1,447,367
 
36,472
35,329
132
20
12,879
3,197
0
2,418
692
49
128
354,291
318,695
 
13,747
14,056
133
6
14,515
2,873
0
2,117
550
0
0
159,459
136,841
 
13,994
14,413
134
11
17,811
5,119
0
3,840
905
314
256
845,383
534,333
 
20,658
20,928
135
17
12,986
2,608
0
1,695
508
44
37
128,147
116,255
 
9,743
9,766
136
7
17,804
4,338
3
3,115
687
119
251
463,027
367,436
 
19,761
19,594
137
39
33,402
0
840
0
0
0
0
68,990
68,604
 
13,027
15,100
138
28
17,173
4,647
0
2,594
728
0
31
219,779
174,005
 
14,797
15,050
139
4
11,893
2,784
180
2,478
575
0
49
284,499
226,455
 
12,442
12,563
140
34
27,799
7,509
0
5,601
1,403
83
371
 
 
 
29,736
30,501
141
54
16,202
0
843
0
0
0
0
61,748
60,939
 
8,761
8,832
142
47
12,831
2,618
84
1,830
592
0
76
273,997
233,669
 
12,734
12,854
143
40
16,874
7,500
7
2,723
976
226
184
806,221
469,137
 
18,493
19,117
144
29
7,763
13,404
0
1,572
3,914
622
461
 
 
1,418,056
18,161
18,581
145
66
12,598
2,656
0
2,168
824
0
0
96,703
96,162
 
11,353
11,557
146
90
14,993
0
1,876
0
0
0
0
80,757
80,478
 
11,883
11,423
147
48
10,183
4,874
0
1,396
741
0
0
119,780
119,321
 
10,280
10,108
148
55
15,568
4,433
0
1,813
941
0
0
132,454
132,211
 
13,951
14,199
149
52
15,083
0
1,313
0
0
0
0
74,063
73,583
 
9,555
9,410
150
39
11,566
4,120
0
2,058
1,040
0
0
129,274
127,292
 
11,233
10,680
151
22
14,815
0
2,039
0
0
0
0
85,652
79,285
 
9,397
9,541
152
32
20,099
0
2,899
0
0
0
0
132,290
132,290
 
14,045
14,000
153
37
18,204
18,928
593
3,972
4,959
883
402
 
 
1,402,433
29,844
30,422
154
39
14,035
4,443
191
2,180
863
310
50
 
 
203,844
14,612
14,709
155
256
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
 
Continued
Line
no.
Institution
State
Control
1
Type
2
Total
enrollment,
fall
1990
Total
enrollment,
fall
1995
Total
enrollment,
fall
1998
Total
enrollment,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
sex,
fall
1999
Enrollment,
by
attendance
status,
fall
1999
Men
Women
Full­
time
Part­
time
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
156
SUNY
at
Albany
.........................................................
N.
Y.
1
1
17,400
15,996
16,866
16,901
7,984
8,917
12,763
4,138
157
SUNY
at
Buffalo
.........................................................
N.
Y.
1
1
27,638
24,493
23,370
24,256
12,706
11,550
19,018
5,238
158
SUNY
at
Stony
Brook
.................................................
N.
Y.
1
1
17,624
17,665
18,628
19,139
9,029
10,110
14,464
4,675
159
Syracuse
University
....................................................
N.
Y.
2
1
21,900
18,804
18,293
18,535
8,483
10,052
14,348
4,187
160
Central
Piedmont
Community
College
.......................
N.
C.
1
2
16,311
15,176
14,901
14,811
6,493
8,318
4,131
10,680
161
East
Carolina
University
.............................................
N.
C.
1
1
17,564
17,923
18,263
18,811
7,631
11,180
15,532
3,279
162
North
Carolina
State
University
at
Raleigh
................
N.
C.
1
1
27,199
28,250
27,960
28,011
16,257
11,754
20,496
7,515
163
University
of
North
Carolina
at
Chapel
Hill
................
N.
C.
1
1
23,878
24,439
24,255
24,653
10,024
14,629
20,573
4,080
164
University
of
North
Carolina
at
Charlotte
...................
N.
C.
1
1
14,699
16,069
16,861
16,950
7,707
9,243
11,244
5,706
165
Bowling
Green
State
University,
Main
Campus
.........
Ohio
1
1
18,657
17,554
17,735
18,199
7,626
10,573
15,353
2,846
166
Cleveland
State
University
.........................................
Ohio
1
1
19,214
15,566
16,326
15,683
7,043
8,640
8,605
7,078
167
Columbus
State
Community
College
.........................
Ohio
1
2
13,290
16,013
16,600
17,662
7,559
10,103
6,639
11,023
168
Cuyahoga
Community
College
District
......................
Ohio
1
2
23,157
22,785
18,415
19,435
6,897
12,538
6,730
12,705
169
Kent
State
University,
Main
Campus
.........................
Ohio
1
1
24,434
20,972
20,947
21,653
8,585
13,068
16,324
5,329
170
Miami
University,
Oxford
............................................
Ohio
1
1
15,835
15,745
16,328
16,575
7,400
9,175
15,322
1,253
171
Ohio
State
University,
Main
Campus
.........................
Ohio
1
1
54,087
48,676
48,511
48,003
24,404
23,599
39,609
8,394
172
Ohio
University,
Main
Campus
...................................
Ohio
1
1
18,505
19,727
19,647
19,638
9,005
10,633
17,822
1,816
173
Sinclair
Community
College
.......................................
Ohio
1
2
16,367
17,344
17,325
18,345
7,920
10,425
6,079
12,266
174
University
of
Akron,
Main
Campus
.............................
Ohio
1
1
28,801
23,640
21,851
21,687
9,809
11,878
13,958
7,729
175
University
of
Cincinnati,
Main
Campus
......................
Ohio
1
1
31,013
28,373
28,162
27,467
13,849
13,618
19,471
7,996
176
University
of
Toledo
....................................................
Ohio
1
1
24,691
21,991
20,411
20,037
9,327
10,710
13,790
6,247
177
Oklahoma
State
University,
Main
Campus
................
Okla.
1
1
19,827
19,196
20,323
21,014
11,249
9,765
15,752
5,262
178
Tulsa
Junior
College
...................................................
Okla.
1
2
17,955
18,632
16,503
15,971
6,627
9,344
4,736
11,235
179
University
of
Oklahoma,
Norman
Campus
.................
Okla.
1
1
20,774
22,299
23,488
23,694
12,085
11,609
17,353
6,341
180
Oregon
State
University
.............................................
Oreg.
1
1
16,361
14,449
15,176
16,041
8,548
7,493
14,097
1,944
181
Portland
Community
College
......................................
Oreg.
1
2
21,888
26,540
21,353
22,401
10,261
12,140
5,692
16,709
182
Portland
State
University
............................................
Oreg.
1
1
16,921
15,600
17,186
18,184
7,776
10,408
9,293
8,891
183
University
of
Oregon
...................................................
Oreg.
1
1
18,840
17,470
17,318
17,236
8,134
9,102
14,876
2,360
184
Community
College
of
Allegheny
County
..................
Pa.
1
2
20,553
17,723
16,477
15,230
6,780
8,450
5,747
9,483
185
Community
College
of
Philadelphia
...........................
Pa.
1
2
15,151
17,865
16,501
16,199
5,782
10,417
5,129
11,070
186
Pennsylvania
State
University,
Main
Campus
...........
Pa.
1
1
38,864
39,646
41,114
40,658
21,976
18,682
36,720
3,938
187
Temple
University
.......................................................
Pa.
1
1
29,714
29,028
27,539
28,124
12,216
15,908
18,726
9,398
188
University
of
Pennsylvania
.........................................
Pa.
2
1
21,868
22,148
21,729
21,855
10,905
10,950
17,854
4,001
189
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Main
Campus
......................
Pa.
1
1
28,120
26,083
25,872
26,162
12,342
13,820
20,459
5,703
190
Community
College
of
Rhode
Island
.........................
R.
I.
1
2
16,620
15,889
15,366
15,610
5,938
9,672
4,983
10,627
191
Clemson
University
.....................................................
S.
C.
1
1
15,714
16,318
16,685
16,982
9,181
7,801
14,545
2,437
192
University
of
South
Carolina
at
Columbia
..................
S.
C.
1
1
25,613
26,346
25,250
23,430
10,277
13,153
17,520
5,910
193
Middle
Tennessee
State
University
............................
Tenn.
1
1
14,865
17,424
18,432
18,993
8,726
10,267
14,705
4,288
194
University
of
Memphis
................................................
Tenn.
1
1
20,681
19,975
20,100
20,301
8,518
11,783
13,362
6,939
195
University
of
Tennessee,
Knoxville
............................
Tenn.
1
1
26,055
25,723
26,042
26,437
12,741
13,696
21,968
4,469
196
Austin
Community
College
.........................................
Tex.
1
2
24,251
25,620
25,626
26,135
12,046
14,089
6,596
19,539
197
Central
Texas
College
................................................
Tex.
1
2
4,815
14,746
15,238
14,636
8,557
6,079
2,805
11,831
198
El
Paso
Community
College
......................................
Tex.
1
2
17,081
21,856
20,744
18,680
7,321
11,359
7,809
10,871
199
Houston
Community
College
System
........................
Tex.
1
2
36,437
39,541
37,616
37,882
16,922
20,960
10,558
27,324
200
North
Harris­
Montgomery
Community
College
..........
Tex.
1
2
15,653
19,251
20,998
22,113
8,924
13,189
7,968
14,145
201
San
Antonio
College
...................................................
Tex.
1
2
20,083
19,319
18,585
19,356
8,126
11,230
7,358
11,998
202
Southwest
Texas
State
University
.............................
Tex.
1
1
20,940
20,917
21,481
21,769
9,691
12,078
16,058
5,711
203
Tarrant
County
Junior
College
...................................
Tex.
1
2
28,161
25,953
25,570
25,968
11,058
14,910
9,191
16,777
204
Texas
A&
M
University
................................................
Tex.
1
1
41,171
41,790
43,389
43,817
23,466
20,351
39,565
4,252
205
Texas
Tech
University
................................................
Tex.
1
1
25,363
24,185
24,158
24,249
12,973
11,276
20,698
3,551
206
The
University
of
Texas
at
Arlington
..........................
Tex.
1
1
24,782
22,121
18,662
19,149
9,145
10,004
11,532
7,617
207
The
University
of
Texas
at
Austin
..............................
Tex.
1
1
49,617
47,905
48,906
49,009
24,678
24,331
43,119
5,890
208
The
University
of
Texas
at
El
Paso
...........................
Tex.
1
1
16,524
16,275
14,677
14,695
6,784
7,911
9,612
5,083
209
The
University
of
Texas
at
San
Antonio
....................
Tex.
1
1
15,489
17,389
18,397
18,608
8,317
10,291
11,361
7,247
210
University
of
Houston,
University
Park
.......................
Tex.
1
1
33,115
30,766
32,296
32,651
15,118
17,533
20,739
11,912
211
University
of
North
Texas
...........................................
Tex.
1
1
27,160
25,114
25,514
26,493
11,988
14,505
17,864
8,629
212
Brigham
Young
University
..........................................
Utah
2
1
31,662
31,300
32,202
32,731
15,707
17,024
28,230
4,501
213
Salt
Lake
Community
College
....................................
Utah
1
2
13,344
19,568
18,691
20,799
11,024
9,775
6,823
13,976
214
University
of
Utah
.......................................................
Utah
1
1
24,922
27,137
25,214
25,781
14,205
11,576
16,219
9,562
215
Utah
State
University
..................................................
Utah
1
1
15,155
19,861
19,322
20,865
9,794
11,071
12,610
8,255
216
Utah
Valley
State
College
..........................................
Utah
1
1
7,879
14,041
18,174
20,062
10,795
9,267
8,811
11,251
217
Weber
State
University
...............................................
Utah
1
1
13,449
13,996
13,900
14,984
7,163
7,821
8,956
6,028
218
George
Mason
University
...........................................
Va.
1
1
20,308
24,172
24,010
24,180
10,580
13,600
12,412
11,768
219
James
Madison
University
.........................................
Va.
1
1
11,251
12,121
14,996
15,223
6,521
8,702
13,711
1,512
220
Northern
Virginia
Community
College
........................
Va.
1
2
35,194
37,144
36,216
36,655
16,297
20,358
10,191
26,464
221
Old
Dominion
University
.............................................
Va.
1
1
16,729
17,077
18,552
18,873
8,265
10,608
10,164
8,709
222
Tidewater
Community
College
...................................
Va.
1
2
17,726
16,780
18,260
19,024
7,873
11,151
5,831
13,193
223
University
of
Virginia,
Main
Campus
..........................
Va.
1
1
21,110
21,728
22,099
22,433
9,880
12,553
17,885
4,548
224
Virginia
Commonwealth
University
.............................
Va.
1
1
21,764
21,349
23,125
23,481
9,248
14,233
14,809
8,672
225
Virginia
Polytechnic
Institute
and
State
U.
.................
Va.
1
1
25,568
25,492
27,663
27,910
16,451
11,459
24,884
3,026
226
University
of
Washington,
Seattle
..............................
Wash.
1
1
33,854
33,996
35,108
35,559
17,243
18,316
29,723
5,836
227
Washington
State
University
......................................
Wash.
1
1
18,412
19,571
20,641
20,799
10,116
10,683
16,796
4,003
228
Marshall
University
.....................................................
W.
Va.
1
1
12,407
12,461
16,008
15,633
7,025
8,608
10,209
5,424
229
West
Virginia
University
.............................................
W.
Va.
1
1
20,854
21,517
22,238
22,315
11,187
11,128
18,136
4,179
230
Milwaukee
Area
Technical
College
............................
Wisc.
1
2
21,600
21,903
19,648
18,355
8,631
9,724
4,825
13,530
231
University
of
Wisconsin,
Madison
..............................
Wisc.
1
1
43,209
39,005
39,565
40,099
19,386
20,713
34,687
5,412
232
University
of
Wisconsin,
Milwaukee
...........................
Wisc.
1
1
26,020
21,891
22,484
23,149
10,227
12,922
15,321
7,828
 
Not
applicable.
1
Publicly
controlled
institutions
are
identified
by
a
``
1;''
private,
not­
for­
profit,
by
a
``
2;''
and
private,
for­
profit,
by
a
``
3.''
2
The
types
of
institutions
are
identified
as
follows:
``
1''
for
4­
year
institutions;
and
``
2''
for
2­
year
institutions.
3
Proportion
based
on
enrollment
of
U.
S.
citizens.
4
Due
to
changes
in
survey
instruments,
public
colleges
are
to
report
data
on
currentfund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures,
and
private
colleges
are
to
report
data
on
total
expenditures.

5
Data
for
totals
of
enrollment
in
1990
and
1995
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education,
rather
than
degree­
granting
institutions.
257
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
217.
 
Selected
statistics
for
degree­
granting
institutions
enrolling
more
than
14,600
students
in
1999
 
Continued
Percent
minority
enrollment
1999
3
Enrollment,
by
level,
fall
1999
Earned
degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Financial
statistics,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
4
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1998
Full­
timeequivalent
enrollment,
fall
1999
Line
no.

Undergraduate
Postbaccalaureate
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Firstprofessional
Doctor's
Current­
fund
expenditures,
public
institutions
Educational
and
general
expenditures,
public
institutions
Total
expenditures,
private
institutions
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
23
11,737
5,164
0
2,391
1,190
0
155
269,362
232,972
 
13,935
14,308
156
22
16,258
7,998
15
3,077
1,367
438
303
546,706
500,671
 
19,946
21,002
157
41
12,690
6,449
0
2,270
1,263
138
244
854,436
453,360
 
15,829
16,208
158
18
12,469
6,066
1
2,370
1,473
231
147
 
 
399,749
15,595
15,962
159
32
14,811
0
601
0
0
0
0
52,721
46,578
 
7,712
7,717
160
17
15,246
3,565
0
2,744
917
71
10
349,379
219,108
 
16,217
16,778
161
18
21,684
6,327
177
3,710
1,166
73
316
713,962
620,917
 
23,112
23,382
162
18
15,434
9,219
0
3,387
1,723
588
425
1,179,286
905,039
 
21,572
22,112
163
24
14,195
2,755
0
2,329
687
0
19
175,074
134,359
 
13,406
13,461
164
8
15,444
2,755
0
2,725
848
0
93
238,530
181,542
 
16,061
16,440
165
27
10,457
5,226
0
1,404
909
232
32
167,565
153,676
 
11,254
11,334
166
23
17,662
0
1,207
0
0
0
0
75,354
69,478
 
9,537
10,340
167
35
19,435
0
1,506
0
0
0
0
131,494
124,796
 
10,225
10,996
168
10
17,275
4,378
0
2,922
1,000
0
156
250,211
200,878
 
17,612
18,378
169
8
15,288
1,287
196
3,705
479
0
50
265,618
192,895
 
15,449
15,814
170
16
36,092
11,911
325
6,746
2,310
679
620
1,689,602
1,103,455
 
43,058
42,864
171
6
16,554
3,084
50
3,899
966
102
120
325,726
263,796
 
18,531
18,526
172
22
18,345
0
1,060
0
0
0
0
83,677
76,989
 
9,776
10,197
173
18
17,675
4,012
570
1,946
927
151
114
256,719
226,262
 
17,096
17,005
174
19
20,381
7,086
292
2,812
1,185
272
238
559,706
500,788
 
23,107
22,586
175
18
16,225
3,812
290
2,252
785
182
85
240,613
209,798
 
16,405
16,242
176
15
16,810
4,204
0
2,836
908
72
185
371,641
296,757
 
17,522
17,792
177
18
15,971
0
1,361
0
0
0
0
69,950
63,012
 
8,505
8,508
178
24
17,126
6,568
0
2,748
1,501
201
167
370,455
303,702
 
19,498
19,744
179
15
13,168
2,873
0
2,599
588
41
158
387,618
340,963
 
13,885
14,853
180
21
22,401
0
1,115
0
0
0
0
110,938
102,134
 
10,906
11,302
181
19
12,696
5,488
0
2,148
1,092
0
31
158,182
139,313
 
11,925
12,730
182
14
13,610
3,626
0
3,066
831
184
138
293,977
233,063
 
15,844
15,791
183
17
15,230
0
1,278
0
0
0
0
85,607
82,267
 
9,645
8,931
184
66
16,199
0
1,048
0
0
0
0
81,579
81,043
 
8,988
8,846
185
12
34,505
6,153
70
8,981
1,183
0
513
1,012,766
875,419
 
38,659
38,230
186
37
18,175
9,949
10
3,119
1,469
747
263
1,260,629
472,841
 
21,727
22,363
187
25
11,814
10,041
15
2,804
2,252
589
427
 
 
2,959,950
19,296
19,412
188
15
17,168
8,994
0
2,978
1,974
541
316
827,842
770,246
 
22,199
22,630
189
17
15,610
0
1,185
0
0
0
0
64,045
59,548
 
8,408
8,551
190
10
13,526
3,456
0
2,554
858
0
116
391,364
331,881
 
14,994
15,462
191
22
15,551
7,879
12
2,973
2,010
388
246
404,219
354,282
 
20,814
19,786
192
14
17,037
1,956
4
2,427
477
0
7
144,146
128,837
 
15,778
16,376
193
34
15,428
4,873
0
1,953
981
160
109
206,164
195,629
 
15,899
16,053
194
9
20,259
6,178
0
3,681
1,733
226
286
524,460
460,434
 
22,970
23,679
195
33
26,135
0
768
0
0
0
0
94,249
93,162
 
12,912
13,156
196
50
14,636
0
2,101
0
0
0
0
57,126
50,976
 
6,729
6,777
197
89
18,680
0
734
0
0
0
0
93,643
92,569
 
11,436
11,459
198
65
37,882
0
1,003
0
0
0
0
158,800
158,346
 
19,770
19,732
199
30
22,113
0
859
0
0
0
0
84,066
81,356
 
11,908
12,717
200
58
19,356
0
737
0
0
0
0
64,845
64,542
 
11,024
11,386
201
26
18,856
2,913
0
3,421
776
0
2
179,377
139,666
 
17,860
18,278
202
28
25,968
0
1,804
0
0
0
0
109,133
101,094
 
14,539
14,824
203
16
36,082
7,735
0
7,512
1,388
118
490
1,032,818
905,052
 
40,777
41,200
204
16
20,227
4,022
0
3,587
835
180
141
326,061
274,475
 
22,074
22,077
205
35
15,266
3,883
0
2,863
988
0
78
178,993
162,274
 
14,113
14,514
206
30
37,159
11,850
0
7,826
2,545
512
659
999,584
881,317
 
45,352
45,452
207
81
12,534
2,161
0
1,744
440
0
20
156,861
134,986
 
11,466
11,603
208
54
15,796
2,812
0
2,454
598
0
4
131,755
125,012
 
13,914
14,193
209
51
24,672
7,979
0
3,551
1,389
465
204
346,077
300,779
 
24,942
25,438
210
22
20,449
6,044
0
3,406
1,128
0
160
225,515
191,179
 
20,243
21,186
211
6
30,037
2,694
0
7,194
1,054
142
64
 
 
580,187
29,184
29,989
212
11
20,799
0
1,968
0
0
0
0
87,445
78,088
 
10,195
11,515
213
10
20,840
4,941
0
3,639
933
240
215
1,177,096
786,876
 
19,470
20,011
214
4
17,228
3,637
72
2,648
726
0
71
298,457
270,331
 
14,883
15,828
215
5
20,062
0
1,655
414
0
0
0
85,004
74,133
 
12,115
13,351
216
7
14,813
171
1,259
1,678
77
0
0
95,943
85,776
 
10,683
11,383
217
28
15,262
8,918
0
2,792
1,915
206
132
259,313
205,746
 
16,575
16,946
218
11
14,156
1,067
0
3,082
367
0
4
191,036
115,787
 
13,938
14,295
219
40
36,655
0
1,811
0
0
0
0
99,624
98,820
 
18,529
19,076
220
29
13,065
5,808
0
2,170
1,200
0
66
175,525
152,383
 
13,324
13,500
221
36
19,024
0
1,434
0
0
0
0
58,189
56,818
 
9,895
10,260
222
18
13,570
8,863
0
3,132
1,307
516
343
1,120,559
570,089
 
19,549
19,569
223
30
15,825
7,656
0
2,222
1,271
338
112
465,845
379,237
 
17,900
18,156
224
13
21,812
6,098
49
4,770
1,395
88
309
620,166
518,395
 
25,699
26,001
225
31
25,638
9,921
0
6,148
2,021
428
486
1,776,932
1,192,683
 
31,542
32,029
226
14
17,087
3,712
0
3,689
670
160
118
451,226
397,557
 
18,491
18,368
227
6
11,688
3,945
264
1,226
861
44
2
134,400
117,686
 
12,419
12,284
228
7
15,417
6,898
0
2,824
1,440
271
132
416,518
363,662
 
19,392
19,692
229
33
18,355
0
1,262
0
0
0
0
142,262
131,824
 
9,774
9,368
230
10
29,336
10,763
0
5,550
1,744
510
729
1,296,794
1,189,062
 
36,533
36,825
231
17
18,661
4,488
0
2,532
1,172
0
78
273,487
248,948
 
17,609
18,359
232
6
Data
imputed
using
alternative
methods.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

7
Data
not
available.

8
Data
not
reported.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions,''
``
Finance,''
and
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
258
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
218.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
women's
colleges,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
Institution
1
State
Type
and
control
2
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Number
of
degrees
conferred
to
women,
1999
 
2000
Total
Women
Percent
women
Men,
full­
time
Women,
full­
time
Men,
part­
time
Women,
part­
time
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
............................................
 
 
101,386
93,488
92.2
2,837
60,615
5,061
32,873
1,031
14,867
5,664
57
Judson
College
...............................
Ala.
3
308
301
97.7
3
259
4
42
0
50
0
0
Mills
College
....................................
Calif.
3
1,122
1,042
92.9
69
969
11
73
0
245
106
0
Mount
Saint
Mary's
College
............
Calif.
3
2,066
1,881
91.0
66
1,296
119
585
143
291
46
0
Scripps
College
...............................
Calif.
3
760
757
99.6
3
747
0
10
0
150
0
0
Saint
Joseph
College
......................
Conn.
3
1,740
1,653
95.0
12
759
75
894
0
199
136
0
Trinity
College
.................................
D.
C.
3
1,522
1,442
94.7
12
652
68
790
0
152
147
0
Agnes
Scott
College
.......................
Ga.
3
887
885
99.8
0
844
2
41
0
207
10
0
Brenau
University
............................
Ga.
3
2,392
1,931
80.7
148
1,115
313
816
0
357
191
0
Spelman
College
.............................
Ga.
3
2,065
2,065
100.0
0
2,008
0
57
0
397
0
0
Wesleyan
College
...........................
Ga.
3
607
605
99.7
0
448
2
157
0
93
8
0
Lexington
College
...........................
Ill.
4
43
43
100.0
0
41
0
2
10
0
0
0
Saint
Mary­
of­
the­
Woods
College
...
Ind.
3
1,356
1,337
98.6
0
396
19
941
5
131
4
0
Saint
Mary's
College
.......................
Ind.
3
1,417
1,415
99.9
0
1,359
2
56
0
299
0
0
Midway
College
...............................
Ky.
3
816
754
92.4
20
475
42
279
84
116
0
0
College
of
Notre
Dame
of
Maryland
Md.
3
3,139
2,797
89.1
18
735
324
2,062
0
379
197
0
Hood
College
..................................
Md.
3
1,774
1,399
78.9
52
658
323
741
0
166
114
0
Bay
Path
College
............................
Mass.
3
656
656
100.0
0
436
0
220
62
100
0
0
Emmanuel
College
..........................
Mass.
3
1,489
1,313
88.2
51
680
125
633
0
282
75
0
Lesley
College
................................
Mass.
3
7,049
5,862
83.2
460
1,386
727
4,476
2
350
1,996
5
Mount
Holyoke
College
...................
Mass.
3
1,982
1,971
99.4
3
1,899
8
72
0
485
0
0
Pine
Manor
College
........................
Mass.
3
329
329
100.0
0
314
0
15
12
43
0
0
Regis
College
..................................
Mass.
3
1,131
1,116
98.7
5
754
10
362
22
226
46
0
Simmons
College
............................
Mass.
3
3,295
3,024
91.8
68
1,634
203
1,390
0
292
637
5
Smith
College
..................................
Mass.
3
3,168
3,115
98.3
51
3,025
2
90
0
667
149
4
Wellesley
College
...........................
Mass.
3
2,333
2,320
99.4
0
2,240
13
80
0
627
0
0
College
of
Saint
Benedict
...............
Minn.
3
2,000
1,999
100.0
0
1,952
1
47
0
466
0
0
College
of
St
Catherine,
St
Paul
....
Minn.
3
3,443
3,344
97.1
26
2,282
73
1,062
213
539
180
0
Blue
Mountain
College
....................
Miss.
3
435
357
82.1
71
271
7
86
0
95
0
0
Mississippi
University
for
Women
...
Miss.
1
2,953
2,475
83.8
242
1,455
236
1,020
23
339
52
0
Cottey
College
................................
Mo.
4
279
279
100.0
0
272
0
7
103
0
0
0
Stephens
College
............................
Mo.
3
788
730
92.6
19
458
39
272
6
119
11
0
College
of
Saint
Mary
.....................
Nebr.
3
1,071
989
92.3
0
559
82
430
45
130
0
0
College
of
Saint
Elizabeth
..............
N.
J.
3
1,810
1,657
91.5
4
618
149
1,039
0
239
72
0
Georgian
Court
College
..................
N.
J.
3
2,420
2,109
87.1
62
1,046
249
1,063
0
309
124
0
Barnard
College
..............................
N.
Y.
3
2,318
2,318
100.0
0
2,250
0
68
0
627
0
0
College
of
New
Rochelle
................
N.
Y.
3
6,601
5,730
86.8
640
4,194
231
1,536
0
914
377
0
Marymount
College
.........................
N.
Y.
3
898
854
95.1
13
670
31
184
0
191
0
0
Wells
College
..................................
N.
Y.
3
404
400
99.0
1
382
3
18
0
71
0
0
Bennett
College
..............................
N.
C.
3
640
640
100.0
0
633
0
7
0
68
0
0
Meredith
College
.............................
N.
C.
3
2,643
2,626
99.4
0
1,862
17
764
0
426
37
0
Peace
College
.................................
N.
C.
3
583
583
100.0
0
551
0
32
81
79
0
0
Salem
College
.................................
N.
C.
3
1,023
991
96.9
6
680
26
311
0
193
25
0
Notre
Dame
College
of
Ohio
..........
Ohio
3
705
669
94.9
1
221
35
448
3
88
5
0
Ursuline
College
..............................
Ohio
3
1,259
1,164
92.5
22
496
73
668
0
224
55
0
Bryn
Mawr
College
.........................
Pa.
3
1,779
1,676
94.2
59
1,460
44
216
0
310
107
17
Carlow
College
................................
Pa.
3
2,112
1,955
92.6
52
771
105
1,184
0
284
128
0
Cedar
Crest
College
.......................
Pa.
3
1,679
1,587
94.5
10
853
82
734
1
292
0
0
Chatham
College
............................
Pa.
3
1,009
932
92.4
58
720
19
212
0
118
94
0
Chestnut
Hill
College
......................
Pa.
3
1,592
1,353
85.0
71
609
168
744
0
147
115
0
Harcum
College
..............................
Pa.
4
644
584
90.7
42
400
18
184
163
0
0
0
Immaculata
College
........................
Pa.
3
3,006
2,443
81.3
181
1,195
382
1,248
25
289
71
26
Moore
College
of
Art
and
Design
...
Pa.
3
502
495
98.6
0
394
7
101
0
96
0
0
Rosemont
College
..........................
Pa.
3
1,187
1,044
88.0
0
521
143
523
0
212
47
0
Seton
Hill
College
...........................
Pa.
3
1,272
1,063
83.6
115
649
94
414
0
150
11
0
Wilson
College
................................
Pa.
3
819
702
85.7
8
366
109
336
25
73
0
0
Columbia
College
............................
S.
C.
3
1,367
1,342
98.2
16
1,184
9
158
0
149
9
0
Converse
College
...........................
S.
C.
3
1,514
1,408
93.0
27
803
79
605
0
165
151
0
Hollins
University
............................
Va.
3
1,084
1,034
95.4
16
845
34
189
0
161
58
0
Mary
Baldwin
College
.....................
Va.
3
1,556
1,485
95.4
20
1,033
51
452
0
279
22
0
Randolph­
Macon
Woman's
College
Va.
3
704
699
99.3
0
663
5
36
0
140
0
0
Sweet
Briar
College
........................
Va.
3
712
690
96.9
12
652
10
38
0
116
0
0
Alverno
College
...............................
Wisc.
3
1,872
1,839
98.2
2
904
31
935
3
259
18
0
Mount
Mary
College
........................
Wisc.
3
1,257
1,230
97.9
0
612
27
618
0
206
33
0
 
Not
applicable.

1
Data
are
for
colleges
and
universities
identifed
by
the
Women's
College
Coalition
as
women's
colleges.
Excludes
women's
colleges
whose
IPEDS
data
are
reported
together
with
a
coed
institution
or
coordinate
men's
college.
The
following
institutions
were
excluded
for
this
reason:
The
Women's
College
at
the
University
of
Denver;
Hartford
College
for
Women;
Newcomb
College;
Douglass
College;
Hobart­
William
Smith
College;
Stern
College
for
Women;
Russell
Sage
College;
Radcliffe
College;
and
Westhampton
College.
2
1=
public,
4­
year;
3=
private
not­
for­
profit,
4­
year;
and
4=
private,
not­
for­
profit,
2­
year.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,''
and
``
Completions
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
259
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
219.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Degree
conferred
to
Hispanics,
1999
 
2000
Total
Hispanic
Percent
Hispanic
2
Hispanic
undergraduate
Hispanic
postbaccalaureate
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Firstprofessional
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Total,
3
50
states
.............................................................................
 
1,398,708
587,740
43.1
559,831
27,909
26,455
20,319
4,521
378
111
Total,
3
50
states
and
Puerto
Rico
................................................
 
1,568,806
757,634
49.4
714,201
43,433
31,648
36,470
7,442
817
250
Arizona
Apollo
College,
Phoenix
.......................................................................
6
858
233
27.2
233
0
14
0
0
0
0
Arizona
Automotive
Institute
................................................................
6
347
104
30.2
104
0
51
0
0
0
0
Arizona
Inst.
of
Business
and
Tech.,
Phoenix
4
..................................
4
264
73
27.7
73
0
57
0
0
0
0
Arizona
Inst.
of
Business
and
Tech.,
Phoenix
5
..................................
4
270
110
40.7
110
0
9
0
0
0
0
Arizona
Western
College
.....................................................................
2
6,321
3,375
53.4
3,375
0
170
0
0
0
0
Central
Arizona
College
.......................................................................
2
4,560
1,268
28.0
1,268
0
82
0
0
0
0
Chaparral
Career
College
....................................................................
5
383
115
30.0
115
0
34
3
0
0
0
Cochise
College
...................................................................................
2
4,000
1,092
27.5
1,092
0
101
0
0
0
0
Education
America
...............................................................................
6
128
36
28.1
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
Estrella
Mountain
Community
College
................................................
2
4,304
1,323
30.8
1,323
0
42
0
0
0
0
High­
Tech
Institute
...............................................................................
6
1,454
437
30.1
437
0
186
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute
.........................................................................
6
192
58
32.8
58
0
21
0
0
0
0
Phoenix
College
...................................................................................
2
10,984
3,457
31.9
3,457
0
119
0
0
0
0
Pima
Community
College
....................................................................
2
30,548
8,785
29.4
8,785
0
316
0
0
0
0
Pima
Medical
Institute
..........................................................................
6
360
130
36.1
130
0
8
0
0
0
0
Refrigeration
School,
Inc.
....................................................................
6
223
81
36.3
81
0
0
0
0
0
0
South
Mountain
Community
College
...................................................
2
3,091
1,654
54.1
1,654
0
77
0
0
0
0
The
Art
Center
Design
College
...........................................................
5
344
95
27.8
95
0
9
0
0
0
0
The
Bryman
School
.............................................................................
6
805
269
33.4
269
0
69
0
0
0
0
California
Allan
Hancock
College
.........................................................................
2
8,382
2,747
32.9
2,747
0
145
0
0
0
0
Andon
College
.....................................................................................
6
295
116
39.3
116
0
4
0
0
0
0
Bakersfield
College
..............................................................................
2
12,416
4,121
33.4
4,121
0
206
0
0
0
0
Brooks
College
.....................................................................................
6
1,407
481
35.0
481
0
149
0
0
0
0
Bryman
College
North
Campus
...........................................................
6
27
9
33.3
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
California
Design
College
....................................................................
6
277
77
30.8
77
0
10
0
0
0
0
California
State
University,
Bakersfield
...............................................
1
6,210
1,872
30.7
1,555
317
0
228
29
0
0
California
State
University,
Dominguez
Hills
.......................................
1
12,524
3,843
31.4
2,560
1,283
0
457
122
0
0
California
State
University,
Fresno
......................................................
1
18,321
5,548
31.7
4,663
885
0
732
111
0
1
California
State
University,
Fullerton
...................................................
1
27,167
6,423
24.9
5,745
678
0
935
86
0
0
California
State
University,
Los
Angeles
.............................................
1
19,783
9,620
51.2
7,127
2,493
0
1,089
192
0
0
California
State
University,
Monterey
Bay
...........................................
1
2,265
712
31.9
606
106
0
53
2
0
0
California
State
University,
Northridge
................................................
1
27,947
7,588
28.2
6,334
1,254
0
814
92
0
0
California
State
University,
San
Bernardino
........................................
1
14,280
4,049
29.5
3,070
979
0
534
89
0
0
California
State
University,
Stanislaus
.................................................
1
6,489
1,726
27.0
1,440
286
0
268
19
0
0
CEI
College,
Anaheim
.........................................................................
6
231
68
29.4
68
0
0
0
0
0
0
Central
California
School
.....................................................................
6
95
33
34.7
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
Cerritos
College
...................................................................................
2
20,450
11,244
55.9
11,244
0
469
0
0
0
0
Chaffey
Community
College
................................................................
2
13,468
4,810
35.7
4,810
0
297
0
0
0
0
Citrus
College
......................................................................................
2
10,668
4,112
39.9
4,112
0
258
0
0
0
0
College
of
the
Desert
...........................................................................
2
7,955
2,740
35.2
2,740
0
108
0
0
0
0
College
of
the
Sequoias
......................................................................
2
9,572
4,037
42.2
4,037
0
220
0
0
0
0
Compton
Community
College
..............................................................
2
4,866
2,026
41.7
2,026
0
0
0
0
0
0
Computer
Learning
Centers,
Inc.
Los
Angeles
...................................
6
660
267
40.5
267
0
152
0
0
0
0
Computer
Learning
Centers,
Inc.
San
Jose
........................................
6
130
43
33.1
43
0
0
0
0
0
0
Computer
Learning
Centers,
Inc.
Anaheim
.........................................
6
282
67
26.2
67
0
0
0
0
0
0
Concorde
Career
Institute
....................................................................
6
560
183
34.1
183
0
0
0
0
0
0
Copper
Mountain
College
....................................................................
2
8,550
2,464
29.4
2,464
0
10
0
0
0
0
DeVry
Institute
of
Technology,
Long
Beach
........................................
5
2,616
695
27.0
695
0
31
76
0
0
0
DeVry
Institute
of
Technology,
Pomona
..............................................
5
3,499
1,017
29.5
1,017
0
62
139
0
0
0
Don
Bosco
Technical
Institute
.............................................................
4
229
134
58.5
134
0
35
0
0
0
0
D­
Q
University
......................................................................................
4
257
173
67.3
173
0
0
0
0
0
0
East
Los
Angeles
College
...................................................................
2
15,771
12,551
81.4
12,551
0
802
0
0
0
0
East
San
Gabriel
Valley
Regional
Occup.
Prog.
.................................
2
943
455
48.3
455
0
2
0
0
0
0
Educational
Cultural
Complex
.............................................................
2
1,000
283
31.4
283
0
214
0
0
0
0
Educorp
Career
College
......................................................................
6
477
206
43.2
206
0
5
0
0
0
0
El
Camino
College
...............................................................................
2
22,616
6,715
30.4
6,715
0
214
0
0
0
0
Evergreen
Valley
College
....................................................................
2
8,278
2,481
30.2
2,481
0
80
0
0
0
0
Fashion
Inst.
of
Design
and
Merch.,
Orange
County
..........................
6
223
56
25.8
56
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fashion
Inst.
of
Design
and
Merch.,
San
Diego
.................................
6
162
42
26.6
42
0
1
0
0
0
0
Fresno
City
College
.............................................................................
2
16,739
7,139
43.0
7,139
0
299
0
0
0
0
Fullerton
College
..................................................................................
2
18,211
5,440
30.0
5,440
0
212
0
0
0
0
Gavilan
College
....................................................................................
2
3,317
1,450
43.8
1,450
0
65
0
0
0
0
Hartnell
College
...................................................................................
2
7,459
4,053
54.7
4,053
0
222
0
0
0
0
Heald
College
School
of
Business
and
Tech.,
Fresno
.......................
4
664
288
43.4
288
0
115
0
0
0
0
Heald
College
School
of
Business,
Salinas
........................................
4
552
345
62.5
345
0
117
0
0
0
0
Heald
College,
San
Francisco
.............................................................
4
1,070
281
26.3
281
0
97
0
0
0
0
Heald
College
School
of
Business,
Stockton
......................................
4
440
181
41.1
181
0
43
0
0
0
0
Heald
College,
San
Jose
.....................................................................
4
1,184
305
25.8
305
0
99
0
0
0
0
Imperial
Valley
College
........................................................................
2
4,839
4,130
85.5
4,130
0
287
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Anaheim
.........................................................
5
762
256
43.5
256
0
79
63
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Oxnard
...........................................................
5
652
261
45.4
261
0
102
35
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
San
Diego
......................................................
5
873
215
30.1
215
0
85
31
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Santa
Clara
....................................................
6
224
63
36.2
63
0
45
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Sylmar
............................................................
5
566
245
43.3
245
0
77
14
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Torrance
.........................................................
6
964
457
59.8
457
0
186
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
West
Covina
...................................................
5
834
455
64.9
455
0
135
84
0
0
0
Kelsey­
Jenney
College
6
......................................................................
4
199
66
33.2
66
0
6
0
0
0
0
Kelsey­
Jenney
College
7
......................................................................
4
519
136
26.2
136
0
16
0
0
0
0
Long
Beach
City
College
.....................................................................
2
18,730
5,296
28.6
5,296
0
169
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
City
College
....................................................................
2
12,833
5,947
48.3
5,947
0
303
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
Co.
Col.
of
Nursing
and
Allied
Health
............................
2
173
71
41.0
71
0
33
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
Harbor
College
................................................................
2
6,789
2,873
43.1
2,873
0
180
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
Mission
College
..............................................................
2
5,535
3,839
70.8
3,839
0
196
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
Trade
Technical
College
.................................................
2
7,172
3,780
53.0
3,780
0
321
0
0
0
0
Los
Angeles
Valley
College
.................................................................
2
14,594
5,770
39.9
5,770
0
235
0
0
0
0
260
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
219.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Degree
conferred
to
Hispanics,
1999
 
2000
Total
Hispanic
Percent
Hispanic
2
Hispanic
undergraduate
Hispanic
postbaccalaureate
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Firstprofessional
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Maric
College,
San
Diego
....................................................................
6
983
242
24.6
242
0
28
0
0
0
0
Maric
College,
Vista
.............................................................................
6
502
159
31.7
159
0
0
0
0
0
0
Merced
College
....................................................................................
2
7,548
2,729
36.4
2,729
0
146
0
0
0
0
Modern
Technology
School
of
X­
Ray
..................................................
6
383
187
49.0
187
0
2
0
0
0
0
Modesto
Junior
College
.......................................................................
2
13,676
3,696
27.1
3,696
0
192
0
0
0
0
Mount
Saint
Mary's
College
.................................................................
3
2,066
813
39.5
730
83
74
89
8
0
0
Mount
San
Antonio
College
.................................................................
2
22,715
8,905
39.2
8,905
0
369
0
0
0
0
Mt.
Sierra
College
................................................................................
5
656
182
28.3
182
0
0
3
0
0
0
Nazarene
Bible
College
.......................................................................
3
26
9
37.5
9
0
0
1
0
0
0
New
School
of
Architecture
.................................................................
5
132
19
14.4
3
16
0
1
0
0
0
Nova
Institute
of
Health
Technology,
Los
Angeles
.............................
6
385
151
39.2
151
0
1
0
0
0
0
Nova
Institute
of
Health
Technology,
Ontario
.....................................
6
343
172
50.1
172
0
2
0
0
0
0
Nova
Institute
of
Health
Technology,
Whittier
.....................................
6
458
366
79.9
366
0
14
0
0
0
0
Oxnard
College
....................................................................................
2
6,557
3,495
54.1
3,495
0
197
0
0
0
0
Pacific
Oaks
College
............................................................................
3
833
155
18.7
70
85
0
14
7
0
0
Palo
Verde
College
..............................................................................
2
779
345
44.3
345
0
18
0
0
0
0
Pasadena
City
College
........................................................................
2
22,978
7,783
35.8
7,783
0
312
0
0
0
0
Platt
College
Cerritos
...........................................................................
6
293
110
37.5
110
0
47
0
0
0
0
Platt
College,
Los
Angeles
..................................................................
6
213
68
32.1
68
0
25
0
0
0
0
Platt
College,
Los
Angeles
Inc.,
Ontario
.............................................
6
266
96
36.1
96
0
36
0
0
0
0
Porterville
College
................................................................................
2
3,353
1,342
40.2
1,342
0
63
0
0
0
0
Reedley
College
...................................................................................
2
7,869
3,531
45.1
3,531
0
197
0
0
0
0
Rio
Hondo
College
...............................................................................
2
11,545
8,237
73.3
8,237
0
333
0
0
0
0
Riverside
Community
College
.............................................................
2
22,320
6,632
30.1
6,632
0
292
0
0
0
0
Saint
John's
Seminary
College
............................................................
3
90
40
44.4
40
0
0
5
0
0
0
San
Bernardino
Valley
College
............................................................
2
9,737
3,522
36.2
3,522
0
250
0
0
0
0
San
Diego
City
College
.......................................................................
2
13,826
3,722
27.1
3,722
0
114
0
0
0
0
San
Joaquin
Valley
College,
Bakersfield
.............................................
6
580
198
34.1
198
0
130
0
0
0
0
San
Joaquin
Valley
College,
Fresno
...................................................
6
653
309
47.3
309
0
163
0
0
0
0
San
Joaquin
Valley
College,
Fresno
Aviation
Campus
.......................
6
86
22
25.6
22
0
4
0
0
0
0
San
Joaquin
Valley
College,
Visalia
....................................................
6
542
219
40.4
219
0
110
0
0
0
0
San
Jose
City
College
.........................................................................
2
7,889
2,322
29.7
2,322
0
38
0
0
0
0
Santa
Ana
College
...............................................................................
2
18,196
8,362
47.2
8,362
0
467
0
0
0
0
Sequoia
Institute
..................................................................................
6
1,487
377
25.4
377
0
12
0
0
0
0
South
Coast
College
of
Court
Reporting
.............................................
6
435
129
29.7
129
0
15
0
0
0
0
Southern
California
International
College
............................................
6
110
71
64.5
71
0
23
0
0
0
0
Southwestern
College
..........................................................................
2
16,349
9,461
58.1
9,461
0
494
0
0
0
0
The
National
Hispanic
University
.........................................................
3
331
228
72.8
143
85
9
13
0
0
0
University
of
La
Verne
.........................................................................
3
6,820
1,563
23.5
1,012
551
4
153
99
12
5
Ventura
College
...................................................................................
2
10,827
3,255
30.5
3,255
0
242
0
0
0
0
West
Hills
Community
College
............................................................
2
3,169
1,176
37.6
1,176
0
85
0
0
0
0
Whittier
College
....................................................................................
3
2,198
520
24.3
352
168
0
87
4
20
0
Woodbury
University
............................................................................
3
1,208
337
30.6
313
24
0
43
4
0
0
Colorado
Community
College
of
Denver
.............................................................
2
6,511
1,912
30.9
1,912
0
62
0
0
0
0
Otero
Junior
College
............................................................................
2
1,290
409
31.8
409
0
55
0
0
0
0
Parks
College
.......................................................................................
6
596
162
27.4
162
0
12
0
0
0
0
Pueblo
Community
College
.................................................................
2
4,745
1,441
30.4
1,441
0
97
0
0
0
0
Technical
Trades
Institute
....................................................................
6
183
51
27.9
51
0
45
0
0
0
0
Trinidad
State
Junior
College
..............................................................
2
1,980
767
39.0
767
0
52
0
0
0
0
University
of
Southern
Colorado
..........................................................
1
5,791
1,334
23.9
1,242
92
0
123
1
0
0
Florida
Art
Institute
of
Fort
Lauderdale
............................................................
5
2,746
866
31.5
866
0
96
52
0
0
0
ATI
Health
Education
Center
...............................................................
6
445
120
27.3
120
0
18
0
0
0
0
Barry
University
....................................................................................
3
7,909
2,559
34.5
1,961
598
0
428
169
10
1
Carlos
Albizu
University,
Miami
Campus
............................................
3
617
323
53.0
49
274
0
14
41
0
19
City
College
..........................................................................................
4
213
151
70.9
151
0
60
0
0
0
0
Florida
College
of
Natural
Health,
Fort
Lauderdale
............................
6
222
60
28.4
60
0
0
0
0
0
0
Florida
College
of
Natural
Health,
Miami
Campus
..............................
6
197
111
62.4
111
0
0
0
0
0
0
Florida
International
University
............................................................
1
31,293
16,495
57.0
14,217
2,278
0
2,131
552
0
13
Florida
National
College
......................................................................
6
1,288
1,213
94.3
1,213
0
59
0
0
0
0
International
Fine
Arts
College
............................................................
5
844
362
55.6
362
0
0
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Miami
..............................................................
6
253
95
69.3
95
0
59
0
0
0
0
Miami­
Dade
Community
College
.........................................................
2
47,152
29,824
65.1
29,824
0
2,276
0
0
0
0
National
School
of
Technology,
Hialeah
.............................................
6
489
339
69.3
339
0
0
0
0
0
0
National
School
of
Technology,
Miami
................................................
6
652
377
57.8
377
0
0
0
0
0
0
Orlando
College­
South
........................................................................
5
942
274
29.3
264
10
55
9
3
0
0
Saint
John
Vianney
College
Seminary
................................................
3
60
33
73.3
26
7
0
5
0
0
0
Saint
Thomas
University
......................................................................
3
2,184
899
46.1
529
370
0
89
69
39
0
Trinity
International
University
.............................................................
3
467
197
42.4
173
24
0
40
4
0
0
University
of
Miami
..............................................................................
3
13,715
3,538
29.1
2,465
1,073
0
522
226
106
25
Illinois
City
Colleges
of
Chicago,
Harry
S
Truman
College
............................
2
14,147
6,403
45.3
6,403
0
39
0
0
0
0
City
Colleges
of
Chicago,
Malcolm
X
College
.....................................
2
8,561
2,362
27.6
2,362
0
13
0
0
0
0
City
Colleges
of
Chicago,
Richard
J.
Daley
College
...........................
2
9,800
5,790
59.1
5,790
0
108
0
0
0
0
City
Colleges
of
Chicago,
Wilbur
Wright
College
................................
2
11,560
5,345
46.2
5,345
0
100
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Mount
Prospect
..............................................
5
402
127
37.1
127
0
37
19
0
0
0
Morton
College
.....................................................................................
2
4,348
2,624
61.8
2,624
0
78
0
0
0
0
Northeastern
Illinois
University
............................................................
1
10,937
2,497
23.2
2,183
314
0
210
40
0
0
Northwestern
Business
College
...........................................................
6
752
264
35.1
264
0
262
0
0
0
0
Northwestern
Business
College,
Southwestern
Campus
....................
6
693
168
24.2
168
0
25
0
0
0
0
Saint
Augustine
College
......................................................................
3
1,337
1,173
87.7
1,173
0
141
5
0
0
0
The
College
of
Office
Technology
.......................................................
6
460
140
30.4
140
0
7
0
0
0
0
Massachusetts
Burdett
College
....................................................................................
6
131
39
29.8
39
0
0
0
0
0
0
Urban
College
of
Boston
.....................................................................
4
495
196
39.6
196
0
1
0
0
0
0
New
Jersey
Berkeley
College
..................................................................................
6
1,960
533
27.4
533
0
161
0
0
0
0
261
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
219.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Degree
conferred
to
Hispanics,
1999
 
2000
Total
Hispanic
Percent
Hispanic
2
Hispanic
undergraduate
Hispanic
postbaccalaureate
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Firstprofessional
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Hudson
County
Community
College
...................................................
2
4,460
2,177
49.3
2,177
0
103
0
0
0
0
New
Jersey
City
University
..................................................................
1
8,024
1,963
25.1
1,617
346
0
206
35
0
0
Passaic
County
Community
College
...................................................
2
4,354
2,248
53.2
2,248
0
89
0
0
0
0
Saint
Peter's
College
...........................................................................
3
3,280
780
24.1
738
42
9
94
11
0
0
New
Mexico
Albuquerque
Technical
Vocational
Institute
........................................
2
16,202
6,708
41.5
6,708
0
295
0
0
0
0
Eastern
New
Mexico
University,
Main
Campus
..................................
1
3,562
860
24.3
788
72
3
113
7
0
0
Eastern
New
Mexico
University,
Roswell
Campus
..............................
2
2,919
1,337
45.9
1,337
0
79
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Albuquerque
...................................................
5
367
162
44.3
162
0
53
13
0
0
0
Luna
Vocational
Technical
Institute
.....................................................
2
1,180
1,016
86.5
1,016
0
65
0
0
0
0
Mesa
Technical
College
......................................................................
2
368
142
38.6
142
0
6
0
0
0
0
Metropolitan
College
of
Court
Reporting
.............................................
3
51
22
43.1
22
0
0
1
0
0
0
National
American
University,
Albuquerque
........................................
5
495
145
29.4
145
0
3
18
0
0
0
New
Mexico
Highlands
University
.......................................................
1
3,198
1,728
54.6
1,239
489
0
168
86
0
0
New
Mexico
Junior
College
.................................................................
2
2,619
826
31.6
826
0
53
0
0
0
0
New
Mexico
State
University,
Carlsbad
..............................................
2
1,215
388
31.9
388
0
27
0
0
0
0
New
Mexico
State
University,
Dona
Ana
............................................
2
4,471
2,582
58.4
2,582
0
147
0
0
0
0
New
Mexico
State
University,
Grants
..................................................
2
611
165
27.0
165
0
17
0
0
0
0
New
Mexico
State
University,
Main
Campus
......................................
1
15,449
5,987
40.2
5,424
563
28
648
118
0
11
Northern
New
Mexico
Community
College
.........................................
2
2,076
1,522
73.3
1,522
0
123
0
0
0
0
Parks
College
.......................................................................................
6
642
388
60.4
388
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pima
Medical
Institute
..........................................................................
6
255
129
50.6
129
0
1
0
0
0
0
Santa
Fe
Community
College
..............................................................
2
3,076
1,430
47.1
1,430
0
61
0
0
0
0
The
Art
Center
.....................................................................................
5
292
97
33.2
97
0
19
0
0
0
0
University
of
New
Mexico,
Los
Alamos
Campus
................................
2
890
281
32.2
281
0
10
0
0
0
0
University
of
New
Mexico,
Main
Campus
............................................
1
24,374
6,787
28.7
5,431
1,356
2
706
145
65
17
University
of
New
Mexico,
Taos
Education
Center
.............................
2
987
562
57.1
562
0
22
0
0
0
0
University
of
New
Mexico,
Valencia
County
Branch
...........................
2
1,605
905
56.5
905
0
50
0
0
0
0
University
of
Phoenix,
Albuquerque
Campus
......................................
5
3,045
1,785
58.6
1,211
574
3
206
147
0
0
Western
New
Mexico
University
..........................................................
1
2,559
1,057
41.7
931
126
42
86
20
0
0
New
York
Berkeley
College
of
New
York
City
.....................................................
5
1,720
632
40.5
632
0
123
17
0
0
0
Boricua
College
....................................................................................
3
1,189
1,005
84.5
961
44
151
135
2
0
0
College
of
Aeronautics
.........................................................................
3
1,305
497
40.0
497
0
23
26
0
0
0
College
of
Mount
Saint
Vincent
...........................................................
3
1,480
392
26.8
372
20
0
47
11
0
0
CUNY,
Borough
of
Manhattan
Community
College
............................
2
14,993
4,668
34.6
4,668
0
512
0
0
0
0
CUNY,
Bronx
Community
College
.......................................................
2
6,893
3,642
54.5
3,642
0
372
0
0
0
0
CUNY,
City
College
.............................................................................
1
10,993
3,258
33.9
2,624
634
0
317
169
0
0
CUNY,
Hostos
Community
College
.....................................................
2
3,221
2,463
78.2
2,463
0
279
0
0
0
0
CUNY,
John
Jay
College
Criminal
Justice
..........................................
1
10,476
3,613
34.9
3,465
148
14
350
25
0
0
CUNY,
La
Guardia
Community
College
..............................................
2
10,381
4,088
43.9
4,088
0
527
0
0
0
0
CUNY,
Lehman
College
......................................................................
1
9,074
3,696
41.2
3,187
509
0
446
101
0
0
CUNY,
New
York
City
Technical
College
............................................
1
10,871
2,840
26.6
2,840
0
215
56
0
0
0
DeVry
Institute
of
Technology
.............................................................
5
1,250
394
33.4
394
0
8
0
0
0
0
Interboro
Institute
.................................................................................
6
1,080
280
25.9
280
0
21
0
0
0
0
Katharine
Gibbs
School,
New
York
City
..............................................
6
1,885
609
32.3
609
0
127
0
0
0
0
Mercy
College,
Main
Campus
.............................................................
3
9,254
3,128
34.6
2,663
465
22
100
28
0
0
Monroe
College,
Main
Campus
...........................................................
5
3,336
1,652
51.6
1,652
0
279
81
0
0
0
New
York
Restaurant
School
..............................................................
6
404
107
28.2
107
0
0
0
0
0
0
Plaza
Business
Institute
.......................................................................
6
718
215
30.0
215
0
53
0
0
0
0
Technical
Career
Institutes
..................................................................
6
3,713
1,631
44.4
1,631
0
334
0
0
0
0
Wood
Tobe­
Coburn
School
.................................................................
6
454
268
59.0
268
0
51
0
0
0
0
Oklahoma
American
Christian
College
and
Seminary
..........................................
3
227
61
26.9
59
2
0
0
0
0
2
Oregon
Mount
Angel
Seminary
........................................................................
3
224
39
21.1
29
10
0
7
0
1
0
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Commercial
College
......................................................
6
135
126
93.3
126
0
0
0
0
0
0
Texas
Art
Institute
of
Houston
........................................................................
6
1,679
427
25.5
427
0
109
0
0
0
0
Austin
Business
College
......................................................................
6
399
172
43.9
172
0
30
0
0
0
0
Border
Institute
of
Technology
.............................................................
6
201
151
75.5
151
0
45
0
0
0
0
Center
for
Advanced
Legal
Studies
.....................................................
5
219
60
27.4
52
8
14
0
0
0
0
Coastal
Bend
College
..........................................................................
2
3,080
1,812
58.9
1,812
0
106
0
0
0
0
Del
Mar
College
...................................................................................
2
9,968
5,244
53.4
5,244
0
220
0
0
0
0
Education
America
...............................................................................
6
342
117
34.2
117
0
19
0
0
0
0
El
Paso
Community
College
................................................................
2
18,680
15,553
85.4
15,553
0
559
0
0
0
0
ESS
College
of
Business
.....................................................................
6
427
133
31.1
133
0
44
0
0
0
0
Hallmark
Institute
of
Technology
.........................................................
6
462
196
42.4
196
0
103
0
0
0
0
Houston
Community
College
System
..................................................
2
37,882
9,583
25.7
9,583
0
232
0
0
0
0
Howard
County
Junior
College
District
................................................
2
2,135
566
26.6
566
0
38
0
0
0
0
International
Business
College
............................................................
6
672
194
28.9
194
0
0
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Austin
.............................................................
6
558
173
32.4
173
0
56
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Houston
8
........................................................
6
536
154
33.8
154
0
54
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Houston
9
........................................................
6
453
129
31.6
129
0
36
0
0
0
0
ITT
Technical
Institute,
Houston
10
......................................................
6
333
120
38.5
120
0
34
0
0
0
0
Laredo
Community
College
.................................................................
2
7,457
7,118
97.0
7,118
0
466
0
0
0
0
Midland
College
...................................................................................
2
4,733
1,200
25.6
1,200
0
113
0
0
0
0
Mountain
View
College
........................................................................
2
5,121
1,729
34.0
1,729
0
53
0
0
0
0
MTI
College
of
Business
and
Technology
11
.......................................
6
367
140
38.1
140
0
57
0
0
0
0
MTI
College
of
Business
and
Technology
12
.......................................
6
338
125
37.0
125
0
67
0
0
0
0
Oblate
School
of
Theology
..................................................................
3
144
35
29.2
10
25
0
0
1
4
0
Odessa
College
...................................................................................
2
4,777
1,686
35.3
1,686
0
82
0
0
0
0
Our
Lady
of
the
Lake
University,
San
Antonio
....................................
3
3,564
1,967
55.6
1,536
431
0
285
152
0
1
Palo
Alto
College
.................................................................................
2
5,987
3,957
66.2
3,957
0
131
0
0
0
0
Saint
Edward's
University
....................................................................
3
3,669
962
27.6
876
86
0
142
17
0
0
San
Antonio
College
............................................................................
2
19,356
9,727
50.8
9,727
0
364
0
0
0
0
262
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
219.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1999
and
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Degree
conferred
to
Hispanics,
1999
 
2000
Total
Hispanic
Percent
Hispanic
2
Hispanic
undergraduate
Hispanic
postbaccalaureate
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Firstprofessional
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
San
Jacinto
College,
North
Campus
...................................................
2
4,354
1,180
27.6
1,180
0
33
0
0
0
0
South
Plains
College
...........................................................................
2
6,468
1,650
25.6
1,650
0
71
0
0
0
0
South
Texas
Community
College
........................................................
2
10,369
9,849
95.0
9,849
0
434
0
0
0
0
Southwest
College
Institute
for
the
Deaf
.............................................
2
117
36
31.9
36
0
1
0
0
0
0
Southwest
School
of
Electronics
.........................................................
6
92
24
26.1
24
0
12
0
0
0
0
Southwest
Texas
Junior
College
.........................................................
2
3,397
2,564
75.6
2,564
0
211
0
0
0
0
St.
Mary's
University
............................................................................
3
4,065
2,245
57.1
1,690
555
0
315
60
76
0
St.
Philip's
College
...............................................................................
2
7,658
3,780
49.4
3,780
0
234
0
0
0
0
Sul
Ross
State
University
....................................................................
1
2,965
1,534
52.1
1,100
434
2
202
97
0
0
Texas
A
&
M
International
University
..................................................
1
3,209
2,823
93.0
2,068
755
0
343
117
0
0
Texas
A
&
M
University,
Corpus
Christi
..............................................
1
6,604
2,538
38.9
1,954
584
0
345
150
0
2
Texas
A
&
M
University,
Kingsville
......................................................
1
5,843
3,598
64.7
3,064
534
0
449
117
0
6
Texas
Southmost
College
....................................................................
2
7,603
7,164
95.1
7,164
0
405
0
0
0
0
Texas
State
Technical
College,
Harlingen
..........................................
2
3,353
2,919
87.1
2,919
0
249
0
0
0
0
University
of
Houston,
Downtown
........................................................
1
8,712
2,823
33.2
2,823
0
0
279
0
0
0
University
of
Saint
Thomas
..................................................................
3
3,345
839
27.3
464
375
0
65
54
2
0
University
of
Texas
at
Brownsville
.......................................................
1
2,834
2,431
87.1
1,931
500
0
441
127
0
0
University
of
Texas
at
El
Paso
............................................................
1
14,695
10,005
76.7
8,950
1,055
0
1,217
183
0
5
University
of
Texas
at
San
Antonio
.....................................................
1
18,608
8,221
45.2
7,280
941
0
1,057
170
0
2
University
of
Texas
Health
Science,
San
Antonio
...............................
1
2,544
499
20.3
252
247
0
114
12
43
1
University
of
Texas
of
the
Permian
Basin
...........................................
1
2,224
593
26.7
486
107
0
75
13
0
0
University
of
Texas,
Pan
American
.....................................................
1
12,569
10,950
89.0
9,737
1,213
15
1,239
263
0
0
University
of
the
Incarnate
Word
.........................................................
3
3,637
1,918
54.9
1,668
250
0
272
63
0
0
Victoria
College
....................................................................................
2
3,801
1,041
27.5
1,041
0
59
0
0
0
0
Western
Technical
Inst.,
Alabama
Street,
El
Paso
.............................
6
387
292
75.5
292
0
130
0
0
0
0
Western
Technical
Inst.,
Texas
Street,
El
Paso
..................................
6
317
282
89.0
282
0
152
0
0
0
0
Washington
Heritage
College
..................................................................................
3
1,040
328
31.6
252
76
5
27
51
0
0
Puerto
Rico
American
University
of
Puerto
Rico,
Bayamon
...................................
3
2,147
2,147
100.0
2,147
0
81
124
0
0
0
American
University
of
Puerto
Rico,
Manati
........................................
3
1,944
1,944
100.0
1,944
0
71
171
0
0
0
Atlantic
College
....................................................................................
3
336
336
100.0
336
0
49
58
0
0
0
Bayamon
Central
University
................................................................
3
3,177
3,177
100.0
2,914
263
26
246
76
0
0
Caribbean
University,
Bayamon
..........................................................
3
1,268
1,268
100.0
1,254
14
332
336
25
0
0
Caribbean
University,
Carolina
............................................................
3
263
263
100.0
263
0
136
87
0
0
0
Caribbean
University,
Ponce
...............................................................
3
605
605
100.0
530
75
219
77
91
0
0
Caribbean
University,
Vega
Baja
.........................................................
3
319
319
100.0
319
0
135
112
0
0
0
Carlos
Albizu
University
.......................................................................
3
701
701
100.0
135
566
0
21
34
0
41
Colegio
Biblico
Pentecostal
de
Puerto
Rico
........................................
3
202
202
100.0
202
0
0
18
0
0
0
Colegio
Tecnologico
del
Municipio
de
San
Juan
................................
2
881
881
100.0
881
0
180
0
0
0
0
Colegio
Universitario
del
Este
.............................................................
3
7,077
7,077
100.0
7,077
0
155
429
0
0
0
Columbia
College,
Caguas
..................................................................
5
1,121
1,121
100.0
1,121
0
175
119
0
0
0
Columbia
College,
Yauco
....................................................................
6
358
358
100.0
358
0
66
0
0
0
0
Conservatory
of
Music
of
Puerto
Rico
.................................................
1
252
252
100.0
252
0
0
28
0
0
0
Electronic
Data
Process
Col.
of
P.
R.
Inc.
13
........................................
5
681
681
100.0
640
41
65
26
11
0
0
Electronic
Data
Process
Col.
of
P.
R.
Inc.
14
........................................
6
721
721
100.0
721
0
145
0
0
0
0
Escuela
de
Artes
Plasticas
de
Puerto
Rico
.........................................
1
309
309
100.0
309
0
0
37
0
0
0
Huertas
Junior
College
........................................................................
6
2,051
2,051
100.0
2,051
0
419
0
0
0
0
Humacao
Community
College
.............................................................
4
403
403
100.0
403
0
65
0
0
0
0
ICPR
Junior
College,
Arecibo
..............................................................
6
508
508
100.0
508
0
100
0
0
0
0
ICPR
Junior
College,
General
Institutional
..........................................
6
521
521
100.0
521
0
147
0
0
0
0
ICPR
Junior
College,
Mayaguez
.........................................................
6
587
587
100.0
587
0
138
0
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Aguadilla
.......................................
3
2,873
2,873
100.0
2,873
0
70
328
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Arecibo
..........................................
3
2,520
2,520
100.0
2,504
16
104
437
10
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Barranquitas
..................................
3
1,650
1,650
100.0
1,650
0
47
163
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Bayamon
.......................................
3
4,736
4,736
100.0
4,736
0
45
332
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Fajardo
..........................................
3
1,726
1,726
100.0
1,726
0
39
168
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Guayama
......................................
3
1,635
1,635
100.0
1,635
0
101
185
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Metro
.............................................
3
8,891
8,891
100.0
6,788
2,103
84
1,322
659
0
38
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
Ponce
............................................
3
3,761
3,761
100.0
3,761
0
96
283
0
0
0
Inter
American
University
of
P.
R.,
San
German
.................................
3
5,248
5,248
100.0
4,462
786
41
641
244
0
0
International
Junior
College
.................................................................
6
346
346
100.0
346
0
32
0
0
0
0
National
College
of
Business
and
Tech.,
Arecibo
...............................
6
1,131
1,131
100.0
1,131
0
171
0
0
0
0
National
College
of
Business
and
Tech.,
Bayamon
............................
6
1,898
1,898
100.0
1,898
0
287
0
0
0
0
Pontifical
Catholic
Univ.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Arecibo
................................
3
646
646
100.0
646
0
10
89
0
0
0
Pontifical
Catholic
Univ.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Guayama
.............................
3
473
473
100.0
473
0
3
62
0
0
0
Pontifical
Catholic
Univ.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Mayaguez
............................
3
1,809
1,809
100.0
1,687
122
5
194
0
0
0
Pontifical
Catholic
Univ.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Ponce
..................................
3
7,851
7,851
100.0
6,207
1,644
5
935
164
127
0
Puerto
Rico
Technical
Junior
College
Inc.
..........................................
6
321
321
100.0
321
0
65
0
0
0
0
Ramirez
College
of
Business
and
Technology
...................................
6
600
600
100.0
600
0
94
0
0
0
0
Universidad
Adventista
de
Las
Antillas
...............................................
3
762
749
98.3
718
31
28
83
0
0
0
Universidad
Central
del
Caribe
............................................................
3
361
345
96.1
89
256
29
0
2
51
0
Universidad
del
Turabo
........................................................................
3
8,065
8,065
100.0
6,987
1,078
52
583
238
0
0
Universidad
Metropolitana
...................................................................
3
5,857
5,857
100.0
5,319
538
66
361
90
0
0
Universidad
Politecnica
de
Puerto
Rico
..............................................
3
5,005
5,005
100.0
4,560
445
0
322
83
0
0
University
of
Phoenix,
Puerto
Rico
Campus
.......................................
5
1,252
1,233
98.5
137
1,096
0
18
445
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Aguadilla
U.
College
..............................................
1
3,251
3,251
100.0
3,251
0
148
243
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Arecibo
Campus
....................................................
1
4,730
4,730
100.0
4,730
0
175
458
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Bayamon
Tech.
Univ.
College
...............................
1
5,797
5,797
100.0
5,797
0
107
418
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Carolina
Regional
College
.....................................
1
3,846
3,846
100.0
3,814
32
124
382
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Cayey
University
College
......................................
1
3,959
3,959
100.0
3,959
0
7
473
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Humacao
University
College
.................................
1
4,469
4,469
100.0
4,469
0
149
550
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
La
Montana
............................................................
1
1,593
1,590
100.0
1,590
0
71
64
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Mayaguez
..............................................................
1
12,794
12,794
100.0
11,959
835
4
1,688
184
0
4
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Medical
Sciences
Campus
....................................
1
2,822
2,822
100.0
1,153
1,669
59
346
211
132
4
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Ponce
Univ.
College
..............................................
1
4,265
4,265
100.0
4,265
0
156
349
0
0
0
U.
of
Puerto
Rico,
Rio
Piedras
Campus
..............................................
1
21,539
21,386
99.9
17,884
3,502
0
2,315
322
129
52
University
of
Sacred
Heart
...................................................................
3
5,184
5,184
100.0
4,772
412
15
470
32
0
0
263
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Footnotes
for
Table
219
 
Not
applicable.
1
1=
public,
4­
year;
2=
public,
2­
year;
3=
private,
not­
for­
profit,
4­
year;
4=
private,
not­
forprofit
2­
year;
5=
private,
for­
profit,
4­
year;
and
6=
private,
for­
profit,
2­
year.
2
Percentage
based
on
number
of
U.
S.
citizens.
3
Hispanic­
serving
institutions
pursuant
to
302(
d)
of
Public
Law
102
 
325
(
20
U.
S.
C.
1059c),
most
recently
amended
December
20,
1993,
in
2(
a)(
7)
of
public
law
103
 
208,
where
Hispanic
serving
institutions
are
defined
as
those
with
full­
time­
equivakent
undergraduate
enrollment
of
Hispanic
students
at
25
percent
or
more.
4
North
43rd
Avenue,
Phoenix.
5
North
75th
Avenue,
Phoenix.
6
A
Street,
San
Diego
7
Miramar
Road,
San
Diego.
8
South
Gessner.

9
Blue
Ash
Drive.

10
Bay
Area
Boulevard.

11
Regency
Square
Boulevard,
Houston.

12
Space
Park
Drive,
Houston.

13
Hato
Rey.

13
San
Sebastian.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions,
1999
 
2000''
and
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)

Table
220.
 
Enrollment
and
degrees
conferred
in
tribally
controlled
institutions,
by
institution:
Fall
1997,
1998,
1999,
1998
 
99,
and
1999
 
2000
Institution
Type
and
control
Total
enrollment
fall
1997
Total
enrollment
fall
1998
Enrollment,
fall
1999
Associate
degrees
to
American
Indians
and
Alaskan
Natives
Bachelor's
degrees
to
American
Indians
and
Alaskan
Natives
Total
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
proportion
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native,

undergraduate
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Tribally
controlled
institutions
..................................
 
13,583
13,940
14,154
11,803
83.4
11,720
887
983
59
98
Arizona
Dine`
College
....................................................................
2
1,732
1,875
1,881
1,791
95.2
1,791
121
134
 
 
California
D­
Q
University
..................................................................
4
314
225
257
54
21.0
54
15
 
 
 
Kansas
Haskell
Indian
Nations
University
....................................
1
846
779
885
885
100.0
885
58
91
3
17
Michigan
Bay
Mills
Community
College
..........................................
2
453
369
321
201
62.6
201
13
7
 
 
Minnesota
Fond
du
Lac
Tribal
and
Community
College
...................
2
704
701
935
206
22.0
206
9
14
 
 
Leech
Lake
Tribal
College
...............................................
2
135
228
222
205
92.3
205
11
18
 
 
Montana
Blackfeet
Community
College
..........................................
4
411
396
291
277
95.2
277
66
103
 
 
Dull
Knife
Memorial
College
............................................
4
508
448
448
356
79.5
356
30
31
 
 
Fort
Belknap
College
.......................................................
2
218
163
266
227
85.3
227
27
14
 
 
Fort
Peck
Community
College
.........................................
2
360
316
370
319
86.2
319
22
13
 
 
Little
Big
Horn
College
.....................................................
2
243
324
207
190
91.8
190
16
7
 
 
Salish
Kootenai
College
...................................................
3
967
1,016
1,075
920
85.6
920
57
65
13
29
Stone
Child
College
.........................................................
2
166
255
188
179
98.4
179
20
32
 
 
Nebraska
Nebraska
Indian
Community
College
..............................
2
223
186
186
167
89.8
167
15
10
 
 
New
Mexico
Crownpoint
Institute
of
Technology
.................................
4
364
227
270
270
100.0
270
13
19
 
 
Institute
of
American
Indian
Arts
.....................................
2
109
109
133
133
100.0
133
31
7
 
 
Southwestern
Indian
Polytechnic
Institute
.......................
2
656
653
643
643
100.0
643
25
41
 
 
North
Dakota
Candeska
Cikana
Community
College
............................
2
142
124
134
119
88.8
119
3
5
 
 
Fort
Berthold
Community
College
...................................
2
223
291
285
262
91.9
262
45
26
 
 
Sitting
Bull
College
...........................................................
2
217
231
233
218
93.6
218
29
32
 
 
Turtle
Mountain
Community
College
...............................
2
579
624
665
595
89.7
595
23
38
 
 
United
Tribes
Technical
College
......................................
4
263
311
299
261
87.3
261
58
55
 
 
South
Dakota
Oglala
Lakota
College
.....................................................
1
1,219
1,137
1,198
1,064
88.8
992
81
83
24
38
Si
Tanka
College
.............................................................
2
171
215
215
206
95.8
206
9
17
 
 
Sinte
Gleska
University
....................................................
1
766
1,041
910
762
83.7
751
36
44
19
14
Sisseton­
Wahpeton
Community
College
.........................
2
199
201
219
161
73.5
161
10
13
 
 
Washington
Northwest
Indian
College
.................................................
2
677
695
548
431
78.6
431
22
26
 
 
Wisconsin
College
of
the
Menominee
Nation
...................................
2
225
249
385
309
80.3
309
7
12
 
 
Lac
Courte
Oreilles
Ojibwa,
Community
College
............
2
493
551
485
392
80.8
392
15
26
 
 
 
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
These
colleges
are,
with
few
exceptions,
tribally
controlled
and
located
on
reservations.
They
are
all
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.
Type
and
control
are
1=
public,
4­
year;
2=
public,
2­
year;
3=
private
not­
for­
profit,
4­
year;
and
4=
private
not­
forprofit
2­
year.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions,''
surveys,
and
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
264
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
221.
 
Fall
enrollment,
degrees
conferred,
and
expenditures
in
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
by
institution:
1999,
1999
 
2000,
and
1998
 
99
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
1999
Degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Current­
fund
expenditures
for
public
institutions,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
Total
expenditures
for
private
institutions,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
Total
Black
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Firstprofessional
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total
...............................................................
 
274,212
226,407
3,418
29,376
6,722
326
1,579
 
 
*
*
Alabama
A&
M
University,
AL
..........................
1
5,497
4,484
 
545
411
11
 
$
70,488
 
Alabama
State
University,
AL
...........................
1
5,664
5,106
1
510
205
 
 
63,987
 
Bishop
State
Community
College,
AL
..............
2
3,393
2,066
437
 
 
 
 
24,630
 
C.
A.
Fredd
State
Technical
College,
AL
.........
2
214
91
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Concordia
College,
AL
......................................
3
525
444
20
8
 
 
 
 
$
6,005
Gadsden
State
Community
College,
AL
2
.........
2
4,729
782
430
 
 
 
 
26,607
 
J.
F.
Drake
Technical
College,
AL
....................
2
611
279
54
 
 
 
 
5,753
 
Lawson
State
Community
College,
AL
.............
2
1,541
1,529
91
 
 
 
 
13,087
 
Miles
College,
AL
..............................................
3
1,453
1,450
 
171
 
 
 
 
16,936
Oakwood
College,
AL
.......................................
3
1,736
1,458
15
222
 
 
 
 
30,390
Stillman
College,
AL
..........................................
3
1,458
1,440
 
161
 
 
 
 
19,066
Talladega
College,
AL
.......................................
3
455
443
 
65
 
 
 
 
11,449
Trenholm
State
Technical
College,
AL
.............
2
680
545
59
 
 
 
 
8,357
 
*
*
Tuskegee
University,
AL
.................................
3
3,009
2,854
 
417
45
 
55
 
79,665
Arkansas
Baptist
College,
AR
...........................
3
157
155
 
12
 
 
 
 
2,125
Philander
Smith
College,
AR
............................
3
932
890
 
125
 
 
 
 
13,101
**
University
of
Arkansas,
Pine
Bluff,
AR
............
1
3,040
2,831
 
343
17
 
 
42,866
 
*
*
Delaware
State
University,
DE
........................
1
3,159
2,348
 
409
105
 
 
55,877
 
Howard
University,
DC
......................................
3
9,108
8,602
 
1,136
448
121
467
 
599,148
**
University
of
the
District
of
Columbia,
DC
......
1
5,181
4,160
 
354
58
 
 
79,792
 
University
of
the
District
of
Columbia
Law
School,
DC
3
..........................................
1
168
109
148
 
 
 
37
 
 
Bethune­
Cookman
College,
FL
.........................
3
2,558
2,354
 
268
 
 
 
 
36,078
Edward
Waters
College,
FL
..............................
3
814
762
 
128
 
 
 
 
 
*
*
Florida
A&
M
University,
FL
.............................
1
12,082
11,066
45
1,466
325
8
100
180,576
 
Florida
Memorial
College,
FL
............................
3
1,738
1,522
 
154
 
 
 
 
 
Albany
State
College,
GA
.................................
1
3,356
3,078
 
332
95
 
 
41,948
 
Clark
Atlanta
University,
GA
.............................
3
4,963
4,859
 
559
312
28
 
 
98,969
**
Fort
Valley
State
University,
GA
.....................
1
2,658
2,463
2
233
72
 
 
42,057
 
Interdenominational
Theological
Center,
GA
....
3
403
377
 
 
11
12
95
 
8,995
Morehouse
College,
GA
....................................
3
3,012
2,999
 
504
 
 
 
 
57,726
Morehouse
School
of
Medicine,
GA
.................
3
196
174
 
 
17
 
31
 
72,154
Morris
Brown
College,
GA
................................
3
2,013
1,971
 
261
 
 
 
 
44,174
Paine
College,
GA
............................................
3
863
836
 
98
 
 
 
 
 
Savannah
State
College,
GA
............................
1
2,153
1,920
 
251
51
 
 
33,541
 
Spelman
College,
GA
.......................................
3
2,065
2,013
 
397
 
 
 
 
47,394
**
Kentucky
State
University,
KY
........................
1
2,393
1,428
71
222
23
 
 
40,939
 
Dillard
University,
LA
.........................................
3
1,698
1,685
 
192
 
 
 
 
32,972
Grambling
State
University,
LA
.........................
1
4,671
4,462
32
752
97
14
 
58,058
 
*
*
Southern
University
and
A&
M
College,
Baton
Rouge,
LA
...........................................
1
9,345
8,779
28
1,062
280
2
93
103,624
 
Southern
University,
New
Orleans,
LA
.............
1
3,789
3,604
9
448
137
 
 
25,584
 
Southern
University,
Shreveport­
Bossier
City
Campus,
LA
...........................................
2
1,324
1,220
190
 
 
 
 
11,136
 
Xavier
University
of
Louisiana,
LA
....................
3
3,820
3,420
 
465
97
 
128
 
66,717
Bowie
State
University,
MD
..............................
1
4,770
3,769
 
513
480
 
 
42,696
 
Coppin
State
College,
MD
................................
1
3,844
3,570
 
421
84
 
 
32,186
 
Morgan
State
University,
MD
............................
1
6,172
5,809
 
712
105
11
 
93,788
 
*
*
University
of
Maryland,
Eastern
Shore,
MD
....
1
3,000
2,350
 
456
72
1
 
42,747
 
Lewis
College
of
Business,
MI
..........................
4
314
304
20
 
 
 
 
 
1,311
**
Alcorn
State
University,
MS
............................
1
2,901
2,722
12
464
119
 
 
48,116
 
Coahoma
Community
College,
MS
..................
2
1,161
1,134
188
 
 
 
 
13,225
 
Hinds
Community
College,
Utica
Campus,
MS
2
1,817
1,694
91
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jackson
State
University,
MS
...........................
1
6,354
6,050
 
658
269
15
 
79,056
 
Mary
Holmes
College,
MS
................................
4
389
383
48
 
 
 
 
 
6,225
Mississippi
Valley
State
University,
MS
............
1
2,509
2,386
 
309
43
 
 
32,429
 
Rust
College,
MS
..............................................
3
843
804
2
97
 
 
 
 
11,491
Tougaloo
College,
MS
......................................
3
967
967
1
142
 
 
 
 
15,624
Harris­
Stowe
State
College,
MO
.......................
1
1,752
1,314
 
139
 
 
 
14,302
 
*
*
Lincoln
University,
MO
....................................
1
3,347
1,023
67
322
65
 
 
32,332
 
Barber­
Scotia
College,
NC
................................
3
480
477
 
46
 
 
 
 
10,060
Bennett
College,
NC
.........................................
3
640
619
 
68
 
 
 
 
 
Elizabeth
City
State
University,
NC
..................
1
1,966
1,482
 
318
 
 
 
36,250
 
Fayetteville
State
University,
NC
......................
1
4,875
3,485
9
683
106
3
 
46,867
 
265
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
221.
 
Fall
enrollment,
degrees
conferred,
and
expenditures
in
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
by
institution:
1999,
1999
 
2000,
and
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Institution
Type
and
control
1
Enrollment,
1999
Degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Current­
fund
expenditures
for
public
institutions,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
Total
expenditures
for
private
institutions,
1998
 
99,
in
thousands
Total
Black
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Firstprofessional
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Johnson
C.
Smith
University,
NC
.....................
3
1,546
1,531
 
172
 
 
 
 
25,276
Livingstone
College,
NC
...................................
3
1,095
1,048
 
116
1
 
10
 
 
*
*
North
Carolina
Agricultural
and
Technical
State
University,
NC
......................................
1
7,603
6,709
 
880
237
2
 
123,573
 
North
Carolina
Central
University,
NC
..............
1
5,595
4,577
 
635
275
 
110
77,415
 
St.
Augustine's
College,
NC
.............................
3
1,492
1,341
 
255
 
 
 
 
23,949
Shaw
University,
NC
.........................................
3
2,670
2,576
23
390
 
 
18
 
24,372
Winston­
Salem
State
University,
NC
................
1
2,788
2,277
 
546
 
 
 
43,171
 
Central
State
University,
OH
.............................
1
1,130
1,050
 
163
1
 
 
38,193
 
Wilberforce
University,
OH
................................
3
964
893
 
223
 
 
 
 
 
*
*
Langston
University,
OK
..................................
1
3,501
2,054
3
352
4
 
 
31,398
 
Cheyney
University
of
Pennsylvania,
PA
.........
1
1,821
1,644
 
149
190
 
 
27,597
 
Lincoln
University,
PA
.......................................
1
2,008
1,828
 
285
216
 
 
34,768
 
Allen
University,
SC
..........................................
3
328
309
 
32
 
 
 
 
5,052
Benedict
College,
SC
........................................
3
2,750
2,747
 
244
 
 
 
 
35,852
Claflin
College,
SC
............................................
3
1,120
1,081
 
203
 
 
 
 
16,772
Clinton
Junior
College,
SC
................................
4
 
 
66
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denmark
Technical
College,
SC
.......................
2
1,212
1,135
98
 
 
 
 
6,943
 
Morris
College,
SC
............................................
3
907
905
 
170
 
 
 
 
13,782
**
South
Carolina
State
University,
SC
...............
1
4,623
4,326
 
679
162
27
 
62,178
 
Voorhees
College,
SC
......................................
3
931
888
 
169
 
 
 
 
14,616
Fisk
University,
TN
............................................
3
886
867
 
134
8
 
 
 
 
Lane
College,
TN
..............................................
3
666
664
 
90
 
 
 
 
10,179
Le
Moyne­
Owen
College,
TN
...........................
3
1,013
1,011
 
120
 
 
 
 
19,537
Meharry
Medical
College,
TN
...........................
3
900
675
 
 
15
10
125
 
77,351
**
Tennessee
State
University,
TN
.....................
1
8,836
6,674
105
950
448
33
 
105,351
 
Huston­
Tillotson
College,
TX
............................
3
547
412
 
95
 
 
 
 
11,383
Jarvis
Christian
College,
TX
.............................
3
519
488
 
105
 
 
 
 
11,453
Paul
Quinn
College,
TX
....................................
3
670
601
 
141
 
 
 
 
8,959
**
Prairie
View
A&
M
University,
TX
.....................
1
6,271
5,505
 
639
416
 
 
78,884
 
St.
Philip's
College,
TX
.....................................
2
7,658
1,516
535
 
 
 
 
36,018
 
Southwestern
Christian
College,
TX
.................
3
187
163
29
5
 
 
 
 
3,881
Texas
College,
TX
............................................
3
294
285
 
24
 
 
 
 
5,097
Texas
Southern
University,
TX
.........................
1
6,522
5,457
 
465
147
19
225
81,312
 
Wiley
College,
TX
.............................................
3
578
506
 
133
 
 
 
 
11,707
Hampton
University,
VA
....................................
3
5,783
5,035
21
842
116
2
 
 
92,346
Norfolk
State
University,
VA
.............................
1
6,987
6,115
39
825
185
7
 
78,885
 
St.
Paul's
College,
VA
.......................................
3
606
583
 
110
 
 
 
 
10,545
**
Virginia
State
University,
VA
...........................
1
4,303
3,919
 
485
136
 
 
58,661
 
Virginia
Union
University,
VA
............................
3
1,447
1,421
 
174
 
 
85
 
19,293
Bluefield
State
College,
WV
..............................
1
2,339
209
204
187
 
 
 
15,381
 
West
Virginia
State
College,
WV
......................
1
4,794
643
185
417
 
 
 
29,848
 
*
*
University
of
the
Virgin
Islands,
St.
Thomas
Campus,
VI
................................
1
1,597
1,339
40
154
16
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
applicable.
**
Land­
grant
institution.
1
1=
public
4­
year;
2=
public
2­
year;
3=
private
4­
year;
and
4=
private
2­
year.
2
In
1998,
this
school
became
a
historically
black
college.
It
opened
in
1960
as
Gadsden
Vocational
Trade
School,
a
private
training
facility.
3
Formerly
included
in
the
University
of
the
District
of
Columbia.
In
1999
 
2000,
the
law
school
was
reported
separately.
NOTE:
Excludes
historically
black
colleges
and
universities
that
are
not
participating
in
Title
IV
participating
programs.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999,''
``
Completions,
1999
 
2000,''
and
``
Finance,
1998
 
99''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
266
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
222.
 
Selected
statistics
on
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities:
1980,
1990,
1996
 
97,
1999,
and
1999
 
2000
Item
Total
Public
Private
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
Number
of
institutions,
fall
2000
........................................................................
103
41
11
48
3
Total
enrollment,
fall
1980
......................................................................................
233,557
155,085
13,132
62,924
2,416
Men
....................................................................................................................
106,387
70,236
6,758
28,352
1,041
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
81,818
53,654
2,781
24,412
971
Women
..............................................................................................................
127,170
84,849
6,374
34,572
1,375
Women,
black
................................................................................................
109,171
70,582
4,644
32,589
1,356
Total
enrollment,
fall
1990
......................................................................................
257,152
171,969
15,077
68,528
1,578
Men
....................................................................................................................
105,157
70,220
6,321
28,054
562
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
82,897
54,041
3,214
25,198
444
Women
..............................................................................................................
151,995
101,749
8,756
40,474
1,016
Women,
black
................................................................................................
125,785
80,883
6,066
38,115
721
Total
enrollment,
fall
1999
......................................................................................
274,212
175,364
24,340
73,805
703
Men
....................................................................................................................
108,398
69,045
9,943
29,226
184
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
88,057
56,472
4,210
27,196
179
Women
..............................................................................................................
165,814
106,319
14,397
44,579
519
Women,
black
................................................................................................
138,350
87,652
7,781
42,409
508
Full­
time
enrollment,
fall
1999
...........................................................................
209,459
129,773
12,387
66,929
370
Men
................................................................................................................
85,292
53,665
5,054
26,436
137
Women
...........................................................................................................
124,167
76,108
7,333
40,493
233
Part­
time
enrollment,
fall
1999
..........................................................................
64,753
45,591
11,953
6,876
333
Men
................................................................................................................
23,106
15,380
4,889
2,790
47
Women
...........................................................................................................
41,647
30,211
7,064
4,086
286
Earned
degrees
conferred,
1999
 
2000
Associate
................................................................................................................
3,418
1,000
2,173
111
134
Men
....................................................................................................................
1,190
311
780
46
53
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
472
110
281
32
49
Women
..............................................................................................................
2,228
689
1,393
65
81
Women,
black
................................................................................................
1,149
258
764
49
78
Bachelor's
...............................................................................................................
29,376
19,733
 
9,643
 
Men
....................................................................................................................
10,492
7,215
 
3,277
 
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
8,951
5,942
 
3,009
 
Women
..............................................................................................................
18,884
12,518
 
6,366
 
Women,
black
................................................................................................
16,557
10,564
 
5,993
 
Master's
..................................................................................................................
6,722
5,652
 
1,070
 
Men
....................................................................................................................
2,011
1,683
 
328
 
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
1,307
1,081
 
226
 
Women
..............................................................................................................
4,711
3,969
 
742
 
Women,
black
................................................................................................
3,415
2,779
 
636
 
Doctor's
..................................................................................................................
326
153
 
173
 
Men
....................................................................................................................
131
57
 
74
 
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
81
32
 
49
 
Women
..............................................................................................................
195
96
 
99
 
Women,
black
................................................................................................
144
67
 
77
 
First­
professional
....................................................................................................
1,579
565
 
1,014
 
Men
....................................................................................................................
740
269
 
471
 
Men,
black
......................................................................................................
486
130
 
356
 
Women
..............................................................................................................
839
296
 
543
 
Women,
black
................................................................................................
611
189
 
422
 
Financial
statistics,
1996
 
97,
in
thousands
of
dollars
Current­
fund
revenues
...........................................................................................
 
$
2,173,308
$
99,880
 
 
Tuition
and
fees
.................................................................................................
 
446,451
18,981
 
 
Federal
government
..........................................................................................
 
366,229
16,601
 
 
State
governments
............................................................................................
 
894,660
51,076
 
 
Local
governments
............................................................................................
 
79,080
8,000
 
 
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
....................................................................
 
38,235
209
 
 
Endowment
income
...........................................................................................
 
3,604
3
 
 
Sales
and
services
............................................................................................
 
10,087
102
 
 
Other
sources
....................................................................................................
 
334,962
4,908
 
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
......................................................................................
 
2,136,616
98,176
 
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
..............................................................
 
1,851,522
93,863
 
 
Auxiliary
enterprises
..........................................................................................
 
285,093
4,313
 
 
Hospitals
............................................................................................................
 
0
0
 
 
Independent
operations
.....................................................................................
 
0
0
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Historically
black
colleges
and
universities
are
degree­
granting
institutions
established
prior
to
1964
with
the
principal
mission
of
educating
black
Americans.
Federal
regulations,
20
U.
S.
Code,
Section
1061
(
2),
allow
for
certain
exceptions
to
the
founding
date.
Most
institutions
are
in
the
southern
and
border
states
and
were
established
prior
to
1954.
Federal,
state,
and
local
governments
revenue
includes
appropriations,
grants,
contracts,
and
independent
operations.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;''
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment,''
``
Completions,''
and
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
267
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
ENROLLMENT
Table
223.
 
Fall
enrollment
in
degree­
granting
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1976
to
1999
Year
Total
enrollment
Type
of
institution
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1976
........................................................................
222,613
206,676
15,937
156,836
143,528
13,308
65,777
63,148
2,629
1977
........................................................................
226,062
209,898
16,164
158,823
145,450
13,373
67,239
64,448
2,791
1978
........................................................................
227,797
211,651
16,146
163,237
150,168
13,069
64,560
61,483
3,077
1979
........................................................................
230,124
214,147
15,977
166,315
153,139
13,176
63,809
61,008
2,801
1980
........................................................................
233,557
218,009
15,548
168,217
155,085
13,132
65,340
62,924
2,416
1981
........................................................................
232,460
217,152
15,308
166,991
154,269
12,722
65,469
62,883
2,586
1982
........................................................................
228,371
212,017
16,354
165,871
151,472
14,399
62,500
60,545
1,955
1983
........................................................................
234,446
217,909
16,537
170,051
155,665
14,386
64,395
62,244
2,151
1984
........................................................................
227,519
212,844
14,675
164,116
151,289
12,827
63,403
61,555
1,848
1985
........................................................................
225,801
210,648
15,153
163,677
150,002
13,675
62,124
60,646
1,478
1986
........................................................................
223,275
207,231
16,044
162,048
147,631
14,417
61,227
59,600
1,627
1987
........................................................................
227,994
211,654
16,340
165,486
150,560
14,926
62,508,
61,094
1,414
1988
........................................................................
239,755
223,250
16,505
173,672
158,606
15,066
66,083
64,644
1,439
1989
........................................................................
249,096
232,890
16,206
181,151
166,481
14,670
67,945
66,409
1,536
1990
........................................................................
257,152
240,497
16,655
187,046
171,969
15,077
70,106
68,528
1,578
1991
........................................................................
269,335
252,093
17,242
197,847
182,204
15,643
71,488
69,889
1,599
1992
........................................................................
279,541
261,089
18,452
204,966
188,143
16,823
74,575
72,946
1,629
1993
........................................................................
282,856
262,430
20,426
208,197
189,032
19,165
74,659
73,398
1,261
1994
........................................................................
280,071
259,997
20,074
206,520
187,735
18,785
73,551
72,262
1,289
1995
........................................................................
278,725
259,409
19,316
204,726
186,278
18,448
73,999
73,131
868
1996
........................................................................
273,018
253,654
19,364
200,569
182,063
18,506
72,449
71,591
858
1997
........................................................................
269,167
248,860
20,307
194,674
175,297
19,377
74,493
73,563
930
1998
........................................................................
273,472
248,931
24,541
198,603
174,776
23,827
74,869
74,155
714
1999
........................................................................
274,212
249,169
25,043
199,704
175,364
24,340
74,508
73,805
703
NOTE:
Data
for
1976
to
1995
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)

Table
224.
 
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
primary
occupation,
employment
status,
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1976,
fall
1991,
and
fall
1999
Primary
occupation
and
control
of
institution
Fall
1976
1
Fall
1991
1
Fall
1999
2
Total
staff
Full­
time
equivalent
staff
Total
staff
Full­
time
equivalent
staff
Total
staff
Full­
time
equivalent
staff
Number
Percent
Full­
time
Total
FTE
students
per
FTE
staff
Number
Percent
Total
FTE
students
per
FTE
staff
Number
Percent
Total
FTE
students
per
FTE
staff
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total,
all
institutions
..................................................
1,863,790
100.0
1,339,911
1,541,339
5.4
2,545,235
100.0
2,094,628
4.9
2,883,175
100.0
2,285,525
4.8
Professional
staff
.....................................................
1,073,119
57.6
709,400
845,456
9.8
1,595,460
62.7
1,244,588
8.3
1,950,861
67.7
1,467,852
7.5
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
....................
101,263
5.4
97,003
98,972
84.0
144,755
5.7
141,718
73.1
159,888
5.5
156,571
69.9
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
.......................
633,210
34.0
434,071
500,533
16.6
826,252
32.5
632,565
16.4
1,027,830
35.6
736,584
14.9
Instruction
and
research
assistants
.....................
160,086
8.6
28,007
82,684
100.5
197,751
7.8
81,467
127.2
239,738
8.3
99,133
110.4
Non­
faculty
professionals
.....................................
178,560
9.6
150,319
163,267
50.9
426,702
16.8
388,838
26.6
523,405
18.2
475,564
23.0
Nonprofessional
staff
...............................................
790,671
42.4
630,511
695,883
11.9
949,775
37.3
850,040
12.2
932,314
32.3
817,674
13.4
Public,
total
...................................................................
1,329,122
100.0
946,354
1,092,558
5.8
1,783,328
100.0
1,449,398
5.4
1,988,809
100.0
1,550,190
5.2
Professional
staff
.....................................................
769,836
57.9
502,325
601,942
10.5
1,133,264
63.5
868,112
9.1
1,352,325
68.0
994,132
8.1
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
....................
60,733
4.6
58,649
59,579
106.6
84,446
4.7
82,835
94.9
85,795
4.3
84,110
95.4
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
.......................
448,733
33.8
313,367
357,761
17.7
580,908
32.6
446,113
17.6
713,325
35.9
507,630
15.8
Instruction
and
research
assistants
.....................
127,925
9.6
19,076
63,420
100.1
173,560
9.7
70,707
111.2
200,563
10.1
81,707
98.2
Non­
faculty
professionals
.....................................
132,445
10.0
111,233
121,182
52.4
294,350
16.5
268,458
29.3
352,642
17.7
320,684
25.0
Nonprofessional
staff
...............................................
559,286
42.1
444,029
490,616
12.9
650,064
36.5
581,286
13.5
636,484
32.0
556,058
14.4
Private,
total
..................................................................
534,668
100.0
393,557
448,781
4.4
761,907
100.0
645,231
3.9
894,366
100.0
735,335
4.0
Professional
staff
.....................................................
303,283
56.7
207,075
243,514
8.1
462,196
60.7
376,476
6.6
598,536
66.9
473,720
6.2
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
....................
40,530
7.6
38,354
39,393
49.8
60,309
7.9
58,883
42.4
74,093
8.3
72,461
40.3
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
.......................
184,477
34.5
120,704
142,772
13.7
245,344
32.2
186,452
13.4
314,505
35.2
228,954
12.8
Instruction
and
research
assistants
.....................
32,161
6.0
8,931
19,264
101.9
24,191
3.2
10,760
232.1
39,175
4.4
17,426
167.8
Non­
faculty
professionals
.....................................
46,115
8.6
39,086
42,085
46.6
132,352
17.4
120,380
20.7
170,763
19.1
154,879
18.9
Nonprofessional
staff
...............................................
231,385
43.3
186,482
205,267
9.6
299,711
39.3
268,755
9.3
295,830
33.1
261,615
11.2
1
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
organization
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
directly
recognized
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Data
are
for
4
 
year
and
2
 
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Staff,
1976''
survey;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
268
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
225.
 
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity,
primary
occupation,
employment
status,
sex,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
Primary
occupation,
sex,
employment
status,
and
type
and
control
of
institution
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Race/
ethnicity
unknown
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total,
all
institutions
.................................................................................
2,883,175
2,148,845
288,632
134,672
128,698
13,289
18,143
150,896
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
1,950,861
1,512,740
123,784
63,364
96,823
8,015
14,364
131,771
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
159,888
135,107
14,047
5,024
3,332
760
456
1,162
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
1,027,830
839,006
53,401
30,961
48,892
4,429
9,155
41,986
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
239,738
135,261
8,766
7,629
18,570
761
1,775
66,976
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
523,405
403,366
47,570
19,750
26,029
2,065
2,978
21,647
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
932,314
636,105
164,848
71,308
31,875
5,274
3,779
19,125
Men,
total
.....................................................................................................
1,365,812
1,019,666
109,904
60,046
68,341
6,230
10,106
91,519
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
1,026,882
793,562
50,940
31,128
55,929
3,975
8,309
83,039
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
83,883
72,279
6,160
2,435
1,718
365
281
645
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
602,469
492,484
26,047
17,428
32,381
2,412
5,581
26,136
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
132,607
70,224
3,549
3,730
10,932
367
935
42,870
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
207,923
158,575
15,184
7,535
10,898
831
1,512
13,388
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
338,930
226,104
58,964
28,918
12,412
2,255
1,797
8,480
Women,
total
...............................................................................................
1,517,363
1,129,179
178,728
74,626
60,357
7,059
8,037
59,377
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
923,979
719,178
72,844
32,236
40,894
4,040
6,055
48,732
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
76,005
62,828
7,887
2,589
1,614
395
175
517
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
425,361
346,522
27,354
13,533
16,511
2,017
3,574
15,850
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
107,131
65,037
5,217
3,899
7,638
394
840
24,106
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
315,482
244,791
32,386
12,215
15,131
1,234
1,466
8,259
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
593,384
410,001
105,884
42,390
19,463
3,019
1,982
10,645
Full­
time,
total
..............................................................................................
1,918,676
1,460,222
222,715
94,726
83,182
9,168
11,584
37,079
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
1,180,173
954,972
84,274
38,262
59,406
5,022
9,529
28,708
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
153,722
129,937
13,616
4,859
3,201
727
418
964
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
590,937
489,206
29,222
16,498
34,112
2,561
7,190
12,148
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
435,514
335,829
41,436
16,905
22,093
1,734
1,921
15,596
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
738,503
505,250
138,441
56,464
23,776
4,146
2,055
8,371
Part­
time,
total
.............................................................................................
964,499
688,623
65,917
39,946
45,516
4,121
6,559
113,817
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
770,688
557,768
39,510
25,102
37,417
2,993
4,835
103,063
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
6,166
5,170
431
165
131
33
38
198
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
436,893
349,800
24,179
14,463
14,780
1,868
1,965
29,838
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
239,738
135,261
8,766
7,629
18,570
761
1,775
66,976
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
87,891
67,537
6,134
2,845
3,936
331
1,057
6,051
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
193,811
130,855
26,407
14,844
8,099
1,128
1,724
10,754
Public
4­
year
...............................................................................................
1,470,842
1,074,276
146,183
65,537
76,808
6,993
10,971
90,074
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
987,622
740,818
60,390
30,810
60,210
4,129
9,120
82,145
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
64,336
54,139
6,181
1,883
1,291
309
192
341
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
417,086
337,857
20,219
11,160
26,691
1,902
5,692
13,565
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
196,393
110,957
6,752
6,370
15,445
630
1,358
54,881
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
309,807
237,865
27,238
11,397
16,783
1,288
1,878
13,358
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
483,220
333,458
85,793
34,727
16,598
2,864
1,851
7,929
Private
4­
year
..............................................................................................
857,820
644,296
90,638
34,961
36,921
2,155
5,979
42,870
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
569,579
450,736
34,922
15,039
26,584
1,274
4,496
36,528
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
69,626
59,557
5,590
1,957
1,588
176
219
539
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
296,737
242,507
13,338
6,537
13,840
652
2,918
16,945
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
38,597
21,005
1,431
974
2,973
83
402
11,729
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
164,619
127,667
14,563
5,571
8,183
363
957
7,315
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
288,241
193,560
55,716
19,922
10,337
881
1,483
6,342
Public
2­
year
...............................................................................................
517,967
401,260
48,840
32,309
14,012
3,852
1,120
16,574
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
364,703
297,533
26,302
16,383
9,320
2,422
694
12,049
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
21,459
17,628
1,987
1,016
383
241
38
166
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
296,239
243,842
18,671
12,697
7,906
1,781
504
10,838
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
4,170
2,873
539
246
132
46
14
320
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
42,835
33,190
5,105
2,424
899
354
138
725
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
153,264
103,727
22,538
15,926
4,692
1,430
426
4,525
Private
2­
year
..............................................................................................
36,546
29,013
2,971
1,865
957
289
73
1,378
Professional
staff
....................................................................................
28,957
23,653
2,170
1,132
709
190
54
1,049
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...................................................
4,467
3,783
289
168
70
34
7
116
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
......................................................
17,768
14,800
1,173
567
455
94
41
638
Instruction
and
research
assistants
....................................................
578
426
44
39
20
2
1
46
Non­
faculty
professionals
....................................................................
6,144
4,644
664
358
164
60
5
249
Nonprofessional
staff
..............................................................................
7,589
5,360
801
733
248
99
19
329
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff,
1999''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
269
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
226.
 
Employees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
primary
occupation,
sex,
employment
status,
and
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1999
Primary
occupation
and
type
and
control
of
institution
Full­
time
and
part­
time
Full­
time
Part­
time
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Number
Percent
distribution
Number
Percent
of
all
employees
Number
Percent
of
all
employees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total,
all
employees
..............................................
2,883,175
100.0
1,365,812
1,517,363
52.6
1,918,676
66.5
896,837
1,021,839
964,499
468,975
495,524
Professional
staff
................................................
1,950,861
67.7
1,026,882
923,979
47.4
1,180,173
60.5
628,066
552,107
770,688
398,816
371,872
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...............
159,888
5.5
83,883
76,005
47.5
153,722
96.1
81,260
72,462
6,166
2,623
3,543
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
..................
1,027,830
35.6
602,469
425,361
41.4
590,937
57.5
371,039
219,898
436,893
231,430
205,463
Instruction
and
research
assistants
................
239,738
8.3
132,607
107,131
44.7
0
0
0
0
239,738
132,607
107,131
Non­
faculty
professionals
................................
523,405
18.2
207,923
315,482
60.3
435,514
83.2
175,767
259,747
87,891
32,156
55,735
Nonprofessional
staff
..........................................
932,314
32.3
338,930
593,384
63.6
738,503
79.2
268,771
469,732
193,811
70,159
123,652
Technical
and
paraprofessionals
....................
198,492
6.9
80,472
118,020
59.5
151,601
76.4
62,598
89,003
46,891
17,874
29,017
Clerical
and
secretarial
...................................
447,191
15.5
61,449
385,742
86.3
345,734
77.3
35,251
310,483
101,457
26,198
75,259
Skilled
crafts
....................................................
65,544
2.3
61,009
4,535
6.9
61,422
93.7
58,024
3,398
4,122
2,985
1,137
Service
and
maintenance
...............................
221,087
7.7
136,000
85,087
38.5
179,746
81.3
112,898
66,848
41,341
23,102
18,239
Public
4­
year,
total
...................................................
1,470,842
100.0
711,659
759,183
51.6
1,024,769
69.7
492,337
532,432
446,073
219,322
226,751
Professional
staff
................................................
987,622
67.1
530,790
456,832
46.3
625,746
63.4
342,826
282,920
361,876
187,964
173,912
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...............
64,336
4.4
36,317
28,019
43.6
62,200
96.7
35,389
26,811
2,136
928
1,208
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
..................
417,086
28.4
260,052
157,034
37.7
302,598
72.6
199,146
103,452
114,488
60,906
53,582
Instruction
and
research
assistants
................
196,393
13.4
108,449
87,944
44.8
0
0
0
0
196,393
108,449
87,944
Non­
faculty
professionals
................................
309,807
21.1
125,972
183,835
59.3
260,948
84.2
108,291
152,657
48,859
17,681
31,178
Nonprofessional
staff
..........................................
483,220
32.9
180,869
302,351
62.6
399,023
82.6
149,511
249,512
84,197
31,358
52,839
Technical
and
paraprofessionals
....................
106,023
7.2
43,785
62,238
58.7
83,362
78.6
35,179
48,183
22,661
8,606
14,055
Clerical
and
secretarial
...................................
219,431
14.9
29,486
189,945
86.6
176,928
80.6
17,313
159,615
42,503
12,173
30,330
Skilled
crafts
....................................................
41,413
2.8
39,130
2,283
5.5
40,033
96.7
37,989
2,044
1,380
1,141
239
Service
and
maintenance
...............................
116,353
7.9
68,468
47,885
41.2
98,700
84.8
59,030
39,670
17,653
9,438
8,215
Public
2­
year,
total
...................................................
517,967
100.0
232,339
285,628
55.1
259,186
50.0
111,078
148,108
258,781
121,261
137,520
Professional
staff
................................................
364,703
70.4
179,384
185,319
50.8
156,713
43.0
76,011
80,702
207,990
103,373
104,617
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...............
21,459
4.1
11,204
10,255
47.8
20,552
95.8
10,762
9,790
907
442
465
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
..................
296,239
57.2
150,465
145,774
49.2
104,654
35.3
53,528
51,126
191,585
96,937
94,648
Instruction
and
research
assistants
................
4,170
0.8
1,946
2,224
53.3
0
0
0
0
4,170
1,946
2,224
Non­
faculty
professionals
................................
42,835
8.3
15,769
27,066
63.2
31,507
73.6
11,721
19,786
11,328
4,048
7,280
Nonprofessional
staff
..........................................
153,264
29.6
52,955
100,309
65.4
102,473
66.9
35,067
67,406
50,791
17,888
32,903
Technical
and
paraprofessionals
....................
37,527
7.2
14,518
23,009
61.3
24,184
64.4
9,455
14,729
13,343
5,063
8,280
Clerical
and
secretarial
...................................
77,771
15.0
10,370
67,401
86.7
49,560
63.7
3,469
46,091
28,211
6,901
21,310
Skilled
crafts
....................................................
6,710
1.3
5,783
927
13.8
5,214
77.7
4,784
430
1,496
999
497
Service
and
maintenance
...............................
31,256
6.0
22,284
8,972
28.7
23,515
75.2
17,359
6,156
7,741
4,925
2,816
Private
4­
year,
total
.................................................
857,820
100.0
405,505
452,315
52.7
610,302
71.1
282,718
327,584
247,518
122,787
124,731
Professional
staff
................................................
569,579
66.4
302,968
266,611
46.8
378,826
66.5
200,417
178,409
190,753
102,551
88,202
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...............
69,626
8.1
34,450
35,176
50.5
66,665
95.7
33,258
33,407
2,961
1,192
1,769
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
..................
296,737
34.6
182,412
114,325
38.5
174,352
58.8
113,104
61,248
122,385
69,308
53,077
Instruction
and
research
assistants
................
38,597
4.5
21,912
16,685
43.2
0
0
0
0
38,597
21,912
16,685
Non­
faculty
professionals
................................
164,619
19.2
64,194
100,425
61.0
137,809
83.7
54,055
83,754
26,810
10,139
16,671
Nonprofessional
staff
..........................................
288,241
33.6
102,537
185,704
64.4
231,476
80.3
82,301
149,175
56,765
20,236
36,529
Technical
and
paraprofessionals
....................
53,279
6.2
21,462
31,817
59.7
42,765
80.3
17,382
25,383
10,514
4,080
6,434
Clerical
and
secretarial
...................................
146,191
17.0
21,182
125,009
85.5
116,469
79.7
14,223
102,246
29,722
6,959
22,763
Skilled
crafts
....................................................
17,151
2.0
15,901
1,250
7.3
15,928
92.9
15,067
861
1,223
834
389
Service
and
maintenance
...............................
71,620
8.3
43,992
27,628
38.6
56,314
78.6
35,629
20,685
15,306
8,363
6,943
Private
2­
year,
total
.................................................
36,546
100.0
16,309
20,237
55.4
24,419
66.8
10,704
13,715
12,127
5,605
6,522
Professional
staff
................................................
28,957
79.2
13,740
15,217
52.6
18,888
65.2
8,812
10,076
10,069
4,928
5,141
Executive/
administrative/
managerial
...............
4,467
12.2
1,912
2,555
57.2
4,305
96.4
1,851
2,454
162
61
101
Faculty
(
instruction
and
research)
..................
17,768
48.6
9,540
8,228
46.3
9,333
52.5
5,261
4,072
8,435
4,279
4,156
Instruction
and
research
assistants
................
578
1.6
300
278
48.1
0
0
0
0
578
300
278
Non­
faculty
professionals
................................
6,144
16.8
1,988
4,156
67.6
5,250
85.4
1,700
3,550
894
288
606
Nonprofessional
staff
..........................................
7,589
20.8
2,569
5,020
66.1
5,531
72.9
1,892
3,639
2,058
677
1,381
Technical
and
paraprofessionals
....................
1,663
4.6
707
956
57.5
1,290
77.6
582
708
373
125
248
Clerical
and
secretarial
...................................
3,798
10.4
411
3,387
89.2
2,777
73.1
246
2,531
1,021
165
856
Skilled
crafts
....................................................
270
0.7
195
75
27.8
247
91.5
184
63
23
11
12
Service
and
maintenance
...............................
1,858
5.1
1,256
602
32.4
1,217
65.5
880
337
641
376
265
NOTE:
Percentages
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff,
1999''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
270
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STAFF
Table
227.
 
Staff
and
student/
staff
ratios
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
Fall
1999
State
or
other
area
Full­
time­
equivalent
staff
Full­
time­
equivalent
faculty
Full­
time­
equivalent
students
per
FTE
staff
Full­
time­
equivalent
students
per
FTE
faculty
Full­
time­
equivalent
faculty
as
a
percent
of
FTE
staff
Public
Private
Public
Private
Public
Private
Public
Private
Public
Private
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
United
States
......
1,200,226
349,964
706,421
28,915
340,145
167,485
216,702
12,252
4.1
8.8
3.8
7.9
14.5
18.4
12.4
18.7
28.3
47.9
30.7
42.4
Alabama
..................
33,029
5,292
3,911
179
7,021
2,582
1,423
68
3.2
8.7
5.8
4.3
15.1
17.8
15.9
11.4
21.3
48.8
36.4
37.8
Alaska
......................
3,606
44
239
45
1,248
16
87
19
4.5
7.0
2.7
6.3
12.9
19.9
7.4
15.2
34.6
35.3
36.4
41.8
Arizona
....................
21,334
6,681
3,169
820
4,968
2,811
1,390
374
4.1
13.0
12.4
9.1
17.4
30.9
28.3
20.0
23.3
42.1
43.8
45.6
Arkansas
.................
16,570
2,910
2,107
63
4,295
1,318
659
20
3.5
7.7
5.1
5.7
13.4
16.9
16.2
17.7
25.9
45.3
31.3
31.9
California
.................
108,988
48,659
53,137
3,859
34,042
28,890
16,486
1,521
4.3
12.3
4.6
8.2
13.6
20.8
14.9
20.9
31.2
59.4
31.0
39.4
Colorado
..................
23,029
4,838
5,134
498
8,640
2,129
1,890
239
4.8
8.6
5.6
9.8
12.7
19.5
15.3
20.5
37.5
44.0
36.8
47.9
Connecticut
.............
11,458
2,634
16,859
223
2,998
1,225
5,457
115
3.9
7.7
2.8
8.1
14.8
16.6
8.7
15.7
26.2
46.5
32.4
51.6
Delaware
.................
4,706
1,117
809
25
1,129
452
415
12
4.5
6.6
7.7
5.1
19.0
16.3
15.0
10.5
24.0
40.5
51.2
48.0
District
of
Columbia
925
 
21,861
 
498
 
5,807
 
3.5
 
2.5
 
6.5
 
9.4
 
53.8
 
26.6
 
Florida
.....................
35,383
23,938
23,050
1,696
10,899
9,249
7,545
771
5.1
7.3
4.5
8.3
16.7
19.0
13.7
18.4
30.8
38.6
32.7
45.5
Georgia
....................
36,939
6,427
16,128
532
9,103
2,903
5,351
196
3.6
7.0
3.8
6.7
14.8
15.4
11.6
18.2
24.6
45.2
33.2
36.8
Hawaii
......................
4,457
1,485
1,600
157
2,031
831
747
74
3.9
10.7
7.2
9.8
8.5
19.1
15.4
20.7
45.6
56.0
46.7
47.4
Idaho
.......................
5,654
1,175
449
890
1,951
409
175
395
6.0
5.4
6.0
9.7
17.3
15.6
15.5
21.9
34.5
34.9
38.9
44.4
Illinois
......................
44,083
18,788
48,626
785
11,604
8,442
14,136
315
3.7
9.9
3.2
6.3
14.1
22.1
11.0
15.8
26.3
44.9
29.1
40.1
Indiana
.....................
34,400
3,678
13,565
563
9,430
1,606
4,372
224
4.5
6.7
4.5
9.6
16.3
15.4
13.8
24.2
27.4
43.7
32.2
39.7
Iowa
.........................
17,931
5,475
8,641
284
4,179
2,298
3,072
116
3.4
8.2
4.9
7.9
14.6
19.5
13.8
19.4
23.3
42.0
35.5
40.7
Kansas
....................
17,445
5,641
2,622
306
4,842
2,331
1,012
102
4.2
6.9
5.6
4.1
15.0
16.6
14.5
12.4
27.8
41.3
38.6
33.3
Kentucky
..................
22,492
2,497
4,939
582
6,382
1,238
1,688
263
3.8
11.5
5.1
8.1
13.5
23.3
14.8
17.9
28.4
49.6
34.2
45.1
Louisiana
.................
23,594
2,939
7,002
291
7,606
1,630
2,151
121
5.4
9.6
3.7
8.4
16.7
17.3
12.2
20.1
32.2
55.4
30.7
41.7
Maine
.......................
5,124
760
3,179
144
1,538
376
933
79
4.7
6.4
4.0
9.7
15.7
12.9
13.6
17.8
30.0
49.5
29.3
54.4
Maryland
..................
22,689
7,893
14,972
76
7,291
3,792
3,916
42
4.0
7.2
2.3
7.3
12.6
15.1
8.8
13.3
32.1
48.0
26.2
54.9
Massachusetts
........
17,942
6,197
63,395
760
5,038
2,586
15,924
295
4.4
7.6
3.1
7.5
15.6
18.3
12.3
19.4
28.1
41.7
25.1
38.9
Michigan
..................
48,449
10,845
10,769
290
14,094
4,993
3,878
124
4.5
9.2
6.7
6.7
15.6
20.0
18.7
15.7
29.1
46.0
36.0
42.8
Minnesota
................
22,651
6,948
10,108
1,079
5,764
3,833
3,718
542
4.0
8.9
5.3
8.8
15.8
16.2
14.4
17.5
25.4
55.2
36.8
50.3
Mississippi
...............
18,743
5,598
1,681
159
3,253
2,589
593
54
2.9
8.2
5.6
4.7
16.8
17.8
15.9
13.7
17.4
46.2
35.3
34.2
Missouri
...................
26,041
5,615
22,567
875
7,800
2,679
7,280
400
3.7
8.3
3.7
7.9
12.5
17.4
11.4
17.3
30.0
47.7
32.3
45.7
Montana
..................
5,575
586
768
94
1,823
277
260
28
5.1
8.2
4.4
5.2
15.5
17.4
13.1
17.3
32.7
47.3
33.8
30.0
Nebraska
.................
11,920
2,581
4,168
164
3,438
1,083
1,476
77
3.7
8.1
4.3
9.9
12.9
19.2
12.2
21.0
28.8
41.9
35.4
47.0
Nevada
....................
5,431
1,891
262
187
1,827
852
129
68
4.8
11.6
9.7
9.1
14.3
25.7
19.7
25.1
33.6
45.0
49.2
36.4
New
Hampshire
.......
3,754
1,266
5,949
94
1,130
788
1,505
32
5.6
4.0
3.6
9.1
18.5
6.5
14.3
26.7
30.1
62.2
25.3
34.0
New
Jersey
.............
29,495
8,443
12,179
318
8,176
3,569
3,671
135
3.7
9.2
4.1
8.7
13.4
21.8
13.6
20.6
27.7
42.3
30.1
42.4
New
Mexico
.............
13,921
4,463
1,093
156
2,970
1,776
522
67
2.9
6.7
6.1
7.1
13.6
16.9
12.8
16.7
21.3
39.8
47.8
42.8
New
York
.................
56,949
19,737
105,217
2,424
17,791
9,070
32,954
1,003
4.7
8.2
3.4
8.0
15.1
17.8
11.0
19.4
31.2
46.0
31.3
41.4
North
Carolina
.........
35,326
16,298
30,617
202
9,260
8,933
6,729
102
3.9
5.9
2.2
6.0
15.0
10.8
9.8
11.9
26.2
54.8
22.0
50.6
North
Dakota
...........
5,255
1,027
473
226
1,793
405
238
46
4.6
7.0
7.8
2.2
13.4
17.7
15.5
10.6
34.1
39.4
50.2
20.3
Ohio
.........................
52,600
9,402
22,733
1,160
14,063
4,758
7,914
494
4.1
9.7
4.6
8.2
15.5
19.2
13.3
19.3
26.7
50.6
34.8
42.6
Oklahoma
................
17,599
4,678
3,765
393
5,111
1,902
1,332
149
4.5
7.7
5.0
6.0
15.4
18.9
14.1
15.9
29.0
40.7
35.4
37.8
Oregon
....................
18,436
7,529
4,904
101
6,053
3,296
1,851
51
3.1
6.0
4.7
9.4
9.6
13.7
12.6
18.7
32.8
43.8
37.7
50.4
Pennsylvania
...........
46,716
7,993
55,928
3,903
16,246
4,598
18,082
1,723
4.5
7.3
3.5
7.8
12.8
12.6
10.8
17.7
34.8
57.5
32.3
44.1
Rhode
Island
...........
3,441
677
7,889
 
1,038
281
1,995
 
5.2
12.6
4.1
 
17.3
30.5
16.1
 
30.2
41.5
25.3
 
South
Carolina
........
18,632
5,548
4,546
181
5,685
2,504
1,591
65
4.0
7.4
5.7
6.8
13.0
16.4
16.2
19.1
30.5
45.1
35.0
35.8
South
Dakota
..........
4,146
561
1,139
30
1,425
316
429
22
5.6
8.4
5.6
3.8
16.3
14.9
14.9
5.0
34.4
56.4
37.7
74.9
Tennessee
...............
30,357
4,891
21,616
595
7,668
1,979
5,005
180
3.3
9.6
2.3
6.5
13.1
23.8
10.0
21.4
25.3
40.5
23.2
30.2
Texas
.......................
84,509
32,527
23,849
1,374
21,384
14,571
7,473
565
4.1
7.9
4.0
8.9
16.2
17.7
12.8
21.6
25.3
44.8
31.3
41.1
Utah
.........................
17,772
1,850
5,041
266
4,083
661
1,776
120
3.7
11.0
6.9
10.2
16.1
30.7
19.5
22.5
23.0
35.7
35.2
45.3
Vermont
...................
4,065
277
3,753
295
1,271
155
1,109
165
3.4
7.3
3.6
2.1
10.8
13.1
12.2
3.7
31.3
55.8
29.6
56.0
Virginia
....................
37,215
4,830
11,633
796
10,960
1,934
3,869
363
3.9
14.9
4.3
6.9
13.4
37.1
12.9
15.1
29.5
40.0
33.3
45.6
Washington
.............
27,794
11,383
5,755
361
6,176
5,409
2,158
174
3.0
9.7
5.9
9.2
13.3
20.3
15.7
19.2
22.2
47.5
37.5
48.1
West
Virginia
...........
10,125
502
1,918
185
3,714
205
586
79
5.7
8.4
4.6
10.8
15.6
20.5
15.2
25.3
36.7
41.0
30.6
42.8
Wisconsin
................
26,445
11,341
10,703
37
7,640
6,246
3,943
13
4.9
5.0
4.1
4.5
16.9
9.1
11.2
13.0
28.9
55.1
36.8
34.3
Wyoming
.................
2,689
1,611
 
189
843
713
 
52
3.5
6.6
 
5.6
11.1
15.0
 
20.5
31.3
44.3
 
27.3
U.
S.
Service
Schools
2,395
 
 
 
934
 
 
 
5.6
 
 
 
14.3
 
 
 
39.0
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
....
12,849
1,244
7,502
722
4,551
468
3,283
290
5.3
4.3
10.4
12.2
14.9
11.3
23.7
30.3
35.4
37.7
43.8
40.2
American
Samoa
.....
 
215
 
 
 
59
 
 
 
3.6
 
 
 
13.0
 
 
 
27.5
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...........
 
191
 
 
 
70
 
 
 
6.6
 
 
 
18.0
 
 
 
36.5
 
 
Guam
.......................
608
208
 
 
209
94
 
 
5.1
4.2
 
 
14.9
9.4
 
 
34.3
45.2
 
 
Marshall
Islands
......
 
105
 
 
 
45
 
 
 
4.4
 
 
 
10.1
 
 
 
43.0
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..
 
180
 
 
 
86
 
 
 
4.0
 
 
 
8.3
 
 
 
47.8
 
 
Palau
.......................
 
176
 
 
 
40
 
 
 
2.5
 
 
 
10.9
 
 
 
22.9
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.............
11,777
169
7,502
722
4,202
74
3,283
290
5.3
4.6
10.4
12.2
14.9
10.6
23.7
30.3
35.7
43.8
43.8
40.2
Virgin
Islands
...........
465
 
 
 
140
 
 
 
4.0
 
 
 
13.4
 
 
 
30.1
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff,
1999''
and
``
Fall
Enrollment,
1999''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
271
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
228.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
senior
instructional
faculty
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
employment
status,
control,
and
type
of
institution:
Fall
1970
to
fall
1999
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
Employment
status
1
Control
Type
Full­
time
Part­
time
Public
Private
4­
year
2­
year
Total
Not­
forprofit
For­
profit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
.....................................
474
369
104
314
160
 
 
382
92
1971
2
...................................
492
379
113
333
159
 
 
387
105
1972
.....................................
500
380
120
343
157
 
 
384
116
1973
2
...................................
527
389
138
365
162
 
 
401
126
1974
2
...................................
567
406
161
397
170
 
 
427
140
1975
2
...................................
628
440
188
443
185
 
 
467
161
1976
.....................................
633
434
199
449
184
 
 
467
166
1977
.....................................
678
448
230
492
186
 
 
485
193
1979
2
...................................
675
445
230
488
187
 
 
494
182
1980
2
...................................
686
450
236
495
191
 
 
494
192
1981
.....................................
705
461
244
509
196
 
 
493
212
1982
2
...................................
710
462
248
506
204
 
 
493
217
1983
.....................................
724
471
254
512
212
 
 
504
220
1984
2
...................................
717
462
255
505
212
 
 
504
213
1985
2
...................................
715
459
256
503
212
 
 
504
211
1986
2
...................................
722
459
263
510
212
 
 
506
216
1987
3
...................................
793
523
270
553
240
 
 
548
246
1989
3
...................................
824
524
300
577
247
 
 
584
241
1991
3
...................................
826
536
291
581
245
 
 
591
235
1993
3
...................................
915
546
370
650
265
254
11
626
290
1995
3
...................................
932
551
381
657
275
261
14
647
285
1997
3,4
................................
990
569
421
695
295
271
24
683
307
1999
3,4
................................
1,028
591
437
713
315
285
30
714
314
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
faculty
members
with
the
title
of
professor,
associate
professor,
assistant
professor,
instructor,
lecturer,
assisting
professor,
adjunct
professor,
or
interim
professor
(
or
the
equivalent).
Excluded
are
graduate
students
with
titles
such
as
graduate
or
teaching
fellow
who
assist
senior
faculty.

2
Estimated
on
the
basis
of
enrollment.

3
Because
of
revised
survey
methods,
data
are
not
directly
comparable
with
figures
for
years
prior
to
1987.

4
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
NOTE:
Data
exclude
faculty
employed
by
system
offices.
Data
for
1970
through
1995
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
organization
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
For
methodological
details
on
estimates,
see
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2000.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Employees
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education,
various
years;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2000;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff''
surveys;
and
U.
S.
Equal
Employment
Opportunity
Commission,
Higher
Education
Staff
Information
(
EEO­
6)
Survey,
1977,
1981,
and
1983.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)

Table
229.
 
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
race/
ethnicity,
academic
rank,
and
sex:
Fall
1999
Academic
rank
and
sex
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Minority
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Race/
ethnicity
unknown
Number
Percent
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Men
and
women,
all
ranks
.....
590,937
489,206
82,393
14.4
29,222
16,498
34,112
2,561
7,190
12,148
Professors
............................
161,309
142,852
16,950
10.6
4,784
2,913
8,786
467
774
733
Associate
professors
............
128,826
109,037
17,773
14.0
6,462
3,161
7,752
398
1,121
895
Assistant
professors
.............
134,791
104,674
22,999
18.0
8,431
4,237
9,718
613
3,241
3,877
Instructors
............................
80,089
64,803
13,115
16.8
5,375
3,724
3,407
609
819
1,352
Lecturers
..............................
16,057
12,964
2,302
15.1
883
660
692
67
451
340
Other
faculty
.........................
69,865
54,876
9,254
14.4
3,287
1,803
3,757
407
784
4,951
Men,
all
ranks
......................
371,039
307,814
49,706
13.9
14,660
9,622
23,975
1,449
4,541
8,978
Professors
........................
127,684
113,304
13,105
10.4
3,078
2,157
7,519
351
648
627
Associate
professors
........
83,359
70,137
11,677
14.3
3,601
1,977
5,865
234
846
699
Assistant
professors
.........
74,127
56,463
12,672
18.3
3,882
2,291
6,199
300
1,892
3,100
Instructors
.........................
39,599
32,009
6,339
16.5
2,337
1,939
1,737
326
443
808
Lecturers
...........................
7,465
6,043
1,008
14.3
386
278
310
34
250
164
Other
faculty
.....................
38,805
29,858
4,905
14.1
1,376
980
2,345
204
462
3,580
Women,
all
ranks
.................
219,898
181,392
32,687
15.3
14,562
6,876
10,137
1,112
2,649
3,170
Professors
........................
33,625
29,548
3,845
11.5
1,706
756
1,267
116
126
106
Associate
professors
........
45,467
38,900
6,096
13.5
2,861
1,184
1,887
164
275
196
Assistant
professors
.........
60,664
48,211
10,327
17.6
4,549
1,946
3,519
313
1,349
777
Instructors
.........................
40,490
32,794
6,776
17.1
3,038
1,785
1,670
283
376
544
Lecturers
...........................
8,592
6,921
1,294
15.8
497
382
382
33
201
176
Other
faculty
.....................
31,060
25,018
4,349
14.8
1,911
823
1,412
203
322
1,371
NOTE:
Percents
are
based
on
the
number
of
faculty
members
who
were
U.
S.
citizens
and
who
were
reported
by
race/
ethnicity.
Data
exclude
faculty
employed
by
system
offices
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Staff,
1999''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
272
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
230.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
selected
characteristics
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
Selected
characteristics
Number
in
thousands
1992
Fall
1998
Number
in
thousands
Total
Public
research
Private
research
Public
doctoral
Private
doctoral
Public
comprehensive
Private
comprehensive
Private
liberal
arts
Public
2­
year
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
Total,
(
in
thousands)
1
.......
528
560
560.4
(
4.8)
137.5
(
2.3)
39.0
(
1.7)
58.1
(
1.6)
20.7
(
0.6)
83.0
(
1.9)
37.5
(
1.1)
47.6
(
1.3)
102.5
(
1.7)
34.6
(
1.5)
Percent
1
.............................
 
 
100.0
 
24.5
(
0.4)
7.0
(
0.3)
10.4
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.1)
14.8
(
0.3)
6.7
(
0.2)
8.5
(
0.2)
18.3
(
0.3)
6.2
(
0.3)

Percentage
distribution
Total
1
..............................
 
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Sex
Male
................................
353
357
63.7
(
0.6)
70.5
(
1.0)
73.9
(
2.0)
66.7
(
1.7)
63.6
(
2.9)
61.7
(
1.4)
63.3
(
2.1)
62.2
(
1.9)
50.1
(
1.3)
67.9
(
3.6)
Female
............................
176
203
36.3
(
0.6)
29.5
(
1.0)
26.2
(
2.0)
33.3
(
1.7)
36.4
(
2.9)
38.3
(
1.4)
36.7
(
2.1)
37.9
(
1.9)
49.9
(
1.3)
32.1
(
3.6)

Race
White,
non­
Hispanic
........
457
477
85.1
(
0.5)
84.5
(
0.9)
85.6
(
2.4)
85.8
(
1.4)
81.8
(
2.0)
82.6
(
1.7)
87.8
(
1.8)
88.1
(
2.1)
85.3
(
1.2)
86.4
(
2.6)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
........
27
28
5.1
(
0.4)
3.2
(
0.4)
3.7
(
2.0)
3.9
(
0.7)
4.4
(
1.2)
7.4
(
1.3)
4.5
(
1.3)
6.4
(
1.6)
6.0
(
0.7)
7.1
(
2.2)
Hispanic
..........................
14
19
3.3
(
0.2)
3.4
(
0.5)
3.5
(
0.9)
3.0
(
0.8)
3.9
(
0.9)
3.6
(
0.6)
2.7
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.5)
4.6
(
0.8)
1.3
(
0.4)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
.....
28
33
5.8
(
0.3)
8.5
(
0.8)
7.0
(
0.9)
6.0
(
0.6)
9.2
(
1.3)
5.9
(
0.6)
3.7
(
0.7)
2.9
(
0.5)
3.4
(
0.6)
4.6
(
1.3)
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
...........................
3
4
0.7
(
0.1)
0.5
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.2)
1.2
(
0.4)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.2)
0.6
(
0.3)

Age
29
or
younger
.................
8
9
1.6
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.3)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.3
(
0.7)
1.4
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.9)
1.7
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.3)
4.3
(
2.4)
30
to
34
..........................
35
32
5.8
(
0.3)
6.3
(
0.6)
7.3
(
1.6)
5.6
(
0.8)
7.5
(
1.1)
4.8
(
0.7)
6.3
(
1.0)
7.0
(
1.2)
5.2
(
0.6)
2.9
(
0.8)
35
to
39
..........................
67
60
10.7
(
0.4)
10.8
(
0.8)
15.3
(
3.0)
13.1
(
1.4)
10.8
(
1.5)
9.2
(
0.8)
9.8
(
1.3)
11.6
(
1.5)
9.1
(
0.8)
9.6
(
2.0)
40
to
44
..........................
90
82
14.6
(
0.5)
16.6
(
1.0)
13.0
(
2.1)
15.4
(
1.7)
18.8
(
3.1)
12.6
(
0.9)
12.2
(
1.2)
18.0
(
1.8)
12.8
(
0.9)
13.3
(
1.8)
45
to
49
..........................
98
97
17.3
(
0.5)
17.3
(
0.8)
14.0
(
1.8)
16.7
(
1.4)
20.1
(
3.0)
15.9
(
1.2)
17.2
(
1.5)
17.2
(
1.3)
18.4
(
1.1)
20.2
(
2.6)
50
to
54
..........................
95
105
18.7
(
0.5)
17.3
(
1.0)
18.3
(
1.5)
17.2
(
1.3)
16.3
(
2.4)
18.2
(
1.1)
20.2
(
2.3)
15.8
(
1.8)
22.8
(
1.1)
20.0
(
2.7)
55
to
59
..........................
67
90
16.1
(
0.5)
15.5
(
1.0)
16.1
(
2.7)
14.8
(
1.4)
12.1
(
1.7)
18.2
(
1.6)
17.7
(
2.2)
13.8
(
1.6)
18.4
(
1.0)
12.8
(
1.3)
60
to
64
..........................
45
55
9.8
(
0.4)
8.7
(
0.7)
7.9
(
1.4)
9.5
(
1.2)
8.8
(
1.5)
13.1
(
1.3)
10.9
(
1.3)
10.3
(
1.4)
8.7
(
0.8)
10.9
(
1.8)
65
or
older
......................
24
31
5.5
(
0.3)
6.1
(
0.7)
7.5
(
1.3)
6.4
(
1.3)
4.2
(
0.9)
6.7
(
0.9)
4.1
(
0.9)
4.6
(
0.9)
3.2
(
0.5)
6.0
(
2.1)

Highest
degree
Less
than
bachelor's
.......
6
7
1.2
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.3
(
0.2)
5.6
(
0.7)
0.7
(
0.3)
Bachelor's
.......................
21
23
4.0
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.4)
1.6
(
0.8)
1.4
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.6)
12.7
(
1.1)
5.3
(
1.3)
Master's
..........................
156
156
27.8
(
0.7)
13.3
(
1.1)
6.6
(
1.1)
15.3
(
1.5)
11.0
(
1.5)
25.1
(
1.3)
30.4
(
2.7)
34.4
(
2.9)
61.7
(
1.6)
34.6
(
4.0)
First
professional
............
58
52
9.2
(
0.6)
12.1
(
1.2)
22.7
(
3.4)
18.9
(
2.7)
25.2
(
4.5)
2.3
(
0.6)
5.1
(
1.0)
2.6
(
0.7)
1.9
(
0.4)
9.0
(
2.8)
Doctoral
...........................
284
324
57.7
(
0.8)
72.7
(
1.6)
69.1
(
3.4)
64.2
(
2.6)
62.1
(
4.2)
70.3
(
1.4)
62.1
(
2.7)
60.7
(
2.8)
18.2
(
1.2)
50.3
(
4.3)

Academic
rank
Full
professor
..................
161
172
30.7
(
0.7)
36.1
(
1.5)
41.9
(
2.7)
29.9
(
2.1)
27.6
(
2.4)
33.0
(
1.8)
31.4
(
2.5)
24.9
(
2.0)
21.7
(
1.5)
28.4
(
3.4)
Associate
professor
........
124
132
23.6
(
0.6)
27.2
(
1.3)
24.0
(
3.2)
27.6
(
1.8)
28.2
(
2.6)
26.3
(
1.6)
26.6
(
1.9)
26.3
(
2.3)
12.1
(
1.1)
19.3
(
2.3)
Assistant
professor
.........
124
125
22.3
(
0.6)
21.9
(
0.9)
22.5
(
2.5)
28.3
(
1.9)
26.3
(
2.1)
25.6
(
1.4)
25.6
(
1.9)
30.4
(
2.2)
10.8
(
1.1)
23.0
(
3.2)
Instructor
.........................
74
75
13.4
(
0.6)
5.4
(
0.8)
4.1
(
1.2)
7.2
(
1.1)
11.7
(
2.4)
7.9
(
1.0)
9.3
(
1.5)
10.5
(
1.6)
38.9
(
2.1)
12.7
(
2.2)
Lecturer
...........................
12
14
2.5
(
0.3)
3.5
(
0.7)
3.9
(
0.9)
2.6
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.6)
4.1
(
0.7)
1.7
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.2)
3.1
(
2.4)
Other
...............................
17
26
4.7
(
0.3)
5.6
(
0.8)
3.6
(
0.9)
3.7
(
0.6)
4.0
(
0.8)
2.8
(
0.4)
4.4
(
1.3)
4.9
(
1.2)
6.5
(
0.6)
3.8
(
0.9)
No
rank
...........................
17
16
2.8
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.6
(
0.2)
1.1
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.2)
1.2
(
0.4)
2.2
(
1.9)
9.5
(
0.9)
9.7
(
3.8)

Base
salary
Under
$
10,000
................
14
10
1.7
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.3)
2.2
(
1.1)
1.8
(
0.8)
1.8
(
0.4)
2.9
(
1.0)
2.3
(
0.5)
1.9
(
0.3)
2.7
(
0.7)
$
10,000
to
24,999
..........
29
19
3.4
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.6)
3.6
(
0.9)
3.1
(
0.7)
1.8
(
0.6)
3.3
(
0.6)
4.4
(
1.1)
5.0
(
1.0)
2.9
(
0.5)
2.8
(
0.9)
$
25,000
to
39,999
..........
182
124
22.1
(
0.8)
11.3
(
1.0)
5.5
(
1.2)
16.6
(
1.7)
11.3
(
1.7)
23.5
(
1.8)
23.0
(
2.2)
37.9
(
3.1)
35.0
(
1.8)
34.9
(
4.2)
$
40,000
to
54,999
..........
164
171
30.5
(
0.7)
24.2
(
1.2)
20.2
(
2.8)
24.8
(
1.7)
26.3
(
2.3)
36.5
(
1.8)
34.6
(
2.3)
35.5
(
2.5)
36.4
(
1.4)
36.6
(
3.5)
$
55,000
to
69,999
..........
77
106
19.0
(
0.6)
21.6
(
1.1)
17.4
(
2.4)
20.1
(
1.7)
20.7
(
2.8)
21.9
(
1.4)
21.3
(
2.0)
11.6
(
1.6)
17.1
(
1.2)
12.8
(
2.5)
$
70,000
to
84,999
..........
32
58
10.3
(
0.5)
15.9
(
1.0)
14.6
(
2.2)
13.2
(
1.4)
13.4
(
2.4)
9.2
(
0.9)
7.3
(
1.5)
5.2
(
1.0)
5.5
(
0.8)
3.8
(
1.1)
$
85,000
to
99,999
..........
11
28
5.0
(
0.3)
9.0
(
0.7)
10.1
(
1.5)
6.8
(
1.0)
6.3
(
1.3)
2.6
(
0.6)
3.9
(
1.7)
1.6
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.3)
4.0
(
2.3)
$
100,000
or
more
...........
20
44
7.9
(
0.6)
13.5
(
1.2)
27.7
(
3.4)
13.3
(
2.3)
18.4
(
3.5)
1.2
(
0.4)
2.5
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
2.5
(
1.1)
273
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
230.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
selected
characteristics
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
 
Continued
Selected
characteristics
Number
in
thousands
1992
Fall
1998
Number
in
thousands
Total
Public
research
Private
research
Public
doctoral
Private
doctoral
Public
comprehensive
Private
comprehensive
Private
liberal
arts
Public
2­
year
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Part­
time
instructional
faculty
Total,
(
in
thousands)
1
.......
377
416
416.0
(
5.9)
35.8
(
1.5)
14.8
(
1.5)
25.5
(
1.6)
18.0
(
0.5)
48.4
(
2.1)
36.7
(
1.4)
33.0
(
2.1)
170.1
(
3.9)
33.8
(
1.5)
Percent
1
.............................
 
 
100.0
 
8.6
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.4)
6.1
(
0.4)
4.3
(
0.1)
11.6
(
0.5)
8.8
(
0.3)
7.9
(
0.5)
40.9
(
0.9)
8.1
(
0.4)

Percentage
distribution
Total
1
..............................
 
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Sex
Male
................................
209
217
52.2
(
1.1)
55.2
(
3.5)
60.3
(
4.6)
49.6
(
5.6)
58.6
(
3.5)
46.5
(
3.0)
59.1
(
3.2)
44.0
(
4.3)
51.8
(
1.6)
54.3
(
3.8)
Female
............................
168
199
47.9
(
1.1)
44.8
(
3.5)
39.8
(
4.6)
50.4
(
5.6)
41.4
(
3.5)
53.5
(
3.0)
40.9
(
3.2)
56.1
(
4.3)
48.2
(
1.6)
45.8
(
3.8)

Race
White,
non­
Hispanic
........
333
364
87.6
(
0.7)
87.1
(
2.1)
89.9
(
3.6)
87.9
(
2.3)
86.8
(
2.5)
85.5
(
2.8)
93.1
(
1.1)
86.7
(
2.4)
86.6
(
1.2)
90.3
(
1.9)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
........
18
19
4.5
(
0.4)
2.9
(
1.1)
3.3
(
1.7)
3.6
(
1.3)
3.4
(
0.8)
4.1
(
0.8)
2.7
(
0.8)
6.9
(
1.9)
5.3
(
0.7)
4.6
(
1.2)
Hispanic
..........................
11
16
3.7
(
0.4)
3.5
(
0.9)
4.3
(
2.1)
3.1
(
1.2)
2.3
(
0.7)
3.8
(
1.0)
2.0
(
0.6)
3.1
(
1.1)
4.8
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.7)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
.....
12
13
3.2
(
0.4)
4.6
(
1.2)
2.5
(
1.0)
3.1
(
0.9)
7.1
(
2.3)
5.5
(
2.5)
1.7
(
0.5)
3.2
(
1.4)
2.3
(
0.4)
2.9
(
1.1)
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
...........................
2
4
1.0
(
0.2)
1.9
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
2.3
(
1.5)
0.4
(
0.4)
1.2
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
1.0
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)

Age
29
or
younger
.................
20
15
3.6
(
0.4)
6.2
(
1.5)
1.3
(
0.6)
2.2
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.6)
4.3
(
1.0)
4.5
(
1.7)
3.9
(
1.7)
3.7
(
0.6)
2.1
(
0.8)
30
to
34
..........................
36
37
8.9
(
0.7)
9.6
(
2.2)
6.5
(
2.4)
8.3
(
2.0)
6.2
(
1.3)
8.1
(
1.5)
12.1
(
2.9)
11.8
(
4.2)
8.4
(
0.9)
8.5
(
1.8)
35
to
39
..........................
59
47
11.4
(
0.7)
12.7
(
2.6)
11.7
(
3.3)
14.0
(
4.5)
15.2
(
2.2)
7.9
(
1.3)
9.2
(
1.4)
11.2
(
1.9)
12.1
(
1.1)
9.5
(
2.1)
40
to
44
..........................
70
60
14.5
(
0.8)
14.3
(
1.9)
11.8
(
4.1)
17.3
(
3.6)
14.9
(
2.4)
15.1
(
2.9)
14.4
(
2.1)
15.4
(
3.0)
13.8
(
1.1)
15.8
(
2.6)
45
to
49
..........................
68
72
17.3
(
0.8)
10.8
(
1.5)
14.3
(
3.7)
19.5
(
3.5)
19.5
(
2.6)
17.2
(
2.5)
13.7
(
2.0)
13.8
(
2.2)
19.8
(
1.4)
17.9
(
2.2)
50
to
54
..........................
45
70
16.8
(
0.8)
13.1
(
2.1)
10.7
(
3.5)
16.2
(
2.3)
13.4
(
2.7)
17.7
(
2.3)
16.8
(
2.0)
16.9
(
3.5)
17.5
(
1.2)
20.6
(
2.7)
55
to
59
..........................
29
47
11.3
(
0.6)
16.4
(
2.7)
12.9
(
4.5)
6.1
(
1.7)
10.1
(
1.6)
12.0
(
2.0)
10.6
(
1.8)
9.0
(
1.7)
11.8
(
1.1)
9.6
(
1.3)
60
to
64
..........................
23
29
6.9
(
0.5)
5.4
(
1.4)
10.8
(
3.3)
6.5
(
1.7)
6.6
(
1.6)
8.0
(
1.3)
8.0
(
1.7)
8.0
(
2.5)
6.4
(
0.7)
6.2
(
2.1)
65
or
older
......................
27
38
9.2
(
0.6)
11.5
(
1.8)
20.1
(
5.9)
9.8
(
1.8)
13.1
(
2.6)
9.7
(
1.8)
10.6
(
2.5)
10.1
(
1.9)
6.5
(
0.7)
9.9
(
1.8)

Highest
degree
Less
than
bachelor's
.......
17
20
4.9
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
0.6
(
0.6)
0.6
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
1.3
(
0.6)
10.8
(
1.2)
1.3
(
0.6)
Bachelor's
.......................
63
59
14.1
(
0.7)
8.4
(
1.9)
10.7
(
3.9)
5.4
(
1.5)
9.3
(
4.5)
10.8
(
1.5)
8.1
(
1.5)
13.6
(
3.5)
19.8
(
1.3)
14.5
(
2.6)
Master's
..........................
190
225
54.1
(
1.2)
43.4
(
3.5)
29.8
(
6.5)
40.0
(
6.8)
41.1
(
3.0)
60.0
(
2.7)
62.7
(
2.9)
57.3
(
4.3)
58.6
(
1.8)
50.2
(
4.4)
First
professional
............
40
36
8.7
(
0.8)
15.2
(
2.4)
17.2
(
4.2)
30.3
(
7.9)
19.3
(
4.0)
6.8
(
1.5)
6.5
(
1.2)
4.6
(
0.8)
2.7
(
0.4)
15.2
(
4.4)
Doctoral
...........................
59
76
18.2
(
0.8)
32.5
(
2.8)
42.3
(
5.2)
23.7
(
3.3)
29.6
(
3.5)
21.5
(
2.4)
22.2
(
2.7)
23.1
(
3.1)
8.2
(
0.9)
18.8
(
3.2)

Academic
rank
Full
professor
..................
32
30
7.3
(
0.7)
11.8
(
1.9)
21.2
(
6.1)
7.8
(
1.7)
12.5
(
2.8)
6.2
(
1.7)
7.3
(
1.9)
4.4
(
1.0)
4.9
(
1.2)
9.5
(
2.7)
Associate
professor
........
23
19
4.7
(
0.5)
10.4
(
2.6)
8.1
(
3.4)
10.4
(
2.0)
9.4
(
2.9)
4.4
(
1.3)
6.5
(
1.7)
3.7
(
1.2)
1.7
(
0.4)
4.3
(
1.5)
Assistant
professor
.........
24
23
5.6
(
0.6)
8.7
(
1.7)
15.3
(
5.2)
17.4
(
5.7)
8.6
(
2.3)
3.8
(
0.9)
10.3
(
2.0)
5.3
(
1.3)
1.4
(
0.3)
6.1
(
1.8)
Instructor
.........................
215
205
49.4
(
1.2)
29.5
(
3.1)
12.2
(
3.1)
36.4
(
5.0)
31.2
(
5.7)
36.5
(
2.8)
37.7
(
3.6)
46.2
(
4.3)
68.4
(
1.7)
44.7
(
3.9)
Lecturer
...........................
45
46
11.1
(
0.8)
23.1
(
3.3)
26.3
(
8.9)
11.9
(
3.6)
11.2
(
3.1)
21.6
(
3.2)
9.5
(
1.9)
18.4
(
3.8)
4.2
(
0.7)
6.0
(
2.1)
Other
...............................
28
75
18.1
(
0.8)
15.8
(
2.6)
16.4
(
4.4)
15.3
(
2.7)
24.6
(
3.9)
24.2
(
2.5)
25.1
(
2.6)
18.0
(
2.7)
14.4
(
1.2)
21.9
(
2.6)
No
rank
...........................
9
16
4.0
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.5)
2.6
(
1.5)
3.2
(
1.3)
3.6
(
1.4)
4.0
(
1.5)
5.1
(
0.6)
7.6
(
2.0)

Base
salary
Under
$
10,000
................
281
256
61.6
(
1.1)
50.0
(
3.5)
44.5
(
5.6)
56.9
(
4.7)
54.2
(
3.6)
70.5
(
2.6)
62.0
(
3.2)
63.1
(
4.4)
64.0
(
1.8)
61.9
(
4.0)
$
10,000
to
24,999
..........
68
112
27.0
(
1.0)
31.2
(
3.7)
33.0
(
6.3)
20.5
(
3.7)
30.0
(
3.3)
20.1
(
1.9)
29.0
(
3.1)
22.5
(
2.9)
28.0
(
1.5)
30.3
(
3.7)
$
25,000
to
39,999
..........
16
26
6.3
(
0.6)
10.7
(
1.8)
10.0
(
3.8)
8.8
(
2.6)
11.9
(
3.4)
6.2
(
1.4)
4.0
(
1.0)
5.7
(
1.9)
5.3
(
1.1)
4.0
(
1.1)
$
40,000
to
54,999
..........
5
12
2.8
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.5)
5.5
(
3.0)
6.6
(
2.1)
1.1
(
0.7)
1.8
(
0.5)
3.0
(
0.9)
7.8
(
4.0)
1.8
(
0.4)
2.7
(
1.2)
$
55,000
to
69,999
..........
2
4
1.0
(
0.2)
2.8
(
1.2)
3.8
(
2.6)
1.3
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.3)
$
70,000
to
84,999
..........
1
2
0.6
(
0.1)
1.5
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.4)
2.5
(
1.2)
1.0
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.3)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.5
(
0.3)
$
85,000
to
99,999
..........
1
(
3)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.4
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.7)
1.6
(
0.8)
0.3
(
0.3)
(
2)
(
2)
0.4
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
$
100,000
or
more
...........
3
(
3)
0.4
(
0.1)
1.7
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.9)
1.8
(
0.9)
0.7
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.2)

 
Not
applicable.

1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
or
missing
data.

2
Less
than
0.05
percent.

3
Fewer
than
500.
NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1993
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
274
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
231.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control,
academic
rank,
age,
salary,
race/
ethnicity,
and
sex:
Fall
1998
Selected
characteristics
Number,
in
thousands
Percent
1
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Number,
in
thousands
1
...................
560
(
4.8)
 
305
(
4.9)
172
(
3.1)
15
(
1.0)
14
(
1.0)
11
(
1.0)
7
(
0.7)
23
(
1.3)
10
(
0.9)
3
(
0.5)
1
(
0.2)
Percentage
distribution
..
 
 
100.0
54.5
(
0.6)
30.6
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.2)
2.5
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.1)
4.0
(
0.2)
1.8
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.0)

Type
and
control
Public
research
.....................
138
(
2.3)
100.0
60.7
(
1.2)
23.8
(
1.0)
1.4
(
0.2)
1.8
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.4)
6.2
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
Private
research
....................
39
(
1.7)
100.0
64.1
(
2.4)
21.4
(
2.0)
1.9
(
0.4)
1.7
(
0.5)
2.5
(
0.7)
1.0
(
0.3)
5.2
(
1.0)
1.8
(
0.4)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
Public
doctoral
.......................
58
(
1.6)
100.0
56.7
(
2.0)
29.1
(
1.8)
1.9
(
0.4)
2.0
(
0.4)
2.0
(
0.6)
1.0
(
0.3)
5.2
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.6)
0.3
(
0.1)
Private
doctoral
.....................
21
(
0.6)
100.0
51.5
(
2.8)
30.4
(
2.8)
2.7
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.8)
1.2
(
0.4)
6.4
(
1.2)
2.9
(
0.9)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
Public
comprehensive
...........
83
(
1.9)
100.0
51.1
(
1.6)
31.5
(
1.4)
3.9
(
0.5)
3.5
(
0.8)
2.3
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.3)
4.0
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
Private
comprehensive
..........
38
(
1.1)
100.0
54.5
(
2.2)
33.3
(
2.0)
2.8
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.3)
3.1
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.2)
1.0
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
Private
liberal
arts
.................
48
(
1.3)
100.0
54.7
(
2.1)
33.4
(
1.9)
4.0
(
0.7)
2.4
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.3)
0.5
(
0.2)
Public
2­
year
.........................
102
(
1.7)
100.0
42.9
(
1.3)
42.4
(
1.3)
2.4
(
0.3)
3.6
(
0.4)
2.7
(
0.5)
1.9
(
0.3)
1.3
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
Other
.....................................
35
(
1.5)
100.0
59.5
(
2.9)
26.9
(
2.4)
4.9
(
1.8)
2.2
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.3)
2.4
(
0.6)
2.2
(
0.9)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.5
(
0.3)

Academic
rank
Full
professor
........................
172
(
2.8)
100.0
70.7
(
1.0)
18.4
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.2)
2.1
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.2)
4.1
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.1)
(
2)
(
2)
Associate
professor
...............
132
(
2.4)
100.0
55.7
(
1.3)
29.3
(
1.1)
3.0
(
0.3)
2.4
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.2)
4.8
(
0.5)
1.5
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
Assistant
professor
................
125
(
2.1)
100.0
44.1
(
1.3)
36.1
(
1.2)
3.4
(
0.5)
4.0
(
0.6)
1.9
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.3)
5.3
(
0.5)
2.7
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.4
(
0.1)
Instructor
or
lecturer
..............
89
(
2.1)
100.0
40.1
(
1.7)
44.2
(
1.6)
2.3
(
0.3)
2.9
(
0.4)
2.5
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.4)
2.1
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.1)
Other
.....................................
26
(
0.7)
100.0
42.1
(
2.5)
41.2
(
2.4)
2.2
(
0.6)
3.7
(
0.7)
3.3
(
1.3)
1.7
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
No
rank
..................................
16
(
0.6)
100.0
52.7
(
3.2)
36.5
(
3.1)
2.0
(
0.9)
2.8
(
1.2)
0.9
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.7)
0.6
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.7)

Age
Under
35
...............................
41
(
1.4)
100.0
43.6
(
2.4)
38.3
(
2.2)
1.6
(
0.4)
3.1
(
0.8)
3.5
(
1.1)
1.8
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.6)
3.8
(
0.8)
0.4
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.2)
35
to
44
.................................
142
(
2.6)
100.0
47.3
(
1.3)
33.1
(
1.2)
2.5
(
0.3)
2.6
(
0.4)
2.8
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.3)
6.5
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
45
to
54
.................................
202
(
2.7)
100.0
50.5
(
1.0)
34.6
(
0.9)
3.1
(
0.4)
2.7
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.3)
3.3
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
55
to
64
.................................
145
(
2.4)
100.0
66.8
(
1.1)
23.2
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
2.5
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
65
to
69
.................................
23
(
1.0)
100.0
70.6
(
2.9)
16.8
(
2.5)
3.0
(
0.8)
0.9
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.1
(
0.5)
5.1
(
1.5)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
70
or
older
.............................
8
(
0.8)
100.0
69.7
(
5.0)
18.7
(
4.0)
1.6
(
0.9)
1.9
(
1.2)
1.1
(
1.1)
1.5
(
0.9)
4.4
(
2.3)
0.7
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.3)

Base
salary
Under
$
10,000
......................
8
(
0.7)
100.0
50.4
(
6.1)
37.0
(
6.4)
3.3
(
1.4)
3.8
(
1.6)
1.1
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.9)
1.4
(
0.9)
1.0
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
0.4
(
0.4)
$
10,000
to
24,999
.................
15
(
0.9)
100.0
40.4
(
4.4)
45.4
(
4.3)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.6)
6.4
(
2.8)
0.8
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.7)
0.3
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
$
25,000
to
39,999
.................
123
(
2.3)
100.0
40.8
(
1.4)
45.0
(
1.3)
2.3
(
0.3)
3.5
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.4)
2.0
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.4
(
0.1)
$
40,000
to
54,999
.................
173
(
2.3)
100.0
50.3
(
1.1)
33.2
(
0.9)
3.7
(
0.4)
3.1
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.3)
3.6
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.3)
0.5
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
$
55,000
to
69,999
.................
108
(
2.2)
100.0
60.1
(
1.4)
24.7
(
1.2)
2.0
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.4)
1.2
(
0.4)
5.0
(
0.6)
2.1
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
$
70,000
to
84,999
.................
60
(
1.5)
100.0
66.9
(
1.7)
18.9
(
1.5)
2.4
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.3)
2.8
(
0.8)
0.5
(
0.2)
5.4
(
0.6)
1.2
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
$
85,000
to
99,999
.................
29
(
1.3)
100.0
70.4
(
2.7)
15.4
(
2.3)
2.0
(
0.6)
0.7
(
0.3)
2.2
(
0.6)
0.6
(
0.3)
7.3
(
1.4)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
$
100,000
or
more
..................
45
(
1.3)
100.0
73.1
(
1.9)
14.4
(
1.6)
1.5
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.5)
0.2
(
0.1)
6.1
(
1.0)
1.5
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)

Total
household
income
Under
$
10,000
......................
1
(
0.1)
100.0
47.5
(
11.9)
40.1
(
11.7)
8.2
(
5.5)
(
2)
(
2)
1.1
(
1.1)
1.1
(
1.1)
2.1
(
2.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
$
10,000
to
24,999
.................
15
(
0.8)
100.0
52.5
(
4.0)
29.0
(
3.3)
1.6
(
0.7)
5.9
(
1.4)
3.8
(
2.1)
0.7
(
0.3)
4.4
(
1.2)
1.4
(
0.6)
0.6
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
$
25,000
to
39,999
.................
31
(
1.2)
100.0
41.2
(
2.9)
42.8
(
2.7)
1.8
(
0.5)
2.9
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.5)
4.3
(
1.2)
1.5
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.3)
$
40,000
to
54,999
.................
59
(
1.6)
100.0
48.0
(
2.0)
34.5
(
1.7)
3.4
(
0.5)
5.0
(
1.1)
1.7
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.4)
3.3
(
0.5)
1.4
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.1)
$
55,000
to
69,999
.................
63
(
1.7)
100.0
54.4
(
1.9)
30.4
(
1.7)
2.6
(
0.4)
2.7
(
0.6)
2.5
(
0.7)
0.7
(
0.2)
4.8
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.3)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.1)
$
70,000
to
84,999
.................
67
(
1.7)
100.0
54.5
(
1.8)
30.0
(
1.5)
3.1
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.5)
1.5
(
0.5)
3.7
(
0.5)
2.0
(
0.6)
0.6
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
$
85,000
to
99,999
.................
57
(
1.5)
100.0
62.5
(
1.7)
25.6
(
1.5)
2.7
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.2)
2.7
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.1)
$
100,000
or
more
..................
266
(
3.2)
100.0
55.9
(
0.9)
29.6
(
0.8)
2.4
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.3)
1.3
(
0.2)
4.3
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.3)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.1)
275
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
231.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control,
academic
rank,
age,
salary,
race/
ethnicity,
and
sex:
Fall
1998
 
Continued
Selected
characteristics
Number,
in
thousands
Percent
1
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Number,
in
thousands
1
...............
416
(
5.9)
 
191
(
5.2)
173
(
4.8)
10
(
1.1)
9
(
0.9)
9
(
1.2)
7
(
0.8)
6
(
0.8)
7
(
1.5)
1
(
0.3)
3
(
0.8)
Percentage
distribution
 
 
100.0
45.9
(
1.0)
41.7
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.2
(
0.2)
2.1
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.2)
1.5
(
0.2)
1.7
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.1)
0.6
(
0.2)

Type
and
control
Public
research
.................
36
(
1.5)
100.0
48.3
(
3.2)
38.8
(
3.1)
1.7
(
0.8)
1.2
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.7)
1.4
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.7)
0.6
(
0.3)
1.4
(
1.2)
Private
research
................
15
(
1.5)
100.0
54.9
(
6.2)
35.0
(
5.6)
0.8
(
0.6)
2.6
(
1.7)
2.9
(
1.5)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.8)
0.7
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Public
doctoral
...................
26
(
1.6)
100.0
44.8
(
4.5)
43.1
(
4.2)
2.6
(
1.1)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.4)
2.2
(
1.0)
1.4
(
0.8)
1.6
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
2.3
(
1.6)
Private
doctoral
.................
18
(
0.5)
100.0
50.6
(
3.5)
36.2
(
3.2)
2.5
(
0.8)
0.9
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.0
(
0.5)
4.2
(
2.0)
2.8
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
0.4
(
0.4)
Public
comprehensive
.......
48
(
2.1)
100.0
40.9
(
2.8)
44.6
(
2.9)
1.9
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.8)
1.7
(
0.5)
1.4
(
0.4)
4.1
(
2.6)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.6)
Private
comprehensive
......
37
(
1.4)
100.0
54.7
(
3.2)
38.3
(
3.1)
2.0
(
0.8)
0.7
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.2)
Private
liberal
arts
.............
33
(
2.1)
100.0
37.7
(
3.7)
49.0
(
4.2)
3.9
(
1.8)
2.9
(
0.9)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.8
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.4)
2.3
(
1.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
Public
2­
year
.....................
170
(
3.9)
100.0
44.7
(
1.6)
41.9
(
1.6)
2.5
(
0.4)
2.8
(
0.4)
2.9
(
0.6)
1.9
(
0.4)
1.1
(
0.2)
1.1
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.3)
Other
.................................
34
(
1.5)
100.0
49.7
(
3.4)
40.6
(
3.4)
2.3
(
0.8)
2.3
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.6)
1.9
(
1.1)
1.0
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.2)

Academic
rank
Full
professor
....................
30
(
2.3)
100.0
68.0
(
3.9)
21.9
(
3.3)
1.9
(
0.8)
1.1
(
0.7)
1.6
(
0.6)
0.8
(
0.4)
4.2
(
1.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.2)
Associate
professor
...........
19
(
1.1)
100.0
65.5
(
4.0)
23.5
(
3.5)
3.3
(
1.4)
1.6
(
0.7)
1.9
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.4)
2.1
(
0.9)
1.2
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.3)
Assistant
professor
............
23
(
1.3)
100.0
46.2
(
4.2)
41.5
(
4.0)
2.4
(
0.9)
2.7
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.6)
1.9
(
1.1)
1.9
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
0.7
(
0.7)
Instructor
or
lecturer
..........
252
(
4.7)
100.0
41.8
(
1.3)
45.6
(
1.3)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.5
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.6)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.3
(
0.2)
Other
.................................
75
(
2.0)
100.0
45.9
(
2.1)
40.1
(
2.1)
2.3
(
0.8)
1.7
(
0.4)
2.5
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.4)
1.6
(
0.5)
1.5
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.2)
1.9
(
0.8)
No
rank
..............................
16
(
1.0)
100.0
44.9
(
4.6)
46.2
(
4.8)
2.0
(
1.2)
1.1
(
0.6)
1.4
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.9)
1.4
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
0.0
(
0.0)

Age
Under
35
...........................
52
(
2.4)
100.0
38.9
(
3.0)
46.3
(
3.2)
1.3
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.6)
3.8
(
1.1)
2.4
(
0.7)
2.5
(
0.6)
0.1
(
0.1)
(
2)
(
2)
35
to
44
.............................
108
(
3.1)
100.0
40.0
(
2.0)
45.0
(
2.0)
2.5
(
0.4)
2.0
(
0.4)
2.5
(
0.7)
1.8
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.4)
3.5
(
1.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
1.1
(
0.5)
45
to
54
.............................
142
(
3.5)
100.0
45.3
(
1.8)
43.9
(
1.7)
2.3
(
0.5)
2.5
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.5)
1.2
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.9
(
0.4)
55
to
64
.............................
76
(
2.3)
100.0
51.6
(
2.3)
37.8
(
2.2)
2.2
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
65
to
69
.............................
22
(
1.0)
100.0
63.8
(
3.6)
24.2
(
2.9)
2.3
(
0.8)
2.1
(
1.0)
3.0
(
1.7)
0.7
(
0.4)
1.9
(
1.6)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.5)
0.6
(
0.4)
70
or
older
.........................
16
(
1.3)
100.0
62.4
(
4.8)
26.5
(
4.1)
6.5
(
3.1)
0.8
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.7)
0.5
(
0.4)
1.6
(
0.9)
0.4
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Base
salary
Under
$
10,000
..................
259
(
4.5)
100.0
45.9
(
1.3)
41.8
(
1.3)
2.4
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.2)
1.8
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.1)
0.6
(
0.3)
$
10,000
to
24,999
.............
111
(
2.9)
100.0
43.8
(
1.9)
44.9
(
1.9)
1.9
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.4)
2.2
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.6)
1.1
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.3
(
0.2)
$
25,000
to
39,999
.............
27
(
2.0)
100.0
49.7
(
4.8)
35.0
(
3.9)
2.0
(
0.7)
1.7
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.3)
2.6
(
0.8)
3.2
(
1.5)
2.9
(
0.9)
0.5
(
0.4)
1.5
(
1.4)
$
40,000
to
54,999
.............
11
(
1.5)
100.0
46.3
(
8.2)
36.8
(
9.6)
8.0
(
3.4)
2.0
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.8)
1.5
(
0.7)
2.1
(
1.3)
1.1
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
1.0
(
0.7)
$
55,000
to
69,999
.............
4
(
0.5)
100.0
69.0
(
7.5)
21.9
(
6.4)
2.5
(
2.0)
1.1
(
0.9)
5.4
(
3.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
$
70,000
to
84,999
.............
2
(
0.2)
100.0
58.9
(
11.2)
23.4
(
9.8)
1.7
(
1.7)
0.9
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
13.2
(
9.1)
2.1
(
2.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
$
85,000
to
99,999
.............
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
100,000
or
more
..............
2
(
0.1)
100.0
60.1
(
11.2)
19.5
(
9.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
15.4
(
8.2)
(
2)
(
2)
2.0
(
2.1)
2.9
(
2.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Total
household
income
Under
$
10,000
..................
7
(
0.6)
100.0
25.2
(
5.0)
43.9
(
6.5)
7.0
(
3.0)
8.7
(
5.0)
1.2
(
0.7)
3.2
(
1.8)
2.3
(
1.8)
7.5
(
5.7)
1.0
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
$
10,000
to
24,999
.............
33
(
1.6)
100.0
45.0
(
3.6)
44.3
(
3.6)
1.8
(
0.7)
2.5
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.4)
1.0
(
0.3)
1.9
(
0.8)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
$
25,000
to
39,999
.............
36
(
1.8)
100.0
52.8
(
3.5)
36.5
(
3.2)
1.2
(
0.4)
3.3
(
1.0)
1.7
(
0.5)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.0
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.4)
0.1
(
0.1)
$
40,000
to
54,999
.............
48
(
1.7)
100.0
40.4
(
2.7)
46.1
(
2.8)
3.7
(
1.2)
2.3
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.4)
1.7
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
1.7
(
1.0)
$
55,000
to
69,999
.............
49
(
2.3)
100.0
43.8
(
3.0)
39.7
(
3.0)
2.9
(
0.8)
1.9
(
0.6)
3.3
(
1.3)
3.2
(
1.1)
1.1
(
0.4)
3.6
(
2.5)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.5
(
0.4)
$
70,000
to
84,999
.............
48
(
1.6)
100.0
46.1
(
2.7)
40.0
(
2.6)
3.7
(
1.4)
3.0
(
0.7)
2.5
(
0.9)
2.3
(
0.5)
1.6
(
0.5)
0.4
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
$
85,000
to
99,999
.............
42
(
1.7)
100.0
47.1
(
3.1)
40.9
(
3.1)
2.5
(
0.7)
2.2
(
0.6)
4.0
(
1.4)
1.3
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.2)
$
100,000
or
more
..............
152
(
3.9)
100.0
47.6
(
1.8)
42.2
(
1.8)
1.5
(
0.3)
1.3
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.4)
1.2
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.4)
1.6
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
0.8
(
0.4)

 
Not
applicable.
1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
2
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1999
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
276
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
232.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
faculty
characteristics
and
field:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
Faculty
characteristics
Number
in
thousands
1992
Fall
1998
Number
in
thousands
All
fields
Agriculture
and
home
economics
Business
Education
Engineering
Fine
arts
Health
Humanities
Natural
sciences
Social
sciences
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Full­
time,
in
thousands
1
.........
528
560
560.4
(
4.8)
10.5
(
0.4)
38.7
(
1.1)
39.9
(
1.4)
25.0
(
0.9)
33.3
(
1.4)
83.8
(
2.0)
80.8
(
1.8)
111.3
(
2.1)
58.4
(
1.3)
78.7
(
2.1)
Percent
1
......................
 
 
100.0
 
1.9
(
0.1)
6.9
(
0.3)
7.1
(
0.3)
4.5
(
0.3)
5.9
(
0.3)
15.0
(
0.4)
14.4
(
0.4)
19.9
(
0.5)
10.4
(
0.4)
14.0
(
0.5)

Percentage
distribution
of
full­
time
faculty
Total
1
.......................
528
560
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Sex
Male
.........................
353
357
63.7
(
0.6)
80.5
(
2.9)
65.0
(
2.1)
42.5
(
2.4)
90.8
(
1.8)
68.5
(
2.2)
49.8
(
1.9)
55.9
(
1.6)
75.1
(
1.1)
67.6
(
1.6)
66.8
(
1.7)
Female
.....................
176
203
36.3
(
0.6)
19.5
(
2.9)
35.1
(
2.1)
57.5
(
2.4)
9.2
(
1.8)
31.5
(
2.2)
50.2
(
1.9)
44.1
(
1.6)
24.9
(
1.1)
32.4
(
1.6)
33.2
(
1.7)

Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
457
477
85.1
(
0.5)
90.7
(
1.9)
86.7
(
1.4)
83.8
(
1.7)
77.0
(
2.3)
89.3
(
1.4)
85.5
(
1.1)
83.9
(
1.4)
85.5
(
1.0)
84.0
(
1.3)
87.3
(
1.2)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
27
28
5.1
(
0.4)
4.1
(
1.3)
5.3
(
0.9)
8.6
(
1.5)
2.4
(
0.5)
6.7
(
1.2)
4.4
(
0.6)
4.5
(
0.8)
3.1
(
0.5)
6.7
(
0.8)
6.2
(
0.8)
Hispanic
...................
14
19
3.3
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.4)
3.3
(
0.6)
3.9
(
1.4)
1.1
(
0.3)
3.3
(
0.5)
6.5
(
0.9)
2.9
(
0.5)
3.0
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.6)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
28
33
5.8
(
0.3)
2.9
(
0.9)
5.2
(
0.8)
3.6
(
0.9)
16.1
(
2.1)
2.3
(
0.6)
6.1
(
0.7)
4.7
(
1.0)
8.2
(
0.6)
5.1
(
0.8)
2.9
(
0.6)
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
......
3
4
0.7
(
0.1)
1.0
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.1)
1.3
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.3)

Age
Under
30
..................
8
9
1.6
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.8)
1.8
(
1.2)
2.5
(
1.8)
1.6
(
1.2)
1.3
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.2)
1.1
(
0.2)
1.1
(
0.3)
3.2
(
0.7)
30
to
34
....................
35
32
5.8
(
0.3)
7.9
(
3.0)
4.3
(
0.7)
3.2
(
0.7)
8.6
(
1.7)
3.9
(
0.8)
4.4
(
0.6)
7.3
(
1.0)
6.5
(
0.7)
7.1
(
0.9)
5.3
(
0.7)
35
to
39
....................
67
60
10.7
(
0.4)
5.2
(
1.6)
10.8
(
1.4)
7.1
(
0.9)
10.6
(
1.4)
10.1
(
1.6)
13.9
(
1.6)
10.1
(
0.9)
12.8
(
1.0)
10.3
(
1.2)
8.0
(
0.9)
40
to
44
....................
90
82
14.6
(
0.5)
10.6
(
2.1)
13.6
(
1.7)
9.8
(
1.3)
17.5
(
2.6)
16.3
(
2.1)
18.4
(
1.4)
10.7
(
0.9)
15.2
(
1.0)
14.4
(
1.3)
15.5
(
1.3)
45
to
49
....................
98
97
17.3
(
0.5)
17.9
(
2.7)
16.5
(
1.4)
21.4
(
2.1)
17.2
(
2.3)
16.3
(
1.7)
20.4
(
1.4)
16.7
(
1.3)
14.0
(
0.8)
15.8
(
1.3)
18.6
(
1.3)
50
to
54
....................
95
105
18.7
(
0.5)
21.8
(
3.1)
22.7
(
1.9)
20.7
(
1.9)
13.5
(
1.6)
23.4
(
2.7)
17.8
(
1.2)
16.2
(
1.2)
19.1
(
1.2)
17.5
(
1.3)
18.8
(
1.4)
55
to
59
....................
67
90
16.1
(
0.5)
21.9
(
3.3)
17.4
(
1.7)
18.3
(
2.0)
14.3
(
1.8)
14.0
(
2.2)
12.8
(
1.0)
19.4
(
1.3)
14.3
(
0.9)
18.2
(
1.5)
16.4
(
1.7)
60
to
64
....................
45
55
9.8
(
0.4)
8.5
(
1.7)
9.3
(
1.3)
11.8
(
1.6)
11.1
(
2.0)
11.0
(
1.6)
7.1
(
0.7)
11.2
(
1.1)
10.0
(
0.8)
11.3
(
1.2)
8.7
(
0.9)
65
or
older
...............
24
31
5.5
(
0.3)
4.9
(
1.5)
3.7
(
0.7)
5.1
(
1.4)
5.7
(
1.0)
3.8
(
0.8)
3.9
(
0.5)
7.7
(
1.0)
7.0
(
0.9)
4.3
(
0.8)
5.6
(
1.0)

Degree
Less
than
bachelor's
6
7
1.2
(
0.1)
1.1
(
0.7)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.2)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.4
(
0.5)
1.7
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.4
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
4.6
(
0.8)
Bachelor's
................
21
23
4.0
(
0.3)
5.3
(
1.4)
4.6
(
0.9)
1.5
(
0.4)
5.3
(
1.5)
4.8
(
0.9)
5.1
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.3)
9.4
(
1.1)
Master's
...................
156
156
27.8
(
0.7)
19.2
(
3.1)
42.5
(
2.4)
27.2
(
2.3)
16.4
(
2.2)
58.9
(
2.9)
23.0
(
1.6)
30.5
(
1.6)
20.0
(
1.2)
16.0
(
1.4)
34.4
(
1.9)
First
professional
.....
58
52
9.2
(
0.6)
0.8
(
0.5)
3.9
(
0.8)
0.9
(
0.3)
0.5
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.9)
41.1
(
2.1)
2.3
(
0.9)
2.0
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.9)
12.6
(
1.3)
Doctorate
.................
284
324
57.7
(
0.8)
73.7
(
3.7)
48.7
(
2.3)
70.1
(
2.4)
76.3
(
2.7)
33.6
(
2.7)
29.0
(
1.7)
66.3
(
1.7)
74.1
(
1.3)
80.8
(
1.6)
39.1
(
2.1)

Rank
Full
professor
...........
161
172
30.7
(
0.7)
42.9
(
4.4)
23.9
(
1.9)
24.8
(
2.1)
37.3
(
2.8)
29.9
(
2.6)
21.1
(
1.3)
30.9
(
1.6)
38.2
(
1.5)
38.8
(
1.9)
28.8
(
2.0)
Associate
professor
124
132
23.6
(
0.6)
23.2
(
3.2)
26.4
(
2.1)
23.7
(
2.0)
27.9
(
2.6)
25.8
(
2.6)
28.4
(
1.7)
21.5
(
1.3)
23.1
(
1.2)
24.0
(
1.6)
18.0
(
1.3)
Assistant
professor
..
124
125
22.3
(
0.6)
16.5
(
3.4)
19.8
(
1.7)
24.8
(
2.1)
20.4
(
2.3)
21.3
(
2.2)
30.5
(
1.5)
21.3
(
1.4)
20.7
(
1.2)
22.6
(
1.4)
18.6
(
1.3)
Instructor
or
lecturer
74
75
13.4
(
0.6)
8.0
(
2.0)
19.5
(
2.2)
10.9
(
1.5)
8.6
(
2.2)
11.9
(
2.2)
14.9
(
1.2)
15.4
(
1.3)
10.1
(
0.8)
7.0
(
1.1)
20.6
(
1.6)
Lecturer
....................
12
14
2.5
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.9)
3.4
(
0.9)
4.3
(
1.9)
0.9
(
0.4)
2.1
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.2)
5.0
(
0.9)
2.0
(
0.3)
1.1
(
0.3)
3.2
(
0.7)
Other/
no
rank
...........
17
26
4.7
(
0.3)
5.6
(
1.4)
3.8
(
0.7)
8.5
(
1.3)
4.3
(
1.4)
3.3
(
0.7)
3.1
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.5)
4.2
(
0.7)
6.8
(
0.7)
No
rank
....................
17
16
2.8
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.9)
3.3
(
0.8)
2.9
(
0.9)
0.5
(
0.4)
5.8
(
1.5)
1.1
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.7)
2.3
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.5)
4.0
(
0.7)
277
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
232.
 
Full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
faculty
characteristics
and
field:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
 
Continued
Faculty
characteristics
Number
in
thousands
1992
Fall
1998
Number
in
thousands
All
fields
Agriculture
and
home
economics
Business
Education
Engineering
Fine
arts
Health
Humanities
Natural
sciences
Social
sciences
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Part­
time,
in
thousands
1
.........
377
416
416.0
(
5.9)
2.5
(
0.2)
31.6
(
1.8)
33.6
(
1.6)
9.3
(
0.8)
38.1
(
1.5)
48.7
(
2.2)
74.1
(
2.1)
65.5
(
2.2)
41.2
(
2.4)
71.6
(
2.1)
Percent
1
......................
 
 
100.0
 
0.6
(
0.1)
7.6
(
0.6)
8.1
(
0.5)
2.2
(
0.3)
9.2
(
0.5)
11.7
(
0.7)
17.8
(
0.7)
15.7
(
0.7)
9.9
(
0.7)
17.2
(
0.8)

Percentage
distribution
of
part­
time
faculty
Total
1
.......................
377
416
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Sex
Male
.........................
209
217
52.2
(
1.1)
34.5
(
10.1)
61.9
(
4.1)
28.2
(
2.8)
95.8
(
1.6)
48.5
(
3.1)
41.3
(
3.8)
44.3
(
2.2)
62.8
(
2.3)
55.1
(
3.7)
61.8
(
2.8)
Female
.....................
168
199
47.9
(
1.1)
65.5
(
10.1)
38.1
(
4.1)
71.8
(
2.8)
4.2
(
1.6)
51.5
(
3.1)
58.7
(
3.8)
55.7
(
2.2)
37.3
(
2.3)
44.9
(
3.7)
38.2
(
2.8)

Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
333
364
87.6
(
0.7)
88.2
(
7.0)
91.1
(
1.7)
89.2
(
2.1)
75.0
(
6.2)
92.4
(
1.7)
90.2
(
1.5)
86.6
(
1.4)
86.8
(
1.5)
85.2
(
2.3)
86.3
(
2.2)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
18
19
4.5
(
0.4)
1.3
(
1.3)
5.4
(
1.4)
5.1
(
1.4)
4.9
(
2.5)
2.9
(
0.9)
2.8
(
0.7)
2.7
(
0.6)
6.0
(
1.1)
8.1
(
1.7)
4.4
(
0.9)
Hispanic
...................
11
16
3.7
(
0.4)
3.9
(
3.1)
1.4
(
0.4)
3.5
(
1.1)
11.2
(
5.7)
3.1
(
1.3)
1.9
(
0.5)
5.8
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.5)
4.8
(
1.4)
4.1
(
0.8)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
12
13
3.2
(
0.4)
6.6
(
6.3)
2.2
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.3)
8.1
(
2.6)
1.0
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.9)
3.7
(
0.8)
4.3
(
0.8)
1.0
(
0.3)
4.3
(
2.0)
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
......
2
4
1.0
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
1.9
(
1.3)
0.9
(
0.9)
0.7
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.8)
1.3
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.4)
1.0
(
0.7)

Age
Under
30
..................
20
15
3.6
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.6
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
5.3
(
1.7)
2.0
(
0.6)
7.4
(
1.4)
3.8
(
0.9)
3.4
(
0.8)
2.4
(
0.5)
30
to
34
....................
36
37
8.9
(
0.7)
15.9
(
7.6)
9.4
(
4.2)
5.1
(
1.5)
3.7
(
2.4)
8.6
(
1.9)
7.7
(
1.8)
9.7
(
1.3)
7.9
(
1.0)
9.1
(
2.5)
11.6
(
1.8)
35
to
39
....................
59
47
11.4
(
0.7)
25.6
(
8.0)
8.1
(
1.5)
9.3
(
2.1)
13.4
(
4.8)
14.6
(
2.4)
15.5
(
2.9)
7.1
(
1.0)
13.6
(
1.8)
8.8
(
1.7)
12.6
(
1.7)
40
to
44
....................
70
60
14.5
(
0.8)
18.0
(
5.5)
13.7
(
2.2)
8.9
(
2.0)
19.7
(
6.2)
20.4
(
2.7)
17.0
(
2.2)
13.0
(
1.7)
12.8
(
1.7)
14.7
(
2.0)
16.1
(
2.3)
45
to
49
....................
68
72
17.3
(
0.8)
18.4
(
8.1)
15.6
(
2.6)
16.4
(
2.8)
8.0
(
2.5)
16.5
(
1.8)
23.9
(
2.4)
14.5
(
1.4)
14.9
(
1.8)
22.3
(
3.9)
18.0
(
2.0)
50
to
54
....................
45
70
16.8
(
0.8)
16.5
(
6.9)
20.1
(
2.9)
24.1
(
2.8)
14.7
(
3.4)
14.9
(
1.9)
16.4
(
2.4)
15.7
(
1.5)
17.3
(
2.0)
15.4
(
2.6)
15.5
(
1.9)
55
to
59
....................
29
47
11.3
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
2)
13.4
(
2.0)
8.7
(
1.4)
17.2
(
5.2)
8.7
(
1.5)
6.5
(
1.4)
13.1
(
1.6)
15.3
(
2.0)
10.8
(
1.8)
10.4
(
1.4)
60
to
64
....................
23
29
6.9
(
0.5)
3.2
(
3.1)
8.3
(
1.8)
13.3
(
2.8)
6.8
(
2.1)
4.9
(
1.3)
3.0
(
0.8)
7.8
(
1.2)
6.1
(
1.0)
9.3
(
2.4)
5.3
(
1.1)
65
or
older
...............
27
38
9.2
(
0.6)
2.4
(
2.4)
10.2
(
2.3)
12.8
(
1.8)
16.5
(
4.4)
6.1
(
1.2)
8.1
(
1.5)
11.7
(
1.4)
8.4
(
1.5)
6.3
(
1.5)
8.3
(
1.8)

Degree
Less
than
bachelor's
17
20
4.9
(
0.5)
11.6
(
5.4)
3.1
(
1.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
3.7
(
1.7)
3.3
(
0.9)
7.7
(
1.8)
0.2
(
0.1)
4.3
(
1.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
13.4
(
1.8)
Bachelor's
................
63
59
14.1
(
0.7)
20.0
(
8.2)
18.0
(
2.8)
11.9
(
2.9)
19.1
(
4.4)
27.0
(
3.3)
15.1
(
2.1)
7.1
(
1.1)
14.1
(
1.7)
4.1
(
1.3)
17.7
(
1.9)
Master's
...................
190
225
54.1
(
1.2)
54.6
(
8.8)
65.7
(
3.4)
59.7
(
3.5)
32.3
(
6.7)
59.5
(
3.3)
34.8
(
3.7)
69.6
(
2.0)
57.6
(
2.4)
56.3
(
0.4)
39.3
(
2.8)
First
professional
.....
40
36
8.7
(
0.8)
2.7
(
2.7)
3.8
(
1.0)
2.1
(
0.6)
4.2
(
2.3)
1.4
(
0.5)
33.3
(
4.3)
2.9
(
0.7)
2.7
(
0.8)
6.7
(
1.6)
15.2
(
2.0)
Doctorate
.................
59
76
18.2
(
0.8)
11.1
(
4.7)
9.4
(
2.0)
25.8
(
2.9)
40.7
(
7.1)
8.7
(
1.6)
9.0
(
1.6)
20.2
(
1.8)
21.3
(
2.0)
32.8
(
3.3)
14.5
(
2.1)

Rank
Full
professor
...........
32
30
7.3
(
0.7)
5.63
(
3.9)
6.3
(
2.0)
4.3
(
1.0)
16.8
(
4.1)
6.5
(
1.7)
8.1
(
1.9)
6.7
(
1.1)
7.4
(
1.6)
10.0
(
4.0)
7.3
(
1.4)
Associate
professor
23
19
4.7
(
0.5)
3.01
(
3.0)
3.7
(
1.0)
3.5
(
1.0)
9.9
(
4.5)
3.0
(
0.9)
11.3
(
1.9)
2.4
(
0.7)
4.1
(
1.0)
5.5
(
1.7)
3.8
(
1.0)
Assistant
professor
..
24
23
5.6
(
0.6)
2.58
(
2.4)
3.0
(
0.8)
4.5
(
1.0)
2.2
(
1.2)
5.7
(
1.4)
16.8
(
3.7)
3.3
(
0.7)
3.4
(
0.7)
6.2
(
1.1)
4.3
(
0.9)
Instructor
or
lecturer
215
205
49.4
(
1.2)
64.47
(
9.0)
50.6
(
4.2)
43.5
(
3.3)
37.5
(
6.4)
53.4
(
3.1)
46.0
(
3.9)
54.9
(
2.3)
51.0
(
2.5)
43.2
(
3.6)
48.9
(
2.9)
Lecturer
....................
45
46
11.1
(
0.8)
10.23
(
4.4)
11.4
(
2.3)
12.9
(
2.8)
9.3
(
2.8)
14.5
(
2.5)
5.9
(
1.6)
11.9
(
1.5)
10.8
(
1.6)
12.8
(
2.4)
11.3
(
2.6)
Other/
no
rank
...........
28
75
18.1
(
0.8)
11.46
(
5.0)
21.0
(
2.6)
24.8
(
2.8)
18.1
(
4.6)
12.0
(
1.8)
10.8
(
1.5)
17.6
(
1.8)
17.1
(
1.7)
20.2
(
2.4)
21.7
(
2.3)
No
rank
....................
9
16
4.0
(
0.4)
2.62
(
2.6)
4.1
(
1.6)
6.4
(
2.2)
6.2
(
4.2)
5.0
(
1.1)
1.3
(
0.4)
3.3
(
0.7)
6.1
(
1.2)
2.1
(
0.7)
2.7
(
0.6)

 
Not
applicable.
1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
survey
item
nonresponse
and
rounding.
2
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1993
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
278
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
233.
 
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
instruction
activities
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1998
Instruction
activities
All
institutions
Public
research
Private
research
Public
doctoral
Private
doctoral
Public
comprehensive
Private
comprehensive
Private
liberal
arts
Public
2­
year
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Number
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
(
in
thousands)
.............................................................
560
(
4.8)
138
(
2.3)
39
(
1.7)
58
(
1.6)
21
(
0.6)
83
(
1.9)
38
(
1.1)
48
(
1.3)
102
(
1.7)
35
(
1.5)
Percentage
distribution
..................................................
100.0
 
24.5
(
0.4)
7.0
(
0.3)
10.4
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.1)
14.8
(
0.3)
6.7
(
0.2)
8.5
(
0.2)
18.3
(
0.3)
6.2
(
0.3)

Hours
worked
per
week
Average
hours
worked
per
week
......................................
53.3
(
0.2)
55.8
(
0.3)
55.4
(
0.8)
56.0
(
0.6)
53.7
(
0.7)
52.4
(
0.4)
51.7
(
0.7)
53.8
(
0.5)
49.1
(
0.4)
52.6
(
0.8)
Paid
activities
within
institution
....................................
45.9
(
0.2)
49.5
(
0.3)
48.5
(
0.8)
48.5
(
0.8)
45.9
(
0.7)
45.1
(
0.4)
43.5
(
0.6)
46.6
(
0.5)
40.4
(
0.3)
43.8
(
0.6)
Unpaid
activities
within
institution
................................
3.2
(
0.1)
2.2
(
0.2)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.7
(
0.2)
3.0
(
0.3)
3.4
(
0.2)
2.7
(
0.2)
3.5
(
0.3)
4.6
(
0.2)
3.5
(
0.4)
Outside
paid
activities
..................................................
2.6
(
0.1)
2.4
(
0.2)
2.8
(
0.3)
2.8
(
0.5)
3.3
(
0.3)
2.2
(
0.2)
3.6
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.2)
2.7
(
0.2)
3.4
(
0.4)
Unpaid
activities
outside
institution
..............................
1.7
(
0.0)
1.6
(
0.1)
1.7
(
0.2)
1.9
(
0.3)
1.5
(
0.1)
1.8
(
0.1)
1.8
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.1)
1.4
(
0.1)
2.0
(
0.2)

Work
time
distribution
(
percent)
Total
..................................................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Teaching
......................................................................
56.6
(
0.3)
45.9
(
0.7)
41.9
(
1.2)
47.4
(
1.1)
46.1
(
1.6)
63.1
(
0.8)
61.2
(
1.2)
65.4
(
1.1)
71.9
(
0.6)
60.0
(
1.8)
Research/
scholarship
...................................................
15.2
(
0.2)
25.9
(
0.6)
29.1
(
1.2)
19.4
(
0.8)
19.9
(
1.1)
11.0
(
0.4)
8.6
(
0.5)
8.1
(
0.5)
3.8
(
0.2)
7.4
(
0.5)
Professional
growth
.....................................................
4.5
(
0.1)
3.5
(
0.2)
3.4
(
0.3)
3.8
(
0.2)
4.5
(
0.5)
4.5
(
0.2)
4.7
(
0.3)
4.2
(
0.2)
6.3
(
0.2)
5.3
(
0.4)
Administration
..............................................................
13.9
(
0.2)
13.1
(
0.4)
13.7
(
0.7)
15.2
(
0.8)
14.8
(
1.8)
12.8
(
0.6)
16.8
(
1.1)
15.5
(
0.9)
11.5
(
0.4)
18.9
(
1.7)
Outside
consulting
.......................................................
3.3
(
0.1)
3.0
(
0.2)
3.0
(
0.3)
3.1
(
0.3)
4.1
(
0.5)
3.0
(
0.2)
4.9
(
0.7)
3.1
(
0.5)
3.5
(
0.3)
3.8
(
0.4)
Service/
non­
teaching
...................................................
6.5
(
0.2)
8.6
(
0.4)
8.8
(
0.9)
11.1
(
0.9)
10.7
(
1.1)
5.5
(
0.3)
3.9
(
0.3)
3.8
(
0.3)
3.2
(
0.2)
4.5
(
0.4)

Preferred
work
time
distribution
(
percent)
Total
..................................................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Teaching
......................................................................
52.3
(
0.3)
42.3
(
0.6)
38.1
(
1.1)
44.0
(
0.9)
42.4
(
1.4)
57.0
(
0.7)
55.4
(
1.1)
59.7
(
0.8)
68.6
(
0.6)
54.5
(
1.7)
Research/
scholarship
...................................................
21.9
(
0.3)
32.8
(
0.6)
37.1
(
1.2)
27.3
(
0.8)
26.5
(
1.1)
18.8
(
0.5)
15.0
(
0.6)
15.9
(
0.7)
7.3
(
0.3)
16.4
(
1.5)
Professional
growth
.....................................................
7.6
(
0.1)
6.5
(
0.3)
6.2
(
0.4)
6.6
(
0.2)
6.8
(
0.4)
7.7
(
0.3)
8.3
(
0.4)
7.8
(
0.3)
9.3
(
0.3)
8.9
(
0.5)
Administration
..............................................................
8.3
(
0.2)
7.2
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.6)
8.7
(
0.5)
9.8
(
1.4)
7.5
(
0.4)
11.0
(
0.9)
9.5
(
0.7)
7.4
(
0.4)
11.8
(
1.4)
Outside
consulting
.......................................................
3.8
(
0.1)
3.5
(
0.2)
3.3
(
0.7)
3.7
(
0.3)
4.6
(
0.5)
3.8
(
0.3)
5.9
(
0.9)
3.3
(
0.4)
3.8
(
0.3)
3.8
(
0.3)
Service/
non­
teaching
...................................................
6.1
(
0.1)
7.7
(
0.4)
7.5
(
0.7)
9.7
(
0.6)
9.8
(
0.9)
5.2
(
0.3)
4.4
(
0.3)
3.8
(
0.2)
3.6
(
0.2)
4.6
(
0.4)

Distribution
of
hours
taught
per
week
(
percent)
Total
hours
taught
per
week
.............................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
4.0
...............................................................
22.2
(
0.5)
36.3
(
1.2)
42.5
(
2.7)
28.6
(
1.8)
34.0
(
2.8)
11.9
(
1.0)
13.4
(
2.1)
8.2
(
1.0)
9.5
(
0.7)
17.3
(
2.7)
4.0
to
5.9
......................................................................
6.8
(
0.4)
10.7
(
0.8)
13.9
(
3.0)
7.0
(
1.0)
9.4
(
1.4)
4.8
(
0.7)
3.9
(
0.7)
5.1
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.4)
4.4
(
0.9)
6.0
to
7.9
......................................................................
14.4
(
0.4)
21.8
(
1.1)
19.9
(
2.1)
18.6
(
1.5)
15.7
(
1.7)
11.1
(
0.9)
13.0
(
1.5)
12.8
(
1.4)
4.8
(
0.6)
10.7
(
1.9)
8.0
to
9.9
......................................................................
13.9
(
0.4)
11.9
(
0.9)
7.6
(
1.3)
18.2
(
1.8)
17.3
(
1.8)
19.0
(
1.2)
22.2
(
1.8)
20.3
(
1.8)
4.8
(
0.6)
16.3
(
2.5)
10.0
to
14.9
..................................................................
21.4
(
0.5)
11.5
(
0.9)
10.7
(
1.4)
15.7
(
1.5)
11.5
(
1.6)
35.3
(
1.6)
29.8
(
1.9)
34.8
(
2.1)
21.4
(
1.1)
27.6
(
2.3)
15.0
or
more
................................................................
21.4
(
0.5)
7.9
(
0.7)
5.4
(
1.0)
12.0
(
1.2)
12.2
(
1.6)
18.0
(
1.2)
17.7
(
1.6)
18.7
(
1.7)
57.1
(
1.3)
23.6
(
2.7)

Distribution
of
number
of
students
taught
(
percent)
Total
students
taught
........................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
25
................................................................
21.1
(
0.5)
33.1
(
1.2)
37.8
(
2.6)
27.4
(
1.8)
36.3
(
2.8)
10.7
(
0.9)
14.8
(
2.1)
12.0
(
1.3)
9.3
(
0.7)
14.7
(
2.4)
25
to
49
........................................................................
17.0
(
0.5)
19.2
(
1.1)
19.5
(
2.0)
16.4
(
1.3)
15.6
(
1.7)
15.4
(
1.1)
18.6
(
1.6)
22.2
(
1.7)
12.1
(
0.8)
16.6
(
2.4)
50
to
74
........................................................................
17.7
(
0.5)
14.2
(
0.9)
10.3
(
1.5)
16.4
(
1.7)
16.9
(
1.7)
20.8
(
1.5)
24.3
(
1.9)
26.2
(
2.1)
15.8
(
1.0)
23.1
(
2.5)
75
to
99
........................................................................
14.4
(
0.4)
9.1
(
0.8)
8.1
(
1.5)
10.6
(
1.2)
10.8
(
1.4)
17.9
(
1.2)
20.8
(
1.7)
19.1
(
1.7)
18.3
(
1.1)
17.3
(
2.5)
100
to
149
....................................................................
16.9
(
0.4)
10.6
(
0.7)
11.1
(
1.7)
12.4
(
1.2)
9.9
(
1.5)
23.7
(
1.3)
16.0
(
1.4)
14.9
(
1.6)
27.6
(
1.2)
15.6
(
1.8)
150
or
more
.................................................................
12.9
(
0.4)
13.9
(
0.9)
13.2
(
2.8)
16.9
(
1.6)
10.5
(
1.5)
11.5
(
0.9)
5.6
(
1.0)
5.6
(
0.8)
16.9
(
1.0)
12.7
(
1.9)

Distribution
of
student
classroom
contact
hours
per
week
(
percent)
1
Total
contact
hours
...........................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
50
................................................................
17.7
(
0.5)
29.0
(
1.2)
36.2
(
2.6)
23.2
(
1.6)
33.1
(
2.8)
8.2
(
0.8)
9.5
(
1.5)
8.0
(
1.1)
7.0
(
0.7)
10.8
(
1.5)
50
to
99
........................................................................
9.0
(
0.4)
11.9
(
0.8)
12.3
(
1.6)
10.3
(
1.2)
9.2
(
1.3)
6.9
(
0.8)
10.7
(
1.9)
9.2
(
1.0)
4.0
(
0.5)
9.1
(
2.3)
100
to
199
....................................................................
20.1
(
0.5)
20.6
(
1.1)
19.7
(
2.0)
20.8
(
1.6)
20.3
(
1.9)
22.1
(
1.5)
26.4
(
2.0)
26.9
(
1.8)
11.7
(
0.9)
21.9
(
2.3)
200
to
349
....................................................................
26.2
(
0.6)
18.4
(
1.0)
14.5
(
1.9)
21.7
(
1.8)
21.5
(
2.0)
32.4
(
1.5)
34.4
(
2.0)
39.5
(
2.2)
27.8
(
1.2)
33.5
(
3.1)
350
to
499
....................................................................
13.2
(
0.4)
8.6
(
0.7)
5.3
(
0.9)
10.1
(
1.2)
7.3
(
1.2)
18.4
(
1.2)
11.8
(
1.3)
10.5
(
1.3)
24.0
(
1.2)
9.9
(
1.2)
500
or
more
.................................................................
13.7
(
0.5)
11.5
(
0.9)
11.9
(
2.8)
14.0
(
1.5)
8.6
(
1.4)
12.0
(
0.9)
7.1
(
1.2)
5.8
(
0.8)
25.5
(
1.2)
14.9
(
2.0)

Distribution
of
total
classroom
credit
hours
(
percent)
Total
credit
hours
..............................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
4.0
...............................................................
23.7
(
0.6)
35.4
(
1.4)
40.2
(
2.9)
29.1
(
2.0)
31.1
(
3.6)
12.8
(
1.1)
15.1
(
2.5)
12.4
(
1.5)
12.7
(
1.0)
19.7
(
3.2)
4.0
to
5.9
......................................................................
7.0
(
0.3)
9.8
(
0.6)
10.1
(
1.6)
5.9
(
1.0)
9.1
(
1.4)
3.8
(
0.6)
6.5
(
1.4)
6.8
(
1.2)
3.6
(
0.5)
8.7
(
2.9)
6.0
to
7.9
......................................................................
17.1
(
0.5)
24.7
(
1.3)
20.2
(
2.4)
21.2
(
1.7)
20.0
(
1.8)
13.4
(
1.0)
13.1
(
1.5)
13.2
(
1.6)
7.9
(
0.9)
14.2
(
2.1)
8.0
to
9.9
......................................................................
17.1
(
0.6)
12.6
(
0.9)
13.9
(
3.3)
21.2
(
2.1)
19.6
(
1.9)
24.8
(
1.9)
23.6
(
1.9)
18.8
(
1.8)
11.5
(
1.1)
16.7
(
1.9)
10.0
to
14.9
..................................................................
24.7
(
0.6)
12.2
(
0.9)
9.2
(
1.2)
15.1
(
1.5)
10.6
(
1.4)
37.7
(
1.8)
34.8
(
2.0)
41.0
(
2.8)
34.9
(
1.6)
30.5
(
2.9)
15.0
or
more
................................................................
10.4
(
0.4)
5.4
(
0.6)
6.4
(
0.9)
7.6
(
1.0)
9.6
(
1.6)
7.6
(
0.7)
7.0
(
1.2)
7.8
(
1.0)
29.4
(
1.5)
10.3
(
1.5)

Number
of
classes
taught
for
credit
Faculty
with
undergraduate
classes
only
(
percent)
Total
undergraduate
credit
courses
..................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
1
...................................................................................
12.8
(
0.6)
26.9
(
1.7)
27.5
(
4.0)
18.0
(
2.2)
15.1
(
3.3)
8.4
(
1.1)
11.2
(
2.5)
7.6
(
1.2)
6.8
(
0.7)
15.8
(
4.5)
2
...................................................................................
19.5
(
0.6)
37.2
(
2.0)
42.0
(
4.5)
27.8
(
2.8)
30.2
(
3.7)
17.5
(
1.6)
15.6
(
1.7)
18.6
(
1.7)
9.3
(
0.8)
11.1
(
1.7)
3
...................................................................................
22.1
(
0.7)
18.6
(
1.8)
14.9
(
3.6)
29.9
(
2.9)
32.5
(
3.8)
30.7
(
2.2)
31.0
(
2.6)
28.7
(
2.0)
12.7
(
0.9)
18.8
(
2.3)
4
...................................................................................
20.1
(
0.6)
8.8
(
1.2)
5.4
(
1.5)
14.2
(
2.2)
13.6
(
3.2)
28.8
(
1.7)
24.5
(
2.1)
25.3
(
2.3)
19.6
(
1.1)
28.1
(
2.9)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
25.4
(
0.6)
8.6
(
1.0)
10.3
(
2.3)
10.1
(
1.4)
8.6
(
2.2)
14.6
(
1.2)
17.7
(
2.1)
19.8
(
1.7)
51.6
(
1.4)
26.2
(
3.4)

Faculty
with
graduate
classes
only
(
percent)
Total
graduate
credit
courses
...........................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
 
 
100.0
 
1
...................................................................................
41.2
(
1.7)
48.0
(
2.7)
49.5
(
5.8)
33.8
(
3.7)
40.2
(
4.3)
30.4
(
4.6)
29.3
(
6.1)
22.5
(
7.7)
 
 
30.7
(
6.9)
2
...................................................................................
30.1
(
1.7)
27.8
(
2.4)
35.4
(
6.6)
31.4
(
4.2)
32.9
(
3.9)
24.1
(
3.9)
36.7
(
5.6)
45.4
(
12.3)
 
 
23.6
(
4.6)
3
...................................................................................
14.3
(
1.3)
12.5
(
2.1)
6.6
(
1.6)
18.1
(
4.7)
11.0
(
2.6)
23.3
(
4.2)
17.6
(
4.4)
21.3
(
7.8)
 
 
22.3
(
4.6)
4
...................................................................................
5.8
(
0.8)
4.1
(
0.8)
2.5
(
0.9)
4.4
(
1.3)
4.4
(
1.6)
11.2
(
3.0)
14.1
(
4.0)
1.9
(
1.9)
 
 
14.6
(
6.3)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
8.6
(
0.8)
7.7
(
1.1)
6.0
(
1.6)
12.3
(
3.3)
11.4
(
2.6)
11.1
(
2.7)
2.3
(
1.7)
8.9
(
4.8)
 
 
9.0
(
2.6)

Faculty
with
both
undergraduate
and
graduate
classes
(
percent)
Total
undergraduate
and
graduate
courses
.....................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
 
 
100.0
 
2
...................................................................................
35.7
(
1.6)
53.0
(
2.9)
56.2
(
5.9)
35.9
(
4.2)
27.3
(
4.8)
16.8
(
2.2)
18.3
(
4.1)
2.9
(
1.7)
 
 
18.7
(
9.2)
3
...................................................................................
31.0
(
1.5)
26.0
(
2.7)
18.6
(
3.8)
35.6
(
4.1)
42.4
(
5.1)
36.3
(
2.9)
30.0
(
4.6)
50.9
(
9.4)
 
 
24.9
(
9.2)
4
...................................................................................
15.0
(
1.0)
7.7
(
1.3)
5.5
(
2.1)
10.1
(
2.1)
12.7
(
3.7)
26.3
(
2.5)
28.9
(
4.4)
31.4
(
7.4)
 
 
17.4
(
5.8)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
18.3
(
1.2)
13.2
(
1.7)
19.7
(
4.0)
18.4
(
3.1)
17.6
(
4.1)
20.6
(
2.7)
22.8
(
4.7)
14.9
(
4.9)
 
 
38.9
(
10.1)

 
Not
applicable.

1
Distribution
of
student
classroom
contact
hours
per
week
by
percent
are
the
contact
hours
that
faculty
and
instructional
staff
spend
each
week
with
students
during
classroom
instruction
multiplied
by
the
number
of
students
taught.
NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
279
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
234.
 
Part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
instruction
activities
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
Fall
1998
Instruction
activities
All
institutions
Public
research
Private
research
Public
doctoral
Private
doctoral
Public
comprehensive
Private
comprehensive
Private
liberal
arts
Public
2­
year
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Number
of
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
(
in
thousands)
.............................................................
416
(
5.9)
36
(
1.5)
15
(
1.5)
26
(
1.6)
18
(
0.5)
48
(
2.1)
37
(
1.4)
33
(
2.1)
170
(
3.9)
34
(
1.5)
Percentage
distribution
..................................................
100.0
 
8.6
(
0.4)
3.6
(
0.4)
6.1
(
0.4)
4.3
(
0.1)
11.6
(
0.5)
8.8
(
0.3)
7.9
(
0.5)
40.9
(
0.9)
8.1
(
0.4)

Hours
worked
per
week
Average
hours
worked
per
week
......................................
36.9
(
0.5)
39.6
(
1.4)
38.9
(
3.2)
38.9
(
1.9)
39.9
(
1.5)
39.0
(
1.2)
34.5
(
1.3)
37.5
(
1.8)
35.5
(
0.8)
37.0
(
1.5)
Paid
activities
within
institution
....................................
14.2
(
0.2)
18.4
(
0.8)
15.4
(
1.5)
15.5
(
1.2)
12.7
(
0.8)
15.0
(
0.6)
14.1
(
0.7)
15.8
(
0.9)
13.1
(
0.4)
12.7
(
0.6)
Unpaid
activities
within
institution
................................
2.8
(
0.2)
2.8
(
0.4)
3.0
(
0.9)
3.0
(
0.7)
2.5
(
0.3)
3.5
(
1.0)
1.6
(
0.2)
2.6
(
0.4)
3.0
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.3)
Outside
paid
activities
..................................................
18.2
(
0.4)
16.4
(
1.3)
18.2
(
2.8)
18.8
(
2.2)
22.9
(
1.4)
18.7
(
1.2)
17.4
(
1.2)
16.9
(
1.5)
17.8
(
0.7)
20.6
(
1.4)
Unpaid
activities
outside
institution
..............................
1.7
(
0.1)
2.0
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.2)
1.9
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.2)
2.2
(
0.4)
1.5
(
0.1)
1.8
(
0.2)

Work
time
distribution
(
percent)
Total
..................................................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Teaching
......................................................................
61.7
(
0.7)
57.8
(
2.2)
44.0
(
3.4)
52.3
(
3.4)
50.4
(
2.3)
62.7
(
2.0)
64.8
(
2.1)
62.6
(
2.6)
66.4
(
1.1)
57.3
(
2.2)
Research/
scholarship
...................................................
4.8
(
0.2)
9.2
(
1.1)
8.7
(
1.6)
6.8
(
1.0)
8.6
(
1.1)
5.4
(
0.6)
5.1
(
0.7)
4.6
(
1.0)
2.9
(
0.2)
3.7
(
0.5)
Professional
growth
.....................................................
5.6
(
0.2)
5.9
(
0.7)
3.6
(
0.8)
4.9
(
0.6)
5.6
(
0.6)
5.9
(
0.6)
4.4
(
0.5)
6.5
(
0.8)
5.9
(
0.4)
5.8
(
1.0)
Administration
..............................................................
3.6
(
0.2)
3.9
(
0.6)
5.3
(
2.5)
4.8
(
0.8)
4.1
(
0.6)
2.4
(
0.3)
3.4
(
0.5)
4.5
(
0.9)
3.4
(
0.4)
3.9
(
0.7)
Outside
consulting
.......................................................
19.1
(
0.6)
16.4
(
1.8)
33.2
(
4.7)
17.9
(
3.6)
21.4
(
2.3)
18.8
(
1.7)
18.6
(
1.7)
16.2
(
1.9)
17.9
(
1.0)
24.6
(
2.2)
Service/
non­
teaching
...................................................
5.1
(
0.3)
6.8
(
1.2)
5.2
(
1.5)
13.3
(
2.8)
9.8
(
1.4)
4.7
(
0.7)
3.7
(
0.6)
5.6
(
0.8)
3.5
(
0.5)
4.8
(
1.1)

Preferred
work
time
distribution
(
percent)
Total
..................................................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Teaching
......................................................................
61.1
(
0.7)
55.3
(
2.0)
43.9
(
3.5)
51.0
(
3.1)
52.6
(
2.1)
61.7
(
1.8)
63.7
(
2.0)
62.1
(
2.3)
66.4
(
1.1)
55.4
(
2.1)
Research/
scholarship
...................................................
8.1
(
0.3)
15.0
(
1.3)
13.0
(
1.8)
10.5
(
1.1)
11.5
(
1.2)
8.4
(
0.7)
8.3
(
0.8)
8.4
(
1.1)
5.4
(
0.3)
7.7
(
0.8)
Professional
growth
.....................................................
7.9
(
0.3)
7.8
(
0.7)
5.6
(
0.9)
7.6
(
0.7)
6.8
(
0.6)
8.2
(
0.7)
6.2
(
0.6)
8.4
(
1.0)
8.4
(
0.6)
8.2
(
1.0)
Administration
..............................................................
2.7
(
0.2)
2.6
(
0.4)
2.2
(
0.6)
3.2
(
0.6)
2.9
(
0.5)
2.1
(
0.3)
2.9
(
0.5)
3.7
(
0.6)
2.5
(
0.3)
2.6
(
0.4)
Outside
consulting
.......................................................
15.0
(
0.6)
13.2
(
1.5)
29.8
(
4.8)
15.4
(
3.5)
16.4
(
1.8)
14.4
(
1.5)
15.2
(
1.5)
12.1
(
1.4)
13.7
(
0.9)
19.9
(
2.1)
Service/
non­
teaching
...................................................
5.2
(
0.3)
6.1
(
1.1)
5.6
(
1.5)
12.5
(
2.8)
9.8
(
1.4)
5.2
(
0.8)
3.7
(
0.5)
5.3
(
0.9)
3.5
(
0.5)
6.3
(
1.4)

Distribution
of
hours
taught
per
week
(
percent)
Total
hours
taught
per
week
.............................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
4.0
...............................................................
37.2
(
1.0)
47.3
(
3.2)
56.3
(
6.5)
49.5
(
4.4)
53.7
(
3.3)
45.0
(
2.9)
36.0
(
2.9)
33.4
(
3.6)
29.1
(
1.5)
35.2
(
3.2)
4.0
to
5.9
......................................................................
12.5
(
0.7)
12.0
(
2.2)
12.5
(
6.2)
8.0
(
1.7)
14.5
(
2.3)
11.3
(
1.6)
16.3
(
2.7)
15.4
(
3.0)
12.2
(
1.0)
11.3
(
1.7)
6.0
to
7.9
......................................................................
17.8
(
0.8)
19.6
(
2.5)
8.3
(
2.1)
17.3
(
3.0)
13.0
(
2.1)
16.8
(
1.9)
16.0
(
2.5)
22.6
(
4.3)
18.3
(
1.2)
19.6
(
3.2)
8.0
to
9.9
......................................................................
12.3
(
0.7)
6.9
(
1.2)
8.6
(
3.2)
11.5
(
2.6)
8.0
(
1.7)
11.0
(
1.7)
14.6
(
2.4)
14.4
(
2.6)
13.8
(
1.3)
12.2
(
2.7)
10.0
to
14.9
..................................................................
11.1
(
0.6)
9.2
(
1.7)
7.5
(
3.2)
6.8
(
1.6)
5.5
(
1.5)
9.2
(
1.5)
9.8
(
1.8)
7.5
(
1.5)
14.1
(
1.1)
14.0
(
2.3)
15.0
or
more
................................................................
9.0
(
0.6)
5.1
(
1.0)
6.9
(
3.2)
6.9
(
1.7)
5.2
(
1.4)
6.6
(
2.6)
7.3
(
1.3)
6.6
(
1.9)
12.4
(
1.0)
7.7
(
1.5)

Distribution
of
number
of
students
taught
(
percent)
Total
students
taught
........................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
25
................................................................
39.5
(
1.0)
39.0
(
3.2)
55.1
(
6.2)
45.8
(
4.4)
51.6
(
3.3)
29.3
(
2.5)
43.3
(
3.2)
41.1
(
4.0)
38.2
(
1.6)
37.8
(
3.2)
25
to
49
........................................................................
28.6
(
0.9)
26.3
(
2.9)
19.4
(
4.4)
20.4
(
3.2)
26.5
(
2.9)
33.5
(
2.7)
31.4
(
3.1)
31.9
(
4.2)
29.3
(
1.5)
25.7
(
2.7)
50
to
74
........................................................................
14.6
(
0.7)
14.9
(
2.1)
12.8
(
4.2)
12.6
(
2.7)
11.4
(
2.0)
15.5
(
1.8)
13.6
(
1.9)
13.8
(
2.6)
15.7
(
1.1)
13.0
(
2.5)
75
to
99
........................................................................
7.2
(
0.5)
6.4
(
1.1)
3.1
(
1.2)
6.6
(
1.5)
5.0
(
1.4)
10.5
(
2.7)
5.7
(
1.1)
5.5
(
1.3)
7.5
(
0.8)
8.5
(
2.0)
100
to
149
....................................................................
6.4
(
0.5)
6.7
(
1.1)
3.6
(
1.6)
6.7
(
2.0)
2.9
(
1.0)
7.2
(
1.6)
4.2
(
1.2)
6.1
(
2.3)
6.5
(
0.7)
9.4
(
2.4)
150
or
more
.................................................................
3.7
(
0.4)
6.7
(
1.5)
6.0
(
3.1)
7.9
(
2.2)
2.6
(
1.1)
4.0
(
1.1)
1.8
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.6)
2.8
(
0.4)
5.5
(
2.5)

Distribution
of
student
classroom
contact
hours
per
week
(
percent)
1
Total
contact
hours
...........................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
50
................................................................
26.8
(
0.9)
32.3
(
3.2)
50.1
(
6.4)
39.2
(
4.4)
44.8
(
3.3)
18.1
(
2.1)
27.9
(
2.6)
32.8
(
3.9)
21.2
(
1.4)
25.9
(
2.8)
50
to
99
........................................................................
21.0
(
0.8)
16.9
(
2.4)
12.6
(
3.5)
16.5
(
3.1)
18.9
(
2.5)
28.4
(
2.6)
24.3
(
2.9)
20.3
(
2.5)
20.7
(
1.3)
21.9
(
2.6)
100
to
199
....................................................................
27.2
(
0.9)
24.1
(
2.7)
19.6
(
4.9)
20.1
(
2.8)
22.4
(
2.7)
26.6
(
2.3)
30.4
(
3.1)
28.3
(
4.3)
29.4
(
1.6)
26.6
(
2.9)
200
to
349
....................................................................
15.1
(
0.7)
15.2
(
2.1)
10.4
(
3.5)
14.0
(
2.8)
8.2
(
1.8)
14.8
(
2.0)
11.4
(
1.6)
11.7
(
2.0)
17.5
(
1.2)
16.9
(
3.0)
350
to
499
....................................................................
5.1
(
0.5)
5.6
(
1.0)
2.0
(
1.0)
2.1
(
0.7)
4.3
(
1.3)
7.4
(
2.7)
4.5
(
1.2)
3.6
(
1.6)
6.0
(
0.7)
3.5
(
1.1)
500
or
more
.................................................................
4.8
(
0.4)
6.0
(
1.2)
5.2
(
3.0)
8.1
(
2.2)
1.5
(
0.7)
4.6
(
1.1)
1.5
(
0.6)
3.4
(
1.8)
5.2
(
0.7)
5.1
(
2.3)

Distribution
of
total
classroom
credit
hours
(
percent)
Total
credit
hours
..............................................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
Less
than
4.0
...............................................................
41.9
(
1.2)
45.7
(
4.0)
57.5
(
8.2)
53.1
(
6.6)
52.1
(
3.7)
48.1
(
3.3)
42.4
(
3.6)
40.0
(
4.1)
35.8
(
1.8)
39.7
(
3.6)
4.0
to
5.9
......................................................................
11.4
(
0.6)
11.0
(
2.3)
7.7
(
1.8)
5.8
(
1.3)
11.7
(
2.1)
11.6
(
1.8)
10.1
(
1.8)
13.1
(
2.7)
13.2
(
1.1)
8.3
(
1.5)
6.0
to
7.9
......................................................................
18.8
(
0.8)
19.7
(
2.7)
8.4
(
1.9)
17.2
(
2.7)
15.7
(
2.3)
19.2
(
2.1)
19.3
(
2.8)
19.7
(
4.9)
19.5
(
1.3)
20.2
(
3.1)
8.0
to
9.9
......................................................................
11.9
(
0.8)
9.7
(
1.8)
4.2
(
1.7)
11.1
(
2.6)
7.9
(
1.8)
8.8
(
1.5)
13.8
(
2.4)
14.6
(
3.1)
14.2
(
1.5)
9.3
(
2.2)
10.0
to
14.9
..................................................................
9.1
(
0.6)
9.4
(
1.7)
10.9
(
4.3)
5.2
(
1.5)
6.5
(
1.6)
8.2
(
1.5)
7.1
(
1.4)
6.2
(
1.2)
9.9
(
0.9)
14.4
(
2.6)
15.0
or
more
................................................................
6.8
(
0.5)
4.5
(
0.9)
11.3
(
6.9)
7.6
(
2.2)
6.1
(
2.5)
4.2
(
1.0)
7.4
(
1.7)
6.4
(
2.0)
7.4
(
0.7)
8.1
(
2.5)

Number
of
classes
taught
for
credit
Faculty
with
undergraduate
classes
only
(
percent)
Total
undergraduate
credit
courses
.........
.......................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
1
...................................................................................
42.1
(
1.1)
41.7
(
4.1)
41.1
(
6.4)
43.2
(
5.3)
48.8
(
4.9)
48.1
(
3.4)
43.7
(
4.1)
43.5
(
4.3)
40.8
(
1.6)
35.9
(
3.5)
2
...................................................................................
29.3
(
1.0)
41.1
(
4.0)
27.2
(
5.5)
30.5
(
4.8)
25.0
(
4.2)
26.5
(
2.6)
26.0
(
3.3)
30.2
(
4.9)
28.8
(
1.5)
28.7
(
3.1)
3
...................................................................................
14.9
(
0.9)
10.6
(
2.3)
16.2
(
5.2)
12.3
(
3.6)
15.4
(
3.6)
10.2
(
2.0)
18.3
(
3.3)
15.3
(
2.7)
15.8
(
1.5)
17.4
(
3.8)
4
...................................................................................
6.3
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.9)
6.0
(
3.0)
7.8
(
3.7)
2.7
(
1.6)
7.2
(
1.9)
5.6
(
1.4)
7.7
(
2.2)
6.2
(
0.8)
8.6
(
2.1)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
7.4
(
0.6)
4.1
(
1.1)
9.5
(
4.4)
6.2
(
1.9)
8.1
(
2.7)
8.1
(
3.2)
6.4
(
1.5)
3.3
(
0.9)
8.4
(
0.7)
9.5
(
2.0)

Faculty
with
graduate
classes
only
(
percent)
Total
graduate
credit
courses
...........................................
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
100.0
 
1
...................................................................................
73.6
(
2.5)
71.3
(
6.3)
83.3
(
8.1)
63.2
(
7.3)
75.1
(
5.0)
82.6
(
4.9)
75.0
(
4.7)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
66.9
(
8.4)
2
...................................................................................
14.0
(
1.6)
14.1
(
3.6)
7.2
(
3.3)
11.4
(
5.6)
18.9
(
4.5)
8.7
(
3.3)
21.9
(
4.5)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
12.9
(
4.1)
3
...................................................................................
7.0
(
1.9)
8.6
(
5.6)
0.0
(
0.0)
10.7
(
5.0)
3.8
(
2.2)
6.3
(
2.9)
1.3
(
1.3)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
18.0
(
8.6)
4
...................................................................................
2.3
(
1.1)
2.6
(
1.5)
8.1
(
7.7)
5.1
(
3.5)
0.0
(
0.0)
1.2
(
1.2)
0.0
(
0.0)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
0.4
(
0.4)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
3.0
(
0.8)
3.4
(
1.7)
1.4
(
1.4)
9.6
(
4.7)
2.2
(
1.7)
1.2
(
1.2)
1.8
(
1.3)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
1.8
(
1.2)

Faculty
with
both
undergraduate
and
graduate
classes
(
percent)
Total
undergraduate
and
graduate
courses
.....................
100.0
 
100.0
 
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
100.0
 
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
2
...................................................................................
44.7
(
5.9)
49.6
(
9.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
54.0
(
10.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
3
...................................................................................
24.1
(
5.5)
18.3
(
7.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
15.2
(
5.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
4
...................................................................................
7.8
(
1.9)
13.2
(
6.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
3.2
(
3.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
(
2)
(
2)
5
or
more
.....................................................................
23.4
(
3.5)
18.9
(
7.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
27.5
(
8.1)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
 
 
(
2)
(
2)

 
Not
applicable.

1
Distribution
of
student
classroom
contact
hours
per
week
by
percent
are
the
contact
hours
that
faculty
and
instructional
staff
spend
each
week
with
students
during
classroom
instruction
multiplied
by
the
number
of
students
taught.

2
Too
few
sample
cases
for
a
reliable
estimate.
NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
280
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
235.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
full­
time
and
part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
program
area,
race/
ethnicity,
and
sex:
Fall
1992
and
fall
1998
Program
area
Number
in
thousands
1992
Fall
1998
Number
in
thousands
Percent
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Total
1
......................................
528
560
(
4.8)
100.0
54.5
(
0.6)
30.6
(
0.5)
2.6
(
0.2)
2.5
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.1)
4.0
(
0.2)
1.8
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.1)
0.2
(
0.0)

Agriculture
and
home
economics
..
11
10
(
0.4)
100.0
74.3
(
2.9)
16.4
(
2.4)
1.7
(
0.7)
2.3
(
1.0)
1.2
(
0.6)
0.1
(
0.1)
2.2
(
0.9)
0.7
(
0.4)
1.0
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
Business
........................................
40
39
(
1.1)
100.0
54.7
(
2.2)
32.0
(
2.1)
3.8
(
0.7)
1.5
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.3)
4.4
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.8)
0.1
(
0.1)
Communications
............................
10
10
(
1.0)
100.0
60.8
(
5.0)
26.7
(
3.8)
3.5
(
1.1)
1.9
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.3)
2.3
(
0.9)
2.8
(
1.7)
1.0
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.3)
Education
.......................................
37
40
(
1.4)
100.0
37.9
(
2.6)
45.9
(
2.4)
2.4
(
0.4)
6.2
(
1.4)
1.4
(
0.4)
1.8
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
2.9
(
0.9)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.7
(
0.3)
Teacher
education
.....................
12
14
(
0.6)
100.0
33.1
(
3.4)
52.6
(
3.7)
2.2
(
0.6)
7.7
(
3.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
1.2
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.4)
2.5
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.3)
Other
education
.........................
25
26
(
1.3)
100.0
40.4
(
3.5)
42.3
(
3.1)
2.5
(
0.6)
5.4
(
1.2)
2.1
(
0.6)
2.2
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.4)
3.1
(
1.2)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.4)

Engineering
...................................
24
25
(
0.9)
100.0
69.9
(
2.6)
7.1
(
1.6)
2.3
(
0.6)
0.1
(
0.1)
3.5
(
1.3)
0.4
(
0.2)
14.5
(
1.9)
1.6
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
Fine
arts
........................................
32
33
(
1.4)
100.0
60.7
(
2.6)
28.5
(
2.3)
4.6
(
1.0)
2.1
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.1)
1.9
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
Health
sciences
.............................
79
84
(
2.0)
100.0
42.7
(
1.7)
42.8
(
1.5)
1.3
(
0.3)
3.1
(
0.4)
1.7
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.4)
3.8
(
0.6)
2.4
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.1)
First­
professional
.......................
37
40
(
1.6)
100.0
60.9
(
2.5)
22.9
(
2.2)
1.1
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.4)
2.8
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.2)
6.2
(
1.1)
3.4
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
Nursing
.......................................
22
20
(
0.6)
100.0
3.5
(
1.0)
83.9
(
2.1)
0.0
0.0
6.4
(
1.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
3.6
(
1.6)
0.2
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
0.9
(
0.4)
Other
health
sciences
................
21
24
(
1.0)
100.0
45.0
(
3.2)
41.8
(
2.8)
2.6
(
0.9)
2.6
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.5)
1.4
(
0.5)
2.7
(
1.0)
1.5
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.2)

Humanities
.....................................
74
81
(
1.8)
100.0
47.9
(
1.7)
36.0
(
1.5)
2.4
(
0.7)
2.1
(
0.5)
3.7
(
0.7)
2.8
(
0.5)
1.7
(
0.5)
3.0
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
English
and
literature
.................
37
40
(
1.2)
100.0
42.7
(
2.4)
45.8
(
2.3)
1.1
(
0.3)
2.8
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.8)
2.1
(
0.8)
0.9
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.7)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
Foreign
languages
.....................
14
15
(
0.8)
100.0
32.1
(
3.5)
35.7
(
3.5)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.4)
9.3
(
2.1)
8.3
(
1.8)
4.1
(
2.2)
8.2
(
2.8)
0.4
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.4)
History
........................................
15
14
(
0.6)
100.0
59.0
(
3.7)
26.2
(
3.0)
3.6
(
1.1)
3.5
(
2.2)
3.4
(
2.1)
1.3
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.5)
1.5
(
1.2)
0.7
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
Philosophy
.................................
8
12
(
0.8)
100.0
72.1
(
4.7)
15.1
(
2.9)
7.0
(
4.2)
0.4
(
0.3)
2.0
(
1.0)
0.0
0.0
2.3
(
2.0)
1.0
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Law
................................................
9
8
(
0.6)
100.0
60.2
(
5.3)
29.8
(
5.4)
1.9
(
0.8)
3.0
(
1.6)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.4)
2.1
(
1.1)
1.3
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)

Natural
sciences
............................
102
111
(
2.1)
100.0
63.7
(
1.3)
21.9
(
1.1)
2.1
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.2)
2.2
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
6.9
(
0.6)
1.2
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.0)
0.1
(
0.1)
Biological
sciences
....................
34
40
(
1.3)
100.0
60.3
(
2.3)
26.2
(
2.0)
2.0
(
0.5)
1.0
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
6.4
(
1.1)
1.6
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
Physical
sciences
......................
28
27
(
0.8)
100.0
76.9
(
2.1)
11.0
(
1.5)
1.8
(
0.6)
0.6
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.4)
1.2
(
1.0)
5.7
(
1.0)
1.2
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
Mathematics
...............................
25
26
(
1.0)
100.0
59.3
(
2.8)
21.4
(
1.9)
3.3
(
0.8)
1.1
(
0.5)
3.7
(
1.6)
1.1
(
0.4)
9.2
(
1.6)
1.0
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Computer
sciences
....................
14
17
(
0.9)
100.0
57.2
(
3.6)
29.4
(
3.4)
1.1
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.5)
2.7
(
0.9)
0.4
(
0.2)
6.6
(
1.2)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)

Social
sciences
..............................
58
58
(
1.3)
100.0
58.0
(
1.8)
26.0
(
1.5)
3.1
(
0.5)
3.6
(
0.7)
1.8
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.4)
3.7
(
0.7)
1.3
(
0.4)
1.0
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.2)
Economics
.................................
10
9
(
0.6)
100.0
67.6
(
4.4)
16.2
(
3.1)
2.5
(
0.9)
0.0
0.0
1.1
(
0.6)
0.3
(
0.2)
10.7
(
3.6)
0.5
(
0.4)
0.4
(
0.4)
0.6
(
0.6)
Political
science
.........................
9
8
(
0.5)
100.0
69.7
(
4.1)
17.5
(
3.0)
3.5
(
1.3)
2.9
(
2.0)
3.2
(
1.3)
1.1
(
0.8)
1.3
(
0.9)
0.8
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Psychology
.................................
18
20
(
0.7)
100.0
54.8
(
3.1)
31.7
(
2.9)
2.3
(
0.7)
3.4
(
1.1)
1.5
(
0.5)
1.6
(
0.6)
2.0
(
0.6)
1.0
(
0.4)
1.7
(
0.7)
0.2
(
0.2)
Sociology
...................................
10
9
(
0.4)
100.0
55.0
(
4.2)
31.1
(
4.0)
2.5
(
0.9)
3.9
(
1.4)
1.6
(
0.7)
0.4
(
0.4)
2.2
(
0.9)
2.7
(
1.9)
0.5
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
Other
social
sciences
................
12
13
(
0.6)
100.0
51.6
(
3.7)
25.5
(
2.9)
5.0
(
1.3)
6.4
(
2.2)
2.0
(
0.7)
1.7
(
1.2)
4.1
(
1.4)
1.8
(
0.8)
1.2
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.4)

Occupationally
specific
programs
...
15
16
(
0.8)
100.0
72.6
(
3.2)
12.9
(
2.3)
3.5
(
0.9)
2.5
(
1.0)
2.7
(
1.7)
0.1
(
0.1)
3.0
(
1.4)
0.5
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.9)
0.0
0.0
All
other
programs
.........................
28
44
(
1.2)
100.0
49.0
(
2.2)
36.6
(
2.1)
3.8
(
0.7)
3.2
(
0.6)
1.6
(
0.7)
1.1
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.4)
2.1
(
0.6)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.4
(
0.2)

Part­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
Total
1
......................................
377
416
(
5.9)
100.0
45.9
(
1.0)
41.7
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.2)
2.1
(
0.3)
1.7
(
0.2)
1.5
(
0.2)
1.7
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.1)
0.6
(
0.2)

Agriculture
and
home
economics
...
3
3
(
0.2)
100.0
31.5
(
7.8)
56.8
(
9.5)
0.0
0.0
1.3
(
1.3)
3.1
(
3.1)
0.8
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
6.7
(
6.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Business
........................................
35
32
(
1.8)
100.0
57.8
(
4.0)
33.3
(
4.2)
2.4
(
0.8)
3.0
(
1.0)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Communications
............................
10
10
(
1.0)
100.0
43.6
(
6.9)
50.2
(
7.1)
1.7
(
0.9)
1.0
(
0.6)
1.4
(
1.2)
0.6
(
0.6)
1.1
(
0.8)
0.4
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Education
.......................................
31
34
(
1.6)
100.0
25.4
(
2.5)
63.8
(
3.0)
1.9
(
0.8)
3.1
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.3)
2.8
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
1.7
(
1.3)
Teacher
education
.....................
12
13
(
1.0)
100.0
20.2
(
3.4)
65.0
(
5.0)
2.4
(
1.5)
4.4
(
1.9)
1.1
(
0.7)
2.6
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
0.6
(
0.6)
3.7
(
3.1)
Other
education
.........................
18
20
(
1.2)
100.0
28.7
(
3.4)
63.0
(
3.8)
1.7
(
0.9)
2.2
(
0.6)
0.3
(
0.2)
3.0
(
1.4)
(
2)
(
2)
0.8
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.4)

Engineering
...................................
12
9
(
0.8)
100.0
72.6
(
6.0)
2.3
(
1.4)
4.2
(
2.4)
0.7
(
0.5)
11.2
(
5.7)
(
2)
(
2)
6.9
(
1.8)
1.2
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
Fine
arts
........................................
33
38
(
1.5)
100.0
43.7
(
3.0)
48.6
(
3.1)
2.5
(
0.8)
0.3
(
0.2)
1.5
(
1.2)
1.5
(
0.6)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.2)
Health
sciences
.............................
45
49
(
2.2)
100.0
37.4
(
3.3)
52.9
(
3.2)
0.5
(
0.2)
2.3
(
0.6)
1.1
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.2)
2.3
(
0.8)
1.4
(
0.5)
0.1
(
0.1)
1.2
(
0.8)
First­
professional
.......................
18
15
(
1.3)
100.0
53.4
(
5.7)
36.4
(
5.3)
(
2)
(
2)
1.1
(
0.5)
2.1
(
1.2)
0.6
(
0.4)
4.5
(
2.4)
1.9
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Nursing
.......................................
10
12
(
0.8)
100.0
3.5
(
1.7)
84.9
(
3.8)
0.3
(
0.3)
4.1
(
1.5)
0.3
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
1.8
(
0.9)
(
2)
(
2)
3.7
(
3.1)
Other
health
sciences
................
17
21
(
1.7)
100.0
44.6
(
5.4)
47.0
(
5.0)
0.9
(
0.4)
2.1
(
1.0)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.3)
2.0
(
0.9)
0.9
(
0.5)
0.3
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.8)

Humanities
.....................................
60
74
(
2.1)
100.0
39.1
(
2.2)
47.6
(
2.2)
1.3
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.7)
3.4
(
0.7)
1.0
(
0.3)
2.7
(
0.8)
0.6
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.4)
English
and
literature
.................
37
43
(
1.4)
100.0
31.1
(
2.6)
58.5
(
2.8)
0.9
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.6)
1.0
(
0.4)
2.1
(
1.1)
1.0
(
0.5)
2.4
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
1.1
(
0.7)
Foreign
languages
.....................
11
12
(
1.2)
100.0
18.8
(
6.1)
52.0
(
6.3)
0.5
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
7.9
(
3.6)
12.5
(
2.6)
0.9
(
0.7)
7.5
(
3.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
History
........................................
8
11
(
0.7)
100.0
66.3
(
4.9)
21.8
(
4.1)
3.8
(
1.8)
2.0
(
1.7)
2.6
(
1.1)
1.3
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
2.1
(
1.2)
(
2)
(
2)
Philosophy
.................................
4
9
(
0.6)
100.0
72.8
(
5.0)
18.6
(
4.4)
0.8
(
0.8)
(
2)
(
2)
1.6
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
2.4
(
1.3)
0.5
(
0.5)
2.6
(
1.5)
0.7
(
0.5)

Law
................................................
14
11
(
0.8)
100.0
67.2
(
5.2)
19.9
(
3.9)
2.7
(
1.6)
0.3
(
0.3)
2.9
(
1.4)
2.2
(
2.0)
2.9
(
2.5)
1.2
(
0.8)
0.7
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)

Natural
sciences
............................
60
65
(
2.2)
100.0
54.4
(
2.5)
32.4
(
2.3)
3.9
(
0.9)
2.0
(
0.5)
1.4
(
0.3)
1.1
(
0.3)
2.9
(
0.7)
1.4
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.3)
Biological
sciences
....................
12
11
(
0.9)
100.0
54.6
(
6.0)
36.7
(
5.8)
2.2
(
1.1)
1.0
(
0.8)
0.2
(
0.2)
0.7
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.8)
2.7
(
1.3)
0.7
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
Physical
sciences
......................
11
11
(
0.8)
100.0
71.9
(
4.4)
19.4
(
3.7)
1.3
(
0.8)
1.3
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.7)
4.3
(
2.4)
0.4
(
0.4)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Mathematics
...............................
25
24
(
1.4)
100.0
45.9
(
4.2)
36.5
(
4.0)
6.6
(
2.2)
2.3
(
0.9)
1.9
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.7)
2.8
(
0.9)
1.7
(
0.7)
0.3
(
0.3)
(
2)
(
2)
Computer
sciences
....................
13
19
(
1.2)
100.0
55.3
(
4.6)
31.9
(
4.4)
2.9
(
1.2)
2.7
(
1.2)
1.6
(
0.7)
0.6
(
0.4)
3.1
(
1.4)
0.9
(
0.5)
(
2)
(
2)
1.0
(
1.0)

Social
sciences
..............................
34
41
(
2.4)
100.0
46.2
(
3.8)
39.0
(
3.5)
4.2
(
1.5)
3.9
(
1.0)
3.5
(
1.4)
1.4
(
0.5)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
Economics
.................................
3
4
(
0.5)
100.0
73.9
(
8.8)
16.9
(
6.8)
(
2)
(
2)
5.2
(
5.1)
1.3
(
1.0)
(
2)
(
2)
2.7
(
1.7)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Political
science
.........................
3
4
(
0.4)
100.0
75.8
(
6.5)
17.6
(
5.8)
3.4
(
1.8)
0.9
(
0.9)
2.4
(
1.3)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Psychology
.................................
16
18
(
2.1)
100.0
45.4
(
7.1)
47.4
(
6.8)
2.6
(
1.3)
1.8
(
0.8)
1.8
(
0.8)
0.8
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
2)
0.2
(
0.2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Sociology
...................................
4
6
(
0.5)
100.0
37.8
(
7.3)
43.7
(
7.2)
5.4
(
3.3)
3.9
(
1.8)
0.8
(
0.6)
4.6
(
2.2)
(
2)
(
2)
1.3
(
1.0)
1.1
(
1.1)
1.2
(
1.2)
Other
social
sciences
................
8
10
(
0.9)
100.0
31.4
(
5.5)
37.4
(
6.2)
8.2
(
5.4)
8.4
(
3.0)
9.1
(
5.1)
1.4
(
1.2)
1.0
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.6)
2.3
(
1.3)
(
2)
(
2)

Occupationally
specific
programs
16
17
(
1.1)
100.0
68.6
(
4.2)
11.8
(
3.1)
2.2
(
0.8)
2.2
(
1.3)
2.9
(
1.4)
0.6
(
0.6)
0.9
(
0.7)
8.0
(
0.7)
(
2)
(
2)
2.7
(
2.7)
All
other
programs
.........................
20
35
(
1.6)
100.0
45.0
(
3.4)
40.6
(
3.3)
2.4
(
0.8)
3.6
(
1.2)
2.6
(
0.8)
1.9
(
0.8)
1.6
(
0.5)
1.9
(
0.6)
(
2)
(
2)
0.3
(
0.3)

1
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and
nonresponse
to
program
area
question.
2
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1993
and
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
281
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
236.
 
Average
base
salaries
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
and
staff
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
field
of
instruction:
1987
 
88,
1992
 
93,
and
1998
 
99
Field
of
instruction
All
institutions
Total
public
Total
private
Public
research
Private
research
Public
doctoral
Private
doctoral
Public
comprehensive
Private
comprehensive
Private
liberal
arts
Public
2­
year
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1987
 
88
salaries
in
1998
 
99
dollars
1
All
fields
........................................
$
55,854
$
56,369
$
54,707
$
67,095
$
73,504
$
62,374
$
66,053
$
52,347
$
45,676
$
40,940
$
46,002
$
43,522
Agriculture
and
home
economics
.....
55,937
56,238
(
2)
62,840
(
2)
50,221
(
2)
54,184
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)

Business
............................................
52,232
52,858
50,887
67,212
(
2)
56,756
(
2)
50,119
52,320
(
2)
46,996
40,744
Education
..........................................
46,754
49,084
38,709
52,945
(
2)
50,006
(
2)
48,218
38,674
33,942
47,487
(
2)

Engineering
.......................................
60,279
59,354
63,606
70,842
(
2)
61,341
(
2)
58,089
59,433
(
2)
42,478
(
2)

Fine
arts
............................................
43,686
45,656
39,677
46,522
(
2)
44,049
(
2)
45,448
38,294
39,811
46,428
(
2)

Health
................................................
74,879
74,402
75,836
84,801
89,061
82,043
77,670
65,948
55,049
(
2)
42,736
(
2)

Humanities
........................................
48,973
50,903
46,026
53,482
56,556
45,403
53,467
51,491
42,818
44,016
50,175
40,156
Natural
sciences
................................
55,197
55,875
53,677
66,898
71,267
57,628
54,158
53,895
44,750
43,593
45,824
43,292
Social
sciences
.................................
53,376
53,690
52,794
61,005
70,472
55,344
(
2)
51,874
44,578
41,247
47,393
(
2)

Other
.................................................
51,619
51,073
52,914
60,779
(
2)
52,444
(
2)
48,318
41,253
(
2)
43,595
51,179
1992
 
93
salaries
in
1998
 
99
dollars
1
All
fields
........................................
54,068
53,991
54,253
65,162
73,848
59,453
64,663
50,204
49,937
43,435
45,429
46,708
Agriculture
and
home
economics
.....
55,194
55,978
(
2)
63,191
(
2)
51,351
(
2)
50,078
(
2)
(
2)
45,934
(
2)

Business
............................................
56,827
57,672
54,628
75,283
(
2)
67,893
62,768
55,113
62,095
37,315
48,508
38,776
Education
..........................................
48,541
49,942
43,429
57,519
(
2)
48,722
56,862
47,860
43,826
37,427
47,592
(
2)

Engineering
.......................................
64,154
64,562
62,561
77,097
70,520
61,853
63,542
56,227
52,938
(
2)
44,618
64,692
Fine
arts
............................................
46,842
45,354
49,095
47,722
99,540
45,463
43,725
45,191
41,344
43,597
43,320
39,367
Health
................................................
64,216
62,454
68,946
84,816
84,369
73,701
76,335
44,229
52,734
48,907
41,318
48,373
Humanities
........................................
47,301
48,027
45,756
50,818
51,599
45,787
49,559
47,027
47,384
43,485
47,545
42,193
Natural
sciences
................................
55,636
54,837
57,646
63,995
77,546
59,677
65,418
53,016
53,875
43,332
45,776
48,653
Social
sciences
.................................
53,060
53,225
52,722
61,347
68,456
56,233
57,153
50,435
45,992
46,747
46,540
51,246
Other
.................................................
51,482
50,141
54,295
58,886
75,831
50,540
71,409
52,363
48,167
42,065
43,487
45,255
1998
 
99
salaries
in
1998
 
99
dollars
1
All
fields
........................................
56,851
(
394)
56,060
(
433)
59,124
(
869)
66,399
(
816)
81,574
(
2,507)
65,466
(
1,851)
70,240
(
1,985)
50,143
(
576)
49,374
(
1,122)
43,600
(
711)
44,636
(
424)
47,227
(
1,599)

Agriculture
and
home
economics
.....
58,434
(
2,366)
60,698
(
1,765)
(
2)
(
2)
67,336
(
2,353)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
44,227
(
2,087)
(
2)
(
2)

Business
............................................
55,837
(
1,006)
54,599
(
1,147)
58,758
(
1,993)
69,241
(
3,356)
80,949
(
7,916)
55,237
(
4,834)
69,354
(
5,706)
58,622
(
1,567)
59,245
(
1,861)
42,328
(
2,927)
46,141
(
1,238)
42,440
(
4,921)

Education
..........................................
47,789
(
904)
48,263
(
1,040)
46,194
(
1,827)
53,412
(
1,768)
(
2)
(
2)
46,385
(
2,852)
(
2)
(
2)
49,261
(
1,795)
43,677
(
1,918)
40,857
(
2,031)
43,324
(
1,301)
41,434
(
3,714)

Engineering
.......................................
63,401
(
1,302)
62,265
(
1,425)
67,668
(
2,988)
69,867
(
2,400)
76,075
(
4,982)
64,345
(
2,396)
(
2)
(
2)
52,625
(
4,992)
57,909
(
5,842)
(
2)
(
2)
45,102
(
1,691)
(
2)
(
2)

Fine
arts
............................................
45,655
(
1,161)
45,109
(
1,150)
47,061
(
2,802)
49,342
(
2,822)
(
2)
(
2)
41,907
(
1,276)
(
2)
(
2)
44,774
(
1,470)
49,828
(
6,924)
43,471
(
1,677)
45,957
(
2,312)
36,592
(
3,202)

Health
................................................
75,238
(
1,516)
71,755
(
1,550)
84,877
(
3,705)
85,518
(
2,776)
100,068
(
7,573)
85,842
(
4,398)
93,003
(
4,958)
53,179
(
2,732)
47,376
(
4,070)
44,588
(
3,674)
43,617
(
1,142)
53,383
(
3,385)

Humanities
........................................
47,697
(
646)
47,865
(
766)
47,290
(
1,202)
53,929
(
1,985)
57,033
(
4,251)
47,037
(
2,548)
49,336
(
2,610)
46,577
(
1,065)
46,463
(
1,777)
43,199
(
1,583)
45,046
(
1,201)
43,203
(
1,889)

Natural
sciences
................................
57,331
(
719)
56,929
(
777)
58,548
(
1,671)
65,951
(
1,381)
79,784
(
3,981)
64,443
(
1,855)
61,723
(
3,056)
51,150
(
1,328)
47,764
(
1,989)
42,635
(
1,331)
44,127
(
878)
55,565
(
5,206)

Social
sciences
.................................
58,714
(
1,778)
59,450
(
2,255)
56,785
(
2,450)
69,074
(
3,122)
78,540
(
6,677)
69,589
(
13,661)
58,922
(
3,083)
53,419
(
1,120)
46,434
(
1,794)
47,318
(
2,362)
47,190
(
1,587)
49,232
(
3,892)

Other
.................................................
52,150
(
878)
50,422
(
918)
57,596
(
2,087)
59,896
(
2,037)
80,645
(
6,527)
56,448
(
2,404)
65,125
(
3,585)
45,854
(
1,774)
52,818
(
3,009)
43,143
(
1,878)
43,662
(
1,020)
46,653
(
3,863)

1
Based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index,
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,

adjusted
to
a
school­
year
basis.

2
Too
few
sample
cases
(
fewer
than
30)
for
a
reliable
estimate.
NOTE:
Totals
may
differ
from
figures
reported
in
other
tables
because
of
varying
survey
methodologies.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF),
1987
 
88,
1992
 
93,
and
1998
 
99.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
2001.)
282
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
237.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
control
and
type
of
institution:
1970
 
71
to
1998
 
99
Academic
year
and
sex
All
faculty
Academic
rank
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Instructor
Lecturer
No
rank
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Current
dollars
Total
1970
 
71
..............................
$
12,710
$
17,958
$
13,563
$
11,176
$
9,360
$
11,196
$
12,333
$
12,953
$
13,121
$
12,644
$
11,619
$
11,824
$
8,664
1972
 
73
..............................
13,856
19,191
14,580
12,032
10,737
11,637
12,676
14,016
14,417
12,919
13,452
13,622
9,288
1974
 
75
..............................
15,622
21,277
16,146
13,295
12,691
12,575
13,532
15,879
16,271
14,897
14,912
15,092
10,242
1975
 
76
..............................
16,659
22,649
17,065
13,986
13,672
12,906
15,196
16,942
17,400
15,820
15,921
16,116
10,901
1976
 
77
..............................
17,560
23,792
17,905
14,662
11,835
13,431
16,634
17,845
18,313
16,685
16,787
16,977
11,637
1977
 
78
..............................
18,709
25,133
18,987
15,530
12,504
14,528
17,831
19,045
19,517
17,895
17,773
17,966
12,191
1978
 
79
..............................
19,820
26,470
20,047
16,374
13,193
15,281
18,725
20,179
20,722
18,844
18,807
19,010
12,496
1979
 
80
..............................
21,348
28,388
21,451
17,465
14,023
16,122
20,262
21,798
22,349
20,429
20,105
20,318
13,250
1980
 
81
..............................
23,302
30,753
23,214
18,901
15,178
17,301
22,334
23,745
24,373
22,177
22,093
22,325
15,065
1981
 
82
..............................
25,449
33,437
25,278
20,608
16,450
18,756
24,331
25,886
26,591
24,193
24,255
24,509
15,926
1982
 
83
..............................
27,196
35,540
26,921
22,056
17,601
20,072
25,557
27,488
28,293
25,567
26,393
26,691
16,595
1984
 
85
..............................
30,447
39,743
29,945
24,668
20,230
22,334
27,683
30,646
31,764
27,864
29,910
30,247
18,510
1985
 
86
..............................
32,392
42,268
31,787
26,277
20,918
23,770
29,088
32,750
34,033
29,590
31,402
31,732
19,436
1987
 
88
..............................
35,897
47,040
35,231
29,110
22,728
25,977
31,532
36,231
37,840
32,209
35,049
35,346
21,867
1989
 
90
..............................
40,133
52,810
39,392
32,689
25,030
28,990
34,559
40,416
42,365
35,516
39,464
39,817
24,601
1990
 
91
..............................
42,165
55,540
41,414
34,434
26,332
30,097
36,395
42,317
44,510
37,055
41,788
42,224
24,088
1991
 
92
..............................
43,851
57,433
42,929
35,745
30,916
30,456
37,783
43,641
45,638
38,959
44,376
44,793
25,673
1992
 
93
..............................
44,714
58,788
43,945
36,625
28,499
30,543
37,771
44,197
46,515
38,935
45,985
46,427
26,105
1993
 
94
..............................
46,364
60,649
45,278
37,630
28,828
32,729
40,584
45,920
48,019
41,040
47,465
47,880
28,435
1994
 
95
..............................
47,811
62,709
46,713
38,756
29,665
33,198
41,227
47,432
49,738
42,101
48,741
49,379
25,613
1995
 
96
..............................
49,309
64,540
47,966
39,696
30,344
34,136
42,996
48,837
51,172
43,295
50,466
50,819
31,915
1996
 
97
..............................
50,829
66,659
49,307
40,687
31,193
34,962
44,200
50,303
52,718
44,584
52,112
52,443
32,628
1997
 
98
..............................
52,335
68,731
50,828
41,830
32,449
35,484
45,268
51,638
54,114
45,919
54,039
54,379
33,592
1998
 
99
..............................
54,097
71,322
52,576
43,348
33,819
36,819
46,250
53,319
55,948
47,285
55,981
56,284
34,821
Men
1972
 
73
..............................
14,422
19,414
14,723
12,193
11,147
12,106
13,047
14,545
14,944
13,268
14,116
14,253
9,571
1974
 
75
..............................
16,303
21,532
16,282
13,458
13,350
13,232
14,008
16,522
16,918
15,350
15,709
15,852
10,633
1975
 
76
..............................
17,414
22,902
17,209
14,174
14,430
13,579
15,761
17,661
18,121
16,339
16,784
16,946
11,378
1976
 
77
..............................
18,378
24,029
18,055
14,851
12,085
14,147
17,253
18,620
19,091
17,235
17,736
17,891
12,193
1977
 
78
..............................
19,575
25,370
19,133
15,726
12,729
15,181
18,459
19,867
20,347
18,479
18,783
18,935
12,759
1978
 
79
..............................
20,777
26,727
20,221
16,602
13,441
15,927
19,400
21,080
21,628
19,475
19,935
20,086
13,048
1979
 
80
..............................
22,394
28,672
21,651
17,720
14,323
16,932
20,901
22,789
23,350
21,131
21,317
21,472
13,938
1980
 
81
..............................
24,499
31,082
23,451
19,227
15,545
18,281
23,170
24,873
25,509
22,965
23,493
23,669
16,075
1981
 
82
..............................
26,796
33,799
25,553
21,025
16,906
19,721
25,276
27,149
27,864
25,085
25,849
26,037
16,834
1982
 
83
..............................
28,664
35,956
27,262
22,586
18,160
21,225
26,541
28,851
29,661
26,524
28,159
28,380
17,346
1984
 
85
..............................
32,182
40,269
30,392
25,330
21,159
23,557
28,670
32,240
33,344
28,891
32,028
32,278
19,460
1985
 
86
..............................
34,294
42,833
32,273
27,094
21,693
25,238
30,267
34,528
35,786
30,758
33,656
33,900
20,412
1987
 
88
..............................
38,112
47,735
35,823
30,086
23,645
27,652
32,747
38,314
39,898
33,477
37,603
37,817
22,641
1989
 
90
..............................
42,763
53,650
40,131
33,781
25,933
31,162
35,980
42,959
44,834
37,081
42,312
42,595
25,218
1990
 
91
..............................
45,065
56,549
42,239
35,636
27,388
32,398
38,036
45,084
47,168
38,787
45,019
45,319
25,937
1991
 
92
..............................
46,848
58,494
43,814
36,969
33,359
32,843
39,422
46,483
48,401
40,811
47,733
48,042
26,825
1992
 
93
..............................
47,866
59,972
44,855
37,842
29,583
32,512
39,365
47,175
49,392
40,725
49,518
49,837
27,402
1993
 
94
..............................
49,579
61,857
46,229
38,794
29,815
34,796
42,251
48,956
50,989
42,938
51,076
51,397
30,783
1994
 
95
..............................
51,228
64,046
47,705
39,923
30,528
35,082
43,103
50,629
52,874
44,020
52,653
53,036
29,639
1995
 
96
..............................
52,814
65,949
49,037
40,858
30,940
36,135
44,624
52,163
54,448
45,209
54,364
54,649
33,301
1996
 
97
..............................
54,465
68,214
50,457
41,864
31,738
36,932
45,688
53,737
56,162
46,393
56,185
56,453
34,736
1997
 
98
..............................
56,115
70,468
52,041
43,017
33,070
37,481
46,822
55,191
57,744
47,690
58,293
58,576
36,157
1998
 
99
..............................
58,048
73,260
53,830
44,650
34,741
38,976
47,610
57,038
59,805
48,961
60,392
60,641
38,040
Women
1972
 
73
..............................
11,925
17,123
13,827
11,510
10,098
10,775
11,913
12,250
12,300
12,165
11,044
11,219
8,888
1974
 
75
..............................
13,471
19,012
15,481
12,858
11,740
11,543
12,619
13,892
13,831
13,987
12,233
12,423
9,735
1975
 
76
..............................
14,308
20,308
16,364
13,522
12,572
11,901
14,094
14,762
14,758
14,769
13,030
13,231
10,201
1976
 
77
..............................
15,100
21,536
17,189
14,225
11,589
12,397
15,467
15,573
15,539
15,628
13,709
13,899
10,850
1977
 
78
..............................
16,159
22,943
18,325
15,109
12,288
13,688
16,637
16,684
16,619
16,785
14,597
14,799
11,470
1978
 
79
..............................
17,080
24,143
19,300
15,914
12,966
14,465
17,482
17,646
17,627
17,676
15,388
15,611
11,898
1979
 
80
..............................
18,396
25,910
20,642
16,974
13,750
15,142
19,069
19,042
18,985
19,134
16,539
16,787
12,541
1980
 
81
..............................
19,996
27,959
22,295
18,302
14,854
16,168
20,843
20,673
20,608
20,778
18,073
18,326
13,892
1981
 
82
..............................
21,802
30,438
24,271
19,866
16,054
17,676
22,672
22,524
22,454
22,632
19,743
20,024
14,984
1982
 
83
..............................
23,261
32,221
25,738
21,130
17,102
18,830
23,855
23,892
23,876
23,917
21,451
21,785
15,845
1984
 
85
..............................
25,941
35,824
28,517
23,575
19,362
21,004
26,050
26,566
26,813
26,172
24,186
24,560
17,575
1985
 
86
..............................
27,576
38,252
30,300
24,966
20,237
22,273
27,171
28,299
28,680
27,693
25,523
25,889
18,504
1987
 
88
..............................
30,499
42,371
33,528
27,600
21,962
24,370
29,605
31,215
31,820
30,228
28,621
28,946
21,215
1989
 
90
..............................
34,183
47,663
37,469
31,090
24,320
26,995
32,528
34,796
35,704
33,307
32,650
33,010
24,002
1990
 
91
..............................
35,881
49,728
39,329
32,724
25,534
28,111
34,179
36,459
37,573
34,720
34,359
34,898
22,585
1991
 
92
..............................
37,534
51,621
40,766
34,063
28,873
28,550
35,622
37,800
38,634
36,517
36,828
37,309
24,683
1992
 
93
..............................
38,385
52,755
41,861
35,032
27,700
28,922
35,792
38,356
39,470
36,710
38,460
38,987
25,068
1993
 
94
..............................
40,058
54,746
43,178
36,169
28,136
31,048
38,474
40,118
41,031
38,707
39,902
40,378
26,142
1994
 
95
..............................
41,369
56,555
44,626
37,352
29,072
31,677
38,967
41,548
42,663
39,812
40,908
41,815
22,851
1995
 
96
..............................
42,871
58,318
45,803
38,345
29,940
32,584
41,085
42,871
43,986
41,086
42,871
43,236
30,671
1996
 
97
..............................
44,325
60,160
47,101
39,350
30,819
33,415
42,474
44,306
45,402
42,531
44,374
44,726
30,661
1997
 
98
..............................
45,775
61,965
48,597
40,504
32,011
33,918
43,491
45,648
46,709
43,943
46,106
46,466
30,995
1998
 
99
..............................
47,421
64,236
50,347
41,894
33,152
35,115
44,723
47,247
48,355
45,457
47,874
48,204
31,524
283
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
237.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
control
and
type
of
institution:
1970
 
71
to
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Academic
year
and
sex
All
faculty
Academic
rank
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Instructor
Lecturer
No
rank
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Constant
1998
 
99
dollars
Total
1970
 
71
..............................
52,643
74,381
56,180
46,291
38,768
46,374
51,084
53,653
54,349
52,372
48,124
48,976
35,887
1972
 
73
..............................
53,259
73,763
56,042
46,246
41,269
44,728
48,723
53,873
55,414
49,656
51,706
52,358
35,702
1974
 
75
..............................
49,630
67,596
51,296
42,237
40,317
39,952
42,991
50,447
51,694
47,329
47,374
47,947
32,538
1975
 
76
..............................
49,425
67,199
50,632
41,496
40,566
38,291
45,086
50,266
51,625
46,937
47,236
47,817
32,342
1976
 
77
..............................
49,230
66,701
50,196
41,106
33,179
37,654
46,632
50,027
51,341
46,776
47,061
47,594
32,624
1977
 
78
..............................
49,149
66,028
49,881
40,799
32,848
38,165
46,844
50,033
51,273
47,011
46,692
47,197
32,026
1978
 
79
..............................
47,610
63,584
48,155
39,333
31,690
36,705
44,978
48,471
49,776
45,264
45,176
45,662
30,016
1979
 
80
..............................
45,247
60,169
45,465
37,017
29,721
34,169
42,944
46,201
47,368
43,299
42,611
43,063
28,083
1980
 
81
..............................
44,262
58,415
44,094
35,902
28,830
32,863
42,423
45,103
46,296
42,125
41,965
42,406
28,616
1981
 
82
..............................
44,496
58,463
44,197
36,032
28,762
32,794
42,541
45,260
46,493
42,300
42,409
42,853
27,845
1982
 
83
..............................
45,592
59,580
45,131
36,975
29,507
33,649
42,845
46,082
47,431
42,861
44,246
44,746
27,820
1984
 
85
..............................
47,366
61,828
46,586
38,376
31,472
34,745
43,067
47,676
49,415
43,348
46,531
47,055
28,796
1985
 
86
..............................
48,980
63,913
48,065
39,733
31,630
35,943
43,984
49,521
51,461
44,743
47,483
47,982
29,389
1987
 
88
..............................
50,988
66,816
50,042
41,348
32,282
36,897
44,788
51,463
53,748
45,750
49,784
50,205
31,060
1989
 
90
..............................
52,007
68,434
51,047
42,361
32,435
37,567
44,783
52,373
54,899
46,024
51,139
51,598
31,880
1990
 
91
..............................
51,808
68,241
50,884
42,309
32,354
36,980
44,718
51,995
54,689
45,529
51,344
51,880
29,597
1991
 
92
..............................
52,207
68,376
51,108
42,556
36,806
36,259
44,983
51,956
54,333
46,383
52,831
53,327
30,565
1992
 
93
..............................
51,621
67,869
50,733
42,283
32,902
35,261
43,605
51,024
53,700
44,949
53,089
53,599
30,138
1993
 
94
..............................
52,175
68,250
50,952
42,346
32,441
36,830
45,670
51,675
54,037
46,183
53,414
53,880
31,999
1994
 
95
..............................
52,304
68,601
51,103
42,398
32,452
36,318
45,101
51,889
54,412
46,057
53,321
54,019
28,020
1995
 
96
..............................
52,514
68,735
51,084
42,277
32,317
36,354
45,790
52,011
54,498
46,109
53,746
54,122
33,989
1996
 
97
..............................
52,632
69,023
51,056
42,129
32,299
36,201
45,767
52,086
54,587
46,165
53,960
54,303
33,785
1997
 
98
..............................
53,241
69,921
51,708
42,554
33,011
36,098
46,051
52,532
55,051
46,714
54,975
55,321
34,173
1998
 
99
..............................
54,097
71,322
52,576
43,348
33,819
36,819
46,250
53,319
55,948
47,285
55,981
56,284
34,821
Men
1972
 
73
..............................
55,435
74,623
56,592
46,867
42,847
46,530
50,149
55,908
57,440
50,999
54,257
54,785
36,788
1974
 
75
..............................
51,793
68,406
51,727
42,757
42,412
42,037
44,502
52,490
53,748
48,767
49,908
50,360
33,781
1975
 
76
..............................
51,666
67,949
51,057
42,055
42,813
40,288
46,762
52,400
53,763
48,479
49,798
50,277
33,757
1976
 
77
..............................
51,522
67,364
50,618
41,636
33,881
39,660
48,369
52,200
53,521
48,318
49,721
50,157
34,183
1977
 
78
..............................
51,426
66,649
50,264
41,314
33,441
39,881
48,493
52,192
53,452
48,546
49,345
49,743
33,518
1978
 
79
..............................
49,907
64,201
48,572
39,879
32,285
38,259
46,599
50,637
51,953
46,781
47,885
48,248
31,342
1979
 
80
..............................
47,463
60,770
45,889
37,557
30,358
35,886
44,299
48,301
49,490
44,786
45,182
45,509
29,542
1980
 
81
..............................
46,535
59,039
44,545
36,521
29,527
34,724
44,011
47,246
48,454
43,621
44,624
44,959
30,534
1981
 
82
..............................
46,851
59,095
44,678
36,761
29,559
34,481
44,194
47,468
48,718
43,860
45,195
45,524
29,433
1982
 
83
..............................
48,053
60,278
45,703
37,864
30,444
35,582
44,494
48,367
49,725
44,466
47,207
47,577
29,079
1984
 
85
..............................
50,066
62,647
47,281
39,406
32,917
36,648
44,602
50,156
51,873
44,946
49,826
50,215
30,274
1985
 
86
..............................
51,856
64,768
48,800
40,969
32,802
38,162
45,767
52,210
54,112
46,509
50,891
51,260
30,865
1987
 
88
..............................
54,134
67,802
50,883
42,735
33,585
39,277
46,514
54,421
56,671
47,551
53,411
53,715
32,159
1989
 
90
..............................
55,415
69,523
52,004
43,775
33,605
40,381
46,625
55,668
58,099
48,052
54,831
55,197
32,680
1990
 
91
..............................
55,371
69,481
51,898
43,785
33,652
39,807
46,734
55,395
57,954
47,657
55,315
55,683
31,868
1991
 
92
..............................
55,774
69,639
52,162
44,012
39,715
39,101
46,933
55,340
57,623
48,588
56,828
57,196
31,936
1992
 
93
..............................
55,260
69,236
51,785
43,688
34,153
37,535
45,446
54,462
57,023
47,016
57,168
57,536
31,634
1993
 
94
..............................
55,792
69,609
52,023
43,656
33,552
39,157
47,546
55,091
57,379
48,319
57,478
57,839
34,641
1994
 
95
..............................
56,042
70,065
52,188
43,674
33,397
38,379
47,154
55,387
57,842
48,157
57,601
58,020
32,425
1995
 
96
..............................
56,247
70,236
52,225
43,513
32,951
38,484
47,525
55,553
57,987
48,147
57,897
58,201
35,466
1996
 
97
..............................
56,396
70,632
52,246
43,349
32,863
38,241
47,308
55,642
58,153
48,037
58,177
58,454
35,967
1997
 
98
..............................
57,087
71,688
52,942
43,761
33,643
38,130
47,632
56,147
58,744
48,516
59,302
59,591
36,783
1998
 
99
..............................
58,048
73,260
53,830
44,650
34,741
38,976
47,610
57,038
59,805
48,961
60,392
60,641
38,040
Women
1972
 
73
..............................
45,835
65,815
53,146
44,240
38,815
41,415
45,792
47,087
47,278
46,757
42,450
43,122
34,161
1974
 
75
..............................
42,796
60,400
49,184
40,849
37,299
36,671
40,089
44,133
43,941
44,436
38,865
39,468
30,928
1975
 
76
..............................
42,450
60,253
48,551
40,119
37,300
35,308
41,816
43,800
43,788
43,819
38,661
39,255
30,265
1976
 
77
..............................
42,331
60,375
48,190
39,880
32,489
34,754
43,360
43,659
43,562
43,812
38,432
38,967
30,417
1977
 
78
..............................
42,450
60,273
48,141
39,693
32,281
35,960
43,708
43,830
43,660
44,096
38,348
38,879
30,134
1978
 
79
..............................
41,028
57,993
46,361
38,226
31,145
34,745
41,994
42,387
42,342
42,458
36,963
37,500
28,579
1979
 
80
..............................
38,990
54,917
43,750
35,976
29,144
32,094
40,417
40,359
40,238
40,555
35,054
35,580
26,579
1980
 
81
..............................
37,982
53,107
42,349
34,764
28,215
30,711
39,591
39,268
39,144
39,467
34,329
34,810
26,388
1981
 
82
..............................
38,119
53,219
42,436
34,734
28,069
30,905
39,641
39,381
39,259
39,571
34,519
35,010
26,199
1982
 
83
..............................
38,996
54,016
43,148
35,423
28,670
31,567
39,991
40,053
40,027
40,095
35,961
36,521
26,563
1984
 
85
..............................
40,356
55,731
44,364
36,676
30,122
32,676
40,526
41,329
41,713
40,716
37,626
38,208
27,341
1985
 
86
..............................
41,698
57,841
45,817
37,751
30,600
33,679
41,085
42,791
43,367
41,875
38,593
39,147
27,980
1987
 
88
..............................
43,321
60,184
47,623
39,203
31,195
34,615
42,051
44,338
45,197
42,936
40,653
41,115
30,134
1989
 
90
..............................
44,296
61,764
48,554
40,288
31,515
34,982
42,152
45,091
46,268
43,161
42,309
42,776
31,103
1990
 
91
..............................
44,086
61,101
48,324
40,208
31,373
34,540
41,995
44,797
46,166
42,660
42,216
42,879
27,750
1991
 
92
..............................
44,685
61,457
48,533
40,553
34,375
33,989
42,410
45,002
45,995
43,475
43,845
44,418
29,386
1992
 
93
..............................
44,314
60,905
48,327
40,444
31,980
33,390
41,321
44,281
45,567
42,381
44,401
45,009
28,940
1993
 
94
..............................
45,079
61,607
48,589
40,702
31,662
34,939
43,296
45,146
46,173
43,558
44,903
45,438
29,418
1994
 
95
..............................
45,257
61,869
48,820
40,862
31,804
34,653
42,629
45,452
46,672
43,553
44,752
45,744
24,999
1995
 
96
..............................
45,657
62,108
48,780
40,838
31,886
34,702
43,755
45,657
46,845
43,757
45,658
46,046
32,665
1996
 
97
..............................
45,896
62,293
48,771
40,745
31,912
34,600
43,980
45,876
47,012
44,039
45,947
46,312
31,748
1997
 
98
..............................
46,567
63,038
49,439
41,205
32,565
34,505
44,244
46,438
47,517
44,704
46,904
47,271
31,532
1998
 
99
..............................
47,421
64,236
50,347
41,894
33,152
35,115
44,723
47,247
48,355
45,457
47,874
48,204
31,524
NOTE:
Data
for
1970
 
71
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Constant
dollar
data
adjusted
by
the
Consumer
Price
Index
prepared
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
averaged
on
an
academic
year
time
frame.
Data
for
1987
 
88
and
later
years
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
Faculty
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits,
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty''
surveys
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
284
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
238.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1998
 
99
Academic
year,
control,
and
type
of
institution
All
faculty
Academic
rank
Sex
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Instructor
Lecturer
No
academic
rank
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1980
 
81
All
institutions
......................................
$
23,302
$
30,753
$
23,214
$
18,901
$
15,178
$
17,301
$
22,334
$
24,499
$
19,996
4­
year
.............................................
23,693
31,016
23,265
18,867
15,056
17,375
17,380
24,909
19,809
University
....................................
25,949
33,622
24,392
19,684
15,530
17,327
17,856
27,206
20,736
Other
4­
year
................................
22,230
28,798
22,558
18,398
14,887
17,425
17,334
23,271
19,372
2­
year
.............................................
21,898
26,528
22,750
19,166
15,621
16,222
22,615
22,736
20,434
Public
institutions
................................
23,745
31,077
23,772
19,431
15,613
17,620
22,820
24,873
20,673
4­
year
.............................................
24,373
31,442
23,898
19,442
15,486
17,712
19,240
25,509
20,608
University
....................................
25,571
32,945
24,268
19,637
15,305
17,426
17,358
26,788
20,564
Other
4­
year
................................
23,500
30,097
23,639
19,315
15,567
17,997
19,798
24,499
20,633
2­
year
.............................................
22,177
26,880
22,947
19,370
15,928
16,458
22,875
22,965
20,778
Private
institutions
...............................
22,093
29,994
21,833
17,767
14,192
15,899
15,946
23,493
18,073
4­
year
.............................................
22,325
30,089
21,887
17,816
14,316
15,971
16,706
23,669
18,326
University
....................................
26,897
35,227
24,730
19,792
16,197
16,956
18,933
28,251
21,176
Other
4­
year
................................
19,996
26,173
20,502
16,939
13,905
14,741
16,617
21,040
17,342
2­
year
.............................................
15,065
18,645
17,685
14,663
12,155
12,441
14,993
16,075
13,892
1990
 
91
All
institutions
......................................
42,165
55,540
41,414
34,434
26,332
30,097
36,395
45,065
35,881
4­
year
.............................................
43,693
56,485
41,811
34,657
25,772
30,209
31,494
46,519
36,574
University
....................................
49,430
63,437
44,877
37,838
27,105
31,748
31,533
52,426
39,788
Other
4­
year
................................
40,313
51,467
39,994
33,020
25,370
29,009
31,488
42,660
35,135
2­
year
.............................................
36,642
44,916
37,650
32,253
27,933
28,048
36,752
38,465
34,224
Public
institutions
................................
42,317
55,371
42,101
35,137
26,907
29,881
36,990
45,084
36,459
4­
year
.............................................
44,510
56,668
42,742
35,520
26,134
29,956
32,349
47,168
37,573
University
....................................
47,499
60,536
43,851
36,889
25,647
30,429
30,412
50,405
38,363
Other
4­
year
................................
42,499
53,704
41,969
34,680
26,316
29,664
33,507
44,804
37,147
2­
year
.............................................
37,055
45,411
38,051
32,673
28,389
28,780
37,096
38,787
34,720
Private
institutions
...............................
41,788
55,911
39,983
33,116
24,928
30,864
28,523
45,019
34,359
4­
year
.............................................
42,224
56,127
40,122
33,235
25,159
31,053
31,122
45,319
34,898
University
....................................
53,875
69,732
47,405
40,013
31,239
34,444
36,211
56,989
43,273
Other
4­
year
................................
36,888
47,405
36,965
30,688
23,973
25,416
30,915
39,162
32,251
2­
year
.............................................
24,088
29,520
26,353
24,587
20,911
 
23,187
25,937
22,585
1995
 
96
All
institutions
......................................
49,309
64,540
47,966
39,696
30,344
34,136
42,996
52,814
42,871
4­
year
.............................................
51,044
65,866
48,432
39,991
29,941
34,082
35,657
54,520
43,702
University
....................................
58,173
74,650
51,993
43,838
30,689
35,272
36,818
61,972
48,011
Other
4­
year
................................
46,946
59,599
46,356
38,179
29,718
33,140
35,470
49,726
41,773
2­
year
.............................................
43,009
51,454
43,107
36,927
31,421
35,165
43,537
44,944
40,791
Public
institutions
................................
48,837
63,189
48,122
40,092
30,581
33,634
43,590
52,163
42,871
4­
year
.............................................
51,172
64,946
48,815
40,562
29,907
33,525
36,829
54,448
43,986
University
....................................
55,068
69,924
50,186
42,335
29,186
34,139
35,532
58,648
45,676
Other
4­
year
................................
48,566
61,076
47,850
39,544
30,178
33,134
37,266
51,375
43,063
2­
year
.............................................
43,295
51,679
43,389
37,241
31,805
35,244
43,754
45,209
41,086
Private
institutions
...............................
50,466
67,457
47,654
38,964
29,701
35,792
34,599
54,364
42,871
4­
year
.............................................
50,819
67,598
47,760
39,071
30,002
35,810
35,098
54,649
43,236
University
....................................
65,405
84,970
56,517
47,387
35,782
37,516
38,649
69,579
53,717
Other
4­
year
................................
44,504
57,089
44,186
36,325
28,993
33,170
34,771
47,126
39,982
2­
year
.............................................
31,915
37,929
33,283
29,887
23,895
 
33,410
33,301
30,671
1998
 
99
All
institutions
......................................
54,097
71,322
52,576
43,348
33,819
36,819
46,250
58,048
47,421
4­
year
.............................................
56,072
73,287
53,194
43,638
32,752
36,719
37,556
60,109
48,298
University
....................................
64,889
84,205
57,741
48,461
33,795
38,571
42,988
69,420
53,871
Other
4­
year
................................
51,035
65,433
50,558
41,448
32,431
35,162
36,882
54,122
45,795
2­
year
.............................................
47,050
56,163
46,538
40,606
36,472
39,221
47,040
48,762
45,186
Public
institutions
................................
53,319
69,369
52,694
43,593
34,083
36,113
47,009
57,038
47,247
4­
year
.............................................
55,948
71,969
53,641
44,054
32,517
35,941
38,982
59,805
48,355
University
....................................
61,148
78,637
55,839
46,476
31,987
37,010
39,382
65,403
51,130
Other
4­
year
................................
52,520
66,779
52,106
42,731
32,718
35,185
38,893
55,743
46,850
2­
year
.............................................
47,285
56,361
46,757
40,846
36,715
39,221
47,251
48,961
45,457
Private
institutions
...............................
55,981
75,510
52,342
42,897
33,023
39,074
36,844
60,392
47,874
4­
year
.............................................
56,284
75,649
52,431
42,977
33,209
39,074
36,867
60,641
48,204
University
....................................
73,212
95,596
62,324
52,971
39,853
41,912
47,167
78,092
60,444
Other
4­
year
................................
48,828
63,230
48,360
39,694
31,952
35,062
36,023
51,631
44,309
2­
year
.............................................
34,821
36,088
34,571
31,227
26,227
 
36,773
38,040
31,524
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
Faculty
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits,
1980
 
81;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty''
surveys
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
285
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
239.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
................................
$
54,097
$
53,319
$
55,948
$
61,148
$
52,520
$
47,285
$
55,981
$
56,284
$
73,212
$
48,828
$
34,821
Alabama
............................................
46,218
47,344
49,326
53,630
46,411
42,277
40,350
40,657
 
40,657
27,057
Alaska
................................................
51,550
52,457
52,387
53,525
51,689
60,021
39,696
39,696
 
39,696
 
Arizona
..............................................
56,067
56,551
59,163
62,358
50,071
51,576
45,043
45,043
 
45,043
 
Arkansas
............................................
42,162
42,590
45,677
52,733
43,618
33,823
39,889
40,076
 
40,076
24,607
California
...........................................
63,778
63,587
67,699
85,636
64,219
58,849
64,571
64,910
81,278
56,213
29,299
Colorado
............................................
52,188
51,717
54,947
62,577
48,783
38,583
55,702
55,702
58,577
52,209
 
Connecticut
........................................
64,224
62,669
65,792
72,951
59,113
53,217
65,909
66,313
86,741
58,154
33,696
Delaware
...........................................
61,136
61,598
64,831
67,485
50,570
45,627
56,410
56,613
 
56,613
 
District
of
Columbia
...........................
63,779
52,805
52,805
 
52,805
 
64,265
64,265
65,609
51,478
 
Florida
................................................
50,200
50,258
55,144
60,808
52,084
43,396
49,999
50,453
63,525
46,389
23,719
Georgia
..............................................
52,220
53,091
55,215
63,076
53,344
41,610
49,830
50,498
75,900
43,605
31,644
Hawaii
................................................
56,044
55,796
61,130
63,250
49,444
47,317
58,741
58,741
 
58,741
 
Idaho
..................................................
46,465
46,267
47,551
51,998
45,625
38,898
47,101
40,666
 
40,666
49,693
Illinois
.................................................
56,469
54,514
55,145
60,625
50,700
53,455
59,738
59,993
79,645
47,485
33,104
Indiana
...............................................
51,806
51,216
53,859
56,862
47,792
36,309
53,082
53,306
77,764
45,941
33,106
Iowa
...................................................
50,484
54,050
61,341
65,001
51,530
38,334
44,383
44,448
54,559
43,137
34,531
Kansas
...............................................
44,649
46,488
50,404
53,397
43,653
38,010
33,255
33,711
 
33,711
26,555
Kentucky
............................................
46,413
48,115
50,558
57,391
46,558
39,277
40,259
40,263
 
40,263
 
Louisiana
...........................................
45,705
43,820
44,885
51,840
42,931
35,248
54,570
54,587
62,655
42,468
 
Maine
.................................................
49,498
47,035
48,854
53,165
46,692
39,923
53,994
54,507
 
54,507
27,158
Maryland
............................................
53,934
52,998
55,601
63,448
51,727
48,510
56,961
56,993
72,617
47,949
 
Massachusetts
...................................
63,234
53,669
58,587
67,123
55,214
42,328
68,540
68,826
78,640
57,967
37,463
Michigan
............................................
57,615
59,965
60,380
68,357
53,846
58,510
45,281
45,418
47,720
45,164
19,927
Minnesota
..........................................
52,028
53,877
58,742
73,577
51,360
46,683
47,603
47,750
 
47,750
36,428
Mississippi
.........................................
42,825
43,385
46,751
49,513
44,830
39,111
38,274
39,200
 
39,200
26,342
Missouri
.............................................
50,085
50,103
52,349
62,290
50,395
42,663
50,048
50,310
67,678
40,549
36,037
Montana
.............................................
43,944
45,356
47,495
49,599
42,666
33,076
34,696
35,018
 
35,018
30,229
Nebraska
...........................................
46,759
47,970
51,091
57,362
46,505
35,422
43,056
43,056
50,745
38,903
 
Nevada
..............................................
55,113
55,225
60,922
64,471
58,549
45,947
41,846
41,846
 
41,846
 
New
Hampshire
.................................
53,286
50,444
53,947
56,659
49,188
36,564
56,906
57,098
 
57,098
22,090
New
Jersey
........................................
64,922
64,535
67,421
75,264
64,702
57,458
65,906
66,045
80,498
55,135
28,075
New
Mexico
.......................................
44,875
45,471
49,698
52,504
42,256
34,600
36,096
36,096
 
36,096
 
New
York
...........................................
59,685
57,451
59,098
65,973
58,060
54,233
61,872
62,075
73,688
53,748
31,081
North
Carolina
...................................
51,400
51,219
55,004
66,700
50,322
32,583
51,799
51,997
77,202
40,308
34,897
North
Dakota
.....................................
38,976
39,510
41,138
42,630
37,965
34,371
35,039
36,790
 
36,790
26,407
Ohio
...................................................
53,428
55,065
57,813
59,392
52,392
45,647
49,698
49,904
72,237
47,517
26,555
Oklahoma
..........................................
44,874
45,604
48,335
54,229
43,078
37,556
41,963
42,226
51,960
38,088
27,245
Oregon
...............................................
47,893
47,643
49,749
53,007
46,201
45,347
48,753
48,753
 
48,753
 
Pennsylvania
.....................................
58,161
58,891
60,193
66,162
56,836
51,526
57,301
57,801
79,156
51,373
31,663
Rhode
Island
.....................................
58,374
55,762
59,241
63,882
51,431
44,984
60,306
60,306
 
60,306
 
South
Carolina
...................................
44,912
45,946
51,342
58,003
44,366
35,014
40,412
40,539
 
40,539
33,262
South
Dakota
.....................................
39,571
40,351
41,875
42,719
40,704
32,918
36,115
36,115
 
36,115
 
Tennessee
.........................................
46,762
46,269
49,539
58,882
46,556
36,502
47,850
48,019
72,519
39,152
24,849
Texas
.................................................
49,071
47,955
51,630
58,338
46,133
41,321
53,879
54,231
64,320
46,301
26,217
Utah
...................................................
50,154
47,660
50,137
54,425
43,215
38,144
56,417
56,598
57,711
43,290
41,565
Vermont
.............................................
47,936
49,775
49,775
53,548
40,246
.
46,223
47,587
 
47,587
24,371
Virginia
...............................................
52,758
54,015
57,557
62,616
54,489
42,389
48,634
48,725
 
48,725
30,800
Washington
........................................
48,513
48,321
53,990
58,082
47,205
41,117
49,294
49,294
 
49,294
 
West
Virginia
.....................................
43,783
45,016
45,577
52,958
42,183
37,307
37,386
37,386
 
37,386
 
Wisconsin
..........................................
52,648
54,209
55,801
69,211
51,071
51,871
45,953
45,953
57,323
42,648
 
Wyoming
............................................
41,039
41,039
48,243
48,243
 
33,820
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
........................
65,759
65,759
65,759
 
65,759
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
..............................
39,861
41,175
42,079
40,338
43,022
31,434
24,929
25,203
 
25,203
15,456
American
Samoa
...............................
25,265
25,265
 
 
 
25,265
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
........
17,106
17,106
 
 
 
17,106
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
.................................................
50,166
50,166
52,506
 
52,506
45,790
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
................................
14,924
14,924
 
 
 
14,924
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
.............................
35,175
35,175
 
 
 
35,175
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
.................................................
16,781
16,781
 
 
 
16,781
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
........................................
39,670
41,188
41,263
40,338
41,836
36,759
24,929
25,203
 
25,203
15,456
Virgin
Islands
.....................................
49,421
49,421
49,421
 
49,421
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty,
1998
 
99''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
286
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
240.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1997
 
98
State
or
other
area
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
Total
University
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
................................
$
52,335
$
51,638
$
54,114
$
58,773
$
51,017
$
45,919
$
54,039
$
54,379
$
70,021
$
47,492
$
33,592
Alabama
............................................
42,623
43,321
45,377
49,640
42,676
37,964
38,827
39,141
 
39,141
26,259
Alaska
................................................
50,323
51,080
50,979
51,729
50,548
61,909
38,960
38,960
 
38,960
 
Arizona
..............................................
54,270
54,622
56,693
59,949
47,884
50,539
46,480
46,480
 
46,480
 
Arkansas
............................................
40,769
41,319
44,311
50,511
42,346
33,305
37,902
38,428
 
38,428
19,172
California
...........................................
61,451
61,092
65,009
76,814
62,749
56,462
62,950
63,394
77,937
55,400
34,044
Colorado
............................................
51,259
50,854
53,655
60,326
48,310
37,875
54,239
54,239
56,862
50,940
 
Connecticut
........................................
62,828
61,529
64,812
71,779
58,398
50,780
64,184
64,819
83,506
57,162
36,365
Delaware
...........................................
59,204
59,493
62,507
64,878
49,356
44,156
56,224
56,224
 
56,224
 
District
of
Columbia
...........................
60,982
48,708
48,708
 
48,708
 
61,204
61,204
62,738
47,621
 
Florida
................................................
48,972
49,007
53,761
59,093
50,716
42,521
48,846
48,962
61,729
44,824
26,826
Georgia
..............................................
49,710
50,240
52,247
59,098
50,629
39,390
48,212
48,839
73,022
41,979
30,670
Hawaii
................................................
53,447
53,820
58,800
60,469
49,087
45,628
49,215
49,215
 
49,215
 
Idaho
..................................................
44,230
44,099
45,186
48,792
43,521
37,556
44,649
40,158
 
40,158
46,442
Illinois
.................................................
54,478
52,751
53,317
58,419
49,033
51,793
57,469
57,932
76,217
46,017
30,220
Indiana
...............................................
50,061
49,714
52,079
54,908
46,364
35,913
50,791
51,015
74,134
44,255
31,565
Iowa
...................................................
48,638
52,612
59,685
63,119
50,611
37,460
42,146
42,213
54,529
40,625
33,957
Kansas
...............................................
43,207
44,929
48,862
51,657
42,434
36,453
32,650
33,026
 
33,026
25,775
Kentucky
............................................
44,994
46,724
49,378
56,089
45,329
36,621
38,698
38,698
 
38,698
 
Louisiana
...........................................
45,204
43,710
44,864
52,295
42,882
34,621
52,441
52,441
60,570
40,559
 
Maine
.................................................
45,794
44,739
46,803
50,678
44,760
36,246
48,261
49,054
 
49,054
28,260
Maryland
............................................
52,254
51,304
53,797
61,153
50,058
46,934
55,407
55,547
73,847
46,727
29,660
Massachusetts
...................................
61,423
53,760
58,931
67,850
55,353
42,039
65,808
66,058
75,173
56,087
36,327
Michigan
............................................
55,658
57,810
58,474
65,529
52,609
55,608
44,341
44,443
48,873
43,862
23,762
Minnesota
..........................................
49,488
50,790
55,260
69,602
48,119
44,529
46,282
46,414
 
46,414
34,368
Mississippi
.........................................
41,264
41,785
44,522
46,464
43,196
38,308
37,110
37,983
 
37,983
24,727
Missouri
.............................................
48,490
48,769
50,960
60,339
49,082
41,499
47,933
48,113
62,513
39,425
37,117
Montana
.............................................
42,084
43,432
45,397
47,069
41,586
31,582
34,423
35,034
 
35,034
26,681
Nebraska
...........................................
45,754
47,032
49,951
56,256
45,519
35,029
41,807
41,807
49,239
37,939
 
Nevada
..............................................
53,588
53,691
57,537
61,035
55,155
46,323
41,051
41,051
 
41,051
 
New
Hampshire
.................................
52,273
50,446
54,045
57,663
47,845
35,625
54,665
54,837
 
54,837
24,230
New
Jersey
........................................
62,568
62,227
64,640
71,636
62,282
56,444
63,452
63,562
77,377
53,213
25,982
New
Mexico
.......................................
42,969
43,438
47,260
49,889
40,165
33,094
35,906
35,906
 
35,906
 
New
York
...........................................
58,154
55,827
57,656
62,695
56,879
52,540
60,462
60,941
71,003
53,519
30,065
North
Carolina
...................................
48,984
50,569
53,669
64,304
49,311
32,128
45,390
45,661
63,229
38,817
32,267
North
Dakota
.....................................
38,427
39,041
40,545
41,985
37,479
33,459
33,808
35,373
 
35,373
25,258
Ohio
...................................................
51,884
53,463
56,303
58,064
50,299
43,966
48,314
48,594
69,821
46,344
30,879
Oklahoma
..........................................
43,955
44,258
46,754
52,236
42,014
37,045
42,738
43,071
52,615
38,804
25,253
Oregon
...............................................
46,591
46,068
47,695
50,810
44,203
44,265
48,442
48,442
 
48,442
 
Pennsylvania
.....................................
56,451
57,079
58,310
64,039
55,097
50,184
55,703
56,150
76,607
49,966
31,193
Rhode
Island
.....................................
56,456
53,656
57,006
61,573
48,958
43,329
58,551
58,551
 
58,551
 
South
Carolina
...................................
43,517
44,552
49,795
55,456
43,568
33,653
39,120
39,226
 
39,226
33,798
South
Dakota
.....................................
37,023
37,525
38,542
39,469
37,259
32,530
34,949
34,997
 
34,997
21,600
Tennessee
.........................................
46,137
45,912
49,133
56,213
46,817
36,041
46,643
46,834
71,518
37,660
23,839
Texas
.................................................
48,210
47,310
50,381
56,902
45,033
41,623
52,178
52,374
61,759
45,044
26,489
Utah
...................................................
47,627
45,497
47,528
51,042
41,768
37,374
52,976
53,167
54,229
41,006
39,487
Vermont
.............................................
46,908
47,448
47,448
51,399
37,650
 
46,437
47,819
 
47,819
20,206
Virginia
...............................................
50,471
51,537
54,927
59,725
51,906
40,629
46,936
47,037
 
47,037
28,793
Washington
........................................
47,637
47,531
52,971
57,031
46,255
40,565
48,061
48,061
 
48,061
 
West
Virginia
.....................................
42,345
43,302
43,865
51,374
40,406
35,588
37,106
37,106
 
37,106
 
Wisconsin
..........................................
50,831
52,301
53,713
65,964
49,398
50,263
44,739
44,739
56,315
41,446
 
Wyoming
............................................
40,186
40,186
46,941
46,941
 
33,458
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
........................
62,637
62,637
62,637
 
62,637
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
..............................
34,870
36,291
36,648
39,036
35,191
32,408
22,655
22,655
 
22,655
 
American
Samoa
...............................
33,096
33,096
 
 
 
33,096
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
........
18,928
18,928
 
 
 
18,928
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
.................................................
48,502
48,502
50,916
 
50,916
44,933
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall
Islands
................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
.............................
34,975
34,975
 
 
 
34,975
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
.................................................
16,262
16,262
 
 
 
16,262
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
........................................
34,026
35,601
35,601
39,036
33,182
 
22,655
22,655
 
22,655
 
Virgin
Islands
.....................................
44,762
44,762
44,762
 
44,762
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty,
1997
 
98''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1999.)
287
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
241.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
rank
of
faculty
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
Public
university
Public
other
4­
year
Private
university
Private
other
4­
year
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
..................................
$
78,637
$
55,839
$
46,476
$
66,779
$
52,106
$
42,731
$
95,596
$
62,324
$
52,971
$
63,230
$
48,360
$
39,694
Alabama
...............................................
71,567
51,562
43,397
60,460
48,014
41,318
 
 
 
52,810
40,107
34,503
Alaska
..................................................
68,756
55,412
43,896
65,201
52,181
42,862
 
 
 
46,654
42,529
36,291
Arizona
.................................................
78,547
56,117
48,026
67,418
53,819
42,859
 
 
 
61,911
51,373
41,553
Arkansas
..............................................
69,555
53,340
46,440
56,772
46,650
39,647
 
 
 
47,936
40,779
34,473
California
..............................................
103,358
67,872
57,388
74,556
57,255
46,297
101,888
68,635
58,445
71,945
52,973
44,013
Colorado
..............................................
76,149
55,837
47,212
60,649
48,928
40,787
74,594
57,094
45,183
65,979
48,356
41,284
Connecticut
..........................................
90,398
65,748
51,164
73,707
57,307
44,694
113,169
64,291
52,078
74,087
55,211
46,163
Delaware
..............................................
88,423
63,188
50,124
64,989
51,027
44,244
 
 
 
67,835
61,047
36,801
District
of
Columbia
.............................
 
 
 
59,425
47,126
38,997
86,405
59,186
48,726
70,273
51,330
42,885
Florida
..................................................
73,067
53,199
47,001
67,129
52,106
43,727
85,477
56,878
50,073
59,655
45,692
38,897
Georgia
................................................
82,548
56,674
49,458
71,227
55,292
44,926
101,472
64,160
53,272
57,524
45,323
37,708
Hawaii
..................................................
77,989
58,276
51,094
60,809
49,768
43,698
 
 
 
67,241
58,587
52,171
Idaho
....................................................
61,110
50,355
42,922
55,931
46,199
39,190
 
 
 
48,024
42,510
36,324
Illinois
...................................................
80,431
54,945
46,667
64,895
52,160
42,503
104,566
65,738
56,295
59,581
48,383
40,460
Indiana
.................................................
75,296
54,322
44,167
65,029
49,780
42,093
98,127
65,605
55,180
56,154
45,444
38,522
Iowa
.....................................................
81,970
58,432
47,742
67,960
52,503
43,742
68,565
49,397
40,587
54,051
42,350
36,358
Kansas
.................................................
66,870
49,729
43,700
56,306
45,718
37,525
 
 
 
39,714
34,976
30,337
Kentucky
..............................................
72,458
53,537
43,416
60,303
48,106
39,998
 
 
 
49,744
40,597
34,886
Louisiana
.............................................
70,923
50,877
44,509
57,253
45,281
38,388
79,617
54,650
49,388
51,838
44,970
38,478
Maine
...................................................
63,992
51,779
44,917
56,783
46,798
37,695
 
 
 
75,349
52,663
41,203
Maryland
..............................................
81,705
58,336
53,205
68,145
53,315
44,045
85,090
64,287
53,897
60,608
48,843
39,104
Massachusetts
.....................................
78,248
60,687
49,961
64,285
54,122
42,301
103,409
64,465
55,941
74,310
54,628
45,367
Michigan
..............................................
86,435
65,055
51,908
66,253
53,437
43,945
58,780
48,320
40,167
53,756
45,265
38,828
Minnesota
............................................
87,549
61,720
51,519
61,044
51,118
41,852
 
 
 
61,811
47,185
38,968
Mississippi
...........................................
67,274
52,625
43,471
58,000
47,314
39,704
 
 
 
50,859
40,024
34,401
Missouri
...............................................
77,695
58,601
48,423
64,681
51,287
40,867
86,931
57,125
52,538
50,636
42,325
36,444
Montana
...............................................
60,753
48,918
41,235
51,151
42,486
36,335
 
 
 
42,056
36,012
31,263
Nebraska
.............................................
76,027
53,715
46,232
58,024
49,342
39,175
78,076
50,783
38,022
47,342
39,659
34,690
Nevada
................................................
81,767
61,379
48,880
79,500
59,617
46,569
 
 
 
 
39,433
 
New
Hampshire
...................................
70,401
52,430
42,006
59,762
47,552
38,996
 
 
 
75,679
52,041
41,192
New
Jersey
..........................................
96,428
68,481
50,902
82,949
64,945
49,318
108,832
62,231
50,230
70,059
55,860
43,032
New
Mexico
.........................................
66,565
49,791
41,855
53,784
42,256
37,037
 
 
 
47,186
40,054
34,163
New
York
.............................................
82,963
59,452
48,043
72,349
56,040
45,289
94,717
64,741
54,252
71,345
54,415
43,377
North
Carolina
.....................................
85,053
60,720
51,779
65,026
51,477
43,604
98,523
67,070
53,671
49,522
40,806
35,489
North
Dakota
.......................................
53,303
43,782
39,383
46,948
40,632
35,412
 
 
 
43,455
38,085
34,468
Ohio
.....................................................
76,223
55,250
44,724
68,716
52,755
42,649
87,059
64,496
54,134
60,010
46,318
38,372
Oklahoma
............................................
70,992
50,663
42,296
52,990
45,572
39,956
70,232
49,534
40,993
48,664
40,272
34,005
Oregon
.................................................
66,972
50,899
45,028
56,668
44,532
38,634
 
 
 
62,451
46,773
38,219
Pennsylvania
.......................................
86,279
60,491
47,961
74,979
59,058
46,413
99,859
64,550
57,280
66,802
51,500
41,700
Rhode
Island
.......................................
73,388
55,432
45,386
58,038
49,749
42,369
 
 
 
77,338
55,162
46,076
South
Carolina
.....................................
73,584
54,764
44,936
54,889
45,786
38,659
 
 
 
51,872
40,265
34,359
South
Dakota
.......................................
53,712
44,005
37,703
53,368
42,776
36,749
 
 
 
44,435
39,144
32,573
Tennessee
...........................................
69,632
53,967
43,565
57,764
45,410
38,680
96,287
63,035
50,902
48,456
40,107
34,826
Texas
...................................................
77,755
52,560
45,412
59,372
47,640
40,876
84,942
58,410
50,604
60,130
44,935
36,738
Utah
.....................................................
69,675
50,484
42,897
52,131
43,372
37,988
71,189
53,663
46,123
51,208
42,933
38,385
Vermont
...............................................
68,759
52,259
42,646
47,491
38,535
32,075
 
 
 
59,418
45,476
40,710
Virginia
.................................................
81,111
58,706
48,124
69,692
53,566
43,440
 
 
 
63,135
47,473
38,399
Washington
..........................................
72,881
52,712
46,737
56,120
46,792
40,603
 
 
 
60,901
47,678
41,000
West
Virginia
.......................................
66,306
51,535
41,361
50,912
42,274
35,653
 
 
 
46,566
38,709
33,817
Wisconsin
............................................
78,147
59,437
52,605
60,706
49,604
42,334
72,912
56,371
45,682
53,258
42,690
37,320
Wyoming
..............................................
60,340
47,768
41,893
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
...........................
 
 
 
78,156
60,478
49,387
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
.................................
47,866
39,622
34,034
55,049
47,016
39,033
 
 
 
30,491
28,372
25,320
American
Samoa
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
...................................................
 
 
 
70,628
55,387
45,170
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
..........................................
47,866
39,622
34,034
53,636
45,908
38,221
 
 
 
30,491
28,372
25,320
Virgin
Islands
.......................................
 
 
 
62,192
48,917
40,808
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty,
1998
 
99''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
288
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
242.
 
Average
salary
of
full­
time
instructional
faculty
on
9­
month
contracts
in
4­
year
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution
and
rank
of
faculty
and
by
state:
1997
 
98
State
or
other
area
Public
university
Public
other
4­
year
Private
university
Private
other
4­
year
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
..................................
$
75,147
$
53,584
$
44,748
$
64,558
$
50,428
$
41,392
$
91,334
$
59,843
$
50,502
$
61,253
$
46,892
$
38,371
Alabama
...............................................
64,711
47,729
40,522
54,448
43,903
38,101
 
 
 
51,371
39,567
33,378
Alaska
..................................................
65,882
53,503
44,208
63,899
51,968
41,932
 
 
 
45,045
40,831
35,106
Arizona
.................................................
75,058
54,142
46,387
62,376
50,372
40,837
 
 
 
58,324
50,577
37,603
Arkansas
..............................................
66,834
50,759
42,575
54,871
44,359
37,940
 
 
 
46,381
39,066
32,816
California
..............................................
92,832
60,828
52,453
71,745
55,686
45,305
97,980
64,369
55,065
69,876
51,139
41,554
Colorado
..............................................
73,066
53,748
45,558
60,269
47,643
40,216
72,094
54,518
45,494
65,492
49,372
39,040
Connecticut
..........................................
88,039
64,494
49,993
72,359
56,524
43,803
108,550
61,245
50,047
71,389
53,343
45,366
Delaware
..............................................
85,429
60,734
48,716
63,822
51,108
42,849
 
 
 
70,267
59,855
36,272
District
of
Columbia
.............................
 
 
 
61,906
48,403
39,452
83,147
56,212
46,392
65,777
47,200
39,094
Florida
..................................................
71,222
51,080
45,749
65,169
49,928
42,620
81,941
55,466
48,466
58,266
43,813
37,118
Georgia
................................................
78,295
54,038
47,207
66,941
52,583
42,753
97,240
62,028
51,570
52,454
42,940
35,915
Hawaii
..................................................
75,306
56,761
49,059
58,993
48,184
42,484
 
 
 
55,689
51,716
42,401
Idaho
....................................................
57,905
46,709
41,602
52,596
43,390
37,661
 
 
 
49,240
40,771
35,783
Illinois
...................................................
76,915
52,677
45,262
62,096
49,883
41,317
99,283
62,959
54,537
57,236
46,353
38,926
Indiana
.................................................
72,159
52,280
42,431
63,125
48,040
41,521
94,093
63,518
53,326
54,224
43,842
37,049
Iowa
.....................................................
78,743
55,917
46,857
66,097
51,707
43,269
68,054
50,038
41,589
51,438
40,368
34,210
Kansas
.................................................
64,378
47,947
41,849
54,824
44,204
36,681
 
 
 
38,154
33,913
30,152
Kentucky
..............................................
69,830
51,238
42,996
58,266
46,356
38,619
 
 
 
48,240
38,893
33,305
Louisiana
.............................................
70,089
51,342
43,466
56,931
45,374
38,397
76,741
53,918
45,561
48,803
42,524
36,975
Maine
...................................................
61,524
49,794
41,800
54,596
44,921
36,197
 
 
 
67,828
48,312
37,843
Maryland
..............................................
79,161
55,494
49,397
65,298
51,409
42,606
91,232
62,967
51,713
59,511
47,213
38,925
Massachusetts
.....................................
79,208
60,539
49,552
64,208
54,132
42,918
98,242
61,791
53,828
71,973
52,976
43,807
Michigan
..............................................
82,438
60,414
50,237
64,401
52,002
42,732
61,689
52,376
37,757
52,557
43,609
37,644
Minnesota
............................................
82,247
57,505
48,799
56,783
47,005
39,525
 
 
 
60,554
46,178
37,495
Mississippi
...........................................
60,626
48,932
41,596
55,712
46,017
37,908
 
 
 
49,337
37,802
33,849
Missouri
...............................................
75,401
56,579
47,467
62,379
49,578
39,952
83,284
55,634
47,159
48,809
41,094
34,986
Montana
...............................................
56,618
47,034
39,207
51,102
41,758
35,636
 
 
 
42,615
36,640
31,494
Nebraska
.............................................
75,218
51,986
42,925
56,716
47,914
38,712
74,334
49,456
37,299
45,515
38,660
33,582
Nevada
................................................
78,495
57,925
45,714
72,598
56,330
45,545
 
 
 
49,923
42,161
32,547
New
Hampshire
...................................
71,513
53,776
42,549
58,228
45,343
37,788
 
 
 
72,812
48,784
40,693
New
Jersey
..........................................
91,022
64,724
47,858
79,953
62,466
47,604
105,041
60,684
48,570
65,554
54,054
42,178
New
Mexico
.........................................
63,295
48,088
40,041
51,838
41,043
34,672
 
 
 
44,454
38,218
32,373
New
York
.............................................
79,083
56,094
44,982
70,338
54,144
43,814
90,240
62,176
52,531
70,310
52,974
42,204
North
Carolina
.....................................
82,482
57,803
49,918
63,483
50,309
42,725
81,827
57,988
46,288
48,258
39,158
33,934
North
Dakota
.......................................
52,248
43,290
38,479
47,362
40,323
34,949
 
 
 
42,668
36,994
33,072
Ohio
.....................................................
73,885
53,918
43,845
66,027
50,467
40,995
83,466
61,747
51,380
58,382
45,118
37,517
Oklahoma
............................................
67,835
48,714
40,953
51,780
44,297
39,180
72,809
49,773
41,108
49,453
40,750
34,164
Oregon
.................................................
63,858
48,780
42,740
54,140
42,243
37,252
 
 
 
61,550
46,150
37,380
Pennsylvania
.......................................
83,740
58,872
46,591
72,882
57,132
45,383
96,163
63,456
54,385
64,934
50,209
40,536
Rhode
Island
.......................................
70,761
53,446
44,429
55,444
48,130
40,019
 
 
 
74,907
53,280
45,040
South
Carolina
.....................................
70,329
52,123
42,951
54,089
44,796
38,085
 
 
 
50,728
38,148
33,489
South
Dakota
.......................................
49,382
40,397
35,305
48,511
39,576
33,989
 
 
 
43,837
37,669
31,317
Tennessee
...........................................
66,162
52,066
42,458
58,358
45,829
37,360
93,283
61,614
48,413
47,190
38,772
33,435
Texas
...................................................
75,799
51,267
44,187
58,116
47,236
39,624
81,378
56,151
47,383
57,010
44,972
35,868
Utah
.....................................................
64,382
47,621
39,993
50,308
41,861
36,678
67,053
50,623
43,854
48,796
42,664
35,485
Vermont
...............................................
66,354
50,509
40,694
44,499
36,504
30,925
 
 
 
62,804
44,970
39,915
Virginia
.................................................
76,570
55,353
46,280
65,735
51,267
41,597
 
 
 
60,503
46,205
37,589
Washington
..........................................
70,811
51,329
45,616
54,017
45,299
38,716
 
 
 
61,055
47,304
39,803
West
Virginia
.......................................
63,584
50,377
40,127
48,793
40,255
34,016
 
 
 
44,948
38,547
33,034
Wisconsin
............................................
74,363
55,900
51,214
58,403
48,003
41,012
72,572
54,966
44,454
51,693
41,460
36,142
Wyoming
..............................................
58,437
46,033
41,055
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Service
Schools
...........................
 
 
 
74,071
57,602
47,459
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
.................................
46,085
40,394
33,554
42,424
36,757
32,880
 
 
 
20,330
31,702
25,047
American
Samoa
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
...................................................
 
 
 
72,959
57,127
45,252
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
...............................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palau
....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
..........................................
46,085
40,394
33,554
40,417
34,396
29,800
 
 
 
20,330
31,702
25,047
Virgin
Islands
.......................................
 
 
 
54,394
44,710
38,735
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
include
imputations
for
nonrespondent
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty,
1997
 
98''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1999.)
289
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
FACULTY
Table
243.
 
Full­
time
instructional
faculty
with
tenure
for
degree­
granting
institutions
reporting
tenure
status,
by
academic
rank,
sex,
and
type
and
control
of
institution:
1980
 
81
to
1998
 
99
Academic
year,
type,
and
control
of
institution
Percent
with
tenure,
by
rank
Percent
with
tenure,
by
sex
All
ranks
Professor
Associate
professor
Assistant
professor
Instructor
Lecturer
No
academic
rank
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1980
 
81
All
institutions
...................................................
64.8
95.8
82.9
27.9
9.2
11.9
77.4
70.0
49.7
4­
year
..........................................................
62.7
95.8
82.2
24.1
6.6
10.7
24.7
68.3
44.0
University
.................................................
64.5
96.7
83.7
15.3
5.4
4.3
3.5
70.0
41.0
Other
4­
year
............................................
61.3
94.9
81.2
29.7
7.1
17.8
32.4
67.0
45.5
2­
year
..........................................................
74.5
95.6
89.2
58.9
19.8
34.8
81.1
78.8
66.6
Public
institutions
.............................................
68.0
96.6
85.9
32.5
11.8
14.3
79.4
72.8
54.0
4­
year
..........................................................
65.7
96.6
85.3
27.6
8.7
12.8
12.2
71.1
47.5
University
.................................................
66.0
96.9
86.5
16.8
6.1
4.9
4.5
71.3
42.8
Other
4­
year
............................................
65.5
96.3
84.4
35.5
10.0
21.4
17.2
70.9
50.2
2­
year
..........................................................
75.2
95.9
89.5
59.5
20.3
35.8
81.8
79.3
67.5
Private
institutions
............................................
55.9
93.8
75.2
17.5
3.0
1.5
43.4
62.2
37.2
4­
year
..........................................................
56.0
93.8
75.2
17.4
2.8
1.5
37.5
62.2
37.2
University
.................................................
60.4
96.3
75.8
11.5
3.5
1.8
0.6
66.3
36.5
Other
4­
year
............................................
53.6
92.0
74.9
20.2
2.6
1.2
43.4
59.8
37.4
2­
year
..........................................................
49.5
84.7
77.3
35.2
8.8
 
52.2
57.3
39.5
1990
 
91
All
institutions
...................................................
61.2
95.6
80.8
18.6
6.8
6.9
36.3
67.8
45.3
4­
year
..........................................................
61.7
95.7
80.4
15.8
4.1
6.0
19.1
68.6
43.9
University
.................................................
65.2
97.2
85.4
9.0
3.5
2.1
1.4
71.6
43.6
Other
4­
year
............................................
59.4
94.6
77.1
19.7
4.3
9.2
30.2
66.3
44.0
2­
year
..........................................................
57.1
93.7
85.3
50.7
16.3
26.6
39.8
60.9
51.9
Public
institutions
.............................................
62.9
96.3
83.7
21.7
8.6
8.4
36.6
69.4
47.4
4­
year
..........................................................
64.0
96.5
83.5
18.0
5.3
7.3
11.3
70.8
45.9
University
.................................................
66.3
97.3
88.3
9.7
4.2
2.4
0.4
72.8
44.5
Other
4­
year
............................................
62.3
95.9
79.9
23.4
5.7
10.6
23.5
69.1
46.7
2­
year
..........................................................
57.3
93.7
85.6
51.4
16.7
26.7
39.7
61.0
52.2
Private
institutions
............................................
56.7
93.9
73.8
11.8
1.5
1.0
33.3
63.7
39.8
4­
year
..........................................................
56.8
93.9
73.8
11.6
1.4
1.0
31.2
63.7
39.8
University
.................................................
62.2
96.9
77.4
7.3
1.4
1.4
6.5
68.5
41.3
Other
4­
year
............................................
53.9
91.9
72.0
13.5
1.5
0.5
36.3
60.9
39.2
2­
year
..........................................................
45.7
90.2
70.9
29.0
4.3
 
49.7
53.1
39.3
1997
 
98
All
institutions
...................................................
64.7
96.1
83.9
16.0
7.9
1.5
71.5
71.6
52.0
4­
year
..........................................................
63.1
96.4
83.8
12.8
3.7
1.6
26.6
70.8
47.5
University
.................................................
67.4
97.5
88.5
6.1
2.7
1.2
10.5
74.9
48.1
Other
4­
year
............................................
60.4
95.5
80.7
16.1
4.1
1.9
34.9
67.9
47.2
2­
year
..........................................................
72.7
93.7
85.0
51.4
21.3
 
76.3
76.3
68.5
Public
institutions
.............................................
67.2
97.2
87.6
18.9
9.9
1.5
73.1
74.0
54.9
4­
year
..........................................................
65.5
97.8
87.9
14.2
4.8
1.5
13.6
73.4
49.1
University
.................................................
69.0
98.1
91.9
6.2
3.1
1.0
0.7
76.7
49.3
Other
4­
year
............................................
63.0
97.5
84.8
18.8
5.4
1.9
20.7
70.8
48.9
2­
year
..........................................................
72.9
93.7
85.3
51.8
21.5
0.0
76.4
76.5
68.7
Private
institutions
............................................
58.6
93.6
75.9
10.5
1.7
1.7
51.0
65.8
44.7
4­
year
..........................................................
58.5
93.6
75.9
10.4
1.4
1.7
38.9
65.7
44.6
University
.................................................
63.6
96.0
79.9
5.9
1.3
1.5
20.5
70.8
45.2
Other
4­
year
............................................
56.0
92.1
74.1
12.2
1.4
1.9
48.0
62.9
44.3
2­
year
..........................................................
65.1
94.1
62.5
28.6
14.8
 
75.1
69.9
55.8
1998
 
99
All
institutions
...................................................
63.9
95.9
83.6
15.6
7.9
1.9
69.1
70.6
51.8
4­
year
..........................................................
62.3
96.2
83.6
12.3
3.5
1.3
22.3
70.0
47.3
University
.................................................
66.4
97.2
88.4
5.3
2.3
0.9
0.9
73.8
47.9
Other
4­
year
............................................
59.8
95.4
80.6
15.8
3.9
1.8
33.3
67.2
47.0
2­
year
..........................................................
71.7
92.9
83.8
52.6
21.6
 
74.6
74.8
68.1
Public
institutions
.............................................
66.3
97.0
87.3
18.2
9.8
2.0
71.6
73.0
54.6
4­
year
..........................................................
64.7
97.7
87.7
13.4
4.2
1.3
16.8
72.6
48.8
University
.................................................
68.1
98.0
91.6
5.4
2.6
1.0
1.3
75.7
49.4
Other
4­
year
............................................
62.3
97.4
84.9
18.0
4.8
1.6
23.8
70.1
48.5
2­
year
..........................................................
71.7
92.8
84.0
52.9
21.7
14.9
74.6
74.8
68.2
Private
institutions
............................................
58.0
93.3
75.8
10.5
2.0
1.4
43.7
65.0
44.8
4­
year
..........................................................
57.9
93.3
75.8
10.5
1.9
1.4
26.9
64.9
44.6
University
.................................................
62.3
95.5
80.3
5.1
1.1
0.5
0.7
69.4
44.6
Other
4­
year
............................................
55.6
91.8
73.8
12.5
2.1
2.7
41.8
62.3
44.6
2­
year
..........................................................
69.1
100.0
67.1
17.1
11.3
 
74.6
73.9
60.2
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
and
1990
 
91
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Faculty
Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits;''
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Salaries
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2000.)
290
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
INSTITUTIONS
Table
244.
 
Degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1949
 
50
to
2000
 
01
Year
All
institutions
Public
Private
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Excluding
branch
campuses
1949
 
50
................................................................
1,851
1,327
524
641
344
297
1,210
983
227
1950
 
51
................................................................
1,852
1,312
540
636
341
295
1,216
971
245
1951
 
52
................................................................
1,832
1,326
506
641
350
291
1,191
976
215
1953
 
54
................................................................
1,863
1,345
518
662
369
293
1,201
976
225
1955
 
56
................................................................
1,850
1,347
503
650
360
290
1,200
987
213
1956
 
57
................................................................
1,878
1,355
523
656
359
297
1,222
996
226
1957
 
58
................................................................
1,930
1,390
540
666
366
300
1,264
1,024
240
1958
 
59
................................................................
1,947
1,394
553
673
366
307
1,274
1,028
246
1959
 
60
................................................................
2,004
1,422
582
695
367
328
1,309
1,055
254
1960
 
61
................................................................
2,021
1,431
590
700
368
332
1,321
1,063
258
1961
 
62
................................................................
2,033
1,443
590
718
374
344
1,315
1,069
246
1962
 
63
................................................................
2,093
1,468
625
740
376
364
1,353
1,092
261
1963
 
64
................................................................
2,132
1,499
633
760
386
374
1,372
1,113
259
1964
 
65
................................................................
2,175
1,521
654
799
393
406
1,376
1,128
248
1965
 
66
................................................................
2,230
1,551
679
821
401
420
1,409
1,150
259
1966
 
67
................................................................
2,329
1,577
752
880
403
477
1,449
1,174
275
1967
 
68
................................................................
2,374
1,588
786
934
414
520
1,440
1,174
266
1968
 
69
................................................................
2,483
1,619
864
1,011
417
594
1,472
1,202
270
1969
 
70
................................................................
2,525
1,639
886
1,060
426
634
1,465
1,213
252
1970
 
71
................................................................
2,556
1,665
891
1,089
435
654
1,467
1,230
237
1971
 
72
................................................................
2,606
1,675
931
1,137
440
697
1,469
1,235
234
1972
 
73
................................................................
2,665
1,701
964
1,182
449
733
1,483
1,252
231
1973
 
74
................................................................
2,720
1,717
1,003
1,200
440
760
1,520
1,277
243
1974
 
75
................................................................
2,747
1,744
1,003
1,214
447
767
1,533
1,297
236
1975
 
76
................................................................
2,765
1,767
998
1,219
447
772
1,546
1,320
226
1976
 
77
................................................................
2,785
1,783
1,002
1,231
452
779
1,554
1,331
223
1977
 
78
................................................................
2,826
1,808
1,018
1,241
454
787
1,585
1,354
231
1978
 
79
................................................................
2,954
1,843
1,111
1,308
463
845
1,646
1,380
266
1979
 
80
................................................................
2,975
1,863
1,112
1,310
464
846
1,665
1,399
266
1980
 
81
................................................................
3,056
1,861
1,195
1,334
465
869
1,722
1,396
2
326
1981
 
82
................................................................
3,083
1,883
1,200
1,340
471
869
1,743
1,412
2
331
1982
 
83
...............................................................
3,111
1,887
1,224
1,336
472
864
1,775
1,415
2
360
1983
 
84
................................................................
3,117
1,914
1,203
1,325
474
851
1,792
1,440
352
1984
 
85
................................................................
3,146
1,911
1,235
1,329
461
868
1,817
1,450
367
1985
 
86
................................................................
3,155
1,915
1,240
1,326
461
865
1,829
1,454
375
Including
branch
campuses
1974
 
75
................................................................
3,004
1,866
1,138
1,433
537
896
1,571
1,329
242
1975
 
76
................................................................
3,026
1,898
1,128
1,442
545
897
1,584
1,353
231
1976
 
77
................................................................
3,046
1,913
1,133
1,455
550
905
1,591
1,363
228
1977
 
78
................................................................
3,095
1,938
1,157
1,473
552
921
1,622
1,386
236
1978
 
79
................................................................
3,134
1,941
1,193
1,474
550
924
1,660
1,391
269
1979
 
80
................................................................
3,152
1,957
1,195
1,475
549
926
1,677
1,408
269
1980
 
81
................................................................
3,231
1,957
1,274
1,497
552
945
1,734
1,405
2
329
1981
 
82
................................................................
3,253
1,979
1,274
1,498
558
940
1,755
1,421
2
334
1982
 
83
................................................................
3,280
1,984
1,296
1,493
560
933
1,787
1,424
2
363
1983
 
84
................................................................
3,284
2,013
1,271
1,481
565
916
1,803
1,448
355
1984
 
85
................................................................
3,331
2,025
1,306
1,501
566
935
1,830
1,459
371
1985
 
86
................................................................
3,340
2,029
1,311
1,498
566
932
1,842
1,463
379
1986
 
87
3
..............................................................
3,406
2,070
1,336
1,533
573
960
1,873
1,497
376
1987
 
88
3
..............................................................
3,587
2,135
1,452
1,591
599
992
1,996
1,536
460
1988
 
89
3
..............................................................
3,565
2,129
1,436
1,582
598
984
1,983
1,531
452
1989
 
90
3
..............................................................
3,535
2,127
1,408
1,563
595
968
1,972
1,532
440
1990
 
91
3
..............................................................
3,559
2,141
1,418
1,567
595
972
1,992
1,546
446
1991
 
92
3
..............................................................
3,601
2,157
1,444
1,598
599
999
2,003
1,558
445
1992
 
93
3
..............................................................
3,638
2,169
1,469
1,624
600
1,024
2,014
1,569
445
1993
 
94
3
..............................................................
3,632
2,190
1,442
1,625
604
1,021
2,007
1,586
421
1994
 
95
3
..............................................................
3,688
2,215
1,473
1,641
605
1,036
2,047
1,610
437
1995
 
96
3
..............................................................
3,706
2,244
1,462
1,655
608
1,047
2,051
1,636
415
Title
IV
eligible
degree­
granting
institutions
1996
 
97
................................................................
4,009
2,267
1,742
1,702
614
1,088
2,307
1,653
654
1997
 
98
................................................................
4,064
2,309
1,755
1,707
615
1,092
2,357
1,694
663
1998
 
99
4
..............................................................
4,048
2,335
1,713
1,681
612
1,069
2,367
1,723
644
1999
 
2000
............................................................
4,084
2,363
1,721
1,682
614
1,068
2,402
1,749
653
2000
 
01
................................................................
4,182
2,450
1,732
1,698
622
1,076
2,484
1,828
656
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Large
increases
are
due
to
the
addition
of
schools
accredited
by
the
Accrediting
Commission
of
Career
Schools
and
Colleges
of
Technology.

3
Because
of
revised
survey
procedures,
data
are
not
entirely
comparable
with
figures
for
earlier
years.
The
number
of
branch
campuses
reporting
separately
has
increased
since
1986
 
87.

4
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Education
Directory,
Colleges
and
Universities;
and
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Higher
Education''
and
``
Institutional
Characteristics
of
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
291
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
INSTITUTIONS
Table
245.
 
Degree­
granting
institutions
and
branches,
by
type,
control
of
institution,
and
state:
2000
 
01
State
or
other
area
Total
All
public
institutions
Public,
4­
year
institutions
Public
2­
year
All
private
institutions
Private
4­
year
institutions
Private
2­
year
Total
Doctor's
extensive
1
Doctor's
intensive
2
Master's
3
Baccalaureate
4
Other
4­
year
5
Total
Doctor's
extensive
1
Doctor's
intensive
2
Master's
3
Baccalaureate
4
Other
4­
year
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
United
States
.........
4,182
1,698
622
102
64
276
115
65
1,076
2,484
1,828
49
48
364
632
735
656
Alabama
......................
76
47
18
3
3
11
1
0
29
29
22
0
0
4
14
4
7
Alaska
.........................
9
5
3
0
1
2
0
0
2
4
3
0
0
1
1
1
1
Arizona
........................
75
25
5
2
1
1
0
1
20
50
26
0
0
6
2
18
24
Arkansas
.....................
47
33
11
1
1
5
3
1
22
14
10
0
0
1
8
1
4
California
.....................
419
143
32
8
2
19
1
2
111
276
199
4
8
35
37
115
77
Colorado
......................
74
28
13
2
2
3
4
2
15
46
30
1
0
4
10
15
16
Connecticut
.................
46
22
10
1
0
4
1
4
12
24
20
1
2
5
6
6
4
Delaware
.....................
10
5
2
1
0
1
0
0
3
5
4
0
1
1
1
1
1
District
of
Columbia
.....
17
2
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
15
15
5
0
5
1
4
0
Florida
.........................
164
39
11
4
2
4
0
1
28
125
83
1
3
15
26
38
42
Georgia
.......................
125
72
21
3
0
13
3
2
51
53
46
1
2
3
20
20
7
Hawaii
.........................
21
10
3
1
0
0
2
0
7
11
8
0
0
2
1
5
3
Idaho
...........................
14
7
4
1
1
1
1
0
3
7
4
0
0
1
1
2
3
Illinois
..........................
181
60
12
4
1
7
0
0
48
121
103
3
3
15
29
53
18
Indiana
........................
98
28
14
2
3
6
3
0
14
70
46
1
0
8
26
11
24
Iowa
.............................
64
18
3
2
0
1
0
0
15
46
40
0
0
6
24
10
6
Kansas
........................
59
32
9
2
1
4
0
2
23
27
22
0
0
8
11
3
5
Kentucky
.....................
69
26
8
2
0
6
0
0
18
43
27
0
0
4
16
7
16
Louisiana
.....................
85
60
14
1
3
9
0
1
46
25
13
1
0
3
3
6
12
Maine
..........................
33
15
8
1
0
1
5
1
7
18
13
0
1
3
6
3
5
Maryland
.....................
57
29
13
2
1
9
1
0
16
28
26
1
0
4
7
14
2
Massachusetts
............
117
31
15
1
2
7
1
4
16
86
77
7
2
15
23
30
9
Michigan
......................
108
44
15
4
3
8
0
0
29
64
61
0
1
9
23
28
3
Minnesota
....................
113
52
11
1
0
7
3
0
41
61
41
0
3
6
16
16
20
Mississippi
...................
42
26
9
3
1
3
1
1
17
16
12
0
0
2
6
4
4
Missouri
.......................
116
31
13
1
3
6
2
1
18
85
63
2
0
10
16
35
22
Montana
......................
24
17
6
0
2
2
1
1
11
7
5
0
0
1
3
1
2
Nebraska
.....................
38
14
7
1
0
5
0
1
7
24
15
0
0
4
8
3
9
Nevada
........................
15
6
3
1
1
0
1
0
3
9
4
0
0
0
3
1
5
New
Hampshire
..........
25
9
5
1
0
2
2
0
4
16
15
0
2
2
7
4
1
New
Jersey
.................
58
33
14
1
2
8
2
1
19
25
21
1
2
5
7
6
4
New
Mexico
................
44
27
6
2
1
3
0
0
21
17
14
0
0
3
3
8
3
New
York
....................
325
89
45
5
1
21
11
7
44
236
179
9
8
35
42
85
57
North
Carolina
.............
120
75
16
2
2
8
3
1
59
45
42
1
1
7
26
7
3
North
Dakota
...............
21
15
6
0
2
1
3
0
9
6
4
0
0
1
1
2
2
Ohio
.............................
175
61
24
5
5
1
11
2
37
114
70
1
2
15
27
25
44
Oklahoma
....................
50
29
15
2
0
7
4
2
14
21
19
0
1
3
9
6
2
Oregon
........................
56
25
8
2
1
3
0
2
17
31
28
0
0
5
10
13
3
Pennsylvania
...............
263
67
46
3
2
19
20
2
21
196
105
3
4
29
38
31
91
Rhode
Island
...............
13
3
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
10
10
1
0
3
2
4
0
South
Carolina
............
62
33
12
2
1
5
3
1
21
29
23
0
0
3
15
5
6
South
Dakota
..............
25
14
9
0
2
1
2
4
5
11
10
0
0
3
4
3
1
Tennessee
..................
87
24
10
2
3
4
0
1
14
63
48
1
0
11
20
16
15
Texas
..........................
201
109
42
6
6
20
3
7
67
92
60
2
2
14
21
21
32
Utah
.............................
24
10
6
2
0
2
2
0
4
14
7
1
0
2
2
2
7
Vermont
.......................
25
6
5
1
0
2
1
1
1
19
17
0
0
6
9
2
2
Virginia
........................
96
39
15
4
2
5
4
0
24
57
46
0
0
15
20
11
11
Washington
.................
79
45
11
2
0
5
1
3
34
34
28
0
0
11
3
14
6
West
Virginia
...............
36
15
12
1
0
1
9
1
3
21
10
0
0
2
6
2
11
Wisconsin
....................
68
31
13
2
0
11
0
0
18
37
34
1
0
8
12
13
3
Wyoming
.....................
9
8
1
1
0
0
0
0
7
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..
4
4
4
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
........
83
31
16
0
1
4
8
3
15
52
38
0
0
7
15
16
14
American
Samoa
........
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
...............
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
..........................
2
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Marshall
Islands
..........
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
......
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Palau
...........................
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.................
70
18
13
0
1
1
8
3
5
52
38
0
0
7
15
16
14
Virgin
Islands
..............
2
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Doctoral,
extensive
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate
and
award
50
or
more
doctoral
degrees
per
year
across
at
least
15
disciplines.
2
Doctoral,
intensive
institutions
are
committed
to
education
through
the
doctorate
and
award
at
least
10
doctoral
degrees
per
year
across
3
or
more
disciplines
or
at
least
20
doctoral
degrees
overall.
3
Master's
institutions
offer
a
full
range
of
baccalaureate
programs
and
are
committed
to
education
through
the
master's
degree.
They
award
at
least
40
master's
degrees
per
year,
across
3
or
more
disciplines.
4
Baccalaureate
institutions
primarily
emphasize
undergraduate
education.
5
Other
specialized
4­
year
institutions
award
degrees
primarily
in
single
fields
of
study,
such
as
medicine,
business,
fine
arts,
theology
and
engineering.
Also,
includes
some
institutions
which
have
4­
year
programs,
but
have
not
reported
sufficient
data
to
identify
program
category.

NOTE:
New
institutions
which
do
not
have
sufficient
data
to
report
by
detailed
level
are
included
under
``
other
4­
year''
or
2­
year
depending
on
the
level
reported
by
the
institution

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics,
2000
 
01''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
292
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
INSTITUTIONS
Table
246.
 
Degree­
granting
institutions
that
have
closed
their
doors,
by
control
and
type
of
institution:
1960
 
61
to
2000
 
01
Year
All
institutions
Public
Private
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Excluding
branch
campuses:
Total,
1960
 
61
to
1991
 
92
.........
343
179
164
38
1
37
305
178
127
1960
 
61
.............................................
8
1
7
1
 
1
7
1
6
1961
 
62
.............................................
2
1
1
 
 
 
2
1
1
1962
 
63
.............................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1963
 
64
.............................................
7
1
6
1
 
1
6
1
5
1964
 
65
.............................................
8
1
7
4
 
4
4
1
3
1965
 
66
.............................................
8
2
6
4
 
4
4
2
2
1966
 
67
.............................................
9
2
7
3
 
3
6
2
4
1967
 
68
.............................................
14
6
8
 
 
 
14
6
8
1968
 
69
.............................................
21
11
10
1
 
1
20
11
9
1969
 
70
.............................................
18
8
10
3
 
3
15
8
7
1970
 
71
.............................................
32
9
23
9
 
9
23
9
14
1971
 
72
.............................................
12
3
9
3
 
3
9
3
6
1972
 
73
.............................................
19
12
7
2
 
2
17
12
5
1973
 
74
.............................................
18
11
7
 
 
 
18
11
7
1974
 
75
.............................................
17
13
4
3
 
3
14
13
1
1975
 
76
.............................................
8
6
2
2
1
1
6
5
1
1976
 
77
.............................................
8
5
3
 
 
 
8
5
3
1977
 
78
.............................................
12
9
3
 
 
 
12
9
3
1978
 
79
.............................................
9
4
5
 
 
 
9
4
5
1979
 
80
.............................................
6
5
1
 
 
 
6
5
1
1980
 
81
.............................................
4
3
1
 
 
 
4
3
1
1981
 
82
.............................................
7
6
1
 
 
 
7
6
1
1982
 
83
.............................................
7
4
3
 
 
 
7
4
3
1983
 
84
.............................................
4
4
 
 
 
 
4
4
 
1984
 
85
.............................................
4
4
 
 
 
 
4
4
 
1985
 
86
.............................................
10
6
4
1
 
1
9
6
3
1986
 
87
and
1987
 
88
......................
25
19
6
1
 
1
24
19
5
1988
 
89
.............................................
14
6
8
 
 
 
14
6
8
1989
 
90
.............................................
12
6
6
 
 
 
12
6
6
1990
 
91
.............................................
10
4
6
 
 
 
10
4
6
1991
 
92
.............................................
10
7
3
 
 
 
10
7
3
Including
branch
campuses:
Total,
1969
 
70
to
2000
 
01
.........
502
229
273
45
5
40
457
224
233
1969
 
70
.............................................
24
10
14
5
1
4
19
9
10
1970
 
71
.............................................
35
10
25
11
 
11
24
10
14
1971
 
72
.............................................
14
5
9
3
 
3
11
5
6
1972
 
73
.............................................
21
12
9
4
 
4
17
12
5
1973
 
74
.............................................
20
12
8
1
 
1
19
12
7
1974
 
75
.............................................
18
13
5
4
 
4
14
13
1
1975
 
76
.............................................
9
7
2
2
1
1
7
6
1
1976
 
77
.............................................
9
6
3
 
 
 
9
6
3
1977
 
78
.............................................
12
9
3
 
 
 
12
9
3
1978
 
79
.............................................
9
4
5
 
 
 
9
4
5
1979
 
80
.............................................
6
5
1
 
 
 
6
5
1
1980
 
81
.............................................
4
3
1
 
 
 
4
3
1
1981
 
82
.............................................
7
6
1
 
 
 
7
6
1
1982
 
83
.............................................
7
4
3
 
 
 
7
4
3
1983
 
84
.............................................
5
5
 
1
1
 
4
4
 
1984
 
85
.............................................
4
4
 
 
 
 
4
4
 
1985
 
86
.............................................
12
8
4
1
1
 
11
7
4
1986
 
87
and
1987
 
88
......................
26
19
7
1
 
1
25
19
6
1988
 
89
.............................................
14
6
8
 
 
 
14
6
8
1989
 
90
.............................................
19
8
11
 
 
 
19
8
11
1990
 
91
.............................................
18
6
12
 
 
 
18
6
12
1991
 
92
.............................................
26
8
18
1
 
1
25
8
17
1992
 
93
.............................................
24
6
18
 
 
 
24
6
18
1993
 
94
.............................................
38
10
28
1
 
1
37
10
27
1994
 
95
.............................................
15
8
7
2
 
2
13
8
5
1995
 
96
.............................................
21
8
13
1
1
 
20
7
13
1996
 
97
.............................................
36
13
23
2
 
2
34
13
21
1997
 
98
.............................................
5
 
5
 
 
 
5
 
5
1998
 
99
.............................................
14
2
12
2
 
2
12
2
10
1999
 
2000
.........................................
16
3
13
3
 
3
13
3
10
2000
 
01
.............................................
14
9
5
 
 
 
14
9
5
 
Not
available
or
not
applicable.

NOTE:
This
table
indicates
the
year
in
which
the
institution
closed.
Data
for
1960
 
61
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Some
data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Education
Directory,
Higher
Education,
1960
 
61
to
1974
 
75;
Education
Directory,
Colleges
and
Universities,
1975
 
76
to
1983
 
84;
1982
 
83
Supplement
to
the
Education
Directory
Colleges
and
Universities;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
293
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
247.
 
Earned
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1869
 
70
to
2010
 
11
Year
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
First­
professional
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1869
 
70
......................................
 
 
 
2
9,371
2
7,993
2
1,378
0
0
0
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
1
1
0
1879
 
80
......................................
 
 
 
2
12,896
2
10,411
2
2,485
879
868
11
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
54
51
3
1889
 
90
......................................
 
 
 
2
15,539
2
12,857
2
2,682
1,015
821
194
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
149
147
2
1899
 
1900
.................................
 
 
 
2
27,410
2
22,173
2
5,237
1,583
1,280
303
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
382
359
23
1909
 
10
......................................
 
 
 
2
37,199
2
28,762
2
8,437
2,113
1,555
558
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
443
399
44
1919
 
20
......................................
 
 
 
2
48,622
2
31,980
2
16,642
4,279
2,985
1,294
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
615
522
93
1929
 
30
......................................
 
 
 
2
122,484
2
73,615
2
48,869
14,969
8,925
6,044
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
2,299
1,946
353
1939
 
40
......................................
 
 
 
2
186,500
2
109,546
2
76,954
26,731
16,508
10,223
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
3,290
2,861
429
1949
 
50
......................................
 
 
 
2
432,058
2
328,841
2
103,217
58,183
41,220
16,963
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
6,420
5,804
616
1959
 
60
......................................
 
 
 
2
392,440
2
254,063
2
138,377
74,435
50,898
23,537
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
9,829
8,801
1,028
1960
 
61
......................................
 
 
 
365,174
224,538
140,636
84,609
57,830
26,779
25,253
24,577
676
10,575
9,463
1,112
1961
 
62
......................................
 
 
 
383,961
230,456
153,505
91,418
62,603
28,815
25,607
24,836
771
11,622
10,377
1,245
1962
 
63
......................................
 
 
 
411,420
241,309
170,111
98,684
67,302
31,382
26,590
25,753
837
12,822
11,448
1,374
1963
 
64
......................................
 
 
 
461,266
265,349
195,917
109,183
73,850
35,333
27,209
26,357
852
14,490
12,955
1,535
1964
 
65
......................................
 
 
 
493,757
282,173
211,584
121,167
81,319
39,848
28,290
27,283
1,007
16,467
14,692
1,775
1965
 
66
......................................
111,607
63,779
47,828
520,115
299,287
220,828
140,602
93,081
47,521
30,124
28,982
1,142
18,237
16,121
2,116
1966
 
67
......................................
139,183
78,356
60,827
558,534
322,711
235,823
157,726
103,109
54,617
31,695
30,401
1,294
20,617
18,163
2,454
1967
 
68
......................................
159,441
90,317
69,124
632,289
357,682
274,607
176,749
113,552
63,197
33,939
32,402
1,537
23,089
20,183
2,906
1968
 
69
......................................
183,279
105,661
77,618
728,845
410,595
318,250
193,756
121,531
72,225
35,114
33,595
1,519
26,158
22,722
3,436
1969
 
70
......................................
206,023
117,432
88,591
792,316
451,097
341,219
208,291
125,624
82,667
34,918
33,077
1,841
29,866
25,890
3,976
1970
 
71
......................................
252,311
144,144
108,167
839,730
475,594
364,136
230,509
138,146
92,363
37,946
35,544
2,402
32,107
27,530
4,577
1971
 
72
......................................
292,014
166,227
125,787
887,273
500,590
386,683
251,633
149,550
102,083
43,411
40,723
2,688
33,363
28,090
5,273
1972
 
73
......................................
316,174
175,413
140,761
922,362
518,191
404,171
263,371
154,468
108,903
50,018
46,489
3,529
34,777
28,571
6,206
1973
 
74
......................................
343,924
188,591
155,333
945,776
527,313
418,463
277,033
157,842
119,191
53,816
48,530
5,286
33,816
27,365
6,451
1974
 
75
......................................
360,171
191,017
169,154
922,933
504,841
418,092
292,450
161,570
130,880
55,916
48,956
6,960
34,083
26,817
7,266
1975
 
76
......................................
391,454
209,996
181,458
925,746
504,925
420,821
311,771
167,248
144,523
62,649
52,892
9,757
34,064
26,267
7,797
1976
 
77
......................................
406,377
210,842
195,535
919,549
495,545
424,004
317,164
167,783
149,381
64,359
52,374
11,985
33,232
25,142
8,090
1977
 
78
......................................
412,246
204,718
207,528
921,204
487,347
433,857
311,620
161,212
150,408
66,581
52,270
14,311
32,131
23,658
8,473
1978
 
79
......................................
402,702
192,091
210,611
921,390
477,344
444,046
301,079
153,370
147,709
68,848
52,652
16,196
32,730
23,541
9,189
1979
 
80
......................................
400,910
183,737
217,173
929,417
473,611
455,806
298,081
150,749
147,332
70,131
52,716
17,415
32,615
22,943
9,672
1980
 
81
......................................
416,377
188,638
227,739
935,140
469,883
465,257
295,739
147,043
148,696
71,956
52,792
19,164
32,958
22,711
10,247
1981
 
82
......................................
434,526
196,944
237,582
952,998
473,364
479,634
295,546
145,532
150,014
72,032
52,223
19,809
32,707
22,224
10,483
1982
 
83
......................................
449,620
203,991
245,629
969,510
479,140
490,370
289,921
144,697
145,224
73,054
51,250
21,804
32,775
21,902
10,873
1983
 
84
......................................
452,240
202,704
249,536
974,309
482,319
491,990
284,263
143,595
140,668
74,468
51,378
23,090
33,209
22,064
11,145
1984
 
85
......................................
454,712
202,932
251,780
979,477
482,528
496,949
286,251
143,390
142,861
75,063
50,455
24,608
32,943
21,700
11,243
1985
 
86
......................................
446,047
196,166
249,881
987,823
485,923
501,900
288,567
143,508
145,059
73,910
49,261
24,649
33,653
21,819
11,834
1986
 
87
......................................
436,304
190,839
245,465
991,264
480,782
510,482
289,349
141,269
148,080
71,617
46,523
25,094
34,041
22,061
11,980
1987
 
88
......................................
435,085
190,047
245,038
994,829
477,203
517,626
299,317
145,163
154,154
70,735
45,484
25,251
34,870
22,615
12,255
1988
 
89
......................................
436,764
186,316
250,448
1,018,755
483,346
535,409
310,621
149,354
161,267
70,856
45,046
25,810
35,720
22,648
13,072
1989
 
90
......................................
455,102
191,195
263,907
1,051,344
491,696
559,648
324,301
153,653
170,648
70,988
43,961
27,027
38,371
24,401
13,970
1990
 
91
......................................
481,720
198,634
283,086
1,094,538
504,045
590,493
337,168
156,482
180,686
71,948
43,846
28,102
39,294
24,756
14,538
1991
 
92
......................................
504,231
207,481
296,750
1,136,553
520,811
615,742
352,838
161,842
190,996
74,146
45,071
29,075
40,659
25,557
15,102
1992
 
93
......................................
514,756
211,964
302,792
1,165,178
532,881
632,297
369,585
169,258
200,327
75,387
45,153
30,234
42,132
26,073
16,059
1993
 
94
......................................
530,632
215,261
315,371
1,169,275
532,422
636,853
387,070
176,085
210,985
75,418
44,707
30,711
43,185
26,552
16,633
1994
 
95
......................................
539,691
218,352
321,339
1,160,134
526,131
634,003
397,629
178,598
219,031
75,800
44,853
30,947
44,446
26,916
17,530
1995
 
96
......................................
555,216
219,514
335,702
1,164,792
522,454
642,338
406,301
179,081
227,220
76,734
44,748
31,986
44,652
26,841
17,811
1996
 
97
......................................
571,226
223,948
347,278
1,172,879
520,515
652,364
419,401
180,947
238,454
78,730
45,564
33,166
45,876
27,146
18,730
1997
 
98
......................................
558,555
217,613
340,942
1,184,406
519,956
664,450
430,164
184,375
245,789
78,598
44,911
33,687
46,010
26,664
19,346
1998
 
99
......................................
559,954
218,417
341,537
1,200,303
518,746
681,557
439,986
186,148
253,838
78,439
44,339
34,100
44,077
25,146
18,931
1999
 
2000
.................................
564,933
224,721
340,212
1,237,875
530,367
707,508
457,056
191,792
265,264
80,057
44,239
35,818
44,808
25,028
19,780
2000
 
01
4
...................................
562,000
214,000
348,000
1,209,000
524,000
685,000
428,000
178,000
250,000
81,900
44,700
37,200
46,700
26,900
19,800
2001
 
02
4
...................................
569,000
216,000
353,000
1,227,000
529,000
698,000
432,000
179,000
253,000
80,400
44,000
36,400
46,500
26,500
20,000
2002
 
03
4
...................................
574,000
217,000
357,000
1,241,000
527,000
714,000
436,000
180,000
256,000
80,400
43,600
36,800
46,700
26,600
20,100
2003
 
04
4
...................................
582,000
218,000
364,000
1,251,000
535,000
716,000
442,000
181,000
261,000
81,300
43,900
37,400
47,100
26,700
20,400
2004
 
05
4
...................................
587,000
219,000
368,000
1,275,000
538,000
737,000
448,000
182,000
266,000
82,300
44,100
38,200
47,500
26,900
20,600
2005
 
06
4
...................................
594,000
220,000
374,000
1,294,000
544,000
750,000
453,000
183,000
270,000
83,500
44,400
39,100
47,800
27,000
20,800
2006
 
07
4
...................................
600,000
221,000
379,000
1,318,000
549,000
769,000
458,000
184,000
274,000
84,700
44,900
39,800
48,100
27,100
21,000
2007
 
08
4
...................................
605,000
222,000
383,000
1,337,000
553,000
784,000
464,000
186,000
278,000
85,700
45,200
40,500
48,400
27,200
21,200
2008
 
09
4
...................................
611,000
223,000
388,000
1,355,000
558,000
797,000
468,000
187,000
281,000
86,500
45,400
41,100
48,700
27,400
21,300
2009
 
10
4
...................................
617,000
224,000
393,000
1,373,000
562,000
811,000
472,000
188,000
284,000
87,500
45,800
41,700
48,800
27,500
21,300
2010
 
11
4
...................................
625,000
226,000
399,000
1,392,000
568,000
824,000
477,000
190,000
287,000
88,300
46,100
42,200
49,100
27,600
21,500
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
firstprofessional
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
2
Includes
first­
professional
degrees.
3
First­
professional
degrees
are
included
with
bachelor's
degrees.
4
Projected.

NOTE:
Data
for
1869
 
70
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Earned
Degrees
Conferred;
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
294
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
248.
 
Degrees
awarded
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
degree,
and
state:
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Public
Private
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
...............................
448,446
810,855
243,157
28,408
32,247
116,487
427,020
213,899
16,400
47,810
Alabama
............................................
7,017
17,856
7,435
519
620
1,748
3,437
586
15
465
Alaska
...............................................
767
1,244
443
20
0
128
120
74
0
0
Arizona
..............................................
7,078
15,848
5,605
743
466
3,580
5,017
4,629
21
150
Arkansas
...........................................
3,638
7,438
2,266
134
494
247
1,967
111
0
0
California
...........................................
65,938
88,344
20,006
2,769
2,201
12,422
33,202
24,251
2,711
6,509
Colorado
...........................................
4,945
17,347
5,076
638
513
2,775
4,195
3,332
158
353
Connecticut
.......................................
3,355
7,503
3,289
275
339
943
7,569
4,675
392
612
Delaware
...........................................
936
3,736
814
164
0
183
929
636
17
315
District
of
Columbia
..........................
148
354
58
0
37
259
6,452
7,020
603
2,565
Florida
...............................................
35,348
35,435
9,807
1,115
1,237
9,200
15,898
8,094
1,059
1,907
Georgia
.............................................
6,163
20,271
7,083
721
767
1,640
8,948
3,327
311
1,670
Hawaii
...............................................
2,302
3,112
1,040
153
128
964
1,979
684
18
3
Idaho
.................................................
1,466
4,314
1,043
105
174
3,574
397
84
0
0
Illinois
................................................
22,646
30,469
10,075
1,066
1,115
3,915
24,567
16,503
1,432
3,355
Indiana
..............................................
7,589
21,167
5,814
1,048
1,039
3,585
10,803
2,656
167
499
Iowa
..................................................
8,313
10,282
2,488
563
649
1,054
8,468
1,358
6
920
Kansas
..............................................
6,575
11,175
3,857
418
663
713
3,059
1,051
0
22
Kentucky
...........................................
4,528
11,962
3,985
325
791
1,964
3,681
810
102
321
Louisiana
...........................................
4,350
16,600
4,235
460
654
1,223
3,244
1,647
152
874
Maine
................................................
1,627
3,216
756
49
87
581
2,456
439
0
128
Maryland
...........................................
7,015
16,046
5,550
592
870
423
5,090
5,137
385
179
Massachusetts
..................................
7,487
12,718
3,994
380
100
3,193
29,590
20,825
1,903
3,848
Michigan
............................................
15,596
34,551
15,315
1,438
1,444
3,255
11,203
5,002
58
910
Minnesota
.........................................
8,519
14,190
4,446
604
708
2,511
8,985
3,351
263
827
Mississippi
.........................................
6,632
9,204
2,639
347
385
132
1,784
624
0
121
Missouri
.............................................
6,775
16,164
4,077
402
706
3,828
13,871
8,937
389
1,867
Montana
............................................
1,306
4,474
907
65
70
256
697
44
0
0
Nebraska
...........................................
3,385
7,157
2,290
292
348
508
3,590
608
71
446
Nevada
..............................................
1,730
4,004
1,160
115
53
258
241
293
0
0
New
Hampshire
................................
1,678
4,127
765
49
0
1,360
3,649
1,673
67
183
New
Jersey
.......................................
10,398
19,764
5,673
548
944
1,702
7,175
3,665
453
600
New
Mexico
......................................
3,539
5,678
1,978
271
226
244
1,049
688
0
0
New
York
..........................................
38,709
41,761
13,359
1,289
1,193
11,555
52,656
34,196
2,494
6,334
North
Carolina
...................................
12,640
23,617
6,932
872
842
865
11,640
2,704
280
1,109
North
Dakota
.....................................
1,939
4,104
692
58
191
112
773
171
0
0
Ohio
..................................................
15,425
32,018
10,734
1,559
1,922
3,968
17,831
6,147
565
1,275
Oklahoma
..........................................
6,193
12,525
4,130
369
614
215
3,053
1,229
68
387
Oregon
..............................................
5,618
10,269
3,138
365
376
832
4,159
1,659
57
671
Pennsylvania
.....................................
11,789
32,600
8,759
1,189
1,544
12,561
33,673
13,229
1,045
2,686
Rhode
Island
.....................................
1,185
2,857
788
89
64
2,365
5,545
1,076
169
201
South
Carolina
..................................
5,803
11,833
4,054
414
593
993
4,200
479
15
260
South
Dakota
....................................
1,520
3,478
757
77
171
313
1,016
127
1
24
Tennessee
........................................
6,011
14,610
5,143
496
779
1,697
8,348
2,677
228
739
Texas
................................................
25,665
58,528
18,439
2,244
2,879
5,151
17,306
6,317
449
2,409
Utah
..................................................
6,977
9,218
1,843
286
240
890
7,840
1,615
64
142
Vermont
............................................
741
2,548
386
58
93
853
2,284
1,067
7
140
Virginia
..............................................
8,954
25,021
8,667
1,037
1,325
2,545
8,578
2,482
85
856
Washington
.......................................
17,978
18,211
4,008
604
588
1,290
5,791
3,428
43
487
West
Virginia
.....................................
2,119
7,072
2,303
134
376
930
1,473
162
0
0
Wisconsin
..........................................
8,852
20,001
4,679
807
510
529
7,542
2,320
77
441
Wyoming
...........................................
1,539
1,797
377
73
119
455
0
0
0
0
U.
S.
Service
Schools
2
......................
0
3,037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
..............................
4,487
7,930
845
60
261
4,076
8,813
2,241
79
569
American
Samoa
..............................
148
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
84
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
................................................
88
365
99
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Marshall
Islands
................................
55
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
............................
84
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Palau
.................................................
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
3,917
7,351
717
60
261
4,076
8,813
2,241
79
569
Virgin
Islands
....................................
70
214
29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Includes
degrees
which
require
at
least
6
years
of
college
work
for
completion
(
including
at
least
2
years
of
preprofessional
training).
See
Definitions
for
details.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

2
Excludes
Uniformed
Services
University
of
the
Health
Sciences,
National
Defense
University,
Air
Force
Institute
of
Technology,
Community
College
of
the
Air
Force,
Naval
Postgraduate
School,
Joint
Military
Intelligence
College,
and
the
U.
S.
Army
Command
and
General
Staff
College.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
295
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
249.
 
Degrees
awarded
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control,
level
of
degree,
and
state:
1998
 
99
State
or
other
area
Public
Private
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
...............................
448,334
790,287
238,501
28,134
31,693
111,620
410,016
201,485
15,943
46,746
Alabama
............................................
7,035
17,182
6,075
484
613
1,021
3,265
530
27
490
Alaska
...............................................
846
1,271
422
27
0
146
98
58
0
0
Arizona
..............................................
6,832
15,413
5,457
741
461
3,856
3,569
4,226
37
0
Arkansas
...........................................
3,172
7,436
2,184
125
471
133
1,812
87
0
0
California
...........................................
65,950
85,977
19,967
2,669
2,230
11,476
30,364
22,733
2,739
6,324
Colorado
...........................................
5,061
16,759
5,124
709
512
2,876
3,965
2,955
136
411
Connecticut
.......................................
3,642
6,445
2,741
227
296
903
7,530
4,629
361
590
Delaware
...........................................
884
3,661
906
144
0
147
893
601
22
322
District
of
Columbia
..........................
129
397
50
0
43
293
6,628
6,747
522
2,587
Florida
...............................................
36,898
34,529
9,764
1,064
1,141
9,169
15,002
7,349
910
1,717
Georgia
.............................................
6,490
20,825
7,609
771
774
1,789
8,090
2,977
285
1,662
Hawaii
...............................................
2,242
3,080
1,035
158
127
1,216
1,722
710
6
1
Idaho
.................................................
1,503
4,324
1,063
85
154
3,891
338
75
0
0
Illinois
................................................
22,720
29,537
9,845
1,155
1,163
3,388
23,643
15,998
1,469
3,363
Indiana
..............................................
7,109
20,286
5,539
966
992
3,403
10,452
2,117
146
479
Iowa
..................................................
8,398
9,804
2,507
574
606
905
8,449
1,191
13
942
Kansas
..............................................
6,163
11,114
4,009
436
663
483
2,948
879
0
13
Kentucky
...........................................
4,552
12,012
4,090
282
817
1,986
3,504
778
106
345
Louisiana
...........................................
4,531
15,610
4,383
401
644
1,169
3,157
1,516
161
920
Maine
................................................
1,493
3,139
739
38
96
644
2,442
419
0
97
Maryland
...........................................
7,297
16,436
5,602
623
937
421
4,512
5,026
377
207
Massachusetts
..................................
7,299
12,140
3,474
346
95
3,569
29,101
20,556
1,935
3,706
Michigan
............................................
18,361
32,809
14,711
1,371
1,433
3,370
11,480
3,788
60
1,030
Minnesota
.........................................
8,407
14,711
4,097
658
672
2,070
8,454
3,261
233
852
Mississippi
.........................................
6,403
9,013
2,805
351
436
163
1,737
643
0
147
Missouri
.............................................
6,677
15,937
4,150
369
737
3,679
13,064
8,487
361
1,827
Montana
............................................
1,191
4,346
839
83
80
297
609
49
0
0
Nebraska
...........................................
3,031
6,712
2,404
283
329
548
3,312
549
71
446
Nevada
..............................................
1,629
3,781
1,144
88
52
224
196
188
0
0
New
Hampshire
................................
1,696
3,920
745
48
0
1,217
3,533
1,669
92
208
New
Jersey
.......................................
10,699
18,735
5,597
534
971
1,520
6,839
3,651
418
569
New
Mexico
......................................
3,355
5,719
2,068
279
167
232
843
469
0
0
New
York
..........................................
38,913
41,119
13,272
1,245
1,196
11,431
50,923
32,982
2,512
6,372
North
Carolina
...................................
12,029
22,922
6,504
834
814
922
11,707
2,415
289
1,117
North
Dakota
.....................................
1,759
4,084
697
68
176
100
646
119
0
0
Ohio
..................................................
15,854
31,951
11,013
1,521
1,978
3,543
17,785
5,784
482
1,279
Oklahoma
..........................................
6,289
12,861
3,794
343
518
157
2,895
1,005
60
393
Oregon
..............................................
5,264
9,846
2,802
371
356
422
4,022
1,612
57
576
Pennsylvania
.....................................
11,419
31,314
8,677
1,251
1,381
12,014
32,672
12,232
961
2,693
Rhode
Island
.....................................
1,265
2,958
797
86
27
2,326
5,438
1,145
170
198
South
Carolina
..................................
5,725
11,600
4,180
427
584
813
4,164
473
17
210
South
Dakota
....................................
1,328
3,347
838
63
166
367
899
142
2
22
Tennessee
........................................
5,842
13,935
4,829
466
740
1,658
8,053
2,345
212
676
Texas
................................................
24,579
57,287
17,718
2,363
2,910
4,082
16,289
5,516
345
2,053
Utah
..................................................
6,719
9,608
1,976
277
209
724
7,992
1,527
99
153
Vermont
............................................
710
2,458
386
50
94
836
2,305
1,015
2
161
Virginia
..............................................
9,122
22,810
8,598
1,017
1,254
2,848
8,157
2,357
107
691
Washington
.......................................
17,466
17,663
3,747
663
566
1,285
5,393
3,572
48
472
West
Virginia
.....................................
2,156
6,966
2,268
139
391
819
1,520
173
0
0
Wisconsin
..........................................
8,570
19,740
4,864
798
555
663
7,605
2,160
93
425
Wyoming
...........................................
1,630
1,784
396
63
66
406
0
0
0
0
U.
S.
Service
Schools
2
......................
0
2,974
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
1,600
7,452
776
76
310
4,028
7,928
1,186
23
331
American
Samoa
..............................
143
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
................................................
79
374
70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Marshall
Islands
................................
59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
............................
73
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Palau
.................................................
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
1,141
6,837
665
76
310
4,028
7,928
1,186
23
331
Virgin
Islands
....................................
71
241
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Includes
degrees
which
require
at
least
6
years
of
college
work
for
completion
(
including
at
least
2
years
of
preprofessional
training).
See
Definitions
for
details.

2
Excludes
Uniformed
Services
University
of
the
Health
Sciences,
National
Defense
University,
Air
Force
Institute
of
Technology,
Community
College
of
the
Air
Force,
Naval
Postgraduate
School,
Joint
Military
Intelligence
College,
and
the
U.
S.
Army
Command
and
General
Staff
College.

NOTE:
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
296
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
250.
 
Total
bachelor's
and
master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
field
of
study
and
by
state:
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
Total
Humanities
1
Social
and
behavioral
sciences
2
Natural
sciences
3
Computer
sciences
and
engineering
4
Education
Business/
management
Other
professional
fields
5
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
United
States
...........
1,237,875
457,056
209,799
35,744
201,161
28,531
93,987
14,451
108,750
40,786
108,168
124,240
257,709
112,258
258,301
101,046
Alabama
.......................
21,293
8,021
1,939
288
2,219
544
1,346
200
2,012
481
3,128
2,599
5,583
1,831
5,066
2,078
Alaska
...........................
1,364
517
198
48
185
36
121
19
102
62
193
201
284
64
281
87
Arizona
.........................
20,865
10,234
2,710
417
2,400
368
1,181
210
2,002
568
2,423
2,935
5,586
4,107
4,563
1,629
Arkansas
.......................
9,405
2,377
963
115
1,096
107
648
92
653
101
1,533
926
2,120
362
2,392
674
California
......................
121,546
44,257
28,967
4,603
25,046
4,409
10,912
1,484
10,431
4,801
3,893
9,382
23,203
10,918
19,094
8,660
Colorado
.......................
21,542
8,408
3,614
647
4,210
620
2,040
330
2,101
1,246
120
1,573
5,115
2,536
4,342
1,456
Connecticut
...................
15,072
7,964
3,367
489
3,588
433
1,122
312
763
481
522
2,012
2,355
2,030
3,355
2,207
Delaware
......................
4,665
1,450
414
107
945
90
265
46
309
89
508
474
1,087
427
1,137
217
District
of
Columbia
......
6,806
7,078
1,235
606
2,019
971
406
240
495
841
107
634
1,316
1,713
1,228
2,073
Florida
...........................
51,333
17,901
5,882
628
6,916
993
2,623
486
4,592
1,535
5,527
4,318
13,075
5,200
12,718
4,741
Georgia
.........................
29,219
10,410
3,933
549
4,113
454
2,114
259
3,192
1,221
3,799
3,136
6,820
2,786
5,248
2,005
Hawaii
...........................
5,091
1,724
743
151
880
142
387
54
326
170
324
306
1,528
493
903
408
Idaho
.............................
4,711
1,127
572
70
557
33
446
59
412
78
790
477
740
129
1,194
281
Illinois
............................
55,036
26,578
10,302
2,061
7,805
1,586
3,992
883
5,238
2,146
6,263
7,071
10,960
7,594
10,476
5,237
Indiana
..........................
31,970
8,470
4,590
767
3,871
392
2,029
340
3,601
730
4,164
2,049
6,933
2,316
6,782
1,876
Iowa
..............................
18,750
3,846
2,887
426
2,574
152
1,379
169
1,539
334
2,348
836
4,126
979
3,897
950
Kansas
..........................
14,234
4,908
1,832
338
1,817
241
1,014
193
1,325
399
1,676
1,290
3,126
1,263
3,444
1,184
Kentucky
.......................
15,643
4,795
2,017
313
2,161
220
1,188
134
1,062
302
1,963
2,019
3,093
619
4,159
1,188
Louisiana
......................
19,844
5,882
2,821
626
2,463
276
1,646
230
1,699
410
2,421
1,382
3,934
1,224
4,860
1,734
Maine
............................
5,672
1,195
1,160
56
1,076
28
510
29
338
43
601
475
631
189
1,356
375
Maryland
.......................
21,136
10,687
5,184
833
4,159
975
1,848
420
1,943
1,306
1,344
2,441
2,919
2,719
3,739
1,993
Massachusetts
..............
42,308
24,819
7,499
1,592
9,450
1,409
3,501
607
3,778
2,319
1,944
6,797
7,601
5,719
8,535
6,376
Michigan
.......................
45,754
20,317
5,945
933
5,771
588
3,037
466
5,477
2,323
4,090
6,137
10,879
5,409
10,555
4,461
Minnesota
.....................
23,175
7,797
4,194
544
3,573
330
2,160
153
1,760
541
2,970
2,981
4,194
1,762
4,324
1,486
Mississippi
....................
10,988
3,263
1,069
152
1,173
120
897
142
836
190
1,707
1,468
2,453
592
2,853
599
Missouri
........................
30,035
13,014
3,831
676
3,727
1,287
1,914
248
2,669
648
3,312
3,008
7,736
4,634
6,846
2,513
Montana
........................
5,171
951
844
86
659
79
483
87
549
91
705
235
818
126
1,113
247
Nebraska
......................
10,747
2,898
962
175
1,161
175
829
76
641
163
1,436
838
2,787
451
2,931
1,020
Nevada
.........................
4,245
1,453
392
107
543
54
238
32
248
113
689
652
1,217
264
918
231
New
Hampshire
............
7,776
2,438
1,348
121
1,623
93
633
56
512
174
533
634
1,651
924
1,476
436
New
Jersey
...................
26,939
9,338
4,285
616
6,097
464
2,450
339
2,575
1,256
2,187
2,518
4,565
2,177
4,780
1,968
New
Mexico
..................
6,727
2,666
1,015
236
764
163
509
134
717
204
1,048
787
1,376
629
1,298
513
New
York
......................
94,417
47,555
19,131
4,993
18,668
2,923
6,382
1,281
8,100
3,473
8,012
14,751
16,429
8,747
17,695
11,387
North
Carolina
..............
35,257
9,636
4,276
829
6,238
466
3,164
456
2,766
768
2,876
1,977
7,287
2,616
8,650
2,524
North
Dakota
................
4,877
863
347
29
426
37
297
37
530
66
719
235
915
151
1,643
308
Ohio
..............................
49,849
16,881
7,822
1,827
6,728
962
3,332
600
4,445
1,600
6,087
5,245
10,199
3,720
11,236
2,927
Oklahoma
.....................
15,578
5,359
1,947
358
1,647
935
987
139
1,390
484
2,071
1,281
3,905
1,317
3,631
845
Oregon
..........................
14,428
4,797
3,180
384
3,172
265
1,060
137
1,043
351
686
1,934
2,499
671
2,788
1,055
Pennsylvania
................
66,273
21,988
9,506
1,705
10,364
1,124
5,390
610
5,929
2,002
7,411
5,281
14,130
5,795
13,543
5,471
Rhode
Island
................
8,402
1,864
1,274
139
1,319
117
567
84
633
125
654
511
2,196
475
1,759
413
South
Carolina
..............
16,033
4,533
2,252
250
2,651
155
1,626
206
986
314
1,729
1,405
3,853
890
2,936
1,313
South
Dakota
................
4,494
884
324
62
570
81
352
27
518
99
695
252
800
122
1,235
241
Tennessee
....................
22,958
7,820
4,711
532
3,531
373
1,610
222
1,685
490
1,407
2,814
4,861
1,731
5,153
1,658
Texas
............................
75,834
24,756
15,672
2,433
9,969
1,350
5,920
919
6,052
2,746
2,917
5,473
18,065
6,965
17,239
4,870
Utah
..............................
17,058
3,458
3,008
283
2,617
151
1,201
163
1,610
335
1,875
684
2,947
1,174
3,800
668
Vermont
........................
4,832
1,453
1,310
566
1,091
145
335
35
164
38
281
396
629
89
1,022
184
Virginia
..........................
33,599
11,149
6,642
1,016
7,147
821
2,824
361
3,381
1,332
872
3,427
6,777
2,223
5,956
1,969
Washington
...................
24,002
7,436
5,674
432
4,288
388
1,975
253
1,705
466
1,742
2,730
4,313
1,473
4,305
1,694
West
Virginia
................
8,545
2,465
1,472
132
1,108
118
537
73
649
217
959
858
1,583
332
2,237
735
Wisconsin
.....................
27,543
6,999
3,282
373
4,139
259
2,102
264
2,352
458
2,589
2,320
6,123
1,540
6,956
1,785
Wyoming
.......................
1,797
377
90
25
242
29
165
55
200
56
318
75
255
41
527
96
U.
S.
Service
Schools
...
3,037
0
1,165
0
605
0
293
0
715
0
0
0
132
0
127
0
Outlying
areas
.........
16,743
3,086
597
54
1,209
203
1,759
81
1,496
169
2,395
944
6,008
915
3,279
720
Guam
............................
365
99
22
15
21
0
18
8
11
0
122
32
81
22
90
22
Puerto
Rico
...................
16,164
2,958
563
39
1,171
203
1,720
73
1,479
169
2,236
900
5,821
882
3,174
692
Virgin
Islands
................
214
29
12
0
17
0
21
0
6
0
37
12
106
11
15
6
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
degrees
in
area
and
ethnic
studies;
English
language,
literature,
and
letters;
foreign
languages;
liberal/
general
studies;
multi/
interdisciplinary
studies;
philosophy
and
religion;
theology;
and
visual
and
performing
arts.

2
Includes
psychology
and
social
sciences
and
history.

3
Includes
biological
sciences;
physical
sciences
and
science
technologies;
and
mathematics

4
Includes
computer
and
information
sciences;
engineering;
and
engineering
technologies
5
Includes
agriculture
and
natural
resources;
architecture
and
environmental
design;
communications
and
communications
technologies;
construction
trades;
consumer
and
personal
services;
health
sciences;
home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics;
law;
library
and
archival
sciences;
marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution;
mechanics
and
repairers;
military
sciences;
parks
and
recreation;
protective
services;
public
affairs;
and
transportation
and
material
moving.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey,
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
297
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
251.
 
Earned
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
by
state:
1998
 
99
and
1999
 
2000
State
or
other
area
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)
First­
professional
degrees
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
...............................
559,954
1,200,303
439,986
44,077
78,439
564,933
1,237,875
457,056
44,808
80,057
Alabama
............................................
8,056
20,447
6,605
511
1,103
8,765
21,293
8,021
534
1,085
Alaska
...............................................
992
1,369
480
27
0
895
1,364
517
20
0
Arizona
..............................................
10,688
18,982
9,683
778
461
10,658
20,865
10,234
764
616
Arkansas
...........................................
3,305
9,248
2,271
125
471
3,885
9,405
2,377
134
494
California
...........................................
77,426
116,341
42,700
5,408
8,554
78,360
121,546
44,257
5,480
8,710
Colorado
...........................................
7,937
20,724
8,079
845
923
7,720
21,542
8,408
796
866
Connecticut
.......................................
4,545
13,975
7,370
588
886
4,298
15,072
7,964
667
951
Delaware
...........................................
1,031
4,554
1,507
166
322
1,119
4,665
1,450
181
315
District
of
Columbia
..........................
422
7,025
6,797
522
2,630
407
6,806
7,078
603
2,602
Florida
...............................................
46,067
49,531
17,113
1,974
2,858
44,548
51,333
17,901
2,174
3,144
Georgia
.............................................
8,279
28,915
10,586
1,056
2,436
7,803
29,219
10,410
1,032
2,437
Hawaii
...............................................
3,458
4,802
1,745
164
128
3,266
5,091
1,724
171
131
Idaho
.................................................
5,394
4,662
1,138
85
154
5,040
4,711
1,127
105
174
Illinois
................................................
26,108
53,180
25,843
2,624
4,526
26,561
55,036
26,578
2,498
4,470
Indiana
..............................................
10,512
30,738
7,656
1,112
1,471
11,174
31,970
8,470
1,215
1,538
Iowa
..................................................
9,303
18,253
3,698
587
1,548
9,367
18,750
3,846
569
1,569
Kansas
..............................................
6,646
14,062
4,888
436
676
7,288
14,234
4,908
418
685
Kentucky
...........................................
6,538
15,516
4,868
388
1,162
6,492
15,643
4,795
427
1,112
Louisiana
...........................................
5,700
18,767
5,899
562
1,564
5,573
19,844
5,882
612
1,528
Maine
................................................
2,137
5,581
1,158
38
193
2,208
5,672
1,195
49
215
Maryland
...........................................
7,718
20,948
10,628
1,000
1,144
7,438
21,136
10,687
977
1,049
Massachusetts
..................................
10,868
41,241
24,030
2,281
3,801
10,680
42,308
24,819
2,283
3,948
Michigan
............................................
21,731
44,289
18,499
1,431
2,463
18,851
45,754
20,317
1,496
2,354
Minnesota
.........................................
10,477
23,165
7,358
891
1,524
11,030
23,175
7,797
867
1,535
Mississippi
.........................................
6,566
10,750
3,448
351
583
6,764
10,988
3,263
347
506
Missouri
.............................................
10,356
29,001
12,637
730
2,564
10,603
30,035
13,014
791
2,573
Montana
............................................
1,488
4,955
888
83
80
1,562
5,171
951
65
70
Nebraska
...........................................
3,579
10,024
2,953
354
775
3,893
10,747
2,898
363
794
Nevada
..............................................
1,853
3,977
1,332
88
52
1,988
4,245
1,453
115
53
New
Hampshire
................................
2,913
7,453
2,414
140
208
3,038
7,776
2,438
116
183
New
Jersey
.......................................
12,219
25,574
9,248
952
1,540
12,100
26,939
9,338
1,001
1,544
New
Mexico
......................................
3,587
6,562
2,537
279
167
3,783
6,727
2,666
271
226
New
York
..........................................
50,344
92,042
46,254
3,757
7,568
50,264
94,417
47,555
3,783
7,527
North
Carolina
...................................
12,951
34,629
8,919
1,123
1,931
13,505
35,257
9,636
1,152
1,951
North
Dakota
.....................................
1,859
4,730
816
68
176
2,051
4,877
863
58
191
Ohio
..................................................
19,397
49,736
16,797
2,003
3,257
19,393
49,849
16,881
2,124
3,197
Oklahoma
..........................................
6,446
15,756
4,799
403
911
6,408
15,578
5,359
437
1,001
Oregon
..............................................
5,686
13,868
4,414
428
932
6,450
14,428
4,797
422
1,047
Pennsylvania
.....................................
23,433
63,986
20,909
2,212
4,074
24,350
66,273
21,988
2,234
4,230
Rhode
Island
.....................................
3,591
8,396
1,942
256
225
3,550
8,402
1,864
258
265
South
Carolina
..................................
6,538
15,764
4,653
444
794
6,796
16,033
4,533
429
853
South
Dakota
....................................
1,695
4,246
980
65
188
1,833
4,494
884
78
195
Tennessee
........................................
7,500
21,988
7,174
678
1,416
7,708
22,958
7,820
724
1,518
Texas
................................................
28,661
73,576
23,234
2,708
4,963
30,816
75,834
24,756
2,693
5,288
Utah
..................................................
7,443
17,600
3,503
376
362
7,867
17,058
3,458
350
382
Vermont
............................................
1,546
4,763
1,401
52
255
1,594
4,832
1,453
65
233
Virginia
..............................................
11,970
30,967
10,955
1,124
1,945
11,499
33,599
11,149
1,122
2,181
Washington
.......................................
18,751
23,056
7,319
711
1,038
19,268
24,002
7,436
647
1,075
West
Virginia
.....................................
2,975
8,486
2,441
139
391
3,049
8,545
2,465
134
376
Wisconsin
..........................................
9,233
27,345
7,024
891
980
9,381
27,543
6,999
884
951
Wyoming
...........................................
2,036
1,784
396
63
66
1,994
1,797
377
73
119
U.
S.
Service
Schools
2
......................
0
2,974
0
0
0
0
3,037
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
..............................
5,628
15,380
1,962
99
641
8,563
16,743
3,086
139
830
American
Samoa
..............................
143
0
0
0
0
148
0
0
0
0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.......
7
0
0
0
0
84
0
0
0
0
Guam
................................................
79
374
70
0
0
88
365
99
0
0
Marshall
Islands
................................
59
0
0
0
0
55
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
............................
73
0
0
0
0
84
0
0
0
0
Palau
.................................................
27
0
0
0
0
41
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.......................................
5,169
14,765
1,851
99
641
7,993
16,164
2,958
139
830
Virgin
Islands
....................................
71
241
41
0
0
70
214
29
0
0
1
Includes
degrees
which
require
at
least
6
years
of
college
work
for
completion
(
including
at
least
2
years
of
preprofessional
training).
See
Definitions
for
details.

2
Excludes
Uniformed
Services
University
of
the
Health
Sciences,
National
Defense
University,
Air
Force
Institute
of
Technology,
Community
College
of
the
Air
Force,
Naval
Postgraduate
School,
Joint
Military
Intelligence
College,
and
the
U.
S.
Army
Command
and
General
Staff
College.
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
298
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
252.
 
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
field
of
study:
1988
 
89
to
1999
 
2000
Field
of
study
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
......................................................................................
436,764
455,102
481,720
504,231
514,756
530,632
539,691
555,216
571,226
558,555
559,954
564,933
Agriculture
and
natural
resources,
total
....................................
4,725
4,832
4,910
5,251
5,398
5,636
5,730
6,182
6,463
6,673
6,633
6,667
Agricultural
business
and
production
...................................
2,884
2,894
2,905
3,046
3,222
3,434
3,564
3,846
4,176
4,247
4,327
4,350
Agricultural
sciences
.............................................................
963
925
879
951
837
871
829
877
845
959
894
943
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources
..................
878
1,013
1,126
1,254
1,339
1,331
1,337
1,459
1,442
1,467
1,412
1,374
Architecture
and
related
programs
............................................
1,815
2,013
2,031
443
372
353
277
256
316
265
405
392
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..............................................
16
68
19
29
33
75
68
111
84
104
308
259
Biological/
life
sciences
..............................................................
982
1,023
1,119
1,361
1,435
1,771
1,879
2,037
2,116
2,113
2,211
1,434
Business
management
and
administrative
services
.................
92,481
92,390
89,537
93,762
91,719
92,284
90,113
93,487
95,532
91,399
91,190
92,274
Accounting
............................................................................
14,266
14,858
14,577
15,687
15,115
15,307
14,970
15,926
16,017
14,807
14,325
13,562
Business,
general
.................................................................
11,929
11,878
11,618
11,823
11,190
11,452
11,622
11,397
11,385
11,311
11,514
12,283
Business
administration
and
management
..........................
27,252
28,292
26,625
31,185
29,556
29,691
28,968
28,901
29,804
28,793
28,615
28,486
Business
and
management,
other
.......................................
11,162
11,691
11,663
11,089
12,285
11,114
10,233
9,950
12,166
8,632
8,575
7,841
Business
data
processing
....................................................
9,831
8,532
8,182
6,394
6,405
6,883
6,962
7,381
8,553
8,576
10,003
13,129
Secretarial
and
related
programs
.........................................
18,041
17,139
16,872
17,584
17,168
17,837
17,358
19,932
17,607
19,280
18,158
16,973
Communications
........................................................................
1,777
1,657
1,847
1,886
1,904
2,052
3,160
2,187
2,030
2,368
2,639
2,754
Communications
technologies
..................................................
1,993
2,027
2,032
1,794
1,828
2,469
1,984
1,757
1,743
1,602
1,541
1,709
Computer
and
information
sciences
.........................................
7,900
7,574
7,677
9,290
9,196
9,301
9,152
9,658
10,990
13,870
16,968
20,450
Construction
trades
...................................................................
1,731
1,765
1,793
1,560
1,653
1,695
1,728
2,141
1,928
2,172
2,137
2,337
Consumer
and
personal
services
.............................................
2,815
2,121
2,494
4,420
4,692
5,175
5,626
7,721
8,211
7,744
9,206
9,570
Education
...................................................................................
7,445
8,061
7,842
10,267
9,315
9,271
9,658
9,750
10,526
9,278
9,971
8,226
Engineering
...............................................................................
2,676
2,345
2,451
2,685
2,478
2,445
2,232
2,197
1,952
2,149
2,033
1,752
Engineering­
related
technologies
..............................................
42,593
40,033
37,890
35,861
36,321
35,618
34,732
33,002
33,810
32,748
34,047
35,395
English
language
and
literature/
letters
......................................
468
527
426
1,019
1,320
1,289
1,548
1,310
1,455
1,609
1,621
947
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
............................................
324
329
327
433
511
492
616
607
689
543
549
501
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
..................................
59,535
64,113
70,833
79,453
86,237
94,601
98,474
101,872
98,921
92,031
90,557
84,081
Dental
assisting
....................................................................
3,650
3,697
3,810
4,013
4,165
4,259
4,312
4,564
4,866
4,904
6,628
5,566
Emergency
medical
technician­
ambulance
and
paramedic
354
332
371
378
442
510
771
889
1,048
975
918
1,152
Medical
lab
technician
..........................................................
1,724
1,627
1,731
1,874
2,172
2,570
2,769
2,982
2,641
2,370
2,033
1,644
Medical
assisting
..................................................................
1,786
1,404
1,496
1,960
2,130
2,785
3,544
4,941
5,019
5,102
5,358
5,414
Nursing
assisting
..................................................................
12
0
5
19
86
6
2
7
13
23
12
7
Practical
nursing
...................................................................
591
589
797
795
890
740
772
605
429
499
447
575
Nursing,
R.
N.
and
other
.......................................................
36,475
40,212
45,317
51,193
54,085
57,405
57,456
56,562
53,103
47,365
43,035
40,772
Health
sciences,
other
..........................................................
14,943
16,252
17,306
19,221
22,267
26,326
28,848
31,322
31,802
30,793
32,126
28,951
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.................
7,559
7,798
8,067
6,436
6,914
7,463
7,821
8,192
8,551
8,292
8,502
8,381
Law
and
legal
studies
...............................................................
3,742
4,552
5,484
7,053
8,028
8,681
9,140
9,106
8,968
7,797
7,400
7,265
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities
.....
121,988
133,466
142,722
154,594
158,040
165,106
170,817
174,970
181,341
186,248
181,977
187,454
Library
science
..........................................................................
101
107
111
103
85
118
101
94
126
96
86
98
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
......................
14,338
14,015
12,713
8,465
7,445
6,736
6,187
5,960
5,656
5,516
5,452
5,557
Mathematics
..............................................................................
654
756
670
744
743
704
782
758
792
844
823
675
Mechanics
and
repairers
...........................................................
7,769
7,704
7,640
10,264
10,966
11,332
11,497
12,524
12,180
10,616
10,806
11,614
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.....................................................
7,737
8,176
7,454
7,841
8,486
8,436
8,692
8,611
9,182
9,401
8,658
11,784
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
..........................
641
485
425
620
717
755
864
936
913
895
871
855
Philosophy
and
religion
.............................................................
81
93
89
60
111
82
81
83
89
94
74
63
Physical
sciences
......................................................................
1,838
2,021
2,091
2,066
2,241
2,546
2,456
2,612
2,526
2,286
2,399
2,460
Physical
sciences,
other
.......................................................
1,090
1,279
1,281
1,228
1,390
1,567
1,645
1,749
1,728
1,584
1,594
1,350
Science
technologies
............................................................
748
742
810
838
851
979
811
863
798
702
805
1,110
Precision
production
trades
.......................................................
7,414
8,616
9,093
9,005
9,204
9,357
9,344
10,217
10,368
11,085
11,598
11,814
Protective
services
....................................................................
11,682
12,855
13,564
15,117
16,834
18,199
19,709
19,196
19,889
19,002
17,430
16,298
Criminal
justice
and
corrections
...........................................
9,663
10,658
11,358
12,649
14,295
15,262
16,584
15,990
16,644
15,915
14,448
13,487
Fire
control
and
safety
..........................................................
1,493
1,621
1,634
1,989
2,020
2,243
2,447
2,523
2,638
2,480
2,395
2,364
Protective
services,
other
.....................................................
526
576
572
479
519
694
678
683
607
607
587
447
Psychology
................................................................................
1,090
1,115
997
1,209
1,237
1,377
1,600
1,583
1,612
1,765
1,625
1,455
Public
administration
and
services
............................................
2,493
2,613
2,779
3,162
3,301
3,696
3,882
4,218
4,270
4,156
3,881
3,656
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
...........................................
164
129
85
172
52
265
364
556
556
22
42
65
Social
sciences
and
history
.......................................................
2,741
2,872
2,505
3,160
3,930
3,936
3,634
4,021
4,056
4,196
4,550
5,136
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
.....................................
568
653
578
496
508
641
607
608
574
570
476
636
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
............................
2,090
2,619
2,609
2,418
2,210
1,922
1,446
1,571
1,612
1,009
1,154
1,021
Visual
and
performing
arts
........................................................
8,178
8,740
9,126
11,888
12,690
13,227
12,544
13,534
13,593
14,980
17,640
17,100
Fine
arts,
general
.................................................................
1,091
1,150
1,166
1,159
1,346
1,473
1,420
1,515
1,516
1,281
3,029
1,314
Design
and
music
.................................................................
5,340
5,900
5,986
9,142
9,699
10,173
9,805
10,579
10,459
11,591
12,026
12,780
Visual
and
performing
arts,
other
.........................................
1,747
1,690
1,974
1,587
1,645
1,581
1,319
1,440
1,618
2,108
2,585
3,006
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
..................................................
4,620
4,839
19,690
9,844
6,602
1,526
1,146
1,591
7,606
3,017
2,494
2,798
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
299
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
253.
 
Associate
degrees
and
other
subbaccalaureate
awards
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
length
of
curriculum,
sex
of
student,
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
Field
of
study
Less
than
1­
year
awards
1­
to
less
than
4­
year
awards
Associate
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
...............................................................................................
119,498
55,816
63,682
140,903
62,420
78,483
564,933
224,721
340,212
Agriculture
and
natural
resources,
total
................................................
1,526
1,198
328
1,918
1,355
563
6,667
4,353
2,314
Agricultural
business
and
production
...............................................
1,453
1,145
308
1,659
1,176
483
4,350
2,842
1,508
Agricultural
sciences
.........................................................................
5
2
3
108
64
44
943
462
481
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources
..............................
68
51
17
151
115
36
1,374
1,049
325
Architecture
and
related
programs
........................................................
21
3
18
83
13
70
392
101
291
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..........................................................
227
62
165
87
13
74
259
56
203
Biological/
life
sciences
..........................................................................
21
14
7
36
18
18
1,434
481
953
Business
management
and
administrative
services
.............................
19,024
6,023
13,001
23,669
5,174
18,495
92,274
27,584
64,690
Accounting
........................................................................................
1,910
331
1,579
3,190
469
2,721
13,562
2,529
11,033
Business,
general
.............................................................................
853
421
432
1,227
359
868
12,283
4,324
7,959
Business
administration
and
management
......................................
2,005
825
1,180
2,391
791
1,600
28,486
10,179
18,307
Business
and
management,
other
...................................................
2,661
1,198
1,463
1,861
621
1,240
7,841
2,768
5,073
Business
data
processing
................................................................
4,543
2,456
2,087
4,681
2,282
2,399
13,129
6,985
6,144
Secretarial
and
related
programs
.....................................................
7,052
792
6,260
10,319
652
9,667
16,973
799
16,174
Communications
....................................................................................
243
134
109
193
98
95
2,754
1,435
1,319
Communications
technologies
..............................................................
301
160
141
515
309
206
1,709
1,059
650
Computer
and
information
sciences
.....................................................
8,984
5,763
3,221
9,177
5,752
3,425
20,450
11,700
8,750
Construction
trades
...............................................................................
2,656
2,496
160
4,701
4,477
224
2,337
2,220
117
Consumer
and
personal
services
.........................................................
4,353
1,107
3,246
7,055
1,740
5,315
9,570
5,560
4,010
Education
...............................................................................................
2,014
556
1,458
582
43
539
8,226
1,702
6,524
Engineering
...........................................................................................
127
105
22
28
27
1
1,752
1,509
243
Engineering­
related
technologies
..........................................................
4,671
3,792
879
6,590
5,713
877
35,395
30,736
4,659
English
language
and
literature/
letters
..................................................
341
154
187
28
12
16
947
333
614
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
........................................................
291
85
206
18
5
13
501
235
266
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
..............................................
31,945
6,845
25,100
41,857
5,817
36,040
84,081
11,728
72,353
Dental
assisting
................................................................................
945
56
889
3,702
155
3,547
5,566
276
5,290
Emergency
medical
technician­
ambulance
and
paramedic
.............
5,978
3,735
2,243
2,050
1,429
621
1,152
772
380
Medical
lab
technician
......................................................................
160
18
142
351
182
169
1,644
350
1,294
Medical
assisting
..............................................................................
4,235
314
3,921
6,008
300
5,708
5,414
234
5,180
Nursing
assisting
..............................................................................
9,446
806
8,640
222
20
202
7
0
7
Practical
nursing
...............................................................................
495
53
442
16,991
1,300
15,691
575
46
529
Nursing,
R.
N.
and
other
...................................................................
1,042
81
961
2,019
205
1,814
40,772
4,343
36,429
Health
sciences,
other
......................................................................
9,644
1,782
7,862
10,514
2,226
8,288
28,951
5,707
23,244
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.............................
6,770
1,789
4,981
4,243
387
3,856
8,381
704
7,677
Law
and
legal
studies
...........................................................................
794
147
647
1,293
201
1,092
7,265
881
6,384
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities
.................
339
108
231
1,999
786
1,213
187,454
69,746
117,708
Library
science
......................................................................................
124
10
114
47
6
41
98
8
90
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
..................................
2,874
609
2,265
919
286
633
5,557
1,381
4,176
Mathematics
..........................................................................................
7
6
1
7
5
2
675
408
267
Mechanics
and
repairers
.......................................................................
6,703
5,973
730
18,270
17,359
911
11,614
10,791
823
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.................................................................
192
52
140
188
43
145
11,784
5,521
6,263
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
......................................
121
54
67
121
59
62
855
511
344
Philosophy
and
religion
.........................................................................
1
1
0
27
10
17
63
32
31
Physical
sciences
..................................................................................
163
109
54
128
84
44
2,460
1,299
1,161
Physical
sciences,
other
...................................................................
24
8
16
14
8
6
1,350
645
705
Science
technologies
........................................................................
139
101
38
114
76
38
1,110
654
456
Precision
production
trades
...................................................................
4,283
3,559
724
8,691
7,364
1,327
11,814
9,200
2,614
Protective
services
................................................................................
9,633
7,546
2,087
3,220
2,495
725
16,298
10,507
5,791
Criminal
justice
and
corrections
.......................................................
7,846
5,901
1,945
2,459
1,829
630
13,487
8,051
5,436
Fire
control
and
safety
......................................................................
1,742
1,603
139
669
619
50
2,364
2,178
186
Protective
services,
other
.................................................................
45
42
3
92
47
45
447
278
169
Psychology
............................................................................................
60
6
54
23
4
19
1,455
326
1,129
Public
administration
and
services
........................................................
392
64
328
386
72
314
3,656
555
3,101
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
.......................................................
40
33
7
0
0
0
65
54
11
Social
sciences
and
history
...................................................................
82
47
35
58
19
39
5,136
1,791
3,345
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
.................................................
101
34
67
538
308
230
636
355
281
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
........................................
8,560
6,389
2,171
741
675
66
1,021
870
151
Visual
and
performing
arts
....................................................................
1,210
642
568
3,118
1,565
1,553
17,100
7,999
9,101
Fine
arts,
general
.............................................................................
27
7
20
98
47
51
1,314
515
799
Design
and
music
.............................................................................
905
527
378
1,407
1,330
77
12,780
5,814
6,966
Visual
and
performing
arts,
other
.....................................................
278
108
170
1,613
188
1,425
3,006
1,670
1,336
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
..............................................................
304
141
163
349
126
223
2,798
990
1,808
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
300
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
254.
 
Associate
degrees
and
other
subbaccalaureate
awards
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
length
of
curriculum,
sex
of
student,
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
Field
of
study
Less
than
1­
year
awards
1­
to
less
than
4­
year
awards
Associate
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
..................................................................................................
113,713
54,650
59,063
138,731
57,526
81,205
559,954
218,417
341,537
Agriculture
and
natural
resources,
total
................................................
1,981
1,524
457
1,885
1,296
589
6,633
4,320
2,313
Agricultural
business
and
production
...............................................
1,766
1,391
375
1,633
1,116
517
4,327
2,800
1,527
Agricultural
sciences
.........................................................................
25
13
12
99
65
34
894
440
454
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources
..............................
190
120
70
153
115
38
1,412
1,080
332
Architecture
and
related
programs
........................................................
2
0
2
34
6
28
405
67
338
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..........................................................
221
54
167
65
21
44
308
66
242
Biological/
life
sciences
..........................................................................
39
28
11
33
24
9
2,211
765
1,446
Business
management
and
administrative
services
.............................
16,993
4,860
12,133
23,655
4,422
19,233
91,190
25,699
65,491
Accounting
........................................................................................
1,430
248
1,182
3,754
631
3,123
14,325
2,737
11,588
Business,
general
.............................................................................
516
238
278
1,559
383
1,176
11,514
4,108
7,406
Business
administration
and
management
......................................
1,951
838
1,113
2,260
671
1,589
28,615
10,160
18,455
Business
and
management,
other
...................................................
2,998
1,384
1,614
1,715
515
1,200
8,575
3,055
5,520
Business
data
processing
................................................................
3,184
1,631
1,553
3,384
1,576
1,808
10,003
4,727
5,276
Secretarial
and
related
programs
.....................................................
6,914
521
6,393
10,983
646
10,337
18,158
912
17,246
Communications
....................................................................................
385
210
175
152
74
78
2,639
1,346
1,293
Communications
technologies
..............................................................
172
110
62
525
360
165
1,541
961
580
Computer
and
information
sciences
.....................................................
6,422
3,505
2,917
5,975
3,274
2,701
16,968
9,420
7,548
Construction
trades
...............................................................................
2,041
1,896
145
4,474
4,291
183
2,137
2,029
108
Consumer
and
personal
services
.........................................................
3,614
1,039
2,575
5,787
1,379
4,408
9,206
5,479
3,727
Education
...............................................................................................
1,760
461
1,299
871
79
792
9,971
2,356
7,615
Engineering
...........................................................................................
247
200
47
188
165
23
2,033
1,719
314
Engineering­
related
technologies
..........................................................
4,298
3,508
790
7,122
6,210
912
34,047
29,534
4,513
English
language
and
literature/
letters
..................................................
387
149
238
41
19
22
1,621
575
1,046
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
........................................................
270
92
178
32
4
28
549
244
305
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
..............................................
31,550
8,159
23,391
44,297
5,960
38,337
90,557
13,340
77,217
Dental
assisting
................................................................................
747
56
691
4,093
179
3,914
6,628
308
6,320
Emergency
medical
technician­
ambulance
and
paramedic
.............
7,894
4,958
2,936
1,984
1,357
627
918
604
314
Medical
lab
technician
......................................................................
114
15
99
70
16
54
2,033
467
1,566
Medical
assisting
..............................................................................
3,869
324
3,545
7,056
359
6,697
5,358
224
5,134
Nursing
assisting
..............................................................................
8,457
686
7,771
531
56
475
12
0
12
Practical
nursing
...............................................................................
529
67
462
17,756
1,506
16,250
447
28
419
Nursing,
R.
N.
and
other
...................................................................
1,017
183
834
1,635
162
1,473
43,035
4,983
38,052
Health
sciences,
other
......................................................................
8,923
1,870
7,053
11,172
2,325
8,847
32,126
6,726
25,400
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.............................
5,551
1,379
4,172
5,424
470
4,954
8,502
699
7,803
Law
and
legal
studies
...........................................................................
722
88
634
1,442
234
1,208
7,400
886
6,514
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities
.................
652
255
397
497
196
301
181,977
68,209
113,768
Library
science
......................................................................................
117
9
108
66
4
62
86
5
81
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
..................................
2,073
515
1,558
1,227
321
906
5,452
1,373
4,079
Mathematics
..........................................................................................
27
17
10
1
1
0
823
451
372
Mechanics
and
repairers
.......................................................................
5,708
5,178
530
16,231
15,258
973
10,806
9,915
891
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.................................................................
954
343
611
96
44
52
8,658
3,997
4,661
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
......................................
86
40
46
112
55
57
871
529
342
Philosophy
and
religion
.........................................................................
40
13
27
73
36
37
74
35
39
Physical
sciences
..................................................................................
87
31
56
164
90
74
2,399
1,198
1,201
Physical
sciences,
other
...................................................................
22
10
12
50
24
26
1,594
770
824
Science
technologies
........................................................................
65
21
44
114
66
48
805
428
377
Precision
production
trades
...................................................................
4,186
3,569
617
9,506
8,100
1,406
11,598
9,009
2,589
Protective
services
................................................................................
13,492
10,507
2,985
3,110
2,210
900
17,430
11,449
5,981
Criminal
justice
and
corrections
.......................................................
10,740
8,002
2,738
2,243
1,460
783
14,448
8,863
5,585
Fire
control
and
safety
......................................................................
2,751
2,504
247
758
675
83
2,395
2,205
190
Protective
services,
other
.................................................................
1
1
0
109
75
34
587
381
206
Psychology
............................................................................................
37
3
34
22
8
14
1,625
395
1,230
Public
administration
and
services
........................................................
330
63
267
446
102
344
3,881
613
3,268
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
.......................................................
3
3
0
0
0
0
42
40
2
Social
sciences
and
history
...................................................................
141
77
64
58
21
37
4,550
1,593
2,957
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
.................................................
102
46
56
629
317
312
476
229
247
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
........................................
7,349
5,894
1,455
698
603
95
1,154
975
179
Visual
and
performing
arts
....................................................................
1,012
524
488
3,033
1,547
1,486
17,640
7,942
9,698
Fine
arts,
general
.............................................................................
165
102
63
122
42
80
3,029
1,160
1,869
Design
and
music
.............................................................................
592
313
279
3,537
1,388
1,264
12,026
5,319
6,707
Visual
and
performing
arts,
other
.....................................................
255
109
146
259
117
142
2,585
1,463
1,122
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
..............................................................
662
301
361
760
325
435
2,494
955
1,539
NOTE:
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
301
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
255.
 
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Discipline
division
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
...................................................
839,730
925,746
935,140
987,823
1,018,755
1,051,344
1,094,538
1,136,553
1,165,178
1,169,275
1,160,134
1,164,792
1,172,879
1,184,406
1,200,303
1,237,875
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
..........
12,672
19,402
21,886
16,823
13,492
12,900
13,124
15,124
16,778
18,070
19,841
21,431
22,602
23,284
23,930
24,247
Architecture
and
related
programs
........
5,570
9,146
9,455
9,119
9,150
9,364
9,781
8,753
9,167
8,975
8,756
8,352
7,944
7,652
8,246
8,462
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..........
2,582
3,577
2,887
3,178
4,102
4,613
4,884
5,342
5,481
5,573
5,706
5,786
5,839
6,153
6,252
6,381
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
............
35,743
54,275
43,216
38,524
36,059
37,204
39,530
42,941
47,038
51,383
55,984
60,994
63,975
65,868
65,014
63,532
Business
.................................................
114,729
142,034
198,983
237,319
246,399
248,698
249,311
256,603
256,842
246,654
234,323
227,102
226,633
233,119
242,236
257,709
Communications
.....................................
10,324
20,045
29,428
41,666
47,405
50,114
51,650
54,257
53,874
51,164
48,104
47,320
47,230
49,385
51,384
55,760
Communications
technologies
...............
478
1,237
1,854
1,410
1,204
1,194
1,123
720
832
663
699
683
538
729
935
1,150
Computer
and
information
sciences
......
2,388
5,652
15,121
41,889
30,454
27,257
25,083
24,557
24,200
24,200
24,404
24,098
24,768
26,852
29,345
36,195
Education
...............................................
176,307
154,437
108,074
87,114
96,913
105,112
110,807
108,006
107,781
107,600
106,079
105,509
105,233
105,968
107,172
108,168
Engineering
............................................
44,898
38,388
63,287
76,225
66,099
63,609
61,531
61,206
61,973
62,220
62,342
62,114
61,185
59,910
57,918
58,427
Engineering­
related
technologies
...........
5,148
7,943
11,713
19,435
18,903
17,713
17,119
16,335
16,078
16,005
15,812
15,323
13,972
14,000
13,986
14,128
English
language
and
literature/
letters
..
64,342
42,006
32,254
34,552
42,470
47,519
51,841
54,951
56,133
53,924
51,901
50,698
49,345
49,708
50,535
50,920
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.........
20,536
16,484
11,273
10,984
11,693
12,386
13,133
13,903
14,387
14,378
13,775
13,952
13,674
14,451
14,962
14,968
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
25,226
53,958
63,649
64,396
59,005
58,302
59,070
61,720
67,089
74,421
79,855
84,036
85,631
84,379
82,622
78,458
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
...........................................
11,167
17,409
18,370
14,889
14,160
14,491
14,892
14,898
15,100
15,522
15,345
15,803
16,571
17,296
17,689
17,779
Law
and
legal
studies
............................
545
531
776
1,197
1,976
1,592
1,758
2,144
2,056
2,171
2,032
2,052
2,038
2,017
1,901
1,925
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,

general
studies,
and
humanities
.......
7,481
18,855
21,643
21,336
26,388
27,985
30,526
32,174
33,456
33,397
33,356
33,997
34,776
33,202
34,772
36,104
Library
science
.......................................
1,013
843
375
155
121
77
90
97
83
62
50
58
48
73
78
154
Mathematics
...........................................
24,937
16,329
11,433
17,147
15,994
15,176
15,310
14,783
14,812
14,396
13,723
13,143
12,820
12,328
12,539
12,070
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.................
6,286
13,588
12,848
13,489
15,168
16,267
17,561
20,647
23,955
25,167
26,033
26,515
26,137
26,163
26,581
27,460
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
................................................
1,621
5,182
5,729
4,620
4,376
4,582
4,315
8,446
9,859
11,470
12,889
13,983
15,401
16,781
18,064
19,111
Philosophy
and
religion
..........................
8,146
8,447
6,776
6,239
6,425
6,868
7,315
7,526
7,781
7,546
7,276
7,388
7,685
8,207
8,263
8,366
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
........................................
21,412
21,465
23,952
21,717
17,186
16,066
16,344
16,960
17,545
18,400
19,177
19,647
19,531
19,416
18,337
18,385
Precision
production
trades
...................
 
 
 
400
482
528
460
378
388
420
353
401
326
407
386
393
Protective
services
.................................
2,045
12,507
13,707
12,704
14,698
15,354
16,806
18,855
20,902
23,009
24,157
24,810
25,165
25,076
24,601
24,877
Psychology
.............................................
38,187
50,278
41,068
40,628
48,910
53,952
58,655
63,513
66,728
69,259
72,083
73,291
74,191
73,972
73,536
74,060
Public
administration
and
services
........
5,466
15,440
16,707
11,887
13,162
13,908
14,350
15,987
16,775
17,815
18,586
19,849
20,649
20,408
20,287
20,185
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
........
357
952
42
256
198
196
183
184
11
19
27
7
4
3
2
7
Social
sciences
and
history
...................
155,324
126,396
100,513
93,840
108,151
118,083
125,107
133,974
135,703
133,680
128,154
126,479
124,891
125,040
124,658
127,101
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
..
3,744
5,520
5,841
5,607
5,318
5,200
4,813
4,729
5,433
5,434
5,578
5,358
5,591
5,903
6,280
6,809
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
...............................................
662
1,282
1,801
1,837
2,062
2,387
2,622
3,598
3,930
3,923
3,698
3,561
3,547
3,206
3,383
3,395
Visual
and
performing
arts
.....................
30,394
42,138
40,479
37,241
38,227
39,934
42,186
46,522
47,761
49,053
48,690
49,296
50,083
52,077
54,404
58,791
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
...............
0
0
0
0
2,405
2,713
13,258
6,720
5,247
3,302
1,346
1,756
4,856
1,373
5
2,398
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
The
new
Classification
of
Instructional
Programs
was
initiated
in
1991
 
92.
The
figures
for
earlier
years
have
been
reclassified
when
necessary
to
make
them
conform
to
the
new
taxonomy.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services;
and
``
Engineering­
related
technologies''
includes
Engineering
related
technologies,
Mechanics
and
repairers,
and
Construction
trades.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
302
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
256.
 
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Discipline
division
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
.....................................................
230,509
311,771
295,739
288,567
310,621
324,301
337,168
352,838
369,585
387,070
397,629
406,301
419,401
430,164
439,986
457,056
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
............
2,457
3,340
4,003
3,801
3,245
3,382
3,295
3,735
3,965
4,119
4,252
4,569
4,516
4,475
4,417
4,375
Architecture
and
related
programs
..........
1,705
3,215
3,153
3,260
3,383
3,499
3,490
3,640
3,808
3,943
3,923
3,993
4,034
4,347
4,172
4,268
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
............
1,032
995
804
945
1,016
1,212
1,263
1,385
1,523
1,633
1,639
1,713
1,651
1,617
1,500
1,591
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
..............
5,728
6,582
5,978
5,013
4,961
4,869
4,765
4,785
4,756
5,196
5,393
6,157
6,466
6,261
6,192
6,198
Business
...................................................
25,977
42,054
57,391
66,689
73,065
76,676
78,255
84,642
89,615
93,437
93,809
93,982
97,619
102,171
108,085
112,258
Communications
......................................
1,770
2,961
2,896
3,500
3,940
4,063
4,123
4,180
4,754
5,005
5,142
5,080
5,227
5,611
5,293
5,169
Communications
technologies
.................
86
165
209
323
317
299
213
284
455
414
467
524
374
564
325
436
Computer
and
information
sciences
........
1,588
2,603
4,218
8,070
9,414
9,677
9,324
9,530
10,163
10,416
10,326
10,151
10,098
11,246
12,250
14,264
Education
.................................................
87,666
126,061
96,713
74,801
81,174
84,881
87,343
92,668
96,028
98,938
101,242
106,253
110,087
114,691
119,427
124,240
Engineering
..............................................
16,309
16,014
16,386
21,040
23,740
23,863
23,962
24,983
27,626
28,621
28,553
27,441
25,787
25,936
25,544
25,596
Engineering­
related
technologies
............
134
328
323
617
828
909
996
994
1,100
1,133
1,117
1,125
1,040
1,152
1,014
926
English
language
and
literature/
letters
....
10,686
8,809
5,929
5,518
5,950
6,567
7,026
7,450
7,790
7,885
7,845
7,893
7,722
7,795
7,478
7,230
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...........
5,217
4,190
2,690
2,494
2,595
2,760
2,800
2,926
3,198
3,288
3,136
3,124
3,077
2,927
2,860
2,780
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
5,749
12,556
16,515
18,573
19,268
20,321
21,200
23,065
25,718
28,025
31,243
33,398
35,958
39,260
40,589
42,456
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
............................................
1,452
2,179
2,570
2,294
2,164
2,100
2,019
2,412
2,479
2,421
2,864
2,917
2,888
2,914
2,880
2,830
Law
and
legal
studies
..............................
955
1,442
1,832
1,924
2,013
1,888
2,057
2,369
2,197
2,432
2,511
2,751
2,886
3,228
3,308
3,750
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,

general
studies,
and
humanities
.........
885
2,633
2,375
1,586
1,850
1,999
2,213
2,394
2,416
2,496
2,565
2,778
2,661
2,801
3,101
3,256
Library
science
.........................................
7,001
8,037
4,859
3,564
3,906
4,341
4,763
4,893
4,871
5,116
5,057
5,099
4,982
4,871
4,752
4,577
Mathematics
.............................................
5,695
4,315
3,074
3,607
3,903
4,146
4,041
4,011
4,067
4,100
4,181
4,031
3,783
3,643
3,466
3,412
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...................
821
1,158
2,144
2,625
2,762
2,834
1,796
2,126
2,498
2,464
2,457
2,347
2,819
2,677
2,663
3,064
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
..................................................
218
571
643
570
535
529
483
1,358
1,434
1,625
1,755
1,751
1,966
2,024
2,076
2,478
Philosophy
and
religion
............................
1,326
1,356
1,229
1,163
1,280
1,306
1,441
1,146
1,425
1,350
1,380
1,302
1,252
1,307
1,295
1,329
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
.........................................
6,367
5,466
5,284
5,902
5,723
5,449
5,309
5,374
5,366
5,679
5,753
5,847
5,563
5,361
5,159
4,841
Precision
production
trades
.....................
 
 
 
0
0
3
0
0
2
2
5
8
3
15
7
5
Protective
services
...................................
194
1,197
1,538
1,074
1,047
1,151
1,108
1,249
1,357
1,437
1,706
1,812
1,845
2,000
2,249
2,609
Psychology
...............................................
5,717
10,167
10,223
9,845
9,940
10,730
11,349
10,215
10,957
12,181
13,921
13,792
14,353
13,747
14,247
14,465
Public
administration
and
services
..........
7,785
15,209
17,803
15,692
17,020
17,399
17,905
19,243
20,634
21,833
23,501
24,229
24,781
25,144
24,925
25,594
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
..........
2
0
43
83
0
0
0
0
108
124
124
136
136
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
.....................
16,539
15,953
11,945
10,564
11,023
11,634
12,233
12,702
13,471
14,561
14,845
15,012
14,787
14,938
14,431
14,066
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
...
2,710
3,290
4,220
4,556
4,749
4,959
4,810
5,185
4,985
4,956
5,240
5,107
4,975
4,692
4,727
5,576
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
.................................................
63
108
120
454
692
538
406
385
495
664
823
919
919
736
713
697
Visual
and
performing
arts
.......................
6,675
8,817
8,629
8,420
8,267
8,481
8,657
9,353
9,440
9,925
10,277
10,280
10,627
11,145
10,753
10,918
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.................
0
0
0
0
851
1,836
8,523
4,156
884
1,651
577
780
4,519
868
88
1,802
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
The
new
Classification
of
Instructional
Programs
was
initiated
in
1991
 
92.
The
figures
for
earlier
years
have
been
reclassified
when
necessary
to
make
them
conform
to
the
new
taxonomy.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services;
and
``
Engineering­
related
technologies''
includes
Engineering
related
technologies,
Mechanics
and
repairers,
and
Construction
trades.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
303
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
257.
 
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
discipline
division:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Discipline
division
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
.....................................................
32,107
34,064
32,958
33,653
35,720
38,371
39,294
40,659
42,132
43,185
44,446
44,652
45,876
46,010
44,077
44,808
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
............
1,086
928
1,067
1,158
1,183
1,295
1,185
1,214
1,173
1,278
1,264
1,271
1,217
1,302
1,248
1,181
Architecture
and
related
programs
...........
36
82
93
73
86
103
135
132
148
161
141
141
135
131
123
129
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
.............
144
188
162
159
114
131
167
155
178
155
186
184
182
181
197
217
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
..............
3,645
3,392
3,718
3,358
3,520
3,844
4,093
4,243
4,435
4,534
4,645
4,780
4,812
4,961
4,619
4,867
Business
...................................................
757
900
795
934
1,100
1,093
1,185
1,242
1,346
1,364
1,394
1,368
1,336
1,290
1,202
1,196
Communications
.......................................
145
196
171
212
247
267
259
252
293
337
320
338
296
354
347
347
Communications
technologies
.................
0
8
11
11
6
6
15
3
8
8
1
7
4
5
5
10
Computer
and
information
sciences
........
128
244
252
344
551
627
676
772
805
810
884
867
857
858
800
777
Education
.................................................
6,041
7,202
7,279
6,605
6,337
6,502
6,187
6,864
7,030
6,908
6,905
6,676
6,751
6,729
6,841
6,830
Engineering
..............................................
3,637
2,819
2,551
3,398
4,506
4,967
5,258
5,488
5,823
5,963
6,110
6,369
6,201
5,980
5,422
5,384
Engineering­
related
technologies
.............
1
2
10
12
17
14
14
11
20
16
18
11
9
14
5
6
English
language
and
literature/
letters
....
1,650
1,672
1,164
991
1,022
1,078
1,184
1,273
1,341
1,344
1,561
1,535
1,575
1,639
1,540
1,628
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...........
988
1,076
804
672
632
724
758
850
830
886
905
876
915
959
904
915
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
466
577
842
1,241
1,437
1,536
1,613
1,661
1,767
1,902
2,069
2,119
2,672
2,484
2,535
2,676
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.............................................
123
178
247
311
264
301
253
293
345
365
388
414
382
424
361
357
Law
and
legal
studies
..............................
20
76
60
54
76
111
90
68
86
79
88
91
81
66
58
74
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,

general
studies,
and
humanities
.........
32
162
121
90
72
63
70
67
81
80
90
75
77
87
78
83
Library
science
.........................................
39
71
71
62
61
42
56
50
77
45
55
53
46
48
55
68
Mathematics
.............................................
1,249
909
775
777
915
966
1,036
1,082
1,189
1,157
1,226
1,209
1,174
1,259
1,124
1,106
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
....................
59
111
158
263
212
272
220
231
196
227
238
441
451
508
441
384
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
..................................................
2
15
42
39
35
35
28
61
108
116
149
104
108
129
137
134
Philosophy
and
religion
............................
554
554
410
477
465
439
456
475
448
528
507
549
593
585
574
586
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
..........................................
4,390
3,431
3,141
3,551
3,858
4,164
4,290
4,391
4,393
4,650
4,483
4,571
4,474
4,571
4,190
4,018
Protective
services
...................................
1
9
21
21
26
38
28
24
32
25
26
38
31
39
48
52
Psychology
...............................................
2,144
3,157
3,576
3,593
3,685
3,811
3,932
3,373
3,651
3,563
3,822
3,711
4,053
4,073
4,248
4,310
Public
administration
and
services
...........
174
292
362
382
428
508
430
432
459
519
556
499
518
499
532
537
Social
sciences
and
history
.....................
3,660
4,157
3,122
2,955
2,885
3,010
3,012
3,218
3,460
3,627
3,725
3,760
3,989
4,127
3,855
4,095
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
....
312
1,033
1,276
1,185
1,166
1,317
1,079
1,259
1,417
1,448
1,591
1,521
1,395
1,460
1,452
1,643
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
.................................................
3
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Visual
and
performing
arts
.......................
621
620
654
722
753
849
838
906
882
1,054
1,080
1,067
1,060
1,163
1,130
1,127
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.................
0
0
0
0
61
258
747
569
111
36
19
7
482
85
6
71
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
first­
professional
degrees
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
The
new
Classification
of
Instructional
Programs
was
initiated
in
1991
 
92.
The
figures
for
earlier
years
have
been
reclassified
when
necessary
to
make
them
conform
to
the
new
taxonomy.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''

survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services;
and
``
Engineering­
related
technologies
includes
Engineering­
related
technologies,
Mechanics
and
repairers,
and
Construction
trades.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
304
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
fields
........................................................................................
1,237,875
530,367
707,508
457,056
191,792
265,264
44,808
25,028
19,780
Agriculture
and
natural
resources,
total
................................................
24,247
13,850
10,397
4,375
2,362
2,013
1,181
811
370
Agricultural
business
and
production,
total
......................................
5,883
3,970
1,913
541
322
219
183
137
46
Agricultural
business
and
management,
total
..............................
3,895
2,666
1,229
407
245
162
150
108
42
Agricultural
business
and
management,
general
......................
952
631
321
46
25
21
0
0
0
Agricultural
business/
agribusiness
operations
..........................
1,500
1,016
484
10
7
3
0
0
0
Agricultural
economics
..............................................................
934
687
247
337
204
133
150
108
42
Agricultural
business
and
management,
other
.........................
509
332
177
14
9
5
0
0
0
Agricultural
mechanization
............................................................
266
240
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
Agricultural
production
workers
and
managers
............................
285
175
110
49
36
13
8
8
0
Horticulture
service
operations
and
management
........................
746
509
237
31
13
18
17
16
1
International
agriculture
................................................................
11
3
8
11
3
8
0
0
0
Agricultural
business
and
production,
other
.................................
680
377
303
43
25
18
8
5
3
Agricultural
sciences,
total
................................................................
8,656
4,250
4,406
1,566
846
720
652
445
207
Agriculture/
agricultural
sciences,
general
.....................................
1,450
866
584
176
95
81
6
5
1
Animal
sciences,
total
...................................................................
3,976
1,516
2,460
431
240
191
167
125
42
Animal
sciences,
general
..........................................................
3,506
1,280
2,226
328
177
151
132
94
38
Agricultural
animal
breeding
and
genetics
................................
27
20
7
10
5
5
3
3
0
Agricultural
animal
health
..........................................................
2
0
2
5
3
2
0
0
0
Agricultural
animal
nutrition
.......................................................
0
0
0
5
3
2
13
12
1
Dairy
science
.............................................................................
112
71
41
19
13
6
2
2
0
Poultry
science
..........................................................................
110
70
40
28
18
10
2
1
1
Animal
sciences,
other
..............................................................
219
75
144
36
21
15
15
13
2
Food
sciences
and
technology
.....................................................
672
222
450
270
99
171
148
81
67
Plant
sciences,
total
......................................................................
2,177
1,426
751
520
318
202
256
173
83
Plant
sciences,
general
.............................................................
421
263
158
70
44
26
36
25
11
Agronomy
and
crop
science
.....................................................
677
547
130
199
145
54
115
83
32
Horticulture
science
...................................................................
801
420
381
127
63
64
51
29
22
Plant
breeding
and
genetics
.....................................................
0
0
0
10
7
3
10
5
5
Agricultural
plant
pathology
.......................................................
9
7
2
5
3
2
8
6
2
Plant
protection
(
pest
management)
.........................................
35
26
9
16
10
6
5
3
2
Range
science
and
management
.............................................
113
81
32
54
31
23
15
12
3
Plant
sciences,
other
.................................................................
121
82
39
39
15
24
16
10
6
Soil
sciences
.................................................................................
106
69
37
111
68
43
60
47
13
Agriculture/
agricultural
sciences,
other
.........................................
275
151
124
58
26
32
15
14
1
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources,
total
.....................
9,708
5,630
4,078
2,268
1,194
1,074
346
229
117
Natural
resources
conservation,
general
......................................
5,496
2,806
2,690
1,313
623
690
118
71
47
Natural
resources
management
and
policy
..................................
657
388
269
183
96
87
3
2
1
Fishing
and
fisheries
sciences
and
management
........................
170
123
47
89
57
32
21
14
7
Forest
harvesting
and
production
technology/
technician
.............
242
167
75
16
12
4
14
11
3
Forestry,
general
...........................................................................
1,546
1,186
360
444
271
173
129
91
38
Wildlife
and
wildlands
management
.............................................
1,091
668
423
173
106
67
37
28
9
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources,
other
................
506
292
214
50
29
21
24
12
12
Architecture
and
related
programs,
total
...............................................
8,462
5,193
3,269
4,268
2,508
1,760
129
85
44
Architecture
.......................................................................................
5,005
3,352
1,653
2,288
1,473
815
45
34
11
City/
urban,
community,
and
regional
planning
.................................
467
301
166
1,298
693
605
66
38
28
Architectural
environmental
design
..................................................
692
421
271
29
8
21
2
1
1
Interior
architecture
...........................................................................
704
95
609
36
8
28
0
0
0
Landscape
architecture
....................................................................
944
621
323
340
176
164
1
0
1
Architectural
urban
design
and
planning
..........................................
0
0
0
74
45
29
1
1
0
Architecture
and
related
programs,
other
........................................
650
403
247
203
105
98
14
11
3
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies,
total
.................................................
6,381
2,064
4,317
1,591
644
947
217
106
111
Area
studies,
total
.............................................................................
3,730
1,410
2,320
1,077
490
587
167
82
85
African
studies
..............................................................................
30
14
16
34
14
20
5
5
0
American
studies/
civilization
.........................................................
1,508
543
965
214
86
128
91
36
55
Latin
American
studies
.................................................................
453
122
331
230
88
142
11
10
1
Middle
Eastern
studies
.................................................................
98
44
54
94
44
50
29
17
12
Russian
and
Slavic
studies
...........................................................
93
36
57
79
43
36
0
0
0
Asian
studies
.................................................................................
876
389
487
247
130
117
21
10
11
European
studies
..........................................................................
138
42
96
63
29
34
4
1
3
Area
studies,
other
........................................................................
534
220
314
116
56
60
6
3
3
Ethnic
and
cultural
studies,
total
......................................................
1,942
400
1,542
287
70
217
23
9
14
Afro­
American
(
black)
studies
.......................................................
604
203
401
70
29
41
7
5
2
Hispanic­
American
studies
...........................................................
256
83
173
13
3
10
0
0
0
Women's
studies
...........................................................................
771
23
748
80
1
79
5
0
5
Ethnic
studies,
other
.....................................................................
311
91
220
124
37
87
11
4
7
Area,
ethnic
and
cultural
studies,
other
...........................................
709
254
455
227
84
143
27
15
12
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences,
total
..................................................
63,532
26,504
37,028
6,198
2,773
3,425
4,867
2,722
2,145
Biology,
general
................................................................................
44,982
18,239
26,743
2,599
1,181
1,418
727
406
321
305
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Biochemistry
and
biophysics
............................................................
3,654
1,900
1,754
290
143
147
649
396
253
Botany,
total
......................................................................................
379
138
241
215
96
119
203
131
72
Botany,
general
.............................................................................
332
118
214
127
62
65
103
55
48
Plant
pathology
.............................................................................
4
3
1
71
31
40
74
59
15
Botany,
other
.................................................................................
43
17
26
17
3
14
26
17
9
Cell
and
molecular
biology,
total
......................................................
2,626
1,230
1,396
281
118
163
644
351
293
Cell
biology
...................................................................................
268
115
153
48
19
29
169
93
76
Molecular
biology
..........................................................................
759
379
380
125
54
71
252
134
118
Cell
and
molecular
biology,
other
.................................................
1,599
736
863
108
45
63
223
124
99
Microbiology/
bacteriology
.................................................................
2,948
1,297
1,651
323
135
188
383
204
179
Miscellaneous
biological
specializations,
total
.................................
3,891
1,534
2,357
1,431
531
900
1,235
650
585
Anatomy
........................................................................................
169
106
63
83
38
45
75
34
41
Ecology
.........................................................................................
982
412
570
176
90
86
129
77
52
Marine/
aquatic
biology
..................................................................
711
263
448
98
47
51
44
19
25
Neurosciences
..............................................................................
625
269
356
69
40
29
283
181
102
Nutritional
sciences
.......................................................................
476
83
393
329
33
296
125
28
97
Toxicology
.....................................................................................
50
22
28
54
22
32
76
38
38
Genetics,
plant
and
animal
...........................................................
286
116
170
133
34
99
256
135
121
Biometrics
.....................................................................................
19
12
7
63
38
25
22
15
7
Miscellaneous
specialized
areas,
other
........................................
573
251
322
426
189
237
225
123
102
Zoology,
total
....................................................................................
3,291
1,364
1,927
743
411
332
821
478
343
Zoology,
general
...........................................................................
2,629
1,085
1,544
210
113
97
137
78
59
Entomology
...................................................................................
80
43
37
138
82
56
130
95
35
Pathology,
human
and
animal
......................................................
6
2
4
50
20
30
110
59
51
Pharmacology,
human
and
animal
...............................................
59
21
38
81
36
45
231
127
104
Physiology,
human
and
animal
.....................................................
515
213
302
264
160
104
213
119
94
Zoology,
other
...............................................................................
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences,
other
............................................
1,761
802
959
316
158
158
205
106
99
Business
management,
administrative
services
and
marketing
operations
marketing
and
distribution,
total
..............................................
257,709
129,664
128,045
112,258
67,544
44,714
1,196
814
382
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
total
...............
253,531
128,012
125,519
111,666
67,237
44,429
1,193
812
381
Business,
general
.........................................................................
24,117
12,474
11,643
9,535
6,037
3,498
260
183
77
Business
administration
and
management,
total
..........................
97,149
48,747
48,402
69,338
43,241
26,097
531
364
167
Office
supervision
and
management
........................................
602
149
453
54
20
34
0
0
0
Operations
management
and
supervision
................................
2,218
1,505
713
1,564
1,099
465
7
6
1
Business
administration
and
management,
other
.....................
94,329
47,093
47,236
67,720
42,122
25,598
524
358
166
Accounting
....................................................................................
35,211
13,949
21,262
5,063
2,348
2,715
36
21
15
Secretarial
and
related
programs
.................................................
226
42
184
68
25
43
0
0
0
Business/
managerial
economics
..................................................
3,044
1,871
1,173
189
114
75
59
46
13
Small
business
management
and
ownership
...............................
577
336
241
304
154
150
0
0
0
Finance,
general
and
banking
and
financial
support
services
.....
24,068
15,537
8,531
5,507
3,751
1,756
40
30
10
Actuarial
sciences
.........................................................................
225
122
103
58
33
25
0
0
0
Insurance
and
risk
management
..................................................
472
267
205
198
146
52
3
2
1
Investments
and
securities
and
financial
planning
.......................
413
213
200
340
226
114
0
0
0
Hospitality
services
management
.................................................
6,145
2,750
3,395
434
206
228
13
9
4
Human
resources
management
...................................................
4,942
1,639
3,303
2,753
918
1,835
23
15
8
Labor/
personnel
relations
and
studies
..........................................
751
351
400
559
203
356
38
10
28
Organizational
behavior
studies
...................................................
1,851
742
1,109
2,342
1,018
1,324
63
40
23
International
business
...................................................................
3,998
1,833
2,165
3,241
1,997
1,244
14
10
4
Business
information
systems,
total
.............................................
16,362
10,197
6,165
4,396
2,781
1,615
14
11
3
Management
information
systems
and
data
processing,
general
..........................................................................................
14,594
8,949
5,645
3,494
2,214
1,280
12
9
3
Business
information
systems,
other
........................................
1,768
1,248
520
902
567
335
2
2
0
Quantitative
methods
and
management
science,
total
................
3,194
1,885
1,309
1,062
645
417
33
26
7
Business
statistics
.....................................................................
24
12
12
19
8
11
6
4
2
Management
science,
other
......................................................
3,170
1,873
1,297
1,043
637
406
27
22
5
Marketing
management
and
research
..........................................
25,019
12,176
12,843
1,590
756
834
28
19
9
Real
estate
....................................................................................
457
322
135
215
156
59
1
1
0
Taxation
........................................................................................
0
0
0
1,258
640
618
0
0
0
Consumer
and
personal
services
.................................................
369
229
140
2
0
2
0
0
0
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
other
..........
4,941
2,330
2,611
3,214
1,842
1,372
37
25
12
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
total
....................
4,178
1,652
2,526
592
307
285
3
2
1
Apparel
and
accessories
marketing
operations
...........................
936
47
889
0
1
2
1
0
1
Business
and
personal
services
marketing
operations
................
10
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
General/
retailing
and
wholesaling
operations
and
skills
..............
2,340
1,147
1,193
358
174
184
2
2
0
Transportation
and
travel
marketing
.............................................
146
40
106
7
3
4
0
0
0
Marketing
and
distribution,
other
..................................................
746
417
329
224
129
95
0
0
0
Communications
and
communications
technologies,
total
...................
56,910
22,063
34,847
5,605
2,059
3,546
357
168
189
Communications,
total
......................................................................
55,760
21,289
34,471
5,169
1,828
3,341
347
163
184
Communications,
general
.............................................................
27,705
10,223
17,482
2,022
662
1,360
229
102
127
Advertising
....................................................................................
3,146
1,092
2,054
256
89
167
3
0
3
Journalism
.....................................................................................
9,360
3,250
6,110
1,279
433
846
24
11
13
Broadcast
journalism
....................................................................
632
260
372
21
3
18
0
0
0
306
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Public
relations
and
organizational
communications
....................
3,023
863
2,160
165
32
133
0
0
0
Radio
and
television
broadcasting
................................................
5,461
2,910
2,551
339
166
173
13
4
9
Communications,
other
.................................................................
6,433
2,691
3,742
1,087
443
644
78
46
32
Communications
technologies,
total
.................................................
1,150
774
376
436
231
205
10
5
5
Photographic
technology
..............................................................
11
5
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
Radio
and
television
technology
...................................................
614
360
254
256
131
125
10
5
5
Communications
technologies,
other
............................................
525
409
116
180
100
80
0
0
0
Computer
and
information
sciences,
total
............................................
36,195
26,042
10,153
14,264
9,512
4,752
777
646
131
Computer
and
information
sciences,
general
..................................
21,843
16,261
5,582
9,192
6,300
2,892
577
493
84
Computer
programming
....................................................................
372
252
120
117
85
32
1
1
0
Data
processing
technology/
technician
............................................
205
128
77
5
4
1
0
0
0
Information
science
and
systems
.....................................................
7,137
4,405
2,732
2,339
1,416
923
49
31
18
Computer
systems
analysis
.............................................................
165
122
43
88
50
38
0
0
0
Computer
and
information
sciences,
other
......................................
6,473
4,874
1,599
2,523
1,657
866
150
121
29
Education,
total
......................................................................................
108,168
26,124
82,044
124,240
29,321
94,919
6,830
2,419
4,411
Education,
general
............................................................................
2,006
373
1,633
16,402
3,850
12,552
1,206
397
809
Bilingual/
bicultural
education
............................................................
84
5
79
710
160
550
32
7
25
Curriculum
and
instruction
................................................................
2
2
0
11,493
2,355
9,138
824
258
566
Education
administration
and
supervision,
total
...............................
35
9
26
15,115
5,942
9,173
2,265
884
1,381
Education
administration
and
supervision,
general
......................
0
0
0
10,626
4,246
6,380
1,633
655
978
Administration
of
special
education
..............................................
0
0
0
27
7
20
6
2
4
Adult
and
continuing
education
administration
.............................
9
7
2
176
51
125
77
35
42
Educational
supervision
................................................................
0
0
0
871
297
574
46
13
33
Elementary,
middle,
and
secondary
education
administration
.....
15
0
15
2,302
959
1,343
41
15
26
Higher
education
administration
...................................................
9
1
8
393
123
270
266
97
169
Community
and
junior
college
education
administration
..............
0
0
0
8
4
4
0
0
0
Education
administration
and
supervision,
other
..........................
2
1
1
712
255
457
196
67
129
Educational/
instructional
media
design
............................................
88
28
60
1,967
535
1,432
53
26
27
Educational
evaluation
and
research,
general
.................................
0
0
0
20
10
10
26
10
16
Educational
statistics
and
research
methods
...................................
1
1
0
37
9
28
28
13
15
Educational
assessment,
testing
and
measurement
.......................
0
0
0
44
7
37
11
7
4
Social
and
philosophical
foundations
of
education
..........................
106
27
79
398
115
283
130
58
72
Special
education,
total
....................................................................
9,660
1,018
8,642
11,879
1,726
10,153
210
33
177
Special
education,
general
...........................................................
7,253
793
6,460
9,156
1,371
7,785
166
23
143
Education
of
the
deaf
and
hearing
impaired
................................
228
17
211
203
24
179
3
1
2
Education
of
the
gifted
and
talented
.............................................
10
0
10
173
15
158
3
0
3
Education
of
the
emotionally
handicapped
...................................
253
40
213
275
67
208
9
4
5
Education
of
the
mentally
handicapped
.......................................
318
38
280
100
7
93
0
0
0
Education
of
the
multiple
handicapped
........................................
103
7
96
242
29
213
2
0
2
Education
of
the
physically
handicapped
.....................................
33
3
30
33
6
27
0
0
0
Education
of
the
blind
and
visually
handicapped
.........................
22
2
20
28
5
23
0
0
0
Education
of
the
specific
learning
disabled
..................................
475
43
432
722
76
646
16
2
14
Education
of
the
speech
impaired
................................................
586
26
560
295
15
280
0
0
0
Special
education,
other
...............................................................
379
49
330
652
111
541
11
3
8
Counselor
education/
counseling
and
guidance
services
.................
27
6
21
11,987
2,417
9,570
296
103
193
General
teacher
education,
total
......................................................
60,767
8,436
52,331
27,690
5,258
22,432
338
101
237
Adult
and
continuing
education
....................................................
55
30
25
913
248
665
112
33
79
Elementary
education
...................................................................
47,844
5,990
41,854
14,187
1,809
12,378
67
13
54
Junior
high/
intermediate/
middle
school
education
........................
1,402
313
1,089
732
142
590
3
1
2
Pre­
elementary/
early
childhood/
kindergarten
education
..............
6,326
270
6,056
2,274
80
2,194
18
2
16
Secondary
education
....................................................................
3,955
1,657
2,298
5,368
1,988
3,380
49
22
27
Teacher
education,
general
programs,
other
...............................
1,185
176
1,009
4,216
991
3,225
89
30
59
Teacher
education,
academic
and
vocational
programs
.................
33,786
15,557
18,229
17,490
5,102
12,388
654
284
370
Agricultural
education
(
vocational)
................................................
580
338
242
290
130
160
32
17
15
Art
education
.................................................................................
1,768
390
1,378
633
105
528
28
5
23
Business
education
(
vocational)
...................................................
826
257
569
346
111
235
8
4
4
Driver
and
safety
education
..........................................................
0
0
0
15
8
7
0
0
0
English
education
..........................................................................
2,521
552
1,969
792
183
609
16
4
12
Foreign
languages
education
.......................................................
245
46
199
345
62
283
13
6
7
Health
education
...........................................................................
1,898
496
1,402
630
153
477
70
17
53
Home
economics
education
(
vocational)
......................................
266
7
259
62
1
61
4
1
3
Technology/
industrial
arts
education
............................................
1,088
875
213
474
281
193
8
6
2
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
education
.........
57
24
33
3
2
1
0
0
0
Mathematics
education
.................................................................
1,446
561
885
729
258
471
40
23
17
Music
education
............................................................................
3,282
1,363
1,919
767
283
484
72
33
39
Physical
education
and
coaching
.................................................
12,425
6,945
5,480
3,021
1,677
1,344
142
85
57
Reading
education
........................................................................
173
27
146
4,577
233
4,344
71
13
58
Science
education
.........................................................................
1,064
418
646
700
256
444
38
14
24
Social
science
education
..............................................................
828
482
346
124
67
57
1
1
0
Social
studies
education
...............................................................
1,929
1,156
773
572
323
249
3
2
1
Technical
education
(
vocational)
..................................................
182
111
71
209
73
136
37
17
20
Trade
and
industrial
education
(
vocational)
.................................
1,088
711
377
377
166
211
26
16
10
Teacher
education,
academic
and
vocational
programs,
other
...
2,120
798
1,322
2,824
730
2,094
45
20
25
307
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Teaching
English
as
a
second
language/
foreign
language
.............
73
13
60
1,621
306
1,315
15
4
11
Education,
other
...............................................................................
1,533
649
884
7,387
1,529
5,858
742
234
508
Engineering
and
engineering­
related
technologies,
total
......................
72,555
59,145
13,410
26,522
20,968
5,554
5,390
4,555
835
Engineering,
total
..............................................................................
58,427
46,525
11,902
25,596
20,290
5,306
5,384
4,549
835
Engineering,
general
.....................................................................
1,838
1,465
373
1,236
982
254
202
179
23
Aerospace,
aeronautical,
and
astronautical
engineering
................................................................................
1,267
1,029
238
560
484
76
203
179
24
Agricultural
engineering
................................................................
759
551
208
176
115
61
68
56
12
Architectural
engineering
..............................................................
570
423
147
64
50
14
0
0
0
Bioengineering
and
biomedical
engineering
.................................
1,256
748
508
505
335
170
204
143
61
Ceramic
sciences
and
engineering
..............................................
141
98
43
55
39
16
25
17
8
Chemical
engineering
...................................................................
5,807
3,730
2,077
1,078
784
294
590
466
124
Civil
engineering
...........................................................................
8,136
6,263
1,873
3,433
2,598
835
543
453
90
Computer
engineering
..................................................................
4,488
3,939
549
1,400
1,019
381
123
106
17
Electrical,
electronics,
and
communications
engineering
................................................................................
12,930
11,169
1,761
6,926
5,752
1,174
1,392
1,222
170
Engineering
mechanics
.................................................................
70
50
20
99
85
14
45
39
6
Engineering
physics
......................................................................
268
223
45
31
22
9
22
21
1
Engineering
science
......................................................................
255
173
82
288
227
61
56
44
12
Environmental/
environmental
health
engineering
.........................
655
403
252
624
402
222
85
60
25
Geological
engineering
.................................................................
156
101
55
42
28
14
8
6
2
Geophysical
engineering
..............................................................
25
20
5
7
3
4
1
1
0
Industrial/
manufacturing
engineering
............................................
3,507
2,376
1,131
2,024
1,554
470
193
155
38
Material
engineering
.....................................................................
525
361
164
555
405
150
324
264
60
Mechanical
engineering
................................................................
12,807
11,079
1,728
3,273
2,832
441
776
693
83
Metallurgical
engineering
..............................................................
210
172
38
70
60
10
51
47
4
Mining
and
mineral
engineering
...................................................
152
132
20
39
31
8
8
8
0
Naval
architecture
and
marine
engineering
..................................
241
213
28
28
25
3
3
3
0
Nuclear
engineering
......................................................................
125
102
23
126
101
25
93
84
9
Ocean
engineering
........................................................................
122
90
32
75
65
10
17
15
2
Petroleum
engineering
..................................................................
260
209
51
163
144
19
44
38
6
Systems
engineering
....................................................................
459
364
95
566
445
121
45
34
11
Textile
sciences
and
engineering
.................................................
189
112
77
53
34
19
14
11
3
Engineering,
other
.........................................................................
1,209
930
279
2,100
1,669
431
249
205
44
Engineering­
related
technologies,
total
............................................
14,128
12,620
1,508
926
678
248
6
6
0
Architectural
engineering
technologies
.........................................
569
495
74
0
0
0
0
0
0
Civil
technologies
..........................................................................
394
356
38
0
0
0
0
0
0
Electrical
and
electronic
technologies
..........................................
3,876
3,558
318
12
10
2
0
0
0
Electromechanical
instrumentation
and
maintenance
technologies
..............................................................................
511
452
59
0
0
0
1
1
0
Environmental
control
technologies
..............................................
152
113
39
156
109
47
0
0
0
Industrial
production
technologies
................................................
3,576
3,103
473
304
231
73
2
2
0
Quality
control
and
safety
technologies
........................................
475
373
102
203
133
70
0
0
0
Mechanical
and
related
technologies
...........................................
1,455
1,340
115
0
0
0
0
0
0
Mining
and
petroleum
technologies
..............................................
7
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Surveying
......................................................................................
142
123
19
20
17
3
3
3
0
Mechanics
and
repairers
..............................................................
70
64
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
Construction
trades
.......................................................................
186
170
16
12
7
5
0
0
0
Engineering
and
related
technologies,
other
................................
2,715
2,466
249
249
171
48
0
0
0
English
language
and
literature/
letters,
total
.........................................
50,920
16,341
34,579
7,230
2,393
4,837
1,628
671
957
English
language
and
literature,
general
.........................................
37,674
11,734
25,940
4,542
1,495
3,047
1,205
512
693
Comparative
literature
......................................................................
814
217
597
208
78
130
158
60
98
English
composition
..........................................................................
317
98
219
12
1
11
5
1
4
English
creative
writing
.....................................................................
1,109
422
687
1,367
516
851
19
9
10
American
literature
(
United
States)
..................................................
33
10
23
4
2
2
13
5
8
English
literature
(
British
and
Commonwealth)
................................
1,161
380
781
209
57
152
50
16
34
Speech
and
rhetorical
studies
..........................................................
8,340
3,024
5,316
597
169
428
120
43
77
English
technical
and
business
writing
............................................
278
77
201
228
57
171
3
2
1
English
language
and
literature/
letters,
other
..................................
1,194
379
815
63
18
45
55
23
32
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................................
14,968
4,375
10,593
2,780
845
1,935
915
375
540
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
total
...........................................
1,760
512
1,248
761
199
562
249
102
147
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
general
..................................
1,044
286
758
209
53
156
47
16
31
Linguistics
.....................................................................................
716
226
490
552
146
406
202
86
116
East
and
Southeast
Asian
languages
and
literatures,
total
.............
588
290
298
98
46
52
40
25
15
Chinese
.........................................................................................
183
77
106
18
10
8
15
9
6
Japanese
.......................................................................................
321
167
154
36
7
29
7
3
4
East
and
Southeast
Asian
languages,
other
................................
84
46
38
44
29
15
18
13
5
East
European
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................
371
165
206
83
31
52
40
15
25
Russian
languages
.......................................................................
340
153
187
33
12
21
10
4
6
Slavic
languages
(
other
than
Russian)
.........................................
27
11
16
44
17
27
27
9
18
East
European
languages,
other
..................................................
4
1
3
6
2
4
3
2
1
308
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Germanic
languages
and
literatures,
total
.......................................
1,165
473
692
204
73
131
84
36
48
German
.........................................................................................
1,125
457
668
184
64
120
76
33
43
Scandinavian
languages
...............................................................
27
11
16
4
1
3
1
0
1
Germanic
languages,
other
..........................................................
13
5
8
16
8
8
7
3
4
South
Asian
languages
and
literatures
............................................
8
3
5
2
1
1
5
3
2
Romance
languages
and
literatures,
total
.......................................
9,941
2,422
7,519
1,234
328
906
375
128
247
French
...........................................................................................
2,514
487
2,027
343
79
264
129
36
93
Italian
.............................................................................................
237
49
188
48
14
34
13
5
8
Portuguese
....................................................................................
33
14
19
8
4
4
2
2
0
Spanish
.........................................................................................
7,031
1,849
5,182
718
199
519
175
71
104
Romance
languages,
other
...........................................................
126
23
103
117
32
85
56
14
42
Middle
Eastern
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................
55
27
28
70
32
38
23
14
9
Arabic
............................................................................................
6
2
4
4
1
3
5
5
0
Hebrew
..........................................................................................
21
6
15
35
18
17
9
4
5
Middle
East
languages,
other
.......................................................
28
19
9
31
13
18
9
5
4
Classical
and
ancient
Near
East
languages
and
literatures,
total
...
843
404
439
159
82
77
56
32
24
Classics
.........................................................................................
738
358
380
141
76
65
55
32
23
Greek
(
ancient
and
medieval)
......................................................
26
13
13
8
3
5
0
0
0
Latin
(
ancient
and
medieval)
........................................................
79
33
46
10
3
7
1
0
1
Foreign
languages,
other
.................................................................
237
79
158
169
53
116
43
20
23
Health
professions
and
related
sciences,
total
.....................................
78,458
12,727
65,731
42,456
9,624
32,832
2,676
1,038
1,638
Communication
disorders
sciences
and
services
............................
6,835
308
6,527
5,783
304
5,479
251
90
161
Community
health
liaison
.................................................................
959
207
752
216
39
177
4
1
3
Dentistry
............................................................................................
0
0
0
436
292
144
27
17
10
Dental
services
.................................................................................
1,101
38
1,063
31
8
23
0
0
0
Epidemiology
....................................................................................
5
1
4
409
155
254
116
39
77
Health
services
administration,
total
................................................
4,111
916
3,195
4,366
1,508
2,858
77
37
40
Health
services
administration
......................................................
2,216
527
1,689
2,994
1,034
1,960
62
32
30
Medical
records
administration
.....................................................
623
68
555
7
1
6
0
0
0
Medical
records
technology/
technician
.........................................
1
0
1
8
6
2
2
1
1
Health
and
medical
administrative
services,
other
.......................
1,271
321
950
1,357
467
890
13
4
9
Health
and
medical
assistants,
total
................................................
2,131
807
1,324
1,654
721
933
0
0
0
Medical
assistant
..........................................................................
3
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Physician
assistant
.......................................................................
1,914
766
1,148
1,619
703
916
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
assistants,
other
...........................................
214
40
174
35
18
17
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
diagnostic
and
treatment
services,
total
..........
1,953
641
1,312
74
42
32
2
1
1
Respiratory
therapy
technology/
technician
...................................
510
164
346
4
2
2
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
diagnostic
and
treatment
services,
other
.....
1,443
477
966
70
40
30
2
1
1
Medical
laboratory
technologies,
total
..............................................
2,190
592
1,598
501
167
334
106
40
66
Medical
technology
.......................................................................
1,884
495
1,389
62
24
38
2
1
1
Health
and
medical
laboratory
technologies/
technicians,
other
...
306
97
209
439
143
296
104
39
65
Pre­
dentistry
studies
.........................................................................
130
72
58
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
medicine
studies
........................................................................
584
308
276
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
pharmacy
studies
.......................................................................
8
2
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
veterinary
studies
.......................................................................
221
54
167
0
0
0
0
0
0
Medical
basic
sciences
.....................................................................
548
147
401
510
250
260
567
312
255
Mental
health
services,
total
.............................................................
642
96
546
591
112
479
6
2
4
Alcohol/
drug
abuse
counseling
.....................................................
61
19
42
70
15
55
0
0
0
Psychiatric/
mental
health
services
technician
..............................
115
15
100
14
1
13
0
0
0
Clinical
and
medical
social
work
...................................................
114
14
100
70
15
55
5
2
3
Mental
health
services,
other
........................................................
352
48
304
437
81
356
1
0
1
Nursing
.............................................................................................
39,452
3,830
35,622
11,527
1,164
10,363
469
14
455
Optometry
.........................................................................................
15
6
9
90
59
31
2
1
1
Pharmacy
..........................................................................................
3,267
1,225
2,042
314
140
174
256
137
119
Rehabilitation/
therapeutic
services,
total
..........................................
8,204
1,682
6,522
9,072
2,453
6,619
196
64
132
Art
therapy
....................................................................................
82
0
82
229
23
206
0
0
0
Dance
therapy
...............................................................................
2
0
2
35
3
32
0
0
0
Music
therapy
................................................................................
217
26
191
41
11
30
0
0
0
Occupational
therapy
....................................................................
3,895
548
3,347
1,868
222
1,646
8
1
7
Orthotics/
prosthetics
.....................................................................
25
15
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
Physical
therapy
............................................................................
2,439
758
1,681
5,925
1,978
3,947
159
54
105
Recreational
therapy
.....................................................................
299
48
251
3
1
2
0
0
0
Vocational
rehabilitation
counseling
.............................................
186
30
156
438
97
341
12
5
7
Rehabilitative
services,
other
........................................................
1,059
257
802
533
118
415
17
4
13
Veterinary
medicine
..........................................................................
0
0
0
164
72
92
111
63
48
Miscellaneous
health
professions
....................................................
583
237
346
1,287
495
792
44
25
19
Health
professions
and
related
sciences,
other
...............................
5,519
1,558
3,961
5,431
1,643
3,788
442
195
247
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics,
total
....................
17,779
2,160
15,619
2,830
457
2,373
357
83
274
Home
economics,
total
.....................................................................
17,328
1,962
15,366
2,778
456
2,322
357
83
274
Home
economics,
general
............................................................
2,751
243
2,508
367
27
340
55
10
45
Home
economics
business
services
............................................
45
8
37
3
0
3
0
0
0
Family
and
community
studies
.....................................................
454
63
391
96
15
81
0
0
0
Family
and
consumer
resource
management
..............................
1,589
481
1,108
77
15
62
10
4
6
Food
and
nutrition
studies
............................................................
3,959
502
3,457
642
86
556
48
7
41
309
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Housing
studies
............................................................................
370
61
309
16
4
12
3
0
3
Individual
and
family
development
studies
...................................
6,421
500
5,921
1,489
296
1,193
210
57
153
Clothing/
apparel
and
textile
studies
..............................................
1,531
94
1,437
74
10
64
19
4
15
Home
economics,
other
................................................................
208
10
198
14
3
11
12
1
11
Vocational
home
economics,
total
...................................................
451
198
253
52
1
51
0
0
0
Child
care
and
guidance
management
.........................................
114
6
108
46
0
46
0
0
0
Vocational
home
economics,
other
..............................................
337
192
145
6
1
5
0
0
0
Law
and
legal
studies,
total
..................................................................
1,925
520
1,405
3,750
2,192
1,558
74
49
25
Pre­
law
studies
.................................................................................
150
68
82
0
0
0
0
0
0
Paralegal/
legal
assistant
...................................................................
992
146
846
58
10
48
0
0
0
Law
and
legal
studies,
other
............................................................
783
306
477
3,692
2,182
1,510
74
49
25
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities,
total
........
36,104
12,250
23,854
3,256
1,143
2,113
83
41
42
Liberal
arts
and
sciences/
liberal
studies
..........................................
22,317
6,503
15,814
1,925
706
1,219
17
11
6
Humanities/
humanistic
studies
.........................................................
2,624
818
1,806
709
239
470
58
24
34
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
other
............................
11,163
4,929
6,234
622
198
424
8
6
2
Library
science,
total
.............................................................................
154
77
77
4,577
947
3,630
68
19
49
Library
science/
librarianship
.............................................................
154
77
77
4,450
916
3,534
61
16
45
Library
science,
other
.......................................................................
0
0
0
127
31
96
7
3
4
Mathematics,
total
.................................................................................
12,070
6,382
5,688
3,412
1,881
1,531
1,106
830
276
Mathematics
.....................................................................................
10,099
5,174
4,925
1,984
1,074
910
728
573
155
Applied
mathematics,
total
...............................................................
1,389
886
503
544
344
200
131
99
32
Applied
mathematics,
general
and
other
......................................
737
459
278
132
212
128
100
72
28
Operations
research
(
quantitative
methods)
................................
652
427
225
212
132
72
31
27
4
Mathematical
statistics
.....................................................................
380
195
185
781
393
388
220
139
81
Mathematics,
other
...........................................................................
202
127
75
103
70
33
27
19
8
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies,
total
........................................................
27,460
9,136
18,324
3,064
1,173
1,891
384
203
181
Biological
and
physical
sciences
......................................................
2,417
1,128
1,289
343
159
184
24
18
6
Systems
science
and
theory
............................................................
76
44
32
130
57
73
18
13
5
Museology/
museum
studies
.............................................................
5
1
4
146
21
125
0
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies,
other
.................................................
24,962
7,963
16,999
2,445
936
1,509
342
172
170
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies,
total
.............................
19,111
9,170
9,941
2,478
1,238
1,240
134
75
59
Parks,
recreation
and
leisure
studies
...............................................
2,608
1,193
1,415
204
82
122
15
8
7
Parks,
recreation
and
leisure
facilities
management
.......................
2,915
1,291
1,624
215
84
131
18
10
8
Health
and
physical
education/
fitness
..............................................
13,431
6,598
6,833
2,036
1,061
975
97
55
42
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies,
other
........................
157
88
69
23
11
12
4
2
2
Philosophy
and
religion,
total
................................................................
8,366
5,228
3,138
1,329
827
502
586
381
205
Philosophy
........................................................................................
4,770
3,269
1,501
581
423
158
355
248
107
Religion/
religious
studies
..................................................................
3,229
1,736
1,493
548
301
247
217
120
97
Philosophy
and
religion,
other
..........................................................
367
223
144
200
103
97
14
13
1
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies,
total
...............................
18,385
10,972
7,413
4,841
3,126
1,715
4,018
2,994
1,024
Physical
sciences,
total
....................................................................
18,213
10,871
7,342
4,823
3,111
1,712
4,016
2,992
1,024
Physical
sciences,
general
...........................................................
323
178
145
58
38
20
5
4
1
Astronomy
.....................................................................................
99
69
30
79
57
22
82
58
24
Astrophysics
..................................................................................
61
37
24
23
20
3
19
18
1
Atmospheric
science
and
meteorology
.........................................
490
376
114
156
119
37
87
70
17
Chemistry,
total
.............................................................................
10,043
5,377
4,666
1,888
1,078
810
2,083
1,421
662
Chemistry,
general
....................................................................
9,721
5,193
4,528
1,748
1,006
742
1,893
1,295
598
Analytical
chemistry
...................................................................
0
0
0
31
19
12
16
14
2
Inorganic
chemistry
...................................................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
0
Organic
chemistry
.....................................................................
7
5
2
15
10
5
8
6
2
Medicinal/
pharmaceutical
chemistry
.........................................
54
26
28
31
12
19
55
35
20
Chemistry,
other
........................................................................
261
153
108
63
31
32
107
67
40
Geological
and
related
sciences,
total
..........................................
2,802
1,616
1,186
944
586
358
310
223
87
Geology
.....................................................................................
2,515
1,473
1,042
801
492
309
242
174
68
Geochemistry
............................................................................
5
2
3
7
4
3
3
1
2
Geophysics
and
seismology
.....................................................
60
32
28
70
49
21
37
27
10
Geological
and
related
sciences,
other
.....................................
222
109
113
66
41
25
28
21
7
Miscellaneous
physical
sciences,
total
.........................................
774
448
326
299
150
149
195
129
66
Metallurgy
..................................................................................
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Oceanography
...........................................................................
170
87
83
85
43
42
99
70
29
Earth
and
planetary
sciences
....................................................
544
326
218
157
81
76
83
50
33
Miscellaneous
physical
sciences,
other
....................................
60
35
25
56
25
31
13
9
4
Physics,
total
.................................................................................
3,342
2,622
720
1,232
991
241
1,208
1,050
158
Physics,
general
........................................................................
3,235
2,538
697
1,136
909
227
1,125
976
149
310
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Physics,
other
............................................................................
107
84
23
96
82
14
83
74
9
Physical
sciences,
other
...............................................................
279
148
131
144
72
72
27
19
8
Science
technologies,
total
...............................................................
172
101
71
18
15
3
2
2
0
Precision
production
trades,
total
..........................................................
393
281
112
5
3
2
0
0
0
Drafting,
general
...............................................................................
93
81
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
Precision
production
trades,
other
...................................................
300
200
100
5
3
2
0
0
0
Protective
services,
total
.......................................................................
24,877
14,069
10,808
2,609
1,534
1,075
52
28
24
Criminal
justice
and
corrections,
total
..............................................
24,488
13,717
10,771
2,567
1,498
1,069
52
28
24
Corrections/
correctional
administration
.........................................
595
283
312
40
20
20
0
0
0
Criminal
justice/
law
enforcement
administration
..........................
7,167
4,052
3,115
1,087
687
400
4
3
1
Criminal
justice
studies
.................................................................
14,201
7,769
6,432
1,240
715
525
48
25
23
Forensic
studies
............................................................................
71
25
46
123
36
87
0
0
0
Law
enforcement/
police
science
...................................................
1,597
1,131
466
62
32
30
0
0
0
Criminal
justice,
other
...................................................................
857
457
400
15
8
7
0
0
0
Fire
control
and
safety
......................................................................
369
347
22
35
30
5
0
0
0
Protective
services,
other
.................................................................
20
5
15
7
6
1
0
0
0
Psychology,
total
...................................................................................
74,060
17,430
56,630
14,465
3,552
10,913
4,310
1,405
2,905
Psychology,
general
.........................................................................
68,745
16,193
52,552
4,453
1,211
3,242
1,610
588
1,022
Clinical
psychology
...........................................................................
105
20
85
1,478
357
1,121
1,801
533
1,268
Counseling
psychology
.....................................................................
382
90
292
4,834
1,014
3,820
293
92
201
Developmental
and
child
psychology
...............................................
795
91
704
147
21
126
65
11
54
Experimental
psychology
..................................................................
246
60
186
45
18
27
44
24
20
Industrial
and
organizational
psychology
.........................................
179
44
135
1,109
411
698
101
45
56
Physiological
psychology/
psychobiology
..........................................
254
85
169
9
4
5
18
6
12
Social
psychology
.............................................................................
860
193
667
194
31
163
52
15
37
School
psychology
............................................................................
0
0
0
813
139
674
167
46
121
Psychology,
other
.............................................................................
2,494
654
1,840
1,383
346
1,037
159
45
114
Public
administration
and
services,
total
...............................................
20,185
3,816
16,369
25,594
6,808
18,786
537
227
310
Public
administration
........................................................................
2,259
1,064
1,195
7,519
3,594
3,925
167
99
68
Community
organization,
resources
and
services
...........................
2,048
446
1,602
415
122
293
8
1
7
Public
policy
analysis
.......................................................................
619
269
350
860
403
457
94
48
46
Social
work
.......................................................................................
14,817
1,889
12,928
16,108
2,423
13,685
257
75
182
Public
affairs,
other
...........................................................................
442
148
294
692
266
426
11
4
7
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies,
total
..............................................
7
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history,
total
..........................................................
127,101
62,062
65,039
14,066
7,024
7,042
4,095
2,407
1,688
Social
sciences,
general
...................................................................
7,520
2,980
4,540
609
251
358
50
28
22
Anthropology
.....................................................................................
6,917
2,273
4,644
924
349
575
453
198
255
Archeology
........................................................................................
122
36
86
26
14
12
18
7
11
Criminology
.......................................................................................
3,091
1,695
1,396
190
98
92
16
4
12
Demography
and
population
studies
................................................
2
1
1
32
11
21
7
4
3
Economics
........................................................................................
18,441
12,316
6,125
2,168
1,353
815
851
625
226
Geography,
total
...............................................................................
4,042
2,590
1,452
770
468
302
200
134
66
Geography
....................................................................................
3,951
2,518
1,433
757
456
301
200
134
66
Cartography
..................................................................................
91
72
19
13
12
1
0
0
0
History
...............................................................................................
25,247
14,866
10,381
2,573
1,444
1,129
984
603
381
International
relations
and
affairs
.....................................................
5,208
1,949
3,259
2,225
1,135
1,090
54
36
18
Political
science
and
government,
general
......................................
27,635
14,544
13,091
1,627
877
750
693
449
244
Sociology
..........................................................................................
25,598
7,629
17,969
1,996
636
1,360
595
244
351
Urban
affairs/
studies
.........................................................................
643
257
386
318
149
169
49
27
22
Social
sciences
and
history,
other
...................................................
2,635
926
1,709
608
239
369
125
48
77
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations,
total
........................................
6,809
4,791
2,018
5,576
3,352
2,224
1,643
1,307
336
Biblical
and
other
theological
languages
and
literatures
.................
20
17
3
42
21
21
13
11
2
Bible/
biblical
studies
.........................................................................
2,000
1,386
614
393
266
127
18
16
2
Missions/
missionary
studies
and
misology
......................................
261
134
127
320
180
140
70
60
10
Religious
education
..........................................................................
919
462
457
823
447
376
63
48
15
Religious/
sacred
music
.....................................................................
174
88
86
128
83
45
9
5
4
Theology/
theological
studies
............................................................
2,692
2,248
444
2,939
1,903
1,036
1,107
921
186
Pastoral
counseling
and
specialized
ministries
................................
358
224
134
605
267
338
161
119
42
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations,
other
..........................
385
232
153
326
185
141
202
127
75
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers,
total
...............................
3,395
2,985
410
697
629
68
0
0
0
Air
transportation
workers
................................................................
3,192
2,805
387
697
629
68
0
0
0
Water
transportation
workers
...........................................................
186
167
19
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transportation
and
material
moving,
other
......................................
17
13
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
Visual
and
performing
arts,
total
...........................................................
58,791
24,003
34,788
10,918
4,672
6,246
1,127
537
590
311
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
258.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1999
 
2000
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Visual
and
performing
arts,
general
.................................................
1,675
666
1,009
115
42
73
10
5
5
Crafts,
folk
art,
and
artisanry
............................................................
156
54
102
5
1
4
0
0
0
Dance
...............................................................................................
1,294
108
1,186
162
21
141
12
1
11
Design
and
applied
art
.....................................................................
10,044
4,227
5,817
920
382
538
0
0
0
Dramatic/
theater
arts
and
stagecraft
................................................
7,541
2,973
4,568
1,415
615
800
72
33
39
Film/
video
and
photographic
arts,
total
............................................
4,106
2,450
1,656
722
380
342
12
8
4
Film­
video
making/
cinematography
and
production
.....................
1,585
1,047
538
426
236
190
3
2
1
Photography
..................................................................................
983
377
606
143
56
87
4
4
0
Film
arts,
other
..............................................................................
1,538
1,026
512
153
88
65
5
2
3
Fine
arts
and
art
studies,
total
.........................................................
22,773
8,039
14,734
3,301
1,232
2,069
232
71
161
Art,
general
...................................................................................
11,871
4,411
7,460
827
328
499
21
7
14
Art
history,
criticism
and
conservation
..........................................
2,450
420
2,030
564
101
463
195
56
139
Arts
management
..........................................................................
224
52
172
158
29
129
4
0
4
Painting
.........................................................................................
715
289
426
188
93
95
0
0
0
Ceramic
arts
and
ceramics
...........................................................
216
74
142
51
24
27
0
0
0
Fiber,
textile
and
weaving
arts
......................................................
95
5
90
39
6
33
4
2
2
Metal
and
jewelry
arts
...................................................................
94
16
78
19
6
13
0
0
0
Fine
arts
and
art
studies,
other
....................................................
7,108
2,772
4,336
1,455
645
810
8
6
2
Music,
total
.......................................................................................
10,576
5,214
5,362
3,871
1,843
2,028
765
411
354
Music,
general
...............................................................................
5,449
2,541
2,908
1,300
619
681
299
176
123
Music
history
and
literature
...........................................................
88
35
53
52
20
32
21
6
15
Music,
general
performance
.........................................................
3,181
1,547
1,634
1,864
881
983
292
132
160
Music
theory
and
composition
......................................................
337
233
104
150
105
45
58
37
21
Music,
other
..................................................................................
1,521
858
663
505
218
287
95
60
35
Visual
and
performing
arts,
other
.....................................................
626
272
354
407
156
251
24
8
16
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
..............................................................
2,398
937
1,461
1,802
681
1,121
71
32
39
NOTE:
Aggregations
by
field
of
study
derived
from
the
Classification
of
Instructional
Programs
developed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
312
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
fields
........................................................................................
1,200,303
518,746
681,557
439,986
186,148
253,838
44,077
25,146
18,931
Agriculture
and
natural
resources,
total
................................................
23,930
13,873
10,057
4,417
2,381
2,036
1,248
869
379
Agricultural
business
and
production,
total
......................................
5,461
3,662
1,799
562
362
200
205
152
53
Agricultural
business
and
management,
total
..............................
3,571
2,434
1,137
446
290
156
172
127
45
Agricultural
business
and
management,
general
......................
873
579
294
72
50
22
0
0
0
Agricultural
business/
agribusiness
operations
..........................
1,168
806
362
20
13
7
0
0
0
Agricultural
economics
..............................................................
1,158
788
370
349
222
127
172
127
45
Agricultural
business
and
management,
other
.........................
372
261
111
5
5
0
0
0
0
Agricultural
mechanization
............................................................
242
218
24
3
3
0
0
0
0
Agricultural
production
workers
and
managers
............................
237
142
95
38
27
11
11
9
2
Horticulture
service
operations
and
management
........................
671
440
231
31
17
14
11
8
3
International
agriculture
................................................................
14
8
6
5
1
4
0
0
0
Agricultural
business
and
production,
other
.................................
726
420
306
39
24
15
11
8
3
Agricultural
sciences,
total
................................................................
8,399
4,309
4,090
1,550
796
754
697
483
214
Agriculture/
agricultural
sciences,
general
.....................................
1,316
850
466
170
102
68
2
2
0
Animal
sciences,
total
...................................................................
3,938
1,625
2,313
415
206
209
169
112
57
Animal
sciences,
general
..........................................................
3,445
1,393
2,052
320
157
163
122
82
40
Agricultural
animal
breeding
and
genetics
................................
35
19
16
5
2
3
13
9
4
Agricultural
animal
health
..........................................................
2
0
2
6
5
1
0
0
0
Agricultural
animal
nutrition
.......................................................
0
0
0
8
4
4
4
3
1
Dairy
science
.............................................................................
87
43
44
19
13
6
5
2
3
Poultry
science
..........................................................................
125
82
43
28
14
14
9
6
3
Animal
sciences,
other
..............................................................
244
88
156
29
11
18
16
10
6
Food
sciences
and
technology
.....................................................
649
234
415
297
106
191
144
73
71
Plant
sciences,
total
......................................................................
2,099
1,382
717
515
299
216
310
240
70
Plant
sciences,
general
.............................................................
424
288
136
59
31
28
49
33
16
Agronomy
and
crop
science
.....................................................
644
513
131
209
133
76
150
122
28
Horticulture
science
...................................................................
773
397
376
151
76
75
64
46
18
Plant
breeding
and
genetics
.....................................................
0
0
0
11
7
4
7
6
1
Agricultural
plant
pathology
.......................................................
14
9
5
7
4
3
7
7
0
Plant
protection
(
pest
management)
.........................................
41
30
11
16
10
6
3
3
0
Range
science
and
management
.............................................
91
58
33
44
25
19
20
14
6
Plant
sciences,
other
.................................................................
112
87
25
18
13
5
10
9
1
Soil
sciences
.................................................................................
129
85
44
94
54
40
64
50
14
Agriculture/
agricultural
sciences,
other
.........................................
268
133
135
59
29
30
8
6
2
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources,
total
.....................
10,070
5,902
4,168
2,305
1,223
1,082
346
234
112
Natural
resources
conservation,
general
......................................
5,849
3,034
2,815
1,285
607
678
150
93
57
Natural
resources
management
and
policy
..................................
651
428
223
193
104
89
3
2
1
Fishing
and
fisheries
sciences
and
management
........................
179
137
42
83
62
21
23
16
7
Forest
harvesting
and
production
technology/
technician
.............
196
142
54
16
13
3
15
14
1
Forestry,
general
...........................................................................
1,548
1,179
369
489
295
194
117
80
37
Wildlife
and
wildlands
management
.............................................
1,177
717
460
168
99
69
21
16
5
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources,
other
................
470
265
205
71
43
28
17
13
4
Architecture
and
related
programs,
total
...............................................
8,246
5,157
3,089
4,172
2,394
1,778
123
80
43
Architecture
.......................................................................................
4,888
3,337
1,551
2,238
1,406
832
51
36
15
City/
urban,
community,
and
regional
planning
.................................
437
289
148
1,291
685
606
57
33
24
Architectural
environmental
design
..................................................
709
440
269
28
8
20
0
0
0
Interior
architecture
...........................................................................
687
108
579
14
3
11
0
0
0
Landscape
architecture
....................................................................
929
618
311
341
145
196
0
0
0
Architectural
urban
design
and
planning
..........................................
0
0
0
78
49
29
4
4
0
Architecture
and
related
programs,
other
........................................
596
365
231
182
98
84
11
7
4
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies,
total
.................................................
6,252
2,023
4,229
1,500
600
900
197
90
107
Area
studies,
total
.............................................................................
3,625
1,370
2,255
1,068
466
602
147
73
74
African
studies
..............................................................................
24
5
19
14
7
7
6
6
0
American
studies/
civilization
.........................................................
1,493
543
950
214
70
144
78
32
46
Latin
American
studies
.................................................................
444
143
301
221
99
122
11
3
8
Middle
Eastern
studies
.................................................................
104
52
52
83
42
41
22
12
10
Russian
and
Slavic
studies
...........................................................
101
35
66
78
31
47
1
1
0
Asian
studies
.................................................................................
813
357
456
266
138
128
23
17
6
European
studies
..........................................................................
134
33
101
70
21
49
2
0
2
Area
studies,
other
........................................................................
512
202
310
122
58
64
4
2
2
Ethnic
and
cultural
studies,
total
......................................................
1,879
378
1,501
205
52
153
26
10
16
Afro­
American
(
black)
studies
.......................................................
630
186
444
84
34
50
10
3
7
Hispanic­
American
studies
...........................................................
214
76
138
16
6
10
0
0
0
Women's
studies
...........................................................................
726
12
714
65
2
63
2
0
2
Ethnic
studies,
other
.....................................................................
309
104
205
40
10
30
14
7
7
Area,
ethnic
and
cultural
studies,
other
...........................................
748
275
473
227
82
145
24
7
17
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences,
total
..................................................
65,014
28,254
36,760
6,192
2,839
3,353
4,619
2,669
1,950
Biology,
general
................................................................................
46,078
19,402
26,676
2,608
1,204
1,404
711
409
302
313
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Biochemistry
and
biophysics
............................................................
3,978
2,094
1,884
330
158
172
624
370
254
Botany,
total
......................................................................................
417
180
237
210
108
102
235
155
80
Botany,
general
.............................................................................
363
156
207
118
59
59
122
87
35
Plant
pathology
.............................................................................
1
1
0
75
39
36
80
52
28
Botany,
other
.................................................................................
53
23
30
17
10
7
33
16
17
Cell
and
molecular
biology,
total
......................................................
2,491
1,235
1,256
250
109
141
585
329
256
Cell
biology
...................................................................................
299
159
140
43
18
25
162
90
72
Molecular
biology
..........................................................................
705
371
334
122
53
69
247
137
110
Cell
and
molecular
biology,
other
.................................................
1,487
705
782
85
38
47
176
102
74
Microbiology/
bacteriology
.................................................................
2,768
1,308
1,460
355
153
202
365
209
156
Miscellaneous
biological
specializations,
total
.................................
3,921
1,559
2,362
1,411
536
875
1,077
602
475
Anatomy
........................................................................................
101
64
37
66
37
29
60
35
25
Ecology
.........................................................................................
997
455
542
169
86
83
112
66
46
Marine/
aquatic
biology
..................................................................
831
318
513
94
40
54
42
24
18
Neurosciences
..............................................................................
458
205
253
49
31
18
238
139
99
Nutritional
sciences
.......................................................................
506
70
436
339
56
283
75
28
47
Toxicology
.....................................................................................
69
26
43
70
29
41
84
49
35
Genetics,
plant
and
animal
...........................................................
302
122
180
142
43
99
213
111
102
Biometrics
.....................................................................................
17
8
9
43
23
20
30
23
7
Miscellaneous
specialized
areas,
other
........................................
640
291
349
439
191
248
223
127
96
Zoology,
total
....................................................................................
3,507
1,607
1,900
739
408
331
800
477
323
Zoology,
general
...........................................................................
2,720
1,232
1,488
219
106
113
147
94
53
Entomology
...................................................................................
104
53
51
142
82
60
114
78
36
Pathology,
human
and
animal
......................................................
9
3
6
46
27
19
97
56
41
Pharmacology,
human
and
animal
...............................................
72
38
34
94
44
50
247
136
111
Physiology,
human
and
animal
.....................................................
597
279
318
238
149
89
195
113
82
Zoology,
other
...............................................................................
5
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences,
other
............................................
1,854
869
985
289
163
126
222
118
104
Business
management,
administrative
services
and
marketing
operations
marketing
and
distribution,
total
..............................................
242,236
123,158
119,078
108,085
65,113
42,972
1,202
844
358
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
total
...............
238,074
121,488
116,586
107,497
64,811
42,686
1,198
844
354
Business,
general
.........................................................................
22,901
11,781
11,120
10,725
6,812
3,913
207
148
59
Business
administration
and
management,
total
..........................
89,768
45,482
44,286
65,328
40,450
24,878
638
466
172
Office
supervision
and
management
........................................
607
138
469
46
18
28
0
0
0
Operations
management
and
supervision
................................
1,901
1,313
588
2,804
1,598
1,206
10
10
0
Business
administration
and
management,
other
.....................
87,260
44,031
43,229
62,478
38,834
23,644
628
456
172
Accounting
....................................................................................
37,362
15,521
21,841
4,789
2,231
2,558
45
29
16
Secretarial
and
related
programs
.................................................
313
70
243
69
28
41
0
0
0
Business/
managerial
economics
..................................................
2,868
1,766
1,102
189
118
71
50
36
14
Small
business
management
and
ownership
...............................
508
327
181
115
66
49
0
0
0
Finance,
general
and
banking
and
financial
support
services
.....
22,850
14,970
7,880
5,425
3,764
1,661
37
27
10
Actuarial
sciences
.........................................................................
244
139
105
85
49
36
0
0
0
Insurance
and
risk
management
..................................................
524
307
217
184
136
48
7
6
1
Investments
and
securities
and
financial
planning
.......................
392
235
157
359
250
109
0
0
0
Hospitality
services
management
.................................................
5,792
2,601
3,191
432
188
244
2
1
1
Human
resources
management
...................................................
4,797
1,764
3,033
2,365
699
1,666
32
15
17
Labor/
personnel
relations
and
studies
..........................................
715
353
362
605
248
357
21
13
8
Organizational
behavior
studies
...................................................
1,591
690
901
1,487
673
814
40
18
22
International
business
...................................................................
3,765
1,859
1,906
3,538
2,112
1,426
6
6
0
Business
information
systems,
total
.............................................
12,563
7,817
4,746
3,945
2,534
1,411
5
4
1
Management
information
systems
and
data
processing,
general
..........................................................................................
11,192
6,836
4,356
3,107
1,984
1,123
4
3
1
Business
information
systems,
other
........................................
1,371
981
390
838
550
288
1
1
0
Quantitative
methods
and
management
science,
total
................
2,560
1,530
1,030
1,223
784
439
35
24
11
Business
statistics
.....................................................................
22
16
6
17
7
10
10
3
7
Management
science,
other
......................................................
2,538
1,514
1,024
1,206
777
429
25
21
4
Marketing
management
and
research
..........................................
23,058
11,583
11,475
1,976
986
990
30
18
12
Real
estate
....................................................................................
397
277
120
193
147
46
0
0
0
Taxation
........................................................................................
29
2
27
1,349
742
607
0
0
0
Consumer
and
personal
services
.................................................
347
198
149
0
0
0
0
0
0
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
other
..........
4,730
2,216
2,514
3,116
1,794
1,322
43
33
10
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
total
....................
4,162
1,670
2,492
588
302
286
4
0
4
Apparel
and
accessories
marketing
operations
...........................
951
55
896
0
1
1
4
0
4
Business
and
personal
services
marketing
operations
................
76
33
43
0
0
0
0
0
0
General/
retailing
and
wholesaling
operations
and
skills
..............
2,219
1,107
1,112
316
157
159
0
0
0
Transportation
and
travel
marketing
.............................................
198
62
136
24
8
16
0
0
0
Marketing
and
distribution,
other
..................................................
718
413
305
246
136
110
0
0
0
Communications
and
communications
technologies,
total
...................
52,319
20,861
31,458
5,618
2,032
3,586
352
183
169
Communications,
total
......................................................................
51,384
20,298
31,086
5,293
1,847
3,446
347
181
166
Communications,
general
.............................................................
24,743
9,474
15,269
2,168
724
1,444
220
117
103
Advertising
....................................................................................
2,847
1,058
1,789
208
78
130
5
3
2
Journalism
.....................................................................................
9,141
3,284
5,857
1,256
407
849
32
17
15
Broadcast
journalism
....................................................................
622
250
372
22
5
17
0
0
0
314
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Public
relations
and
organizational
communications
....................
2,714
772
1,942
225
46
179
0
0
0
Radio
and
television
broadcasting
................................................
5,413
2,933
2,480
308
136
172
11
3
8
Communications,
other
.................................................................
5,904
2,527
3,377
1,106
451
655
79
41
38
Communications
technologies,
total
.................................................
935
563
372
325
185
140
5
2
3
Photographic
technology
..............................................................
8
2
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
Radio
and
television
technology
...................................................
622
350
272
165
90
75
5
2
3
Communications
technologies,
other
............................................
305
211
94
160
95
65
0
0
0
Computer
and
information
sciences,
total
............................................
29,345
21,392
7,953
12,250
8,458
3,792
800
649
151
Computer
and
information
sciences,
general
..................................
17,887
13,557
4,330
8,162
5,768
2,394
610
509
101
Computer
programming
....................................................................
234
171
63
90
58
32
0
0
0
Data
processing
technology/
technician
............................................
214
123
91
0
0
0
0
0
0
Information
science
and
systems
.....................................................
5,622
3,508
2,114
2,133
1,350
783
50
29
21
Computer
systems
analysis
.............................................................
117
94
23
61
40
21
3
3
0
Computer
and
information
sciences,
other
......................................
5,271
3,939
1,332
1,804
1,242
562
137
108
29
Education,
total
......................................................................................
107,172
26,226
80,946
119,427
28,263
91,164
6,841
2,423
4,418
Education,
general
............................................................................
1,909
346
1,563
15,224
3,576
11,648
1,101
384
717
Bilingual/
bicultural
education
............................................................
91
4
87
612
154
458
51
15
36
Curriculum
and
instruction
................................................................
2
1
1
10,270
2,022
8,248
897
248
649
Education
administration
and
supervision,
total
...............................
43
12
31
14,382
5,631
8,751
2,315
919
1,396
Education
administration
and
supervision,
general
......................
1
0
1
10,103
4,013
6,090
1,695
668
1,027
Administration
of
special
education
..............................................
0
0
0
9
1
8
3
0
3
Adult
and
continuing
education
administration
.............................
13
10
3
199
48
151
93
44
49
Educational
supervision
................................................................
0
0
0
786
272
514
39
9
30
Elementary,
middle,
and
secondary
education
administration
.....
16
0
16
2,238
929
1,309
58
17
41
Higher
education
administration
...................................................
4
0
4
495
162
333
273
122
151
Community
and
junior
college
education
administration
..............
0
0
0
13
5
8
2
1
1
Education
administration
and
supervision,
other
..........................
9
2
7
539
201
338
152
58
94
Educational/
instructional
media
design
............................................
48
18
30
1,890
595
1,295
39
23
16
Educational
evaluation
and
research,
general
.................................
0
0
0
32
13
19
26
15
11
Educational
statistics
and
research
methods
...................................
0
0
0
31
11
20
34
13
21
Educational
assessment,
testing
and
measurement
.......................
0
0
0
68
17
51
11
5
6
Social
and
philosophical
foundations
of
education
..........................
75
12
63
281
71
210
84
37
47
Special
education,
total
....................................................................
9,646
1,052
8,594
12,267
1,795
10,472
200
44
156
Special
education,
general
...........................................................
6,820
791
6,029
9,826
1,501
8,325
163
34
129
Education
of
the
deaf
and
hearing
impaired
................................
286
18
268
197
26
171
2
0
2
Education
of
the
gifted
and
talented
.............................................
9
1
8
200
15
185
2
1
1
Education
of
the
emotionally
handicapped
...................................
318
44
274
265
62
203
0
0
0
Education
of
the
mentally
handicapped
.......................................
442
45
397
84
9
75
1
0
1
Education
of
the
multiple
handicapped
........................................
131
15
116
264
32
232
2
2
0
Education
of
the
physically
handicapped
.....................................
41
4
37
64
9
55
2
1
1
Education
of
the
blind
and
visually
handicapped
.........................
17
1
16
26
1
25
0
0
0
Education
of
the
specific
learning
disabled
..................................
587
65
522
649
66
583
15
4
11
Education
of
the
speech
impaired
................................................
599
21
578
269
7
262
0
0
0
Special
education,
other
...............................................................
396
47
349
423
67
356
13
2
11
Counselor
education/
counseling
and
guidance
services
.................
43
10
33
12,453
2,584
9,869
341
123
218
General
teacher
education,
total
......................................................
59,989
8,536
51,453
27,376
5,163
22,213
358
105
253
Adult
and
continuing
education
....................................................
41
10
31
842
234
608
137
36
101
Elementary
education
...................................................................
47,105
6,118
40,987
13,904
1,773
12,131
54
11
43
Junior
high/
intermediate/
middle
school
education
........................
1,401
289
1,112
834
177
657
3
0
3
Pre­
elementary/
early
childhood/
kindergarten
education
..............
6,524
250
6,274
2,186
78
2,108
39
1
38
Secondary
education
....................................................................
3,893
1,704
2,189
5,274
1,944
3,330
44
26
18
Teacher
education,
general
programs,
other
...............................
1,025
165
860
4,336
957
3,379
81
31
50
Teacher
education,
academic
and
vocational
programs
.................
33,914
15,699
18,215
16,840
5,014
11,826
669
267
402
Agricultural
education
(
vocational)
................................................
519
293
226
293
135
158
44
22
22
Art
education
.................................................................................
1,577
334
1,243
661
120
541
26
9
17
Business
education
(
vocational)
...................................................
891
236
655
318
120
198
12
4
8
Driver
and
safety
education
..........................................................
27
24
3
18
10
8
0
0
0
English
education
..........................................................................
2,626
554
2,072
846
187
659
21
3
18
Foreign
languages
education
.......................................................
290
56
234
280
62
218
12
6
6
Health
education
...........................................................................
2,048
539
1,509
756
173
583
45
7
38
Home
economics
education
(
vocational)
......................................
305
6
299
54
5
49
6
1
5
Technology/
industrial
arts
education
............................................
1,071
854
217
364
225
139
13
11
2
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
education
.........
56
28
28
5
1
4
0
0
0
Mathematics
education
.................................................................
1,518
591
927
831
274
557
43
19
24
Music
education
............................................................................
3,104
1,305
1,799
720
285
435
76
34
42
Physical
education
and
coaching
.................................................
12,435
7,101
5,334
2,935
1,574
1,361
165
88
77
Reading
education
........................................................................
137
13
124
4,144
242
3,902
55
3
52
Science
education
.........................................................................
1,205
505
700
745
273
472
39
17
22
Social
science
education
..............................................................
898
493
405
183
95
88
2
2
0
Social
studies
education
...............................................................
1,855
1,069
786
533
318
215
2
1
1
Technical
education
(
vocational)
..................................................
137
90
47
238
71
167
32
16
16
Trade
and
industrial
education
(
vocational)
.................................
1,032
706
326
404
163
241
39
10
29
Teacher
education,
academic
and
vocational
programs,
other
...
2,183
902
1,281
2,512
681
1,831
37
14
23
315
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Teaching
English
as
a
second
language/
foreign
language
.............
83
17
66
1,792
358
1,434
9
3
6
Education,
other
...............................................................................
1,329
519
810
5,909
1,259
4,650
706
222
484
Engineering
and
engineering­
related
technologies,
total
......................
71,904
59,187
12,717
26,558
21,268
5,290
5,427
4,649
778
Engineering,
total
..............................................................................
57,918
46,579
11,339
25,544
20,505
5,039
5,422
4,644
778
Engineering,
general
.....................................................................
2,010
1,656
354
1,237
981
256
200
177
23
Aerospace,
aeronautical,
and
astronautical
engineering
................................................................................
1,169
977
192
551
478
73
198
180
18
Agricultural
engineering
................................................................
699
527
172
173
115
58
75
64
11
Architectural
engineering
..............................................................
569
442
127
36
25
11
7
3
4
Bioengineering
and
biomedical
engineering
.................................
1,032
666
366
449
294
155
214
164
50
Ceramic
sciences
and
engineering
..............................................
163
125
38
61
55
6
35
24
11
Chemical
engineering
...................................................................
6,033
3,911
2,122
1,130
836
294
572
470
102
Civil
engineering
...........................................................................
9,121
7,125
1,996
3,648
2,822
826
543
463
80
Computer
engineering
..................................................................
3,679
3,232
447
1,286
968
318
148
134
14
Electrical,
electronics,
and
communications
engineering
................................................................................
12,531
10,839
1,692
6,690
5,659
1,031
1,303
1,160
143
Engineering
mechanics
.................................................................
102
83
19
89
79
10
65
53
12
Engineering
physics
......................................................................
222
187
35
57
50
7
25
23
2
Engineering
science
......................................................................
244
187
57
280
223
57
56
49
7
Environmental/
environmental
health
engineering
.........................
697
433
264
721
464
257
71
56
15
Geological
engineering
.................................................................
140
93
47
27
22
5
13
10
3
Geophysical
engineering
..............................................................
18
11
7
4
3
1
0
0
0
Industrial/
manufacturing
engineering
............................................
3,428
2,404
1,024
1,985
1,516
469
240
185
55
Material
engineering
.....................................................................
462
340
122
516
387
129
308
249
59
Mechanical
engineering
................................................................
12,705
11,040
1,665
3,258
2,859
399
774
693
81
Metallurgical
engineering
..............................................................
214
158
56
99
77
22
51
44
7
Mining
and
mineral
engineering
...................................................
166
148
18
44
37
7
16
15
1
Naval
architecture
and
marine
engineering
..................................
277
249
28
30
28
2
5
5
0
Nuclear
engineering
......................................................................
123
109
14
154
123
31
82
73
9
Ocean
engineering
........................................................................
145
121
24
73
57
16
16
15
1
Petroleum
engineering
..................................................................
225
198
27
108
93
15
35
32
3
Systems
engineering
....................................................................
428
341
87
560
451
109
64
56
8
Textile
sciences
and
engineering
.................................................
220
122
98
50
24
26
16
10
6
Engineering,
other
.........................................................................
1,096
855
241
2,228
1,779
449
290
237
53
Engineering­
related
technologies,
total
............................................
13,986
12,608
1,378
1,014
763
251
5
5
0
Architectural
engineering
technologies
.........................................
483
426
57
0
0
0
0
0
0
Civil
technologies
..........................................................................
437
405
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
Electrical
and
electronic
technologies
..........................................
3,862
3,527
335
16
14
2
0
0
0
Electromechanical
instrumentation
and
maintenance
technologies
..............................................................................
497
453
44
0
0
0
0
0
0
Environmental
control
technologies
..............................................
205
154
51
196
149
47
0
0
0
Industrial
production
technologies
................................................
3,420
3,012
408
266
210
56
2
2
0
Quality
control
and
safety
technologies
........................................
466
383
83
228
151
77
0
0
0
Mechanical
and
related
technologies
...........................................
1,575
1,467
108
0
0
0
0
0
0
Mining
and
petroleum
technologies
..............................................
14
14
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Surveying
......................................................................................
139
123
16
11
11
0
3
3
0
Mechanics
and
repairers
..............................................................
39
38
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Construction
trades
.......................................................................
204
187
17
7
4
3
0
0
0
Engineering
and
related
technologies,
other
................................
2,645
2,419
226
289
223
66
0
0
0
English
language
and
literature/
letters,
total
.........................................
50,535
16,490
34,045
7,478
2,504
4,974
1,540
612
928
English
language
and
literature,
general
.........................................
37,635
11,903
25,732
4,818
1,647
3,171
1,121
442
679
Comparative
literature
......................................................................
735
205
530
190
62
128
133
52
81
English
composition
..........................................................................
326
120
206
26
6
20
9
2
7
English
creative
writing
.....................................................................
1,065
427
638
1,295
498
797
10
5
5
American
literature
(
United
States)
..................................................
52
16
36
7
4
3
11
3
8
English
literature
(
British
and
Commonwealth)
................................
1,310
459
851
221
58
163
73
32
41
Speech
and
rhetorical
studies
..........................................................
8,014
2,944
5,070
613
156
457
133
57
76
English
technical
and
business
writing
............................................
232
75
157
211
45
166
1
1
0
English
language
and
literature/
letters,
other
..................................
1,166
341
825
97
28
69
49
18
31
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................................
14,962
4,496
10,466
2,860
887
1,973
904
381
523
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
total
...........................................
1,624
461
1,163
817
252
565
251
113
138
Foreign
languages
and
literatures,
general
..................................
918
255
663
261
77
184
48
22
26
Linguistics
.....................................................................................
706
206
500
556
175
381
203
91
112
East
and
Southeast
Asian
languages
and
literatures,
total
.............
653
363
290
101
37
64
37
18
19
Chinese
.........................................................................................
178
93
85
20
7
13
14
5
9
Japanese
.......................................................................................
370
209
161
43
14
29
9
6
3
East
and
Southeast
Asian
languages,
other
................................
105
61
44
38
16
22
14
7
7
East
European
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................
426
212
214
76
27
49
38
14
24
Russian
languages
.......................................................................
394
195
199
29
11
18
4
2
2
Slavic
languages
(
other
than
Russian)
.........................................
26
14
12
40
14
26
33
11
22
East
European
languages,
other
..................................................
6
3
3
7
2
5
1
1
0
316
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Germanic
languages
and
literatures,
total
.......................................
1,276
529
747
259
91
168
87
37
50
German
.........................................................................................
1,246
513
733
238
84
154
77
31
46
Scandinavian
languages
...............................................................
18
13
5
6
2
4
1
1
0
Germanic
languages,
other
..........................................................
12
3
9
15
5
10
9
5
4
South
Asian
languages
and
literatures
............................................
3
2
1
9
7
2
5
2
3
Romance
languages
and
literatures,
total
.......................................
9,932
2,452
7,480
1,208
307
901
363
128
235
French
...........................................................................................
2,555
500
2,055
357
77
280
116
39
77
Italian
.............................................................................................
260
69
191
41
7
34
12
4
8
Portuguese
....................................................................................
36
15
21
4
2
2
5
2
3
Spanish
.........................................................................................
6,964
1,851
5,113
694
191
503
152
58
94
Romance
languages,
other
...........................................................
117
17
100
112
30
82
78
25
53
Middle
Eastern
languages
and
literatures,
total
...............................
60
22
38
50
32
18
13
10
3
Arabic
............................................................................................
13
4
9
3
1
2
1
0
1
Hebrew
..........................................................................................
27
6
21
20
13
7
1
1
0
Middle
East
languages,
other
.......................................................
20
12
8
27
18
9
11
9
2
Classical
and
ancient
Near
East
languages
and
literatures,
total
...
800
396
404
180
86
94
66
39
27
Classics
.........................................................................................
683
345
338
151
75
76
62
36
26
Greek
(
ancient
and
medieval)
......................................................
30
15
15
14
5
9
2
1
1
Latin
(
ancient
and
medieval)
........................................................
87
36
51
15
6
9
2
2
0
Foreign
languages,
other
.................................................................
188
59
129
160
48
112
44
20
24
Health
professions
and
related
sciences,
total
.....................................
82,622
14,520
68,102
40,589
9,434
31,155
2,535
1,037
1,498
Communication
disorders
sciences
and
services
............................
7,121
419
6,702
5,682
343
5,339
92
28
64
Community
health
liaison
.................................................................
814
177
637
240
55
185
0
0
0
Dentistry
............................................................................................
0
0
0
396
249
147
38
23
15
Dental
services
.................................................................................
1,071
40
1,031
20
9
11
0
0
0
Epidemiology
....................................................................................
7
1
6
499
193
306
113
44
69
Health
services
administration,
total
................................................
4,302
1,035
3,267
4,346
1,560
2,786
77
36
41
Health
services
administration
......................................................
2,326
536
1,790
2,871
1,040
1,831
49
23
26
Medical
records
administration
.....................................................
690
116
574
15
5
10
0
0
0
Medical
records
technology/
technician
.........................................
0
0
0
1
1
0
5
3
2
Health
and
medical
administrative
services,
other
.......................
1,286
383
903
1,459
514
945
23
10
13
Health
and
medical
assistants,
total
................................................
1,976
796
1,180
1,481
717
764
0
0
0
Medical
assistant
..........................................................................
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Physician
assistant
.......................................................................
1,819
765
1,054
1,408
693
715
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
assistants,
other
...........................................
154
31
123
73
24
49
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
diagnostic
and
treatment
services,
total
..........
1,875
595
1,280
34
26
8
5
5
0
Respiratory
therapy
technology/
technician
...................................
497
168
329
1
1
0
0
0
0
Health
and
medical
diagnostic
and
treatment
services,
other
.....
1,378
427
951
33
25
8
5
5
0
Medical
laboratory
technologies,
total
..............................................
2,369
678
1,691
465
170
295
114
50
64
Medical
technology
.......................................................................
2,015
551
1,464
60
19
41
1
0
1
Health
and
medical
laboratory
technologies/
technicians,
other
...
354
127
227
405
151
254
113
50
63
Pre­
dentistry
studies
.........................................................................
143
84
59
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
medicine
studies
........................................................................
635
333
302
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
pharmacy
studies
.......................................................................
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre­
veterinary
studies
.......................................................................
298
99
199
10
6
4
5
4
1
Medical
basic
sciences
.....................................................................
526
181
345
580
279
301
579
313
266
Mental
health
services,
total
.............................................................
640
105
535
543
122
421
7
0
7
Alcohol/
drug
abuse
counseling
.....................................................
102
32
70
50
19
31
0
0
0
Psychiatric/
mental
health
services
technician
..............................
108
14
94
43
7
36
0
0
0
Clinical
and
medical
social
work
...................................................
134
19
115
71
15
56
5
0
5
Mental
health
services,
other
........................................................
296
40
256
379
81
298
2
0
2
Nursing
.............................................................................................
41,994
4,511
37,483
11,840
1,136
10,704
431
20
411
Optometry
.........................................................................................
93
49
44
16
6
10
8
2
6
Pharmacy
..........................................................................................
4,237
1,654
2,583
304
146
158
298
161
137
Rehabilitation/
therapeutic
services,
total
..........................................
8,678
1,905
6,773
8,062
2,250
5,812
178
77
101
Art
therapy
....................................................................................
103
12
91
318
32
286
0
0
0
Dance
therapy
...............................................................................
4
0
4
24
2
22
0
0
0
Music
therapy
................................................................................
199
31
168
43
5
38
0
0
0
Occupational
therapy
....................................................................
3,707
542
3,165
1,616
240
1,376
20
5
15
Orthotics/
prosthetics
.....................................................................
44
19
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
Physical
therapy
............................................................................
3,062
972
2,090
5,161
1,761
3,400
134
59
75
Recreational
therapy
.....................................................................
233
28
205
5
1
4
0
0
0
Vocational
rehabilitation
counseling
.............................................
250
33
217
500
119
381
13
6
7
Rehabilitative
services,
other
........................................................
1,076
268
808
395
90
305
11
7
4
Veterinary
medicine
..........................................................................
0
0
0
158
78
80
114
70
44
Miscellaneous
health
professions
....................................................
933
393
540
1,004
459
545
132
52
80
Health
professions
and
related
sciences,
other
...............................
4,908
1,465
3,443
4,909
1,630
3,279
344
152
192
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics,
total
....................
17,689
2,100
15,589
2,880
442
2,438
361
97
264
Home
economics,
total
.....................................................................
17,223
1,918
15,305
2,847
434
2,413
361
97
264
Home
economics,
general
............................................................
2,405
179
2,226
312
21
291
39
17
22
Home
economics
business
services
............................................
97
18
79
1
0
1
0
0
0
Family
and
community
studies
.....................................................
483
63
420
82
19
63
2
2
0
Family
and
consumer
resource
management
..............................
1,584
484
1,100
85
16
69
23
4
19
Food
and
nutrition
studies
............................................................
4,253
504
3,749
608
69
539
45
14
31
317
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Housing
studies
............................................................................
371
67
304
10
5
5
8
3
5
Individual
and
family
development
studies
...................................
6,513
509
6,004
1,643
293
1,350
219
51
168
Clothing/
apparel
and
textile
studies
..............................................
1,377
84
1,293
77
11
66
17
5
12
Home
economics,
other
................................................................
140
10
130
29
0
29
8
1
7
Vocational
home
economics,
total
...................................................
466
182
284
33
8
25
0
0
0
Child
care
and
guidance
management
.........................................
127
10
117
12
0
12
0
0
0
Vocational
home
economics,
other
..............................................
339
172
167
21
8
13
0
0
0
Law
and
legal
studies,
total
..................................................................
1,901
534
1,367
3,308
1,967
1,341
58
34
24
Pre­
law
studies
.................................................................................
132
67
65
0
0
0
0
0
0
Paralegal/
legal
assistant
...................................................................
1,049
178
871
57
18
39
0
0
0
Law
and
legal
studies,
other
............................................................
720
289
431
3,251
1,949
1,302
58
34
24
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities,
total
........
34,772
12,171
22,601
3,101
1,186
1,915
78
42
36
Liberal
arts
and
sciences/
liberal
studies
..........................................
21,243
6,417
14,826
2,024
804
1,220
21
11
10
Humanities/
humanistic
studies
.........................................................
2,588
861
1,727
599
230
369
46
24
22
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
other
............................
10,941
4,893
6,048
478
152
326
11
7
4
Library
science,
total
.............................................................................
78
31
47
4,752
991
3,761
55
16
39
Library
science/
librarianship
.............................................................
72
31
41
4,631
961
3,670
49
12
37
Library
science,
other
.......................................................................
6
0
6
121
30
91
6
4
2
Mathematics,
total
.................................................................................
12,539
6,545
5,994
3,466
2,027
1,439
1,124
830
294
Mathematics
.....................................................................................
10,647
5,417
5,230
2,103
1,199
904
759
560
199
Applied
mathematics,
total
...............................................................
1,347
807
540
521
336
185
159
121
38
Applied
mathematics,
general
and
other
......................................
774
443
331
341
210
131
125
94
31
Operations
research
(
quantitative
methods)
................................
573
364
209
180
126
54
34
27
7
Mathematical
statistics
.....................................................................
333
196
137
737
422
315
189
135
54
Mathematics,
other
...........................................................................
212
125
87
105
70
35
17
14
3
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies,
total
........................................................
26,581
8,738
17,843
2,663
1,049
1,614
441
224
217
Biological
and
physical
sciences
......................................................
2,553
1,211
1,342
342
161
181
27
23
4
Systems
science
and
theory
............................................................
85
47
38
131
56
75
7
4
3
Museology/
museum
studies
.............................................................
2
0
2
133
29
104
0
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies,
other
.................................................
23,941
7,480
16,461
2,057
803
1,254
407
197
210
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies,
total
.............................
18,064
8,839
9,225
2,076
1,027
1,049
137
93
44
Parks,
recreation
and
leisure
studies
...............................................
2,480
1,129
1,351
204
100
104
17
12
5
Parks,
recreation
and
leisure
facilities
management
.......................
3,022
1,350
1,672
227
97
130
13
9
4
Health
and
physical
education/
fitness
..............................................
12,396
6,252
6,144
1,617
817
800
103
70
33
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies,
other
........................
166
108
58
28
13
15
4
2
2
Philosophy
and
religion,
total
................................................................
8,263
5,189
3,074
1,295
815
480
574
433
141
Philosophy
........................................................................................
4,722
3,290
1,432
610
449
161
364
275
89
Religion/
religious
studies
..................................................................
3,205
1,708
1,497
531
291
240
200
151
49
Philosophy
and
religion,
other
..........................................................
336
191
145
154
75
79
10
7
3
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies,
total
...............................
18,337
11,029
7,308
5,159
3,384
1,775
4,190
3,174
1,016
Physical
sciences,
total
....................................................................
18,154
10,930
7,224
5,136
3,363
1,773
4,189
3,173
1,016
Physical
sciences,
general
...........................................................
316
182
134
91
71
20
2
1
1
Astronomy
.....................................................................................
105
73
32
75
48
27
70
51
19
Astrophysics
..................................................................................
58
35
23
27
18
9
21
17
4
Atmospheric
science
and
meteorology
.........................................
455
345
110
159
122
37
77
64
13
Chemistry,
total
.............................................................................
10,120
5,468
4,652
2,037
1,167
870
2,191
1,524
667
Chemistry,
general
....................................................................
9,816
5,282
4,534
1,866
1,066
800
1,998
1,384
614
Analytical
chemistry
...................................................................
0
0
0
46
29
17
9
4
5
Inorganic
chemistry
...................................................................
0
0
0
8
5
3
6
3
3
Organic
chemistry
.....................................................................
11
6
5
15
11
4
11
11
0
Medicinal/
pharmaceutical
chemistry
.........................................
52
26
26
35
18
17
48
30
18
Chemistry,
other
........................................................................
241
154
87
67
38
29
119
92
27
Geological
and
related
sciences,
total
..........................................
2,837
1,690
1,147
936
593
343
367
274
93
Geology
.....................................................................................
2,570
1,546
1,024
805
505
300
272
201
71
Geochemistry
............................................................................
7
4
3
13
6
7
1
1
0
Geophysics
and
seismology
.....................................................
53
35
18
56
39
17
60
50
10
Geological
and
related
sciences,
other
.....................................
207
105
102
62
43
19
34
22
12
Miscellaneous
physical
sciences,
total
.........................................
782
448
334
362
208
154
181
125
56
Metallurgy
..................................................................................
0
0
0
3
2
1
2
1
1
Oceanography
...........................................................................
151
77
74
113
65
48
94
63
31
Earth
and
planetary
sciences
....................................................
556
329
227
151
95
56
72
51
21
Miscellaneous
physical
sciences,
other
....................................
75
42
33
95
46
49
13
10
3
Physics,
total
.................................................................................
3,213
2,526
687
1,309
1,073
236
1,252
1,097
155
Physics,
general
........................................................................
3,100
2,437
663
1,219
996
223
1,160
1,023
137
318
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Physics,
other
............................................................................
113
89
24
90
77
13
92
74
18
Physical
sciences,
other
...............................................................
268
163
105
140
63
77
28
20
8
Science
technologies,
total
...............................................................
183
99
84
23
21
2
1
1
0
Precision
production
trades,
total
..........................................................
386
274
112
7
7
0
0
0
0
Drafting,
general
...............................................................................
100
82
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
Precision
production
trades,
other
...................................................
286
192
94
7
7
0
0
0
0
Protective
services,
total
.......................................................................
24,601
14,085
10,516
2,249
1,312
937
48
29
19
Criminal
justice
and
corrections,
total
..............................................
24,236
13,750
10,486
2,214
1,280
934
47
28
19
Corrections/
correctional
administration
.........................................
664
279
385
53
30
23
0
0
0
Criminal
justice/
law
enforcement
administration
..........................
7,257
4,164
3,093
935
585
350
3
2
1
Criminal
justice
studies
.................................................................
13,596
7,564
6,032
1,060
594
466
44
26
18
Forensic
studies
............................................................................
60
17
43
102
43
59
0
0
0
Law
enforcement/
police
science
...................................................
1,686
1,192
494
51
22
29
0
0
0
Criminal
justice,
other
...................................................................
973
534
439
13
6
7
0
0
0
Fire
control
and
safety
......................................................................
362
332
30
28
26
2
1
1
0
Protective
services,
other
.................................................................
3
3
0
7
6
1
0
0
0
Psychology,
total
...................................................................................
73,536
18,294
55,242
14,247
3,693
10,554
4,248
1,385
2,863
Psychology,
general
.........................................................................
68,721
17,150
51,571
4,375
1,283
3,092
1,557
557
1,000
Clinical
psychology
...........................................................................
82
24
58
1,442
367
1,075
1,801
529
1,272
Counseling
psychology
.....................................................................
287
63
224
4,607
998
3,609
286
87
199
Developmental
and
child
psychology
...............................................
721
71
650
144
20
124
73
21
52
Experimental
psychology
..................................................................
247
67
180
55
22
33
63
26
37
Industrial
and
organizational
psychology
.........................................
178
53
125
1,046
388
658
90
38
52
Physiological
psychology/
psychobiology
..........................................
265
87
178
2
1
1
21
5
16
Social
psychology
.............................................................................
606
156
450
173
37
136
51
19
32
School
psychology
............................................................................
0
0
0
871
169
702
138
38
100
Psychology,
other
.............................................................................
2,429
623
1,806
1,532
408
1,124
168
65
103
Public
administration
and
services,
total
...............................................
20,287
3,791
16,496
24,925
6,556
18,369
532
239
293
Public
administration
........................................................................
2,110
1,033
1,077
6,887
3,177
3,710
171
109
62
Community
organization,
resources
and
services
...........................
2,005
444
1,561
450
136
314
7
1
6
Public
policy
analysis
.......................................................................
571
241
330
1,026
522
504
104
53
51
Social
work
.......................................................................................
15,057
1,909
13,148
16,014
2,503
13,511
242
70
172
Public
affairs,
other
...........................................................................
544
164
380
548
218
330
8
6
2
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies,
total
..............................................
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history,
total
..........................................................
124,658
61,736
62,922
14,431
7,456
6,975
3,855
2,270
1,585
Social
sciences,
general
...................................................................
7,602
2,940
4,662
499
214
285
51
26
25
Anthropology
.....................................................................................
6,904
2,385
4,519
1,053
407
646
451
194
257
Archeology
........................................................................................
137
49
88
46
26
20
17
4
13
Criminology
.......................................................................................
2,917
1,588
1,329
126
52
74
6
5
1
Demography
and
population
studies
................................................
2
1
1
53
32
21
14
6
8
Economics
........................................................................................
17,611
11,991
5,620
2,323
1,521
802
810
594
216
Geography,
total
...............................................................................
4,081
2,665
1,416
760
490
270
159
105
54
Geography
....................................................................................
4,010
2,610
1,400
743
481
262
159
105
54
Cartography
..................................................................................
71
55
16
17
9
8
0
0
0
History
...............................................................................................
24,794
14,790
10,004
2,633
1,543
1,090
921
552
369
International
relations
and
affairs
.....................................................
5,165
2,028
3,137
2,318
1,156
1,162
74
51
23
Political
science
and
government,
general
......................................
27,418
14,678
12,740
1,681
974
707
696
466
230
Sociology
..........................................................................................
24,933
7,497
17,436
1,943
646
1,297
515
207
308
Urban
affairs/
studies
.........................................................................
679
287
392
350
142
208
51
22
29
Social
sciences
and
history,
other
...................................................
2,415
837
1,578
646
253
393
90
38
52
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations,
total
........................................
6,280
4,484
1,796
4,727
2,853
1,874
1,452
1,216
236
Biblical
and
other
theological
languages
and
literatures
.................
45
39
6
48
25
23
12
11
1
Bible/
biblical
studies
.........................................................................
1,872
1,306
566
361
260
101
10
9
1
Missions/
missionary
studies
and
misology
......................................
252
120
132
213
126
87
63
53
10
Religious
education
..........................................................................
958
547
411
588
303
285
29
20
9
Religious/
sacred
music
.....................................................................
130
70
60
77
44
33
1
1
0
Theology/
theological
studies
............................................................
2,260
1,889
371
2,544
1,629
915
1,033
880
153
Pastoral
counseling
and
specialized
ministries
................................
421
294
127
580
247
333
182
148
34
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations,
other
..........................
342
219
123
316
219
97
122
94
28
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers,
total
...............................
3,383
2,984
399
713
631
82
0
0
0
Air
transportation
workers
................................................................
3,157
2,789
368
712
630
82
0
0
0
Water
transportation
workers
...........................................................
216
189
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transportation
and
material
moving,
other
......................................
10
6
4
1
1
0
0
0
0
Visual
and
performing
arts,
total
...........................................................
54,404
22,281
32,123
10,753
4,543
6,210
1,130
574
556
319
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
259.
 
Bachelor's,
master's,
and
doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student
and
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
 
Continued
Field
of
study
Bachelor's
degrees
requiring
4
or
5
years
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
(
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
etc.)

Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Visual
and
performing
arts,
general
.................................................
1,508
599
909
96
37
59
9
6
3
Crafts,
folk
art,
and
artisanry
............................................................
173
59
114
6
2
4
0
0
0
Dance
...............................................................................................
1,135
95
1,040
191
36
155
10
1
9
Design
and
applied
art
.....................................................................
9,232
4,002
5,230
871
372
499
0
0
0
Dramatic/
theater
arts
and
stagecraft
................................................
7,040
2,726
4,314
1,332
600
732
92
41
51
Film/
video
and
photographic
arts,
total
............................................
3,153
1,888
1,265
661
360
301
16
8
8
Film­
video
making/
cinematography
and
production
.....................
885
589
296
382
217
165
7
2
5
Photography
..................................................................................
913
391
522
168
87
81
4
3
1
Film
arts,
other
..............................................................................
1,355
908
447
111
56
55
5
3
2
Fine
arts
and
art
studies,
total
.........................................................
21,591
7,661
13,930
3,260
1,163
2,097
168
48
120
Art,
general
...................................................................................
11,188
4,143
7,045
879
353
526
15
6
9
Art
history,
criticism
and
conservation
..........................................
3,483
824
2,659
705
173
532
145
39
106
Arts
management
..........................................................................
127
25
102
185
32
153
1
0
1
Painting
.........................................................................................
783
360
423
176
71
105
0
0
0
Ceramic
arts
and
ceramics
...........................................................
219
71
148
43
24
19
0
0
0
Fiber,
textile
and
weaving
arts
......................................................
105
6
99
28
3
25
2
0
2
Metal
and
jewelry
arts
...................................................................
84
15
69
25
8
17
0
0
0
Fine
arts
and
art
studies,
other
....................................................
5,602
2,217
3,385
1,219
499
720
5
3
2
Music,
total
.......................................................................................
9,908
4,970
4,938
3,932
1,830
2,102
807
456
351
Music,
general
...............................................................................
4,933
2,377
2,556
1,198
559
639
314
187
127
Music
history
and
literature
...........................................................
75
34
41
40
14
26
24
16
8
Music,
general
performance
.........................................................
3,062
1,508
1,554
1,937
873
1,064
293
147
146
Music
theory
and
composition
......................................................
341
241
100
188
126
62
77
53
24
Music,
other
..................................................................................
1,497
810
687
569
258
311
99
53
46
Visual
and
performing
arts,
other
.....................................................
664
281
383
404
143
261
28
14
14
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
..............................................................
5
2
3
88
36
52
6
4
2
NOTE:
Aggregations
by
field
of
study
derived
from
the
Classification
of
Instructional
Programs
developed
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
320
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
260.
 
Degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1969
 
70
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
Firstprofessional
2
Associate
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
Firstprofessional
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1969
 
70
.......................................
170,966
519,550
134,545
19,183
14,542
35,057
272,766
73,746
10,683
20,376
1970
 
71
.......................................
215,645
557,996
151,603
20,788
16,139
36,666
281,734
78,906
11,319
21,807
1974
 
75
.......................................
318,474
634,785
193,804
22,176
23,612
41,697
288,148
98,646
11,907
32,304
1975
 
76
.......................................
345,006
635,161
206,298
21,751
25,766
46,448
290,585
105,473
12,313
36,883
1976
 
77
.......................................
355,650
630,463
208,901
21,229
26,344
50,727
289,086
108,263
12,003
38,015
1977
 
78
.......................................
358,874
627,903
202,099
20,456
27,097
53,372
293,301
109,521
11,675
39,484
1978
 
79
.......................................
346,808
621,666
192,016
20,817
27,785
55,894
299,724
109,063
11,913
41,063
1979
 
80
.......................................
344,536
624,084
187,499
20,608
27,942
56,374
305,333
110,582
12,007
42,189
1980
 
81
.......................................
352,391
626,452
184,384
20,895
29,128
63,986
308,688
111,355
12,063
42,828
1981
 
82
.......................................
3
366,732
636,475
182,295
20,889
29,611
3
67,794
316,523
113,251
11,818
42,421
1982
 
83
.......................................
377,817
646,317
176,246
21,186
29,757
71,803
323,193
113,675
11,589
43,297
1983
 
84
.......................................
3
379,249
646,013
170,693
21,141
29,586
3
72,991
328,296
113,570
12,068
44,882
1984
 
85
.......................................
377,625
652,246
170,000
21,337
30,152
77,087
327,231
116,251
11,606
44,911
1985
 
86
.......................................
369,052
658,586
169,903
21,433
29,568
76,995
329,237
118,664
12,220
44,342
1986
 
87
.......................................
358,811
659,260
167,797
21,870
29,346
77,493
332,004
121,552
12,171
42,271
1987
 
88
.......................................
354,180
658,491
173,778
22,488
29,153
80,905
336,338
125,539
12,382
41,582
1988
 
89
.......................................
357,001
675,675
179,109
22,970
28,993
79,763
343,080
131,512
12,750
41,863
1989
 
90
.......................................
375,635
700,015
186,104
24,641
28,810
79,467
351,329
138,197
13,730
42,178
1990
 
91
.......................................
398,055
724,062
193,057
25,681
29,554
83,665
370,476
144,111
13,613
42,394
1991
 
92
.......................................
420,265
759,475
203,398
26,820
29,366
83,966
377,078
149,440
13,839
44,780
1992
 
93
.......................................
430,321
785,112
213,843
27,392
29,628
84,435
380,066
155,742
14,740
45,759
1993
 
94
.......................................
444,373
789,148
221,428
28,524
29,842
86,259
380,127
165,642
14,661
45,576
1994
 
95
.......................................
451,539
776,670
224,152
28,917
29,871
88,152
383,464
173,477
15,529
45,929
1995
 
96
.......................................
454,291
774,070
227,179
29,516
29,882
100,925
390,722
179,122
15,136
46,852
1996
 
97
.......................................
465,494
776,677
233,237
29,838
31,243
105,732
396,202
186,164
16,038
47,487
1997
 
98
.......................................
455,084
784,296
235,922
29,715
31,233
103,471
400,110
194,242
16,295
47,365
1998
 
99
4
.....................................
448,334
790,287
238,501
28,134
31,693
111,620
410,016
201,485
15,943
46,746
1999
 
2000
...................................
448,446
810,855
243,157
28,408
32,247
116,487
427,020
213,899
16,400
47,810
1
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
firstprofessional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
2
Includes
degrees
which
require
at
least
6
years
of
college
work
for
completion
(
including
at
least
2
years
of
preprofessional
training).
3
Data
are
approximations.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
4
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
261.
 
Degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution,
level
of
degree,
and
discipline
division:
1999
 
2000
Discipline
division
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
.................................................................................................................................
448,446
810,855
243,157
28,408
116,487
427,020
213,899
16,400
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
2
......................................................................................
6,278
21,975
3,830
1,159
389
2,272
545
22
Architecture
and
related
programs
.......................................................................................
308
6,444
2,848
76
84
2,018
1,420
53
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
.........................................................................................
106
3,652
817
114
153
2,729
774
103
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
..........................................................................................
1,376
41,663
4,274
3,223
58
21,869
1,924
1,644
Business
3
.............................................................................................................................
71,139
150,637
43,905
717
36,262
107,072
68,353
479
Communications
...................................................................................................................
1,475
38,579
2,635
280
1,279
17,181
2,534
67
Communications
technologies
.............................................................................................
1,270
448
90
0
439
702
346
10
Computer
and
information
sciences
....................................................................................
10,961
21,095
7,510
512
9,489
15,100
6,754
265
Construction
trades
..............................................................................................................
1,950
40
0
0
387
146
12
0
Education
..............................................................................................................................
6,936
77,997
72,754
4,801
1,290
30,171
51,486
2,029
Engineering
..........................................................................................................................
1,435
44,093
17,317
3,784
317
14,334
8,279
1,600
Engineering­
related
technologies
.........................................................................................
18,147
10,219
746
5
17,248
3,653
168
1
English
language
and
literature/
letters
.................................................................................
870
34,277
5,247
1,213
77
16,643
1,983
415
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.......................................................................................
400
9,755
2,090
560
101
5,213
690
355
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.............................................................................
69,051
51,376
23,512
1,869
15,030
27,082
18,944
807
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
............................................................
7,960
15,292
1,649
245
421
2,487
1,181
112
Law
and
legal
studies
..........................................................................................................
4,093
1,051
714
11
3,172
874
3,036
63
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities
................................................
178,725
25,037
1,361
38
8,729
11,067
1,895
45
Library
science
.....................................................................................................................
98
151
3,663
62
0
3
914
6
Mathematics
.........................................................................................................................
639
7,784
2,599
781
36
4,286
813
325
Mechanics
and
repairers
......................................................................................................
8,264
55
0
0
3,350
15
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
................................................................................................
11,544
21,006
1,898
238
240
6,454
1,166
146
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
.....................................................................
691
14,115
1,943
123
164
4,996
535
11
Philosophy
and
religion
........................................................................................................
35
3,357
446
243
28
5,009
883
343
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
.......................................................................
2,320
11,984
3,569
2,869
140
6,401
1,272
1,149
Precision
production
trades
..................................................................................................
7,147
331
0
0
4,667
62
5
0
Protective
services
...............................................................................................................
15,275
18,889
1,351
50
1,023
5,988
1,258
2
Psychology
...........................................................................................................................
1,291
48,856
5,581
1,869
164
25,204
8,884
2,441
Public
administration
and
services
.......................................................................................
3,311
13,921
15,657
289
345
6,264
9,937
248
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
......................................................................................
65
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
..................................................................................................
4,805
81,922
8,785
2,534
331
45,179
5,281
1,561
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
................................................................................
1
0
0
0
635
6,809
5,576
1,643
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
.......................................................................
711
1,387
94
0
310
2,008
603
0
Visual
and
performing
arts
...................................................................................................
7,232
32,743
5,471
743
9,868
26,048
5,447
384
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.............................................................................................
2,537
717
801
0
261
1,681
1,001
71
1
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
firstprofessional
degrees
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.

2
Includes
``
Agricultural
business
and
production,''
``
Agricultural
sciences,''
and
``
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources.''
3
Includes
``
Business
management
and
administrative
services,''
``
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,''
and
``
Consumer
and
personal
services.''

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Completions''
survey,
1999
 
2000
and
``
Consolidated''
survey
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
321
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
262.
 
Number
of
degree­
granting
institutions
conferring
degrees,
by
level
of
degree
and
discipline
division:
1999
 
2000
Discipline
division
Total
number
of
institutions
awarding
degrees
Number
of
public
institutions
awarding
degrees
Number
of
private
institutions
awarding
degrees
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Associate
degrees
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
................................................
2,546
1,995
1,499
535
1,288
583
503
236
1,258
1,412
996
299
Agricultural
business
and
production
..
336
128
57
33
322
97
55
32
14
31
2
1
Agricultural
sciences
...........................
105
133
79
50
97
115
76
50
8
18
3
0
Architecture
and
related
programs
.....
39
171
127
28
33
107
90
20
6
64
37
8
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
.......
44
424
117
39
36
187
70
22
8
237
47
17
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
.........
184
1,269
435
224
166
480
309
151
18
789
126
73
Business
management
and
administrative
services
....................
1,788
1,480
846
128
1,144
518
372
84
644
962
474
44
Communications
.................................
245
941
249
50
195
383
169
40
50
558
80
10
Communications
technologies
............
177
42
13
2
160
19
2
0
17
23
11
2
Computer
and
information
sciences
...
912
1,123
381
124
571
444
231
84
341
679
150
40
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources
.........................................
139
388
138
59
125
181
107
54
14
207
31
5
Consumer
and
personal
services
.......
282
20
1
0
219
9
0
0
63
11
1
0
Construction
trades
.............................
219
12
1
0
206
6
0
0
13
6
1
0
Education
............................................
410
1,146
935
245
332
425
432
168
78
721
503
77
Engineering
.........................................
253
415
270
180
231
224
177
131
22
191
93
49
Engineering­
related
technologies
.......
1,044
319
68
3
813
216
56
2
231
103
12
1
English
language
and
literature/
letters
133
1,272
435
143
122
486
300
94
11
786
135
49
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
......
76
855
201
88
72
378
147
60
4
477
54
28
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
...........................................
1,437
1,007
667
164
1,009
442
330
116
428
565
337
48
Home
economics
................................
91
306
181
42
75
204
118
32
16
102
63
10
Law
and
legal
studies
.........................
525
159
82
17
332
49
32
4
193
110
50
13
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,
and
humanities
..................
1,327
789
174
20
1,030
329
86
7
297
460
88
13
Library
science
....................................
29
12
68
17
29
11
56
15
0
1
12
2
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution
.......................................
410
150
18
2
324
55
2
1
86
95
16
1
Mathematics
........................................
146
1,127
317
156
137
472
245
108
9
655
72
48
Mechanics
and
repairers
....................
593
7
0
0
545
4
0
0
48
3
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
..............
227
634
220
58
205
265
143
38
22
369
77
20
Parks,
recreation,
leisure,
and
fitness
studies
.............................................
133
607
156
29
117
264
125
27
16
343
31
2
Philosophy
and
religion
.......................
27
839
196
98
20
285
85
53
7
554
111
45
Physical
sciences
................................
149
1,069
330
207
139
460
241
137
10
609
89
70
Precision
production
trades
................
719
30
1
0
586
22
0
0
133
8
1
0
Protective
services
..............................
858
513
136
11
762
262
97
10
96
251
39
1
Psychology
..........................................
162
1,283
593
259
143
471
309
133
19
812
284
126
Public
administration
and
services
.....
277
653
369
85
239
299
249
53
38
354
120
32
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
.....
2
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Science
technologies
..........................
140
24
6
1
127
12
5
1
13
12
1
0
Social
sciences
and
history
................
253
1,302
427
180
213
488
298
119
40
814
129
61
Theological
studies/
religious
vocations
83
349
268
118
1
0
0
0
82
349
268
118
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
............................................
117
65
7
0
103
38
4
0
14
27
3
0
Visual
and
performing
arts
..................
643
1,266
375
100
466
454
235
66
177
812
140
34
Vocational
home
economics
...............
571
32
7
0
547
15
4
0
24
17
3
0
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
............
17
11
12
3
8
3
3
0
9
8
9
3
NOTE:
Doctor's
degrees
include
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
first­
professional
degrees
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
Data
represent
programs,
not
organizational
units
within
institutions.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Completions''
survey,
1999
 
2000
and
``
Consolidated''
survey,
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
322
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
263.
 
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions
in
dentistry,
medicine,
and
law,
by
sex,
and
number
of
institutions
conferring
degrees:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)

Number
of
institutions
conferring
degrees
Degrees
conferred
Number
of
institutions
conferring
degrees
Degrees
conferred
Number
of
institutions
conferring
degrees
Degrees
conferred
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1949
 
50
.......................
40
2,579
2,561
18
72
5,612
5,028
584
 
 
 
 
1951
 
52
.......................
41
2,918
2,895
23
72
6,201
5,871
330
 
 
 
 
1953
 
54
.......................
42
3,102
3,063
39
73
6,712
6,377
335
 
 
 
 
1955
 
56
.......................
42
3,009
2,975
34
73
6,810
6,464
346
131
8,262
7,974
288
1957
 
58
.......................
43
3,065
3,031
34
75
6,816
6,469
347
131
9,394
9,122
272
1959
 
60
.......................
45
3,247
3,221
26
79
7,032
6,645
387
134
9,240
9,010
230
1961
 
62
.......................
46
3,183
3,166
17
81
7,138
6,749
389
134
9,364
9,091
273
1963
 
64
.......................
46
3,180
3,168
12
82
7,303
6,878
425
133
10,679
10,372
307
1965
 
66
.......................
47
3,178
3,146
32
84
7,673
7,170
503
136
13,246
12,776
470
1967
 
68
.......................
48
3,422
3,375
47
85
7,944
7,318
626
138
16,454
15,805
649
1969
 
70
.......................
48
3,718
3,684
34
86
8,314
7,615
699
145
14,916
14,115
801
1970
 
71
.......................
48
3,745
3,703
42
89
8,919
8,110
809
147
17,421
16,181
1,240
1971
 
72
.......................
48
3,862
3,819
43
92
9,253
8,423
830
147
21,764
20,266
1,498
1972
 
73
.......................
51
4,047
3,992
55
97
10,307
9,388
919
152
27,205
25,037
2,168
1973
 
74
.......................
52
4,440
4,355
85
99
11,356
10,093
1,263
151
29,326
25,986
3,340
1974
 
75
.......................
52
4,773
4,627
146
104
12,447
10,818
1,629
154
29,296
24,881
4,415
1975
 
76
.......................
56
5,425
5,187
238
107
13,426
11,252
2,174
166
32,293
26,085
6,208
1976
 
77
.......................
57
5,138
4,764
374
109
13,461
10,891
2,570
169
34,104
26,447
7,657
1977
 
78
.......................
57
5,189
4,623
566
109
14,279
11,210
3,069
169
34,402
25,457
8,945
1978
 
79
.......................
58
5,434
4,794
640
109
14,786
11,381
3,405
175
35,206
25,180
10,026
1979
 
80
.......................
58
5,258
4,558
700
112
14,902
11,416
3,486
179
35,647
24,893
10,754
1980
 
81
.......................
58
5,460
4,672
788
116
15,505
11,672
3,833
176
36,331
24,563
11,768
1981
 
82
.......................
59
5,282
4,467
815
119
15,814
11,867
3,947
180
35,991
23,965
12,026
1982
 
83
.......................
59
5,585
4,631
954
118
15,484
11,350
4,134
177
36,853
23,550
13,303
1983
 
84
.......................
60
5,353
4,302
1,051
119
15,813
11,359
4,454
179
37,012
23,382
13,630
1984
 
85
.......................
59
5,339
4,233
1,106
120
16,041
11,167
4,874
181
37,491
23,070
14,421
1985
 
86
.......................
59
5,046
3,907
1,139
120
15,938
11,022
4,916
181
35,844
21,874
13,970
1986
 
87
.......................
58
4,741
3,603
1,138
121
15,428
10,431
4,997
179
36,056
21,561
14,495
1987
 
88
.......................
57
4,477
3,300
1,177
122
15,358
10,278
5,080
180
35,397
21,067
14,330
1988
 
89
.......................
58
4,265
3,124
1,141
124
15,460
10,310
5,150
182
35,634
21,069
14,565
1989
 
90
.......................
57
4,100
2,834
1,266
124
15,075
9,923
5,152
182
36,485
21,079
15,406
1990
 
91
.......................
55
3,699
2,510
1,189
121
15,043
9,629
5,414
179
37,945
21,643
16,302
1991
 
92
.......................
52
3,593
2,431
1,162
120
15,243
9,796
5,447
177
38,848
22,260
16,588
1992
 
93
.......................
55
3,605
2,383
1,222
122
15,531
9,679
5,852
184
40,302
23,182
17,120
1993
 
94
.......................
53
3,787
2,330
1,457
121
15,368
9,544
5,824
185
40,044
22,826
17,218
1994
 
95
.......................
53
3,897
2,480
1,417
119
15,537
9,507
6,030
183
39,349
22,592
16,757
1995
 
96
.......................
53
3,697
2,374
1,323
119
15,341
9,061
6,280
183
39,828
22,508
17,320
1996
 
97
.......................
52
3,784
2,387
1,397
118
15,571
9,121
6,450
184
40,079
22,548
17,531
1997
 
98
.......................
53
4,032
2,490
1,542
117
15,424
9,006
6,418
185
39,331
21,876
17,455
1998
 
99
.......................
53
4,144
2,674
1,470
118
15,562
8,954
6,608
188
39,167
21,628
17,539
1999
 
2000
...................
54
4,250
2,547
1,703
118
15,286
8,761
6,525
190
38,152
20,638
17,514
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
323
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
264.
 
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
sex
of
student,
control
of
institution,
and
field
of
study:

1985
 
86
to
1999
 
2000
Control
of
institution
and
field
of
study
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Total,
all
institutions
....................................
73,910
70,735
70,988
71,948
74,146
75,387
75,418
75,800
76,734
78,730
78,598
78,439
44,339
34,100
80,057
44,239
35,818
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
..............................
5,046
4,477
4,100
3,699
3,593
3,605
3,787
3,897
3,697
3,784
4,032
4,144
2,674
1,470
4,250
2,547
1,703
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
.................................................
15,938
15,358
15,075
15,043
15,243
15,531
15,368
15,537
15,341
15,571
15,424
15,562
8,954
6,608
15,286
8,761
6,525
Optometry
(
O.
D.)
...............................................
1,029
1,023
1,072
1,115
1,232
1,148
1,103
1,185
1,231
1,264
1,274
1,285
637
648
1,293
604
689
Osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.)
.............................
1,547
1,544
1,555
1,459
1,326
1,627
1,798
1,854
1,895
2,011
2,110
2,135
1,338
797
2,236
1,399
837
Pharmacy
(
Pharm.
D.)
........................................
903
962
1,199
1,244
1,339
1,904
1,936
2,264
2,555
2,708
3,660
3,992
1,319
2,673
5,669
1,943
3,726
Podiatry
(
Pod.
D.
or
D.
P.)
or
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.)
..........................
612
645
675
589
504
476
465
545
650
614
594
578
417
161
569
396
173
Veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.)
............................
2,270
2,235
2,151
2,032
2,044
2,057
2,089
2,148
2,109
2,188
2,193
2,226
725
1,501
2,251
710
1,541
Chiropractic
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.)
............................
3,395
2,628
2,581
2,640
2,694
2,799
2,806
2,968
3,379
3,654
3,735
3,639
2,594
1,045
3,809
2,718
1,091
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)
............................................
35,844
35,397
36,485
37,945
38,848
40,302
40,044
39,349
39,828
40,079
39,331
39,167
21,628
17,539
38,152
20,638
17,514
Theology
(
M.
Div.,
M.
H.
L.,
B.
D.,

or
Ord.
and
M.
H.
L./
Rav.)
..............................
7,283
6,466
5,851
5,695
5,251
5,447
5,967
5,978
5,879
5,859
5,873
5,558
3,986
1,572
6,129
4,337
1,792
Other
..................................................................
43
0
244
487
2,072
491
55
75
170
998
372
153
67
86
413
186
227
Total,
public
institutions
.............................
29,568
29,153
28,810
29,554
29,366
29,628
29,842
29,871
29,882
31,243
31,233
31,693
17,035
14,658
32,247
16,923
15,324
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
..............................
2,827
2,524
2,353
2,308
2,200
2,167
2,189
2,236
2,198
2,350
2,468
2,479
1,656
823
2,512
1,585
927
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
.................................................
9,991
9,557
9,108
9,364
9,259
9,370
9,506
9,599
9,370
9,773
9,474
9,515
5,527
3,988
9,389
5,394
3,995
Optometry
(
O.
D.)
...............................................
441
429
444
477
595
460
471
461
499
498
537
488
222
266
493
226
267
Osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.)
.............................
486
434
458
493
416
490
531
492
528
527
568
548
319
229
535
305
230
Pharmacy
(
Pharm.
D.)
........................................
473
615
727
808
852
1,171
1,185
1,344
1,557
1,765
2,212
2,503
822
1,681
3,485
1,227
2,258
Podiatry
(
Pod.
D.
or
D.
P.)
or
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.)
..........................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
103
97
60
37
84
57
27
Veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.)
............................
1,931
2,014
1,943
1,814
1,831
1,840
1,895
1,927
1,889
1,950
1,971
1,989
662
1,327
2,021
646
1,375
Chiropractic
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.)
............................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)
............................................
13,419
13,580
13,585
14,290
14,097
14,130
14,065
13,812
13,841
14,380
13,900
14,074
7,767
6,307
13,728
7,483
6,245
Theology
(
M.
Div.,
M.
H.
L.,
B.
D.,

or
Ord.
and
M.
H.
L./
Rav.)
..............................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other
..................................................................
0
0
192
0
116
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total,
private
institutions
............................
44,342
41,582
42,178
42,394
44,780
45,759
45,576
45,929
46,852
47,487
47,365
46,746
27,304
19,442
47,810
27,316
20,494
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
..............................
2,219
1,953
1,747
1,391
1,393
1,438
1,598
1,661
1,499
1,434
1,564
1,665
1,018
647
1,738
962
776
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
.................................................
5,947
5,801
5,967
5,679
5,984
6,161
5,862
5,938
5,971
5,798
5,950
6,047
3,427
2,620
5,897
3,367
2,530
Optometry
(
O.
D.)
...............................................
588
594
628
638
637
688
632
724
732
766
737
797
415
382
800
378
422
Osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.)
.............................
1,061
1,110
1,097
966
910
1,137
1,267
1,362
1,367
1,484
1,542
1,587
1,019
568
1,701
1,094
607
Pharmacy
(
Pharm.
D.)
........................................
430
347
472
436
487
733
751
920
998
943
1,448
1,489
497
992
2,184
716
1,468
Podiatry
(
Pod.
D.
or
D.
P.)
or
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.)
..........................
612
645
675
589
504
476
465
545
650
614
491
481
357
124
485
339
146
Veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.)
............................
339
221
208
218
213
217
194
221
220
238
222
237
63
174
230
64
166
Chiropractic
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.)
............................
3,395
2,628
2,581
2,640
2,694
2,799
2,806
2,968
3,379
3,654
3,735
3,639
2,594
1,045
3,809
2,718
1,091
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)
............................................
22,425
21,817
22,900
23,655
24,751
26,172
25,979
25,537
25,987
25,699
25,431
25,093
13,861
11,232
24,424
13,155
11,269
Theology
(
M.
Div.,
M.
H.
L.,
B.
D.,

or
Ord.
and
M.
H.
L./
Rav.)
..............................
7,283
6,466
5,851
5,695
5,251
5,447
5,967
5,978
5,879
5,859
5,873
5,558
3,986
1,572
6,129
4,337
1,792
Other
..................................................................
43
0
52
487
1,956
491
55
75
170
998
372
153
67
86
413
186
227
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
which
require
at
least
6
years
of
college
work
for
completion
(
including
at
least
2
years
of
preprofessional
training).
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
324
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
265.
 
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Number
of
degrees
conferred
Percentage
distribution
of
degrees
conferred
to
U.
S.
citizens
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
Total
1976
 
77
1
........
404,956
342,290
33,159
16,636
7,044
2,498
3,329
100.0
85.2
8.3
4.1
1.8
0.6
1978
 
79
2
........
396,745
331,092
34,979
16,269
7,518
2,336
4,551
100.0
84.4
8.9
4.1
1.9
0.6
1980
 
81
3
........
410,174
339,167
35,330
17,800
8,650
2,584
6,643
100.0
84.0
8.8
4.4
2.1
0.6
1984
 
85
4
........
429,815
355,343
35,791
19,407
9,914
2,953
6,407
100.0
83.9
8.5
4.6
2.3
0.7
1986
 
87
..........
436,304
361,861
35,447
19,334
11,779
3,195
4,688
100.0
83.8
8.2
4.5
2.7
0.7
1988
 
89
5
........
432,144
354,865
34,664
20,384
12,519
3,331
6,381
100.0
83.3
8.1
4.8
2.9
0.8
1989
 
90
6
........
450,263
369,580
35,327
22,195
13,482
3,530
6,149
100.0
83.2
8.0
5.0
3.0
0.8
1990
 
91
7
........
462,030
376,081
37,657
24,251
13,725
3,672
6,644
100.0
82.6
8.3
5.3
3.0
0.8
1991
 
92
8
........
494,387
400,530
39,411
26,905
15,596
4,008
7,937
100.0
82.3
8.1
5.5
3.2
0.8
1992
 
93
9
........
508,154
405,883
42,340
29,991
16,632
4,379
8,929
100.0
81.3
8.5
6.0
3.3
0.9
1993
 
94
10
.......
529,106
418,301
45,461
32,074
18,433
4,871
9,966
100.0
80.6
8.8
6.2
3.6
0.9
1994
 
95
11
.......
538,545
419,323
47,142
36,013
20,717
5,492
9,858
100.0
79.3
8.9
6.8
3.9
1.0
1995
 
96
12
.......
553,625
425,028
51,672
38,163
23,091
5,556
10,115
100.0
78.2
9.5
7.0
4.2
1.0
1996
 
97
13
.......
563,620
424,364
55,260
42,645
24,829
5,927
10,595
100.0
76.7
10.0
7.7
4.5
1.1
1997
 
98
14
.......
555,538
411,336
55,008
45,627
25,047
6,220
12,300
100.0
75.7
10.1
8.4
4.6
1.1
1998
 
99
..........
559,954
408,844
57,405
48,643
27,566
6,417
11,079
100.0
74.5
10.5
8.9
5.0
1.2
1999
 
2000
......
564,933
408,508
60,181
51,541
27,764
6,494
10,445
100.0
73.7
10.9
9.3
5.0
1.2
Men
Men
1976
 
77
1
........
209,672
178,236
15,330
9,105
3,630
1,216
2,155
100.0
85.9
7.4
4.4
1.7
0.6
1978
 
79
2
........
187,284
156,671
14,425
8,135
4,058
1,069
2,926
100.0
85.0
7.8
4.4
2.2
0.6
1980
 
81
3
........
183,819
151,242
14,290
8,327
4,557
1,108
4,295
100.0
84.2
8.0
4.6
2.5
0.6
1984
 
85
4
........
190,409
157,278
14,184
8,561
5,492
1,198
3,696
100.0
84.2
7.6
4.6
2.9
0.6
1986
 
87
..........
190,839
158,132
13,959
8,760
6,169
1,263
2,556
100.0
84.0
7.4
4.7
3.3
0.7
1988
 
89
5
........
183,963
150,978
12,884
9,217
6,366
1,323
3,195
100.0
83.5
7.1
5.1
3.5
0.7
1989
 
90
6
........
188,631
154,748
13,147
9,859
6,477
1,433
2,967
100.0
83.3
7.1
5.3
3.5
0.8
1990
 
91
7
........
190,221
155,330
13,718
10,210
6,440
1,373
3,150
100.0
83.0
7.3
5.5
3.4
0.7
1991
 
92
8
........
202,808
164,799
14,294
11,536
7,254
1,531
3,394
100.0
82.6
7.2
5.8
3.6
0.8
1992
 
93
9
........
209,051
167,312
15,497
12,924
7,877
1,663
3,778
100.0
81.5
7.5
6.3
3.8
0.8
1993
 
94
10
.......
214,462
170,137
16,917
13,204
8,288
1,836
4,080
100.0
80.9
8.0
6.3
3.9
0.9
1994
 
95
11
.......
217,730
169,475
16,786
15,717
9,283
2,106
4,363
100.0
79.4
7.9
7.4
4.4
1.0
1995
 
96
12
.......
218,977
168,858
17,854
15,700
10,204
1,989
4,372
100.0
78.7
8.3
7.3
4.8
0.9
1996
 
97
13
.......
220,722
166,732
18,994
17,583
10,770
2,047
4,596
100.0
77.1
8.8
8.1
5.0
0.9
1997
 
98
14
.......
216,440
160,346
18,584
19,006
10,885
2,243
5,376
100.0
76.0
8.8
9.0
5.2
1.1
1998
 
99
..........
218,417
160,681
19,386
19,367
11,662
2,239
5,082
100.0
75.3
9.1
9.1
5.5
1.0
1999
 
2000
......
224,721
164,197
20,951
20,933
12,001
2,224
4,415
100.0
74.5
9.5
9.5
5.4
1.0
Women
Women
1976
 
77
1
........
195,284
164,054
17,829
7,531
3,414
1,282
1,174
100.0
84.5
9.2
3.9
1.8
0.7
1978
 
79
2
........
209,461
174,421
20,554
8,134
3,460
1,267
1,625
100.0
83.9
9.9
3.9
1.7
0.6
1980
 
81
3
........
226,355
187,925
21,040
9,473
4,093
1,476
2,348
100.0
83.9
9.4
4.2
1.8
0.7
1984
 
85
4
........
239,406
198,065
21,607
10,846
4,422
1,755
2,711
100.0
83.7
9.1
4.6
1.9
0.7
1986
 
87
..........
245,465
203,729
21,488
10,574
5,610
1,932
2,132
100.0
83.7
8.8
4.3
2.3
0.8
1988
 
89
5
........
248,181
203,887
21,780
11,167
6,153
2,008
3,186
100.0
83.2
8.9
4.6
2.5
0.8
1989
 
90
6
........
261,632
214,832
22,180
12,336
7,005
2,097
3,182
100.0
83.1
8.6
4.8
2.7
0.8
1990
 
91
7
........
271,809
220,751
23,939
14,041
7,285
2,299
3,494
100.0
82.3
8.9
5.2
2.7
0.9
1991
 
92
8
........
291,579
235,731
25,117
15,369
8,342
2,477
4,543
100.0
82.1
8.8
5.4
2.9
0.9
1992
 
93
9
........
299,103
238,571
26,843
17,067
8,755
2,716
5,151
100.0
81.2
9.1
5.8
3.0
0.9
1993
 
94
10
.......
314,644
248,164
28,544
18,870
10,145
3,035
5,886
100.0
80.4
9.2
6.1
3.3
1.0
1994
 
95
11
.......
320,815
249,848
30,356
20,296
11,434
3,386
5,495
100.0
79.2
9.6
6.4
3.6
1.1
1995
 
96
12
.......
334,648
256,170
33,818
22,463
12,887
3,567
5,743
100.0
77.9
10.3
6.8
3.9
1.1
1996
 
97
13
.......
342,898
257,632
36,266
25,062
14,059
3,880
5,999
100.0
76.5
10.8
7.4
4.2
1.2
1997
 
98
14
.......
339,098
250,990
36,424
26,621
14,162
3,977
6,924
100.0
75.6
11.0
8.0
4.3
1.2
1998
 
99
..........
341,537
248,163
38,019
29,276
15,904
4,178
5,997
100.0
74.0
11.3
8.7
4.7
1.2
1999
 
2000
......
340,212
244,311
39,230
30,608
15,763
4,270
6,030
100.0
73.1
11.7
9.2
4.7
1.3
1
Excludes
1,170
men
and
251
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
2
Excludes
4,807
men
and
1,150
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
3
Excludes
4,819
men
and
1,384
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
4
Excludes
1,033
men
and
1,512
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
5
Excludes
2,353
men
and
2,267
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
6
Excludes
2,564
men
and
2,275
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
7
Excludes
8,413
men
and
11,277
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
8
Excludes
4,673
men
and
5,171
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
9
Excludes
2,913
men
and
3,689
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
10
Excludes
799
men
and
727
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
11
Excludes
622
men
and
524
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
12
Excludes
537
men
and
1,054
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
13
Excludes
3,226
men
and
4,380
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
14
Excludes
1,173
men
and
1,844
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

NOTE:
For
years
1984
 
85
to
1999
 
2000,
reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
325
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
266.
 
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.................................................
564,933
408,508
60,181
51,541
27,764
6,494
10,445
224,721
164,197
20,951
20,933
12,001
2,224
4,415
340,212
244,311
39,230
30,608
15,763
4,270
6,030
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
........................
6,667
6,316
53
86
46
103
63
4,353
4,151
31
53
23
59
36
2,314
2,165
22
33
23
44
27
Architecture
and
related
programs
......................
392
312
11
30
28
0
11
101
89
0
5
5
0
2
291
223
11
25
23
0
9
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
........................
259
119
26
30
5
54
25
56
18
7
7
1
13
10
203
101
19
23
4
41
15
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
..........................
1,434
968
144
142
112
40
28
481
329
40
53
40
10
9
953
639
104
89
72
30
19
Business
...............................................................
107,401
74,627
14,656
9,275
5,179
1,191
2,473
34,525
24,820
4,007
2,789
1,608
284
1,017
72,876
49,807
10,649
6,486
3,571
907
1,456
Communications
...................................................
2,754
2,059
263
228
114
26
64
1,435
1,073
145
134
46
11
26
1,319
986
118
94
68
15
38
Communications
technologies
.............................
1,709
1,245
188
162
48
6
60
1,059
794
111
103
25
3
23
650
451
77
59
23
3
37
Computer
and
information
sciences
....................
20,450
13,451
3,005
1,695
1,563
248
488
11,700
8,106
1,392
998
864
97
243
8,750
5,345
1,613
697
699
151
245
Construction
trades
..............................................
2,337
1,978
141
112
55
46
5
2,220
1,879
131
111
54
40
5
117
99
10
1
1
6
0
Education
.............................................................
8,226
5,698
1,136
994
115
208
75
1,702
1,188
248
184
17
43
22
6,524
4,510
888
810
98
165
53
Engineering
..........................................................
1,752
1,203
136
163
163
17
70
1,509
1,054
110
134
139
13
59
243
149
26
29
24
4
11
Engineering­
related
technologies
.........................
35,395
25,110
3,823
3,733
2,106
359
264
30,736
22,033
3,110
3,289
1,815
272
217
4,659
3,077
713
444
291
87
47
English
language
and
literature/
letters
................
947
712
66
84
47
12
26
333
247
28
32
15
6
5
614
465
38
52
32
6
21
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.......................
501
320
20
99
32
1
29
235
175
9
28
17
1
5
266
145
11
71
15
0
24
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.............
84,081
65,616
8,562
5,406
3,050
922
525
11,728
8,601
1,152
1,033
725
116
101
72,353
57,015
7,410
4,373
2,325
806
424
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.........................................................
8,381
5,292
1,253
1,079
525
104
128
704
441
71
66
102
8
16
7,677
4,851
1,182
1,013
423
96
112
Law
and
legal
studies
..........................................
7,265
5,125
1,149
735
144
88
24
881
545
152
127
30
21
6
6,384
4,580
997
608
114
67
18
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
................................................
187,454
134,558
17,539
18,856
10,070
1,982
4,449
69,746
50,201
6,161
6,819
4,025
672
1,868
117,708
84,357
11,378
12,037
6,045
1,310
2,581
Library
science
.....................................................
98
82
1
6
6
2
1
8
7
0
1
0
0
0
90
75
1
5
6
2
1
Mathematics
.........................................................
675
400
40
101
93
7
34
408
231
26
65
56
4
26
267
169
14
36
37
3
8
Mechanics
and
repairers
......................................
11,614
8,793
783
1,020
735
128
155
10,791
8,263
708
937
612
121
150
823
530
75
83
123
7
5
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...............................
11,784
8,564
1,228
1,058
690
95
149
5,521
3,788
655
544
401
45
88
6,263
4,776
573
514
289
50
61
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
......
855
634
105
62
21
8
25
511
381
72
33
11
3
11
344
253
33
29
10
5
14
Philosophy
and
religion
........................................
63
46
3
7
2
0
5
32
20
1
5
2
0
4
31
26
2
2
0
0
1
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
.......
2,460
1,735
240
201
197
21
66
1,299
950
107
118
82
12
30
1,161
785
133
83
115
9
36
Precision
production
trades
.................................
11,814
9,357
637
1,052
567
141
60
9,200
7,329
500
831
409
96
35
2,614
2,028
137
221
158
45
25
Protective
services
...............................................
16,298
12,426
1,689
1,609
317
222
35
10,507
8,428
748
955
241
116
19
5,791
3,998
941
654
76
106
16
Psychology
...........................................................
1,455
998
142
200
53
39
23
326
204
46
46
17
7
6
1,129
794
96
154
36
32
17
Public
administration
and
services
......................
3,656
2,006
890
514
105
120
21
555
268
150
91
17
27
2
3,101
1,738
740
423
88
93
19
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
......................
65
23
27
13
2
0
0
54
22
21
9
2
0
0
11
1
6
4
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
.................................
5,136
3,108
617
799
371
127
114
1,791
1,102
205
276
143
28
37
3,345
2,006
412
523
228
99
77
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
........
636
447
125
30
4
2
28
355
262
63
18
3
2
7
281
185
62
12
1
0
21
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
......
1,021
807
32
82
30
11
59
870
696
30
68
29
10
37
151
111
2
14
1
1
22
Visual
and
performing
arts
...................................
17,100
12,495
1,090
1,612
954
144
805
7,999
5,817
593
884
348
77
280
9,101
6,678
497
728
606
67
525
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.............................
2,798
1,878
361
266
215
20
58
990
685
121
87
77
7
13
1,808
1,193
240
179
138
13
45
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/

marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
326
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
267.
 
Associate
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.................................................
559,954
408,844
57,405
48,643
27,566
6,417
11,079
218,417
160,681
19,386
19,367
11,662
2,239
5,082
341,537
248,163
38,019
29,276
15,904
4,178
5,997
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
........................
6,633
6,194
55
154
33
116
81
4,320
4,061
43
90
14
67
45
2,313
2,133
12
64
19
49
36
Architecture
and
related
programs
......................
405
314
15
39
30
2
5
67
45
6
7
7
1
1
338
269
9
32
23
1
4
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
........................
308
126
47
47
4
71
13
66
27
14
10
0
14
1
242
99
33
37
4
57
12
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
..........................
2,211
1,380
170
253
311
57
40
765
463
63
99
113
15
12
1,446
917
107
154
198
42
28
Business
...............................................................
105,848
74,463
13,600
8,825
5,241
1,155
2,564
32,551
23,490
3,634
2,613
1,510
249
1,055
73,297
50,973
9,966
6,212
3,731
906
1,509
Communications
...................................................
2,639
1,990
233
242
76
23
75
1,346
998
117
143
38
11
39
1,293
992
116
99
38
12
36
Communications
technologies
.............................
1,541
1,110
147
157
58
7
62
961
707
80
101
41
6
26
580
403
67
56
17
1
36
Computer
and
information
sciences
....................
16,968
11,043
2,440
1,413
1,423
239
410
9,420
6,397
1,058
763
857
110
235
7,548
4,646
1,382
650
566
129
175
Construction
trades
..............................................
2,137
1,811
142
91
59
30
4
2,029
1,724
132
86
57
26
4
108
87
10
5
2
4
0
Education
.............................................................
9,971
6,915
1,235
1,277
205
251
88
2,356
1,597
309
276
68
81
25
7,615
5,318
926
1,001
137
170
63
Engineering
..........................................................
2,033
1,448
116
173
168
17
111
1,719
1,233
95
146
137
9
99
314
215
21
27
31
8
12
Engineering­
related
technologies
.........................
34,047
24,246
3,545
3,083
2,006
324
843
29,534
21,182
2,914
2,721
1,720
257
740
4,513
3,064
631
362
286
67
103
English
language
and
literature/
letters
................
1,621
926
122
223
127
15
208
575
331
47
75
47
6
69
1,046
595
75
148
80
9
139
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.......................
549
342
24
116
46
4
17
244
165
10
33
29
1
6
305
177
14
83
17
3
11
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.............
90,557
71,715
8,767
5,381
3,182
978
534
13,340
9,921
1,243
1,130
752
168
126
77,217
61,794
7,524
4,251
2,430
810
408
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.........................................................
8,502
5,593
1,200
984
491
98
136
699
458
69
39
110
12
11
7,803
5,135
1,131
945
381
86
125
Law
and
legal
studies
..........................................
7,400
5,436
1,071
671
121
72
29
886
622
141
89
19
7
8
6,514
4,814
930
582
102
65
21
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
................................................
181,977
131,616
17,201
17,399
9,918
1,807
4,036
68,209
49,798
5,901
6,283
3,896
605
1,726
113,768
81,818
11,300
11,116
6,022
1,202
2,310
Library
science
.....................................................
86
77
2
4
2
1
0
5
4
1
0
0
0
0
81
73
1
4
2
1
0
Mathematics
.........................................................
823
500
36
137
121
7
22
451
266
24
74
74
3
10
372
234
12
63
47
4
12
Mechanics
and
repairers
......................................
10,806
8,110
764
939
738
137
118
9,915
7,516
667
871
621
126
114
891
594
97
68
117
11
4
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...............................
8,658
6,846
664
590
359
93
106
3,997
3,139
326
274
156
60
42
4,661
3,707
338
316
203
33
64
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
......
871
688
74
61
14
15
19
529
406
55
37
12
8
11
342
282
19
24
2
7
8
Philosophy
and
religion
........................................
74
57
4
8
2
1
2
35
26
2
5
1
0
1
39
31
2
3
1
1
1
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
.......
2,399
1,646
201
191
262
27
72
1,198
832
88
104
121
10
43
1,201
814
113
87
141
17
29
Precision
production
trades
.................................
11,598
9,038
701
897
560
114
288
9,009
7,114
517
716
369
83
210
2,589
1,924
184
181
191
31
78
Protective
services
...............................................
17,430
13,300
1,779
1,679
400
220
52
11,449
9,207
795
1,029
267
120
31
5,981
4,093
984
650
133
100
21
Psychology
...........................................................
1,625
1,091
163
237
63
40
31
395
255
49
53
23
9
6
1,230
836
114
184
40
31
25
Public
administration
and
services
......................
3,881
2,201
951
494
104
91
40
613
344
141
82
22
18
6
3,268
1,857
810
412
82
73
34
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
......................
42
19
13
8
2
0
0
40
19
11
8
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
.................................
4,550
2,726
546
743
277
127
131
1,593
947
182
271
114
28
51
2,957
1,779
364
472
163
99
80
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
........
476
354
80
6
7
5
24
229
175
33
5
2
2
12
247
179
47
1
5
3
12
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
......
1,154
906
43
96
43
8
58
975
790
39
77
27
5
37
179
116
4
19
16
3
21
Visual
and
performing
arts
...................................
17,640
12,766
1,013
1,824
993
240
804
7,942
5,711
500
977
384
113
257
9,698
7,055
513
847
609
127
547
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.............................
2,494
1,851
241
201
120
25
56
955
711
80
80
52
9
23
1,539
1,140
161
121
68
16
33
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
327
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
268.
 
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Number
of
degrees
conferred
Percentage
distribution
of
degrees
conferred
to
U.
S.
citizens
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,
non­

Hispanic
Black,
non­

Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
Total
1976
 
77
1
........
917,900
807,688
58,636
18,743
13,793
3,326
15,714
100.0
89.5
6.5
2.1
1.5
0.4
1978
 
79
2
........
919,540
802,542
60,246
20,096
15,407
3,410
17,839
100.0
89.0
6.7
2.2
1.7
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
934,800
807,319
60,673
21,832
18,794
3,593
22,589
100.0
88.5
6.7
2.4
2.1
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
968,311
826,106
57,473
25,874
25,395
4,246
29,217
100.0
88.0
6.1
2.8
2.7
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
991,264
841,818
56,560
26,988
32,624
3,968
29,306
100.0
87.5
5.9
2.8
3.4
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
1,016,350
859,703
58,078
29,918
37,674
3,951
27,026
100.0
86.9
5.9
3.0
3.8
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
1,048,631
884,376
61,063
32,844
39,248
4,392
26,708
100.0
86.5
6.0
3.2
3.8
0.4
1990
 
91
7
........
1,081,280
904,062
65,341
36,612
41,618
4,513
29,134
100.0
85.9
6.2
3.5
4.0
0.4
1991
 
92
8
........
1,129,833
936,771
72,326
40,761
46,720
5,176
28,079
100.0
85.0
6.6
3.7
4.2
0.5
1992
 
93
9
........
1,159,931
947,309
77,872
45,376
51,463
5,671
32,240
100.0
84.0
6.9
4.0
4.6
0.5
1993
 
94
10
......
1,165,973
936,227
83,576
50,241
55,660
6,189
34,080
100.0
82.7
7.4
4.4
4.9
0.5
1994
 
95
11
......
1,158,788
913,377
87,203
54,201
60,478
6,606
36,923
100.0
81.4
7.8
4.8
5.4
0.6
1995
 
96
12
......
1,163,036
904,709
91,166
58,288
64,359
6,970
37,544
100.0
80.4
8.1
5.2
5.7
0.6
1996
 
97
13
......
1,168,023
898,224
94,053
61,941
67,969
7,409
38,427
100.0
79.5
8.3
5.5
6.0
0.7
1997
 
98
14
......
1,183,033
900,317
98,132
65,937
71,592
7,894
39,161
100.0
78.7
8.6
5.8
6.3
0.7
1998
 
99
..........
1,200,303
906,305
102,106
70,008
74,102
8,418
39,364
100.0
78.1
8.8
6.0
6.4
0.7
1999
 
2000
......
1,237,875
928,013
107,891
74,963
77,793
8,711
40,504
100.0
77.5
9.0
6.3
6.5
0.7
Men
Men
1976
 
77
1
........
494,424
438,161
25,147
10,318
7,638
1,804
11,356
100.0
90.7
5.2
2.1
1.6
0.4
1978
 
79
2
........
476,065
418,215
24,659
10,418
8,261
1,736
12,776
100.0
90.3
5.3
2.2
1.8
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
469,625
406,173
24,511
10,810
10,107
1,700
16,324
100.0
89.6
5.4
2.4
2.2
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
476,148
405,085
23,018
12,402
13,554
1,998
20,091
100.0
88.8
5.0
2.7
3.0
0.4
1986
 
87
..........
480,782
406,749
22,501
12,865
17,253
1,817
19,597
100.0
88.2
4.9
2.8
3.7
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
481,946
407,154
22,370
13,950
19,260
1,730
17,482
100.0
87.7
4.8
3.0
4.1
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
490,317
413,573
23,262
14,941
19,721
1,859
16,961
100.0
87.4
4.9
3.2
4.2
0.4
1990
 
91
7
........
496,424
415,505
24,328
16,158
20,678
1,901
17,854
100.0
86.8
5.1
3.4
4.3
0.4
1991
 
92
8
........
516,976
429,842
26,956
17,976
23,248
2,182
16,772
100.0
85.9
5.4
3.6
4.6
0.4
1992
 
93
9
........
530,541
435,084
28,883
19,865
25,293
2,449
18,967
100.0
85.0
5.6
3.9
4.9
0.5
1993
 
94
10
......
530,804
429,121
30,648
21,807
26,938
2,616
19,674
100.0
84.0
6.0
4.3
5.3
0.5
1994
 
95
11
......
525,174
417,006
31,775
23,600
28,973
2,736
21,084
100.0
82.7
6.3
4.7
5.7
0.5
1995
 
96
12
......
521,439
408,829
32,852
24,994
30,630
2,885
21,249
100.0
81.7
6.6
5.0
6.1
0.6
1996
 
97
13
......
517,901
401,878
33,509
26,007
32,111
2,988
21,408
100.0
80.9
6.7
5.2
6.5
0.6
1997
 
98
14
......
519,360
399,105
34,469
27,648
33,405
3,148
21,585
100.0
80.2
6.9
5.6
6.7
0.6
1998
 
99
..........
518,746
396,476
34,827
28,624
34,172
3,320
21,327
100.0
79.7
7.0
5.8
6.9
0.7
1999
 
2000
......
530,367
402,368
36,972
30,255
35,789
3,459
21,524
100.0
79.1
7.3
5.9
7.0
0.7
Women
Women
1976
 
77
1
........
423,476
369,527
33,489
8,425
6,155
1,522
4,358
100.0
88.2
8.0
2.0
1.5
0.4
1978
 
79
2
........
443,475
384,327
35,587
9,678
7,146
1,674
5,063
100.0
87.7
8.1
2.2
1.6
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
465,175
401,146
36,162
11,022
8,687
1,893
6,265
100.0
87.4
7.9
2.4
1.9
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
492,163
421,021
34,455
13,472
11,841
2,248
9,126
100.0
87.2
7.1
2.8
2.5
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
510,482
435,069
34,059
14,123
15,371
2,151
9,709
100.0
86.9
6.8
2.8
3.1
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
534,404
452,549
35,708
15,968
18,414
2,221
9,544
100.0
86.2
6.8
3.0
3.5
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
558,314
470,803
37,801
17,903
19,527
2,533
9,747
100.0
85.8
6.9
3.3
3.6
0.5
1990
 
91
7
........
584,856
488,557
41,013
20,454
20,940
2,612
11,280
100.0
85.2
7.2
3.6
3.7
0.5
1991
 
92
8
........
612,857
506,929
45,370
22,785
23,472
2,994
11,307
100.0
84.3
7.5
3.8
3.9
0.5
1992
 
93
9
........
629,390
512,225
48,989
25,511
26,170
3,222
13,273
100.0
83.1
8.0
4.1
4.2
0.5
1993
 
94
10
......
635,169
507,106
52,928
28,434
28,722
3,573
14,406
100.0
81.7
8.5
4.6
4.6
0.6
1994
 
95
11
......
633,614
496,371
55,428
30,601
31,505
3,870
15,839
100.0
80.3
9.0
5.0
5.1
0.6
1995
 
96
12
......
641,597
495,880
58,314
33,294
33,729
4,085
16,295
100.0
79.3
9.3
5.3
5.4
0.7
1996
 
97
13
......
650,122
496,346
60,544
35,934
35,858
4,421
17,019
100.0
78.4
9.6
5.7
5.7
0.7
1997
 
98
14
......
663,673
501,212
63,663
38,289
38,187
4,746
17,576
100.0
77.6
9.9
5.9
5.9
0.7
1998
 
99
..........
681,557
509,829
67,279
41,384
39,930
5,098
18,037
100.0
76.8
10.1
6.2
6.0
0.8
1999
 
2000
......
707,508
525,645
70,919
44,708
42,004
5,252
18,980
100.0
76.3
10.3
6.5
6.1
0.8
1
Excludes
1,121
men
and
528
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

2
Excludes
1,279
men
and
571
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

3
Excludes
258
men
and
82
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

4
Excludes
6,380
men
and
4,786
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

5
Excludes
1,400
men
and
1,005
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

6
Excludes
1,379
men
and
1,334
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

7
Excludes
7,621
men
and
5,637
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

8
Excludes
3,835
men
and
2,885
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

9
Excludes
2,340
men
and
2,907
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

10
Excludes
1,618
men
and
1,684
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

11
Excludes
957
men
and
389
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

12
Excludes
1,015
men
and
741
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

13
Excludes
2,614
men
and
2,242
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

14
Excludes
596
men
and
777
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
NOTE:
For
years
1984
 
85
to
1999
 
2000,
reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
328
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
269.
 
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
...........................................
1,237,875
928,013
107,891
74,963
77,793
8,711
40,504
530,367
402,368
36,972
30,255
35,789
3,459
21,524
707,508
525,645
70,919
44,708
42,004
5,252
18,980
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
..................
24,247
21,563
668
736
717
233
330
13,850
12,537
312
388
314
120
179
10,397
9,026
356
348
403
113
151
Architecture
and
related
programs
................
8,462
6,163
324
584
772
61
558
5,193
3,868
196
367
420
38
304
3,269
2,295
128
217
352
23
254
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..................
6,381
3,696
824
736
832
93
200
2,064
1,210
261
240
265
29
59
4,317
2,486
563
496
567
64
141
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
....................
63,532
45,247
4,874
3,326
8,279
391
1,415
26,504
19,286
1,422
1,388
3,684
161
563
37,028
25,961
3,452
1,938
4,595
230
852
Business
.........................................................
257,709
186,605
23,645
14,869
17,575
1,486
13,529
129,664
97,817
8,964
6,842
8,006
653
7,382
128,045
88,788
14,681
8,027
9,569
833
6,147
Communications
.............................................
55,760
44,015
4,968
2,934
1,921
297
1,625
21,289
17,165
1,726
1,032
636
120
610
34,471
26,850
3,242
1,902
1,285
177
1,015
Communications
technologies
.......................
1,150
836
118
111
52
8
25
774
568
60
86
42
4
14
376
268
58
25
10
4
11
Computer
and
information
sciences
..............
36,195
22,149
3,527
1,828
5,499
174
3,018
26,042
17,056
1,841
1,236
3,721
113
2,075
10,153
5,093
1,686
592
1,778
61
943
Construction
trades
........................................
186
171
1
4
4
2
4
170
158
1
4
3
1
3
16
13
0
0
1
1
1
Education
.......................................................
108,168
91,816
7,723
4,865
1,899
948
917
26,124
21,922
2,035
1,113
531
259
264
82,044
69,894
5,688
3,752
1,368
689
653
Engineering
....................................................
58,427
40,052
3,153
3,187
7,043
335
4,657
46,525
32,609
2,036
2,467
5,337
244
3,832
11,902
7,443
1,117
720
1,706
91
825
Engineering­
related
technologies
...................
13,872
10,404
1,404
776
749
104
435
12,386
9,428
1,108
692
679
83
396
1,486
976
296
84
70
21
39
English
language
and
literature/
letters
..........
50,920
41,424
3,884
2,757
1,985
320
550
16,341
13,764
926
881
533
92
145
34,579
27,660
2,958
1,876
1,452
228
405
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.................
14,968
10,554
573
2,536
761
67
477
4,375
3,154
141
706
231
18
125
10,593
7,400
432
1,830
530
49
352
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.......
78,458
61,168
7,817
3,506
4,533
571
863
12,727
9,534
1,094
681
1,110
111
197
65,731
51,634
6,723
2,825
3,423
460
666
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
...................................................
17,779
14,540
1,508
672
697
113
249
2,160
1,681
227
95
100
14
43
15,619
12,859
1,281
577
597
99
206
Law
and
legal
studies
....................................
1,925
1,354
299
155
85
12
20
520
358
66
52
33
5
6
1,405
996
233
103
52
7
14
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
..........................................
36,104
25,899
4,280
3,482
1,401
377
665
12,250
9,193
1,323
894
446
126
268
23,854
16,706
2,957
2,588
955
251
397
Library
science
...............................................
154
121
21
6
3
2
1
77
55
14
6
1
1
0
77
66
7
0
2
1
1
Mathematics
...................................................
12,070
8,896
999
632
982
72
489
6,382
4,697
484
341
508
34
318
5,688
4,199
515
291
474
38
171
Mechanics
and
repairers
................................
70
55
3
1
1
0
10
64
49
3
1
1
0
10
6
6
0
0
0
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.........................
27,460
19,319
2,488
2,856
2,067
220
510
9,136
6,484
732
732
853
68
267
18,324
12,835
1,756
2,124
1,214
152
243
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
19,111
15,818
1,565
935
367
156
270
9,170
7,394
830
534
167
90
155
9,941
8,424
735
401
200
66
115
Philosophy
and
religion
..................................
8,366
6,882
417
406
449
49
163
5,228
4,350
241
247
261
27
102
3,138
2,532
176
159
188
22
61
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
18,385
14,197
1,187
654
1,630
115
602
10,972
8,789
493
390
874
59
367
7,413
5,408
694
264
756
56
235
Precision
production
trades
...........................
393
322
36
11
11
5
8
281
226
28
10
7
4
6
112
96
8
1
4
1
2
Protective
services
.........................................
24,877
17,244
4,141
2,420
640
280
152
14,069
10,399
1,740
1,284
404
145
97
10,808
6,845
2,401
1,136
236
135
55
Psychology
.....................................................
74,060
54,295
7,838
5,755
4,330
537
1,305
17,430
12,860
1,708
1,369
1,076
133
284
56,630
41,435
6,130
4,386
3,254
404
1,021
Public
administration
and
services
................
20,185
13,279
4,194
1,669
606
221
216
3,816
2,406
824
359
142
39
46
16,369
10,873
3,370
1,310
464
182
170
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
sciences
......................
7
7
0
0
0
0
0
6
6
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
...........................
127,101
93,149
11,878
9,035
8,243
970
3,826
62,062
47,365
4,447
4,042
3,837
441
1,930
65,039
45,784
7,431
4,993
4,406
529
1,896
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
..
6,809
5,950
320
159
146
35
199
4,791
4,236
187
113
85
20
150
2,018
1,714
133
46
61
15
49
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
3,395
2,779
188
160
81
33
154
2,985
2,439
166
147
75
29
129
410
340
22
13
6
4
25
Visual
and
performing
arts
.............................
58,791
46,104
2,879
3,047
3,357
418
2,986
24,003
18,574
1,282
1,451
1,370
173
1,153
34,788
27,530
1,597
1,596
1,987
245
1,833
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.......................
2,398
1,940
147
153
76
6
76
937
731
54
65
37
5
45
1,461
1,209
93
88
39
1
31
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/

marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
329
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
270.
 
Bachelor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
...........................................
1,200,303
906,305
102,106
70,008
74,102
8,418
39,364
518,746
396,476
34,827
28,624
34,172
3,320
21,327
681,557
509,829
67,279
41,384
39,930
5,098
18,037
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
..................
23,930
21,344
646
721
637
209
373
13,873
12,534
304
414
289
112
220
10,057
8,810
342
307
348
97
153
Architecture
and
related
programs
................
8,246
5,997
342
614
689
52
552
5,157
3,831
213
384
383
35
311
3,089
2,166
129
230
306
17
241
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
..................
6,252
3,760
765
703
739
85
200
2,023
1,215
228
230
234
34
82
4,229
2,545
537
473
505
51
118
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
....................
65,014
46,076
4,841
3,349
8,848
413
1,487
28,254
20,468
1,402
1,486
4,090
177
631
36,760
25,608
3,439
1,863
4,758
236
856
Business
.........................................................
242,236
176,124
21,785
13,426
16,196
1,359
13,346
123,158
93,117
8,224
6,459
7,292
603
7,463
119,078
83,007
13,561
6,967
8,904
756
5,883
Communications
.............................................
51,384
40,725
4,624
2,529
1,754
264
1,488
20,298
16,556
1,579
907
594
88
574
31,086
24,169
3,045
1,622
1,160
176
914
Communications
technologies
.......................
935
668
107
73
27
3
57
563
401
49
54
21
3
35
372
267
58
19
6
0
22
Computer
and
information
sciences
..............
29,345
18,865
2,827
1,330
3,830
145
2,348
21,392
14,648
1,417
907
2,690
95
1,635
7,953
4,217
1,410
423
1,140
50
713
Construction
trades
........................................
204
184
9
6
2
0
3
187
171
7
4
2
0
3
17
13
2
2
0
0
0
Education
.......................................................
107,172
90,717
7,921
4,701
1,916
1,027
890
26,226
21,977
2,137
1,070
546
264
232
80,946
68,740
5,784
3,631
1,370
763
658
Engineering
....................................................
57,918
39,736
3,169
3,184
6,914
314
4,601
46,579
32,611
2,036
2,479
5,319
226
3,908
11,339
7,125
1,133
705
1,595
88
693
Engineering­
related
technologies
...................
13,743
10,547
1,279
676
594
108
539
12,383
9,636
1,057
573
530
85
502
1,360
911
222
103
64
23
37
English
language
and
literature/
letters
..........
50,535
41,435
3,718
2,565
2,029
278
510
16,490
13,905
884
848
610
92
151
34,045
27,530
2,834
1,717
1,419
186
359
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
.................
14,962
10,696
551
2,381
753
78
503
4,496
3,346
116
665
215
24
130
10,466
7,350
435
1,716
538
54
373
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.......
82,622
65,185
7,577
3,515
4,857
570
918
14,520
11,069
1,095
775
1,234
114
233
68,102
54,116
6,482
2,740
3,623
456
685
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
...................................................
17,689
14,570
1,346
621
777
114
261
2,100
1,669
197
80
96
11
47
15,589
12,901
1,149
541
681
103
214
Law
and
legal
studies
....................................
1,901
1,414
247
126
86
22
6
534
380
67
44
36
7
0
1,367
1,034
180
82
50
15
6
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
...........................................
34,772
24,867
4,110
3,280
1,429
342
744
12,171
9,180
1,176
894
504
98
319
22,601
15,687
2,934
2,386
925
244
425
Library
science
...............................................
78
70
4
3
1
0
0
31
27
2
2
0
0
0
47
43
2
1
1
0
0
Mathematics
...................................................
12,539
9,406
958
703
916
75
481
6,545
4,927
444
377
468
38
291
5,994
4,479
514
326
448
37
190
Mechanics
and
repairers
................................
39
32
3
1
0
0
3
38
31
3
1
0
0
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
.........................
26,581
18,787
2,322
2,796
2,010
177
489
8,738
6,272
683
670
838
51
224
17,843
12,515
1,639
2,126
1,172
126
265
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
18,064
15,134
1,355
846
349
129
251
8,839
7,284
729
450
169
73
134
9,225
7,850
626
396
180
56
117
Philosophy
and
religion
..................................
8,263
6,768
405
388
461
61
180
5,189
4,202
252
272
300
41
122
3,074
2,566
153
116
161
20
58
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
18,337
14,241
1,138
650
1,573
116
619
11,029
8,875
469
396
852
73
364
7,308
5,366
669
254
721
43
255
Precision
production
trades
...........................
386
306
42
9
16
2
11
274
221
28
6
12
2
5
112
85
14
3
4
0
6
Protective
services
.........................................
24,601
17,404
3,988
2,267
568
260
114
14,085
10,651
1,647
1,223
368
137
59
10,516
6,753
2,341
1,044
200
123
55
Psychology
.....................................................
73,536
54,474
7,567
5,508
4,302
553
1,132
18,294
13,596
1,719
1,341
1,221
153
264
55,242
40,878
5,848
4,167
3,081
400
868
Public
administration
and
services
................
20,287
13,749
3,912
1,588
592
263
183
3,791
2,405
770
340
168
59
49
16,496
11,344
3,142
1,248
424
204
134
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
sciences
......................
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
...........................
124,658
92,080
11,603
8,381
7,789
993
3,812
61,736
47,431
4,418
3,807
3,631
462
1,987
62,922
44,649
7,185
4,574
4,158
531
1,825
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
..
6,280
5,543
258
138
166
21
154
4,484
4,010
154
90
106
16
108
1,796
1,533
104
48
60
5
46
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
..........................................
3,383
2,791
187
150
78
22
155
2,984
2,462
158
133
70
19
142
399
329
29
17
8
3
13
Visual
and
performing
arts
.............................
54,404
42,603
2,500
2,780
3,204
363
2,954
22,281
17,364
1,163
1,243
1,284
128
1,099
32,123
25,239
1,337
1,537
1,920
235
1,855
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.......................
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
330
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
271.
 
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Number
of
degrees
conferred
Percentage
distribution
of
degrees
conferred
to
U.
S.
citizens
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
Total
1976
 
77
1
........
316,602
266,061
21,037
6,071
5,122
967
17,344
100.0
88.9
7.0
2.0
1.7
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
300,255
249,360
19,418
5,555
5,496
999
19,427
100.0
88.8
6.9
2.0
2.0
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
294,183
241,216
17,133
6,461
6,282
1,034
22,057
100.0
88.6
6.3
2.4
2.3
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
280,421
223,628
13,939
6,864
7,782
1,256
26,952
100.0
88.2
5.5
2.7
3.1
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
289,349
228,874
13,873
7,044
8,559
1,103
29,896
100.0
88.2
5.3
2.7
3.3
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
309,770
242,764
14,095
7,277
10,335
1,086
34,213
100.0
88.1
5.1
2.6
3.8
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
322,465
251,690
15,446
7,950
10,577
1,101
35,701
100.0
87.8
5.4
2.8
3.7
0.4
1990
 
91
7
........
328,645
255,281
16,139
8,386
11,180
1,136
36,523
100.0
87.4
5.5
2.9
3.8
0.4
1991
 
92
8
........
348,682
268,371
18,116
9,358
12,658
1,273
38,906
100.0
86.6
5.8
3.0
4.1
0.4
1992
 
93
9
........
368,701
278,829
19,780
10,665
13,866
1,407
44,154
100.0
85.9
6.1
3.3
4.3
0.4
1993
 
94
10
.......
385,419
288,288
21,937
11,913
15,267
1,697
46,317
100.0
85.0
6.5
3.5
4.5
0.5
1994
 
95
11
.......
397,052
292,784
24,171
12,907
16,842
1,621
48,727
100.0
84.1
6.9
3.7
4.8
0.5
1995
 
96
12
.......
405,521
297,558
25,801
14,412
18,161
1,778
47,811
100.0
83.2
7.2
4.0
5.1
0.5
1996
 
97
13
.......
414,882
302,541
28,224
15,187
18,477
1,924
48,529
100.0
82.6
7.7
4.1
5.0
0.5
1997
 
98
14
.......
429,296
307,587
30,097
16,215
21,088
2,049
52,260
100.0
81.6
8.0
4.3
5.6
0.5
1998
 
99
..........
439,986
311,299
32,344
17,708
21,803
2,004
54,828
100.0
80.8
8.4
4.6
5.7
0.5
1999
 
2000
......
457,056
317,999
35,625
19,093
22,899
2,232
59,208
100.0
79.9
9.0
4.8
5.8
0.6
Men
Men
1976
 
77
1
........
167,396
139,210
7,781
3,268
3,123
521
13,493
100.0
90.5
5.1
2.1
2.0
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
152,637
124,058
7,070
2,786
3,325
495
14,903
100.0
90.1
5.1
2.0
2.4
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
145,666
115,562
6,158
3,085
3,773
501
16,587
100.0
89.5
4.8
2.4
2.9
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
139,417
106,059
5,200
3,059
4,842
583
19,674
100.0
88.6
4.3
2.6
4.0
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
141,269
105,572
5,153
3,331
5,239
518
21,456
100.0
88.1
4.3
2.8
4.4
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
148,872
109,715
5,175
3,325
6,048
476
24,133
100.0
88.0
4.1
2.7
4.8
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
152,926
112,877
5,539
3,586
6,002
463
24,459
100.0
87.9
4.3
2.8
4.7
0.4
1990
 
91
7
........
151,796
111,224
5,709
3,670
6,319
459
24,415
100.0
87.3
4.5
2.9
5.0
0.4
1991
 
92
8
........
159,543
116,096
6,054
4,132
7,062
523
25,676
100.0
86.7
4.5
3.1
5.3
0.4
1992
 
93
9
........
168,754
120,225
6,821
4,735
7,544
586
28,843
100.0
85.9
4.9
3.4
5.4
0.4
1993
 
94
10
.......
175,355
123,854
7,413
5,113
8,225
691
30,059
100.0
85.2
5.1
3.5
5.7
0.5
1994
 
95
11
.......
178,123
123,809
8,103
5,490
8,920
659
31,142
100.0
84.2
5.5
3.7
6.1
0.4
1995
 
96
12
.......
178,661
124,514
8,442
5,833
9,373
704
29,795
100.0
83.6
5.7
3.9
6.3
0.5
1996
 
97
13
.......
178,165
124,060
8,871
6,115
8,879
729
29,511
100.0
83.5
6.0
4.1
6.0
0.5
1997
 
98
14
.......
183,982
125,343
9,631
6,499
10,239
780
31,490
100.0
82.2
6.3
4.3
6.7
0.5
1998
 
99
..........
186,148
125,310
9,965
6,956
10,328
765
32,824
100.0
81.7
6.5
4.5
6.7
0.5
1999
 
2000
......
191,792
126,522
11,093
7,543
10,853
829
34,952
100.0
80.7
7.1
4.8
6.9
0.5
Women
Women
1976
 
77
1
........
149,206
126,851
13,256
2,803
1,999
446
3,851
100.0
87.3
9.1
1.9
1.4
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
147,618
125,302
12,348
2,769
2,171
504
4,524
100.0
87.6
8.6
1.9
1.5
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
148,517
125,654
10,975
3,376
2,509
533
5,470
100.0
87.8
7.7
2.4
1.8
0.4
1984
 
85
4
........
141,004
117,569
8,739
3,805
2,940
673
7,278
100.0
87.9
6.5
2.8
2.2
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
148,080
123,302
8,720
3,713
3,320
585
8,440
100.0
88.3
6.2
2.7
2.4
0.4
1988
 
89
5
........
160,898
133,049
8,920
3,952
4,287
610
10,080
100.0
88.2
5.9
2.6
2.8
0.4
1989
 
90
6
........
169,539
138,813
9,907
4,364
4,575
638
11,242
100.0
87.7
6.3
2.8
2.9
0.4
1990
 
91
7
........
176,849
144,057
10,430
4,716
4,861
677
12,108
100.0
87.4
6.3
2.9
3.0
0.4
1991
 
92
8
........
189,139
152,275
12,062
5,226
5,596
750
13,230
100.0
86.6
6.9
3.0
3.2
0.4
1992
 
93
9
........
199,947
158,604
12,959
5,930
6,322
821
15,311
100.0
85.9
7.0
3.2
3.4
0.4
1993
 
94
10
.......
210,064
164,434
14,524
6,800
7,042
1,006
16,258
100.0
84.8
7.5
3.5
3.6
0.5
1994
 
95
11
.......
218,929
168,975
16,068
7,417
7,922
962
17,585
100.0
83.9
8.0
3.7
3.9
0.5
1995
 
96
12
.......
226,860
173,044
17,359
8,579
8,788
1,074
18,016
100.0
82.9
8.3
4.1
4.2
0.5
1996
 
97
13
.......
236,717
178,481
19,353
9,072
9,598
1,195
19,018
100.0
82.0
8.9
4.2
4.4
0.5
1997
 
98
14
.......
245,314
182,244
20,466
9,716
10,849
1,269
20,770
100.0
81.2
9.1
4.3
4.8
0.6
1998
 
99
..........
253,838
185,989
22,379
10,752
11,475
1,239
22,004
100.0
80.2
9.7
4.6
4.9
0.5
1999
 
2000
......
265,264
191,477
24,532
11,550
12,046
1,403
24,256
100.0
79.4
10.2
4.8
5.0
0.6
1
Excludes
387
men
and
175
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
2
Excludes
733
men
and
91
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
3
Excludes
1,377
men
and
179
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
4
Excludes
3,973
men
and
1,857
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
5
Excludes
482
men
and
369
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
6
Excludes
727
men
and
1,109
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
7
Excludes
4,686
men
and
3,837
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
8
Excludes
2,299
men
and
1,857
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
9
Excludes
504
men
and
380
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
10
Excludes
730
men
and
921
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
11
Excludes
475
men
and
102
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
12
Excludes
420
men
and
360
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
13
Excludes
2,782
men
and
1,737
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
14
Excludes
393
men
and
475
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

NOTE:
For
years
1984
 
85
to
1999
 
2000,
reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
331
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
272.
 
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.............................................
457,056
317,999
35,625
19,093
22,899
2,232
59,208
191,792
126,522
11,093
7,543
10,853
829
34,952
265,264
191,477
24,532
11,550
12,046
1,403
24,256
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
....................
4,375
3,310
108
109
110
26
712
2,362
1,777
52
58
44
19
412
2,013
1,533
56
51
66
7
300
Architecture
and
related
programs
..................
4,268
2,601
153
193
284
11
1,026
2,508
1,544
81
111
147
7
618
1,760
1,057
72
82
137
4
408
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
....................
1,591
1,023
99
106
85
18
260
644
438
36
41
27
9
93
947
585
63
65
58
9
167
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
......................
6,198
4,309
230
248
611
27
773
2,773
1,967
75
117
300
14
300
3,425
2,342
155
131
311
13
473
Business
...........................................................
112,258
73,252
8,630
4,241
7,371
414
18,350
67,544
45,167
3,691
2,547
4,290
235
11,614
44,714
28,085
4,939
1,694
3,081
179
6,736
Communications
...............................................
5,169
3,227
433
187
204
19
1,099
1,828
1,179
106
65
61
5
412
3,341
2,048
327
122
143
14
687
Communications
technologies
.........................
436
290
28
14
25
1
78
231
165
8
10
12
1
35
205
125
20
4
13
0
43
Computer
and
information
sciences
................
14,264
4,472
567
253
2,086
27
6,859
9,512
3,340
317
179
1,207
18
4,451
4,752
1,132
250
74
879
9
2,408
Construction
trades
..........................................
12
5
1
0
0
0
6
7
3
1
0
0
0
3
5
2
0
0
0
0
3
Education
.........................................................
124,240
99,300
12,100
6,303
2,538
740
3,259
29,321
23,529
2,729
1,487
535
180
861
94,919
75,771
9,371
4,816
2,003
560
2,398
Engineering
......................................................
25,596
11,427
683
751
2,471
67
10,197
20,290
9,315
468
579
1,785
50
8,093
5,306
2,112
215
172
686
17
2,104
Engineering­
related
technologies
.....................
914
610
97
30
32
2
143
671
463
60
26
19
1
102
243
147
37
4
13
1
41
English
language
and
literature/
letters
............
7,230
5,919
331
265
231
46
438
2,393
2,006
74
100
76
10
127
4,837
3,913
257
165
155
36
311
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...................
2,780
1,645
39
308
118
6
664
845
536
14
89
35
1
170
1,935
1,109
25
219
83
5
494
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.........
42,456
33,419
2,684
1,415
2,724
242
1,972
9,624
7,100
514
386
836
68
720
32,832
26,319
2,170
1,029
1,888
174
1,252
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.....................................................
2,830
2,112
252
118
105
13
230
457
332
40
24
20
5
36
2,373
1,780
212
94
85
8
194
Law
and
legal
studies
......................................
3,750
1,375
156
132
136
6
1,945
2,192
814
58
66
78
2
1,174
1,558
561
98
66
58
4
771
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
............................................
3,256
2,671
214
108
67
21
175
1,143
940
62
43
20
8
70
2,113
1,731
152
65
47
13
105
Library
science
.................................................
4,577
3,948
234
121
100
17
157
947
807
36
32
22
4
46
3,630
3,141
198
89
78
13
111
Mathematics
.....................................................
3,412
1,794
107
91
212
10
1,198
1,881
992
50
52
99
6
682
1,531
802
57
39
113
4
516
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...........................
3,064
2,286
230
133
120
23
272
1,173
865
65
50
51
9
133
1,891
1,421
165
83
69
14
139
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
..
2,478
2,055
182
61
47
11
122
1,238
1,032
83
37
20
6
60
1,240
1,023
99
24
27
5
62
Philosophy
and
religion
....................................
1,329
1,028
51
55
57
4
134
827
628
32
35
36
3
93
502
400
19
20
21
1
41
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
...
4,841
2,939
130
93
272
19
1,388
3,126
1,892
69
59
160
14
932
1,715
1,047
61
34
112
5
456
Precision
production
trades
.............................
5
4
0
0
0
0
1
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
1
Protective
services
...........................................
2,609
2,037
328
117
31
23
73
1,534
1,244
150
73
8
17
42
1,075
793
178
44
23
6
31
Psychology
.......................................................
14,465
11,088
1,489
774
518
79
517
3,552
2,721
342
220
118
16
135
10,913
8,367
1,147
554
400
63
382
Public
administration
and
services
..................
25,594
17,613
4,075
1,647
834
204
1,221
6,808
4,520
987
431
211
50
609
18,786
13,093
3,088
1,216
623
154
612
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
..................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
.............................
14,066
8,784
1,021
584
596
88
2,993
7,024
4,436
422
287
247
39
1,593
7,042
4,348
599
297
349
49
1,400
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
....
5,576
4,072
394
156
257
13
684
3,352
2,425
205
94
160
8
460
2,224
1,647
189
62
97
5
224
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
..
697
602
26
26
13
8
22
629
546
22
23
9
7
22
68
56
4
3
4
1
0
Visual
and
performing
arts
...............................
10,918
7,340
441
418
580
45
2,094
4,672
3,278
201
208
195
17
773
6,246
4,062
240
210
385
28
1,321
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.........................
1,802
1,442
112
36
64
2
146
681
518
43
14
25
0
81
1,121
924
69
22
39
2
65
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/

marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
332
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
273.
 
Master's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.............................................
439,986
311,299
32,344
17,708
21,803
2,004
54,828
186,148
125,310
9,965
6,956
10,328
765
32,824
253,838
185,989
22,379
10,752
11,475
1,239
22,004
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
....................
4,417
3,284
156
114
98
16
749
2,381
1,763
77
62
39
10
430
2,036
1,521
79
52
59
6
319
Architecture
and
related
programs
..................
4,172
2,638
152
192
261
12
917
2,394
1,537
72
111
143
6
525
1,778
1,101
80
81
118
6
392
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
....................
1,500
945
138
86
92
21
218
600
385
54
39
28
8
86
900
560
84
47
64
13
132
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
......................
6,192
4,326
265
203
530
20
848
2,839
2,065
86
93
234
8
353
3,353
2,261
179
110
296
12
495
Business
...........................................................
108,085
72,039
7,487
3,882
7,283
437
16,957
65,113
44,717
3,168
2,259
4,133
252
10,584
42,972
27,322
4,319
1,623
3,150
185
6,373
Communications
...............................................
5,293
3,392
472
168
219
21
1,021
1,847
1,249
120
64
58
7
349
3,446
2,143
352
104
161
14
672
Communications
technologies
.........................
325
234
18
5
20
1
47
185
143
7
3
9
1
22
140
91
11
2
11
0
25
Computer
and
information
sciences
................
12,250
4,247
440
234
1,728
20
5,581
8,458
3,203
270
158
1,025
14
3,788
3,792
1,044
170
76
703
6
1,793
Construction
trades
..........................................
7
3
0
0
2
0
2
4
1
0
0
2
0
1
3
2
0
0
0
0
1
Education
.........................................................
119,427
96,428
11,029
5,781
2,452
603
3,134
28,263
22,680
2,510
1,456
554
154
909
91,164
73,748
8,519
4,325
1,898
449
2,225
Engineering
......................................................
25,544
11,918
748
723
2,471
50
9,634
20,505
9,808
485
549
1,852
40
7,771
5,039
2,110
263
174
619
10
1,863
Engineering­
related
technologies
.....................
1,007
669
96
29
44
5
164
759
521
59
18
32
2
127
248
148
37
11
12
3
37
English
language
and
literature/
letters
............
7,478
6,191
338
242
224
46
437
2,504
2,143
97
79
59
17
109
4,974
4,048
241
163
165
29
328
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...................
2,860
1,621
64
376
124
6
669
887
547
24
104
27
2
183
1,973
1,074
40
272
97
4
486
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.........
40,589
32,331
2,601
1,285
2,446
191
1,735
9,434
7,096
481
316
781
56
704
31,155
25,235
2,120
969
1,665
135
1,031
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.....................................................
2,880
2,194
229
126
102
14
215
442
334
22
24
12
0
50
2,438
1,860
207
102
90
14
165
Law
and
legal
studies
......................................
3,308
1,402
112
71
100
15
1,608
1,967
850
48
37
58
9
965
1,341
552
64
34
42
6
643
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
.............................................
3,101
2,490
201
124
76
9
201
1,186
956
55
44
38
2
91
1,915
1,534
146
80
38
7
110
Library
science
.................................................
4,752
4,112
215
135
127
22
141
991
872
30
31
13
5
40
3,761
3,240
185
104
114
17
101
Mathematics
.....................................................
3,466
1,920
150
99
220
11
1,066
2,027
1,109
72
64
108
8
666
1,439
811
78
35
112
3
400
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...........................
2,663
2,046
159
110
83
16
249
1,049
786
51
52
28
7
125
1,614
1,260
108
58
55
9
124
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
..
2,076
1,733
137
44
30
6
126
1,027
846
68
24
18
3
68
1,049
887
69
20
12
3
58
Philosophy
and
religion
....................................
1,295
1,004
51
57
48
6
129
815
630
29
36
25
4
91
480
374
22
21
23
2
38
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
...
5,159
3,127
156
134
293
18
1,431
3,384
2,065
86
86
155
10
982
1,775
1,062
70
48
138
8
449
Precision
production
trades
.............................
7
6
0
0
1
0
0
7
6
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Protective
services
...........................................
2,249
1,722
299
116
45
14
53
1,312
1,064
108
73
19
8
40
937
658
191
43
26
6
13
Psychology
.......................................................
14,247
11,092
1,279
798
516
89
473
3,693
2,946
279
201
107
18
142
10,554
8,146
1,000
597
409
71
331
Public
administration
and
services
..................
24,925
17,548
3,661
1,463
788
182
1,283
6,556
4,418
876
388
202
49
623
18,369
13,130
2,785
1,075
586
133
660
R.
O.
T.
C.
and
military
technologies
..................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Social
sciences
and
history
.............................
14,431
9,159
992
597
541
80
3,062
7,456
4,677
377
314
239
34
1,815
6,975
4,482
615
283
302
46
1,247
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
....
4,727
3,477
267
110
205
13
655
2,853
2,073
136
71
115
5
453
1,874
1,404
131
39
90
8
202
Transportation
and
material
moving
workers
..
713
618
23
25
24
6
17
631
550
20
23
18
6
14
82
68
3
2
6
0
3
Visual
and
performing
arts
...............................
10,753
7,312
404
377
606
54
2,000
4,543
3,242
196
176
194
20
715
6,210
4,070
208
201
412
34
1,285
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.........................
88
71
5
2
4
0
6
36
28
2
1
2
0
3
52
43
3
1
2
0
3
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''
survey:
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services,
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
333
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
274.
 
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Number
of
degrees
conferred
1
Percentage
distribution
of
degrees
conferred
to
U.
S.
citizens
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
Total
1976
 
77
2
........
33,126
26,851
1,253
522
658
95
3,747
100.0
91.4
4.3
1.8
2.2
0.3
1978
 
79
3
........
32,675
26,138
1,268
439
811
104
3,915
100.0
90.9
4.4
1.5
2.8
0.4
1980
 
81
4
........
32,839
25,908
1,265
456
877
130
4,203
100.0
90.5
4.4
1.6
3.1
0.5
1984
 
85
5
........
32,307
23,934
1,154
677
1,106
119
5,317
100.0
88.7
4.3
2.5
4.1
0.4
1986
 
87
..........
34,041
24,434
1,057
751
1,098
105
6,596
100.0
89.0
3.9
2.7
4.0
0.4
1988
 
89
6
........
35,659
24,884
1,066
629
1,323
85
7,672
100.0
88.9
3.8
2.2
4.7
0.3
1989
 
90
7
........
38,113
25,880
1,153
788
1,235
99
8,958
100.0
88.8
4.0
2.7
4.2
0.3
1990
 
91
8
........
38,547
25,328
1,211
732
1,459
102
9,715
100.0
87.8
4.2
2.5
5.1
0.4
1991
 
92
9
........
40,090
25,813
1,223
811
1,559
118
10,566
100.0
87.4
4.1
2.7
5.3
0.4
1992
 
93
10
.......
42,021
26,700
1,352
827
1,582
106
11,454
100.0
87.3
4.4
2.7
5.2
0.3
1993
 
94
11
.......
43,149
27,156
1,393
903
2,025
134
11,538
100.0
85.9
4.4
2.9
6.4
0.4
1994
 
95
12
.......
44,427
27,826
1,667
984
2,690
130
11,130
100.0
83.6
5.0
3.0
8.1
0.4
1995
 
96
13
.......
44,645
27,756
1,636
999
2,646
158
11,450
100.0
83.6
4.9
3.0
8.0
0.5
1996
 
97
14
.......
45,394
28,344
1,847
1,098
2,607
173
11,325
100.0
83.2
5.4
3.2
7.7
0.5
1997
 
98
15
.......
45,925
28,747
2,066
1,270
2,334
187
11,321
100.0
83.1
6.0
3.7
6.7
0.5
1998
 
99
..........
44,077
27,492
2,116
1,284
2,262
192
10,731
100.0
82.4
6.3
3.9
6.8
0.6
1999
 
2000
......
44,808
27,520
2,220
1,291
2,380
159
11,238
100.0
82.0
6.6
3.8
7.1
0.5
Men
Men
1976
 
77
2
........
25,036
20,032
766
383
540
67
3,248
100.0
91.9
3.5
1.8
2.5
0.3
1978
 
79
3
........
23,488
18,433
734
294
646
69
3,312
100.0
91.4
3.6
1.5
3.2
0.3
1980
 
81
4
........
22,595
17,310
694
277
655
95
3,564
100.0
91.0
3.6
1.5
3.4
0.5
1984
 
85
5
........
21,296
15,017
561
431
802
64
4,421
100.0
89.0
3.3
2.6
4.8
0.4
1986
 
87
..........
22,061
14,812
485
441
794
57
5,472
100.0
89.3
2.9
2.7
4.8
0.3
1988
 
89
6
........
22,597
14,541
491
350
945
50
6,220
100.0
88.8
3.0
2.1
5.8
0.3
1989
 
90
7
........
24,248
15,105
533
423
871
49
7,267
100.0
89.0
3.1
2.5
5.1
0.3
1990
 
91
8
........
24,333
14,565
581
387
987
58
7,755
100.0
87.9
3.5
2.3
6.0
0.3
1991
 
92
9
........
25,168
14,674
576
458
1,062
65
8,333
100.0
87.2
3.4
2.7
6.3
0.4
1992
 
93
10
.......
25,980
14,902
615
439
1,041
51
8,932
100.0
87.4
3.6
2.6
6.1
0.3
1993
 
94
11
.......
26,531
15,126
631
465
1,373
66
8,870
100.0
85.6
3.6
2.6
7.8
0.4
1994
 
95
12
.......
26,898
15,354
731
488
1,758
58
8,509
100.0
83.5
4.0
2.7
9.6
0.3
1995
 
96
13
.......
26,836
15,101
730
516
1,693
80
8,716
100.0
83.3
4.0
2.8
9.3
0.4
1996
 
97
14
.......
26,826
15,339
786
572
1,606
86
8,437
100.0
83.4
4.3
3.1
8.7
0.5
1997
 
98
15
.......
26,614
15,368
824
649
1,390
83
8,300
100.0
83.9
4.5
3.5
7.6
0.5
1998
 
99
..........
25,146
14,480
862
612
1,312
91
7,789
100.0
83.4
5.0
3.5
7.6
0.5
1999
 
2000
......
25,028
14,241
863
603
1,329
56
7,936
100.0
83.3
5.0
3.5
7.8
0.3
Women
Women
1976
 
77
2
........
8,090
6,819
487
139
118
28
499
100.0
89.8
6.4
1.8
1.6
0.4
1978
 
79
3
........
9,187
7,705
534
145
165
35
603
100.0
89.8
6.2
1.7
1.9
0.4
1980
 
81
4
........
10,244
8,598
571
179
222
35
639
100.0
89.5
5.9
1.9
2.3
0.4
1984
 
85
5
........
11,011
8,917
593
246
304
55
896
100.0
88.2
5.9
2.4
3.0
0.5
1986
 
87
..........
11,980
9,622
572
310
304
48
1,124
100.0
88.6
5.3
2.9
2.8
0.4
1988
 
89
6
........
13,062
10,343
575
279
378
35
1,452
100.0
89.1
5.0
2.4
3.3
0.3
1989
 
90
7
........
13,865
10,775
620
365
364
50
1,691
100.0
88.5
5.1
3.0
3.0
0.4
1990
 
91
8
........
14,214
10,763
630
345
472
44
1,960
100.0
87.8
5.1
2.8
3.9
0.4
1991
 
92
9
........
14,922
11,139
647
353
497
53
2,233
100.0
87.8
5.1
2.8
3.9
0.4
1992
 
93
10
.......
16,041
11,798
737
388
541
55
2,522
100.0
87.3
5.5
2.9
4.0
0.4
1993
 
94
11
.......
16,618
12,030
762
438
652
68
2,668
100.0
86.2
5.5
3.1
4.7
0.5
1994
 
95
12
.......
17,529
12,472
936
496
932
72
2,621
100.0
83.7
6.3
3.3
6.3
0.5
1995
 
96
13
.......
17,809
12,655
906
483
953
78
2,734
100.0
83.9
6.0
3.2
6.3
0.5
1996
 
97
14
.......
18,568
13,005
1,061
526
1,001
87
2,888
100.0
82.9
6.8
3.4
6.4
0.6
1997
 
98
15
.......
19,311
13,379
1,242
621
944
104
3,021
100.0
82.1
7.6
3.8
5.8
0.6
1998
 
99
..........
18,931
13,012
1,254
672
950
101
2,942
100.0
81.4
7.8
4.2
5.9
0.6
1999
 
2000
......
19,780
13,279
1,357
688
1,051
103
3,302
100.0
80.6
8.2
4.2
6.4
0.6
1
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
firstprofessional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
2
Excludes
106
men
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
3
Excludes
53
men
and
2
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
4
Excludes
116
men
and
3
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
5
Excludes
404
men
and
232
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
6
Excludes
51
men
and
10
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
7
Excludes
153
men
and
105
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
8
Excludes
423
men
and
324
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
9
Excludes
389
men
and
180
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
10
Excludes
93
men
and
18
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
11
Excludes
21
men
and
15
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
12
Excludes
18
men
and
1
woman
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
13
Excludes
5
men
and
2
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
14
Excludes
320
men
and
162
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
15
Excludes
50
men
and
35
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.

NOTE:
For
years
1984
 
85
to
1999
 
2000,
reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
334
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
275.
 
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1999
 
2000
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.............................................
44,808
27,520
2,220
1,291
2,380
159
11,238
25,028
14,241
863
603
1,329
56
7,936
19,780
13,279
1,357
688
1,051
103
3,302
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
....................
1,181
559
25
16
33
2
546
811
372
14
9
19
1
396
370
187
11
7
14
1
150
Architecture
and
related
programs
..................
129
68
5
5
1
0
50
85
47
4
4
1
0
29
44
21
1
1
0
0
21
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
....................
217
140
21
8
9
2
37
106
59
13
3
3
0
28
111
81
8
5
6
2
9
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
......................
4,867
2,880
107
143
434
8
1,295
2,722
1,585
41
77
229
5
785
2,145
1,295
66
66
205
3
510
Business
...........................................................
1,196
665
56
18
64
5
388
814
434
29
7
31
4
309
382
231
27
11
33
1
79
Communications
...............................................
347
238
20
10
3
1
75
163
110
9
3
0
0
41
184
128
11
7
3
1
34
Communications
technologies
.........................
10
5
2
0
0
0
3
5
2
0
0
0
0
3
5
3
2
0
0
0
0
Computer
and
information
sciences
................
777
302
15
13
58
0
389
646
246
10
11
51
0
328
131
56
5
2
7
0
61
Education
.........................................................
6,830
4,915
803
262
176
44
630
2,419
1,756
220
83
60
11
289
4,411
3,159
583
179
116
33
341
Engineering
......................................................
5,384
2,001
94
89
391
5
2,804
4,549
1,650
64
72
307
3
2,453
835
351
30
17
84
2
351
Engineering­
related
technologies
.....................
6
2
0
0
0
0
4
6
2
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
English
language
and
literature/
letters
............
1,628
1,284
71
49
59
6
159
671
553
17
21
21
2
57
957
731
54
28
38
4
102
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...................
915
513
8
78
43
1
272
375
221
3
27
14
0
110
540
292
5
51
29
1
162
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.........
2,676
1,717
112
59
242
8
538
1,038
602
28
16
119
1
272
1,638
1,115
84
43
123
7
266
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.....................................................
357
238
21
8
13
1
76
83
62
2
2
2
1
14
274
176
19
6
11
0
62
Law
and
legal
studies
......................................
74
11
1
0
2
0
60
49
5
1
0
1
0
42
25
6
0
0
1
0
18
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
.............................................
83
69
6
2
2
1
3
41
33
3
1
1
1
2
42
36
3
1
1
0
1
Library
science
.................................................
68
36
5
1
2
1
23
19
8
2
0
1
0
8
49
28
3
1
1
1
15
Mathematics
.....................................................
1,106
482
16
12
72
2
522
830
349
10
6
55
0
410
276
133
6
6
17
2
112
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...........................
384
279
20
7
19
3
56
203
136
10
4
12
1
40
181
143
10
3
7
2
16
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
..
134
104
3
2
3
1
21
75
56
1
2
3
0
13
59
48
2
0
0
1
8
Philosophy
and
religion
....................................
586
448
20
16
16
1
85
381
292
13
11
8
1
56
205
156
7
5
8
0
29
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
...
4,018
2,115
71
72
210
15
1,535
2,994
1,575
44
48
138
12
1,177
1,024
540
27
24
72
3
358
Protective
services
...........................................
52
40
5
2
0
0
5
28
24
1
1
0
0
2
24
16
4
1
0
0
3
Psychology
.......................................................
4,310
3,466
229
225
189
31
170
1,405
1,154
58
63
47
5
78
2,905
2,312
171
162
142
26
92
Public
administration
and
services
..................
537
376
58
16
24
2
61
227
146
22
8
11
1
39
310
230
36
8
13
1
22
Social
sciences
and
history
.............................
4,095
2,645
203
130
165
17
935
2,407
1,479
102
88
97
6
635
1,688
1,166
101
42
68
11
300
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
....
1,643
1,070
186
26
99
1
261
1,307
859
120
24
88
1
215
336
211
66
2
11
0
46
Visual
and
performing
arts
...............................
1,127
790
31
22
50
1
233
537
398
19
12
9
0
99
590
392
12
10
41
1
134
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.........................
71
62
6
0
1
0
2
32
26
3
0
1
0
2
39
36
3
0
0
0
0
NOTE:
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
first­
professional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,

and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''

survey
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
335
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
276.
 
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields,
total
.............................................
44,077
27,492
2,116
1,284
2,262
192
10,731
25,146
14,480
862
612
1,312
91
7,789
18,931
13,012
1,254
672
950
101
2,942
Agriculture
and
natural
resources
....................
1,248
552
29
17
51
3
596
869
361
15
10
30
2
451
379
191
14
7
21
1
145
Architecture
and
related
programs
..................
123
62
2
4
3
0
52
80
37
2
3
2
0
36
43
25
0
1
1
0
16
Area,
ethnic,
and
cultural
studies
....................
197
110
33
4
11
3
36
90
50
15
1
7
1
16
107
60
18
3
4
2
20
Biological
sciences/
life
sciences
......................
4,619
2,721
105
134
364
10
1,285
2,669
1,535
48
80
205
4
797
1,950
1,186
57
54
159
6
488
Business
...........................................................
1,202
705
62
23
63
2
347
844
465
30
15
43
1
290
358
240
32
8
20
1
57
Communications
...............................................
347
231
29
9
11
4
63
181
114
18
4
3
2
40
166
117
11
5
8
2
23
Communications
technologies
.........................
5
4
1
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
Computer
and
information
sciences
................
800
367
16
8
61
1
347
649
286
9
7
46
1
300
151
81
7
1
15
0
47
Education
.........................................................
6,841
5,007
733
278
188
52
583
2,423
1,757
201
103
72
23
267
4,418
3,250
532
175
116
29
316
Engineering
......................................................
5,422
2,258
96
82
403
14
2,569
4,644
1,884
74
63
339
11
2,273
778
374
22
19
64
3
296
Engineering­
related
technologies
.....................
5
1
0
0
0
0
4
5
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
English
language
and
literature/
letters
............
1,540
1,226
73
50
46
9
136
612
482
20
20
15
4
71
928
744
53
30
31
5
65
Foreign
languages
and
literatures
...................
904
522
20
76
35
3
248
381
216
4
36
13
2
110
523
306
16
40
22
1
138
Health
professions
and
related
sciences
.........
2,535
1,606
79
74
207
9
560
1,037
587
21
28
96
1
304
1,498
1,019
58
46
111
8
256
Home
economics
and
vocational
home
economics
.....................................................
361
257
22
7
7
1
67
97
68
4
1
1
0
23
264
189
18
6
6
1
44
Law
and
legal
studies
......................................
58
13
2
0
3
0
40
34
6
0
0
2
0
26
24
7
2
0
1
0
14
Liberal
arts
and
sciences,
general
studies,

and
humanities
.............................................
78
64
4
1
2
0
7
42
35
1
0
0
0
6
36
29
3
1
2
0
1
Library
science
.................................................
55
34
4
1
5
0
11
16
8
1
1
3
0
3
39
26
3
0
2
0
8
Mathematics
.....................................................
1,124
514
14
15
46
0
535
830
349
8
9
31
0
433
294
165
6
6
15
0
102
Multi/
interdisciplinary
studies
...........................
441
318
29
13
12
6
63
224
148
16
4
6
2
48
217
170
13
9
6
4
15
Parks,
recreation,
leisure
and
fitness
studies
..
137
82
9
5
12
1
28
93
53
3
4
11
0
22
44
29
6
1
1
1
6
Philosophy
and
religion
....................................
574
450
16
6
31
3
68
433
334
10
4
24
3
58
141
116
6
2
7
0
10
Physical
sciences
and
science
technologies
...
4,190
2,266
69
62
236
11
1,546
3,174
1,744
36
39
155
7
1,193
1,016
522
33
23
81
4
353
Protective
services
...........................................
48
38
5
1
1
0
3
29
21
4
0
1
0
3
19
17
1
1
0
0
0
Psychology
.......................................................
4,248
3,443
210
232
157
34
172
1,385
1,128
51
69
34
13
90
2,863
2,315
159
163
123
21
82
Public
administration
and
services
..................
532
346
65
21
25
1
74
239
130
32
12
13
0
52
293
216
33
9
12
1
22
Social
sciences
and
history
.............................
3,855
2,532
178
111
152
21
861
2,270
1,445
94
62
75
12
582
1,585
1,087
84
49
77
9
279
Theological
studies
and
religious
vocations
....
1,452
943
174
34
84
2
215
1,216
793
127
30
74
1
191
236
150
47
4
10
1
24
Visual
and
performing
arts
...............................
1,130
814
37
16
46
2
215
574
437
18
7
11
1
100
556
377
19
9
35
1
115
Not
classified
by
field
of
study
.........................
6
6
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
NOTE:
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
first­
professional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
law
degrees.
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,

and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
To
facilitate
trend
comparisons,
certain
aggregations
have
been
made
of
the
degree
fields
as
reported
in
the
IPEDS
``
Completions''

survey
``
Agriculture
and
natural
resources''
includes
Agricultural
business
and
production,
Agricultural
sciences,
and
Conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources;
and
``
Business''
includes
Business
management
and
administrative
services
Marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution,
and
Consumer
and
personal
services.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
336
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
277.
 
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group
and
sex
of
student:
1976
 
77
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Number
of
degrees
conferred
Percentage
distribution
of
degrees
conferred
to
U.
S.
citizens
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,
non­
Hispanic
Black,
non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
Total
1976
 
77
1
........
63,953
58,422
2,537
1,076
1,021
196
701
100.0
92.4
4.0
1.7
1.6
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
68,611
62,430
2,836
1,283
1,205
216
641
100.0
91.8
4.2
1.9
1.8
0.3
1980
 
81
3
........
71,340
64,551
2,931
1,541
1,456
192
669
100.0
91.3
4.1
2.2
2.1
0.3
1984
 
85
4
........
71,057
63,219
3,029
1,884
1,816
248
861
100.0
90.1
4.3
2.7
2.6
0.4
1986
 
87
..........
71,617
62,688
3,420
2,051
2,270
304
884
100.0
88.6
4.8
2.9
3.2
0.4
1988
 
89
..........
70,856
61,214
3,148
2,269
2,976
264
985
100.0
87.6
4.5
3.2
4.3
0.4
1989
 
90
5
........
70,744
60,240
3,410
2,427
3,362
257
1,048
100.0
86.4
4.9
3.5
4.8
0.4
1990
 
91
6
........
71,515
60,327
3,575
2,527
3,755
261
1,070
100.0
85.6
5.1
3.6
5.3
0.4
1991
 
92
7
........
72,129
59,800
3,560
2,766
4,455
296
1,252
100.0
84.4
5.0
3.9
6.3
0.4
1992
 
93
8
........
74,960
60,830
4,100
2,984
5,160
368
1,518
100.0
82.8
5.6
4.1
7.0
0.5
1993
 
94
..........
75,418
60,140
4,444
3,134
5,892
371
1,437
100.0
81.3
6.0
4.2
8.0
0.5
1994
 
95
..........
75,800
59,402
4,747
3,231
6,397
412
1,611
100.0
80.1
6.4
4.4
8.6
0.6
1995
 
96
9
........
76,641
59,456
5,016
3,476
6,617
463
1,613
100.0
79.2
6.7
4.6
8.8
0.6
1996
 
97
10
.......
77,815
59,852
5,251
3,553
7,037
511
1,611
100.0
78.5
6.9
4.7
9.2
0.7
1997
 
98
11
.......
78,353
59,273
5,483
3,547
7,712
561
1,777
100.0
77.4
7.2
4.6
10.1
0.7
1998
 
99
..........
78,439
58,688
5,332
3,863
8,147
612
1,797
100.0
76.6
7.0
5.0
10.6
0.8
1999
 
2000
......
80,057
59,601
5,552
3,865
8,576
564
1,899
100.0
76.3
7.1
4.9
11.0
0.7
Men
Men
1976
 
77
1
........
51,980
47,777
1,761
893
776
159
614
100.0
93.0
3.4
1.7
1.5
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
52,425
48,123
1,783
989
860
150
520
100.0
92.7
3.4
1.9
1.7
0.3
1980
 
81
3
........
52,194
47,629
1,772
1,131
991
134
537
100.0
92.2
3.4
2.2
1.9
0.3
1984
 
85
4
........
47,501
42,630
1,623
1,239
1,152
176
681
100.0
91.1
3.5
2.6
2.5
0.4
1986
 
87
..........
46,523
41,149
1,835
1,303
1,420
183
633
100.0
89.7
4.0
2.8
3.1
0.4
1988
 
89
..........
45,046
39,399
1,618
1,374
1,819
148
688
100.0
88.8
3.6
3.1
4.1
0.3
1989
 
90
5
........
43,778
37,850
1,672
1,450
1,963
135
708
100.0
87.9
3.9
3.4
4.6
0.3
1990
 
91
6
........
43,601
37,348
1,672
1,506
2,178
144
753
100.0
87.2
3.9
3.5
5.1
0.3
1991
 
92
7
........
43,812
36,939
1,603
1,635
2,593
157
885
100.0
86.1
3.7
3.8
6.0
0.4
1992
 
93
8
........
44,821
37,157
1,777
1,762
2,858
190
1,077
100.0
84.9
4.1
4.0
6.5
0.4
1993
 
94
..........
44,707
36,573
1,902
1,781
3,214
222
1,015
100.0
83.7
4.4
4.1
7.4
0.5
1994
 
95
..........
44,853
36,146
2,077
1,836
3,491
222
1,081
100.0
82.6
4.7
4.2
8.0
0.5
1995
 
96
9
........
44,679
35,732
2,107
1,947
3,533
256
1,104
100.0
82.0
4.8
4.5
8.1
0.6
1996
 
97
10
.......
45,067
35,749
2,178
1,951
3,798
289
1,102
100.0
81.3
5.0
4.4
8.6
0.7
1997
 
98
11
.......
44,769
35,069
2,303
1,971
3,993
291
1,142
100.0
80.4
5.3
4.5
9.2
0.7
1998
 
99
..........
44,339
34,250
2,197
2,063
4,332
333
1,164
100.0
79.3
5.1
4.8
10.0
0.8
1999
 
2000
......
44,239
33,982
2,312
2,095
4,368
285
1,197
100.0
79.0
5.4
4.9
10.1
0.7
Women
Women
1976
 
77
1
........
11,973
10,645
776
183
245
37
87
100.0
89.6
6.5
1.5
2.1
0.3
1978
 
79
2
........
16,186
14,307
1,053
294
345
66
121
100.0
89.1
6.6
1.8
2.1
0.4
1980
 
81
3
........
19,146
16,922
1,159
410
465
58
132
100.0
89.0
6.1
2.2
2.4
0.3
1984
 
85
4
........
23,556
20,589
1,406
645
664
72
180
100.0
88.1
6.0
2.8
2.8
0.3
1986
 
87
..........
25,094
21,539
1,585
748
850
121
251
100.0
86.7
6.4
3.0
3.4
0.5
1988
 
89
..........
25,810
21,815
1,530
895
1,157
116
297
100.0
85.5
6.0
3.5
4.5
0.5
1989
 
90
5
........
26,966
22,390
1,738
977
1,399
122
340
100.0
84.1
6.5
3.7
5.3
0.5
1990
 
91
6
........
27,914
22,979
1,903
1,021
1,577
117
317
100.0
83.3
6.9
3.7
5.7
0.4
1991
 
92
7
........
28,317
22,861
1,957
1,131
1,862
139
367
100.0
81.8
7.0
4.0
6.7
0.5
1992
 
93
8
........
30,139
23,673
2,323
1,222
2,302
178
441
100.0
79.7
7.8
4.1
7.8
0.6
1993
 
94
..........
30,711
23,567
2,542
1,353
2,678
149
422
100.0
77.8
8.4
4.5
8.8
0.5
1994
 
95
..........
30,947
23,256
2,670
1,395
2,906
190
530
100.0
76.5
8.8
4.6
9.6
0.6
1995
 
96
9
........
31,962
23,724
2,909
1,529
3,084
207
509
100.0
75.4
9.2
4.9
9.8
0.7
1996
 
97
10
.......
32,748
24,103
3,073
1,602
3,239
222
509
100.0
74.8
9.5
5.0
10.0
0.7
1997
 
98
11
.......
33,584
24,204
3,180
1,576
3,719
270
635
100.0
73.5
9.7
4.8
11.3
0.8
1998
 
99
..........
34,100
24,438
3,135
1,800
3,815
279
633
100.0
73.0
9.4
5.4
11.4
0.8
1999
 
2000
......
35,818
25,619
3,240
1,770
4,208
279
702
100.0
73.0
9.2
5.0
12.0
0.8
1
Excludes
394
men
and
12
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
2
Excludes
227
men
and
10
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
3
Excludes
598
men
and
18
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
4
Excludes
2,954
men
and
1,052
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
5
Excludes
183
men
and
61
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
6
Excludes
245
men
and
188
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
7
Excludes
1,259
men
and
758
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
8
Excludes
332
men
and
95
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
9
Excludes
69
men
and
24
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
10
Excludes
497
men
and
418
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
11
Excludes
142
men
and
103
women
whose
racial/
ethnic
group
was
not
available.
NOTE:
For
years
1984
 
85
to
1999
 
2000,
reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
337
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
278.
 
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:

1999
 
2000
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields
...................................................................................
80,057
59,601
5,552
3,865
8,576
564
1,899
44,239
33,982
2,312
2,095
4,368
285
1,197
35,818
25,619
3,240
1,770
4,208
279
702
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
........................................................
4,250
2,658
197
182
948
14
251
2,547
1,723
84
101
510
8
121
1,703
935
113
81
438
6
130
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
............................................................................
15,286
10,475
1,106
825
2,639
124
117
8,761
6,228
431
470
1,501
64
67
6,525
4,247
675
355
1,138
60
50
Optometry
(
O.
D.)
..........................................................................
1,293
865
30
45
269
9
75
604
440
9
19
91
3
42
689
425
21
26
178
6
33
Osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.)
........................................................
2,236
1,770
77
82
279
14
14
1,399
1,135
34
52
158
9
11
837
635
43
30
121
5
3
Pharmacy
(
Pharm.
D.)
..................................................................
5,669
3,725
465
195
1,139
30
115
1,943
1,306
150
83
348
16
40
3,726
2,419
315
112
791
14
75
Podiatry
(
Pod.
D.
or
D.
P.)
or
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.)
............
569
409
41
18
93
2
6
396
300
19
14
57
1
5
173
109
22
4
36
1
1
Veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.)
.......................................................
2,251
2,064
49
74
38
14
12
710
657
13
22
12
2
4
1,541
1,407
36
52
26
12
8
Chiropractic
medicine
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.)
.......................................
3,809
2,880
82
116
355
15
361
2,718
2,078
49
78
254
11
248
1,091
802
33
38
101
4
113
Naturopathic
medicine
.................................................................
202
171
2
7
11
1
10
61
49
1
4
4
0
3
141
122
1
3
7
1
7
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)
.......................................................................
38,152
29,920
2,771
2,183
2,467
324
487
20,638
16,794
1,091
1,144
1,163
162
284
17,514
13,126
1,680
1,039
1,304
162
203
Theology
(
M.
Div.,
M.
H.
L.,
B.
D.,
or
Ord.)
.....................................
6,129
4,493
721
131
320
17
447
4,337
3,165
427
105
261
9
370
1,792
1,328
294
26
59
8
77
Other
............................................................................................
211
171
11
7
18
0
4
125
107
4
3
9
0
2
86
64
7
4
9
0
2
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
279.
 
First­
professional
degrees
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
racial/
ethnic
group,
major
field
of
study,
and
sex
of
student:
1998
 
99
Major
field
of
study
Total
Men
Women
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
Total
White,

non­
Hispanic
Black,

non­
Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
American
Indian/

Alaskan
Native
Nonresident
alien
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
All
fields
...................................................................................
78,439
58,688
5,332
3,863
8,147
612
1,797
44,339
34,250
2,197
2,063
4,332
333
1,164
34,100
24,438
3,135
1,800
3,815
279
633
Dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.)
........................................................
4,144
2,575
177
159
940
28
265
2,674
1,789
83
91
521
25
165
1,470
786
94
68
419
3
100
Medicine
(
M.
D.)
............................................................................
15,562
10,536
1,181
836
2,733
125
151
8,954
6,252
466
488
1,594
68
86
6,608
4,284
715
348
1,139
57
65
Optometry
(
O.
D.)
..........................................................................
1,285
864
17
43
286
5
70
637
470
5
18
95
4
45
648
394
12
25
191
1
25
Osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.)
........................................................
2,135
1,668
106
77
258
17
9
1,338
1,061
52
47
160
12
6
797
607
54
30
98
5
3
Pharmacy
(
Pharm.
D.)
..................................................................
3,992
2,674
334
112
758
23
91
1,319
911
91
38
232
10
37
2,673
1,763
243
74
526
13
54
Podiatry
(
Pod.
D.
or
D.
P.)
or
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.)
............
578
429
35
17
83
3
11
417
323
14
9
60
3
8
161
106
21
8
23
0
3
Veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.)
.......................................................
2,226
2,016
62
58
54
17
19
725
656
20
28
13
2
6
1,501
1,360
42
30
41
15
13
Chiropractic
medicine
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.)
.......................................
3,639
2,757
107
118
288
22
347
2,594
1,962
66
89
220
17
240
1,045
795
41
29
68
5
107
Naturopathic
medicine
.................................................................
111
89
1
3
3
3
12
42
34
0
0
1
3
4
69
55
1
3
2
0
8
Law
(
LL.
B.
or
J.
D.)
.......................................................................
39,167
30,746
2,803
2,323
2,461
350
484
21,628
17,690
1,113
1,158
1,206
178
283
17,539
13,056
1,690
1,165
1,255
172
201
Theology
(
M.
Div.,
M.
H.
L.,
B.
D.,
or
Ord.)
.....................................
5,558
4,300
507
115
280
19
337
3,986
3,082
286
96
228
11
283
1,572
1,218
221
19
52
8
54
Other
............................................................................................
42
34
2
2
3
0
1
25
20
1
1
2
0
1
17
14
1
1
1
0
0
NOTE:
Reported
racial/
ethnic
distributions
of
students
by
level
of
degree,
field
of
degree,
and
sex
were
used
to
estimate
race/
ethnicity
for
students
whose
race/
ethnicity
was
not
reported.
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
338
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
280.
 
Earned
degrees
in
agriculture
and
natural
resources
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
..........................
12,672
12,136
536
2,457
2,313
144
1,086
1,055
31
1971
 
72
..........................
13,516
12,779
737
2,680
2,490
190
971
945
26
1972
 
73
..........................
14,756
13,661
1,095
2,807
2,588
219
1,059
1,031
28
1973
 
74
..........................
16,253
14,684
1,569
2,928
2,640
288
930
897
33
1974
 
75
..........................
17,528
15,061
2,467
3,067
2,703
364
991
958
33
1975
 
76
..........................
19,402
15,845
3,557
3,340
2,862
478
928
867
61
1976
 
77
..........................
21,467
16,690
4,777
3,724
3,177
547
893
831
62
1977
 
78
..........................
22,650
17,069
5,581
4,023
3,268
755
971
909
62
1978
 
79
..........................
23,134
16,854
6,280
3,994
3,187
807
950
877
73
1979
 
80
..........................
22,802
16,045
6,757
3,976
3,082
894
991
879
112
1980
 
81
..........................
21,886
15,154
6,732
4,003
3,061
942
1,067
940
127
1981
 
82
..........................
21,029
14,443
6,586
4,163
3,114
1,049
1,079
925
154
1982
 
83
..........................
20,909
14,085
6,824
4,254
3,129
1,125
1,149
1,004
145
1983
 
84
..........................
19,317
13,206
6,111
4,178
2,989
1,189
1,172
1,001
171
1984
 
85
..........................
18,107
12,477
5,630
3,928
2,846
1,082
1,213
1,036
177
1985
 
86
..........................
16,823
11,544
5,279
3,801
2,701
1,100
1,158
966
192
1986
 
87
..........................
14,991
10,314
4,677
3,522
2,460
1,062
1,049
871
178
1987
 
88
..........................
14,222
9,744
4,478
3,479
2,427
1,052
1,142
926
216
1988
 
89
..........................
13,492
9,298
4,194
3,245
2,231
1,014
1,183
950
233
1989
 
90
..........................
12,900
8,822
4,078
3,382
2,239
1,143
1,295
1,038
257
1990
 
91
..........................
13,124
8,832
4,292
3,295
2,160
1,135
1,185
953
232
1991
 
92
..........................
15,124
9,869
5,255
3,735
2,413
1,322
1,214
963
251
1992
 
93
..........................
16,778
11,080
5,698
3,965
2,477
1,488
1,173
879
294
1993
 
94
..........................
18,070
11,748
6,322
4,119
2,515
1,604
1,278
982
296
1994
 
95
..........................
19,841
12,692
7,149
4,252
2,551
1,701
1,264
962
302
1995
 
96
..........................
21,431
13,535
7,896
4,569
2,650
1,919
1,271
935
336
1996
 
97
..........................
22,602
13,794
8,808
4,516
2,608
1,908
1,217
884
333
1997
 
98
..........................
23,284
13,809
9,475
4,475
2,552
1,923
1,302
931
371
1998
 
99
..........................
23,930
13,873
10,057
4,417
2,381
2,036
1,248
869
379
1999
 
2000
......................
24,247
13,850
10,397
4,375
2,362
2,013
1,181
811
370
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
agricultural
business
and
production;
agricultural
sciences;
and
conservation
and
renewable
natural
resources.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
281.
 
Earned
degrees
in
architecture
and
related
programs
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
..........................
2,563
2,441
122
166
159
7
1
1
0
1959
 
60
..........................
1,801
1,744
57
319
305
14
17
17
0
1967
 
68
..........................
3,057
2,931
126
1,021
953
68
15
15
0
1969
 
70
..........................
4,105
3,888
217
1,427
1,260
167
35
33
2
1970
 
71
..........................
5,570
4,906
664
1,705
1,469
236
36
33
3
1971
 
72
..........................
6,440
5,667
773
1,899
1,626
273
50
43
7
1972
 
73
..........................
6,962
6,042
920
2,307
1,943
364
58
54
4
1973
 
74
..........................
7,822
6,665
1,157
2,702
2,208
494
69
65
4
1974
 
75
..........................
8,226
6,791
1,435
2,938
2,343
595
69
58
11
1975
 
76
..........................
9,146
7,396
1,750
3,215
2,545
670
82
69
13
1976
 
77
..........................
9,222
7,249
1,973
3,213
2,489
724
73
62
11
1977
 
78
..........................
9,250
7,054
2,196
3,115
2,304
811
73
57
16
1978
 
79
..........................
9,273
6,876
2,397
3,113
2,226
887
96
74
22
1979
 
80
..........................
9,132
6,596
2,536
3,139
2,245
894
79
66
13
1980
 
81
..........................
9,455
6,800
2,655
3,153
2,234
919
93
73
20
1981
 
82
..........................
9,728
6,825
2,903
3,327
2,242
1,085
80
58
22
1982
 
83
..........................
9,823
6,403
3,420
3,357
2,224
1,133
97
74
23
1983
 
84
..........................
9,186
5,895
3,291
3,223
2,197
1,026
84
62
22
1984
 
85
..........................
9,325
6,019
3,306
3,275
2,148
1,127
89
66
23
1985
 
86
..........................
9,119
5,824
3,295
3,260
2,129
1,131
73
56
17
1986
 
87
..........................
8,950
5,617
3,333
3,163
2,086
1,077
92
66
26
1987
 
88
..........................
8,603
5,271
3,332
3,159
2,042
1,117
98
66
32
1988
 
89
..........................
9,150
5,545
3,605
3,383
2,192
1,191
86
63
23
1989
 
90
..........................
9,364
5,703
3,661
3,499
2,228
1,271
103
73
30
1990
 
91
..........................
9,781
5,788
3,993
3,490
2,244
1,246
135
101
34
1991
 
92
..........................
8,753
5,805
2,948
3,640
2,271
1,369
132
93
39
1992
 
93
..........................
9,167
5,940
3,227
3,808
2,376
1,432
148
105
43
1993
 
94
..........................
8,975
5,764
3,211
3,943
2,428
1,515
161
111
50
1994
 
95
..........................
8,756
5,741
3,015
3,923
2,310
1,613
141
95
46
1995
 
96
..........................
8,352
5,340
3,012
3,993
2,361
1,632
141
96
45
1996
 
97
..........................
7,944
5,090
2,854
4,034
2,336
1,698
135
93
42
1997
 
98
..........................
7,652
4,966
2,686
4,347
2,537
1,810
131
80
51
1998
 
99
..........................
8,246
5,157
3,089
4,172
2,394
1,778
123
80
43
1999
 
2000
......................
8,462
5,193
3,269
4,268
2,508
1,760
129
85
44
NOTE:
Prior
to
1969
 
70,
includes
degrees
in
architecture.
Beginning
in
1969
 
70,
includes
degrees
in
architecture;
city/
urban,
community,
and
regional
planning;
architectural
environmental
design;
interior
architecture;
landscape
architecture;
architectural
urban
design
and
planning;
and
architecture
and
related
programs,
other.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
339
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
282.
 
Earned
degrees
in
the
biological/
life
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1951
 
52
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1951
 
52
...............
11,094
8,212
2,882
2,307
1,908
399
764
680
84
1953
 
54
...............
9,279
6,710
2,569
1,610
1,287
323
1,077
977
100
1955
 
56
...............
12,423
9,515
2,908
1,759
1,379
380
1,025
908
117
1959
 
60
...............
15,576
11,654
3,922
2,154
1,668
486
1,205
1,086
119
1965
 
66
...............
26,916
19,368
7,548
4,232
3,085
1,147
2,097
1,792
305
1967
 
68
...............
31,826
22,986
8,840
5,506
3,959
1,547
2,784
2,345
439
1969
 
70
...............
34,034
23,919
10,115
5,800
3,975
1,825
3,289
2,820
469
1970
 
71
...............
35,743
25,333
10,410
5,728
3,805
1,923
3,645
3,050
595
1971
 
72
...............
37,293
26,323
10,970
6,101
4,087
2,014
3,653
3,031
622
1972
 
73
...............
42,233
29,636
12,597
6,263
4,354
1,909
3,636
2,926
710
1973
 
74
...............
48,340
33,245
15,095
6,552
4,555
1,997
3,439
2,740
699
1974
 
75
...............
51,741
34,612
17,129
6,550
4,587
1,963
3,384
2,641
743
1975
 
76
...............
54,275
35,520
18,755
6,582
4,497
2,085
3,392
2,663
729
1976
 
77
...............
53,605
34,218
19,387
7,114
4,718
2,396
3,397
2,671
726
1977
 
78
...............
51,502
31,705
19,797
6,806
4,400
2,406
3,309
2,511
798
1978
 
79
...............
48,846
29,191
19,655
6,831
4,265
2,566
3,542
2,636
906
1979
 
80
...............
46,370
26,828
19,542
6,510
4,098
2,412
3,636
2,690
946
1980
 
81
...............
43,216
24,149
19,067
5,978
3,654
2,324
3,718
2,666
1,052
1981
 
82
...............
41,639
22,754
18,885
5,874
3,426
2,448
3,743
2,654
1,089
1982
 
83
...............
39,982
21,564
18,418
5,696
3,214
2,482
3,341
2,266
1,075
1983
 
84
...............
38,640
20,558
18,082
5,406
2,996
2,410
3,437
2,381
1,056
1984
 
85
...............
38,445
20,064
18,381
5,059
2,647
2,412
3,432
2,307
1,125
1985
 
86
...............
38,524
19,993
18,531
5,013
2,616
2,397
3,358
2,229
1,129
1986
 
87
...............
38,121
19,657
18,464
4,952
2,538
2,414
3,419
2,225
1,194
1987
 
88
...............
36,755
18,245
18,510
4,784
2,423
2,361
3,629
2,349
1,280
1988
 
89
...............
36,059
17,953
18,106
4,961
2,492
2,469
3,520
2,234
1,286
1989
 
90
...............
37,204
18,312
18,892
4,869
2,395
2,474
3,844
2,394
1,450
1990
 
91
...............
39,530
19,412
20,118
4,765
2,302
2,463
4,093
2,577
1,516
1991
 
92
...............
42,941
20,798
22,143
4,785
2,301
2,484
4,243
2,620
1,623
1992
 
93
...............
47,038
22,842
24,196
4,756
2,343
2,413
4,435
2,664
1,771
1993
 
94
...............
51,383
25,050
26,333
5,196
2,465
2,731
4,534
2,690
1,844
1994
 
95
...............
55,984
26,687
29,297
5,393
2,602
2,791
4,645
2,771
1,874
1995
 
96
...............
60,994
28,849
32,145
6,157
2,902
3,255
4,780
2,773
2,007
1996
 
97
...............
63,975
29,470
34,505
6,466
3,035
3,431
4,812
2,738
2,074
1997
 
98
...............
65,868
29,589
36,279
6,261
2,981
3,280
4,961
2,852
2,109
1998
 
99
...............
65,014
28,254
36,760
6,192
2,839
3,353
4,619
2,669
1,950
1999
 
2000
...........
63,532
26,504
37,028
6,198
2,773
3,425
4,867
2,722
2,145
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
biology;
biochemistry
and
biophysics;
botany;
cell
and
molecular
biology;
microbiology/
bacteriology;
zoology;
and
other
biological
sciences.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
283.
 
Earned
degrees
in
biology,
microbiology,
and
zoology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Biology,
general
Microbiology
1
Zoology
2
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
...............
26,294
2,665
536
1,475
456
365
5,722
1,167
1,107
1971
 
72
...............
27,473
2,943
580
1,548
470
351
5,522
1,189
1,094
1972
 
73
...............
31,185
2,959
627
1,940
517
344
5,770
1,191
1,008
1973
 
74
...............
36,188
3,186
657
2,311
505
384
6,192
1,250
919
1974
 
75
...............
38,748
3,109
637
2,767
552
345
6,116
1,216
920
1975
 
76
...............
40,163
3,177
624
2,927
585
364
6,105
1,153
909
1976
 
77
...............
39,530
3,322
608
2,884
659
325
5,608
1,168
950
1977
 
78
...............
37,598
3,094
664
2,695
615
353
5,139
1,160
885
1978
 
79
...............
35,962
3,093
663
2,670
597
395
4,913
1,109
938
1979
 
80
...............
33,523
2,911
718
2,631
596
376
4,374
1,078
955
1980
 
81
...............
31,323
2,598
734
2,414
482
370
3,946
1,090
946
1981
 
82
...............
29,651
2,579
678
2,377
470
350
3,664
1,028
936
1982
 
83
...............
28,022
2,354
521
2,306
446
331
3,453
918
809
1983
 
84
...............
27,379
2,313
617
2,329
447
360
3,294
867
826
1984
 
85
...............
27,593
2,130
658
2,180
413
302
3,128
778
802
1985
 
86
...............
27,618
2,173
574
2,217
353
336
2,940
723
844
1986
 
87
...............
27,465
2,022
537
2,098
390
337
2,858
740
787
1987
 
88
...............
26,838
1,981
576
2,014
357
386
2,580
725
786
1988
 
89
...............
26,229
2,097
527
1,780
411
356
2,582
736
744
1989
 
90
...............
27,213
1,998
551
1,814
366
409
2,501
638
810
1990
 
91
...............
29,285
1,956
632
1,757
324
419
2,673
640
833
1991
 
92
...............
31,909
1,995
657
1,722
336
454
2,840
620
818
1992
 
93
...............
34,932
2,000
671
1,769
328
520
3,071
637
786
1993
 
94
...............
38,103
2,178
665
1,841
332
478
3,207
749
805
1994
 
95
...............
41,658
2,350
729
1,908
295
443
3,206
689
767
1995
 
96
...............
44,818
2,606
768
2,130
324
477
3,549
815
855
1996
 
97
...............
46,632
2,742
693
2,417
326
455
3,526
875
807
1997
 
98
...............
47,054
2,617
809
2,781
352
438
3,723
821
819
1998
 
99
3
.............
46,078
2,608
711
2,768
355
365
3,507
739
800
1999
 
2000
...........
44,982
2,599
727
2,948
323
383
3,291
743
821
1
Includes
bacteriology.

2
Includes
general
zoology;
entomology;
pathology;
pharmacology;
physiology;
and
zoology
other.

3
Data
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
340
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
284.
 
Earned
degrees
in
business
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1955
 
56
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1955
 
56
..........................
42,813
38,706
4,107
3,280
3,118
162
129
127
2
1959
 
60
..........................
51,076
47,262
3,814
4,643
4,476
167
135
133
2
1965
 
66
..........................
62,721
57,516
5,205
12,959
12,628
331
387
370
17
1967
 
68
..........................
79,074
72,126
6,948
17,795
17,186
609
441
427
14
1969
 
70
..........................
105,580
96,346
9,234
21,561
20,792
769
620
610
10
1970
 
71
..........................
114,729
104,275
10,454
25,977
24,967
1,010
757
736
21
1971
 
72
..........................
121,266
109,688
11,578
30,028
28,845
1,183
859
840
19
1972
 
73
..........................
126,144
112,783
13,361
30,638
29,128
1,510
902
850
52
1973
 
74
..........................
131,640
114,729
16,911
32,172
30,044
2,128
919
870
49
1974
 
75
..........................
132,731
111,144
21,587
35,758
32,732
3,026
936
897
39
1975
 
76
..........................
142,034
113,954
28,080
42,054
37,145
4,909
900
851
49
1976
 
77
..........................
150,765
115,353
35,412
46,006
39,400
6,606
827
775
52
1977
 
78
..........................
159,691
116,171
43,520
47,837
39,743
8,094
823
753
70
1978
 
79
..........................
171,241
118,825
52,416
49,855
40,274
9,581
821
724
97
1979
 
80
..........................
184,867
122,508
62,359
54,484
42,288
12,196
753
642
111
1980
 
81
..........................
198,983
125,523
73,460
57,391
42,980
14,411
795
675
120
1981
 
82
..........................
213,374
129,262
84,112
60,763
43,807
16,956
815
668
147
1982
 
83
..........................
226,627
131,538
95,089
64,758
45,999
18,759
776
644
132
1983
 
84
..........................
229,478
129,559
99,919
66,150
46,178
19,972
929
730
199
1984
 
85
..........................
232,636
127,659
104,977
66,996
46,209
20,787
831
688
143
1985
 
86
..........................
237,319
128,780
108,539
66,689
45,938
20,751
934
729
205
1986
 
87
..........................
240,546
128,603
111,943
67,093
44,913
22,180
1,062
808
254
1987
 
88
..........................
243,021
129,552
113,469
69,230
45,980
23,250
1,063
810
253
1988
 
89
..........................
246,399
131,157
115,242
73,065
48,540
24,525
1,100
800
300
1989
 
90
..........................
248,698
132,329
116,369
76,676
50,585
26,091
1,093
818
275
1990
 
91
..........................
249,311
131,624
117,687
78,255
50,883
27,372
1,185
876
309
1991
 
92
..........................
256,603
135,440
121,163
84,642
54,705
29,937
1,242
953
289
1992
 
93
..........................
256,842
135,573
121,269
89,615
57,651
31,964
1,346
969
377
1993
 
94
..........................
246,654
129,161
117,493
93,437
59,335
34,102
1,364
980
384
1994
 
95
..........................
234,323
121,898
112,425
93,809
59,109
34,700
1,394
1,014
380
1995
 
96
..........................
227,102
116,842
110,260
93,982
58,685
35,297
1,368
974
394
1996
 
97
..........................
226,633
116,519
110,114
97,619
59,611
38,008
1,336
947
389
1997
 
98
..........................
233,119
120,069
113,050
102,171
62,713
39,458
1,290
885
405
1998
 
99
..........................
242,236
123,158
119,078
108,085
65,113
42,972
1,202
844
358
1999
 
2000
......................
257,709
129,664
128,045
112,258
67,544
44,714
1,196
814
382
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
business
management/
administrative
services;
marketing
operations/
marketing
and
distribution;
and
consumer
and
personal
services.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
285.
 
Earned
degrees
in
communications
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
..........................
10,802
6,989
3,813
1,856
1,214
642
145
126
19
1971
 
72
..........................
12,340
7,964
4,376
2,200
1,443
757
111
96
15
1972
 
73
..........................
14,317
9,074
5,243
2,406
1,546
860
139
114
25
1973
 
74
..........................
17,096
10,536
6,560
2,640
1,668
972
175
146
29
1974
 
75
..........................
19,248
11,455
7,793
2,794
1,618
1,176
165
119
46
1975
 
76
..........................
21,282
12,458
8,824
3,126
1,818
1,308
204
154
50
1976
 
77
..........................
23,214
12,932
10,282
3,091
1,719
1,372
171
130
41
1977
 
78
..........................
25,400
13,480
11,920
3,296
1,673
1,623
191
138
53
1978
 
79
..........................
26,457
13,266
13,191
2,882
1,483
1,399
192
138
54
1979
 
80
..........................
28,616
13,656
14,960
3,082
1,527
1,555
193
121
72
1980
 
81
..........................
31,282
14,179
17,103
3,105
1,448
1,657
182
107
75
1981
 
82
..........................
34,222
14,917
19,305
3,327
1,578
1,749
200
136
64
1982
 
83
..........................
38,567
16,161
22,406
3,604
1,661
1,943
214
126
88
1983
 
84
..........................
40,113
16,604
23,509
3,656
1,600
2,056
219
131
88
1984
 
85
..........................
42,002
17,175
24,827
3,669
1,576
2,093
234
143
91
1985
 
86
..........................
43,076
17,639
25,437
3,823
1,610
2,213
223
116
107
1986
 
87
..........................
45,337
18,110
27,227
3,893
1,590
2,303
275
158
117
1987
 
88
..........................
46,649
18,527
28,122
3,925
1,568
2,357
234
134
100
1988
 
89
..........................
48,609
19,215
29,394
4,257
1,737
2,520
253
138
115
1989
 
90
..........................
51,308
20,218
31,090
4,362
1,707
2,655
273
145
128
1990
 
91
..........................
52,773
20,645
32,128
4,336
1,711
2,625
274
151
123
1991
 
92
..........................
54,977
21,497
33,480
4,464
1,692
2,772
255
132
123
1992
 
93
..........................
54,706
22,028
32,678
5,209
1,980
3,229
301
146
155
1993
 
94
..........................
51,827
21,359
30,468
5,419
2,098
3,321
345
174
171
1994
 
95
..........................
48,803
20,404
28,399
5,609
2,108
3,501
321
162
159
1995
 
96
..........................
48,003
19,760
28,243
5,604
2,171
3,433
345
190
155
1996
 
97
..........................
47,768
19,688
28,080
5,601
2,004
3,597
300
155
145
1997
 
98
..........................
50,114
20,014
30,100
6,175
2,392
3,783
359
171
188
1998
 
99
..........................
52,319
20,861
31,458
5,618
2,032
3,586
352
183
169
1999
 
2000
......................
56,910
22,063
34,847
5,605
2,059
3,546
357
168
189
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
communications,
general;
advertising;
journalism;
broadcast
journalism;
public
relations
and
organizational
communications;
radio
and
television
broadcasting;
other
communications;
and
communications
technologies.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
341
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
286.
 
Earned
degrees
in
computer
and
information
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
..........................
2,388
2,064
324
1,588
1,424
164
128
125
3
1971
 
72
..........................
3,402
2,941
461
1,977
1,752
225
167
155
12
1972
 
73
..........................
4,304
3,664
640
2,113
1,888
225
196
181
15
1973
 
74
..........................
4,756
3,976
780
2,276
1,983
293
198
189
9
1974
 
75
..........................
5,033
4,080
953
2,299
1,961
338
213
199
14
1975
 
76
..........................
5,652
4,534
1,118
2,603
2,226
377
244
221
23
1976
 
77
..........................
6,407
4,876
1,531
2,798
2,332
466
216
197
19
1977
 
78
..........................
7,201
5,349
1,852
3,038
2,471
567
196
181
15
1978
 
79
..........................
8,719
6,272
2,447
3,055
2,480
575
236
206
30
1979
 
80
..........................
11,154
7,782
3,372
3,647
2,883
764
240
213
27
1980
 
81
..........................
15,121
10,202
4,919
4,218
3,247
971
252
227
25
1981
 
82
..........................
20,267
13,218
7,049
4,935
3,625
1,310
251
230
21
1982
 
83
..........................
24,510
15,606
8,904
5,321
3,813
1,508
262
228
34
1983
 
84
..........................
32,172
20,246
11,926
6,190
4,379
1,811
251
225
26
1984
 
85
..........................
38,878
24,579
14,299
7,101
5,064
2,037
248
223
25
1985
 
86
..........................
41,889
26,923
14,966
8,070
5,658
2,412
344
299
45
1986
 
87
..........................
39,589
25,865
13,724
8,481
5,985
2,496
374
322
52
1987
 
88
..........................
34,523
23,331
11,192
9,197
6,726
2,471
428
380
48
1988
 
89
..........................
30,454
21,087
9,367
9,414
6,775
2,639
551
466
85
1989
 
90
..........................
27,257
19,117
8,140
9,677
6,960
2,717
627
534
93
1990
 
91
..........................
25,083
17,726
7,357
9,324
6,563
2,761
676
584
92
1991
 
92
..........................
24,557
17,510
7,047
9,530
6,884
2,646
772
669
103
1992
 
93
..........................
24,200
17,403
6,797
10,163
7,410
2,753
805
689
116
1993
 
94
..........................
24,200
17,317
6,883
10,416
7,724
2,692
810
685
125
1994
 
95
..........................
24,404
17,463
6,941
10,326
7,627
2,699
884
723
161
1995
 
96
..........................
24,098
17,468
6,630
10,151
7,444
2,707
867
741
126
1996
 
97
..........................
24,768
18,037
6,731
10,098
7,248
2,850
857
721
136
1997
 
98
..........................
26,852
19,686
7,166
11,246
7,987
3,259
858
718
140
1998
 
99
..........................
29,345
21,392
7,953
12,250
8,458
3,792
800
649
151
1999
 
2000
......................
36,195
26,042
10,153
14,264
9,512
4,752
777
646
131
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
computer
and
information
sciences,
general;
computer
programming
data
processing
technology/
technician;
information
science
and
systems;
computer
systems
analysis;
and
other
computer
and
information
sciences.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
287.
 
Earned
degrees
in
education
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
..........................
61,472
31,398
30,074
20,069
12,025
8,044
953
797
156
1959
 
60
..........................
89,002
25,556
63,446
33,433
18,057
15,376
1,591
1,279
312
1967
 
68
..........................
133,965
31,926
102,039
63,399
30,672
32,727
4,078
3,250
828
1969
 
70
..........................
163,964
40,420
123,544
78,020
34,832
43,188
5,588
4,479
1,109
1970
 
71
..........................
176,307
44,896
131,411
87,666
38,365
49,301
6,041
4,771
1,270
1971
 
72
..........................
190,880
49,344
141,536
96,668
41,141
55,527
6,648
5,104
1,544
1972
 
73
..........................
193,984
51,300
142,684
103,777
43,298
60,479
6,857
5,191
1,666
1973
 
74
..........................
184,907
48,997
135,910
110,402
44,112
66,290
6,757
4,974
1,783
1974
 
75
..........................
166,758
44,463
122,295
117,841
44,430
73,411
6,975
4,856
2,119
1975
 
76
..........................
154,437
42,004
112,433
126,061
44,831
81,230
7,202
4,826
2,376
1976
 
77
..........................
143,234
39,867
103,367
124,267
42,308
81,959
7,338
4,832
2,506
1977
 
78
..........................
135,821
37,410
98,411
116,916
37,662
79,254
7,018
4,281
2,737
1978
 
79
..........................
125,873
33,743
92,130
109,866
34,410
75,456
7,170
4,174
2,996
1979
 
80
..........................
118,038
30,901
87,137
101,819
30,300
71,519
7,314
4,100
3,214
1980
 
81
..........................
108,074
27,039
81,035
96,713
27,548
69,165
7,279
3,843
3,436
1981
 
82
..........................
100,932
24,380
76,552
91,601
25,339
66,262
6,999
3,612
3,387
1982
 
83
..........................
97,895
23,644
74,251
83,250
22,823
60,427
7,057
3,547
3,510
1983
 
84
..........................
92,299
22,195
70,104
75,664
21,142
54,522
6,911
3,446
3,465
1984
 
85
..........................
88,072
21,252
66,820
74,654
20,537
54,117
6,612
3,172
3,440
1985
 
86
..........................
87,114
20,959
66,155
74,801
20,295
54,506
6,605
3,088
3,517
1986
 
87
..........................
86,936
20,729
66,207
74,045
19,293
54,752
6,407
2,931
3,476
1987
 
88
..........................
91,112
20,988
70,124
76,566
19,108
57,458
6,060
2,739
3,321
1988
 
89
..........................
96,913
21,662
75,251
81,174
19,956
61,218
6,337
2,704
3,633
1989
 
90
..........................
105,112
23,007
82,105
84,881
20,467
64,414
6,502
2,776
3,726
1990
 
91
..........................
110,807
23,417
87,390
87,343
20,448
66,895
6,187
2,613
3,574
1991
 
92
..........................
108,006
22,686
85,320
92,668
21,244
71,424
6,864
2,783
4,081
1992
 
93
..........................
107,781
23,233
84,548
96,028
22,197
73,831
7,030
2,867
4,163
1993
 
94
..........................
107,600
24,450
83,150
98,938
23,008
75,930
6,908
2,706
4,202
1994
 
95
..........................
106,079
25,641
80,438
101,242
23,806
77,436
6,905
2,621
4,284
1995
 
96
..........................
105,509
26,233
79,276
106,253
25,214
81,039
6,676
2,525
4,151
1996
 
97
..........................
105,233
26,271
78,962
110,087
25,806
84,281
6,751
2,512
4,239
1997
 
98
..........................
105,968
26,302
79,666
114,691
27,070
87,621
6,729
2,479
4,250
1998
 
99
..........................
107,172
26,226
80,946
119,427
28,263
91,164
6,841
2,423
4,418
1999
 
2000
......................
108,168
26,124
82,044
124,240
29,321
94,919
6,830
2,419
4,411
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
342
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
288.
 
Earned
degrees
in
engineering
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
...............
52,246
52,071
175
4,496
4,481
15
417
416
1
1959
 
60
...............
37,679
37,537
142
7,159
7,133
26
786
783
3
1969
 
70
...............
44,479
44,149
330
15,593
15,421
172
3,681
3,657
24
1970
 
71
...............
50,046
49,646
400
16,443
16,258
185
3,638
3,615
23
1971
 
72
...............
51,164
50,638
526
16,960
16,688
272
3,671
3,649
22
1972
 
73
...............
51,265
50,652
613
16,619
16,341
278
3,492
3,438
54
1973
 
74
...............
50,286
49,490
796
15,379
15,023
356
3,312
3,257
55
1974
 
75
...............
46,852
45,838
1,014
15,348
14,973
375
3,108
3,042
66
1975
 
76
...............
46,331
44,871
1,460
16,342
15,760
582
2,821
2,755
66
1976
 
77
...............
49,283
47,065
2,218
16,245
15,525
720
2,586
2,513
73
1977
 
78
...............
55,654
51,945
3,709
16,398
15,533
865
2,440
2,383
57
1978
 
79
...............
62,375
57,201
5,174
15,495
14,544
951
2,506
2,423
83
1979
 
80
...............
68,893
62,488
6,405
16,243
15,101
1,142
2,507
2,412
95
1980
 
81
...............
75,000
67,301
7,699
16,709
15,347
1,362
2,561
2,457
104
1981
 
82
...............
80,005
70,899
9,106
17,939
16,311
1,628
2,636
2,496
140
1982
 
83
...............
89,018
78,096
10,922
19,344
17,548
1,796
2,831
2,706
125
1983
 
84
...............
94,185
82,092
12,093
20,655
18,500
2,155
2,981
2,816
165
1984
 
85
...............
95,828
83,232
12,596
21,555
19,247
2,308
3,230
3,022
208
1985
 
86
...............
95,660
83,117
12,543
21,657
19,165
2,492
3,410
3,181
229
1986
 
87
...............
92,816
80,104
12,712
22,654
19,804
2,850
3,818
3,555
263
1987
 
88
...............
88,506
76,372
12,134
23,385
20,476
2,909
4,191
3,898
293
1988
 
89
...............
85,002
73,436
11,566
24,568
21,374
3,194
4,523
4,123
400
1989
 
90
...............
81,322
70,071
11,251
24,772
21,357
3,415
4,981
4,536
445
1990
 
91
...............
78,650
67,738
10,912
24,958
21,430
3,528
5,272
4,787
485
1991
 
92
...............
77,541
66,716
10,825
25,977
22,143
3,834
5,499
4,972
527
1992
 
93
...............
78,051
66,836
11,215
28,726
24,454
4,272
5,843
5,283
560
1993
 
94
...............
78,225
66,597
11,628
29,754
25,154
4,600
5,979
5,315
664
1994
 
95
...............
78,154
65,933
12,221
29,670
24,836
4,834
6,128
5,399
729
1995
 
96
...............
77,437
64,956
12,481
28,566
23,641
4,925
6,380
5,580
800
1996
 
97
...............
75,157
62,648
12,509
26,827
21,928
4,899
6,210
5,446
764
1997
 
98
...............
73,910
61,440
12,470
27,088
21,698
5,390
5,994
5,261
733
1998
 
99
...............
71,904
59,187
12,717
26,558
21,268
5,290
5,427
4,649
778
1999
 
2000
...........
72,555
59,145
13,410
26,522
20,968
5,554
5,390
4,555
835
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
engineering;
engineering­
related
technologies;
construction
trades;
and
mechanics
and
repairers
from
1969
 
70
through
1999
 
2000.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
289.
 
Earned
degrees
in
chemical,
civil,
electrical,
and
mechanical
engineering
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Chemical
engineering
Civil
engineering
Electrical,
electronics,
and
communications
engineering
Mechanical
engineering
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1970
 
71
............
3,579
1,100
406
6,526
2,425
446
12,198
4,282
879
8,858
2,237
438
1971
 
72
............
3,625
1,154
394
6,803
2,487
415
12,101
4,206
824
8,530
2,282
411
1972
 
73
............
3,578
1,051
397
7,390
2,627
397
12,313
3,895
791
8,523
2,141
370
1973
 
74
............
3,399
1,044
400
8,017
2,652
368
11,316
3,499
705
7,677
1,843
385
1974
 
75
............
3,070
990
346
7,651
2,769
356
10,161
3,469
701
6,890
1,858
340
1975
 
76
............
3,140
1,031
308
7,923
2,999
370
9,791
3,774
649
6,800
1,907
305
1976
 
77
............
3,524
1,086
291
8,228
2,964
309
9,936
3,788
566
7,703
1,952
283
1977
 
78
............
4,569
1,235
259
9,135
2,685
277
11,133
3,740
503
8,875
1,942
279
1978
 
79
............
5,568
1,149
304
9,809
2,646
253
12,338
3,591
586
10,107
1,877
271
1979
 
80
............
6,320
1,270
284
10,326
2,683
270
13,821
3,836
525
11,808
2,060
281
1980
 
81
............
6,527
1,267
300
10,678
2,891
325
14,938
3,901
535
13,329
2,291
276
1981
 
82
............
6,740
1,285
311
10,524
2,995
329
16,455
4,462
526
13,922
2,399
333
1982
 
83
............
7,185
1,368
319
9,989
3,074
340
18,049
4,531
550
15,675
2,511
299
1983
 
84
............
7,475
1,514
330
9,693
3,146
369
19,943
5,078
585
16,629
2,797
319
1984
 
85
............
7,146
1,544
418
9,162
3,172
377
21,691
5,153
660
16,794
3,053
409
1985
 
86
............
5,877
1,361
446
8,679
2,926
395
23,742
5,534
722
16,194
3,075
426
1986
 
87
............
4,991
1,184
497
8,147
2,901
451
24,547
6,183
724
15,450
3,198
528
1987
 
88
............
3,917
1,088
579
7,488
2,836
481
23,597
6,688
860
14,900
3,329
596
1988
 
89
............
3,663
1,093
602
7,312
2,903
505
21,908
7,028
998
14,843
3,498
633
1989
 
90
............
3,430
1,035
562
7,252
2,812
516
20,711
7,225
1,162
14,336
3,424
742
1990
 
91
............
3,444
903
611
7,314
2,927
536
19,320
7,095
1,220
13,977
3,516
757
1991
 
92
............
3,754
956
590
8,034
3,113
540
17,958
7,360
1,282
14,067
3,653
851
1992
 
93
............
4,459
990
595
8,868
3,610
577
17,281
7,870
1,413
14,464
3,982
871
1993
 
94
............
5,163
1,032
604
9,479
3,873
651
15,823
7,791
1,470
15,030
4,099
887
1994
 
95
............
5,901
1,085
571
9,927
4,077
625
14,929
7,693
1,543
14,794
4,213
890
1995
 
96
............
6,319
1,176
670
10,607
3,905
616
13,900
7,103
1,591
14,177
3,881
940
1996
 
97
............
6,564
1,131
650
10,437
3,833
640
13,336
6,393
1,512
13,493
3,608
913
1997
 
98
............
6,319
1,128
652
9,926
3,795
610
12,995
6,737
1,458
13,071
3,441
933
1998
 
99
............
6,033
1,130
572
9,121
3,648
543
12,531
6,690
1,303
12,705
3,258
774
1999
 
2000
........
5,807
1,078
590
8,136
3,433
543
12,930
6,926
1,392
12,807
3,273
776
NOTE:
From
1970
 
71
to
1981
 
82,
civil
engineering
includes
construction
and
transportation
engineering.
Degrees
in
engineering­
related
technologies
are
not
included
in
this
tabulation.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
343
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
290.
 
Earned
degrees
in
English
language
and
literature/
letters
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
...............
17,240
8,221
9,019
2,259
1,320
939
230
181
49
1959
 
60
...............
20,128
7,580
12,548
2,931
1,458
1,473
397
314
83
1969
 
70
...............
56,410
18,650
37,760
8,517
3,326
5,191
1,213
837
376
1970
 
71
...............
64,342
22,155
42,187
10,686
4,211
6,475
1,650
1,175
475
1971
 
72
...............
63,976
22,657
41,319
10,579
4,123
6,456
1,826
1,233
593
1972
 
73
...............
61,003
22,156
38,847
10,239
4,063
6,176
1,935
1,258
677
1973
 
74
...............
54,590
20,214
34,376
9,803
3,917
5,886
1,885
1,208
677
1974
 
75
...............
47,619
17,880
29,739
9,444
3,569
5,875
1,711
1,025
686
1975
 
76
...............
42,006
16,073
25,933
8,809
3,383
5,426
1,672
967
705
1976
 
77
...............
37,794
14,295
23,499
8,016
2,985
5,031
1,508
841
667
1977
 
78
...............
35,328
13,137
22,191
7,655
2,706
4,949
1,400
758
642
1978
 
79
...............
33,561
12,198
21,363
6,684
2,369
4,315
1,314
708
606
1979
 
80
...............
32,541
11,380
21,161
6,189
2,233
3,956
1,294
686
608
1980
 
81
...............
32,254
11,198
21,056
5,929
2,092
3,837
1,164
553
611
1981
 
82
...............
33,419
11,414
22,005
5,772
1,983
3,789
1,101
511
590
1982
 
83
...............
31,829
10,859
20,970
5,048
1,710
3,338
991
471
520
1983
 
84
...............
32,834
11,170
21,664
5,010
1,736
3,274
1,018
459
559
1984
 
85
...............
33,218
11,334
21,884
5,187
1,786
3,401
1,041
470
571
1985
 
86
...............
34,552
11,819
22,733
5,518
1,881
3,637
991
428
563
1986
 
87
...............
36,284
12,353
23,931
5,483
1,891
3,592
961
415
546
1987
 
88
...............
38,661
12,836
25,825
5,562
1,870
3,692
981
428
553
1988
 
89
...............
42,470
13,927
28,543
5,950
2,002
3,948
1,022
458
564
1989
 
90
...............
47,519
15,662
31,857
6,567
2,205
4,362
1,078
480
598
1990
 
91
...............
51,841
17,146
34,695
7,026
2,296
4,730
1,184
517
667
1991
 
92
...............
54,951
18,536
36,415
7,450
2,513
4,937
1,273
537
736
1992
 
93
...............
56,133
19,247
36,886
7,790
2,667
5,123
1,341
550
791
1993
 
94
...............
53,924
18,425
35,499
7,885
2,712
5,173
1,344
568
776
1994
 
95
...............
51,901
17,810
34,091
7,845
2,764
5,081
1,561
665
896
1995
 
96
...............
50,698
17,253
33,445
7,893
2,814
5,079
1,535
590
945
1996
 
97
...............
49,345
16,531
32,814
7,722
2,733
4,989
1,575
670
905
1997
 
98
...............
49,708
16,477
33,231
7,795
2,643
5,152
1,639
670
969
1998
 
99
...............
50,535
16,490
34,045
7,478
2,504
4,974
1,540
612
928
1999
 
2000
...........
50,920
16,341
34,579
7,230
2,393
4,837
1,628
671
957
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
conferred
in
English
language
and
literature,
general;
comparative
literature;
English
composition;
English
creative
writing;
American
literature;
English
literature;
speech
and
rhetorical
studies;
English
technical
and
business
writing;
and
English
language
and
literature/
letters,
other.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
291.
 
Earned
degrees
in
modern
foreign
languages
and
literatures
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
..........................
4,477
1,746
2,731
919
456
463
168
135
33
1959
 
60
..........................
4,527
1,548
2,979
832
392
440
150
100
50
1969
 
70
..........................
19,457
4,921
14,536
4,154
1,476
2,678
590
369
221
1970
 
71
..........................
19,055
4,734
14,321
4,407
1,492
2,915
703
425
278
1971
 
72
..........................
18,137
4,445
13,692
4,277
1,449
2,828
753
466
287
1972
 
73
..........................
18,232
4,347
13,885
3,992
1,407
2,585
889
519
370
1973
 
74
..........................
18,252
4,276
13,976
3,793
1,252
2,541
875
487
388
1974
 
75
..........................
17,115
3,912
13,203
3,672
1,179
2,493
829
442
387
1975
 
76
..........................
15,079
3,495
11,584
3,359
1,095
2,264
830
429
401
1976
 
77
..........................
13,626
3,225
10,401
2,986
886
2,100
728
347
381
1977
 
78
..........................
12,448
2,938
9,510
2,653
768
1,885
626
282
344
1978
 
79
..........................
11,531
2,705
8,826
2,338
685
1,653
625
287
338
1979
 
80
..........................
10,816
2,583
8,233
2,152
628
1,524
522
217
305
1980
 
81
..........................
10,050
2,402
7,648
2,018
657
1,361
556
259
297
1981
 
82
..........................
9,576
2,278
7,298
1,913
571
1,342
495
220
275
1982
 
83
..........................
9,334
2,343
6,991
1,597
528
1,069
451
183
268
1983
 
84
..........................
9,152
2,399
6,753
1,640
512
1,128
424
191
233
1984
 
85
..........................
9,675
2,529
7,146
1,611
503
1,108
387
156
231
1985
 
86
..........................
9,808
2,685
7,123
1,655
482
1,173
426
173
253
1986
 
87
..........................
9,858
2,655
7,203
1,692
491
1,201
403
162
241
1987
 
88
..........................
9,790
2,628
7,162
1,795
564
1,231
380
159
221
1988
 
89
..........................
10,498
2,767
7,731
1,821
552
1,269
389
145
244
1989
 
90
..........................
11,092
2,902
8,190
1,931
584
1,347
475
183
292
1990
 
91
..........................
11,724
3,207
8,517
1,973
595
1,378
477
200
277
1991
 
92
..........................
12,367
3,390
8,977
2,119
652
1,467
537
222
315
1992
 
93
..........................
12,819
3,537
9,282
2,353
744
1,609
535
210
325
1993
 
94
..........................
12,785
3,672
9,113
2,343
712
1,631
578
208
370
1994
 
95
..........................
12,309
3,666
8,643
2,306
688
1,618
626
250
376
1995
 
96
..........................
13,020
3,916
9,104
2,443
789
1,654
636
261
375
1996
 
97
..........................
12,256
3,553
8,703
2,229
668
1,561
622
247
375
1997
 
98
..........................
12,769
3,679
9,090
2,064
612
1,452
628
253
375
1998
 
99
..........................
13,268
3,835
9,433
1,964
578
1,386
591
231
360
1999
 
2000
......................
13,172
3,666
9,506
1,900
564
1,336
614
237
377
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
conferred
in
a
single
language
or
a
combination
of
modern
foreign
languages.
Excludes
degrees
in
linguistics,
Latin,
classics,
ancient
and
medieval
Greek,
and
other
foreign
languages.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
344
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
292.
 
Earned
degrees
in
French,
German,
and
Spanish
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
French
German
Spanish
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
...............
1,471
299
53
540
121
40
2,122
373
34
1959
 
60
...............
1,927
316
58
659
126
21
1,610
261
31
1967
 
68
...............
7,068
1,301
152
2,368
771
117
6,381
1,188
123
1969
 
70
...............
7,624
1,409
181
2,652
669
118
7,226
1,372
139
1970
 
71
...............
7,306
1,437
192
2,601
690
144
7,068
1,456
168
1974
 
75
...............
5,745
1,077
200
2,289
480
147
6,719
1,228
202
1975
 
76
...............
4,783
914
190
1,983
471
164
5,984
1,080
176
1976
 
77
...............
4,228
875
177
1,820
394
126
5,359
930
153
1977
 
78
...............
3,708
692
155
1,647
357
101
4,832
822
113
1978
 
79
...............
3,558
576
143
1,524
344
106
4,563
720
118
1979
 
80
...............
3,285
513
128
1,466
309
94
4,331
685
103
1980
 
81
...............
3,178
460
115
1,286
294
79
3,870
592
131
1981
 
82
...............
3,054
485
92
1,327
324
76
3,633
568
140
1982
 
83
...............
2,871
360
106
1,367
281
68
3,349
506
129
1983
 
84
...............
2,876
418
86
1,292
241
63
3,254
537
102
1984
 
85
...............
2,991
385
74
1,411
240
58
3,415
505
115
1985
 
86
...............
3,015
409
86
1,396
249
73
3,385
521
95
1986
 
87
...............
3,062
421
85
1,366
234
70
3,450
504
104
1987
 
88
...............
3,082
437
89
1,350
244
71
3,416
553
93
1988
 
89
...............
3,297
444
83
1,428
263
59
3,748
552
101
1989
 
90
...............
3,259
478
115
1,437
253
67
4,176
573
108
1990
 
91
...............
3,355
480
98
1,543
242
58
4,480
609
125
1991
 
92
...............
3,371
465
112
1,616
273
85
4,768
647
143
1992
 
93
...............
3,280
513
98
1,572
317
86
5,233
667
145
1993
 
94
...............
3,094
479
104
1,580
298
61
5,505
691
160
1994
 
95
...............
2,764
470
118
1,352
278
83
5,602
709
161
1995
 
96
...............
2,655
446
113
1,290
305
75
5,995
769
151
1996
 
97
...............
2,468
414
119
1,214
281
80
6,161
677
175
1997
 
98
...............
2,530
389
104
1,181
209
94
6,595
781
160
1998
 
99
...............
2,555
357
116
1,246
238
77
6,964
694
152
1999
 
2000
...........
2,514
343
129
1,125
184
76
7,031
718
175
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
293.
 
Earned
degrees
in
the
health
professions
and
related
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
...............
25,226
5,788
19,438
5,749
2,567
3,182
466
389
77
1974
 
75
...............
49,090
10,930
38,160
10,692
4,092
6,600
618
441
177
1975
 
76
...............
53,958
11,456
42,502
12,556
4,217
8,339
577
411
166
1976
 
77
...............
57,328
11,947
45,381
12,951
4,163
8,788
538
366
172
1977
 
78
...............
59,434
11,593
47,841
14,325
4,265
10,060
654
402
252
1978
 
79
...............
62,085
11,205
50,880
15,485
4,494
10,991
718
454
264
1979
 
80
...............
63,920
11,391
52,529
15,704
4,357
11,347
786
435
351
1980
 
81
...............
63,649
10,519
53,130
16,515
4,316
12,199
842
475
367
1981
 
82
...............
63,653
10,105
53,548
16,503
4,006
12,497
925
503
422
1982
 
83
...............
64,685
10,218
54,467
17,047
4,235
12,812
1,155
649
506
1983
 
84
...............
64,288
10,040
54,248
17,411
4,251
13,160
1,164
574
590
1984
 
85
...............
64,422
9,741
54,681
17,385
4,119
13,266
1,199
565
634
1985
 
86
...............
64,396
9,630
54,766
18,573
4,428
14,145
1,241
604
637
1986
 
87
...............
63,103
9,134
53,969
18,394
3,874
14,520
1,213
564
649
1987
 
88
...............
60,644
8,929
51,715
18,657
4,047
14,610
1,261
548
713
1988
 
89
...............
59,005
8,872
50,133
19,268
4,226
15,042
1,437
609
828
1989
 
90
...............
58,302
9,118
49,184
20,321
4,534
15,787
1,536
704
832
1990
 
91
...............
59,070
9,596
49,474
21,200
4,444
16,756
1,613
694
919
1991
 
92
...............
61,720
10,189
51,531
23,065
4,691
18,374
1,661
698
963
1992
 
93
...............
67,089
11,347
55,742
25,718
5,227
20,491
1,767
753
1,014
1993
 
94
...............
74,421
13,062
61,359
28,025
5,814
22,211
1,902
789
1,113
1994
 
95
...............
79,855
14,443
65,412
31,243
6,754
24,489
2,069
867
1,202
1995
 
96
...............
84,036
15,432
68,604
33,398
7,021
26,377
2,119
919
1,200
1996
 
97
...............
85,631
15,877
69,754
35,958
7,702
28,256
2,672
1,176
1,496
1997
 
98
...............
84,379
15,082
69,297
39,260
8,751
30,509
2,484
931
1,553
1998
 
99
...............
82,622
14,520
68,102
40,589
9,434
31,155
2,535
1,037
1,498
1999
 
2000
...........
78,458
12,727
65,731
42,456
9,624
32,832
2,676
1,038
1,638
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
chiropractic;
communication
disorders
sciences;
community
health
liaison;
dentistry;
dental
services;
health
services
administration;
health
and
medical
assistants;
health
and
medical
diagnostic
and
treatment
services;
medical
laboratory
technologies;
predentistry;
premedicine;
prepharmacy;
preveterinary;
medical
basic
sciences;
mental
health
services;
nursing;
optometry;
pharmacy;
epidemiology;
rehabilitation
and
therapeutic
services;
veterinary
medicine;
and
other
health
professions.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
345
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
294.
 
Earned
degrees
in
mathematics
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
..........................
6,382
4,942
1,440
974
784
190
160
151
9
1959
 
60
..........................
11,399
8,293
3,106
1,757
1,422
335
303
285
18
1967
 
68
..........................
23,513
14,782
8,731
5,527
4,199
1,328
947
895
5
1969
 
70
..........................
27,442
17,177
10,265
5,636
3,966
1,670
1,236
1,140
96
1970
 
71
..........................
24,937
15,498
9,439
5,695
4,149
1,546
1,249
1,154
95
1971
 
72
..........................
23,807
14,542
9,265
5,537
3,976
1,561
1,165
1,075
90
1972
 
73
..........................
23,186
13,910
9,276
5,397
3,878
1,519
1,089
987
102
1973
 
74
..........................
21,761
12,912
8,849
5,306
3,784
1,522
1,093
992
101
1974
 
75
..........................
18,460
10,853
7,607
4,816
3,358
1,458
1,048
936
112
1975
 
76
..........................
16,329
9,788
6,541
4,315
2,961
1,354
909
812
97
1976
 
77
..........................
14,395
8,476
5,919
4,109
2,762
1,347
859
748
111
1977
 
78
..........................
13,065
7,806
5,259
3,862
2,635
1,227
848
722
126
1978
 
79
..........................
12,329
7,301
5,028
3,553
2,412
1,141
769
644
125
1979
 
80
..........................
11,872
6,951
4,921
3,382
2,262
1,120
763
659
104
1980
 
81
..........................
11,433
6,614
4,819
3,074
2,106
968
775
656
119
1981
 
82
..........................
12,226
6,999
5,227
3,263
2,257
1,006
721
623
98
1982
 
83
..........................
12,719
7,175
5,544
3,398
2,316
1,082
731
611
120
1983
 
84
..........................
13,764
7,716
6,048
3,244
2,178
1,066
743
614
129
1984
 
85
..........................
15,861
8,537
7,324
3,413
2,289
1,124
734
620
114
1985
 
86
..........................
17,147
9,216
7,931
3,607
2,397
1,210
777
648
129
1986
 
87
..........................
16,999
9,110
7,889
3,730
2,328
1,402
759
628
131
1987
 
88
..........................
16,608
8,919
7,689
3,867
2,391
1,476
796
668
128
1988
 
89
..........................
15,994
8,662
7,332
3,903
2,418
1,485
915
737
178
1989
 
90
..........................
15,176
8,236
6,940
4,146
2,568
1,578
966
794
172
1990
 
91
..........................
15,310
8,178
7,132
4,041
2,446
1,595
1,036
837
199
1991
 
92
..........................
14,783
7,888
6,895
4,011
2,452
1,559
1,082
851
231
1992
 
93
..........................
14,812
7,827
6,985
4,067
2,455
1,612
1,189
906
283
1993
 
94
..........................
14,396
7,735
6,661
4,100
2,536
1,564
1,157
904
253
1994
 
95
..........................
13,723
7,295
6,428
4,181
2,543
1,638
1,226
955
271
1995
 
96
..........................
13,143
7,134
6,009
4,031
2,465
1,566
1,209
962
247
1996
 
97
..........................
12,820
6,908
5,912
3,783
2,241
1,542
1,174
891
283
1997
 
98
..........................
12,328
6,596
5,732
3,643
2,151
1,492
1,259
936
323
1998
 
99
..........................
12,539
6,545
5,994
3,466
2,027
1,439
1,124
830
294
1999
 
2000
......................
12,070
6,382
5,688
3,412
1,881
1,531
1,106
830
276
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
conferred
in
statistics.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
295.
 
Earned
degrees
in
the
physical
sciences
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1959
 
60
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1959
 
60
..........................
16,007
14,013
1,994
3,376
3,049
327
1,838
1,776
62
1967
 
68
..........................
19,380
16,739
2,641
5,499
4,869
630
3,593
3,405
188
1969
 
70
..........................
21,439
18,522
2,917
5,935
5,093
842
4,312
4,077
235
1970
 
71
..........................
21,412
18,459
2,953
6,367
5,521
846
4,390
4,144
246
1971
 
72
..........................
20,745
17,663
3,082
6,287
5,404
883
4,103
3,830
273
1972
 
73
..........................
20,696
17,626
3,070
6,257
5,414
843
4,006
3,738
268
1973
 
74
..........................
21,178
17,674
3,504
6,062
5,186
876
3,626
3,373
253
1974
 
75
..........................
20,778
16,992
3,786
5,807
4,969
838
3,626
3,325
301
1975
 
76
..........................
21,465
17,353
4,112
5,466
4,648
818
3,431
3,132
299
1976
 
77
..........................
22,497
17,996
4,501
5,331
4,450
881
3,341
3,022
319
1977
 
78
..........................
22,986
18,090
4,896
5,561
4,620
941
3,133
2,821
312
1978
 
79
..........................
23,207
17,985
5,222
5,451
4,461
990
3,102
2,752
350
1979
 
80
..........................
23,410
17,864
5,546
5,219
4,248
971
3,089
2,705
384
1980
 
81
..........................
23,952
18,064
5,888
5,284
4,200
1,084
3,141
2,765
376
1981
 
82
..........................
24,052
17,866
6,186
5,514
4,318
1,196
3,286
2,835
451
1982
 
83
..........................
23,381
16,993
6,388
5,290
4,157
1,133
3,269
2,811
458
1983
 
84
..........................
23,651
17,116
6,535
5,576
4,268
1,308
3,306
2,815
491
1984
 
85
..........................
23,704
17,069
6,635
5,796
4,452
1,344
3,403
2,851
552
1985
 
86
..........................
21,717
15,755
5,962
5,902
4,470
1,432
3,551
2,963
588
1986
 
87
..........................
20,070
14,372
5,698
5,629
4,219
1,410
3,673
3,039
634
1987
 
88
..........................
17,806
12,389
5,417
5,733
4,324
1,409
3,809
3,123
686
1988
 
89
..........................
17,186
12,077
5,109
5,723
4,199
1,524
3,858
3,088
770
1989
 
90
..........................
16,066
11,031
5,035
5,449
4,010
1,439
4,164
3,356
808
1990
 
91
..........................
16,344
11,176
5,168
5,309
3,837
1,472
4,290
3,447
843
1991
 
92
..........................
16,960
11,431
5,529
5,374
3,909
1,465
4,391
3,429
962
1992
 
93
..........................
17,545
11,825
5,720
5,366
3,808
1,558
4,393
3,432
961
1993
 
94
..........................
18,400
12,223
6,177
5,679
4,018
1,661
4,650
3,642
1,008
1994
 
95
..........................
19,177
12,497
6,680
5,753
4,013
1,740
4,483
3,428
1,055
1995
 
96
..........................
19,647
12,578
7,069
5,847
3,966
1,881
4,571
3,515
1,056
1996
 
97
..........................
19,531
12,228
7,303
5,563
3,752
1,811
4,474
3,444
1,030
1997
 
98
..........................
19,416
11,955
7,461
5,361
3,435
1,926
4,571
3,417
1,154
1998
 
99
..........................
18,337
11,029
7,308
5,159
3,384
1,775
4,190
3,174
1,016
1999
 
2000
......................
18,385
10,972
7,413
4,841
3,126
1,715
4,018
2,994
1,024
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
physical
sciences,
general;
astronomy;
astrophysics;
atmospheric
science
and
meteorology;
chemistry;
geology;
miscellaneous
physical
sciences;
physics;
science
technologies;
and
other
physical
sciences.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
346
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
296.
 
Earned
degrees
in
chemistry,
geology,
and
physics
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Chemistry
Geology
Physics
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
..........................
11,063
2,275
2,159
2,414
651
324
5,071
2,188
1,482
1971
 
72
..........................
10,590
2,248
1,971
2,573
841
310
4,634
2,033
1,344
1972
 
73
..........................
10,128
2,225
1,872
2,923
827
305
4,259
1,747
1,338
1973
 
74
..........................
10,438
2,125
1,823
3,253
938
315
3,952
1,655
1,115
1974
 
75
..........................
10,549
1,986
1,822
3,319
932
292
3,706
1,574
1,080
1975
 
76
..........................
11,022
1,783
1,621
3,358
1,003
313
3,544
1,451
997
1976
 
77
..........................
11,215
1,767
1,568
3,879
1,047
325
3,420
1,319
945
1977
 
78
..........................
11,315
1,886
1,521
4,342
1,239
268
3,330
1,294
873
1978
 
79
..........................
11,509
1,757
1,516
4,502
1,300
286
3,337
1,319
918
1979
 
80
..........................
11,232
1,723
1,545
4,597
1,295
313
3,396
1,192
830
1980
 
81
..........................
11,347
1,654
1,622
5,202
1,396
294
3,441
1,294
866
1981
 
82
..........................
11,062
1,751
1,722
5,538
1,540
282
3,472
1,284
873
1982
 
83
..........................
10,796
1,622
1,746
6,102
1,552
295
3,793
1,369
873
1983
 
84
..........................
10,704
1,667
1,744
6,549
1,514
315
3,907
1,532
953
1984
 
85
..........................
10,482
1,719
1,789
6,308
1,692
289
4,097
1,523
951
1985
 
86
..........................
10,116
1,754
1,908
4,974
1,767
271
4,180
1,501
1,010
1986
 
87
..........................
9,670
1,738
1,976
3,665
1,603
280
4,318
1,543
1,074
1987
 
88
..........................
9,052
1,708
1,995
2,551
1,523
350
4,100
1,675
1,093
1988
 
89
..........................
8,625
1,774
2,037
2,252
1,404
358
4,352
1,736
1,112
1989
 
90
..........................
8,132
1,682
2,183
1,767
1,200
414
4,155
1,831
1,192
1990
 
91
..........................
8,321
1,665
2,238
1,784
1,089
446
4,236
1,725
1,209
1991
 
92
..........................
8,641
1,780
2,280
2,078
990
413
4,098
1,834
1,337
1992
 
93
..........................
8,914
1,842
2,261
2,299
925
406
4,063
1,777
1,277
1993
 
94
..........................
9,425
1,999
2,353
2,677
937
422
4,001
1,945
1,465
1994
 
95
..........................
9,722
2,099
2,273
3,118
993
398
3,823
1,817
1,424
1995
 
96
..........................
10,415
2,254
2,287
3,190
991
372
3,679
1,678
1,462
1996
 
97
..........................
10,644
2,240
2,259
3.219
996
388
3,376
1,496
1,410
1997
 
98
..........................
10,582
2,141
2,342
3,066
966
416
3,441
1,371
1,393
1998
 
99
..........................
10,120
2,037
2,191
2,837
936
367
3,213
1,309
1,252
1999
 
2000
......................
10,043
1,888
2,083
2,802
944
310
3,342
1,232
1,208
NOTE:
Geology
includes
geology,
geochemistry,
and
geophysics
and
seismology.
Beginning
in
1982
 
83,
also
includes
other
geological
sciences.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
297.
 
Earned
degrees
in
psychology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
by
sex
of
student:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1949
 
50
..........................
9,569
6,055
3,514
1,316
948
368
283
241
42
1959
 
60
..........................
8,061
4,773
3,288
1,406
981
425
641
544
97
1967
 
68
..........................
23,819
13,792
10,027
3,479
2,321
1,158
1,268
982
286
1969
 
70
..........................
33,679
19,077
14,602
5,158
2,975
2,183
1,962
1,505
457
1970
 
71
..........................
38,187
21,227
16,960
5,717
3,395
2,322
2,144
1,629
515
1971
 
72
..........................
43,433
23,352
20,081
6,764
3,934
2,830
2,277
1,694
583
1972
 
73
..........................
47,940
25,117
22,823
7,619
4,325
3,294
2,550
1,797
753
1973
 
74
..........................
52,139
25,868
26,271
8,796
4,983
3,813
2,872
1,987
885
1974
 
75
..........................
51,245
24,284
26,961
9,394
5,035
4,359
2,913
1,979
934
1975
 
76
..........................
50,278
22,898
27,380
10,167
5,136
5,031
3,157
2,115
1,042
1976
 
77
..........................
47,861
20,627
27,234
10,859
5,293
5,566
3,386
2,127
1,259
1977
 
78
..........................
44,879
18,422
26,457
10,282
4,670
5,612
3,164
1,974
1,190
1978
 
79
..........................
42,697
16,540
26,157
10,132
4,405
5,727
3,228
1,895
1,333
1979
 
80
..........................
42,093
15,440
26,653
9,938
4,096
5,842
3,395
1,921
1,474
1980
 
81
..........................
41,068
14,332
26,736
10,223
4,066
6,157
3,576
2,002
1,574
1981
 
82
..........................
41,212
13,645
27,567
9,947
3,823
6,124
3,461
1,856
1,605
1982
 
83
..........................
40,460
13,131
27,329
9,981
3,647
6,334
3,602
1,838
1,764
1983
 
84
..........................
39,955
12,812
27,143
9,525
3,400
6,125
3,535
1,774
1,761
1984
 
85
..........................
39,900
12,706
27,194
9,891
3,452
6,439
3,447
1,739
1,708
1985
 
86
..........................
40,628
12,605
28,023
9,845
3,347
6,498
3,593
1,724
1,869
1986
 
87
..........................
42,994
13,362
29,632
9,562
3,172
6,390
3,560
1,615
1,945
1987
 
88
..........................
45,187
13,538
31,649
9,180
2,923
6,257
3,480
1,573
1,907
1988
 
89
..........................
48,910
14,246
34,664
9,940
3,122
6,818
3,685
1,590
2,095
1989
 
90
..........................
53,952
15,336
38,616
10,730
3,377
7,353
3,811
1,566
2,245
1990
 
91
..........................
58,655
16,067
42,588
11,349
3,329
8,020
3,932
1,520
2,412
1991
 
92
..........................
63,513
17,031
46,482
10,215
2,988
7,227
3,373
1,359
2,014
1992
 
93
..........................
66,728
17,908
48,820
10,957
3,029
7,928
3,651
1,415
2,236
1993
 
94
..........................
69,259
18,642
50,617
12,181
3,401
8,780
3,563
1,346
2,217
1994
 
95
..........................
72,083
19,548
52,535
13,921
3,893
10,028
3,822
1,431
2,391
1995
 
96
..........................
73,291
19,817
53,474
13,792
3,813
9,979
3,711
1,259
2,452
1996
 
97
..........................
74,191
19,379
54,812
14,353
3,852
10,501
4,053
1,350
2,703
1997
 
98
..........................
73,972
18,959
55,013
13,747
3,699
10,048
4,073
1,325
2,748
1998
 
99
..........................
73,536
18,294
55,242
14,247
3,693
10,554
4,248
1,385
2,863
1999
 
2000
......................
74,060
17,430
56,630
14,465
3,552
10,913
4,310
1,405
2,905
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
347
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
298.
 
Earned
degrees
in
public
administration
and
services
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
...............
5,466
1,726
3,740
7,785
3,893
3,892
174
132
42
1971
 
72
...............
7,508
2,588
4,920
8,756
4,537
4,219
193
150
43
1972
 
73
...............
10,690
3,998
6,692
10,068
5,271
4,797
198
160
38
1973
 
74
...............
11,966
4,266
7,700
11,415
6,028
5,387
201
154
47
1974
 
75
...............
13,661
4,630
9,031
13,617
7,200
6,417
257
192
65
1975
 
76
...............
15,440
5,706
9,734
15,209
7,969
7,240
292
192
100
1976
 
77
...............
16,136
5,544
10,592
17,026
8,810
8,216
292
197
95
1977
 
78
...............
16,607
5,096
11,511
17,337
8,513
8,824
357
237
120
1978
 
79
...............
17,328
4,938
12,390
17,306
8,051
9,255
315
215
100
1979
 
80
...............
16,644
4,451
12,193
17,560
7,866
9,694
342
216
126
1980
 
81
...............
16,707
4,248
12,459
17,803
7,460
10,343
362
212
150
1981
 
82
...............
16,495
4,176
12,319
17,416
6,975
10,441
372
205
167
1982
 
83
...............
14,414
3,343
11,071
16,046
5,961
10,085
347
184
163
1983
 
84
...............
12,570
2,998
9,572
15,060
5,634
9,426
420
230
190
1984
 
85
...............
11,754
2,829
8,925
15,575
5,573
10,002
431
213
218
1985
 
86
...............
11,887
2,966
8,921
15,692
5,594
10,098
382
171
211
1986
 
87
...............
12,328
2,993
9,335
16,432
5,673
10,759
398
216
182
1987
 
88
...............
12,385
2,923
9,462
16,424
5,631
10,793
470
238
232
1988
 
89
...............
13,162
3,214
9,948
17,020
5,615
11,405
428
210
218
1989
 
90
...............
13,908
3,334
10,574
17,399
5,634
11,765
508
235
273
1990
 
91
...............
14,350
3,215
11,135
17,905
5,679
12,226
430
190
240
1991
 
92
...............
15,987
3,479
12,508
19,243
5,769
13,474
432
204
228
1992
 
93
...............
16,775
3,801
12,974
20,634
6,105
14,529
459
215
244
1993
 
94
...............
17,815
3,919
13,896
21,833
6,406
15,427
519
238
281
1994
 
95
...............
18,586
3,935
14,651
23,501
6,870
16,631
556
274
282
1995
 
96
...............
19,849
4,205
15,644
24,229
6,927
17,302
499
220
279
1996
 
97
...............
20,649
4,177
16,472
24,781
6,957
17,824
518
243
275
1997
 
98
...............
20,408
3,881
16,527
25,144
7,025
18,119
499
223
276
1998
 
99
...............
20,287
3,791
16,496
24,925
6,556
18,369
532
239
293
1999
 
2000
...........
20,185
3,816
16,369
25,594
6,808
18,786
537
227
310
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
public
administration;
community
organization,
resources
and
services;
public
policy
analysis;
social
work;
and
public
affairs,
other.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
299.
 
Earned
degrees
in
the
social
sciences
and
history
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
..........................
155,324
98,173
57,151
16,539
11,833
4,706
3,660
3,153
507
1971
 
72
..........................
158,060
100,895
57,165
17,445
12,540
4,905
4,081
3,483
598
1972
 
73
..........................
155,970
99,735
56,235
17,477
12,605
4,872
4,234
3,573
661
1973
 
74
..........................
150,320
95,650
54,670
17,293
12,321
4,972
4,124
3,383
741
1974
 
75
..........................
135,190
84,826
50,364
16,977
11,875
5,102
4,212
3,334
878
1975
 
76
..........................
126,396
78,691
47,705
15,953
10,918
5,035
4,157
3,262
895
1976
 
77
..........................
117,040
71,128
45,912
15,533
10,413
5,120
3,802
2,957
845
1977
 
78
..........................
112,952
67,217
45,735
14,718
9,845
4,873
3,594
2,722
872
1978
 
79
..........................
108,059
62,852
45,207
12,963
8,395
4,568
3,371
2,501
870
1979
 
80
..........................
103,662
58,511
45,151
12,176
7,794
4,382
3,230
2,357
873
1980
 
81
..........................
100,513
56,131
44,382
11,945
7,457
4,488
3,122
2,274
848
1981
 
82
..........................
99,705
55,196
44,509
12,002
7,468
4,534
3,061
2,237
824
1982
 
83
..........................
95,228
52,771
42,457
11,205
6,974
4,231
2,931
2,042
889
1983
 
84
..........................
93,323
52,154
41,169
10,577
6,551
4,026
2,911
2,030
881
1984
 
85
..........................
91,570
51,226
40,344
10,503
6,475
4,028
2,851
1,933
918
1985
 
86
..........................
93,840
52,724
41,116
10,564
6,419
4,145
2,955
1,970
985
1986
 
87
..........................
96,342
53,949
42,393
10,506
6,373
4,133
2,916
2,026
890
1987
 
88
..........................
100,460
56,377
44,083
10,412
6,310
4,102
2,781
1,849
932
1988
 
89
..........................
108,151
60,121
48,030
11,023
6,599
4,424
2,885
1,949
936
1989
 
90
..........................
118,083
65,887
52,196
11,634
6,898
4,736
3,010
2,019
991
1990
 
91
..........................
125,107
68,701
56,406
12,233
7,016
5,217
3,012
1,956
1,056
1991
 
92
..........................
133,974
73,001
60,973
12,702
7,237
5,465
3,218
2,126
1,092
1992
 
93
..........................
135,703
73,589
62,114
13,471
7,671
5,800
3,460
2,203
1,257
1993
 
94
..........................
133,680
72,006
61,674
14,561
8,152
6,409
3,627
2,317
1,310
1994
 
95
..........................
128,154
68,139
60,015
14,845
8,207
6,638
3,725
2,319
1,406
1995
 
96
..........................
126,479
65,872
60,607
15,012
8,093
6,919
3,760
2,339
1,421
1996
 
97
..........................
124,891
64,115
60,776
14,787
7,830
6,957
3,989
2,479
1,510
1997
 
98
..........................
125,040
63,537
61,503
14,938
7,960
6,978
4,127
2,445
1,682
1998
 
99
..........................
124,658
61,736
62,922
14,431
7,456
6,975
3,855
2,270
1,585
1999
 
2000
......................
127,101
62,062
65,039
14,066
7,024
7,042
4,095
2,407
1,688
NOTE:
Includes
degrees
in
social
sciences,
general;
anthropology;
archeology;
criminology
demography
and
population
studies;
economics;
geography;
history;
international
relations
and
affairs;
political
science
and
government;
sociology;
urban
affairs/
studies;
and
social
sciences
and
history,
other.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
348
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
300.
 
Earned
degrees
in
economics,
history,
political
science
and
government,
and
sociology
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree:
1949
 
50
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Economics
History
Political
science
and
government
Sociology
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1949
 
50
....................
14,568
921
200
13,542
1,801
275
6,336
710
127
7,870
552
98
1955
 
56
....................
6,555
581
232
10,510
1,114
259
5,633
509
203
5,878
402
170
1959
 
60
....................
7,453
708
237
14,737
1,794
342
6,596
722
201
7,147
440
161
1965
 
66
....................
11,555
1,522
458
28,612
3,883
599
15,242
1,429
336
15,038
981
244
1969
 
70
....................
17,197
1,988
794
43,386
5,049
1,038
25,713
2,105
525
30,436
1,813
534
1970
 
71
....................
15,758
1,995
721
44,663
5,157
991
27,482
2,318
700
33,263
1,808
574
1971
 
72
....................
15,231
2,224
794
43,695
5,217
1,133
28,135
2,451
758
35,216
1,944
636
1972
 
73
....................
14,770
2,225
845
40,943
5,030
1,140
30,100
2,398
747
35,436
1,923
583
1973
 
74
....................
14,285
2,141
788
37,049
4,533
1,114
30,744
2,448
766
35,491
2,196
632
1974
 
75
....................
14,046
2,127
815
31,470
4,226
1,117
29,126
2,333
680
31,488
2,112
693
1975
 
76
....................
14,741
2,087
763
28,400
3,658
1,014
28,302
2,191
723
27,634
2,009
729
1976
 
77
....................
15,296
2,158
758
25,433
3,393
921
26,411
2,222
641
24,713
1,830
714
1977
 
78
....................
15,661
1,995
706
23,004
3,033
813
26,069
2,069
636
22,750
1,611
599
1978
 
79
....................
16,409
1,955
712
21,019
2,536
756
25,628
2,037
563
20,285
1,415
612
1979
 
80
....................
17,863
1,821
677
19,301
2,367
712
25,457
1,938
535
18,881
1,341
583
1980
 
81
....................
18,753
1,911
727
18,301
2,237
643
24,977
1,875
484
17,272
1,240
610
1981
 
82
....................
19,876
1,964
677
17,146
2,210
636
25,658
1,954
513
16,042
1,145
558
1982
 
83
....................
20,517
1,972
734
16,467
2,041
575
25,791
1,829
435
14,105
1,112
522
1983
 
84
....................
20,719
1,891
729
16,643
1,940
561
25,719
1,769
457
13,145
1,008
520
1984
 
85
....................
20,711
1,992
749
16,049
1,921
468
25,834
1,500
441
11,968
1,022
480
1985
 
86
....................
21,602
1,937
789
16,415
1,961
497
26,439
1,704
439
12,271
965
504
1986
 
87
....................
22,378
1,855
750
16,997
2,021
534
26,817
1,618
435
12,239
950
451
1987
 
88
....................
22,911
1,847
770
18,207
2,093
517
27,207
1,579
391
13,024
984
452
1988
 
89
....................
23,454
1,886
827
20,159
2,121
487
30,450
1,598
452
14,435
1,135
451
1989
 
90
....................
23,923
1,950
806
22,476
2,369
570
33,560
1,580
480
16,035
1,198
432
1990
 
91
....................
23,488
1,951
802
24,541
2,591
606
35,737
1,772
468
17,550
1,260
465
1991
 
92
....................
23,423
2,106
866
26,966
2,754
644
37,805
1,908
535
19,568
1,347
501
1992
 
93
....................
21,321
2,292
879
27,774
2,952
690
37,931
1,943
529
20,896
1,521
536
1993
 
94
....................
19,496
2,521
869
27,503
3,009
752
36,097
2,147
616
22,368
1,639
530
1994
 
95
....................
17,673
2,400
910
26,598
3,091
816
33,013
2,019
637
22,886
1,748
546
1995
 
96
....................
16,674
2,533
916
26,005
2,898
805
30,775
2,024
634
24,071
1,772
527
1996
 
97
....................
16,539
2,433
968
25,214
2,901
873
28,969
1,909
686
24,672
1,731
591
1997
 
98
....................
17,074
2,435
928
25,726
2,895
937
28,044
1,957
705
24,806
1,737
596
1998
 
99
....................
17,611
2,323
810
24,794
2,633
921
27,418
1,681
696
24,933
1,943
515
1999
 
2000
................
18,441
2,168
851
25,247
2,573
984
27,635
1,627
693
25,598
1,996
595
NOTE:
Political
science
and
government
excludes
degrees
in
public
administration
and
international
relations.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
301.
 
Earned
degrees
in
visual
and
performing
arts
conferred
by
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
level
of
degree
and
sex
of
student:
1970
 
71
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Bachelor's
degrees
Master's
degrees
Doctor's
degrees
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
Total
Men
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1970
 
71
...............
30,394
12,256
18,138
6,675
3,510
3,165
621
483
138
1974
 
75
...............
40,782
15,532
25,250
8,362
4,448
3,914
649
446
203
1975
 
76
...............
42,138
16,491
25,647
8,817
4,507
4,310
620
447
173
1976
 
77
...............
41,793
16,166
25,627
8,636
4,211
4,425
662
447
215
1977
 
78
...............
40,951
15,572
25,379
9,036
4,327
4,709
708
448
260
1978
 
79
...............
40,969
15,380
25,589
8,524
3,933
4,591
700
454
246
1979
 
80
...............
40,892
15,065
25,827
8,708
4,067
4,641
655
413
242
1980
 
81
...............
40,479
14,798
25,681
8,629
4,056
4,573
654
396
258
1981
 
82
...............
40,422
14,819
25,603
8,746
3,866
4,880
670
380
290
1982
 
83
...............
39,794
14,690
25,104
8,763
4,013
4,750
692
404
288
1983
 
84
...............
40,131
15,089
25,042
8,526
3,897
4,629
730
406
324
1984
 
85
...............
38,140
14,462
23,678
8,718
3,894
4,824
696
407
289
1985
 
86
...............
37,241
14,236
23,005
8,420
3,775
4,645
722
396
326
1986
 
87
...............
36,615
13,751
22,864
8,508
3,756
4,752
793
447
346
1987
 
88
...............
36,944
14,068
22,876
7,939
3,442
4,497
727
424
303
1988
 
89
...............
38,227
14,539
23,688
8,267
3,611
4,656
753
446
307
1989
 
90
...............
39,934
15,189
24,745
8,481
3,706
4,775
849
472
377
1990
 
91
...............
42,186
15,761
26,425
8,657
3,830
4,827
838
466
372
1991
 
92
...............
46,522
17,616
28,906
9,353
4,078
5,275
906
504
402
1992
 
93
...............
47,761
18,610
29,151
9,440
4,099
5,341
882
478
404
1993
 
94
...............
49,053
19,538
29,515
9,925
4,229
5,696
1,054
585
469
1994
 
95
...............
48,690
19,781
28,909
10,277
4,374
5,903
1,080
545
535
1995
 
96
...............
49,296
20,126
29,170
10,280
4,361
5,919
1,067
524
543
1996
 
97
...............
50,083
20,729
29,354
10,627
4,470
6,157
1,060
525
535
1997
 
98
...............
52,077
21,483
30,594
11,145
4,596
6,549
1,163
566
597
1998
 
99
...............
54,404
22,281
32,123
10,753
4,543
6,210
1,130
574
556
1999
 
2000
...........
58,791
24,003
34,788
10,918
4,672
6,246
1,127
537
590
NOTE:
Prior
to
1982
 
83:
Includes
visual
and
performing
arts,
general;
crafts,
folk
art,
and
artisanry;
dance;
design
and
applied
art;
theatre
arts;
film
and
photographic
arts;
fine
arts;
graphic
arts
technology;
music;
and
precision
production.
From
1982
 
83:
Includes
visual
and
performing
arts,
general;
crafts,
folk
art,
and
artisanry;
dance;
design
and
applied
art;
theatre
arts
and
stagecraft;
film/
video
and
photographic
arts;
fine
arts
and
art
studies;
music;
and
visual
and
performing
arts,
other.
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''
surveys,
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
349
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
302.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees,
by
field
of
study:
1998
 
99
Item
All
fields
Field
of
study
Education
Engineering
Humanities
Life
sciences
Physical
sciences
1
Business
and
management
Social
sciences
and
psychology
Other
professional
fields
Total
Mathematics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
(
number)
.....
41,140
6,557
5,337
5,468
8,126
6,324
1,085
1,104
7,036
1,160
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................................................
57.3
35.8
85.1
51.1
55.3
76.6
74.4
68.9
45.5
49.8
Women
.......................................................
42.7
64.2
14.9
48.9
44.7
23.4
25.6
31.1
54.5
50.2
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
2
American
Indian
..........................................
0.7
1.1
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.7
1.1
1.3
Asian
...........................................................
8.6
3.1
18.4
4.8
13.4
11.6
9.9
8.4
5.4
6.7
Black
...........................................................
5.9
11.7
3.4
4.2
3.6
2.9
2.0
7.7
6.0
10.2
Hispanic
......................................................
4.2
4.8
2.9
4.7
4.0
2.8
2.5
2.1
5.4
4.6
White
...........................................................
80.6
79.3
74.9
85.8
78.5
82.2
85.3
81.1
82.0
77.3
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............................................
67.1
82.8
46.4
78.0
63.0
54.4
49.6
63.0
76.1
71.8
Non­
U.
S.,
permanent
visa
..........................
5.6
2.7
7.5
5.7
7.4
6.8
6.2
5.9
3.7
4.5
Non­
U.
S.,
temporary
visa
...........................
22.0
7.9
41.1
11.7
26.0
33.9
40.9
26.2
13.8
17.3
Unknown
.....................................................
5.2
6.5
5.1
4.6
3.6
4.8
3.3
4.9
6.5
6.4
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
.....................
33.8
44.3
31.4
35.1
32.1
30.7
30.6
36.1
33.2
39.1
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
..............................
51.4
34.8
71.2
48.2
47.0
62.7
68.1
34.1
55.8
29.4
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
................................................
10.4
19.9
8.7
11.7
9.0
8.0
8.0
12.9
9.9
15.0
Registered
time
.......................................
7.3
8.2
6.6
8.9
7.0
6.8
6.9
7.8
7.5
8.4
Postdoctoral
plans
(
percent)
Postdoctoral
study
plans
............................
25.9
5.8
21.1
8.2
56.1
40.1
31.6
3.4
21.4
6.5
Fellowship
...............................................
13.2
1.6
6.6
4.3
31.2
17.9
15.2
0.9
14.6
2.8
Research
associateship
..........................
9.3
1.7
12.7
1.2
17.1
20.1
13.5
1.1
4.0
1.5
Traineeship
.............................................
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.6
1.2
0.5
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.3
Other
.......................................................
2.7
1.9
1.0
2.1
6.6
1.7
2.5
1.0
1.8
1.8
Postdoctoral
employment
...........................
63.2
81.5
69.2
80.6
35.5
50.1
59.4
85.1
65.7
79.6
Educational
institution3
...........................
34.7
64.5
11.7
62.6
15.9
15.9
33.0
65.7
34.0
49.7
Industry,
business
...................................
17.5
6.0
48.6
7.5
10.5
27.6
19.8
13.9
13.4
10.6
Government
............................................
4.6
4.1
6.1
1.5
4.6
3.9
2.3
2.2
7.1
5.0
Nonprofit
organization
.............................
3.2
3.5
1.0
4.0
2.3
0.8
0.9
1.4
6.5
10.0
Other
and
unknown
................................
3.1
3.4
1.9
5.0
2.1
1.9
3.3
2.1
4.6
4.2
Postdoctoral
plans
unknown
......................
10.9
12.7
9.7
11.2
8.4
9.8
9.0
11.4
12.9
14.0
Primary
postdoctoral
activity
(
percent)
4
Research
and
development
.......................
31.3
6.6
70.4
7.2
44.7
57.0
38.1
31.9
29.3
13.0
Teaching
.....................................................
37.9
40.2
10.6
75.3
29.0
25.3
47.6
51.0
32.1
53.7
Administration
.............................................
12.3
37.9
2.3
5.3
6.0
2.4
0.9
5.6
6.5
10.9
Professional
services
..................................
13.0
10.7
10.5
6.2
13.9
8.5
6.9
7.4
27.2
16.0
Other
...........................................................
3.2
1.7
4.3
3.2
3.5
4.2
2.2
2.5
3.2
3.6
Activity
unknown
.........................................
2.4
2.8
1.9
2.5
2.8
2.6
4.3
1.7
1.7
2.9
Region
of
employment
after
doctorate
(
percent)
4
New
England
..............................................
6.4
4.1
6.6
8.0
7.1
7.7
5.4
6.3
7.1
4.4
Middle
Atlantic
............................................
14.2
13.2
15.0
14.5
9.8
16.8
17.6
14.3
15.8
12.9
East
North
Central
......................................
13.9
15.8
13.0
16.0
11.0
12.4
15.4
15.0
13.2
13.5
West
North
Central
.....................................
6.7
8.7
4.1
7.9
8.1
4.7
7.0
4.7
6.1
6.5
South
Atlantic
.............................................
16.8
19.5
12.4
14.2
18.1
14.1
13.7
17.8
19.5
18.9
East
South
Central
.....................................
4.7
6.5
2.9
5.7
4.3
3.1
3.0
6.8
3.8
6.1
West
South
Central
....................................
8.8
9.9
9.3
8.6
7.2
9.1
9.3
11.3
7.2
8.6
Mountain
.....................................................
5.2
6.2
5.5
4.5
4.7
5.4
5.7
3.6
5.2
4.8
Pacific
and
insular
......................................
13.6
10.7
20.5
11.6
13.7
17.9
12.8
7.7
12.0
11.4
U.
S.,
region
unknown
.................................
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Foreign
........................................................
9.4
5.2
10.5
8.6
15.7
8.6
9.8
12.0
9.9
12.6
Region
unknown
.........................................
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.3
1
Includes
mathematics,
computer
science,
physics
and
astronomy,
chemistry,
and
earth,
atmospheric,
and
marine
sciences.
2
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
3
Includes
2­
year,
4­
year,
and
foreign
colleges
and
universities,
medical
schools,
and
elementary/
secondary
schools.
4
Includes
only
recipients
with
definite
employment
plans.

NOTE:
The
above
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
The
major
differences
are
that
history
is
included
under
humanities
rather
than
social
sciences
and
that
psychology
is
included
under
social
sciences.
Includes
Ph.
D.,
Ed.
D.,
and
comparable
degrees
at
the
doctoral
level.
Excludes
first­
professional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.,
D.
D.
S.,
and
D.
V.
M.
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
The
above
tabulation
excludes
some
non­
research
doctorate
degrees
such
as
doctor's
degrees
in
theology.
Total
includes
a
small
number
of
graduates
not
reported
by
field
of
study.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Summary
Report
1999:
Doctorate
Recipients
from
United
States
Universities.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
350
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
303.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
education:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
7,576
7,489
6,649
6,362
6,281
6,510
6,454
6,677
6,689
6,708
6,649
6,772
6,497
6,559
6,557
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
55.5
52.8
45.6
44.8
42.5
42.4
41.9
40.5
41.3
39.1
38.4
38.3
36.7
37.0
35.8
Women
........................
44.5
47.2
54.4
55.2
57.5
57.6
58.1
59.5
58.7
60.9
61.6
61.7
63.3
63.0
64.2
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.7
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.1
Asian
...........................
1.3
1.9
1.6
2.4
1.9
1.8
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.1
Black
...........................
9.1
9.1
8.1
7.6
8.1
8.2
7.9
8.4
9.4
8.6
10.4
10.1
10.2
11.6
11.7
Hispanic
......................
2.4
2.5
3.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.7
4.0
4.4
3.6
4.6
5.1
4.8
White
...........................
86.3
85.9
86.1
86.4
86.5
86.0
85.6
84.8
83.7
83.9
81.6
82.2
81.1
79.1
79.3
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
88.7
87.7
84.7
83.1
82.9
84.4
84.8
86.8
86.4
87.4
86.8
86.6
82.6
84.3
82.8
Foreign
........................
8.2
8.8
9.6
10.2
9.7
9.7
10.2
10.7
10.8
11.0
11.0
9.9
8.2
9.1
10.6
Unknown
.....................
3.1
3.6
5.6
6.7
7.4
5.8
5.0
2.4
2.7
1.6
2.3
3.4
9.3
6.6
6.5
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
37.0
37.3
39.4
40.5
41.1
41.6
42.1
42.7
43.0
43.6
43.8
44.3
44.0
44.3
44.3
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
39.0
38.9
39.0
36.9
38.5
37.5
39.3
38.7
37.4
36.9
37.0
36.1
34.1
35.0
34.8
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
13.1
13.5
15.7
16.9
17.3
17.9
18.4
18.9
19.2
19.7
19.9
20.2
20.0
20.0
19.9
Registered
time
...........
6.9
7.0
7.8
8.1
8.2
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.2
8.1
8.2
8.2
8.4
8.4
8.2
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)

Table
304.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
engineering:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
2,479
2,528
3,376
4,187
4,543
4,894
5,214
5,438
5,698
5,822
6,008
6,305
6,052
5,919
5,337
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
96.4
96.1
93.3
93.2
91.8
91.5
91.3
90.7
90.9
89.1
88.4
87.7
87.6
86.9
85.1
Women
........................
3.6
3.9
6.7
6.8
8.2
8.5
8.7
9.3
9.1
10.9
11.6
12.3
12.4
13.1
14.9
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Asian
...........................
18.9
20.0
15.6
16.0
16.6
15.3
17.4
18.2
19.7
28.8
31.5
26.8
22.3
19.0
18.4
Black
...........................
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.8
2.4
1.9
1.9
1.8
2.2
2.2
3.1
2.9
3.4
Hispanic
......................
1.9
1.0
2.1
3.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
3.0
2.4
2.2
2.4
2.9
2.8
3.8
2.9
White
...........................
77.8
77.3
80.6
79.4
79.5
80.4
77.4
76.5
75.9
67.0
63.7
67.6
71.5
73.9
74.9
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
50.6
46.2
40.8
42.4
40.9
39.4
37.9
38.7
39.1
38.0
39.7
41.1
44.3
43.0
46.4
Foreign
........................
46.3
49.1
50.8
49.8
50.4
52.5
54.7
57.8
57.1
60.0
57.9
55.7
49.5
48.5
48.6
Unknown
.....................
3.1
4.7
8.4
7.7
8.8
8.1
7.3
3.5
3.9
2.1
2.5
3.3
6.2
8.5
5.1
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
30.3
30.5
31.0
31.0
31.1
31.2
31.4
31.5
31.6
31.7
31.7
31.7
31.3
31.6
31.4
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
75.2
74.1
73.0
76.4
76.2
76.9
79.0
81.8
80.1
80.4
79.1
80.2
75.9
71.0
71.2
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
7.6
7.9
8.1
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.5
8.7
8.8
9.0
9.1
9.0
8.7
8.9
8.7
Registered
time
...........
5.6
5.6
5.9
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.5
6.7
6.6
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
351
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
305.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
humanities:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
3,863
3,745
3,461
3,555
3,552
3,822
4,099
4,444
4,482
4,744
5,061
5,116
5,387
5,499
5,468
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
60.4
58.7
54.8
55.7
54.5
54.4
53.5
53.7
52.5
52.3
51.7
50.3
51.9
51.3
51.1
Women
........................
39.6
41.3
45.2
44.3
45.5
45.6
46.5
46.3
47.5
47.7
48.3
49.7
48.1
48.7
48.9
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
Asian
...........................
2.0
1.8
1.8
2.3
3.0
2.4
2.5
3.0
3.6
4.6
5.1
5.1
4.8
4.9
4.8
Black
...........................
3.0
2.9
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.3
3.0
2.7
3.0
2.9
2.9
3.1
3.5
3.6
4.2
Hispanic
......................
3.0
3.2
3.5
3.9
3.8
4.2
4.3
3.9
4.2
4.4
3.8
4.3
4.8
4.5
4.7
White
...........................
91.6
91.7
91.6
90.5
90.2
90.9
89.9
89.9
88.9
87.5
87.8
87.0
86.4
86.4
85.8
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
87.3
85.7
78.8
78.4
76.4
78.3
77.0
77.7
78.3
78.3
78.6
77.4
76.5
77.1
78.0
Foreign
........................
8.8
10.2
13.7
14.4
15.5
15.2
18.3
19.2
18.7
19.9
19.4
19.6
16.1
15.9
17.4
Unknown
.....................
3.9
4.1
7.4
7.1
8.1
6.5
4.7
3.2
3.0
1.8
1.9
3.0
7.4
7.0
4.6
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
33.4
33.5
35.0
35.4
35.7
35.7
35.8
35.6
35.6
35.7
35.4
35.2
35.2
35.1
35.1
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
64.2
61.0
58.2
56.7
55.5
57.1
57.7
56.5
56.4
57.4
56.6
55.8
46.1
46.9
48.2
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
10.6
10.8
12.1
12.2
12.5
12.2
12.3
12.0
11.9
12.0
12.0
11.8
11.7
11.6
11.7
Registered
time
...........
7.7
7.7
8.2
8.5
8.4
8.3
8.4
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.4
8.3
8.6
8.7
8.9
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
based
on
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
The
major
differences
are
that
history
is
included
under
humanities
rather
than
social
sciences
and
that
psychology
is
included
under
social
sciences.
Includes
American
studies,
archeology
art
history,
classics,
comparative
literature,
history,
letters,
linguistics,
music,
philosophy
religion,
speech
and
rhetorical
studies,
and
theatre.
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)

Table
306.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
life
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
5,325
5,461
5,734
6,164
6,342
6,605
6,933
7,115
7,395
7,739
7,918
8,255
8,213
8,540
8,126
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
74.8
73.6
66.0
63.2
61.8
62.6
61.4
60.7
58.3
58.4
57.9
56.5
55.0
54.5
55.3
Women
........................
25.2
26.4
34.0
36.8
38.2
37.4
38.6
39.3
41.7
41.6
42.1
43.5
45.0
45.5
44.7
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.5
Asian
...........................
5.3
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.3
5.6
6.6
7.1
8.7
15.7
18.5
17.9
15.3
13.6
13.4
Black
...........................
1.6
1.9
1.9
2.2
2.1
1.9
2.4
2.3
2.9
2.6
3.1
2.9
3.4
3.3
3.6
Hispanic
......................
1.1
1.4
2.1
2.3
2.1
2.7
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.0
3.1
3.5
4.1
4.0
White
...........................
91.8
91.7
90.5
90.0
90.1
89.6
88.0
87.3
85.1
78.2
74.9
75.5
77.5
78.5
78.5
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
80.4
80.3
75.9
71.3
71.1
68.0
66.8
65.7
65.3
64.0
63.1
60.7
62.0
61.9
63.0
Foreign
........................
17.6
17.1
18.8
22.2
22.1
26.3
29.1
31.8
32.6
34.9
35.2
37.0
31.7
31.4
33.4
Unknown
.....................
2.0
2.6
5.3
6.4
6.9
5.6
4.0
2.5
2.2
1.1
1.7
2.2
6.3
6.7
3.6
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
30.0
30.1
31.6
31.9
32.2
32.3
32.4
32.7
32.5
32.7
32.4
32.5
32.3
32.3
32.1
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
40.9
40.7
57.1
55.4
53.4
53.8
54.1
53.5
51.9
51.0
50.8
49.2
46.9
48.9
47.0
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
7.3
7.3
8.7
8.9
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.4
9.4
9.5
9.5
9.6
9.2
9.1
9.0
Registered
time
...........
5.8
5.9
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
Includes
agricultural,
biological
and
health
sciences.
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
352
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
307.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
physical
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
3,151
3,208
3,679
4,045
3,984
4,262
4,441
4,575
4,470
4,799
4,618
4,632
4,573
4,639
4,389
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
87.7
88.7
83.6
82.6
80.9
81.2
81.0
79.1
78.9
79.0
77.3
78.1
77.2
75.2
76.2
Women
........................
12.3
11.3
16.4
17.4
19.2
18.8
19.0
20.9
21.1
21.0
22.7
21.9
22.8
24.8
23.8
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
Asian
...........................
7.7
6.9
7.1
5.7
6.7
6.6
6.6
8.9
10.2
20.8
25.3
18.9
16.1
13.2
10.8
Black
...........................
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.0
1.2
1.1
1.6
1.6
1.4
2.1
2.0
2.2
2.9
Hispanic
......................
1.1
1.3
2.1
2.6
2.6
3.1
2.9
3.2
3.4
2.6
2.5
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.8
White
...........................
90.0
90.5
89.5
90.1
88.8
89.3
88.8
86.4
84.5
74.8
70.6
76.0
78.9
81.8
82.8
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
75.9
75.4
66.1
64.3
62.5
61.0
59.3
57.9
57.1
56.3
56.7
54.7
57.5
56.5
56.8
Foreign
........................
21.6
21.3
27.8
28.8
29.8
32.4
35.9
39.6
39.7
41.7
41.7
41.8
36.3
36.4
37.9
Unknown
.....................
2.4
3.3
6.1
6.9
7.8
6.7
4.8
2.5
3.2
2.1
1.8
3.5
6.2
7.1
5.3
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
29.1
29.0
29.9
30.1
30.0
30.7
30.2
30.3
30.6
30.7
30.7
30.8
30.4
30.2
30.6
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
76.5
76.6
73.4
72.6
72.6
80.0
76.9
74.5
72.9
73.0
70.8
69.6
65.4
66.8
66.7
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
6.8
6.7
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.8
7.5
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.1
8.0
7.5
7.5
7.6
Registered
time
...........
5.7
5.7
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.3
6.2
6.4
6.4
6.6
6.8
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.6
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
Includes
physics,
astronomy
chemistry,
and
earth,
atmospheric,
and
marine
sciences.
Excludes
mathematics
and
computer
science.
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)

Table
308.
 
Statistical
profile
of
persons
receiving
doctor's
degrees
in
the
social
sciences:
1979
 
80
to
1998
 
99
Item
1979
 
80
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Number
of
doctorates
...
6,253
6,505
5,893
5,781
5,961
6,093
6,152
6,216
6,545
6,613
6,635
6,814
6,917
7,075
7,036
Sex
(
percent)
Men
.............................
65.4
64.4
57.6
55.0
54.8
53.7
50.6
52.6
50.7
50.6
49.2
48.4
47.3
45.5
45.5
Women
........................
34.6
35.6
42.4
45.0
45.2
46.3
49.4
47.4
49.3
49.4
50.8
51.6
52.7
54.5
54.5
Racial/
ethnic
group
(
percent)
American
Indian
..........
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.8
1.1
Asian
...........................
2.8
2.5
2.6
3.3
3.1
3.0
3.3
3.6
4.0
6.1
7.3
6.4
6.2
5.5
5.4
Black
...........................
4.2
4.0
4.1
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.9
4.5
4.7
4.7
5.2
5.0
5.5
5.6
6.0
Hispanic
......................
2.0
2.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.9
4.2
3.8
4.1
3.6
4.2
4.6
4.8
5.8
5.4
White
...........................
90.7
91.0
89.7
88.8
88.7
88.2
87.2
87.7
86.9
85.0
82.8
83.3
82.9
82.4
82.0
Citizenship
(
percent)
United
States
..............
84.7
84.0
77.9
74.8
70.4
73.8
73.4
74.3
75.5
75.5
76.0
76.2
72.5
75.1
76.1
Foreign
........................
11.6
11.9
15.3
16.1
17.3
18.0
19.8
21.2
21.3
21.7
21.4
20.7
17.8
17.1
17.5
Unknown
.....................
3.7
4.2
6.9
9.1
12.2
8.2
6.8
4.4
3.1
2.8
2.6
3.1
9.7
7.8
6.5
Median
age
at
doctorate
(
years)
..........................
31.6
32.0
33.4
34.1
33.9
34.2
34.1
34.3
34.3
34.1
34.1
33.7
33.4
33.2
33.2
Percent
with
bachelor's
degree
in
same
field
as
doctorate
........
58.6
59.1
57.0
54.5
52.3
55.4
54.2
53.1
53.7
53.2
52.2
53.4
55.2
56.2
55.8
Median
time
lapse
from
bachelor's
to
doctorate
(
years)
Total
time
....................
8.7
9.0
10.0
10.5
10.3
10.6
10.5
10.6
10.4
10.5
10.5
10.3
10.0
9.9
9.9
Registered
time
...........
6.4
6.5
7.2
7.4
7.4
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.5
7.5
7.5
NOTE:
Longitudinal
comparisons
by
race/
ethnicity
should
be
done
with
extreme
care,
due
to
periodic
changes
in
the
survey.
In
particular,
large
numbers
of
Asians
converted
from
temporary
visas
to
permanent
visas
in
the
mid
1990s.
Distribution
by
race/
ethnicity
based
on
U.
S.
citizens
and
those
with
permanent
visas
only.
The
National
Research
Council's
classification
of
degrees
by
field
differs
somewhat
from
that
in
most
publications
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES).
The
major
differences
are
that
history
is
included
under
humanities
rather
than
social
sciences
and
that
psychology
is
included
under
social
sciences.
Includes
anthropology,
area
studies,
criminology,
demographic
population
studies,
economics,
econometrics,
geography,
international
relations
affairs,
political
science,
public
policy,
psychology,
sociology,
statistics,
and
urban
affairs/
studies.
The
number
of
degrees
also
differs
slightly
from
that
reported
in
the
NCES
``
Completions''
survey.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Academy
of
Sciences,
National
Research
Council,
Office
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Personnel,
Doctorate
Records
File.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
353
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
DEGREES
Table
309.
 
Doctor's
degrees
conferred
by
60
large
degree­
granting
institutions:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
Institution
Rank
order
1
Total,
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States,
all
institutions
..............................
(
2)
435,139
39,294
40,659
42,132
43,185
44,446
44,652
45,876
46,010
44,077
44,808
Total,
60
large
institutions
............................................
(
2)
243,044
22,954
23,502
24,105
24,683
24,995
24,852
25,070
25,275
23,687
23,921
University
of
California,
Berkeley
..........................................
1
7,893
800
798
810
896
828
770
759
756
720
756
University
of
Wisconsin,
Madison
.........................................
2
7,313
708
680
676
783
758
753
782
757
687
729
The
University
of
Texas
at
Austin
.........................................
3
7,287
710
671
686
714
727
744
786
836
754
659
University
of
Illinois
at
Urbana
..............................................
4
7,026
737
775
705
666
761
698
735
706
646
597
University
of
Minnesota,
Twin
Cities
.....................................
5
6,834
706
651
627
707
685
763
704
729
658
604
Ohio
State
University,
Main
Campus
....................................
6
6,664
644
671
685
710
699
717
721
636
561
620
University
of
Michigan,
Ann
Arbor
........................................
7
6,649
661
676
654
649
714
691
635
690
650
629
University
of
California,
Los
Angeles
....................................
8
6,140
558
613
657
620
663
611
616
607
589
606
Harvard
University
.................................................................
9
5,811
505
501
540
538
556
528
623
803
615
602
Stanford
University
................................................................
10
5,732
487
569
581
560
574
585
607
606
574
589
Columbia
University
in
the
City
of
New
York
.......................
11
5,653
802
630
687
644
660
404
482
469
414
461
Pennsylvania
State
University,
Main
Campus
......................
12
5,246
463
541
495
507
563
510
523
571
560
513
Texas
A
&
M
University
........................................................
13
5,188
446
472
496
579
564
574
541
525
501
490
Cornell
University
3
................................................................
14
5,110
531
540
520
593
525
516
485
474
485
441
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
.................................
15
5,105
497
514
516
508
521
554
514
520
486
475
University
of
Maryland,
College
Park
Campus
.....................
16
4,864
453
506
490
528
480
466
505
474
501
461
Purdue
University,
Main
Campus
.........................................
17
4,860
430
478
504
493
509
508
478
496
496
468
University
of
Washington
......................................................
18
4,714
459
396
416
455
482
495
526
479
520
486
Nova
Southeastern
University
..............................................
19
4,639
290
336
433
485
450
447
534
540
537
587
University
of
Pennsylvania
....................................................
20
4,635
495
477
506
488
539
447
440
436
380
427
University
of
Southern
California
..........................................
21
4,602
359
355
415
415
539
539
448
515
536
481
Michigan
State
University
.....................................................
22
4,316
397
476
401
429
419
484
411
451
404
444
University
of
Florida
..............................................................
23
4,228
370
364
372
442
400
434
429
456
445
516
University
of
Arizona
.............................................................
24
4,001
382
352
373
442
396
384
445
411
411
405
Rutgers
University,
New
Brunswick
......................................
25
3,883
326
402
376
400
405
416
410
402
375
371
New
York
University
..............................................................
26
3,867
392
404
404
391
380
356
392
446
300
402
University
of
North
Carolina
at
Chapel
Hill
...........................
27
3,737
336
338
388
373
369
365
387
382
374
425
Indiana
University,
Bloomington
...........................................
28
3,692
342
398
348
348
383
374
366
361
363
409
University
of
Chicago
............................................................
29
3,634
317
322
346
395
366
381
364
368
384
391
Virginia
Polytechnic
Institute
and
State
U.
...........................
30
3,602
332
366
369
379
361
378
410
349
349
309
Yale
University
......................................................................
31
3,491
344
347
369
348
366
367
329
365
322
334
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Main
Campus
................................
32
3,479
344
343
333
334
324
358
387
380
360
316
University
of
Iowa
..................................................................
33
3,448
360
380
331
342
340
377
364
327
310
317
Northwestern
University
........................................................
34
3,425
308
351
363
305
375
359
357
377
309
321
University
of
Georgia
............................................................
35
3,423
332
331
352
309
342
343
328
369
365
352
University
of
Massachusetts,
Amherst
..................................
36
3,289
400
409
370
338
307
338
282
299
270
276
University
of
California,
Davis
...............................................
37
3,264
258
284
306
323
341
397
351
337
310
357
Johns
Hopkins
University
......................................................
38
3,160
285
297
318
262
271
321
329
360
366
351
University
of
Virginia,
Main
Campus
.....................................
39
3,143
291
291
315
294
312
325
368
302
302
343
State
University
of
New
York
at
Buffalo
...............................
40
3,067
265
290
320
345
318
346
314
295
271
303
North
Carolina
State
University
at
Raleigh
...........................
41
3,057
256
279
283
300
304
325
314
322
358
316
City
University
of
New
York
Graduate
School
and
University
Center
...........................................................
42
2,977
320
257
318
286
294
302
310
333
277
280
University
of
Colorado
at
Boulder
.........................................
43
2,923
263
249
299
306
299
297
328
309
307
266
Boston
University
..................................................................
44
2,866
258
280
271
289
315
309
276
307
287
274
Iowa
State
University
............................................................
45
2,858
297
277
322
307
318
287
255
300
257
238
Temple
University
.................................................................
46
2,800
251
282
282
287
315
281
306
285
248
263
Florida
State
University
.........................................................
47
2,794
257
286
262
274
295
273
306
305
273
263
Arizona
State
University,
Main
Campus
...............................
48
2,717
227
222
270
258
305
315
274
287
273
286
University
of
California,
San
Diego
.......................................
49
2,698
185
227
280
285
274
259
281
310
303
294
Princeton
University
..............................................................
50
2,689
244
255
249
267
300
286
296
263
250
279
University
of
South
Carolina
at
Columbia
.............................
51
2,594
248
242
281
288
237
267
274
243
268
246
University
of
Tennessee,
Knoxville
.......................................
52
2,577
214
260
249
226
257
281
295
254
255
286
State
University
of
New
York
at
Stony
Brook
.......................
53
2,537
248
225
283
268
241
261
275
265
227
244
University
of
Cincinnati,
Main
Campus
.................................
54
2,481
231
220
226
273
264
227
298
274
230
238
University
of
Missouri,
Columbia
..........................................
55
2,477
212
258
260
253
219
248
264
277
230
256
University
of
Nebraska
at
Lincoln
.........................................
56
2,412
202
212
221
227
229
261
276
282
251
251
University
of
Connecticut
......................................................
57
2,409
228
206
216
246
265
239
254
253
227
275
University
of
Kansas,
Main
Campus
.....................................
58
2,394
209
235
193
225
250
243
248
278
267
246
Wayne
State
University
.........................................................
59
2,379
290
222
299
263
220
230
239
208
186
222
Louisiana
St.
U.
and
A
&
M
and
Hebert
Laws
Center
.........
60
2,291
192
213
188
218
222
238
234
258
253
275
1
Institutions
are
ranked
by
the
total
number
of
doctor's
degrees
conferred
during
the
10­
year
period
ending
June
30,
2000.

2
Not
applicable.

3
Includes
degrees
conferred
by
the
Endowed
and
Statutory
Colleges.
NOTE:
Data
for
1998
 
99
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
354
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
OUTCOMES
Table
310.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
1980
high
school
sophomores,
by
highest
level
of
education
completed
through
1992,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1980
to
1992
Student
characteristics
All
1980
sophomores
Less
than
high
school
High
school
Certificate
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
Master's
degree
Professional
degree
Doctor's
degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
....................................................................................
100.0
5.8
51.5
11.0
7.9
20.0
2.7
0.9
0.2
Sex
Male
.........................................................................................
100.0
6.5
53.5
9.7
6.7
19.5
2.6
1.3
0.2
Female
.....................................................................................
100.0
5.0
49.5
12.4
9.1
20.5
2.8
0.5
0.1
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................................
100.0
4.9
49.1
10.1
8.4
23.1
3.2
1.0
0.2
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................................
100.0
6.9
59.6
16.3
5.2
10.0
1.5
0.5
0.2
Hispanic
...................................................................................
100.0
11.9
59.6
11.2
7.3
9.0
0.6
0.3
 
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
..............................................................
100.0
0.6
40.9
6.9
6.2
32.7
4.7
7.5
0.7
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
..............................................
100.0
17.8
58.2
11.8
5.0
6.7
0.5
 
 
Socioeconomic
status
(
1980)
Low
quartile
.............................................................................
100.0
9.0
64.6
12.3
6.9
6.4
0.7
0.1
 
Middle
two
quartiles
.................................................................
100.0
3.9
53.8
11.5
9.1
19.0
2.0
0.5
0.1
High
quartile
.............................................................................
100.0
1.4
32.7
7.0
7.6
41.2
6.9
2.7
0.5
Test
score
composite
(
1982)
Low
quartile
.............................................................................
100.0
15.6
64.0
13.0
4.1
3.0
0.2
 
0.1
Middle
two
quartiles
.................................................................
100.0
3.1
56.2
12.8
10.1
16.1
1.5
0.3
 
High
quartile
.............................................................................
100.0
0.1
26.5
4.8
7.2
49.2
8.7
3.0
0.6
Parents'
educational
attainment
in
1980
No
high
school
diploma
...........................................................
100.0
6.5
59.8
12.8
8.6
10.8
1.2
0.3
0.1
High
school
graduate
...............................................................
100.0
5.2
59.1
12.4
6.0
16.6
0.3
0.4
 
Vocational/
technical
.................................................................
100.0
3.0
49.2
15.4
10.2
19.1
2.4
0.5
0.1
Some
college
...........................................................................
100.0
2.1
43.7
8.4
8.4
32.0
4.3
1.0
0.2
Bachelor's
degree
....................................................................
100.0
1.4
32.6
4.9
8.1
42.4
6.9
3.1
0.5
Advanced
degree
.....................................................................
100.0
3.5
23.9
8.6
4.9
44.1
10.0
4.3
0.7
High
school
diploma
status
Regular
diploma
in
1982
.........................................................
100.0
0.3
51.9
10.8
8.7
23.9
3.2
1.1
0.2
Returned
for
diploma
...............................................................
100.0
6.8
68.3
14.4
7.0
3.4
0.1
0.1
 
Returned
but
no
diploma
.........................................................
100.0
27.1
47.7
19.9
3.4
1.9
 
 
 
Never
returned
.........................................................................
100.0
51.5
35.7
9.5
2.1
0.9
0.3
 
 
Postsecondary
expectations
in
1982
None
........................................................................................
100.0
15.5
71.1
9.3
3.0
1.0
0.1
 
0.1
Vocational/
technical
.................................................................
100.0
4.6
61.6
19.8
10.7
3.3
0.1
 
 
Less­
than­
4­
year
degree
.........................................................
100.0
1.6
53.2
13.3
15.6
15.0
1.1
0.2
 
Bachelor's
degree
....................................................................
100.0
0.9
35.3
6.8
6.3
44.9
5.0
0.8
0.1
Advanced
degree
.....................................................................
100.0
0.8
28.9
5.2
5.7
45.1
9.0
4.4
0.8
Type
of
start
in
postsecondary
education
Fall
1982
full­
time
4­
year
.........................................................
100.0
 
21.2
3.5
4.6
57.8
9.0
3.4
0.5
Fall
1982
full­
time
public
2­
year
..............................................
100.0
0.3
36.5
11.9
24.4
24.6
2.1
0.2
 
Fall
1982
part­
time
4­
year
.......................................................
100.0
 
52.2
6.7
10.0
27.2
3.5
0.1
0.4
Fall
1982
part­
time
public
2­
year
.............................................
100.0
1.6
59.5
13.4
9.4
14.4
0.9
0.8
 
Fall
1982
other
.........................................................................
100.0
0.2
23.0
34.3
24.5
15.7
1.9
0.4
 
Delayed
4­
year
........................................................................
100.0
0.4
55.6
8.1
7.4
24.0
3.7
0.4
0.4
Delayed
public
2­
year
..............................................................
100.0
1.7
63.0
16.9
12.0
6.2
0.2
 
 
Delayed
other
..........................................................................
100.0
1.9
31.4
48.4
14.4
3.8
0.1
0.1
 
Other
enrollment
......................................................................
100.0
 
 
86.5
5.1
6.0
1.1
0.4
0.8
Never
enrolled
.........................................................................
100.0
16.1
83.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
High
School
and
Beyond,
Educational
Attainment
of
High
School
Sophomores
by
1992.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1995.)
355
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
OUTCOMES
Table
311.
 
Mean
number
of
semester
credits
completed
by
bachelor's
degree
recipients,
by
major
and
course
area:
1976,
1984,
and
1992
 
93
Selected
college
majors
Course
areas
Total
Business
Computer
science
Education
Engineering
Mathematics
Biological
sciences
Physical
sciences
Social
sciences
and
psychology
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1972
high
school
seniors
who
completed
bachelor's
degrees
by
1976
Mean,
all
majors
......................
124.0
7.8
1.0
9.7
2.3
7.4
7.6
9.0
30.3
48.8
Business
and
management
..........
124.4
41.2
2.3
0.5
0.4
10.2
2.5
4.8
30.4
32.0
Computer
science
.........................
133.3
6.6
33.5
0.4
5.3
22.4
1.9
7.8
20.6
34.8
Education
......................................
126.4
0.9
0.3
40.2
 
5.0
5.5
4.3
23.9
46.4
Engineering
...................................
134.8
1.6
2.0
0.1
50.0
18.2
1.3
20.5
14.0
27.1
English
..........................................
117.8
0.5
0.1
7.8
0.1
3.2
3.4
3.4
24.2
75.2
Fine
arts
........................................
124.9
0.3
0.1
6.6
 
1.3
2.5
2.1
13.6
98.4
Life
sciences
.................................
122.2
0.4
0.8
1.7
 
8.4
35.6
26.2
17.8
31.3
Physical
sciences
.........................
122.7
0.8
1.4
0.9
1.9
16.2
9.6
49.5
13.1
29.2
Psychology
...................................
119.1
2.0
0.5
5.9
0.3
5.5
6.2
5.9
56.0
36.9
Social
sciences
.............................
120.6
3.4
0.4
3.3
0.4
5.3
3.2
4.3
60.3
40.1
1980
high
school
seniors
who
completed
bachelor's
degrees
by
1984
Mean,
all
majors
......................
123.5
12.8
3.3
6.2
4.6
8.4
5.3
8.1
27.5
47.2
Business
and
management
..........
122.8
41.2
4.5
0.6
1.1
8.9
2.2
3.9
27.5
32.7
Computer
science
.........................
129.3
11.8
27.9
0.3
4.7
21.3
1.8
8.5
19.0
33.9
Education
......................................
127.4
0.7
0.3
45.5
0.1
4.4
4.4
3.8
20.8
47.3
Engineering
...................................
132.3
1.0
2.3
0.8
52.5
16.2
1.1
20.2
12.3
25.9
English
..........................................
114.8
1.7
1.5
6.9
 
2.2
2.1
4.7
21.4
74.4
Fine
arts
........................................
120.5
1.7
0.6
5.1
 
1.7
2.7
1.5
14.1
93.1
Life
sciences
.................................
121.9
0.7
1.5
1.9
0.2
10.1
33.5
22.6
18.1
33.3
Physical
sciences
.........................
124.3
0.2
4.9
0.1
2.0
14.1
12.9
48.7
11.6
30.0
Psychology
...................................
120.7
3.0
2.7
2.1
 
6.5
5.8
4.2
55.2
41.2
Social
sciences
.............................
119.2
6.0
1.4
1.0
0.5
5.4
4.4
5.1
52.0
43.3
1988
 
89
high
school
seniors
who
completed
bachelor's
degrees
by
1993
Mean,
all
majors
......................
126.5
12.8
3.0
5.7
3.2
7.3
6.0
7.6
29.5
51.7
Business
and
management
..........
123.9
44.4
3.9
0.9
0.1
7.6
2.6
3.3
23.1
37.9
Computer
science
.........................
127.6
15.7
34.3
0.4
2.4
15.7
1.7
6.4
17.6
33.5
Education
......................................
126.8
1.6
1.5
32.6
 
5.9
4.7
4.4
24.5
51.6
Engineering
...................................
136.9
1.4
7.0
0.6
57.9
16.7
1.4
19.0
12.2
20.8
English
..........................................
127.5
1.8
1.0
3.0
0.1
4.0
3.5
3.8
22.7
87.5
Fine
arts
........................................
129.6
1.8
1.3
2.2
0.8
3.1
2.4
2.6
19.8
95.7
Life
sciences
.................................
128.9
1.1
1.4
2.1
1.0
8.0
33.8
23.3
20.7
37.5
Physical
sciences
.........................
129.1
1.1
2.7
1.1
2.3
15.0
7.5
49.3
16.9
33.2
Psychology
...................................
125.3
3.8
1.2
3.6
0.1
5.0
4.9
4.5
53.6
48.6
Social
sciences
.............................
125.5
6.2
1.2
1.8
0.1
4.8
2.9
5.1
55.7
47.6
All
bachelor's
degree
recipients
of
1992
 
93
Mean,
all
majors
......................
132.2
14.6
3.7
7.2
5.4
8.3
6.0
7.8
27.3
52.0
Business
and
management
..........
129.5
46.8
4.7
0.9
0.7
8.8
2.8
3.6
23.6
37.6
Computer
science
.........................
137.0
17.4
37.1
0.4
5.0
16.7
2.5
7.5
17.3
33.0
Education
......................................
135.9
2.2
1.5
40.1
0.3
6.3
5.4
5.0
24.7
50.5
Engineering
...................................
142.1
2.1
7.1
0.3
61.3
17.8
1.3
18.1
11.4
22.8
English
..........................................
128.8
2.9
1.4
4.6
0.1
4.3
3.5
4.2
23.2
84.5
Fine
arts
........................................
133.4
2.7
2.0
3.2
0.9
3.7
2.5
4.2
19.3
94.7
Life
sciences
.................................
132.5
1.7
1.6
2.9
0.9
8.7
34.8
22.3
21.3
38.2
Physical
sciences
.........................
137.8
2.6
2.9
1.9
4.0
15.5
8.2
50.6
18.2
33.9
Psychology
...................................
129.0
4.0
1.4
4.2
0.3
5.5
5.1
4.2
52.4
52.0
Social
sciences
.............................
127.9
6.2
1.4
2.3
0.3
5.6
3.3
5.4
54.8
48.6
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
All
majors
total
includes
fields
not
shown
separately.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
1972;
High
School
and
Beyond;
and
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
1999.)
356
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
OUTCOMES
Table
312.
 
Percent
of
colleges
and
universities
using
various
selection
criteria
for
admission,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1990
 
91
to
1999
 
2000
Selection
criteria
All
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Not­
for­
profit
For­
profit
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
High
school
diploma
1990
 
91
................................................................
91.6
94.2
88.3
88.9
96.0
84.9
94.1
93.4
96.0
93.7
93.4
95.6
95.7
92.9
96.3
1995
 
96
................................................................
91.4
93.9
88.1
88.2
95.8
84.1
94.3
93.1
98.3
93.4
92.7
97.8
98.5
98.0
98.7
1997
 
98
................................................................
92.3
94.6
89.7
88.2
96.5
83.8
95.6
93.9
99.4
94.2
93.6
98.9
98.9
96.5
99.6
1998
 
99
................................................................
92.4
94.9
89.4
88.2
97.0
83.6
95.6
94.1
99.1
94.3
93.7
98.8
98.6
97.0
99.2
1999
 
2000
............................................................
92.6
95.1
89.6
88.4
97.0
83.7
95.8
94.3
99.2
94.5
94.0
98.7
98.7
96.6
99.4
High
school
class
class
standing
1990
 
91
................................................................
43.4
66.1
13.5
31.7
69.5
10.3
53.7
64.7
20.7
63.6
67.2
35.8
11.7
10.7
11.9
1995
 
96
................................................................
42.8
65.0
12.8
30.6
71.4
8.4
53.7
62.4
24.0
63.0
66.6
37.5
11.8
8.8
13.2
1997
 
98
................................................................
38.5
63.3
10.0
28.8
69.9
7.4
46.2
60.6
14.5
62.1
66.3
31.6
8.5
9.8
8.1
1998
 
99
................................................................
38.1
62.5
9.1
28.2
68.9
6.6
45.7
60.0
13.4
62.4
66.5
29.9
8.2
9.6
7.7
1999
 
2000
............................................................
37.6
61.7
8.6
28.1
68.4
6.4
44.8
59.2
12.3
62.6
66.1
32.0
6.8
7.9
6.4
Admissions
test
scores
1990
 
91
................................................................
68.8
86.5
45.6
59.2
93.1
40.0
77.3
83.7
58.3
82.6
85.4
61.0
54.9
46.4
56.7
1995
 
96
................................................................
68.3
84.3
46.7
58.7
93.1
40.0
76.8
80.7
63.6
80.4
82.6
64.7
60.9
56.9
62.7
1997
 
98
................................................................
66.9
83.7
47.4
57.2
92.4
38.7
74.5
80.3
61.8
80.7
82.8
65.5
59.9
58.0
60.4
1998
 
99
................................................................
67.9
84.1
48.6
58.4
92.2
40.4
75.2
81.0
62.1
81.7
83.7
65.9
60.6
59.9
60.8
1999
 
2000
............................................................
68.1
84.3
48.8
58.3
92.8
39.8
75.6
81.0
63.6
82.2
83.7
69.3
61.5
60.7
61.8
TOEFL
or
equivalent
1990
 
91
................................................................
73.5
85.0
58.4
76.1
88.2
69.3
71.1
83.7
33.6
81.4
84.5
57.2
27.6
66.1
19.6
1995
 
96
................................................................
76.5
87.1
62.3
77.5
91.5
69.8
75.7
85.2
43.2
81.9
85.6
55.4
47.9
80.4
33.3
1997
 
98
................................................................
71.8
86.5
54.8
76.5
91.9
68.4
68.0
84.4
32.3
82.4
86.1
55.4
34.0
68.5
23.8
1998
 
99
................................................................
73.1
87.0
56.7
78.8
91.7
72.0
68.6
85.1
31.4
83.4
87.0
54.9
35.5
70.7
23.3
1999
 
2000
............................................................
73.9
88.1
57.0
80.6
95.3
72.7
68.8
85.3
31.2
83.5
86.7
55.3
37.4
75.3
24.1
Residence
1990
 
91
................................................................
10.2
8.4
12.6
20.3
24.9
17.7
1.3
1.4
0.9
1.4
1.5
1.3
0.6
0.0
0.7
1995
 
96
................................................................
10.4
8.2
13.4
20.8
25.4
18.3
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.1
0.9
1.0
0.9
1997
 
98
................................................................
9.3
8.2
10.7
19.7
25.4
16.7
1.1
1.4
0.6
1.4
1.4
1.1
0.6
1.4
0.4
1998
 
99
................................................................
8.9
7.8
10.2
19.1
24.9
16.0
0.9
1.1
0.5
1.2
1.2
0.6
0.3
0.0
0.4
1999
 
2000
............................................................
8.7
8.0
9.6
18.4
25.1
14.8
1.3
1.4
0.9
1.5
1.5
1.3
0.7
0.6
0.8
Ability
to
benefit
1990
 
91
................................................................
51.5
48.0
56.0
47.1
32.5
55.4
55.3
54.6
57.3
56.1
55.9
57.2
51.8
25.0
57.4
1995
 
96
................................................................
51.1
48.8
54.2
52.0
34.3
61.6
50.3
54.7
35.7
55.9
57.3
45.7
25.5
20.6
27.6
1997
 
98
................................................................
48.8
47.9
49.8
52.1
34.3
61.4
46.2
53.3
30.7
55.5
57.4
41.8
24.2
16.1
26.7
1998
 
99
................................................................
48.7
48.2
49.2
52.6
34.6
62.1
45.6
53.5
27.8
56.2
58.0
42.1
21.8
18.6
22.9
1999
 
2000
............................................................
48.4
48.2
48.6
52.6
34.6
62.3
45.2
53.5
26.2
56.9
58.4
43.3
20.1
17.4
21.1
Age
1990
 
91
................................................................
15.8
6.6
27.9
26.0
10.5
34.7
6.8
5.0
12.4
5.0
4.4
9.4
14.7
17.9
14.1
1995
 
96
................................................................
16.2
6.1
29.7
27.3
9.4
37.1
6.3
4.8
11.2
4.3
3.6
8.7
15.2
19.6
13.2
1997
 
98
................................................................
17.1
6.4
29.4
28.1
8.8
38.2
8.4
5.4
14.9
3.9
3.4
7.9
18.9
23.8
17.5
1998
 
99
................................................................
17.0
6.1
29.9
28.2
6.9
39.5
8.3
5.8
14.1
3.8
3.3
7.9
18.5
25.1
16.3
1999
 
2000
............................................................
17.0
6.4
29.6
28.4
8.0
39.4
8.2
5.8
13.8
3.7
3.1
8.7
17.9
25.3
15.3
Open
admission
1990
 
91
................................................................
5.8
1.0
12.0
10.8
1.8
15.9
1.3
0.7
3.3
1.2
0.7
5.0
2.1
1.8
2.2
1995
 
96
................................................................
18.2
4.4
36.9
33.4
6.2
48.2
4.8
3.7
8.3
5.1
4.0
12.5
3.3
0.0
4.8
1997
 
98
................................................................
19.0
4.7
35.4
37.5
6.5
53.6
4.4
4.0
5.3
5.0
4.3
9.6
3.0
0.7
3.8
1998
 
99
................................................................
20.8
5.1
39.4
41.5
6.7
60.0
4.7
4.5
5.3
4.9
4.4
8.5
4.3
4.8
4.2
1999
 
2000
............................................................
21.6
5.3
41.1
43.2
7.5
62.4
5.0
4.4
6.4
4.9
4.4
9.3
5.4
5.1
5.6
NOTE:
Data
for
1990
 
91
and
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2000.)

Table
313.
 
Percent
of
degree­
granting
institutions
offering
remedial
services,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1987
 
88
to
2000
 
01
Type
and
control
of
institution
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
Change
in
percentage
points
1987
 
88
to
1996
 
97
1990
 
91
to
2000
 
01
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
.................................
72.7
74.9
76.6
77.7
78.6
78.5
79.0
79.8
79.5
80.0
76.7
76.1
76.1
75.1
7.3
(
1)
All
4­
year
colleges
......
66.0
68.2
69.6
70.6
71.4
71.5
72.2
73.6
73.0
73.1
72.5
72.0
71.6
71.4
7.1
(
1)
All
2­
year
colleges
......
82.7
84.7
87.2
88.4
89.2
88.8
89.5
89.1
89.4
91.0
82.2
81.5
82.2
80.4
8.3
(
1)
Public
institutions
........
90.4
91.0
92.4
93.0
93.9
93.5
93.5
93.7
93.7
94.0
93.8
93.6
93.5
93.1
3.6
0.1
4­
year
colleges
........
80.5
81.8
82.9
83.5
84.5
84.5
84.6
85.3
85.4
85.1
85.2
84.2
83.6
81.7
4.6
 
1.9
2­
year
colleges
........
96.4
96.6
98.2
98.9
99.6
98.8
98.7
98.6
98.6
99.2
98.7
99.0
99.2
99.7
2.9
0.9
Private
institutions
......
58.6
62.0
64.1
65.6
66.3
66.4
67.4
68.6
68.0
68.6
64.2
63.6
63.9
62.8
10.0
(
1)
4­
year
colleges
........
60.3
63.0
64.5
65.6
66.4
66.5
67.5
69.2
68.4
68.6
67.8
67.7
67.4
67.9
8.3
(
1)
2­
year
colleges
........
53.0
58.6
63.0
65.5
65.8
65.8
67.0
66.6
66.3
68.4
55.1
52.8
54.4
48.8
15.3
(
1)
Not­
for­
profit
............
(
1)
(
1)
65.0
65.6
66.2
66.7
67.7
69.3
68.9
69.2
69.0
68.6
69.2
67.6
(
1)
2.0
4­
year
colleges
....
(
1)
(
1)
64.2
64.9
65.8
66.2
67.0
68.7
68.3
68.3
68.3
68.3
68.5
67.0
(
1)
2.1
2­
year
colleges
....
(
1)
(
1)
71.8
71.3
69.9
71.5
73.5
74.0
73.3
77.3
75.4
71.6
76.7
73.6
(
1)
2.4
For­
profit
..................
(
1)
(
1)
59.5
65.6
66.6
64.6
65.6
65.2
63.5
65.2
51.7
51.1
51.5
52.7
(
1)
(
1)
4­
year
colleges
....
(
1)
(
1)
71.7
81.3
79.2
73.7
76.3
76.0
69.2
72.7
63.9
63.4
60.1
72.9
(
1)
(
1)
2­
year
colleges
....
(
1)
(
1)
57.0
62.0
63.2
62.0
62.1
60.8
60.5
60.8
47.5
46.2
47.7
41.8
(
1)
(
1)

1
Not
comparable.

NOTE:
Data
for
1987
 
88
to
1996
 
97
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2001.)
357
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
OUTCOMES
Table
314.
 
Percentage
distribution
of
enrollment
and
completion
status
of
first­
time
postsecondary
students
starting
during
the
1995
 
96
academic
year,
by
type
of
institution
and
other
student
characteristics:
1998
Student
and
institution
characteristics
Students
starting
in
less
than
4­
year
institutions
Students
starting
in
4­
year
institutions
Highest
degree
attained
No
degree,
still
enrolled
No
degree,
not
enrolled
Highest
degree
attained
No
degree,
still
enrolled
No
degree,
not
enrolled
Total,
any
degree
1
Certificate
Associate
Bachelor's
Total,
any
degree
1
Certificate
Associate
Bachelor's
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
..............................................................
24.0
(
1.3)
16.4
(
1.2)
7.3
(
0.7)
0.0
(
0.0)
34.1
(
1.6)
41.9
(
1.6)
4.3
(
0.4)
1.5
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.2)
0.8
(
0.2)
77.3
(
0.8)
18.4
(
0.8)

Male
..........................................................
20.8
(
2.0)
13.0
(
1.6)
7.4
(
1.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
38.4
(
2.6)
40.8
(
2.6)
4.5
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.4)
1.9
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.3)
75.6
(
1.3)
19.9
(
1.2)
Female
......................................................
26.4
(
1.8)
18.9
(
1.6)
7.2
(
0.9)
0.0
 
30.6
(
2.1)
43.0
(
2.3)
4.2
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.2)
2.1
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.2)
78.6
(
1.1)
17.3
(
1.1)

Age
when
first
enrolled
18
years
or
younger
.................................
20.3
(
1.7)
8.5
(
1.0)
11.7
(
1.4)
0.0
 
45.3
(
2.5)
34.5
(
2.4)
3.0
(
0.3)
1.1
(
0.2)
1.6
(
0.2)
0.3
(
0.1)
82.1
(
0.9)
15.0
(
0.8)
19
years
....................................................
17.7
(
2.6)
11.6
(
1.8)
6.0
(
1.6)
0.0
 
44.9
(
4.9)
37.5
(
4.6)
5.9
(
1.3)
1.4
(
0.5)
2.7
(
0.9)
2.1
(
0.9)
73.1
(
2.5)
21.0
(
2.2)
20
to
23
years
..........................................
27.2
(
3.6)
22.3
(
3.3)
4.4
(
1.4)
0.2
(
0.2)
25.5
(
4.3)
47.4
(
4.7)
14.4
(
3.4)
5.6
(
2.1)
2.8
(
1.6)
5.8
(
2.3)
46.6
(
4.4)
39.0
(
4.4)
24
to
29
years
..........................................
35.0
(
5.4)
31.9
(
5.3)
2.3
(
0.8)
0.0
 
16.7
(
4.3)
48.3
(
5.6)
12.4
(
4.6)
3.2
(
1.9)
9.0
(
4.2)
0.0
 
50.4
(
6.9)
37.2
(
6.8)
30
years
or
over
.......................................
28.3
(
3.4)
25.2
(
3.2)
2.9
(
0.8)
0.0
 
16.4
(
3.6)
55.3
(
4.2)
8.9
(
2.8)
4.3
(
1.9)
3.2
(
1.8)
1.2
(
1.2)
40.3
(
5.7)
50.8
(
5.7)

Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................
24.3
(
1.7)
15.5
(
1.5)
8.3
(
1.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
34.6
(
2.0)
41.1
(
2.1)
3.9
(
0.4)
1.1
(
0.2)
2.0
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.2)
77.6
(
1.0)
18.5
(
1.0)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................................
27.5
(
3.6)
21.3
(
3.3)
5.6
(
1.7)
0.0
 
23.6
(
4.2)
49.0
(
4.6)
4.4
(
1.2)
3.4
(
1.1)
0.9
(
0.4)
0.0
 
71.0
(
2.3)
24.7
(
2.1)
Hispanic
....................................................
22.9
(
3.2)
18.2
(
2.9)
4.9
(
1.2)
0.0
 
38.4
(
4.6)
38.8
(
4.3)
6.8
(
1.5)
2.4
(
0.9)
2.2
(
0.7)
2.2
(
1.0)
75.3
(
2.4)
17.9
(
2.1)
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
...............................
15.3
(
5.1)
11.7
(
4.7)
5.4
(
2.7)
0.0
 
37.9
(
8.5)
46.8
(
9.3)
2.2
(
0.9)
0.3
(
0.2)
1.6
(
0.8)
1.1
(
0.9)
86.5
(
3.3)
11.3
(
3.3)

Highest
education
level
of
parents
High
school
diploma
or
less
.....................
27.4
(
2.1)
20.9
(
1.8)
6.4
(
0.9)
0.0
 
28.8
(
2.3)
43.8
(
2.3)
5.5
(
0.8)
2.0
(
0.5)
2.3
(
0.4)
1.1
(
0.4)
67.3
(
1.7)
27.2
(
1.6)
Some
postsecondary
................................
20.1
(
2.7)
12.7
(
2.2)
6.9
(
1.5)
0.0
 
38.2
(
3.8)
41.7
(
4.0)
5.9
(
1.1)
1.9
(
0.6)
3.2
(
0.7)
0.7
(
0.5)
70.6
(
2.3)
23.5
(
2.2)
Bachelor's
degree
.....................................
21.3
(
3.4)
8.6
(
1.7)
12.4
(
2.9)
0.2
(
0.2)
43.4
(
4.4)
35.3
(
4.2)
3.6
(
0.7)
1.3
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.4)
82.2
(
1.7)
14.2
(
1.6)
Advanced
degree
.....................................
11.4
(
3.1)
3.6
(
1.2)
8.7
(
3.0)
0.0
 
49.1
(
8.3)
39.5
(
8.5)
2.4
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.3)
88.5
(
1.3)
9.1
(
1.2)

Dependency
status
when
first
enrolled
Dependent
................................................
20.3
(
1.5)
10.2
(
1.0)
9.9
(
1.2)
0.0
(
0.0)
45.0
(
2.1)
34.7
(
2.0)
3.8
(
0.4)
1.3
(
0.2)
1.8
(
0.2)
0.8
(
0.2)
80.2
(
0.8)
16.0
(
0.8)
Independent
..............................................
30.5
(
2.4)
26.2
(
2.3)
3.8
(
0.8)
0.0
 
16.9
(
1.9)
52.7
(
2.8)
9.1
(
1.7)
4.2
(
1.1)
3.9
(
1.3)
0.7
(
0.5)
48.1
(
3.3)
42.9
(
3.3)

Dependent
student
family
income
in
1994
Less
than
$
25,000
....................................
23.0
(
3.0)
13.5
(
2.3)
9.3
(
2.0)
0.0
 
40.6
(
3.7)
36.4
(
3.5)
5.6
(
1.0)
2.0
(
0.6)
2.4
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.6)
73.3
(
2.1)
21.1
(
2.0)
$
25,000
to
$
44,999
..................................
19.7
(
2.5)
11.1
(
1.7)
9.1
(
1.7)
0.0
 
47.5
(
4.2)
32.8
(
3.6)
4.2
(
0.8)
1.6
(
0.4)
1.7
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.4)
75.7
(
1.7)
20.2
(
1.6)
$
45,000
to
$
69,999
..................................
18.4
(
3.0)
7.7
(
1.8)
10.3
(
2.3)
0.0
 
39.2
(
4.7)
42.5
(
5.0)
3.4
(
0.6)
0.8
(
0.2)
1.7
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.4)
82.9
(
1.4)
13.7
(
1.4)
$
70,000
or
more
.......................................
18.6
(
3.7)
5.8
(
1.5)
11.7
(
3.2)
0.2
(
0.2)
57.9
(
5.0)
23.5
(
4.1)
2.8
(
0.5)
1.0
(
0.3)
1.3
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.2)
85.8
(
1.4)
11.5
(
1.4)

Delayed
postsecondary
enrollment
Did
not
delay
2
..........................................
19.6
(
1.6)
8.5
(
0.9)
11.1
(
1.3)
0.0
 
47.5
(
2.3)
32.9
(
2.2)
2.8
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.2)
1.6
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.1)
82.3
(
0.8)
14.9
(
0.8)
Delayed
entry
...........................................
27.6
(
2.2)
23.2
(
2.1)
3.9
(
0.7)
0.1
(
0.1)
22.6
(
2.2)
49.8
(
2.6)
10.6
(
1.5)
3.6
(
0.9)
3.6
(
0.9)
3.5
(
0.9)
55.8
(
2.4)
33.6
(
2.3)

Attendance
status
when
first
enrolled
Full­
time
....................................................
30.5
(
1.7)
20.0
(
1.5)
10.5
(
1.1)
0.0
 
32.4
(
2.0)
37.2
(
2.0)
4.0
(
0.4)
1.1
(
0.2)
2.1
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.2)
79.6
(
0.9)
16.5
(
0.8)
Part­
time
...................................................
14.4
(
2.1)
11.8
(
2.0)
2.5
(
0.7)
0.1
(
0.1)
36.8
(
2.9)
48.9
(
3.0)
7.3
(
1.6)
5.2
(
1.5)
1.6
(
0.7)
0.6
(
0.4)
56.9
(
3.2)
35.9
(
3.1)

Intensity
of
enrollment
through
1998
Always
part­
time
.......................................
11.5
(
2.7)
11.4
(
2.7)
0.1
(
0.1)
0.0
 
18.5
(
2.8)
70.1
(
3.5)
4.0
(
2.2)
5.1
(
1.9)
1.6
(
1.1)
0.0
 
24.9
(
4.8)
68.4
(
5.0)
Mixed
........................................................
17.2
(
2.0)
12.0
(
1.7)
5.1
(
1.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
52.6
(
3.0)
30.1
(
2.9)
4.8
(
0.9)
2.8
(
0.7)
1.2
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.4)
77.0
(
1.7)
18.3
(
1.6)
Always
full­
time
.........................................
36.6
(
2.2)
23.5
(
1.9)
13.0
(
1.5)
0.0
 
26.7
(
2.2)
36.7
(
2.3)
6.7
(
0.4)
1.0
(
0.2)
2.2
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.2)
79.8
(
0.9)
16.2
(
0.9)

Degree
goal
at
first
institution
None
.........................................................
14.0
(
2.3)
10.4
(
1.8)
3.5
(
1.4)
0.0
 
26.6
(
4.0)
59.4
(
4.1)
5.5
(
1.3)
3.7
(
1.1)
1.6
(
0.6)
0.5
(
0.5)
50.1
(
3.7)
44.4
(
3.7)
Certificate
..................................................
52.3
(
3.3)
50.9
(
3.2)
2.0
(
0.7)
0.0
 
8.2
(
1.9)
39.0
(
3.2)
24.8
(
5.9)
14.4
(
4.9)
9.7
(
3.5)
0.0
 
39.0
(
7.2)
36.2
(
7.5)
Associate
degree
......................................
20.5
(
1.8)
6.2
(
0.9)
13.9
(
1.6)
0.1
(
0.1)
37.1
(
2.4)
42.4
(
2.7)
22.6
(
3.9)
5.6
(
3.0)
15.7
(
2.8)
0.0
 
38.1
(
4.0)
39.3
(
4.6)
Bachelor's
degree
.....................................
3
8.1
(
1.9)
3
2.3
(
0.9)
3
5.6
(
1.7)
3
0.0
 
3
60.2
(
3.9)
3
31.7
(
3.7)
3.8
(
0.4)
1.2
(
0.2)
1.7
(
0.3)
1.0
(
0.2)
81.1
(
0.7)
15.1
(
0.6)

Worked
while
enrolled
1995
 
96
Did
not
work
.............................................
33.3
(
2.5)
25.2
(
2.1)
7.8
(
1.4)
0.0
 
26.3
(
2.6)
40.5
(
3.0)
4.5
(
0.7)
1.5
(
0.4)
2.4
(
0.5)
0.8
(
0.3)
82.0
(
1.1)
13.4
(
0.9)
Worked
part
time
......................................
25.0
(
2.0)
13.2
(
1.6)
11.5
(
1.4)
0.1
(
0.1)
42.8
(
2.3)
32.2
(
2.1)
4.5
(
0.5)
1.3
(
0.3)
2.1
(
0.3)
1.1
(
0.3)
78.4
(
1.0)
17.1
(
0.9)
Worked
full
time
........................................
18.9
(
2.4)
14.8
(
2.2)
3.8
(
1.0)
0.0
 
25.0
(
2.5)
56.1
(
3.0)
6.1
(
1.2)
3.5
(
0.9)
1.6
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.6)
55.6
(
2.9)
38.4
(
2.9)

Control
of
first
institution
Public
........................................................
16.4
(
1.5)
9.5
(
1.2)
6.7
(
0.9)
0.0
 
40.0
(
1.9)
43.6
(
2.0)
3.9
(
0.5)
1.4
(
0.3)
1.8
(
0.3)
0.8
(
0.3)
77.3
(
1.1)
18.8
(
1.0)
Private,
not
for
profit
.................................
42.3
(
3.9)
14.3
(
2.8)
25.9
(
3.0)
1.3
(
1.3)
20.1
(
3.1)
37.6
(
3.7)
4.3
(
0.6)
1.5
(
0.4)
2.0
(
0.3)
0.7
(
0.2)
78.5
(
1.4)
17.2
(
1.2)
Private,
for
profit
.......................................
56.4
(
2.5)
47.5
(
2.5)
8.2
(
1.1)
0.0
 
8.8
(
1.3)
34.8
(
2.4)
25.2
(
5.3)
7.6
(
2.9)
13.9
(
4.6)
3.2
(
3.1)
41.3
(
6.0)
33.6
(
6.2)

1
Includes
a
small
percent
of
students
who
have
attained
a
degree
and
are
still
enrolled
Includes
recipients
of
degrees
not
shown
separately.
2
Includes
students
with
a
standard
high
school
diploma
who
enrolled
in
postsecondary
education
in
the
same
year
as
their
graduation.
3
Includes
students
whose
goal
is
to
transfer
to
a
4
 
year
institution.

NOTE:
Data
reflect
completion
and
enrollment
status
by
spring
1998
of
first­
time
postsecondary
students
starting
in
academic
year
1995
 
96.
Some
cells
in
this
table
have
relatively
large
sampling
errors.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
1995
 
96
Beginning
Postsecondary
Students
Longitudinal
Study,
First
Follow­
up.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
358
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
OUTCOMES
Table
315.
 
Scores
on
Graduate
Record
Examination
(
GRE)
and
subject
matter
tests:
1965
to
1999
Academic
year
ending
Number
of
GRE
takers
GRE
takers
as
a
percent
of
bachelor's
degrees
Verbal
Quantitative
Analytical
Subject
matter
tests
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Biology
Chemistry
Education
Engineering
Literature
Psychology
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
Mean
Standard
deviation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
1965
.............................
93,792
18.7
530
124
533
137
 
 
617
117
628
114
481
86
618
108
591
95
556
91
1966
.............................
123,960
23.8
520
124
528
133
 
 
610
115
618
110
474
87
609
106
588
94
552
91
1967
.............................
151,134
27.0
519
125
528
134
 
 
613
114
615
104
476
90
603
104
582
91
553
93
1968
.............................
182,432
28.8
520
124
527
135
 
 
614
114
617
104
478
87
601
105
572
91
547
93
1969
.............................
206,113
28.3
515
124
524
132
 
 
613
112
613
104
477
88
591
103
569
89
543
89
1970
.............................
265,359
33.5
503
123
516
132
 
 
603
111
613
113
462
92
586
110
556
90
532
91
1971
.............................
293,600
35.0
497
125
512
134
 
 
603
114
618
117
457
95
587
115
546
91
530
92
1972
.............................
293,506
33.1
494
126
508
136
 
 
606
115
624
124
446
93
594
119
544
96
528
92
1973
.............................
290,104
31.5
497
125
512
135
 
 
619
110
630
114
459
96
593
114
545
96
529
92
1974
.............................
301,070
31.8
492
126
509
137
 
 
624
110
634
115
452
93
591
121
547
99
530
95
1975
.............................
298,335
32.3
493
125
508
137
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1976
.............................
299,292
32.3
492
127
510
138
 
 
627
112
627
107
454
93
594
119
539
101
531
93
1977
.............................
287,715
31.3
490
129
514
139
 
 
625
113
630
109
453
93
592
115
532
101
532
95
1978
.............................
286,383
31.1
484
128
518
135
 
 
622
113
624
108
452
91
594
114
530
102
529
97
1979
.............................
282,482
30.7
476
130
517
135
 
 
621
117
623
104
451
89
592
115
525
102
530
97
1980
.............................
272,281
29.3
474
131
522
136
 
 
619
115
618
105
449
90
590
116
521
105
534
98
1981
.............................
262,855
28.1
473
128
523
136
 
 
617
115
615
103
453
90
590
116
520
99
532
97
1982
.............................
256,381
26.9
469
130
533
137
498
126
616
114
616
105
456
89
593
115
521
100
532
97
1983
.............................
263,674
27.2
473
131
541
138
504
128
623
115
620
105
459
90
599
114
527
98
542
95
1984
.............................
265,221
27.2
475
130
541
139
512
129
622
115
619
102
461
90
604
114
530
97
543
96
1985
.............................
271,972
27.8
474
126
545
140
516
129
619
114
621
101
459
89
615
120
531
95
541
95
1986
.............................
279,428
28.3
475
126
552
140
520
129
612
114
628
106
464
87
616
119
527
96
542
97
1987
.............................
293,560
29.6
477
126
550
140
521
128
616
116
629
104
465
86
619
119
526
95
536
95
1988
.............................
303,703
30.5
483
123
557
140
528
128
615
114
631
108
467
85
622
120
525
94
537
94
1989
.............................
326,096
32.0
484
125
560
142
530
129
612
114
642
117
465
87
626
116
528
91
538
95
1990
.............................
344,572
32.8
486
123
562
143
534
128
612
114
662
123
461
84
617
111
523
92
537
95
1991
.............................
379,882
34.7
485
122
562
141
536
129
609
113
660
123
457
85
611
111
523
93
535
95
1992
.............................
411,528
36.2
483
120
561
140
537
129
605
113
654
128
462
82
610
117
525
92
536
95
1993
.............................
400,246
34.4
481
117
557
140
541
129
606
114
662
133
462
80
602
115
516
94
536
97
1994
.............................
1
399,395
34.2
479
116
553
139
545
129
620
116
627
113
2
493
104
601
115
517
95
538
96
1995
.............................
1
389,539
33.6
477
115
553
140
544
131
622
116
675
138
2
488
102
596
113
513
96
544
98
1996
.............................
1
376,013
32.3
473
114
558
139
549
131
614
114
678
135
2
489
104
604
119
512
97
547
99
1997
.............................
1
376,062
32.1
472
113
562
139
548
129
620
115
684
143
2
487
103
602
114
525
100
554
99
1998
.............................
1
364,554
30.8
471
113
569
141
543
133
628
113
686
137
2
477
100
609
118
530
100
563
100
1999
.............................
396,330
33.0
468
114
565
143
542
133
626
114
684
137
(
3)
(
3)
604
115
527
100
559
99
 
Not
available.

1
Total
includes
examinees
who
received
no
score
on
one
or
more
General
Test
measures.

2
Data
reported
for
1994
through
1998
are
from
the
revised
education
test.

3
The
education
subject
test
was
administered
for
the
final
time
in
April
1998.

NOTE:
GRE
scores
for
the
verbal,
quantitative,
and
analytical
sections
range
from
200
to
800.
Subject
matter
test
scores
range
from
200
to
990.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
SOURCE:
Graduate
Record
Examination
Board,
Examinee
and
Score
Trends
for
the
GRE
General
Test,
various
years;
and
A
Summary
of
Data
Collected
From
Graduate
Record
Examinations
Test­
Takers
During
1986
 
87;
Guide
to
the
Use
of
Scores,
2000
 
01;
unpublished
data;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS)
``
Degrees
and
Other
Formal
Awards
Conferred''

surveys
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Completions''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
359
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
316.
 
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
paid
by
full­
time­
equivalent
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1964
 
65
to
2000
 
01
Year
and
control
of
institution
Total
tuition,
room,
and
board
Tuition
and
required
fees
(
in­
state)
Dormitory
rooms
Board
(
7­
day
basis)
1
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
All
institutions
1976
 
77
.......................
$
2,275
$
2,577
$
2,647
$
2,527
$
1,598
$
924
$
1,218
$
1,210
$
1,223
$
346
$
603
$
611
$
649
$
584
$
503
$
748
$
748
$
788
$
719
$
750
1977
 
78
.......................
2,411
2,725
2,777
2,685
1,703
984
1,291
1,269
1,305
378
645
654
691
628
525
781
780
818
752
801
1978
 
79
.......................
2,587
2,917
2,967
2,879
1,828
1,073
1,397
1,370
1,413
411
688
696
737
667
575
826
825
860
800
842
1979
 
80
.......................
2,809
3,167
3,223
3,124
1,979
1,163
1,513
1,484
1,530
451
751
759
803
729
628
895
895
936
865
900
1980
 
81
.......................
3,101
3,499
3,535
3,469
2,230
1,289
1,679
1,634
1,705
526
836
846
881
821
705
976
975
1,020
943
1,000
1981
 
82
.......................
3,489
3,951
4,005
3,908
2,476
1,457
1,907
1,860
1,935
590
950
961
1,023
919
793
1,083
1,082
1,121
1,055
1,094
1982
 
83
.......................
3,877
4,406
4,466
4,356
2,713
1,626
2,139
2,081
2,173
675
1,064
1,078
1,150
1,028
873
1,187
1,189
1,235
1,155
1,165
1983
 
84
.......................
4,167
4,747
4,793
4,712
2,854
1,783
2,344
2,300
2,368
730
1,145
1,162
1,211
1,130
916
1,239
1,242
1,282
1,214
1,208
1984
 
85
.......................
4,563
5,160
5,236
5,107
3,179
1,985
2,567
2,539
2,583
821
1,267
1,282
1,343
1,242
1,058
1,310
1,311
1,353
1,282
1,301
1985
 
86
2
.....................
4,885
5,504
5,597
5,441
3,367
2,181
2,784
2,770
2,793
888
1,338
1,355
1,424
1,309
1,107
1,365
1,365
1,403
1,339
1,372
1986
 
87
3
.....................
5,206
5,964
6,124
5,857
3,295
2,312
3,042
3,042
3,042
897
1,405
1,427
1,501
1,376
1,034
1,489
1,495
1,581
1,439
1,364
1987
 
88
.......................
5,494
6,272
6,339
6,226
3,263
2,458
3,201
3,168
3,220
809
1,488
1,516
1,576
1,478
1,017
1,549
1,555
1,596
1,529
1,437
1988
 
89
.......................
5,869
6,725
6,801
6,673
3,573
2,658
3,472
3,422
3,499
979
1,575
1,609
1,665
1,573
1,085
1,636
1,644
1,715
1,601
1,509
1989
 
90
.......................
6,207
7,212
7,347
7,120
3,705
2,839
3,800
3,765
3,819
978
1,638
1,675
1,732
1,638
1,105
1,730
1,737
1,850
1,663
1,622
1990
 
91
.......................
6,562
7,602
7,709
7,528
3,930
3,016
4,009
3,958
4,036
1,087
1,743
1,782
1,848
1,740
1,182
1,802
1,811
1,903
1,751
1,660
1991
 
92
.......................
7,077
8,238
8,390
8,142
4,092
3,286
4,385
4,368
4,394
1,189
1,874
1,921
1,996
1,875
1,210
1,918
1,931
2,026
1,872
1,692
1992
 
93
.......................
7,452
8,758
8,934
8,648
4,207
3,517
4,752
4,665
4,795
1,276
1,939
1,991
2,104
1,926
1,240
1,996
2,015
2,165
1,927
1,692
1993
 
94
.......................
7,931
9,296
9,495
9,186
4,449
3,827
5,119
5,104
5,127
1,399
2,057
2,111
2,190
2,068
1,332
2,047
2,067
2,201
1,992
1,718
1994
 
95
.......................
8,306
9,728
9,863
9,646
4,633
4,044
5,391
5,287
5,441
1,488
2,145
2,200
2,281
2,155
1,396
2,116
2,138
2,295
2,049
1,750
1995
 
96
.......................
8,800
10,330
10,560
10,195
4,725
4,338
5,786
5,733
5,812
1,522
2,264
2,318
2,423
2,260
1,473
2,199
2,226
2,404
2,123
1,730
1996
 
97
.......................
9,206
10,841
11,033
10,726
4,895
4,564
6,118
6,055
6,150
1,543
2,365
2,422
2,518
2,368
1,522
2,276
2,301
2,460
2,208
1,830
1997
 
98
.......................
9,588
11,277
11,382
11,205
5,192
4,755
6,351
6,232
6,408
1,695
2,444
2,507
2,575
2,469
1,598
2,389
2,419
2,576
2,327
1,900
1998
 
99
.......................
10,076
11,888
12,123
11,752
5,291
5,013
6,723
6,713
6,728
1,725
2,557
2,626
2,710
2,578
1,616
2,506
2,540
2,700
2,446
1,950
1999
 
2000
...................
10,444
12,352
12,613
12,198
5,408
5,238
7,044
7,026
7,052
1,721
2,682
2,749
2,845
2,695
1,733
2,524
2,559
2,741
2,451
1,954
2000
 
01
4
.....................
10,876
12,919
13,187
12,763
5,477
5,442
7,376
7,371
7,378
1,720
2,815
2,888
2,997
2,826
1,753
2,619
2,656
2,819
2,559
2,005
Public
institutions
1964
 
65
.......................
950
 
1,051
867
638
243
 
298
224
99
271
 
291
241
178
436
 
462
402
361
1965
 
66
.......................
983
 
1,105
904
670
257
 
327
241
109
281
 
304
255
194
445
 
474
408
367
1966
 
67
.......................
1,026
 
1,171
947
710
275
 
360
259
121
294
 
321
271
213
457
 
490
417
376
1967
 
68
.......................
1,064
 
1,199
997
789
283
 
366
268
144
313
 
337
292
243
468
 
496
437
402
1968
 
69
.......................
1,117
 
1,245
1,063
883
295
 
377
281
170
337
 
359
318
278
485
 
509
464
435
1969
 
70
.......................
1,203
 
1,362
1,135
951
323
 
427
306
178
369
 
395
346
308
511
 
540
483
465
1970
 
71
.......................
1,287
 
1,477
1,206
998
351
 
478
332
187
401
 
431
375
338
535
 
568
499
473
1971
 
72
.......................
1,357
 
1,579
1,263
1,073
376
 
526
354
192
430
 
463
400
366
551
 
590
509
515
1972
 
73
.......................
1,458
 
1,668
1,460
1,197
407
 
566
455
233
476
 
500
455
398
575
 
602
550
566
1973
 
74
.......................
1,517
 
1,707
1,506
1,274
438
 
581
463
274
480
 
505
464
409
599
 
621
579
591
1974
 
75
.......................
1,563
 
1,760
1,558
1,339
432
 
599
448
277
506
 
527
497
424
625
 
634
613
638
1975
 
76
.......................
1,666
 
1,935
1,657
1,386
433
 
642
469
245
544
 
573
533
442
689
 
720
655
699
1976
 
77
.......................
1,789
1,935
2,067
1,827
1,491
479
617
689
564
283
582
592
614
572
465
728
727
763
692
742
1977
 
78
.......................
1,888
2,038
2,170
1,931
1,590
512
655
736
596
306
621
631
649
616
486
755
752
785
720
797
1978
 
79
.......................
1,994
2,145
2,289
2,027
1,691
543
688
777
622
327
655
664
689
641
527
796
793
823
764
837
1979
 
80
.......................
2,165
2,327
2,487
2,198
1,822
583
738
840
662
355
715
725
750
703
574
867
865
898
833
893
1980
 
81
.......................
2,373
2,550
2,712
2,421
2,027
635
804
915
722
391
799
811
827
796
642
940
936
969
904
994
1981
 
82
.......................
2,663
2,871
3,079
2,705
2,224
714
909
1,042
813
434
909
925
970
885
703
1,039
1,036
1,067
1,006
1,086
1982
 
83
.......................
2,945
3,196
3,403
3,032
2,390
798
1,031
1,164
936
473
1,010
1,030
1,072
993
755
1,136
1,134
1,167
1,103
1,162
1983
 
84
.......................
3,156
3,433
3,628
3,285
2,534
891
1,148
1,284
1,052
528
1,087
1,110
1,131
1,092
801
1,178
1,175
1,213
1,141
1,205
1984
 
85
.......................
3,408
3,682
3,899
3,518
2,807
971
1,228
1,386
1,117
584
1,196
1,217
1,237
1,200
921
1,241
1,237
1,276
1,201
1,302
1985
 
86
2
.....................
3,571
3,859
4,146
3,637
2,981
1,045
1,318
1,536
1,157
641
1,242
1,263
1,290
1,240
960
1,285
1,278
1,320
1,240
1,380
1986
 
87
3
.....................
3,805
4,138
4,469
3,891
2,989
1,106
1,414
1,651
1,248
660
1,301
1,323
1,355
1,295
979
1,398
1,401
1,464
1,348
1,349
1987
 
88
.......................
4,050
4,403
4,619
4,250
3,066
1,218
1,537
1,726
1,407
706
1,378
1,410
1,410
1,409
943
1,454
1,456
1,482
1,434
1,417
1988
 
89
.......................
4,274
4,678
4,905
4,526
3,183
1,285
1,646
1,846
1,515
730
1,457
1,496
1,483
1,506
965
1,533
1,536
1,576
1,504
1,488
1989
 
90
.......................
4,504
4,975
5,324
4,723
3,299
1,356
1,780
2,035
1,608
756
1,513
1,557
1,561
1,554
962
1,635
1,638
1,728
1,561
1,581
1990
 
91
.......................
4,757
5,243
5,585
5,004
3,467
1,454
1,888
2,159
1,707
824
1,612
1,657
1,658
1,655
1,050
1,691
1,698
1,767
1,641
1,594
1991
 
92
.......................
5,138
5,693
6,050
5,458
3,623
1,628
2,117
2,409
1,931
936
1,731
1,785
1,789
1,782
1,074
1,780
1,792
1,852
1,745
1,612
1992
 
93
.......................
5,379
6,020
6,442
5,740
3,799
1,782
2,349
2,604
2,192
1,025
1,756
1,816
1,856
1,787
1,106
1,841
1,854
1,982
1,761
1,668
1993
 
94
.......................
5,694
6,365
6,710
6,146
3,996
1,942
2,537
2,820
2,360
1,125
1,873
1,934
1,897
1,958
1,190
1,880
1,895
1,993
1,828
1,681
1994
 
95
.......................
5,965
6,670
7,077
6,409
4,137
2,057
2,681
2,977
2,499
1,192
1,959
2,023
1,992
2,044
1,232
1,949
1,967
2,108
1,866
1,712
1995
 
96
.......................
6,256
7,014
7,448
6,730
4,217
2,179
2,848
3,151
2,660
1,239
2,057
2,121
2,104
2,133
1,297
2,020
2,045
2,192
1,937
1,681
360
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
316.
 
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
paid
by
full­
time­
equivalent
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1964
 
65
to
2000
 
01
 
Continued
Year
and
control
of
institution
Total
tuition,
room,
and
board
Tuition
and
required
fees
(
in­
state)
Dormitory
rooms
Board
(
7­
day
basis)
1
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
All
4­
year
Universities
Other
4­
year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
1996
 
97
.......................
6,530
7,334
7,792
7,035
4,404
2,271
2,987
3,323
2,778
1,276
2,148
2,214
2,187
2,232
1,339
2,111
2,133
2,282
2,025
1,789
1997
 
98
.......................
6,813
7,673
8,210
7,318
4,509
2,360
3,110
3,486
2,877
1,314
2,225
2,301
2,285
2,312
1,401
2,228
2,263
2,438
2,130
1,795
1998
 
99
.......................
7,107
8,027
8,625
7,631
4,604
2,430
3,229
3,640
2,974
1,327
2,330
2,409
2,408
2,410
1,450
2,347
2,389
2,576
2,247
1,828
1999
 
2000
...................
7,310
8,275
8,912
7,852
4,720
2,506
3,349
3,768
3,091
1,338
2,440
2,519
2,516
2,521
1,549
2,364
2,406
2,628
2,239
1,834
2000
 
01
4
.....................
7,621
8,655
9,326
8,214
4,862
2,600
3,506
3,983
3,212
1,359
2,566
2,651
2,656
2,647
1,603
2,454
2,498
2,687
2,355
1,900
Private
institutions
1964
 
65
.......................
1,907
 
2,202
1,810
1,455
1,088
 
1,297
1,023
702
331
 
390
308
289
488
 
515
479
464
1965
 
66
.......................
2,005
 
2,316
1,899
1,557
1,154
 
1,369
1,086
768
356
 
418
330
316
495
 
529
483
473
1966
 
67
.......................
2,124
 
2,456
2,007
1,679
1,233
 
1,456
1,162
845
385
 
452
355
347
506
 
548
490
487
1967
 
68
.......................
2,205
 
2,545
2,104
1,762
1,297
 
1,534
1,237
892
392
 
455
366
366
516
 
556
501
504
1968
 
69
.......................
2,321
 
2,673
2,237
1,876
1,383
 
1,638
1,335
956
404
 
463
382
391
534
 
572
520
529
1969
 
70
.......................
2,530
 
2,920
2,420
1,993
1,533
 
1,809
1,468
1,034
436
 
503
409
413
561
 
608
543
546
1970
 
71
.......................
2,738
 
3,163
2,599
2,103
1,684
 
1,980
1,603
1,109
468
 
542
434
434
586
 
641
562
560
1971
 
72
.......................
2,917
 
3,375
2,748
2,186
1,820
 
2,133
1,721
1,172
494
 
576
454
449
603
 
666
573
565
1972
 
73
.......................
3,038
 
3,512
2,934
2,273
1,898
 
2,226
1,846
1,221
524
 
622
490
457
616
 
664
598
595
1973
 
74
.......................
3,164
 
3,717
3,040
2,410
1,989
 
2,375
1,925
1,303
533
 
622
502
483
642
 
720
613
624
1974
 
75
.......................
3,403
 
4,076
3,156
2,591
2,117
 
2,614
1,954
1,367
586
 
691
536
564
700
 
771
666
660
1975
 
76
.......................
3,663
 
4,467
3,385
2,711
2,272
 
2,881
2,084
1,427
636
 
753
583
572
755
 
833
718
712
1976
 
77
.......................
3,906
3,977
4,715
3,714
2,971
2,467
2,534
3,051
2,351
1,592
649
651
783
604
607
790
791
882
759
772
1977
 
78
.......................
4,158
4,240
5,033
3,967
3,148
2,624
2,700
3,240
2,520
1,706
698
702
850
648
631
836
838
943
800
811
1978
 
79
.......................
4,514
4,609
5,403
4,327
3,389
2,867
2,958
3,487
2,771
1,831
758
761
916
704
700
889
890
1,000
851
858
1979
 
80
.......................
4,912
5,013
5,891
4,700
3,751
3,130
3,225
3,811
3,020
2,062
827
831
1,001
768
766
955
957
1,078
912
923
1980
 
81
.......................
5,470
5,594
6,569
5,249
4,303
3,498
3,617
4,275
3,390
2,413
918
921
1,086
859
871
1,054
1,056
1,209
1,000
1,019
1981
 
82
.......................
6,166
6,330
7,443
5,947
4,746
3,953
4,113
4,887
3,853
2,605
1,038
1,039
1,229
970
1,022
1,175
1,178
1,327
1,124
1,119
1982
 
83
.......................
6,920
7,126
8,536
6,646
5,364
4,439
4,639
5,583
4,329
3,008
1,181
1,181
1,453
1,083
1,177
1,300
1,306
1,501
1,234
1,179
1983
 
84
.......................
7,508
7,759
9,308
7,244
5,571
4,851
5,093
6,217
4,726
3,099
1,278
1,279
1,531
1,191
1,253
1,380
1,387
1,559
1,327
1,219
1984
 
85
.......................
8,202
8,451
10,243
7,849
6,203
5,315
5,556
6,843
5,135
3,485
1,426
1,426
1,753
1,309
1,424
1,462
1,469
1,647
1,405
1,294
1985
 
86
2
.....................
8,885
9,228
11,034
8,551
6,512
5,789
6,121
7,374
5,641
3,672
1,553
1,557
1,940
1,420
1,500
1,542
1,551
1,720
1,490
1,340
1986
 
87
3
.....................
9,676
10,039
12,278
9,276
6,384
6,316
6,658
8,118
6,171
3,684
1,658
1,673
2,097
1,518
1,266
1,702
1,708
2,063
1,587
1,434
1987
 
88
.......................
10,512
10,659
13,075
9,854
7,078
6,988
7,116
8,771
6,574
4,161
1,748
1,760
2,244
1,593
1,380
1,775
1,783
2,060
1,687
1,537
1988
 
89
.......................
11,189
11,474
14,073
10,620
7,967
7,461
7,722
9,451
7,172
4,817
1,849
1,863
2,353
1,686
1,540
1,880
1,889
2,269
1,762
1,609
1989
 
90
.......................
12,018
12,284
15,098
11,374
8,670
8,147
8,396
10,348
7,778
5,196
1,923
1,935
2,411
1,774
1,663
1,948
1,953
2,339
1,823
1,811
1990
 
91
.......................
12,910
13,237
16,503
12,220
9,302
8,772
9,083
11,379
8,389
5,570
2,063
2,077
2,654
1,889
1,744
2,074
2,077
2,470
1,943
1,989
1991
 
92
.......................
13,892
14,258
17,572
13,201
9,632
9,419
9,759
12,037
9,060
5,754
2,221
2,241
2,825
2,042
1,788
2,252
2,257
2,709
2,098
2,090
1992
 
93
.......................
14,634
15,009
18,898
13,882
9,903
9,942
10,294
13,055
9,533
6,059
2,348
2,362
3,018
2,151
1,970
2,344
2,354
2,825
2,197
1,875
1993
 
94
.......................
15,496
15,904
20,097
14,640
10,406
10,572
10,952
13,874
10,100
6,370
2,490
2,506
3,277
2,261
2,067
2,434
2,445
2,946
2,278
1,970
1994
 
95
.......................
16,207
16,602
21,041
15,363
11,170
11,111
11,481
14,537
10,653
6,914
2,587
2,601
3,469
2,347
2,233
2,509
2,520
3,035
2,362
2,023
1995
 
96
.......................
17,208
17,612
22,502
16,198
11,563
11,864
12,243
15,605
11,297
7,094
2,738
2,751
3,680
2,473
2,371
2,606
2,617
3,218
2,429
2,098
1996
 
97
.......................
18,039
18,442
23,520
16,994
11,954
12,498
12,881
16,552
11,871
7,236
2,878
2,889
3,826
2,602
2,537
2,663
2,672
3,142
2,520
2,181
1997
 
98
.......................
18,516
19,070
24,116
17,717
12,921
12,801
13,344
17,229
12,338
7,464
2,954
2,964
3,756
2,731
2,672
2,762
2,761
3,132
2,648
2,785
1998
 
99
.......................
19,368
19,929
25,443
18,430
13,319
13,428
13,973
18,340
12,815
7,854
3,075
3,091
3,914
2,850
2,581
2,865
2,865
3,188
2,765
2,884
1999
 
2000
...................
20,186
20,706
26,534
19,127
13,965
14,081
14,588
19,307
13,361
8,235
3,224
3,237
4,070
2,976
2,808
2,882
2,881
3,157
2,790
2,922
2000
 
01
4
.....................
21,423
21,907
27,711
20,281
14,690
15,064
15,531
20,143
14,281
8,961
3,370
3,387
4,265
3,114
2,768
2,989
2,989
3,303
2,886
2,962
 
Not
available.

1
Data
for
1986
 
87
and
later
years
reflect
20
meals
per
week
rather
than
meals
7
days
per
week.

2
Room
and
board
data
are
estimated.

3
Because
of
revisions
in
data
collection
procedures,
figures
are
not
entirely
comparable
with
those
for
previous
years.
In
particular,
data
on
board
rates
are
somewhat
higher
than
earlier
years
because
they
reflect
a
basis
of
20
meals
per
week
rather
than
meals
served
7
days
per
week.
Since
many
institutions
serve
fewer
than
three
meals
each
day,
the
1986
 
87
and
later
data
reflect
a
more
accurate
accounting
of
total
board
costs.

4
Preliminary
data
based
on
fall
1999
enrollment
weights.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
the
entire
academic
year
and
are
average
charges
paid
by
students.
Tuition
and
fees
were
weighted
by
the
number
of
full­
time­
equivalent
undergraduates,
but
were
not
adjusted
to
reflect
student
residency.

Room
and
board
were
based
on
full­
time
students.
The
data
have
not
been
adjusted
for
changes
in
the
purchasing
power
of
the
dollar
over
time.
Data
for
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Because
of
their
low
response
rate,
data
for
private
2­
year
colleges
must
be
interpreted
with
caution.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics
of
Colleges
and
Universities''
and
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
and
``

Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
361
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
317.
 
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
paid
by
full­
time­
equivalent
students
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution
and
by
state:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
State
or
other
area
Public
4­
year,
1999
 
2000
Public
4­
year,
2000
 
01
1
Private
4­
year,
1999
 
2000
Private
4­
year,
2000
 
01
1
Public
2­
year,
tuition
only
(
in­
state)

Total
Tuition
(
instate
Total
Tuition
(
instate
Room
Board
Total
Tuition
Total
Tuition
Room
Board
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
United
States
........
$
8,275
$
3,349
$
8,655
$
3,506
$
2,651
$
2,498
$
20,706
$
14,588
$
21,907
$
15,531
$
3,387
$
2,989
$
1,338
$
1,359
Alabama
.....................
6,743
2,831
7,338
2,987
2,252
2,099
13,505
8,917
14,248
9,430
2,325
2,494
1,486
1,671
Alaska
........................
8,346
2,852
8,386
2,936
2,923
2,526
13,855
8,661
14,378
9,104
2,128
3,145
2,028
2,088
Arizona
.......................
7,368
2,252
7,872
2,346
2,633
2,893
14,177
7,873
14,935
9,185
3,583
2,167
902
924
Arkansas
....................
6,408
2,784
6,789
3,006
1,946
1,837
12,116
8,470
13,361
9,101
1,930
2,330
1,068
1,159
California
....................
9,179
2,562
9,592
2,561
3,687
3,344
22,058
14,996
24,993
17,590
3,966
3,437
317
316
Colorado
.....................
7,992
2,776
8,360
2,980
2,523
2,858
19,933
13,254
23,599
15,962
3,828
3,808
1,553
1,655
Connecticut
................
10,087
4,381
10,512
4,543
3,271
2,698
27,195
19,772
27,818
20,151
4,229
3,437
1,895
1,867
Delaware
....................
9,875
4,642
10,290
4,797
2,942
2,551
13,819
8,269
14,041
8,453
3,014
2,575
1,616
1,680
District
of
Columbia
....
(
2)
2,070
(
2)
2,070
(
2)
(
2)
25,909
18,447
27,143
19,310
4,929
2,903
(
2)
(
2)
Florida
........................
7,483
2,242
7,944
2,365
2,964
2,614
18,215
12,352
19,800
13,723
3,171
2,906
1,333
1,438
Georgia
......................
7,308
2,524
7,455
2,698
2,599
2,157
18,628
12,660
19,743
13,570
3,499
2,674
1,366
1,374
Hawaii
........................
8,048
2,962
8,286
2,974
2,225
3,087
15,250
7,568
15,997
8,024
3,527
4,446
1,051
1,067
Idaho
..........................
6,312
2,453
6,763
2,627
1,841
2,295
16,931
12,893
17,783
13,661
2,070
2,053
1,253
1,316
Illinois
.........................
8,998
4,040
9,533
4,177
2,516
2,840
20,802
14,729
21,941
15,477
3,557
2,907
1,499
1,534
Indiana
.......................
8,851
3,647
9,232
3,785
2,435
3,012
20,778
15,643
21,390
16,080
2,682
2,628
2,125
2,125
Iowa
............................
7,209
2,998
7,589
3,158
2,341
2,090
18,672
14,055
19,454
14,669
2,217
2,569
2,056
2,149
Kansas
.......................
6,312
2,435
6,650
2,637
1,931
2,082
14,917
10,632
15,627
11,179
1,938
2,510
1,308
1,379
Kentucky
....................
6,480
2,723
6,921
2,898
2,013
2,010
13,897
9,614
14,727
10,266
2,175
2,286
1,321
1,376
Louisiana
....................
5,946
2,445
6,304
2,773
1,710
1,821
20,556
14,516
22,154
15,784
3,367
3,003
912
929
Maine
.........................
9,089
4,120
9,361
4,259
2,501
2,601
26,839
20,798
22,689
16,433
3,069
3,187
2,592
2,599
Maryland
....................
10,352
4,552
10,846
4,778
3,370
2,698
24,704
17,781
26,034
18,968
3,994
3,072
2,260
2,271
Massachusetts
...........
9,248
4,133
9,206
4,003
2,814
2,389
27,845
20,088
28,669
20,586
4,447
3,637
1,927
1,891
Michigan
.....................
9,506
4,530
9,841
4,626
2,494
2,721
15,282
10,477
16,040
11,188
2,388
2,464
1,741
1,739
Minnesota
...................
7,717
3,817
8,146
4,024
2,290
1,831
20,445
15,562
21,556
16,456
2,571
2,528
2,372
2,512
Mississippi
..................
6,475
2,879
7,181
2,967
2,130
2,084
12,550
8,808
13,717
9,612
2,009
2,095
971
1,134
Missouri
......................
8,180
3,700
8,201
3,878
2,503
1,821
16,976
11,897
17,852
12,603
2,696
2,554
1,441
1,482
Montana
.....................
7,460
3,010
7,607
3,076
2,089
2,442
13,245
8,790
14,298
9,489
1,982
2,827
1,955
2,007
Nebraska
....................
7,275
2,932
7,335
3,097
2,038
2,200
15,639
11,305
16,381
11,881
2,243
2,257
1,369
1,425
Nevada
.......................
7,802
2,027
8,252
2,349
3,360
2,543
12,671
7,155
17,397
11,027
3,090
3,280
1,211
1,371
New
Hampshire
.........
11,044
6,078
11,717
6,455
3,218
2,044
23,278
16,643
24,525
17,604
3,864
3,057
3,744
3,935
New
Jersey
................
11,458
5,261
11,998
5,607
3,778
2,612
22,952
15,938
23,860
16,773
3,783
3,304
2,155
2,295
New
Mexico
...............
6,608
2,340
7,085
2,626
2,115
2,344
14,589
9,561
18,985
14,074
2,416
2,495
824
866
New
York
...................
10,018
3,998
10,254
4,062
3,461
2,730
24,028
16,564
25,171
17,434
4,419
3,318
2,554
2,557
North
Carolina
............
6,480
2,052
7,080
2,299
2,378
2,403
18,614
13,494
20,169
14,277
2,656
3,236
778
891
North
Dakota
..............
7,008
2,993
6,405
2,938
1,327
2,140
10,952
7,681
11,392
8,021
1,469
1,903
1,891
1,903
Ohio
............................
9,900
4,502
10,449
4,740
3,043
2,666
20,733
14,826
21,045
15,475
2,820
2,749
2,374
2,294
Oklahoma
...................
5,747
2,187
6,000
2,257
1,598
2,144
14,357
9,832
15,397
10,667
2,196
2,534
1,239
1,250
Oregon
.......................
9,062
3,577
9,397
3,650
2,931
2,816
21,793
16,324
23,306
17,711
2,746
2,849
1,587
1,637
Pennsylvania
..............
10,544
5,613
11,087
5,918
2,752
2,417
23,635
17,006
24,779
17,874
3,699
3,206
2,117
2,285
Rhode
Island
..............
10,608
4,328
11,104
4,512
3,482
3,110
25,083
17,655
26,157
18,415
3,925
3,816
1,746
1,806
South
Carolina
...........
7,709
3,637
9,065
4,684
2,242
2,138
16,358
11,938
17,583
12,788
2,451
2,344
1,343
1,466
South
Dakota
.............
6,513
3,206
6,979
3,486
1,439
2,054
15,008
10,685
15,398
11,250
1,930
2,218
2,752
2,861
Tennessee
.................
6,569
2,699
7,661
2,950
2,133
2,578
17,006
12,133
18,139
12,921
2,750
2,468
1,315
1,441
Texas
.........................
7,512
2,648
7,634
2,803
2,507
2,324
16,043
11,247
16,973
11,944
2,552
2,477
890
931
Utah
............................
6,291
2,139
6,623
2,244
1,879
2,501
7,917
3,550
8,576
3,730
2,378
2,468
1,497
1,563
Vermont
......................
12,484
6,918
12,836
7,134
3,542
2,160
24,636
18,298
22,312
15,679
3,577
3,057
2,846
3,004
Virginia
.......................
8,618
3,730
8,744
3,723
2,664
2,357
17,927
12,758
18,700
13,299
2,678
2,723
1,139
1,132
Washington
................
8,303
3,355
8,917
3,604
2,624
2,690
20,141
14,765
21,510
15,882
2,888
2,740
1,649
1,745
West
Virginia
..............
7,100
2,548
7,287
2,548
2,304
2,435
17,002
12,242
18,338
13,066
2,351
2,921
1,592
1,667
Wisconsin
...................
7,273
3,315
7,385
3,414
2,154
1,816
19,368
14,347
20,271
14,994
2,639
2,638
2,107
2,262
Wyoming
....................
7,091
2,416
7,017
2,575
1,916
2,526
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
1,320
1,442
1
Preliminary
data
based
on
fall
1999
enrollments.
2
Not
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
the
entire
academic
year
and
are
average
charges.
Tuition
and
fees
were
weighted
by
the
number
of
full­
time­
equivalent
undergraduates
in
1999,
but
are
not
adjusted
to
reflect
student
residency.
Room
and
board
are
based
on
full­
time
students.
Data
for
1999
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
and
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
362
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
318.
 
Average
undergraduate
tuition
and
fees
and
room
and
board
rates
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
percentile
distribution
of
students,
type
and
control
of
institution:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
Type
of
student
charge
and
percentile
of
student
enrollment
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
4­
year
2­
year
Total
4­
year
2­
year
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Tuition,
room,
and
board
10th
percentile
.................
$
5,261
$
5,741
$
6,088
$
6,503
$
3,150
$
3,321
$
12,811
$
13,514
$
13,144
$
13,966
$
6,198
$
6,850
25th
percentile
.................
6,557
6,880
6,946
7,327
3,642
3,859
16,538
17,530
16,717
17,714
6,375
6,850
Median
(
50th
percentile)
7,936
8,279
8,072
8,484
4,474
4,680
21,311
22,427
21,412
22,493
10,032
13,220
75th
percentile
.................
9,254
9,644
9,387
9,816
5,467
5,825
26,436
27,430
26,468
27,476
17,653
17,062
90th
percentile
.................
10,970
11,384
11,122
11,611
6,557
6,895
31,400
32,659
31,422
37,715
21,089
21,845
Tuition
and
required
fees
10th
percentile
.................
767
745
2,013
2,129
308
315
6,825
7,582
7,488
8,305
3,400
5,013
25th
percentile
.................
1,441
1,504
2,390
2,534
783
830
9,350
10,730
10,450
11,548
6,235
6,843
Median
(
50th
percentile)
2,320
2,425
3,128
3,316
1,318
1,416
13,763
14,910
14,430
15,455
7,800
8,255
75th
percentile
.................
3,350
3,450
4,034
4,094
1,789
1,800
17,940
18,910
18,450
19,400
9,410
11,064
90th
percentile
.................
4,383
4,617
4,800
5,136
2,418
2,465
23,295
24,336
23,469
24,450
12,340
13,010
NOTE:
Data
are
for
the
entire
academic
year
and
are
average
charges
paid
by
students
Student
charges
were
weighted
by
the
number
of
full­
time­
equivalent
undergraduates
but
were
not
adjusted
to
reflect
student
residency.
The
data
have
not
been
adjusted
for
changes
in
the
purchasing
power
of
the
dollar.
Data
for
2000
 
01
are
preliminary
figures
based
on
fall
1999
enrollment.
Data
for
1999
enrollments
imputed
using
alternative
procedures.
(
See
Guide
to
Sources
for
details.)
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
and
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
319.
 
Average
graduate
and
first­
professional
tuition
and
required
fees
in
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1987
 
88
to
1999
 
2000
Year
Average
full­
time
graduate
tuition
Average
full­
time
first­
professional
tuition
Chiropractic
Dentistry
Medicine
Optometry
Osteopathic
medicine
Pharmacy
Podiatry
Veterinary
medicine
Law
Theology
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
All
institutions
1987
 
88
................................
$
3,599
$
6,996
$
9,399
$
9,034
$
7,926
$
10,674
$
5,201
$
12,736
$
4,503
$
6,636
$
3,572
1988
 
89
................................
3,728
7,972
9,324
9,439
8,503
11,462
4,952
13,232
4,856
7,099
3,911
1989
 
90
................................
4,135
8,315
10,515
10,597
9,469
11,888
5,890
14,611
5,470
8,059
4,079
1990
 
91
................................
4,488
9,108
10,270
10,571
9,512
12,830
5,889
15,143
5,396
8,708
4,569
1991
 
92
................................
5,116
10,226
12,049
11,646
9,610
13,004
6,731
16,257
6,367
9,469
4,876
1992
 
93
................................
5,475
11,117
12,710
12,265
10,858
14,297
6,635
17,426
6,771
10,463
5,331
1993
 
94
................................
5,973
11,503
14,403
13,074
10,385
15,038
7,960
17,621
7,159
11,552
5,253
1994
 
95
................................
6,247
12,324
15,164
13,834
11,053
15,913
8,315
18,138
7,741
12,374
5,648
1995
 
96
................................
6,741
12,507
15,647
14,860
11,544
16,785
8,602
18,434
8,208
13,278
5,991
1996
 
97
................................
7,111
12,721
16,585
15,481
12,250
17,888
9,207
19,056
8,668
14,081
6,558
1997
 
98
................................
7,246
13,131
17,393
16,075
12,685
18,654
9,544
19,355
9,013
14,877
6,761
1998
 
99
1
..............................
7,685
13,708
18,549
17,011
13,592
19,523
10,164
19,606
9,347
15,599
6,917
1999
 
2000
2
..........................
8,062
14,224
18,902
17,627
13,795
20,234
10,782
20,164
9,919
16,368
7,076
Public
3
1987
 
88
................................
1,827
 
4,614
5,245
2,789
5,125
2,462
 
3,523
2,810
 
1988
 
89
................................
1,913
 
5,286
5,669
3,455
6,269
2,218
 
3,889
2,766
 
1989
 
90
................................
1,999
 
5,728
6,259
3,569
6,521
2,816
 
4,505
3,196
 
1990
 
91
................................
2,206
 
5,927
6,437
3,821
7,188
2,697
 
4,840
3,430
 
1991
 
92
................................
2,524
 
6,595
7,106
4,161
7,699
2,871
 
5,231
3,933
 
1992
 
93
................................
2,791
 
7,006
7,867
5,106
8,404
2,987
 
5,553
4,261
 
1993
 
94
................................
3,050
 
7,525
8,329
5,325
8,640
3,567
 
6,107
4,835
 
1994
 
95
................................
3,250
 
8,125
8,812
5,643
8,954
3,793
 
6,571
5,307
 
1995
 
96
................................
3,449
 
8,806
9,585
6,130
9,448
4,100
 
6,907
5,821
 
1996
 
97
................................
3,607
 
9,434
10,057
6,561
9,932
4,884
 
7,343
6,565
 
1997
 
98
................................
3,744
 
9,657
10,501
7,366
10,358
5,065
19,541
7,742
7,004
 
1998
 
99
1
..............................
3,897
 
10,213
11,139
7,633
10,718
5,537
19,818
8,040
7,422
 
1999
 
2000
2
..........................
4,056
 
10,514
11,574
7,756
11,107
5,855
19,578
8,601
7,740
 
Private
1987
 
88
................................
6,769
6,996
16,201
14,945
11,635
13,311
8,834
12,736
12,544
9,048
3,572
1988
 
89
................................
6,945
7,972
16,127
15,610
12,050
13,536
9,692
13,232
13,285
9,892
3,911
1989
 
90
................................
7,881
8,315
16,800
16,826
13,640
14,117
10,656
14,611
14,184
10,901
4,079
1990
 
91
................................
8,507
9,108
18,270
17,899
13,767
15,009
11,546
15,143
14,159
12,247
4,569
1991
 
92
................................
9,592
10,226
20,318
19,225
14,366
16,098
12,937
16,257
15,816
12,946
4,876
1992
 
93
................................
10,008
11,117
21,309
19,585
14,459
17,098
13,373
17,426
17,103
13,975
5,331
1993
 
94
................................
10,790
11,503
23,824
20,769
14,156
17,720
14,838
17,621
17,433
15,193
5,253
1994
 
95
................................
11,338
12,324
24,641
21,819
14,497
18,422
14,894
18,138
17,940
16,201
5,648
1995
 
96
................................
12,083
12,507
25,678
23,001
15,235
19,619
15,618
18,434
19,380
17,251
5,991
1996
 
97
................................
12,537
12,721
26,618
24,242
15,949
20,714
15,934
19,056
19,526
18,276
6,558
1997
 
98
................................
12,774
13,151
29,923
25,189
16,415
21,710
16,307
19,316
20,299
19,171
6,761
1998
 
99
1
..............................
13,299
13,708
31,703
26,361
17,935
22,767
17,123
19,562
20,946
20,087
6,917
1999
 
2000
2
..........................
13,955
14,224
32,487
27,544
18,028
23,596
18,190
20,286
21,618
21,060
7,076
 
Not
available.
1
Preliminary
first­
professional
figures
based
on
1997
 
98
graduates.
2
Preliminary
graduate
figures
based
on
fall
1998
data
and
first­
professional
figures
based
on
1997
 
98
graduates.
3
Data
are
based
on
in­
state
tuition
only.

NOTE:
Average
graduate
student
tuition
weighted
by
fall
full­
time­
equivalent
graduate
enrollment.
Average
first­
professional
tuition
weighted
by
number
of
degrees
conferred
during
the
academic
year.
Some
year­
to­
year
fluctuations
in
tuition
data
may
reflect
nonreporting
by
individual
institutions.
Excludes
institutions
not
reporting
degrees
conferred
and
institutions
not
reporting
tuition.
Data
for
1987
 
88
to
1997
 
98
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics,''
``
Fall
Enrollment,''
and
``
Degrees
Conferred''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2000.)
363
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
320.
 
Percent
of
undergraduates
receiving
financial
aid,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
and
selected
student
characteristics:
1995
 
96
Selected
student
characteristics
Enrollment
of
undergraduates
1
in
thousands
Any
aid
Grants
Loans
Work
study
Other
Total
2
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
3
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Percent
of
all
undergraduates
receiving
aid
All
undergraduates
.............
16,677
49.7
36.6
32.0
39.0
21.9
27.6
25.6
25.3
1.1
5.0
7.4
2.4
4.8
Sex
Men
.....................................
7,197
46.7
33.1
31.4
35.8
18.2
26.4
24.4
23.9
1.3
4.3
8.7
2.7
5.8
Women
................................
9,481
51.9
39.2
32.5
41.4
24.8
28.5
26.5
26.2
0.9
5.6
6.5
2.2
4.2
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
............
11,681
47.1
33.2
31.1
35.4
16.6
26.9
25.6
25.2
1.0
4.6
7.5
2.5
4.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
............
2,030
62.9
50.0
38.3
52.8
38.1
31.7
30.9
30.4
1.3
6.1
9.8
2.6
7.0
Hispanic
...............................
1,723
54.2
44.6
30.6
47.3
36.1
27.2
22.3
22.0
0.9
5.8
5.2
1.5
3.6
Asian
American/
Pacific
Islander
................
967
42.9
33.1
30.8
35.7
22.9
27.5
21.3
20.7
1.3
6.6
5.7
2.2
3.5
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.................
163
59.4
47.8
37.1
48.4
37.3
27.3
25.2
25.2
0.2
3.9
12.0
1.5
7.7
Age
23
years
old
or
younger
......
9,116
53.5
42.1
34.0
41.7
22.7
30.9
31.1
30.7
1.2
7.7
7.7
4.4
3.4
24
to
29
years
old
...............
3,049
49.0
37.8
29.2
38.5
25.5
23.3
25.8
25.5
1.0
2.5
7.1
0.0
6.9
30
years
old
or
over
............
4,513
42.5
24.8
29.9
33.9
18.0
23.8
14.5
14.1
0.8
1.4
7.1
0.0
6.4
Marital
status
Married
................................
3,494
45.2
27.6
30.5
35.4
18.7
24.2
16.8
16.5
0.7
1.4
7.3
0.0
6.8
Not
married
4
.......................
12,861
50.4
38.4
32.2
39.4
22.0
28.5
27.9
27.5
1.2
6.1
7.3
3.1
4.1
Separated
............................
322
70.9
61.6
38.7
62.0
54.3
29.1
30.0
30.0
0.8
3.3
13.4
0.1
12.5
Attendance
status
Full­
time,
full­
year
................
6,306
68.4
55.6
45.7
54.1
30.6
41.0
43.7
43.2
1.7
11.0
10.9
5.0
5.9
Part­
time
and
part­
year
.......
10,372
38.3
24.8
24.0
29.9
16.6
19.7
14.4
14.1
0.7
1.4
5.4
0.8
4.3
Dependency
status
and
family
income
Dependent
...........................
8,201
50.9
39.2
33.4
38.8
18.9
30.7
30.5
30.1
1.3
7.8
7.7
4.9
3.0
Less
than
$
20,000
...........
1,543
70.2
62.9
43.0
66.3
57.0
40.4
35.4
35.2
1.1
10.9
6.5
3.0
3.6
$
20,000
 
$
39,999
.............
1,873
60.3
49.2
40.5
51.0
31.7
38.1
38.2
37.4
2.0
10.4
7.5
4.4
3.2
$
40,000
 
$
59,999
.............
1,865
47.4
34.6
31.8
30.4
3.7
29.2
32.4
32.2
1.1
7.8
9.0
6.3
2.9
$
60,000
 
$
79,999
.............
1,366
42.5
28.4
28.1
25.3
0.5
25.3
27.0
26.6
1.1
5.8
8.1
5.6
2.6
$
80,000
 
$
99,999
.............
681
37.6
24.4
24.4
50.4
0.2
20.3
23.3
23.1
0.6
4.9
9.0
6.0
3.2
$
100,000
or
more
............
873
27.5
13.9
19.7
17.3
0.3
17.1
12.6
12.2
1.0
2.7
6.0
4.1
1.9
Independent
........................
8,476
48.5
34.1
30.7
39.2
24.8
24.6
20.9
20.5
0.9
2.3
7.1
0.0
6.7
Less
than
$
9,999
.............
2,470
67.4
59.0
37.5
60.5
52.3
30.8
34.0
33.7
1.1
5.7
8.4
0.0
8.2
$
10,000
 
$
19,999
.............
1,923
50.6
38.6
29.8
38.4
24.4
23.2
23.7
23.1
1.3
1.6
7.7
0.0
7.2
$
20,000
 
$
29,999
.............
1,382
41.9
26.0
28.3
34.0
18.3
22.9
15.7
15.4
0.9
0.9
6.3
0.0
5.9
$
30,000
 
$
49,999
.............
1,502
36.3
16.4
27.3
24.7
6.0
21.0
12.3
12.1
0.4
0.6
6.9
0.0
6.2
$
50,000
or
more
..............
1,201
29.3
7.0
25.1
20.7
0.1
20.7
5.9
5.8
0.2
0.1
4.9
0.0
4.3
Housing
status
School­
owned
......................
2,292
73.6
60.0
54.6
59.5
26.6
51.6
53.1
52.5
2.4
18.9
13.7
9.3
4.7
Off­
campus,
not
with
parents
.............................
10,188
46.1
32.5
29.0
35.5
20.6
23.8
22.2
21.8
0.9
2.8
7.0
1.1
5.5
With
parents
........................
4,197
45.3
33.7
26.9
36.4
22.6
23.8
19.0
18.7
0.7
2.9
5.1
1.6
3.3
1
Numbers
of
undergraduates
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables,
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey.
Includes
all
postsecondary
institutions.

2
Includes
students
who
reported
they
were
awarded
aid,
but
did
not
specify
the
source
or
type
of
aid.

3
Details
on
federal
and
nonfederal
work
study
participants
are
not
available.

4
Includes
students
who
were
single,
divorced,
or
widowed.
NOTE:
Row
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and/
or
the
fact
that
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources.
Because
of
rounding
and
survey
item
nonresponse,
enrollment
data
may
not
add
to
totals.
Data
include
undergraduates
in
degree­
granting
and
non­
degree­
granting
institutions.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1997.)
364
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
321.
 
Average
amount
of
financial
aid
awarded
in
1995
 
96
per
student,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
and
selected
student
characteristics
Selected
student
characteristics
Enrollment
of
undergraduates
1
in
thousands
Any
aid
Grants
Loans
Work
study
Other
Total
2
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
3
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Average
1995
 
96
award
for
full­
time,
full­
year
undergraduates
enrolled
in
fall
1995
(
Award
averages
are
computed
for
students
participating
in
the
designated
program.)

All
full­
time,
full­
year
undergraduates
...............
6,306
$
6,832
$
5,362
$
3,883
$
3,864
$
2,001
$
3,599
$
4,345
$
4,288
$
2,747
$
1,371
$
4,904
$
6,334
$
3,463
Sex
Men
.....................................
2,843
6,847
5,553
3,952
3,759
1,961
3,532
4,396
4,339
2,729
1,350
4,983
6,261
3,788
Women
................................
3,462
6,821
5,225
3,831
3,939
2,027
3,648
4,308
4,251
2,762
1,384
4,818
6,400
3,053
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
............
4,500
6,836
5,549
3,848
3,762
1,894
3,541
4,437
4,366
2,912
1,367
5,070
6,426
3,550
Black,
non­
Hispanic
............
674
6,945
5,262
3,739
3,904
2,122
3,533
4,070
4,046
2,197
1,370
4,147
5,717
3,000
Hispanic
...............................
588
5,999
4,644
3,328
3,486
2,113
3,017
4,168
4,137
2,235
1,152
4,527
6,047
3,475
Asian
American/
Pacific
Islander
................
423
8,099
5,106
5,200
5,477
2,164
5,028
4,073
4,053
2,414
1,618
5,364
6,625
4,050
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.................
59
6,591
5,046
3,792
3,961
2,301
3,658
4,278
4,244
 
 
 
 
 
Age
23
years
old
or
younger
......
4,989
6,903
5,172
4,154
4,172
1,997
3,924
4,003
3,927
3,036
1,346
5,362
6,334
3,543
24
to
29
years
old
...............
686
6,909
6,165
2,814
2,829
1,992
2,087
5,471
5,471
1,668
1,569
3,652
 
3,364
30
years
old
or
over
............
631
6,255
5,628
2,941
2,887
2,033
2,247
5,391
5,389
1,611
1,516
3,633
 
3,380
Marital
status
Married
................................
600
6,143
5,587
2,926
2,744
1,914
2,225
5,296
5,284
2,826
1,576
3,729
 
3,318
Not
married
4
.......................
5,626
6,944
5,342
4,008
4,022
2,013
3,748
4,230
4,168
2,749
1,360
5,116
6,334
3,540
Separated
............................
80
5,378
4,877
2,473
2,650
2,061
1,850
4,532
4,519
 
 
2,675
 
2,703
Dependency
status
and
family
income
Dependent
...........................
4,659
6,938
5,137
4,253
4,279
1,969
4,027
3,900
3,820
3,015
1,348
5,475
6,334
3,590
Less
than
$
20,000
...........
808
7,198
4,921
4,063
4,682
2,329
3,896
3,778
3,737
1,844
1,317
3,616
4,534
2,858
$
20,000
 
$
39,999
.............
1,042
7,258
4,930
4,388
4,296
1,619
4,208
3,975
3,924
2,441
1,360
4,212
5,207
2,608
$
40,000
 
$
59,999
.............
1,043
6,913
5,090
4,436
4,176
1,147
4,180
3,908
3,819
3,044
1,387
5,277
5,643
3,807
$
60,000
 
$
79,999
.............
798
6,455
5,338
4,236
3,992
1,370
3,972
3,904
3,815
3,340
1,278
6,337
6,779
4,766
$
80,000
 
$
99,999
.............
399
6,758
6,008
4,207
3,839
 
3,843
3,793
3,731
 
1,288
7,756
7,936
6,671
$
100,000
or
more
............
568
6,051
6,319
3,816
3,481
 
3,465
4,082
3,707
6,051
1,523
7,990
9,705
3,668
Independent
........................
1,647
6,587
5,822
2,872
2,939
2,043
2,234
5,368
5,362
1,936
1,474
3,606
 
3,355
Less
than
$
9,999
.............
754
7,051
5,920
2,800
3,151
2,111
2,256
5,251
5,263
1,573
1,473
3,448
 
3,248
$
10,000
 
$
19,999
.............
377
6,310
5,695
2,653
2,756
2,115
2,060
5,526
5,516
1,678
1,708
3,174
 
3,061
$
20,000
 
$
29,999
.............
213
6,065
5,789
2,812
2,386
1,805
1,790
5,245
5,254
 
 
4,544
 
4,254
$
30,000
 
$
49,999
.............
187
6,420
5,857
3,770
2,687
1,147
2,951
5,949
5,856
 
 
4,247
 
3,797
$
50,000
or
more
..............
117
4,597
5,095
3,186
2,647
 
2,647
4,984
4,933
 
 
3,087
 
2,387
Housing
status
School­
owned
......................
1,802
8,907
5,931
5,370
5,409
2,118
5,039
3,996
3,887
3,235
1,408
5,929
6,728
3,772
Off­
campus,
not
with
parents
.............................
2,731
6,466
5,630
3,178
3,192
1,975
2,777
4,889
4,861
2,458
1,390
4,294
6,035
3,412
With
parents
........................
1,772
4,629
3,980
2,613
2,856
1,935
2,405
3,693
3,672
2,105
1,163
4,014
5,166
3,197
Average
1995
 
96
award
for
other
undergraduates
enrolled
in
fall
1995
(
Award
averages
are
computed
for
students
participating
in
the
designated
program.)

All
other
undergraduates
..
10,372
$
2,859
$
3,276
$
1,327
$
1,452
$
1,296
$
1,119
$
3,583
$
3,588
$
1,411
$
1,524
$
2,187
$
4,327
$
1,726
Sex
Men
.....................................
4,353
2,999
3,570
1,525
1,442
1,274
1,195
3,625
3,647
1,285
1,564
2,521
4,009
2,136
Women
................................
6,019
2,772
3,115
1,188
1,458
1,306
1,069
3,556
3,551
1,592
1,502
1,875
4,674
1,355
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
............
7,181
2,869
3,436
1,347
1,378
1,238
1,132
3,620
3,629
1,362
1,537
2,175
4,488
1,695
Black,
non­
Hispanic
............
1,356
2,889
3,166
1,320
1,524
1,315
1,119
3,491
3,500
1,259
1,570
2,081
3,879
1,817
Hispanic
...............................
1,135
2,526
2,740
985
1,431
1,352
829
3,434
3,437
1,646
1,372
2,040
3,325
1,735
Asian
American/
Pacific
Islander
................
544
3,563
3,592
1,817
2,038
1,526
1,549
3,842
3,777
 
1,612
3,356
5,212
2,150
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
.................
105
2,552
2,459
1,296
1,772
1,553
1,166
2,938
2,938
 
 
 
 
 
Age
23
years
old
or
younger
......
4,127
3,159
3,118
1,556
1,683
1,316
1,403
3,097
3,069
1,973
1,442
2,828
4,336
1,742
24
to
29
years
old
...............
2,363
3,062
3,612
1,265
1,308
1,254
944
4,053
4,067
1,071
1,564
2,098
 
1,985
30
years
old
or
over
............
3,882
2,395
3,233
1,181
1,308
1,302
977
4,023
4,097
1,086
1,763
1,669
 
1,562
Marital
status
Married
................................
2,894
2,365
3,201
1,208
1,259
1,245
987
3,979
3,984
1,155
1,994
1,721
 
1,650
Not
married
4
.......................
7,236
3,047
3,318
1,381
1,530
1,312
1,199
3,483
3,490
1,501
1,498
2,406
4,336
1,695
Separated
............................
242
3,123
3,021
1,430
1,515
1,301
768
3,517
3,481
 
 
2,411
 
2,514
Dependency
status
and
family
income
Dependent
...........................
3,542
3,278
3,241
1,675
1,766
1,320
1,555
2,978
2,941
2,029
1,415
3,053
4,336
1,595
Less
than
$
20,000
...........
736
3,260
2,892
1,567
1,967
1,480
1,504
2,879
2,847
 
1,451
2,250
3,059
1,322
$
20,000
 
$
39,999
.............
820
3,163
3,149
1,478
1,510
1,042
1,367
2,923
2,934
 
1,296
2,807
3,766
1,659
$
40,000
 
$
59,999
.............
822
3,347
3,467
1,788
1,658
608
1,692
2,886
2,843
 
1,407
3,333
4,447
1,571
$
60,000
 
$
79,999
.............
568
3,590
3,962
2,110
1,797
 
1,775
3,363
3,251
 
1,533
3,634
5,190
 
$
80,000
 
$
99,999
.............
283
3,012
3,787
1,697
1,865
 
1,865
3,139
3,118
 
 
2,602
 
 
$
100,000
or
more
............
305
3,315
4,881
1,849
1,674
 
1,674
3,244
3,053
 
 
4,390
 
 
Independent
........................
6,829
2,686
3,294
1,208
1,337
1,287
958
3,962
3,996
1,093
1,648
1,841
 
1,752
Less
than
$
9,999
.............
1,716
3,239
3,251
1,229
1,590
1,362
950
3,812
3,821
1,110
1,579
1,916
 
1,861
$
10,000
 
$
19,999
.............
1,546
2,870
3,325
1,200
1,326
1,366
836
3,970
4,059
883
1,735
1,941
 
1,936
365
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
321.
 
Average
amount
of
financial
aid
awarded
in
1995
 
96
per
student,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
and
selected
student
characteristics
 
Continued
Selected
student
characteristics
Enrollment
of
undergraduates
1
in
thousands
Any
aid
Grants
Loans
Work
study
Other
Total
2
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
3
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
$
20,000
 
$
29,999
.............
1,169
2,357
3,144
1,101
1,042
1,008
802
4,151
4,209
823
 
2,106
 
1,969
$
30,000
 
$
49,999
.............
1,315
2,091
3,496
1,224
1,020
737
1,007
4,162
4,139
 
 
1,740
 
1,511
$
50,000
or
more
..............
1,083
1,705
3,814
1,273
1,263
 
1,262
4,350
4,392
 
 
1,250
 
1,135
Housing
status
School­
owned
......................
490
2,782
3,362
1,267
1,371
1,273
1,045
3,815
3,828
1,461
1,669
1,960
4,356
1,696
Off­
campus,
not
with
parents
.............................
7,456
4,827
4,218
2,513
2,481
1,460
2,305
3,303
3,284
1,583
1,208
4,071
4,961
2,474
With
parents
........................
2,425
2,497
2,713
1,160
1,406
1,316
960
2,994
2,991
1,163
1,467
2,373
3,690
1,722
 
Not
available.
1
Numbers
of
undergraduates
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables,
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.
Includes
all
postsecondary
institutions.
2
Includes
students
who
reported
they
were
awarded
aid,
but
did
not
specify
the
source
or
type
of
aid.
3
Details
on
federal
and
nonfederal
work
study
participants
are
not
available.
4
Includes
students
who
were
single,
divorced,
or
widowed.
NOTE:
Row
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and/
or
the
fact
that
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources.
Because
of
rounding
and
survey
item
nonresponse,
enrollment
data
may
not
add
to
totals.
Data
include
undergraduates
in
degree­
granting
and
non­
degree­
granting
institutions.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1997.)

Table
322.
 
Undergraduates
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
aid
status
and
source
of
aid
during
1995
 
96,
and
control
and
level
of
institution
Control
and
level
of
institution
Number
of
undergraduates
1995,1
in
thousands
Cumulative
amount
borrowed
for
undergraduate
education
Aid
status,
1995
 
96,
in
percents
Nonaided
Receiving
aid,
by
source
Any
aid
2
Federal
State
Institutional
Other
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Full­
time
students
3
All
institutions
.................................................
6,306
$
7,747
31.6
68.4
55.6
19.8
27.7
10.9
Public
....................................................................
4,413
7,082
37.2
62.8
50.8
17.4
18.8
9.3
4­
year
doctoral
................................................
1,859
8,699
34.7
65.4
51.9
17.6
22.9
11.0
Other
4­
year
....................................................
1,070
7,168
30.7
69.3
59.8
22.8
19.1
8.6
2­
year
..............................................................
1,397
4,120
44.1
55.9
44.5
13.5
13.9
7.4
Less
than
2
 
year
.............................................
88
3,111
60.5
39.5
20.6
9.6
7.2
12.6
Private,
not­
for­
profit
............................................
1,555
9,460
19.7
80.3
64.0
28.1
56.3
14.0
4­
year
doctoral
................................................
508
10,415
29.4
70.6
55.4
19.5
52.3
13.3
Other
4­
year
....................................................
958
9,243
14.4
85.6
68.3
33.1
60.5
14.6
2­
year
or
less
..................................................
89
6,867
20.8
79.2
67.5
24.0
33.9
11.4
Private,
for­
profit
...................................................
337
6,942
13.8
86.2
79.7
12.8
11.5
17.2
2­
year
and
above
............................................
167
9,026
14.3
85.8
79.1
18.1
5.9
15.3
Less
than
2­
year
.............................................
170
4,745
13.4
86.6
80.3
7.6
17.0
19.1
Part­
time
students
3
All
institutions
.................................................
10,157
$
5,672
61.8
38.3
24.8
6.5
8.9
5.4
Public
....................................................................
8,519
5,265
66.3
33.7
20.8
5.5
7.4
4.7
4­
year
doctoral
................................................
1,211
8,210
41.8
41.8
31.2
7.5
10.1
5.8
Other
4­
year
....................................................
1,030
6,581
41.9
41.9
30.9
8.1
6.1
4.8
2­
year
..............................................................
6,174
3,833
30.7
30.7
17.2
4.5
7.1
4.4
Less
than
2­
year
.............................................
105
3,274
34.3
34.3
13.9
13.9
4.4
8.6
Private,
not­
for­
profit
............................................
1,070
8,302
44.4
55.6
34.9
12.8
21.2
8.6
4­
year
doctoral
................................................
280
9,474
51.0
51.0
27.7
10.2
22.5
8.4
Other
4­
year
....................................................
668
8,305
58.4
58.4
37.0
14.6
22.0
8.9
2­
year
or
less
..................................................
123
5,529
50.8
50.8
39.7
9.0
14.5
7.8
Private,
for­
profit
...................................................
567
5,194
25.9
74.1
66.4
9.5
8.9
10.4
2­
year
and
above
............................................
269
6,395
74.5
74.5
66.9
11.2
6.7
12.2
Less
than
2­
year
.............................................
298
4,055
73.8
73.8
66.1
7.9
10.9
8.7
1
Numbers
of
undergraduates
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables,
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.
2
Includes
students
who
reported
that
they
were
awarded
aid
but
did
not
specify
the
source
of
the
aid.
3
Full­
time
students
are
students
who
attend
full­
time
for
the
entire
academic
year.
All
other
students,
including
those
who
attend
full­
time
for
part
of
the
academic
year,
are
counted
as
part­
time
students.
NOTE:
Because
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources,
percents
do
not
add
to
totals.
Excludes
students
whose
attendance
status
was
not
reported.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1997.)
366
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
323.
 
Percent
of
undergraduates
receiving
aid,
by
type
and
source
of
aid
received,
and
by
control
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
Control
and
level
of
institution
Number
of
undergraduates
1
in
thousands
Percent
receiving
aid,
by
type
and
source
Any
aid
Grants
Loans
Work­
study
Other
Total
2
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
Total
Federal
3
Total
Federal
Nonfederal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Full­
time
students,
4
1992
 
93
All
institutions
..........
6,000
57.9
45.6
37.9
48.1
29.4
34.0
33.6
32.7
2.7
10.2
6.8
9.5
5.2
4.6
Public
.............................
4,110
51.9
40.0
33.0
42.3
27.8
29.1
26.9
26.1
2.0
6.8
4.2
7.9
3.7
4.4
4­
year
doctoral
..........
1,772
53.7
39.3
34.8
41.9
23.8
30.8
33.0
32.2
2.4
7.1
4.3
8.6
5.0
3.9
Other
4­
year
..............
1,087
56.4
46.1
37.4
45.5
32.1
32.4
33.7
32.7
2.8
9.5
5.5
7.9
4.2
3.8
2­
year
........................
1,196
45.9
36.0
27.0
40.6
29.9
24.3
12.7
12.3
0.7
4.1
3.0
7.0
1.3
5.7
Less
than
2­
year
.......
55
35.0
31.6
15.7
29.9
26.6
12.8
3.0
3.0
0.6
1.5
1.4
5.1
0.8
4.4
Private,
not­
for­
profit
......
1,469
69.5
53.4
58.0
62.1
27.7
54.1
46.5
44.9
4.9
22.2
15.9
12.1
7.7
5.0
4­
year
doctoral
..........
681
62.7
44.5
54.8
55.2
17.3
51.8
41.6
39.7
6.1
18.9
13.2
11.6
7.4
4.5
Other
4­
year
..............
719
75.5
60.8
62.7
68.7
35.6
58.1
51.7
50.3
4.1
27.0
19.7
12.2
7.9
5.3
2­
year
or
less
............
70
73.9
63.9
42.0
61.3
47.3
35.4
41.1
39.5
2.5
4.6
3.0
17.2
9.4
7.8
Private,
for­
profit
............
421
76.1
72.4
16.4
55.3
50.9
11.4
54.1
53.8
2.1
1.9
0.7
15.6
11.3
4.5
2­
year
and
above
......
182
80.6
77.4
22.7
49.5
43.4
16.4
65.2
65.2
3.0
3.5
1.4
24.6
18.8
6.5
Less
than
2­
year
.......
238
72.7
68.6
11.5
59.7
56.7
7.5
45.6
45.1
1.5
0.7
0.2
8.7
5.6
3.1
Full­
time
students,
4
1995
 
96
All
institutions
..........
6,306
68.4
55.6
45.7
54.1
30.6
41.0
43.7
43.2
1.7
11.0
9.0
10.9
5.0
5.9
Public
.............................
4,413
62.8
50.8
39.0
47.5
29.6
34.2
37.2
36.9
0.8
7.0
5.4
9.3
3.7
5.5
4­
year
doctoral
..........
1,859
65.4
51.9
42.2
47.6
26.1
37.2
44.5
44.1
1.4
7.4
5.3
11.0
5.6
5.4
Other
4­
year
..............
1,070
69.3
59.8
44.5
52.3
34.4
40.0
47.4
47.2
0.4
9.2
6.7
8.6
3.7
4.8
2­
year
........................
1,397
55.9
44.5
31.3
44.6
31.1
26.9
21.8
21.3
0.4
5.1
4.7
7.4
1.3
6.0
Less
than
2­
year
.......
88
39.5
20.6
27.5
30.9
18.5
16.0
4.4
4.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
12.6
0.1
12.0
Private,
not­
for­
private
...
1,555
80.3
64.0
67.6
71.3
28.6
64.8
56.9
56.2
3.4
24.6
21.0
14.0
8.2
6.1
4­
year
doctoral
..........
508
70.6
55.4
61.2
61.6
19.3
58.7
50.9
49.9
3.9
22.6
20.2
13.3
8.6
4.9
Other
4­
year
..............
958
85.6
68.3
72.5
77.3
32.5
70.1
60.4
60.0
2.6
27.6
23.0
14.6
8.2
6.7
2­
year
or
less
............
89
79.2
67.5
52.0
61.9
40.0
42.0
52.9
51.7
9.3
5.3
4.6
11.4
5.0
6.3
Private,
for­
profit
............
337
86.2
79.7
32.7
61.3
53.9
20.2
67.7
65.5
5.1
0.5
0.5
17.2
7.6
8.9
2­
year
and
above
......
167
85.8
80.3
33.0
60.0
49.1
26.0
70.9
70.9
1.4
0.7
0.7
15.3
7.8
6.9
Less
than
2­
year
.......
170
86.6
79.1
32.5
62.5
58.6
14.5
64.6
60.3
8.7
0.3
0.2
19.1
7.4
10.9
Part­
time
students,
4
1995
 
96
All
institutions
..........
10,157
38.3
24.8
24.0
29.9
16.6
19.7
14.4
14.1
0.7
1.4
1.1
5.4
0.8
4.3
Public
.............................
8,519
33.7
20.8
21.7
26.5
14.4
17.9
10.5
10.3
0.3
1.2
0.9
4.7
0.4
3.9
4­
year
doctoral
..........
1,211
41.8
31.2
23.7
28.9
16.9
19.0
25.9
25.6
0.7
2.4
1.4
5.8
1.7
3.9
Other
4­
year
..............
1,030
41.9
30.9
22.8
30.2
18.2
19.3
22.3
22.1
0.4
2.3
2.0
4.8
0.8
3.7
2­
year
........................
6,174
30.7
17.2
21.1
25.4
13.4
17.5
5.7
5.5
0.3
0.8
0.7
4.4
0.2
3.9
Less
than
2­
year
.......
105
34.3
13.9
26.0
27.8
12.3
17.4
2.2
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.6
0.0
8.3
Private,
not­
for­
profit
......
1,070
55.6
34.9
41.5
44.1
17.9
36.1
26.4
26.1
1.3
4.0
3.1
8.6
2.0
6.6
4­
year
doctoral
..........
280
51.0
27.7
39.7
39.3
12.0
34.3
24.4
23.6
1.4
4.6
3.7
8.4
2.1
5.9
Other
4­
year
..............
668
58.4
37.0
44.6
47.5
19.1
39.7
27.3
27.2
0.8
4.5
3.3
8.9
1.7
7.1
2­
year
or
less
............
123
50.8
39.7
28.3
36.8
24.6
20.5
26.2
25.9
4.3
0.4
0.3
7.8
2.9
5.1
Private,
for­
profit
............
567
74.1
66.4
24.3
53.4
46.4
15.3
50.3
49.3
4.6
0.4
0.4
10.4
4.2
5.7
2­
year
and
above
......
269
74.5
66.9
25.5
53.4
44.8
17.9
50.2
49.8
1.7
0.8
0.7
12.2
4.9
6.9
Less
than
2­
year
.......
298
73.8
66.1
23.2
53.5
47.9
13.0
50.5
48.8
7.2
0.1
0.1
8.7
3.5
4.7
1
Numbers
of
undergraduates
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables,
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.
2
Includes
students
who
reported
they
were
awarded
aid
but
did
not
specify
the
source
of
aid.
3
Details
on
nonfederal
work
study
participants
are
not
available.
4
Full­
time
students
are
students
who
attend
full­
time
for
the
entire
academic
year.
All
other
students,
including
those
who
attend
full­
time
for
part
of
the
academic
year,
are
counted
as
part­
time
students.
NOTE:
Excludes
students
whose
attendance
status
was
not
reported.
Because
some
students
receive
multiple
types
and
sources
of
aid
and
rounding,
details
may
not
add
to
totals.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1997.)
367
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
324.
 
Undergraduates
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
federal
aid
program
and
by
control
and
level
of
institution:
1995
 
96
Control
and
level
of
institution
Number
of
undergraduates
1995,
1
in
thousands
Percent
receiving
federal
aid
in
1995
 
96,
by
type
Any
federal
aid
Selected
Title
IV
programs
2
Any
Title
IV
aid
Pell
SEOG3
CWS4
Perkins
5
Stafford
6
PLUS7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Full­
time
students
8
All
institutions
..........................
6,306
55.6
54.7
30.1
9.1
9.0
7.6
42.2
5.0
Public
.............................................
4,413
50.8
49.9
29.2
7.2
5.4
5.4
36.0
3.7
4­
year
doctoral
..........................
1,859
51.9
50.9
25.5
6.9
5.3
8.5
43.2
5.6
Other
4­
year
..............................
1,070
59.8
59.1
34.0
8.4
6.7
6.0
45.8
3.7
2­
year
........................................
1,397
44.5
43.3
31.1
7.3
4.7
1.4
20.7
1.3
Less
than
2­
year
.......................
88
20.6
20.2
18.5
0.3
0.1
(
9)
4.4
0.1
Private,
not­
for­
profit
......................
1,555
64.0
63.2
27.4
13.0
21.0
14.4
55.1
8.2
4­
year
doctoral
..........................
508
55.4
54.5
17.8
9.7
20.2
17.0
48.9
8.6
Other
4­
year
..............................
958
68.3
67.6
31.4
15.2
23.0
14.3
58.8
8.2
2­
year
or
less
............................
89
67.5
66.8
39.5
8.3
4.6
1.4
51.2
5.0
Private,
for­
profit
............................
337
79.7
79.4
53.6
16.1
0.5
4.9
64.6
7.6
2­
year
and
above
......................
167
80.3
80.0
48.8
16.1
0.7
8.0
70.5
7.8
Less
than
2­
year
.......................
170
79.1
78.8
58.3
16.1
0.2
1.8
58.8
7.4
Part­
time
students
8
All
institutions
..........................
10,157
24.8
23.8
16.4
3.3
1.1
1.4
13.8
0.8
Public
.............................................
8,519
20.8
19.7
14.4
2.5
0.9
1.0
10.0
0.4
4­
year
doctoral
..........................
1,211
31.2
30.4
16.7
3.3
1.4
3.5
25.1
1.7
Other
4­
year
..............................
1,030
30.9
30.0
18.1
3.4
2.0
2.2
21.5
0.8
2­
year
........................................
6,174
17.2
16.0
13.3
2.3
0.7
0.3
5.3
0.1
Less
than
2­
year
.......................
105
13.9
13.0
12.3
(
9)
(
9)
(
9)
2.2
(
9)

Private,
not­
for­
profit
......................
1,070
34.9
33.5
17.1
4.7
3.1
3.4
25.3
2.0
4­
year
doctoral
..........................
280
27.7
27.5
11.6
3.9
3.7
5.2
23.2
2.1
Other
4­
year
..............................
668
37.0
34.9
18.2
5.3
3.3
3.3
26.2
1.7
2­
year
or
less
............................
123
39.7
39.4
24.2
3.1
0.3
0.1
25.8
2.9
Private,
for­
profit
............................
567
66.4
66.2
46.1
11.3
0.4
3.1
48.4
4.2
2­
year
and
above
......................
269
66.9
66.3
44.7
11.9
0.7
5.1
49.2
4.9
Less
than
2­
year
.......................
298
66.1
66.1
47.4
10.7
0.1
1.4
47.6
3.5
1
Numbers
of
undergraduates
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables,
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.
2
Title
IV
of
the
Higher
Education
Act.
3
Supplemental
Educational
Opportunity
Grants.
4
College
Work
Study
(
CWS).
Prior
to
October
17,
1986,
private,
proprietary
institutions
were
prohibited
by
law
from
spending
CWS
funds
for
on­
campus
work.
Includes
persons
who
participated
in
the
program,
but
had
no
earnings.
5
Formerly
National
Direct
Student
Loans
(
NDSL).
6
Formerly
Guaranteed
Student
Loans
(
GSL).
7
Parent
Loans
for
Undergraduate
Students.
8
Full­
time
students
are
students
who
attend
full­
time
for
the
entire
academic
year.
All
other
students,
including
those
who
attend
full­
time
for
part
of
the
academic
year,
are
counted
as
part­
time
students.
9Less
than
.05
percent.

NOTE:
Excludes
students
whose
attendance
status
was
not
reported.
Because
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources
and
rounding,
percents
do
not
add
to
totals.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)
368
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
325.
 
Postbaccalaureate
students
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
aid
status,
source
of
aid,
and
by
level
of
study
and
control
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
Level
of
degree,
control
and
type
of
institution
Postbaccalaureate
students,
1
in
thousands
Cumulative
amount
borrowed
for
postbaccalaureate
education
Aid
status
in
percents
Nonaided
Receiving
aid,
by
source
Any
aid
2
Federal
State
Institutional
Employer
Other
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Full­
time
students,
4
1992
 
93
All
institutions
.......
673
$
18,572
31.9
68.1
44.4
7.0
40.6
5.3
14.6
Master's
degree
..........
281
11,109
37.5
62.5
33.8
5.8
42.4
8.3
12.0
Public
.....................
163
9,335
34.6
65.4
33.9
7.8
44.0
7.6
9.7
4­
year
doctoral
...
139
9,597
34.3
65.7
32.4
6.7
46.3
7.7
10.1
Other
4­
year
.......
24
7,970
36.1
63.9
42.5
14.4
30.4
6.8
7.5
Private
....................
118
13,628
41.6
58.4
33.7
3.2
40.2
9.4
15.2
4­
year
doctoral
...
102
13,879
39.3
60.7
34.2
2.9
42.9
8.9
16.4
Other
4­
year
.......
16
(
5)
56.5
43.5
30.5
5.1
22.8
12.1
7.4
Doctor's
degree
..........
120
16,895
30.4
69.6
28.3
4.4
51.6
3.0
13.2
Public
.....................
73
12,758
30.3
69.7
22.3
6.5
55.5
3.9
11.7
Private
....................
46
21,742
30.4
69.6
37.8
1.1
45.5
1.7
15.7
First­
professional
........
211
30,045
23.0
77.0
68.2
10.0
37.0
2.3
20.3
Public
.....................
101
24,469
20.7
79.3
72.5
13.4
37.7
2.3
15.8
Private
....................
110
35,301
25.1
74.9
64.3
6.8
36.4
2.3
24.4
Other
graduate
...........
61
13,102
39.3
60.7
42.4
6.7
22.9
6.0
9.1
Full­
time
students,
4
1995
 
96
All
institutions
.......
861
$
27,122
23.9
76.1
49.3
4.1
43.4
9.6
22.7
Master's
degree
..........
387
18,806
27.4
72.6
43.6
2.4
42.8
16.4
22.5
Public
.....................
236
15,905
25.3
74.7
40.7
3.0
45.6
16.7
31.4
4­
year
doctoral
...
195
16,910
23.5
76.5
40.5
2.6
47.9
19.2
34.1
Other
4­
year
.......
41
11,417
34.0
66.0
41.4
5.1
35.0
4.9
18.7
Private
....................
151
22,568
30.6
69.4
48.2
1.4
38.3
15.9
8.7
4­
year
doctoral
...
104
23,816
28.8
71.2
44.6
1.5
42.2
20.2
11.5
Other
4­
year
.......
47
20,299
34.6
65.4
56.1
1.3
29.7
6.6
2.6
Doctor's
degree
..........
147
24,380
17.1
82.9
27.6
0.6
75.7
4.0
53.4
Public
.....................
94
22,687
14.1
85.9
27.6
1.0
77.8
5.1
62.1
Private
....................
53
28,083
22.5
77.5
27.6
0.0
72.0
2.1
37.9
First­
professional
........
253
37,540
16.8
83.2
73.9
9.4
31.6
2.2
8.7
Public
.....................
115
34,463
14.3
85.7
79.5
9.7
33.5
1.2
8.0
Private
....................
138
40,350
19.0
81.0
69.3
9.2
30.0
3.1
9.3
Other
graduate
...........
54
12,057
43.5
56.5
34.0
2.2
31.4
7.0
14.7
Public
4­
year
doctoral
......................
18
(
5)
36.9
63.1
32.2
4.0
35.2
(
5)
17.3
Public
other
4­
year
36
12,057
46.8
53.2
35.0
1.2
29.4
10.5
13.4
Part­
time
students,
4
1995
 
96
All
institutions
.......
1,869
$
16,193
59.3
40.7
13.8
1.4
16.7
26.0
10.4
Master's
degree
..........
1,118
14,635
56.3
43.7
15.1
1.2
16.5
27.9
10.3
Public
.....................
649
12,971
57.3
42.7
13.6
1.7
18.5
24.2
13.3
4­
year
doctoral
...
432
14,443
52.8
47.2
14.8
1.2
22.6
25.7
16.5
Other
4­
year
.......
217
9,273
66.4
33.6
11.1
2.8
10.3
21.4
6.9
Private
....................
470
16,904
54.9
45.1
17.2
0.5
13.7
33.0
6.3
4­
year
doctoral
...
255
19,948
55.3
44.7
17.7
0.6
17.2
29.0
7.6
Other
4­
year
.......
215
13,006
54.5
45.5
16.6
0.3
9.6
37.8
4.7
Doctor's
degree
..........
181
19,530
48.6
51.4
12.1
0.6
39.3
11.9
27.0
Public
.....................
119
16,288
46.1
53.9
9.5
0.9
42.5
13.2
32.5
Private
....................
62
24,882
53.3
46.7
17.2
0.0
33.3
9.3
16.6
First­
professional
........
60
32,803
32.2
67.8
47.4
4.3
27.0
14.2
7.0
Public
.....................
15
31,882
29.6
70.4
59.6
4.0
25.7
9.3
8.6
Private
....................
46
33,160
33.1
66.9
43.5
4.3
27.4
15.8
6.5
Other
graduate
...........
483
13,008
74.0
26.0
7.0
1.9
8.4
26.7
5.1
Public
4­
year
doctoral
......................
166
11,166
67.8
32.2
9.8
0.5
12.4
24.7
4.0
Public
other
4­
year
317
15,473
77.3
22.7
5.5
2.6
6.3
27.8
5.7
1
Numbers
of
postbaccalaureate
students
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
all
postbaccalaureate
students.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.

2
Includes
students
who
reported
they
were
awarded
aid
but
did
not
specify
the
source
of
aid.

3
Includes
aid
provided
by
corporations,
unions,
foundations,
fraternal
organizations,
community
organizations,
etc.

4
Full­
time
students
are
students
who
attend
full­
time
for
the
entire
academic
year.
All
other
students,
including
those
who
attend
full­
time
for
part
of
the
academic
year,
are
counted
as
part­
time
students.

5
Sample
size
too
small
to
permit
reliable
estimate.
NOTE:
Total
includes
some
students
whose
level
of
study
was
unknown.
Because
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources
and
rounding,
percents
do
not
add
to
totals.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)
369
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
326.
 
Postbaccalaureate
students
enrolled
full
time
and
part
time,
by
type
of
aid
and
by
level
of
study,
control,
and
level
of
institution:
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96
Level
of
degree,
control
and
type
of
institution
Postbaccalaureate
students,
1
in
thousands
Type
of
aid
in
percents
Any
aid
2
Fellowship
grants
Tuition
waivers
Assistantships
3
Employer
Loans
Any
loans
Stafford
4
Perkins
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Full­
time
students,
5
1992
 
93
All
institutions
..................
673
68.1
3.5
12.4
14.3
3.3
43.5
41.1
9.0
Master's
degree
.....................
281
62.5
3.5
15.6
18.1
5.1
32.5
30.5
5.0
Public
................................
163
65.4
2.2
20.5
22.4
4.8
32.2
30.8
4.0
4­
year
doctoral
..............
139
65.7
2.4
23.3
23.5
4.7
30.6
29.6
3.3
Other
4­
year
..................
24
63.9
1.0
4.4
15.8
5.3
41.5
38.4
8.3
Private
...............................
118
58.4
5.3
8.9
12.1
5.6
32.9
30.0
6.4
4­
year
doctoral
..............
102
60.7
6.2
9.5
13.6
5.7
33.6
30.8
6.8
Other
4­
year
..................
16
43.5
0.0
5.4
3.0
4.7
28.7
24.6
4.4
Doctor's
degree
.....................
120
69.6
9.3
19.4
27.0
2.2
25.8
23.9
3.5
Public
................................
73
69.7
4.2
23.1
31.6
3.1
20.6
18.9
2.9
Private
...............................
46
69.6
17.5
13.6
19.9
0.9
34.1
31.9
4.3
First­
professional
...................
211
77.0
0.9
5.6
4.4
1.2
67.8
65.5
19.3
Public
................................
101
79.3
0.4
5.4
4.3
1.3
71.8
69.9
23.2
Private
...............................
110
74.9
1.2
5.8
4.5
1.2
64.1
61.6
15.7
Other
graduate
......................
61
60.7
1.1
7.5
6.2
3.7
44.4
39.6
2.7
Full­
time
students,
5
1995
 
96
All
institutions
..................
861
76.1
5.2
11.7
19.5
5.0
48.7
48.0
8.1
Master's
degree
.....................
387
72.6
4.3
13.5
20.2
6.6
43.1
42.5
5.1
Public
................................
236
74.7
4.8
17.8
28.8
7.1
39.5
38.8
3.5
4­
year
doctoral
..............
195
76.5
5.2
19.5
31.1
7.6
39.2
38.6
4.0
Other
4­
year
..................
41
66.0
2.5
9.9
18.1
4.5
40.8
39.8
1.5
Private
...............................
151
69.4
3.6
6.7
6.6
5.8
48.6
48.2
7.6
4­
year
doctoral
..............
104
71.2
3.6
6.4
8.8
7.1
44.6
44.6
9.6
Other
4­
year
..................
47
65.4
3.7
7.4
1.9
3.2
57.4
56.1
3.3
Doctor's
degree
.....................
147
82.9
15.8
24.3
51.8
5.5
25.2
25.2
1.5
Public
................................
94
85.9
13.7
30.9
59.9
5.9
26.7
26.7
1.4
Private
...............................
53
77.5
19.6
12.4
37.3
4.9
22.6
22.6
1.7
First­
professional
...................
253
83.2
1.4
3.0
4.0
1.3
74.4
73.0
18.4
Public
................................
115
85.7
2.0
3.8
4.1
1.5
79.0
78.6
20.7
Private
...............................
138
81.0
0.9
2.4
3.8
1.2
70.6
68.3
16.4
Other
graduate
......................
54
56.5
2.1
9.8
6.4
6.1
31.3
30.9
1.7
Public
4­
year
doctoral
.......
18
63.1
0.0
9.2
6.2
1.8
30.2
30.2
3.6
Public
other
4­
year
...........
36
53.2
3.1
10.1
6.6
8.3
31.8
31.2
0.7
Part­
time
students,
5
1995
 
96
All
institutions
..................
1,869
40.7
0.8
6.1
7.4
16.1
13.4
13.1
0.9
Master's
degree
.....................
1,118
43.7
0.8
5.6
7.4
18.4
14.5
14.2
0.7
Public
................................
649
42.7
0.8
6.0
10.7
16.0
13.2
12.9
0.9
4­
year
doctoral
..............
432
47.2
1.0
7.1
13.7
16.6
14.3
14.2
1.0
Other
4­
year
..................
217
33.6
0.4
3.9
4.9
14.8
11.0
10.5
0.6
Private
...............................
470
45.1
0.9
5.1
2.7
21.7
16.4
16.1
0.5
4­
year
doctoral
..............
255
44.7
1.2
4.3
4.0
18.3
17.6
17.0
0.8
Other
4­
year
..................
215
45.5
0.5
5.9
1.2
25.9
15.0
14.9
0.1
Doctor's
degree
.....................
181
51.4
2.5
12.7
26.0
9.0
12.0
12.0
0.4
Public
................................
119
53.9
3.1
15.6
31.9
9.2
9.2
9.2
0.3
Private
...............................
62
46.7
1.4
7.4
14.7
8.6
17.2
17.2
0.7
First­
professional
...................
60
67.8
1.4
3.8
3.1
7.0
47.8
45.7
8.6
Public
................................
15
70.4
1.6
4.8
7.9
7.5
58.1
57.4
12.2
Private
...............................
46
66.9
1.3
3.5
1.6
6.8
44.5
41.9
8.6
Other
graduate
......................
483
26.0
0.2
5.5
1.5
13.3
6.7
6.5
0.5
Public
4­
year
doctoral
.......
166
32.2
0.0
8.6
0.4
14.9
9.7
9.6
0.6
Public
other
4­
year
...........
317
22.7
0.2
3.8
2.1
12.4
5.2
5.0
0.4
1
Numbers
of
postbaccalaureate
students
may
not
equal
figures
reported
in
other
tables
since
these
data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
all
postbaccalaureate
students.
Includes
students
who
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
academic
year.

2
Includes
students
who
reported
they
were
awarded
aid
but
did
not
specify
the
source
of
aid.

3
Includes
students
who
received
teaching
or
research
assistantships
and/
or
participated
in
work­
study
programs.

4
Stafford
loans,
formerly
Guaranteed
Student
Loans
(
GSL).
5
Full­
time
students
are
students
who
attend
full­
time
for
the
entire
academic
year.
All
other
students,
including
those
who
attend
full­
time
for
part
of
the
academic
year,
are
counted
as
part­
time
students.

NOTE:
Excludes
students
whose
attendance
status
was
not
reported.
Total
includes
some
students
whose
level
of
study
was
unknown.
Because
some
students
receive
aid
from
multiple
sources
and
rounding,
details
do
not
add
to
totals.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study,
1992
 
93
and
1995
 
96.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1997.)
370
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
327.
 
Scholarship
and
fellowship
awards
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
control
of
institution:
1959
 
60
to
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands]

Year
Total
scholarship
and
fellowship
awards
1
Scholarship
and
fellowship
awards
from
unrestricted
funds
1
Scholarship
and
fellowship
awards
from
restricted
funds
1
All
institutions
Public
Private
All
institutions
Public
Private
All
institutions
Public
Private
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Higher
education
institutions
2
1959
 
60
............................
$
172,051
$
59,673
$
112,377
 
 
 
 
 
 
1961
 
62
............................
228,765
78,255
150,510
 
 
 
 
 
 
1963
 
64
............................
300,370
107,767
192,603
 
 
 
 
 
 
1965
 
66
............................
425,524
153,256
272,269
 
 
 
 
 
 
1966
 
67
............................
583,390
248,077
335,311
 
 
 
 
 
 
1967
 
68
............................
712,425
326,915
385,510
 
 
 
 
 
 
1968
 
69
............................
814,755
367,433
447,322
 
 
 
 
 
 
1969
 
70
............................
984,594
456,977
527,617
 
 
 
 
 
 
1970
 
71
............................
1,098,198
528,243
569,955
 
 
 
 
 
 
1971
 
72
............................
1,241,372
621,387
619,986
 
 
 
 
 
 
1972
 
73
............................
1,322,411
656,054
666,357
 
 
 
 
 
 
1973
 
74
............................
1,396,488
705,691
690,797
 
 
 
 
 
 
1974
 
75
............................
1,449,542
718,780
730,762
$
631,801
$
267,191
$
364,610
$
817,741
$
451,589
$
366,152
1975
 
76
............................
1,635,859
798,515
837,343
686,604
276,334
410,269
949,255
522,181
427,074
1976
 
77
............................
1,770,215
859,011
911,204
748,763
291,073
457,690
1,021,451
567,938
453,514
1977
 
78
............................
1,839,298
840,666
998,632
818,101
305,563
512,537
1,021,197
535,102
486,095
1978
 
79
............................
1,944,599
861,578
1,083,021
883,213
326,201
557,012
1,061,386
535,377
526,009
1979
 
80
............................
2,200,468
970,363
1,230,106
904,876
324,224
580,652
1,295,592
646,138
649,454
1980
 
81
............................
2,504,525
1,064,864
1,439,661
1,080,614
367,476
713,138
1,423,911
697,388
726,523
1981
 
82
............................
2,684,945
1,088,717
1,596,228
1,236,081
374,632
861,449
1,448,864
714,085
734,779
1982
 
83
............................
2,922,897
1,188,383
1,734,514
1,478,762
460,291
1,018,470
1,444,136
728,092
716,044
1983
 
84
............................
3,301,673
1,276,644
2,025,028
1,738,188
518,626
1,219,562
1,563,485
758,018
805,466
1984
 
85
............................
3,670,355
1,374,803
2,295,551
1,961,597
569,058
1,392,539
1,708,758
805,745
903,012
1985
 
86
............................
4,160,174
1,575,909
2,584,266
2,285,116
696,973
1,588,143
1,875,059
878,935
996,123
1986
 
87
............................
4,776,100
1,751,671
3,024,430
2,644,615
750,931
1,893,684
2,131,486
1,000,740
1,130,746
1987
 
88
............................
5,325,358
1,941,389
3,383,968
2,941,143
830,195
2,110,948
2,384,215
1,111,194
1,273,021
1988
 
89
............................
5,918,666
2,150,350
3,768,316
3,282,698
944,001
2,338,697
2,635,969
1,206,349
1,429,619
1989
 
90
............................
6,655,544
2,386,493
4,269,051
3,853,904
1,099,425
2,754,479
2,801,640
1,287,068
1,514,572
1990
 
91
............................
7,551,184
2,688,532
4,862,651
4,445,106
1,270,158
3,174,947
3,106,078
1,418,374
1,687,704
1991
 
92
............................
9,060,000
3,255,660
5,804,340
5,205,797
1,523,721
3,682,076
3,854,203
1,731,939
2,122,264
1992
 
93
............................
10,148,373
3,727,838
6,420,536
5,949,037
1,745,339
4,203,697
4,199,337
1,982,498
2,216,838
1993
 
94
............................
11,238,010
4,222,923
7,015,087
6,644,717
1,934,617
4,710,100
4,593,293
2,288,306
2,304,987
1994
 
95
............................
12,285,328
4,662,023
7,623,304
7,329,384
2,149,036
5,180,348
4,955,944
2,512,988
2,442,957
1995
 
96
............................
13,138,965
5,085,519
8,053,446
8,206,014
2,456,142
5,749,873
4,932,951
2,629,377
2,303,573
Degree­
granting
institutions
3
1995
 
96
............................
13,195,102
5,084,653
8,110,450
8,213,049
2,457,139
5,755,910
4,982,054
2,627,514
2,354,540
1996
 
97
4
..........................
 
5,573,209
 
 
2,736,726
 
 
2,836,483
 
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
Supplemental
Educational
Opportunity
Grants
and
State
Student
Incentive
Grants,
but
excludes
Pell
Grants.

2
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

3
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
4
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
371
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
328.
 
Pell
Grant
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions
compared
to
current­
fund
revenue
and
tuition,

by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1985
 
86
to
1996
 
97
[
Dollars
in
thousands]

Year
and
type
of
institution
Total
Public
Private
Current­
fund
revenue
Tuition
Pell
Grant
revenue
Pell
Grants
as
a
percent
of
current­
fund
revenue
Current­
fund
revenue
Tuition
Pell
Grant
revenue
Pell
Grants
as
a
percent
of
current­
fund
revenue
Current­
fund
revenue
Tuition
Pell
Grant
revenue
Pell
Grants
as
a
percent
of
current­
fund
revenue
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Higher
education
institutions
1
1985
 
86
..........................
$
100,437,616
$
23,116,605
$
2,565,048
2.6
$
65,004,632
$
9,439,177
$
1,873,456
2.9
$
35,432,985
$
13,677,429
$
691,592
2.0
4­
year
.........................
88,144,386
20,498,399
1,770,042
2.0
53,746,503
7,539,717
1,214,303
2.3
34,397,882
12,958,683
555,739
1.6
2­
year
.........................
12,293,231
2,618,206
795,006
6.5
11,258,128
1,899,460
659,153
5.9
1,035,102
718,746
135,853
13.1
1987
 
88
..........................
117,340,109
27,836,781
2,496,133
2.1
74,771,255
11,184,657
1,876,777
2.5
42,568,854
16,652,124
619,355
1.5
4­
year
.........................
103,280,070
24,779,364
1,714,118
1.7
61,958,780
9,032,936
1,207,418
1.9
41,321,290
15,746,428
506,700
1.2
2­
year
.........................
14,060,039
3,057,417
782,015
5.6
12,812,475
2,151,721
669,359
5.2
1,247,564
905,696
112,656
9.0
1989
 
90
..........................
139,635,477
33,926,060
3,348,018
2.4
88,911,433
13,820,240
2,566,209
2.9
50,724,044
20,105,820
781,809
1.5
4­
year
.........................
122,858,290
30,302,689
2,253,803
1.8
73,415,696
11,090,012
1,591,684
2.2
49,442,595
19,212,677
662,119
1.3
2­
year
.........................
16,777,187
3,623,371
1,094,215
6.5
15,495,738
2,730,229
974,525
6.3
1,281,449
893,143
119,690
9.3
1990
 
91
..........................
149,766,051
37,434,462
3,510,537
2.3
94,904,506
15,258,024
2,725,357
2.9
54,861,545
22,176,439
785,180
1.4
4­
year
.........................
131,743,973
33,405,241
2,312,931
1.8
78,272,989
12,188,851
1,647,376
2.1
53,470,984
21,216,389
665,554
1.2
2­
year
.........................
18,022,078
4,029,222
1,197,606
6.6
16,631,517
3,069,173
1,077,981
6.5
1,390,562
960,049
119,625
8.6
1991
 
92
..........................
161,395,896
41,559,037
4,238,047
2.6
102,202,890
17,460,263
3,312,386
3.2
59,193,006
24,098,774
925,661
1.6
4­
year
.........................
141,700,893
36,910,390
2,710,510
1.9
83,969,040
13,827,245
1,928,623
2.3
57,731,852
23,083,145
781,887
1.4
2­
year
.........................
19,695,003
4,648,647
1,527,537
7.8
18,233,850
3,633,018
1,383,763
7.6
1,461,153
1,015,629
143,774
9.8
1992
 
93
..........................
170,880,503
45,346,071
4,701,905
2.8
108,186,484
19,490,221
3,663,529
3.4
62,694,018
25,855,850
1,038,377
1.7
4­
year
.........................
150,075,119
40,127,624
2,982,999
2.0
88,952,983
15,406,746
2,097,638
2.4
61,122,135
24,720,878
885,360
1.4
2­
year
.........................
20,805,384
5,218,447
1,718,907
8.3
19,233,501
4,083,475
1,565,890
8.1
1,571,883
1,134,972
153,017
9.7
1993
 
94
..........................
179,226,601
48,646,538
4,564,790
2.5
112,968,097
20,825,388
3,543,643
3.1
66,258,504
27,821,149
1,021,147
1.5
4­
year
.........................
157,265,446
43,052,545
2,674,392
1.7
92,747,344
16,457,225
1,860,187
2.0
64,518,102
26,595,320
814,204
1.3
2­
year
.........................
21,961,155
5,593,993
1,890,399
8.6
20,220,753
4,368,164
1,683,456
8.3
1,740,402
1,225,829
206,942
11.9
1994
 
95
..........................
189,120,570
51,506,876
4,524,313
2.4
119,312,493
21,908,104
3,594,407
3.0
69,808,077
29,598,772
929,906
1.3
4­
year
.........................
166,144,023
45,863,702
2,690,643
1.6
97,963,262
17,385,587
1,890,393
1.9
68,180,761
28,478,115
800,250
1.2
2­
year
.........................
22,976,547
5,643,174
1,833,670
8.0
21,349,231
4,522,517
1,704,014
8.0
1,627,317
1,120,657
129,656
8.0
1995
 
96
..........................
197,414,848
54,725,982
4,504,570
2.3
123,378,526
23,222,284
3,595,360
2.9
74,036,321
31,503,698
909,210
1.2
4­
year
.........................
173,428,636
48,892,798
2,692,691
1.6
101,029,863
18,510,094
1,906,264
1.9
72,398,773
30,382,704
786,427
1.1
2­
year
.........................
23,986,211
5,833,184
1,811,879
7.6
22,348,663
4,712,190
1,689,096
7.6
1,637,548
1,120,994
122,783
7.5
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1995
 
96
..........................
197,973,236
55,260,293
4,598,793
2.3
123,501,152
23,257,454
3,603,696
2.9
74,472,083
32,002,839
995,097
1.3
4­
year
.........................
173,358,920
48,937,146
2,692,395
1.6
101,033,907
18,512,146
1,906,294
1.9
72,325,013
30,425,000
786,101
1.1
2­
year
.........................
24,614,316
6,323,147
1,906,398
7.7
22,467,245
4,745,308
1,697,402
7.6
2,147,071
1,577,839
208,997
9.7
1996
 
97
3
.......................
 
 
 
 
130,035,326
24,700,424
3,870,268
3.0
 
 
 
 
4­
year
.........................
 
 
 
 
106,823,399
19,760,597
2,059,333
1.9
 
 
 
 
2­
year
.........................
 
 
 
 
23,211,926
4,939,827
1,810,935
7.8
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

3
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Pell
Grants
which
are
spent
on
campus
for
tuition,
room,
board
or
other
college
expenses
are
included
in
current­
fund
revenue.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
372
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
STUDENT
CHARGES
Table
329.
 
State
awards
for
need­
based
undergraduate
scholarship
and
grant
programs,
by
state:
1987
 
88
to
1997
 
98
[
In
thousands]

State
1987
 
88
1988
 
89
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1
1993
 
94
1
1994
 
95
1
1995
 
96
1
1996
 
97
1
1997
 
98
1
Percent
change,
1987
 
88
to
1997
 
98
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Need­
based
aid
as
a
percent
of
all
state
financial
aid
3
........................
81.0
78.2
76.8
77.4
74.7
75.7
75.7
77.5
84.4
83.5
81.5
 
Need­
based
aid
....................
$
1,377,996
$
1,423,743
$
1,529,421
$
1,658,221
$
1,781,820
$
1,923,720
$
2,195,993
$
2,421,952
$
2,435,687
$
2,555,667
$
2,735,670
98.5
Alabama
....................................
2,260
2,196
2,984
2,878
2,183
2,271
2,283
2,281
2,142
1,950
2,270
0.4
Alaska
........................................
240
234
228
464
475
470
454
444
430
213
240
0.0
Arizona
......................................
3,222
3,508
3,420
3,318
2,278
2,437
3,476
3,482
2,291
2,748
3,160
 
1.9
Arkansas
...................................
3,759
3,903
3,946
3,885
4,742
6,319
7,701
8,907
10,765
12,569
13,160
250.1
California
...................................
118,819
129,264
153,045
161,642
172,852
151,379
207,969
232,067
235,582
257,544
284,410
139.4
Colorado
....................................
9,327
9,395
10,349
11,276
12,380
14,812
16,480
18,252
21,076
28,236
31,670
239.6
Connecticut
...............................
14,650
21,149
19,915
20,580
20,595
20,805
20,641
20,690
20,372
20,297
26,360
79.9
Delaware
...................................
807
829
956
1,066
906
1,121
1,270
1,033
1,188
959
1,290
59.9
District
of
Columbia
...................
1,106
1,075
1,069
947
978
1,015
1,022
1,022
939
4
939
940
 
15.0
Florida
.......................................
15,245
16,522
20,134
24,729
29,279
29,628
31,277
36,824
34,822
33,854
35,680
134.0
Georgia
......................................
4,599
5,197
4,607
5,070
5,084
4,951
26,853
5,147
4,757
2,165
1,060
 
77.0
Hawaii
........................................
563
598
726
612
632
724
748
732
499
379
590
4.8
Idaho
.........................................
343
348
346
350
483
580
634
779
763
714
710
107.0
Illinois
........................................
135,880
143,373
171,361
183,508
184,753
203,532
214,809
244,352
256,872
272,898
288,870
112.6
Indiana
.......................................
45,408
35,692
41,874
46,756
4
50,441
55,814
55,814
67,742
68,340
77,834
85,040
87.3
Iowa
...........................................
25,960
30,050
32,467
35,586
34,654
34,067
34,718
35,642
38,953
41,938
44,900
73.0
Kansas
......................................
5,337
5,540
6,478
6,462
6,587
6,894
9,060
9,802
9,526
10,171
10,310
93.2
Kentucky
....................................
12,161
12,522
12,605
19,866
16,996
20,520
20,619
25,517
26,215
28,902
27,200
123.7
Louisiana
...................................
1,880
1,947
2,786
3,827
4,446
5,125
6,374
6,429
6,580
7,172
8,190
335.6
Maine
.........................................
1,418
1,408
1,877
4,802
5,002
5,200
5,170
5,787
6,988
6,636
7,700
443.0
Maryland
....................................
8,737
12,841
14,800
15,607
16,253
20,828
23,713
24,571
30,350
36,264
37,190
325.7
Massachusetts
..........................
61,600
62,443
50,844
46,000
23,690
45,989
45,059
61,850
54,565
57,413
74,340
20.7
Michigan
....................................
70,099
75,467
70,721
68,918
78,116
75,469
79,735
81,340
84,154
85,872
90,480
29.1
Minnesota
..................................
63,300
68,293
58,136
74,656
81,322
83,170
102,920
97,920
92,069
92,707
96,400
52.3
Mississippi
.................................
1,230
1,251
1,243
1,136
1,131
1,244
1,255
1,248
1,175
540
1,070
 
13.0
Missouri
.....................................
8,394
10,234
10,796
11,078
10,142
11,097
11,124
11,913
12,233
13,681
14,690
75.0
Montana
....................................
419
420
415
383
414
418
401
419
393
314
460
9.8
Nebraska
...................................
1,094
1,052
1,276
2,192
2,370
2,613
2,686
2,726
3,114
3,211
4,090
273.9
Nevada
......................................
352
352
4
352
321
326
341
342
342
2,595
3,180
5,900
1,576.1
New
Hampshire
.........................
810
886
918
770
825
1,253
840
1,425
765
669
1,330
64.2
New
Jersey
...............................
70,298
76,204
84,347
87,054
100,220
118,868
135,251
159,683
132,383
152,458
153,420
118.2
New
Mexico
...............................
4,107
5,024
5,601
6,479
4
7,293
8,295
9,266
13,886
14,629
14,289
14,510
253.3
New
York
...................................
372,363
355,192
382,655
428,358
504,195
554,803
618,849
636,704
625,711
629,940
636,760
71.0
North
Carolina
...........................
4,559
4,489
3,046
2,519
2,908
3,163
14,436
13,774
16,659
17,435
37,090
713.6
North
Dakota
.............................
490
976
1,242
1,177
1,475
2,162
2,036
1,996
1,898
2,202
2,070
322.4
Ohio
...........................................
49,200
50,865
53,848
54,600
57,275
66,000
77,940
91,225
86,053
86,770
92,950
88.9
Oklahoma
..................................
10,245
9,861
11,591
11,871
12,612
13,286
13,405
13,325
13,642
14,558
16,920
65.2
Oregon
......................................
9,959
10,108
10,092
11,809
12,023
12,606
12,903
13,761
13,651
16,241
15,800
58.7
Pennsylvania
.............................
110,992
118,986
132,344
142,389
158,092
173,214
188,751
218,604
232,020
240,459
251,550
126.6
Rhode
Island
.............................
8,138
8,967
9,917
9,522
9,141
9,586
6,500
6,340
5,741
5,699
6,010
 
26.1
South
Carolina
..........................
16,346
17,810
18,150
17,901
16,800
17,105
16,795
17,297
18,622
21,540
21,920
34.1
South
Dakota
............................
516
506
504
468
480
587
589
589
562
346
0
 
100.0
Tennessee
.................................
12,591
11,977
12,977
13,487
12,793
13,723
16,755
18,313
18,811
18,652
20,440
62.3
Texas
.........................................
22,705
22,266
24,784
24,135
27,385
27,467
29,102
29,102
40,768
42,761
60,670
167.2
Utah
...........................................
1,133
1,081
1,091
1,001
1,034
1,115
1,132
1,129
1,197
2,170
1,960
73.0
Vermont
.....................................
8,414
9,264
11,137
10,184
11,019
11,120
11,167
11,788
11,865
11,309
12,330
46.5
Virginia
......................................
4,414
8,062
7,966
7,351
4,892
6,654
6,408
53,885
59,568
59,025
59,260
1,242.5
Washington
...............................
12,425
12,858
13,925
21,095
23,527
23,571
46,617
53,369
56,573
58,149
69,430
458.8
West
Virginia
.............................
5,189
5,204
5,217
5,559
5,781
5,868
5,802
6,761
8,132
10,527
12,140
134.0
Wisconsin
..................................
34,653
35,842
38,072
42,365
42,324
44,216
46,592
49,511
46,470
49,008
50,540
45.8
Wyoming
...................................
240
212
4
241
4
212
216
225
250
225
219
160
200
 
16.7
 
Not
available.
1
Estimated.
2
Changes
may
reflect
introduction
of
new
programs
or
discontinuation
of
existing
programs
3
Participation
requirements
vary
from
state
to
state.
4
Data
are
estimated
based
on
prior
year's
report.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Association
of
State
Scholarship
and
Grant
Programs,
Annual
Survey
Report,
(
1987
 
88
to
1994
 
95),
and
National
Association
of
State
Student
Grant
and
Aid
Programs,
Annual
Survey
Report
(
1995
 
96
to
1997
 
98).
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1999.)
373
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
330.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
Source
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
revenue
......................
$
65,584,789
$
100,437,616
$
139,635,477
$
149,766,051
$
161,395,896
$
170,880,503
$
179,226,601
$
189,120,570
$
197,973,236
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
13,773,259
23,116,605
33,926,060
37,434,462
41,559,037
45,346,071
48,646,538
51,506,876
55,260,293
Federal
government
............................................
9,747,586
12,704,750
17,254,874
18,236,082
19,833,317
21,014,564
22,076,385
23,243,172
23,939,075
Appropriations
.................................................
1,346,835
1,617,510
1,890,046
1,840,694
1,907,403
1,872,840
1,994,279
1,984,450
2,036,948
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
1,126,558
1,658,636
2,353,119
2,504,859
2,703,590
2,913,256
3,129,307
3,297,173
3,652,186
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
...................
6,005,317
7,190,345
9,773,266
10,443,977
11,561,444
12,589,727
13,554,435
14,421,419
14,713,289
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
................
1,268,877
2,238,259
3,238,442
3,446,552
3,660,881
3,638,741
3,398,364
3,540,129
3,536,653
State
governments
..............................................
20,106,222
29,911,500
38,349,239
39,480,874
40,586,907
41,247,955
41,910,288
44,343,012
45,692,673
Appropriations
.................................................
19,266,186
28,402,288
35,223,174
36,255,090
36,884,957
37,314,176
37,824,061
39,638,444
40,323,301
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
84,848
154,109
411,757
366,206
376,176
382,204
360,852
524,586
1,090,932
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
755,188
1,355,102
2,714,309
2,859,577
3,325,774
3,551,575
3,725,375
4,179,982
4,278,440
Local
governments
..............................................
1,790,740
2,544,506
3,639,902
3,931,239
4,159,876
4,444,875
4,998,306
5,165,961
5,607,909
Appropriations
.................................................
1,482,536
2,153,160
2,919,447
3,177,696
3,336,012
3,599,983
4,023,620
4,247,748
4,400,741
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
29,629
56,975
122,404
116,982
140,135
139,881
134,491
134,611
377,754
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
278,575
334,371
598,051
636,561
683,729
705,011
840,195
783,602
829,414
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
3,176,670
5,410,905
7,781,422
8,361,265
8,977,271
9,659,977
10,203,062
10,866,749
11,903,126
Unrestricted
.....................................................
1,210,903
2,111,972
2,634,974
2,720,233
2,921,997
3,229,718
3,400,457
3,556,608
4,072,454
Restricted
........................................................
1,965,766
3,298,933
5,146,448
5,641,032
6,055,274
6,430,259
6,802,605
7,310,141
7,830,672
Endowment
income
.............................................
1,364,443
2,275,898
3,143,696
3,268,629
3,442,009
3,627,773
3,669,536
3,988,217
4,562,171
Unrestricted
.....................................................
770,358
1,285,194
1,614,088
1,521,940
1,549,930
1,536,511
1,557,733
1,649,296
2,064,490
Restricted
........................................................
594,085
990,704
1,529,608
1,746,690
1,892,079
2,091,262
2,111,803
2,338,921
2,497,681
Sales
and
services
..............................................
13,677,366
21,274,265
30,787,233
34,107,502
37,519,828
39,824,766
41,791,319
43,039,561
43,009,873
Educational
activities
......................................
1,409,730
2,373,494
3,632,100
4,054,703
4,520,890
5,037,901
5,294,030
5,603,251
5,530,763
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
7,287,290
10,674,136
13,938,469
14,903,127
15,758,599
16,662,850
17,537,514
18,336,094
18,867,540
Hospitals
.........................................................
4,980,346
8,226,635
13,216,664
15,149,672
17,240,338
18,124,015
18,959,776
19,100,217
18,611,570
Other
sources
......................................................
1,948,503
3,199,186
4,753,051
4,945,998
5,317,651
5,714,523
5,931,167
6,967,023
7,998,116
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
revenue
......................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
21.0
23.0
24.3
25.0
25.7
26.5
27.1
27.2
27.9
Federal
government
............................................
14.9
12.6
12.4
12.2
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.1
Appropriations
.................................................
2.1
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
...................
9.2
7.2
7.0
7.0
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.6
7.4
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
................
1.9
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.1
1.9
1.9
1.8
State
governments
..............................................
30.7
29.8
27.5
26.4
25.1
24.1
23.4
23.4
23.1
Appropriations
.................................................
29.4
28.3
25.2
24.2
22.9
21.8
21.1
21.0
20.4
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
1.2
1.3
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
Local
governments
..............................................
2.7
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.7
2.8
Appropriations
.................................................
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
(
3)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.4
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
4.8
5.4
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.7
5.7
5.7
6.0
Unrestricted
.....................................................
1.8
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.1
Restricted
........................................................
3.0
3.3
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.9
4.0
Endowment
income
.............................................
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.3
Unrestricted
.....................................................
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
Restricted
........................................................
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
Sales
and
services
..............................................
20.9
21.2
22.0
22.8
23.2
23.3
23.3
22.8
21.7
Educational
activities
......................................
2.1
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.0
2.8
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
11.1
10.6
10.0
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.5
Hospitals
.........................................................
7.6
8.2
9.5
10.1
10.7
10.6
10.6
10.1
9.4
Other
sources
......................................................
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.7
4.0
1
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
included
under
tuition
and
auxiliary
enterprises.
2
Generally
includes
only
those
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
374
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
331.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
Source
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
revenue
.......................
$
43,195,617
$
65,004,632
$
94,904,506
$
102,202,890
$
108,186,484
$
112,968,097
$
119,312,493
$
123,501,152
$
130,035,326
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
5,570,404
9,439,177
15,258,024
17,460,263
19,490,221
20,825,388
21,908,104
23,257,454
24,700,424
Federal
government
............................................
5,540,101
6,852,370
9,763,427
10,783,842
11,655,011
12,465,038
13,191,843
13,672,467
14,320,821
Appropriations
.................................................
1,128,101
1,401,367
1,604,548
1,662,229
1,658,052
1,781,837
1,766,412
1,826,738
1,941,539
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
529,424
816,364
1,319,035
1,462,372
1,601,201
1,694,596
1,802,822
1,996,861
1,912,276
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
2
...................
3,812,197
4,481,723
6,629,484
7,426,627
8,155,317
8,776,458
9,368,072
9,598,340
10,194,204
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
3
................
70,379
152,916
210,360
232,613
240,441
212,148
254,537
250,529
272,802
State
governments
..............................................
19,675,968
29,220,586
38,239,978
39,107,560
39,789,641
40,536,393
42,854,681
44,242,546
46,332,349
Appropriations
.................................................
19,006,716
28,071,070
35,898,653
36,612,540
37,073,932
37,565,065
39,405,865
40,081,437
42,226,673
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
45,390
88,779
250,168
253,184
259,046
271,298
381,165
924,837
690,925
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
623,863
1,060,737
2,091,157
2,241,836
2,456,663
2,700,030
3,067,650
3,236,272
3,414,751
Local
governments
..............................................
1,622,938
2,325,844
3,531,714
3,778,615
4,040,897
4,508,604
4,756,884
5,074,511
5,084,957
Appropriations
.................................................
1,478,001
2,150,459
3,159,789
3,319,119
3,594,207
4,021,421
4,243,984
4,397,098
4,418,919
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
9,915
27,852
73,281
90,257
84,974
71,098
60,123
184,597
191,479
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
135,022
147,533
298,644
369,239
361,717
416,084
452,777
492,815
474,559
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
1,100,084
2,109,782
3,651,107
4,039,212
4,330,112
4,521,452
4,737,529
5,089,344
5,586,377
Unrestricted
.....................................................
110,462
279,381
529,496
650,468
686,214
698,497
684,264
784,979
900,397
Restricted
........................................................
989,622
1,830,401
3,121,611
3,388,743
3,643,898
3,822,955
4,053,266
4,304,365
4,685,980
Endowment
income
.............................................
214,561
398,603
431,235
593,998
667,711
639,343
693,313
721,079
785,993
Unrestricted
.....................................................
102,888
181,624
147,368
248,770
257,113
259,172
266,960
304,860
300,713
Restricted
........................................................
111,673
216,979
283,867
345,228
410,598
380,172
426,354
416,219
485,280
Sales
and
services
..............................................
8,455,449
12,990,670
21,546,202
23,738,382
25,282,113
26,404,241
27,517,662
27,399,796
28,882,147
Educational
activities
......................................
943,737
1,596,946
2,700,185
2,960,980
3,236,037
3,329,681
3,616,034
3,528,610
3,896,210
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
4,614,561
6,684,794
9,058,745
9,655,373
10,255,044
10,814,804
11,373,646
11,595,408
12,299,834
Hospitals
.........................................................
2,897,151
4,708,930
9,787,271
11,122,029
11,791,033
12,259,757
12,527,982
12,275,778
12,686,103
Other
sources
......................................................
1,016,110
1,667,600
2,482,819
2,701,019
2,930,778
3,067,638
3,652,477
4,043,955
4,342,257
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
revenue
......................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
12.9
14.5
16.1
17.1
18.0
18.4
18.4
18.8
19.0
Federal
government
............................................
12.8
10.5
10.3
10.6
10.8
11.0
11.1
11.1
11.0
Appropriations
.................................................
2.6
2.2
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.5
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.5
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
2
...................
8.8
6.9
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.8
7.9
7.8
7.8
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
3
................
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
State
governments
..............................................
45.6
45.0
40.3
38.3
36.8
35.9
35.9
35.8
35.6
Appropriations
.................................................
44.0
43.2
37.8
35.8
34.3
33.3
33.0
32.5
32.5
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.7
0.5
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
1.4
1.6
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.6
Local
governments
..............................................
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.9
Appropriations
.................................................
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.4
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
(
4)
(
4)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
2.5
3.2
3.8
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.3
Unrestricted
.....................................................
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
Restricted
........................................................
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
Endowment
income
.............................................
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Unrestricted
.....................................................
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Restricted
........................................................
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
Sales
and
services
..............................................
19.6
20.0
22.7
23.2
23.4
23.4
23.1
22.2
22.2
Educational
activities
......................................
2.2
2.5
2.8
2.9
3.0
2.9
3.0
2.9
3.0
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
10.7
10.3
9.5
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.5
9.4
9.5
Hospitals
.........................................................
6.7
7.2
10.3
10.9
10.9
10.9
10.5
9.9
9.8
Other
sources
......................................................
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
3.1
3.3
3.3
1
Preliminary
data.
2
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
included
under
tuition
and
auxiliary
enterprises.
3
Generally
includes
only
those
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
4
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
375
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
332.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
Source
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
revenue
......................
$
22,389,172
$
35,432,985
$
50,724,044
$
54,861,545
$
59,193,006
$
62,694,018
$
66,258,504
$
69,808,077
$
74,472,083
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
8,202,855
13,677,429
20,105,820
22,176,439
24,098,774
25,855,850
27,821,149
29,598,772
32,002,839
Federal
government
............................................
4,207,485
5,852,380
8,083,386
8,472,654
9,049,476
9,359,554
9,611,348
10,051,329
10,266,608
Appropriations
.................................................
218,733
216,143
254,000
236,146
245,173
214,788
212,443
218,038
210,210
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
597,134
842,272
1,138,283
1,185,824
1,241,218
1,312,056
1,434,711
1,494,351
1,655,325
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
...................
2,193,119
2,708,622
3,667,154
3,814,493
4,134,817
4,434,410
4,777,978
5,053,347
5,114,949
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
................
1,198,498
2,085,343
3,023,949
3,236,192
3,428,267
3,398,300
3,186,216
3,285,593
3,286,124
State
governments
..............................................
430,253
690,914
1,296,932
1,240,896
1,479,347
1,458,314
1,373,894
1,488,332
1,450,127
Appropriations
.................................................
259,470
331,219
364,270
356,437
272,417
240,244
258,996
232,579
241,864
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
39,458
65,330
114,419
116,038
122,992
123,158
89,554
143,421
166,095
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
131,326
294,365
818,244
768,421
1,083,938
1,094,912
1,025,344
1,112,332
1,042,168
Local
governments
..............................................
167,801
218,662
375,599
399,525
381,261
403,977
489,703
409,077
533,398
Appropriations
.................................................
4,535
2,701
9,003
17,907
16,893
5,776
2,199
3,763
3,643
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
19,714
29,123
39,999
43,701
49,878
54,907
63,393
74,488
193,156
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
143,552
186,838
326,598
337,917
314,490
343,294
424,111
330,826
336,598
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
2,076,585
3,301,124
4,412,787
4,710,158
4,938,060
5,329,865
5,681,610
6,129,220
6,813,782
Unrestricted
.....................................................
1,100,441
1,832,592
2,198,946
2,190,736
2,271,529
2,543,504
2,701,960
2,872,344
3,287,476
Restricted
........................................................
976,144
1,468,532
2,213,841
2,519,421
2,666,531
2,786,361
2,979,650
3,256,876
3,526,306
Endowment
income
.............................................
1,149,883
1,877,295
2,681,995
2,837,394
2,848,012
2,960,062
3,030,193
3,294,904
3,841,091
Unrestricted
.....................................................
667,471
1,103,570
1,449,846
1,374,572
1,301,160
1,279,398
1,298,562
1,382,336
1,759,630
Restricted
........................................................
482,412
773,725
1,232,149
1,462,822
1,546,851
1,680,664
1,731,631
1,912,567
2,081,461
Sales
and
services
..............................................
5,221,917
8,283,595
11,456,804
12,561,301
13,781,446
14,542,653
15,387,078
15,521,899
15,610,078
Educational
activities
......................................
465,993
776,548
1,208,322
1,354,518
1,559,910
1,801,865
1,964,349
1,987,217
2,002,153
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
2,672,729
3,989,342
5,465,187
5,844,382
6,103,226
6,407,806
6,722,710
6,962,448
7,272,132
Hospitals
.........................................................
2,083,195
3,517,705
4,783,295
5,362,401
6,118,309
6,332,982
6,700,019
6,572,234
6,335,792
Other
sources
......................................................
932,392
1,531,586
2,310,720
2,463,178
2,616,632
2,783,744
2,863,529
3,314,546
3,954,162
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
revenue
......................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Tuition
and
fees
...................................................
36.6
38.6
39.6
40.4
40.7
41.2
42.0
42.4
43.0
Federal
government
............................................
18.8
16.5
15.9
15.4
15.3
14.9
14.5
14.4
13.8
Appropriations
.................................................
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
2.7
2.4
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.2
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
...................
9.8
7.6
7.2
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.2
6.9
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
................
5.4
5.9
6.0
5.9
5.8
5.4
4.8
4.7
4.4
State
governments
..............................................
1.9
1.9
2.6
2.3
2.5
2.3
2.1
2.1
1.9
Appropriations
.................................................
1.2
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.4
1.8
1.7
1.5
1.6
1.4
Local
governments
..............................................
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.7
Appropriations
.................................................
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
..................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
......................
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
......................
9.3
9.3
8.7
8.6
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.8
9.1
Unrestricted
.....................................................
4.9
5.2
4.3
4.0
3.8
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.4
Restricted
........................................................
4.4
4.1
4.4
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.7
Endowment
income
.............................................
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.2
4.8
4.7
4.6
4.7
5.2
Unrestricted
.....................................................
3.0
3.1
2.9
2.5
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.4
Restricted
........................................................
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.8
Sales
and
services
..............................................
23.3
23.4
22.6
22.9
23.3
23.2
23.2
22.2
21.0
Educational
activities
......................................
2.1
2.2
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.9
3.0
2.8
2.7
Auxiliary
enterprises
.......................................
11.9
11.3
10.8
10.7
10.3
10.2
10.1
10.0
9.8
Hospitals
.........................................................
9.3
9.9
9.4
9.8
10.3
10.1
10.1
9.4
8.5
Other
sources
......................................................
4.2
4.3
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.7
5.3
1
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
included
under
tuition
and
auxiliary
enterprises.
2
Generally
includes
only
those
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
376
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
333.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
Source
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
revenue
................................................
$
22,078,144
$
34,839,494
$
53,652,864
$
57,904,208
$
61,291,366
$
64,726,849
$
68,215,391
$
72,263,702
Tuition
and
fees
............................................................................
7,930,156
13,152,750
21,150,439
22,990,730
24,663,506
26,504,664
28,223,908
29,988,621
Federal
government
.....................................................................
4,203,605
5,843,729
8,400,320
9,011,581
9,323,425
9,576,958
10,023,252
10,189,345
Appropriations
..........................................................................
217,866
215,398
233,826
242,458
214,788
212,443
218,038
210,210
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
596,257
840,593
1,164,075
1,240,445
1,310,776
1,431,294
1,490,585
1,648,590
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
............................................
2,190,984
2,703,772
3,776,751
4,101,491
4,399,937
4,747,005
5,029,036
5,042,597
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.........................................
1,198,498
2,083,966
3,225,668
3,427,187
3,397,924
3,186,216
3,285,592
3,287,947
State
governments
.......................................................................
430,007
688,502
1,221,746
1,419,019
1,384,288
1,297,296
1,412,609
1,336,890
Appropriations
..........................................................................
259,463
331,004
356,009
271,941
240,067
258,995
232,579
242,997
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
39,349
65,330
114,495
121,179
121,755
88,814
142,522
160,535
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
..............................................
131,195
292,168
751,242
1,025,899
1,022,466
949,488
1,037,509
933,358
Local
governments
.......................................................................
167,266
218,599
398,367
379,364
401,468
487,629
406,862
524,751
Appropriations
..........................................................................
4,535
2,696
17,543
16,446
5,572
2,198
3,763
3,898
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
19,536
29,067
43,647
49,431
54,549
63,311
74,301
188,680
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
..............................................
143,195
186,836
337,177
313,487
341,347
422,119
328,797
332,174
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
..............................................
2,072,631
3,293,435
4,705,341
4,934,809
5,328,009
5,680,389
6,127,716
6,854,515
Unrestricted
.............................................................................
1,096,871
1,826,109
2,187,630
2,269,272
2,542,575
2,701,866
2,872,151
3,327,762
Restricted
.................................................................................
975,760
1,467,326
2,517,711
2,665,536
2,785,434
2,978,523
3,255,565
3,526,752
Endowment
income
......................................................................
1,149,042
1,876,203
2,834,333
2,846,578
2,960,043
3,030,193
3,294,805
3,849,693
Unrestricted
.............................................................................
667,002
1,102,801
1,373,303
1,300,310
1,279,388
1,298,562
1,382,336
1,768,169
Restricted
.................................................................................
482,040
773,402
1,461,030
1,546,268
1,680,655
1,731,631
1,912,468
2,081,523
Sales
and
services
.......................................................................
5,198,255
8,242,785
12,501,834
13,723,798
14,468,452
15,309,195
15,436,197
15,599,719
Educational
activities
...............................................................
461,859
772,272
1,351,766
1,556,995
1,794,217
1,952,836
1,974,500
2,014,598
Auxiliary
enterprises
................................................................
2,653,200
3,952,809
5,787,670
6,048,495
6,341,253
6,656,340
6,889,833
7,188,666
Hospitals
..................................................................................
2,083,195
3,517,705
5,362,398
6,118,307
6,332,982
6,700,019
6,571,863
6,396,455
Other
sources
...............................................................................
927,183
1,523,490
2,440,485
2,598,329
2,762,175
2,840,526
3,290,042
3,920,169
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
revenue
...............................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Tuition
and
fees
............................................................................
35.9
37.8
39.4
39.7
40.2
40.9
41.4
41.5
Federal
government
.....................................................................
19.0
16.8
15.7
15.6
15.2
14.8
14.7
14.1
Appropriations
..........................................................................
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
2.7
2.4
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
1
............................................
9.9
7.8
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.0
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.........................................
5.4
6.0
6.0
5.9
5.5
4.9
4.8
4.5
State
governments
.......................................................................
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.5
2.3
2.0
2.1
1.9
Appropriations
..........................................................................
1.2
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
..............................................
0.6
0.8
1.4
1.8
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.3
Local
governments
.......................................................................
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.7
Appropriations
..........................................................................
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
Unrestricted
grants
and
contracts
...........................................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
Restricted
grants
and
contracts
..............................................
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.5
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
..............................................
9.4
9.5
8.8
8.5
8.7
8.8
9.0
9.5
Unrestricted
.............................................................................
5.0
5.2
4.1
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.6
Restricted
.................................................................................
4.4
4.2
4.7
4.6
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.9
Endowment
income
......................................................................
5.2
5.4
5.3
4.9
4.8
4.7
4.8
5.3
Unrestricted
.............................................................................
3.0
3.2
2.6
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.4
Restricted
.................................................................................
2.2
2.2
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.9
Sales
and
services
.......................................................................
23.5
23.7
23.3
23.7
23.6
23.7
22.6
21.6
Educational
activities
...............................................................
2.1
2.2
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.8
Auxiliary
enterprises
................................................................
12.0
11.3
10.8
10.4
10.3
10.3
10.1
9.9
Hospitals
..................................................................................
9.4
10.1
10.0
10.6
10.3
10.4
9.6
8.9
Other
sources
...............................................................................
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.4
4.8
5.4
1
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
included
under
tuition
and
auxiliary
enterprises.
2
Generally
includes
only
those
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
1999.)
377
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
334.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds:
1919
 
20
to
1995
 
96
[
In
thousands]

Year
Current­
fund
revenue
Student
tuition
and
fees
1
Federal
government
2
State
governments
3
Local
governments
Endowment
earnings
Private
gifts
and
grants
4
Sales
and
services
of
educational
activities
Auxiliary
enterprises
Hospitals
5
Other
current
income
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Higher
education
institutions
6
1919
 
20
.......................
$
199,922
$
42,255
$
12,783
$
61,690
(
7)
$
26,482
$
7,584
 
$
26,993
 
$
22,135
1929
 
30
.......................
554,511
144,126
20,658
150,847
(
7)
68,605
26,172
 
60,419
 
83,684
1939
 
40
.......................
715,211
200,897
38,860
151,222
$
24,392
71,304
40,453
$
32,777
143,923
 
11,383
1949
 
50
.......................
2,374,645
394,610
524,319
491,636
61,700
96,341
118,627
111,987
511,265
 
64,160
1959
 
60
.......................
5,785,537
1,157,482
1,036,990
1,374,476
151,715
206,619
382,569
102,525
1,004,283
$
187,769
181,110
1969
 
70
.......................
21,515,242
4,419,845
4,130,066
5,873,626
778,162
516,038
1,129,438
612,777
2,900,390
619,578
535,323
1975
 
76
.......................
39,703,166
8,171,942
6,477,178
12,260,885
1,616,975
687,470
1,917,036
645,420
4,547,622
2,494,340
884,298
1976
 
77
.......................
43,436,827
9,024,932
7,169,031
13,285,684
1,626,908
764,788
2,105,070
779,058
4,919,602
2,859,376
902,377
1977
 
78
.......................
47,034,032
9,855,270
6,968,501
14,746,166
1,744,230
832,286
2,320,368
882,715
5,327,821
3,268,956
1,087,719
1978
 
79
.......................
51,837,789
10,704,171
7,851,326
16,363,784
1,573,018
985,242
2,489,366
1,037,130
5,741,309
3,763,453
1,328,991
1979
 
80
.......................
58,519,982
11,930,340
8,902,844
18,378,299
1,587,552
1,176,627
2,808,075
1,239,439
6,481,458
4,373,384
1,641,965
1980
 
81
.......................
65,584,789
13,773,259
9,747,586
20,106,222
1,790,740
1,364,443
3,176,670
1,409,730
7,287,290
4,980,346
1,948,503
1981
 
82
.......................
72,190,856
15,774,038
9,591,805
21,848,791
1,937,669
1,596,813
3,563,558
1,582,922
8,121,611
5,838,565
2,335,084
1982
 
83
.......................
77,595,726
17,776,041
9,631,097
23,065,636
2,031,353
1,720,677
4,052,649
1,723,484
8,769,521
6,531,562
2,293,706
1983
 
84
.......................
84,417,287
19,714,884
10,406,166
24,706,990
2,192,275
1,873,945
4,415,275
1,970,747
9,456,369
7,040,662
2,639,973
1984
 
85
.......................
92,472,694
21,283,329
11,509,125
27,583,011
2,387,212
2,096,298
4,896,325
2,126,927
10,100,410
7,474,575
3,015,483
1985
 
86
.......................
100,437,616
23,116,605
12,704,750
29,911,500
2,544,506
2,275,898
5,410,905
2,373,494
10,674,136
8,226,635
3,199,186
1986
 
87
.......................
108,809,827
25,705,827
13,904,049
31,309,303
2,799,321
2,377,958
5,952,682
2,641,906
11,364,188
9,277,834
3,476,760
1987
 
88
.......................
117,340,109
27,836,781
14,771,954
33,517,166
3,006,263
2,586,441
6,359,282
2,918,090
11,947,778
10,626,566
3,769,787
1988
 
89
.......................
128,501,638
30,806,566
15,893,978
36,031,208
3,363,676
2,914,396
7,060,730
3,315,620
12,855,580
11,991,265
4,268,618
1989
 
90
.......................
139,635,477
33,926,060
17,254,874
38,349,239
3,639,902
3,143,696
7,781,422
3,632,100
13,938,469
13,216,664
4,753,051
1990
 
91
.......................
149,766,051
37,434,462
18,236,082
39,480,874
3,931,239
3,268,629
8,361,265
4,054,703
14,903,127
15,149,672
4,945,998
1991
 
92
.......................
161,395,896
41,559,037
19,833,317
40,586,907
4,159,876
3,442,009
8,977,271
4,520,890
15,758,599
17,240,338
5,317,651
1992
 
93
.......................
170,880,503
45,346,071
21,014,564
41,247,955
4,444,875
3,627,773
9,659,977
5,037,901
16,662,850
18,124,015
5,714,523
1993
 
94
.......................
179,226,601
48,646,538
22,076,385
41,910,288
4,998,306
3,669,536
10,203,062
5,294,030
17,537,514
18,959,776
5,931,167
1994
 
95
.......................
189,120,570
51,506,876
23,243,172
44,343,012
5,165,961
3,988,217
10,866,749
5,603,251
18,336,094
19,100,217
6,967,023
1995
 
96
.......................
197,414,848
54,725,982
23,879,098
45,621,627
5,589,988
4,570,933
11,942,987
5,552,907
18,861,585
18,672,680
7,997,061
Degree­
granting
institutions
8
1995
 
96
.......................
197,973,236
55,260,293
23,939,075
45,692,673
5,607,909
4,562,171
11,903,126
5,530,763
18,867,540
18,611,570
7,998,116
 
Not
available.

1
Tuition
and
fees
received
from
veterans
under
Public
Law
550
are
reported
under
student
fees
and
are
not
under
income
from
the
federal
government.

2
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
included
under
tuition
and
auxiliary
enterprises.

3
Includes
federal
aid
received
through
state
channels
and
regional
compacts,
through
1959
 
60.

4
Beginning
in
1969
 
70,
the
private
grants
represent
nongovernmental
revenue
for
sponsored
research,
student
aid,

and
other
sponsored
programs.

5
Prior
to
1959
 
60,
data
for
hospitals
are
included
under
sales
and
services
of
educational
activities.

6
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

7
Income
from
state
and
local
governments
tabulated
under
``
State
governments.''
8
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

NOTE:
Data
for
years
prior
to
1969
 
70
are
not
entirely
comparable
with
data
for
later
years.
Also,
some
details
for
1969
 
70
are
not
directly
comparable
with
data
for
later
years.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
378
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
335.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds,
and
by
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
Type
of
institution
Current­
fund
revenue
Student
tuition
and
fees
1
Federal
government
2
State
governments
Local
governments
Private
gifts
and
grants
Endowment
earnings
Educational
activities
Auxiliary
enterprises
Hospitals
Other
current
income
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
In
thousands
Total
3
.....................................
$
130,035,326
$
24,700,424
$
14,320,821
$
46,332,349
$
5,084,957
$
5,586,377
$
785,993
$
3,896,210
$
12,299,834
$
12,686,103
$
4,342,257
Research
I
universities
4
............
48,412,659
7,487,782
7,106,045
13,568,550
233,805
3,109,941
500,477
2,120,263
4,906,133
8,031,208
1,348,454
Research
II
universities
4
...........
7,754,919
1,857,454
855,157
3,069,709
17,171
417,076
63,639
247,614
1,016,427
0
210,671
Doctoral
universities
...................
13,836,982
3,244,054
1,173,559
5,803,098
94,011
655,134
104,362
306,344
1,622,295
9,147
824,978
Master's
......................................
20,945,518
5,770,783
1,202,994
9,580,919
127,493
448,290
48,678
372,508
2,673,358
231,975
488,518
Baccalaureate
............................
2,798,309
867,584
195,576
1,195,321
21,102
72,160
5,898
40,746
335,969
0
63,952
Associate
of
arts
........................
23,284,908
4,972,664
1,232,415
10,172,889
4,394,833
242,299
18,242
166,495
1,362,839
0
722,233
Specialized
institutions
5
............
12,893,486
490,217
2,485,127
2,936,356
191,581
636,005
42,381
640,533
379,785
4,413,772
677,729
Health
and
medicine
.............
10,906,158
322,077
1,227,056
2,671,951
165,482
609,998
40,294
634,090
251,165
4,342,020
642,025
Engineering
...........................
217,603
51,151
16,360
106,594
27
10,407
1,488
3,449
17,876
0
10,251
Business
................................
32,422
7,094
1,496
17,665
50
603
10
2,650
2,516
0
338
Fine
arts
................................
131,951
36,603
746
40,016
22,264
1,972
42
94
12,812
0
17,401
Other
specialized
..................
1,605,353
73,292
1,239,469
100,130
3,758
13,024
548
250
95,416
71,753
7,713
Tribal
colleges
6
..........................
108,545
9,885
69,948
5,506
4,961
5,472
2,316
1,707
3,028
0
5,722
4­
year
....................................
24,063
1,687
17,554
437
14
1,669
1,147
64
298
0
1,192
2­
year
....................................
84,482
8,198
52,394
5,068
4,948
3,803
1,169
1,642
2,730
0
4,530
Percentage
distribution
Total
3
.....................................
100.00
19.00
11.01
35.63
3.91
4.30
0.60
3.00
9.46
9.76
3.34
Research
I
universities
4
............
100.00
15.47
14.68
28.03
0.48
6.42
1.03
4.38
10.13
16.59
2.79
Research
II
universities
4
...........
100.00
23.95
11.03
39.58
0.22
5.38
0.82
3.19
13.11
0.00
2.72
Doctoral
universities
...................
100.00
23.44
8.48
41.94
0.68
4.73
0.75
2.21
11.72
0.07
5.96
Master's
......................................
100.00
27.55
5.74
45.74
0.61
2.14
0.23
1.78
12.76
1.11
2.33
Baccalaureate
............................
100.00
31.00
6.99
42.72
0.75
2.58
0.21
1.46
12.01
0.00
2.29
Associate
of
arts
........................
100.00
21.36
5.29
43.69
18.87
1.04
0.08
0.72
5.85
0.00
3.10
Specialized
institutions
5
............
100.00
3.80
19.27
22.77
1.49
4.93
0.33
4.97
2.95
34.23
5.26
Health
and
medicine
.............
100.00
2.95
11.25
24.50
1.52
5.59
0.37
5.81
2.30
39.81
5.89
Engineering
...........................
100.00
23.51
7.52
48.99
0.01
4.78
0.68
1.58
8.21
0.00
4.71
Business
................................
100.00
21.88
4.61
54.48
0.15
1.86
0.03
8.17
7.76
0.00
1.04
Fine
arts
................................
100.00
27.74
0.57
30.33
16.87
1.49
0.03
0.07
9.71
0.00
13.19
Other
specialized
..................
100.00
4.57
77.21
6.24
0.23
0.81
0.03
0.02
5.94
4.47
0.48
Tribal
colleges
6
..........................
100.00
9.11
64.44
5.07
4.57
5.04
2.13
1.57
2.79
0.00
5.27
4­
year
....................................
100.00
7.01
72.95
1.82
0.06
6.93
4.77
0.27
1.24
0.00
4.95
2­
year
....................................
100.00
9.70
62.02
6.00
5.86
4.50
1.38
1.94
3.23
0.00
5.36
Revenue
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
Total
3
.....................................
$
16,682
$
3,169
$
1,837
$
5,944
$
652
$
717
$
101
$
500
$
1,578
$
1,628
$
557
Research
I
universities
4
............
33,723
5,216
4,950
9,452
163
2,166
349
1,477
3,417
5,594
939
Research
II
universities
4
...........
18,999
4,551
2,095
7,521
42
1,022
156
607
2,490
0
516
Doctoral
universities
...................
18,513
4,340
1,570
7,764
126
877
140
410
2,171
12
1,104
Master's
......................................
11,646
3,209
669
5,327
71
249
27
207
1,486
129
272
Baccalaureate
............................
12,401
3,845
867
5,297
94
320
26
181
1,489
0
283
Associate
of
arts
........................
7,608
1,625
403
3,324
1,436
79
6
54
445
0
236
Specialized
institutions
5
............
117,607
4,471
22,668
26,784
1,747
5,801
387
5,843
3,464
40,260
6,182
Health
and
medicine
.............
218,889
6,464
24,627
53,627
3,321
12,243
809
12,726
5,041
87,145
12,886
Engineering
...........................
16,077
3,779
1,209
7,875
2
769
110
255
1,321
0
757
Business
................................
10,693
2,340
493
5,826
16
199
3
874
830
0
112
Fine
arts
................................
12,854
3,566
73
3,898
2,169
192
4
9
1,248
0
1,695
Other
specialized
..................
48,684
2,223
37,588
3,037
114
395
17
8
2,894
2,176
234
Tribal
colleges
6
..........................
11,703
1,066
7,542
594
535
590
250
184
326
0
617
4­
year
....................................
12,820
899
9,352
233
7
889
611
34
159
0
635
2­
year
....................................
11,420
1,108
7,082
685
669
514
158
222
369
0
612
1
Includes
federally
supported
aid
received
through
students.

2
Includes
appropriations,
grants,
contracts,
and
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
Excludes
Pell
Grants.

3
Preliminary
data.

4
Research
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate,
and
give
high
priority
to
research.
Research
I
institutions
receive
$
40
million
or
more
annually
in
federal
support.
Research
II
institutions
receive
between
$
15.5
million
and
$
40
million
annually.
5
Specialized
institutions
award
baccalaureate
or
higher
level
degrees
in
specific
fields
of
study.
6
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations
and
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance,
1996
 
97''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
379
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
336.
 
Total
revenue
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
Type
of
institution
Total
revenue
and
investment
return
Student
tuition
and
fees
Federal
appropriations
State
appropriations
Local
appropriations
Federal
grants
and
contracts
State
grants
and
contracts
Local
grants
and
contracts
Private
gifts
and
grants
1
Investment
return
Educational
activities
Auxiliary
enterprises
Hospitals,
independent
operations,
and
other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
In
thousands
Total
2
.............
$
91,116,136
$
25,382,965
$
122,665
$
301,731
$
2,566
$
7,414,950
$
629,380
$
507,765
$
11,278,548
$
22,382,611
$
2,179,647
$
7,223,923
$
13,689,387
Research
I
universities
3
....
38,986,900
5,126,124
0
86,970
432
5,215,736
184,042
218,010
4,099,808
11,240,486
1,522,954
1,877,720
9,414,618
Research
II
universities
3
....
5,452,735
1,306,100
0
3,949
0
333,100
32,921
101
683,466
1,589,884
18,679
591,125
893,408
Doctoral
universities
......
7,705,249
3,371,279
1,362
31,012
0
392,698
88,899
15,315
853,027
1,252,796
337,155
679,818
681,888
Master's
..............
11,587,158
6,197,964
83,177
56,238
0
402,119
101,006
6,632
1,334,052
1,576,028
84,410
1,379,493
366,039
Baccalaureate
.....
17,167,663
6,235,678
20,354
29,299
0
394,911
141,414
3,666
2,727,050
5,047,233
79,558
2,135,997
352,503
Associate
of
arts
1,006,533
469,940
1,116
4,085
0
55,222
18,381
978
151,131
110,668
15,579
80,098
99,334
Specialized
institutions
4
.....
9,172,605
2,672,389
12,606
89,902
2,134
600,802
62,156
262,125
1,427,445
1,565,232
121,175
478,861
1,877,778
Religion
and
philosophy
...
1,678,527
335,419
478
19
0
15,782
2,814
738
548,566
575,675
8,614
148,087
42,334
Health
and
medicine
......
4,589,928
736,494
9,668
84,657
2,134
512,920
33,196
258,172
561,030
460,708
61,145
108,403
1,761,401
Engineering
....
339,529
123,186
600
696
0
23,569
3,761
91
51,691
102,936
1,435
24,057
7,508
Business
........
1,015,265
626,486
763
1,065
0
14,381
12,790
163
74,634
118,091
22,734
120,789
23,370
Fine
arts
.........
934,910
486,501
0
2,716
0
22,821
5,877
1,049
130,140
177,726
23,847
52,587
31,647
Other
specialized
...
614,446
364,302
1,097
749
0
11,329
3,718
1,913
61,384
130,097
3,400
24,938
11,519
Tribal
colleges
5
..
37,293
3,490
4,050
276
0
20,361
560
938
2,568
285
136
811
3,818
4­
year
.............
14,007
1,961
2,335
272
0
6,447
175
0
1,322
0
117
311
1,067
2­
year
.............
23,286
1,529
1,715
4
0
13,914
385
938
1,246
285
19
500
2,752
Percentage
distribution
Total
2
.............
100.0
27.9
0.1
0.3
0.0
8.1
0.7
0.6
12.4
24.6
2.4
7.9
15.0
Research
I
universities
3
....
100.0
13.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
13.4
0.5
0.6
10.5
28.8
3.9
4.8
24.1
Research
II
universities
3
....
100.0
24.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
6.1
0.6
0.0
12.5
29.2
0.3
10.8
16.4
Doctoral
universities
......
100.0
43.8
0.0
0.4
0.0
5.1
1.2
0.2
11.1
16.3
4.4
8.8
8.8
Master's
..............
100.0
53.5
0.7
0.5
0.0
3.5
0.9
0.1
11.5
13.6
0.7
11.9
3.2
Baccalaureate
.....
100.0
36.3
0.1
0.2
0.0
2.3
0.8
0.0
15.9
29.4
0.5
12.4
2.1
Associate
of
arts
100.0
46.7
0.1
0.4
0.0
5.5
1.8
0.1
15.0
11.0
1.5
8.0
9.9
Specialized
institutions
4
.....
100.0
29.1
0.1
1.0
0.0
6.5
0.7
2.9
15.6
17.1
1.3
5.2
20.5
Religion
and
philosophy
...
100.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.2
0.0
32.7
34.3
0.5
8.8
2.5
Health
and
medicine
......
100.0
16.0
0.2
1.8
0.0
11.2
0.7
5.6
12.2
10.0
1.3
2.4
38.4
Engineering
....
100.0
36.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
6.9
1.1
0.0
15.2
30.3
0.4
7.1
2.2
Business
........
100.0
61.7
0.1
0.1
0.0
1.4
1.3
0.0
7.4
11.6
2.2
11.9
2.3
Fine
arts
.........
100.0
52.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
2.4
0.6
0.1
13.9
19.0
2.6
5.6
3.4
Other
specialized
...
100.0
59.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
1.8
0.6
0.3
10.0
21.2
0.6
4.1
1.9
Tribal
colleges
5
..
100.0
9.4
10.9
0.7
0.0
54.6
1.5
2.5
6.9
0.8
0.4
2.2
10.2
4­
year
.............
100.0
14.0
16.7
1.9
0.0
46.0
1.2
0.0
9.4
0.0
0.8
2.2
7.6
2­
year
.............
100.0
6.6
7.4
0.0
0.0
59.8
1.7
4.0
5.4
1.2
0.1
2.1
11.8
Revenue
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
Total
2
.............
$
38,142
$
10,626
$
51
$
126
$
1
$
3,104
$
263
$
213
$
4,721
$
9,370
$
912
$
3,024
$
5,731
Research
I
universities
3
....
112,951
14,851
0
252
1
15,111
533
632
11,878
32,566
4,412
5,440
27,276
Research
II
universities
3
....
43,480
10,415
0
31
0
2,656
263
1
5,450
12,678
149
4,714
7,124
Doctoral
universities
......
29,185
12,769
5
117
0
1,487
337
58
3,231
4,745
1,277
2,575
2,583
Master's
..............
17,703
9,469
127
86
0
614
154
10
2,038
2,408
129
2,108
559
Baccalaureate
.....
24,925
9,053
30
43
0
573
205
5
3,959
7,328
116
3,101
512
Associate
of
arts
18,091
8,446
20
73
0
993
330
18
2,716
1,989
280
1,440
1,785
Specialized
institutions
4
.....
36,212
10,550
50
355
8
2,372
245
1,035
5,635
6,179
478
1,890
7,413
Religion
and
philosophy
...
24,738
4,943
7
0
0
233
41
11
8,085
8,484
127
2,183
624
Health
and
medicine
......
88,861
14,259
187
1,639
41
9,930
643
4,998
10,862
8,919
1,184
2,099
34,101
Engineering
....
26,468
9,603
47
54
0
1,837
293
7
4,030
8,024
112
1,875
585
Business
........
17,081
10,540
13
18
0
242
215
3
1,256
1,987
382
2,032
393
Fine
arts
.........
25,620
13,332
0
74
0
625
161
29
3,566
4,870
654
1,441
867
Other
specialized
...
24,535
14,546
44
30
0
452
148
76
2,451
5,195
136
996
460
Tribal
colleges
5
..
18,435
1,725
2,002
136
0
10,065
277
463
1,270
141
67
401
1,888
4­
year
.............
18,877
2,643
3,147
366
0
8,689
236
0
1,782
0
158
419
1,438
2­
year
.............
18,178
1,194
1,339
3
0
10,862
301
732
973
222
15
390
2,148
1
Includes
contributions
from
affiliated
entities.
2
Preliminary
data.
3
Research
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate,
and
give
high
priority
to
research.
Research
I
institutions
receive
$
40
million
or
more
annually
in
federal
support.
Research
II
institutions
receive
between
$
15.5
million
and
$
40
million
annually.
4
Specialized
institutions
award
baccalaureate
or
higher
level
degrees
in
specific
fields
of
study.
5
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations
and
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance,
1996
 
97''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
380
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
337.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state,
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
3
Percent
change,
1995
 
96
to
1996
 
97
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
.........
$
43,195,617
$
65,004,632
$
94,904,506
$
102,202,890
$
108,186,484
$
112,968,097
$
119,312,493
$
123,378,526
$
123,501,152
$
130,035,326
5.3
Alabama
......................
889,121
1,401,693
2,131,005
2,296,665
2,521,938
2,614,224
2,805,154
2,852,401
2,852,401
3,016,630
5.8
Alaska
.........................
159,446
221,837
291,826
304,857
323,740
342,624
344,877
357,215
357,215
341,872
 
4.3
Arizona
........................
719,835
1,049,493
1,596,710
1,655,873
1,677,711
1,834,035
1,931,523
2,037,986
2,046,890
2,138,015
4.5
Arkansas
.....................
350,597
539,185
818,079
920,699
995,482
1,036,610
1,113,954
1,210,768
1,239,571
1,298,627
4.8
California
.....................
5,906,729
8,739,396
12,281,700
13,628,928
14,262,239
13,868,703
14,558,144
14,716,907
14,726,206
16,159,653
9.7
Colorado
......................
747,040
1,085,076
1,483,901
1,594,541
1,714,698
1,803,735
1,914,233
2,027,721
2,027,721
2,134,848
5.3
Connecticut
.................
378,527
578,866
889,831
940,067
976,380
1,020,170
1,148,389
1,179,290
1,177,959
1,267,044
7.6
Delaware
.....................
168,522
251,677
388,635
433,186
446,768
471,017
496,696
505,678
505,678
527,578
4.3
District
of
Columbia
.....
66,138
84,144
95,729
100,038
98,170
99,749
103,770
100,393
105,037
105,308
0.3
Florida
.........................
1,202,788
1,810,090
2,944,935
3,049,921
3,202,499
3,411,727
3,584,085
3,790,131
3,777,158
4,060,831
7.5
Georgia
.......................
765,826
1,267,472
1,953,866
2,042,825
2,268,331
2,494,263
2,760,323
3,000,258
2,878,818
3,133,052
8.8
Hawaii
.........................
219,633
316,246
497,495
579,805
594,752
628,043
651,282
560,760
560,760
560,437
 
0.1
Idaho
...........................
169,274
235,507
359,710
396,173
416,359
456,107
492,918
538,173
545,766
536,224
 
1.7
Illinois
..........................
1,809,981
2,560,241
3,566,406
3,659,328
3,924,599
4,100,967
4,360,136
4,542,868
4,542,868
4,759,405
4.8
Indiana
........................
1,094,560
1,701,421
2,494,029
2,767,477
2,882,592
3,009,908
3,080,345
2,857,055
2,857,055
3,043,171
6.5
Iowa
.............................
784,950
1,109,681
1,775,267
1,827,776
1,930,399
2,014,244
2,106,504
2,231,113
2,231,113
2,299,508
3.1
Kansas
........................
594,104
864,119
1,219,129
1,297,129
1,350,052
1,469,872
1,553,593
1,606,739
1,618,071
1,673,883
3.4
Kentucky
.....................
671,414
943,068
1,450,958
1,565,021
1,576,644
1,656,119
1,778,568
1,881,064
1,881,064
2,099,372
11.6
Louisiana
.....................
735,374
1,055,941
1,447,772
1,553,258
1,821,190
1,844,187
1,968,669
1,937,787
1,998,340
2,088,496
4.5
Maine
..........................
157,370
222,624
373,770
375,512
384,730
398,639
400,426
410,472
413,730
438,283
5.9
Maryland
.....................
818,850
1,144,230
1,777,841
1,745,479
1,913,029
1,984,038
2,074,521
2,227,596
2,227,596
2,434,414
9.3
Massachusetts
............
582,873
1,075,348
1,457,142
1,525,943
1,639,854
1,491,921
1,586,319
1,684,869
1,691,648
1,785,039
5.5
Michigan
......................
2,094,394
3,071,172
4,648,488
5,127,892
5,329,224
5,529,883
5,798,882
6,047,686
6,047,686
6,378,816
5.5
Minnesota
....................
894,236
1,373,436
2,080,637
2,261,978
2,363,483
2,494,341
2,671,566
2,781,726
2,786,053
2,748,074
 
1.4
Mississippi
...................
543,209
734,813
1,005,448
1,054,530
1,150,201
1,215,602
1,443,162
1,488,765
1,500,350
1,563,096
4.2
Missouri
.......................
717,626
1,032,685
1,517,071
1,566,480
1,698,594
1,805,266
1,978,783
2,095,143
2,100,852
2,269,910
8.0
Montana
......................
123,933
181,462
258,189
334,243
349,102
362,905
385,984
414,843
414,843
436,521
5.2
Nebraska
.....................
390,372
554,814
870,289
941,062
989,156
1,033,731
1,124,836
1,216,869
1,216,869
1,259,999
3.5
Nevada
........................
113,298
184,883
336,841
368,245
392,258
412,884
484,276
492,276
492,276
540,908
9.9
New
Hampshire
...........
131,990
190,462
304,315
324,186
348,839
373,498
391,619
412,456
412,456
438,162
6.2
New
Jersey
.................
917,143
1,446,098
2,413,530
2,610,949
2,745,100
2,920,767
3,106,652
3,189,439
3,189,439
3,281,123
2.9
New
Mexico
................
334,392
473,716
944,248
1,056,819
1,125,366
1,190,519
1,316,934
1,356,644
1,369,513
1,467,384
7.1
New
York
....................
2,519,437
3,830,119
5,424,379
5,616,604
6,117,555
6,574,152
6,887,321
6,861,111
6,861,111
6,944,550
1.2
North
Carolina
.............
1,146,931
1,857,124
2,650,124
2,873,684
3,113,193
3,299,213
3,521,601
3,640,049
3,640,049
3,916,232
7.6
North
Dakota
...............
196,267
286,550
377,960
411,293
431,464
431,381
467,926
445,128
445,128
463,343
4.1
Ohio
.............................
1,828,079
2,824,411
4,184,621
4,484,576
4,628,902
4,895,812
4,976,134
4,975,749
4,982,846
5,170,418
3.8
Oklahoma
....................
588,936
873,446
1,072,967
1,190,393
1,209,863
1,257,552
1,300,779
1,382,711
1,382,711
1,489,909
7.8
Oregon
........................
647,391
899,709
1,358,244
1,523,505
1,615,882
1,687,205
1,816,031
1,891,391
1,891,391
2,007,184
6.1
Pennsylvania
...............
1,575,104
2,473,794
3,692,745
4,153,483
4,262,533
4,423,633
4,684,460
5,017,535
5,017,535
5,175,545
3.1
Rhode
Island
...............
156,451
213,859
292,404
308,383
325,003
329,277
344,171
354,437
354,437
368,303
3.9
South
Carolina
............
630,966
957,771
1,502,709
1,629,876
1,733,468
1,924,747
1,997,203
1,960,481
1,960,481
2,094,901
6.9
South
Dakota
..............
127,839
147,699
198,583
219,751
241,536
260,907
260,853
266,880
297,342
299,932
0.9
Tennessee
..................
675,770
1,104,118
1,634,491
1,672,605
1,839,384
1,961,312
2,053,495
2,110,517
2,111,127
2,183,733
3.4
Texas
..........................
2,858,725
4,558,275
6,015,609
6,664,828
7,126,068
7,688,388
8,123,435
8,775,323
8,779,578
9,122,544
3.9
Utah
.............................
431,294
686,817
1,020,836
1,160,882
1,224,127
1,307,681
1,402,962
1,489,664
1,489,664
1,588,631
6.6
Vermont
.......................
127,337
191,559
281,526
298,524
305,477
316,905
329,679
341,988
341,988
357,150
4.4
Virginia
........................
1,159,453
1,876,151
2,902,939
3,041,850
3,176,437
3,323,028
3,483,691
3,609,275
3,609,275
3,873,770
7.3
Washington
.................
998,146
1,445,849
2,188,366
2,355,445
2,539,934
2,744,035
2,877,386
3,004,118
3,040,757
3,230,984
6.3
West
Virginia
...............
318,915
385,170
563,796
608,294
631,619
666,268
693,159
733,332
734,283
761,068
3.6
Wisconsin
....................
1,228,414
1,761,927
2,487,501
2,629,388
2,775,635
2,954,564
3,033,547
3,105,328
3,108,030
2,900,632
 
6.7
Wyoming
.....................
140,520
208,595
251,760
271,290
270,515
278,270
293,209
298,526
298,526
303,013
1.5
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..
586,095
920,790
1,128,158
1,181,348
1,204,411
1,253,468
1,248,328
1,361,895
1,361,895
1,497,802
10.0
Outlying
areas
........
242,380
451,734
557,655
665,323
704,076
589,470
750,676
836,541
831,925
929,477
11.7
American
Samoa
........
1,305
2,413
3,939
4,057
4,428
4,610
4,817
13,880
13,880
5,723
 
58.8
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..............
 
 
2,063
2,078
3,453
3,932
6,517
8,496
8,496
8,495
0.0
Guam
..........................
14,291
31,139
61,667
70,658
74,928
68,198
71,873
65,710
65,710
66,521
1.2
Marshall
Islands
..........
 
 
 
3,798
1,111
2,176
1,633
1,685
1,685
1,782
5.8
Northern
Marianas
......
 
1,350
1,458
1,715
2,462
3,511
12,174
15,792
15,792
15,902
0.7
Palau
...........................
 
 
4,100
3,948
5,133
4,762
4,083
3,900
3,900
3,660
 
6.2
Puerto
Rico
.................
213,012
392,194
428,768
518,747
581,128
468,739
615,912
691,409
686,792
790,977
15.2
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
...............
1,669
5,681
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
..............
12,103
18,957
55,659
60,322
31,432
33,542
33,668
35,669
35,669
36,417
2.1
 
Not
available.

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

3
Preliminary
data.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
381
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
338.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
of
funds
and
state:
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
Tuition
and
fees
Federal
appropriations
grants,
and
contracts
1
State
appropriations
grants,
and
contracts
Local
appropriations
grants,
and
contracts
Private
gifts,
grants,
and
contracts
Endowment
income
Auxiliary
enterprises
Hospitals
Educational
activities
and
other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
2
..
$
130,035,326
$
24,700,424
$
14,320,821
$
46,332,349
$
5,084,957
$
5,586,377
$
785,993
$
12,299,834
$
12,686,103
$
8,238,467
Alabama
................
3,016,630
437,476
347,778
918,111
12,800
99,851
21,953
206,680
802,922
169,059
Alaska
....................
341,872
48,275
48,363
175,974
1,619
19,562
5,029
22,080
0
20,971
Arizona
..................
2,138,015
468,660
277,539
754,064
249,093
106,683
5,378
191,050
0
85,548
Arkansas
................
1,298,627
179,731
89,021
511,877
4,228
35,199
1,620
103,922
304,455
68,575
California
...............
16,159,653
2,101,216
1,585,764
5,815,338
1,544,086
559,508
91,584
960,399
2,130,508
1,371,248
Colorado
................
2,134,848
584,153
385,381
596,647
33,876
97,141
7,589
257,737
16,879
155,444
Connecticut
............
1,267,044
258,929
91,137
503,351
2
36,294
277
86,139
229,388
61,527
Delaware
...............
527,578
186,771
49,006
153,347
8,232
20,345
22,392
65,654
0
21,831
District
of
Columbia
105,308
13,173
7,192
0
74,461
718
827
696
0
8,241
Florida
....................
4,060,831
684,915
417,149
2,196,829
1,901
202,386
27
349,590
0
208,035
Georgia
..................
3,133,052
479,664
308,003
1,546,997
20,638
165,710
2,892
266,962
249,887
92,298
Hawaii
....................
560,437
85,213
108,641
279,752
878
16,397
1,912
55,448
0
12,196
Idaho
......................
536,224
105,971
44,441
253,114
10,710
24,856
10,488
58,914
0
27,730
Illinois
.....................
4,759,405
863,571
431,353
1,667,420
443,888
150,068
5,638
474,315
270,262
452,890
Indiana
...................
3,043,171
752,063
259,655
1,100,208
3,503
145,306
9,597
551,351
0
221,489
Iowa
.......................
2,299,508
342,283
282,740
710,259
29,380
78,570
3,667
241,679
450,732
160,199
Kansas
...................
1,673,883
292,925
140,537
578,518
129,133
49,435
35,235
142,274
202,377
103,448
Kentucky
................
2,099,372
335,323
137,401
792,843
7,638
104,874
13,962
148,972
310,421
247,938
Louisiana
...............
2,088,496
384,569
155,232
813,743
8,715
61,432
6,341
233,557
161,943
262,964
Maine
.....................
438,283
104,968
37,797
185,881
154
22,689
3,077
54,780
0
28,937
Maryland
................
2,434,414
641,815
298,976
823,907
141,236
95,624
8,358
296,890
0
127,609
Massachusetts
.......
1,785,039
501,893
161,689
784,937
10,129
55,424
1,514
176,679
6,521
86,254
Michigan
................
6,378,816
1,447,105
644,814
1,708,903
220,840
324,184
48,294
760,313
876,673
347,689
Minnesota
..............
2,748,074
527,567
280,796
1,059,395
3,555
220,137
9,882
284,568
173,548
188,626
Mississippi
.............
1,563,096
230,947
157,904
630,859
35,423
42,057
1,621
166,556
237,357
60,372
Missouri
.................
2,269,910
509,850
131,421
794,155
78,304
90,352
13,850
209,527
266,501
175,951
Montana
.................
436,521
104,394
72,904
135,808
5,176
19,285
395
61,579
0
36,980
Nebraska
...............
1,259,999
162,755
138,547
404,766
62,715
51,494
3,054
133,179
251,591
51,897
Nevada
..................
540,908
91,297
53,106
260,673
8,469
28,264
2,566
59,479
0
37,053
New
Hampshire
.....
438,162
175,367
41,537
91,033
2,720
19,252
2,905
88,049
0
17,298
New
Jersey
............
3,281,123
733,624
216,631
1,197,001
168,251
102,757
13,833
259,369
369,869
219,789
New
Mexico
...........
1,467,384
124,672
257,290
517,454
50,479
69,023
14,627
91,671
237,308
104,859
New
York
...............
6,944,550
1,641,098
506,997
2,615,764
406,933
278,771
16,121
420,022
888,963
169,879
North
Carolina
.......
3,916,232
453,551
430,605
1,889,790
92,219
184,793
21,790
722,521
0
120,962
North
Dakota
.........
463,343
93,069
75,848
157,759
584
22,895
3,092
68,754
0
41,342
Ohio
.......................
5,170,418
1,426,724
342,659
1,682,681
96,638
226,995
50,827
524,469
560,945
258,481
Oklahoma
..............
1,489,909
234,045
240,063
649,585
19,003
59,064
4,632
221,174
0
62,343
Oregon
...................
2,007,184
363,105
297,538
509,474
103,297
110,456
3,671
183,095
325,053
111,495
Pennsylvania
.........
5,175,545
1,495,012
504,114
1,230,395
92,014
266,778
42,762
526,517
814,990
202,964
Rhode
Island
.........
368,303
114,525
44,108
136,871
0
8,066
0
50,059
0
14,673
South
Carolina
.......
2,094,901
399,443
176,862
717,562
30,423
73,462
2,493
196,120
415,449
83,087
South
Dakota
.........
299,932
73,567
40,419
116,526
111
11,055
1,237
32,862
0
24,153
Tennessee
.............
2,183,733
356,055
170,302
909,528
15,856
109,792
17,589
192,462
311,056
101,093
Texas
.....................
9,122,544
1,506,276
927,477
3,713,247
497,257
396,529
166,054
580,685
301,008
1,034,012
Utah
.......................
1,588,631
202,721
194,141
466,002
1,796
84,613
14,254
122,791
285,244
217,069
Vermont
.................
357,150
155,090
43,998
47,806
26
29,640
6,074
40,477
0
34,039
Virginia
...................
3,873,770
817,053
354,804
979,514
15,261
203,227
36,787
514,105
877,936
75,083
Washington
............
3,230,984
591,525
498,209
1,105,646
28,884
155,576
13,025
379,178
284,563
174,377
West
Virginia
.........
761,068
185,677
81,361
351,092
1,304
25,309
0
89,949
0
26,377
Wisconsin
..............
2,900,632
585,332
362,121
954,828
295,934
192,058
12,661
254,200
0
243,498
Wyoming
................
303,013
44,810
37,679
135,117
15,187
19,629
2,540
39,460
0
8,592
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..............
1,497,802
609
1,331,773
0
0
12,791
0
80,877
71,753
0
Outlying
areas
..
929,477
90,452
146,178
623,480
17,370
11,366
8,977
14,838
0
16,816
American
Samoa
...
5,723
1,043
1,359
0
3,018
54
83
165
0
0
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
.....
8,495
2,768
2,494
187
2,153
130
12
612
0
139
Guam
.....................
66,521
7,213
7,282
33,878
10,772
835
1,110
2,884
0
2,547
Marshall
Islands
....
1,782
573
756
341
0
14
13
73
0
13
Northern
Marianas
15,902
2,700
2,985
9,491
0
0
66
0
0
661
Palau
.....................
3,660
853
424
2,040
72
0
122
82
0
67
Puerto
Rico
............
790,977
69,859
125,656
558,963
43
8,929
7,340
7,152
0
13,034
Virgin
Islands
.........
36,417
5,444
5,223
18,579
1,311
1,403
231
3,870
0
356
1
Includes
independent
operations
(
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
2
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
382
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
339.
 
Appropriations
from
state
and
local
governments
for
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1986
 
87
to
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
State
appropriations
Local
appropriations
1986
 
87
1
1990
 
91
1
1993­
94
1
1994
 
95
1
1995
 
96
2
1996
 
97
2
1986
 
87
1
1990
 
91
1
1993­
94
1
1994
 
95
1
1995
 
96
2
1996
 
97
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
United
States
......
$
28,974,665
$
35,898,653
$
37,565,065
$
39,405,865
$
40,081,437
$
42,226,673
$
2,289,420
$
3,159,789
$
4,021,421
$
4,243,984
$
4,397,098
$
4,418,919
Alabama
..................
578,414
708,191
793,597
893,353
879,680
883,364
5,408
6,796
4,464
4,266
4,736
5,031
Alaska
......................
137,263
168,395
175,337
172,463
171,580
170,344
252
260
616
713
693
681
Arizona
....................
439,813
591,656
608,640
657,604
691,335
724,555
105,445
149,337
178,478
198,406
217,426
236,758
Arkansas
.................
264,673
315,372
377,115
395,497
437,257
463,127
 
216
2,513
4,702
2,524
3,567
California
.................
4,557,544
5,313,052
4,496,412
4,606,377
4,811,297
5,285,031
494,339
771,160
1,253,614
1,319,989
1,353,630
1,365,004
Colorado
..................
311,402
423,710
445,496
460,730
497,663
526,802
15,192
22,400
24,613
27,809
28,786
29,528
Connecticut
.............
281,045
363,427
359,722
451,210
462,183
486,523
 
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
.................
94,096
115,729
128,382
136,064
107,968
125,015
 
 
804
999
12,379
 
District
of
Columbia
 
 
 
 
 
 
70,215
73,495
66,449
69,337
68,257
67,422
Florida
.....................
1,195,127
1,638,218
1,692,248
1,805,882
1,898,618
2,024,793
 
1,850
4,677
3,751
116
52
Georgia
....................
675,940
915,303
1,112,771
1,224,804
1,254,216
1,375,306
17,456
25,705
18,262
18,618
17,371
15,819
Hawaii
......................
194,170
304,131
383,957
385,772
280,503
271,397
 
 
 
 
 
 
Idaho
.......................
121,857
177,918
196,847
218,578
223,108
234,505
5,549
6,161
9,487
10,102
10,435
10,520
Illinois
......................
1,117,168
1,296,895
1,290,028
1,367,563
1,161,833
1,394,951
174,929
284,635
383,470
403,423
418,269
433,746
Indiana
.....................
667,295
886,124
933,408
936,630
977,517
1,027,850
817
1,507
2,290
2,382
2,831
3,408
Iowa
.........................
388,566
544,945
596,617
618,557
649,901
682,869
19,773
21,624
25,012
26,529
29,098
28,004
Kansas
....................
317,425
437,413
478,847
500,747
528,243
536,390
67,979
87,026
106,172
115,389
117,684
119,414
Kentucky
..................
463,039
617,915
651,533
672,986
690,328
732,906
3,576
4,682
5,785
5,106
6,041
6,026
Louisiana
.................
464,346
566,798
572,390
610,705
603,825
666,505
1,695
1,462
2,524
3,126
8,061
4,178
Maine
.......................
122,808
174,737
160,727
153,863
158,044
168,008
831
 
 
 
27
 
Maryland
..................
517,631
724,223
668,941
685,878
717,377
738,374
86,683
117,913
121,435
131,883
136,661
138,775
Massachusetts
........
599,800
471,368
554,484
606,191
669,102
728,817
233
 
48
93
1,779
3,065
Michigan
..................
1,127,570
1,326,884
1,424,502
1,462,136
1,572,241
1,636,057
109,069
159,202
215,314
258,370
215,733
207,361
Minnesota
................
567,067
744,381
848,665
868,344
901,114
959,759
246
2,040
21,867
5,143
 
 
Mississippi
...............
278,619
365,574
409,154
535,729
570,035
574,365
21,724
25,670
28,386
30,286
31,725
32,927
Missouri
...................
442,527
563,430
579,585
624,028
669,832
726,543
38,363
38,097
63,394
69,373
72,895
76,951
Montana
..................
87,378
110,199
124,228
118,848
121,730
124,946
3,126
3,310
4,019
4,104
3,526
3,550
Nebraska
.................
214,778
318,482
351,988
361,069
382,465
394,006
37,010
36,569
46,895
49,735
53,004
56,437
Nevada
....................
99,496
161,581
185,186
226,103
223,413
240,650
 
 
 
 
 
 
New
Hampshire
.......
54,275
71,226
75,189
78,490
79,376
83,495
103
6
 
 
 
 
New
Jersey
.............
704,721
854,989
986,616
1,030,214
1,045,117
1,042,476
97,222
145,010
155,788
159,908
156,011
160,278
New
Mexico
.............
199,247
307,083
358,189
397,463
413,344
474,793
24,610
34,364
38,860
40,643
42,363
44,497
New
York
.................
2,168,446
2,313,128
2,379,089
2,547,935
2,202,186
2,210,205
293,949
372,650
346,962
348,602
405,160
358,437
North
Carolina
.........
1,060,049
1,351,111
1,570,743
1,664,641
1,686,718
1,829,919
42,997
62,785
73,799
77,743
79,490
85,490
North
Dakota
...........
126,892
129,986
130,183
146,311
138,785
152,213
698
9
9
5
170
335
Ohio
.........................
1,098,188
1,360,141
1,323,256
1,403,112
1,488,806
1,574,033
40,249
63,899
81,755
98,374
120,161
86,111
Oklahoma
................
347,589
473,898
504,877
524,139
536,307
576,031
2,672
12,822
14,771
16,374
18,578
18,572
Oregon
....................
294,932
377,476
405,006
437,230
442,603
458,761
93,901
118,499
108,930
95,352
82,282
90,957
Pennsylvania
...........
778,379
962,121
1,028,622
1,083,273
1,110,896
1,117,954
52,511
62,794
75,014
80,330
78,912
84,822
Rhode
Island
...........
107,512
113,614
109,983
116,425
121,153
129,679
 
 
 
 
 
 
South
Carolina
........
446,042
578,794
581,835
616,532
647,111
684,740
12,348
18,670
21,972
23,315
25,737
26,823
South
Dakota
..........
65,942
81,859
98,378
99,060
105,090
106,743
 
 
 
 
957
48
Tennessee
...............
557,452
663,536
765,915
827,754
850,110
861,300
37
1,779
1,935
2,057
2,113
2,216
Texas
.......................
2,042,728
2,627,916
3,188,001
3,171,462
3,302,958
3,286,469
159,650
210,934
249,579
261,933
280,141
301,996
Utah
.........................
245,227
304,738
361,814
394,074
414,407
439,367
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vermont
...................
33,764
40,997
40,881
40,667
42,400
42,505
 
4
13
114
62
 
Virginia
....................
729,010
886,208
807,866
846,612
839,587
884,535
884
973
998
1,972
1,282
2,110
Washington
.............
617,480
828,700
894,859
863,971
914,200
967,196
229
2,470
 
 
100
99
West
Virginia
...........
212,887
263,269
291,886
298,016
320,198
322,869
702
574
615
678
693
686
Wisconsin
................
648,722
841,192
938,775
935,211
937,513
945,373
176,778
197,712
246,471
258,949
275,712
293,208
Wyoming
.................
108,322
120,623
122,297
125,560
130,162
132,256
9,975
12,721
13,363
14,005
13,489
14,013
U.
S.
Service
Schools
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
....
265,427
339,547
63,887
473,168
551,957
563,018
10,276
12,724
15,928
16,810
22,579
15,979
American
Samoa
.....
 
2,154
2,509
2,622
 
 
1,533
 
 
 
9,443
3,013
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..........
 
 
 
 
11
7
 
 
1,061
2,372
2,978
2,153
Guam
.......................
11,617
28,283
33,587
35,091
29,975
29,425
6,803
10,028
11,469
11,761
10,118
10,772
Marshall
Islands
......
 
 
419
313
324
341
 
 
 
 
 
 
Northern
Marianas
..
 
 
 
5,817
8,164
8,455
 
 
940
 
 
 
Palau
.......................
 
644
697
1,993
2,040
2,040
 
 
 
 
 
 
Puerto
Rico
.............
243,054
277,295
9,587
410,244
493,833
504,450
1,940
2,375
2,459
2,677
40
40
Virgin
Islands
...........
10,757
31,170
17,087
17,087
17,610
18,300
 
320
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Data
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education,
which
are
institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
383
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
REVENUE
Table
340.
 
Current­
fund
revenue
received
from
the
federal
government
by
the
120
degree­
granting
institutions
receiving
the
largest
amounts:
1995
 
96
[
In
thousands]

Institution
Rank
order
Current­
fund
revenue
from
the
federal
government
1
Institution
Rank
order
Currentfund
revenue
from
the
federal
government
1
1
2
3
1
2
3
United
States
(
all
institutions)
...................
(
2)
$
23,939,075
120
institutions
receiving
the
largest
amounts
.....
(
2)
17,749,174
California
Institute
of
Technology
.........................
1
1,222,384
University
of
Colorado,
Health
Sciences
Center
........................
61
101,937
Johns
Hopkins
University
(
MD)
............................
2
817,287
Purdue
University,
Main
Campus
(
IN)
........................................
62
100,898
University
of
Chicago
(
IL)
.....................................
3
700,181
University
of
Virginia,
Main
Campus
..........................................
63
96,302
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
................
4
608,625
University
of
Hawaii
at
Manoa
....................................................
64
93,741
Stanford
University
(
CA)
.......................................
5
462,069
Rutgers
University,
Central
Office
(
NJ)
......................................
65
92,856
University
of
Washington
......................................
6
380,684
Oregon
State
University
..............................................................
66
91,603
University
of
Michigan,
Ann
Arbor
........................
7
320,239
University
of
Texas,
Southwestern
Medical
Center,
Dallas
.......
67
88,857
United
States
Air
Force
Academy
(
CO)
...............
8
305,640
North
Carolina
State
University
at
Raleigh
.................................
68
88,477
University
of
Miami
(
FL)
.......................................
9
286,948
Uniformed
Services
University
of
the
Health
Sciences
(
MD)
.....
69
88,464
United
States
Military
Academy
(
NY)
...................
10
283,007
State
University
of
New
York
at
Stony
Brook
............................
70
84,467
University
of
Wisconsin,
Madison
.........................
11
273,630
Colorado
State
University
...........................................................
71
83,481
University
of
Southern
California
..........................
12
272,429
University
of
Georgia
..................................................................
72
82,148
University
of
California,
San
Diego
......................
13
272,426
Wake
Forest
University
(
NC)
......................................................
73
81,458
University
of
California,
Los
Angeles
...................
14
259,647
Tulane
University
of
Louisiana
...................................................
74
76,650
Harvard
University
(
MA)
.......................................
15
259,419
Cornell
University,
Statutory
Colleges
(
NY)
...............................
75
73,773
Cornell
University
Medical
Center
(
NY)
...............
16
254,693
University
of
Texas
Health
Science
Center
................................
76
73,391
University
of
Pennsylvania
...................................
17
248,881
Virginia
Polytechnic
Institute
and
State
University
.....................
77
73,340
Columbia
University
in
the
City
of
New
York
.......
18
239,546
Yeshiva
University
(
NY)
..............................................................
78
71,317
University
of
Minnesota,
Twin
Cities
....................
19
238,092
University
of
Tennessee,
Knoxville
.............................................
79
71,192
Georgetown
University
(
DC)
.................................
20
236,866
New
Mexico
State
University,
Main
Campus
.............................
80
70,316
University
of
California,
San
Francisco
................
21
231,890
University
of
Maryland,
Baltimore
Professional
Schools
............
81
69,642
United
States
Naval
Academy
(
MD)
....................
22
228,590
Indiana
University­
Purdue
University
at
Indianapolis
.................
82
69,165
University
of
North
Carolina,
Chapel
Hill
..............
23
216,635
State
University
of
New
York
at
Buffalo
.....................................
83
68,885
Yale
University
(
CT)
.............................................
24
202,483
University
of
California,
Santa
Barbara
......................................
84
68,610
Howard
University
(
DC)
........................................
25
198,855
University
of
Kentucky
................................................................
85
67,429
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Main
Campus
(
PA)
........
26
195,479
Washington
State
University
.......................................................
86
65,672
Princeton
University
(
NJ)
......................................
27
192,874
Mount
Sinai
School
of
Medicine
(
NY)
........................................
87
65,242
Pennsylvania
State
University,
Main
Campus
.....
28
188,380
Wayne
State
University
(
MI)
.......................................................
88
65,175
Duke
University
(
NC)
............................................
29
187,672
City
University
of
New
York
System
Office
................................
89
64,511
University
of
Illinois
at
Urbana
..............................
30
185,539
University
of
Cincinnati,
Main
Campus
(
OH)
..............................
90
64,317
University
of
California,
Berkeley
.........................
31
183,503
Arizona
State
University,
Main
Campus
.....................................
91
62,487
University
of
Arizona
.............................................
32
176,863
Utah
State
University
..................................................................
92
61,984
University
of
Texas
at
Austin
................................
33
173,225
University
of
Texas,
Health
Science
Center,
San
Antonio
.........
93
60,550
Washington
University
(
MO)
.................................
34
173,216
University
of
Medicine
and
Dentistry
of
New
Jersey
..................
94
59,543
Cornell
University,
Endowed
Colleges
(
NY)
.........
35
147,520
Florida
State
University
...............................................................
95
59,278
University
of
Alabama
at
Birmingham
..................
36
147,204
Virginia
Commonwealth
University
.............................................
96
59,196
Ohio
State
University,
Main
Campus
...................
37
140,525
Rush
University
(
IL)
....................................................................
97
58,066
University
of
Iowa
.................................................
38
138,791
University
of
Massachusetts,
Amherst
.......................................
98
57,999
Carnegie
Mellon
University
(
PA)
..........................
39
134,210
Gallaudet
University
(
DC)
...........................................................
99
57,283
Georgia
Institute
of
Technology,
Main
Campus
...
40
131,260
Thomas
Jefferson
University
(
PA)
..............................................
100
56,475
University
of
Colorado
at
Boulder
........................
41
129,225
The
University
of
Texas
Medical
Branch,
Galveston
.................
101
55,805
University
of
New
Mexico,
Main
Campus
............
42
126,582
Tufts
University
(
MA)
..................................................................
102
55,611
Naval
Postgraduate
School
(
CA)
.........................
43
126,176
University
of
Nebraska
at
Lincoln
...............................................
103
55,571
Case
Western
Reserve
University
(
OH)
..............
44
123,802
West
Virginia
University
..............................................................
104
53,928
Iowa
State
University
............................................
45
120,969
Indiana
University,
Bloomington
.................................................
105
53,619
Texas
A
&
M
University
........................................
46
118,974
Brown
University
(
RI)
..................................................................
106
53,051
University
of
California,
Davis
..............................
47
118,234
Mississippi
State
University
........................................................
107
53,017
Northwestern
University
(
IL)
.................................
48
116,653
Clark
Atlanta
University
(
GA)
......................................................
108
52,762
University
of
Rochester
(
NY)
................................
49
114,837
Oregon
Health
Science
University
..............................................
109
48,150
University
of
Florida
..............................................
50
114,069
University
of
Missouri,
Columbia
................................................
110
48,141
New
York
University
.............................................
51
113,818
Auburn
University,
Main
Campus
(
AL)
.......................................
111
48,047
Emory
University
(
GA)
..........................................
52
113,493
Dartmouth
College
(
NH)
.............................................................
112
47,817
University
of
Maryland,
College
Park
Campus
....
53
113,009
Central
Michigan
University
........................................................
113
47,661
Vanderbilt
University
(
TN)
....................................
54
112,906
Rochester
Institute
of
Technology
(
NY)
.....................................
114
47,429
Boston
University
(
MA)
.........................................
55
108,349
University
of
South
Carolina
at
Columbia
..................................
115
46,963
Baylor
College
of
Medicine
(
TX)
..........................
56
108,230
Air
Force
Institute
of
Technology
(
OH)
.......................................
116
45,975
University
of
Oklahoma,
Health
Sciences
Center
57
106,500
United
States
Army
Command
and
General
Staff
College
(
KS)
117
44,911
University
of
Illinois
at
Chicago
............................
58
104,366
Medical
University
of
South
Carolina
.........................................
118
43,870
Michigan
State
University
.....................................
59
104,093
University
of
Oregon
...................................................................
119
43,455
University
of
Utah
.................................................
60
103,199
University
of
Connecticut
............................................................
120
42,321
1
Includes
federal
appropriations,
unrestricted
and
restricted
federal
contracts
and
grants,
and
revenue
for
independent
operations.
Independent
operations
generally
include
only
the
revenues
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers.
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
Federally
supported
student
aid
that
is
received
through
students
is
excluded.
2
Not
applicable.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance,
1995
 
96''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
384
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
341.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
per
student:
1929
 
30
to
1995
 
96
[
Columns
2
through
17
in
thousands]

Year
Current­
fund
expenditures
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Total
Administration
and
general
expense
Instruction
and
departmental
research
Organized
research
Libraries
Plant
operation
and
maintenance
Organized
activities
related
to
instructional
departments
1
Other
sponsored
programs
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Institutions
of
higher
education
6
1929
 
30
...........................
$
507,142
$
377,903
$
42,633
$
221,598
7
$
18,007
$
9,622
$
61,061
(
8)
 
1931
 
32
...........................
536,523
420,633
47,232
232,645
7
21,978
11,379
56,797
9
$
21,297
 
1933
 
34
...........................
469,329
369,661
43,155
203,332
7
17,064
13,387
51,046
9
14,155
 
1935
 
36
...........................
541,391
419,883
48,069
225,143
7
22,091
15,531
56,802
9
20,241
 
1937
 
38
...........................
614,385
475,191
56,406
253,006
7
25,213
17,588
62,738
9
24,031
 
1939
 
40
...........................
674,688
521,990
62,827
280,248
7
27,266
19,487
69,612
9
27,225
 
1941
 
42
...........................
738,169
572,465
66,968
298,558
7
34,287
19,763
72,594
9
37,771
 
1943
 
44
...........................
974,118
753,846
69,668
334,189
7
58,456
20,452
81,201
9
48,415
10
$
97,044
1945
 
46
...........................
1,088,422
820,326
104,808
375,122
7
86,812
26,560
110,947
9
60,604
 
1947
 
48
...........................
1,883,269
1,391,594
171,829
657,945
7
159,090
44,208
201,996
9
85,346
 
1949
 
50
...........................
2,245,661
1,706,444
213,070
780,994
7
225,341
56,147
225,110
9
119,108
 
1951
 
52
...........................
2,471,008
1,960,481
233,844
823,117
7
317,928
60,612
240,446
9
147,854
 
1953
 
54
...........................
2,882,864
2,345,331
288,147
960,556
7
372,643
72,944
277,874
9
186,905
 
1955
 
56
...........................
3,499,463
2,861,858
355,207
1,140,655
7
500,793
85,563
324,229
9
222,007
 
1957
 
58
...........................
4,509,666
3,734,350
473,945
1,465,603
7
727,776
109,715
406,226
9
238,455
 
1959
 
60
...........................
5,601,376
4,685,258
583,224
1,793,320
7
1,022,353
135,384
469,943
9
294,255
 
1961
 
62
...........................
7,154,526
5,997,007
730,429
2,202,443
7
1,474,406
177,362
564,225
9
375,040
 
1963
 
64
...........................
9,177,677
7,725,433
957,512
2,801,707
7
1,973,383
236,718
686,054
9
458,507
 
1965
 
66
...........................
12,509,489
10,376,630
1,251,107
3,756,175
7
2,448,300
346,248
844,506
9
558,170
155,202
1966
 
67
...........................
14,230,341
10,724,974
1,445,074
4,356,413
1,565,102
415,903
969,275
591,848
350,950
1967
 
68
...........................
16,480,786
12,847,350
1,738,946
5,139,179
1,933,473
493,266
1,127,290
350,711
514,294
1968
 
69
...........................
18,481,583
14,718,140
2,277,585
5,941,972
2,034,074
571,572
1,337,903
535,269
668,483
1969
 
70
...........................
21,043,113
16,845,212
2,627,993
6,883,844
2,144,076
652,596
1,541,698
648,089
769,253
1970
 
71
...........................
23,375,197
18,714,642
2,983,911
7,804,410
2,209,338
716,212
1,730,664
693,011
890,507
1971
 
72
...........................
25,559,560
20,441,878
3,344,215
8,443,261
2,265,282
764,481
1,927,553
779,728
1,059,989
1972
 
73
...........................
27,955,624
22,400,379
3,713,068
9,243,641
2,394,261
840,727
2,141,162
791,290
1,284,085
1973
 
74
...........................
30,713,581
24,653,849
4,200,955
10,219,118
2,480,450
939,023
2,494,057
838,170
1,355,027
1974
 
75
...........................
35,057,563
27,547,620
4,495,391
11,797,823
3,132,132
1,001,868
2,786,768
1,253,824
 
1975
 
76
...........................
38,903,177
30,598,685
5,240,066
13,094,943
3,287,364
1,223,723
3,082,959
1,248,670
 
1976
 
77
...........................
42,599,816
33,151,681
5,590,669
14,031,145
3,600,067
1,250,314
3,436,705
1,544,646
 
1977
 
78
...........................
45,970,790
36,256,604
6,177,029
15,336,229
3,919,830
1,348,747
3,795,043
1,781,160
 
1978
 
79
...........................
50,720,984
39,833,116
6,832,004
16,662,820
4,447,760
1,426,614
4,178,574
2,044,386
 
1979
 
80
...........................
56,913,588
44,542,843
7,621,143
18,496,717
5,099,151
1,623,811
4,700,070
2,252,577
 
1980
 
81
...........................
64,052,938
50,073,805
8,681,513
20,733,166
5,657,719
1,759,784
5,350,310
2,513,502
 
1981
 
82
...........................
70,339,448
54,848,752
9,648,069
22,962,527
5,929,894
1,922,416
5,979,281
2,734,038
 
1982
 
83
...........................
75,935,749
58,929,218
10,412,233
24,673,293
6,265,280
2,039,671
6,391,596
3,047,220
 
1983
 
84
...........................
81,993,360
63,741,276
11,561,260
26,436,308
6,723,534
2,231,149
6,729,825
3,300,003
 
1984
 
85
...........................
89,951,263
70,061,324
12,765,452
28,777,183
7,551,892
2,361,793
7,345,482
3,712,460
 
1985
 
86
...........................
97,535,742
76,127,965
13,913,724
31,032,099
8,437,367
2,551,331
7,605,226
4,116,061
 
1986
 
87
...........................
105,763,557
82,955,555
15,060,576
33,711,146
9,352,309
2,441,184
7,819,032
5,134,267
 
1987
 
88
...........................
113,786,476
89,157,430
16,171,015
35,833,563
10,350,931
2,836,498
8,230,986
5,305,083
 
1988
 
89
...........................
123,867,184
96,803,377
17,309,956
38,812,690
11,432,170
3,009,870
8,739,895
5,894,409
 
1989
 
90
...........................
134,655,571
105,585,076
19,062,179
42,145,987
12,505,961
3,254,239
9,458,262
6,183,405
 
1990
 
91
...........................
146,087,836
114,139,901
20,751,966
45,496,117
13,444,040
3,343,892
10,062,581
6,706,881
 
1991
 
92
...........................
156,189,161
121,567,157
21,984,118
47,997,196
14,261,554
3,595,834
10,346,580
6,981,184
 
1992
 
93
...........................
165,241,040
128,977,968
23,414,977
50,340,914
15,291,309
3,684,852
10,783,727
7,388,118
 
1993
 
94
...........................
173,350,617
136,024,350
24,489,022
52,775,599
16,117,610
3,908,412
11,368,496
7,769,499
 
1994
 
95
...........................
182,968,610
144,158,002
25,904,821
55,719,707
17,109,541
4,165,761
11,745,905
8,112,930
 
1995
 
96
...........................
189,986,238
150,927,324
27,683,381
57,572,851
17,519,665
4,299,177
12,257,540
9,010,262
 
Degree­
granting
institutions
12
1995
 
96
...........................
190,476,163
151,445,605
27,886,345
57,810,033
17,517,887
4,293,363
12,330,885
9,003,700
 
385
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
341.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
per
student:
1929
 
30
to
1995
 
96
 
Continued
[
Columns
2
through
17
in
thousands]

Year
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Auxiliary
enterprises
Independent
operations
3
Hospitals
Other
current
expenditures
Educational
and
general
expenditures
per
student
in
fall
enrollment
4
Extension
and
public
service
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Other
general
expenditures
Current
dollars
Constant
1995
 
96
dollars
5
1
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Institutions
of
higher
education
6
1929
 
30
...........................
$
24,982
(
8)
 
$
3,127
(
7)
(
9)
$
126,112
$
343
$
3,099
1931
 
32
...........................
24,066
(
8)
$
5,239
90,897
(
7)
(
9)
24,993
364
3,906
1933
 
34
...........................
20,020
(
8)
7,502
78,730
(
7)
(
9)
20,938
350
4,087
1935
 
36
...........................
29,426
(
8)
2,580
95,332
(
7)
(
9)
26,176
348
3,907
1937
 
38
...........................
34,189
(
8)
2,020
115,620
(
7)
(
9)
23,574
352
3,794
1939
 
40
...........................
35,325
(
8)
 
124,184
(
7)
(
9)
28,514
349
3,862
1941
 
42
...........................
42,525
(
8)
 
137,328
(
7)
(
9)
28,375
408
4,040
1943
 
44
...........................
44,421
(
8)
 
199,344
(
7)
(
9)
20,928
653
5,786
1945
 
46
...........................
55,473
(
8)
 
242,028
(
7)
(
9)
26,068
489
4,143
1947
 
48
...........................
71,180
(
8)
 
438,988
(
7)
(
9)
52,687
595
3,946
1949
 
50
...........................
86,674
(
8)
 
476,401
(
7)
(
9)
62,816
698
4,553
1951
 
52
...........................
97,408
$
39,272
 
477,672
(
7)
(
9)
32,855
933
5,483
1953
 
54
...........................
112,227
74,035
 
537,533
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,051
6,039
1955
 
56
...........................
137,914
95,490
 
637,605
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,079
6,199
1957
 
58
...........................
175,256
129,935
7,439
775,316
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,124
6,078
1959
 
60
...........................
205,595
172,050
9,134
916,117
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,287
6,768
1961
 
62
...........................
244,337
228,765
 
1,157,517
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,447
7,437
1963
 
64
...........................
297,350
300,370
13,832
1,452,244
(
7)
(
9)
 
1,616
8,097
1965
 
66
...........................
438,385
425,524
153,013
1,887,744
(
7)
(
9)
11
245,115
1,753
8,486
1966
 
67
...........................
226,566
583,390
220,453
2,060,130
$
951,668
$
253,790
11
239,780
1,678
7,878
1967
 
68
...........................
597,544
712,425
240,222
2,302,419
765,495
290,000
11
275,523
1,859
8,444
1968
 
69
...........................
536,527
814,755
 
2,539,183
697,317
526,943
 
1,959
8,486
1969
 
70
...........................
593,067
984,594
 
2,769,276
757,388
671,236
 
2,104
8,607
1970
 
71
...........................
588,390
1,098,198
 
2,988,407
829,596
842,552
 
2,181
8,482
1971
 
72
...........................
615,997
1,241,372
 
3,178,272
940,825
998,585
 
2,284
8,577
1972
 
73
...........................
669,735
1,322,411
 
3,337,789
1,033,746
1,183,709
 
2,431
8,773
1973
 
74
...........................
730,560
1,396,488
 
3,613,256
1,014,872
1,431,604
 
2,568
8,508
1974
 
75
...........................
1,097,788
1,449,542
532,485
4,073,590
1,085,590
2,350,763
 
2,694
8,038
1975
 
76
...........................
1,238,603
1,635,859
546,498
4,476,841
1,132,016
2,695,635
 
2,736
7,621
1976
 
77
...........................
1,343,404
1,770,214
584,515
4,858,328
1,434,738
3,155,069
 
3,010
7,925
1977
 
78
...........................
1,425,294
1,839,298
633,973
5,261,477
855,054
3,597,655
 
3,213
7,925
1978
 
79
...........................
1,593,097
1,944,599
703,262
5,749,974
1,007,119
4,130,775
 
3,538
7,979
1979
 
80
...........................
1,816,521
2,200,468
732,385
6,485,608
1,127,728
4,757,409
 
3,850
7,662
1980
 
81
...........................
2,057,770
2,504,525
815,516
7,288,089
1,257,934
5,433,111
 
4,139
7,383
1981
 
82
...........................
2,203,726
2,684,945
783,854
7,997,632
1,258,777
6,234,287
 
4,433
7,278
1982
 
83
...........................
2,320,478
2,922,897
856,548
8,614,316
1,406,126
6,986,089
 
4,742
7,465
1983
 
84
...........................
2,499,203
3,301,673
958,321
9,250,196
1,622,233
7,379,654
 
5,114
7,762
1984
 
85
...........................
2,861,095
3,670,355
1,015,613
10,012,248
1,867,550
8,010,141
 
5,723
8,360
1985
 
86
...........................
3,119,533
4,160,174
1,192,449
10,528,303
2,187,361
8,692,113
 
6,216
8,826
1986
 
87
...........................
3,448,453
4,776,100
1,212,488
11,037,333
2,597,655
9,173,014
 
6,635
9,215
1987
 
88
...........................
3,786,362
5,325,358
1,317,633
11,399,953
2,822,632
10,406,461
 
6,984
9,314
1988
 
89
...........................
4,227,323
5,918,666
1,458,397
12,280,063
2,958,962
11,824,782
 
7,415
9,453
1989
 
90
...........................
4,689,758
6,655,544
1,629,742
13,203,984
3,187,224
12,679,286
 
7,799
9,489
1990
 
91
...........................
5,076,177
7,551,184
1,707,063
14,272,247
3,349,824
14,325,865
 
8,260
9,529
1991
 
92
...........................
5,489,298
9,060,000
1,851,393
14,966,100
3,551,592
16,104,313
 
8,466
9,464
1992
 
93
...........................
5,935,095
10,148,373
1,990,603
15,561,508
3,651,891
17,049,672
 
8,903
9,651
1993
 
94
...........................
6,242,414
11,238,010
2,115,288
16,429,341
3,387,323
17,509,603
 
9,509
10,048
1994
 
95
...........................
6,691,485
12,285,328
2,422,524
17,204,917
3,534,332
18,071,359
 
10,096
10,371
1995
 
96
...........................
7,045,145
13,138,965
2,400,338
17,569,276
3,492,548
17,997,090
 
10,583
10,583
Degree­
granting
institutions
12
1995
 
96
...........................
7,007,413
13,195,102
2,400,876
17,599,061
3,490,511
17,940,986
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Academic
support
excluding
expenditures
for
libraries.
2
Includes
all
separately
budgeted
programs,
other
than
research,
which
are
supported
by
sponsors
outside
the
institution.
Examples
are
training
programs,
workshops,
and
training
and
instructional
institutes.
For
years
not
shown,
most
expenditures
for
these
programs
are
included
under
``
Extension
and
public
service.''
3
Generally
includes
only
those
expenditures
associated
with
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDCs).
4
Data
for
1929
 
30
to
1945
 
46
are
based
on
school
year
enrollment.
5
Data
adjusted
by
the
Consumer
Price
Index
computed
on
a
school
year
basis.
6
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
7
Expenditures
for
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
are
included
under
``
Organized
research.''
8
Included
under
``
Other
current
expenditures.''
9
Expenditures
for
hospitals
included
under
``
Organized
activities
related
to
instructional
departments.''
10
Expenditures
were
for
federal
contract
courses.
11
Includes
current
expenditures
for
physical
plant
assets.
In
later
years,
the
educational
and
general
expenditures
for
physical
plant
assets
are
included
under
``
Other
general
expenditures.''

12
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

NOTE:
The
data
in
this
table
reflect
limitations
of
data
availability
and
comparability.
Major
changes
in
data
collection
forms
in
1965
 
66
and
1974
 
75
cause
significant
data
comparability
problems
among
the
three
mostly
consistent
time
periods,
1929
 
30
to
1963
 
64,
1965
 
66
to
1973
 
74,
and
1974
 
75
to
the
present.
The
largest
problems
affect
Hospitals,
Independent
operations,
Organized
research,
Other
sponsored
programs,
Extension
and
public
service,
and
Scholarships
and
fellowships.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Biennial
Survey
of
Education
in
the
United
States;
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
386
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
342.
 
Expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
Type
of
institution
Current­
fund
expenditures
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Total
Instruction
Research
Public
service
Academic
support
Total
Libraries
only
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
In
thousands
Total
2
..............................................
$
125,978,073
$
101,554,184
$
40,467,048
$
12,767,351
$
5,737,393
$
9,635,380
$
2,841,667
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
46,673,565
34,483,578
11,606,555
8,436,279
2,720,080
3,347,440
961,084
Research
II
universities
3
....................
7,672,748
6,623,101
2,426,740
1,141,835
528,100
706,966
222,774
Doctoral
universities
............................
13,289,015
11,570,383
4,362,669
1,314,047
700,645
1,222,376
388,815
Master's
...............................................
20,405,039
17,545,557
7,799,482
583,858
646,036
1,707,709
618,977
Baccalaureate
.....................................
2,299,127
2,009,105
809,424
31,568
75,201
210,857
73,358
Associate
of
arts
.................................
23,146,890
21,682,533
10,275,506
25,143
527,044
1,867,844
473,332
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
12,388,680
7,539,310
3,154,285
1,233,905
537,894
561,411
101,662
Health
and
medicine
......................
10,429,545
5,782,993
2,579,583
1,134,438
516,658
359,023
68,985
Engineering
....................................
220,970
200,085
80,226
21,519
4,126
16,103
5,882
Business
.........................................
32,325
29,863
12,775
0
1,885
3,338
730
Fine
arts
.........................................
131,435
118,917
52,175
0
825
14,160
4,074
Other
specialized
...........................
1,574,406
1,407,453
429,526
77,948
14,401
168,788
21,992
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
103,010
100,616
32,387
717
2,393
10,775
1,666
4­
year
.............................................
24,348
23,995
6,762
73
354
2,142
378
2­
year
.............................................
78,662
76,620
25,625
644
2,039
8,633
1,287
Percentage
distribution
of
current­
fund
expenditures
Total
2
..............................................
100.00
80.61
32.12
10.13
4.55
7.65
2.26
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
100.00
73.88
24.87
18.08
5.83
7.17
2.06
Research
II
universities
3
....................
100.00
86.32
31.63
14.88
6.88
9.21
2.90
Doctoral
universities
............................
100.00
87.07
32.83
9.89
5.27
9.20
2.93
Master's
...............................................
100.00
85.99
38.22
2.86
3.17
8.37
3.03
Baccalaureate
.....................................
100.00
87.39
35.21
1.37
3.27
9.17
3.19
Associate
of
arts
.................................
100.00
93.67
44.39
0.11
2.28
8.07
2.04
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
100.00
60.86
25.46
9.96
4.34
4.53
0.82
Health
and
medicine
......................
100.00
55.45
24.73
10.88
4.95
3.44
0.66
Engineering
....................................
100.00
90.55
36.31
9.74
1.87
7.29
2.66
Business
.........................................
100.00
92.38
39.52
0.00
5.83
10.33
2.26
Fine
arts
.........................................
100.00
90.48
39.70
0.00
0.63
10.77
3.10
Other
specialized
...........................
100.00
89.40
27.28
4.95
0.91
10.72
1.40
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
100.00
97.68
31.44
0.70
2.32
10.46
1.62
4­
year
.............................................
100.00
98.55
27.77
0.30
1.45
8.80
1.55
2­
year
.............................................
100.00
97.41
32.58
0.82
2.59
10.98
1.64
Expenditure
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
Total
2
..............................................
$
16,162
$
13,029
$
5,192
$
1,638
$
736
$
1,236
$
365
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
32,512
24,020
8,085
5,876
1,895
2,332
669
Research
II
universities
3
....................
18,798
16,226
5,945
2,797
1,294
1,732
546
Doctoral
universities
............................
17,780
15,481
5,837
1,758
937
1,636
520
Master's
...............................................
11,345
9,755
4,337
325
359
950
344
Baccalaureate
.....................................
8,632
7,543
3,039
119
282
792
275
Associate
of
arts
.................................
7,665
7,180
3,403
8
175
619
157
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
113,002
68,769
28,772
11,255
4,906
5,121
927
Health
and
medicine
......................
209,324
116,066
51,773
22,768
10,369
7,206
1,385
Engineering
....................................
16,326
14,783
5,927
1,590
305
1,190
435
Business
.........................................
10,661
9,849
4,213
0
622
1,101
241
Fine
arts
.........................................
12,804
11,585
5,083
0
80
1,379
397
Other
specialized
...........................
47,745
42,682
13,026
2,364
437
5,119
667
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
11,106
10,848
3,492
77
258
1,162
180
4­
year
.............................................
12,972
12,784
3,603
39
189
1,141
202
2­
year
.............................................
10,633
10,357
3,464
87
276
1,167
174
387
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
342.
 
Expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
 
Continued
Type
of
institution
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Auxiliary
enterprises
Hospitals
Independent
operations
1
Student
services
Institutional
support
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Mandatory
transfers
1
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
In
thousands
Total
2
..............................................
$
6,243,190
$
11,276,456
$
8,300,512
$
5,573,209
$
1,553,644
$
12,051,424
$
12,113,610
$
258,854
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
1,173,147
2,309,356
2,225,720
2,000,785
664,217
4,613,241
7,487,853
88,893
Research
II
universities
3
....................
311,678
542,774
474,517
397,192
93,299
1,048,122
0
1,524
Doctoral
universities
............................
643,197
1,562,184
848,359
741,423
175,484
1,696,796
21,835
0
Master's
...............................................
1,412,525
2,173,377
1,653,782
1,253,328
315,460
2,622,401
224,080
13,000
Baccalaureate
.....................................
198,127
285,992
208,967
151,684
37,286
290,022
0
0
Associate
of
arts
.................................
2,277,839
3,451,463
2,189,815
875,998
191,880
1,408,655
0
55,702
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
214,057
930,078
687,565
145,069
75,046
369,793
4,379,842
99,735
Health
and
medicine
......................
54,153
641,701
370,551
63,734
63,153
240,732
4,309,644
96,176
Engineering
....................................
11,569
24,389
22,122
12,264
7,766
17,331
0
3,554
Business
.........................................
1,621
5,319
2,563
2,363
0
2,462
0
0
Fine
arts
.........................................
8,811
22,613
12,871
7,353
110
12,518
0
0
Other
specialized
...........................
137,903
236,056
279,458
59,354
4,017
96,750
70,198
5
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
12,621
21,233
11,787
7,731
972
2,394
0
0
4­
year
.............................................
5,717
5,033
3,003
911
0
353
0
0
2­
year
.............................................
6,903
16,199
8,785
6,820
972
2,041
0
0
Percentage
distribution
of
current­
fund
expenditures
Total
2
..............................................
4.96
8.95
6.59
4.42
1.23
9.57
9.62
0.21
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
2.51
4.95
4.77
4.29
1.42
9.88
16.04
0.19
Research
II
universities
3
....................
4.06
7.07
6.18
5.18
1.22
13.66
0.00
0.02
Doctoral
universities
............................
4.84
11.76
6.38
5.58
1.32
12.77
0.16
0.00
Master's
...............................................
6.92
10.65
8.10
6.14
1.55
12.85
1.10
0.06
Baccalaureate
.....................................
8.62
12.44
9.09
6.60
1.62
12.61
0.00
0.00
Associate
of
arts
.................................
9.84
14.91
9.46
3.78
0.83
6.09
0.00
0.24
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
1.73
7.51
5.55
1.17
0.61
2.98
35.35
0.81
Health
and
medicine
......................
0.52
6.15
3.55
0.61
0.61
2.31
41.32
0.92
Engineering
....................................
5.24
11.04
10.01
5.55
3.51
7.84
0.00
1.61
Business
.........................................
5.01
16.45
7.93
7.31
0.00
7.62
0.00
0.00
Fine
arts
.........................................
6.70
17.20
9.79
5.59
0.08
9.52
0.00
0.00
Other
specialized
...........................
8.76
14.99
17.75
3.77
0.26
6.15
4.46
0.00
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
12.25
20.61
11.44
7.50
0.94
2.32
0.00
0.00
4­
year
.............................................
23.48
20.67
12.33
3.74
0.00
1.45
0.00
0.00
2­
year
.............................................
8.78
20.59
11.17
8.67
1.24
2.59
0.00
0.00
Expenditure
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
Total
2
..............................................
$
801
$
1,447
$
1,065
$
715
$
199
$
1,546
$
1,554
$
33
Research
I
universities
3
.....................
817
1,609
1,550
1,394
463
3,213
5,216
62
Research
II
universities
3
....................
764
1,330
1,163
973
229
2,568
0
4
Doctoral
universities
............................
861
2,090
1,135
992
235
2,270
29
0
Master's
...............................................
785
1,208
920
697
175
1,458
125
7
Baccalaureate
.....................................
744
1,074
785
570
140
1,089
0
0
Associate
of
arts
.................................
754
1,143
725
290
64
466
0
18
Specialized
institutions
4
.....................
1,953
8,484
6,272
1,323
685
3,373
39,950
910
Health
and
medicine
......................
1,087
12,879
7,437
1,279
1,267
4,832
86,496
1,930
Engineering
....................................
855
1,802
1,634
906
574
1,280
0
263
Business
.........................................
535
1,754
845
779
0
812
0
0
Fine
arts
.........................................
858
2,203
1,254
716
11
1,219
0
0
Other
specialized
...........................
4,182
7,159
8,475
1,800
122
2,934
2,129
0
Tribal
colleges
5
...................................
1,361
2,289
1,271
833
105
258
0
0
4­
year
.............................................
3,046
2,682
1,600
485
0
188
0
0
2­
year
.............................................
933
2,190
1,187
922
131
276
0
0
1
Generally
includes
only
those
expenditures
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).

2
Preliminary
data.

3
Research
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate,
and
give
high
priority
to
research.
Research
I
institutions
receive
$
40
million
or
more
annually
in
federal
support.
Research
II
institutions
receive
between
$
15.5
million
and
$
40
million
annually.
4
Specialized
institutions
award
baccalaureate
or
higher
level
degrees
in
specific
fields
of
study.
5
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations.
They
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance,
1996
 
97''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
388
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
343.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
expenditures
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
in
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
type
and
control
of
institution:
1970
 
71
to
1995
 
96
Control
of
institution
and
year
All
institutions
4­
year
institutions
2­
year
institutions
Current­
fund
expenditures,
in
millions
Current­
fund
expenditures
per
student,
in
constant
1995
 
96
dollars
Current­
fund
expenditures,
in
millions
Current­
fund
expenditures
per
student,
in
constant
1995
 
96
dollars
Current­
fund
expenditures,
in
millions
Current­
fund
expenditures
per
student,
in
constant
1995
 
96
dollars
Unadjusted
dollars
Constant
1995
 
96
dollars
Unadjusted
dollars
Constant
1995
 
96
dollars
Unadjusted
dollars
Constant
1995
 
96
dollars
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
institutions
1970
 
71
...........................
$
23,375
$
96,221
$
14,281
$
21,049
$
86,644
$
16,839
$
2,327
$
9,577
$
6,014
1975
 
76
...........................
38,903
116,642
13,755
33,811
101,375
17,181
5,092
15,267
5,919
1977
 
78
...........................
45,971
121,259
14,409
39,899
105,242
17,732
6,072
16,017
6,458
1978
 
79
...........................
50,721
124,680
14,934
44,163
108,560
18,300
6,558
16,120
6,672
1979
 
80
...........................
56,914
127,266
14,995
49,661
111,048
18,458
7,253
16,218
6,563
1980
 
81
...........................
64,053
129,375
14,670
55,840
112,787
18,306
8,212
16,588
6,241
1981
 
82
...........................
70,339
129,817
14,401
61,333
113,196
18,112
9,006
16,621
6,012
1982
 
83
...........................
75,936
131,597
14,474
66,238
114,791
18,370
9,697
16,806
5,912
1983
 
84
...........................
81,993
135,586
14,792
71,680
118,532
18,740
10,314
17,055
6,003
1984
 
85
...........................
89,951
140,691
15,717
78,744
123,162
19,572
11,207
17,529
6,592
1985
 
86
...........................
97,536
145,339
16,251
85,560
127,494
20,255
11,976
17,845
6,736
1986
 
87
...........................
105,764
151,603
16,726
92,985
133,286
20,956
12,779
18,318
6,775
1987
 
88
...........................
113,786
156,377
16,943
100,143
137,627
21,217
13,644
18,751
6,835
1988
 
89
...........................
123,867
161,643
17,079
109,141
142,426
21,372
14,726
19,217
6,863
1989
 
90
...........................
134,656
165,737
16,945
118,578
145,949
21,420
16,077
19,788
6,669
1990
 
91
...........................
146,088
170,830
17,111
128,594
150,374
21,581
17,494
20,457
6,784
1991
 
92
...........................
156,189
176,566
17,042
137,375
155,297
21,930
18,814
21,269
6,486
1992
 
93
...........................
165,241
181,242
17,366
145,300
159,370
22,354
19,941
21,872
6,613
1993
 
94
...........................
173,351
183,966
17,772
152,164
161,482
22,677
21,187
22,484
6,960
1994
 
95
...........................
182,969
188,404
18,207
160,891
165,671
23,212
22,078
22,734
7,081
1995
 
96
...........................
189,986
189,986
18,383
167,044
167,044
23,288
22,942
22,942
7,255
Public
institutions
1970
 
71
...........................
14,996
61,730
12,463
12,899
53,097
15,308
2,097
8,633
5,815
1975
 
76
...........................
26,184
78,507
12,037
21,392
64,139
15,811
4,792
14,368
5,827
1977
 
78
...........................
30,725
81,045
12,670
25,013
65,978
16,335
5,712
15,067
6,391
1978
 
79
...........................
33,733
82,921
13,206
27,600
67,846
16,978
6,132
15,075
6,603
1979
 
80
...........................
37,768
84,454
13,211
30,979
69,273
17,065
6,789
15,181
6,506
1980
 
81
...........................
42,280
85,397
12,857
34,677
70,042
16,844
7,602
15,355
6,182
1981
 
82
...........................
46,219
85,301
12,579
37,890
69,928
16,616
8,330
15,373
5,975
1982
 
83
...........................
49,573
85,910
12,541
40,616
70,387
16,677
8,957
15,523
5,902
1983
 
84
...........................
53,087
87,785
12,757
43,588
72,078
16,897
9,499
15,707
6,005
1984
 
85
...........................
58,315
91,209
13,644
48,017
75,102
17,722
10,298
16,106
6,583
1985
 
86
...........................
63,194
94,166
14,123
52,184
77,760
18,341
11,010
16,406
6,756
1986
 
87
...........................
67,654
96,976
14,307
56,003
80,275
18,688
11,651
16,701
6,727
1987
 
88
...........................
72,641
99,831
14,390
60,137
82,646
18,801
12,505
17,185
6,761
1988
 
89
...........................
78,946
103,022
14,516
65,349
85,278
18,926
13,597
17,743
6,848
1989
 
90
...........................
85,771
105,568
14,321
70,865
87,222
18,880
14,906
18,346
6,667
1990
 
91
...........................
92,961
108,706
14,383
76,722
89,716
18,927
16,239
18,990
6,739
1991
 
92
...........................
98,847
111,743
14,212
81,334
91,945
19,172
17,513
19,798
6,455
1992
 
93
...........................
104,570
114,696
14,497
86,065
94,399
19,675
18,505
20,297
6,518
1993
 
94
...........................
109,310
116,003
14,849
89,697
95,190
19,973
19,612
20,813
6,832
1994
 
95
...........................
115,465
118,895
15,274
94,895
97,714
20,573
20,570
21,181
6,979
1995
 
96
...........................
119,401
119,401
15,403
97,901
97,901
20,579
21,500
21,500
7,180
Private
institutions
1970
 
71
...........................
8,379
34,492
19,327
8,150
33,547
20,006
230
945
8,763
1975
 
76
...........................
12,719
38,136
19,483
12,419
37,237
20,194
300
899
7,923
1977
 
78
...........................
15,246
40,214
19,919
14,885
39,264
20,709
360
950
7,733
1978
 
79
...........................
16,988
41,759
20,181
16,563
40,714
21,027
425
1,046
7,861
1979
 
80
...........................
19,146
42,812
20,438
18,682
41,775
21,349
464
1,037
7,519
1980
 
81
...........................
21,773
43,978
20,204
21,163
42,745
21,340
610
1,232
7,098
1981
 
82
...........................
24,120
44,516
19,934
23,444
43,268
21,196
676
1,248
6,505
1982
 
83
...........................
26,363
45,687
20,386
25,623
44,404
21,893
740
1,283
6,028
1983
 
84
...........................
28,907
47,801
20,920
28,092
46,453
22,557
815
1,348
5,976
1984
 
85
...........................
31,637
49,482
21,827
30,727
48,059
23,389
910
1,423
6,705
1985
 
86
...........................
34,342
51,173
22,487
33,376
49,734
24,205
966
1,439
6,515
1986
 
87
...........................
38,110
54,627
23,895
36,982
53,011
25,673
1,128
1,617
7,305
1987
 
88
...........................
41,145
56,546
24,671
40,006
54,980
26,297
1,139
1,566
7,779
1988
 
89
...........................
44,922
58,621
24,762
43,792
57,147
26,477
1,130
1,474
7,053
1989
 
90
...........................
48,885
60,169
24,974
47,713
58,727
26,770
1,172
1,442
6,691
1990
 
91
...........................
53,127
62,125
25,614
51,872
60,658
27,226
1,255
1,467
7,428
1991
 
92
...........................
57,342
64,823
25,952
56,041
63,352
27,716
1,301
1,471
6,937
1992
 
93
...........................
60,671
66,546
26,354
59,235
64,971
27,867
1,436
1,575
8,135
1993
 
94
...........................
64,041
67,963
26,767
62,466
66,292
28,150
1,575
1,671
9,077
1994
 
95
...........................
67,504
69,509
27,113
65,996
67,957
28,460
1,508
1,552
8,828
1995
 
96
...........................
70,585
70,585
27,325
69,143
69,143
28,623
1,442
1,442
8,609
NOTE:
Constant
dollars
adjusted
by
the
Higher
Education
Price
Index.
Data
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
and
``
Fall
Enrollment
in
Colleges
and
Universities''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Fall
Enrollment''
and
``
Finance
surveys;
and
Research
Associates
of
Washington,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
389
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
344.
 
Total
expenditures
of
private
not­
for­
profit
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose
and
type
of
institution:
1996
 
97
Type
of
institution
Total
expenditures
Instruction
Research
Public
service
Academic
support
Student
services
Institutional
support
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
Auxiliary
enterprises
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Hospital
services
and
independent
operations
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
In
thousands
Total
1
..................................
$
67,157,890
$
21,137,218
$
6,702,532
$
1,621,847
$
4,939,524
$
4,436,381
$
8,238,473
$
1,742,515
$
7,088,448
$
1,531,986
$
9,718,964
Research
I
universities
2
..........
27,350,976
7,347,840
5,100,325
627,769
1,683,659
782,646
1,928,807
193,892
1,981,045
181,935
7,523,059
Research
II
universities
2
.........
3,879,894
1,266,166
370,746
38,262
225,104
174,271
436,740
83,448
549,560
70,863
664,734
Doctoral
universities
.................
6,284,301
2,302,478
384,003
290,591
749,644
416,815
973,711
144,731
710,409
147,499
164,420
Master's
....................................
9,486,813
3,568,647
161,352
148,351
841,807
1,074,099
1,605,075
348,481
1,315,871
302,384
120,746
Baccalaureate
..........................
11,806,034
3,959,191
100,649
86,150
922,507
1,414,064
2,065,075
569,420
1,997,591
606,241
85,146
Associate
of
arts
......................
861,853
284,605
5,708
3,936
45,588
140,060
154,495
59,240
73,727
30,806
63,688
Specialized
institutions
3
..........
7,450,978
2,399,409
579,676
421,789
468,233
429,654
1,069,005
340,715
457,893
187,434
1,097,171
Religion
and
philosophy
......
1,083,557
315,769
4,353
11,500
100,560
81,997
265,582
93,364
133,744
69,970
6,717
Health
and
medicine
...........
4,059,967
1,236,881
546,206
380,627
154,170
92,497
335,491
140,505
98,655
25,771
1,049,164
Engineering
.........................
268,428
95,853
22,485
1,441
22,353
21,471
53,543
19,994
27,560
3,728
0
Business
..............................
860,056
280,901
192
4,656
73,880
135,575
184,759
30,906
113,605
11,714
23,866
Fine
arts
..............................
718,965
278,212
239
9,965
54,653
59,347
138,036
36,669
61,779
64,540
15,525
Other
specialized
................
460,006
191,792
6,200
13,600
62,617
38,767
91,593
19,276
22,549
11,711
1,900
Tribal
colleges
4
........................
37,040
8,883
73
5,000
2,982
4,773
5,566
2,588
2,351
4,824
0
4­
year
..................................
13,974
4,130
0
3,166
760
613
1,987
446
448
2,425
0
2­
year
..................................
23,066
4,753
73
1,834
2,222
4,160
3,579
2,142
1,903
2,399
0
Percentage
distribution
Total
1
...................................
100.0
31.5
10.0
2.4
7.4
6.6
12.3
2.6
10.6
2.3
14.5
Research
I
universities
2
..........
100.0
26.9
18.6
2.3
6.2
2.9
7.1
0.7
7.2
0.7
27.5
Research
II
universities
2
.........
100.0
32.6
9.6
1.0
5.8
4.5
11.3
2.2
14.2
1.8
17.1
Doctoral
universities
.................
100.0
36.6
6.1
4.6
11.9
6.6
15.5
2.3
11.3
2.3
2.6
Master's
....................................
100.0
37.6
1.7
1.6
8.9
11.3
16.9
3.7
13.9
3.2
1.3
Baccalaureate
..........................
100.0
33.5
0.9
0.7
7.8
12.0
17.5
4.8
16.9
5.1
0.7
Associate
of
arts
......................
100.0
33.0
0.7
0.5
5.3
16.3
17.9
6.9
8.6
3.6
7.4
Specialized
institutions
3
..........
100.0
32.2
7.8
5.7
6.3
5.8
14.3
4.6
6.1
2.5
14.7
Religion
and
philosophy
......
100.0
29.1
0.4
1.1
9.3
7.6
24.5
8.6
12.3
6.5
0.6
Health
and
medicine
...........
100.0
30.5
13.5
9.4
3.8
2.3
8.3
3.5
2.4
0.6
25.8
Engineering
.........................
100.0
35.7
8.4
0.5
8.3
8.0
19.9
7.4
10.3
1.4
0.0
Business
..............................
100.0
32.7
0.0
0.5
8.6
15.8
21.5
3.6
13.2
1.4
2.8
Fine
arts
..............................
100.0
38.7
0.0
1.4
7.6
8.3
19.2
5.1
8.6
9.0
2.2
Other
specialized
................
100.0
41.7
1.3
3.0
13.6
8.4
19.9
4.2
4.9
2.5
0.4
Tribal
colleges
4
........................
100.0
24.0
0.2
13.5
8.1
12.9
15.0
7.0
6.3
13.0
0.0
4­
year
..................................
100.0
29.6
0.0
22.7
5.4
4.4
14.2
3.2
3.2
17.4
0.0
2­
year
..................................
100.0
20.6
0.3
8.0
9.6
18.0
15.5
9.3
8.3
10.4
0.0
Expenditure
per
full­
time
equivalent
student
Total
1
..................................
$
28,113
$
8,848
$
2,806
$
679
$
2,068
$
1,857
$
3,449
$
729
$
2,967
$
641
$
4,068
Research
I
universities
2
..........
79,240
21,288
14,776
1,819
4,878
2,267
5,588
562
5,739
527
21,796
Research
II
universities
2
.........
30,938
10,096
2,956
305
1,795
1,390
3,483
665
4,382
565
5,301
Doctoral
universities
.................
23,803
8,721
1,454
1,101
2,839
1,579
3,688
548
2,691
559
623
Master's
....................................
14,494
5,452
247
227
1,286
1,641
2,452
532
2,010
462
184
Baccalaureate
..........................
17,141
5,748
146
125
1,339
2,053
2,998
827
2,900
880
124
Associate
of
arts
......................
15,490
5,115
103
71
819
2,517
2,777
1,065
1,325
554
1,145
Specialized
institutions
3
..........
29,415
9,472
2,288
1,665
1,849
1,696
4,220
1,345
1,808
740
4,331
Religion
and
philosophy
......
15,970
4,654
64
169
1,482
1,208
3,914
1,376
1,971
1,031
99
Health
and
medicine
...........
78,601
23,946
10,575
7,369
2,985
1,791
6,495
2,720
1,910
499
20,312
Engineering
.........................
20,925
7,472
1,753
112
1,742
1,674
4,174
1,559
2,148
291
0
Business
..............................
14,470
4,726
3
78
1,243
2,281
3,108
520
1,911
197
402
Fine
arts
..............................
19,703
7,624
7
273
1,498
1,626
3,783
1,005
1,693
1,769
425
Other
specialized
................
18,368
7,658
248
543
2,500
1,548
3,657
770
900
468
76
Tribal
colleges
4
........................
18,310
4,391
36
2,471
1,474
2,359
2,751
1,279
1,162
2,384
0
4­
year
..................................
18,833
5,566
0
4,266
1,024
826
2,678
601
604
3,268
0
2­
year
..................................
18,006
3,710
57
1,432
1,735
3,247
2,794
1,672
1,486
1,873
0
1
Preliminary
data.

2
Research
institutions
are
committed
to
graduate
education
through
the
doctorate,
and
give
high
priority
to
research.
Research
I
institutions
receive
$
40
million
or
more
annually
in
federal
support.
Research
II
institutions
receive
between
$
15.5
million
and
$
40
million
annually.

3
Specialized
institutions
award
baccalaureate
or
higher
level
degrees
in
specific
fields
of
study.
4
Tribally
controlled
colleges
are
located
on
reservations.
They
are
members
of
the
American
Indian
Higher
Education
Consortium.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance,
1996
 
97''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
390
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
345.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
Purpose
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
...........
$
64,052,938
$
97,535,742
$
134,655,571
$
146,087,836
$
156,189,161
$
165,241,040
$
173,350,617
$
182,968,610
$
190,476,163
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
50,073,805
76,127,965
105,585,076
114,139,901
121,567,157
128,977,968
136,024,350
144,158,002
151,445,605
Instruction
...................................................
20,733,166
31,032,099
42,145,987
45,496,117
47,997,196
50,340,914
52,775,599
55,719,707
57,810,033
Research
.....................................................
5,657,719
8,437,367
12,505,961
13,444,040
14,261,554
15,291,309
16,117,610
17,109,541
17,517,887
Public
service
..............................................
2,057,770
3,119,533
4,689,758
5,076,177
5,489,298
5,935,095
6,242,414
6,691,485
7,007,413
Academic
support
.......................................
4,273,286
6,667,392
9,437,644
10,050,773
10,577,018
11,072,970
11,677,911
12,278,691
13,297,063
Libraries
...................................................
1,759,784
2,551,331
3,254,239
3,343,892
3,595,834
3,684,852
3,908,412
4,165,761
4,293,363
Student
services
.........................................
2,908,998
4,562,938
6,388,148
7,025,482
7,509,094
8,165,079
8,562,783
9,059,994
9,630,576
Institutional
support
.....................................
5,772,515
9,350,786
12,674,031
13,726,484
14,475,023
15,249,898
15,926,239
16,844,827
18,255,769
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
5,350,310
7,605,226
9,458,262
10,062,581
10,346,580
10,783,727
11,368,496
11,745,905
12,330,885
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
2,504,525
4,160,174
6,655,544
7,551,184
9,060,000
10,148,373
11,238,010
12,285,328
13,195,102
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
1,080,614
2,285,116
3,853,904
4,445,106
5,205,797
5,949,037
6,644,717
7,329,384
8,213,049
From
restricted
funds
1
............................
1,423,911
1,875,059
2,801,640
3,106,078
3,854,203
4,199,337
4,593,293
4,955,944
4,982,054
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
815,516
1,192,449
1,629,742
1,707,063
1,851,393
1,990,603
2,115,288
2,422,524
2,400,876
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
7,288,089
10,528,303
13,203,984
14,272,247
14,966,100
15,561,508
16,429,341
17,204,917
17,599,061
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
508,377
617,171
836,852
936,876
1,003,299
1,109,549
1,158,848
1,228,278
1,145,366
Hospitals
..........................................................
5,433,111
8,692,113
12,679,286
14,325,865
16,104,313
17,049,672
17,509,603
18,071,359
17,940,986
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
57,963
128,833
222,192
274,452
333,714
308,059
344,665
346,072
268,439
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.................
1,257,934
2,187,361
3,187,224
3,349,824
3,551,592
3,651,891
3,387,323
3,534,332
3,490,511
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
643
3,432
5,812
5,645
3,396
2,271
2,354
2,373
2,123
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
..........
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
78.2
78.1
78.4
78.1
77.8
78.1
78.5
78.8
79.5
Instruction
...................................................
32.4
31.8
31.3
31.1
30.7
30.5
30.4
30.5
30.4
Research
.....................................................
8.8
8.7
9.3
9.2
9.1
9.3
9.3
9.4
9.2
Public
service
..............................................
3.2
3.2
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
Academic
support
.......................................
6.7
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
7.0
Libraries
...................................................
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
Student
services
.........................................
4.5
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.1
Institutional
support
.....................................
9.0
9.6
9.4
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.6
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
8.4
7.8
7.0
6.9
6.6
6.5
6.6
6.4
6.5
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
3.9
4.3
4.9
5.2
5.8
6.1
6.5
6.7
6.9
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
1.7
2.3
2.9
3.0
3.3
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.3
From
restricted
funds
1
............................
2.2
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.6
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
11.4
10.8
9.8
9.8
9.6
9.4
9.5
9.4
9.2
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
Hospitals
..........................................................
8.5
8.9
9.4
9.8
10.3
10.3
10.1
9.9
9.4
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.................
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.0
1.9
1.8
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)

1
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
2
Generally
includes
only
those
expenditures
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
391
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
346.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
Purpose
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
...........
$
42,279,806
$
63,193,853
$
92,961,093
$
98,847,180
$
104,570,101
$
109,309,541
$
115,464,975
$
119,524,500
$
125,978,073
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
34,173,013
50,872,962
74,395,428
78,554,534
83,210,979
87,139,226
92,173,768
96,085,623
101,554,184
Instruction
...................................................
14,849,822
21,880,782
31,371,394
32,828,420
34,260,177
35,688,497
37,599,194
38,653,245
40,467,048
Research
.....................................................
3,813,350
5,705,144
9,364,213
9,948,580
10,604,973
11,180,363
11,829,665
12,076,357
12,767,351
Public
service
..............................................
1,718,924
2,515,734
3,990,232
4,285,501
4,563,397
4,741,719
5,034,445
5,321,014
5,737,393
Academic
support
.......................................
3,029,284
4,693,543
6,933,847
7,274,159
7,613,244
8,035,556
8,463,236
9,004,113
9,635,380
Libraries
...................................................
1,187,116
1,685,052
2,167,161
2,284,520
2,329,625
2,449,109
2,614,609
2,690,547
2,841,667
Student
services
.........................................
1,950,566
2,921,758
4,398,365
4,690,921
5,173,239
5,315,370
5,614,011
5,810,403
6,243,190
Institutional
support
.....................................
3,563,194
5,667,144
8,030,642
8,423,156
9,049,589
9,328,236
9,929,007
10,710,279
11,276,456
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
3,681,921
5,177,254
6,655,605
6,790,215
7,076,805
7,433,185
7,668,919
8,005,101
8,300,512
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
1,064,864
1,575,909
2,688,532
3,255,660
3,727,838
4,222,923
4,662,023
5,084,653
5,573,209
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
367,476
696,973
1,270,158
1,523,721
1,745,339
1,934,617
2,149,036
2,457,139
2,736,726
From
restricted
funds
2
............................
697,388
878,935
1,418,374
1,731,939
1,982,498
2,288,306
2,512,988
2,627,514
2,836,483
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
501,087
735,695
962,598
1,057,923
1,141,717
1,193,379
1,373,267
1,420,459
1,553,644
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
4,658,140
6,830,235
9,049,935
9,634,131
10,024,352
10,637,783
11,235,143
11,309,031
12,051,424
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
344,043
410,777
623,146
655,301
758,644
784,115
835,993
793,125
842,693
Hospitals
..........................................................
3,377,972
5,358,699
9,315,902
10,432,773
11,100,602
11,317,674
11,801,589
11,878,939
12,113,610
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
26,613
75,569
195,961
224,095
223,241
242,216
262,343
213,387
293,030
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
3
.................
70,681
131,956
199,827
225,742
234,168
214,858
254,474
250,906
258,854
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
322
846
1,201
510
462
474
465
1,343
1,172
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
..........
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
80.8
80.5
80.0
79.5
79.6
79.7
79.8
80.4
80.6
Instruction
...................................................
35.1
34.6
33.7
33.2
32.8
32.6
32.6
32.3
32.1
Research
.....................................................
9.0
9.0
10.1
10.1
10.1
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.1
Public
service
..............................................
4.1
4.0
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Academic
support
.......................................
7.2
7.4
7.5
7.4
7.3
7.4
7.3
7.5
7.6
Libraries
...................................................
2.8
2.7
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
Student
services
.........................................
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.0
Institutional
support
.....................................
8.4
9.0
8.6
8.5
8.7
8.5
8.6
9.0
9.0
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
8.7
8.2
7.2
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6
6.7
6.6
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
2.5
2.5
2.9
3.3
3.6
3.9
4.0
4.3
4.4
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.1
2.2
From
restricted
funds
2
............................
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.8
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
1.2
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
11.0
10.8
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.7
9.7
9.5
9.6
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
Hospitals
..........................................................
8.0
8.5
10.0
10.6
10.6
10.4
10.2
9.9
9.6
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
3
.................
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)
(
4)

1
Preliminary
data.
2
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
3
Generally
includes
only
those
expenditures
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
4
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
392
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
347.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
private
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
purpose:
1980
 
81
to
1995
 
96
Purpose
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1989
 
90
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
In
thousands
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
..........
$
21,773,132
$
34,341,889
$
48,885,041
$
53,126,743
$
57,341,982
$
60,670,938
$
64,041,076
$
67,503,635
$
70,951,662
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
15,900,792
25,255,003
36,421,118
39,744,472
43,012,623
45,766,989
48,885,124
51,984,234
55,359,982
Instruction
...................................................
5,883,343
9,151,318
12,888,779
14,124,723
15,168,776
16,080,736
17,087,102
18,120,513
19,156,788
Research
.....................................................
1,844,369
2,732,222
3,963,726
4,079,827
4,312,973
4,686,336
4,937,247
5,279,876
5,441,530
Public
service
..............................................
338,845
603,799
1,001,094
1,085,945
1,203,797
1,371,697
1,500,695
1,657,040
1,686,399
Academic
support
.......................................
1,244,002
1,973,849
2,902,568
3,116,927
3,302,859
3,459,726
3,642,355
3,815,455
4,292,950
Libraries
...................................................
572,667
866,279
1,151,567
1,176,731
1,311,314
1,355,227
1,459,304
1,551,152
1,602,816
Student
services
.........................................
958,432
1,641,180
2,366,819
2,627,117
2,818,174
2,991,840
3,247,414
3,445,983
3,820,174
Institutional
support
.....................................
2,209,321
3,683,642
5,183,893
5,695,842
6,051,868
6,200,308
6,598,004
6,915,821
7,545,490
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
1,668,389
2,427,972
3,124,680
3,406,975
3,556,365
3,706,923
3,935,311
4,076,986
4,325,784
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
1,439,661
2,584,266
4,269,051
4,862,651
5,804,340
6,420,536
7,015,087
7,623,304
8,110,450
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
713,138
1,588,143
2,754,479
3,174,947
3,682,076
4,203,697
4,710,100
5,180,348
5,755,910
From
restricted
funds
1
............................
726,523
996,123
1,514,572
1,687,704
2,122,264
2,216,838
2,304,987
2,442,957
2,354,540
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
314,429
456,754
720,508
744,465
793,471
848,886
921,908
1,049,256
980,417
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
2,629,948
3,698,067
4,921,653
5,222,312
5,331,969
5,537,156
5,791,558
5,969,773
6,290,030
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
164,335
206,394
285,521
313,730
347,999
350,905
374,733
392,285
352,241
Hospitals
..........................................................
2,055,139
3,333,414
4,565,297
5,009,963
5,671,540
5,949,070
6,191,929
6,269,769
6,062,047
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
31,349
53,264
66,164
78,491
109,619
84,818
102,449
83,729
55,052
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.................
1,187,253
2,055,405
2,976,973
3,149,996
3,325,850
3,417,723
3,172,465
3,279,859
3,239,604
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
321
2,586
3,535
4,444
2,886
1,808
1,880
1,908
780
Percentage
distribution
Total
current­
fund
expenditures
..........
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Educational
and
general
expenditures
............
73.0
73.5
74.5
74.8
75.0
75.4
76.3
77.0
78.0
Instruction
...................................................
27.0
26.6
26.4
26.6
26.5
26.5
26.7
26.8
27.0
Research
.....................................................
8.5
8.0
8.1
7.7
7.5
7.7
7.7
7.8
7.7
Public
service
..............................................
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.4
Academic
support
.......................................
5.7
5.7
5.9
5.9
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.7
6.1
Libraries
...................................................
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
Student
services
.........................................
4.4
4.8
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.4
Institutional
support
.....................................
10.1
10.7
10.6
10.7
10.6
10.2
10.3
10.2
10.6
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
..........
7.7
7.1
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.0
6.1
Scholarships
and
fellowships
.....................
6.6
7.5
8.7
9.2
10.1
10.6
11.0
11.3
11.4
From
unrestricted
funds
..........................
3.3
4.6
5.6
6.0
6.4
6.9
7.4
7.7
8.1
From
restricted
funds
1
............................
3.3
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.3
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.4
Auxiliary
enterprises
........................................
12.1
10.8
10.1
9.8
9.3
9.1
9.0
8.8
8.9
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
Hospitals
..........................................................
9.4
9.7
9.3
9.4
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.3
8.5
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
Independent
operations
(
FFRDC)
2
.................
5.5
6.0
6.1
5.9
5.8
5.6
5.0
4.9
4.6
Mandatory
transfers
....................................
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)
(
3)

1
Excludes
Pell
Grants.
2
Generally
includes
only
those
expenditures
associated
with
major
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).
3
Less
than
0.05
percent.

NOTE:
Data
for
1980
 
81
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)

Table
348.
 
Voluntary
support
for
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
source
and
purpose
of
support:
1959
 
60
to
1998
 
99
[
In
millions]

Source
and
purpose
of
support
1959
 
60
1965
 
66
1970
 
71
1975
 
76
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Total
voluntary
support
1
$
815
$
1,440
$
1,860
$
2,410
$
4,230
$
7,400
$
10,200
$
10,700
$
11,200
$
12,350
$
12,750
$
14,250
$
16,000
$
18,400
$
20,400
Sources
Alumni
..........................
191
310
458
588
1,049
1,825
2,680
2,840
2,980
3,410
3,600
4,040
4,650
5,500
5,930
Nonalumni
individuals
..
194
350
495
569
1,007
1,781
2,310
2,500
2,530
2,800
2,940
3,400
3,850
4,500
4,810
Corporations
.................
130
230
259
379
778
1,702
2,230
2,260
2,400
2,510
2,560
2,800
3,050
3,250
3,610
Foundations
..................
163
357
418
549
922
1,363
2,030
2,090
2,200
2,540
2,460
2,815
3,200
3,800
4,530
Religious
organizations
80
108
104
130
140
211
240
240
250
240
250
255
250
300
330
Other
............................
57
85
126
195
334
518
710
770
840
850
940
940
1,000
1,050
1,190
Purpose
Current
operations
.......
385
675
1,050
1,480
2,590
4,022
5,830
6,100
6,300
6,710
7,230
7,850
8,500
9,000
9,900
Capital
purposes
..........
430
765
810
930
1,640
3,378
4,370
4,600
4,900
5,640
5,520
6,400
7,500
9,400
10,500
Voluntary
support
as
a
percent
of
total
expenditures
2
...............
11.4
9.2
6.8
5.5
6.0
6.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.5
6.3
6.7
7.2
7.8
8.4
1
Data
are
based
on
sample
surveys
of
institutions
of
higher
education.

2
Total
expenditures
include
current­
fund
expenditures
and
additions
to
plant
value.
SOURCE:
Council
for
Aid
to
Education,
Research
Report,
``
Contributions
to
Colleges
Drop
for
First
Time
Since
1975;''
and
``
Voluntary
Support
of
Education,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
393
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
349.
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
public
universities,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
Year
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Total
Instruction
Administration
1
Student
services
Research
Libraries
Public
service
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Mandatory
transfers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Expenditures,
in
thousands
of
current
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
9,413,626
$
3,670,554
$
1,222,410
$
346,906
$
1,727,807
$
331,614
$
763,809
$
857,677
$
377,749
$
115,099
1977
 
78
....
10,220,191
4,009,870
1,344,538
388,262
1,896,578
343,198
803,309
938,952
389,682
105,803
1978
 
79
....
11,284,191
4,408,025
1,478,568
419,231
2,136,135
363,875
920,726
1,046,740
396,356
114,533
1979
 
80
....
12,540,072
4,860,411
1,572,523
473,460
2,444,471
463,642
1,012,376
1,148,942
439,461
124,786
1980
 
81
....
13,951,029
5,374,271
1,795,504
525,891
2,743,145
451,978
1,158,512
1,270,339
492,225
139,164
1981
 
82
....
15,077,263
5,852,958
1,974,219
566,366
2,903,178
488,939
1,223,417
1,412,557
525,498
130,131
1982
 
83
....
16,089,168
6,247,358
2,107,933
604,657
3,086,846
528,470
1,300,353
1,512,947
562,903
137,702
1983
 
84
....
17,234,711
6,646,501
2,263,565
643,614
3,295,053
577,136
1,385,191
1,627,702
624,642
171,306
1984
 
85
....
18,960,810
7,257,618
2,598,784
701,451
3,682,755
609,365
1,519,324
1,745,825
677,533
168,155
1985
 
86
....
20,716,657
7,807,522
2,882,006
762,324
4,076,258
669,253
1,664,917
1,831,618
780,080
242,679
1986
 
87
....
22,023,387
8,368,187
3,088,348
819,829
4,399,405
677,531
1,725,613
1,829,880
847,328
267,266
1987
 
88
....
23,848,427
8,902,624
3,311,806
889,528
4,911,929
762,858
1,857,008
1,934,489
949,438
328,746
1988
 
89
....
26,138,665
9,623,797
3,638,424
975,801
5,476,936
813,888
2,096,267
2,069,744
1,096,447
347,362
1989
 
90
....
28,338,312
10,364,088
3,927,198
1,047,364
6,030,489
871,279
2,273,699
2,222,046
1,211,690
390,458
1990
 
91
....
30,367,325
11,012,373
4,157,677
1,103,058
6,599,209
906,506
2,479,956
2,305,115
1,367,754
435,676
1991
 
92
....
31,565,791
11,373,749
4,198,990
1,161,633
6,937,360
946,098
2,609,520
2,323,220
1,556,868
458,354
1992
 
93
....
32,836,061
11,708,500
4,317,605
1,211,143
7,330,922
959,306
2,714,785
2,365,942
1,734,530
493,328
1993
 
94
....
34,318,548
12,115,695
4,578,770
1,273,008
7,676,832
1,006,301
2,784,869
2,459,895
1,909,173
514,006
1994
 
95
....
36,255,063
12,837,030
4,814,366
1,348,617
8,082,388
1,096,566
2,943,284
2,526,104
2,057,116
549,593
1995
 
96
....
37,693,678
13,289,323
5,146,842
1,419,733
8,211,609
1,134,159
3,082,968
2,596,786
2,235,290
576,968
1996
 
97
2
..
39,368,161
13,813,628
5,404,019
1,480,850
8,526,355
1,186,456
3,246,335
2,691,399
2,411,021
608,098
Percentage
distribution
1976
 
77
....
100.0
39.0
13.0
3.7
18.4
3.5
8.1
9.1
4.0
1.2
1980
 
81
....
100.0
38.5
12.9
3.8
19.7
3.2
8.3
9.1
3.5
1.0
1981
 
82
....
100.0
38.8
13.1
3.8
19.3
3.2
8.1
9.4
3.5
0.9
1982
 
83
....
100.0
38.8
13.1
3.8
19.2
3.3
8.1
9.4
3.5
0.9
1983
 
84
....
100.0
38.6
13.1
3.7
19.1
3.3
8.0
9.4
3.6
1.0
1984
 
85
....
100.0
38.3
13.7
3.7
19.4
3.2
8.0
9.2
3.6
0.9
1985
 
86
....
100.0
37.7
13.9
3.7
19.7
3.2
8.0
8.8
3.8
1.2
1986
 
87
....
100.0
38.0
14.0
3.7
20.0
3.1
7.8
8.3
3.8
1.2
1987
 
88
....
100.0
37.3
13.9
3.7
20.6
3.2
7.8
8.1
4.0
1.4
1988
 
89
....
100.0
36.8
13.9
3.7
21.0
3.1
8.0
7.9
4.2
1.3
1989
 
90
....
100.0
36.6
13.9
3.7
21.3
3.1
8.0
7.8
4.3
1.4
1990
 
91
....
100.0
36.3
13.7
3.6
21.7
3.0
8.2
7.6
4.5
1.4
1991
 
92
....
100.0
36.0
13.3
3.7
22.0
3.0
8.3
7.4
4.9
1.5
1992
 
93
....
100.0
35.7
13.1
3.7
22.3
2.9
8.3
7.2
5.3
1.5
1993
 
94
....
100.0
35.3
13.3
3.7
22.4
2.9
8.1
7.2
5.6
1.5
1994
 
95
....
100.0
35.4
13.3
3.7
22.3
3.0
8.1
7.0
5.7
1.5
1995
 
96
....
100.0
35.3
13.7
3.8
21.8
3.0
8.2
6.9
5.9
1.5
1996
 
97
2
..
100.0
35.1
13.7
3.8
21.7
3.0
8.2
6.8
6.1
1.5
Expenditure
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
in
constant
1996
 
97
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
15,574
$
6,073
$
2,022
$
574
$
2,859
$
549
$
1,264
$
1,419
$
625
$
190
1980
 
81
....
15,861
6,110
2,041
598
3,119
514
1,317
1,444
560
158
1981
 
82
....
15,636
6,070
2,047
587
3,011
507
1,269
1,465
545
135
1982
 
83
....
15,602
6,058
2,044
586
2,993
512
1,261
1,467
546
134
1983
 
84
....
15,980
6,163
2,099
597
3,055
535
1,284
1,509
579
159
1984
 
85
....
16,732
6,405
2,293
619
3,250
538
1,341
1,541
598
148
1985
 
86
....
17,383
6,551
2,418
640
3,420
562
1,397
1,537
655
204
1986
 
87
....
17,687
6,721
2,480
658
3,533
544
1,386
1,470
680
215
1987
 
88
....
18,168
6,782
2,523
678
3,742
581
1,415
1,474
723
250
1988
 
89
....
18,511
6,815
2,577
691
3,879
576
1,485
1,466
776
246
1989
 
90
....
18,634
6,815
2,582
689
3,965
573
1,495
1,461
797
257
1990
 
91
....
18,795
6,816
2,573
683
4,084
561
1,535
1,427
847
270
1991
 
92
....
18,688
6,734
2,486
688
4,107
560
1,545
1,375
922
271
1992
 
93
....
19,145
6,827
2,517
706
4,274
559
1,583
1,379
1,011
288
1993
 
94
....
19,537
6,897
2,607
725
4,370
573
1,585
1,400
1,087
293
1994
 
95
....
20,110
7,120
2,670
748
4,483
608
1,633
1,401
1,141
305
1995
 
96
....
20,303
7,158
2,772
765
4,423
611
1,661
1,399
1,204
311
1996
 
97
2
..
20,603
7,229
2,828
775
4,462
621
1,699
1,409
1,262
318
1
Includes
institutional
and
academic
support
less
libraries.

2
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Data
in
this
table
may
differ
slightly
from
data
appearing
in
other
tables.
Data
for
1976
 
77
through
1985
 
86
include
only
institutions
which
provided
both
enrollment
and
finance
data.
The
Higher
Education
Price
Index
was
used
to
convert
the
per
student
figures
to
constant
dollars.
Data
for
1976
 
77
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys;
and
Research
Associates
of
Washington,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
394
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
350.
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
4­
year
colleges,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
Year
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Total
Instruction
Administration
1
Student
services
Research
Libraries
Public
service
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Mandatory
transfers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Expenditures,
in
thousands
of
current
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
8,682,538
$
4,027,051
$
1,445,651
$
500,832
$
607,235
$
340,002
$
250,152
$
1,001,848
$
338,432
$
171,335
1977
 
78
....
9,568,977
4,423,487
1,598,092
572,193
677,414
369,408
274,314
1,118,393
332,899
202,777
1978
 
79
....
10,455,134
4,770,598
1,789,534
651,541
786,072
395,299
301,387
1,214,996
337,588
208,119
1979
 
80
....
11,750,398
5,271,621
2,029,327
733,557
937,874
448,190
359,467
1,375,308
383,036
212,019
1980
 
81
....
13,139,618
5,890,759
2,258,987
807,249
1,043,614
511,817
407,816
1,563,514
412,972
242,890
1981
 
82
....
14,321,586
6,537,888
2,518,182
834,225
1,086,146
536,080
440,736
1,738,210
403,069
227,050
1982
 
83
....
15,286,145
6,980,269
2,660,360
904,745
1,150,011
559,353
469,841
1,857,151
450,067
254,349
1983
 
84
....
16,538,128
7,464,035
3,013,666
1,041,488
1,246,289
622,879
513,732
1,873,628
473,503
288,908
1984
 
85
....
18,333,578
8,211,171
3,370,676
1,140,312
1,420,844
669,518
603,018
2,137,225
489,188
291,626
1985
 
86
....
19,860,947
8,945,373
3,658,627
1,235,418
1,618,737
712,112
648,178
2,118,522
569,841
354,139
1986
 
87
....
21,490,078
9,608,239
4,019,850
1,318,666
1,846,712
695,692
766,865
2,226,599
660,940
346,515
1987
 
88
....
23,124,455
10,310,532
4,261,440
1,434,726
2,053,638
774,274
864,347
2,340,495
711,704
373,299
1988
 
89
....
24,639,653
10,991,086
4,496,286
1,504,869
2,305,152
813,801
941,434
2,429,103
754,412
403,508
1989
 
90
....
27,210,634
12,079,093
5,076,792
1,648,526
2,525,080
888,526
1,088,113
2,607,385
871,944
425,175
1990
 
91
....
28,903,790
12,818,677
5,374,417
1,800,723
2,745,613
888,162
1,145,892
2,728,949
963,436
437,921
1991
 
92
....
30,720,827
13,270,992
5,805,724
1,868,329
2,986,474
945,097
1,310,700
2,782,200
1,248,220
503,091
1992
 
93
....
33,119,294
13,906,211
6,416,859
2,164,309
3,246,542
979,635
1,447,684
2,960,373
1,457,901
539,779
1993
 
94
....
34,477,869
14,519,321
6,477,847
2,135,560
3,473,971
1,018,304
1,525,406
3,084,509
1,685,785
557,166
1994
 
95
....
36,659,833
15,321,392
6,909,606
2,236,127
3,717,964
1,084,945
1,647,855
3,175,330
1,884,283
682,332
1995
 
96
....
38,115,758
15,600,219
7,502,742
2,217,691
3,841,169
1,105,930
1,761,690
3,328,604
2,068,459
689,256
1996
 
97
2
..
40,930,525
16,546,172
7,929,270
2,519,558
4,216,267
1,191,965
1,974,123
3,458,897
2,325,829
768,444
Percentage
distribution
1976
 
77
....
100.0
46.4
16.7
5.8
7.0
3.9
2.9
11.5
3.9
2.0
1980
 
81
....
100.0
44.8
17.2
6.1
7.9
3.9
3.1
11.9
3.1
1.8
1981
 
82
....
100.0
45.7
17.6
5.8
7.6
3.7
3.1
12.1
2.8
1.6
1982
 
83
....
100.0
45.7
17.4
5.9
7.5
3.7
3.1
12.1
2.9
1.7
1983
 
84
....
100.0
45.1
18.2
6.3
7.5
3.8
3.1
11.3
2.9
1.7
1984
 
85
....
100.0
44.8
18.4
6.2
7.7
3.7
3.3
11.7
2.7
1.6
1985
 
86
....
100.0
45.0
18.4
6.2
8.2
3.6
3.3
10.7
2.9
1.8
1986
 
87
....
100.0
44.7
18.7
6.1
8.6
3.2
3.6
10.4
3.1
1.6
1987
 
88
....
100.0
44.6
18.4
6.2
8.9
3.3
3.7
10.1
3.1
1.6
1988
 
89
....
100.0
44.6
18.2
6.1
9.4
3.3
3.8
9.9
3.1
1.6
1989
 
90
....
100.0
44.4
18.7
6.1
9.3
3.3
4.0
9.6
3.2
1.6
1990
 
91
....
100.0
44.3
18.6
6.2
9.5
3.1
4.0
9.4
3.3
1.5
1991
 
92
....
100.0
43.2
18.9
6.1
9.7
3.1
4.3
9.1
4.1
1.6
1992
 
93
....
100.0
42.0
19.4
6.5
9.8
3.0
4.4
8.9
4.4
1.6
1993
 
94
....
100.0
42.1
18.8
6.2
10.1
3.0
4.4
8.9
4.9
1.6
1994
 
95
....
100.0
41.8
18.8
6.1
10.1
3.0
4.5
8.7
5.1
1.9
1995
 
96
....
100.0
40.9
19.7
5.8
10.1
2.9
4.6
8.7
5.4
1.8
1996
 
97
2
..
100.0
40.4
19.4
6.2
10.3
2.9
4.8
8.5
5.7
1.9
Expenditure
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
in
constant
1996
 
97
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
11,357
$
5,267
$
1,891
$
655
$
794
$
445
$
327
$
1,310
$
443
$
224
1980
 
81
....
11,833
5,305
2,034
727
940
461
367
1,408
372
219
1981
 
82
....
11,774
5,375
2,070
686
893
441
362
1,429
331
187
1982
 
83
....
11,489
5,246
2,000
680
864
420
353
1,396
338
191
1983
 
84
....
11,609
5,239
2,115
731
875
437
361
1,315
332
203
1984
 
85
....
12,256
5,489
2,253
762
950
448
403
1,429
327
195
1985
 
86
....
12,658
5,701
2,332
787
1,032
454
413
1,350
363
226
1986
 
87
....
12,653
5,657
2,367
776
1,087
410
452
1,311
389
204
1987
 
88
....
12,910
5,756
2,379
801
1,147
432
483
1,307
397
208
1988
 
89
....
12,712
5,671
2,320
776
1,189
420
486
1,253
389
208
1989
 
90
....
12,827
5,694
2,393
777
1,190
419
513
1,229
411
200
1990
 
91
....
12,472
5,531
2,319
777
1,185
383
494
1,178
416
189
1991
 
92
....
12,629
5,455
2,387
768
1,228
389
539
1,144
513
207
1992
 
93
....
13,094
5,498
2,537
856
1,284
387
572
1,170
576
213
1993
 
94
....
13,255
5,582
2,490
821
1,336
391
586
1,186
648
214
1994
 
95
....
13,716
5,732
2,585
837
1,391
406
617
1,188
705
255
1995
 
96
....
13,813
5,653
2,719
804
1,392
401
638
1,206
750
250
1996
 
97
2
..
14,329
5,793
2,776
882
1,476
417
691
1,211
814
269
1
Includes
institutional
and
academic
support
less
libraries.

2
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
This
table
excludes
universities.
See
preceding
table.
Data
in
this
table
may
differ
slightly
from
data
appearing
in
other
tables.
Data
for
1976
 
77
through
1985
 
86
include
only
institutions
which
provided
both
enrollment
and
finance
data.
Data
for
1976
 
77
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
Higher
Education
Price
Index
was
used
to
convert
the
per
student
figures
to
constant
dollars.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys;
and
Research
Associates
of
Washington,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
395
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
351.
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
degree­
granting
public
2­
year
colleges,
by
purpose:
1976
 
77
to
1996
 
97
Year
Educational
and
general
expenditures
Total
Instruction
Administration
1
Student
services
Research
Libraries
Public
service
Operation
and
maintenance
of
plant
Scholarships
and
fellowships
Mandatory
transfers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Expenditures,
in
thousands
of
current
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
4,875,998
$
2,490,274
$
882,813
$
409,217
$
15,698
$
171,409
$
97,635
$
547,515
$
142,827
$
118,610
1977
 
78
....
5,336,153
2,700,489
1,035,206
437,060
9,333
188,201
112,944
605,464
117,996
129,458
1978
 
79
....
5,734,611
2,877,651
1,119,840
482,323
21,289
193,703
110,918
650,447
127,633
150,807
1979
 
80
....
6,334,777
3,185,815
1,204,082
547,457
26,288
202,583
141,000
743,014
147,865
136,672
1980
 
81
....
7,063,474
3,575,743
1,347,020
615,869
26,591
222,391
152,597
844,781
159,474
119,008
1981
 
82
....
7,757,435
3,947,065
1,473,733
684,650
15,632
262,697
147,385
952,691
160,109
113,473
1982
 
83
....
8,292,446
4,218,388
1,620,644
741,179
18,090
248,682
123,722
1,016,267
175,069
130,403
1983
 
84
....
8,820,575
4,481,854
1,748,535
775,084
18,189
263,485
150,109
1,076,371
178,500
128,448
1984
 
85
....
9,560,507
4,806,050
1,929,968
841,101
15,591
278,363
193,903
1,156,074
207,975
131,482
1985
 
86
....
10,252,955
5,116,884
2,122,060
920,299
10,136
295,691
202,440
1,220,646
225,979
138,820
1986
 
87
....
10,845,969
5,382,631
2,363,275
1,020,496
12,508
246,131
235,115
1,252,152
243,402
90,258
1987
 
88
....
11,666,586
5,741,049
2,479,661
1,157,858
11,358
316,278
264,809
1,326,748
280,247
88,578
1988
 
89
....
12,666,590
6,278,809
2,727,058
1,197,748
14,864
328,809
314,250
1,414,420
299,491
91,142
1989
 
90
....
13,875,566
6,909,109
2,977,932
1,344,339
19,213
353,165
336,927
1,526,086
314,906
93,889
1990
 
91
....
15,124,313
7,540,344
3,265,233
1,494,583
19,390
372,492
364,384
1,621,542
357,343
89,001
1991
 
92
....
16,267,915
8,183,678
3,408,080
1,660,958
24,747
393,325
365,281
1,684,796
450,572
96,477
1992
 
93
....
17,255,624
8,645,466
3,598,745
1,797,787
27,510
390,684
400,927
1,750,489
535,406
108,610
1993
 
94
....
18,342,808
9,053,480
3,858,066
1,906,802
29,560
424,504
431,444
1,888,780
627,964
122,207
1994
 
95
....
19,258,872
9,440,773
4,053,662
2,029,268
29,313
433,098
443,306
1,967,485
720,624
141,342
1995
 
96
....
20,161,543
9,701,637
4,349,565
2,163,469
23,676
445,660
472,767
2,070,286
781,770
152,713
1996
 
97
2
..
21,255,498
10,107,248
4,736,880
2,242,782
24,730
463,247
516,935
2,150,215
836,359
177,102
Percentage
distribution
1976
 
77
....
100.0
51.1
18.1
8.4
0.3
3.5
2.0
11.2
2.9
2.4
1980
 
81
....
100.0
50.6
19.1
8.7
0.4
3.1
2.2
12.0
2.3
1.7
1981
 
82
....
100.0
50.9
19.0
8.8
0.2
3.4
1.9
12.3
2.1
1.5
1982
 
83
....
100.0
50.9
19.5
8.9
0.2
3.0
1.5
12.3
2.1
1.6
1983
 
84
....
100.0
50.8
19.8
8.8
0.2
3.0
1.7
12.2
2.0
1.5
1984
 
85
....
100.0
50.3
20.2
8.8
0.2
2.9
2.0
12.1
2.2
1.4
1985
 
86
....
100.0
49.9
20.7
9.0
0.1
2.9
2.0
11.9
2.2
1.4
1986
 
87
....
100.0
49.6
21.8
9.4
0.1
2.3
2.2
11.5
2.2
0.8
1987
 
88
....
100.0
49.2
21.3
9.9
0.1
2.7
2.3
11.4
2.4
0.8
1988
 
89
....
100.0
49.6
21.5
9.5
0.1
2.6
2.5
11.2
2.4
0.7
1989
 
90
....
100.0
49.8
21.5
9.7
0.1
2.5
2.4
11.0
2.3
0.7
1990
 
91
....
100.0
49.9
21.6
9.9
0.1
2.5
2.4
10.7
2.4
0.6
1991
 
92
....
100.0
50.3
20.9
10.2
0.2
2.4
2.2
10.4
2.8
0.6
1992
 
93
....
100.0
50.1
20.9
10.4
0.2
2.3
2.3
10.1
3.1
0.6
1993
 
94
....
100.0
49.4
21.0
10.4
0.2
2.3
2.4
10.3
3.4
0.7
1994
 
95
....
100.0
49.0
21.0
10.5
0.2
2.2
2.3
10.2
3.7
0.7
1995
 
96
....
100.0
48.1
21.6
10.7
0.1
2.2
2.3
10.3
3.9
0.8
1996
 
97
2
..
100.0
47.6
22.3
10.6
0.1
2.2
2.4
10.1
3.9
0.8
Expenditure
per
full­
time­
equivalent
student
in
constant
1996
 
97
dollars
1976
 
77
....
$
6,257
$
3,126
$
1,108
$
514
$
20
$
215
$
123
$
687
$
179
$
149
1980
 
81
....
5,996
3,035
1,143
523
23
189
130
717
135
101
1981
 
82
....
5,990
3,048
1,138
529
12
203
114
736
124
88
1982
 
83
....
5,667
2,883
1,107
506
12
170
85
694
120
89
1983
 
84
....
5,747
2,920
1,139
505
12
172
98
701
116
84
1984
 
85
....
6,298
3,166
1,271
554
10
183
128
762
137
87
1985
 
86
....
6,484
3,236
1,342
582
6
187
128
772
143
88
1986
 
87
....
6,589
3,270
1,436
620
8
150
143
761
148
55
1987
 
88
....
6,502
3,199
1,382
645
6
176
148
739
156
49
1988
 
89
....
6,574
3,259
1,415
622
8
171
163
734
155
47
1989
 
90
....
6,396
3,185
1,373
620
9
163
155
703
145
43
1990
 
91
....
6,468
3,225
1,396
639
8
159
156
693
153
38
1991
 
92
....
6,171
3,104
1,293
630
9
149
139
639
171
37
1992
 
93
....
6,264
3,138
1,306
653
10
142
146
635
194
39
1993
 
94
....
6,585
3,250
1,385
685
11
152
155
678
225
44
1994
 
95
....
6,734
3,301
1,417
710
10
151
155
688
252
49
1995
 
96
....
6,939
3,339
1,497
745
8
153
163
712
269
53
1996
 
97
2
..
7,020
3,338
1,564
741
8
153
171
710
276
58
1
Includes
institutional
and
academic
support
less
libraries.

2
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Data
in
this
table
may
differ
slightly
from
data
appearing
in
other
tables.
Data
for
1976
 
77
through
1985
 
86
include
only
institutions
which
provided
both
enrollment
and
finance
data.
The
Higher
Education
Price
Index
was
used
to
convert
the
per
student
figures
to
constant
dollars.
Data
for
1976
 
77
to
1995
 
96
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys;
and
Research
Associates
of
Washington,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
396
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
352.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
3
Percent
change,
1995
 
96
to
1996
 
97
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
.........
$
42,279,806
$
63,193,853
$
92,961,093
$
98,847,180
$
104,570,101
$
109,309,541
$
115,464,975
$
119,400,868
$
119,524,500
$
125,978,073
5.4
Alabama
......................
839,366
1,324,774
2,054,798
2,189,029
2,428,620
2,510,081
2,648,077
2,715,643
2,715,643
2,840,790
4.6
Alaska
.........................
158,700
224,042
289,606
306,218
322,620
336,405
336,584
352,811
352,811
344,723
 
2.3
Arizona
........................
691,481
1,017,203
1,586,891
1,620,019
1,621,716
1,754,682
1,854,180
1,963,390
1,976,169
2,070,566
4.8
Arkansas
.....................
340,621
528,831
797,291
878,783
976,735
1,002,908
1,070,668
1,153,714
1,181,083
1,247,987
5.7
California
.....................
5,775,482
8,515,440
12,023,304
12,910,152
13,537,367
13,244,130
13,899,338
14,274,642
14,284,348
15,707,254
10.0
Colorado
......................
738,363
1,057,558
1,452,137
1,546,642
1,670,921
1,760,679
1,862,438
1,974,306
1,974,306
2,079,177
5.3
Connecticut
.................
367,850
562,696
886,846
957,627
981,286
1,026,593
1,134,014
1,169,349
1,168,038
1,206,127
3.3
Delaware
.....................
158,332
229,377
367,012
396,947
416,699
442,488
469,085
491,597
491,597
510,290
3.8
District
of
Columbia
.....
71,791
80,764
97,556
99,535
98,826
97,072
99,351
98,632
103,072
107,433
4.2
Florida
.........................
1,170,305
1,782,180
2,896,046
2,988,794
3,179,353
3,408,957
3,549,470
3,727,585
3,714,984
3,968,197
6.8
Georgia
.......................
754,060
1,255,964
1,929,993
2,015,816
2,227,608
2,453,100
2,728,682
2,953,792
2,835,505
3,057,542
7.8
Hawaii
.........................
222,718
312,248
498,307
575,337
602,346
613,356
653,303
634,970
634,970
638,096
0.5
Idaho
...........................
166,844
238,438
353,561
391,441
409,167
445,463
473,733
503,014
510,601
530,013
3.8
Illinois
..........................
1,780,403
2,571,409
3,528,967
3,644,740
3,877,243
4,053,858
4,293,437
4,498,142
4,498,142
4,713,363
4.8
Indiana
........................
1,064,395
1,602,203
2,391,173
2,643,997
2,671,055
2,858,990
2,967,184
2,783,027
2,783,027
3,021,556
8.6
Iowa
.............................
767,590
1,092,542
1,734,476
1,776,217
1,899,159
1,981,068
2,051,631
2,163,536
2,163,536
2,233,470
3.2
Kansas
........................
579,857
848,602
1,190,573
1,262,215
1,329,587
1,429,200
1,495,926
1,536,701
1,547,154
1,595,757
3.1
Kentucky
.....................
673,775
898,718
1,400,529
1,514,985
1,516,017
1,577,584
1,663,738
1,779,945
1,779,945
1,994,760
12.1
Louisiana
.....................
716,702
1,039,177
1,439,415
1,541,126
1,800,188
1,835,151
1,909,675
1,911,633
1,970,177
2,059,975
4.6
Maine
..........................
153,658
216,737
355,074
362,905
375,090
387,991
391,269
404,171
407,819
431,850
5.9
Maryland
.....................
795,100
1,064,430
1,684,341
1,674,918
1,829,812
1,940,403
1,997,636
2,136,898
2,136,898
2,352,742
10.1
Massachusetts
............
553,019
980,585
1,435,063
1,474,589
1,605,121
1,496,856
1,557,225
1,641,256
1,647,254
1,739,959
5.6
Michigan
......................
2,053,795
2,946,336
4,416,914
4,741,682
4,925,759
5,095,422
5,395,757
5,653,791
5,653,791
5,986,556
5.9
Minnesota
....................
876,632
1,324,691
2,012,225
2,219,016
2,286,336
2,459,437
2,624,464
2,689,857
2,694,395
2,638,379
 
2.1
Mississippi
...................
539,222
706,380
978,366
1,012,544
1,102,806
1,200,196
1,358,795
1,429,107
1,440,692
1,490,260
3.4
Missouri
.......................
687,643
999,869
1,453,608
1,501,166
1,582,746
1,694,484
1,836,878
1,988,392
1,994,150
2,117,072
6.2
Montana
......................
121,894
182,102
254,175
320,876
337,189
350,943
376,618
402,792
402,792
445,611
10.6
Nebraska
.....................
378,928
537,858
848,778
916,814
968,407
1,004,263
1,076,670
1,143,547
1,143,547
1,218,519
6.6
Nevada
........................
111,347
180,107
330,592
363,306
377,786
415,785
447,901
505,518
505,518
547,065
8.2
New
Hampshire
...........
134,391
183,959
281,542
307,217
335,575
360,833
371,554
390,816
390,816
418,136
7.0
New
Jersey
.................
903,169
1,406,490
2,309,968
2,489,088
2,630,533
2,809,931
2,982,535
3,064,901
3,064,901
3,147,805
2.7
New
Mexico
................
325,960
456,600
896,299
1,010,859
1,069,497
1,142,903
1,278,741
1,315,168
1,329,422
1,420,132
6.8
New
York
....................
2,519,104
3,802,602
5,605,621
5,681,964
6,096,863
6,481,594
6,922,118
6,728,593
6,728,593
6,872,196
2.1
North
Carolina
.............
1,128,383
1,799,173
2,581,156
2,770,977
3,002,915
3,192,215
3,406,215
3,538,606
3,538,606
3,791,459
7.1
North
Dakota
...............
192,046
288,214
367,959
408,219
419,268
432,190
456,730
440,332
440,332
450,127
2.2
Ohio
.............................
1,784,754
2,718,408
4,084,840
4,359,943
4,389,408
4,640,316
4,907,686
4,812,773
4,818,930
4,880,235
1.3
Oklahoma
....................
583,174
844,829
1,057,248
1,158,696
1,177,061
1,214,084
1,263,002
1,329,938
1,329,938
1,457,550
9.6
Oregon
........................
642,411
880,696
1,329,794
1,484,621
1,560,699
1,623,771
1,756,424
1,815,638
1,815,638
1,988,824
9.5
Pennsylvania
...............
1,544,586
2,392,145
3,602,685
3,904,332
4,004,062
4,240,094
4,506,833
4,781,347
4,781,347
4,940,983
3.3
Rhode
Island
...............
158,365
213,253
292,199
303,606
330,038
331,359
344,457
353,270
353,270
368,598
4.3
South
Carolina
............
617,963
951,848
1,475,074
1,595,552
1,702,419
1,766,671
1,817,631
1,903,952
1,903,952
2,020,736
6.1
South
Dakota
..............
124,103
149,092
197,853
217,756
240,061
259,120
252,443
262,682
290,868
294,181
1.1
Tennessee
..................
665,885
1,081,052
1,585,614
1,621,202
1,776,066
1,911,953
2,042,171
2,061,946
2,062,547
2,127,506
3.1
Texas
..........................
2,736,276
4,375,082
5,959,584
6,370,847
6,982,016
7,414,174
7,817,433
8,296,878
8,300,915
8,758,306
5.5
Utah
.............................
405,314
669,714
993,625
1,116,845
1,174,239
1,260,797
1,354,017
1,442,592
1,442,592
1,536,120
6.5
Vermont
.......................
122,708
188,112
274,746
294,045
298,626
306,100
316,455
329,457
329,457
347,605
5.5
Virginia
........................
1,143,755
1,825,156
2,812,109
2,939,683
3,072,851
3,301,020
3,414,167
3,515,201
3,515,201
3,804,552
8.2
Washington
.................
993,171
1,399,780
2,157,074
2,278,549
2,486,455
2,639,504
2,807,168
2,909,056
2,945,074
3,126,566
6.2
West
Virginia
...............
317,482
376,293
548,802
582,453
609,447
650,642
674,664
717,095
718,596
742,631
3.3
Wisconsin
....................
1,208,396
1,754,395
2,469,260
2,596,853
2,726,350
2,872,001
2,941,034
3,022,205
3,024,877
2,827,128
 
6.5
Wyoming
.....................
126,082
203,307
240,216
265,048
260,592
271,396
294,334
291,864
291,864
296,393
1.6
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..
592,454
912,393
1,150,209
1,241,392
1,267,497
1,309,330
1,313,438
1,394,800
1,394,800
1,465,216
5.0
Outlying
areas
........
268,310
451,370
516,958
574,988
654,292
662,130
727,524
813,290
809,779
862,770
6.5
American
Samoa
........
1,609
1,092
3,187
3,228
3,356
3,416
3,483
15,486
15,486
6,462
 
58.3
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..............
 
 
3,777
3,765
3,294
3,520
5,056
8,442
8,442
7,398
 
12.4
Guam
..........................
16,100
31,310
57,645
67,220
71,917
66,913
81,148
68,230
68,230
69,168
1.4
Marshall
Islands
..........
 
 
 
3,588
1,298
1,527
1,237
1,282
1,282
1,352
 
Northern
Marianas
......
 
1,350
2,798
3,194
2,505
3,214
12,366
15,029
15,029
16,393
9.1
Palau
...........................
 
 
3,837
3,687
4,485
3,476
3,667
5,942
5,942
3,940
 
33.7
Puerto
Rico
.................
237,319
394,046
385,511
434,032
536,917
546,575
586,910
663,128
659,617
722,909
9.6
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
...............
1,447
5,992
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
..............
11,835
17,580
60,202
56,274
30,520
33,489
33,656
35,750
35,750
35,149
 
1.7
 
Not
available.

1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

3
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
397
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
353.
 
Educational
and
general
expenditures
of
public
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
state:
1980
 
81
to
1996
 
97
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

State
or
other
area
Institutions
of
higher
education
1
Degree­
granting
institutions
2
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1991
 
92
1992
 
93
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
3
Percent
change,
1995
 
96
to
1996
 
97
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
.........
$
34,173,013
$
50,872,962
$
74,395,428
$
78,554,534
$
83,210,979
$
87,139,226
$
92,173,768
$
95,970,979
$
96,085,623
$
101,554,184
5.7
Alabama
......................
611,409
979,770
1,415,440
1,456,605
1,580,484
1,710,955
1,834,533
1,880,788
1,880,788
1,925,876
2.4
Alaska
.........................
150,421
210,894
273,577
288,999
304,137
316,779
316,397
331,723
331,723
323,377
 
2.5
Arizona
........................
554,120
862,816
1,364,060
1,407,819
1,409,122
1,523,655
1,653,840
1,747,648
1,759,850
1,844,584
4.8
Arkansas
.....................
266,522
415,800
633,194
604,885
676,378
707,166
746,129
817,974
843,906
891,912
5.7
California
.....................
4,847,879
7,049,635
9,615,356
10,341,888
11,000,665
10,734,842
11,280,758
11,709,716
11,719,821
12,828,295
9.5
Colorado
......................
561,552
809,621
1,258,356
1,363,615
1,452,957
1,529,290
1,604,656
1,705,832
1,705,832
1,788,917
4.9
Connecticut
.................
281,581
439,397
673,182
736,202
731,570
771,954
883,759
912,566
911,255
941,151
3.3
Delaware
.....................
135,164
202,331
325,838
349,369
366,801
387,810
413,692
429,293
429,293
455,194
6.0
District
of
Columbia
.....
71,245
79,922
96,411
98,973
97,586
95,824
98,041
97,399
101,839
106,118
4.2
Florida
.........................
1,071,754
1,638,227
2,657,553
2,710,041
2,904,932
3,101,072
3,234,938
3,402,373
3,390,561
3,638,284
7.3
Georgia
.......................
628,939
1,046,341
1,617,020
1,665,009
1,834,141
2,037,534
2,277,756
2,484,493
2,366,561
2,572,242
8.7
Hawaii
.........................
202,154
282,058
454,880
526,269
546,473
556,567
590,389
569,448
569,448
580,744
2.0
Idaho
...........................
141,296
202,736
303,224
334,762
346,932
375,289
395,733
420,747
428,068
445,369
4.0
Illinois
..........................
1,487,123
2,152,955
2,979,768
3,068,891
3,245,802
3,397,183
3,583,012
3,794,018
3,794,018
3,975,467
4.8
Indiana
........................
771,564
1,183,098
1,842,610
1,935,566
2,014,834
2,105,645
2,196,013
2,300,841
2,300,841
2,444,413
6.2
Iowa
.............................
512,205
736,894
1,172,328
1,184,382
1,267,646
1,354,777
1,392,753
1,459,013
1,459,013
1,518,118
4.1
Kansas
........................
461,979
660,995
928,772
994,560
1,059,683
1,134,392
1,196,211
1,234,345
1,244,531
1,289,656
3.6
Kentucky
.....................
527,235
737,101
1,112,190
1,208,448
1,212,211
1,254,859
1,321,523
1,419,040
1,419,040
1,551,033
9.3
Louisiana
.....................
557,825
810,479
1,135,955
1,215,771
1,275,446
1,339,408
1,449,305
1,513,214
1,570,429
1,654,488
5.4
Maine
..........................
127,983
183,349
308,699
316,116
324,515
338,776
343,665
356,682
360,331
380,156
5.5
Maryland
.....................
604,419
911,562
1,443,669
1,428,072
1,564,259
1,673,163
1,737,204
1,878,053
1,878,053
2,060,891
9.7
Massachusetts
............
441,068
779,341
1,122,629
1,165,598
1,295,720
1,339,199
1,400,824
1,470,591
1,476,589
1,562,825
5.8
Michigan
......................
1,610,016
2,278,217
3,325,625
3,556,178
3,727,115
3,885,984
4,042,460
4,306,553
4,306,553
4,508,448
4.7
Minnesota
....................
667,119
1,023,324
1,563,054
1,728,356
1,775,640
1,937,650
2,068,280
2,072,145
2,076,375
2,236,339
7.7
Mississippi
...................
409,942
542,022
756,492
772,618
842,603
919,354
1,049,356
1,099,535
1,111,120
1,136,217
2.3
Missouri
.......................
553,793
802,936
1,155,531
1,184,338
1,260,304
1,339,527
1,456,516
1,560,758
1,566,489
1,691,270
8.0
Montana
......................
99,990
148,099
210,813
262,480
279,323
303,495
322,880
350,086
350,086
388,693
11.0
Nebraska
.....................
286,122
397,523
600,224
639,475
672,427
706,454
727,977
753,703
753,703
788,822
4.7
Nevada
........................
105,177
163,714
301,487
332,246
353,875
379,154
402,097
459,599
459,599
488,685
6.3
New
Hampshire
...........
104,285
143,191
229,360
252,021
275,138
295,687
304,474
316,456
316,456
336,903
6.5
New
Jersey
.................
735,097
1,140,310
1,875,481
2,002,975
2,103,355
2,237,339
2,363,439
2,461,249
2,461,249
2,533,747
2.9
New
Mexico
................
278,960
393,151
671,206
724,157
769,646
806,673
899,545
939,532
953,396
1,028,650
7.9
New
York
....................
2,249,821
3,238,773
4,680,376
4,768,772
5,113,506
5,398,182
5,799,931
5,630,108
5,630,108
5,713,257
1.5
North
Carolina
.............
971,928
1,527,535
2,227,060
2,406,405
2,600,325
2,671,176
2,849,310
2,881,827
2,881,827
3,080,364
6.9
North
Dakota
...............
151,372
228,609
292,978
328,738
336,361
344,187
361,276
372,051
372,051
380,895
2.4
Ohio
.............................
1,327,483
2,019,351
3,046,603
3,214,612
3,185,955
3,362,837
3,616,901
3,769,392
3,774,974
3,873,433
2.6
Oklahoma
....................
404,178
594,561
830,929
906,908
930,102
953,027
996,963
1,037,701
1,037,701
1,138,927
9.8
Oregon
........................
497,593
672,175
996,887
1,086,673
1,142,781
1,194,805
1,281,381
1,351,507
1,351,507
1,490,766
10.3
Pennsylvania
...............
1,231,502
1,814,384
2,737,817
2,963,168
3,087,186
3,280,879
3,439,340
3,562,793
3,562,793
3,667,956
3.0
Rhode
Island
...............
138,965
185,215
251,992
260,123
284,957
285,742
297,597
306,825
306,825
318,710
3.9
South
Carolina
............
481,737
741,740
1,065,867
1,100,035
1,172,246
1,244,696
1,310,645
1,369,352
1,369,352
1,462,262
6.8
South
Dakota
..............
108,632
130,825
173,396
192,001
211,716
229,080
222,811
233,749
258,488
261,361
1.1
Tennessee
..................
515,578
865,946
1,231,619
1,228,340
1,352,125
1,478,085
1,581,929
1,626,688
1,627,212
1,671,688
2.7
Texas
..........................
2,278,337
3,674,109
5,105,246
5,439,843
5,961,535
6,352,088
6,643,734
7,023,005
7,026,170
7,394,605
5.2
Utah
.............................
320,278
503,557
730,496
826,170
856,933
921,052
991,014
1,073,017
1,073,017
1,146,939
6.9
Vermont
.......................
101,539
157,266
238,512
258,150
263,475
271,261
279,882
292,072
292,072
308,235
5.5
Virginia
........................
796,616
1,241,534
1,852,416
1,892,627
1,991,591
2,124,635
2,248,402
2,282,078
2,282,078
2,472,071
8.3
Washington
.................
837,281
1,143,285
1,757,053
1,837,095
2,007,044
2,074,451
2,211,588
2,273,160
2,308,241
2,460,414
6.6
West
Virginia
...............
228,755
310,142
459,984
494,733
522,173
560,380
579,349
621,234
622,712
644,447
3.5
Wisconsin
....................
998,862
1,438,918
2,057,786
2,158,188
2,266,312
2,394,285
2,437,859
2,510,572
2,513,244
2,585,549
2.9
Wyoming
.....................
111,170
171,335
204,028
225,238
222,188
231,190
254,469
251,339
251,339
253,867
1.0
U.
S.
Service
Schools
..
555,447
805,892
1,030,399
1,110,028
1,130,748
1,169,731
1,181,234
1,247,093
1,247,093
1,311,552
5.2
Outlying
areas
........
253,820
421,500
498,958
555,054
607,730
637,164
700,528
780,785
777,274
830,781
6.9
American
Samoa
........
1,609
1,092
3,187
3,228
3,356
3,416
3,483
14,909
14,909
6,237
 
58.2
Federated
States
of
Micronesia
..............
 
 
3,302
3,286
2,898
3,096
4,589
7,965
7,965
6,861
 
13.9
Guam
..........................
15,582
29,916
55,641
64,772
68,550
63,515
77,783
65,258
65,258
65,965
1.1
Marshall
Islands
..........
 
 
 
3,093
1,220
1,454
1,183
1,226
1,226
1,293
5.4
Northern
Marianas
......
 
1,328
2,472
2,803
2,230
2,838
12,305
14,989
14,989
16,393
9.4
Palau
...........................
 
 
3,277
3,172
3,808
2,847
3,156
3,332
3,332
3,377
1.3
Puerto
Rico
.................
224,988
367,523
378,352
427,021
497,590
529,255
567,140
641,083
637,571
699,734
9.7
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
...............
1,320
5,992
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
..............
10,322
15,649
52,726
47,679
28,078
30,743
30,889
32,024
32,024
30,922
 
3.4
 
Not
available.
1
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
2
Four­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
3
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
398
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
EXPENDITURES
Table
354.
 
Current­
fund
expenditures
and
educational
and
general
expenditures
of
private
not­
for­
profit
institutions
of
higher
education,
by
state:
1985
 
86
to
1995
 
96
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

State
Current­
fund
expenditures
Educational
and
general
expenditures
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1993
 
94
1994
 
95
1995
 
96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
.........................
$
33,796,683
$
52,079,906
$
62,702,212
$
66,122,565
$
69,102,394
$
24,738,587
$
38,769,871
$
47,600,834
$
50,662,377
$
53,540,243
Alabama
......................................
178,766
239,264
295,574
305,267
325,421
156,267
207,496
260,722
268,310
287,587
Alaska
.........................................
10,171
20,217
19,000
15,935
15,825
9,106
17,465
13,945
11,741
12,178
Arizona
........................................
29,714
55,142
68,051
73,978
79,145
25,426
48,149
62,256
67,250
72,212
Arkansas
.....................................
66,123
105,495
127,431
140,758
148,871
51,883
86,400
106,175
118,323
125,776
California
.....................................
3,603,948
5,471,945
6,244,725
6,664,795
7,045,087
2,239,751
3,435,708
4,195,856
4,458,381
4,701,163
Colorado
.....................................
149,800
228,407
272,360
281,927
306,164
132,057
201,333
243,812
254,409
276,668
Connecticut
.................................
833,406
1,289,575
1,522,821
1,604,088
1,698,631
729,820
1,139,410
1,358,776
1,436,899
1,520,554
Delaware
.....................................
29,569
23,875
31,836
32,995
34,192
26,501
21,598
29,040
30,471
31,751
District
of
Columbia
....................
1,302,567
1,944,605
2,359,300
2,502,088
2,542,361
798,756
1,167,674
1,348,642
1,431,299
1,478,935
Florida
.........................................
699,301
1,196,724
1,463,445
1,579,744
1,685,909
530,090
927,485
1,138,697
1,238,143
1,320,668
Georgia
.......................................
678,129
1,179,901
1,629,638
1,737,652
1,837,837
413,148
745,739
1,072,149
1,131,412
1,205,439
Hawaii
.........................................
32,553
42,881
95,803
100,046
112,487
25,323
36,528
76,909
80,510
94,552
Idaho
...........................................
49,768
73,335
92,807
95,706
101,336
37,736
58,068
80,720
83,963
88,645
Illinois
..........................................
2,697,651
3,898,129
4,717,431
5,039,207
4,886,489
1,464,293
2,297,177
2,879,622
3,126,846
3,357,508
Indiana
........................................
516,649
816,342
985,351
1,057,524
1,131,998
413,628
669,802
816,341
880,576
950,855
Iowa
............................................
348,541
526,077
672,105
699,340
724,931
287,079
438,537
569,117
594,104
615,311
Kansas
........................................
105,193
144,471
171,402
180,052
189,318
87,719
124,578
149,127
157,710
166,024
Kentucky
.....................................
164,491
251,560
303,998
322,466
343,696
129,775
205,496
251,021
266,885
287,055
Louisiana
.....................................
352,186
566,331
735,286
619,042
647,591
220,929
366,843
455,750
518,458
515,214
Maine
..........................................
130,626
195,243
231,191
243,003
261,920
103,759
162,712
192,943
203,574
221,447
Maryland
.....................................
895,453
1,460,393
1,728,026
1,795,866
1,870,451
562,025
985,902
1,216,146
1,298,456
1,354,261
Massachusetts
............................
3,539,442
5,332,122
6,110,778
6,410,944
6,778,728
2,813,131
4,270,480
5,116,856
5,425,030
5,721,614
Michigan
......................................
447,436
699,193
826,746
855,969
906,246
384,533
618,422
730,458
759,066
803,848
Minnesota
...................................
514,606
704,159
777,317
835,710
880,488
437,137
600,818
656,286
709,344
747,375
Mississippi
...................................
61,672
97,737
121,959
128,400
138,808
52,869
84,806
107,001
114,038
122,699
Missouri
.......................................
895,639
1,460,670
1,738,375
1,863,299
1,961,954
705,570
1,155,834
1,423,585
1,546,602
1,575,734
Montana
......................................
19,882
33,471
44,193
50,343
56,028
16,269
29,165
38,509
44,086
49,855
Nebraska
.....................................
161,066
243,678
300,276
316,684
333,719
138,929
217,590
268,746
287,419
303,937
Nevada
........................................
2,448
2,991
4,926
5,356
5,981
2,448
2,593
4,293
4,616
5,391
New
Hampshire
..........................
259,187
399,725
476,137
493,772
518,980
225,456
348,112
416,727
431,135
453,866
New
Jersey
.................................
711,478
957,661
1,176,088
1,215,489
1,262,798
537,298
766,929
949,927
988,131
1,027,923
New
Mexico
................................
22,196
22,969
32,874
33,350
34,683
19,678
19,682
27,567
28,714
29,652
New
York
....................................
5,487,876
8,113,252
9,930,462
10,424,477
10,836,610
4,467,861
6,607,801
8,095,536
8,500,357
8,888,821
North
Carolina
.............................
815,258
1,698,373
2,165,209
2,328,865
2,439,035
576,298
1,117,334
1,416,468
1,514,290
1,592,275
North
Dakota
...............................
18,853
27,978
36,380
37,350
45,261
15,860
24,033
31,776
32,912
40,600
Ohio
............................................
924,464
1,441,192
1,755,406
1,850,166
1,973,986
782,760
1,241,939
1,536,893
1,620,912
1,730,980
Oklahoma
....................................
174,542
257,433
270,702
283,509
310,010
145,202
216,368
233,556
248,985
271,900
Oregon
........................................
168,031
271,971
328,798
359,579
385,185
145,976
242,945
294,062
321,865
343,768
Pennsylvania
...............................
3,106,911
4,838,303
5,856,506
6,089,249
6,361,053
1,986,082
3,180,299
3,969,587
4,237,558
4,607,717
Rhode
Island
...............................
315,651
518,425
636,510
667,901
706,781
261,616
437,800
545,057
575,255
604,862
South
Carolina
............................
192,141
315,236
310,486
324,648
347,026
151,123
254,390
260,850
274,049
294,984
South
Dakota
..............................
39,893
52,180
54,663
57,643
59,988
34,212
46,187
48,450
51,477
53,557
Tennessee
..................................
676,815
1,084,292
1,343,820
1,402,160
1,512,404
431,327
694,318
885,665
946,888
1,017,011
Texas
..........................................
986,318
1,492,198
1,781,097
1,900,574
2,004,583
848,799
1,332,293
1,604,014
1,712,398
1,808,955
Utah
............................................
182,127
269,613
449,691
480,990
515,069
109,947
220,023
308,494
322,375
339,908
Vermont
......................................
150,689
266,539
269,666
288,223
305,294
126,299
229,548
232,565
250,310
264,387
Virginia
........................................
384,007
649,347
775,845
848,456
864,606
309,665
559,607
672,359
741,528
756,700
Washington
.................................
225,637
354,262
455,483
492,370
517,804
188,068
302,690
394,923
429,428
452,996
West
Virginia
...............................
71,547
104,122
137,492
167,111
168,229
58,730
89,187
120,423
148,386
149,678
Wisconsin
....................................
366,266
640,901
766,744
818,499
881,396
320,370
514,579
692,432
737,505
795,443
Wyoming
.....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
........................
189,424
245,693
316,382
337,090
345,802
179,851
231,377
298,995
320,705
330,230
Puerto
Rico
.................................
189,424
245,693
316,382
337,090
345,802
179,851
231,377
298,995
320,705
330,230
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
survey;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
1999.)
399
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
PROPERTY
Table
355.
 
Additions
to
physical
plant
value
of
degree­
granting
institutions,
by
type
of
addition
and
control
of
institution:
1969
 
70
to
1996
 
97
[
In
millions]

Year
Total,
all
institutions
Public
institutions
Private
institutions
Total
Land
Buildings
Equipment
Total
Land
Buildings
Equipment
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1969
 
70
..............................................
$
4,233
$
2,985
$
152
$
2,185
$
648
$
1,248
$
59
$
967
$
221
1970
 
71
..............................................
4,165
3,032
128
2,241
663
1,134
41
895
198
1971
 
72
..............................................
4,163
3,054
112
2,277
665
1,109
53
860
195
1972
 
73
..............................................
3,967
2,940
126
2,077
737
1,028
53
750
225
1973
 
74
..............................................
4,312
3,206
205
2,188
813
1,106
55
816
235
1974
 
75
..............................................
4,761
3,476
263
2,246
967
1,284
67
860
357
1975
 
76
..............................................
4,702
3,552
168
2,365
1,019
1,150
58
768
325
1976
 
77
..............................................
4,623
3,362
128
2,208
1,026
1,261
58
838
366
1977
 
78
..............................................
4,527
3,306
102
2,117
1,087
1,221
45
777
400
1978
 
79
..............................................
4,576
3,377
154
1,944
1,279
1,199
52
763
383
1979
 
80
..............................................
5,551
3,666
164
2,149
1,354
1,886
98
1,220
568
1980
 
81
..............................................
6,471
4,279
146
2,555
1,579
2,192
104
1,398
690
1981
 
82
..............................................
6,975
4,594
170
2,679
1,744
2,382
83
1,488
811
1982
 
83
..............................................
7,421
4,765
374
2,396
1,994
2,656
106
1,666
884
1983
 
84
..............................................
7,604
5,038
196
2,427
2,415
2,566
110
1,507
950
1984
 
85
..............................................
8,306
5,390
202
2,455
2,733
2,916
135
1,671
1,110
1985
 
86
..............................................
10,149
6,875
237
3,318
3,320
3,274
128
1,922
1,225
1986
 
87
..............................................
10,675
6,899
313
3,235
3,351
3,776
160
2,408
1,208
1987
 
88
..............................................
11,589
7,218
272
3,520
3,426
4,371
250
2,715
1,406
1988
 
89
..............................................
13,638
8,162
562
3,845
3,756
5,477
243
3,401
1,833
1989
 
90
..............................................
15,900
10,616
532
5,438
4,647
5,284
408
3,277
1,599
1990
 
91
..............................................
17,634
11,472
449
6,168
4,855
6,162
448
3,799
1,914
1991
 
92
..............................................
15,543
9,820
412
5,272
4,136
5,723
380
3,419
1,925
1992
 
93
..............................................
16,494
10,599
336
5,982
4,281
5,895
491
3,458
1,946
1993
 
94
..............................................
16,379
10,263
361
5,582
4,320
6,116
259
3,840
2,017
1994
 
95
..............................................
18,556
12,129
448
7,079
4,603
6,427
277
3,994
2,156
1995
 
96
..............................................
20,873
13,228
428
7,658
5,141
7,645
356
4,897
2,392
1996
 
97
1
............................................
 
13,642
392
8,097
5,153
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.
1
Preliminary
data.

NOTE:
Data
for
1969
 
70
to
1994
 
95
are
for
institutions
of
higher
education.
Institutions
of
higher
education
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
The
new
degree­
granting
classification
is
very
similar
to
the
earlier
higher
education
classification,
except
that
it
includes
some
additional
institutions,
primarily
2­
year
colleges,
and
excludes
a
few
higher
education
institutions
that
did
not
award
associate
or
higher
degrees.
Data
for
1995
 
96
and
1996
 
97
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2000.)
400
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
PROPERTY
Table
356.
 
Value
of
property
and
liabilities
of
degree­
granting
institutions:
1899
 
1900
to
1995
 
96
[
In
thousands]

Academic
year
Property
value
at
end
of
year
Endowment
(
end
of
year
market
value)
1
Liabilities
of
plant
funds
Total
Physical
plant
value
Endowment
(
book
value)
1
Total
Land
Buildings
Equipment
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Higher
education
institutions
2
1899
 
1900
.............................
$
448,597
$
253,599
 
 
 
3
$
194,998
 
 
1909
 
10
.................................
781,255
457,594
$
92,359
$
297,153
$
68,082
3
323,661
 
 
1919
 
20
.................................
1,316,404
747,333
128,922
495,920
122,491
3
569,071
 
 
1929
 
30
.................................
3,437,117
2,065,049
304,114
1,490,014
270,921
3
1,372,068
 
 
1935
 
36
.................................
3,913,028
2,359,418
334,085
1,636,722
388,611
3
1,553,610
 
 
1937
 
38
.................................
4,208,695
2,556,075
313,665
1,811,309
431,101
1,652,620
 
 
1939
 
40
.................................
4,440,063
2,753,780
 
 
 
1,686,283
 
 
1941
 
42
.................................
4,525,925
2,759,261
 
 
 
3
1,766,664
 
 
1947
 
48
.................................
6,076,212
3,691,725
 
 
 
2,384,487
 
 
1949
 
50
.................................
7,401,187
4,799,964
 
 
 
3
2,601,223
 
 
1951
 
52
.................................
9,241,725
6,373,195
 
 
 
2,868,530
 
 
1953
 
54
.................................
10,717,082
7,523,193
 
 
 
3,193,889
 
 
1955
 
56
.................................
12,561,046
8,858,907
624,467
4
6,697,648
1,536,792
3,702,139
 
$
894,383
1957
 
58
.................................
15,770,197
11,124,489
733,182
4
8,540,429
1,850,878
4,645,708
 
1,444,602
1959
 
60
.................................
18,870,628
13,548,548
842,664
4
10,472,478
2,233,407
5,322,080
 
1,964,306
1961
 
62
.................................
22,761,193
16,681,844
1,009,294
4
12,900,093
2,772,457
6,079,349
 
2,806,868
1963
 
64
.................................
28,232,362
21,279,346
1,292,691
4
16,460,867
3,525,788
6,953,016
 
4,190,189
1965
 
66
.................................
35,274,597
26,851,273
1,758,901
4
20,653,028
4,439,344
8,423,324
$
11,126,831
6,071,750
1967
 
68
.................................
 
34,506,348
2,062,545
4
26,673,826
5,769,977
 
 
 
1969
 
70
.................................
52,930,923
42,093,580
3,076,751
31,865,179
7,151,649
10,837,343
11,206,632
9,384,731
1970
 
71
.................................
57,394,951
46,053,585
3,117,895
35,042,590
7,893,100
11,341,366
13,714,330
9,786,240
1971
 
72
.................................
62,136,459
50,153,251
3,287,326
38,131,339
8,734,586
11,983,208
15,180,934
10,291,095
1972
 
73
.................................
66,814,103
53,814,596
3,492,611
40,808,481
9,513,503
12,999,507
15,099,840
10,823,595
1973
 
74
.................................
71,305,817
58,002,777
3,888,372
43,701,491
10,412,914
13,303,040
13,168,076
11,400,916
1974
 
75
.................................
75,585,674
62,183,078
4,210,901
46,453,642
11,518,536
13,402,596
14,364,545
12,413,420
1975
 
76
.................................
80,300,595
66,348,304
4,345,232
49,349,224
12,653,847
13,952,291
15,488,265
12,687,015
1976
 
77
.................................
85,486,550
70,739,427
4,444,927
52,384,393
13,910,107
14,747,123
16,304,553
13,068,341
1977
 
78
.................................
90,337,044
74,770,804
4,621,071
55,188,603
14,961,131
15,566,240
16,840,129
13,437,861
1978
 
79
.................................
95,442,468
78,637,991
4,824,250
57,563,005
16,250,737
16,804,477
18,158,634
13,712,648
1979
 
80
.................................
102,294,859
83,733,387
5,037,172
60,847,097
17,849,119
18,561,472
20,743,045
14,181,991
1980
 
81
.................................
109,701,242
88,760,567
5,212,453
64,158,017
19,390,097
20,940,675
23,465,001
14,794,669
1981
 
82
.................................
117,601,954
94,516,512
5,402,339
67,794,877
21,319,297
23,085,442
24,415,245
15,487,618
1982
 
83
.................................
127,345,302
100,992,841
5,889,080
71,519,718
23,584,042
26,352,461
32,691,133
16,749,900
1983
 
84
.................................
137,141,741
107,640,113
6,109,746
75,220,765
26,309,602
29,501,629
32,975,610
18,277,315
1984
 
85
.................................
148,163,096
114,763,986
6,236,159
79,133,998
29,393,829
33,399,110
39,916,361
22,105,712
1985
 
86
.................................
160,959,517
122,261,355
6,573,923
82,886,012
32,801,419
38,698,162
50,280,775
25,699,408
1986
 
87
.................................
 
126,426,171
7,165,445
84,838,657
34,422,069
 
56,585,153
 
1987
 
88
.................................
 
139,456,342
8,307,789
92,428,615
38,719,937
 
57,391,814
 
1988
 
89
.................................
 
158,693,085
9,462,095
104,743,145
44,487,845
 
64,155,247
 
1989
 
90
.................................
 
164,635,000
9,968,000
108,609,000
46,058,000
 
67,978,726
 
1990
 
91
.................................
 
178,084,000
10,028,000
117,683,000
50,373,000
 
72,048,579
 
1991
 
92
.................................
 
184,813,238
10,528,395
122,422,566
51,862,277
 
82,534,026
 
1992
 
93
.................................
 
192,760,817
11,006,451
128,436,599
53,317,767
 
92,239,311
 
1993
 
94
.................................
 
199,463,715
11,197,662
133,124,680
55,141,373
 
96,012,591
 
1994
 
95
.................................
 
212,201,113
11,710,436
142,553,837
57,936,840
 
109,706,704
 
Degree­
granting
institutions
5
1995
 
96
.................................
 
220,400,104
11,407,020
150,458,886
58,534,198
 
128,837,030
 
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
funds
functioning
as
endowment.

2
Institutions
that
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.

3
Includes
annuity
funds.

4
Includes
improvements
to
land
and
equipment.
These
funds
are
included
under
appropriate
categories
after
1967
 
68.
5
Data
are
for
4­
year
and
2­
year
degree­
granting
institutions
that
were
participating
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS),
``
Financial
Statistics
of
Institutions
of
Higher
Education''
surveys;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Finance''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1998.)
401
DEGREE­
GRANTING
POSTSECONDARY:
PROPERTY
Table
357.
 
Endowment
funds
of
the
120
colleges
and
universities
with
the
largest
amounts:
1999
and
2000
Institution
Rank
order
1
Market
value
of
endowment
as
of
June
30
(
in
thousands
of
dollars
One­
year
change
2
Institution
Rank
order
1
Market
value
of
endowment
as
of
June
30
(
in
thousands
of
dollars)
One­
year
change
2
1999
2000
1999
2000
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
120
institutions
with
the
largest
amounts
in
2000
.............................
 
$
154,674,237
$
194,002,768
25.4
Harvard
University
(
MA)
..........................
1
14,255,996
18,844,338
32.2
Kansas
University
Endowment
Association
......
61
766,673
855,452
11.6
Yale
University
(
CT)
................................
2
7,197,900
10,084,900
40.1
Carnegie
Mellon
University
(
PA)
.......................
62
719,320
829,121
15.3
University
of
Texas
System
....................
3
8,128,298
10,013,175
23.2
Syracuse
University
(
NY)
...................................
63
641,466
825,250
28.7
Stanford
University
(
CA)
3
.......................
4
6,005,211
8,649,475
44.0
Georgia
Institute
of
Technology
4
......................
64
590,175
801,831
35.9
Princeton
University
(
NJ)
........................
5
6,469,200
8,398,100
29.8
Lehigh
University
(
PA)
.......................................
65
675,595
791,190
17.1
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
...
6
4,287,701
6,475,506
51.0
Yeshiva
University
(
NY)
.....................................
66
674,833
775,262
14.9
University
of
California
(
CA)
...................
7
4,315,219
5,639,777
30.7
University
of
Missouri
System
...........................
67
686,900
753,000
9.6
Emory
University
(
GA)
............................
8
4,475,755
5,032,683
12.4
Georgetown
University
(
DC)
..............................
68
684,193
745,398
8.9
Columbia
University
(
NY)
........................
9
3,636,621
4,263,972
17.3
George
Washington
University
(
DC)
6
...............
69
673,589
737,647
9.5
Washington
University
(
MO)
...................
10
3,761,686
4,234,599
12.6
Rensselaer
Polytechnic
Institute
(
NY)
...............
70
516,238
729,973
41.4
Texas
A&
M
University
System
4
.............
11
3,746,624
4,205,849
12.3
University
of
Tulsa
(
OK)
7
..................................
71
684,138
725,470
6.0
University
of
Chicago
(
IL)
.......................
12
2,762,686
3,828,664
38.6
University
of
Florida
4
.........................................
72
601,813
681,370
13.2
University
of
Michigan
.............................
13
2,525,612
3,468,372
37.3
Carleton
College
(
MN)
.......................................
73
551,019
680,586
23.5
Cornell
University
(
NY)
...........................
14
2,869,103
3,436,926
19.8
Vassar
College
(
NY)
..........................................
74
578,423
675,113
16.7
Rice
University
(
TX)
................................
15
2,936,622
3,372,458
14.8
Middlebury
College
(
VT)
....................................
75
604,841
666,783
10.2
Northwestern
University
(
IL)
...................
16
2,634,850
3,368,233
27.8
Trinity
University
(
TX)
7
......................................
76
584,445
656,978
12.4
University
of
Pennsylvania
......................
17
3,281,342
3,200,812
 
2.5
Baylor
University
(
TX)
7
......................................
77
587,183
645,095
9.9
University
of
Notre
Dame
(
IN)
................
18
1,984,256
3,089,007
55.7
Tulane
University
(
LA)
.......................................
78
548,305
636,350
16.1
Duke
University
(
NC)
..............................
19
1,678,728
2,663,891
58.7
University
of
Alabama
System
5
........................
79
553,189
619,891
12.1
Dartmouth
College
(
NH)
.........................
20
1,710,585
2,490,376
45.6
Oberlin
College
(
OH)
.........................................
80
508,490
610,229
20.0
Vanderbilt
University
(
TN)
.......................
21
1,831,766
2,314,935
26.4
Wesleyan
University
(
CT)
..................................
81
530,323
579,914
9.4
University
of
Southern
California
............
22
1,589,833
2,152,589
35.4
Macalester
College
(
MN)
...................................
82
517,180
564,439
9.1
Johns
Hopkins
University
(
MD)
..............
23
1,520,793
1,825,212
20.0
Rochester
Institute
of
Technology
(
NY)
............
83
437,111
524,714
20.0
University
of
Virginia
...............................
24
1,398,068
1,738,984
24.4
Tufts
University
(
MA)
.........................................
84
464,107
523,520
12.8
Case
Western
Reserve
University
(
OH)
25
1,434,200
1,550,600
8.1
Northeastern
University
(
MA)
............................
85
396,205
518,536
30.9
University
of
Minnesota
4
........................
26
1,283,934
1,550,107
20.7
University
of
Maryland
System
4
........................
86
498,703
498,533
 
0.0
California
Institute
of
Technology
5
.........
27
1,333,229
1,535,702
15.2
Denison
University
(
OH)
....................................
87
355,116
498,362
40.3
Brown
University
(
RI)
..............................
28
1,181,514
1,416,052
19.9
University
of
Oklahoma
4
...................................
88
483,946
492,127
1.7
Rockefeller
University
(
NY)
.....................
29
1,007,600
1,372,200
36.2
Claremont
McKenna
College
(
CA)
....................
89
392,833
487,120
24.0
Williams
College
(
MA)
.............................
30
923,243
1,357,589
47.0
DePauw
University
(
IN)
.....................................
90
418,314
482,251
15.3
Purdue
University
(
IN)
.............................
31
1,222,411
1,301,976
6.5
University
of
California
Los
Angeles
4
...............
91
402,537
472,246
17.3
Ohio
State
University
4
............................
32
1,086,350
1,294,923
19.2
Bryn
Mawr
College
(
PA)
....................................
92
426,499
466,960
9.5
University
of
Rochester
(
NY)
..................
33
1,119,027
1,278,774
14.3
Bowdoin
College
(
ME)
.......................................
93
406,853
465,274
14.4
Wellesley
College
(
MA)
...........................
34
887,489
1,253,385
41.2
Bucknell
University
(
PA)
....................................
94
392,372
465,262
18.6
Pomona
College
(
CA)
.............................
35
759,519
1,109,410
46.1
University
of
Miami
(
FL)
7
..................................
95
428,571
465,212
8.5
University
of
N.
C.,
Chapel
Hill
4
..............
36
925,746
1,105,254
19.4
University
of
Louisville
(
KY)
4
.............................
96
381,821
454,521
19.0
University
of
Richmond
(
VA)
...................
37
803,252
1,068,708
33.0
Lafayette
College
(
PA)
......................................
97
468,003
451,160
 
3.6
Baylor
College
of
Medicine
(
TX)
.............
38
 
1,044,685
 
State
University
of
New
York/
Buffalo
4
..............
98
438,002
447,322
2.1
Boston
College
(
MA)
6
.............................
39
908,000
1,044,542
15.0
University
of
Houston
System
(
TX)
...................
99
413,101
443,883
7.5
New
York
University
................................
40
1,035,900
1,030,800
 
0.5
University
of
Tennessee
System
.......................
100
378,099
440,309
16.5
University
of
Pittsburgh
(
PA)
...................
41
854,840
1,018,015
19.1
Colgate
University
(
NY)
.....................................
101
383,018
439,115
14.6
Texas
Christian
University
......................
42
835,547
988,127
18.3
Washington
State
University
.............................
102
421,402
437,093
3.7
Pennsylvania
State
University
................
43
792,185
976,298
23.2
Rutgers
University
(
NJ)
.....................................
103
389,712
435,064
11.6
Wake
Forest
University
(
NC)
..................
44
857,938
969,618
13.0
Hamilton
College
(
NY)
.......................................
104
355,726
432,225
21.5
University
of
Cincinnati
(
OH)
..................
45
898,976
963,907
7.2
Mount
Holyoke
College
(
MA)
............................
105
355,473
425,296
19.6
Swarthmore
College
(
PA)
.......................
46
905,680
963,676
6.4
University
of
Iowa
4
............................................
106
476,800
424,159
 
11.0
University
of
Toronto
(
Canada)
...............
47
765,636
961,103
25.5
Santa
Clara
University
(
CA)
..............................
107
373,580
411,260
10.1
University
of
Washington
........................
48
745,217
949,796
27.5
Iowa
State
University
4
.......................................
108
266,348
410,704
54.2
Saint
Louis
University
(
IL)
.......................
49
907,822
925,955
2.0
Agnes
Scott
College
(
GA)
.................................
109
432,233
408,141
 
5.6
University
of
Illinois
4
...............................
50
816,573
915,436
12.1
Brandeis
University
(
MA)
...................................
110
355,012
406,722
14.6
Boston
University
(
MA)
...........................
51
652,161
913,207
40.0
Colorado
College
...............................................
111
367,090
405,641
10.5
Amherst
College
(
MA)
.............................
52
634,517
912,399
43.8
Pepperdine
University
(
CA)
...............................
112
337,049
402,264
19.3
University
of
Delaware
............................
53
777,349
911,521
17.3
Washington
and
Lee
University
(
VA)
................
113
 
399,567
 
Southern
Methodist
University
(
TX)
7
......
54
790,065
911,121
15.3
University
of
Colorado
4
.....................................
114
325,975
398,267
22.2
Indiana
University
4
.................................
55
802,395
907,463
13.1
Earlham
College
(
IN)
.........................................
115
302,856
392,316
29.5
Smith
College
(
MA)
.................................
56
884,782
906,942
2.5
University
of
Georgia
4
.......................................
116
334,534
388,422
16.1
University
of
Nebraska
4
..........................
57
682,525
901,864
32.1
College
of
William
and
Mary
(
VA)
4
...................
117
354,616
382,528
7.9
University
of
Wisconsin
4
.........................
58
653,551
880,695
34.8
Colby
College
(
ME)
...........................................
118
290,420
373,535
28.6
Grinnell
College
(
IA)
................................
59
1,020,372
862,487
 
15.5
University
of
Kentucky
.......................................
119
327,644
370,125
13.0
Berea
College
(
KY)
.................................
60
629,981
861,303
36.7
Virginia
Tech
Foundation
...................................
120
340,244
368,197
8.2
 
Not
available
1
Institutions
ranked
by
size
of
endowment
in
2000.
2
Change
in
market
value
of
endowment.
Includes
growth
from
gifts
and
returns
on
investments
as
well
as
reductions
from
expenditures
and
withdrawals.
3
As
of
August
31.
4
Includes
foundations.
5
As
of
September
30.
6
As
of
January
31.
7
As
of
May
31.

NOTE:
Data
include
institutions
participating
in
the
comparative­
performance
study
by
the
National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers.
Endowment
values
for
1999
are
from
the
Association's
February
2000
study.

SOURCE:
National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers,
NACUBO
Endowment
Study,
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
402
POSTSECONDARY:
ADULT
EDUCATION
Table
358.
 
Participation
of
employed
persons,
17
years
old
and
over,
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:
1995
and
1999
Characteristics
of
employed
persons
1995
1999
Employed
persons,

in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
Percent
of
adults
participating
Number
of
career
or
jobrelated
courses
taken,

per
employee
Percent
of
career
or
jobrelated
courses
provided
by
businesses
Employed
persons,

in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
Percent
of
adults
participating
Number
of
career
or
job­
related
courses,

taken
in
thousands
Number
of
career
or
job­
related
courses
taken,
per
employee
In
any
programs
In
parttime
higher
education
Other
personal
courses
In
career
or
jobrelated
courses
In
any
programs
In
parttime
higher
education
In
career
or
jobrelated
courses
In
apprentice
programs
Other
personal
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Total
...................................................
117,826
59,734
50.7
8.2
22.0
31.1
0.78
49.0
132,715
69,644
52.5
(
1.3)
11.9
(
0.8)
30.5
(
1.1)
2.2
(
0.4)
23.4
(
1.1)
91,369
0.70
(
0.03)

Sex
Men
.......................................................
63,127
29,346
46.5
7.0
17.9
29.0
0.70
46.7
69,950
33,671
48.1
(
1.4)
11.6
(
0.8)
28.3
(
1.2)
3.0
(
0.4)
18.2
(
1.0)
43,645
0.62
(
0.03)

Women
.................................................
54,699
30,387
55.6
9.7
26.8
33.4
0.86
50.9
62,765
35,973
57.3
(
1.3)
12.4
(
0.8)
32.9
(
1.1)
1.4
(
0.3)
29.2
(
1.1)
47,724
0.76
(
0.03)

Age
17
to
24
years
......................................
15,104
7,653
50.7
14.2
21.8
18.6
0.39
53.8
16,697
8,412
50.4
(
2.7)
16.2
(
1.8)
19.1
(
1.9)
4.4
(
1.4)
19.8
(
1.8)
6,836
0.41
(
0.06)

25
to
29
years
......................................
14,207
7,746
54.5
12.5
22.2
31.2
0.76
51.3
15,352
8,871
57.8
(
2.8)
20.2
(
2.0)
34.3
(
2.4)
3.7
(
0.9)
23.4
(
2.2)
11,862
0.77
(
0.08)

30
to
34
years
......................................
16,291
8,323
51.1
8.9
22.8
31.6
0.78
49.7
16,343
9,556
58.5
(
2.8)
14.2
(
1.8)
34.4
(
2.5)
2.9
(
0.8)
26.0
(
2.3)
12,675
0.78
(
0.08)

35
to
39
years
......................................
17,595
9,361
53.2
8.4
21.8
35.1
0.91
51.8
20,041
10,309
51.4
(
2.6)
11.8
(
1.5)
29.2
(
2.2)
1.6
(
0.5)
25.1
(
2.3)
14,192
0.71
(
0.07)

40
to
44
years
......................................
16,049
8,906
55.5
8.0
26.0
36.6
0.93
44.9
18,392
10,126
55.1
(
2.7)
10.7
(
1.5)
36.4
(
2.4)
1.5
(
0.6)
25.6
(
2.2)
15,415
0.84
(
0.07)

45
to
49
years
......................................
13,743
7,586
55.2
6.3
23.0
39.6
1.03
44.8
14,944
8,231
55.1
(
2.9)
9.8
(
1.4)
30.4
(
2.4)
1.8
(
0.8)
27.7
(
2.4)
9,886
0.66
(
0.06)

50
to
54
years
......................................
10,408
5,222
50.2
4.9
20.9
34.4
0.87
49.2
12,820
6,658
51.9
(
3.0)
6.2
(
1.1)
34.7
(
2.6)
1.3
(
0.5)
23.1
(
2.3)
9,820
0.77
(
0.07)

55
to
59
years
......................................
6,698
2,667
39.8
2.3
18.0
26.7
0.66
46.8
9,672
4,319
44.7
(
3.3)
7.9
(
1.9)
30.3
(
2.8)
0.8
(
0.6)
16.7
(
2.3)
6,135
0.63
(
0.08)

60
to
64
years
......................................
4,435
1,394
31.4
0.6
15.3
21.1
0.49
58.6
4,526
1,900
42.0
(
4.4)
4.6
(
1.6)
27.2
(
3.8)
0.8
(
0.8)
18.1
(
3.0)
3,004
0.66
(
0.15)

65
and
over
..........................................
3,297
876
26.6
0.3
16.3
13.7
0.37
39.7
2,135
837
39.2
(
6.0)
4.3
(
2.5)
20.3
(
4.2)
0.2
(
0.3)
21.3
(
5.0)
800
0.39
(
0.08)

Racial/
ethnic
group
White,
non­
Hispanic
.............................
92,333
47,967
51.9
8.0
22.7
33.2
0.83
47.9
96,581
51,612
53.4
(
1.1)
11.5
(
0.6)
32.8
(
1.0)
1.7
(
0.3)
24.3
(
0.9)
71,627
0.64
(
0.03)

Black,
non­
Hispanic
..............................
11,577
5,800
50.1
10.5
23.1
26.2
0.67
58.4
15,227
8,160
53.6
(
2.8)
13.0
(
1.6)
28.1
(
2.3)
4.1
(
1.3)
26.2
(
2.4)
9,754
0.96
(
0.07)

Hispanic
................................................
8,980
3,627
40.4
6.7
15.1
18.1
0.37
46.8
13,805
6,107
44.2
(
3.1)
10.6
(
1.7)
16.4
(
1.8)
4.3
(
1.5)
15.9
(
2.2)
5,061
0.53
(
0.05)

Asian
American/
Pacific
Islander
...........
2,825
1,246
44.1
8.0
15.1
25.5
0.58
48.6
4,273
2,275
53.2
(
5.5)
19.6
(
4.3)
32.8
(
4.8)
0.0
(
0.0)
20.5
(
4.2)
3,135
0.37
(
0.15)

American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
..........
663
329
49.6
13.9
25.2
34.0
0.86
54.6
667
350
52.5
(
13.1)
20.9
(
10.0)
29.5
(
11.5)
6.8
(
5.6)
10.0
(
6.0)
642
0.73
(
0.52)

Highest
level
of
education
completed
Less
than
high
school
diploma
............
9,635
2,444
25.4
0.8
9.4
8.8
0.15
56.6
14,493
4,271
29.5
(
8.8)
3.2
(
2.0)
7.9
(
2.3)
2.5
(
1.7)
11.1
(
3.1)
1,987
0.41
(
0.05)

High
school
diploma
.............................
38,071
14,639
38.5
4.9
16.5
20.9
0.45
56.7
37,383
15,037
40.2
(
1.8)
8.9
(
0.9)
21.4
(
1.5)
2.4
(
0.6)
16.2
(
1.3)
15,250
0.82
(
0.03)

Some
vocational/
technical
....................
3,997
2,078
52.0
7.2
23.5
32.3
0.82
45.3
4,165
2,025
48.6
(
15.5)
9.7
(
3.5)
28.7
(
5.8)
5.1
(
3.2)
21.5
(
5.7)
3,030
0.91
(
0.17)

Some
college
........................................
23,006
12,868
55.9
14.3
25.4
29.9
0.74
53.5
24,577
13,860
56.4
(
2.1)
16.7
(
1.5)
29.0
(
1.8)
3.0
(
0.7)
27.0
(
1.8)
17,331
0.71
(
0.06)

Associate
degree
..................................
7,591
4,746
62.5
13.3
27.7
39.2
1.02
49.7
9,240
5,698
61.7
(
3.3)
19.3
(
2.4)
39.7
(
3.1)
2.6
(
0.9)
25.2
(
2.8)
8,133
0.88
(
0.09)

Bachelor's
degree
................................
20,602
12,948
62.8
8.3
26.5
44.6
1.17
47.2
23,943
15,377
64.2
(
2.1)
12.5
(
1.3)
43.8
(
2.0)
1.0
(
0.3)
29.8
(
1.8)
24,068
1.01
(
0.06)

Some
graduate
work
(
or
study)
...........
14,924
10,010
67.1
9.9
29.6
50.2
1.40
40.3
18,914
13,377
70.7
(
19.4)
14.6
(
3.1)
46.8
(
4.2)
1.4
(
1.0)
34.0
(
3.7)
21,570
1.22
(
0.14)

No
degree
.........................................
2,770
1,987
71.8
19.7
34.8
44.3
1.20
45.6
3,168
2,353
74.3
(
4.5)
24.4
(
4.1)
54.2
(
4.9)
0.9
(
0.7)
30.4
(
4.3)
3,785
1.19
(
0.14)

Master's
.............................................
8,149
5,456
67.0
9.6
30.4
50.5
1.44
41.7
10,243
7,266
70.9
(
2.9)
13.6
(
2.0)
45.3
(
3.0)
0.9
(
0.4)
36.8
(
2.9)
11,711
1.14
(
0.11)

Doctor's
.............................................
2,060
1,133
55.0
5.0
22.4
40.4
0.98
35.5
3,698
2,350
63.6
(
5.3)
9.7
(
2.6)
34.4
(
4.8)
3.2
(
1.5)
32.8
(
5.0)
2,623
0.71
(
0.12)

Professional
......................................
1,946
1,434
73.7
2.6
26.4
67.6
1.97
31.4
1,804
1,407
78.0
(
6.6)
13.0
(
7.1)
67.6
(
7.0)
1.4
(
1.4)
26.6
(
5.7)
3,452
1.91
(
0.31)

Metropolitan
area
Inside
metropolitan
area
.......................
89,192
46,911
52.6
8.7
22.6
32.4
0.81
48.6
102,278
54,210
53.0
(
1.9)
11.7
(
1.0)
31.5
(
1.7)
2.3
(
0.5)
23.1
(
1.5)
73,498
0.72
(
0.05)

Inside
central
city
..............................
74,367
39,519
53.1
8.8
22.5
33.3
0.83
48.3
87,662
46,478
53.0
(
1.2)
12.0
(
0.7)
31.2
(
1.0)
2.4
(
0.4)
23.3
(
0.9)
61,774
0.70
(
0.03)

Outside
central
city
...........................
14,825
7,392
49.9
8.0
23.1
27.9
0.70
50.9
14,616
7,732
52.9
(
2.8)
9.6
(
1.5)
32.9
(
2.5)
1.8
(
0.6)
21.8
(
2.1)
11,724
0.80
(
0.08)

Outside
metropolitan
area
....................
28,634
12,823
44.8
6.9
20.2
26.9
0.66
50.2
30,437
15,434
50.7
(
2.1)
12.8
(
1.3)
27.1
(
1.7)
2.0
(
0.7)
24.5
(
1.7)
17,871
0.59
(
0.05)

Occupation
Executive,
administrative,
or
managerial
..........................................
12,500
7,070
56.6
7.4
23.4
42.9
1.20
37.7
25,407
14,654
57.7
(
2.2)
11.1
(
1.2)
40.6
(
2.1)
1.2
(
0.4)
23.9
(
1.7)
24,581
0.97
(
0.07)

Engineers,
surveyors,
and
architects
...
1,702
1,116
65.6
14.5
23.7
44.2
1.07
59.0
1,967
1,575
80.1
(
6.2)
26.2
(
5.7)
52.1
(
7.0)
6.0
(
4.3)
29.5
(
6.0)
2,037
1.04
(
0.16)

Natural
scientists
and
mathematicians
1,648
1,211
73.5
10.4
25.6
59.7
1.75
44.0
2,180
1,379
63.2
(
7.0)
13.7
(
4.2)
46.0
(
6.6)
1.4
(
0.9)
26.0
(
5.8)
1,782
0.82
(
0.14)

Social
scientists
and
workers,
lawyers
2,438
1,873
76.8
11.7
32.4
59.5
1.77
35.6
2,875
2,295
79.8
(
4.5)
10.8
(
3.2)
56.9
(
5.7)
0.7
(
0.7)
41.3
(
5.5)
4,893
1.70
(
0.24)

Teachers,
elementary/
secondary
.........
5,207
4,046
77.7
16.9
36.9
53.9
1.46
50.5
6,634
5,272
79.5
(
3.2)
24.6
(
3.0)
52.1
(
3.5)
0.4
(
0.2)
39.3
(
3.4)
8,077
1.22
(
0.11)

Teachers,
postsecondary
.....................
1,175
657
55.9
4.4
26.1
41.6
1.03
53.5
1,941
1,286
66.3
(
6.0)
13.1
(
4.3)
35.6
(
5.9)
2.1
(
1.3)
41.0
(
6.1)
1,427
0.74
(
0.14)

Physicians,
dentists,
veterinarians
.......
828
590
71.3
1.3
18.3
68.6
2.00
32.4
563
472
83.9
(
8.6)
5.0
(
4.9)
65.2
(
12.0)
4.5
(
4.5)
29.0
(
11.8)
859
1.53
(
0.50)

Registered
nurses,
pharmacists
...........
2,143
1,896
88.5
11.2
34.6
72.8
2.24
45.6
3,051
2,654
87.0
(
4.1)
16.6
(
4.9)
72.2
(
5.0)
0.2
(
0.2)
47.9
(
5.5)
5,639
1.85
(
0.21)

Writers,
artists,
entertainers,
and
athletes
...............................................
1,675
829
49.5
8.1
28.7
23.4
0.46
33.3
2,162
1,065
49.3
(
7.5)
15.4
(
4.8)
30.6
(
6.2)
2.5
(
1.3)
18.8
(
5.0)
1,354
0.63
(
0.18)
403
POSTSECONDARY:
ADULT
EDUCATION
Table
358.
 
Participation
of
employed
persons,
17
years
old
and
over,
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:
1995
and
1999
 
Continued
Characteristics
of
employed
persons
1995
1999
Employed
persons,

in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
Percent
of
adults
participating
Number
of
career
or
jobrelated
courses
taken,

per
employee
Percent
of
career
or
jobrelated
courses
provided
by
businesses
Employed
persons,

in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
Percent
of
adults
participating
Number
of
career
or
job­
related
courses,

taken
in
thousands
Number
of
career
or
job­
related
courses
taken,
per
employee
In
any
programs
In
parttime
higher
education
Other
personal
courses
In
career
or
jobrelated
courses
In
any
programs
In
parttime
higher
education
In
career
or
jobrelated
courses
In
apprentice
programs
Other
personal
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Health
technologists
and
technicians
...
1,528
1,147
75.1
12.9
32.1
50.0
1.39
45.0
2,074
1,436
69.2
(
6.4)
19.9
(
4.5)
41.8
(
6.0)
5.2
(
3.5)
37.0
(
6.0)
2,158
1.04
(
0.19)

Technologists,
except
health
................
3,283
2,153
65.6
12.9
28.3
43.8
1.12
55.8
4,803
2,775
57.8
(
5.3)
20.1
(
3.8)
37.6
(
4.9)
4.0
(
2.8)
23.3
(
4.1)
4,644
0.97
(
0.15)

Marketing
and
sales
occupations
.........
15,666
7,131
45.5
6.6
20.2
25.2
0.55
51.2
11,699
5,019
42.9
(
2.9)
6.3
(
1.2)
21.1
(
2.3)
1.7
(
0.7)
23.8
(
2.4)
5,033
0.43
(
0.06)

Administrative
support,
including
clerical
................................................
20,460
10,727
52.4
9.3
24.1
30.8
0.69
52.4
18,913
9,606
50.8
(
2.4)
9.9
(
1.2)
27.4
(
2.0)
0.9
(
0.3)
22.0
(
1.9)
10,480
0.55
(
0.05)

Service
occupations
.............................
17,355
8,238
47.5
9.0
22.7
22.6
0.60
57.0
15,949
8,078
50.6
(
3.0)
14.5
(
2.0)
21.0
(
2.2)
2.3
(
0.7)
22.1
(
2.5)
8,067
0.51
(
0.07)

Agriculture,
forestry,
and
fishing
...........
1,908
500
26.2
1.8
14.8
12.4
0.26
 
2,297
927
40.4
(
8.5)
11.2
(
4.9)
12.2
(
4.1)
6.9
(
6.6)
13.0
(
4.6)
475
0.21
(
0.07)

Mechanics
and
repairers
......................
4,266
2,129
49.9
7.6
16.6
29.1
0.73
57.2
4,736
2,087
44.1
(
5.6)
15.2
(
3.7)
15.0
(
3.4)
6.1
(
2.3)
23.0
(
5.0)
1,640
0.35
(
0.09)

Construction
and
extractive
occupations
........................................
5,490
2,093
38.1
4.6
18.4
18.6
0.33
48.8
3,973
1,464
36.9
(
5.2)
11.2
(
3.2)
13.2
(
3.2)
6.0
(
2.4)
12.0
(
3.3)
906
0.23
(
0.06)

Precision
production
occupations
........
1,685
754
44.8
5.9
16.2
25.6
0.58
40.8
1,570
608
38.7
(
8.8)
9.4
(
4.4)
18.3
(
6.5)
11.9
(
5.3)
19.5
(
6.5)
569
0.36
(
0.12)

Production
workers
...............................
8,309
2,515
30.3
5.9
10.1
14.8
0.27
58.5
9,346
3,681
39.4
(
3.8)
6.7
(
1.7)
23.0
(
3.2)
2.4
(
1.2)
14.8
(
2.5)
4,220
0.45
(
0.08)

Transportation,
material
moving
...........
4,488
1,295
28.8
3.8
12.1
15.8
0.28
60.6
5,178
1,753
33.9
(
4.6)
5.9
(
1.8)
18.4
(
3.6)
1.6
(
1.0)
12.9
(
2.9)
1,426
0.28
(
0.06)

Handler,
equipment,
cleaners,
helpers,

and
laborers
.......................................
1,989
519
26.1
3.1
10.3
11.7
0.21
46.9
3,474
731
21.0
(
5.1)
4.6
(
2.2)
6.8
(
3.5)
1.7
(
1.4)
5.0
(
2.3)
594
0.17
(
0.12)

Miscellaneous
occupations
..................
2,022
1,194
59.0
8.5
22.1
38.8
1.03
51.8
1,923
828
43.0
(
8.6)
9.9
(
4.3)
14.2
(
4.6)
3.7
(
2.3)
23.9
(
6.8)
509
0.26
(
0.08)

Annual
family
income
$
10,000
or
less
.....................................
9,776
3,224
33.0
6.1
15.6
12.6
0.25
50.9
5,248
1,646
31.4
(
5.8)
7.8
(
3.0)
9.5
(
3.1)
1.9
(
1.5)
13.2
(
4.1)
787
0.15
(
0.05)

$
10,001
to
$
15,000
..............................
6,183
2,389
38.6
7.2
19.5
15.1
0.37
59.1
5,281
1,597
30.2
(
4.1)
8.3
(
2.4)
8.3
(
1.9)
2.5
(
1.7)
12.9
(
2.8)
751
0.14
(
0.03)

$
15,001
to
$
20,000
..............................
7,321
3,040
41.5
8.0
18.2
20.1
0.42
52.8
6,061
2,511
41.4
(
4.2)
8.2
(
2.0)
16.3
(
2.8)
1.9
(
0.9)
17.1
(
3.0)
1,705
0.28
(
0.05)

$
20,001
to
$
25,000
..............................
7,832
3,164
40.4
7.4
19.3
20.4
0.48
53.1
8,595
3,618
42.1
(
3.8)
8.4
(
1.6)
18.8
(
2.8)
4.4
(
2.1)
19.8
(
2.8)
3,568
0.42
(
0.08)

$
25,001
to
$
30,000
..............................
10,133
4,803
47.4
8.8
21.4
24.7
0.54
55.8
11,848
4,863
41.0
(
3.4)
9.8
(
1.5)
22.2
(
2.7)
2.7
(
1.2)
15.3
(
2.2)
5,396
0.46
(
0.07)

$
30,001
to
$
40,000
..............................
19,617
9,734
49.6
8.9
21.9
30.2
0.76
50.2
18,961
9,589
50.6
(
3.6)
15.2
(
2.4)
26.6
(
2.8)
2.3
(
1.0)
21.3
(
2.7)
11,137
0.59
(
0.07)

$
40,001
to
$
50,000
..............................
15,115
8,127
53.8
8.0
22.9
34.7
0.82
48.3
16,577
9,005
54.3
(
2.7)
14.7
(
1.8)
32.3
(
2.3)
2.6
(
0.8)
24.9
(
2.3)
11,569
0.70
(
0.07)

$
50,001
to
$
75,000
..............................
23,006
13,288
57.8
8.9
23.7
40.0
1.02
48.3
28,433
17,356
61.0
(
2.1)
13.1
(
1.2)
36.6
(
1.9)
2.5
(
0.6)
31.4
(
1.9)
24,629
0.87
(
0.06)

More
than
$
75,000
...............................
18,843
11,964
63.5
8.6
26.5
45.2
1.25
45.0
31,711
19,458
61.4
(
1.9)
11.2
(
1.1)
42.5
(
1.8)
1.2
(
0.3)
25.3
(
1.5)
31,828
1.00
(
0.06)

 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Percent
of
career
or
job­
related
courses
provided
by
businesses
are
based
on
the
respondent's
reports
of
the
first
six
work­
related
courses
taken.
Adult
education
is
defined
as
all
education
activities,
except
full­
time
enrollment
in
higher
education
credential
programs.
Examples
of
adult
education
activities
include
part­
time
college
attendance,

classes
or
seminars
given
by
employers,
and
classes
taken
for
adult
literacy
purposes,
or
for
recreation
and
enjoyment.
Includes
adult
basic
education
and
English
as
a
second
language
classes.
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and
survey
item
nonresponse.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Household
Education
Survey,
``
Participation
in
Adult
Education,''
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
404
POSTSECONDARY:
ADULT
EDUCATION
Table
359.
 
Participation
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months
by
adults
17
years
old
and
older,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:

1991,
1995,
and
1999
Characteristics
of
participants
Percent
participating
in
any
program

1991
1
1995
1999
Population
in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
1
Percent
participating
2
Population
in
thousands
Adult
education
participants

in
thousands
1
Percent
participating
In
any
program
In
parttime
postsecondary
education
In
career
or
job
related
courses
Personal
development
courses
In
any
program
In
basic
education
In
English
as
a
second
language
In
parttime
postsecondary
education
In
career
or
job
related
courses
In
apprentice
programs
Personal
development
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
..................................................
33.0
189,543
76,261
40.2
6.1
20.9
19.9
194,559
86,593
44.5
(
0.8)
1.1
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.2)
9.3
(
0.4)
22.2
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.2)
22.2
(
0.6)

Sex
Men
...................................................
32.6
90,256
34,450
38.2
5.6
21.8
15.8
93,071
38,765
41.7
(
1.2)
1.0
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.2)
9.9
(
0.6)
22.1
(
0.9)
2.5
(
0.4)
17.4
(
0.9)

Women
.............................................
33.2
99,287
41,811
42.1
6.5
20.2
23.5
101,488
47,828
47.1
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.2)
1.0
(
0.2)
8.8
(
0.5)
22.2
(
0.8)
1.1
(
0.2)
26.7
(
0.9)

Age
17
to
24
years
..................................
37.8
22,407
10,539
47.0
12.6
14.7
21.5
23,372
11,673
49.9
(
2.3)
4.9
(
1.0)
1.1
(
0.3)
13.6
(
1.4)
16.4
(
1.5)
4.0
(
1.1)
22.8
(
1.9)

25
to
29
years
..................................
40.0
18,988
9,420
49.6
10.9
25.5
21.0
18,427
10,406
56.5
(
2.5)
1.2
(
0.5)
2.5
(
0.8)
18.6
(
1.8)
30.0
(
2.1)
3.4
(
0.8)
23.8
(
2.0)

30
to
34
years
..................................
37.6
21,338
10,088
47.3
8.0
26.1
23.3
19,423
10,908
56.2
(
2.6)
1.0
(
0.4)
1.6
(
0.6)
13.0
(
1.5)
29.4
(
2.2)
3.0
(
0.8)
26.5
(
2.2)

35
to
39
years
..................................
42.1
22,494
10,737
47.7
7.5
29.1
20.9
23,183
11,622
50.1
(
2.4)
0.6
(
0.3)
1.4
(
0.5)
10.9
(
1.3)
26.2
(
1.9)
1.7
(
0.6)
25.4
(
2.1)

40
to
44
years
..................................
49.2
19,810
10,078
50.9
7.1
31.2
24.9
22,116
11,159
50.5
(
2.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.2)
10.2
(
1.3)
31.3
(
2.1)
1.7
(
0.5)
24.7
(
2.0)

45
to
49
years
..................................
40.0
17,463
8,499
48.7
5.7
32.5
21.1
18,299
9,116
49.8
(
2.7)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.8
(
0.4)
9.4
(
1.3)
26.0
(
2.1)
1.5
(
0.6)
25.5
(
2.1)

50
to
54
years
..................................
26.8
14,344
6,093
42.5
3.9
26.3
19.7
16,893
7,966
47.2
(
2.5)
0.4
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
5.8
(
1.0)
28.2
(
2.1)
1.1
(
0.4)
23.5
(
2.1)

55
to
59
years
..................................
29.0
11,096
3,577
32.2
1.7
17.8
17.3
13,450
5,107
38.0
(
2.6)
0.3
(
0.3)
0.1
(
0.1)
6.7
(
1.5)
23.3
(
2.1)
0.5
(
0.4)
16.2
(
1.8)

60
to
64
years
..................................
17.4
10,728
2,540
23.7
0.6
10.6
15.2
10,718
3,368
31.4
(
2.8)
0.0
(
0.0)
1.4
(
1.4)
2.4
(
0.7)
13.4
(
1.8)
0.3
(
0.4)
18.8
(
2.2)

65
to
69
years
..................................
14.2
10,215
1,850
18.1
0.2
4.0
15.3
9,211
2,339
25.4
(
2.5)
0.3
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.3)
1.2
(
0.6)
6.9
(
1.2)
0.1
(
0.1)
19.6
(
2.3)

70
years
and
over
............................
8.6
20,661
2,841
13.8
0.1
1.4
12.6
19,466
2,929
15.0
(
1.4)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
1.3
(
0.5)
1.7
(
0.5)
0.0
12.2
(
1.2)

Racial/
ethnic
group
White,
non­
Hispanic
.........................
34.1
144,587
59,982
41.5
6.0
22.8
20.8
143,135
63,522
44.4
(
0.9)
0.6
(
0.1)
0.1
(
0.1)
8.8
(
0.5)
23.6
(
0.7)
1.3
(
0.2)
22.9
(
0.7)

Black,
non­
Hispanic
..........................
25.9
20,806
7,704
37.0
7.3
16.2
18.9
22,129
10,241
46.3
(
2.3)
2.7
(
0.8)
0.2
(
0.1)
11.0
(
1.3)
20.2
(
1.7)
2.9
(
0.9)
23.6
(
1.9)

Hispanic
............................................
31.4
15,689
5,281
33.7
4.8
11.8
13.8
1,102
400
36.3
(
9.2)
 
 
 
 
12.7
(
6.2)
19.2
(
7.4)
4.1
(
3.4)
10.6
(
4.7)

Asian
American/
Pacific
Islander
.......
35.9
4,377
1,739
39.7
6.5
18.1
15.9
5,619
2,872
51.1
(
4.6)
2.0
(
1.1)
5.8
(
2.2)
17.1
(
3.4)
26.9
(
3.8)
0.5
(
0.5)
22.6
(
3.6)

American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
......
29.3
1,155
448
38.8
9.3
20.6
21.6
19,491
8,045
41.3
(
2.5)
2.4
(
0.6)
6.5
(
1.2)
8.6
(
1.3)
12.5
(
1.3)
3.7
(
1.1)
16.2
(
1.9)

Highest
level
of
education
completed
Eighth
grade
or
less
.........................
7.7
12,808
1,283
10.0
0.1
1.9
4.9
11,438
1,680
14.7
(
2.9)
0.9
(
0.4)
5.0
(
1.7)
0.2
(
0.2)
1.4
(
0.6)
0.4
(
0.4)
6.6
(
2.4)

9th
to
12th
grade,
no
diploma
..........
15.8
16,511
3,332
20.2
0.8
4.9
9.2
21,174
5,419
25.6
(
2.6)
4.8
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.5)
3.3
(
1.1)
5.5
(
1.2)
1.9
(
0.9)
10.1
(
1.9)

High
school
diploma
.........................
24.1
62,956
19,341
30.7
3.6
13.9
15.4
55,553
19,356
34.8
(
1.4)
1.1
(
0.3)
0.6
(
0.2)
6.9
(
0.7)
15.5
(
1.0)
1.9
(
0.4)
16.9
(
1.1)

Some
vocational/
technical
................
34.2
6,327
2,648
41.9
5.4
21.9
21.1
6,517
2,678
41.1
(
4.0)
2.5
(
1.1)
1.9
(
1.0)
6.5
(
1.7)
19.9
(
3.1)
3.2
(
1.5)
21.8
(
3.2)

Some
college
....................................
41.4
34,433
16,978
49.3
12.1
22.3
25.3
34,270
17,504
51.1
(
1.8)
0.6
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.2)
13.9
(
1.1)
22.2
(
1.4)
2.8
(
0.6)
27.5
(
1.5)

Associate
degree
..............................
49.2
9,975
5,601
56.1
10.9
32.1
27.4
11,275
6,384
56.6
(
2.9)
 
 
0.2
(
0.1)
17.4
(
2.1)
33.3
(
2.6)
2.4
(
0.8)
24.2
(
2.4)

Bachelor's
degree
............................
51.1
26,858
15,286
56.9
7.1
36.1
27.0
30,121
18,178
60.3
(
1.8)
 
 
0.5
(
0.2)
11.2
(
1.1)
36.7
(
1.7)
0.9
(
0.3)
31.1
(
1.7)

Some
graduate
work
(
or
study)
.......
55.1
19,677
11,792
59.9
8.5
40.4
29.1
24,211
15,394
63.6
(
2.0)
 
 
0.8
(
0.4)
12.8
(
1.3)
38.9
(
1.9)
1.2
(
0.3)
33.0
(
1.8)

No
degree
.....................................
 
4,123
2,563
62.2
15.2
32.5
33.5
4,083
2,640
64.7
(
4.4)
 
 
0.0
(
0.0)
20.9
(
3.5)
45.1
(
4.4)
1.1
(
0.6)
28.1
(
3.7)

Master's
........................................
 
10,522
6,219
59.1
8.1
41.0
29.0
12,715
8,357
65.7
(
2.6)
 
 
1.1
(
0.7)
12.5
(
1.7)
38.8
(
2.6)
0.7
(
0.4)
36.8
(
2.6)

Doctor's
.........................................
 
2,564
1,384
54.0
4.7
35.0
25.1
5,039
2,675
53.1
(
4.7)
 
 
1.0
(
0.9)
7.9
(
2.0)
26.7
(
3.8)
2.7
(
1.1)
28.5
(
4.2)

Professional
..................................
 
2,467
1,626
65.9
3.0
56.6
26.0
2,374
1,722
72.5
(
5.8)
 
 
0.0
(
0.0)
10.9
(
5.6)
54.7
(
6.2)
1.1
(
1.1)
31.0
(
5.4)

Metropolitan
area
Inside
metropolitan
area
...................
34.5
142,522
59,627
41.8
6.5
22.0
20.3
146,309
67,322
46.0
(
0.9)
1.2
(
0.2)
1.2
(
0.2)
9.4
(
0.5)
23.2
(
0.7)
1.9
(
0.2)
22.4
(
0.7)

Inside
central
city
..........................
 
118,170
49,996
42.3
6.7
22.7
20.2
124,108
57,688
46.5
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.2)
1.3
(
0.2)
9.7
(
0.5)
23.4
(
0.7)
1.9
(
0.3)
22.8
(
0.8)

Outside
central
city
.......................
 
24,352
9,630
39.5
5.6
18.4
21.1
22,200
9,634
43.4
(
2.2)
0.5
(
0.3)
0.4
(
0.3)
7.9
(
1.1)
22.2
(
1.7)
1.5
(
0.4)
20.4
(
1.8)

Outside
metropolitan
area
................
28.3
47,021
16,634
35.4
4.9
17.9
18.5
48,250
19,271
39.9
(
1.6)
0.8
(
0.3)
0.2
(
0.1)
9.1
(
0.9)
18.9
(
1.2)
1.6
(
0.4)
21.5
(
1.3)

Labor
force
status
In
labor
force
....................................
40.7
125,982
62,717
49.8
8.1
29.8
21.7
140,400
73,097
52.1
(
0.9)
1.1
(
0.2)
0.7
(
0.1)
12.0
(
0.5)
29.4
(
0.8)
2.2
(
0.3)
23.3
(
0.8)

Employed
......................................
42.0
117,826
59,734
50.7
8.2
31.1
22.0
132,715
69,644
52.5
(
1.0)
1.0
(
0.2)
0.6
(
0.1)
11.9
(
0.5)
30.5
(
0.8)
2.2
(
0.3)
23.4
(
0.8)

Unemployed
.....................................
26.0
8,155
2,983
36.6
5.5
11.1
17.4
7,685
3,453
44.9
(
4.6)
3.6
(
1.7)
2.4
(
1.2)
13.7
(
2.8)
11.3
(
2.4)
1.9
(
0.9)
21.5
(
4.1)

Not
in
labor
force
..........................
15.7
63,562
13,544
21.3
2.2
3.4
16.2
54,159
13,496
24.9
(
1.2)
0.9
(
0.3)
1.5
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.4)
3.3
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.2)
19.4
(
1.1)

Occupation
Executive,
administrative,
or
managerial
.....................................
49.3
13,098
7,313
55.8
7.3
42.1
23.1
27,315
15,579
57.0
(
2.1)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.2
(
0.2)
10.9
(
1.1)
38.7
(
2.0)
1.2
(
0.4)
24.6
(
1.7)

Engineers,
surveyors,
and
architects
62.6
1,756
1,150
65.5
14.1
44.6
23.3
2,042
1,629
79.8
(
6.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
27.9
(
5.8)
52.4
(
6.8)
5.8
(
4.2)
28.8
(
5.8)

Natural
scientists
and
mathematicians
..............................
48.2
1,743
1,261
72.3
9.9
58.6
24.8
2,289
1,386
60.5
(
6.7)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
13.0
(
4.0)
44.1
(
6.3)
1.3
(
0.9)
24.8
(
5.5)

Social
scientists
and
workers,

lawyers
...........................................
55.6
2,530
1,938
76.6
11.5
59.4
32.3
3,069
2,433
79.3
(
4.4)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
10.4
(
3.1)
56.6
(
5.4)
0.6
(
0.6)
42.0
(
5.3)
405
POSTSECONDARY:
ADULT
EDUCATION
Table
359.
 
Participation
in
adult
education
during
the
previous
12
months
by
adults
17
years
old
and
older,
by
selected
characteristics
of
participants:

1991,
1995,
and
1999
 
Continued
Characteristics
of
participants
Percent
participating
in
any
program

1991
1
1995
1999
Population
in
thousands
Adult
education
participants
in
thousands
1
Percent
participating
2
Population
in
thousands
Adult
education
participants

in
thousands
1
Percent
participating
In
any
program
In
parttime
postsecondary
education
In
career
or
job
related
courses
Personal
development
courses
In
any
program
In
basic
education
In
English
as
a
second
language
In
parttime
postsecondary
education
In
career
or
job
related
courses
In
apprentice
programs
Personal
development
courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Teachers,
elementary
and
secondary
.......................................
55.0
5,414
4,155
76.7
16.6
52.4
36.9
7,033
5,511
78.4
(
3.1)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
23.8
(
2.8)
50.2
(
3.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
38.8
(
3.3)

Teachers,
postsecondary
.................
45.5
1,254
687
54.8
4.1
40.8
26.0
2,214
1,472
66.5
(
5.6)
0.4
(
0.4)
3.5
(
3.4)
17.0
(
5.0)
37.1
(
5.8)
1.8
(
1.1)
42.1
(
5.9)

Physicians,
dentists,
veterinarians
...
67.1
859
611
71.1
1.2
67.1
19.0
610
487
79.8
(
9.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
4.6
(
4.5)
62.5
(
11.5)
4.2
(
4.2)
29.1
(
11.2)

Registered
nurses,
pharmacists
.......
59.6
2,337
2,026
86.7
10.6
71.3
33.6
3,210
2,741
85.4
(
4.1)
0.0
(
0.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
16.0
(
4.7)
71.1
(
4.9)
0.2
(
0.2)
46.0
(
5.3)

Writers,
artists,
entertainers,
and
athletes
...........................................
42.9
1,874
934
49.9
7.7
23.1
30.0
2,481
1,241
50.0
(
6.9)
0.4
(
0.4)
0.0
(
0.0)
13.4
(
4.2)
29.1
(
5.6)
2.2
(
1.2)
21.4
(
5.1)

Health
technologists
and
technicians
68.6
1,697
1,270
74.8
12.8
47.5
33.0
2,190
1,465
66.9
(
6.2)
1.7
(
1.2)
0.6
(
0.6)
19.1
(
4.3)
40.6
(
5.7)
4.9
(
3.3)
35.5
(
5.7)

Technologists,
except
health
............
55.4
3,543
2,279
64.3
13.5
41.3
28.7
5,090
3,032
59.6
(
5.1)
0.0
0.4
(
0.4)
20.9
(
3.8)
37.0
(
4.7)
3.8
(
2.7)
24.5
(
4.0)

Marketing
and
sales
occupations
.....
34.4
18,174
8,038
44.2
6.8
23.2
20.4
13,578
6,022
44.4
(
2.7)
1.4
(
0.5)
0.1
(
0.1)
6.1
(
1.1)
20.7
(
2.1)
1.6
(
0.6)
25.1
(
2.3)

Administrative
support,
including
clerical
............................................
29.9
22,968
11,867
51.7
9.5
28.9
24.7
22,052
11,042
50.1
(
2.3)
1.9
(
0.7)
0.3
(
0.2)
10.3
(
1.2)
25.1
(
1.8)
0.8
(
0.3)
22.5
(
1.8)

Service
occupations
.........................
25.2
20,072
9,342
46.5
9.0
20.9
22.8
18,649
9,497
50.9
(
2.7)
3.2
(
0.9)
1.3
(
0.5)
13.7
(
1.8)
18.5
(
1.9)
2.5
(
0.7)
23.7
(
2.4)

Agriculture,
forestry,
and
fishing
......
14.3
2,336
616
26.4
1.6
11.5
15.6
2,809
964
34.3
(
7.2)
2.0
(
1.5)
2.0
(
1.6)
9.2
(
4.0)
10.5
(
3.4)
6.4
(
5.5)
11.2
(
3.8)

Mechanics
and
repairers
..................
32.1
4,692
2,231
47.6
7.1
27.7
15.6
4,964
2,097
42.2
(
5.4)
2.1
(
1.4)
0.0
(
0.0)
14.7
(
3.5)
14.4
(
3.3)
5.8
(
2.2)
21.9
(
4.8)

Construction
and
extractive
occupations
....................................
21.9
6,100
2,319
38.0
4.3
17.6
18.0
4,734
1,634
34.5
(
4.8)
0.7
(
0.4)
2.5
(
1.3)
10.4
(
2.8)
12.0
(
2.8)
7.0
(
2.4)
11.1
(
2.9)

Precision
production
occupations
....
31.2
1,875
807
43.0
5.5
23.2
16.1
1,638
628
38.3
(
8.5)
1.2
(
1.2)
1.9
(
1.4)
9.0
(
4.2)
17.5
(
6.2)
11.4
(
5.0)
19.9
(
6.3)

Production
workers
...........................
21.1
9,483
2,908
30.7
5.8
14.7
10.7
10,638
4,043
38.0
(
3.5)
0.7
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.3)
6.8
(
1.6)
20.2
(
2.8)
2.1
(
1.0)
15.9
(
2.4)

Transportation,
material
moving
.......
20.7
5,311
1,507
28.4
3.5
15.5
11.9
5,829
1,941
33.3
(
4.3)
2.8
(
1.5)
0.9
(
0.7)
5.9
(
1.7)
17.1
(
3.3)
2.5
(
1.1)
11.8
(
2.6)

Handler,
equipment,
cleaners,

helpers,
and
laborers
.....................
20.8
2,456
617
25.1
3.1
11.1
9.7
3,981
781
19.6
(
4.6)
0.0
(
0.0)
2.1
(
1.5)
4.6
(
2.0)
6.1
(
3.0)
1.5
(
1.2)
5.6
(
2.2)

Miscellaneous
occupations
..............
 
2,311
1,308
56.6
7.9
35.4
22.6
2,150
925
43.0
(
8.0)
0.0
(
0.0)
3.3
(
1.9)
11.7
(
4.6)
16.7
(
5.0)
3.3
(
2.1)
24.6
(
6.5)

Annual
family
income
$
5,000
or
less
...................................
13.6
12,638
2,689
21.3
3.3
4.1
11.8
5,198
1,092
21.0
(
3.2)
2.0
(
1.0)
1.2
(
0.8)
3.0
(
1.1)
5.0
(
1.4)
0.5
(
0.3)
11.9
(
2.6)

$
5,001
to
$
10,000
............................
17.5
17,560
4,194
23.9
4.0
6.7
13.2
9,137
2,236
24.5
(
3.4)
2.8
(
1.4)
0.9
(
0.4)
3.8
(
1.2)
4.1
(
1.1)
1.2
(
0.6)
14.5
(
3.0)

$
10,001
to
$
15,000
..........................
22.8
13,523
3,610
26.7
4.0
8.7
14.8
11,263
2,564
22.8
(
2.5)
2.4
(
0.9)
2.3
(
0.8)
6.1
(
1.4)
4.3
(
0.9)
1.5
(
0.8)
11.5
(
1.8)

$
15,001
to
$
20,000
..........................
21.9
13,116
4,176
31.8
5.4
13.0
15.8
12,623
3,967
31.4
(
2.8)
2.7
(
0.9)
2.3
(
0.7)
5.4
(
1.2)
10.1
(
1.6)
1.6
(
0.7)
16.4
(
2.2)

$
20,001
to
$
25,000
..........................
26.7
13,812
4,339
31.4
4.8
13.3
17.0
13,663
4,885
35.8
(
2.8)
1.5
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.7)
7.8
(
1.3)
12.7
(
1.8)
3.1
(
1.4)
17.5
(
2.1)

$
25,001
to
$
30,000
..........................
32.1
16,386
6,208
37.9
6.5
17.1
19.2
17,353
6,375
36.7
(
2.6)
0.8
(
0.3)
1.5
(
0.7)
7.3
(
1.0)
15.5
(
1.9)
2.1
(
0.9)
17.0
(
1.9)

$
30,001
to
$
40,000
..........................
35.6
28,628
12,220
42.7
6.9
22.1
22.0
27,715
12,524
45.2
(
2.1)
0.3
(
0.2)
0.9
(
0.6)
11.7
(
1.3)
20.0
(
1.5)
1.6
(
0.5)
22.4
(
1.7)

$
40,001
to
$
50,000
..........................
44.8
20,446
9,567
46.8
6.8
27.0
22.4
21,715
10,394
47.9
(
2.3)
0.6
(
0.4)
0.7
(
0.4)
12.0
(
1.4)
26.0
(
1.9)
2.5
(
0.7)
23.3
(
1.9)

$
50,001
to
$
75,000
..........................
46.6
29,161
15,169
52.0
7.6
32.8
23.6
35,984
19,828
55.1
(
1.8)
0.5
(
0.2)
0.2
(
0.1)
11.2
(
1.0)
30.6
(
1.5)
2.1
(
0.5)
29.8
(
1.6)

More
than
$
75,000
...........................
48.7
24,274
14,089
58.0
7.7
37.3
26.8
39,909
22,726
56.9
(
1.7)
1.0
(
0.4)
0.3
(
0.2)
10.1
(
1.0)
35.2
(
1.5)
1.1
(
0.3)
26.5
(
1.4)

 
Not
available.

1
Adult
education
is
defined
as
all
education
activities,
except
full­
time
enrollment
in
higher
education
credential
programs
Examples
of
adult
education
activities
include
part­
time
college
attendance,
classes
or
seminars
given
by
employers
and
classes
taken
for
adult
literacy
purposes,
or
for
recreation
and
enjoyment.

2
Any
participation
includes
adult
basic
education,
English
as
a
second
language,
and
apprentice
programs
not
shown
separately.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
a
sample
survey
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding
and
survey
item
nonresponse.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Participation
in
Adult
Education,''

unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
406
POSTSECONDARY:
ADULT
EDUCATION
Table
360.
 
Participants
in
adult
basic
and
secondary
education
programs,
by
level
of
enrollment
and
state:
Fiscal
years
1980,
1990,
and
1999
State
or
other
area
1980
1990
1999
Total
Level
of
enrollment
Total
Level
of
enrollment
Total
Level
of
enrollment
Adult
basic
education
Adult
secondary
education
Ungraded
Adult
basic
education
1
Adult
secondary
education
Adult
basic
education
English
as
a
second
language
Adult
secondary
education
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
........
2,018,906
915,936
531,663
571,307
3,535,970
2,435,649
1,100,321
2,840,763
1,052,214
1,099,537
689,012
Alabama
....................
51,599
36,726
12,372
2,501
40,177
32,984
7,193
22,430
18,445
1,369
2,616
Alaska
........................
5,667
2,200
2,188
1,279
5,067
4,267
800
5,396
2,634
1,295
1,467
Arizona
......................
9,996
9,968
22
6
33,805
24,915
8,890
55,274
18,071
29,532
7,671
Arkansas
....................
8,583
7,308
1,275
 
29,065
17,103
11,962
39,102
16,304
3,270
19,528
California
...................
267,625
60,385
 
207,240
1,021,227
753,282
267,945
456,125
50,360
340,813
64,952
Colorado
....................
9,381
4,295
2,644
2,442
12,183
9,877
2,306
13,743
5,807
6,260
1,676
Connecticut
................
21,889
8,882
4,805
8,202
46,434
25,560
20,874
27,698
6,011
12,032
9,655
Delaware
...................
1,797
1,110
503
184
2,662
2,348
314
3,278
1,761
1,191
326
District
of
Columbia
...
25,214
4,928
6,502
13,784
19,586
12,631
6,955
2,828
1,125
1,403
300
Florida
........................
467,162
100,958
184,568
181,636
419,429
249,339
170,090
399,772
130,908
151,003
117,861
Georgia
......................
50,820
26,734
17,008
7,078
69,580
49,622
19,958
107,980
60,145
30,281
17,554
Hawaii
........................
16,457
16,457
 
 
52,012
31,766
20,246
16,176
6,193
3,400
6,583
Idaho
..........................
12,851
8,915
3,010
926
11,171
9,180
1,991
10,542
5,652
2,663
2,227
Illinois
.........................
76,456
59,314
17,142
 
87,121
69,770
17,351
120,752
31,945
72,773
16,034
Indiana
.......................
20,882
18,127
2,660
95
44,166
27,138
17,028
41,760
21,211
7,330
13,219
Iowa
...........................
25,851
16,928
5,153
3,770
41,507
30,470
11,037
31,757
15,830
6,809
9,118
Kansas
.......................
14,405
3,687
7,436
3,282
10,274
9,191
1,083
11,410
5,809
4,340
1,261
Kentucky
....................
27,800
6,147
4,735
16,918
28,090
20,406
7,684
37,061
22,049
2,216
12,796
Louisiana
...................
16,046
12,608
2,485
953
40,039
20,941
19,098
38,873
24,644
1,418
12,811
Maine
.........................
5,327
3,029
942
1,356
14,964
6,620
8,344
9,807
3,977
1,184
4,646
Maryland
....................
34,572
23,421
6,043
5,108
41,230
36,244
4,986
27,556
12,286
7,430
7,840
Massachusetts
...........
20,420
10,241
5,044
5,135
34,220
28,140
6,080
24,565
7,194
13,646
3,725
Michigan
....................
40,973
29,945
 
11,028
194,178
80,206
113,972
86,218
35,938
22,941
27,339
Minnesota
..................
10,826
8,627
877
1,322
45,648
33,190
12,458
51,769
20,273
20,740
10,756
Mississippi
.................
14,317
10,340
2,918
1,059
18,957
15,834
3,123
40,370
29,465
1,800
9,105
Missouri
.....................
33,292
27,206
3,732
2,354
31,815
27,274
4,541
38,773
25,034
7,731
6,008
Montana
.....................
3,525
1,795
978
752
6,071
3,962
2,109
4,995
3,515
172
1,308
Nebraska
...................
7,514
5,152
2,362
 
6,158
5,349
809
9,095
5,150
3,328
617
Nevada
......................
3,063
845
82
2,136
17,262
7,270
9,992
22,346
1,047
10,961
10,338
New
Hampshire
.........
4,844
2,657
1,625
562
7,198
5,073
2,125
5,519
1,438
1,854
2,227
New
Jersey
................
35,770
17,152
6,790
11,828
64,080
46,526
17,554
44,712
11,317
26,222
7,173
New
Mexico
...............
13,102
3,590
5,147
4,365
30,236
18,069
12,167
29,197
15,543
8,200
5,454
New
York
...................
94,574
57,217
20,002
17,355
156,611
125,893
30,718
194,028
61,819
91,846
40,363
North
Carolina
...........
84,252
33,854
46,679
3,719
109,740
71,698
38,042
154,786
71,425
36,924
46,437
North
Dakota
.............
2,810
1,963
538
309
3,587
2,500
1,087
1,964
1,087
416
461
Ohio
...........................
50,056
42,421
7,635
 
95,476
79,527
15,949
81,010
57,983
9,230
13,797
Oklahoma
..................
14,701
6,983
5,697
2,021
24,307
19,131
5,176
20,534
14,028
3,492
3,014
Oregon
.......................
27,645
10,690
12,594
4,361
37,075
24,915
12,160
27,981
14,115
10,931
2,935
Pennsylvania
.............
29,477
19,246
6,436
3,795
52,444
40,108
12,336
46,836
20,511
13,695
12,630
Rhode
Island
.............
5,844
2,266
1,357
2,221
7,347
5,874
1,473
7,950
3,009
3,458
1,483
South
Carolina
...........
69,659
27,959
35,165
6,535
81,200
37,117
44,083
132,497
34,474
7,856
90,167
South
Dakota
.............
4,067
2,080
1,109
878
3,184
2,458
726
5,431
3,551
835
1,045
Tennessee
.................
26,268
17,079
3,244
5,945
41,721
39,604
2,117
49,386
29,766
5,173
14,447
Texas
.........................
157,349
94,245
51,126
11,978
218,747
145,067
73,680
106,516
41,508
53,680
11,328
Utah
...........................
18,541
3,756
14,785
 
24,841
6,003
18,838
28,987
6,614
7,186
15,187
Vermont
.....................
4,583
3,990
 
593
4,808
4,452
356
4,436
3,604
513
319
Virginia
.......................
21,525
10,480
3,804
7,241
31,649
30,005
1,644
31,211
13,801
11,203
6,207
Washington
................
16,286
7,245
3,894
5,147
31,776
25,336
6,440
57,999
22,113
30,500
5,386
West
Virginia
.............
14,628
9,743
3,672
1,213
21,186
14,227
2
6,959
22,403
16,877
332
5,194
Wisconsin
..................
16,158
14,185
1,973
 
61,081
45,116
15,965
27,297
17,268
6,215
3,814
Wyoming
....................
2,457
857
905
695
3,578
2,071
2
1,507
2,632
1,580
445
607
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.......
313
252
61
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guam
.........................
1,346
612
471
263
1,311
414
2
897
902
203
182
517
Northern
Marianas
.....
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
527
202
47
278
Puerto
Rico
................
30,164
17,844
9,010
3,310
28,436
28,436
 
47,974
12,322
2,099
33,553
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
....................
3,753
2,138
699
916
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virgin
Islands
.............
3,500
1,002
859
1,639
1,653
1,215
438
1,433
735
289
409
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
English
as
a
second
language.

2
Estimated.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Women
and
Minority
Groups
Make
Up
Largest
Segment
of
Adult
Basic
and
Secondary
Education
Programs;''
Office
of
Vocational
and
Adult
Education,
Division
of
Adult
Education
and
Literacy,
``
Adult
Education
Program
Facts,
Program
Year
1990
 
1991,''
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
407
VOCATIONAL
EDUCATION:
INSTITUTIONS
Table
361.
 
Nondegree
granting
institutions
offering
postsecondary
education,
by
control
and
state:
1998
 
99,
1999
 
2000,
and
2000
 
01
State
or
other
area
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
2000
 
01
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
Total
Public
Private
Total
Notforprofit
Forprofit
Total
Notforprofit
Forprofit
Total
Notforprofit
Forprofit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
United
States
.............................
5,437
564
4,873
1,082
3,791
5,165
501
4,664
1,042
3,622
5,076
532
4,544
995
3,549
Alabama
..........................................
52
6
46
9
37
53
6
47
9
38
53
5
48
9
39
Alaska
.............................................
24
4
20
5
15
26
6
20
4
16
25
5
20
4
16
Arizona
............................................
87
0
87
13
74
84
1
83
11
72
79
1
78
10
68
Arkansas
.........................................
62
8
54
9
45
62
8
54
9
45
60
9
51
8
43
California
.........................................
854
32
822
195
627
814
30
784
183
601
811
30
781
178
603
Colorado
.........................................
104
7
97
19
78
102
7
95
19
76
96
6
90
18
72
Connecticut
.....................................
91
14
77
15
62
73
2
71
15
56
82
14
68
15
53
Delaware
.........................................
11
1
10
2
8
11
1
10
2
8
12
1
11
3
8
District
of
Columbia
........................
20
2
18
10
8
19
2
17
10
7
18
2
16
9
7
Florida
.............................................
288
44
244
51
193
280
43
237
48
189
276
44
232
46
186
Georgia
...........................................
107
22
85
19
66
103
21
82
17
65
86
3
83
16
67
Hawaii
.............................................
20
1
19
2
17
21
1
20
2
18
20
1
19
2
17
Idaho
...............................................
19
0
19
1
18
19
0
19
1
18
19
0
19
1
18
Illinois
..............................................
220
11
209
51
158
213
7
206
51
155
208
5
203
50
153
Indiana
............................................
83
8
75
13
62
76
8
68
11
57
75
7
68
11
57
Iowa
................................................
52
0
52
10
42
44
0
44
8
36
43
0
43
7
36
Kansas
............................................
42
8
34
6
28
42
8
34
6
28
41
8
33
5
28
Kentucky
.........................................
122
41
81
9
72
105
24
81
9
72
100
21
79
9
70
Louisiana
.........................................
86
6
80
13
67
86
7
79
13
66
86
7
79
13
66
Maine
..............................................
24
0
24
8
16
26
0
26
7
19
26
0
26
7
19
Maryland
.........................................
97
2
95
17
78
93
2
91
16
75
90
3
87
15
72
Massachusetts
................................
156
13
143
30
113
142
9
133
29
104
150
16
134
30
104
Michigan
..........................................
211
5
206
33
173
197
5
192
32
160
194
7
187
31
156
Minnesota
.......................................
62
4
58
17
41
60
4
56
17
39
56
3
53
16
37
Mississippi
.......................................
31
0
31
4
27
26
0
26
4
22
25
0
25
2
23
Missouri
...........................................
143
41
102
20
82
123
29
94
19
75
137
47
90
17
73
Montana
..........................................
31
0
31
8
23
29
0
29
8
21
29
0
29
8
21
Nebraska
.........................................
41
0
41
7
34
39
0
39
9
30
29
0
29
7
22
Nevada
............................................
68
2
66
1
65
63
2
61
1
60
61
2
59
1
58
New
Hampshire
..............................
17
0
17
5
12
19
0
19
7
12
17
0
17
6
11
New
Jersey
.....................................
162
16
146
27
119
150
12
138
24
114
152
14
138
23
115
New
Mexico
....................................
24
0
24
4
20
19
0
19
2
17
16
0
16
1
15
New
York
........................................
315
39
276
110
166
304
38
266
111
155
300
41
259
109
150
North
Carolina
.................................
71
4
67
8
59
70
4
66
9
57
67
3
64
8
56
North
Dakota
...................................
9
0
9
3
6
8
0
8
3
5
9
0
9
3
6
Ohio
................................................
231
57
174
50
124
219
55
164
47
117
215
61
154
43
111
Oklahoma
........................................
108
44
64
3
61
105
44
61
3
58
109
46
63
3
60
Oregon
............................................
74
0
74
6
68
69
0
69
7
62
68
0
68
6
62
Pennsylvania
...................................
313
43
270
97
173
298
40
258
93
165
283
43
240
88
152
Rhode
Island
...................................
29
0
29
7
22
26
0
26
8
18
24
0
24
8
16
South
Carolina
................................
37
2
35
8
27
38
2
36
9
27
35
2
33
8
25
South
Dakota
..................................
10
0
10
6
4
8
0
8
5
3
8
0
8
5
3
Tennessee
......................................
112
27
85
15
70
107
27
80
14
66
101
27
74
11
63
Texas
..............................................
297
5
292
40
252
294
5
289
40
249
295
5
290
36
254
Utah
................................................
41
6
35
3
32
37
5
32
2
30
36
5
31
2
29
Vermont
..........................................
7
0
7
4
3
7
0
7
4
3
6
0
6
4
2
Virginia
............................................
136
12
124
34
90
135
12
123
32
91
126
10
116
31
85
Washington
.....................................
91
3
88
14
74
87
4
83
13
70
85
4
81
11
70
West
Virginia
...................................
69
21
48
17
31
61
17
44
16
28
67
22
45
18
27
Wisconsin
........................................
68
2
66
24
42
66
2
64
23
41
62
1
61
23
38
Wyoming
.........................................
8
1
7
0
7
7
1
6
0
6
8
1
7
0
7
Outlying
areas
............................
91
8
83
16
67
90
8
82
17
65
89
5
84
15
69
American
Samoa
............................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
..............................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Northern
Marianas
..........................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Palau
...............................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.....................................
91
8
83
16
67
90
8
82
17
65
89
5
84
15
69
Virgin
Islands
..................................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NOTE:
Includes
all
institutions
that
did
not
grant
degrees
at
the
associate
or
higher
level,
or
were
not
eligible
for
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS),
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
409
CHAPTER
4
Federal
Programs
for
Education
and
Related
Activities
This
chapter
provides
a
summary
of
federal
funds
for
education
to
help
describe
the
magnitude
of
the
federal
fiscal
effort
and
give
some
indication
of
the
scope
and
variety
of
the
education
programs.
Data
in
this
chapter
reflect
outlays
and
obligations
of
federal
agencies.
These
tabulations
differ
from
federal
receipts
reported
in
other
chapters
because
of
numerous
variations
in
the
data
collection
systems.
Federal
dollars
are
not
necessarily
spent
by
recipient
institutions
in
the
same
year
they
are
appropriated.
In
some
cases,
institutions
cannot
identify
the
source
of
federal
revenues
because
they
flow
through
state
agencies.
Some
types
of
revenues,
such
as
tuition
and
fees,
are
reported
as
revenues
from
students
even
though
they
may
be
supported
by
federal
student
aid
programs.
Some
institutions
that
receive
federal
education
funds
are
not
included
in
regular
surveys
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
Thus,
the
revenue
data
tabulated
in
this
chapter
are
not
comparable
with
figures
reported
in
other
chapters.
Readers
should
be
careful
about
comparing
data
on
obligations
shown
in
some
tables
with
data
on
outlays
and
appropriations
appearing
in
others.
Federal
on­
budget
funding
for
education
showed
sizable
growth
between
fiscal
years
(
FYs)
1965
and
2001,
after
adjustment
for
inflation.
Particularly
large
increases
occurred
between
1965
and
1975.
After
a
slight
increase
from
1975
to
1980,
there
was
a
substantial
decrease
from
1980
to
1985
(
16
percent).
Thereafter,
federal
on­
budget
funding
for
education
generally
increased,
showing
a
rise
of
56
percent
from
1985
to
2001,
after
adjustment
for
inflation
(
table
362).
During
the
1965
to
1975
period,
after
adjustment
for
inflation,
federal
funds
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
rose
by
207
percent,
postsecondary
education
by
259
percent,
other
education
by
141
percent,
and
research
at
educational
institutions
by
6
percent.
Between
1975
and
1980,
federal
funding
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
increased
by
2
percent
and
research
by
15
percent,
but
postsecondary
education
decreased
slightly
by
2
percent
and
other
education
decreased
by
35
percent
After
declining
21
percent
between
1980
and
1985,
federal
funding
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
programs
rose
by
89
percent
between
1985
and
2001.
Postsecondary
education
decreased
by
25
percent
between
1980
and
1985
and
then
declined
10
percent
between
1985
and
2001.
Between
1985
and
2001,
other
education
rose
by
86
percent,
and
research
by
69
percent,
after
adjustment
for
inflation
(
table
362).
Off­
budget
support
and
nonfederal
funds
generated
by
federal
legislation
showed
an
increase
in
real
dollars
between
FY
1980
and
FY
2001
(
256
percent
but
there
were
significant
fluctuations
throughout
the
period.
These
amounts
tend
to
fluctuate
because
of
changes
in
interest
rates
and
program
legislation
which
affect
the
number
and
volume
of
student
loans.
Between
FY
1990
and
FY
2001,
these
same
funds
showed
an
increase
of
141
percent
(
table
362).
According
to
FY
2001
estimates,
$
36.8
billion
or
about
40
percent
of
the
$
92.8
billion
spent
by
the
federal
government
on
education
came
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education.
Large
amounts
of
money
also
came
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
($
19.5
billion),
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Agriculture
($
11.0
billion),
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor
($
5.6
billion),
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
($
4.5
billion),
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Energy
($
3.5
billion)
(
table
363).
Fiscal
year
2001
estimates
call
for
federal
program
funds
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
to
be
$
48.7
billion;
for
postsecondary
education,
$
15.3
billion
for
research
at
universities
and
related
institutions
$
22.8
billion;
and
for
other
programs,
$
6.0
billion
(
table
364).
Almost
60
percent
of
total
federal
education
support
excluding
estimated
federal
tax
expenditures,
went
to
educational
institutions
in
FY
2001.
Another
20
percent
was
used
for
student
support.
Banks
and
other
lending
agencies
received
6
percent,
and
all
other
recipients,
including
libraries,
museums,
and
federal
institutions,
received
almost
15
percent
(
table
365).
Between
FYs
1990
and
2001,
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
obligations
rose
46
percent,
after
adjustment
for
inflation.
Funds
for
student
financial
assistance
increased
by
$
2.0
billion
in
2001,
a
rise
of
13
percent
since
1990.
Funds
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
were
an
estimated
$
16.4
billion
in
2001,
an
increase
of
74
percent
since
1990,
after
ad­
410
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
*
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
as
established
in
1867
was
later
known
as
the
Office
of
Education.
In
1980,
under
Public
Law
96
 
88,
it
became
a
cabinet­
level
department.
Therefore,
for
purposes
of
consistency,
it
is
referred
to
as
the
``
U.
S.
Department
of
Education''
even
in
those
tables
covering
years
when
it
was
officially
the
Office
of
Education.
justment
for
inflation.
Funds
for
the
handicapped
increased
by
101
percent,
to
$
9.2
billion,
and
funds
for
vocational
and
adult
education
increased
22
percent,
after
adjustment
for
inflation
(
table
37
in
chapter
1
and
table
366).
Of
the
$
36.8
billion
spent
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
in
FY
2001,
about
$
17.6
billion
went
to
school
districts,
$
6.1
billion
to
institutions
of
higher
education,
$
6.2
billion
to
college
students,
and
$
4.9
billion
to
state
education
agencies.
A
portion
of
the
remaining
$
1.9
billion
went
to
banks
to
subsidize
student
loans
(
table
367).
Thirty­
three
percent
of
public
elementary
and
secondary
school
students
received
publicly
funded
free
or
reduced­
price
lunches
in
1993
 
94.
At
public
elementary
schools,
the
participation
rate
was
39
percent
compared
with
22
percent
for
public
secondary
schools
(
table
375).
About
13
percent
of
all
elementary
and
secondary
school
children
received
Title
I
services
in
1993
 
94.
Federally
sponsored
Title
I
programs
are
designed
to
improve
student
achievement,
particularly
for
children
in
schools
with
high
concentrations
of
poverty.
Children
in
rural
areas
(
13
percent)
and
central
cities
(
17
percent)
were
more
likely
to
receive
services
than
those
in
suburban
areas
(
9
percent)
(
table
376).

Federal
Education
Legislation
A
capsule
view
of
the
history
of
federal
education
activities
is
provided
in
the
following
list
of
selected
legislation:

1787
Northwest
Ordinance
authorized
land
grants
for
the
establishment
of
educational
institutions.

1802
An
Act
Fixing
the
Military
Peace
Establishment
of
the
United
States
established
the
U.
S.
Military
Academy.
(
The
U.
S.
Naval
Academy
was
established
in
1845
by
the
Secretary
of
the
Navy.)

1862
First
Morrill
Act
authorized
public
land
grants
to
the
states
for
the
establishment
and
maintenance
of
agricultural
and
mechanical
colleges

1867
Department
of
Education
Act
authorized
the
establishment
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education

1876
Appropriation
Act,
U.
S.
Department
of
the
Treasury,
established
the
U.
S.
Coast
Guard
Academy.
1890
Second
Morrill
Act
provided
for
money
grants
for
support
of
instruction
in
the
agricultural
and
mechanical
colleges.

1911
State
Marine
School
Act
authorized
federal
funds
to
be
used
for
the
benefit
of
any
nautical
school
in
any
of
11
specified
state
seaport
cities.

1917
Smith­
Hughes
Act
provided
for
grants
to
states
for
support
of
vocational
education.

1918
Vocational
Rehabilitation
Act
provided
for
grants
for
rehabilitation
through
training
of
World
War
I
veterans.

1919
An
Act
to
Provide
for
Further
Educational
Facilities
authorized
the
sale
by
the
federal
government
of
surplus
machine
tools
to
educational
institutions
at
15
percent
of
acquisition
cost.

1920
Smith­
Bankhead
Act
authorized
grants
to
states
for
vocational
rehabilitation
programs.

1935
Bankhead­
Jones
Act
(
Public
Law
74
 
182)
authorized
grants
to
states
for
agricultural
experiment
stations.

Agricultural
Adjustment
Act
(
Public
Law
74
 
320)
authorized
30
percent
of
the
annual
customs
receipts
to
be
used
to
encourage
the
exportation
and
domestic
consumption
of
agricultural
commodities.
Commodities
purchased
under
this
authorization
began
to
be
used
in
school
lunch
programs
in
1936.
The
National
School
Lunch
Act
of
1946
continued
and
expanded
this
assistance.

1936
An
Act
to
Further
the
Development
and
Maintenance
of
an
Adequate
and
Well­
Balanced
American
Merchant
Marine
(
Public
Law
74
 
415)
established
the
U.
S.
Merchant
Marine
Academy.

1937
National
Cancer
Institute
Act
established
the
Public
Health
Service
fellowship
program.

1941
Amendment
to
Lanham
Act
of
1940
authorized
federal
aid
for
construction,
maintenance,
and
operation
of
schools
in
federally
impacted
areas.
Such
assistance
was
continued
under
Public
Law
815
and
Public
Law
874,
81st
Congress,
in
1950.

1943
Vocational
Rehabilitation
Act
(
Public
Law
78
 
16)
provided
assistance
to
disabled
veterans.

School
Lunch
Indemnity
Plan
(
Public
Law
78
 
129)
provided
funds
for
local
lunch
food
purchases
411
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
1944
Servicemen's
Readjustment
Act
(
Public
Law
78
 
346)
known
as
the
GI
Bill,
provided
assistance
for
the
education
of
veterans.

Surplus
Property
Act
(
Public
Law
78
 
457)
authorized
transfer
of
surplus
property
to
educational
institutions.

1946
National
School
Lunch
Act
(
Public
Law
79
 
396)
authorized
assistance
through
grants­
inaid
and
other
means
to
states
to
assist
in
providing
adequate
foods
and
facilities
for
the
establishment,
maintenance,
operation,
and
expansion
of
nonprofit
school
lunch
programs

George­
Barden
Act
(
Public
Law
80
 
402)
expanded
federal
support
of
vocational
education

1948
United
States
Information
and
Educational
Exchange
Act
(
Public
Law
80
 
402)
provided
for
the
interchange
of
persons,
knowledge,
and
skills
between
the
United
States
and
other
countries.

1949
Federal
Property
and
Administrative
Services
Act
(
Public
Law
81
 
152)
provided
for
donation
of
surplus
property
to
educational
institutions
and
for
other
public
purposes.

1950
Financial
Assistance
for
Local
Educational
Agencies
Affected
by
Federal
Activities
(
Public
Law
81
 
815
and
Public
Law
81
 
874)
provided
assistance
for
construction
(
Public
Law
815)
and
operation
(
Public
Law
874)
of
schools
in
federally
affected
areas.

Housing
Act
(
Public
Law
81
 
475)
authorized
loans
for
construction
of
college
housing
facilities

1954
An
Act
for
the
Establishment
of
the
United
States
Air
Force
Academy
and
Other
Purposes
(
Public
Law
83
 
325)
established
the
U.
S.
Air
Force
Academy.

Educational
Research
Act
(
Public
Law
83
 
531)
authorized
cooperative
arrangements
with
universities,
colleges,
and
state
educational
agencies
for
educational
research.

School
Milk
Program
Act
(
Public
Law
83
 
597)
provided
funds
for
purchase
of
milk
for
school
lunch
programs.

1956
Library
Services
Act
(
Public
Law
84
 
597)
provided
grants
to
states
for
extension
and
improvement
of
rural
public
library
services.

1957
Practical
Nurse
Training
Act
(
Public
Law
84
 
911)
provided
grants
to
states
for
practical
nurse
training.
1958
National
Defense
Education
Act
(
Public
Law
85
 
864)
provided
assistance
to
state
and
local
school
systems
for
strengthening
instruction
in
science,
mathematics,
modern
foreign
languages,
and
other
critical
subjects;
improvement
of
state
statistical
services;
guidance,
counseling,
and
testing
services
and
training
institutes;
higher
education
student
loans
and
fellowships;
foreign
language
study
and
training
provided
by
colleges
and
universities;
experimentation
and
dissemination
of
information
on
more
effective
utilization
of
television,
motion
pictures,
and
related
media
for
educational
purposes;
and
vocational
education
for
technical
occupations
necessary
to
the
national
defense.

Education
of
Mentally
Retarded
Children
Act
(
Public
Law
85
 
926)
authorized
federal
assistance
for
training
teachers
of
the
handicapped

Captioned
Films
for
the
Deaf
Act
(
Public
Law
85
 
905)
authorized
a
loan
service
of
captioned
films
for
the
deaf.

1961
Area
Redevelopment
Act
(
Public
Law
87
 
27)
included
provisions
for
training
or
retraining
of
persons
in
redevelopment
areas.

1962
Manpower
Development
and
Training
Act
(
Public
Law
87
 
415)
provided
training
in
new
and
improved
skills
for
the
unemployed
and
underemployed

Migration
and
Refugee
Assistance
Act
of
1962
(
Public
Law
87
 
510)
authorized
loans,
advances
and
grants
for
education
and
training
of
refugees.

1963
Health
Professions
Educational
Assistance
Act
of
1963
(
Public
Law
88
 
129)
provided
funds
to
expand
teaching
facilities
and
for
loans
to
students
in
the
health
professions.

Vocational
Education
Act
of
1963
(
Part
of
Public
Law
88
 
210)
increased
federal
support
of
vocational
education
schools;
vocational
work­
study
programs;
and
research,
training,
and
demonstrations
in
vocational
education.

Higher
Education
Facilities
Act
of
1963
(
Public
Law
88
 
204)
authorized
grants
and
loans
for
classrooms,
libraries,
and
laboratories
in
public
community
colleges
and
technical
institutes
as
well
as
undergraduate
and
graduate
facilities
in
other
institutions
of
higher
education

1964
Civil
Rights
Act
of
1964
(
Public
Law
88
 
352)
authorized
the
Commissioner
of
Education
to
arrange
for
support
for
institutions
of
higher
412
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
education
and
school
districts
to
provide
inservice
programs
for
assisting
instructional
staff
in
dealing
with
problems
caused
by
desegregation

Economic
Opportunity
Act
of
1964
(
Public
Law
88
 
452)
authorized
grants
for
college
workstudy
programs
for
students
from
low­
income
families;
established
a
Job
Corps
program
and
authorized
support
for
work­
training
programs
to
provide
education
and
vocational
training
and
work
experience
opportunities
in
welfare
programs;
authorized
support
of
education
and
training
activities
and
of
community
action
programs,
including
Head
Start,
Follow
Through,
and
Upward
Bound;
and
authorized
the
establishment
of
Volunteers
in
Service
to
America
(
VISTA).

1965
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
(
Public
Law
89
 
10)
authorized
grants
for
elementary
and
secondary
school
programs
for
children
of
low­
income
families;
school
library
resources,
textbooks,
and
other
instructional
materials
for
school
children;
supplementary
educational
centers
and
services
strengthening
state
education
agencies;
and
educational
research
and
research
training

Health
Professions
Educational
Assistance
Amendments
of
1965
(
Public
Law
89
 
290)
authorized
scholarships
to
aid
needy
students
in
the
health
professions.

Higher
Education
Act
of
1965
(
Public
Law
89
 
329)
provided
grants
for
university
community
service
programs,
college
library
assistance,
library
training
and
research,
strengthening
developing
institutions,
teacher
training
programs
and
undergraduate
instructional
equipment.
Authorized
insured
student
loans,
established
a
National
Teacher
Corps,
and
provided
for
graduate
teacher
training
fellowships

National
Foundation
on
the
Arts
and
the
Humanities
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
209)
authorized
grants
and
loans
for
projects
in
the
creative
and
performing
arts
and
for
research,
training
and
scholarly
publications
in
the
humanities

National
Technical
Institute
for
the
Deaf
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
36)
provided
for
the
establishment
construction,
equipping,
and
operation
of
a
residential
school
for
postsecondary
education
and
technical
training
of
the
deaf.
School
Assistance
in
Disaster
Areas
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
313)
provided
for
assistance
to
local
education
agencies
to
help
meet
exceptional
costs
resulting
from
a
major
disaster.

1966
International
Education
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
698)
provided
grants
to
institutions
of
higher
education
for
the
establishment,
strengthening
and
operation
of
centers
for
research
and
training
in
international
studies
and
the
international
aspects
of
other
fields
of
study.

National
Sea
Grant
College
and
Program
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
688)
authorized
the
establishment
and
operation
of
Sea
Grant
Colleges
and
programs
by
initiating
and
supporting
programs
of
education
and
research
in
the
various
fields
relating
to
the
development
of
marine
resources.

Adult
Education
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
750)
authorized
grants
to
states
for
the
encouragement
and
expansion
of
educational
programs
for
adults,
including
training
of
teachers
of
adults
and
demonstrations
in
adult
education
(
previously
part
of
Economic
Opportunity
Act
of
1964).

Model
Secondary
School
for
the
Deaf
Act
(
Public
Law
89
 
694)
authorized
the
establishment
and
operation,
by
Gallaudet
College,
of
a
model
secondary
school
for
the
deaf.

1967
Education
Professions
Development
Act
(
Public
Law
90
 
35)
amended
the
Higher
Education
Act
of
1965
for
the
purpose
of
improving
the
quality
of
teaching
and
to
help
meet
critical
shortages
of
adequately
trained
educational
personnel.

Public
Broadcasting
Act
of
1967
(
Public
Law
90
 
129)
established
a
Corporation
for
Public
Broadcasting
to
assume
major
responsibility
in
channeling
federal
funds
to
noncommercial
radio
and
television
stations,
program
production
groups,
and
ETV
networks;
conduct
research
demonstration,
or
training
in
matters
related
to
noncommercial
broadcasting;
and
award
grants
for
construction
of
educational
radio
and
television
facilities.

1968
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Amendments
of
1968
(
Public
Law
90
 
247)
modified
existing
programs,
authorized
support
of
regional
centers
for
education
of
handicapped
children,
model
centers
and
services
for
deafblind
children,
recruitment
of
personnel
and
dissemination
of
information
on
education
of
the
handicapped;
technical
assistance
in
education
to
rural
areas;
support
of
dropout
pre­
413
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
vention
projects;
and
support
of
bilingual
education
programs.

Handicapped
Children's
Early
Education
Assistance
Act
(
Public
Law
90
 
538)
authorized
preschool
and
early
education
programs
for
handicapped
children.

Vocational
Education
Amendments
of
1968
(
Public
Law
90
 
576)
modified
existing
programs
and
provided
for
a
National
Advisory
Council
on
Vocational
Education
and
collection
and
dissemination
of
information
for
programs
administered
by
the
Commissioner
of
Education.

1970
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Assistance
Programs,
Extension
(
Public
Law
91
 
230)
authorized
comprehensive
planning
and
evaluation
grants
to
state
and
local
education
agencies;
provided
for
the
establishment
of
a
National
Commission
on
School
Finance.

National
Commission
on
Libraries
and
Information
Services
Act
(
Public
Law
91
 
345)
established
a
National
Commission
on
Libraries
and
Information
Science
to
effectively
utilize
the
nation's
educational
resources.

Office
of
Education
Appropriation
Act
(
Public
Law
91
 
380)
provided
emergency
school
assistance
to
desegregating
local
education
agencies.

Environmental
Education
Act
(
Public
Law
91
 
516)
established
an
Office
of
Environmental
Education
to
develop
curriculum
and
initiate
and
maintain
environmental
education
programs
at
the
elementary­
secondary
levels;
disseminate
information;
provide
training
programs
for
teachers
and
other
educational,
public,
community,
labor,
and
industrial
leaders
and
employees;
provide
community
education
programs;
and
distribute
material
dealing
with
the
environment
and
ecology.

Drug
Abuse
Education
Act
of
1970
(
Public
Law
91
 
527)
provided
for
development,
demonstration
and
evaluation
of
curricula
on
the
problems
of
drug
abuse.

1971
Comprehensive
Health
Manpower
Training
Act
of
1971
(
Public
Law
92
 
257)
amended
Title
VII
of
the
Public
Health
Service
Act,
increasing
and
expanding
provisions
for
health
manpower
training
and
training
facilities.

1972
Drug
Abuse
Office
and
Treatment
Act
of
1972
(
Public
Law
92
 
255)
established
a
Special
Action
Office
for
Drug
Abuse
Prevention
to
provide
overall
planning
and
policy
for
all
federal
drug­
abuse
prevention
functions;
a
National
Advisory
Council
for
Drug
Abuse
Prevention
community
assistance
grants
for
community
mental
health
centers
for
treatment
and
rehabilitation
of
persons
with
drugabuse
problems,
and,
in
December
1974,
a
National
Institute
on
Drug
Abuse.

Education
Amendments
of
1972
(
Public
Law
92
 
318)
established
the
Education
Division
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare
and
the
National
Institute
of
Education
general
aid
for
institutions
of
higher
education;
federal
matching
grants
for
state
Student
Incentive
Grants;
a
National
Commission
on
Financing
Postsecondary
Education;
State
Advisory
Councils
on
Community
Colleges
a
Bureau
of
Occupational
and
Adult
Education
and
State
Grants
for
the
design,
establishment,
and
conduct
of
postsecondary
occupational
education;
and
a
bureau­
level
Office
of
Indian
Education.
Amended
current
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
programs
to
increase
their
effectiveness
and
better
meet
special
needs.
Prohibited
sex
bias
in
admission
to
vocational,
professional,
and
graduate
schools,
and
public
institutions
of
undergraduate
higher
education.

1973
Older
Americans
Comprehensive
Services
Amendment
of
1973
(
Public
Law
93
 
29)
made
available
to
older
citizens
comprehensive
programs
of
health,
education,
and
social
services.

Comprehensive
Employment
and
Training
Act
of
1973
(
Public
Law
93
 
203)
provided
for
opportunities
for
employment
and
training
to
unemployed
and
underemployed
persons.
Extended
and
expanded
provisions
in
the
Manpower
Development
and
Training
Act
of
1962,
Title
I
of
the
Economic
Opportunity
Act
of
1962,
Title
I
of
the
Economic
Opportunity
Act
of
1964,
and
the
Emergency
Employment
Act
of
1971
as
in
effect
prior
to
June
30,
1973.

1974
Education
Amendments
of
1974
(
Public
Law
93
 
380)
provided
for
the
consolidation
of
certain
programs;
and
established
a
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.

Juvenile
Justice
and
Delinquency
Prevention
Act
of
1974
(
Public
Law
93
 
415)
provided
for
technical
assistance,
staff
training,
centralized
research,
and
resources
to
develop
and
implement
programs
to
keep
students
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools;
and
established
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Justice,
a
414
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
National
Institute
for
Juvenile
Justice
and
Delinquency
Prevention.

1975
Indian
Self­
Determination
and
Education
Assistance
Act
(
Public
Law
93
 
638)
provided
for
increased
participation
of
Indians
in
the
establishment
and
conduct
of
their
education
programs
and
services.

Harry
S
Truman
Memorial
Scholarship
Act
(
Public
Law
93
 
642)
established
the
Harry
S
Truman
Scholarship
Foundation
and
created
a
perpetual
education
scholarship
fund
for
young
Americans
to
prepare
and
pursue
careers
in
public
service.

Indochina
Migration
and
Refugee
Assistance
Act
of
1975
(
Public
Law
94
 
23)
authorized
funds
to
be
used
for
education
and
training
of
aliens
who
have
fled
from
Cambodia
or
Vietnam

Education
for
All
Handicapped
Children
Act
(
Public
Law
94
 
142)
provided
that
all
handicapped
children
have
available
to
them
a
free
appropriate
education
designed
to
meet
their
unique
needs.

1976
Educational
Broadcasting
Facilities
and
Telecommunications
Demonstration
Act
of
1976
(
Public
Law
94
 
309)
established
a
telecommunications
demonstration
program
to
promote
the
development
of
nonbroadcast
telecommunications
facilities
and
services
for
the
transmission,
distribution,
and
delivery
of
health,
education,
and
public
or
social
service
information.

1977
Youth
Employment
and
Demonstration
Projects
Act
of
1977
(
Public
Law
95
 
93)
established
a
youth
employment
training
program
that
includes
among
other
activities,
promoting
education­
to­
work
transition,
literacy
training
and
bilingual
training,
and
attainment
of
certificates
of
high
school
equivalency.

Career
Education
Incentive
Act
(
Public
Law
95
 
207)
authorized
the
establishment
of
a
career
education
program
for
elementary
and
secondary
schools.

1978
Tribally
Controlled
Community
College
Assistance
Act
of
1978
(
Public
Law
95
 
471)
provided
federal
funds
for
the
operation
and
improvement
of
tribally
controlled
community
colleges
for
Indian
students.

Education
Amendments
of
1978
(
Public
Law
95
 
561)
established
a
comprehensive
basic
skills
program
aimed
at
improving
pupil
achievement
(
replaced
the
existing
National
Reading
Improvement
program);
and
established
a
community
schools
program
to
provide
for
the
use
of
public
buildings.

Middle
Income
Student
Assistance
Act
(
Public
Law
95
 
566)
modified
the
provisions
for
student
financial
assistance
programs
to
allow
middle­
income
as
well
as
low­
income
students
attending
college
or
other
postsecondary
institutions
to
qualify
for
federal
education
assistance.

1979
Department
of
Education
Organization
Act
(
Public
Law
96
 
88)
established
a
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
containing
functions
from
the
Education
Division
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare
along
with
other
selected
education
programs
from
HEW,
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Justice,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
and
the
National
Science
Foundation.

1980
Asbestos
School
Hazard
Detection
and
Control
Act
of
1980
(
Public
Law
96
 
270)
established
a
program
for
inspection
of
schools
for
detection
of
hazardous
asbestos
materials
and
provided
loans
to
assist
educational
agencies
to
contain
or
remove
and
replace
such
materials

1981
Education
Consolidation
and
Improvement
Act
of
1981
(
Part
of
Public
Law
97
 
35)
consolidated
42
programs
into
7
programs
to
be
funded
under
the
elementary
and
secondary
block
grant
authority.

1983
Student
Loan
Consolidation
and
Technical
Amendments
Act
of
1983
(
Public
Law
98
 
79)
established
an
8
percent
interest
rate
for
Guaranteed
Student
Loans
and
extended
Family
Contribution
Schedule.

Challenge
Grant
Amendments
of
1983
(
Public
Law
98
 
95)
amended
Title
III,
Higher
Education
Act,
and
added
authorization
of
Challenge
Grant
program.
The
Challenge
Grant
program
provides
funds
to
eligible
institutions
on
a
matching
basis
as
an
incentive
to
seek
alternative
sources
of
funding.

Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
Amendments
of
1983
(
Public
Law
98
 
199)
added
the
Architectural
Barrier
amendment
and
clarified
participation
of
handicapped
children
in
private
schools.

1984
Education
for
Economic
Security
Act
(
Public
Law
98
 
377)
added
new
science
and
mathematics
programs
for
elementary,
secondary,
and
postsecondary
education.
The
new
programs
included
magnet
schools,
excellence
in
education,
and
equal
access.
415
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
Carl
D.
Perkins
Vocational
Education
Act
(
Public
Law
98
 
524)
continued
federal
assistance
for
vocational
education
through
FY
1989.
The
act
replaced
the
Vocational
Education
Act
of
1963.
It
provided
aid
to
the
states
to
make
vocational
education
programs
accessible
to
all
persons,
including
handicapped
and
disadvantaged,
single
parents
and
homemakers
and
the
incarcerated.

Human
Services
Reauthorization
Act
(
Public
Law
98
 
558)
created
a
Carl
D.
Perkins
scholarship
program,
a
National
Talented
Teachers
Fellowship
program,
a
Federal
Merit
Scholarships
program,
and
a
Leadership
in
Educational
Administration
program.

1985
Montgomery
GI
Bill
 
Active
Duty
(
Public
Law
98
 
525),
brought
about
a
new
GI
Bill
for
individuals
who
initially
entered
active
military
duty
on
or
after
July
1,
1985.

Montgomery
GI
Bill
 
Selected
Reserve
(
Public
Law
98
 
525),
is
an
education
program
for
members
of
the
Selected
Reserve
(
which
includes
the
National
Guard)
who
enlist,
reenlist
or
extend
an
enlistment
after
June
30,
1985,
for
a
6­
year
period.

1986
Handicapped
Children's
Protection
Act
of
1986
(
Public
Law
99
 
372)
allowed
parents
of
handicapped
children
to
collect
attorneys'
fees
in
cases
brought
under
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
and
provided
that
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
does
not
preempt
other
laws,
such
as
Section
504
of
the
Rehabilitation
Act.

Drug­
Free
Schools
and
Communities
Act
of
1986
(
Part
of
Public
Law
99
 
570),
part
of
the
Anti­
Drug
Abuse
Act
of
1986,
authorized
funding
for
FYs
1987
 
89.
Established
programs
for
drug
abuse
education
and
prevention
coordinated
with
related
community
efforts
and
resources,
through
the
use
of
federal
financial
assistance.

1987
Higher
Education
Act
Amendments
of
1987
(
Public
Law
100
 
50)
made
technical
corrections
clarifications,
or
conforming
amendments
related
to
the
enactment
of
the
Higher
Education
Amendments
of
1986.

1988
Augustus
F.
Hawkins­
Robert
T.
Stafford
Elementary
and
Secondary
School
Improvement
Amendments
of
1988
(
Public
Law
100
 
297)
reauthorized
through
1993
major
elementary
and
secondary
education
programs
including:
Chapter
1,
Chapter
2,
Bilingual
Education,
Math­
Science
Education,
Magnet
Schools,
Impact
Aid,
Indian
Education,
Adult
Education
and
other
smaller
education
programs.

Technology­
Related
Assistance
for
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Act
of
1988
(
Public
Law
100
 
407)
provided
financial
assistance
to
states
to
develop
and
implement
consumer­
responsive
statewide
programs
of
technology­
related
assistance
for
persons
of
all
ages
with
disabilities

Stewart
B.
McKinney
Homeless
Assistance
Amendments
Act
of
1988
(
Public
Law
100
 
628)
extended
for
two
additional
years
programs
providing
assistance
to
the
homeless,
including
literacy
training
for
homeless
adults
and
education
for
homeless
youths.

Tax
Reform
Technical
Amendments
(
Public
Law
100
 
647)
authorized
an
Education
Savings
Bond
for
the
purpose
of
postsecondary
educational
expenses.
The
bill
grants
tax
exclusion
for
interest
earned
on
regular
series
EE
savings
bonds.

1989
Children
with
Disabilities
Temporary
Care
Reauthorization
Act
of
1989
(
Public
Law
101
 
127)
revised
and
extended
the
programs
established
in
the
Temporary
Child
Care
for
Handicapped
Children
and
Crises
Nurseries
Act
of
1986.

Childhood
Education
and
Development
Act
of
1989
(
Part
of
Public
Law
101
 
239)
authorized
the
appropriations
to
expand
Head
Start
Programs
and
programs
carried
out
under
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
to
include
child
care
services.

1990
Excellence
in
Mathematics,
Science
and
Engineering
Education
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
589)
was
intended
to
promote
excellence
in
American
mathematics,
science,
and
engineering
education
by
creating
a
national
mathematics
and
science
clearinghouse,
and
creating
several
other
mathematics,
science,
and
engineering
education
programs.

Student
Right­
To­
Know
and
Campus
Security
Act
(
Public
Law
101
 
542)
requires
institutions
of
higher
education
receiving
federal
financial
assistance
to
provide
certain
information
with
respect
to
the
graduation
rates
of
student­
athletes
at
such
institutions.
The
act
also
requires
the
institution
to
certify
that
it
has
a
campus
security
policy
and
will
annually
submit
a
uniform
crime
report
to
the
Federal
Bureau
of
Investigation
(
FBI).
416
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
Americans
with
Disabilities
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
336)
prohibits
discrimination
against
persons
with
disabilities.

National
and
Community
Service
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
610)
increased
school
and
college­
based
community
service
opportunities
and
authorized
the
President's
Points
of
Light
Foundation.

School
Dropout
Prevention
and
Basic
Skills
Improvement
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
600)
was
intended
to
improve
secondary
school
programs
for
basic
skills
improvements
and
dropout
reduction.

Asbestos
School
Hazard
Abatement
Reauthorization
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
637)
reauthorized
the
Asbestos
School
Hazard
Abatement
Act
of
1984,
which
provided
financial
support
to
elementary
and
secondary
schools
to
inspect
for
asbestos
and
to
develop
and
implement
an
asbestos
management
plan.

Eisenhower
Exchange
Fellowship
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
454)
provided
a
permanent
endowment
for
the
Eisenhower
Exchange
Fellowship
Program.

Omnibus
Budget
Reconciliation
Act
of
1990
(
Public
Law
101
 
508)
included
a
set
of
student
aid
provisions
that
were
estimated
to
yield
a
savings
of
$
2
billion
over
5
years.
These
provisions
included
delayed
Guaranteed
Student
Loan
disbursements,
tightened
ability­
to­
benefit
eligibility,
and
expanded
pro
rata
refund
policy
and
the
elimination
of
student
aid
eligibility
at
high
default
schools.

1991
National
Literacy
Act
of
1991
(
Public
Law
102
 
73)
established
the
National
Institute
for
Literacy
the
National
Institute
Board,
and
the
Interagency
Task
Force
on
Literacy.
Amended
various
federal
laws
to
establish
and
extend
various
literacy
programs.

High­
Performance
Computing
Act
of
1991
(
Public
Law
102
 
194)
directed
the
President
to
implement
a
National
High­
Performance
Computing
Program.
Provided
for:
(
1)
establishment
of
a
National
Research
and
Education
Network;
(
2)
standards
and
guidelines
for
high
performance
networks;
and
(
3)
the
responsibility
of
certain
federal
departments
and
agencies
with
regard
to
the
Network.

Veterans'
Educational
Assistance
Amendments
of
1991
(
Public
Law
102
 
127)
restored
certain
educational
benefits
available
to
reserve
and
active­
duty
personnel
under
the
Montgomery
GI
Bill
to
students
whose
course
studies
were
interrupted
by
the
Persian
Gulf
War.

Civil
Rights
Act
of
1991
(
Public
Law
102
 
166)
amended
the
Civil
Rights
Act
of
1964,
the
Age
Discrimination
in
Employment
Act
of
1967,
and
the
Americans
with
Disabilities
Act
of
1990,
with
regard
to
employment
discrimination
Established
the
Technical
Assistance
Training
Institute.

1992
Higher
Education
Amendments
of
1992
(
Public
Law
102
 
325)
amended
the
Higher
Education
Act
of
1965
to
revise
and
reauthorize
funding
for
its
various
programs.

Ready­
To­
Learn
Act
(
Public
Law
102
 
545)
amended
the
General
Education
Provisions
Act
to
establish
Ready­
To­
Learn
Television
programs
to
support
educational
programming
and
support
materials
for
preschool
and
elementary
school
children
and
their
parents,
child
care
providers,
and
educators.

National
Commission
on
Time
and
Learning,
Extension
(
Public
Law
102
 
359)
amended
the
National
Education
Commission
on
Time
and
Learning
Act
to
extend
the
authorization
of
appropriations
for
such
Commission,
amended
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
to
revise
provisions
for
(
1)
a
specified
civic
education
program;
and
(
2)
schoolwide
projects
for
educationally
disadvantaged
children,
and
provided
for
additional
Assistant
Secretaries
of
Education.

1993
Student
Loan
Reform
Act
(
Public
Law
103
 
66)
reformed
the
student
aid
process
by
phasing
in
a
system
of
direct
lending
designed
to
provide
savings
for
taxpayers
and
students.
Allows
students
to
choose
among
a
variety
of
repayment
options,
including
income
contingency

National
Service
Trust
Act
(
Public
Law
103
 
82)
amended
the
National
and
Community
Service
Act
of
1990
to
establish
a
Corporation
for
National
Service
and
enhance
opportunities
for
national
service.
In
addition,
the
Act
provided
education
grants
up
to
$
4,725
per
year
for
2
years
to
people
age
17
years
or
older
who
perform
community
service
before,
during
or
after
postsecondary
education.

NAEP
Assessment
Authorization
(
Public
Law
103
 
33)
authorizes
the
use
of
NAEP
for
state­
by­
state
comparisons.

1994
Goals
2000:
Educate
America
Act
(
Public
Law
103
 
227)
established
a
new
federal
partner­
417
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
ship
through
a
system
of
grants
to
states
and
local
communities
to
reform
the
nation's
education
system.
The
Act
formalized
the
national
education
goals
and
established
the
National
Education
Goals
Panel.
It
also
created
a
National
Education
Standards
and
Improvement
Council
(
NESIC)
to
provide
voluntary
national
certification
of
state
and
local
education
standards
and
assessments
and
established
the
National
Skill
Standards
Board
to
develop
voluntary
national
skill
standards.

School­
To­
Work
Opportunities
Act
of
1994
(
Public
Law
103
 
239)
established
a
national
framework
within
which
states
and
communities
can
develop
School­
To­
Work
Opportunities
systems
to
prepare
young
people
for
first
jobs
and
continuing
education.
The
Act
also
provided
money
to
states
and
communities
to
develop
a
system
of
programs
that
include
work­
based
learning,
school­
based
learning,
and
connecting
activities
components
School­
To­
Work
programs
will
provide
students
with
a
high
school
diploma
(
or
its
equivalent),
a
nationally
recognized
skill
certificate
or
an
associate
degree
(
if
appropriate
and
may
lead
to
a
first
job
or
further
education.

Safe
Schools
Act
of
1994
(
Part
of
Public
Law
103
 
227)
authorized
the
award
of
competitive
grants
to
local
educational
agencies
with
serious
crime
to
implement
violence
prevention
activities
such
as
conflict
resolution
and
peer
mediation.

Educational
Research,
Development,
Dissemination
and
Improvement
Act
of
1994
(
Part
of
Public
Law
103
 
227)
authorized
the
educational
research
and
dissemination
activities
of
the
Office
of
Educational
Research
and
Improvement
The
regional
educational
laboratories
and
university­
based
research
and
development
centers
are
authorized
under
this
act.

Student
Loan
Default
Exemption
Extension
(
Public
Law
103
 
235)
amended
the
Higher
Education
Act
of
1965
to
extend
until
July
1,
1998,
the
effective
date
for
cohort
default
rate
extension
for
Historically
Black
Colleges
and
Universities,
tribally
controlled
community
colleges
and
Navajo
community
colleges.

Improving
America's
Schools
Act
(
Public
Law
103
 
382)
reauthorized
and
revamped
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act.
The
legislation
includes
Title
I,
the
federal
government's
largest
program
providing
educational
assistance
to
disadvantaged
children;
professional
development
and
technical
assistance
programs;
a
safe
and
drug­
free
schools
and
communities
provision;
and
provisions
promoting
school
equity.

1995
Amendment
to
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
(
Public
Law
104
 
5)
amended
a
provision
of
Part
A
of
Title
IX
of
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
relating
to
Indian
education,
to
provide
a
technical
amendment
and
for
other
purposes.

1996
Contract
With
America:
Unfunded
Mandates
(
Public
Law
104
 
4)
a
bill
to
curb
the
practice
of
imposing
unfunded
federal
mandates
on
states
and
local
governments;
to
strengthen
the
partnership
between
the
federal
government
and
state,
local,
and
tribal
governments;
to
end
the
imposition,
in
the
absence
of
full
consideration
by
Congress,
of
federal
mandates
on
state,
local,
and
tribal
governments
without
adequate
funding,
in
a
manner
that
may
displace
other
essential
governmental
priorities
and
to
ensure
that
the
federal
government
pays
the
costs
incurred
by
those
governments
in
complying
with
certain
requirements
under
federal
statutes
and
regulations
and
for
other
purposes.

Developmental
Disabilities
Assistance
and
Bill
of
Rights
Act
Amendments
of
1996
(
Public
Law
104
 
1834)
amended
the
Developmental
Disabilities
Assistance
and
Bill
of
Rights
Act
to
extend
the
act,
and
for
other
purposes.

Remove
Grant
Limits
on
Historically
Black
Colleges
(
Public
Law
104
 
141)
amended
section
326
of
the
Higher
Education
Act
of
1965
to
permit
continued
participation
by
historically
black
graduate
and
professional
schools
in
the
grant
program
authorized
by
that
section.

Correct
Impact­
Aid
Payments
(
Public
Law
104
 
195)
amends
the
Impact
Aid
Program
to
provide
for
a
hold­
harmless
with
respect
to
amounts
for
payments
relating
to
the
federal
acquisition
of
real
property,
and
for
other
purposes

Human
Rights,
Refugee,
and
Other
Foreign
Relations
Provisions
Act
of
1996
(
Public
Law
104
 
319)
made
certain
provisions
with
respect
to
internationally
recognized
human
rights,
refugees,
and
foreign
relations
to
revise
U.
S.
human
rights
policy.

1997
Need­
Based
Educational
Aid
Antitrust
Protection
Act
of
1997
(
Public
Law
105
 
43)
amends
418
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
the
Improving
America's
Schools
Act
of
1994
to
clarify
the
financial
information
exchanged
between
institutions
of
higher
education.

The
Taxpayer
Relief
Act
of
1997
(
Public
Law
105
 
34)
enacted
the
Hope
Scholarship
and
Life­
Long
Learning
Tax
Credit
provisions
into
law.

Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
Amendments
of
1997
(
Public
Law
105
 
17)
amended
the
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
(
IDEA)
to
revise
its
provisions
and
extend
through
fiscal
year
2002
the
authorization
of
appropriations
for
IDEA
programs.

Emergency
Student
Loan
Consolidation
Act
of
1997
(
Public
Law
105
 
78)
amends
the
Higher
Education
Act
to
provide
for
improved
student
loan
consolidation
services.

1998
Workforce
Investment
Act
of
1998
(
Public
Law
105
 
220)
enacted
the
Adult
Education
and
Family
Literacy
Act,
and
substantially
revised
and
extended,
through
fiscal
year
2003,
the
Rehabilitation
Act
of
1973.

Higher
Education
Amendments
of
1998
(
Public
Law
105
 
244)
substantially
amended,
and
reauthorized
through
fiscal
year
2003,
the
Higher
Education
Act
of
1965.

Omnibus
Consolidated
and
Emergency
Supplemental
Appropriations
Act,
1999
(
Public
Law
105
 
277)
enacted
the
Reading
Excellence
Act,
to
promote
the
ability
of
children
to
read
independently
by
the
3rd
grade;
earmarked
funds
to
help
states
and
school
districts
reduce
class
sizes
in
the
early
grades.

Charter
School
Expansion
Act
(
Public
Law
105
 
278)
amended
the
charter
school
program
enacted
in
1994
as
Title
X,
Part
C
of
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965.

Carl
D.
Perkins
Vocational
and
Applied
Technology
Education
Amendments
of
1998
(
Public
Law
105
 
332)
revised,
in
its
entirety,
the
Carl
D.
Perkins
Vocational
and
Applied
Technology
Eduation
Act,
and
reauthorized
the
Act
through
fiscal
year
2003.

Assistive
Technology
Act
of
1998
(
Public
Law
105
 
394)
replaced
the
Technology­
Related
Assistance
for
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Act
of
1988
with
a
new
Act,
authorized
through
fiscal
year
2004,
to
address
the
assistivetechnology
needs
of
individuals
with
disabilities

1999
Education
Flexibility
Partnership
Act
of
1999
(
Public
Law
106
 
25)
authorizes
the
Secretary
of
Education
to
allow
all
states
to
participate
in
the
Education
Flexibility
Partnership
program

District
of
Columbia
College
Access
Act
of
1999
(
Public
Law
106
 
98)
establishes
a
program
to
afford
high
school
graduates
from
the
District
of
Columbia
the
benefits
of
in­
state
tuition
at
state
colleges
and
universities
outside
the
District
of
Columbia.

Ticket
to
Work
and
Work
Incentives
Improvement
Act
of
1999
(
Public
Law
106
 
170)
amends
the
Social
Security
Act
to
expand
the
availability
of
health
care
coverage
for
working
individuals
with
disabilities
and
establishes
a
Ticket
to
Work
and
Self­
Sufficiency
Program
in
the
Social
Security
Administration
to
provide
such
individuals
with
meaningful
opportunities
to
work.

2000
The
National
Defense
Authorization
Act
for
Fiscal
Year
2001
(
Public
Law
106
 
398)
includes
as
Title
XVIII,
the
Impact
Aid
Reauthorization
Act
of
2000,
which
extends
the
Impact
Aid
programs
through
fiscal
year
2003.

College
Scholarship
Fraud
Prevention
Act
of
2000
(
Public
Law
106
 
420)
enhanced
federal
penalties
for
offenses
involving
scholarship
fraud,
requires
an
annual
scholarship
fraud
report
by
the
Attorney
General,
the
Secretary
of
Education,
and
the
Federal
Trade
Commission
(
FTC),
and
requires
the
Secretary
of
Education,
in
conjunction
with
the
FTC,
to
maintain
a
scholarship
fraud
awareness
Web
site.

Consolidated
Appropriations
Act
2001
(
Public
Law
106
 
554)
created
a
new
program
of
assistance
for
school
repair
and
renovation,
and
amended
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
of
1965
to
authorize
credit
enhancement
initiatives
to
help
charter
schools
obtain,
construct,
or
repair
facilities;
to
reauthorize
the
Even
Start
program;
and
enacted
the
``
Children's
Internet
Protection
Act.''
419
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
Department
of
Interior,
1.2%
Department
of
Agriculture,
11.9%
Department
of
Education,
39.6%

Department
of
Defense,
4.8%

Department
of
Energy,
3.8%

Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
21.0%
Department
of
Labor,
6.1%
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs,
2.3%
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration,
2.3%
National
Science
Foundation,
3.8%
Other,
3.3%

Total
=
$
92.8
billion
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Fiscal
Year
2002;
and
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
Fiscal
Years
1999,
2000,
and
2001.
Figure
20.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
agency:
Fiscal
year
2001
420
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
FOR
EDUCATION
AND
RELATED
ACTIVITIES
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
Fiscal
year
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
In
billions
of
constant
FY
2001dollars
Figure
21.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose:
1965
to
2001
48
13.4
16.8
16.6
1.7
3.5
Figure
22.
 
Department
of
Education
outlays,
by
type
of
recipient:
Fiscal
year
2001
Elementary
and
secondary
Other
education
Postsecondary
Research
at
educational
institutions
State
education
agencies,
13.4%
Local
education
agencies,
48.0%

Other
and
multiple
types
of
recipients,
3.5%

Federal,
1.7%

Postsecondary
institutions,
16.6%

Postsecondary
students,
16.8%

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Fiscal
Year
2002;
Catalog
of
Federal
Domestic
Assistance;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development
,
Fiscal
Years
1999,
2000,
and
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
fiscal
years
1967
to
2002;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
fiscal
years
1967
to
2001;
and
unpublished
data.
$

Total
outlays
=
$
36.8
billion
421
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
362.
 
Federal
support
and
estimated
federal
tax
expenditures
for
education,
by
category:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
[
In
millions
of
dollars]

Fiscal
year
Total
on­
budget
support,

offbudget
support,
and
nonfederal
funds
generated
by
federal
legislation
On­
budget
support
1
Off­
budget
support
and
nonfederal
funds
generated
by
federal
legislation
Estimated
federal
tax
expenditures
for
education
9
Total
Elementary
and
secondary
Postsecondary
Other
education
Research
at
educational
institutions
Total
Off­
budget
support
Nonfederal
funds
Federal
Direct
Student
Loans
2
Federal
Family
Education
Loans
3
Perkins
Loans
4
Income
Contingent
Loans
5
Leveraging
Educational
Assistance
Partnerships
Programs
6
Supplemental
Educational
Opportunity
Grants
7
Work­

Study
aid
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Current
dollars
1965
..................
$
5,354.7
$
5,331.0
$
1,942.6
$
1,197.5
$
374.7
$
1,816.3
$
23.7
 
 
$
16.1
 
 
 
$
7.6
 
1970
..................
13,359.1
12,526.5
5,830.4
3,447.7
964.7
2,283.6
832.6
 
$
770.0
21.0
 
 
 
41.6
 
1975
..................
24,691.5
23,288.1
10,617.2
7,644.0
1,608.5
3,418.4
1,403.4
 
1,233.0
35.7
 
$
20.0
 
114.7
$
8,605.0
1980
..................
39,349.5
34,493.5
16,027.7
11,115.9
1,548.7
5,801.2
4,856.0
 
4,598.0
31.8
 
76.8
 
149.4
13,320.0
1985
..................
47,753.4
39,027.9
16,901.3
11,174.4
2,107.6
8,844.6
8,725.5
 
8,467.0
21.4
 
76.0
 
161.1
19,105.0
1986
..................
48,357.3
39,962.9
17,049.9
11,283.6
2,620.0
9,009.4
8,394.4
 
8,142.0
20.2
 
72.7
 
159.5
20,425.0
1987
..................
50,724.6
41,194.7
17,535.7
10,300.0
2,820.4
10,538.6
9,529.8
 
9,272.0
20.9
$
0.6
76.0
 
160.4
20,830.0
1988
..................
54,078.7
43,454.4
18,564.9
10,657.5
2,981.6
11,250.5
10,624.3
 
10,380.0
20.6
0.5
72.8
 
150.4
17,025.0
1989
..................
59,537.4
48,269.6
19,809.5
13,269.9
3,180.3
12,009.8
11,267.8
 
10,938.0
20.4
0.5
71.9
$
22.0
215.0
17,755.0
1990
..................
62,811.5
51,624.3
21,984.4
13,650.9
3,383.0
12,606.0
11,187.2
 
10,826.0
15.0
0.5
59.2
48.8
237.7
19,040.0
1991
..................
70,375.6
57,599.5
25,418.0
14,707.4
3,698.6
13,775.4
12,776.1
 
12,372.0
17.3
0.5
63.5
87.7
235.0
18,995.0
1992
..................
74,481.1
60,483.1
27,926.9
14,387.4
3,992.0
14,176.9
13,998.0
 
13,568.0
17.3
0.5
72.0
97.2
242.9
19,950.0
1993
..................
84,741.5
67,740.6
30,834.3
17,844.0
4,107.2
14,955.1
17,000.8
 
16,524.0
29.3
 
72.4
184.6
190.5
21,010.0
1994
..................
92,781.5
68,254.2
32,304.4
16,177.1
4,483.7
15,289.1
24,527.3
$
813.0
23,214.0
52.7
 
72.4
184.6
190.5
22,630.0
1995
..................
95,810.8
71,639.5
33,623.8
17,618.1
4,719.7
15,677.9
24,171.2
5,161.0
18,519.0
52.7
 
63.4
184.6
190.5
24,600.0
1996
..................
96,833.0
71,327.4
34,391.5
15,775.5
4,828.0
16,332.3
25,505.6
8,357.0
16,711.0
31.1
 
31.4
184.6
190.5
26,340.0
1997
..................
103,259.8
73,731.8
35,478.9
15,959.4
5,021.2
17,272.4
29,528.0
9,838.0
19,163.0
52.7
 
50.0
184.6
239.7
28,125.0
1998
..................
107,810.5
76,909.2
37,486.2
15,799.6
5,148.5
18,475.0
30,901.3
10,400.1
20,002.5
45.0
 
25.0
194.3
234.4
29,540.0
1999
..................
113,417.2
82,863.6
39,937.9
17,651.2
5,318.0
19,956.5
30,553.6
9,953.0
20,107.0
33.3
 
25.0
195.9
239.4
37,360.0
2000
..................
119,100.0
85,502.6
43,809.0
15,010.4
5,485.1
21,198.0
33,597.4
10,347.0
22,711.0
33.3
 
50.0
199.7
256.4
39,475.0
2001
10
...............
128,149.7
92,774.5
48,707.0
15,310.1
5,976.4
22,781.1
35,375.2
10,860.0
23,903.0
33.3
 
80.0
218.7
280.2
41,460.0
Constant
fiscal
year
2001
dollars
11
1965
..................
$
28,838.4
$
28,710.7
$
10,461.9
$
6,449.3
$
2,017.7
$
9,781.7
$
127.7
 
 
$
86.8
 
 
 
$
40.9
 
1970
..................
57,523.6
53,938.5
25,105.6
14,845.6
4,154.0
9,833.3
3,585.0
 
$
3,315.6
90.3
 
 
 
179.1
 
1975
..................
74,729.7
70,482.4
32,133.4
23,135.0
4,868.1
10,346.0
4,247.3
 
3,731.7
107.9
 
$
60.5
 
347.1
$
26,043.4
1980
..................
80,474.0
70,543.0
32,778.4
22,733.2
3,167.3
11,864.1
9,931.0
 
9,403.4
65.0
 
157.1
 
305.5
27,240.9
1985
..................
72,821.6
59,515.6
25,773.7
17,040.4
3,214.0
13,487.6
13,305.9
 
12,911.8
32.6
 
115.9
 
245.7
29,134.2
1986
..................
71,966.7
59,473.9
25,374.2
16,792.6
3,899.2
13,408.0
12,492.8
 
12,117.2
30.1
 
108.2
 
237.4
30,397.1
1987
..................
73,473.2
59,669.5
25,400.0
14,919.3
4,085.3
15,264.9
13,803.7
 
13,430.3
30.3
$
0.8
110.1
 
232.3
30,171.7
1988
..................
75,925.8
61,009.4
26,064.8
14,963.0
4,186.1
15,795.5
14,916.4
 
14,573.4
29.0
0.7
102.2
 
211.2
23,902.8
1989
..................
80,602.5
65,347.9
26,818.4
17,964.9
4,305.6
16,259.0
15,254.5
 
14,808.0
27.6
0.7
97.3
$
29.8
291.1
24,036.9
1990
..................
82,256.6
67,606.1
28,790.2
17,876.9
4,430.3
16,508.6
14,650.5
 
14,177.5
19.7
0.7
77.5
63.9
311.3
24,934.4
1991
..................
88,264.7
72,241.0
31,879.2
18,446.0
4,638.8
17,277.1
16,023.7
 
15,516.9
21.8
0.6
79.7
110.0
294.7
23,823.4
1992
..................
90,351.0
73,370.3
33,877.3
17,452.9
4,842.5
17,197.6
16,980.6
 
16,459.0
21.0
0.7
87.3
118.0
294.7
24,200.8
1993
..................
100,268.5
80,152.6
36,484.0
21,113.5
4,859.7
17,695.3
20,115.9
 
19,551.7
34.6
 
85.7
218.4
225.5
24,859.6
1994
..................
107,549.9
79,118.5
37,446.4
18,752.0
5,197.4
17,722.7
28,431.4
$
942.4
26,909.1
61.1
 
84.0
214.0
220.9
26,232.1
1995
..................
108,480.9
81,113.2
38,070.3
19,948.0
5,343.8
17,751.2
27,367.7
5,843.5
20,968.0
59.6
 
71.8
209.0
215.7
27,853.1
1996
..................
107,116.6
78,902.3
38,043.9
17,450.9
5,340.8
18,066.8
28,214.3
9,244.5
18,485.7
34.4
 
34.7
204.2
210.7
29,137.3
1997
..................
111,909.5
79,908.1
38,450.8
17,296.3
5,441.8
18,719.2
32,001.4
10,662.1
20,768.2
57.1
 
54.2
200.1
259.8
30,480.9
1998
..................
115,372.0
82,303.4
40,115.3
16,907.7
5,509.6
19,770.8
33,068.6
11,129.5
21,405.4
48.2
 
26.8
207.9
250.8
31,611.8
1999
..................
119,351.3
87,199.1
42,027.5
18,574.7
5,596.3
21,000.6
32,152.2
10,473.8
21,159.0
35.0
 
26.3
206.1
251.9
39,314.7
2000
..................
122,227.0
87,747.5
44,959.2
15,404.5
5,629.1
21,754.6
34,479.5
10,618.7
23,307.3
34.2
 
51.3
204.9
263.1
40,511.4
2001
10
...............
128,149.7
92,774.5
48,707.0
15,310.1
5,976.4
22,781.1
35,375.2
10,860.0
23,903.0
33.3
 
80.0
218.7
280.2
41,460.0
 
Not
available
or
applicable.

1
On­
budget
support
includes
federal
funds
for
education
programs
tied
to
appropriations.

2
The
Federal
Direct
Student
Loan
(
FDSL)
program,
renamed
the
William
D.
Ford
Direct
Loan
program,
provides
students
with
the
same
benefits
they
are
currently
eligible
to
receive
under
the
Federal
Family
Education
Loan
(
FFEL)

program
but
provides
loans
to
students
through
federal
capital
rather
than
through
private
lenders.
This
program
is
an
off­
budget
support
program.

3
Formerly
the
Guaranteed
Student
Loan
program.
New
student
loans
guaranteed
by
the
federal
government
and
disbursed
to
borrowers.

4
Student
loans
created
from
institutional
matching
funds
(
since
1993
1/
3
of
federal
capital
contributions).
Excludes
repayments
of
outstanding
loans.

5
Student
loans
created
from
institutional
matching
funds
(
1/
9
of
the
federal
contribution).
This
was
a
demonstration
project
that
involved
only
10
institutions
and
had
unsubsidized
interest
rates.
Program
repealed
in
FY
1992.

6
Formerly
the
State
Student
Incentive
Grant
program.
Provides
dollar­
for­
dollar
required
state
matching
contributions.

Starting
in
fiscal
year
2000,
under
$
30.0
million
was
also
dollar­
for­
dollar
required
state
matching
contributions,
and
over
$
30.0
million,
the
state
matching
is
two­
to­
one.
7
Institutions
award
grants
to
undergraduate
students,
and
the
federal
share
of
such
grants
may
not
exceed
75
percent
of
the
total
grant.

8
Employer
contributions
to
student
earnings
is
generally
1/
3
of
federal
allocation.

9
Losses
of
tax
revenue
attributable
to
provisions
of
the
federal
income
tax
laws
that
allow
a
special
exclusion,

exemption
or
deduction
from
gross
income
or
provide
a
special
credit,
preferential
rate
of
tax,
or
a
deferral
of
tax
liability
affecting
individual
or
corporate
income
tax
liabilities.

10
Estimated.

11
Data
adjusted
by
the
federal
funds
composite
deflator
prepared
by
the
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget.

NOTE:
To
the
extent
possible,
federal
education
funds
data
represent
outlays
rather
than
obligations.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
compiled
from
data
appearing
in
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Appendix,
fiscal
years
1967
to
2002;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
fiscal
years
1965
to
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
422
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
363.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
agency:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Agency
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
1999
2000
2001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total
........................................................
$
5,331,016
$
12,526,499
$
23,288,120
$
34,493,502
$
39,027,876
$
51,624,342
$
71,639,520
$
82,863,596
$
85,502,629
$
92,774,545
Department
of
Education
................................
1,000,567
4,625,224
7,350,355
13,137,785
16,701,065
23,198,575
31,403,000
34,344,076
34,106,697
36,754,063
Department
of
Agriculture
...............................
768,927
960,910
2,219,352
4,562,467
4,782,274
6,260,843
9,092,089
10,318,294
11,107,826
11,029,503
Department
of
Commerce
..............................
9,347
13,990
38,967
135,561
55,114
53,835
88,929
105,802
108,400
130,500
Department
of
Defense
..................................
587,412
821,388
1,009,229
1,560,301
3,119,213
3,605,509
3,879,002
4,112,225
4,432,981
4,476,157
Department
of
Energy
....................................
442,434
551,527
764,676
1,605,558
2,247,822
2,561,950
2,692,314
3,354,514
3,373,918
3,535,161
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
..
1,027,537
1,796,854
3,675,225
5,613,930
5,322,356
7,956,011
12,469,563
15,535,462
17,601,780
19,467,381
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
.................................
221,256
114,709
 
52,768
5,314
438
118
1,613
1,000
1,000
1,100
Department
of
the
Interior
..............................
170,088
190,975
300,191
440,547
549,479
630,537
702,796
773,313
959,402
1,095,128
Department
of
Justice
.....................................
10,252
15,728
61,542
60,721
66,802
99,775
172,350
261,459
277,627
286,842
Department
of
Labor
.......................................
230,041
424,494
1,103,935
1,862,738
1,948,685
2,511,380
3,967,914
5,407,300
4,688,600
5,633,600
Department
of
State
.......................................
64,200
59,742
89,433
25,188
23,820
51,225
54,671
346,921
388,349
394,268
Department
of
Transportation
.........................
 
27,534
52,290
54,712
82,035
76,186
135,816
115,030
120,254
138,990
Department
of
the
Treasury
...........................
8,240
18
1,118,840
1,247,463
290,276
41,715
49,496
65,000
83,000
92,000
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
......................
97,237
1,032,918
4,402,212
2,351,233
1,289,849
757,476
1,324,382
1,552,813
1,577,374
2,105,952
Other
agencies
and
programs
ACTION
..........................................................
 
 
7,081
2,833
1,761
8,472
 
 
 
 
Agency
for
International
Development
...........
63,329
88,034
78,896
176,770
198,807
249,786
290,580
326,047
313,000
409,700
Appalachian
Regional
Commission
................
 
37,838
45,786
19,032
4,745
93
10,623
10,031
7,243
7,300
Barry
Goldwater
Scholarship
and
Excellence
in
Education
Foundation
........................
 
 
 
 
 
1,033
3,000
3,000
3,000
3,000
Corporation
for
National
and
Community
Service
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
214,600
372,000
386,000
498,000
Environmental
Protection
Agency
..................
 
19,446
33,875
41,083
60,521
87,481
125,721
127,800
153,500
151,600
Estimated
education
share
of
federal
aid
to
the
District
of
Columbia
..........................
11,350
33,019
55,487
81,847
107,340
104,940
78,796
117,710
147,643
158,127
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency
.....
 
290
290
1,946
1,828
215
170,400
14,356
14,894
12,500
General
Services
Administration
....................
4,013
14,775
22,532
34,800
 
 
 
 
 
 
Harry
S
Truman
Scholarship
fund
..................
 
 
 
 
1,895
1,332
2,883
3,000
3,000
3,000
3,000
Institute
of
American
Indian
and
Alaskan
Native
Culture
and
Arts
Development
...
 
 
 
 
 
4,305
13,000
4,000
2,000
4,000
Institute
of
Museum
and
Library
Services
......
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
142,000
166,000
165,000
James
Madison
Memorial
Fellowship
Foundation
...............................................
 
 
 
 
 
191
2,000
2,000
7,000
2,000
Japanese­
United
States
Friendship
Commission
.............................................
 
 
 
2,294
2,236
2,299
2,000
2,000
3,000
3,000
Library
of
Congress
........................................
15,111
29,478
63,766
151,871
169,310
189,827
241,000
350,000
299,000
305,000
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
..........................................
208,788
258,366
197,901
255,511
487,624
1,093,303
1,757,900
2,094,349
2,096,538
2,097,920
National
Archives
and
Records
Administration
..........................................
 
 
 
 
52,118
77,397
105,172
131,707
121,879
142,713
National
Commission
on
Libraries
and
Information
Science
................................
 
 
449
2,090
723
3,281
1,000
1,000
2,000
1,000
National
Endowment
for
the
Arts
...................
 
340
4,754
5,220
5,536
5,577
9,421
11,136
10,048
10,081
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities
........
 
8,459
63,955
142,586
125,671
141,048
151,727
92,100
100,014
100,315
National
Science
Foundation
..........................
181,216
295,628
535,294
808,392
1,147,115
1,588,891
2,086,195
2,729,717
2,785,298
3,495,505
Nuclear
Regulatory
Commission
....................
 
 
7,093
32,590
30,261
42,328
22,188
8,900
9,100
10,800
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity
......................
189,871
1,092,410
16,619
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Smithsonian
Institution
....................................
2,233
2,461
5,509
5,153
7,886
5,779
9,961
 
 
 
United
States
Arms
Control
Agency
...............
 
100
 
661
395
25
 
10,135
25,764
31,794
United
States
Information
Agency
..................
7,512
8,423
9,405
66,210
143,007
201,547
294,800
 
 
 
United
States
Institute
of
Peace
.....................
 
 
 
 
 
7,621
12,000
12,000
13,000
15,000
Other
agencies
...............................................
10,055
1,421
5,949
990
432
885
500
5,400
6,500
6,545
 
Not
available
or
applicable.

NOTE:
Data
for
fiscal
year
2001
are
estimated.
Negative
amounts
occur
when
program
receipts
exceed
outlays.
To
the
extent
possible,
amounts
reported
represent
outlays
rather
than
obligations.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
data.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
compiled
from
data
appearing
in
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Appendix,
fiscal
years
1967
to
2002;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
fiscal
years
1965
to
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
423
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
364.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Level
or
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2
1999
3
2000
4
2001
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total,
all
programs
.........................
$
5,331,016
$
12,526,499
$
23,288,120
$
34,493,502
$
39,027,876
$
51,624,342
$
71,639,520
$
82,863,596
$
85,502,629
$
92,774,545
Elementary/
secondary
education
programs
..........................................................
$
1,942,577
$
5,830,442
$
10,617,195
$
16,027,686
$
16,901,334
$
21,984,361
$
33,623,809
$
39,937,910
$
43,809,043
$
48,706,995
Department
of
Education6
..............................
567,343
2,719,204
4,132,742
6,629,095
7,296,702
9,681,313
14,029,000
17,026,662
20,039,563
22,931,418
Grants
for
the
disadvantaged
.................
 
1,339,014
1,874,353
3,204,664
4,206,754
4,494,111
6,808,000
7,554,155
8,529,111
8,470,199
Impact
aid
program7
...............................
349,671
656,372
618,711
690,170
647,402
816,366
808,000
1,081,063
877,101
1,140,483
School
improvement
programs
..............
72,298
288,304
700,470
788,918
526,401
1,189,158
1,397,000
1,328,021
2,549,971
3,287,617
Indian
education
.....................................
 
 
40,036
93,365
82,328
69,451
71,000
56,845
65,285
84,473
Bilingual
education
.................................
 
21,250
92,693
169,540
157,539
188,919
225,000
311,331
362,662
448,110
Special
education
...................................
13,849
79,090
151,244
821,777
1,017,964
1,616,623
3,177,000
4,444,100
4,948,977
5,814,825
Vocational
and
adult
education
..............
131,525
335,174
655,235
860,661
658,314
1,306,685
1,482,000
1,364,029
1,462,977
1,722,985
Education
Reform
­
Goals
20008
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
61,000
887,118
1,243,479
1,962,726
Department
of
Agriculture
...............................
623,014
760,477
1,884,345
4,064,497
4,134,906
5,528,950
8,201,294
9,367,933
10,051,278
10,041,539
Child
nutrition
programs9
.......................
178,580
299,131
1,452,267
3,377,056
3,664,561
4,977,075
7,644,789
8,877,933
9,554,028
9,541,539
Agricultural
Marketing
Service
 
commodities10
..................................
340,073
341,597
248,839
388,000
336,502
350,441
400,000
400,000
400,000
400,000
Special
milk
program9
............................
86,609
83,800
122,858
159,293
15,993
18,707
(
9)
(
9)
(
9)
(
9)
Estimated
education
share
of
Forest
Service
permanent
appropriations
.......
17,752
35,949
60,381
140,148
117,850
182,727
156,505
90,000
97,250
100,000
Department
of
Commerce
..............................
 
 
 
54,816
 
 
 
 
 
 
Local
public
works
program
 
school
facilities11
..........................................
 
 
 
54,816
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
..................................
73,000
143,100
264,500
370,846
831,625
1,097,876
1,295,547
1,378,974
1,485,611
1,489,147
Junior
ROTC
..........................................
 
12,100
12,500
32,000
55,600
39,300
155,600
167,636
210,432
218,418
Overseas
dependents
schools
...............
73,000
131,000
252,000
338,846
613,437
864,958
855,772
882,261
904,829
895,935
Section
VI
schools7
................................
 
 
 
 
162,588
193,618
284,175
329,077
370,350
374,794
Department
of
Energy12
.................................
100
200
300
77,633
23,031
15,563
12,646
 
 
 
Energy
conservation
for
school
buildings13
........................................
 
 
 
77,240
22,731
15,213
10,746
 
 
 
Pre­
engineering
program
.......................
100
200
300
393
300
350
1,900
 
 
 
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services14
79,999
167,333
683,885
1,077,000
1,531,059
2,396,793
5,116,559
5,429,850
6,011,036
6,979,608
Head
Start15
...........................................
 
 
403,900
735,000
1,075,059
1,447,758
3,534,000
4,658,000
5,267,000
6,200,000
Payments
to
states
for
AFDC
work
programs16
.......................................
 
 
 
 
 
459,221
953,000
62,000
15,000
9,000
Social
Security
student
benefits17
..........
79,999
167,333
279,985
342,000
456,000
489,814
629,559
709,850
729,036
770,608
Department
of
the
Interior
.......................
130,096
140,705
220,392
318,170
389,810
445,267
493,124
593,306
725,423
812,627
Mineral
Leasing
Act
and
other
funds:
Payments
to
states
 
estimated
education
share
............................
11,075
12,294
27,389
62,636
127,369
123,811
18,750
13,840
24,610
4,370
Payments
to
counties
 
estimated
education
share
............................
10,731
16,359
29,494
48,953
59,016
102,522
37,490
23,900
53,500
9,500
Indian
Education:
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
schools
.....
92,603
95,850
141,056
178,112
177,265
192,841
411,524
476,086
466,905
488,418
Johnson­
O'Malley
assistance18
......
15,534
16,080
22,251
28,081
25,675
25,556
24,359
18,080
17,387
16,998
Education
construction
....................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60,400
161,021
292,341
Education
expenses
for
children
of
employees,
Yellowstone
National
Park
..............
153
122
202
388
485
538
1,000
1,000
2,000
1,000
Department
of
Justice
.....................................
6,402
8,237
9,822
23,890
36,117
65,997
128,850
204,800
224,800
244,400
Vocational
training
expenses
for
prisoners
in
federal
prisons
........
1,466
2,720
3,039
4,966
8,292
2,066
3,000
3,000
1,000
1,000
Inmate
programs19
.................................
4,936
5,517
6,783
18,924
27,825
63,931
125,850
201,800
223,800
243,400
Department
of
Labor
.......................................
230,041
420,927
1,097,811
1,849,800
1,945,268
2,505,487
3,957,800
5,402,000
4,683,200
5,628,000
Job
Corps20
............................................
 
 
175,000
469,800
604,748
739,376
1,029,000
1,253,000
1,256,000
1,412,000
Training
programs
 
estimated
funds
for
education
programs21
.....................
230,041
420,927
922,811
1,380,000
1,340,520
1,766,111
2,928,800
4,149,000
3,427,200
4,216,000
Department
of
Transportation22
.....................
 
45
50
60
60
46
62
150
188
218
Tuition
assistance
for
educational
accreditation
 
Coast
Guard
personnel23
................
 
45
50
60
60
46
62
150
188
218
Department
of
the
Treasury
...........................
32
 
847,139
935,903
273,728
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated
education
share
of
general
revenue
sharing:
24
State25
.............................................
 
 
475,224
525,019
 
 
 
 
 
 
Local
................................................
 
 
371,915
410,884
273,728
 
 
 
 
 
Tuition
assistance
for
educational
accreditation
 
Coast
Guard
personnel23
................
32
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs26
...................
41,250
338,910
1,371,500
545,786
344,758
155,351
311,768
417,903
445,052
427,177
Noncollegiate
and
job
training
programs27
.......................................
14,550
281,640
1,249,410
439,993
224,035
12,848
 
 
 
 
Vocational
rehabilitation
for
disabled
veterans28
.........................
17,400
41,700
73,100
87,980
107,480
136,780
298,132
411,592
438,635
419,200
Dependents'
education29
.......................
9,300
15,570
48,990
17,813
13,243
5,723
5,961
6,311
6,417
7,977
Service
members
occupational
conversion
and
training
act
of
199230
...........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,675
 
 
 
Other
agencies:
Appalachian
Regional
Commission31
....
 
33,161
41,667
9,157
4,632
93
2,173
3,254
2,588
2,600
National
Endowment
for
the
Arts32
........
 
 
3,686
4,989
4,399
4,641
7,117
4,862
6,002
4,816
Arts
in
education
.............................
 
 
3,686
4,989
4,399
4,641
7,117
4,862
6,002
4,816
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities33
....................................
 
20
149
330
321
404
997
360
812
815
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity34
..........
182,793
1,072,375
16,619
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Head
Start35
....................................
96,400
325,700
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
elementary
and
secondary
programs36
....................................
20,000
42,809
16,612
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Job
Corps37
.....................................
34,000
144,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Youth
Corps
and
other
training
programs38
................................
31,000
553,368
7
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
424
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
364.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Level
or
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2
1999
3
2000
4
2001
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Volunteers
in
Service
to
America
(
VISTA)
39
......................................
1,393
6,498
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
programs:
Estimated
education
share
of
federal
aid
to
the
District
of
Columbia
................
8,507
25,748
42,588
65,714
84,918
86,579
66,871
107,857
133,490
144,630
Postsecondary
education
programs
..........
$
1,197,511
$
3,447,697
$
7,644,037
$
11,115,882
$
11,174,379
$
13,650,915
$
17,618,137
$
17,651,199
$
15,010,421
$
15,310,069
Department
of
Education6
..............................
237,955
1,187,962
2,089,184
5,682,242
8,202,499
11,175,978
14,234,000
13,715,591
10,727,315
10,026,839
Student
financial
assistance40
...............
 
 
 
3,682,789
4,162,695
5,920,328
7,047,000
9,124,741
9,060,317
10,006,502
Federal
Direct
Student
Loan
Program
41,42
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
840,000
626,794
 
2,862,240
 
442,485
Federal
Family
Education
Loan
Program
42,43
....................................
 
2,323
111,087
1,407,977
3,534,795
4,372,446
5,190,000
2,805,488
2,707,473
 
1,788,059
Higher
education
....................................
218,264
1,029,131
1,838,066
399,787
404,511
659,492
871,000
854,632
1,530,779
1,911,710
Facilities
 
loans
and
insurance42
..........
3,588
114,199
16,292
 
19,031
5,307
19,219
 
6,000
 
8,207
 
2,174
 
4,538
College
housing
loans
42,44
....................
 
 
 
14,082
 
164,061
 
57,167
 
46,000
 
34,959
 
41,886
 
29,757
Educational
activities
overseas
..............
129
774
1,881
3,561
1,838
82
 
 
 
 
Historically
Black
Colleges
and
Universities
Capital
Financing,
Program
Account45
..........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
103
150
204
Gallaudet
College
and
Howard
University
............................
15,974
38,559
111,971
176,829
229,938
230,327
292,000
301,542
291,060
324,391
National
Technical
Institute
for
the
Deaf46
..................................................
 
2,976
9,887
16,248
27,476
31,251
46,000
45,457
43,836
48,871
Department
of
Agriculture
...............................
 
 
6,450
10,453
17,741
31,273
33,373
29,676
30,676
32,676
Agriculture
Extension
Service,
Second
Morrill
Act
payments
to
agricultural
and
mechanical
colleges
and
Tuskegee
Institute47
.........................
 
 
6,450
10,453
17,741
31,273
33,373
29,676
30,676
32,676
Department
of
Commerce
..............................
5,081
8,277
14,973
29,971
2,163
3,312
3,487
3,602
3,800
3,600
Sea
Grant
Program48
.............................
 
 
1,886
3,123
2,163
3,312
3,487
3,602
3,800
3,600
Merchant
Marine
Academy49
.................
3,570
6,160
10,152
14,809
 
 
 
 
 
 
State
marine
schools49
..........................
1,511
2,117
2,935
12,039
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense50
...............................
77,500
322,100
379,800
545,000
1,041,700
635,769
729,500
983,183
1,147,759
1,198,099
Tuition
assistance
for
military
personnel
 
57,500
86,800
(
51)
77,100
95,300
127,000
280,500
263,303
284,500
Service
academies52
..............................
77,500
78,700
86,200
106,100
196,400
120,613
163,300
115,116
212,678
236,958
Senior
ROTC
..........................................
 
108,100
116,500
(
51)
354,000
193,056
219,400
321,820
363,461
361,355
Professional
development
education53
..
 
77,800
90,300
(
51)
414,200
226,800
219,800
265,747
308,317
315,286
Department
of
Energy12
.................................
3,000
3,000
3,000
57,701
19,475
25,502
28,027
 
 
 
University
laboratory
cooperative
program
............................................
3,000
3,000
3,000
2,800
6,500
9,402
8,552
 
 
 
Teacher
development
projects54
............
 
 
 
1,400
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graduate
traineeship
programs55
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
conservation
for
buildings
 
higher
education13
...............................
 
 
 
53,501
12,705
7,459
7,381
 
 
 
Minority
honors
vocational
training56
.....
 
 
 
 
150
 
 
 
 
 
Honors
research
program56
...................
 
 
 
 
120
6,472
2,221
 
 
 
Students
and
teachers57
........................
 
 
 
 
 
2,169
9,873
 
 
 
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services14
469,223
981,483
1,686,650
2,412,058
516,088
578,542
796,035
880,210
954,190
1,204,340
Health
professions
training
programs58
139,795
353,029
599,350
460,736
212,200
230,600
298,302
301,656
340,361
587,919
Indian
health
manpower59
......................
 
 
 
7,187
5,577
9,508
27,000
29,000
16,000
31,000
National
Health
Service
Corps
scholarships
......................................
 
 
1,206
70,667
2,268
4,759
78,206
28,523
33,300
32,332
National
Institutes
of
Health
training
grants60
................................................
 
 
154,875
176,388
217,927
241,356
380,502
509,185
550,220
539,000
National
Institute
of
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
training
grants
................
4,327
8,088
7,182
12,899
8,760
10,461
11,660
11,709
14,198
14,000
Alcohol,
drug
abuse,
and
mental
health
training
programs61
.........................
85,101
118,366
83,727
122,103
43,617
81,353
 
 
 
 
Health
teaching
facilities
........................
 
 
353
3,078
739
505
365
137
110
89
Social
Security
postsecondary
students'
benefits62
.............................................
240,000
502,000
839,957
1,559,000
25,000
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development42
........................................
220,744
114,199
 
55,418
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
College
housing
loans
42,44
....................
220,744
114,199
 
55,418
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
the
Interior
..............................
30,153
31,749
50,844
80,202
125,247
135,480
159,054
132,207
187,179
234,501
Shared
revenues,
Mineral
Leasing
Act
and
other
receipts
 
estimated
education
share
................................
6,260
6,949
15,480
35,403
71,991
69,980
82,810
47,800
98,740
143,690
Indian
programs:
Continuing
education63
...................
8,993
9,380
13,311
16,909
24,338
34,911
43,907
54,898
57,576
60,604
Higher
education
scholarships
........
14,900
15,420
22,053
27,890
28,918
30,589
32,337
29,509
30,863
30,206
Department
of
State
.......................................
53,420
30,850
50,347
 
 
2,167
3,000
290,000
319,000
321,000
Educational
exchange64
.........................
53,420
30,850
50,347
 
 
 
 
290,000
319,000
321,000
Mutual
educational
and
cultural
exchange
activities
...................
47,025
30,454
50,300
 
 
 
 
276,000
303,000
305,000
International
educational
exchange
activities
........................................
6,395
396
47
 
 
 
 
14,000
16,000
16,000
Russian,
Eurasian,
and
East
European
Research
and
Training65
..................
 
 
 
 
 
2,167
3,000
 
 
 
Department
of
Transportation22
.....................
 
11,197
11,885
12,530
55,569
46,025
59,257
60,300
60,300
76,900
Merchant
Marine
Academy49
.................
 
 
 
 
19,898
20,926
30,850
32,000
34,000
47,000
State
marine
schools66
..........................
 
 
 
 
19,777
8,269
8,980
7,000
7,000
8,000
Coast
Guard
Academy23
........................
 
9,342
9,780
10,000
11,857
12,074
13,500
14,500
15,500
15,200
Postgraduate
training
for
Coast
Guard
officers67
..............................................
 
1,655
1,855
2,230
3,499
4,173
5,513
5,800
2,500
3,100
Tuition
assistance
to
Coast
Guard
military
personnel23
.........................
 
200
250
300
538
582
414
1,000
1,300
3,600
Department
of
the
Treasury
...........................
8,208
 
268,605
296,750
 
 
 
 
 
 
425
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
364.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Level
or
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2
1999
3
2000
4
2001
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
General
revenue
sharing
 
estimated
state
share
to
higher
education
24,25
......................
 
 
268,605
296,750
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coast
Guard
Academy23
........................
6,815
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Postgraduate
training
for
Coast
Guard
officers67
..............................................
1,293
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tuition
assistance
to
Coast
Guard
military
personnel23
.........................
100
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs26
...................
55,650
693,490
3,029,600
1,803,847
944,091
599,825
1,010,114
1,134,910
1,132,322
1,678,775
Vietnam­
era
veterans:
68
.........................
33,950
638,260
2,840,600
1,579,974
694,217
46,998
 
 
 
 
College
student
support
..................
 
 
 
1,560,081
679,953
39,458
 
 
 
 
Work­
study
......................................
 
 
 
19,893
14,264
7,540
 
 
 
 
Service
persons
college
support69
.........
 
18,900
74,690
46,617
35,630
8,911
 
 
 
 
Post­
Vietnam
veterans70
........................
 
 
 
922
82,554
161,475
33,596
3,710
3,958
4,300
All­
volunteer­
force
educational
assistance:
71
....................................
 
 
 
 
196
269,947
868,394
988,724
984,068
1,494,844
Veterans72
.......................................
 
 
 
 
 
183,765
760,390
886,059
876,434
1,378,994
Reservists73
....................................
 
 
 
 
196
86,182
108,004
102,665
107,634
115,850
Veteran
dependents'
education74
..........
21,700
36,330
114,310
176,334
131,494
100,494
95,124
129,476
131,296
165,631
Payments
to
state
education
agencies75
 
 
 
 
 
12,000
13,000
13,000
13,000
14,000
Other
agencies:
Appalachian
Regional
Commission31
....
 
4,105
2,545
1,751
 
 
2,741
3,366
2,286
2,300
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities33
....................................
 
3,349
25,320
56,451
49,098
50,938
56,481
28,518
28,395
28,500
National
Science
Foundation
.................
27,170
42,000
60,283
64,583
60,069
161,884
211,800
369,000
389,000
478,000
Science
and
engineering
education
programs
.......................................
27,170
37,000
60,283
64,583
60,069
161,884
211,800
369,000
389,000
478,000
Sea
Grant
Program48
......................
 
5,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United
States
Information
Agency76
......
7,512
8,423
9,405
51,095
124,041
181,172
260,800
 
 
 
Educational
and
cultural
affairs64
...
 
 
 
49,546
21,079
35,862
13,600
 
 
 
Educational
and
cultural
exchange
programs77
....................................
 
 
 
 
101,529
145,307
247,200
 
 
 
Educational
exchange
activities,
international
..................................
 
 
 
1,549
1,433
3
 
 
 
 
Information
center
and
library
activities78
.................................
7,512
8,423
9,405
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
programs:
Barry
Goldwater
Scholarship
and
Excellence
in
Education
Foundation79
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
1,033
3,000
3,000
3,000
3,000
Estimated
education
share
of
federal
aid
to
the
District
of
Columbia
................
1,895
5,513
10,564
13,143
15,266
14,637
9,468
8,636
13,199
12,539
Harry
S
Truman
Scholarship
fund
42,80
..
 
 
 
 
1,895
1,332
2,883
3,000
3,000
3,000
3,000
Institute
of
American
Indian
and
Alaskan
Native
Culture
and
Arts
Development81
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
4,305
13,000
4,000
2,000
4,000
James
Madison
Memorial
Fellowship
Foundation82
........................................
 
 
 
 
 
191
2,000
2,000
7,000
2,000
Other
education
programs
..........................
$
374,652
$
964,719
$
1,608,478
$
1,548,730
$
2,107,588
$
3,383,031
$
4,719,655
$
5,318,020
$
5,485,121
$
5,976,416
Department
of
Education6
..............................
182,021
630,235
1,045,659
747,706
1,173,055
2,251,801
2,861,000
3,123,291
3,223,355
3,430,388
Administration
.........................................
17,732
47,456
108,372
187,317
284,900
328,293
404,000
439,941
458,054
555,819
Libraries83
...............................................
26,111
108,284
225,810
129,127
85,650
137,264
117,000
 
 
 
Rehabilitative
services
and
disability
research
............................................
137,313
473,091
709,483
426,886
798,298
1,780,360
2,333,000
2,675,165
2,755,468
2,858,738
American
Printing
House
for
the
Blind
...
865
1,404
1,994
4,349
4,230
5,736
7,000
7,725
9,368
15,203
Trust
funds
and
contributions42
.............
 
 
 
27
 
23
148
 
460
465
628
Department
of
Agriculture
...............................
87,551
135,637
220,395
271,112
336,375
352,511
422,878
428,311
444,477
453,788
Extension
Service
...................................
85,924
131,734
215,523
263,584
325,986
337,907
405,371
408,311
424,174
433,429
National
Agricultural
Library
...................
1,627
3,903
4,872
7,528
10,389
14,604
17,507
20,000
20,303
20,359
Department
of
Commerce
..............................
251
1,226
2,317
2,479
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maritime
Administration:
Training
for
private
sector
employees49
..............................
251
1,226
2,317
2,479
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services14
3,953
24,273
31,653
37,819
47,195
77,962
138,000
181,000
214,000
246,000
National
Library
of
Medicine
..................
3,953
24,273
31,653
37,819
47,195
77,962
138,000
181,000
214,000
246,000
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
............................................
512
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urban
mass
transportation
 
managerial
training
grants84
..............................
512
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Justice
.....................................
3,850
5,546
42,818
27,642
25,517
26,920
36,296
33,759
34,727
24,442
FBI
National
Academy
...........................
1,850
2,066
5,100
7,234
4,189
6,028
12,831
18,815
22,479
14,776
FBI
Field
Police
Academy
......................
1,450
2,500
5,254
7,715
10,220
10,548
11,140
14,410
11,962
9,280
Narcotics
and
dangerous
drug
training
..
550
980
1,152
2,416
83
850
325
534
286
386
National
Institute
of
Corrections85
..........
 
 
31,312
10,277
11,025
9,494
12,000
 
 
 
Department
of
State
.......................................
10,780
20,672
28,113
25,000
23,791
47,539
51,648
56,921
69,349
73,268
Foreign
Service
Institute
........................
6,395
15,857
20,750
25,000
23,791
47,539
51,648
56,921
69,349
73,268
Center
for
Cultural
and
Technical
Interchange64
...................................
4,385
4,815
7,363
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Department
of
Transportation22
.....................
 
3,964
11,877
10,212
3,785
1,507
650
720
700
700
Highways
training
and
education
grants86
................................................
 
2,418
3,250
3,412
1,500
 
 
 
 
 
Maritime
Administration:
Training
for
private
sector
employees49
..............................
 
 
 
 
1,135
1,507
650
720
700
700
Urban
mass
transportation
 
managerial
training
grants84
..............................
 
1,546
2,627
500
1,150
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
Aviation
Administration87
Air
traffic
controllers
second
career
program88
.....................................
 
 
6,000
6,300
 
 
 
 
 
 
426
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
364.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Level
or
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2
1999
3
2000
4
2001
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Department
of
the
Treasury
...........................
 
18
3,096
14,584
16,160
41,488
48,000
65,000
83,000
92,000
Federal
Law
Enforcement
Training
Center89
............................................
 
18
3,096
14,584
16,160
41,488
48,000
65,000
83,000
92,000
Other
agencies:
ACTION90
...............................................
 
 
7,045
2,833
1,761
8,472
 
 
 
 
Estimated
education
funds91
..........
 
 
7,045
2,833
1,761
8,472
 
 
 
 
Agency
for
International
Development
...
63,329
88,034
78,896
99,707
141,847
170,371
260,408
313,047
299,000
396,000
Education
and
human
resources
....
53,968
61,570
58,349
80,518
115,104
142,801
248,408
313,047
299,000
396,000
American
schools
and
hospitals
abroad
...........................................
9,361
26,464
20,547
19,189
26,743
27,570
12,000
 
 
 
Appalachian
Regional
Commission30
....
 
572
1,574
8,124
113
 
5,709
3,411
2,369
2,400
Corporation
for
National
and
Community
Service90
..............................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
214,600
372,000
386,000
498,000
Estimated
education
funds91
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
214,600
372,000
386,000
498,000
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency92
..........................................
 
290
290
281
405
215
170,400
14,356
14,894
12,500
Estimated
architect/
engineer
student
development
program93
..................
 
40
40
31
155
200
 
 
 
 
Estimated
other
training
programs94
 
250
250
250
250
15
 
 
 
 
Estimated
disaster
relief95
..............
 
 
 
 
 
 
170,400
14,356
14,894
12,500
General
Services
Administration
Libraries
and
other
archival
activities
96
.................................
4,013
14,775
22,532
34,800
 
 
 
 
 
 
Institute
of
Museum
and
Library
Services83
.........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
142,000
166,000
165,000
Japanese­
United
States
Friendship
Commission97
......................................
 
 
 
2,294
2,236
2,299
2,000
2,000
3,000
3,000
Library
of
Congress
................................
15,111
29,478
63,766
151,871
169,310
189,827
241,000
350,000
299,000
305,000
Salaries
and
expenses
....................
11,421
20,700
48,798
102,364
130,354
148,985
198,000
301,000
247,000
253,000
Books
for
the
blind
and
the
physically
handicapped
.............
2,317
6,195
11,908
31,436
32,954
37,473
39,000
45,000
46,000
47,000
Special
foreign
currency
program
...
1,187
2,273
2,333
3,492
4,621
10
 
 
 
 
Furniture
and
furnishings
................
186
310
727
14,579
1,381
3,359
4,000
4,000
6,000
5,000
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
Aerospace
education
services
project
...........................................
100
350
600
882
1,800
3,300
5,923
6,649
6,800
6,200
National
Archives
and
Records
Administration98
Libraries
and
other
archival
activities
.....................................
 
 
 
 
52,118
77,397
105,172
131,707
121,879
142,713
National
Commission
on
Libraries
and
Information
Science99
.....................
 
 
449
2,090
723
3,281
1,000
1,000
2,000
1,000
National
Endowment
for
the
Arts32
........
 
340
1,068
231
1,137
936
2,304
6,275
4,046
5,265
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities33
....................................
 
5,090
38,486
85,805
76,252
89,706
94,249
63,221
70,807
71,000
Smithsonian
Institution
...........................
2,233
2,461
5,509
5,153
7,886
5,779
9,961
10,135
25,764
31,794
Museum
programs
and
related
research
....................................
2,133
2,261
4,203
3,254
4,665
690
3,190
3,400
18,000
19,000
National
Gallery
of
Art
extension
service
...........................................
100
200
300
426
675
474
771
735
764
794
Woodrow
Wilson
International
Center
for
Scholars
...................
 
 
1,006
1,473
2,546
4,615
6,000
6,000
7,000
12,000
U.
S.
Information
Agency
 
Center
for
Cultural
and
Technical
Interchange64
.......................................
 
 
 
15,115
18,966
20,375
34,000
 
 
 
U.
S.
Institute
of
Peace100
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
7,621
12,000
12,000
13,000
15,000
Other
programs:
Estimated
education
share
of
federal
aid
for
the
District
of
Columbia
..............
948
1,758
2,335
2,990
7,156
3,724
2,457
1,217
954
958
Research
programs
at
universities
and
related
institutions101
............................
$
1,816,276
$
2,283,641
$
3,418,410
$
5,801,204
$
8,844,575
$
12,606,035
$
15,677,919
$
19,956,467
$
21,198,044
$
22,781,065
Department
of
Education102
...................
13,248
87,823
82,770
78,742
28,809
89,483
279,000
478,532
116,464
365,418
Department
of
Agriculture
......................
58,362
64,796
108,162
216,405
293,252
348,109
434,544
492,374
581,395
501,500
Department
of
Commerce
......................
4,015
4,487
21,677
48,295
52,951
50,523
85,442
102,200
104,600
126,900
Department
of
Defense
..........................
436,912
356,188
364,929
644,455
1,245,888
1,871,864
1,853,955
1,750,068
1,799,611
1,788,911
Department
of
Energy
............................
439,334
548,327
761,376
1,470,224
2,205,316
2,520,885
2,651,641
3,354,514
3,373,918
3,535,161
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
............................................
474,362
623,765
1,273,037
2,087,053
3,228,014
4,902,714
6,418,969
9,044,402
10,422,554
11,037,433
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
....................................
 
510
2,650
5,314
438
118
1,613
1,000
1,000
1,100
Department
of
the
Interior
......................
9,839
18,521
28,955
42,175
34,422
49,790
50,618
47,800
46,800
48,000
Department
of
Justice
............................
 
1,945
8,902
9,189
5,168
6,858
7,204
22,900
18,100
18,000
Department
of
Labor
..............................
 
3,567
6,124
12,938
3,417
5,893
10,114
5,300
5,400
5,600
Department
of
State
...............................
 
8,220
10,973
188
29
1,519
23
 
 
 
Department
of
Transportation
................
 
12,328
28,478
31,910
22,621
28,608
75,847
53,860
59,066
61,172
Department
of
the
Treasury
...................
 
 
 
226
388
227
1,496
 
 
 
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
..............
337
518
1,112
1,600
1,000
2,300
2,500
 
 
 
ACTION
..................................................
 
 
36
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
for
International
Development
...
 
 
 
77,063
56,960
79,415
30,172
13,000
14,000
13,700
Corporation
for
National
and
Community
Service
.................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Environmental
Protection
Agency
..........
 
19,446
33,875
41,083
60,521
87,481
125,721
127,800
153,500
151,600
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency
..............................................
 
 
 
1,665
1,423
 
 
 
 
 
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
...................................
208,688
258,016
197,301
254,629
485,824
1,090,003
1,751,977
2,087,700
2,089,738
2,091,720
National
Science
Foundation
.................
154,046
253,628
475,011
743,809
1,087,046
1,427,007
1,874,395
2,360,717
2,396,298
3,017,505
427
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
364.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
for
education,
by
level
or
other
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program:
Fiscal
years
1965
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
thousands
of
current
dollars]

Level
or
educational
purpose,
by
agency
and
program
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2
1999
3
2000
4
2001
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nuclear
Regulatory
Commission
............
 
 
7,093
32,590
30,261
42,328
22,188
8,900
9,100
10,800
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity
.............
7,078
20,035
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Arms
Control
and
Disarmament
Agency
.................................................
 
100
 
661
395
25
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Information
Agency
........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
agencies
.......................................
10,055
1,421
5,949
990
432
885
500
5,400
6,500
6,545
 
Not
available
or
applicable.
1
Excludes
$
4,440,000,000
for
federal
support
for
medical
education
benefits
under
Medicare
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services.
Is
not
included
in
the
total
because
data
before
fiscal
year
1990
are
not
available.
This
program
has
existed
since
Medicare
began,
but
was
not
available
as
a
separate
budget
item
until
FY
90.
2
Excludes
$
7,510,000,000
for
federal
support
for
medical
education
benefits
under
Medicare.
See
footnote
1.
3
Excludes
$
10,290,000,000
for
federal
support
for
medical
education
benefits
under
Medicare.
See
footnote
1.
4
Excludes
$
8,020,000,000
for
federal
support
for
medical
education
benefits
under
Medicare.
See
footnote
1.
5
Estimated.
Excludes
$
8,030,000,000
for
federal
support
for
medical
education
benefits
under
Medicare.
See
footnote
1.
6
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
was
created
in
May
1980.
It
formerly
was
the
Office
of
Education
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare.
7
Section
6
of
public
law
81
 
874
(
the
former
Impact
Aid
statute)
was
funded
and
administered
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
during
1951
 
1981.
This
program
allowed
the
Secretary
to
make
arrangements
for
the
education
of
children
who
reside
on
federal
property
when
no
suitable
local
school
district
could
or
would
provide
for
the
education
of
these
children.
Since
1981,
the
provision
was
funded
by
the
Department
of
Defense
and
in
1994,
when
public
law
81
 
874
was
repealed,
the
Department
of
Defense
was
authorized
to
fund
and
administer
similar
provisions.
8
This
program
creates
a
national
framework
for
education
reform
and
meeting
the
National
Education
Goals.
This
program
includes
the
School­
To­
Work
Opportunities
program
administered
jointly
by
the
U.
S.
Departments
of
Education
and
Labor.
This
program
helps
states
create
statewide
systems
to
help
youth
acquire
the
knowledge,
skills,
abilities,
and
labor
market
information
they
need
to
make
an
effective
transition
from
school
to
work
or
to
further
their
education
or
training.
9
Starting
in
FY
94,
the
Special
Milk
program
was
included
in
the
Child
Nutrition
program
10
These
commodities
are
purchased
under
Section
32
of
the
Act
of
August
24,
1935,
for
use
in
the
child
nutrition
programs.
11
This
program
assisted
in
the
construction
of
public
facilities,
such
as
vocational
schools,
through
grants
or
loans.
No
funds
have
been
appropriated
for
this
account
since
FY
77,
and
it
was
completely
phased
out
in
FY
84.
12
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Energy
was
created
in
1977.
It
formerly
was
the
Energy
Research
and
Development
Administration
and
before
that
the
Atomic
Energy
Commission
No
funds
were
designated
for
any
of
the
education
programs
listed
on
this
table
in
FYs
96
and
97.
13
This
program
was
established
in
1979.
Funds
were
first
appropriated
for
this
program
in
FY
80.
14
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
was
part
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare
until
May
1980.
15
The
Head
Start
program
was
formerly
in
the
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity,
and
funds
were
appropriated
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare,
Office
of
Child
Development,
beginning
in
1972.
16
This
program
was
created
by
the
Family
Support
Act
of
1988.
It
provides
funds
for
the
Job
Opportunities
and
Basic
Skills
Training
program.
This
activity
is
being
replaced
by
Temporary
Assistance
for
Needy
Families
program.
17
After
age
18,
benefits
terminate
at
the
end
of
the
school
term
or
in
3
months,
whichever
is
less.
18
This
program
provides
funding
for
supplemental
programs
for
eligible
American
Indian
students
in
public
schools.
19
This
program
finances
the
cost
of
academic,
social,
and
occupational
education
courses
for
inmates
in
federal
prisons.
20
The
Job
Corps
program
was
formerly
in
the
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity,
and
funds
were
appropriated
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor
beginning
in
1971
and
1972.
21
Some
of
the
work
and
training
programs
included
in
this
program
were
in
the
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity
and
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor
in
1971
and
1972.
Beginning
in
FY
94,
the
School­
to­
Work
Opportunities
program
is
included.
This
program
is
administered
jointly
by
the
U.
S.
Departments
of
Education
and
Labor.
22
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
was
created
in
1967.
23
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
the
Treasury
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
1967.
24
This
program
was
established
in
FY
72
and
closed
in
FY
86.
25
The
states'
share
of
revenue­
sharing
funds
could
not
be
spent
on
education
in
FYs
81
 
86.
26
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs,
formerly
the
Veterans
Administration,
was
created
in
March
1989.
27
This
program
provides
educational
assistance
allowances
in
order
to
restore
lost
educational
opportunities
to
those
individuals
whose
careers
were
interrupted
or
impeded
by
reason
of
active
military
service
between
January
31,
1955,
and
January
1,
1977.
Includes
``
Readjustment
Benefits,''
Chapter
34,
for
education
other
than
college
and
also
includes
the
Veterans
Job
Training
program
for
service
persons
and
veterans.
The
Chapter
34
program
closed
December
31,
1989.
The
Veterans
Job
Training
Program
was
put
in
the
program
Payments
to
State
Education
Agencies.
Veterans
who
were
still
eligible
to
receive
benefits
under
Chapter
34
were
covered
by
Chapter
30
(
The
All­
Volunteer
Force
Educational
Assistance
program).
28
This
program
is
in
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
program,
Chapter
31,
and
covers
the
costs
of
subsistence,
tuition,
books,
supplies,
and
equipment
for
disabled
veterans
requiring
vocational
rehabilitation.
29
This
program
is
in
the
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
program,
Chapter
35,
and
provides
benefits
to
children
and
spouses
of
veterans.
30
The
purpose
of
this
program
is
to
provide
stable
and
permanent
employment
to
those
men
and
women
who
have
served
on
active
duty
on
or
after
August
2,
1990,
and
are
unemployed.
Program
expired
in
1997.
31
This
agency
was
established
March
9,
1965.
Its
first
year
of
appropriations
was
1966.
The
outlays
were
larger
in
the
years
1970
and
1975
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
because
of
the
construction
of
facilities
for
vocational
schools.
32
This
agency
was
established
in
1965.
In
1970,
$
900,000
was
appropriated
through
the
Office
of
Education,
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare,
for
the
National
Endowment
for
the
Arts,
Arts
in
Education
program.
33
This
agency
was
established
in
1965.
First
year
of
appropriations
was
1966.
34
The
Economic
Opportunity
Act
of
1964
authorized
10
major
action
programs,
including
Job
Corps,
Neighborhood
Youth
Corps,
Adult
Literacy,
Work
Experience,
College
Work­
Study,
and
Community
Action
programs,
including
Head
Start,
Follow
Through,
and
Upward
Bound,
and
authorized
the
establishment
of
Volunteers
in
Service
to
America
(
VISTA).
These
programs
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education
and
Welfare,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
and
the
Action
Agency
in
the
1970s.
An
act
on
January
4,
1975
established
the
Community
Services
Administration
as
the
successor
agency
to
the
Office
of
Economic
Opportunity.
35
Head
Start
program
funds
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education
and
Welfare,
Office
of
Child
Development,
in
1972.
36
Most
of
these
programs
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education
and
Welfare,
Office
of
Education,
in
1972.
37
The
Job
Corps
programs
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor
in
1971
and
1972.
38
These
programs
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor
in
1971
and
1972.
39
These
programs
were
transferred
to
the
Action
Agency
in
1972.
40
Similar
programs
were
included
in
the
``
higher
education''
program
in
1965
through
1975.
41
The
Student
Loan
Reform
Act
of
1993
authorized
a
new
Federal
Direct
Student
Loan
(
FDSL)
program,
renamed
the
William
D.
Ford
Direct
Loan
program.
This
program
is
a
new
streamlined
lending
system
that
simplifies
the
process
of
obtaining
and
repaying
loans
for
student
and
parent
borrowers
and
provides
borrowers
with
greater
choice
in
repayment
plans.
42
Negative
amounts
occur
when
program
receipts
exceed
outlays.
43
Similar
programs
were
included
in
the
``
higher
education''
program
in
1965
through
1975,
formerly
called
the
``
Guaranteed
Student
Loan''
program.
44
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health,
Education,
and
Welfare,
Office
of
Education
in
FY
79.
45
The
Historically
Black
Colleges
and
Universities
(
HBCUs)
Capital
Financing
program
was
authorized
by
the
Higher
Education
Act
Amendments
of
1992
to
provide
HBCUs
with
private
funds
for
repair,
renovation,
and
construction
projects.
46
First
year
of
appropriations
for
this
program
was
1967.
47
Program
funds
were
first
appropriated
for
Tuskegee
Institute
in
1972.
48
The
Sea
Grant
College
Program
Act
of
1966
established
a
matching
fund
grant
program
that
provides
for
the
establishment
of
a
network
of
programs
in
fields
related
to
development
and
preservation
of
the
nation's
coastal
and
marine
resources.
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
National
Science
Foundation
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
October
1970.
49
This
program
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
FY
81
by
Public
Law
97
 
31,
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce.
50
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
funds
for
FYs
90
to
96
exclude
military
pay
and
reserve
accounts
which
were
included
in
previous
years.
FY
65
data
are
not
available
except
for
service
academies.
51
Included
in
total
above.
52Instructional
costs
only
are
included.
These
include
academics,
audiovisual,
academic
computing
center,
faculty
training,
military
training,
physical
education,
and
libraries
53
Includes
special
education
programs
(
military
and
civilian);
legal
education
program;
flight
training;
advanced
degree
program;
college
degree
program
(
officers);
and
``
Armed
Forces
Health
Professions
Scholarship''
program.
54
No
funds
have
been
appropriated
since
FY
82.
55
This
program
receives
funds
periodically.
56
Appropriations
began
in
FY
84.
57
Appropriations
began
in
FY
89.
58
Does
not
include
higher
education
assistance
loans.
59
Appropriations
began
in
FY
78.
60
Alcohol,
drug
abuse,
and
mental
health
training
programs
are
included
starting
in
fiscal
year
1992.
61
Beginning
in
fiscal
year
1992,
data
were
included
in
the
National
Institutes
of
Health
training
grants
program.
62
Postsecondary
student
benefits
were
ended
by
the
Omnibus
Budget
Reconciliation
Act
of
1981
(
Public
Law
97
 
35)
and
were
completely
phased
out
by
August
1985.
63
Includes
adult
education,
tribally­
controlled
community
colleges,
postsecondary
instruction
and
other
education.
64
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State
to
the
International
Communication
Agency
(
I.
C.
A.)
in
1977,
which
consolidated
the
functions
of
the
U.
S.
Information
Agency
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State's
Bureau
of
Educational
and
Cultural
Affairs.
In
FY
82
the
I.
C.
A.
became
the
U.
S.
I.
A.
In
FY
98
pursuant
to
the
Foreign
Affairs
Reform
and
Restructuring
Act
of
1998,
this
program
from
the
United
States
Information
Agency
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State.
428
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
65
This
program
provides
funds
for
advanced
study
and
research
projects
of
the
Russian
Eurasian,
and
Eastern
European
countries
by
American
institutions
of
higher
education
and
private
research
firms.
Appropriations
began
in
FY
88.
66
This
program
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
FY
81
by
Public
Law
97
 
31
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce.
67
Includes
flight
training.
This
program
was
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
the
Treasury
in
1965
and
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
1967.
68
Includes
benefits
for
Vietnam­
era
veterans
under
Chapter
34
(
GI
Bill)
of
the
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
education
and
training
program.
This
program
provides
educational
assistance
allowances,
primarily
on
a
monthly
basis,
in
order
to
restore
lost
educational
opportunities
to
those
individuals
whose
careers
were
interrupted
or
impeded
by
reason
of
active
military
service
between
January
31,
1955,
and
January
1,
1977.
This
program
closed
December
31,
1989.
Some
veterans
who
were
still
eligible
were
put
in
Chapter
30
(
the
All­
Volunteer­
Force
Educational
Assistance
program).
69
Includes
service
persons
under
Chapter
34
(
GI
Bill)
of
the
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
education
and
training
program.
Service
persons
with
over
180
days
of
active
duty,
any
part
of
which
was
before
January
1,
1977,
are
eligible
to
participate
in
this
program.
70
Includes
post­
Vietnam­
era
veterans,
under
Chapter
32,
of
the
post­
Vietnam­
era
``
Veterans
Education
Account.''
Provides
education
and
training
assistance
payments
to
veterans
and
service
persons
with
no
active
duty
time
before
January
1,
1977.
Funding
is
provided
through
participants'
contributions
while
on
active
duty
and
through
transfers
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
(
DOD).
The
U.
S.
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
funds
are
not
appropriated
for
this
program,
so
these
data
represent
obligations,
which
are
funded
through
other
agencies'
appropriations.
71
Public
Law
98
 
525,
enacted
October
19,
1984
(
New
GI
Bill),
established
two
new
peacetime
educational
programs:
an
assistance
program
for
veterans
who
entered
active
duty
during
the
period
beginning
July
1,
1985,
to
June
30,
1988,
and
an
assistance
program
for
certain
members
of
the
Selected
Reserve.
72
Chapter
30,
also
called
the
Montgomery
Bill,
and
the
new
GI
Bill
are
for
eligible
veterans
who
have
agreed
to
have
their
military
pay
reduced
$
100
per
month
for
their
first
12
months
of
active
duty.
The
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
account
under
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
pays
only
the
basic
allowance,
up
to
a
maximum
of
$
536
per
month,
for
full­
time
training.
``
Supplemental
Benefits''
are
paid
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
(
DOD).
73
Chapter
106
is
for
members
of
the
Selected
Reserve.
The
reserve
components
include
the
Army,
Navy,
Air
Force,
Marine
Corps
Reserve,
Army
National
Guard
and
Air
National
Guard
under
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
(
DOD),
and
the
Coast
Guard
Reserve
which
is
under
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
(
DOT)
when
it
is
not
operating
as
a
service
in
the
Navy.
Eligible
persons
can
receive
up
to
$
255
per
month
for
full­
time
training.
The
DOD
and
DOT
pay
for
this
program,
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
administers
it.
74
Includes
dependents
of
veterans
under
Chapter
35,
the
``
Readjustment
Benefits''
education
and
training
program.
Provides
education
and
training
benefits
to
dependents
of
veterans
who
died
of
a
service­
connected
disability
or
whose
service­
connected
disability
is
rated
permanent
and
total.
75
Payments
have
been
made
to
state
education
agencies
for
a
number
of
years
but
were
not
listed
separately
until
FY
88.
76
The
U.
S.
I.
A.
was
called
the
``
International
Communication
Agency''
in
FYs
80
and
81.
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State
to
the
International
Communication
Agency
(
I.
C.
A.)
in
1977,
which
consolidated
the
functions
of
the
U.
S.
Information
Agency
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State's
Bureau
of
Educational
and
Cultural
Affairs.
In
FY
82
the
I.
C.
A.
became
the
U.
S.
I.
A.
In
FY
98
pursuant
to
the
Foreign
Affairs
Reform
and
Restructuring
Act
of
1998,
this
program
from
the
United
States
Information
Agency
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State
and
the
newly
created
Broadcasting
Board
of
Governors.
77
This
program
was
in
the
``
Educational
and
Cultural
Affairs''
program
in
FYs
80
 
83,
and
became
an
independent
program
in
FY
84.
78
This
program
was
combined
with
the
``
Educational
and
Cultural
Affairs''
program
in
FY
77.
79
Public
Law
99
 
661
established
this
program
to
operate
the
Foundation
which
awards
scholarships
and
fellowships
to
outstanding
graduate
and
undergraduate
students
who
intend
to
pursue
careers
or
advanced
degrees
in
science
or
mathematics.
It
may
also
award
honoraria
to
outstanding
individuals
who
have
made
significant
contributions
to
improve
the
instruction
of
science
and
mathematics
in
secondary
schools.
80
Appropriations
for
this
program
began
in
FY
76.
81
Public
Law
99
 
498
established
this
Institute
as
an
independent
non­
profit
corporation
to
provide
Native
Americans
with
an
opportunity
to
obtain
a
postsecondary
education
in
various
fields
of
Indian
art
and
culture.
82
Public
Laws
99
 
500
and
99
 
591
established
the
James
Madison
Memorial
Fellowship
Foundation
to
operate
a
fellowship
program
to
encourage
graduate
study
of
the
American
Constitution.
First
year
of
appropriations
was
FY
88.
83
This
program
was
transferred
to
the
Institute
of
Museum
and
Library
Services
in
fiscal
year
1997.
Program
was
formerly
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education.
84
This
program
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
FY
68
from
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development.
85
This
program
was
established
by
the
Juvenile
Justice
and
Delinquency
Prevention
Act
of
1974
to
provide
education
and
training
and
to
provide
leadership
in
improving
correctional
programs
and
practices
in
prisons.
This
program
was
transferred
in
1997
to
the
Federal
Prison
System,
Salaries
and
Expenses,
budget
in
the
Contract
Confinement
program
86
Appropriations
for
this
program
began
in
FY
70.
87
The
Federal
Aviation
Administration,
an
independent
agency,
was
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
in
FY
67.
88
Appropriations
began
in
FY
72.
89
First
year
of
appropriations
was
FY
70.
90
The
National
Service
Trust
Act
of
1993
established
the
Corporation
for
National
and
Community
Service.
In
1993,
ACTION
became
part
of
this
agency.
91
These
programs
included
the
Service
Learning
programs,
University
Year
for
ACTION
Volunteers
in
Service
to
America,
Youth
Challenge
program,
and
the
National
Student
Volunteer
program
in
FY
1975.
In
FY
80,
programs
included
were
the
University
Year
for
ACTION,
Young
Volunteers
for
ACTION,
and
National
Service
Learning
programs
In
fiscal
year
1985,
the
program
included
was
the
Service
Learning
programs,
and
in
FYs
89
to
94,
programs
included
were
the
Literacy
Corps
and
the
Student
Community
Services
program.
In
FYs
94
through
98
the
AmeriCorps
program
was
included.
This
program
provides
education
grants
to
help
pay
for
college
or
to
repay
student
loans
for
people
who
perform
community
service
before,
during
or
after
postsecondary
education
92
The
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency
was
created
in
1979,
representing
a
combination
of
five
existing
agencies.
The
two
largest
were
the
Defense
Civil
Preparedness
Agency
in
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
and
the
Federal
Preparedness
Agency
in
the
General
Services
Administration.
The
funds
for
the
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency
in
FY
70
to
FY
75
were
in
the
other
agencies.
93
First
year
of
appropriations
was
FY
68.
94
First
appropriations
for
the
``
other
training
programs''
were
in
the
late
1960s.
These
programs
include
the
Fall­
Out
Shelter
Analysis,
Blast
Protection
Design
through
1992.
Starting
in
FY
1993,
earthquake
training
and
safety
for
teachers
and
administrators
for
grades
1
through
12
are
included.
95
The
disaster
relief
program
repairs
and
replaces
damaged
and
destroyed
school
buildings.
In
FY
94
and
FY
95
funds
were
for
repairs
due
to
the
Northridge
Earthquake
in
California.
In
FY
94,
$
37.2
million
was
spent
on
school
districts;
$
4.2
million
was
spent
on
community
colleges
and
$
43.8
million
spent
on
universities.
In
FY
95,
$
74.4
million
was
spent
on
school
districts;
$
8.4
million
on
community
colleges
and
$
87.6
million
on
colleges
and
universities.
96
This
program
was
transferred
from
the
General
Services
Administration
to
the
National
Archives
and
Records
Administration
in
April
1985.
97
This
program
makes
grants
for
the
promotion
of
scholarly,
cultural,
and
artistic
exchanges
between
Japan
and
the
United
States.
Appropriations
began
in
FY
76.
98
The
National
Archives
and
Records
Administration
became
an
independent
agency
in
April
1985.
99
This
program
was
established
by
the
act
of
July
20,
1970,
Public
Law
91
 
345.
100
This
program
was
established
by
Congress
to
conduct
and
support
research
and
scholarships
in
the
fields
of
peace,
arms
control,
and
conflict
resolution.
101
Includes
federal
obligations
for
research
and
development
centers
administered
by
colleges
and
universities.
FY
2000
and
FY
2001
are
estimated.
102
Total
outlays
for
FYs
65
and
70
include
the
``
Research
and
Training''
program.
FY
75
includes
the
``
National
Institute
of
Education''
program.
FYs
80
to
FY
2001
include
outlays
for
the
Office
of
Educational
Research
and
Improvement.

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
To
the
extent
possible,
amounts
reported
represent
outlays
rather
than
obligations.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
compiled
from
data
appearing
in
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Appendix
fiscal
years
1967
to
2002;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
fiscal
years
1965
to
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
429
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
365.
 
Estimated
federal
support
for
education,
by
agency
and
type
of
ultimate
recipient:
Fiscal
year
2001
[
In
millions
of
dollars]

Agency
Total
Local
education
agencies
State
education
agencies
College
students
Institutions
of
higher
education
Federal
Multiple
types
of
recipients
Other
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
2
.........................................................................................
$
128,149.7
$
28,184.7
$
7,309.5
$
25,082.9
$
41,866.2
$
3,821.6
$
14,783.7
$
7,100.9
Total
program
funds
­
on­
budget
........................................
$
92,774.5
$
28,184.7
$
6,259.0
$
10,190.5
$
29,735.4
$
3,821.6
$
14,783.7
 
$
200.6
Department
of
Education
............................................................
36,754.1
17,635.0
4,919.4
6,187.3
6,104.1
614.3
2,332.8
 
1,039.1
Department
of
Agriculture
..........................................................
11,029.5
9,564.5
477.1
 
534.2
20.4
 
433.4
Department
of
Commerce
..........................................................
130.5
 
 
 
130.5
 
 
 
Department
of
Defense
..............................................................
4,476.2
218.4
 
368.1
2,066.6
1,507.7
315.3
 
Department
of
Energy
................................................................
3,535.2
 
 
 
3,535.2
 
 
 
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
..............................
19,467.4
584.2
 
1,236.4
11,572.1
246.0
5,828.7
 
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
......................
1.1
 
 
 
1.1
 
 
 
Department
of
the
Interior
..........................................................
1,095.1
27.5
4.4
30.2
191.7
488.4
352.9
 
Department
of
Justice
................................................................
286.8
 
 
 
18.0
268.8
 
 
Department
of
Labor
..................................................................
5,633.6
 
844.2
 
5.6
 
4,783.8
 
Department
of
State
...................................................................
394.3
 
 
 
 
73.3
321.0
 
Department
of
Transportation
....................................................
139.0
 
 
4.0
64.1
62.2
0.7
8.0
Department
of
the
Treasury
.......................................................
92.0
 
 
 
 
92.0
 
 
Department
of
Veterans
Affairs
..................................................
2,106.0
 
14.0
2,092.0
 
 
 
 
Other
agencies
and
programs
Agency
for
International
Development
.......................................
409.7
 
 
 
13.7
 
 
396.0
Appalachian
Regional
Commission
............................................
7.3
 
 
 
2.3
 
5.0
 
Barry
Goldwater
Scholarship
and
Excellence
in
Education
Foundation
............................................................
3.0
 
 
 
 
 
3.0
 
Corporation
for
National
and
Community
Service
.....................
498.0
 
 
 
 
 
498.0
 
Environmental
Protection
Agency
..............................................
151.6
 
 
 
151.6
 
 
 
Estimated
education
share
of
federal
aid
to
the
District
of
Columbia
...............................................................
158.1
144.6
 
 
12.5
 
1.0
 
Federal
Emergency
Management
Agency
.................................
12.5
10.5
 
 
 
 
2.0
 
General
Services
Administration
................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Harry
S
Truman
scholarship
fund
..............................................
3.0
 
 
 
 
 
3.0
 
Institute
of
American
Indian
and
Alaskan
Native
Culture
and
Arts
Development
..............................................
4.0
 
 
 
 
 
4.0
 
Institute
of
Library
and
Museum
Services
..................................
165.0
 
 
 
 
 
165.0
 
James
Madison
Memorial
Fellowship
Foundation
.....................
2.0
 
 
 
 
 
2.0
 
Japanese­
United
States
Friendship
Commission
......................
3.0
 
 
 
 
 
3.0
 
Library
of
Congress
....................................................................
305.0
 
 
 
 
305.0
 
 
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
........................
2,097.9
 
 
 
2,091.7
 
6.2
 
National
Archives
and
Records
Administration
..........................
142.7
 
 
 
 
142.7
 
 
National
Commission
on
Libraries
and
Information
Science
...............................................................
1.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.0
National
Endowment
for
the
Arts
...............................................
10.1
 
 
 
 
 
10.1
 
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities
....................................
100.3
 
 
 
 
 
100.3
 
National
Science
Foundation
.....................................................
3,495.5
 
 
272.5
3,223.0
 
 
 
Nuclear
Regulatory
Commission
................................................
10.8
 
 
 
10.8
 
 
 
Smithsonian
Institution
...............................................................
31.8
 
 
 
 
0.8
31.0
 
U.
S.
Arms
Control
and
Disarmament
Agency
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Information
Agency3
...........................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.
S.
Institute
of
Peace
...............................................................
15.0
 
 
 
 
 
15.0
 
Other
agencies
...........................................................................
6.5
 
 
 
6.5
 
 
 
Off­
budget
support
and
nonfederal
funds
generated
by
federal
legislation
.........................................
35,375.2
 
1,050.5
14,892.4
12,130.8
 
 
7,301.5
 
Not
available
or
applicable.
1
Other
recipients
include
Indian
tribes,
private
nonprofit
agencies,
and
banks.
2
Includes
on­
budget
support,
off­
budget
support,
and
nonfederal
funds
generated
by
federal
legislation.
Excludes
federal
tax
expenditures.
3
This
agency's
education
funds
were
transferred
to
the
U.
S.
Department
of
State.

NOTE:
Outlays
by
type
of
recipient
are
estimated
based
on
obligation
data.
Negative
amounts
occur
when
program
receipts
exceed
outlays.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Office
of
the
Under
Secretary,
unpublished
tabulations;
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Fiscal
Year
2002;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development
Fiscal
Years
1999,
2000,
and
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
430
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
366.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
obligated
for
programs
administered
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education:
Fiscal
years
1980
to
2001
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

Program
In
current
dollars
1980
1985
1990
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
2
20013
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
...................................................................................
$
14,102,165
$
18,818,201
$
25,214,923
$
31,453,000
$
35,830,000
$
35,663,000
$
33,506,000
$
40,048,000
$
48,360,000
Elementary
and
secondary
education
...................................
4,239,022
4,732,864
7,169,693
9,124,000
10,387,000
11,009,000
8,578,000
12,582,000
16,371,000
Grants
for
the
disadvantaged
...........................................
3,204,664
3,745,855
5,383,960
7,200,000
7,831,000
7,801,000
3,723,000
8,680,000
9,020,000
School
improvement
programs
.........................................
788,918
748,000
1,524,001
1,343,000
1,428,000
1,538,000
3,085,000
1,628,000
4,928,000
Bilingual
education
............................................................
169,540
171,605
188,152
206,000
261,000
354,000
379,000
406,000
460,000
Indian
education
...............................................................
75,900
67,404
73,580
81,000
61,000
63,000
66,000
77,000
116,000
Education
Reform
­
Goals
2000
.......................................
 
 
 
294,000
806,000
1,253,000
1,325,000
1,791,000
1,847,000
School
assistance
in
federally
affected
areas
.......................
812,873
695,746
815,573
783,000
737,000
843,000
912,000
910,000
1,001,000
Maintenance
and
operations
............................................
690,000
665,000
717,354
715,000
680,000
738,000
782,000
825,000
983,000
Construction
......................................................................
110,873
23,037
22,929
2,000
12,000
16,000
24,000
11,000
13,000
Disaster
assistance
...........................................................
12,000
7,709
75,290
66,000
45,000
89,000
106,000
74,000
5,000
Education
for
the
handicapped
.............................................
1,555,253
2,666,056
3,480,122
5,767,000
6,552,000
7,489,000
7,993,000
4,872,000
9,177,000
State
grant
programs
........................................................
815,805
1,245,219
1,258,871
2,467,000
3,066,000
3,841,000
4,346,000
1,204,000
5,198,000
Early
childhood
education
4
..............................................
38,745
27,625
280,341
661,000
723,000
798,000
747,000
711,000
894,000
Special
centers,
projects,
and
research
...........................
55,075
53,430
72,966
132,000
124,000
123,000
129,000
130,000
157,000
Captioned
films
and
media
services
................................
17,778
35,670
15,191
19,000
46,000
52,000
35,000
36,000
39,000
Personnel
training
.............................................................
55,375
68,025
70,838
91,000
81,000
81,000
81,000
82,000
81,000
Handicapped
rehabilitation
service
and
research
............
572,475
1,236,087
1,781,915
2,397,000
2,512,000
2,594,000
2,655,000
2,709,000
2,808,000
Vocational
education
and
adult
programs
.............................
1,153,743
856,271
1,138,674
1,461,000
1,484,000
1,506,000
1,524,000
866,000
1,819,000
Basic
programs
5
...............................................................
744,653
725,624
858,716
1,004,000
1,015,000
1,027,000
1,023,000
284,000
1,132,000
Consumer
and
homemaking
............................................
63,169
33,138
34,517
1,000
 
 
 
 
 
Program
improvement
and
supportive
services
...............
162,512
5,202
 
 
100,000
106,000
105,000
103,000
106,000
State
planning
and
advisory
councils
...............................
13,423
7,584
7,923
9,000
 
 
 
 
 
Adult
education,
grants
to
states
......................................
153,724
84,723
188,280
299,000
354,000
360,000
379,000
463,000
558,000
Other
6
...............................................................................
16,262
 
49,238
148,000
15,000
13,000
17,000
16,000
23,000
Postsecondary
student
financial
assistance
.........................
5,108,534
8,534,205
11,112,068
11,976,000
14,416,000
12,635,000
11,685,000
17,918,000
16,512,000
Educational
opportunity
grants
7
.......................................
2,534,378
3,558,440
4,919,264
6,484,000
8,158,000
7,327,000
6,688,000
11,406,000
9,406,000
Work­
study
........................................................................
596,065
599,467
615,269
620,000
825,000
838,000
876,000
944,000
1,014,000
Perkins
loan
program
.......................................................
322,749
219,850
157,415
187,000
182,000
169,000
132,000
134,000
160,000
Federal
Family
Education
Loan
program
8
.......................
1,597,877
4,130,920
5,341,039
3,481,000
4,278,000
3,320,000
3,379,000
4,587,000
3,900,000
Other
student
assistance
programs
9
...............................
57,465
25,528
79,081
1,204,000
973,000
981,000
610,000
847,000
2,032,000
Direct
aid
to
postsecondary
institutions
................................
277,068
329,714
341,634
780,000
887,000
946,000
1,304,000
1,418,000
1,822,000
Aid
to
minority
and
developing
institutions
.......................
114,680
140,374
99,812
231,000
321,000
326,000
407,000
459,000
655,000
Special
programs
for
the
disadvantaged
..........................
147,389
174,940
241,822
549,000
566,000
620,000
897,000
959,000
1,167,000
Cooperative
education
......................................................
14,999
14,400
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Postsecondary
facilities
.........................................................
268,493
194,556
84,305
46,000
24,000
26,000
24,000
22,000
17,000
Construction
loans
and
insurance
....................................
35,362
33,188
30,000
15,000
1,000
1,000
2,000
2,000
3,000
Interest
subsidy
grants
.....................................................
24,626
24,968
38,741
21,000
 
 
 
 
 
College
housing
loans
......................................................
208,505
136,400
15,564
10,000
23,000
25,000
22,000
20,000
14,000
Other
postsecondary
education
programs
............................
34,927
74,340
188,999
120,000
 
 
 
 
 
International
education
and
foreign
languages
10
............
19,977
32,050
86,337
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funds
for
Improvement
of
Postsecondary
Education
11
..
12,000
12,710
99,450
116,000
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
Other
.................................................................................
2,950
29,580
3,212
4,000
 
 
 
 
 
Public
library
services
............................................................
101,218
116,027
132,583
150,000
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)

Public
library
services
.......................................................
66,451
75,000
82,505
83,000
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Interlibrary
cooperation
.....................................................
 
18,000
19,551
24,000
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Public
library
construction
.................................................
 
16,027
14,837
24,000
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Research
libraries
.............................................................
5,992
6,000
6,593
 
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Other
.................................................................................
28,775
1,000
9,097
19,000
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)

Payments
to
special
institutions
............................................
273,860
253,622
292,736
340,000
324,000
343,000
349,000
367,000
386,000
American
Printing
House
for
the
Blind
.............................
4,349
5,500
5,663
7,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
12,000
National
Technical
Institute
for
the
Deaf
..........................
19,799
31,400
35,594
43,000
43,000
44,000
46,000
48,000
53,000
Gallaudet
College
.............................................................
49,409
59,092
67,643
80,000
79,000
81,000
83,000
86,000
89,000
Howard
University
.............................................................
200,303
157,630
183,836
210,000
195,000
210,000
211,000
223,000
232,000
Departmental
accounts
..........................................................
277,174
364,800
458,536
906,000
1,019,000
866,000
1,137,000
1,093,000
1,255,000
Educational
research
and
improvement
...........................
51,415
60,556
87,074
327,000
598,000
425,000
675,000
595,000
730,000
Departmental
management
account
................................
223,857
300,885
370,844
579,000
416,000
434,000
462,000
498,000
525,000
Other
.................................................................................
1,875
3,349
 
 
5,000
7,000
 
 
 
Trust
funds
........................................................................
27
10
618
 
 
 
 
 
 
431
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
366.
 
Federal
on­
budget
funds
obligated
for
programs
administered
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education:
Fiscal
years
1980
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

Program
In
constant
2001
dollars
1
1980
1985
1990
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
2
2001
3
1
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Total
...................................................................................
$
28,840,479
$
28,696,849
$
33,020,892
$
35,612,394
$
38,831,337
$
38,164,275
$
35,259,073
$
41,099,450
$
48,360,000
Elementary
and
secondary
education
...................................
8,669,266
7,217,389
9,389,268
10,330,572
11,257,078
11,781,132
9,026,811
12,912,337
16,371,000
Grants
for
the
disadvantaged
............................................
6,553,890
5,712,248
7,050,712
8,152,139
8,486,972
8,348,134
3,917,792
8,907,891
9,020,000
School
improvement
programs
..........................................
1,613,424
1,140,664
1,995,797
1,520,600
1,547,618
1,645,870
3,246,411
1,670,743
4,928,000
Bilingual
education
.............................................................
346,728
261,689
246,400
233,242
282,863
378,828
398,830
416,659
460,000
Indian
education
.................................................................
155,224
102,788
96,359
91,712
66,110
67,419
69,453
79,022
116,000
Education
Reform
­
Goals
2000
........................................
 
 
 
332,879
873,515
1,340,881
1,394,326
1,838,022
1,847,000
School
assistance
in
federally
affected
areas
.......................
1,662,415
1,060,979
1,068,056
886,545
798,736
902,125
959,717
933,892
1,001,000
Maintenance
and
operations
.............................................
1,411,126
1,014,093
939,431
809,553
736,961
789,761
822,915
846,660
983,000
Construction
.......................................................................
226,747
35,130
30,027
2,264
13,005
17,122
25,256
11,289
13,000
Disaster
assistance
............................................................
24,541
11,756
98,598
74,728
48,769
95,242
111,546
75,943
5,000
Education
for
the
handicapped
.............................................
3,180,663
4,065,607
4,557,489
6,529,637
7,100,835
8,014,252
8,411,203
4,999,913
9,177,000
State
grant
programs
.........................................................
1,668,411
1,898,899
1,648,589
2,793,240
3,322,827
4,110,394
4,573,388
1,235,611
5,198,000
Early
childhood
education
4
...............................................
79,238
42,127
367,128
748,412
783,563
853,969
786,084
729,667
894,000
Special
centers,
projects,
and
research
............................
112,634
81,478
95,555
149,456
134,387
131,627
135,749
133,413
157,000
Captioned
films
and
media
services
..................................
36,358
54,395
19,894
21,513
49,853
55,647
36,831
36,945
39,000
Personnel
training
..............................................................
113,248
103,735
92,768
103,034
87,785
86,681
85,238
84,153
81,000
Handicapped
rehabilitation
service
and
research
.............
1,170,774
1,884,973
2,333,556
2,713,983
2,722,420
2,775,934
2,793,913
2,780,124
2,808,000
Vocational
education
and
adult
programs
.............................
2,359,531
1,305,772
1,491,182
1,654,205
1,608,309
1,611,625
1,603,737
888,737
1,819,000
Basic
programs
5
................................................................
1,522,897
1,106,542
1,124,555
1,136,771
1,100,023
1,099,030
1,076,525
291,456
1,132,000
Consumer
and
homemaking
..............................................
129,188
50,534
45,203
1,132
 
 
 
 
 
Program
improvement
and
supportive
services
................
332,355
7,933
 
 
108,377
113,434
110,494
105,704
106,000
State
planning
and
advisory
councils
................................
27,452
11,565
10,376
10,190
 
 
 
 
 
Adult
education,
grants
to
states
.......................................
314,382
129,198
246,567
338,540
383,653
385,249
398,830
475,156
558,000
Other
6
................................................................................
33,258
 
64,481
167,572
16,256
13,912
17,889
16,420
23,000
Postsecondary
student
financial
assistance
.........................
10,447,514
13,014,251
14,552,113
13,559,725
15,623,571
13,521,173
12,296,373
18,388,433
16,512,000
Educational
opportunity
grants
7
........................................
5,183,082
5,426,449
6,442,157
7,341,454
8,841,363
7,840,889
7,037,924
11,705,462
9,406,000
Work­
study
.........................................................................
1,219,018
914,158
805,742
701,990
894,107
896,774
921,833
968,784
1,014,000
Perkins
loan
program
.........................................................
660,057
335,261
206,147
211,729
197,245
180,853
138,906
137,518
160,000
Federal
Family
Education
Loan
program
8
........................
3,267,834
6,299,454
6,994,504
3,941,333
4,636,351
3,552,853
3,555,793
4,707,431
3,900,000
Other
student
assistance
programs
9
................................
117,522
38,929
103,563
1,363,219
1,054,504
1,049,804
641,916
869,238
2,032,000
Direct
aid
to
postsecondary
institutions
................................
566,635
502,798
447,396
883,148
961,300
1,012,349
1,372,227
1,455,229
1,822,000
Aid
to
minority
and
developing
institutions
........................
234,533
214,064
130,712
261,548
347,889
348,864
428,295
471,051
655,000
Special
programs
for
the
disadvantaged
...........................
301,427
266,775
316,685
621,601
613,412
663,485
943,932
984,178
1,167,000
Cooperative
education
.......................................................
30,675
21,959
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Postsecondary
facilities
.........................................................
549,098
296,689
110,404
52,083
26,010
27,824
25,256
22,578
17,000
Construction
loans
and
insurance
.....................................
72,319
50,610
39,287
16,984
1,084
1,070
2,105
2,053
3,000
Interest
subsidy
grants
.......................................................
50,363
38,075
50,734
23,777
 
 
 
 
 
College
housing
loans
.......................................................
426,416
208,003
20,382
11,322
24,927
26,753
23,151
20,525
14,000
Other
postsecondary
education
programs
............................
71,430
113,365
247,509
135,869
 
 
 
 
 
International
education
and
foreign
languages
10
..............
40,855
48,875
113,065
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funds
for
Improvement
of
Postsecondary
Education
11
...
24,541
19,382
130,237
131,340
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
(
12)
Other
..................................................................................
6,033
45,108
4,206
4,529
 
 
 
 
 
Public
library
services
............................................................
207,002
176,936
173,628
169,836
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)

Public
library
services
........................................................
135,900
114,371
108,047
93,976
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Interlibrary
cooperation
......................................................
 
27,449
25,604
27,174
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Public
library
construction
..................................................
 
24,440
19,430
27,174
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Research
libraries
..............................................................
12,254
9,150
8,634
 
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
Other
..................................................................................
58,848
1,525
11,913
21,513
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)
(
13)

Payments
to
special
institutions
............................................
560,074
386,761
383,360
384,962
351,140
367,057
367,260
376,635
386,000
American
Printing
House
for
the
Blind
..............................
8,894
8,387
7,416
7,926
7,586
8,561
9,471
10,263
12,000
National
Technical
Institute
for
the
Deaf
...........................
40,491
47,883
46,613
48,686
46,602
47,086
48,407
49,260
53,000
Gallaudet
College
..............................................................
101,047
90,112
88,584
90,579
85,618
86,681
87,343
88,258
89,000
Howard
University
..............................................................
409,642
240,378
240,747
237,771
211,334
224,729
222,040
228,855
232,000
Departmental
accounts
..........................................................
566,851
556,302
600,488
1,025,811
1,104,358
926,738
1,196,489
1,121,696
1,255,000
Educational
research
and
improvement
............................
105,149
92,345
114,030
370,243
648,092
454,808
710,317
610,622
730,000
Departmental
management
account
..................................
457,812
458,835
485,649
655,568
450,847
464,439
486,172
511,075
525,000
Other
..................................................................................
3,835
5,107
 
 
5,419
7,491
 
 
 
Trust
funds
.........................................................................
55
15
809
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
applicable.
1
Data
adjusted
by
the
federal
funds
composite
deflator
prepared
by
the
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget.
2
Revised
from
previously
published
data.
3
Estimated.
4
Includes
preschool
incentive
grants.
5
Includes
programs
of
national
significance
and
special
programs
for
the
disadvantaged
6
Includes
national
programs
for
research,
demonstrations,
evaluation
and
technical
assistance,
literacy
training
for
homeless
adults,
and
some
other
small
programs.
7
Includes
Pell
Grants;
Supplemental
Education
Opportunity
Grants;
Leveraging
Educational
Assistance
Partnership
Program,
formerly
the
State
Student
Incentive
Grants;
and
Income
Contingent
Loans.
8
Formerly
the
Guaranteed
Student
Loan
program.
9
Includes
Federal
Direct
Student
Loan
program
starting
in
fiscal
year
1994.
Other
programs
include
teacher
quality
enhancement
and
community
scholarship
mobilization.
10
Starting
in
fiscal
year
1994,
this
program
is
included
under
the
program,
``
Funds
for
Improvement
of
Postsecondary
Education.''

11
International
education
and
foreign
languages
are
included
under
this
program
starting
in
fiscal
year
1994.

12
This
program
is
included
under
the
``
Special
programs
for
the
disadvantaged''
program

13
This
program
was
transferred
to
the
Institute
of
Museum
and
Library
Services
in
fiscal
year
1997.

NOTE:
Data
presented
in
this
tabulation
are
obligations,
which
differ
from
outlay
figures
reported
in
other
tables
in
this
chapter.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government
fiscal
years
1982
to
2002.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
432
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
367.
 
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
outlays,
by
level
of
education
and
type
of
recipient:
Fiscal
years
1980
to
2001
[
In
millions
of
current
dollars]

Year
and
area
of
education
Total
Local
education
agencies
State
education
agencies
College
students
Postsecondary
institutions
Federal
Multiple
types
of
recipients
Other
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1980
total
$
13,137.8
$
5,313.7
$
1,103.2
$
2,137.4
$
2,267.2
$
249.8
$
693.8
$
1,372.7
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
6,629.1
5,309.4
662.2
34.2
22.0
62.5
513.4
25.5
Postsecondary
education
.........................
5,682.2
 
99.5
2,103.2
2,166.5
 
 
1,313.0
Other
programs
........................................
747.7
4.3
341.5
 
 
187.3
180.4
34.2
Education
research
and
statistics
............
78.7
 
 
 
78.7
 
 
 
1984
total
15,534.7
5,256.5
1,879.0
2,193.4
2,167.4
330.2
516.7
3,191.4
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
6,220.8
5,252.4
536.0
55.5
35.3
22.9
259.9
58.8
Postsecondary
education
.........................
7,341.2
 
211.5
2,137.9
1,972.5
 
 
3,019.3
Other
programs
........................................
1,813.1
4.1
1,131.5
 
 
307.3
256.8
113.3
Education
research
and
statistics
............
159.6
 
 
 
159.6
 
 
 
1986
total
17,740.1
6,435.1
1,823.3
2,685.9
2,637.2
265.4
625.8
3,267.5
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
7,552.0
6,432.1
558.5
68.3
45.2
2.2
372.0
73.8
Postsecondary
education
.........................
8,444.9
 
215.6
2,617.6
2,523.0
 
 
3,088.7
Other
programs
........................................
1,674.2
3.0
1,049.2
 
 
263.2
253.8
105.0
Education
research
and
statistics
............
69.0
 
 
 
69.0
 
 
 
1988
total
18,326.9
6,614.8
2,234.6
3,103.4
2,519.5
319.4
838.8
2,696.3
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
8,098.4
6,606.3
717.9
66.2
39.5
23.8
616.7
28.0
Postsecondary
education
.........................
8,247.1
 
184.6
3,037.2
2,437.6
 
 
2,587.7
Other
programs
........................................
1,939.0
8.5
1,332.1
 
 
295.6
222.1
80.6
Education
research
and
statistics
............
42.4
 
 
 
42.4
 
 
 
1990
total
23,198.6
8,000.7
2,490.3
3,859.6
3,649.8
441.4
912.2
3,844.4
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
9,681.3
7,995.0
700.3
80.5
85.4
113.1
650.7
56.3
Postsecondary
education
.........................
11,176.0
 
261.6
3,779.1
3,475.0
 
 
3,660.4
Other
programs
........................................
2,251.8
5.7
1,528.5
 
 
328.3
261.5
127.8
Education
research
and
statistics
............
89.5
 
 
 
89.5
 
 
 
1996
total
29,977.8
11,077.8
3,669.6
5,129.8
5,053.4
562.1
1,682.3
2,802.9
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
14,323.8
11,073.1
1,650.7
161.1
141.5
59.2
1,201.4
36.8
Postsecondary
education
.........................
12,257.6
 
90.7
4,968.7
4,601.0
 
 
2,597.2
Other
programs
........................................
3,085.6
4.7
1,928.2
 
 
502.9
480.9
168.9
Education
research
and
statistics
............
310.9
 
 
 
310.9
 
 
 
1998
total
31,559.0
12,094.5
3,978.2
5,362.0
5,910.2
465.8
1,769.0
1,979.3
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
16,001.8
12,086.7
1,920.5
265.5
162.4
52.7
1,454.7
59.3
Postsecondary
education
.........................
12,122.3
 
57.8
5,096.5
5,206.6
 
 
1,761.4
Other
programs
........................................
2,893.7
7.8
1,999.9
 
 
413.1
314.3
158.6
Education
research
and
statistics
............
541.2
 
 
 
541.2
 
 
 
1999
total
34,344.1
13,145.3
4,156.3
6,076.1
6,474.8
502.0
1,750.4
2,239.1
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
17,026.7
13,137.6
1,901.5
285.6
175.2
62.1
1,395.2
69.4
Postsecondary
education
.........................
13,715.6
 
79.5
5,790.5
5,821.1
 
 
2,024.5
Other
programs
........................................
3,123.3
7.7
2,175.2
 
 
439.9
355.2
145.2
Education
research
and
statistics
............
478.5
 
 
 
478.5
 
 
 
2000
total
34,106.7
16,016.0
4,316.5
4,711.7
5,005.7
506.6
1,820.2
1,730.1
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
20,039.6
16,003.5
1,989.6
260.5
198.9
48.5
1,461.8
76.8
Postsecondary
education
.........................
10,727.3
 
55.2
4,451.2
4,690.3
 
 
1,530.6
Other
programs
........................................
3,223.4
12.5
2,271.7
 
 
458.1
358.4
122.7
Education
research
and
statistics
............
116.5
 
 
 
116.5
 
 
 
2001
total
36,754.1
17,635.0
4,919.4
6,187.3
6,104.1
614.3
2,332.8
 
1,039.1
Elementary/
secondary
..............................
22,931.4
17,619.8
2,523.8
380.5
280.2
58.5
1,969.5
99.0
Postsecondary
education
.........................
10,026.8
 
51.0
5,806.8
5,458.5
 
 
 
1,289.5
Other
programs
........................................
3,430.4
15.2
2,344.6
 
 
555.8
363.3
151.4
Education
research
and
statistics
............
365.4
 
 
 
365.4
 
 
 
 
Not
available
or
applicable.

NOTE:
Negative
amounts
occur
when
program
receipts
exceed
outlays.
Other
recipients
include
American
Indian
tribes,
private
nonprofit
agencies,
and
banks.
Outlays
by
type
of
recipient
are
estimated
based
on
obligation
data.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Budget
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
Fiscal
Years
1982
to
2002,
and
Catalog
of
Federal
Domestic
Assistance;
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development,
Fiscal
Years
1980
to
2001;
and
unpublished
data
obtained
from
various
federal
agencies.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
433
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
368.
 
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
appropriations
for
major
programs,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
year
2000
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total
Grants
for
the
disadvantaged
1
Block
grants
to
states
for
school
improvement
2
School
assistance
in
federally
affected
areas
3
Vocational
and
adult
education
4
Education
for
the
handicapped
5
Bilingual
education
6
Indian
education
Higher
and
continuing
education
7
Student
financial
assistance
8
Rehabilitation
services
9
Goals
2000
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total
............................................
$
33,317,494
$
8,720,086
$
2,468,800
$
797,252
$
1,625,650
$
5,754,685
$
400,336
$
62,000
$
1,496,901
$
8,668,857
$
2,439,927
$
883,000
Alabama
..........................................
560,928
140,529
38,444
2,279
30,179
90,546
823
1,056
50,167
142,453
50,507
13,944
Alaska
..............................................
183,006
27,461
11,809
86,997
5,292
17,491
1,832
6,772
6,203
6,350
8,803
3,995
Arizona
............................................
642,204
137,811
38,390
123,391
27,336
84,540
16,387
7,388
15,228
137,900
40,416
13,416
Arkansas
.........................................
309,420
88,797
23,384
483
18,129
55,705
418
136
18,049
65,031
30,680
8,608
California
.........................................
3,817,718
1,146,489
278,400
44,807
181,684
591,409
107,368
4,395
110,155
1,013,210
235,975
103,827
Colorado
..........................................
369,229
82,336
28,706
6,011
19,136
71,288
9,205
483
16,938
96,151
29,870
9,105
Connecticut
.....................................
294,560
78,685
24,401
6,263
14,747
69,624
4,234
16
9,320
60,613
18,291
8,367
Delaware
.........................................
89,081
23,304
11,809
24
5,923
16,286
160
0
4,774
14,136
8,845
3,821
District
of
Columbia
.........................
406,171
28,293
11,810
774
6,008
8,708
3,480
0
295,124
36,053
11,941
3,978
Florida
..............................................
1,602,261
411,790
111,473
7,796
81,062
310,874
29,208
51
36,922
454,756
117,857
40,473
Georgia
............................................
793,071
232,414
63,820
6,707
46,044
147,275
3,884
0
43,970
156,986
68,948
23,023
Hawaii
..............................................
141,887
22,788
11,809
29,818
7,556
19,472
2,329
0
13,012
21,365
9,882
3,856
Idaho
...............................................
137,379
29,651
11,809
4,872
8,529
26,409
2,392
256
4,095
32,011
13,332
4,023
Illinois
..............................................
1,251,873
351,095
103,257
9,658
63,185
257,164
16,983
56
46,238
278,992
88,493
36,752
Indiana
.............................................
614,929
128,995
43,285
98
35,603
132,528
556
8
20,421
181,781
57,284
14,371
Iowa
.................................................
294,331
58,323
20,389
142
17,035
63,504
2,055
133
15,107
82,905
28,074
6,665
Kansas
............................................
290,373
71,403
20,410
11,188
15,185
54,665
3,621
401
16,164
66,335
23,990
7,012
Kentucky
..........................................
473,509
146,282
37,741
288
28,284
85,232
848
0
20,906
94,553
45,481
13,894
Louisiana
.........................................
620,131
206,779
54,055
4,831
32,660
89,743
1,829
532
32,482
136,519
40,864
19,838
Maine
...............................................
160,957
38,495
11,821
2,005
7,632
29,529
1,880
72
7,192
43,747
14,352
4,232
Maryland
..........................................
449,923
111,558
37,613
5,215
24,475
101,790
2,611
137
25,967
92,118
36,015
12,424
Massachusetts
.................................
731,823
166,944
47,038
996
27,763
147,718
9,978
99
25,716
244,424
44,317
16,830
Michigan
..........................................
1,072,981
365,274
98,019
2,073
55,435
193,507
4,625
2,484
27,613
203,475
85,039
35,437
Minnesota
........................................
489,513
96,754
35,744
7,833
24,194
99,098
3,355
2,427
18,834
150,104
39,857
11,315
Mississippi
.......................................
450,504
133,656
34,936
2,724
20,933
58,086
250
228
24,249
125,964
36,741
12,736
Missouri
...........................................
605,672
146,046
43,550
8,959
33,087
116,832
1,679
20
20,055
167,146
53,047
15,252
Montana
..........................................
161,892
29,030
11,809
34,772
6,783
18,292
4,903
2,137
11,012
28,545
10,578
4,029
Nebraska
.........................................
183,278
39,439
12,530
10,503
9,747
38,714
2,498
465
7,437
41,139
16,182
4,622
Nevada
............................................
124,192
25,655
12,361
3,427
8,517
31,979
1,723
519
2,779
21,157
12,005
4,072
New
Hampshire
...............................
114,716
21,716
11,809
6
7,281
25,219
600
0
3,028
31,266
9,999
3,791
New
Jersey
......................................
742,337
192,633
58,911
12,010
37,677
187,560
7,938
55
16,762
160,034
48,564
20,194
New
Mexico
.....................................
339,892
71,822
18,918
68,844
11,842
46,939
11,017
4,976
14,408
64,179
20,004
6,942
New
York
.........................................
2,742,061
788,665
196,075
10,401
91,096
399,007
49,571
1,106
58,737
947,674
126,578
73,151
North
Carolina
.................................
740,448
167,593
53,930
7,991
45,672
154,116
2,770
2,158
47,310
167,267
73,908
17,734
North
Dakota
...................................
120,139
21,724
11,809
17,868
5,716
13,363
1,994
1,005
5,862
28,163
8,829
3,804
Ohio
.................................................
1,253,437
325,709
94,757
1,315
65,537
213,123
1,471
0
30,856
380,623
106,084
33,961
Oklahoma
........................................
449,009
104,671
28,622
21,442
22,984
72,632
10,785
12,702
30,425
97,273
37,007
10,465
Oregon
............................................
337,792
86,601
24,523
2,260
18,082
64,268
5,236
1,524
8,783
88,913
29,030
8,572
Pennsylvania
...................................
1,303,844
367,086
102,298
1,019
65,572
210,747
3,320
0
33,396
375,100
108,253
37,054
Rhode
Island
...................................
136,848
27,035
11,809
2,207
7,814
23,624
1,828
0
4,311
44,520
9,687
4,012
South
Carolina
................................
460,646
108,708
30,640
2,802
26,310
90,283
631
40
30,165
117,282
42,762
11,026
South
Dakota
..................................
179,554
22,458
11,809
26,434
5,833
16,064
2,313
1,898
3,665
76,241
8,983
3,855
Tennessee
.......................................
559,590
143,936
42,120
1,225
34,579
115,548
1,199
0
27,215
123,339
55,474
14,955
Texas
...............................................
2,487,610
761,842
196,647
34,588
123,329
447,709
34,834
166
86,574
556,314
173,698
71,910
Utah
.................................................
246,698
39,773
16,940
6,058
15,240
52,370
3,812
690
7,734
76,778
22,023
5,279
Vermont
...........................................
103,645
20,118
11,809
3
5,497
13,033
325
90
5,769
34,348
8,850
3,802
Virginia
............................................
931,946
128,079
45,696
26,640
37,012
139,696
3,616
16
32,543
449,013
55,079
14,557
Washington
.....................................
566,031
131,009
42,116
31,333
28,432
107,819
6,692
3,146
25,216
134,306
42,063
13,898
West
Virginia
...................................
247,791
78,314
20,273
10
13,445
40,267
152
0
16,066
47,984
23,846
7,435
Wisconsin
........................................
560,242
135,901
42,422
9,021
30,337
108,416
3,076
1,852
27,379
137,714
49,350
14,773
Wyoming
.........................................
88,031
19,715
11,809
7,819
5,236
13,737
761
287
3,798
13,403
7,708
3,759
Indian
Tribe
(
Set­
Aside)
..................
172,002
54,926
9,632
0
13,196
65,803
0
0
0
0
23,445
5,000
Other
...............................................
146,244
26,450
2,529
79,788
12,011
20,243
460
19
0
0
969
3,775
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.............................
15,927
5,757
1,923
0
388
5,546
177
0
259
33
1,098
746
Guam
...............................................
31,826
5,277
4,476
0
792
13,281
995
0
1,283
2,694
2,281
746
Marshall
Islands
..............................
908
0
0
0
81
0
211
0
449
33
0
134
Micronesia
.......................................
7,463
0
0
0
81
0
587
0
1,675
4,724
0
395
Northern
Mariana
Islands
................
11,059
3,064
1,095
0
538
3,449
341
0
1,025
72
1,074
402
Palau
...............................................
803
0
0
0
81
0
488
0
0
234
0
0
Puerto
Rico
.....................................
864,794
283,611
69,083
1,056
30,946
52,966
1,689
0
24,407
311,911
63,525
25,600
Virgin
Islands
...................................
31,365
9,814
3,694
179
872
9,848
338
0
1,672
1,503
2,088
1,357
1
Title
I,
formerly
called
Chapter
1,
Education
Consolidation
and
Improvement
Act
of
1981,
includes
Grants
to
Local
Education
Agencies,
Title
1
Accountability
grants,
Migrant
Education
 
Basic
State
Grants,
Program
for
Neglected
and
Delinquent
Children,
Capital
Expenses
for
Private
School
Children,
Demonstrations
of
Comprehensive
School
Reform
and
Even
Start
 
State
Educational
Agencies.

2
Title
VI,
formerly
called
Chapter
2,
Education
Consolidation
and
Improvement
Act
of
1981,
includes
Eisenhower
Professional
Development
Grants,
Safe
and
Drug­
Free
Schools
and
Communities
 
State
Grants,
Education
for
Homeless
Children
and
Youth,
Class
Size
Reduction,
School
Renovation,
and
Innovative
Education
Program
Strategies.

3
Impact
Aid
 
Basic
Support
Payments
and
Impact
Aid
 
Payments
for
Children
with
Disabilities.

4
Includes
Vocational
Education
State
Grants,
State
Grants
for
Incarcerated
Youth
Offenders
English
Literacy
and
Civics
Education
State
Grants,
Tech­
Prep
Education,
and
Adult
Education
State
Grant
Program.

5
Includes
Special
Education
 
Grants
to
States,
Preschool
Grants,
and
Grants
for
Infants
and
Families
with
Disabilities.

6
Includes
Immigrant
Education
Grants,
Foreign
Language
Assistance
Grants,
and
Bilingual
Education
State
Grants.

7
Includes
Institutional
Aid
to
Strengthen
Higher
Education
Institutions
serving
significant
numbers
of
low­
income
students,
Other
Special
Programs
for
the
Disadvantaged,
Cooperative
Education,
Fund
for
the
Improvement
of
Postsecondary
Education,
Fellowships
and
Scholarships,
and
annual
interest
subsidy
grants
for
facilities
construction.
8
Includes
Pell
Grants,
Leveraging
Educational
Assistance
Partnership,
formerly
the
State
Student
Incentive
Grants,
Federal
Supplemental
Educational
Opportunity
Grants,
Federal
Work­
Study,
and
Federal
Perkins
Loans­
Capital
Contributions,
and
Guaranteed
Student
Loan
interest
subsidies.
9
Includes
Rehabilitation
Services
 
Vocational
Rehabilitation
Grants
to
States,
Supported
Employment
State
Grants,
Client
Assistance
State
Grants,
and
Independent
Living
State
Grants,
Services
for
Older
Blind
Individuals,
Protection
and
Advocacy
for
Assistive
Technology,
and
Protection
and
Advocacy
of
Individual
Rights.
10
Includes
State
and
Local
Education
Systemic
Improvement
Grants
and
Technology
Literacy
Challenge
Fund
Grants.

NOTE:
Data
reflect
revisions
to
figures
in
the
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government
Fiscal
Year
2002.
To
the
extent
possible,
data
represent
appropriations
rather
than
outlays.
Because
of
the
exclusion
of
certain
programs,
totals
in
this
table
are
lower
than
those
reported
in
other
tables.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
based
on
unpublished
tabulations
from
the
Office
of
Management
and
Budget;
and
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Federal
Expenditures
by
State
for
Fiscal
Year
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
434
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
369.
 
Appropriations
for
Title
I
and
Title
VI,
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
(
ESEA)
of
1994,
by
state
or
other
area
and
type
of
appropriation:
1999
 
2000
and
2000
 
01
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Title
I
total,
school
year
1999
 
2000
1
Title
I,
2
school
year
2000
 
01
3
Title
VI
4
Total
Local
education
grants
Neglected
and
delinquent
children
Migrant
children
Other
5
1999
appropriations
for
1999
 
2000
2000
appropriations
for
2000
 
01
Total
6
Basic
grants
Concentration
grants
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total
7
........................................................................
$
8,289,582
$
8,500,086
$
7,807,397
$
6,578,695
$
1,146,813
$
42,000
$
354,689
$
296,000
$
375,000
$
365,750
Alabama
........................................................................
133,972
137,037
129,133
108,479
20,655
506
2,921
4,477
5,520
5,266
Alaska
............................................................................
27,672
26,916
19,089
16,079
3,011
170
6,628
1,029
1,862
1,816
Arizona
..........................................................................
130,818
134,330
121,897
101,967
19,930
1,715
6,343
4,375
6,408
6,443
Arkansas
........................................................................
85,004
86,627
79,071
67,442
11,629
274
4,485
2,797
3,443
3,278
California
.......................................................................
1,065,523
1,119,928
972,870
833,272
139,598
3,522
107,211
36,325
44,575
43,634
Colorado
........................................................................
78,218
80,052
71,304
60,668
10,636
315
6,052
2,381
5,258
5,280
Connecticut
....................................................................
74,468
76,604
70,351
59,917
10,434
883
2,804
2,566
4,078
4,144
Delaware
.......................................................................
22,269
22,764
21,268
16,447
4,822
109
319
1,066
1,862
1,816
District
of
Columbia
.......................................................
26,910
27,684
25,547
21,837
3,710
356
443
1,338
1,862
1,816
Florida
............................................................................
391,594
401,481
363,366
309,157
54,209
1,266
23,565
13,284
17,857
17,779
Georgia
..........................................................................
218,637
226,462
210,268
180,821
29,447
2,337
6,253
7,604
10,131
10,030
Hawaii
............................................................................
21,021
22,149
20,158
17,291
2,867
102
834
1,055
1,862
1,816
Idaho
..............................................................................
28,500
28,904
23,516
19,861
3,655
108
4,164
1,115
1,862
1,816
Illinois
.............................................................................
337,019
341,790
326,711
278,814
47,897
1,747
1,621
11,712
16,090
15,647
Indiana
...........................................................................
122,821
125,342
116,422
101,953
14,469
750
4,051
4,120
7,726
7,575
Iowa
...............................................................................
55,659
56,614
53,287
47,051
6,236
343
1,121
1,862
3,838
3,647
Kansas
...........................................................................
67,096
69,683
56,306
48,828
7,478
359
10,995
2,023
3,604
3,495
Kentucky
........................................................................
141,131
142,853
127,790
108,142
19,649
646
9,934
4,484
4,992
4,798
Louisiana
.......................................................................
198,517
201,813
191,236
161,738
29,498
909
2,842
6,826
6,216
5,949
Maine
.............................................................................
36,798
37,596
31,963
27,453
4,511
133
4,238
1,262
1,862
1,816
Maryland
........................................................................
105,879
108,414
102,604
87,769
14,834
1,678
472
3,660
6,531
6,538
Massachusetts
...............................................................
159,039
162,717
153,374
126,656
26,718
935
2,703
5,706
7,456
7,311
Michigan
........................................................................
351,442
356,370
334,366
278,187
56,179
732
9,612
11,660
13,123
12,948
Minnesota
......................................................................
92,688
93,893
87,986
76,903
11,083
224
2,538
3,145
6,625
6,454
Mississippi
.....................................................................
128,450
130,421
124,796
106,154
18,642
316
1,005
4,304
3,907
3,739
Missouri
.........................................................................
138,513
142,176
134,785
114,383
20,403
866
1,581
4,944
7,367
7,040
Montana
.........................................................................
27,542
28,302
26,320
22,393
3,927
62
744
1,176
1,862
1,816
Nebraska
.......................................................................
37,699
38,392
32,207
28,851
3,356
224
4,621
1,340
2,342
2,235
Nevada
..........................................................................
23,883
24,814
23,322
20,455
2,867
154
232
1,107
2,217
2,367
New
Hampshire
.............................................................
20,503
21,100
19,698
15,856
3,842
256
100
1,047
1,862
1,816
New
Jersey
....................................................................
182,896
187,507
177,216
148,612
28,604
2,245
1,589
6,456
10,135
9,916
New
Mexico
...................................................................
68,112
70,054
66,240
56,467
9,773
297
1,070
2,447
2,590
2,474
New
York
.......................................................................
751,931
769,871
731,360
621,037
110,323
2,574
7,977
27,959
23,004
21,917
North
Carolina
...............................................................
155,311
163,038
150,973
131,039
19,934
948
5,690
5,427
9,598
9,555
North
Dakota
.................................................................
20,736
21,194
19,821
16,447
3,374
44
263
1,067
1,862
1,816
Ohio
...............................................................................
312,305
317,133
302,372
257,785
44,587
2,239
2,034
10,488
14,810
14,290
Oklahoma
......................................................................
99,005
101,976
96,338
82,527
13,811
208
2,014
3,417
4,622
4,411
Oregon
...........................................................................
83,282
84,506
68,819
59,765
9,054
1,230
12,070
2,388
4,237
4,129
Pennsylvania
.................................................................
352,608
357,840
335,858
283,187
52,671
679
8,470
12,833
15,064
14,538
Rhode
Island
.................................................................
25,943
26,323
24,654
21,229
3,425
345
108
1,215
1,862
1,816
South
Carolina
...............................................................
101,870
105,883
100,734
86,321
14,413
1,089
459
3,601
4,972
4,771
South
Dakota
.................................................................
21,417
21,892
19,734
16,677
3,057
253
846
1,058
1,862
1,816
Tennessee
.....................................................................
137,269
140,149
134,693
112,564
22,129
520
365
4,570
6,822
6,616
Texas
.............................................................................
727,313
743,579
665,787
567,427
98,360
2,764
50,946
24,082
28,121
27,710
Utah
...............................................................................
38,152
38,550
35,293
29,501
5,792
461
1,479
1,317
3,489
3,375
Vermont
.........................................................................
19,294
19,630
17,739
15,146
2,593
193
678
1,021
1,862
1,816
Virginia
...........................................................................
119,224
124,366
118,413
102,850
15,563
1,055
656
4,241
8,445
8,247
Washington
....................................................................
125,513
127,592
108,940
93,186
15,753
733
14,218
3,702
7,571
7,447
West
Virginia
.................................................................
75,111
76,445
73,480
61,854
11,626
307
124
2,535
2,184
2,056
Wisconsin
......................................................................
129,977
132,030
125,862
113,863
11,999
1,032
630
4,506
7,165
6,904
Wyoming
........................................................................
18,553
19,251
17,754
14,887
2,867
317
167
1,013
1,862
1,816
Other
activities
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
................................................
50,205
51,343
51,343
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Migrant
coordination
activities
.......................................
8,500
8,500
0
0
0
0
8,500
0
0
0
Even
Start
Migrant,
Indian,
and
Territory
(
Set­
Aside)
..
6,200
7,500
0
0
0
0
0
7,500
0
0
Even
Start
Evaluation/
Technical
Assistance
.................
3,720
3,000
0
0
0
0
0
3,000
0
0
Even
Start/
State
Literacy
Initiative
................................
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Competitive
grants
........................................................
9,054
5,000
5,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other
non
state
allocations
...........................................
0
2,500
2,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
...........................................................
5,355
5,572
5,572
0
0
0
0
0
451
440
Guam
.............................................................................
5,023
5,023
5,023
0
0
0
0
0
1,051
250
Northern
Marianas
.........................................................
2,848
2,964
2,964
0
0
0
0
0
257
1,025
Puerto
Rico
....................................................................
273,453
277,159
262,416
221,502
40,914
472
3,903
10,369
6,040
5,629
Virgin
Islands
.................................................................
9,118
9,487
9,487
0
0
0
0
0
866
845
1
Data
are
based
on
fiscal
year
2000
budget
authorizations.
Excludes
$
6,977,000
for
Title
I
evaluation.
2
Formerly
Chapter
1.
3
Data
are
based
on
fiscal
year
2001
budget
authorizations.
Excludes
$
8,900,000
for
Title
I
evaluation.
4
Formerly
Chapter
2.
5
Includes
Capital
Expenses,
Even
Start
grants,
and
Accountability
grants.
6
Includes
other
programs
not
shown
separately.
7
Total
includes
other
activities
and
outlying
areas.

NOTE:
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
was
most
recently
revised
through
the
Improving
America's
Schools
Act
(
IASA)
of
1994.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
Budget
Service,
Elementary,
Secondary,
and
Vocational
Education
Analysis
Division,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
435
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
370.
 
Federal
obligations
for
research
and
development
and
R&
D
plant,
by
state
and
selected
agency:
Fiscal
year
1999
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

State
or
other
area
Total
Department
of
Agriculture
Department
of
Commerce
Department
of
Defense
Department
of
Energy
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
Department
of
the
Interior
Department
of
Transportation
Environmental
Protection
Agency
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
National
Science
Foundation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Total
..............................................
$
75,840,468
$
1,741,439
$
1,008,826
$
35,668,310
$
6,873,603
$
16,118,704
$
640,999
$
680,858
$
667,543
$
9,773,986
$
2,666,200
Alabama
............................................
1,873,532
25,844
1,171
1,030,863
25,678
181,635
6,338
4,877
5,100
577,269
14,757
Alaska
................................................
115,015
9,901
26,346
18,043
3,264
3,904
26,214
3,416
789
9,504
13,634
Arizona
..............................................
1,118,044
25,317
3,267
790,936
5,149
107,304
14,725
3,492
5,620
70,804
91,430
Arkansas
............................................
109,449
33,563
0
1,548
100
56,018
5,467
2,695
639
1,400
8,019
California
...........................................
16,067,865
100,699
83,792
9,258,919
1,512,958
1,732,105
40,721
37,903
33,478
2,874,774
392,516
Colorado
............................................
1,481,920
30,514
96,520
577,014
156,683
220,110
56,598
26,055
11,982
147,327
159,117
Connecticut
........................................
657,480
7,589
9,302
184,209
51,170
282,829
1,406
16,175
934
76,266
27,600
Delaware
...........................................
53,341
5,415
2,304
13,541
2,046
9,029
504
1,465
874
4,256
13,907
District
of
Columbia
...........................
2,505,293
175,034
16,630
1,087,274
422,778
235,552
2,678
168,268
83,029
209,229
104,821
Florida
................................................
2,340,593
44,946
38,426
1,493,366
13,064
185,551
23,259
9,765
13,948
445,276
72,992
Georgia
..............................................
2,031,780
57,267
3,794
1,503,844
12,347
354,329
10,189
6,479
17,732
21,149
44,650
Hawaii
................................................
208,112
21,579
15,068
93,367
2,984
28,991
6,605
835
0
18,860
19,823
Idaho
..................................................
208,899
20,664
1,403
11,679
150,207
3,718
11,862
1,724
594
1,552
5,496
Illinois
.................................................
1,467,563
54,509
4,953
131,538
622,468
461,206
7,257
13,249
6,146
17,336
148,901
Indiana
...............................................
420,611
18,057
1,902
190,939
16,858
117,659
5,138
5,854
645
13,344
50,215
Iowa
...................................................
270,289
50,281
226
20,870
31,547
129,573
6,280
3,660
896
10,624
16,332
Kansas
...............................................
195,563
18,659
524
55,646
4,700
81,015
8,587
2,647
2,542
5,111
16,132
Kentucky
............................................
146,976
9,136
364
12,060
3,715
97,365
4,220
4,906
451
1,573
13,186
Louisiana
...........................................
248,021
49,304
6,004
34,860
6,464
79,490
18,905
3,166
6,420
29,031
14,377
Maine
.................................................
152,084
4,615
2,158
89,409
1,394
37,097
4,896
1,306
224
2,883
8,102
Maryland
............................................
8,396,532
165,703
367,279
2,577,875
51,119
3,722,186
16,506
37,969
12,138
1,370,616
75,141
Massachusetts
...................................
3,149,654
28,359
41,887
1,280,130
100,902
1,309,072
5,935
44,697
9,985
142,013
186,674
Michigan
............................................
845,619
24,644
25,046
252,328
20,064
350,421
13,480
12,039
28,364
22,259
96,974
Minnesota
..........................................
892,384
26,896
7,493
516,905
8,056
242,895
10,299
17,914
19,228
7,657
35,041
Mississippi
.........................................
378,351
75,668
10,297
156,322
1,731
15,848
8,010
3,088
640
94,729
12,018
Missouri
.............................................
930,514
24,721
237
522,212
4,601
309,316
18,557
3,896
8,049
12,266
26,659
Montana
.............................................
96,867
22,539
365
5,863
1,120
26,044
17,493
2,455
2,422
5,620
12,946
Nebraska
...........................................
94,967
30,628
650
5,130
939
34,480
7,556
1,238
300
2,148
11,898
Nevada
..............................................
293,832
3,229
282
16,211
210,501
15,502
11,592
6,893
18,767
2,703
8,152
New
Hampshire
.................................
292,251
5,237
8,998
192,622
620
48,007
2,045
3,237
1,000
16,032
14,453
New
Jersey
........................................
2,691,966
6,938
30,325
2,253,555
74,708
149,077
5,839
67,372
4,443
44,530
55,179
New
Mexico
.......................................
2,168,105
8,950
971
629,531
1,381,734
56,807
12,496
7,923
4,042
50,328
15,323
New
York
...........................................
2,778,009
40,687
20,689
549,377
635,098
1,220,363
9,801
12,482
12,437
64,242
212,833
North
Carolina
...................................
1,045,471
40,434
12,707
136,847
16,501
607,636
8,740
6,524
154,013
13,048
49,021
North
Dakota
.....................................
62,258
29,943
508
3,820
6,027
6,199
8,525
1,138
292
1,794
4,012
Ohio
...................................................
3,795,905
17,173
6,617
2,683,279
18,047
418,995
6,551
19,283
80,009
499,730
46,221
Oklahoma
..........................................
173,585
22,066
7,153
29,737
18,156
42,089
7,208
14,269
15,638
2,683
14,586
Oregon
...............................................
417,043
39,379
16,365
28,149
37,184
209,202
16,731
2,796
23,605
9,494
34,138
Pennsylvania
.....................................
1,935,185
55,757
4,803
516,972
336,332
848,167
8,188
10,114
5,718
40,124
109,010
Rhode
Island
.....................................
407,142
2,598
5,762
287,981
2,716
61,896
2,991
992
14,885
3,818
23,503
South
Carolina
...................................
234,487
33,368
9,159
63,174
40,176
57,180
4,907
1,165
1,960
3,156
20,242
South
Dakota
.....................................
39,107
7,357
608
1,387
50
3,893
14,501
952
432
6,561
3,366
Tennessee
.........................................
820,140
9,831
1,509
80,299
471,795
190,482
7,024
6,732
916
31,913
19,639
Texas
.................................................
3,897,469
76,878
9,309
949,892
24,562
631,292
32,860
15,838
24,166
2,052,648
80,024
Utah
...................................................
306,191
16,272
1,931
126,497
7,806
96,460
10,918
3,215
808
15,846
26,438
Vermont
.............................................
62,215
6,743
423
10,017
917
37,376
1,507
578
561
625
3,468
Virginia
...............................................
5,811,710
10,374
25,272
4,703,638
89,937
206,489
52,033
40,177
21,295
602,865
59,630
Washington
........................................
1,321,618
41,234
73,046
384,888
177,931
481,242
13,524
6,735
7,475
76,276
59,267
West
Virginia
.....................................
252,030
38,124
395
19,191
63,056
56,376
8,065
2,593
0
18,639
45,591
Wisconsin
..........................................
380,985
39,300
3,127
14,219
20,468
219,342
15,862
3,886
1,912
17,862
45,007
Wyoming
............................................
35,541
8,727
25
729
4,190
1,646
9,905
3,737
0
438
6,144
Outlying
areas
..............................
140,605
14,624
1,434
53,473
985
38,244
9,501
994
0
3,755
17,595
Puerto
Rico
........................................
74,019
10,385
966
1,363
985
37,087
1,847
74
0
3,755
17,557
Other
areas
.......................................
66,586
4,239
468
52,110
0
1,157
7,654
920
0
0
38
Offices
abroad
...................................
20,300
4,165
0
16,135
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NOTE:
Only
the
following
10
agencies
are
required
to
report
to
this
section
of
the
survey
the
Departments
of
Agriculture,
Commerce,
Defense,
Energy,
Interior,
Transportation
and
Health
and
Human
Services;
the
Environmental
Protection
Agency;
the
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration;
and
the
National
Science
Foundation.
The
obligations
of
the
10
major
R&
D
supporting
agencies
included
in
this
table
represent
approximately
98
percent
of
total
Federal
R&
D
obligations
in
fiscal
year
1999.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development
Fiscal
Years
1998,
1999,
and
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
March
2001.)
436
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
371.
 
Federal
science
and
engineering
obligations
to
colleges
and
universities,
by
agency
and
state:
Fiscal
year
1999
[
In
thousands
of
dollars]

State
or
other
area
Total
Department
of
Agriculture
Department
of
Defense
Department
of
Education
Department
of
Energy
Environmental
Protection
Agency
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
National
Science
Foundation
Other
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
United
States
2
....................
$
17,974,786
$
924,637
$
1,800,511
$
323,031
$
650,028
$
178,767
$
9,805,548
$
1,034,500
$
2,684,786
$
572,978
Alabama
...................................
297,999
25,903
11,865
6,310
4,639
4,352
175,271
46,474
20,352
2,833
Alaska
......................................
54,316
6,740
660
816
2,982
589
1,831
9,078
12,543
19,077
Arizona
.....................................
233,332
12,277
18,048
5,289
5,565
5,721
87,121
30,981
64,601
3,729
Arkansas
..................................
72,055
25,359
1,993
3,327
100
111
28,324
1,420
9,078
2,343
California
..................................
2,500,871
39,851
239,899
37,586
89,477
24,694
1,394,386
214,341
421,271
39,366
Colorado
..................................
504,673
12,554
22,423
8,578
13,945
8,628
170,677
73,265
142,144
52,459
Connecticut
..............................
334,784
7,127
10,296
2,614
10,743
527
269,728
4,797
28,114
838
Delaware
..................................
50,166
6,919
9,629
1,197
1,962
950
6,951
3,508
16,178
2,872
District
of
Columbia
.................
184,265
1,639
28,873
6,398
1,813
2,063
110,721
9,474
9,501
13,783
Florida
......................................
394,086
22,944
31,460
11,164
21,851
2,826
178,350
26,199
79,555
19,737
Georgia
....................................
386,797
32,324
55,447
7,667
11,501
4,047
200,350
17,784
48,751
8,926
Hawaii
......................................
95,456
11,988
11,228
2,982
2,846
64
20,065
10,281
19,814
16,188
Idaho
........................................
30,008
8,894
1,243
1,787
1,760
724
2,698
713
6,176
6,013
Illinois
.......................................
676,939
25,935
48,093
11,699
24,852
2,759
378,219
13,601
161,012
10,769
Indiana
.....................................
245,967
23,438
14,376
1,341
17,018
1,092
122,647
4,208
57,311
4,536
Iowa
.........................................
214,975
30,762
5,120
3,599
5,101
2,915
136,574
6,365
20,294
4,245
Kansas
.....................................
109,403
15,309
4,681
12,685
4,580
2,558
45,225
5,352
18,196
817
Kentucky
..................................
117,801
25,784
3,146
4,030
3,715
815
62,742
2,896
13,635
1,038
Louisiana
..................................
193,566
20,640
29,679
4,189
8,428
6,760
75,877
6,104
16,988
24,901
Maine
.......................................
26,306
8,005
3,611
1,557
88
0
3,741
354
6,968
1,982
Maryland
..................................
1,120,503
13,755
365,458
8,024
10,498
6,376
470,790
162,288
56,027
27,287
Massachusetts
.........................
1,047,036
11,058
126,097
8,769
85,968
8,968
554,182
42,779
187,417
21,798
Michigan
...................................
562,483
27,930
30,378
10,634
20,850
8,896
323,459
10,770
118,243
11,323
Minnesota
................................
267,724
21,864
19,243
4,258
8,053
1,699
163,141
5,995
38,686
4,785
Mississippi
................................
136,787
35,074
22,367
4,078
6,195
180
21,330
15,185
18,373
14,005
Missouri
....................................
399,909
27,379
10,302
6,871
4,578
8,868
298,238
8,223
32,343
3,107
Montana
...................................
62,880
12,639
2,762
3,673
259
2,095
9,659
10,715
15,372
5,706
Nebraska
..................................
79,037
16,631
3,209
2,050
939
270
30,998
2,812
18,576
3,552
Nevada
.....................................
47,780
4,648
2,638
899
13,378
702
10,147
1,214
8,442
5,712
New
Hampshire
.......................
104,233
5,080
3,299
1,125
617
1,464
49,404
10,621
13,432
19,191
New
Jersey
..............................
272,009
11,144
22,963
4,683
18,482
4,130
124,295
10,048
66,487
9,777
New
Mexico
.............................
139,445
9,240
37,398
2,310
6,460
274
40,520
23,816
16,433
2,994
New
York
.................................
1,450,921
30,585
74,600
16,751
64,990
8,857
939,187
36,005
226,336
53,610
North
Carolina
..........................
662,013
38,178
41,936
13,893
12,668
11,484
456,301
9,632
57,412
20,509
North
Dakota
............................
43,901
11,971
2,684
1,106
6,781
222
6,100
4,487
8,589
1,961
Ohio
.........................................
492,676
22,893
48,275
10,515
10,851
4,477
316,948
18,748
51,384
8,585
Oklahoma
.................................
99,634
20,170
6,133
2,253
6,053
3,087
30,124
7,908
16,372
7,534
Oregon
.....................................
227,420
18,062
13,190
12,484
3,642
2,495
120,249
7,103
37,654
12,541
Pennsylvania
............................
1,098,534
24,011
156,814
12,414
21,016
4,093
708,384
24,475
138,644
8,683
Rhode
Island
............................
80,778
4,544
8,836
787
2,598
282
30,844
4,179
22,300
6,408
South
Carolina
.........................
140,886
18,844
13,950
2,736
10,504
140
56,567
3,936
21,707
12,502
South
Dakota
...........................
19,955
8,633
966
998
50
0
2,059
950
4,840
1,459
Tennessee
...............................
258,662
24,811
12,561
7,059
8,013
3,020
166,504
7,074
24,830
4,790
Texas
.......................................
972,851
41,540
102,943
12,862
23,510
12,404
601,468
48,165
110,797
19,162
Utah
.........................................
182,410
10,616
32,325
5,142
7,191
1,012
90,658
6,620
26,985
1,861
Vermont
...................................
54,024
8,266
1,063
2,309
621
140
36,343
718
3,714
850
Virginia
.....................................
311,110
21,756
33,646
9,486
13,958
1,825
144,118
26,516
48,470
11,335
Washington
..............................
498,367
20,196
38,571
7,640
25,474
7,637
306,509
9,531
63,291
19,518
West
Virginia
............................
46,444
10,486
1,690
945
868
5
11,941
13,282
961
6,266
Wisconsin
.................................
354,820
23,627
11,532
10,935
20,813
1,445
212,375
12,847
52,279
8,967
Wyoming
..................................
15,789
4,614
912
527
1,184
25
1,208
663
5,908
748
Outlying
areas
.....................
83,141
21,409
1,489
2,909
1,010
0
35,785
4,083
14,439
2,017
American
Samoa
.....................
1,734
1,709
0
0
25
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
.......................................
3,081
2,148
64
196
0
0
468
0
0
205
Puerto
Rico
..............................
72,419
13,036
1,425
2,247
985
0
35,235
4,083
13,794
1,614
Trust
Territory
of
the
Pacific
....
4,006
3,500
0
466
0
0
0
0
0
40
Virgin
Islands
...........................
1,901
1,016
0
0
0
0
82
0
645
158
1
Includes
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
U.
S.
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development
U.
S.
Department
of
the
Interior,
Agency
for
International
Development,
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
U.
S.
Department
of
State,
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation,
Bureau
of
Engraving
and
Printing,
General
Services
Administration,
Office
of
Justice
programs
Social
Security
Administration,
and
Nuclear
Regulatory
Commission.
2
Dollars
reflect
actual
obligations
during
the
fiscal
year
regardless
of
when
the
funds
were
actually
spent
by
a
recipient
institution.
NOTE:
Data
are
not
comparable
with
previous
years
because
starting
in
fiscal
year
1999,
data
no
longer
include
obligations
to
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
administered
by
colleges
and
universities.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Support
to
Universities,
Colleges,
and
Nonprofit
Institutions,
Fiscal
Year
1999.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
437
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
372.
 
Summary
of
federal
funds
for
research,
development,
and
R&
D
plant:
Fiscal
years
1993
to
2001
[
In
millions
of
current
dollars]

Item
Actual
Estimate
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Percent
change,
2000
to
2001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total
outlays
for
research,
development,
and
R
&
D
plant
.............................................................................
$
68,385.8
$
68,335.9
$
68,410.0
$
67,756.1
$
70,892.0
$
72,295.6
$
72,613.9
$
75,864.5
$
79,400.0
4.7
Research
and
development
................................................
65,241.3
66,158.8
66,374.6
65,909.9
68,897.2
70,434.5
70,585.2
73,774.2
77,254.7
4.7
R
&
D
plant
.........................................................................
3,144.5
2,177.1
2,035.4
1,846.2
1,994.8
1,861.1
2,028.7
2,090.3
2,145.3
2.6
Total
obligations
for
research,
development,
and
R
&
D
plant
.............................................................................
70,414.7
69,427.0
71,011.8
69,408.7
71,744.7
73,743.5
77,386.6
81,772.8
83,609.3
2.2
Research
and
development
obligations
.................................
67,314.0
67,255.8
68,754.9
67,662.6
69,829.9
71,903.3
75,340.8
79,470.4
81,526.1
2.6
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
................................................................
16,556.2
16,139.1
17,342.7
16,596.4
16,720.0
17,114.0
18,084.7
19,072.8
19,352.4
1.5
Industrial
firms
........................................................................
30,326.1
30,454.4
30,468.7
30,361.4
31,418.0
31,839.7
31,901.6
32,815.2
33,026.4
0.6
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
............................
1,451.3
1,293.5
1,203.9
1,137.0
1,128.2
1,188.8
1,328.1
1,335.5
1,385.6
3.7
Universities
and
colleges
........................................................
11,156.1
11,828.7
11,933.0
11,944.7
12,561.1
13,365.9
14,959.1
16,612.2
17,723.7
6.7
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
............
3,666.5
3,292.9
3,574.3
3,447.7
3,701.1
3,890.2
3,896.5
3,992.6
4,189.1
4.9
Other
nonprofit
institutions
.....................................................
2,811.9
2,929.6
2,806.5
2,886.9
2,962.1
3,155.1
3,608.8
4,047.1
4,175.6
3.2
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
...................
753.4
735.5
831.4
754.5
821.0
603.0
913.3
898.1
978.0
8.9
State
and
local
governments
..................................................
320.3
325.4
316.5
246.7
261.1
447.5
357.5
389.6
410.7
5.4
Foreign
....................................................................................
272.2
256.6
277.8
287.4
257.5
299.1
291.3
307.5
284.8
 
7.3
Research
obligations
..........................................................
26,890.5
27,440.4
28,573.4
28,265.1
29,365.6
30,922.3
33,527.5
36,329.5
38,688.1
6.5
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
.....................................................
7,360.1
7,488.2
7,787.8
7,528.2
7,667.2
7,964.7
8,685.8
9,203.5
9,792.8
6.4
Industrial
firms
.............................................................
4,018.9
4,063.5
4,727.9
4,291.3
4,392.1
4,635.1
4,579.8
4,888.1
5,118.0
4.7
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
..................
795.8
737.2
818.0
696.2
759.6
844.1
879.3
850.1
911.3
7.2
Universities
and
colleges
.............................................
9,844.1
10,323.5
10,371.6
10,673.7
11,173.2
11,741.0
13,203.8
14,699.1
15,696.1
6.8
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
2,347.6
2,181.1
2,235.6
2,386.0
2,598.9
2,743.0
2,554.1
2,673.6
2,948.4
10.3
Other
nonprofit
institutions
...........................................
2,041.3
2,094.9
2,056.1
2,179.5
2,294.9
2,425.2
2,806.7
3,178.3
3,340.6
5.1
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
.........
173.4
178.0
210.1
195.8
217.5
214.5
469.5
450.6
470.4
4.4
State
and
local
governments
.......................................
211.8
230.8
221.4
187.4
144.0
240.1
232.4
267.9
287.8
7.4
Foreign
.........................................................................
97.4
143.3
144.8
126.8
118.1
114.5
116.1
118.3
122.7
3.8
Fields
of
science
Life
sciences
................................................................
10,772.1
11,078.8
11,979.0
12,099.7
12,661.3
13,557.6
15,422.5
17,422.5
18,249.2
4.7
Psychology
...................................................................
550.7
550.2
653.6
513.0
545.4
591.0
632.6
719.9
751.8
4.4
Physical
sciences
........................................................
4,427.0
6,792.7
4,851.2
3,964.4
4,148.7
4,209.7
4,066.2
4,183.1
4,430.2
5.9
Environmental
sciences
...............................................
2,608.5
2,032.0
2,722.9
2,997.0
3,045.7
3,062.0
3,095.3
3,102.4
3,243.2
4.5
Mathematics
and
computer
sciences
..........................
1,225.4
1,242.3
1,667.9
1,554.1
1,671.8
1,836.8
1,980.6
2,178.5
2,517.3
15.6
Engineering
..................................................................
5,499.4
4,023.3
4,952.7
5,679.6
5,690.3
5,895.4
6,263.4
6,548.3
7,088.7
8.3
Social
sciences
............................................................
674.9
655.0
682.9
674.2
696.3
806.1
854.9
901.8
995.9
10.4
Other
sciences
.............................................................
1,132.5
1,066.1
1,063.2
783.0
906.1
963.7
1,212.1
1,273.0
1,411.8
10.9
Basic
research
obligations
..............................................
13,399.1
13,552.9
13,895.5
14,462.4
14,942.2
15,613.0
17,443.7
18,981.7
20,274.4
6.8
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
..................................................
2,605.1
2,505.0
2,712.9
2,689.2
2,688.6
2,917.8
3,255.2
3,482.5
3,650.5
4.8
Industrial
firms
..........................................................
959.2
1,109.1
1,221.2
1,131.0
1,166.7
1,119.7
1,082.8
1,192.0
1,192.8
0.1
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
...............
237.3
237.6
239.1
272.8
294.7
326.4
313.4
308.2
325.1
5.5
Universities
and
colleges
.........................................
6,798.5
7,024.2
6,951.3
7,406.1
7,695.8
7,952.2
9,107.1
10,043.7
10,906.4
8.6
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
......................................................................
1,437.8
1,336.0
1,438.3
1,522.0
1,600.0
1,642.3
1,565.5
1,621.1
1,747.2
7.8
Other
nonprofit
institutions
.......................................
1,164.9
1,125.7
1,134.2
1,235.2
1,289.6
1,397.6
1,650.0
1,871.2
1,980.3
5.8
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
.....
71.3
73.9
75.2
76.5
88.4
121.8
354.9
338.1
340.2
0.6
State
and
local
governments
...................................
71.7
75.2
78.7
80.2
68.4
84.9
61.4
66.8
68.7
2.9
Foreign
.....................................................................
53.3
66.1
44.5
49.5
49.9
50.4
53.4
58.1
63.3
8.9
Fields
of
science
Life
sciences
............................................................
6,288.8
6,429.8
6,746.7
6,911.0
7,203.8
7,853.4
9,197.1
10,374.4
10,964.6
5.7
Psychology
...............................................................
246.8
247.4
279.8
281.5
293.9
312.0
347.3
408.7
425.6
4.1
Physical
sciences
.....................................................
2,907.1
3,649.2
2,709.3
2,901.7
2,976.4
2,941.4
3,089.8
3,217.6
3,401.0
5.7
Environmental
sciences
...........................................
1,533.5
997.2
1,410.7
1,531.2
1,543.5
1,528.7
1,615.7
1,630.6
1,722.3
5.6
Mathematics
and
computer
sciences
......................
511.3
503.6
626.1
622.0
661.4
705.5
734.9
760.8
920.1
20.9
Engineering
..............................................................
1,207.4
1,061.7
1,432.2
1,606.6
1,583.0
1,594.4
1,639.7
1,716.9
1,870.3
8.9
Social
sciences
........................................................
194.1
191.7
210.8
230.0
221.0
224.8
246.5
273.4
299.8
9.7
Other
sciences
.........................................................
510.1
472.4
479.9
378.3
459.3
452.7
572.5
599.3
670.6
11.9
Applied
research
obligations
...........................................
13,491.4
13,887.5
14,677.9
13,802.7
14,423.4
15,309.3
16,083.7
17,347.9
18,413.7
6.1
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
..................................................
4,755.0
4,983.2
5,074.9
4,839.0
4,978.7
5,046.9
5,430.6
5,721.0
6,142.3
7.4
Industrial
firms
..........................................................
3,059.7
2,954.4
3,506.7
3,160.3
3,225.5
3,515.4
3,497.0
3,696.1
3,925.1
6.2
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
..............
558.6
499.6
578.9
423.4
464.9
517.7
565.8
541.9
586.2
8.2
Universities
and
colleges
.........................................
3,045.5
3,299.3
3,420.3
3,267.6
3,477.4
3,788.9
4,096.7
4,655.3
4,789.8
2.9
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
......................................................................
909.8
845.1
797.3
864.0
998.8
1,100.7
988.6
1,052.5
1,201.2
14.1
Other
nonprofit
institutions
.......................................
876.4
969.2
921.9
944.3
1,005.3
1,027.7
1,156.7
1,307.1
1,360.4
4.1
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
......
102.2
104.0
134.9
119.4
129.2
92.6
114.6
112.6
130.1
15.6
State
and
local
governments
...................................
140.1
155.5
142.7
107.3
75.5
155.2
171.0
201.2
219.2
8.9
Foreign
.....................................................................
44.1
77.2
100.3
77.4
68.2
64.1
62.8
60.2
59.4
 
1.3
Fields
of
science
Life
sciences
............................................................
4,483.3
4,649.0
5,232.3
5,188.7
5,457.6
5,704.1
6,225.3
7,048.1
7,284.6
3.4
Psychology
...............................................................
303.9
302.9
373.9
231.5
251.5
279.0
285.3
311.2
326.2
4.8
Physical
sciences
.....................................................
1,519.8
3,143.5
2,141.9
1,062.7
1,172.4
1,268.3
976.4
965.5
1,029.1
6.6
Environmental
sciences
...........................................
1,075.0
1,034.8
1,312.3
1,465.8
1,502.2
1,533.2
1,479.5
1,471.8
1,521.0
3.3
Mathematics
and
computer
sciences
......................
714.1
738.7
1,041.7
932.1
1,010.5
1,131.4
1,245.7
1,417.7
1,597.2
12.7
Engineering
..............................................................
4,292.0
2,961.6
3,520.5
4,073.0
4,107.3
4,301.0
4,623.7
4,831.4
5,218.3
8.0
438
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
372.
 
Summary
of
federal
funds
for
research,
development,
and
R&
D
plant:
Fiscal
years
1993
to
2001
 
Continued
[
In
millions
of
current
dollars]

Item
Actual
Estimate
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Percent
change,
2000
to
2001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Social
sciences
........................................................
480.8
463.3
472.0
444.2
475.3
581.3
608.3
628.4
696.0
10.8
Other
sciences
.........................................................
622.4
593.8
583.3
404.7
446.8
510.9
639.6
673.7
741.2
10.0
Development
obligations
.....................................................
40,423.5
39,815.4
40,181.4
39,397.5
40,464.3
40,981.0
41,813.1
43,140.7
42,838.1
 
0.7
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
.....................................................
9,196.2
8,650.9
9,554.9
9,068.1
9,052.7
9,149.3
9,398.9
9,869.3
9,559.6
 
3.1
Industrial
firms
.............................................................
26,307.2
26,390.9
25,740.7
26,070.1
27,025.8
27,204.6
27,321.8
27,927.0
27,908.3
 
0.1
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
..................
655.5
556.3
385.9
440.7
368.6
344.7
448.8
485.4
474.3
 
2.3
Universities
and
colleges
.............................................
1,312.0
1,505.2
1,561.4
1,271.0
1,387.9
1,624.8
1,755.3
1,913.0
2,027.5
6.0
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
1,318.9
1,111.8
1,338.7
1,061.6
1,102.1
1,147.2
1,342.3
1,319.0
1,240.7
 
5.9
Other
nonprofit
institutions
...........................................
770.6
834.8
750.4
707.4
667.2
729.9
802.0
868.8
835.0
 
3.9
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
.........
580.0
557.6
621.3
558.7
603.4
388.5
443.7
447.6
507.7
13.4
State
and
local
governments
.......................................
108.5
94.7
95.1
59.3
117.1
207.4
125.1
121.6
122.8
1.0
Foreign
.........................................................................
174.8
113.3
133.0
160.5
139.3
184.6
175.2
189.2
162.1
 
14.3
R
&
D
plant
obligations
..........................................................
3,100.7
2,171.2
2,256.9
1,746.1
1,914.8
1,840.2
2,045.8
2,302.3
2,083.1
 
9.5
Performers
Federal
intramural
1
.........................................................
432.0
392.6
482.6
405.1
608.3
475.3
483.3
787.8
441.9
 
43.9
Industrial
firms
.................................................................
1,048.2
746.8
696.6
465.4
389.8
487.7
544.7
526.7
561.7
6.6
FFRDCs2
administered
by
industrial
firms
.....................
124.4
119.4
95.1
43.9
60.5
45.6
172.8
154.5
321.6
108.2
Universities
and
colleges
................................................
361.4
209.0
323.8
243.1
238.6
139.5
141.2
192.8
194.4
0.8
FFRDCs2
administered
by
universities
and
colleges
.....
619.5
608.8
543.9
497.8
548.8
663.6
615.5
552.8
469.5
 
15.1
Other
nonprofit
institutions
..............................................
415.6
20.9
25.6
23.4
16.7
10.9
12.2
24.6
14.3
 
41.9
FFRDCs2
administered
by
nonprofit
institutions
............
65.5
72.9
62.6
66.1
52.0
12.1
70.7
61.9
79.8
28.9
State
and
local
governments
..........................................
0.5
0.8
0.5
1.0
 
 
5.3
1.3
 
 
Foreign
............................................................................
33.4
0.2
26.1
0.5
0.1
5.5
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
costs
associated
with
the
administration
of
intramural
and
extramural
programs
by
federal
personnel
as
well
as
actual
intramural
performance.

2
Federally
funded
research
and
development
centers.
NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
National
Science
Foundation,
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
2001.)
439
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
373.
 
U.
S.
Department
of
Agriculture
obligations
for
child
nutrition
programs,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
years
1999
and
2000
[
In
thousands]

State
or
other
area
Total,
fiscal
year
1999
Fiscal
year
2000
Total
Special
milk
School
lunch
1
School
breakfast
State
administrative
expenses
Commodities
and
cash
in
lieu
of
commodities
2
Child
and
adult
care
Summer
food
service
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
.....................................................
$
9,657,184
$
9,938,238
$
16,160
$
5,564,283
$
1,422,941
$
120,201
$
840,491
$
1,690,472
$
283,690
Alabama
...................................................
182,533
185,074
60
108,242
25,546
2,269
15,276
29,351
4,330
Alaska
......................................................
25,911
26,414
3
15,425
2,441
460
1,546
6,129
410
Arizona
.....................................................
174,352
185,889
162
100,783
24,878
2,331
15,052
38,380
4,304
Arkansas
..................................................
109,232
109,910
24
60,559
19,334
1,444
9,315
17,666
1,568
California
..................................................
1,217,247
1,260,209
762
748,258
191,980
14,314
89,419
195,053
20,422
Colorado
..................................................
94,179
95,795
146
50,053
9,203
1,370
9,009
24,605
1,409
Connecticut
..............................................
74,144
75,715
438
44,497
9,586
944
7,198
10,077
2,976
Delaware
..................................................
25,358
25,958
51
11,613
2,955
476
1,991
7,643
1,229
District
of
Columbia
.................................
25,589
25,385
7
14,200
3,719
376
1,055
2,899
3,128
Florida
......................................................
505,293
536,404
149
311,291
81,157
5,706
40,291
71,443
26,366
Georgia
....................................................
352,749
370,395
36
203,661
64,539
4,102
32,443
55,477
10,138
Hawaii
......................................................
42,466
43,731
3
27,515
6,101
595
4,532
4,498
486
Idaho
........................................................
36,724
38,549
182
23,994
4,088
527
4,390
4,152
1,216
Illinois
.......................................................
357,753
370,241
2,592
214,952
34,528
4,493
27,568
72,817
13,292
Indiana
.....................................................
138,998
148,865
319
84,817
17,473
1,821
17,985
24,450
2,000
Iowa
.........................................................
79,493
82,817
113
46,304
9,194
1,123
10,872
14,520
691
Kansas
.....................................................
88,752
90,013
128
43,585
10,145
1,344
7,808
25,897
1,105
Kentucky
..................................................
157,832
165,048
75
93,074
30,725
1,883
13,883
22,074
3,335
Louisiana
..................................................
250,673
254,036
56
139,989
43,598
3,226
17,472
42,920
6,776
Maine
.......................................................
35,376
35,445
114
17,395
3,830
629
3,144
9,476
856
Maryland
..................................................
136,724
137,232
441
72,475
18,281
1,838
10,362
28,110
5,725
Massachusetts
.........................................
161,468
161,398
498
79,428
19,119
2,167
14,187
40,991
5,009
Michigan
...................................................
234,470
248,731
898
140,361
32,139
3,131
23,880
44,817
3,505
Minnesota
................................................
150,878
159,721
982
70,076
16,552
2,400
13,817
52,770
3,125
Mississippi
................................................
165,147
168,374
7
97,922
32,855
1,974
11,228
21,089
3,299
Missouri
....................................................
170,455
179,792
385
96,262
26,692
2,147
18,588
30,476
5,244
Montana
...................................................
28,797
29,111
38
14,366
2,845
531
2,080
8,735
517
Nebraska
..................................................
62,317
64,770
133
28,828
5,498
1,077
7,289
21,398
547
Nevada
.....................................................
37,468
41,715
184
25,241
6,781
513
3,775
2,910
2,311
New
Hampshire
.......................................
20,094
20,090
191
11,254
2,178
351
3,149
2,608
359
New
Jersey
..............................................
181,924
190,932
898
115,798
16,610
2,167
18,570
30,022
6,866
New
Mexico
.............................................
106,626
108,729
2
48,368
14,328
1,588
6,057
32,598
5,787
New
York
.................................................
702,193
719,465
1,063
406,606
92,999
8,077
56,059
114,614
40,048
North
Carolina
..........................................
281,564
292,429
134
156,987
47,330
3,533
24,578
55,468
4,399
North
Dakota
............................................
24,105
24,460
73
10,634
1,843
512
2,417
8,633
348
Ohio
.........................................................
261,230
274,468
753
156,800
35,127
3,317
27,955
45,796
4,719
Oklahoma
.................................................
139,802
149,872
58
75,579
24,423
1,913
13,581
31,733
2,585
Oregon
.....................................................
99,415
101,363
135
48,346
16,055
1,487
7,702
25,280
2,359
Pennsylvania
............................................
280,500
281,855
783
164,731
34,696
3,190
28,579
35,270
14,606
Rhode
Island
............................................
25,768
28,822
114
16,480
3,152
408
2,604
4,850
1,216
South
Carolina
.........................................
168,181
173,766
9
100,157
31,660
1,909
14,001
18,991
7,039
South
Dakota
...........................................
27,874
30,097
41
16,063
3,380
498
3,618
5,598
900
Tennessee
...............................................
187,436
197,077
26
109,507
30,179
2,359
18,148
30,690
6,167
Texas
.......................................................
895,210
949,971
101
552,207
170,470
10,165
77,356
119,315
20,357
Utah
.........................................................
77,659
80,119
80
38,822
5,795
1,292
8,613
23,557
1,960
Vermont
...................................................
16,119
16,293
70
7,599
2,093
350
1,727
4,078
377
Virginia
.....................................................
172,156
176,117
225
104,585
26,040
1,418
16,405
24,156
3,288
Washington
..............................................
152,229
158,922
277
86,047
20,363
2,054
14,568
32,386
3,228
West
Virginia
............................................
69,318
71,324
29
37,205
13,105
958
6,241
12,105
1,681
Wisconsin
.................................................
121,645
124,872
1,403
68,912
8,771
1,693
14,027
27,887
2,180
Wyoming
..................................................
15,878
15,265
17
7,721
1,455
353
1,309
4,334
76
Administrative
costs
.................................
5,573
6,936
 
 
 
 
6,936
 
 
Department
of
Defense
dependents
schools
.................................................
6,779
7,287
 
6,227
31
 
1,028
 
 
Outlying
areas
American
Samoa
.....................................
 
9,096
0
9,096
0
0
0
0
0
Guam
.......................................................
4,271
4,944
0
3,231
1,039
220
363
91
0
Northern
Marianas
...................................
 
4,022
0
4,022
0
0
0
0
0
Puerto
Rico
..............................................
175,189
167,880
0
109,439
24,615
1,874
11,392
15,406
5,155
Virgin
Islands
...........................................
6,979
6,537
2
3,784
318
244
1,001
658
530
Undistributed
3
..........................................
309,090
228,490
690
102,913
39,105
3,064
17,053
53,527
12,138
 
Not
available.
1
Special
Meal
Assistance
program
is
combined
with
``
School
Lunch''
program.
2
Commodities
are
based
on
preliminary
food
orders
for
fiscal
year
2000.
3
Undistributed
amount
reflects
the
difference
between
preliminary
state
earnings
reports
and
federal
obligations
as
of
September
30,
2000.
Undistributed
amount
under
school
lunch
includes
obligations
for
American
Samoa
and
the
Northern
Mariana
Islands.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
obligations
as
reported
September
30,
2000.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Agriculture,
Food
and
Nutrition
Service,
Budget
Division
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2001.)
440
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
374.
 
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
allocations
for
Head
Start
and
enrollment
in
Head
Start,
by
state
or
other
area:
Fiscal
years
1997
to
2000
State
or
other
area
1997
1998
1999
2000
Head
Start
allocations
(
in
thousands)
Head
Start
enrollment
1
Head
Start
allocations
(
in
thousands)
Head
Start
enrollment
2
Head
Start
allocations
(
in
thousands)
Head
Start
enrollment
3
Head
Start
allocations
(
in
thousands)
Head
Start
enrollment
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
..............................................
$
3,876,707
793,809
$
4,232,433
822,316
$
4,502,423
829,958
$
5,102,907
857,657
Alabama
............................................
65,970
14,979
67,517
15,118
71,983
15,263
82,414
15,823
Alaska
................................................
7,581
1,212
8,209
1,261
8,786
1,281
9,738
1,297
Arizona
..............................................
53,478
10,561
59,017
11,055
62,444
11,127
73,697
11,882
Arkansas
............................................
36,396
9,637
39,367
9,893
43,449
10,097
48,379
10,316
California
...........................................
458,841
79,929
528,339
86,368
554,366
86,459
642,512
95,280
Colorado
............................................
40,902
8,952
42,368
8,863
46,602
9,135
52,226
9,333
Connecticut
........................................
32,985
6,190
35,244
6,476
37,906
6,825
41,674
6,857
Delaware
...........................................
8,314
2,077
8,446
2,114
8,873
2,126
9,820
2,119
District
of
Columbia
...........................
17,361
3,273
18,276
3,295
19,201
3,279
20,926
3,345
Florida
................................................
144,663
29,523
159,055
30,285
169,996
30,792
195,696
32,389
Georgia
..............................................
96,295
20,505
105,423
21,195
112,040
21,121
126,281
21,580
Hawaii
................................................
12,632
2,539
13,983
2,769
15,786
2,799
18,199
2,916
Idaho
..................................................
12,529
2,213
13,058
2,231
14,121
2,266
16,098
2,387
Illinois
.................................................
170,193
33,924
182,050
34,871
192,580
35,211
214,965
37,767
Indiana
...............................................
55,293
12,415
61,337
12,930
65,226
13,057
72,467
13,323
Iowa
...................................................
28,458
6,341
33,451
6,922
36,038
7,003
40,714
7,235
Kansas
...............................................
28,815
6,355
31,299
7,175
32,958
7,000
37,061
7,447
Kentucky
............................................
65,587
14,828
71,283
15,163
76,409
15,281
85,198
15,701
Louisiana
...........................................
87,261
19,998
94,565
20,402
100,196
20,703
110,318
20,975
Maine
.................................................
15,536
3,392
17,233
3,537
18,695
3,618
20,378
3,631
Maryland
............................................
47,688
9,514
51,664
9,507
54,966
9,626
61,920
9,968
Massachusetts
...................................
68,913
11,499
73,664
11,877
78,544
12,094
85,917
12,250
Michigan
............................................
150,074
32,440
162,316
33,316
171,121
33,422
186,842
33,769
Minnesota
..........................................
43,536
9,117
48,909
9,545
51,740
9,630
56,401
9,715
Mississippi
.........................................
103,523
24,693
110,564
24,953
117,375
25,091
129,843
25,455
Missouri
.............................................
66,763
14,899
73,482
15,415
78,622
16,191
93,475
16,574
Montana
.............................................
11,500
2,510
12,292
2,555
13,839
2,678
15,267
2,703
Nebraska
...........................................
19,037
4,088
21,318
4,335
23,890
4,518
26,660
4,571
Nevada
..............................................
9,942
2,019
11,280
2,035
11,484
2,035
12,369
2,035
New
Hampshire
.................................
7,430
1,267
8,512
1,382
9,114
1,425
9,838
1,425
New
Jersey
........................................
82,650
13,746
89,319
14,201
94,945
14,443
104,743
14,567
New
Mexico
.......................................
33,971
7,187
32,470
7,012
35,363
7,108
38,374
7,135
New
York
...........................................
261,541
43,716
286,961
45,608
304,283
45,040
342,136
46,805
North
Carolina
...................................
80,559
16,825
87,978
17,221
93,979
17,394
104,684
17,808
North
Dakota
.....................................
8,733
2,121
9,721
1,966
10,561
2,002
11,973
2,042
Ohio
...................................................
155,354
35,441
168,724
36,300
178,271
36,454
196,684
38,261
Oklahoma
..........................................
45,865
11,631
50,997
12,142
54,422
12,217
61,555
12,655
Oregon
...............................................
34,466
5,222
37,909
5,400
40,118
5,480
46,071
5,771
Pennsylvania
.....................................
142,973
27,515
154,046
28,902
165,674
29,124
181,844
29,650
Rhode
Island
.....................................
13,135
2,676
13,901
2,778
15,330
2,817
17,378
2,952
South
Carolina
...................................
51,714
10,822
52,826
11,110
56,280
11,207
64,060
11,604
South
Dakota
.....................................
10,139
2,374
11,088
2,355
12,708
2,485
14,045
2,587
Tennessee
.........................................
69,365
14,553
76,803
14,748
81,387
14,753
92,040
15,747
Texas
.................................................
253,186
54,624
279,640
57,281
299,891
58,173
361,846
63,171
Utah
...................................................
20,132
4,419
21,728
4,654
23,185
4,679
27,840
5,079
Vermont
.............................................
8,433
1,379
8,900
1,404
9,691
1,438
10,514
1,438
Virginia
...............................................
54,571
11,480
61,960
12,053
66,246
12,243
74,487
12,652
Washington
........................................
59,644
9,387
64,841
9,682
69,601
9,831
78,359
10,287
West
Virginia
.....................................
31,064
6,858
33,349
6,876
36,062
7,043
39,842
7,144
Wisconsin
..........................................
58,550
12,556
63,218
12,905
67,582
13,113
72,177
12,953
Wyoming
............................................
5,814
1,395
6,421
1,452
7,546
1,500
8,187
1,468
Migrant
programs
..............................
153,788
36,458
162,206
37,116
178,122
38,132
206,391
31,607
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
programs
............................
113,920
21,019
121,272
21,612
130,191
21,237
144,768
22,391
Special
projects
.................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outlying
areas
Puerto
Rico
........................................
143,121
32,221
155,526
33,273
155,526
33,470
185,563
34,393
Pacific
Territories
...............................
9,963
5,849
10,297
5,989
10,297
5,989
12,356
5,989
Virgin
Islands
.....................................
6,560
1,446
6,811
1,430
6,811
1,430
7,697
1,430
 
Not
available.
1
The
distribution
of
enrollment
by
age
was:
6
percent
were
5
years
old
and
over;
60
percent
were
4­
year­
olds;
30
percent
were
3­
year­
olds;
and
4
percent
were
under
3
years
of
age.
Handicapped
children
accounted
for
13
percent
in
Head
Start
programs.
The
racial/
ethnic
composition
was:
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native,
4
percent;
Hispanic,
26
percent;
black,
36
percent;
white,
31
percent;
and
Asian,
3
percent.
2
The
distribution
of
enrollment
by
age
was:
6
percent
were
5
years
old
and
over;
59
percent
were
4­
year­
olds;
31
percent
were
3­
year­
olds;
and
4
percent
were
under
3
years
of
age.
Handicapped
children
accounted
for
13
percent
in
Head
Start
programs.
The
racial/
ethnic
composition
was:
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native,
3
percent;
Hispanic,
26
percent;
black,
36
percent;
white,
32
percent;
and
Asian,
3
percent.
3
The
distribution
of
enrollment
by
age
was:
6
percent
were
5
years
old
and
over;
59
percent
were
4­
year­
olds;
31
percent
were
3­
year­
olds;
and
4
percent
were
under
3
years
of
age.
Handicapped
children
accounted
for
13
percent
in
Head
Start
programs.
The
racial/
ethnic
composition
was:
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native,
3
percent;
Hispanic,
27
percent;
black,
35
percent;
white,
31
percent;
and
Asian,
3
percent.
4
The
distribution
of
enrollment
by
age
was:
5
percent
were
5
years
old
and
over;
56
percent
were
4­
year­
olds;
33
percent
were
3­
year­
olds;
and
6
percent
were
under
3
years
of
age.
Handicapped
children
accounted
for
13
percent
in
Head
Start
programs.
The
racial/
ethnic
composition
was:
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native,
3
percent;
Hispanic,
29
percent;
black,
35
percent;
white,
30
percent;
Asian,
2
percent,
and
Hawaiian/
Pacific
Islander,
1
percent.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Office
of
Human
Development
Services.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
441
FEDERAL
PROGRAMS
Table
375.
 
Public
school
students
receiving
federally
funded
free
or
reduced
price
lunches,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
School
year
1993
 
94
School
characteristics
Percent
of
students
participating
in
program
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
1
2
3
4
5
Total
..................................................................................................................................................
33.2
(
0.5)
38.8
(
0.7)
22.0
(
0.4)
39.1
(
1.7)

Community
type
Central
city
..........................................................................................................................................
44.9
(
1.0)
52.1
(
1.3)
28.9
(
0.9)
52.2
(
3.0)
Urban
fringe/
large
town
.......................................................................................................................
23.5
(
0.9)
28.3
(
1.4)
14.6
(
0.6)
23.9
(
3.8)
Rural/
small
town
..................................................................................................................................
32.2
(
0.6)
36.3
(
0.8)
23.0
(
0.4)
39.9
(
1.9)

School
size
(
students)
Less
than
150
......................................................................................................................................
38.6
(
1.3)
38.4
(
1.9)
35.8
(
1.5)
50.2
(
2.4)
150
 
299
...............................................................................................................................................
38.1
(
0.9)
39.5
(
1.2)
28.4
(
1.1)
51.8
(
4.9)
300
 
499
...............................................................................................................................................
37.0
(
0.9)
38.8
(
1.0)
26.2
(
1.1)
37.3
(
2.6)
500
 
749
...............................................................................................................................................
33.5
(
0.9)
36.0
(
1.0)
22.3
(
0.7)
34.7
(
2.2)
750
or
more
.........................................................................................................................................
29.7
(
0.9)
42.5
(
1.8)
20.6
(
0.5)
34.3
(
3.2)

Minority
students
Less
than
5%
......................................................................................................................................
22.0
(
0.5)
24.4
(
0.7)
17.0
(
0.6)
28.6
(
1.6)
5
to
19%
..............................................................................................................................................
18.9
(
0.5)
22.2
(
0.8)
11.7
(
0.4)
30.6
(
2.3)
20
to
49%
............................................................................................................................................
32.0
(
0.7)
38.1
(
1.0)
20.1
(
0.4)
38.6
(
5.0)
50%
or
more
........................................................................................................................................
57.3
(
1.1)
65.5
(
1.2)
38.9
(
1.0)
60.6
(
3.2)

NOTE:
Combined
includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1998.)

Table
376.
 
Public
and
private
school
students
receiving
federally
funded
Chapter
1
1
services,
by
selected
school
characteristics:
School
year
1993
 
94
School
characteristics
Percent
of
students
participating
in
program
All
schools
Public
Private
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
2
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Total
..........................
13.1
(
0.4)
14.3
(
0.4)
18.5
(
0.6)
6.1
(
0.3)
13.6
(
0.7)
3.3
(
0.2)
4.6
(
0.3)
1.9
(
0.4)
1.4
(
0.2)

Community
type
Central
city
...................
17.0
(
0.7)
19.4
(
0.8)
24.2
(
1.2)
9.2
(
1.0)
14.4
(
2.3)
4.4
(
0.4)
6.7
(
0.6)
2.5
(
0.7)
0.8
(
0.2)
Urban
fringe/
large
town
9.1
(
0.7)
10.1
(
0.8)
13.0
(
1.2)
4.6
(
0.6)
8.3
(
1.3)
2.0
(
0.2)
2.4
(
0.3)
0.9
(
0.3)
1.9
(
0.6)
Rural/
small
town
..........
13.2
(
0.5)
13.7
(
0.5)
18.2
(
0.7)
5.2
(
0.2)
14.9
(
1.0)
3.0
(
0.5)
4.0
(
0.6)
2.3
(
0.6)
1.8
(
0.7)

School
size
(
students)
Less
than
150
..............
9.8
(
0.6)
16.7
(
0.9)
20.0
(
1.3)
11.1
(
0.9)
15.6
(
1.4)
3.8
(
0.5)
3.3
(
0.5)
8.1
(
3.0)
3.8
(
0.9)
150
 
299
.......................
13.1
(
0.6)
16.7
(
0.8)
19.2
(
1.0)
7.6
(
0.8)
11.6
(
1.7)
5.1
(
0.4)
6.2
(
0.5)
4.1
(
1.9)
1.4
(
0.5)
300
 
499
.......................
14.7
(
0.6)
16.3
(
0.6)
18.0
(
0.7)
7.0
(
0.9)
13.1
(
1.0)
2.6
(
0.4)
3.7
(
0.7)
0.9
(
0.2)
0.8
(
0.2)
500
 
749
.......................
14.7
(
0.6)
15.5
(
0.7)
17.6
(
0.9)
6.0
(
0.7)
18.3
(
2.4)
2.0
(
0.6)
3.8
(
1.3)
1.1
(
0.3)
0.3
(
0.2)
750
or
more
.................
11.3
(
0.7)
11.7
(
0.7)
20.1
(
1.7)
5.8
(
0.4)
11.4
(
1.0)
1.3
(
0.3)
4.5
(
1.6)
0.8
(
0.2)
0.4
(
0.2)

Minority
students
Less
than
5%
...............
7.8
(
0.2)
8.8
(
0.2)
11.6
(
0.3)
3.7
(
0.3)
9.7
(
0.6)
1.7
(
0.1)
2.4
(
0.2)
0.6
(
0.2)
0.8
(
0.3)
5
to
19%
.......................
6.0
(
0.2)
6.6
(
0.3)
8.6
(
0.4)
2.3
(
0.2)
14.2
(
1.7)
2.1
(
0.2)
3.0
(
0.3)
1.6
(
0.5)
0.9
(
0.4)
20
to
49%
.....................
10.2
(
0.7)
10.8
(
0.7)
14.6
(
1.1)
3.3
(
0.2)
13.7
(
1.5)
2.7
(
0.4)
2.7
(
0.6)
3.7
(
1.2)
1.7
(
0.5)
50%
or
more
................
27.8
(
1.0)
29.0
(
1.1)
35.8
(
1.6)
14.9
(
1.2)
18.2
(
2.1)
10.0
(
1.1)
12.4
(
1.3)
2.5
(
0.7)
5.2
(
1.6)

1
Chapter
1
was
reauthorized
under
the
Improving
America's
Schools
Act
(
IASA)
of
1994
and
is
now
called
Title
I.
2
Includes
schools
beginning
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1998.)
443
CHAPTER
5
Outcomes
of
Education
This
chapter
contains
tables
comparing
educational
attainment
and
workforce
characteristics.
The
data
show
labor
force
participation
and
income
levels
of
high
school
dropouts
and
high
school
and
college
graduates.
Population
characteristics
are
provided
for
many
of
the
measures
to
help
provide
comparisons
among
various
demographic
groups.
Tables
379
to
385
contain
data
from
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
on
educational
attainment
and
income
of
the
labor
force,
and
data
from
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
on
employment
and
unemployment.
These
tables
provide
information
on
the
educational
attainment
of
the
labor
force,
by
occupation,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity;
income,
by
level
of
education
attained;
and
unemployment
rates,
by
level
of
education
attained
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity.
Tables
384
and
385
were
compiled
from
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
data
on
high
school
dropouts
and
graduates.
These
data
show
the
labor
force
participation
and
college
enrollment
of
high
school
students
within
the
year
after
they
leave
school.
The
tabulations
also
provide
comparative
labor
force
participation
and
unemployment
rates
for
graduates
and
dropouts
Additional
information
on
college
enrollment
rates
by
race/
ethnicity
and
sex
have
been
included
to
help
form
a
more
complete
picture
of
high
school
outcomes.
Tables
382,
383,
and
387
to
390
were
prepared
from
a
Bureau
of
the
Census
survey
on
earnings
and
education
and
from
the
Recent
College
Graduates
and
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
surveys
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
These
tables
provide
data
on
employment
outcomes
for
college
graduates.
Table
382
provides
a
salary
comparison
by
education
level
and
sex
for
the
entire
population.
Trends
in
salaries
received
by
all
college
graduates
also
are
featured
in
this
section.
The
last
two
tables
in
this
chapter
deal
with
community
service
and
literacy
skills.
Statistics
related
to
outcomes
of
education
appear
in
other
sections
of
the
Digest.
For
example,
statistics
on
educational
attainment
of
the
entire
population
are
in
Chapter
1.
More
detailed
data
on
the
numbers
of
high
school
and
college
graduates
are
contained
in
Chapters
2
and
3.
Chapter
3
contains
trend
data
on
the
proportion
of
high
school
graduates
going
to
college.
Additional
data
on
the
income
of
persons
by
educational
attainment
may
be
obtained
from
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
in
the
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
60.
The
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
has
a
series
of
publications
dealing
with
the
educational
characteristics
of
the
labor
force.
Further
information
on
survey
methodologies
is
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
appendix
and
in
the
publications
cited
in
the
source
notes.

Labor
Force
Adults
with
higher
levels
of
education
were
more
likely
to
participate
in
the
labor
force
(
including
those
who
were
employed
and
those
actively
seeking
employment
than
those
with
less
education.
About
80
percent
of
adults,
25
years
old
and
over
with
a
bachelor's
or
higher
degree,
participated
in
the
labor
force
in
2000
compared
with
65
percent
of
persons
who
were
high
school
graduates.
In
contrast,
43
percent
of
those
25
and
older,
who
were
not
high
school
graduates,
were
in
the
labor
force.
The
labor
force
participation
rates
for
blacks
and
Hispanics
age
25
and
older
with
high
school
diplomas
were
higher
than
the
average
for
all
people
with
similar
levels
of
education
(
table
379).
The
labor
force
participation
rate
for
blacks
age
25
and
over
with
a
bachelor's
degree
was
also
higher
than
the
average
for
whites.
Persons
with
lower
levels
of
educational
attainment
were
more
likely
to
be
unemployed
than
those
who
had
higher
levels
of
educational
attainment.
The
2000
unemployment
rate
for
adults
(
25
years
old
and
over)
who
had
not
completed
high
school
was
6.4
percent
compared
with
3.5
percent
for
those
with
4
years
of
high
school
and
1.7
percent
for
those
with
a
bachelor's
degree
or
higher.
Younger
people
with
high
school
diplomas
tended
to
have
higher
unemployment
rates
than
persons
25
and
over
with
similar
levels
of
education
(
table
381).
Four
years
after
graduating
from
college
in
1992
 
93,
89
percent
of
those
receiving
bachelor's
degrees
were
employed
(
81
percent
full
time
and
8
percent
part
time),
2.7
percent
were
unemployed,
and
8.1
percent
were
not
in
the
labor
force
(
table
388).

Income
Between
1996
and
1999,
the
median
annual
income
of
male
full­
time
year­
round
workers,
when
adjusted
for
inflation,
increased
by
7
percent
and
the
in­
444
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
come
for
females
rose
by
5
percent.
Women's
incomes
remain
lower
than
men's
incomes,
even
after
adjusting
for
level
of
education.
The
average
1999
incomes
for
full­
time
year­
round
workers
with
a
bachelor's
degree
were
$
52,985
for
men
and
$
37,993
for
women
(
table
382).

Dropouts
and
Graduates
The
difficulties
in
entering
the
job
market
for
dropouts
and
youth
in
general,
are
highlighted
by
examining
their
labor
force
and
unemployment
status.
About
68
percent
of
1999
 
2000
dropouts
were
in
the
labor
force
(
employed
or
looking
for
work),
and
28
percent
of
those
were
unemployed.
Of
the
2000
high
school
graduates
who
were
not
in
college,
80
percent
were
in
the
labor
force,
and
13
percent
of
those
in
the
labor
force
were
unemployed
(
tables
384
and
385).

84
80
85
78
82
65
70
43
20
to
24
25
and
over
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percent
Less
than
high
school
graduate
High
school
graduate
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Office
of
Employment
and
Unemployment
Statistics,
Current
Population
Survey,
2000.
Figure
23.
 
Labor
force
participation
of
persons
20
years
old
and
over,
by
age
and
highest
level
of
education:
2000
Age
445
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Dropouts
High
school
graduates
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent
Not
in
labor
force
Unemployed
Employed
Figure
25.
 
Labor
force
status
of
1999
 
2000
high
school
dropouts
and
graduates
not
enrolled
in
college:
October
2000
6.4
3.5
2.9
2.3
1.7
0
5
10
Percent
unemployed
Figure
24.
 
Unemployment
rates
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
highest
level
of
education:
2000
Less
than
high
school
graduate
High
school
graduate,
no
college
Some
college,
no
degree
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
or
higher
degree
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Office
of
Employment
and
Unemployment
Statistics,
Current
Population
Survey,
2000.
All
education
levels
3.0
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
"
Employment
Status
of
School
Age
Youth,
High
School
Graduates
and
Dropouts,
2000."
19.2
48.9
19.7
32.0
69.7
10.5
Highest
level
of
education
High
school
completion
status
446
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
All
fields
Biological
sciences
Business
Education
Engineering
Health
Mathematics
Social
sciences
Field
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Salary
1985­
86
graduates
1989­
90
graduates
1992­
93
graduates
Figure
27.
 
Salaries
of
recent
bachelor's
degree
recipients
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field:
1987,
1991,
and
1994
[
In
constant
1994
dollars]
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Income
Figure
26.
 
Median
annual
income
of
persons
with
income
25
years
old
and
over,
by
highest
level
of
education
and
sex:
1999
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P­
60,
"
Money
Income
in
the
United
States:
1999."

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
"
Recent
College
Graduates"
surveys,
1987
and
1991,
and
"
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study,
First
Follow­
up"
survey.
Some
high
school,
no
diploma
High
school
graduate
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
Master's
degree
$
Men
Women
Highest
level
of
education
$
447
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
377.
 
Percent
of
18­
to
25­
year­
olds
reporting
drug
use
during
the
past
30
days
and
the
past
year:
1982
to
1999
Drug
1982
1985
1988
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Percent
reporting
drug
use
during
past
30
days
Any
illicit
use
.............................
 
25.3
17.9
15.0
15.4
13.1
13.6
13.3
14.2
15.6
14.7
16.1
17.1
Marijuana
..............................
27.2
21.7
15.3
12.7
12.9
10.9
11.1
12.1
12.0
13.2
12.8
13.8
14.8
Cocaine
................................
7.0
8.1
4.8
2.3
2.2
2.0
1.6
1.2
1.3
2.0
1.2
2.0
1.7
Alcohol
.......................................
66.6
70.1
64.7
62.8
63.1
58.6
58.7
63.1
61.3
60.0
58.4
60.0
58.0
Cigarettes
..................................
 
47.4
45.6
40.9
41.7
41.5
37.9
34.6
35.3
38.3
40.6
41.6
39.7
Percent
reporting
drug
use
during
past
year
Any
illicit
use
.............................
 
37.4
29.1
26.1
26.6
24.1
24.2
24.6
25.5
26.8
25.3
27.4
29.6
Marijuana
..............................
37.4
34.0
26.1
23.0
22.9
21.2
21.4
21.8
21.8
23.8
22.3
24.1
24.8
Cocaine
................................
15.9
13.6
10.5
6.5
6.7
5.5
4.4
3.6
4.3
4.7
3.9
4.7
5.3
Alcohol
.......................................
80.6
84.2
79.6
78.1
80.7
75.6
76.9
78.5
76.5
75.3
75.1
74.2
75.0
Cigarettes
..................................
 
49.9
50.9
45.1
46.9
46.8
43.7
41.1
42.5
44.7
45.9
47.1
47.5
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Marijuana
includes
hashish
usage
for
1996
and
later
years.
Some
estimates
from
1982
have
been
revised
and
may
differ
from
previously
published
figures.
Data
for
1999
gathered
using
Computer
Assisted
Interviewing
(
CAI)
and
may
not
be
directly
comparable
to
previous
years.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services,
Substance
Abuse
and
Mental
Health
Services
Administration,
``
National
Household
Survey
on
Drug
Abuse:
Main
Findings,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
378.
 
Percent
of
1972,
1982,
and
1992
high
school
seniors
who
felt
that
certain
life
values
were
``
very
important,''
by
sex:
1972
to
1994
Value
Percent
of
1972
seniors
Percent
of
1982
seniors
Percent
of
1992
seniors
1972
1974
(
2
years
after
high
school)
1976
(
4
years
after
high
school)
1982
1984
(
2
years
after
high
school)
1986
(
4
years
after
high
school)
1992
1994
(
2
years
after
high
school)

Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Being
successful
in
work
...........................................
86.5
83.0
81.2
74.9
80.3
69.7
88.2
85.5
88.7
84.2
84.0
77.2
89.0
89.6
90.1
89.9
90.3
Finding
steady
work
..................................................
82.3
73.7
74.7
59.9
79.3
62.1
88.0
84.4
87.4
83.3
84.2
76.3
87.1
88.6
89.7
88.7
90.7
Having
lots
of
money
.................................................
26.0
9.8
17.8
9.1
17.7
9.4
41.3
24.1
35.8
20.9
27.8
16.9
45.3
29.4
35.2
39.5
30.9
Being
a
leader
in
the
community
..............................
14.9
8.0
8.5
4.4
9.2
4.2
11.3
5.9
13.7
6.4
9.5
4.5
 
 
 
 
 
Correcting
inequalities
...............................................
22.5
31.1
16.6
18.2
16.2
17.1
11.8
11.7
13.3
13.9
10.7
10.9
17.0
23.6
 
 
 
Having
children
..........................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
37.0
47.0
42.7
56.3
41.4
56.2
39.0
49.2
 
 
 
Having
a
happy
family
life
.........................................
78.6
85.7
83.1
86.7
84.2
86.4
81.6
86.3
86.1
90.2
86.8
87.8
 
 
 
 
 
Providing
better
opportunities
for
my
children
..........
66.6
66.2
59.5
61.6
59.8
58.8
71.0
68.7
72.1
69.9
68.4
67.4
74.5
76.5
90.5
90.3
90.8
Living
closer
to
parents
or
relatives
..........................
6.8
8.2
8.3
12.4
7.7
11.9
15.0
15.7
15.6
20.1
12.9
19.8
15.2
18.7
 
 
 
Moving
from
area
......................................................
14.3
14.6
8.3
7.4
6.7
6.4
14.4
12.8
10.5
9.1
9.0
7.4
20.7
20.1
 
 
 
Having
strong
friendships
..........................................
81.2
78.7
76.5
74.7
76.1
72.1
80.4
79.1
80.1
79.7
76.5
75.0
79.8
80.0
87.6
88.1
87.0
Having
leisure
time
....................................................
 
 
60.9
55.1
65.4
60.1
70.2
68.8
74.5
72.0
70.1
68.9
65.3
62.0
 
 
 
 
Question
not
asked.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
National
Longitudinal
Study,''
``
High
School
and
Beyond''
surveys,
and
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study,''
second
and
third
followup
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
1995.)
448
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
379.
 
Labor
force
participation
of
persons
16
years
old
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
highest
level
of
education:
2000
Age,
sex,
and
race/
ethnicity
Labor
force
participation
rate
1
Employment/
population
ratio
2
Total
Less
than
high
school
graduate
3
High
school
graduate
College
Total
Less
than
high
school
graduate
3
High
school
graduate
College
Some
college
no
degree
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
Some
college
no
degree
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
16
to
19
years
old
4
..............
52.2
45.1
69.6
61.9
68.9
 
45.4
38.0
61.6
57.8
65.7
 
Men
...........................................
53.0
46.3
73.1
60.3
76.8
 
45.6
38.6
64.6
56.0
70.1
 
Women
......................................
51.3
43.7
66.2
63.1
64.2
 
45.2
37.3
58.6
59.1
63.1
 
White
5
.......................................
55.7
48.7
72.5
65.1
72.0
 
49.3
41.9
65.6
61.1
68.6
 
Black
5
........................................
39.2
32.5
58.4
49.0
43.9
 
29.5
23.3
44.4
43.5
40.7
 
Hispanic
6
...................................
46.3
38.6
67.9
65.8
72.9
 
38.5
30.9
59.4
58.9
72.9
 
20
to
24
years
old
4
..............
77.9
69.5
82.3
74.2
84.9
84.4
72.4
59.5
75.5
70.4
82.2
80.8
Men
...........................................
82.6
83.0
88.2
75.0
88.3
86.5
76.6
72.8
80.9
71.0
85.6
82.7
Women
......................................
73.3
52.4
75.7
73.4
82.1
83.0
68.2
42.7
69.2
69.8
79.3
79.4
White
5
.......................................
79.9
72.0
84.4
75.9
86.1
86.6
75.3
63.8
78.8
72.6
83.7
83.1
Black
5
........................................
71.8
59.7
75.6
71.1
80.9
80.7
61.0
41.6
63.2
64.4
75.9
75.7
Hispanic
6
...................................
77.7
72.8
82.1
77.6
80.0
86.3
71.8
65.8
75.6
73.7
78.4
82.6
25
and
older
.........................
67.4
43.1
64.6
72.2
78.1
79.5
65.4
40.4
62.3
70.1
76.3
78.2
Men
...........................................
76.0
55.1
75.0
79.4
84.6
84.4
73.8
52.1
72.5
77.3
82.7
83.1
Women
......................................
59.7
32.4
55.8
65.7
73.2
74.2
57.8
29.8
53.8
63.7
71.4
72.9
White
5
.......................................
67.2
43.8
63.8
71.1
77.8
79.1
65.4
41.3
61.9
69.2
76.2
77.9
Black
5
........................................
68.3
39.1
69.9
78.4
81.8
84.4
64.6
34.9
65.4
75.2
78.9
82.3
Hispanic
6
...................................
70.2
60.3
74.0
79.4
81.6
82.9
67.1
56.5
71.1
76.9
79.3
81.1
 
Too
few
sample
cases
for
a
reliable
estimate.
1
Percent
of
the
civilian
population
who
are
employed
or
seeking
employment.
2
Number
of
persons
employed
as
a
percent
of
civilian
population.
3
Includes
persons
reporting
no
school
years
completed.
4
Excludes
persons
enrolled
in
school.
5
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
6
Hispanics
may
be
of
any
race.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Office
of
Employment
and
Unemployment
Statistics,
unpublished
tabulations
of
annual
averages
from
the
Current
Population
Survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
380.
 
Occupation
of
employed
persons
25
to
64
years
old,
by
educational
attainment
and
sex:
2000
Sex
and
occupation
Total
employed,
in
thousands
Percentage
distribution,
by
years
of
school
completed
Total
Less
than
one
year
of
high
school
High
school
College
1
 
4
years
of
high
school,
no
diploma
High
school
graduate
Some
college
no
degree
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree
More
than
a
bachelor's
degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
All
persons
All
occupational
groups
.........................................................
110,542
100.0
3.4
6.2
31.3
18.7
9.4
20.6
10.5
Managerial
and
professional
specialty
.............................
37,204
100.0
0.3
1.2
11.9
13.5
8.9
37.5
26.8
Executive,
administrative,
and
managerial
...................
18,162
100.0
0.5
1.8
19.0
19.2
9.0
35.2
15.2
Professional
specialty
occupations
...............................
19,041
100.0
0.2
0.5
5.1
8.0
8.8
39.7
37.8
Teachers,
except
college
and
university
...................
4,772
100.0
0.1
0.5
4.8
6.3
3.5
47.5
37.3
Teachers,
college
and
university
...............................
824
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
1.6
1.8
13.8
82.2
Technical,
sales,
and
administrative
support
................
30,698
100.0
0.9
3.3
34.4
25.6
12.1
20.0
3.8
Technicians
and
related
support
...............................
3,761
100.0
0.2
1.2
19.7
23.4
23.6
26.2
5.6
Sales
occupations
.....................................................
12,051
100.0
1.4
4.3
31.3
22.3
8.6
26.8
5.4
Administrative
support,
including
clerical
..................
14,887
100.0
0.6
3.0
40.6
28.8
12.0
13.0
2.0
Service
occupations
......................................................
12,885
100.0
7.4
12.3
42.6
20.0
8.5
7.8
1.4
Precision
production,
craft,
and
repair
..........................
12,915
100.0
5.3
11.0
46.0
20.1
10.3
6.2
1.1
Operators,
fabricators,
and
laborers
.............................
14,363
100.0
8.6
14.5
50.3
15.9
5.2
4.6
0.8
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
.......................................
2,477
100.0
18.0
11.6
37.2
14.7
6.6
9.8
2.1
Men
All
occupational
groups
.........................................................
59,215
100.0
4.1
6.8
31.1
18.2
8.2
20.6
11.1
Managerial
and
professional
specialty
.............................
18,709
100.0
0.4
1.2
11.2
13.3
6.7
37.7
29.4
Executive,
administrative,
and
managerial
...................
9,950
100.0
0.6
1.9
16.9
17.5
7.4
38.3
17.4
Professional
specialty
occupations
...............................
8,759
100.0
0.1
0.4
4.8
8.6
5.9
37.0
43.1
Teachers,
except
college
and
university
...................
1,173
100.0
0.0
0.4
3.8
6.4
2.7
44.2
42.5
Teachers,
college
and
university
...............................
462
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
1.1
1.5
10.8
85.7
Technical,
sales,
and
administrative
support
................
11,180
100.0
1.2
2.8
26.6
23.8
10.6
28.7
6.3
Technicians
and
related
support
...............................
1,807
100.0
0.3
1.1
17.9
22.9
19.0
31.3
7.5
Sales
occupations
.....................................................
6,426
100.0
1.4
2.9
25.8
22.0
8.4
32.4
7.2
Administrative
support,
including
clerical
..................
2,947
100.0
1.4
3.5
33.8
28.4
10.1
19.2
3.6
Service
occupations
......................................................
4,908
100.0
7.5
9.5
37.7
23.2
9.5
10.7
2.0
Precision
production,
craft,
and
repair
..........................
11,731
100.0
5.2
11.0
45.9
20.3
10.6
5.9
1.0
Operators,
fabricators,
and
laborers
.............................
10,753
100.0
7.8
14.0
50.1
16.8
5.5
4.9
0.9
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
.......................................
1,934
100.0
19.4
12.4
37.1
14.0
5.8
9.2
2.1
Women
All
occupational
groups
.........................................................
51,328
100.0
2.6
5.4
31.4
19.3
10.7
20.7
9.8
Managerial
and
professional
specialty
.............................
18,495
100.0
0.3
1.1
12.6
13.6
11.1
37.3
24.0
Executive,
administrative,
and
managerial
...................
8,212
100.0
0.5
1.7
21.5
21.3
10.9
31.4
12.6
Professional
specialty
occupations
...............................
10,282
100.0
0.2
0.6
5.5
7.4
11.3
41.9
33.2
Teachers,
except
college
and
university
...................
3,598
100.0
0.1
0.6
5.1
6.3
3.7
48.6
35.6
Teachers,
college
and
university
...............................
362
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
2.2
2.2
17.7
77.3
Technical,
sales,
and
administrative
support
................
19,518
100.0
0.7
3.6
38.8
26.6
12.9
15.0
2.3
Technicians
and
related
support
...............................
1,954
100.0
0.2
1.3
21.4
24.0
27.8
21.5
3.8
Sales
occupations
.....................................................
5,625
100.0
1.3
6.0
37.6
22.7
8.8
20.3
3.3
Administrative
support,
including
clerical
..................
11,940
100.0
0.4
2.9
42.3
28.9
12.5
11.4
1.6
Service
occupations
......................................................
7,978
100.0
7.4
14.0
45.6
18.0
7.9
6.1
1.1
Precision
production,
craft,
and
repair
..........................
1,184
100.0
6.3
10.7
46.7
18.3
7.3
8.9
1.8
Operators,
fabricators,
and
laborers
.............................
3,611
100.0
11.1
16.2
50.8
13.2
4.4
3.8
0.5
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
.......................................
542
100.0
13.1
9.0
37.3
17.3
9.4
12.0
2.0
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Office
of
Employment
and
Unemployment
Statistics,
unpublished
tabulations
from
the
Current
Population
Survey
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
449
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
381.
 
Unemployment
rate
of
persons
16
years
old
and
over,
by
age,
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
highest
degree
attained:
1998,
1999,
and
2000
Sex,
race/
ethnicity,
and
highest
degree
attained
Percent
unemployed,
1998
1
Percent
unemployed,
1999
1
Percent
unemployed,
2000
1
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
2
25
years
old
and
over
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
2
25
years
old
and
over
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
2
25
years
old
and
over
Total
16
to
19
years
20
to
24
years
Total
16
to
19
years
20
to
24
years
Total
16
to
19
years
20
to
24
years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
All
persons
All
education
levels
..............................
10.4
14.6
7.9
3.4
9.9
13.9
7.5
3.1
9.3
13.1
7.1
3.0
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
14.0
13.2
16.1
7.1
16.0
16.5
14.6
6.7
15.3
15.6
14.4
6.4
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
10.1
12.5
9.1
4.0
9.7
12.3
8.6
3.5
9.3
11.6
8.3
3.5
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
6.3
7.7
5.9
3.2
5.9
7.3
5.4
3.0
5.5
6.7
5.1
2.9
Associate
degree
............................
4.3
 
4.1
2.5
4.7
6.7
4.6
2.5
3.2
3.2
3.2
2.3
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
4.0
 
4.1
1.8
4.7
 
4.8
1.8
4.2
 
4.2
1.7
Men
All
education
levels
..............................
11.1
16.2
8.1
3.2
10.3
14.7
7.7
3.0
9.7
14.0
7.3
2.8
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
17.4
18.7
14.2
6.1
15.6
17.0
12.2
5.8
15.2
16.5
12.2
5.5
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
10.0
13.6
8.5
3.9
9.7
12.3
8.6
3.3
9.2
11.7
8.2
3.4
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
6.7
8.7
6.2
3.0
6.2
8.2
5.7
2.8
5.7
7.2
5.4
2.7
Associate
degree
............................
4.2
 
 
2.3
5.3
9.1
5.2
2.5
3.2
7.7
3.0
2.3
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
4.3
 
4.3
1.6
5.6
 
5.7
1.8
4.2
 
4.2
1.5
Women
All
education
levels
..............................
9.8
12.9
7.8
3.6
9.5
13.2
7.2
3.3
8.9
12.1
7.0
3.2
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
16.6
15.8
20.0
8.6
16.6
15.9
19.1
8.2
15.4
14.5
18.6
7.8
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
10.3
11.4
9.8
4.1
9.8
12.3
8.6
3.7
9.5
11.5
8.5
3.5
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
5.9
7.0
5.6
3.4
5.6
6.8
5.2
3.2
5.2
6.3
4.9
3.0
Associate
degree
............................
4.5
 
4.2
2.7
4.2
5.3
4.2
2.5
3.2
 
3.3
2.4
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
3.8
 
3.9
2.0
4.1
 
4.1
1.8
4.2
 
4.3
1.8
White
3
All
education
levels
..............................
8.8
12.6
6.5
3.0
8.5
12.0
6.3
2.8
7.9
11.4
5.8
2.6
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
14.3
14.9
12.6
6.3
13.7
14.3
12.1
5.9
13.2
13.8
11.4
5.6
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
8.4
10.8
7.2
3.4
8.0
10.3
7.0
3.0
7.5
9.5
6.6
3.0
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
5.5
6.9
5.1
2.8
5.0
6.4
4.6
2.7
4.7
6.1
4.3
2.6
Associate
degree
............................
3.9
 
3.7
2.2
4.4
8.0
4.2
2.3
2.9
3.7
2.8
2.1
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
3.9
 
3.9
1.7
4.6
 
4.6
1.7
4.0
 
4.0
1.6
Black
3
All
education
levels
..............................
20.7
27.6
16.8
6.4
19.2
27.9
14.6
5.7
18.2
24.7
15.0
5.4
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
33.1
33.1
33.2
11.6
31.2
32.3
28.7
11.6
29.1
28.4
30.3
10.7
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
19.5
22.8
18.2
7.4
18.6
24.6
16.4
6.3
18.3
23.9
16.4
6.5
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
11.2
14.0
10.6
5.5
10.8
15.4
10.0
4.7
9.7
11.1
9.4
4.2
Associate
degree
............................
8.1
 
 
4.0
8.0
20.0
7.4
3.8
6.3
 
6.4
3.5
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
4.6
 
4.6
2.9
5.7
 
5.7
2.7
5.6
 
5.7
2.5
Hispanic
origin
4
All
education
levels
..............................
13.2
21.3
9.3
5.5
11.8
18.7
8.3
5.0
10.6
16.7
7.5
4.4
Less
than
a
high
school
graduate
..
17.9
24.3
11.9
7.2
16.1
21.3
11.1
7.1
14.4
19.9
9.6
6.3
High
school
graduate,
no
college
...
11.6
17.3
9.6
5.5
10.2
15.4
8.3
4.7
9.1
12.6
7.9
3.9
Some
college,
no
degree
...............
7.9
12.4
7.0
4.0
7.2
11.4
6.1
3.4
6.4
10.4
5.1
3.2
Associate
degree
............................
 
 
 
3.4
4.3
 
4.4
3.1
2.4
 
2.5
2.9
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
...........
 
 
 
3.2
4.1
 
4.1
2.5
4.6
 
4.7
2.2
 
Not
available.
1
The
unemployment
rate
is
the
percent
of
individuals
in
the
labor
force
who
are
not
working
and
who
made
specific
efforts
to
find
employment
sometime
during
the
prior
4
weeks.
The
labor
force
includes
both
employed
and
unemployed
persons.
2
Excludes
persons
enrolled
in
school.
3
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.
4
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
Office
of
Employment
and
Unemployment
Statistics,
unpublished
tabulations
of
annual
averages
from
the
Current
Population
Survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
450
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
382.
 
Median
annual
income
of
year­
round,
full­
time
workers
25
years
old
and
over,
by
level
of
education
completed
and
sex:
1989
to
1999
Sex
and
year
Total
Elementary/
secondary
College
Less
than
9th
grade
9th
to
12th
grade,
no
diploma
1
High
school
graduate
2
Some
college,
no
degree
3
Associate
degree
4
Bachelor's
degree
or
higher
5
Total
5
Bachelor's
6
Master's
4
Professional
4
Doctorate
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Current
dollars
Men
1989
..............................................
$
30,465
$
17,555
$
21,065
$
26,609
$
31,308
 
$
41,892
$
38,565
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
30,733
17,394
20,902
26,653
31,734
 
42,671
39,238
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
31,613
17,623
21,402
26,779
31,663
$
33,817
45,138
40,906
$
49,734
$
73,996
$
57,187
1992
..............................................
32,057
17,294
21,274
27,280
32,103
33,433
45,802
41,355
49,973
76,220
57,418
1993
..............................................
32,359
16,863
21,752
27,370
32,077
33,690
47,740
42,757
51,867
80,549
63,149
1994
..............................................
33,440
17,532
22,048
28,037
32,279
35,794
49,228
43,663
53,500
75,009
61,921
1995
..............................................
34,551
18,354
22,185
29,510
33,883
35,201
50,481
45,266
55,216
79,667
65,336
1996
..............................................
35,622
17,962
22,717
30,709
34,845
37,131
51,436
45,846
60,508
85,963
71,227
1997
..............................................
36,678
19,291
24,726
31,215
35,945
38,022
53,450
48,616
61,690
85,011
76,234
1998
..............................................
37,906
19,380
23,958
31,477
36,934
40,274
56,524
51,405
62,244
94,737
75,078
1999
..............................................
40,333
20,429
25,035
33,184
39,221
41,638
60,201
52,985
66,243
100,000
81,687
Women
1989
..............................................
20,570
12,188
13,923
17,528
21,631
 
28,799
26,709
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
21,372
12,251
14,429
18,319
22,227
 
30,377
28,017
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
22,043
12,066
14,455
18,836
22,143
25,000
31,310
29,079
34,949
46,742
43,303
1992
..............................................
23,139
12,958
14,559
19,427
23,157
25,624
32,304
30,326
36,037
46,257
45,790
1993
..............................................
23,629
12,415
15,386
19,963
23,056
25,883
34,307
31,197
38,612
50,211
47,248
1994
..............................................
24,399
12,430
15,133
20,373
23,514
25,940
35,378
31,741
39,457
50,615
51,119
1995
..............................................
24,875
13,577
15,825
20,463
23,997
27,311
35,259
32,051
40,263
50,000
48,141
1996
..............................................
25,808
14,414
16,953
21,175
25,167
28,083
36,461
33,525
41,901
57,624
56,267
1997
..............................................
26,974
14,161
16,697
22,067
26,335
28,812
38,038
35,379
44,949
61,051
53,037
1998
..............................................
27,956
14,467
16,482
22,780
27,420
29,924
39,786
36,559
45,283
57,565
57,796
1999
..............................................
28,844
15,098
17,015
23,061
27,757
30,919
41,747
37,993
48,097
59,904
60,079
Constant
1999
dollars
Men
1989
..............................................
$
40,931
$
23,586
$
28,302
$
35,750
$
42,064
 
$
56,284
$
51,814
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
39,175
22,172
26,643
33,974
40,451
 
54,392
50,016
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
38,669
21,556
26,179
32,756
38,730
$
41,365
55,213
50,036
$
60,835
$
90,512
$
69,951
1992
..............................................
38,066
20,536
25,262
32,394
38,121
39,700
54,388
49,107
59,341
90,508
68,181
1993
..............................................
37,308
19,442
25,079
31,556
36,983
38,843
55,041
49,296
59,800
92,868
72,807
1994
..............................................
37,592
19,709
24,785
31,518
36,287
40,238
55,340
49,084
60,142
84,322
69,609
1995
..............................................
37,770
20,064
24,252
32,260
37,040
38,481
55,185
49,484
60,361
87,090
71,424
1996
..............................................
37,824
19,072
24,121
32,608
36,999
39,427
54,616
48,680
64,249
91,277
75,630
1997
..............................................
38,072
20,024
25,666
32,401
37,311
39,467
55,481
50,464
64,035
88,242
79,131
1998
..............................................
38,743
19,808
24,487
32,172
37,750
41,163
57,772
52,540
63,619
96,829
76,736
1999
..............................................
40,333
20,429
25,035
33,184
39,221
41,638
60,201
52,985
66,243
100,000
81,687
Women
1989
..............................................
27,637
16,375
18,706
23,550
29,062
 
38,693
35,885
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
27,242
15,616
18,392
23,351
28,332
 
38,721
35,713
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
26,963
14,759
17,681
23,040
27,085
30,580
38,298
35,569
42,750
57,175
52,968
1992
..............................................
27,477
15,387
17,288
23,069
27,498
30,427
38,360
36,011
42,792
54,928
54,374
1993
..............................................
27,243
14,314
17,739
23,016
26,582
29,842
39,554
35,968
44,517
57,890
54,474
1994
..............................................
27,428
13,973
17,012
22,902
26,433
29,161
39,770
35,682
44,356
56,899
57,466
1995
..............................................
27,193
14,842
17,300
22,370
26,233
29,856
38,544
35,037
44,015
54,659
52,627
1996
..............................................
27,404
15,305
18,001
22,484
26,723
29,819
38,715
35,598
44,491
61,186
59,746
1997
..............................................
27,999
14,699
17,332
22,906
27,336
29,907
39,484
36,724
46,657
63,371
55,053
1998
..............................................
28,573
14,787
16,846
23,283
28,026
30,585
40,665
37,366
46,283
58,836
59,072
1999
..............................................
28,844
15,098
17,015
23,061
27,757
30,919
41,747
37,993
48,097
59,904
60,079
Number
with
income
(
in
thousands)

Men
1989
..............................................
44,596
2,425
3,312
16,392
9,028
 
13,439
7,473
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
44,406
2,250
3,315
16,394
9,113
 
13,334
7,569
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
44,199
1,807
3,083
15,025
8,034
2,899
13,350
8,456
3,073
1,147
674
1992
..............................................
44,752
1,815
3,009
14,722
8,067
3,203
13,937
8,719
3,178
1,295
745
1993
..............................................
45,873
1,790
3,083
14,604
8,493
3,557
14,346
9,178
3,131
1,231
808
1994
..............................................
47,566
1,895
3,057
15,109
8,783
3,735
14,987
9,636
3,225
1,258
868
1995
..............................................
48,500
1,946
3,335
15,331
8,908
3,926
15,054
9,597
3,395
1,208
853
1996
..............................................
49,764
2,041
3,441
15,840
9,173
3,931
15,339
9,898
3,272
1,277
893
1997
..............................................
50,807
1,914
3,548
16,225
9,170
4,086
15,864
10,349
3,228
1,321
966
1998
..............................................
52,381
1,870
3,613
16,442
9,375
4,347
16,733
11,058
3,414
1,264
998
1999
..............................................
53,062
1,993
3,295
16,589
9,684
4,359
17,142
11,142
3,725
1,267
1,008
Women
1989
..............................................
28,056
906
1,830
11,785
6,217
 
7,318
4,465
 
 
 
1990
..............................................
28,636
847
1,861
11,810
6,462
 
7,655
4,704
 
 
 
1991
..............................................
29,474
733
1,819
10,959
5,633
2,523
7,807
5,263
2,025
312
206
1992
..............................................
30,346
734
1,659
11,039
5,904
2,655
8,355
5,604
2,192
334
225
1993
..............................................
30,683
765
1,576
10,513
6,279
3,067
8,483
5,735
2,166
323
260
1994
..............................................
31,379
696
1,675
10,785
6,256
3,210
8,756
5,901
2,174
398
283
1995
..............................................
32,673
774
1,763
11,064
6,329
3,336
9,406
6,434
2,268
421
283
1996
..............................................
33,549
750
1,751
11,363
6,582
3,468
9,636
6,689
2,213
413
322
1997
..............................................
34,624
791
1,765
11,475
6,628
3,538
10,427
7,173
2,448
488
318
1998
..............................................
35,628
814
1,878
11,613
7,070
3,527
10,725
7,288
2,639
468
329
1999
..............................................
37,091
886
1,883
11,824
7,453
3,804
11,242
7,607
2,818
470
346
 
Not
available.
1
Includes
1
to
3
years
high
school
for
1989
and
1990.
2
Includes
4
years
of
high
school
for
1989
and
1990,
and
equivalency
certificates
for
the
other
years.
3
Includes
1
to
3
years
of
college
and
associate
degrees
for
1989
and
1990.
4
Not
reported
separately
for
1989
and
1990.
5
Includes
4
or
more
years
of
college
for
1989
and
1990.
6
Includes
4
years
of
college
for
1989
and
1990.
NOTE:
Data
for
1992
and
later
years
are
based
on
1990
Census
counts.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
Series
P
 
60,
``
Money
Income
of
Households,
Families,
and
Persons
in
the
United
States,''
``
Income,
Poverty,
and
Valuation
of
Noncash
Benefits,''
various
years;
and
Series
P
 
60,
``
Money
Income
in
the
United
States,''
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
451
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
383.
 
Total
annual
money
income
and
median
income
of
persons
25
years
old
and
over,
by
educational
attainment
and
sex:
1999
Sex,
earnings,
and
age
Total
Less
than
9th
grade
Some
high
school
(
no
diploma)
High
school
graduate
(
includes
equivalency
College
Some
college,
no
degree
Associate
degree
Bachelor's
or
higher
degree
Total
Bachelor's
degree
Master's
degree
Professional
degree
Doctor's
degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Number,
in
thousands
Men,
25
years
old
and
over
Total
.........................................
83,611
5,918
7,298
26,651
14,540
5,952
23,251
14,909
5,166
1,752
1,425
With
income
.............................
65,412
2,833
4,608
20,656
11,908
5,175
20,232
13,057
4,462
1,480
1,233
Percentage
distribution
of
men
with
income
Total
....................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
$
1
to
$
4,999
or
loss
................
5.0
9.9
9.3
5.3
5.2
4.0
3.1
2.9
4.0
2.5
3.3
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.....................
4.4
13.0
8.6
5.1
4.1
3.2
2.1
2.4
2.0
1.0
1.1
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.................
6.4
19.1
14.5
7.2
5.2
4.7
3.1
3.6
2.0
2.0
2.0
$
15,000
to
$
24,999
.................
16.8
32.9
28.4
21.7
17.0
14.7
7.5
8.6
5.9
4.6
4.6
$
25,000
to
$
34,999
.................
17.5
13.7
19.9
22.0
19.4
18.0
11.7
13.5
9.9
5.5
6.6
$
35,000
to
$
49,999
.................
20.4
7.5
13.0
22.2
24.0
25.6
18.5
21.4
14.7
10.2
11.7
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.................
17.1
2.8
4.9
12.4
16.8
21.6
25.9
25.8
29.9
15.7
24.1
$
75,000
and
over
....................
12.3
1.1
1.5
4.1
8.3
8.2
28.2
21.9
31.5
58.4
46.6
Median
income
...................
$
34,850
$
16,704
$
20,604
$
29,917
$
34,270
$
36,885
$
51,815
$
47,419
$
57,841
$
86,523
$
71,531
Number,
in
thousands
Women,
25
years
old
and
over
Total
.........................................
91,620
6,261
8,377
31,435
16,213
7,740
21,595
14,931
5,230
834
599
With
income
.............................
58,225
1,673
3,489
18,756
11,483
5,844
16,980
11,548
4,238
687
507
Percentage
distribution
of
women
with
income
Total
....................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
$
1
to
$
4,999
or
loss
................
11.2
22.7
20.9
12.9
11.0
9.3
7.1
7.9
5.7
5.4
5.3
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.....................
10.4
22.2
21.1
12.7
9.9
8.4
5.5
5.9
5.2
2.3
1.8
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.................
12.3
26.6
22.1
16.0
11.9
10.4
5.6
6.7
3.3
3.6
3.6
$
15,000
to
$
24,999
.................
23.5
21.5
24.5
29.8
26.2
24.6
14.3
16.7
8.6
9.5
11.6
$
25,000
to
$
34,999
.................
18.1
4.1
8.1
17.2
20.2
22.4
19.5
21.8
16.0
11.1
8.3
$
35,000
to
$
49,999
.................
14.1
2.0
2.4
8.6
13.3
17.3
23.4
21.7
28.7
22.6
20.9
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.................
7.5
0.7
0.7
2.3
5.5
5.9
17.3
14.1
24.6
18.6
26.2
$
75,000
and
over
....................
2.9
0.4
0.4
0.6
2.0
1.8
7.3
5.2
8.1
26.8
22.1
Median
income
...................
$
21,417
$
10,754
$
11,432
$
17,126
$
21,426
$
23,760
$
33,370
$
30,730
$
40,553
$
45,926
$
46,949
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Reports,
``
Money
Income
in
the
United
States:
1999.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
in
April
2001.)
452
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
384.
 
College
enrollment
and
labor
force
status
of
1999
and
2000
high
school
graduates,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
October
1999
and
October
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Item
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian
labor
force
1
Not
in
labor
force
Number
Percent
Percent
of
high
school
graduates
Number
Labor
force
participation
rate
Employed
Unemployed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Unemployment
rate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1999
high
school
graduates
2
Total
...........................................................
2,897
100.0
100.0
1,749
60.4
1,536
53.0
213
12.2
1,148
Men
........................................................
1,474
50.9
50.9
928
62.9
821
55.7
107
11.5
546
Women
..................................................
1,423
49.1
49.1
821
57.7
715
50.3
106
12.9
602
White
3
...................................................
2,287
78.9
78.9
1,434
62.7
1,282
56.0
152
10.6
853
Black
3
....................................................
453
15.6
15.6
235
51.8
185
40.8
50
21.3
218
Hispanic
origin
4
.....................................
329
11.4
11.4
217
66.2
158
47.9
60
27.5
111
Enrolled
in
college,
October
1999
.........
1,822
100.0
62.9
845
46.4
790
43.3
55
6.5
977
Men
....................................................
905
49.7
31.2
427
47.1
400
44.2
26
6.2
479
Women
...............................................
917
50.3
31.7
418
45.6
389
42.5
29
6.8
499
2­
year
.................................................
609
33.4
21.0
387
63.5
366
60.0
21
5.5
222
4­
year
.................................................
1,213
66.6
41.9
458
37.8
424
35.0
34
7.4
755
Full­
time
students
..............................
1,677
92.0
57.9
715
42.7
671
40.0
44
6.1
962
Part­
time
students
..............................
145
8.0
5.0
129
89.2
118
81.6
11
8.5
16
White
3
................................................
1,437
78.9
49.6
706
49.2
668
46.5
38
5.4
730
Black
3
................................................
268
14.7
9.3
87
32.4
75
27.9
12
13.9
181
Hispanic
origin
4
.................................
139
7.6
4.8
61
43.6
45
32.5
15
(
6)
78
Not
enrolled
in
college,
October
1999
..
1,075
100.0
37.1
904
84.2
746
69.4
158
17.5
170
Men
....................................................
568
52.8
19.6
501
88.1
420
73.9
81
16.1
67
Women
...............................................
506
47.1
17.5
403
79.7
326
64.4
78
19.2
103
White
3
................................................
851
79.2
29.4
728
85.6
614
72.2
114
15.6
123
Black
3
................................................
185
17.2
6.4
148
80.0
110
59.5
38
25.6
37
Hispanic
origin
4
.................................
190
17.7
6.6
157
82.7
112
59.3
44
28.3
33
2000
high
school
graduates
5
Total
...........................................................
2,756
100.0
100.0
1,629
59.1
1,473
53.5
155
9.5
1,127
Men
........................................................
1,251
45.4
45.4
767
61.3
703
56.2
64
8.3
484
Women
..................................................
1,505
54.6
54.6
862
57.3
770
51.2
92
10.6
643
White
3
...................................................
2,219
80.5
80.5
1,366
61.5
1,260
56.8
105
7.7
854
Black
3
....................................................
404
14.7
14.7
193
47.7
159
39.4
33
17.3
212
Hispanic
origin
4
.....................................
300
10.9
10.9
208
69.2
191
63.7
16
7.9
93
Enrolled
in
college,
October
2000
.........
1,745
100.0
63.3
818
46.8
769
44.0
49
6.0
928
Men
....................................................
749
42.9
27.2
365
48.7
353
47.1
12
3.3
385
Women
...............................................
996
57.1
36.1
453
45.5
416
41.8
37
8.2
543
2­
year
.................................................
589
33.8
21.4
380
64.5
359
61.0
21
5.5
209
4­
year
.................................................
1,156
66.2
41.9
437
37.8
410
35.4
28
6.4
719
Full­
time
students
..............................
1,592
91.2
57.8
697
43.8
650
40.8
48
6.8
895
Part­
time
students
..............................
154
8.8
5.6
120
78.4
119
77.6
1
1.1
33
White
3
................................................
1,420
81.4
51.5
695
48.9
660
46.5
35
5.1
725
Black
3
................................................
227
13.0
8.2
84
36.8
78
34.2
6
7.0
143
Hispanic
origin
4
.................................
159
9.1
5.8
101
63.3
94
59.2
6
6.4
58
Not
enrolled
in
college,
October
2000
..
1,010
100.0
36.6
811
80.3
705
69.7
106
13.1
199
Men
....................................................
501
49.6
18.2
402
80.1
350
69.8
52
12.9
100
Women
...............................................
509
50.4
18.5
409
80.4
354
69.6
55
13.4
100
White
3
................................................
799
79.1
29.0
670
83.9
601
75.1
70
10.4
129
Black
3
................................................
177
17.5
6.4
109
61.5
82
46.0
28
25.2
68
Hispanic
origin
4
.................................
141
14.0
5.1
107
75.8
97
68.8
10
9.3
34
1
The
labor
force
includes
all
employed
persons
plus
those
seeking
employment.
The
labor
force
participation
rate
is
the
percentage
of
persons
either
employed
or
seeking
employment.

2
Includes
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
who
graduated
from
high
school
between
January
and
October
1999.

3
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

4
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.

5
Includes
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
who
graduated
from
high
school
between
January
and
October
2000.

6
Data
not
shown
where
base
is
less
than
75,000.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Percents
are
only
shown
when
the
base
is
75,000
or
greater.
Even
though
the
standard
errors
are
large,
smaller
estimates
are
shown
to
permit
users
to
combine
categories
in
various
ways.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Detail
for
the
above
race
and
Hispanic­
origin
groups
will
not
sum
to
totals
because
data
for
the
``
other
races''
groups
are
not
presented
and
Hispanics
are
included
in
both
the
white
and
black
population
groups.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
``
College
Enrollment
and
Work
Activity
of
2000
High
School
Graduates.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
453
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
385.
 
Labor
force
status
of
1979
 
80
to
1999
 
2000
high
school
dropouts,
by
sex
and
race/
ethnicity:
October
1980
to
October
2000
[
Numbers
in
thousands]

Year,
sex,
and
race
Dropouts
Dropouts
in
civilian
labor
force
1
Not
in
labor
force
Number
Percent
of
total
Number
Labor
force
participation
rate
Employed
Unemployed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Percent
of
dropouts
Number
Unemployment
rate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
All
dropouts
2
1980
........................................................
739
100.0
471
63.7
322
43.6
149
31.6
268
36.3
1985
........................................................
612
100.0
413
67.5
266
43.5
147
35.6
199
32.5
1990
........................................................
405
100.0
280
69.0
189
46.7
90
32.3
125
31.0
1994
........................................................
510
100.0
311
61.1
219
42.9
93
29.8
198
38.9
1995
........................................................
604
100.0
409
67.7
288
47.7
121
29.6
195
32.3
1996
........................................................
496
100.0
289
58.4
210
42.3
80
27.6
206
41.6
1997
........................................................
502
100.0
302
60.2
225
44.9
77
25.4
200
39.8
1998
........................................................
505
100.0
308
60.9
221
43.7
87
28.2
197
39.1
1999
........................................................
524
100.0
300
57.3
222
42.4
78
26.1
224
42.7
2000
........................................................
515
100.0
350
68.0
252
48.9
99
28.1
165
32.0
Men
1980
........................................................
422
57.1
305
72.3
212
50.2
93
30.5
117
27.7
1985
........................................................
321
52.5
261
81.3
163
50.8
98
37.5
60
18.7
1990
........................................................
215
53.1
173
80.2
110
51.2
63
36.2
42
19.8
1994
........................................................
259
50.8
198
76.5
151
58.2
47
23.9
61
23.5
1995
........................................................
339
56.1
251
74.0
179
52.8
72
28.7
88
26.0
1996
........................................................
241
48.6
178
74.0
123
51.0
56
31.1
63
26.0
1997
........................................................
289
57.6
207
71.8
165
57.2
42
20.3
81
28.2
1998
........................................................
257
50.9
164
63.9
133
51.8
31
19.0
93
36.1
1999
........................................................
243
46.4
162
66.8
120
49.5
42
25.8
81
33.2
2000
........................................................
295
57.3
220
74.4
166
56.2
54
24.5
76
25.6
Women
1980
........................................................
317
42.9
166
52.4
110
34.7
56
33.7
151
47.6
1985
........................................................
291
47.5
152
52.2
103
35.4
49
32.2
139
47.8
1990
........................................................
190
46.9
107
56.3
79
41.6
28
26.1
83
43.7
1994
........................................................
251
49.2
113
45.2
68
27.1
45
40.0
137
54.8
1995
........................................................
265
43.9
157
59.5
109
41.1
49
30.9
107
40.5
1996
........................................................
255
51.4
111
43.6
87
34.1
24
21.8
144
56.4
1997
........................................................
213
42.4
95
44.4
60
28.1
35
36.6
119
55.6
1998
........................................................
248
49.1
143
57.8
88
35.4
56
38.7
105
42.2
1999
........................................................
282
53.8
139
49.2
102
36.2
37
26.4
143
50.8
2000
........................................................
220
42.7
131
59.4
86
39.1
45
34.2
90
40.6
White
3
1980
........................................................
580
78.5
392
67.6
286
49.3
106
27.0
188
32.4
1985
........................................................
458
74.8
330
72.1
214
46.7
116
35.2
128
27.9
1990
........................................................
303
74.8
211
69.8
156
51.4
56
26.3
92
30.2
1994
........................................................
382
74.9
252
66.0
177
46.3
75
29.8
130
34.0
1995
........................................................
448
74.2
312
69.8
227
50.8
85
27.2
135
30.2
1996
........................................................
365
73.6
238
65.1
178
48.6
60
25.3
127
34.9
1997
........................................................
386
76.9
250
64.8
199
51.5
51
20.5
136
35.2
1998
........................................................
384
76.0
257
67.0
194
50.6
63
24.5
127
33.0
1999
........................................................
377
71.9
227
60.3
174
46.1
54
23.6
150
39.7
2000
........................................................
384
74.6
280
73.0
210
54.8
70
24.9
104
27.0
Black
3
1980
........................................................
146
19.8
73
50.0
33
22.6
40
(
4)
73
50.0
1985
........................................................
132
21.6
69
52.3
39
29.5
30
(
4)
63
47.7
1990
........................................................
86
21.2
56
65.3
26
29.9
30
(
4)
30
34.7
1994
........................................................
100
19.6
48
47.9
34
34.1
14
(
4)
52
52.1
1995
........................................................
109
18.0
66
61.0
40
36.4
27
(
4)
42
39.0
1996
........................................................
111
22.4
40
35.7
23
20.7
17
(
4)
71
64.3
1997
........................................................
90
17.9
41
45.1
18
20.4
22
(
4)
49
54.9
1998
........................................................
98
19.4
46
47.2
24
24.2
23
(
4)
52
52.8
1999
........................................................
118
22.5
59
50.0
39
33.0
20
(
4)
59
50.0
2000
........................................................
111
21.5
58
51.9
31
27.5
27
(
4)
53
48.1
Hispanic
5
1980
........................................................
91
12.3
60
65.9
43
47.3
17
(
4)
31
34.1
1985
........................................................
106
17.3
73
68.9
40
37.7
33
(
4)
33
31.1
1990
........................................................
67
16.5
32
(
4)
22
(
4)
10
(
4)
35
(
4)
1994
........................................................
108
21.2
51
47.5
31
28.6
20
(
4)
57
52.5
1995
........................................................
174
28.8
119
68.6
84
48.5
35
29.3
55
31.4
1996
........................................................
105
21.2
71
67.7
57
54.5
14
(
4)
34
32.3
1997
........................................................
121
24.1
88
73.1
73
60.4
15
17.4
32
26.9
1998
........................................................
120
23.8
82
68.5
60
50.0
22
27.1
38
31.5
1999
........................................................
119
22.7
85
71.4
75
62.8
10
12.0
34
28.6
2000
........................................................
101
19.6
62
61.1
39
39.0
22
(
4)
39
38.9
1
The
labor
force
includes
all
employed
persons
plus
those
seeking
employment.
The
labor
force
participation
rate
is
the
percentage
of
persons
either
employed
or
seeking
employment.
The
unemployment
rate
is
the
percent
of
persons
in
the
labor
force
who
are
seeking
employment.

2
Persons
16
to
24
years
old
who
dropped
out
of
school
in
the
12­
month
period
ending
in
October
of
years
shown.

3
Includes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin.

4
Data
not
shown
where
base
is
less
than
75,000.

5
Persons
of
Hispanic
origin
may
be
of
any
race.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
upon
sample
surveys
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Includes
dropouts
from
any
grade,
including
a
small
number
from
elementary
and
middle
schools.
Percents
are
only
shown
when
the
base
is
75,000
or
greater.
Even
though
the
standard
errors
are
large,
smaller
estimates
are
shown
to
permit
users
to
combine
categories
in
various
ways.
Detail
for
the
above
race
and
Hispanic­
origin
groups
will
not
sum
to
totals
because
data
for
the
``
other
races''
group
are
not
presented
and
Hispanics
are
included
in
both
the
white
and
black
population
groups.
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
College
Enrollment
of
High
School
Graduates,
various
years.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
454
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
386.
 
Employment
of
12th­
graders,
by
selected
student
characteristics:
1992
Employment
characteristics
Total
Sex
Race/
ethnicity
Socioeconomic
status
1
Location
of
school
attended
Male
Female
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
Low
Middle
low
Middle
high
High
Urban
Suburban
Rural
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Percentage
distribution
Average
hours
worked
per
week
during
senior
year
Total
......................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Did
not
work
during
year
...........................................................
31.8
33.0
30.7
27.6
47.4
38.9
43.3
45.0
38.2
29.8
28.2
32.5
35.6
29.4
31.6
1
to
5
hours
................................................................................
6.8
6.0
7.6
7.0
4.9
6.0
9.5
8.5
5.2
5.5
5.8
10.1
6.7
6.6
7.2
6
to
10
hours
..............................................................................
9.8
8.9
10.7
11.2
6.5
5.3
6.7
5.6
6.7
8.3
10.6
12.6
9.4
9.6
10.6
11
to
15
hours
............................................................................
12.7
11.1
14.4
14.1
7.2
11.3
9.3
6.2
9.5
11.9
13.7
15.0
12.2
13.6
12.1
16
to
20
hours
............................................................................
16.1
15.0
17.2
17.3
11.9
13.3
13.5
12.5
13.4
18.6
18.4
14.0
14.3
18.3
14.9
More
than
20
hours
...................................................................
22.7
26.0
19.5
22.8
22.1
25.2
17.7
22.3
27.1
25.9
23.3
15.8
21.7
22.5
23.7
21
to
25
hours
.......................................................................
9.8
10.2
9.5
10.0
8.8
10.7
8.1
12.0
10.2
10.9
10.8
8.0
9.5
10.6
9.1
26
to
30
hours
.......................................................................
5.6
6.5
4.8
5.5
6.4
6.6
4.4
3.8
6.8
6.4
5.9
3.4
5.3
5.7
5.8
31
to
35
hours
.......................................................................
2.5
3.1
1.9
2.6
2.4
2.4
0.8
5.0
3.6
3.2
2.4
1.3
2.3
2.5
2.7
36
to
40
hours
.......................................................................
3.3
4.2
2.4
3.3
2.9
4.1
3.7
0.9
4.3
4.2
2.7
2.1
3.3
2.4
4.3
More
than
40
hours
...............................................................
1.5
2.0
1.0
1.5
1.7
1.4
0.8
0.7
2.2
1.4
1.6
1.0
1.3
1.4
1.8
Most
recent
type
of
work
for
employed
students
Total
......................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Lawn
work
or
odd
jobs
..............................................................
2.2
4.2
0.3
2.5
0.8
0.9
1.7
5.3
2.3
2.0
2.1
2.5
1.3
2.2
2.9
Food
service
..............................................................................
24.0
22.2
25.7
22.8
34.8
24.8
22.9
24.6
28.0
26.6
25.1
18.6
23.6
23.1
25.4
Delivery
person
..........................................................................
1.6
2.5
0.6
1.5
1.9
1.1
3.2
1.3
0.8
1.7
1.3
2.1
1.5
1.7
1.5
Babysitter
or
child
care
..............................................................
4.3
0.6
7.9
4.8
2.4
2.2
5.0
1.1
3.2
3.9
4.5
5.4
4.9
4.4
3.9
Camp
counselor/
life
guard
.........................................................
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.9
(
2)
0.5
0.6
(
2)
0.2
0.3
0.9
1.3
0.8
0.9
0.5
Farm
worker
...............................................................................
2.2
4.4
0.1
2.7
(
2)
1.1
(
2)
(
2)
3.7
3.3
1.6
1.1
0.2
1.1
5.5
Mechanic
....................................................................................
1.4
2.8
(
2)
1.5
0.7
1.5
1.0
1.4
2.0
1.8
1.5
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.9
Grocery
clerk
or
cashier
............................................................
14.5
12.5
16.4
14.8
15.9
11.6
8.5
25.7
15.5
16.6
14.5
12.3
14.2
13.4
16.4
Beautician
..................................................................................
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
1.1
0.3
(
2)
(
2)
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
House
cleaning
..........................................................................
0.9
0.7
1.1
0.8
0.8
2.0
0.6
(
2)
1.5
0.6
1.2
0.6
0.7
0.6
1.4
Construction
...............................................................................
2.0
4.0
0.1
2.1
1.0
1.9
0.9
2.0
2.6
2.3
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.8
2.7
Office
or
clerical
.........................................................................
6.9
2.9
10.7
6.3
9.2
8.7
12.1
5.8
6.3
6.0
7.2
8.0
9.0
6.8
5.4
Health
services
..........................................................................
1.6
0.9
2.3
1.6
2.1
1.1
1.0
4.5
2.5
2.0
1.4
0.9
1.5
1.6
1.7
Salesperson
...............................................................................
11.8
9.8
13.7
12.0
8.7
11.9
15.0
7.9
7.2
8.8
12.5
15.8
13.4
14.1
7.3
Warehouse
worker
.....................................................................
2.1
3.9
0.4
2.2
1.3
1.7
2.0
2.3
1.7
2.5
1.9
2.1
2.0
2.3
1.9
Other
..........................................................................................
23.5
27.7
19.6
23.5
19.3
28.8
25.4
18.3
22.0
21.4
22.3
27.4
24.4
24.6
21.3
Most
recent
hourly
wage
for
employed
students
Total
......................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Less
than
$
4.25
per
hour
..........................................................
9.9
7.2
12.4
10.3
8.3
8.8
7.9
5.8
12.2
11.4
9.0
8.0
7.9
7.5
14.8
$
4.25
to
$
6.00
per
hour
.............................................................
77.5
75.6
79.2
76.7
80.9
81.1
77.0
79.3
79.0
76.8
80.0
74.8
80.1
77.0
75.8
$
6.01
to
$
8.00
per
hour
.............................................................
7.7
10.3
5.3
8.0
5.8
6.1
10.7
6.7
5.3
8.3
6.8
9.3
7.3
9.2
6.1
$
8.01
or
more
per
hour
..............................................................
5.0
6.9
3.2
5.1
5.0
4.0
4.5
8.3
3.5
3.5
4.1
7.9
4.8
6.3
3.4
1
Socioeconomic
status
was
measured
by
a
composite
score
of
parental
education
and
occupations
and
family
income
The
``
Low''
SES
group
is
the
lowest
quartile.

2
Less
than
0.05
percent.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988,''
Second
Follow­
up
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
1995.)
455
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
387.
 
Full­
time
employment
status
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study:
1976
to
1991
Field
of
study
Percent
employed
full­
time
Percent
employed
full­
time
in
a
job
closely
related
to
field
of
study
Percent
employed
full­
time
in
nonprofessional
job
1
1974
 
75
graduates
in
May
1976
1979
 
80
graduates
in
May
1981
1983
 
84
graduates
in
June
1985
1985
 
86
graduates
in
June
1987
1989
 
90
graduates
in
April
1991
1974
 
75
graduates
in
May
1976
1979
 
80
graduates
in
May
1981
1983
 
84
graduates
in
June
1985
1985
 
86
graduates
in
June
1987
1989
 
90
graduates
in
April
1991
1974
 
75
graduates
in
May
1976
1979
 
80
graduates
in
May
1981
1983
 
84
graduates
in
June
1985
1985
 
86
graduates
in
June
1987
1989
 
90
graduates
in
April
1991
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Total
..................................................
67
71
73
74
74
35
38
38
38
39
10
12
13
14
13
Professional/
technical
fields
................
77
80
82
81
80
51
51
47
47
48
9
10
13
11
11
Arts
and
sciences
fields
......................
56
56
56
62
64
18
17
15
25
26
12
14
15
15
14
Other
....................................................
65
74
75
74
73
36
43
47
36
38
9
19
12
17
13
Newly
qualified
to
teach
...........................
66
75
73
68
74
43
56
54
47
58
7
8
9
9
6
Not
newly
qualified
to
teach
.....................
67
71
73
74
73
33
36
36
37
36
12
13
13
14
14
Professional/
technical
fields
................
80
81
82
82
83
52
49
47
47
48
10
10
13
11
12
Engineering
......................................
79
84
84
83
84
57
55
53
46
50
4
2
3
5
3
Business
and
management
.............
84
83
85
85
83
49
44
41
40
42
15
14
19
17
16
Health
...............................................
75
77
75
76
86
71
66
70
65
83
2
4
2
3
1
Education
2
.......................................
66
67
63
73
67
22
29
24
57
39
12
18
16
9
11
Public
affairs
and
services
...............
 
77
74
72
66
 
46
31
37
49
 
10
15
20
9
Arts
and
sciences
fields
......................
57
56
56
63
64
17
16
15
25
23
13
15
15
15
15
Biological
sciences
...........................
56
45
43
42
50
26
18
17
15
26
6
8
11
11
8
Physical
sciences
and
mathematics
3
..........................................
50
58
51
76
72
19
29
20
48
48
6
2
7
9
7
Psychology
.......................................
61
56
57
66
59
22
17
12
22
22
18
17
16
19
14
Social
sciences
................................
59
61
61
61
68
12
10
13
12
16
15
21
14
17
20
Humanities
.......................................
56
55
59
59
59
12
14
17
19
11
17
18
19
19
21
Other
....................................................
68
75
77
75
73
36
43
42
36
37
10
20
14
21
14
Communications
..............................
 
71
76
77
75
 
31
31
33
29
 
24
16
18
17
Miscellaneous
..................................
66
76
77
74
73
35
46
46
38
38
11
19
13
23
13
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
those
not
working
in
technical,
managerial,
or
administrative
types
of
jobs
who
reported
that
they
did
not
need
a
college
degree
to
obtain
their
job.

2
Includes
those
who
have
not
finished
all
requirements
for
teaching
certification
or
were
previously
qualified
to
teach.

3
Includes
computer
sciences.
NOTE:
Data
are
from
sample
surveys
of
recent
college
graduates.
Notes
on
methodology
are
included
in
the
Guide
to
Sources.
Data
exclude
bachelor's
recipients
from
U.
S.
Service
Schools.
Deceased
graduates
and
graduates
living
at
foreign
addresses
at
the
time
of
the
survey
are
not
included.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Recent
College
Graduates''

surveys
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
1993.)
456
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
388.
 
Employment
status
of
1992
 
93
bachelor's
degree
recipients
4
years
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study
and
occupational
area:
1997
[
Percentage
distribution]

Status
in
April
1997
All
fields
of
study
Professional/
technical
fields
Arts
and
sciences
Other
fields
Business
and
management
Education
Engineering
Health
professions
Public
affairs
and
social
services
Biological
sciences
Mathematics,

computer,
and
physical
sciences
Social
sciences
History
Humanities
Psychology
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
1992
 
93
graduates
..............................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Time
between
high
school
graduation
and
degree
completion
1
4
years
or
less
................................................................
31.1
27.5
28.0
21.4
18.0
24.3
47.7
35.0
45.1
43.2
34.3
36.6
29.9
More
than
4,
up
to
5
years
.............................................
27.6
27.2
30.9
35.2
26.2
28.3
22.7
22.8
24.7
19.3
26.0
26.5
30.3
More
than
5,
up
to
6
years
.............................................
11.2
9.4
10.5
16.2
12.7
11.9
11.7
10.1
10.1
16.8
11.0
7.2
13.3
More
than
6,
up
to
10
years
...........................................
12.7
13.3
12.1
13.4
15.1
14.5
6.8
16.1
12.7
6.5
14.1
9.8
11.7
More
than
10
years
.........................................................
17.4
22.6
18.5
13.8
28.1
21.0
11.1
15.9
7.4
14.3
14.6
20.0
14.7
Enrollment
status
in
April
1997
Enrolled
full­
time
.............................................................
8.5
3.7
5.5
6.6
7.6
4.1
33.9
12.6
10.9
13.8
10.5
18.8
6.3
Enrolled
part­
time
............................................................
9.2
5.7
16.9
11.1
6.5
9.0
8.2
8.3
11.9
9.2
8.3
7.7
8.1
Not
enrolled
.....................................................................
82.4
90.7
77.7
82.3
86.0
86.9
58.0
79.2
77.3
77.1
81.2
73.4
85.8
Employment
status
Employed
........................................................................
89.3
93.2
91.1
94.1
89.1
92.8
67.3
87.6
87.7
84.6
85.3
82.1
91.7
Full
time
......................................................................
81.0
89.2
80.8
91.1
76.6
83.8
56.8
80.4
79.3
76.7
71.0
71.5
82.7
Part
time
.....................................................................
8.3
4.0
10.3
2.9
12.5
9.0
10.5
7.2
8.4
8.0
14.3
10.7
9.0
Unemployed
2
..................................................................
2.7
2.1
2.1
1.2
2.6
2.0
5.2
2.4
3.5
2.9
4.0
4.4
2.3
Not
in
labor
force
3
..........................................................
8.1
4.6
6.8
4.8
8.4
5.3
27.5
10.0
8.8
12.5
10.7
13.5
6.0
Unemployment
experiences
since
graduation
Experienced
any
unemployment
.....................................
39.8
36.2
46.8
39.2
27.9
35.8
39.4
36.3
43.7
44.3
43.6
39.2
43.1
Average
total
number
of
months
unemployed
................
7.3
7.1
6.9
7.5
6.6
6.8
8.6
8.4
7.5
7.5
7.9
9.2
6.8
April
1997
unemployment
rate
4
......................................
2.9
2.2
2.3
1.2
2.8
2.1
7.2
2.7
3.8
3.3
4.4
5.1
2.5
Total
employed
..............................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Occupation
Business
management
....................................................
20.9
39.2
6.6
5.7
16.6
11.5
11.4
11.4
26.5
16.7
16.5
18.1
20.1
Educator
..........................................................................
16.2
2.6
64.6
1.5
3.2
4.8
17.5
16.4
9.4
35.3
17.0
14.2
12.2
Engineering
.....................................................................
5.1
1.7
0.5
49.9
4.1
(
5)
2.6
6.4
1.1
0.5
1.7
0.4
2.2
Health
professions
..........................................................
7.8
1.6
3.3
0.1
62.6
5.5
15.0
3.8
2.9
4.0
3.3
8.0
3.9
Other
profession
6
...........................................................
11.1
4.3
5.5
9.1
2.5
25.3
14.4
10.0
15.1
7.0
22.5
26.4
18.0
Computer
science/
programming
.....................................
5.0
5.3
0.6
11.2
1.4
1.0
3.3
25.2
2.5
2.9
5.4
2.5
3.0
Non­
computer
technician
................................................
0.8
0.3
0.2
1.1
1.1
0.3
6.0
1.9
0.3
2.0
0.3
(
5)
1.4
Administrative/
clerical/
support
.........................................
13.6
19.4
8.1
2.2
3.5
17.5
9.2
11.6
17.6
10.5
16.2
14.5
16.3
Mechanic
operator/
laborer
..............................................
5.6
6.7
2.9
6.0
1.4
5.1
7.5
7.8
7.0
3.1
5.8
4.3
6.9
Sales
...............................................................................
8.1
13.8
3.0
9.6
1.5
3.9
5.3
3.6
8.6
12.3
6.2
7.0
9.5
Service
............................................................................
2.9
2.9
2.7
1.5
0.7
3.7
3.0
0.6
4.2
3.0
3.8
2.0
4.2
Military/
protective
service
................................................
2.4
1.7
1.6
2.0
0.5
20.9
1.7
1.4
3.1
2.6
0.8
1.9
1.9
Job
characteristics
in
April
1997
Definite
career
potential
..................................................
57.3
60.0
51.4
65.0
58.4
47.1
50.1
64.6
58.2
55.8
52.2
50.6
59.0
Job
closely
related
to
bachelor's
degree
........................
56.0
57.6
67.7
61.2
85.0
59.6
49.0
65.6
31.2
34.6
41.0
46.3
50.1
Annual
salaries
7
Less
than
$
10,000
..........................................................
1.6
1.1
2.6
1.1
0.6
0.7
1.2
0.5
2.1
8.3
1.7
2.8
1.5
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.........................................................
3.7
1.9
5.4
0.7
1.4
3.5
7.6
3.8
5.1
4.3
6.4
4.2
4.2
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.........................................................
8.3
5.3
16.0
1.0
3.8
13.6
9.2
4.4
5.0
7.0
10.2
9.9
12.9
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.........................................................
14.2
11.9
26.6
1.8
5.1
17.3
19.0
11.5
14.5
17.6
17.4
19.1
12.7
$
25,000
to
$
34,999
.........................................................
33.2
29.7
39.2
13.2
29.9
38.3
37.1
26.3
34.9
35.4
37.9
40.9
39.7
$
35,000
to
$
49,999
.........................................................
25.8
32.8
6.3
54.9
36.5
20.2
20.7
35.4
23.3
22.6
19.3
19.2
18.0
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.........................................................
10.4
13.1
2.7
24.5
21.1
6.0
4.7
12.2
9.7
4.0
5.5
3.4
7.9
$
75,000
or
more
..............................................................
3.0
4.3
1.1
2.9
1.6
0.3
0.5
6.0
5.4
1.0
1.6
0.4
3.1
Average
annual
salary
8
..................................................
$
34,252
$
37,454
$
26,513
$
44,524
$
39,421
$
30,563
$
29,331
$
38,418
$
35,536
$
28,147
$
30,179
$
28,197
$
32,208
1
Data
from
1994
``
First
Follow­
up''
survey.

2
Percent
not
working,
but
looking
for
work.

3
Percent
not
working.

4
Excluding
those
not
in
the
labor
force.

5
Less
than
0.05
percent.

6
All
other
professional
occupations
excluding
business,
teaching,
engineering,
and
health.

7
Salaries
for
those
employed
full
time
in
April
1997.

8
Respondents
reporting
salaries
less
than
$
1,000
were
excluded,
those
reporting
salaries
greater
than
$
500,000
were
reset
to
$
500,000.
NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study,
First
and
Second
Follow­
up''
surveys.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
457
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
389.
 
Enrollment
status
of
1992
 
93
bachelor's
degree
recipients,
by
undergraduate
major
and
highest
degree
obtained:
April
1997
Undergraduate
major
field
of
study
Ever
enrolled
since
graduation
Enrolled
fulltime
Enrolled
part­
time
Enrolled
and
employed
Enrolled
and
not
employed
1
2
3
4
5
6
Percent
distribution
All
graduates
...........................................................................................................
29.8
8.5
9.2
13.0
4.7
Professional
fields
....................................................................................................
25.8
5.0
9.4
12.0
2.4
Engineering
..........................................................................................................
33.9
6.6
11.1
14.1
3.6
Business
and
management
.................................................................................
16.3
3.7
5.7
7.5
1.9
Health
professions
...............................................................................................
26.6
7.6
6.5
9.9
4.2
Education
.............................................................................................................
38.0
5.5
16.9
20.1
2.3
Public
affairs
and
social
services
........................................................................
26.4
4.1
9.0
12.3
0.8
Arts
and
sciences
fields
...........................................................................................
38.5
15.1
9.3
15.2
9.2
Biological
sciences
..............................................................................................
52.1
33.9
8.2
16.6
25.5
Mathematics
and
other
sciences
.........................................................................
39.2
12.6
8.3
13.1
7.8
Psychology
..........................................................................................................
42.0
18.8
7.7
18.2
8.3
Social
sciences
....................................................................................................
35.9
10.9
11.9
16.7
6.1
History
..................................................................................................................
40.8
13.8
9.2
11.8
11.2
Humanities
...........................................................................................................
31.7
10.5
8.3
13.6
5.2
Other
.........................................................................................................................
24.0
6.3
8.1
11.9
2.5
Highest
degree
attained
by
1997
Bachelor's
degree
................................................................................................
 
7.2
9.3
12.6
3.9
Postbaccalaureate
certificate
..............................................................................
 
11.0
13.9
19.2
5.7
Master's
degree
...................................................................................................
 
13.8
8.0
15.0
6.8
First­
professional
degree
.....................................................................................
 
33.3
0.9
8.7
25.5
Doctoral
degree
...................................................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
are
from
a
sample
survey
of
recent
college
graduates.
Notes
on
methodology
are
included
in
the
Guide
to
Sources.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study,
Second
Follow­
up''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)

Table
390.
 
Average
annual
salary
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
employed
full
time
1
year
after
graduation,
by
field
of
study:
1976
to
1994
Field
of
study
Average
salary
1
of
1974
 
75
degree
recipients
in
February
1976
Average
salary
1
of
1979
 
80
degree
recipients
in
May
1981
Average
salary
1
of
1983
 
84
degree
recipients
in
June
1985
Average
salary
of
1985
 
86
degree
recipients
in
June
1987
Average
salary
of
1989
 
90
degree
recipients
in
June
1991
Average
salary
1
of
1992
 
93
degree
recipients
in
April
1994
Percent
change
in
constant
dollars,
1976
to
1994
Percent
change
in
constant
dollars,
1991
to
1994
Current
dollars
Constant
1994
dollars
Current
dollars
Constant
1994
dollars
Current
dollars
Constant
1994
dollars
Current
dollars
Constant
1994
dollars
Current
dollars
Constant
1994
dollars
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
.................................
$
7,600
$
19,800
$
15,200
$
24,800
$
17,700
$
24,400
$
20,400
$
26,500
$
23,600
$
25,700
$
24,200
22.2
 
5.8
Engineering
..........................
12,200
31,800
22,400
36,500
24,100
33,200
26,600
34,700
30,900
33,600
30,900
 
2.8
 
8.0
Business
and
management
10,200
26,600
16,300
26,600
18,700
25,800
21,100
27,500
24,700
26,900
27,100
1.9
0.7
Health
professions
...............
8,600
22,400
17,300
28,200
20,800
28,600
22,600
29,400
31,500
34,200
31,300
39.7
 
8.5
Education
2
...........................
6,300
16,400
11,500
18,700
13,800
19,000
15,800
20,600
19,100
20,800
19,300
17.7
 
7.2
Public
affairs
and
social
services
............................
 
 
13,700
22,300
15,100
20,800
17,700
23,100
20,800
22,600
22,000
 
 
2.7
Biological
sciences
..............
6,500
16,900
14,500
23,600
15,100
20,800
16,400
21,400
21,100
22,900
22,800
34.9
 
0.4
Mathematics
and
other
sciences
...........................
7,000
18,200
16,300
26,600
17,500
24,100
22,500
29,400
27,200
29,500
25,400
39.6
 
13.9
Psychology
..........................
 
 
12,500
20,400
14,600
20,100
17,300
22,600
19,200
20,800
19,500
 
 
6.3
Social
sciences
....................
6,700
17,500
14,000
22,800
15,800
21,800
20,300
26,500
22,200
24,200
22,100
26.3
 
8.7
History
..................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21,000
 
 
Humanities
...........................
5,800
15,100
12,600
20,500
14,000
19,300
16,200
21,200
19,100
20,700
21,300
41.1
2.9
Communications
3
................
 
 
 
 
16,200
22,300
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Miscellaneous
......................
6,800
17,700
15,100
24,600
18,600
25,600
17,600
23,000
20,800
22,600
21,600
22.0
 
4.4
 
Not
available.

1
Reported
salaries
of
full­
time
workers
under
$
2,600
in
1976,
$
4,200
in
1981,
$
5,000
in
1985,
and
$
1,000
in
1994
were
excluded
from
the
tabulations.
Also,
those
with
salaries
over
$
500,000
in
1994
were
excluded.

2
Most
educators
work
9­
to
10­
month
contracts.

3
In
1994,
data
were
not
collected
on
Communications
as
a
separate
field
of
study.
NOTE:
Data
exclude
bachelor's
recipients
from
U.
S.
Service
Schools
and
graduates
living
at
foreign
addresses
at
the
time
of
the
survey.
Constant
dollar
adjustments
based
on
the
Consumer
Price
Index.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
Recent
College
Graduates''
surveys
and
``
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study,
First
Follow­
up''
survey.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
1997).
458
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
391.
 
Participation
of
young
adults
in
voluntary
or
community
service
activities,
by
selected
characteristics:
1992
to
1994
Young
adult
characteristics
Percent
participating
in
voluntary
or
community
service
activity
Percentage
distribution
of
volunteer
hours
per
week
Any
activity
Sports
teams
or
clubs
Church
activities
Union,
farm,

trade,
or
professional
associations
Educational
organizations
Youth
organizations
Political
clubs
Organized
volunteer
work
1
Other
voluntary
group
None
2
Less
than
2
hours
2
to
4
hours
4
to
6
hours
6
hours
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total
.........................................
37.2
7.2
11.8
1.8
6.0
10.3
3.0
10.4
7.3
62.7
15.2
7.9
5.8
8.3
Sex
Male
..........................................
36.8
9.5
11.1
1.9
4.6
11.2
2.9
8.3
7.3
63.2
14.7
7.7
5.6
8.8
Female
......................................
37.9
4.9
12.7
1.6
7.1
9.4
3.2
12.6
7.3
62.2
15.8
8.2
6.1
7.9
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
..................
38.5
7.5
11.3
2.0
5.8
10.3
3.1
11.6
7.8
61.5
17.1
8.0
5.5
7.9
Black,
non­
Hispanic
..................
35.9
6.3
15.8
1.1
6.4
11.5
3.1
5.8
6.2
64.1
9.6
8.1
7.7
10.6
Hispanic
....................................
31.7
6.3
11.2
0.8
6.5
9.6
2.3
6.7
5.4
68.4
9.8
7.3
6.0
8.5
Asian
.........................................
35.8
5.7
10.5
1.4
7.1
8.1
3.4
13.0
8.4
64.2
14.9
8.7
4.3
8.0
American
Indian
........................
34.1
12.1
14.6
3.6
6.1
11.9
3.8
5.1
3.9
65.9
8.7
6.3
8.1
11.1
Socioeconomic
status
3
Low
...........................................
26.4
5.0
10.4
0.9
4.0
7.4
1.5
5.9
5.0
73.6
8.2
5.8
4.5
7.9
Low­
middle
................................
30.4
6.3
10.8
1.3
3.9
8.3
2.1
7.1
6.3
69.6
11.0
6.0
5.9
7.5
High­
middle
...............................
38.6
7.0
13.0
2.0
5.8
10.9
3.3
9.2
7.5
61.4
16.9
7.9
6.1
7.8
High
...........................................
51.1
9.2
14.7
2.7
9.7
14.2
4.9
18.0
10.3
48.9
24.6
11.4
5.9
9.2
1
E.
g.,
hospital
volunteer.

2
Not
a
volunteer.

3
Socioeconomic
status
was
measured
by
a
composite
score
on
parental
education
and
occupations,
and
family
income
The
``
low''
SES
group
is
the
lowest
quartile.
NOTE:
Sample
survey
in
1994
based
on
people
who
were
high
school
seniors
in
spring
1992.
Respondents
to
the
survey
were
asked
about
their
voluntary
participation
in
selected
organizations
over
the
previous
24­
month
period.

Some
persons
participated
in
more
than
one
organization.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
``
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study,
Third
Follow­
up.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
1995.)
459
OUTCOMES
OF
EDUCATION
Table
392.
 
Literacy
skills
of
adults,
16
years
old
and
over,
by
selected
characteristics:
1992
Selected
characteristics
Prose
literacy
1
Document
literacy
2
Quantitative
literacy
3
Average
score
Percent
of
adults
with
proficiency
at
level
Average
score
Percent
of
adults
with
proficiency
at
level
Average
score
Percent
of
adults
with
proficiency
at
level
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Total
................................................
272
21
27
32
17
3
267
23
28
31
15
3
271
22
25
31
17
4
Sex
Male
....................................................
272
22
26
31
18
4
269
23
27
31
17
3
277
21
23
31
20
5
Female
...............................................
273
20
28
33
17
3
265
23
30
31
14
2
266
23
28
31
15
3
Age
16
to
18
years
old
..............................
271
16
35
38
11
1
274
15
34
38
12
1
268
20
35
33
12
1
19
to
24
years
old
..............................
280
14
29
37
18
2
280
14
29
37
18
2
277
16
28
37
16
2
25
to
39
years
old
..............................
284
15
24
34
22
5
282
16
25
35
21
4
283
17
23
33
21
5
40
to
54
years
old
..............................
286
15
23
34
22
5
278
17
27
33
19
3
286
16
22
33
23
6
55
to
64
years
old
..............................
260
26
31
30
12
1
249
30
34
26
8
1
261
25
30
30
13
2
65
years
old
and
older
.......................
230
44
32
19
5
1
217
53
32
13
2
(
4)
227
45
26
20
7
2
Race/
ethnicity
White
..................................................
286
14
25
36
21
4
280
16
27
34
19
3
287
14
24
35
21
5
Black
...................................................
237
38
37
21
4
(
4)
230
43
36
18
3
(
4)
224
46
34
17
3
(
4)

Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
....................
242
36
25
25
12
2
245
34
25
28
12
2
256
30
23
27
16
4
American
Indian
.................................
254
25
39
28
7
1
254
27
37
29
7
(
4)
250
33
32
28
7
1
Hispanic,
Mexican
..............................
206
54
25
16
5
(
4)
205
54
25
16
4
(
4)
205
54
25
17
4
(
4)

Hispanic,
Cuban
.................................
211
53
24
17
6
1
212
48
30
16
4
2
223
46
20
25
6
3
Hispanic,
Puerto
Rican
......................
218
47
32
17
3
(
4)
215
49
29
18
3
(
4)
212
51
28
17
3
1
Hispanic,
Central/
South
American
.....
207
56
22
17
4
(
4)
206
53
25
16
4
(
4)
203
53
25
18
4
(
4)

Hispanic,
other
...................................
260
25
27
33
13
2
254
28
26
32
12
2
246
31
25
31
11
1
Highest
level
of
education
Still
in
high
school
..............................
271
16
36
37
11
(
4)
274
15
35
38
12
1
269
19
35
32
12
1
0
to
8
years,
not
enrolled
...................
177
75
20
4
(
4)
(
4)
170
79
18
3
(
4)
(
4)
169
76
18
5
1
(
4)

9
to
12
years,
not
enrolled
.................
231
42
38
17
2
(
4)
227
46
37
15
2
(
4)
227
45
34
17
3
(
4)

GED
....................................................
268
14
39
39
7
(
4)
264
17
42
34
7
(
4)
268
16
38
35
10
1
High
school
diploma
...........................
270
16
36
37
10
1
264
20
38
33
9
1
270
18
33
37
12
1
Some
college
.....................................
294
8
23
45
22
3
290
9
27
42
20
2
295
8
23
42
23
4
Associate
degree
...............................
308
4
19
41
32
4
299
6
23
43
25
3
307
4
19
43
29
5
Bachelor's
degree
..............................
322
4
11
35
40
10
314
4
15
37
36
8
322
4
12
35
38
12
Graduate
studies/
degree
....................
336
2
7
28
47
16
326
3
10
34
41
12
334
2
9
30
42
17
Region
Northeast
............................................
270
22
28
31
16
3
264
24
29
30
14
2
267
24
25
31
16
4
Midwest
..............................................
279
16
28
35
18
3
274
19
30
33
16
2
280
17
26
34
19
4
South
..................................................
267
23
28
30
15
3
262
26
29
29
14
2
265
25
27
29
15
4
West
...................................................
276
20
23
33
21
4
271
22
24
32
18
3
276
20
22
32
20
5
Prison
population
....................................
246
31
37
26
6
(
4)
240
33
38
25
4
(
4)
236
40
32
22
6
1
1
Prose
literacy
is
the
ability
to
understand
and
use
information
contained
in
various
kinds
of
textual
material.
A
level
1
task
rated
0
to
225
requires
the
reader
to
locate
a
single
piece
of
information
in
a
short
text.
A
level
2
task
rated
226
to
275
requires
the
reader
to
locate
a
single
piece
of
information
in
the
text
with
several
distractors
or
to
make
low­
level
inferences.
A
level
3
task
rated
276
to
325
requires
the
reader
to
make
literal
or
synonymous
matches
between
the
text
and
information
given
in
the
task,
or
to
make
low­
level
inferences.
A
level
4
task
rated
326
to
375
requires
the
reader
to
perform
multiple­
feature
matches
and
to
integrate
or
synthesize
information
from
complex
passages
A
level
5
task
rated
376
to
500
requires
the
reader
to
search
for
information
in
dense
text
which
contains
a
number
of
distractors.

2
Document
literacy
reflects
the
knowledge
and
skills
used
to
process
information
from
documents.
A
level
1
task
rated
0
to
225
requires
the
reader
to
locate
pieces
of
information
based
on
a
literal
match.
A
level
2
task
rated
226
to
275
requires
the
reader
to
match
a
single
piece
of
information
among
several
distractors.
A
level
3
task
rated
276
to
325
requires
the
reader
to
integrate
multiple
pieces
of
information
from
one
or
more
documents.
A
level
4
task
rated
326
to
375
requires
the
performance
of
multiple­
feature
matches,
cycling
through
documents,
and
integrating
information
A
level
5
task
rated
376
to
500
requires
the
reader
to
search
through
complex
displays
that
contain
multiple
distractors,
to
make
high­
level
text­
based
inferences.

3
Quantitative
literacy
is
the
ability
to
perform
numerical
operations
in
everyday
life.
A
level
1
task
rated
0
to
225
requires
the
reader
to
perform
a
single,
relatively
simple,
arithmetic
operation.
A
level
2
task
rated
226
to
275
requires
the
reader
to
perform
a
single
operation
using
numbers
that
are
either
stated
in
the
task
or
easily
located
in
the
material
A
level
3
task
rated
276
to
325
requires
the
reader
to
use
two
or
more
numbers
to
solve
the
problem.
A
level
4
task
rated
326
to
375
requires
the
reader
to
perform
two
or
more
sequential
operations
or
a
single
operation
in
which
the
quantities
are
found
in
different
types
of
displays.
A
level
5
task
rated
376
to
500
requires
the
reader
to
perform
multiple
operations
sequentially.
They
must
extract
the
features
of
the
problem
from
text
or
rely
on
background
knowledge
to
determine
the
quantities
or
operations
needed.

4
Less
than
.5
percent.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Adult
Literacy
Survey,

Adult
Literacy
in
America,
1992,
prepared
by
Educational
Testing
Service.
(
This
table
was
prepared
February
1994.)
461
CHAPTER
6
International
Comparisons
of
Education
This
chapter
offers
a
broad
perspective
on
education
across
the
nations
of
the
world.
It
also
provides
an
international
context
for
examining
the
condition
of
education
in
the
United
States.
Insights
into
the
educational
practices
and
outcomes
of
the
United
States
are
obtained
by
comparing
them
with
those
of
other
countries.
The
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
carries
out
a
variety
of
these
activities
to
provide
statistical
data
for
international
comparisons
of
education.
In
the
early
1990s,
the
NCES
expanded
its
role
in
collecting
international
data
by
serving
as
the
national
research
center
for
the
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA)
Reading
Literacy
Study.
In
addition,
NCES
has
provided
funding
for
international
research
studies
comparing
mathematics
and
science
education,
including
the
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
(
TIMSS).
NCES
is
also
cooperating
with
international
agencies
in
the
compilation
of
statistics
and
the
development
of
education
indicators.
Some
of
the
data
in
this
chapter
were
drawn
from
materials
prepared
by
the
United
Nations
Educational
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization
(
UNESCO),
the
Institute
of
International
Education,
the
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
(
OECD),
and
the
International
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
IAEP).
The
basic
summary
data
on
enrollments,
teachers,
enrollment
ratios,
and
finances
were
synthesized
from
information
appearing
in
Education
at
a
Glance
published
by
OECD.
Even
though
OECD
tabulations
are
very
carefully
prepared,
international
data
users
should
be
cautioned
about
the
many
problems
of
definition
and
reporting
involved
in
the
collection
of
data
about
the
educational
systems
in
the
world.
This
chapter
provides
information
from
TIMSS
and
TIMSS
 
R,
carried
out
by
the
IEA.
Data
in
1995
were
collected
for
the
two
adjacent
grades
containing
the
most
9­
year­
olds
(
Population
1)
and
the
two
adjacent
grades
containing
the
most
13­
year­
olds
(
Population
2).
Data
are
reported
for
the
higher
grade
for
each
population,
which
was
4th­
grade
in
most
nations
for
Population
1
and
8th­
grade
in
most
nations
for
Population
2.
The
mathematics
and
science
performance
of
4th­
grade
students
in
26
countries,
and
8th­
grade
students
in
41
countries,
was
studied
through
assessments
administered
during
1994
 
95.
The
mathematics
and
science
performance
of
students
at
the
end
of
secondary
schooling
(
12th­
grade
in
the
United
States)
was
also
assessed
at
the
same
time
in
21
countries.
The
1999
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
 
Repeat
(
TIMSS
 
R)
is
a
successor
to
the
1995
TIMSS
and
focuses
on
the
mathematics
and
science
achievement
of
8th­
grade
students
in
participating
nations.
It
provides
a
second
data
point
in
a
regular
cycle
of
international
assessments
of
mathematics
and
science
that
are
planned
to
chart
trends
in
achievement
over
time.
The
role
that
the
United
States
plays
in
the
world
of
higher
education
is
illuminated
by
data
on
foreign
students
enrolled
in
U.
S.
institutions
of
higher
education
The
Institute
of
International
Education
provides
estimates
of
the
number
of
foreign
students
and
their
countries
of
origin.
Further
information
on
survey
methodologies
is
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
appendix
and
in
the
publications
cited
in
the
source
notes.

Population
The
percent
of
young
people
in
a
population
can
influence
the
proportion
of
national
income
spent
per
student.
Countries
with
a
greater
proportion
of
young
people
set
aside
larger
proportions
of
domestic
product
for
their
education
to
have
the
same
expenditure
per
student
as
a
country
with
a
lower
proportion
of
young
people.
Among
the
OECD
countries,
Turkey
had
the
largest
percentage
of
young
people
ages
5
to
14
 
at
21
percent
in
1999.
The
closest
followers
were
Iceland
(
16),
New
Zealand
(
15),
the
United
States
(
15),
and
Ireland
(
15).
Countries
with
relatively
small
numbers
of
persons
in
this
age
group
included
Spain,
Italy,
and
Japan
at
10
percent
(
table
393).

Enrollments
In
1997,
1.2
billion
students
were
enrolled
in
schools
around
the
world.
Of
these
students,
668
million
were
in
elementary­
level
programs,
398
million
were
in
secondary
programs,
and
88
million
were
in
higher
education
programs
(
table
392).
Between
1990
and
1997,
enrollment
changes
varied
from
region
to
region.
Elementary
enrollment
changes
ranged
from
increases
of
24
percent
in
Afri­
462
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
ca
and
12
percent
in
Central
and
South
America
to
a
5
percent
decrease
in
Europe.
Enrollment
increases
at
the
secondary
level
outpaced
increases
at
the
primary
(
elementary)
level,
especially
in
Africa
(
38
percent),
Oceania
(
68
percent),
Asia
(
31
percent
and
Central
and
South
America
(
31
percent).
Secondary­
level
enrollment
increased
in
Europe
by
10
percent.
Enrollment
in
Northern
America
(
defined
in
Unesco
tabulations
as
including
United
States,
Canada,
and
Greenland)
rose
by
15
percent
(
table
395).
At
the
postsecondary
level,
developing
areas
of
the
world
had
substantial
increases
in
enrollment
between
1990
and
1997.
Postsecondary
enrollment
rose
by
68
percent
in
Africa
and
by
49
percent
in
Asia.
Postsecondary
enrollment
in
Oceania
increased
by
99
percent,
Central
and
South
America
increased
by
30
percent,
followed
by
Europe
at
15
percent
and
Northern
America
at
3
percent.
These
increases
are
due
to
growth
both
in
the
proportion
of
the
people
attending
postsecondary
institutions
and
increases
in
the
populations
(
tables
395
and
396).
Postsecondary
enrollment
varied
among
countries
partially
due
to
differing
definitions
of
postsecondary
education
and
at
what
age
it
begins.
In
1999,
among
the
OECD
countries,
Greece
reported
the
highest
proportion
of
18­
to
21­
year­
olds
enrolled
in
postsecondary
education
at
54
percent,
followed
by
Korea
(
51
percent),
Belgium
(
42
percent),
the
United
States
(
36
percent),
and
France
(
35
percent).
In
the
22
to
25
age
group,
Finland's
enrollment
rate
was
highest
at
35
percent,
with
Norway
following
at
28
percent,
Denmark
at
27
percent,
Korea
at
26
percent,
and
Sweden
at
25
percent
(
table
394).
In
1999
 
2000,
there
were
about
515,000
foreign
students
studying
at
U.
S.
colleges
and
universities.
Approximately
54
percent
of
these
students
were
from
Asian
countries
(
table
416).
Between
1990
and
1999,
the
proportion
of
students
at
U.
S.
colleges
who
were
nonresident
aliens,
rose
from
2.8
to
3.5
percent
(
table
208).

Achievement
The
1995
TIMSS
assessed
the
mathematics
and
science
performance
of
U.
S.
students
in
comparison
to
their
peers
in
other
nations
at
three
different
grade
levels.
The
1995
TIMSS
assessments
revealed
that
U.
S.
4th­
graders
performed
well
in
both
mathematics
and
science
in
comparison
to
students
in
other
nations
and
U.
S.
12th­
graders
scored
below
the
international
average
and
among
the
lowest
of
the
TIMSS
nations
in
mathematics
and
science
general
knowledge
(
tables
405,
406,
407,
and
408).
In
1999,
U.
S.
8th­
graders
exceeded
the
international
average
of
38
nations
in
mathematics
and
science.
In
mathematics,
U.
S.
8th­
grade
students
outperformed
their
peers
in
17
nations,
performed
similarly
to
their
peers
in
6
nations,
and
performed
lower
than
their
peers
in
14
nations
in
1999
(
table
399).
In
science,
U.
S.
8th­
grade
students
outperformed
their
peers
in
18
nations,
performed
similarly
to
their
peers
in
5
nations,
and
performed
lower
than
their
peers
in
14
nations
in
1999
(
table
401).

Degrees
Ratios
of
bachelor's
degrees
conferred
per
hundred
persons
at
the
typical
year
of
graduation
in
1999
ranged
from
10
in
Turkey
and
11
in
the
Czech
Republic
and
Mexico
to
37
in
the
United
Kingdom
and
New
Zealand.
The
ratio
for
the
United
States
was
33.
In
1996,
women
had
higher
bachelor's
degree
ratios
than
men
in
14
out
of
19
countries
reporting
data
(
table
411).
The
percentage
of
undergraduate
degrees
awarded
in
science
fields
(
including
natural
sciences,
mathematics
and
computer
science,
and
engineering)
reported
by
OECD
countries
ranged
from
13
to
37
percent
for
1999.
Korea,
Germany,
and
Finland
were
over
30
percent,
while
Canada,
Australia,
Japan,
New
Zealand,
the
United
States,
Hungary,
Poland,
the
Netherlands,
Iceland,
and
Norway
were
20
percent
or
less
(
table
412).
The
proportion
of
graduate
degrees
awarded
in
science
fields
also
ranged
widely
across
countries
in
1999.
Among
the
countries
with
the
highest
proportions
were
Korea
(
48
percent),
and
Japan,
Switzerland,
and
Sweden
with
42
percent.
Among
the
countries
with
the
lowest
proportions
were
Poland
(
3
percent),
Italy
(
13
percent),
Hungary
(
14
percent)
and
the
United
States
(
14
percent)
(
table
413).

Finances
In
general,
higher
income
countries
spend
more
public
funds
per
student
than
lower
income
countries.
At
the
primary
level
of
education,
Denmark,
Switzerland
Austria,
and
the
United
States
ranked
at
the
upper
end
of
public
per
pupil
expenditures
in
1998.
For
primary
education
per
student,
Denmark
spent
about
$
6,713
per
student,
Switzerland
spent
$
6,470,
Austria
spent
$
6,065,
and
the
United
States
spent
$
6,043
per
student.
At
the
secondary
level,
Switzerland
Austria,
the
United
States,
Norway,
and
Denmark
had
expenditures
over
$
7,000
per
student.
The
governments
of
the
United
States,
Switzerland,
Canada
and
Sweden
spent
relatively
large
amounts
per
student
in
higher
education.
The
United
States
spent
$
19,802,
Switzerland
spent
$
16,563,
Canada
spent
$
14,579,
and
Sweden
spent
$
13,224
(
table
414).
These
expenditures
were
adjusted
to
U.
S.
dollars
using
the
purchasing­
power­
parity
(
PPP)
Index.
This
index
is
considered
more
stable
and
comparable
than
using
currency
exchange
rates.
463
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
A
comparison
of
public
expenditures
on
education
as
a
percent
of
gross
domestic
product
(
GDP)
in
OECD
countries
shows
that
national
investment
in
education
in
1998
ranged
from
3.0
percent
of
GDP
in
Turkey
to
5.1
percent
in
the
United
States
to
8.3
percent
in
Denmark
(
table
415).

28.5
67.5
49.5
15.2
30.0
2.6
17.0
27.5
18.1
3.1
17.0
11.4
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Percent
change
Figure
28.
 
Percent
change
in
enrollment,
by
area
of
the
world
and
level
of
education:
1990
to
1997
Central
and
South
America
North
America
Europe
Asia
Africa
World
SOURCE:
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization,
Paris,
Statistical
Yearbook,
various
years.
Elementary
and
secondary
education
Postsecondary
education
Area
of
the
world
464
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
NOTE:
Includes
all
government
expenditures
for
education
institutions
.

NOTE:
Includes
graduates
of
any
age.
27.0
29.3
33.9
24.9
16.0
26.0
16.0
29.0
33.9
27.2
20.5
36.8
33.2
Australia
Canada
Finland
France
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Norway
Sweden
Switzerland
United
Kingdom
United
States
Country
0
10
20
30
40
Percentage
of
population
Figure
30.
 
Bachelor's
degree
recipients
as
a
percentage
of
the
population
of
the
theoretical
age
of
graduation:
Selected
countries,
1999
4.8
5.0
5.7
6.0
4.6
4.5
4.9
3.5
4.2
7.2
7.7
5.7
4.5
8.0
5.5
4.9
5.1
Australia
Belgium
Canada
France
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Mexico
New
Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United
Kingdom
United
States
Country
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Percentage
of
GDP
Figure
29.
 
Public
direct
expenditures
for
education
as
a
percentage
of
the
gross
domestic
product:
Selected
countries,
1998
SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance,
2001.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
unpublished
data.
465
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Fourth
grade
(
in
most
nations)
End
of
secondary
education
Average
scores
not
significantly
different
from
the
United
States
Average
scores
significantly
lower
than
the
United
States
Singapore
Korea
Japan
Hong
Kong
(
Netherlands)
Czech
Republic
(
Austria)

(
Slovenia)
Ireland
(
Hungary)
(
Australia)

(
Latvia)
Scotland
England
Cyprus
Norway
New
Zealand
Greece
(
Thailand)
(
Netherlands)
Sweden
(
Denmark)
Switzerland
(
Iceland)
(
Norway)
(
France)
New
Zealand
(
Australia)
(
Canada)
(
Austria)
(
Slovenia)
(
Germany)
Hungary
(
Italy)
(
Russian
Federation)
(
Lithuania)
Czech
Republic
(
Cyprus)
(
South
Africa)

Fourth
grade
(
in
most
nations)
End
of
secondary
education
Average
scores
significantly
higher
than
the
United
States
Korea
Japan
(
Austria)
(
Australia)
(
Netherlands)
Czech
Republic
England
Canada
Singapore
(
Slovenia)
Ireland
Scotland
Hong
Kong
(
Hungary)
New
Zealand
Norway
(
Latvia)
(
Israel)
Iceland
Greece
Portugal
Cyprus
(
Thailand)
Iran,
Islamic
Republic
(
Kuwait)
Sweden
(
Canada)
(
Austria)
(
Netherlands)
New
Zealand
(
Slovenia)
(
Iceland)
(
Australia)
(
Denmark)
(
Norway)
Switzerland
(
Germany)
(
France)
Czech
Republic
(
Russian
Federation)

(
Cyprus)
(
South
Africa)
Canada
(
Israel)

(
Italy)
Hungary
(
Lithuania)
Portugal
Iceland
Iran,
Islamic
Republic
(
Kuwait)
Figure
31.
 
Average
mathematics
performance
of
other
countries
compared
with
the
United
States:
1995
Figure
32.
 
Average
science
performance
of
other
countries
compared
with
the
United
States:
1995
Average
scores
significantly
higher
than
the
United
States
Average
scores
not
significantly
different
from
the
United
States
Average
scores
significantly
lower
than
the
United
States
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Pursuing
Excellence:
A
Study
of
U.
S.
Fourth­
Grade
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
International
Context,
1997
and
Pursuing
Excellence:
A
Study
of
U.
S.
Twelfth­
Grade
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
International
Context,
1998
.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Pursuing
Excellence:
A
Study
of
U.
S.
Fourth­
Grade
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
International
Context,
1997
and
Pursuing
Excellence:
A
Study
of
U.
S.
Twelfth­
Grade
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
International
Context,
1998
.

Average
scores
significantly
higher
than
the
United
States
Average
scores
significantly
higher
than
the
United
States
Average
scores
not
significantly
different
from
the
United
States
Average
scores
not
significantly
different
from
the
United
States
Average
scores
significantly
lower
than
the
United
States
Average
scores
significantly
lower
than
the
United
States
NOTE:
Nations
not
meeting
international
guidelines
are
shown
in
parentheses.
NOTE:
Nations
not
meeting
international
guidelines
are
shown
in
parentheses.
466
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
393.
 
School­
age
populations
as
a
percent
of
total
population:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
Country
5­
to
14­
year­
olds
as
a
percent
of
total
population
15­
to
19­
year­
olds
as
a
percent
of
total
population
1985
1
1990
1
1995
1
1996
1998
1999
1985
2
1990
2
1995
2
1996
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Australia
............................
14.5
13.1
12.9
14.0
14.0
14.0
6.6
6.4
5.6
7.0
7.0
7.0
Belgium
.............................
11.4
10.9
10.7
12.0
12.0
12.0
5.8
5.1
4.9
6.0
6.0
6.0
Canada
..............................
12.8
12.4
12.2
13.0
14.0
14.0
6.1
5.5
5.4
7.0
7.0
7.0
Czech
Republic
.................
 
 
11.6
13.0
13.0
12.0
 
 
6.5
8.0
8.0
7.0
Denmark
............................
12.0
10.1
9.7
11.0
11.0
12.0
5.8
5.7
4.7
6.0
6.0
5.0
Finland
..............................
11.5
11.8
11.4
13.0
13.0
13.0
5.6
4.9
5.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
France
...............................
12.8
12.1
12.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
6.2
5.8
5.3
7.0
7.0
7.0
Germany
3
.........................
9.1
8.7
10.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
6.1
4.1
4.3
5.0
6.0
6.0
Greece
..............................
 
 
10.7
12.0
11.0
11.0
 
5.5
5.8
7.0
7.0
7.0
Iceland
...............................
15.7
15.0
14.3
16.0
16.0
16.0
6.7
6.8
6.4
8.0
8.0
8.0
Ireland
...............................
17.9
17.5
15.2
17.0
16.0
15.0
7.7
8.0
7.8
9.0
9.0
9.0
Italy
....................................
12.7
10.3
9.1
10.0
10.0
10.0
6.5
6.0
4.8
6.0
6.0
5.0
Japan
................................
14.0
11.8
10.2
11.0
11.0
10.0
6.2
6.5
5.4
7.0
6.0
6.0
Korea
.................................
 
 
14.5
15.0
14.0
14.0
 
 
7.1
9.0
9.0
8.0
Luxembourg
......................
10.2
10.1
10.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
5.5
4.4
4.4
5.0
6.0
6.0
Netherlands
.......................
12.0
10.7
10.8
12.0
12.0
12.0
6.8
5.4
4.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
New
Zealand
.....................
15.3
13.5
13.5
15.0
15.0
15.0
7.5
6.7
5.7
7.0
7.0
7.0
Norway
..............................
12.5
11.0
11.2
13.0
13.0
13.0
6.4
5.8
4.9
6.0
6.0
6.0
Portugal
.............................
15.3
14.3
10.9
12.0
12.0
11.0
6.9
6.8
6.1
8.0
7.0
7.0
Russian
Federation
...........
 
 
14.3
16.0
 
14.0
 
 
5.8
7.0
 
8.0
Spain
.................................
15.0
12.9
10.2
11.0
11.0
10.0
6.8
6.8
6.2
8.0
7.0
7.0
Sweden
.............................
11.3
10.2
10.8
12.0
13.0
13.0
5.4
5.2
4.6
6.0
6.0
6.0
Switzerland
........................
10.6
10.1
10.4
12.0
12.0
12.0
5.8
4.8
4.5
6.0
6.0
6.0
Turkey
...............................
20.6
20.6
19.7
20.0
21.0
21.0
8.7
8.9
8.8
11.0
11.0
11.0
United
Kingdom
................
11.4
11.1
11.6
13.0
13.0
13.0
6.3
5.2
4.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
United
States
....................
12.6
12.8
13.0
15.0
14.0
15.0
6.2
5.4
5.5
7.0
7.0
7.0
 
Not
available.

1
Data
are
for
the
5­
to
13­
year­
old
population.

2
Data
are
for
the
14­
to
17­
year­
old
population.
3
Data
for
1985
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance,
various
years;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)

Table
394.
 
Percent
of
population
enrolled
in
secondary
and
postsecondary
institutions,
by
age
group:
Selected
countries,
1985,
1990,
and
1999
Country
Secondary
schools,
16
years
old
1
Secondary
schools,
17
years
old
1
Postsecondary
institutions
1999
1999
18
to
21
years
old
22
to
25
years
old
26
to
29
years
old
1985
1990
1999
1985
1990
1999
1985
1990
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Australia
...............................
92.0
78.2
 
 
30.7
 
 
15.0
 
 
8.0
Austria
..................................
91.9
75.9
 
 
15.1
 
 
20.3
 
 
11.8
Belgium
2
..............................
95.0
92.7
24.5
 
41.7
7.2
 
14.7
1.5
 
3.0
Canada
................................
93.4
75.1
 
 
27.3
 
 
17.9
 
 
6.7
Czech
Republic
...................
99.8
83.3
 
 
17.1
 
 
11.5
 
 
4.2
Denmark
..............................
92.8
81.6
7.4
7.4
8.3
16.3
17.9
26.6
8.2
9.3
14.8
Finland
.................................
93.6
95.8
9.3
13.6
22.8
17.3
20.7
35.1
7.9
10.2
18.3
France
..................................
95.3
88.8
19.3
24.6
35.4
10.0
11.8
20.5
4.3
3.9
5.1
Germany
3
............................
96.7
91.7
8.8
8.5
11.1
 
15.9
18.7
8.9
10.3
10.8
Greece
.................................
92.3
65.5
 
 
54.1
 
 
7.2
 
 
2.2
Hungary
...............................
92.8
87.0
 
 
19.7
 
 
13.7
 
 
5.2
Iceland
.................................
89.7
76.7
 
 
7.3
 
 
21.3
 
 
9.2
Ireland
..................................
91.5
72.0
 
20.5
32.7
 
 
11.5
 
 
2.9
Italy
......................................
78.7
73.3
 
 
22.1
 
 
20.5
 
 
7.0
Japan
...................................
95.1
93.6
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Korea,
Republic
of
...............
97.7
92.9
 
 
51.4
 
 
26.2
 
 
5.8
Mexico
.................................
43.0
32.0
 
 
12.4
 
 
7.6
 
 
1.0
Netherlands
.........................
107.3
91.0
14.4
17.9
26.3
11.9
13.4
19.9
5.7
4.7
4.9
New
Zealand
.......................
89.4
71.3
 
20.7
29.2
 
14.8
14.4
 
 
7.6
Norway
.................................
94.2
92.7
8.6
13.5
19.2
13.9
17.4
28.0
6.2
7.5
11.7
Poland
..................................
89.7
88.9
 
 
21.2
 
 
20.5
 
 
5.3
Portugal
...............................
82.7
80.3
5.9
 
24.7
5.4
 
17.5
2.3
 
6.5
Spain
....................................
85.4
74.7
15.0
21.3
32.1
10.7
13.5
23.5
4.0
4.5
7.7
Sweden
................................
96.8
96.6
7.8
8.7
15.7
11.3
11.4
24.6
6.5
6.1
12.5
Switzerland
..........................
90.5
84.1
5.7
6.4
9.7
10.6
12.1
17.1
5.2
6.4
9.1
Turkey
..................................
37.2
21.9
 
7.3
13.6
 
4.3
9.0
 
2.2
4.5
United
Kingdom
...................
84.5
71.1
15.0
16.1
29.3
7.4
10.6
12.0
 
 
6.4
United
States
4
.....................
88.5
81.0
33.2
35.6
35.9
14.6
17.3
18.5
8.2
8.6
10.9
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
full­
time
and
part­
time
enrollment.

2
Data
for
Flemish
Belgium
only.

3
Data
for
1985
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.

4
Postsecondary
includes
higher
education
only.
NOTE:
Some
increases
in
enrollment
rates
may
be
due
to
more
complete
reporting
by
countries.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance,
various
years;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
467
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
395.
 
Estimated
population,
school
enrollment,
and
teachers
in
major
areas
of
the
world:
1980
to
1997
Item
World
total
1
Major
areas
of
the
world
Africa
2
Asia
3
Europe
4
Central
and
South
America
5
Northern
America
5
Oceania
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1980
Population,
all
ages,
7
in
thousands
....................................................................
4,447,090
475,714
2,641,312
693,075
359,307
255,109
22,573
Enrollment,
all
levels,
in
thousands
....................................................................
856,971
78,036
495,155
131,633
87,291
60,041
4,815
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
541,556
62,134
336,174
52,471
65,414
22,611
2,752
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
264,379
14,360
144,755
62,734
16,969
23,913
1,647
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
51,037
1,542
14,227
16,428
4,908
13,516
416
Teachers,
all
levels,
in
thousands
......................................................................
38,285
2,338
19,641
8,225
3,730
4,079
272
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
19,044
1,661
10,874
2,541
2,260
1,580
129
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
15,398
584
7,554
4,387
1,083
1,679
112
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
3,843
94
1,213
1,297
387
820
31
Public
expenditures
on
education,
in
millions
of
U.
S.
dollars
............................
$
516,400
$
22,900
$
93,800
$
200,600
$
33,500
$
155,100
$
10,400
As
a
percent
of
gross
national
product
...............................................................
4.8
5.3
4.0
11
5.1
3.8
5.2
5.6
1990
Population,
all
ages,
7
in
thousands
....................................................................
5,281,986
629,389
3,184,342
722,109
437,822
282,020
26,304
Enrollment,
all
levels,
in
thousands
....................................................................
980,474
107,871
569,179
131,255
104,968
62,007
5,194
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
596,853
80,640
364,213
48,968
75,505
24,810
2,717
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
315,008
24,378
181,652
63,366
22,194
21,569
1,849
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
68,613
2,853
23,314
18,922
7,269
15,628
628
Teachers,
all
levels,
in
thousands
......................................................................
47,105
3,791
24,455
9,398
5,131
4,000
330
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
22,626
2,390
12,692
2,812
3,006
1,582
143
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
19,380
1,241
9,947
5,076
1,520
1,449
146
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
5,100
160
1,816
1,509
605
969
41
Public
expenditures
on
education,
in
millions
of
U.
S.
dollars
............................
$
986,500
$
25,700
$
199,800
$
367,500
$
44,600
$
330,300
$
18,600
As
a
percent
of
gross
national
product
...............................................................
4.8
5.6
3.7
11
5.1
4.1
5.4
5.6
1995
Population,
all
ages,
7
in
thousands
....................................................................
5,686,775
719,497
3,437,791
728,034
476,641
296,644
28,168
Enrollment,
all
levels,
in
thousands
....................................................................
1,105,367
130,308
646,855
137,836
116,672
66,511
7,186
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
650,876
95,667
395,725
47,367
82,490
26,500
3,127
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
373,200
30,698
220,333
69,453
25,841
23,984
2,891
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
81,291
3,944
30,796
21,016
8,342
16,026
1,167
Teachers,
all
levels,
in
thousands
......................................................................
52,081
4,474
26,977
10,104
5,816
4,269
439
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
24,340
2,802
13,515
2,848
3,366
1,649
161
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
21,759
1,468
11,283
5,561
1,703
1,528
217
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
5,981
205
2,180
1,696
747
1,092
61
1996
Population,
all
ages,
7
in
thousands
....................................................................
5,767,443
738,740
3,488,028
728,561
484,309
299,250
28,555
Enrollment,
all
levels,
in
thousands
....................................................................
1,130,667
134,843
663,394
137,522
120,429
67,122
7,357
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
659,106
98,356
400,405
46,866
83,596
26,736
3,147
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
386,386
32,127
229,981
69,103
27,815
24,355
3,005
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
85,175
4,360
33,008
21,554
9,018
16,031
1,204
Teachers,
all
levels,
in
thousands
......................................................................
53,081
4,642
27,596
10,107
5,983
4,305
447
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
24,622
2,881
13,630
2,842
3,446
1,661
162
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
22,375
1,538
11,719
5,556
1,785
1,552
224
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
6,084
223
2,247
1,709
752
1,093
61
1997
Population,
all
ages,
7
in
thousands
....................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Enrollment,
all
levels,
in
thousands
....................................................................
1,154,721
138,714
679,366
137,645
123,778
67,689
7,528
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
668,450
100,226
406,661
46,304
85,177
26,906
3,176
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
398,116
33,708
237,861
69,547
29,153
24,746
3,101
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
88,156
4,780
34,844
21,794
9,448
16,038
1,251
Teachers,
all
levels,
in
thousands
......................................................................
54,120
4,754
28,288
10,141
6,138
4,342
456
First
(
primary)
level
8
......................................................................................
24,818
2,927
13,763
2,814
3,474
1,674
165
Second
level
9
.................................................................................................
23,017
1,585
12,185
5,568
1,874
1,577
228
Third
level
10
...................................................................................................
6,284
242
2,339
1,759
789
1,092
62
 
Not
available.
1
Enrollment
and
teacher
data
exclude
the
Democratic
People's
Republic
of
Korea.
2
Excludes
Rodrigues
and
other
small
islands.
3
Includes
5
countries
of
the
former
U.
S.
S.
R.,
the
Democratic
People's
Republic
of
Korea,
Arab
states,
and
both
the
Asian
and
the
European
portions
of
Turkey.
4
Includes
all
countries
of
the
former
U.
S.
S.
R.
except
Kazakhstan,
Uzbekistan,
Kyrgyzstan,
Takjikistan,
and
Turkmenistan.
5
Northern
America
includes
Bermuda,
Canada,
Greenland,
St.
Pierre
and
Miquelon,
and
the
United
States
of
America.
Hawaii
is
included
in
Northern
America
rather
than
Oceania.
Central
and
South
America
includes
Latin
America
and
the
Caribbean.
6
Includes
American
Samoa,
Australia,
Cook
Islands,
Fiji,
French
Polynesia,
Guam,
Kiribati,
Marshall
Islands,
Nauru,
New
Caledonia,
New
Zealand,
Niue,
Norfolk
Island,
Pacific
Islands,
Papua
New
Guinea,
Samoa,
Solomon
Islands,
Tokelau,
Tonga,
Tuvalu,
and
the
Republic
of
Vanuatu.
7
Estimate
of
midyear
population.

8
First
level
enrollment
generally
consists
of
elementary
school,
grades
1
 
6.

9
Second
level
enrollment
includes
general
education,
teacher
training
(
at
the
second
level),
and
technical
and
vocational
education.
This
level
generally
corresponds
to
secondary
education
in
the
United
States,
grades
7
 
12.

10
Third
level
enrollment
includes
college
and
university
enrollment,
and
technical
and
vocational
education
beyond
the
high
school
level.
There
is
considerable
variation
in
reporting
from
country
to
country.

11
This
figure
is
for
Europe,
not
including
the
former
U.
S.
S.
R.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization,
Paris,
1999
Statistical
Yearbook.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2000.)
468
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
396.
 
Selected
statistics
for
countries
with
populations
over
10
million,
by
continent:
1980,
1990,
and
1997
Country
1
Population
in
millions
Persons
per
square
kilometer
in
1997
First
level
2
1980
1990
1997
Enrollment
in
thousands
Enrollment
ratio
5
1980
1990
1997
1980
1990
1997
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
World
total
6
...................................................................
4,447.1
5,282.0
5,817.2
45
541,556
596,853
668,450
96
99
102
Africa
Algeria
7
...............................................................................
18.7
24.9
29.3
12
3,119
4,189
8
4,675
94
100
8
107
Angola
.................................................................................
7.0
9.2
11.7
9
1,301
10
990
 
175
92
 
Burkina
Faso
.......................................................................
6.9
9.1
10.5
38
202
504
9
701
17
33
9
40
Cameroon
...........................................................................
8.7
11.5
13.9
30
1,379
1,964
8
1,921
98
101
8
85
Cote
d'Ivoire
........................................................................
8.2
11.7
14.2
45
1,025
1,415
8
1,736
75
67
8
71
Democratic
Rep
of
the
Congo
............................................
27.0
37.4
46.7
21
4,196
4,562
10
5,418
92
70
10
72
Egypt
7
.................................................................................
43.7
56.3
60.4
61
4,663
6,964
7,499
73
94
101
Ethiopia
...............................................................................
36.4
48.1
59.8
60
2,131
2,466
8
4,008
37
33
8
43
Ghana
7
...............................................................................
10.8
15.0
18.0
79
12
1,378
1,945
10
2,155
79
75
10
79
Kenya
7
................................................................................
16.6
23.5
28.6
50
3,927
5,392
9,15
5,545
115
95
9
85
Madagascar
........................................................................
9.1
12.6
14.2
24
1,724
1,571
9
1,638
130
103
9
92
Malawi
.................................................................................
6.2
9.3
10.3
109
810
1,401
9
2,887
60
68
9
134
Mali
.....................................................................................
6.9
7.9
10.3
8
291
395
863
26
26
49
Morocco
7
............................................................................
19.4
24.0
27.3
61
2,172
2,484
8
3,161
83
67
8
86
Mozambique
7
.....................................................................
12.1
14.2
16.6
21
19
1,387
1,260
9
1,415
 
67
9
60
Nigeria
8
..............................................................................
72.0
96.2
117.7
129
12,117
13,607
10
16,191
109
91
10
98
South
Africa
........................................................................
29.2
37.1
40.7
33
15
4,353
6,952
9
8,159
90
122
9
133
Sudan
7
...............................................................................
18.7
24.1
27.7
12
1,464
2,043
8
3,000
50
53
8
51
Uganda
...............................................................................
13.1
16.6
20.3
102
23
1,292
15,23
2,470
9
2,912
50
74
9
74
United
Republic
of
Tanzania
..............................................
18.6
25.5
31.3
35
3,368
3,379
4,058
93
70
66
Zimbabwe
...........................................................................
7.1
9.9
11.5
30
1,235
2,116
2,511
85
116
112
Asia
Afghanistan
7
.......................................................................
16.1
14.8
24.1
37
1,116
623
9
1,312
34
27
9
49
Bangladesh
.........................................................................
88.2
109.8
123.6
950
8,240
11,940
 
61
72
 
Cambodia
............................................................................
6.5
8.7
11.2
64
1,328
1,330
2,012
 
121
113
China
...................................................................................
998.9
1,155.3
1,227.2
132
146,270
122,414
139,954
113
125
123
Hong
Kong
..........................................................................
5.0
5.7
6.5
6568
540
525
9
468
107
102
9
94
India
....................................................................................
688.9
850.8
962.4
324
73,873
99,118
8
110,390
83
97
8
100
Indonesia
............................................................................
151.0
182.8
200.4
111
25,537
29,754
8
29,236
107
115
8
113
Iran,
Islamic
Republic
of
.....................................................
39.3
59.2
60.9
38
4,799
9,370
8
9,238
26
98
112
8
98
Iraq
......................................................................................
13.0
18.1
21.9
50
2,616
3,328
9
2,904
113
111
9
85
Japan
..................................................................................
116.8
123.5
126.1
335
11,827
9,373
7,855
101
100
101
Kazakhstan
.........................................................................
14.9
16.7
15.8
6
1,064
1,197
8
1,342
84
87
8
98
Korea,
North
(
DPR)
............................................................
17.7
20.4
22.9
190
 
 
 
 
 
 
Korea,
South
(
Republic
of)
.................................................
38.1
42.9
46.0
466
5,658
4,869
3,794
110
105
94
Malaysia
..............................................................................
13.8
17.9
21.7
66
2,009
2,456
15
2,841
93
94
101
Myanmar
.............................................................................
33.8
41.4
43.9
67
4,148
5,385
9
5,414
91
106
9
121
Nepal
7
................................................................................
14.5
18.8
22.3
156
1,068
2,789
8
3,448
86
108
8
113
Pakistan
..............................................................................
85.3
119.1
128.5
167
28
5,474
28
11,451
 
40
61
 
Philippines
...........................................................................
48.3
60.8
73.5
247
12
8,034
10,427
12,159
112
111
117
Saudi
Arabia
.......................................................................
9.6
16.0
20.1
9
927
1,877
8
2,256
61
73
8
76
Sri
Lanka
7
..........................................................................
14.8
17.1
18.6
287
2,081
2,112
8
1,844
103
106
8
109
Syrian
Arab
Republic
..........................................................
8.7
12.4
14.9
81
1,556
2,452
8
2,690
100
108
8
101
Thailand
..............................................................................
46.7
55.6
60.6
119
7,393
6,957
5,928
99
99
8
87
Turkey
.................................................................................
44.4
56.1
62.5
81
5,656
6,862
8
6,389
96
99
8
107
Uzbekistan
..........................................................................
16.0
20.5
23.7
57
1,391
1,778
10
1,906
81
81
10
78
Viet
Nam
.............................................................................
53.7
66.7
75.5
232
7,887
8,862
10,431
109
103
113
Yemen
.................................................................................
8.2
11.6
16.1
31
 
21
2,679
8
2,700
 
21
79
8
70
Europe
Belarus
7
..............................................................................
9.7
10.3
10.3
49
750
615
8
625
104
95
8
98
Belgium
...............................................................................
9.9
10.0
10.2
310
842
719
9
743
104
101
9
103
Czech
Republic
...................................................................
10.3
10.3
10.3
133
647
546
9
542
96
96
9
104
France
.................................................................................
53.9
56.7
58.6
107
4,610
4,149
9
4,005
111
108
8
105
Germany
31
.........................................................................
78.3
79.4
82.1
235
3,636
3,431
8
3,859
 
101
8
104
Greece
................................................................................
9.6
10.2
10.5
81
901
813
8
652
103
98
8
93
Hungary
7
............................................................................
10.7
10.4
10.2
110
1,162
1,131
9
507
96
95
9
103
Italy
7
...................................................................................
56.4
57.0
57.5
196
4,423
3,056
8
2,810
100
103
8
101
Netherlands
7
......................................................................
14.1
15.0
15.6
460
1,333
1,082
8
1,231
100
102
8
108
Poland
7
...............................................................................
35.6
38.1
38.7
127
4,167
5,189
9
5,021
100
98
9
96
Romania
7
...........................................................................
22.2
23.2
22.6
98
3,308
1,253
8
1,405
104
91
8
103
Russian
Federation
.............................................................
138.7
148.3
147.3
9
6,009
7,596
10
7,849
102
109
10
107
Spain
7
.................................................................................
37.5
39.3
39.3
79
3,610
2,820
15
2,610
109
109
8
109
Ukraine
7
.............................................................................
50.0
51.9
50.7
88
3,592
3,991
21
2,659
102
89
21
87
United
Kingdom
7
................................................................
56.3
57.6
59.0
244
4,911
4,533
8
5,328
103
104
8
116
Yugoslavia,
Federal
Republic
7
...........................................
9.5
10.2
10.6
104
 
32
467
8
438
 
72
8
69
North
America
Canada
...............................................................................
24.6
27.8
30.0
3
2,185
2,376
9
2,448
99
103
9
102
Cuba
...................................................................................
9.7
10.6
11.1
101
1,469
888
8
1,095
106
98
8
106
Guatemala
..........................................................................
6.9
9.2
10.5
97
803
1,165
1,545
71
78
88
Mexico
.................................................................................
67.6
83.2
94.3
49
14,666
14,402
8
14,651
120
114
8
114
United
States
......................................................................
230.4
254.1
267.7
29
20,420
22,429
9
24,046
99
102
9
102
South
America
Argentina
.............................................................................
28.1
32.5
35.7
13
3,917
4,965
5,153
106
106
8
113
Brazil
...................................................................................
121.7
148.0
163.7
19
22,598
28,944
34,229
98
106
125
Chile
....................................................................................
11.1
13.1
14.6
20
2,185
1,991
8
2,242
109
100
8
101
Colombia
.............................................................................
26.5
32.6
40.0
39
4,168
4,247
8,15
4,917
112
102
8
113
Ecuador
...............................................................................
8.0
10.3
11.9
43
1,534
1,846
8,32
1,888
117
116
8
127
Peru
....................................................................................
17.3
21.6
24.4
19
3,161
3,855
4,163
114
118
123
Venezuela
...........................................................................
15.1
19.5
22.8
26
3,158
4,053
8
4,262
93
96
8
91
Oceania
Australia
7
............................................................................
14.6
16.9
18.5
2
1,718
1,583
1,856
112
108
101
 
Not
available.
1
Selection
based
on
total
population
for
midyear
1997.
2
First
level
enrollment
generally
consists
of
elementary
school,
grades
1
 
6.
3
Second
level
enrollment
includes
general
education,
teacher
training
(
at
the
second
level),
and
technical
and
vocational
education.
This
level
generally
corresponds
to
secondary
education
in
the
United
States,
grades
7
 
12.
4
Third
level
enrollment
includes
college
and
university
enrollment,
and
technical
and
vocational
education
beyond
the
high
school
level.
There
is
considerable
variation
in
reporting
from
country
to
country.
5
Data
represent
the
total
enrollment
of
all
ages
in
the
school
level
divided
by
the
population
of
the
specific
age
groups
that
correspond
to
the
school
level.
Adjustments
have
been
made
for
the
varying
lengths
of
first
and
second
level
programs.
Ratios
may
exceed
100
because
some
countries
have
many
students
from
outside
the
normal
age
range.
6
Enrollment
totals
and
ratios
exclude
Democratic
People's
Republic
of
Korea.
Data
do
not
include
adult
education
or
special
education
provided
outside
regular
schools.
7
Classification
or
data
coverage
of
levels
have
been
revised.
Data
by
level
may
not
be
comparable
over
time.

8
Data
for
1996
 
97.

9
Data
for
1995
 
96.

10
Data
for
1994
 
95.

11
Data
for
1991
 
92.

12
Excludes
private
institutions.

13
Data
refer
to
universities
and
exclude
Al
Azhar.

14
Excludes
non­
university
institutions
(
such
as
teacher
training
colleges
and
technical
colleges)
and
excludes
distance­
learning
universities.

15
Estimated.
469
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
396.
 
Selected
statistics
for
countries
with
populations
over
10
million,
by
continent:
1980,
1990,
and
1997
 
Continued
Second
level
3
Third
level
4
Age
for
compulsory
attendance
Enrollment
in
thousands
Enrollment
ratio
5
Enrollment
in
thousands
Enrollment
ratio
5
1980
1990
1997
1980
1990
1997
1980
1990
1997
1980
1990
1997
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
264,379
315,008
398,116
47
52
60
51,037
68,613
88,156
12
14
17
 
1,029
2,176
8
2,618
33
61
8
63
79
286
9
347
6
11
9
12
6
 
15
191
186
 
21
12
 
2
7
 
0.4
1
 
7
 
15
28
99
 
3
7
 
2
5
8
9
0.3
1
81
 
234
500
 
18
28
10
27
12
33
 
2
3
 
6
 
12
198
361
8
534
19
22
25
20
11
30
10
52
3
 
 
7
 
13
862
11
1,097
10
1,514
24
11
21
10
26
28
80
10
93
1
2
102
 
2,929
5,507
8
6,727
50
76
78
716
12,13
628
12,13
850
16
16
9
20
6
 
14
426
866
9
819
9
14
8
12
14
34
8
42
0.4
1
8
1
7
 
13
693
 
 
41
36
 
8
14
10
 
2
1
 
6
 
14
428
16
618
9,15
632
20
24
9
24
13
14
35
 
1
2
 
6
 
14
 
16
323
16
302
 
18
9
16
23
36
27
3
3
9
2
6
 
13
26
61
9
142
5
8
9
17
3
5
96
1
1
91
 
 
84
188
8
7
13
174
5
14
1
1
1
 
8
797
1,194
8
1,442
26
35
8
39
112
256
8
312
6
11
8
11
7
 
16
16
90
160
9
185
5
8
9
7
15
1
20
5
87
1
3
8
1
7
 
14
1,865
2,908
10
4,451
18
25
10
33
150
14,21
208
 
3
20,21
4
 
6
 
12
 
2,742
10
3,571
 
74
9
95
 
22
439
10
618
 
13
9
19
7
 
16
384
732
8
406
16
24
8
21
29
14
60
 
2
3
 
6
 
13
16,2373
16,23
245
16,23
256
5
13
9
12
6
18
8,24
35
1
1
82
 
79
167
235
3
5
6
 
11
7
18
0.3
0.3
1
7
 
14
75
661
806
8
50
50
8
49
8,12
47
1
5
8
7
7
 
15
137
182
9
513
10
9
8
22
 
24
 
 
2
 
7
 
13
2,659
3,593
 
18
19
 
240
434
 
3
4
 
5
 
10
16
18
264
313
 
32
24
1
7
9
 
1
1
 
56,778
52,386
71,883
46
49
70
1,663
3,822
6,075
2
3
6
7
 
15
469
16,25
431
9
474
64
80
9
73
14
12
11
85
21
97
10
11
19
21
22
 
32,748
16
54,180
8
68,872
30
44
8
49
3,545
4,951
8
6,060
5
6
8
7
6
 
14
5,722
10,965
8
14,210
29
44
8
56
543
11
1,773
9
2,303
4
9
8
11
7
 
15
2,718
5,085
8
8,777
26
45
55
8
77
12,26
184
12
312
8,12
579
265
10
8
18
6
 
11
1,033
16
1,024
9
1,160
57
47
9
42
107
26
170
 
9
26
12
 
6
 
12
9,558
11,026
10
9,879
93
97
9
103
2,412
11
2,899
10
3,918
31
30
10
41
6
 
15
1,996
2,144
8
1,921
93
98
8
87
525
537
10
483
34
40
9
33
6
 
17
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5
 
15
4,286
4,560
8
4,662
78
90
8
102
648
1,691
8
2,542
15
39
68
6
 
15
1,084
1,456
12
1,795
48
56
64
58
121
9
211
4
7
9
12
 
1,066
1,281
16
1,923
22
23
10
30
163
11
196
10,27
245
5
4
10
5
5
 
10
512
709
8
1,121
22
33
8
42
12
34
94
8
106
3
5
8
5
6
 
11
2,166
4,345
 
14
23
 
26
268
 
 
262
3
 
 
2,929
4,034
4,980
64
73
78
1,276
1,709
9
2,022
24
28
9
29
6
 
12
349
893
8
1,543
29
44
8
61
62
154
8
274
7
12
8
16
 
1,267
2,082
9
2,314
55
74
9
75
26
59
11,29
55
9,29
64
3
5
9
5
5
 
15
604
914
8
958
46
52
8
42
140
222
10
216
17
18
10
16
6
 
12
1,920
2,230
4,097
29
30
8
56
17
911
20
1,156
1,522
15
20
19
8
22
7
 
15
2,218
3,808
8
4,761
35
47
8
58
246
750
8
1,434
5
13
8
21
6
 
14
2,879
3,195
10
3,319
105
99
10
94
516
603
 
28
30
 
 
16
3,847
6
3,236
16
6,642
42
32
57
115
130
8
509
2
2
8
7
6
 
11
 
21
212
8
354
 
21
23
8
34
 
11
53
8
66
 
11
4
8
4
6
 
15
760
968
8
1,065
98
93
8
93
340
335
8
329
39
48
8
44
6
 
15
836
769
9
1,059
91
103
9
146
196
276
9
358
26
40
9
56
6
 
18
26
1,161
1,268
9
1,191
99
91
9
99
30
118
30
118
8
207
17
16
8
24
6
 
15
5,014
5,522
8
5,980
85
99
8
111
1,077
1,699
8
2,062
25
40
8
51
6
 
16
8,457
7,398
8
8,382
 
98
8
104
1,624
2,049
8
2,132
27
34
8
47
6
 
18
740
851
8
818
81
93
8
95
121
283
8
363
17
36
8
47
6
 
15
357
514
9
1,112
70
79
9
98
101
102
9
195
14
14
9
24
6
 
16
5,308
5,118
8
4,602
72
83
8
95
1,118
1,452
8
1,893
27
32
8
47
6
 
14
1,391
1,402
8
1,416
93
120
8
132
360
479
8
469
29
40
8
47
5
 
18
1,674
1,888
9
2,539
77
81
9
98
589
545
9
720
18
22
9
25
7
 
15
1,148
2,838
8
2,212
94
92
8
78
193
193
8
412
12
10
8
23
7
 
14
12,991
13,956
21
13,732
96
93
21
87
5,700
5,100
10
4,458
46
52
10
43
6
 
15
3,977
4,755
8
3,852
87
104
8
120
698
1,222
8
1,684
23
37
8
51
6
 
16
3,406
3,408
21
4,731
94
93
21
91
1,684
1,652
9
1,541
42
47
9
42
6
 
15
5,342
4,336
8
6,549
83
85
8
129
827
1,258
9
1,821
19
30
8
52
5
 
16
 
788
8
815
 
63
8
62
 
11
133
8
172
 
11
18
8
22
7
 
15
2,323
2,292
9
2,505
88
101
9
105
33
1,173
1,917
9
1,763
57
95
9
88
6
 
16
1,146
1,002
8
713
81
89
8
81
152
242
8
112
17
21
8
12
6
 
16
172
11
295
385
19
11
23
26
51
20
70
9
80
8
20
8
9
8
7
 
14
4,742
6,704
8
7,914
49
53
8
64
930
1,311
8
1,612
14
15
8
16
6
 
14
21,585
19,270
9
21,474
91
93
9
97
12,097
13,710
9
14,262
56
75
9
81
6
 
16
1,327
2,160
8
2,594
56
71
8
77
491
11
1,008
10
1,070
22
11
38
10
36
6
 
14
2,819
3,499
6,405
33
38
62
1,409
34
1,540
8,34
1,869
11
11
8
15
7
 
14
538
720
8
739
53
73
8
75
145
11
262
381
12
11
21
31
6
 
13
1,733
11
2,378
8
3,318
39
50
8
67
272
487
8
644
9
13
8
17
6
 
12
592
16,35
786
 
53
55
10
50
270
207
 
35
20
 
5
 
15
1,203
1,698
1,970
59
67
72
306
678
658
17
30
26
6
 
12
222
281
8
378
21
35
8
40
307
550
 
21
29
 
6
 
15
1,100
1,278
2,368
71
82
153
36
324
36
485
1,042
25
36
80
6
 
15
16
General
education
enrollment
only.
Excludes
teacher
training
and
vocational
education
enrollments.
17
Data
for
1981
 
82
18
Does
not
include
professional
schools.
19
Includes
initiation
classes
where
students
learn
Portuguese.
20
Data
for
1992
 
93.
21
Data
for
1993
 
94.
22
Not
including
the
former
Independent
States
of
Transke,
Bophuthatswana,
Venda,
and
Ciskei.
23
Data
refer
to
government
aided
and
maintained
schools
only.
24
Not
including
private
non­
university
institutions.
25
Day
schools
only.
26
Data
for
1985
 
86
27
Does
not
include
medical
science.
28
Includes
preprimary
education.
29
Excludes
some
non­
university
institutions.
30
Includes
full­
time
students
only.

31
Data
include
both
former
East
and
West
Germany.

32
Data
refer
to
the
end
of
school
year.

33
Not
including
part­
time
students
at
community
colleges.

34
Not
including
ISCED
level
7.

35
Including
vocational
education.

36
Data
do
not
include
Vocational
Education
and
Training
Institutes
(
VETS).

NOTE:
Some
data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization
(
UNESCO),
Paris,
Statistical
Yearbook,
1999;
World
Bank,
World
Development
Indicators
2000.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
2000.)
470
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
397.
 
Pupils
per
teacher
in
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
by
level
of
education:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
Country
Elementary
Junior
high
schools
(
lower
secondary)
Senior
high
schools
(
upper
secondary)

1985
1990
1994
1996
1998
1999
1985
1990
1994
1996
1998
1999
1985
1990
1994
1996
1998
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Australia
....................
1
13.8
 
18.5
18.1
17.9
17.3
 
 
 
 
14.7
2
13.7
3.2
 
 
 
16.8
2
10.8
Austria
.......................
11.3
11.6
11.9
12.7
12.7
14.5
9.2
7.7
8.3
9.2
9.3
9.6
15.2
12.4
7.8
8.5
9.7
10.0
Belgium
.....................
 
 
13.3
 
14.0
13.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
.....................
18.1
17.1
16.5
17.0
21.0
18.7
16.0
15.5
19.1
20.0
21.0
18.7
16.0
15.3
19.1
19.5
23.1
20.0
Denmark
...................
12.7
11.2
11.0
11.2
 
10.6
10.2
9.3
9.0
10.1
 
11.6
14.8
13.3
9.1
12.1
 
13.2
France
.......................
 
 
19.6
19.5
 
19.6
 
 
 
 
 
12.9
 
 
 
 
 
12.7
Germany
3
.................
20.7
20.3
20.5
20.9
21.6
21.0
16.9
14.6
15.7
16.0
16.3
16.4
23.7
21.0
12.0
13.1
13.6
12.4
Ireland
.......................
 
 
24.3
22.6
22.6
21.6
 
 
 
 
 
 
7.2
8.3
 
 
 
 
Italy
...........................
12.8
10.7
10.2
11.2
 
11.3
9.6
8.5
8.0
10.8
 
10.3
10.8
10.7
8.9
9.8
 
10.2
Japan
........................
 
1
20.8
19.2
19.7
21.4
21.2
 
18.6
16.2
16.2
17.3
17.1
 
16.2
15.8
15.6
14.4
14.1
Netherlands
...............
20.2
19.2
22.4
20.0
17.8
16.6
12.7
12.4
16.9
 
 
 
 
 
16.5
 
 
 
New
Zealand
.............
20.1
19.1
20.2
22.0
24.7
20.5
 
 
16.7
18.1
25.9
19.8
 
 
13.2
14.1
16.8
12.8
Norway
......................
 
 
 
 
12.6
12.6
 
 
 
 
10.1
10.1
 
 
 
 
8.1
9.9
Portugal
.....................
 
 
12.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Spain
.........................
26.8
21.2
19.2
18.0
16.0
15.4
21.4
18.8
18.2
17.8
 
 
15.3
14.8
14.8
14.2
 
 
Sweden
.....................
11.6
10.6
12.5
12.7
13.4
13.3
10.8
10.2
10.9
12.2
13.2
13.3
13.1
11.9
14.6
15.2
17.0
15.5
Turkey
.......................
31.1
30.6
27.4
 
 
30.0
41.3
48.4
45.6
 
 
 
11.0
12.1
14.1
 
 
16.1
United
Kingdom
........
19.7
22.0
20.7
21.3
22.0
22.5
 
18.5
16.9
16.0
16.7
17.4
11.1
13.9
15.1
15.3
16.7
2
12.4
United
States
............
17.0
15.6
 
16.9
16.5
16.3
16.5
15.9
 
17.5
17.1
16.8
16.2
15.8
 
14.7
14.7
14.5
 
Not
available.
1
Public
schools
only.
2
Includes
only
general
programs.
3
Data
for
1985
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.
SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance,
various
years;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)

Table
398.
 
Geography
proficiency
of
13­
year­
olds
in
educational
systems
participating
in
the
International
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress:
1991
Country
Average
percent
correct
All
geography
items
1
Geographic
skills
and
tools
2
Physical
geography
items
3
Cultural
geography
items
4
1
2
3
4
5
Hungary
............................................................
69.8
(
0.6)
76.3
(
0.5)
67.8
(
0.7)
65.0
(
0.7)
Slovenia
............................................................
65.3
(
0.6)
67.9
(
0.5)
63.6
(
0.7)
64.3
(
0.9)
Canada
5
...........................................................
63.0
(
0.5)
69.5
(
0.4)
61.0
(
0.6)
58.2
(
0.6)
Former
U.
S.
S.
R.
6
.............................................
62.6
(
1.1)
72.2
(
0.9)
61.2
(
1.0)
53.4
(
1.8)
United
States
7
..................................................
61.9
(
0.8)
69.4
(
0.6)
58.3
(
1.0)
58.1
(
1.0)
Spain
8
...............................................................
60.1
(
0.7)
62.4
(
0.9)
58.9
(
0.7)
58.9
(
1.1)
Korea
................................................................
59.7
(
0.5)
67.8
(
0.5)
52.1
(
0.7)
60.3
(
0.6)
Ireland
...............................................................
58.5
(
0.6)
62.7
(
0.6)
59.5
(
0.8)
52.3
(
0.8)
Scotland
7
..........................................................
58.3
(
0.6)
66.2
(
0.5)
57.1
(
0.8)
50.6
(
0.8)

1
All
24
geography
items.
2
Eight
items
testing
ability
to
use
maps,
charts,
and
globes.
3
Nine
items
testing
knowledge
of
location
of
physical
features
and
concepts
of
climate.
4
Seven
items
testing
knowledge
of
cultural
entities
and
interactions
between
people
and
their
environment.
5
Eight
provinces.
6
Schools
in
14
republics
where
instruction
is
in
Russian.
7
Combined
school
and
student
participation
rate
below
80
percent
but
at
least
70
percent
8
Schools
where
instruction
is
in
Spanish,
in
all
regions
except
Cataluna.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
International
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
Learning
About
The
World,
1992.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
1993.)
471
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
399.
 
Average
8th­
grade
mathematics
scores
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
out
of
school,
by
country:
1999
Country
Average
achievement
scale
score
Distribution
of
daily
out­
of­
school
study
time
in
mathematics,
with
mean
mathematics
scores
Mathematics
overall
Fractions
and
number
sense
Geometry
Algebra
Data
representation
analysis
and
probability
Measurement
No
time
Less
than
1
hour
One
hour
or
more
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
International
average
1
...................
487
(
0.7)
487
(
0.7)
487
(
0.7)
487
(
0.7)
487
(
0.7)
487
(
0.7)
10
(
0.1)
455
(
1.7)
50
(
0.2)
495
(
0.8)
40
(
0.2)
486
(
0.9)

Australia
...........................................
525
(
4.8)
519
(
4.3)
497
(
5.7)
520
(
5.1)
522
(
6.3)
529
(
4.9)
15
(
1.0)
493
(
6.3)
63
(
1.1)
537
(
5.0)
22
(
1.0)
515
(
6.3)

Belgium
(
Flemish)
............................
558
(
3.3)
557
(
3.1)
535
(
4.1)
540
(
4.6)
544
(
3.8)
549
(
4.0)
3
(
0.8)
476
(
21.8)
50
(
1.0)
573
(
3.8)
47
(
1.2)
550
(
3.1)

Bulgaria
............................................
511
(
5.8)
503
(
6.6)
524
(
5.9)
512
(
5.1)
493
(
6.1)
497
(
6.6)
12
(
1.2)
494
(
9.5)
45
(
1.3)
516
(
5.5)
43
(
1.7)
521
(
7.9)

Canada
.............................................
531
(
2.5)
533
(
2.5)
507
(
4.7)
525
(
2.4)
521
(
4.5)
521
(
2.4)
11
(
0.8)
527
(
5.2)
61
(
1.0)
542
(
2.8)
28
(
1.0)
510
(
3.3)

Chile
.................................................
392
(
4.4)
403
(
4.9)
412
(
5.4)
399
(
4.3)
429
(
3.8)
412
(
4.9)
17
(
0.8)
384
(
5.9)
54
(
0.7)
400
(
4.7)
29
(
1.0)
394
(
7.1)

Chinese
Taipei
.................................
585
(
4.0)
576
(
4.2)
557
(
5.8)
586
(
4.4)
559
(
5.1)
566
(
3.4)
31
(
1.3)
529
(
4.8)
44
(
0.8)
604
(
3.5)
25
(
1.0)
627
(
4.7)

Cyprus
..............................................
476
(
1.8)
481
(
3.0)
484
(
4.6)
479
(
1.6)
472
(
4.6)
471
(
4.0)
9
(
0.6)
425
(
7.2)
51
(
1.1)
496
(
2.7)
40
(
1.1)
469
(
2.4)

Czech
Republic
................................
520
(
4.2)
507
(
4.8)
513
(
5.5)
514
(
4.0)
513
(
5.9)
535
(
5.0)
12
(
1.0)
525
(
9.2)
68
(
1.3)
528
(
4.6)
20
(
1.1)
493
(
5.2)

England
............................................
496
(
4.1)
497
(
3.8)
471
(
4.2)
498
(
4.9)
506
(
8.0)
507
(
3.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finland
.............................................
520
(
2.7)
531
(
3.8)
494
(
6.0)
498
(
3.1)
525
(
3.8)
521
(
4.7)
7
(
0.6)
506
(
8.1)
85
(
0.8)
525
(
2.5)
8
(
0.7)
486
(
6.8)

Hong
Kong
.......................................
582
(
4.3)
579
(
4.5)
556
(
4.9)
569
(
4.5)
547
(
5.4)
567
(
5.8)
25
(
1.2)
552
(
6.1)
51
(
0.9)
591
(
3.9)
24
(
1.1)
600
(
4.8)

Hungary
............................................
532
(
3.7)
526
(
4.2)
489
(
4.3)
536
(
4.1)
520
(
5.9)
538
(
3.5)
4
(
0.4)
497
(
9.9)
71
(
1.0)
540
(
3.6)
25
(
1.1)
514
(
5.0)

Indonesia
..........................................
403
(
4.9)
406
(
4.1)
441
(
5.1)
424
(
5.7)
423
(
4.4)
395
(
5.1)
10
(
0.8)
396
(
8.4)
38
(
1.0)
405
(
5.6)
51
(
1.4)
406
(
5.4)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
......................
422
(
3.4)
437
(
4.5)
447
(
2.9)
434
(
4.9)
430
(
6.0)
401
(
4.7)
3
(
0.3)
375
(
14.1)
22
(
0.8)
425
(
3.7)
75
(
1.0)
427
(
3.7)

Israel
2
..............................................
466
(
3.9)
472
(
4.4)
462
(
5.4)
479
(
4.5)
468
(
5.1)
457
(
5.1)
8
(
0.6)
436
(
11.3)
48
(
1.1)
491
(
4.2)
44
(
1.4)
454
(
4.3)

Italy
...................................................
479
(
3.8)
471
(
5.0)
482
(
5.6)
481
(
3.6)
484
(
4.5)
501
(
5.0)
5
(
0.5)
400
(
9.5)
39
(
1.2)
488
(
4.5)
57
(
1.3)
482
(
4.0)

Japan
...............................................
579
(
1.7)
570
(
2.6)
575
(
5.1)
569
(
3.3)
555
(
2.3)
558
(
2.4)
26
(
1.2)
558
(
3.8)
54
(
0.9)
586
(
2.0)
20
(
0.9)
585
(
2.5)

Jordan
..............................................
428
(
3.6)
432
(
3.2)
449
(
7.1)
439
(
5.3)
436
(
7.8)
438
(
4.4)
8
(
0.6)
374
(
9.8)
33
(
0.8)
441
(
4.6)
60
(
1.0)
445
(
4.3)

Korea
................................................
587
(
2.0)
570
(
2.7)
573
(
3.9)
585
(
2.7)
576
(
4.2)
571
(
2.8)
34
(
1.0)
560
(
2.6)
45
(
0.7)
598
(
2.0)
21
(
0.9)
610
(
4.1)

Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
2
505
(
3.4)
496
(
3.7)
522
(
5.6)
499
(
4.3)
495
(
4.8)
505
(
3.5)
3
(
0.4)
480
(
13.8)
58
(
1.3)
516
(
4.1)
40
(
1.3)
493
(
4.1)

Lithuania
2
........................................
482
(
4.3)
479
(
4.3)
496
(
5.8)
487
(
3.7)
493
(
3.6)
467
(
4.0)
3
(
0.5)
417
(
15.8)
68
(
1.4)
486
(
4.4)
29
(
1.3)
483
(
5.3)

Macedonia,
Republic
of
...................
447
(
4.2)
437
(
4.7)
460
(
6.1)
465
(
4.0)
442
(
6.2)
451
(
5.2)
6
(
0.4)
429
(
9.2)
49
(
1.1)
461
(
4.6)
45
(
1.2)
448
(
4.1)

Malaysia
...........................................
519
(
4.4)
532
(
4.7)
497
(
4.4)
505
(
4.8)
491
(
4.0)
514
(
4.6)
2
(
0.2)
(
3)
(
3)
28
(
0.9)
523
(
6.5)
71
(
1.0)
519
(
4.2)

Moldova
............................................
469
(
3.9)
465
(
4.2)
481
(
5.0)
477
(
3.7)
450
(
5.7)
479
(
4.9)
8
(
0.7)
452
(
7.6)
48
(
1.4)
476
(
4.1)
44
(
1.6)
473
(
5.0)

Morocco
...........................................
337
(
2.6)
335
(
3.6)
407
(
2.2)
353
(
4.7)
383
(
3.5)
348
(
3.5)
13
(
0.9)
324
(
8.0)
29
(
0.9)
341
(
6.6)
58
(
1.5)
350
(
3.2)

Netherlands
......................................
540
(
7.1)
545
(
7.1)
515
(
5.5)
522
(
7.7)
538
(
7.9)
538
(
5.8)
8
(
1.1)
559
(
14.0)
78
(
1.3)
546
(
6.7)
14
(
1.5)
507
(
12.2)

New
Zealand
....................................
491
(
5.2)
493
(
5.0)
478
(
4.2)
497
(
4.7)
497
(
5.0)
496
(
5.3)
14
(
0.9)
444
(
6.7)
66
(
1.2)
507
(
5.3)
20
(
1.2)
480
(
6.6)

Philippines
........................................
345
(
6.0)
378
(
6.3)
383
(
3.4)
345
(
5.8)
406
(
3.5)
355
(
6.2)
5
(
0.4)
288
(
13.2)
42
(
0.8)
363
(
6.2)
53
(
0.8)
347
(
6.7)

Romania
...........................................
472
(
5.8)
458
(
5.7)
487
(
6.4)
481
(
5.2)
453
(
4.7)
491
(
4.9)
9
(
0.7)
417
(
7.7)
25
(
1.5)
457
(
6.2)
66
(
1.8)
494
(
5.4)

Russian
Federation
..........................
526
(
5.9)
513
(
6.4)
522
(
6.0)
529
(
4.9)
501
(
4.8)
527
(
6.0)
6
(
0.5)
483
(
10.0)
49
(
1.3)
537
(
6.7)
45
(
1.5)
530
(
5.2)

Singapore
.........................................
604
(
6.3)
608
(
5.6)
560
(
6.7)
576
(
6.2)
562
(
6.2)
599
(
6.3)
5
(
0.5)
562
(
10.7)
34
(
1.0)
612
(
7.6)
61
(
1.1)
604
(
5.7)

Slovak
Republic
...............................
534
(
4.0)
525
(
4.8)
527
(
7.3)
525
(
4.6)
521
(
4.6)
537
(
3.3)
6
(
0.6)
535
(
8.3)
70
(
0.8)
542
(
3.9)
23
(
0.9)
513
(
4.7)

Slovenia
...........................................
530
(
2.8)
527
(
3.7)
506
(
6.2)
525
(
2.9)
530
(
4.2)
523
(
3.7)
8
(
0.7)
530
(
7.7)
63
(
1.1)
541
(
3.3)
29
(
1.0)
511
(
4.1)

South
Africa
.....................................
275
(
6.8)
300
(
6.0)
335
(
6.6)
293
(
7.7)
356
(
3.8)
329
(
4.8)
10
(
0.8)
241
(
14.1)
37
(
0.7)
293
(
8.6)
53
(
1.1)
273
(
7.9)

Thailand
...........................................
467
(
5.1)
471
(
5.3)
484
(
4.4)
456
(
4.9)
476
(
4.0)
463
(
6.2)
6
(
0.4)
424
(
5.6)
45
(
1.1)
459
(
5.8)
49
(
1.2)
482
(
5.8)

Tunisia
..............................................
448
(
2.4)
443
(
2.8)
484
(
4.4)
455
(
2.7)
446
(
5.1)
442
(
3.1)
7
(
0.5)
439
(
5.3)
27
(
0.8)
452
(
3.4)
66
(
0.9)
450
(
2.9)

Turkey
..............................................
429
(
4.3)
430
(
4.3)
428
(
5.7)
432
(
4.6)
446
(
3.3)
436
(
6.5)
6
(
0.6)
398
(
7.1)
41
(
1.0)
422
(
4.4)
52
(
1.4)
448
(
4.7)

United
States
...................................
502
(
4.0)
509
(
4.2)
473
(
4.4)
506
(
4.1)
506
(
5.2)
482
(
3.9)
15
(
1.1)
466
(
4.8)
58
(
0.7)
514
(
4.0)
27
(
1.1)
505
(
4.5)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.

2
Countries
not
meeting
all
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement's
sampling
specifications
NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Because
results
are
rounded
to
the
nearest
whole
number
some
totals
may
appear
inconsistent.
SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1999,
TIMSS
1999
International
Mathematics
Report,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
472
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
400.
 
Instructional
practices
and
time
spent
teaching
mathematics
in
8th­
grade,
by
country:
1999
Country
Percent
of
students
reporting
almost
always
or
pretty
often
Number
of
hours
mathematics
is
taught
weekly
We
discuss
our
completed
homework
Teacher
shows
us
how
to
do
mathematics
We
work
on
worksheets
or
textbooks
on
our
own
We
work
on
mathematics
projects
We
begin
our
homework
Less
than
2
hours
At
least
2,
but
less
than
3.5
hours
At
least
3.5,
but
less
than
5
hours
5
hours
or
more
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Australia
...........................................
44
(
1.8)
93
(
0.7)
91
(
1.2)
25
(
1.7)
56
(
1.6)
3
(
1.4)
565
(
30.5)
50
(
4.6)
517
(
6.7)
44
(
4.4)
534
(
7.7)
3
(
1.7)
530
(
46.0)

Belgium
(
Flemish)
............................
43
(
1.4)
69
(
0.9)
64
(
1.0)
16
(
1.1)
20
(
1.4)
13
(
3.4)
502
(
18.9)
43
(
3.8)
544
(
7.7)
40
(
2.8)
595
(
4.1)
4
(
1.0)
590
(
11.7)

Bulgaria
............................................
48
(
1.9)
89
(
1.0)
32
(
1.2)
15
(
1.0)
21
(
1.4)
14
(
3.3)
543
(
9.0)
73
(
4.6)
498
(
5.0)
8
(
2.3)
525
(
27.0)
4
(
3.0)
606
(
29.5)

Canada
.............................................
62
(
1.4)
92
(
0.5)
92
(
0.5)
28
(
1.1)
82
(
1.2)
1
3
(
0.9)
503
(
6.3)
1
26
(
2.7)
523
(
6.1)
155
(
3.2)
544
(
3.9)
1
17
(
2.2)
520
(
6.4)

Chile
.................................................
47
(
1.3)
89
(
0.9)
40
(
1.1)
46
(
1.6)
55
(
1.2)
1
(
0.7)
 
 
3
(
1.3)
414
(
12.7)
83
(
2.8)
391
(
5.0)
13
(
2.4)
394
(
13.7)

Chinese
Taipei
.................................
55
(
1.0)
91
(
0.5)
59
(
1.2)
55
(
1.2)
34
(
1.0)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
51
(
4.5)
577
(
5.5)
48
(
4.4)
592
(
5.8)
1
(
1.1)
 
 
Cyprus
..............................................
72
(
1.1)
92
(
0.7)
67
(
1.0)
29
(
1.0)
52
(
2.3)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
100
(
0.0)
476
(
1.8)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Czech
Republic
................................
42
(
1.8)
86
(
1.1)
51
(
2.4)
8
(
0.6)
16
(
1.6)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
44
(
4.4)
517
(
6.4)
52
(
4.4)
517
(
5.3)
4
(
2.1)
600
(
28.1)

England
............................................
62
(
1.5)
93
(
0.7)
88
(
1.5)
35
(
1.4)
27
(
1.6)
2
0
0.2
 
 
2
95
(
2.0)
512
(
5.3)
2
3
(
1.4)
481
(
10.2)
2
2
(
1.2)
 
 
Finland
..............................................
37
(
1.3)
67
(
1.3)
90
(
1.0)
7
(
0.8)
47
(
2.0)
4
(
1.5)
518
(
12.2)
87
(
2.9)
520
(
2.9)
7
(
2.4)
535
(
14.0)
1
(
0.9)
 
 
Hong
Kong,
SAR
.............................
35
(
1.1)
91
(
0.6)
69
(
1.2)
67
(
1.4)
40
(
1.1)
3
(
1.5)
553
(
16.7)
17
(
3.1)
587
(
11.1)
71
(
4.0)
583
(
5.6)
9
(
2.3)
579
(
15.2)

Hungary
............................................
71
(
1.5)
87
(
1.0)
63
(
1.7)
96
(
0.4)
18
(
1.2)
1
(
0.8)
 
 
80
(
2.9)
531
(
3.9)
15
(
2.7)
522
(
12.6)
3
(
1.1)
583
(
34.4)

Indonesia
..........................................
48
(
1.0)
88
(
0.6)
36
(
1.5)
86
(
0.9)
13
(
0.7)
3
(
1.2)
409
(
27.4)
1
(
0.2)
 
 
76
(
3.8)
408
(
6.1)
21
(
3.7)
384
(
9.4)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
.......................
56
(
1.0)
82
(
0.7)
45
(
0.9)
30
(
1.1)
34
(
1.3)
24
(
4.0)
429
(
5.7)
50
(
4.8)
423
(
4.9)
14
(
2.9)
413
(
8.9)
12
(
2.6)
419
(
11.4)

Israel
................................................
64
(
1.3)
90
(
0.6)
72
(
1.2)
20
(
1.0)
65
(
1.5)
1
2
(
1.2)
 
 
1
29
(
3.9)
481
(
8.5)
1
65
(
4.1)
464
(
5.8)
1
4
(
1.5)
470
(
28.7)

Italy
...................................................
64
(
1.4)
80
(
1.2)
34
(
1.2)
22
(
1.3)
39
(
2.3)
6
(
1.8)
484
(
10.3)
29
(
4.0)
475
(
7.4)
55
(
3.8)
483
(
5.3)
9
(
2.1)
469
(
11.5)

Japan
...............................................
19
(
1.2)
88
(
0.7)
38
(
1.5)
6
(
0.7)
20
(
1.3)
2
(
0.9)
 
 
95
(
2.0)
577
(
2.1)
2
(
1.3)
 
 
1
(
1.3)
 
 
Jordan
..............................................
76
(
0.9)
92
(
0.6)
45
(
1.1)
40
(
1.4)
59
(
1.1)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
88
(
2.8)
424
(
3.7)
7
(
2.2)
439
(
20.1)
5
(
1.9)
463
(
21.0)

Korea
................................................
10
(
0.5)
85
(
0.8)
29
(
0.7)
46
(
1.2)
17
(
0.7)
3
(
1.1)
587
(
11.7)
93
(
1.8)
587
(
2.1)
3
(
1.1)
602
(
9.6)
2
(
0.9)
 
 
Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
....
48
(
1.8)
86
(
1.0)
54
(
1.2)
 
 
28
(
1.6)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
31
(
4.2)
491
(
5.6)
62
(
3.9)
516
(
4.6)
7
(
2.5)
487
(
17.2)

Lithuania
3
.........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Macedonia,
Republic
of
...................
72
(
1.3)
86
(
0.8)
66
(
1.6)
37
(
1.1)
30
(
1.4)
1
(
0.6)
 
 
97
(
1.2)
447
(
4.4)
2
(
1.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Malaysia
...........................................
61
(
1.0)
92
(
0.5)
13
(
0.7)
68
(
1.1)
67
(
1.3)
5
(
1.8)
533
(
24.0)
93
(
2.1)
520
(
4.6)
2
(
1.2)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Moldova
............................................
61
(
1.3)
91
(
0.8)
66
(
1.7)
52
(
1.6)
32
(
1.6)
7
(
1.9)
467
(
19.7)
5
(
1.5)
485
(
18.0)
80
(
3.3)
466
(
4.5)
8
(
2.4)
481
(
17.9)

Morocco
...........................................
4
69
(
0.8)
86
(
0.6)
4
53
(
1.0)
4
49
(
1.1)
4
53
(
1.2)
1
(
0.6)
 
 
3
(
1.0)
338
(
10.5)
0
0.0
 
 
96
(
1.1)
337
(
2.9)

Netherlands
......................................
68
(
3.7)
70
(
2.7)
92
(
1.1)
3
(
0.7)
89
(
1.5)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
100
(
0.5)
537
(
7.2)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
New
Zealand
....................................
55
(
1.8)
92
(
0.6)
89
(
1.0)
33
(
1.5)
43
(
1.7)
2
(
1.1)
 
 
41
(
3.8)
488
(
8.3)
56
(
3.9)
494
(
7.0)
1
(
0.0)
 
 
Philippines
........................................
78
(
0.8)
87
(
0.8)
64
(
1.0)
56
(
1.2)
49
(
1.1)
3
(
0.9)
361
(
22.5)
78
(
3.4)
343
(
7.1)
8
(
2.5)
384
(
33.0)
11
(
2.5)
326
(
15.0)

Romania
...........................................
62
(
1.4)
83
(
0.9)
49
(
1.1)
38
(
2.0)
27
(
1.6)
10
(
2.4)
481
(
15.3)
70
(
3.9)
471
(
6.8)
12
(
2.3)
483
(
12.0)
9
(
2.5)
477
(
21.8)

Russian
Federation
..........................
53
(
1.4)
78
(
1.2)
62
(
1.3)
19
(
0.9)
10
(
0.8)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
32
(
3.8)
513
(
8.5)
57
(
4.1)
528
(
7.7)
11
(
2.5)
553
(
13.4)

Singapore
.........................................
61
(
1.0)
97
(
0.4)
75
(
0.9)
15
(
1.1)
60
(
1.9)
5
(
2.0)
608
(
20.0)
48
(
4.0)
623
(
7.5)
37
(
3.8)
586
(
11.2)
9
(
2.3)
592
(
24.7)

Slovak
Republic
...............................
59
(
1.9)
81
(
1.0)
53
(
1.6)
11
(
0.8)
39
(
1.9)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
44
(
4.7)
534
(
6.1)
50
(
4.8)
534
(
5.3)
5
(
2.1)
503
(
15.2)

Slovenia
...........................................
60
(
1.7)
76
(
1.5)
57
(
1.8)
19
(
0.9)
28
(
1.9)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
74
(
4.1)
528
(
3.3)
26
(
4.1)
537
(
4.5)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
South
Africa
.....................................
72
(
0.8)
83
(
0.7)
67
(
1.2)
59
(
1.4)
69
(
1.1)
10
(
2.4)
273
(
17.2)
23
(
3.5)
269
(
13.3)
58
(
4.2)
277
(
8.8)
9
(
2.6)
275
(
24.4)

Thailand
...........................................
29
(
1.2)
91
(
0.7)
52
(
1.1)
19
(
1.0)
80
(
0.9)
1
2
(
1.4)
 
 
1
58
(
5.1)
461
(
7.3)
1
9
(
3.3)
448
(
18.5)
1
30
(
4.9)
483
(
11.4)

Tunisia
..............................................
63
(
1.2)
85
(
0.9)
57
(
1.0)
77
(
0.7)
32
(
1.1)
1
(
1.0)
 
 
12
(
2.6)
441
(
6.7)
86
(
2.8)
448
(
2.8)
1
(
1.0)
 
 
Turkey
..............................................
35
(
1.1)
84
(
0.7)
38
(
0.9)
22
(
0.8)
21
(
1.2)
1
13
(
2.7)
427
(
11.0)
1
77
(
3.4)
429
(
5.0)
1
5
(
1.6)
415
(
10.5)
1
5
(
1.6)
418
(
16.3)

United
States
....................................
79
(
1.2)
94
(
0.6)
86
(
0.7)
29
(
1.3)
74
(
1.6)
11
(
2.3)
491
(
14.5)
17
(
2.6)
528
(
11.6)
56
(
3.4)
501
(
4.9)
16
(
2.2)
490
(
9.2)

 
Not
available.

1
Teacher
response
data
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.

2
Teacher
response
data
available
for
50
to
69
percent
of
students.

3
Lithuania
tested
the
same
cohort
of
students
as
other
countries,
but
later
in
1999,
at
the
beginning
of
the
next
school
year.

4
Student
response
rate
70
 
84
percent.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
1999,
International
Mathematics
Report,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
473
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
401.
 
Average
8th­
grade
science
scores
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
out
of
school,
by
country:
1999
Country
Average
achievement
scale
score
Distribution
of
daily
out­
of­
school
study
time
in
science,
with
mean
science
scores
Overall
science
scores
Earth
science
Life
science
Physics
Chemistry
Environmental
and
resource
issues
Scientific
inquiry
and
the
nature
of
science
No
time
Less
than
1
hour
One
hour
or
more
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
International
average
1
...................
488
(
0.7)
488
(
0.9)
488
(
0.7)
488
(
0.9)
488
(
0.8)
488
(
0.7)
488
(
0.7)
14
(
0.2)
462
(
1.2)
49
(
0.2)
495
(
1.0)
36
(
0.2)
486
(
1.0)

Australia
...........................................
540
(
4.4)
519
(
6.1)
530
(
4.4)
531
(
6.3)
520
(
5.0)
530
(
6.3)
535
(
4.9)
21
(
1.4)
510
(
6.6)
65
(
1.4)
553
(
4.4)
14
(
0.8)
533
(
6.9)

Belgium
(
Flemish)
............................
535
(
3.1)
533
(
3.5)
535
(
4.6)
530
(
3.5)
508
(
3.3)
513
(
3.5)
526
(
4.9)
14
(
1.1)
537
(
8.7)
55
(
1.2)
543
(
4.0)
31
(
1.4)
520
(
3.9)

Bulgaria
............................................
518
(
5.4)
520
(
5.7)
514
(
6.9)
505
(
5.8)
527
(
5.7)
483
(
6.4)
479
(
5.6)
17
(
1.6)
505
(
8.7)
38
(
1.2)
523
(
6.7)
45
(
1.5)
528
(
7.0)

Canada
.............................................
533
(
2.1)
519
(
3.7)
523
(
3.8)
521
(
3.8)
521
(
5.4)
521
(
3.5)
532
(
5.1)
20
(
1.0)
525
(
4.1)
62
(
0.9)
541
(
2.3)
18
(
0.7)
515
(
4.4)

Chile
.................................................
420
(
3.7)
435
(
7.0)
431
(
3.7)
428
(
5.6)
435
(
5.2)
449
(
4.8)
441
(
4.7)
17
(
0.7)
415
(
4.9)
53
(
0.8)
431
(
4.7)
30
(
1.0)
417
(
5.4)

Chinese
Taipei
.................................
569
(
4.4)
538
(
3.0)
550
(
3.3)
552
(
3.9)
563
(
4.3)
567
(
4.0)
540
(
4.9)
38
(
1.3)
530
(
5.7)
42
(
0.9)
588
(
4.4)
20
(
0.9)
607
(
4.7)

Cyprus
..............................................
460
(
2.4)
459
(
5.4)
468
(
3.8)
459
(
2.9)
470
(
3.4)
475
(
4.3)
467
(
4.6)
18
(
0.7)
425
(
6.6)
57
(
0.9)
474
(
3.1)
25
(
1.0)
461
(
5.0)

Czech
Republic
................................
539
(
4.2)
533
(
6.9)
544
(
4.1)
526
(
4.2)
512
(
5.2)
516
(
5.7)
522
(
5.7)
18
(
1.1)
529
(
7.0)
62
(
1.2)
546
(
4.5)
20
(
1.1)
530
(
5.0)

England
............................................
538
(
4.8)
525
(
3.9)
533
(
6.2)
528
(
4.5)
524
(
5.5)
518
(
5.8)
538
(
5.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finland
..............................................
535
(
3.5)
520
(
5.5)
520
(
4.0)
520
(
4.4)
535
(
4.5)
514
(
7.1)
528
(
4.0)
8
(
0.8)
514
(
9.7)
84
(
0.9)
541
(
3.5)
8
(
0.6)
511
(
10.8)

Hong
Kong
.......................................
530
(
3.7)
506
(
4.3)
516
(
5.5)
523
(
4.9)
515
(
5.2)
518
(
4.9)
531
(
2.8)
39
(
1.3)
513
(
4.2)
48
(
1.0)
543
(
4.0)
13
(
0.6)
539
(
6.6)

Hungary
............................................
552
(
3.7)
560
(
3.9)
535
(
4.0)
543
(
4.3)
548
(
4.7)
501
(
6.6)
526
(
5.9)
6
(
0.6)
505
(
8.6)
49
(
1.2)
558
(
4.0)
45
(
1.3)
554
(
4.0)

Indonesia
..........................................
435
(
4.5)
431
(
6.4)
448
(
3.6)
452
(
5.5)
425
(
3.9)
489
(
4.8)
446
(
4.3)
13
(
0.8)
432
(
6.7)
40
(
0.9)
442
(
4.9)
47
(
1.1)
435
(
5.9)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
.......................
448
(
3.8)
459
(
5.2)
437
(
3.7)
445
(
5.7)
487
(
4.1)
470
(
5.5)
446
(
5.3)
3
(
0.3)
432
(
16.0)
29
(
1.0)
453
(
4.1)
68
(
1.1)
451
(
4.6)

Israel
2
..............................................
468
(
4.9)
472
(
5.2)
463
(
4.0)
484
(
5.3)
479
(
4.7)
458
(
4.0)
476
(
8.3)
17
(
0.8)
449
(
7.8)
60
(
1.1)
487
(
4.6)
23
(
1.1)
450
(
6.5)

Italy
...................................................
493
(
3.9)
502
(
5.9)
488
(
4.6)
480
(
4.1)
493
(
4.8)
491
(
5.4)
489
(
4.6)
7
(
0.7)
435
(
8.6)
48
(
1.4)
501
(
4.3)
45
(
1.4)
498
(
4.3)

Japan
...............................................
550
(
2.2)
533
(
6.2)
534
(
5.4)
544
(
2.9)
530
(
3.1)
506
(
5.5)
543
(
2.8)
39
(
1.4)
535
(
3.2)
50
(
1.2)
560
(
2.3)
12
(
0.7)
555
(
7.5)

Jordan
..............................................
450
(
3.8)
446
(
3.5)
448
(
4.1)
459
(
3.6)
483
(
5.5)
476
(
6.0)
440
(
5.5)
7
(
0.5)
396
(
9.2)
37
(
1.0)
466
(
5.0)
56
(
1.1)
465
(
3.7)

Korea
................................................
549
(
2.6)
532
(
2.7)
528
(
3.6)
544
(
5.1)
523
(
3.7)
523
(
4.5)
545
(
7.3)
45
(
0.8)
527
(
2.9)
42
(
0.7)
564
(
3.1)
13
(
0.6)
578
(
4.6)

Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
2
503
(
4.8)
495
(
5.4)
509
(
3.9)
495
(
3.9)
490
(
3.7)
493
(
5.2)
495
(
4.7)
9
(
0.6)
480
(
9.9)
66
(
1.0)
509
(
5.4)
25
(
1.0)
496
(
6.3)

Lithuania
2
.........................................
488
(
4.1)
476
(
4.4)
494
(
4.6)
510
(
4.3)
485
(
4.6)
458
(
5.1)
483
(
6.4)
10
(
0.9)
456
(
8.2)
66
(
1.2)
493
(
4.8)
25
(
1.2)
494
(
4.9)

Macedonia,
Republic
of
...................
458
(
5.2)
464
(
4.2)
468
(
4.9)
463
(
6.0)
481
(
6.1)
432
(
4.2)
464
(
3.6)
3
(
0.3)
428
(
15.3)
25
(
1.0)
453
(
5.9)
72
(
1.2)
470
(
5.3)

Malaysia
...........................................
492
(
4.4)
491
(
4.2)
479
(
5.4)
494
(
4.1)
485
(
3.5)
502
(
4.4)
488
(
4.5)
4
(
0.3)
460
(
10.6)
36
(
1.1)
493
(
5.1)
60
(
1.2)
495
(
4.9)

Moldova
............................................
459
(
4.0)
466
(
4.2)
477
(
3.9)
457
(
5.5)
451
(
5.6)
444
(
6.2)
471
(
3.8)
7
(
0.6)
439
(
10.8)
29
(
1.0)
460
(
5.8)
63
(
1.2)
467
(
4.2)

Morocco
...........................................
323
(
4.3)
363
(
3.3)
347
(
2.8)
352
(
4.2)
372
(
4.8)
396
(
5.1)
391
(
4.2)
14
(
0.8)
323
(
12.4)
35
(
1.2)
330
(
4.9)
51
(
1.7)
335
(
6.4)

Netherlands
......................................
545
(
6.9)
534
(
7.2)
536
(
7.2)
537
(
6.5)
515
(
6.4)
526
(
8.5)
534
(
6.5)
6
(
0.8)
530
(
11.6)
80
(
1.5)
555
(
6.4)
15
(
1.3)
507
(
12.9)

New
Zealand
....................................
510
(
4.9)
504
(
5.8)
501
(
5.6)
499
(
4.7)
503
(
4.9)
503
(
5.2)
521
(
6.8)
18
(
1.1)
472
(
6.8)
66
(
1.2)
528
(
4.8)
15
(
1.0)
491
(
7.7)

Philippines
........................................
345
(
7.5)
390
(
5.0)
378
(
5.7)
393
(
6.3)
394
(
6.5)
391
(
7.6)
403
(
5.5)
5
(
0.4)
294
(
14.4)
41
(
0.8)
365
(
9.7)
54
(
0.9)
348
(
7.7)

Romania
...........................................
472
(
5.8)
475
(
5.5)
475
(
6.0)
465
(
6.8)
481
(
6.1)
473
(
6.6)
456
(
5.5)
16
(
0.9)
451
(
8.4)
36
(
1.0)
479
(
7.8)
48
(
1.3)
484
(
5.6)

Russian
Federation
..........................
529
(
6.4)
529
(
5.1)
517
(
6.5)
529
(
6.3)
523
(
8.0)
495
(
6.6)
491
(
4.9)
5
(
0.4)
494
(
8.4)
34
(
1.3)
534
(
7.1)
61
(
1.3)
536
(
6.4)

Singapore
.........................................
568
(
8.0)
521
(
7.3)
541
(
7.2)
570
(
6.7)
545
(
8.3)
577
(
8.3)
550
(
5.9)
7
(
0.6)
507
(
13.2)
38
(
1.1)
573
(
9.9)
55
(
1.2)
573
(
7.1)

Slovak
Republic
...............................
535
(
3.3)
537
(
4.3)
535
(
6.2)
518
(
4.1)
525
(
4.9)
512
(
4.5)
507
(
3.9)
8
(
0.7)
521
(
7.5)
67
(
1.2)
539
(
3.7)
25
(
1.2)
532
(
4.8)

Slovenia
...........................................
533
(
3.2)
541
(
4.3)
521
(
3.9)
525
(
4.4)
509
(
5.4)
519
(
3.4)
513
(
4.3)
10
(
0.8)
526
(
6.7)
52
(
1.1)
546
(
3.7)
38
(
1.1)
521
(
4.2)

South
Africa
.....................................
243
(
7.8)
348
(
4.8)
289
(
7.3)
308
(
6.7)
350
(
4.0)
350
(
8.5)
329
(
6.4)
15
(
1.8)
211
(
14.0)
39
(
1.1)
269
(
11.1)
47
(
1.3)
237
(
8.7)

Thailand
...........................................
482
(
4.0)
470
(
3.9)
508
(
4.5)
475
(
4.2)
439
(
4.3)
507
(
3.0)
462
(
4.2)
8
(
0.5)
455
(
4.8)
50
(
1.1)
480
(
4.8)
42
(
1.2)
493
(
5.2)

Tunisia
..............................................
430
(
3.4)
442
(
2.7)
441
(
5.0)
425
(
6.3)
439
(
3.7)
462
(
5.0)
451
(
3.4)
13
(
0.8)
438
(
8.2)
39
(
0.9)
434
(
5.3)
48
(
1.0)
425
(
2.8)

Turkey
..............................................
433
(
4.3)
435
(
4.6)
444
(
4.5)
441
(
4.0)
437
(
5.0)
461
(
3.6)
445
(
6.3)
6
(
0.5)
409
(
12.9)
44
(
0.9)
433
(
4.0)
51
(
1.2)
444
(
4.4)

United
States
....................................
515
(
4.6)
504
(
4.2)
520
(
4.1)
498
(
5.5)
508
(
4.8)
509
(
6.4)
522
(
4.3)
24
(
1.4)
495
(
6.4)
60
(
1.3)
532
(
4.6)
16
(
0.8)
502
(
5.9)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.

2
Countries
not
meeting
all
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement's
sampling
specifications
NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
Because
results
are
rounded
to
the
nearest
whole
number
some
totals
may
appear
inconsistent.
SOURCE:
InternatThird
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
1999,
International
Science
Report,
by
Michael
O.
Martin
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)
474
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
402.
 
Instructional
practices
and
time
spent
teaching
science
in
eighth
grade,
by
country:
1999
Country
Percent
of
students
reporting
almost
always
or
pretty
often
Number
of
hours
science
is
taught
weekly
We
discuss
our
complete
homework
Teacher
shows
us
how
to
do
science
We
work
on
worksheets
or
textbooks
on
our
own
We
work
on
science
projects
We
begin
our
homework
Less
than
2
hours
At
least
2,
but
less
than
3.5
hours
At
least
3.5,
but
less
than
5
hours
5
hours
or
more
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Australia
1
.........................................
48
(
1.6)
73
(
1.4)
75
(
1.2)
51
(
1.6)
40
(
1.5)
6
(
1.8)
523
(
15.2)
64
(
3.9)
535
(
5.5)
28
(
3.5)
555
(
8.2)
3
(
1.2)
526
(
16.0)

Canada
2
...........................................
56
(
1.4)
74
(
1.2)
76
(
1.1)
62
(
1.5)
68
(
1.8)
7
(
1.6)
501
(
9.0)
71
(
3.5)
536
(
3.3)
17
(
3.2)
549
(
6.6)
5
(
1.5)
520
(
8.7)

Chile
.................................................
50
(
1.1)
84
(
0.9)
51
(
1.0)
72
(
1.2)
57
(
1.1)
4
(
1.5)
419
(
9.9)
93
(
1.9)
422
(
4.2)
2
(
1.2)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
394
 
Chinese
Taipei
3
...............................
50
(
1.4)
88
(
0.7)
61
(
1.3)
52
(
1.3)
29
(
0.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cyprus
2
............................................
76
(
0.9)
86
(
0.9)
66
(
1.0)
52
(
1.1)
47
(
1.2)
72
(
3.7)
462
(
3.3)
28
(
3.7)
463
(
5.5)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
England
2
..........................................
53
(
1.6)
87
(
0.9)
63
(
2.1)
55
(
1.6)
28
(
1.3)
7
2.1
582
(
19.4)
72
(
4.3)
532
(
6.2)
17
(
4.0)
568
(
16.9)
4
(
1.6)
668
(
21.8)

Hong
Kong,
SAR
..............................
33
(
1.0)
86
(
0.8)
54
(
1.1)
43
(
1.1)
34
(
1.1)
4
(
1.7)
525
(
22.7)
79
(
3.9)
532
(
4.3)
7
(
2.3)
551
(
9.4)
10
(
2.8)
514
(
14.2)

Indonesia
4
........................................
46
(
1.1)
87
(
0.8)
48
(
1.7)
76
(
1.1)
11
(
0.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Iran,
Islamic
Republic
.......................
49
(
1.0)
89
(
0.7)
43
(
1.1)
38
(
1.3)
33
(
1.1)
29
(
4.3)
455
(
6.8)
54
(
4.6)
445
(
6.4)
9
(
2.5)
458
(
11.5)
8
(
2.3)
454
(
9.9)

Israel
1
...............................................
63
(
1.2)
62
(
1.3)
67
(
1.5)
49
(
1.5)
55
(
1.5)
23
(
3.2)
460
(
11.6)
68
(
3.7)
472
(
6.9)
9
(
2.5)
467
(
23.8)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Italy
...................................................
49
(
1.4)
56
(
1.5)
38
(
1.3)
35
(
1.7)
30
(
1.6)
27
(
3.5)
498
(
5.8)
71
(
3.7)
490
(
5.0)
1
(
0.9)
 
 
1
(
0.8)
 
 
Japan
................................................
10
(
0.8)
74
(
1.1)
29
(
1.3)
21
(
0.8)
7
(
0.6)
4
(
1.3)
599
(
14.2)
96
(
1.3)
547
(
2.4)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Jordan
...............................................
71
(
1.2)
91
(
0.8)
50
(
1.2)
55
(
1.4)
57
(
1.0)
1
(
0.0)
 
 
25
(
3.6)
458
(
9.4)
63
(
4.1)
449
(
4.8)
11
(
2.8)
441
(
15.2)

Korea
................................................
14
(
0.8)
73
(
1.1)
27
(
0.8)
36
(
1.0)
12
(
0.6)
10
(
1.9)
546
(
4.7)
84
(
2.6)
550
(
2.8)
4
(
1.7)
531
(
8.6)
1
(
0.8)
 
 
Malaysia
...........................................
51
(
1.0)
89
(
0.6)
56
(
1.2)
41
(
1.5)
45
(
1.3)
1
(
0.9)
 
 
96
(
1.8)
493
(
4.6)
3
(
1.5)
497
(
26.7)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
New
Zealand
....................................
53
(
1.4)
81
(
1.0)
70
(
1.6)
57
(
1.6)
35
(
1.8)
2
(
1.0)
 
 
55
(
4.1)
508
(
6.5)
41
(
4.0)
516
(
8.9)
2
(
1.0)
 
 
Philippines
........................................
77
(
0.7)
86
(
0.8)
64
(
0.8)
64
(
1.1)
51
(
1.0)
4
(
1.4)
368
(
35.3)
2
(
1.3)
 
 
2
(
1.3)
 
 
92
(
2.4)
347
(
7.8)

Singapore
.........................................
58
(
0.9)
85
(
0.9)
75
(
0.9)
39
(
1.5)
44
(
1.6)
5
(
1.9)
497
(
38.7)
42
(
4.2)
550
(
14.1)
50
(
4.2)
586
(
8.6)
4
(
1.4)
608
(
28.0)

South
Africa
......................................
71
(
0.7)
84
(
1.1)
68
(
0.9)
66
(
1.4)
67
(
1.1)
26
(
3.9)
235
(
15.5)
33
(
4.3)
256
(
17.4)
33
(
4.2)
251
(
18.9)
8
(
2.4)
259
(
31.6)

Thailand
1
..........................................
36
(
1.2)
75
(
1.2)
56
(
1.1)
42
(
1.7)
81
(
0.8)
1
(
1.0)
 
 
76
(
4.2)
491
(
5.5)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
23
(
4.1)
461
(
10.8)

Tunisia
..............................................
54
(
1.2)
79
(
0.8)
44
(
1.2)
69
(
0.9)
29
(
1.0)
63
(
4.1)
432
(
4.2)
36
(
4.1)
425
(
4.3)
1
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Turkey
...............................................
32
(
1.0)
90
(
0.7)
38
(
1.0)
29
(
1.0)
22
(
1.2)
12
(
2.8)
439
(
12.4)
82
(
3.0)
432
(
4.3)
1
(
0.7)
 
 
4
(
1.4)
416
(
17.8)

United
States
1
..................................
63
(
1.9)
69
(
1.4)
76
(
1.5)
59
(
1.3)
57
(
2.0)
11
(
2.3)
521
(
18.3)
16
(
2.3)
533
(
11.4)
61
(
3.0)
523
(
5.0)
13
(
2.0)
490
(
8.0)

 
Not
available.

1
Teacher
response
data
on
hours
taught
weekly
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.

2
Teacher
response
data
on
hours
taught
weekly
available
for
50
to
69
percent
of
students.

3
Students
were
asked
about
``
natural
science;''
data
pertain
to
grade
8
physics/
chemistry
4
Students
were
asked
about
``
IPA
science;''
data
pertain
to
the
composite
course
taught
by
biology
and
physics
teachers
NOTE:
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
In
the
23
countries
shown
science
is
taught
as
a
single
subject.
In
other
countries
separate
courses
are
offered
in
the
different
science
subjects
(
earth
science,
biology,
physics,
and
chemistry).
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
1999,
International
Science
Report,
by
Michael
O.
Martin
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
475
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
403.
 
Average
size
of
8th­
grade
mathematics
classes,
and
frequency
teachers
assign
mathematics
homework,
by
country:
1999
Country
Overall
average
class
size
Percent
distribution
of
mathematics
classes,
by
average
size
Percent
of
students,
by
frequency
and
average
length
of
mathematics
assignments
1
to
20
students
21
to
35
students
36
or
more
students
Never
assigning
homework
Assigning
homework
less
than
once
a
week
Assigning
homework
once
or
twice
a
week
Assigning
homework
3
or
more
times
a
week
30
minutes
or
less
More
than
30
minutes
30
minutes
or
less
More
than
30
minutes
30
minutes
or
less
More
than
30
minutes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Australia
...........................................
27
(
0.3)
9
(
2.4)
91
(
2.4)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.6)
2
(
1.1)
1
(
0.9)
25
(
3.6)
6
(
2.0)
60
(
3.9)
6
(
2.0)
Belgium
(
Flemish)
............................
19
(
0.4)
58
(
3.5)
42
(
3.5)
0
(
0.0)
5
(
3.2)
18
(
3.3)
3
(
1.2)
48
(
4.9)
9
(
2.0)
15
(
2.7)
2
(
0.9)
Bulgaria
............................................
22
(
0.6)
35
(
4.4)
63
(
4.8)
2
(
1.3)
1
(
1.0)
1
(
0.6)
1
(
0.5)
16
(
3.5)
6
(
1.7)
31
(
4.5)
44
(
5.6)
Canada
.............................................
27
(
0.3)
11
(
2.1)
87
(
2.3)
2
(
1.0)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.7)
0
(
0.0)
22
(
2.8)
3
(
1.5)
58
(
3.5)
16
(
2.6)
Chile
.................................................
34
(
0.6)
6
(
1.5)
48
(
4.3)
46
(
4.1)
4
(
1.7)
19
(
2.9)
2
(
1.0)
39
(
3.9)
13
(
2.8)
16
(
2.6)
7
(
2.2)

Chinese
Taipei
.................................
39
(
0.5)
0
(
0.0)
14
(
2.9)
86
(
3.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.1)
2
(
1.1)
27
(
3.4)
23
(
3.4)
21
(
3.1)
25
(
3.6)
Cyprus
1
............................................
29
(
0.2)
0
(
0.2)
100
(
0.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
0.1)
0
(
0.0)
55
(
5.1)
44
(
4.9)
Czech
Republic
1
..............................
24
(
0.4)
18
(
4.2)
82
(
4.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
13
(
3.8)
0
(
0.0)
69
(
5.1)
2
(
1.3)
15
(
3.7)
0
(
0.2)
England
............................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0
(
0.0)
2
(
0.8)
1
(
0.3)
48
(
3.9)
46
(
4.1)
3
(
1.4)
1
(
0.6)
Finland
..............................................
19
(
0.3)
66
(
3.7)
34
(
3.7)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
11
(
2.2)
1
(
0.8)
79
(
3.0)
9
(
2.3)

Hong
Kong,
SAR
..............................
37
(
0.5)
7
(
1.8)
15
(
3.0)
78
(
3.4)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.2)
1
(
0.0)
26
(
3.1)
23
(
3.7)
30
(
4.0)
19
(
3.1)
Hungary
............................................
21
(
0.5)
48
(
4.2)
51
(
4.1)
1
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.0)
1
(
0.0)
81
(
2.9)
17
(
3.0)
Indonesia
1
........................................
45
(
0.9)
1
(
0.3)
10
(
2.3)
89
(
2.4)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.8)
15
(
3.2)
25
(
4.2)
23
(
4.1)
36
(
4.2)
Iran,
Islamic
Republic
2
....................
33
(
0.5)
5
(
1.6)
57
(
4.2)
38
(
4.2)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.0)
2
(
0.9)
6
(
1.9)
67
(
4.5)
2
(
1.5)
23
(
4.0)
Israel
1
..............................................
26
(
0.7)
31
(
3.2)
50
(
4.0)
19
(
3.3)
1
(
0.9)
1
(
0.5)
1
(
0.3)
6
(
1.8)
2
(
1.0)
35
(
3.6)
53
(
3.4)

Italy
...................................................
20
(
0.3)
55
(
3.9)
44
(
3.9)
1
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
5
(
1.7)
12
(
2.5)
15
(
2.6)
68
(
3.8)
Japan
................................................
36
(
0.2)
1
(
0.0)
41
(
3.4)
58
(
3.3)
9
(
2.3)
34
(
4.3)
6
(
2.0)
27
(
4.0)
8
(
2.1)
14
(
2.7)
3
(
1.4)
Jordan
..............................................
36
(
0.7)
4
(
1.3)
43
(
3.4)
53
(
3.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
8
(
2.4)
4
(
1.2)
61
(
4.0)
28
(
3.7)
Korea
................................................
42
(
0.5)
0
(
0.0)
12
(
2.2)
88
(
2.2)
2
(
0.7)
14
(
2.6)
6
(
2.0)
29
(
3.4)
15
(
2.7)
24
(
3.3)
9
(
2.3)
Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
1
22
(
0.5)
45
(
4.2)
55
(
4.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.4)
0
(
0.0)
7
(
2.5)
1
(
0.9)
70
(
3.9)
20
(
3.7)

Lithuania
...........................................
23
(
0.3)
32
(
2.8)
68
(
2.8)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.5)
1
(
0.6)
73
(
4.0)
24
(
3.6)
Macedonia,
Republic
of
...................
28
(
0.4)
10
(
2.5)
84
(
3.4)
6
(
2.2)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.6)
0
(
0.0)
16
(
3.1)
4
(
1.7)
44
(
4.3)
36
(
4.4)
Malaysia
...........................................
38
(
0.6)
1
(
0.0)
26
(
3.7)
73
(
3.6)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
3
(
1.5)
6
(
2.0)
24
(
3.5)
66
(
3.9)
Moldova
1
..........................................
26
(
0.4)
15
(
3.0)
83
(
3.3)
2
(
1.6)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.3)
2
(
1.2)
4
(
2.1)
38
(
4.3)
54
(
4.2)
Morocco
1
.........................................
33
(
0.8)
12
(
2.4)
49
(
3.4)
39
(
3.6)
1
(
0.4)
11
(
1.8)
40
(
3.5)
8
(
1.5)
9
(
2.1)
21
(
2.6)
11
(
1.9)

Netherlands
1
....................................
25
(
0.5)
13
(
4.1)
87
(
4.1)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.6)
1
(
0.6)
0
(
0.0)
13
(
3.3)
3
(
1.3)
73
(
4.4)
9
(
2.6)
New
Zealand
....................................
25
(
0.4)
17
(
2.9)
82
(
2.8)
1
(
0.0)
1
(
0.8)
2
(
1.1)
0
(
0.0)
32
(
3.5)
3
(
1.2)
58
(
3.9)
2
(
1.4)
Philippines
1
......................................
50
(
0.6)
0
(
0.0)
5
(
1.5)
95
(
1.5)
0
(
0.0)
2
(
1.1)
0
(
0.0)
10
(
2.6)
0
(
0.0)
74
(
3.2)
14
(
3.0)
Romania
...........................................
24
(
0.4)
30
(
2.9)
65
(
3.2)
5
(
1.9)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
1
(
0.5)
1
(
1.0)
4
(
1.2)
21
(
3.7)
73
(
3.9)
Russian
Federation
..........................
24
(
0.5)
19
(
3.2)
81
(
3.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.5)
0
(
0.0)
42
(
4.5)
57
(
4.6)

Singapore
.........................................
37
(
0.3)
1
(
0.4)
32
(
3.8)
68
(
3.8)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
8
(
2.1)
12
(
2.4)
26
(
4.2)
54
(
4.3)
Slovak
Republic
...............................
25
(
0.4)
15
(
2.6)
85
(
2.6)
0
(
0.2)
1
(
0.0)
3
(
1.8)
0
(
0.0)
12
(
3.2)
1
(
0.0)
81
(
3.5)
2
(
1.5)
Slovenia
............................................
22
(
0.3)
29
(
3.2)
71
(
3.2)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
3
(
1.5)
0
(
0.0)
79
(
3.1)
17
(
2.8)
South
Africa
1
...................................
50
(
1.4)
2
(
0.8)
14
(
2.6)
85
(
2.7)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
10
(
2.6)
4
(
1.4)
64
(
4.1)
22
(
3.2)
Thailand
1
.........................................
42
(
0.9)
3
(
1.0)
23
(
3.9)
75
(
3.7)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
0
(
0.0)
4
(
1.5)
16
(
3.3)
23
(
3.6)
57
(
4.4)

Tunisia
..............................................
34
(
0.4)
3
(
1.5)
56
(
3.9)
42
(
4.1)
2
(
1.3)
3
(
1.5)
26
(
3.6)
3
(
1.2)
8
(
2.3)
35
(
4.2)
24
(
3.9)
Turkey
3
............................................
43
(
1.3)
2
(
1.1)
28
(
3.9)
70
(
3.9)
0
(
0.0)
4
(
1.4)
0
(
0.3)
35
(
4.1)
39
(
4.3)
10
(
2.4)
12
(
2.4)
United
States
1
.................................
26
(
0.7)
21
(
2.6)
73
(
3.0)
6
(
1.4)
1
(
0.7)
1
(
0.7)
0
(
0.0)
7
(
1.6)
1
(
0.6)
63
(
2.8)
27
(
2.4)

 
Not
available.
1
Teacher
response
data
on
class
size
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.
2
Teacher
response
data
on
mathematics
assignments
available
for
50
to
69
percent
of
students.
3
Teacher
response
data
on
class
size
available
for
50
to
69
percent
of
students.

NOTE:
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1999,
TIMSS
1999
International
Mathematics
Report,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
476
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
404.
 
Eighth­
grade
students'
perceptions
about
mathematics
and
hours
spent
on
leisure
activities,
by
country:
1999
Country
Students
reporting
that
mathematics
is
not
one
of
their
strengths
Average
hours
each
day
1
Strongly
disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
agree
Watching
TV
or
videos
Playing
or
talking
with
friends
Doing
jobs
at
home
Playing
sports
Reading
for
enjoyment
Playing
computer
games
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Australia
...........................................
18
(
1.1)
573
(
5.8)
36
(
1.0)
546
(
5.3)
28
(
0.9)
499
(
5.2)
17
(
0.8)
478
(
5.4)
2.3
(
0.05)
1.5
(
0.03)
0.9
(
0.03)
1.6
(
0.03)
0.6
(
0.02)
0.8
(
0.05)

Belgium
(
Flemish)
............................
17
(
0.8)
598
(
5.4)
30
(
0.9)
581
(
4.8)
31
(
1.0)
540
(
4.5)
21
(
0.9)
526
(
4.0)
2.1
(
0.04)
1.8
(
0.05)
1.0
(
0.04)
1.8
(
0.07)
0.6
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.04)

Bulgaria
............................................
18
(
1.9)
560
(
10.6)
26
(
1.2)
541
(
6.3)
30
(
1.4)
494
(
4.9)
25
(
1.5)
476
(
5.1)
2.8
(
0.05)
2.6
(
0.06)
1.9
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.05)
1.0
(
0.03)
0.8
(
0.05)

Canada
.............................................
26
(
1.2)
577
(
3.2)
31
(
0.7)
542
(
3.0)
26
(
1.0)
502
(
4.7)
17
(
0.8)
485
(
3.4)
2.2
(
0.03)
2.1
(
0.04)
1.1
(
0.03)
1.9
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.04)
0.8
(
0.03)

Chile
.................................................
15
(
0.6)
444
(
8.7)
27
(
0.7)
408
(
4.7)
35
(
0.7)
382
(
4.7)
23
(
0.7)
367
(
5.5)
2.7
(
0.05)
1.9
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.03)
2.0
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.02)
0.6
(
0.05)

Chinese
Taipei
.................................
16
(
0.6)
646
(
6.1)
28
(
0.7)
623
(
4.3)
34
(
0.7)
564
(
4.5)
23
(
0.7)
533
(
3.9)
2.0
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.03)
1.0
(
0.02)
1.2
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.04)

Cyprus
..............................................
23
(
1.0)
525
(
4.3)
34
(
0.8)
492
(
2.8)
27
(
0.9)
445
(
2.9)
16
(
0.6)
438
(
4.3)
2.2
(
0.04)
1.8
(
0.04)
0.9
(
0.03)
1.4
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.02)
1.0
(
0.04)

Czech
Republic
................................
12
(
0.9)
567
(
6.9)
35
(
1.2)
541
(
5.0)
36
(
1.1)
500
(
4.7)
16
(
0.9)
486
(
5.8)
2.3
(
0.05)
3.0
(
0.07)
1.2
(
0.03)
2.0
(
0.05)
1.0
(
0.04)
0.9
(
0.05)

England
............................................
19
(
0.9)
539
(
6.9)
40
(
1.2)
512
(
4.5)
28
(
1.2)
471
(
4.8)
13
(
0.8)
458
(
6.3)
2.6
(
0.05)
2.5
(
0.08)
0.8
(
0.02)
1.6
(
0.04)
0.6
(
0.02)
1.2
(
0.05)

Finland
.............................................
17
(
0.8)
570
(
4.4)
34
(
1.0)
543
(
3.8)
31
(
1.1)
498
(
2.6)
18
(
1.0)
474
(
3.7)
2.5
(
0.04)
3.2
(
0.07)
0.9
(
0.02)
1.6
(
0.04)
0.8
(
0.02)
1.1
(
0.04)

Hong
Kong
.......................................
11
(
0.5)
619
(
5.5)
31
(
0.8)
606
(
3.9)
39
(
0.7)
573
(
4.4)
20
(
0.8)
549
(
5.0)
2.4
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.04)
0.6
(
0.01)
1.0
(
0.03)
0.8
(
0.02)
1.0
(
0.04)

Hungary
............................................
15
(
0.7)
598
(
5.7)
34
(
1.1)
552
(
4.7)
40
(
1.1)
503
(
3.7)
11
(
0.7)
493
(
5.9)
2.7
(
0.05)
2.0
(
0.05)
1.6
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.04)
0.8
(
0.02)
1.0
(
0.05)

Indonesia
..........................................
6
(
0.4)
411
(
10.6)
31
(
0.8)
418
(
5.2)
53
(
1.0)
404
(
4.6)
10
(
0.5)
359
(
10.7)
1.7
(
0.05)
1.1
(
0.02)
1.9
(
0.03)
1.0
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.02)
0.2
(
0.05)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
......................
26
(
1.0)
459
(
4.6)
35
(
0.7)
426
(
3.3)
25
(
0.9)
404
(
4.5)
14
(
0.6)
397
(
5.2)
1.8
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.04)
1.7
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.06)
0.9
(
0.02)
0.3
(
0.04)

Israel
................................................
29
(
1.0)
508
(
4.2)
32
(
0.8)
483
(
4.5)
25
(
0.8)
438
(
4.0)
14
(
0.7)
418
(
6.3)
3.1
(
0.05)
2.4
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.05)
1.8
(
0.05)
1.0
(
0.03)
1.5
(
0.05)

Italy
...................................................
22
(
0.9)
529
(
5.6)
32
(
0.9)
495
(
3.6)
27
(
0.8)
456
(
4.9)
18
(
0.9)
435
(
5.0)
1.8
(
0.03)
2.7
(
0.05)
1.1
(
0.03)
1.7
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.02)
1.0
(
0.03)

Japan
...............................................
12
(
0.5)
602
(
4.9)
29
(
0.7)
598
(
2.7)
38
(
0.6)
576
(
2.7)
21
(
0.7)
545
(
3.3)
3.1
(
0.05)
1.8
(
0.04)
0.5
(
0.02)
1.1
(
0.03)
0.8
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.05)

Jordan
2
............................................
27
(
1.1)
491
(
5.4)
29
(
0.9)
446
(
4.3)
26
(
0.9)
401
(
4.3)
17
(
0.8)
386
(
4.8)
1.7
(
0.04)
1.1
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.05)
1.4
(
0.05)
1.4
(
0.04)
0.8
(
0.04)

Korea
................................................
10
(
0.5)
648
(
3.9)
33
(
0.7)
621
(
3.0)
41
(
0.8)
564
(
2.7)
15
(
0.5)
536
(
3.6)
2.9
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.03)
0.6
(
0.01)
0.6
(
0.02)
0.6
(
0.01)
0.8
(
0.04)

Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
...
10
(
0.7)
572
(
6.2)
28
(
1.1)
534
(
4.9)
41
(
1.0)
487
(
3.8)
20
(
0.9)
470
(
4.3)
2.8
(
0.05)
2.6
(
0.06)
1.7
(
0.03)
1.3
(
0.03)
0.9
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.05)

Lithuania
...........................................
11
(
0.8)
536
(
7.0)
35
(
1.4)
508
(
5.1)
42
(
1.4)
461
(
3.9)
12
(
0.9)
436
(
6.6)
2.4
(
0.05)
2.4
(
0.06)
1.6
(
0.05)
1.0
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.02)
0.6
(
0.05)

Macedonia,
Republic
of
...................
13
(
0.6)
501
(
7.2)
27
(
0.9)
474
(
5.3)
37
(
1.0)
441
(
5.4)
24
(
1.1)
423
(
4.9)
2.2
(
0.05)
1.8
(
0.05)
1.9
(
0.04)
1.8
(
0.05)
1.2
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.05)

Malaysia
...........................................
23
(
0.9)
544
(
5.4)
45
(
0.9)
525
(
4.6)
27
(
1.0)
497
(
5.1)
5
(
0.3)
481
(
6.6)
1.9
(
0.05)
1.2
(
0.03)
1.8
(
0.03)
1.1
(
0.02)
1.1
(
0.02)
0.5
(
0.05)

Moldova
............................................
17
(
1.0)
506
(
6.0)
44
(
1.2)
477
(
4.6)
29
(
1.0)
455
(
5.5)
10
(
0.7)
440
(
6.9)
2.6
(
0.07)
1.9
(
0.06)
3.2
(
0.09)
1.4
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.04)
1.0
(
0.07)

Morocco
3
.........................................
18
(
0.7)
378
(
6.1)
32
(
1.2)
350
(
5.9)
28
(
0.9)
324
(
4.2)
22
(
0.7)
320
(
6.0)
1.1
(
0.03)
0.9
(
0.03)
1.5
(
0.03)
1.5
(
0.04)
1.4
(
0.05)
0.7
(
0.03)

Netherlands
......................................
16
(
0.8)
570
(
7.4)
28
(
1.4)
557
(
7.9)
36
(
1.5)
529
(
8.2)
20
(
1.0)
515
(
9.2)
2.4
(
0.10)
2.6
(
0.09)
0.8
(
0.04)
1.8
(
0.06)
0.7
(
0.04)
0.9
(
0.10)

New
Zealand
....................................
16
(
0.8)
548
(
6.7)
36
(
1.1)
518
(
5.4)
32
(
0.9)
466
(
4.7)
15
(
0.8)
436
(
5.1)
2.5
(
0.05)
1.6
(
0.04)
1.0
(
0.03)
1.5
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.05)

Philippines
........................................
14
(
0.5)
374
(
9.6)
37
(
1.1)
368
(
6.9)
31
(
0.8)
337
(
5.7)
17
(
0.8)
309
(
6.1)
1.7
(
0.04)
1.2
(
0.03)
2.4
(
0.05)
1.6
(
0.04)
1.6
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.04)

Romania
...........................................
11
(
0.7)
517
(
6.2)
26
(
1.1)
498
(
6.5)
44
(
1.3)
466
(
6.3)
19
(
1.0)
450
(
7.1)
2.2
(
0.06)
1.6
(
0.05)
2.0
(
0.06)
1.2
(
0.04)
1.0
(
0.03)
0.6
(
0.06)

Russian
Federation
..........................
21
(
0.9)
580
(
5.8)
40
(
0.9)
538
(
5.6)
30
(
1.2)
501
(
7.3)
9
(
0.6)
471
(
10.0)
2.6
(
0.05)
3.0
(
0.05)
1.5
(
0.03)
1.3
(
0.03)
1.2
(
0.03)
0.7
(
0.05)

Singapore
.........................................
16
(
0.7)
631
(
7.3)
37
(
0.7)
614
(
6.1)
33
(
0.8)
593
(
6.4)
13
(
0.6)
575
(
6.9)
2.4
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.04)
0.9
(
0.02)
1.5
(
0.04)
1.0
(
0.02)
1.1
(
0.04)

Slovak
Republic
...............................
12
(
0.7)
586
(
7.8)
34
(
1.1)
554
(
4.4)
40
(
1.2)
516
(
3.9)
14
(
0.8)
498
(
5.6)
2.5
(
0.06)
2.7
(
0.06)
1.6
(
0.05)
1.9
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.02)
0.6
(
0.06)

Slovenia
...........................................
24
(
0.8)
583
(
4.4)
40
(
1.2)
542
(
3.4)
24
(
0.9)
490
(
3.8)
12
(
0.8)
471
(
5.7)
2.3
(
0.05)
1.8
(
0.04)
1.2
(
0.03)
1.6
(
0.04)
0.7
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.05)

South
Africa
.....................................
18
(
0.6)
313
(
8.5)
26
(
1.0)
295
(
12.4)
31
(
0.8)
264
(
6.8)
26
(
0.9)
247
(
5.2)
2.0
(
0.07)
1.5
(
0.04)
2.0
(
0.04)
2.0
(
0.05)
1.8
(
0.05)
0.8
(
0.07)

Thailand
...........................................
7
(
0.4)
515
(
8.5)
34
(
0.9)
490
(
5.2)
46
(
0.9)
454
(
5.3)
13
(
0.5)
435
(
7.5)
2.1
(
0.05)
1.6
(
0.04)
1.6
(
0.02)
1.5
(
0.03)
1.0
(
0.02)
0.4
(
0.05)

Tunisia
..............................................
25
(
0.8)
476
(
3.7)
31
(
0.8)
452
(
3.7)
25
(
0.7)
432
(
5.0)
19
(
0.6)
428
(
3.5)
2.0
(
0.04)
1.3
(
0.03)
1.7
(
0.04)
1.9
(
0.04)
1.4
(
0.03)
0.9
(
0.04)

Turkey
4
............................................
13
(
0.5)
468
(
5.9)
36
(
0.8)
446
(
4.8)
36
(
0.8)
425
(
3.8)
15
(
0.6)
397
(
6.4)
1.6
(
0.04)
1.5
(
0.03)
1.1
(
0.04)
1.4
(
0.03)
1.2
(
0.03)
0.4
(
0.04)

United
States
...................................
26
(
0.8)
547
(
4.6)
33
(
0.6)
517
(
4.5)
24
(
0.6)
478
(
4.4)
18
(
0.7)
455
(
4.3)
2.5
(
0.06)
2.4
(
0.05)
1.1
(
0.03)
1.9
(
0.03)
0.6
(
0.02)
0.9
(
0.06)

1
Average
hours
based
on:
No
time
=
0;
less
than
1
hour
=
.5;
1
 
2
hours
=
1.5;
3
 
5
hours
=
4;
more
than
5
hours
=
7.

2
Student
response
data
on
reading
for
enjoyment
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.

3
Student
response
data
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.

4
Student
response
data
for
playing
computer
games
available
for
70
to
84
percent
of
students.
NOTE:
Data
are
for
8th
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1999,
TIMSS
1999
International
Mathematics
Report,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
2000
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
477
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
405.
 
Average
4th­
grade
mathematics
scores,
1
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
studying
mathematics
out
of
school,
by
country:

1994
 
95
Country
Average
percent
correct
by
content
area
Amount
of
daily
out­
of­
school
study
time
in
mathematics
Overall
mathematics
scores
Whole
numbers
Fractions
and
proportionality
Measurement
estimation,

and
number
sense
Data
representation,

analysis,

and
probability
Geometry
Patterns,
relations,

and
functions
No
time
Less
than
1
hour
1
hour
or
more
Average
hours
2
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Australia
3
..........................
63
(
0.6)
67
(
0.6)
51
(
0.7)
60
(
0.7)
67
(
0.8)
74
(
0.7)
64
(
0.9)
15
(
0.9)
526
(
5.6)
61
(
1.2)
559
(
3.2)
24
(
1.0)
530
(
4.4)
0.8
(
0.02)

Austria
3
.............................
65
(
0.7)
74
(
0.8)
51
(
0.8)
69
(
0.8)
66
(
1.1)
67
(
0.8)
64
(
1.1)
4
(
0.7)
555
(
8.6)
58
(
1.8)
571
(
3.8)
38
(
1.6)
546
(
4.1)
1.0
(
0.03)

Canada
..............................
60
(
1.0)
68
(
0.9)
48
(
1.0)
54
(
1.1)
68
(
1.4)
72
(
1.4)
62
(
1.5)
14
(
1.1)
526
(
4.4)
60
(
1.4)
544
(
4.0)
26
(
1.2)
522
(
5.0)
0.8
(
0.02)

Cyprus
...............................
54
(
0.6)
65
(
0.7)
48
(
0.7)
48
(
0.8)
52
(
0.9)
53
(
0.9)
55
(
1.1)
9
(
0.7)
473
(
6.1)
51
(
1.9)
519
(
3.6)
40
(
1.6)
495
(
3.8)
1.1
(
0.03)

Czech
Republic
.................
66
(
0.6)
75
(
0.6)
53
(
0.8)
68
(
0.7)
67
(
0.9)
71
(
0.7)
67
(
0.9)
9
(
0.9)
547
(
6.6)
69
(
1.2)
576
(
3.6)
22
(
1.1)
560
(
4.3)
0.7
(
0.02)

England
3
...........................
57
(
0.7)
58
(
0.7)
45
(
0.8)
52
(
0.7)
64
(
0.9)
74
(
0.8)
55
(
1.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Greece
..............................
51
(
0.9)
62
(
1.0)
42
(
1.1)
48
(
1.0)
50
(
1.2)
53
(
1.2)
47
(
1.2)
6
(
0.5)
453
(
6.8)
38
(
1.6)
512
(
4.1)
56
(
1.7)
493
(
4.0)
1.6
(
0.04)

Hong
Kong
........................
73
(
0.9)
79
(
0.9)
66
(
1.0)
69
(
0.9)
76
(
1.0)
74
(
0.8)
73
(
1.2)
6
(
0.7)
550
(
7.9)
44
(
1.2)
595
(
4.2)
50
(
1.2)
586
(
4.5)
1.3
(
0.03)

Hungary
3
...........................
64
(
0.8)
76
(
0.7)
49
(
0.9)
64
(
0.9)
60
(
1.0)
66
(
0.8)
69
(
1.1)
5
(
0.7)
543
(
10.8)
58
(
1.3)
563
(
3.9)
37
(
1.4)
533
(
4.2)
1.0
(
0.03)

Iceland
...............................
50
(
0.8)
56
(
0.9)
36
(
1.0)
44
(
0.9)
58
(
1.2)
63
(
1.0)
48
(
1.4)
10
(
0.8)
457
(
4.3)
63
(
1.4)
483
(
3.5)
27
(
1.4)
472
(
3.2)
0.8
(
0.02)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
4
.....
38
(
0.9)
51
(
1.2)
32
(
1.0)
36
(
0.9)
23
(
0.9)
42
(
0.9)
40
(
1.4)
5
(
0.7)
402
(
6.6)
17
(
1.3)
433
(
6.0)
78
(
1.5)
443
(
4.5)
2.3
(
0.07)

Ireland
...............................
63
(
0.8)
70
(
0.8)
58
(
1.0)
56
(
0.9)
69
(
0.9)
66
(
0.8)
64
(
1.0)
7
(
0.6)
516
(
7.1)
70
(
1.3)
565
(
3.2)
23
(
1.2)
530
(
4.9)
0.8
(
0.02)

Israel
3,4
.............................
59
(
1.0)
71
(
1.0)
48
(
1.1)
54
(
1.0)
64
(
1.2)
62
(
1.0)
60
(
1.5)
14
(
1.3)
525
(
6.4)
46
(
2.2)
535
(
4.7)
40
(
1.9)
528
(
4.1)
1.1
(
0.05)

Japan
................................
74
(
0.4)
82
(
0.4)
65
(
0.6)
72
(
0.5)
79
(
0.5)
72
(
0.6)
76
(
0.6)
10
(
0.7)
558
(
4.3)
60
(
1.1)
598
(
2.3)
31
(
1.2)
610
(
3.0)
0.9
(
0.02)

Korea
.................................
76
(
0.4)
88
(
0.3)
65
(
0.5)
72
(
0.5)
80
(
0.6)
72
(
0.6)
83
(
0.7)
14
(
0.8)
593
(
4.2)
44
(
1.1)
610
(
2.5)
42
(
1.2)
621
(
2.3)
1.0
(
0.02)

Kuwait
3
.............................
32
(
0.5)
36
(
0.5)
25
(
0.5)
35
(
0.6)
26
(
0.6)
36
(
0.6)
33
(
1.0)
5
(
0.7)
372
(
5.7)
34
(
1.4)
410
(
3.0)
60
(
1.5)
401
(
2.8)
1.9
(
0.05)

Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
3
.......................
59
(
1.0)
68
(
0.9)
44
(
1.3)
60
(
1.0)
54
(
1.3)
67
(
1.0)
65
(
1.2)
7
(
0.7)
476
(
7.5)
61
(
1.9)
542
(
6.3)
33
(
1.7)
518
(
5.1)
1.0
(
0.03)

Netherlands
3
.....................
69
(
0.7)
75
(
0.8)
60
(
0.9)
70
(
0.8)
75
(
0.9)
71
(
0.8)
65
(
1.1)
47
(
2.7)
593
(
4.3)
39
(
2.3)
578
(
3.6)
14
(
1.5)
541
(
6.1)
0.5
(
0.03)

New
Zealand
.....................
53
(
1.0)
57
(
1.0)
41
(
1.1)
49
(
1.1)
61
(
1.3)
66
(
1.1)
52
(
1.2)
21
(
1.6)
488
(
9.7)
54
(
1.7)
512
(
4.4)
25
(
1.4)
493
(
5.2)
0.8
(
0.03)

Norway
..............................
53
(
0.7)
61
(
0.8)
38
(
0.7)
56
(
0.7)
59
(
0.9)
58
(
0.9)
50
(
1.2)
23
(
1.3)
503
(
4.1)
58
(
1.2)
512
(
3.3)
19
(
1.1)
497
(
5.3)
0.6
(
0.02)

Portugal
.............................
48
(
0.7)
57
(
0.8)
38
(
0.7)
49
(
0.8)
43
(
1.1)
52
(
1.0)
47
(
1.1)
3
(
0.5)
420
(
9.1)
55
(
1.7)
489
(
3.9)
42
(
1.6)
470
(
3.9)
1.3
(
0.03)

Scotland
4
..........................
58
(
0.8)
61
(
0.8)
46
(
1.0)
53
(
0.9)
66
(
1.0)
72
(
0.8)
57
(
1.0)
26
(
1.8)
519
(
7.2)
63
(
2.0)
528
(
3.8)
11
(
1.0)
501
(
8.9)
0.5
(
0.02)

Singapore
..........................
76
(
0.8)
83
(
0.7)
74
(
1.0)
67
(
1.0)
81
(
0.8)
72
(
0.8)
76
(
0.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Slovenia
3
..........................
64
(
0.6)
74
(
0.6)
50
(
0.9)
64
(
0.9)
64
(
1.0)
72
(
0.8)
68
(
0.8)
3
(
0.4)
502
(
11.4)
57
(
1.5)
563
(
3.7)
40
(
1.4)
548
(
3.7)
1.0
(
0.03)

Thailand
3
..........................
50
(
1.1)
58
(
1.3)
44
(
1.0)
44
(
1.0)
56
(
1.5)
53
(
1.2)
50
(
1.3)
17
(
1.3)
470
(
4.3)
44
(
1.6)
496
(
4.5)
39
(
1.8)
489
(
6.1)
1.0
(
0.03)

United
States
....................
63
(
0.6)
71
(
0.7)
51
(
0.8)
53
(
0.6)
73
(
0.9)
71
(
0.7)
66
(
0.9)
8
(
0.5)
516
(
4.4)
60
(
1.1)
561
(
3.1)
32
(
1.1)
528
(
2.9)
1.0
(
0.03)

 
Not
available.

1
Fourth
grade
students
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.

2
Average
hours
based
on:
No
time
=
0;
Less
than
1
hour
=
.5;
1
 
2
hours
=
1.5;
3
 
4
hours
=
3.5;
More
than
4
hours
=
5.

3
Countries
not
meeting
all
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement's
sampling
specifications
4
Indicates
a
70
to
84
percent
student
response
rate
on
question
about
time
spent
studying
mathematics.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Mathematics
Achievement
in
the
Primary
School
Years:
IEA's
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1997,
by
Albert
E.
Beaton
et
al.

Copyright
 
1997
Boston
College,
Chestnut
Hill,
MA.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
1997.)
478
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
406.
 
Average
4th­
grade
science
scores,
1
by
content
areas,
and
average
time
spent
teaching
science
in
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
Country
Science
content
areas
Average
number
of
hours
science
is
taught
weekly
to
science
classes
Overall
science
scores
Earth
science
Life
science
Physical
science
Environmental
issues
and
the
nature
of
science
Less
than
1
hour
1
to
2
hours
2
to
3
hours
More
than
3
hours
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Australia
2,3
........................
66
(
0.5)
61
(
0.6)
72
(
0.5)
63
(
0.7)
63
(
0.8)
35
(
3.9)
556
(
5.0)
55
(
4.0)
568
(
5.9)
5
(
1.5)
562
(
18.1)
5
(
2.1)
562
(
8.4)

Austria
2
.............................
66
(
0.7)
62
(
0.8)
72
(
0.7)
64
(
0.8)
54
(
1.0)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
97
(
1.8)
566
(
3.6)
3
(
1.8)
540
(
30.3)

Canada
..............................
64
(
0.6)
62
(
0.6)
68
(
0.6)
61
(
0.7)
56
(
0.7)
8
(
2.0)
536
(
10.1)
42
(
3.8)
542
(
5.1)
27
(
3.3)
567
(
5.4)
23
(
3.2)
550
(
4.6)

Cyprus
...............................
51
(
0.5)
48
(
0.7)
55
(
0.5)
50
(
0.7)
42
(
1.0)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Czech
Republic
.................
65
(
0.5)
64
(
0.6)
71
(
0.5)
62
(
0.7)
56
(
0.9)
2
(
1.1)
 
 
79
(
3.6)
557
(
3.9)
3
(
1.4)
572
(
6.8)
16
(
3.2)
563
(
7.3)

England
4,5
.........................
63
(
0.6)
61
(
0.6)
68
(
0.6)
60
(
0.8)
56
(
1.0)
6
(
1.7)
540
(
8.7)
27
(
4.1)
548
(
7.5)
44
(
4.8)
556
(
5.9)
23
(
3.8)
550
(
8.2)

Greece
..............................
54
(
0.8)
52
(
0.9)
61
(
0.9)
49
(
0.9)
43
(
1.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hong
Kong
........................
62
(
0.7)
61
(
0.6)
68
(
0.7)
60
(
0.8)
50
(
1.1)
13
(
3.4)
530
(
13.3)
84
(
3.7)
534
(
4.3)
2
(
1.5)
 
 
1
(
0.8)
 
 
Hungary
2
...........................
62
(
0.6)
62
(
0.7)
66
(
0.6)
59
(
0.8)
50
(
0.9)
6
(
2.2)
556
(
13.3)
72
(
4.1)
529
(
3.7)
8
(
3.0)
521
(
8.4)
14
(
3.1)
549
(
10.5)

Iceland
3
............................
55
(
0.7)
55
(
0.7)
60
(
0.8)
52
(
0.7)
47
(
1.2)
17
(
4.1)
513
(
7.3)
41
(
5.6)
504
(
7.7)
30
(
5.1)
499
(
6.5)
12
(
4.3)
523
(
6.8)

Iran,
Islamic
Republic
.......
40
(
0.7)
38
(
0.7)
44
(
0.7)
40
(
0.9)
26
(
0.9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ireland
...............................
61
(
0.6)
60
(
0.8)
66
(
0.6)
57
(
0.7)
55
(
0.9)
47
(
5.0)
536
(
5.6)
40
(
4.4)
540
(
5.8)
11
(
3.1)
550
(
7.1)
2
(
0.9)
 
 
Israel
2,3,6
...........................
57
(
0.8)
51
(
0.8)
61
(
0.9)
55
(
0.9)
51
(
1.3)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
53
(
5.6)
508
(
5.5)
32
(
5.8)
494
(
6.9)
15
(
4.3)
493
(
10.6)

Japan
................................
70
(
0.3)
66
(
0.4)
73
(
0.3)
70
(
0.4)
62
(
0.6)
2
(
1.3)
 
 
1
(
0.6)
 
 
95
(
1.8)
575
(
1.8)
2
(
1.2)
 
 
Korea
.................................
74
(
0.4)
72
(
0.5)
76
(
0.4)
75
(
0.5)
70
(
0.8)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
1
(
0.6)
 
 
95
(
1.8)
597
(
1.9)
5
(
1.7)
588
(
10.3)

Kuwait
2,3
...........................
39
(
0.5)
36
(
0.6)
45
(
0.6)
37
(
0.5)
25
(
0.7)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
1
(
0.7)
 
 
96
(
2.0)
402
(
3.9)
4
(
1.8)
416
(
42.2)

Latvia
(
Latvian­
speaking
schools)
2
.......................
56
(
0.8)
57
(
1.0)
60
(
0.8)
54
(
0.9)
46
(
1.2)
89
(
2.9)
505
(
5.7)
5
(
2.2)
538
(
47.2)
5
(
2.2)
532
(
11.9)
1
(
0.8)
 
 
Netherlands
2
.....................
67
(
0.5)
61
(
0.6)
73
(
0.5)
65
(
0.6)
61
(
0.9)
38
(
5.1)
559
(
4.0)
44
(
4.8)
556
(
4.5)
9
(
2.6)
556
(
7.2)
9
(
2.7)
549
(
20.1)

New
Zealand
3
...................
60
(
0.9)
57
(
0.9)
66
(
0.9)
57
(
1.1)
54
(
1.2)
29
(
4.2)
542
(
8.3)
48
(
4.4)
536
(
6.1)
14
(
3.1)
537
(
17.2)
9
(
2.6)
509
(
21.2)

Norway
3
............................
60
(
0.6)
60
(
0.6)
67
(
0.7)
55
(
0.7)
53
(
0.9)
73
(
5.0)
527
(
5.4)
27
(
5.0)
535
(
7.6)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Portugal
.............................
50
(
0.7)
50
(
0.8)
54
(
0.8)
49
(
0.9)
39
(
1.0)
2
(
1.1)
 
 
3
(
1.4)
486
(
28.2)
12
(
3.1)
474
(
8.8)
84
(
3.6)
481
(
4.8)

Scotland
3,4
........................
60
(
0.8)
58
(
0.9)
65
(
0.8)
57
(
0.8)
53
(
1.2)
35
(
4.7)
543
(
5.9)
44
(
4.7)
534
(
6.4)
14
(
3.3)
531
(
13.2)
7
(
2.5)
529
(
12.5)

Singapore
..........................
64
(
0.8)
58
(
0.8)
70
(
0.8)
64
(
0.8)
53
(
1.1)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
4
(
1.5)
548
(
18.9)
96
(
1.5)
547
(
5.1)
0
(
0.0)
 
 
Slovenia
2
..........................
64
(
0.7)
64
(
0.7)
68
(
0.7)
61
(
0.8)
54
(
0.8)
3
(
1.9)
544
(
18.9)
60
(
5.3)
541
(
4.6)
18
(
4.0)
550
(
9.5)
19
(
3.4)
548
(
6.8)

Thailand
2,3
........................
49
(
0.9)
48
(
0.9)
52
(
0.8)
46
(
1.0)
48
(
1.4)
2
(
1.2)
 
 
9
(
3.5)
463
(
21.5)
17
(
6.1)
469
(
16.5)
73
(
6.6)
477
(
6.5)

United
States
3
..................
66
(
0.5)
64
(
0.7)
71
(
0.6)
60
(
0.6)
65
(
0.8)
9
(
2.1)
562
(
11.5)
16
(
2.9)
550
(
10.2)
33
(
3.8)
578
(
5.9)
42
(
4.1)
565
(
5.1)

 
Not
available.

1
Fourth
grade
or
equivalent
in
most
countries.

2
Did
not
satisfy
one
or
more
guidelines
for
sample
participation
rates,
age/
grade
specification,
or
classroom
sampling
procedures.

3
Teacher
response
rate
for
number
of
hours
science
is
taught
is
84
percent
or
less.

4
Met
guidelines
for
sample
participation
rates
only
after
replacement
schools
were
included.

5
National
defined
population
covers
less
than
90
percent
of
international
desired
population.
6
National
defined
population
does
not
cover
all
of
international
desired
population.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Science
Achievement
in
the
Primary
School
Years:
IEA's
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1997,
by
Albert
E.
Beaton
et
al.

Copyright
 
1997
Boston
College,
Chestnut
Hill,
MA.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
1997.)
479
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
407.
 
Average
mathematics
scores,
at
the
end
of
secondary
school,
by
sex,
and
average
time
spent
studying
mathematics
out
of
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
Country
Average
score
in
mathematics
Amount
of
daily
out­
of­
school
study
time
in
mathematics
Mathematics
overall
Males
Females
Less
than
1
hour
One
to
two
hours
Three
or
more
hours
Average
hours
1
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Australia
2
.....................................
522
(
9.3)
540
(
10.3)
510
(
9.3)
59
(
2.2)
521
(
8.3)
36
(
2.2)
557
(
10.2)
5
(
0.8)
534
(
13.4)
1.0
(
0.04)
Austria
2
.......................................
518
(
5.3)
545
(
7.2)
503
(
5.5)
77
(
1.7)
526
(
5.8)
19
(
1.6)
533
(
9.4)
4
(
0.8)
502
(
13.7)
0.6
(
0.04)
Canada
2
......................................
519
(
2.8)
537
(
3.8)
504
(
3.5)
56
(
2.1)
539
(
5.1)
38
(
1.9)
547
(
5.0)
7
(
1.0)
526
(
14.6)
1.1
(
0.05)
Cyprus
2
.......................................
446
(
2.5)
454
(
4.9)
439
(
3.7)
63
(
2.1)
435
(
4.3)
29
(
1.8)
471
(
4.8)
8
(
1.3)
451
(
9.0)
1.0
(
0.05)
Czech
Republic
...........................
466
(
12.3)
488
(
11.3)
443
(
16.8)
92
(
1.5)
464
(
13.8)
8
(
1.4)
482
(
17.8)
0
(
0.2)
 
 
0.4
(
0.03)

Denmark
2
....................................
547
(
3.3)
575
(
4.0)
523
(
4.0)
68
(
2.0)
571
(
4.9)
28
(
1.6)
563
(
4.7)
4
(
0.7)
562
(
11.9)
0.9
(
0.04)
France
2
.......................................
523
(
5.1)
544
(
5.6)
506
(
5.3)
59
(
2.3)
517
(
5.1)
35
(
2.3)
539
(
6.7)
5
(
0.7)
505
(
14.7)
1.0
(
0.04)
Germany
2
....................................
495
(
5.9)
509
(
8.7)
480
(
8.8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hungary
.......................................
483
(
3.2)
485
(
4.9)
481
(
4.8)
74
(
0.9)
480
(
3.2)
24
(
0.8)
496
(
5.5)
2
(
0.2)
 
 
0.7
(
0.02)
Iceland
2
.......................................
534
(
2.0)
558
(
3.4)
514
(
2.2)
79
(
1.1)
553
(
3.2)
19
(
1.1)
542
(
7.0)
2
(
0.4)
 
 
0.7
(
0.02)

Italy
2
............................................
476
(
5.5)
490
(
7.4)
464
(
6.0)
55
(
2.6)
479
(
6.3)
40
(
2.2)
486
(
7.2)
5
(
0.9)
477
(
11.2)
1.0
(
0.05)
Lithuania
2
....................................
469
(
6.1)
485
(
7.3)
461
(
7.7)
67
(
1.8)
472
(
5.8)
29
(
1.7)
480
(
5.2)
4
(
0.5)
484
(
11.5)
0.8
(
0.03)
Netherlands
2
...............................
560
(
4.7)
585
(
5.6)
533
(
5.9)
82
(
1.7)
606
(
6.2)
16
(
1.6)
581
(
11.1)
1
(
0.3)
 
 
0.7
(
0.03)
New
Zealand
...............................
522
(
4.5)
536
(
4.9)
507
(
6.2)
75
(
1.4)
544
(
6.1)
23
(
1.4)
552
(
5.9)
2
(
0.3)
 
 
0.7
(
0.03)
Norway
2
......................................
528
(
4.1)
555
(
5.3)
501
(
4.8)
85
(
1.4)
541
(
5.1)
14
(
1.3)
558
(
9.5)
1
(
0.3)
 
 
0.5
(
0.03)

Russian
Federation
2
...................
471
(
6.2)
488
(
6.5)
460
(
6.6)
56
(
2.0)
463
(
5.9)
33
(
1.4)
484
(
7.5)
11
(
1.2)
494
(
8.1)
1.2
(
0.06)
Slovenia
2
.....................................
512
(
8.3)
535
(
12.7)
490
(
8.0)
72
(
2.7)
521
(
9.4)
25
(
2.6)
518
(
9.5)
2
(
0.6)
 
 
0.7
(
0.05)
South
Africa
2
...............................
356
(
8.3)
365
(
9.3)
348
(
10.8)
33
(
1.8)
394
(
17.1)
51
(
1.8)
375
(
10.9)
17
(
1.2)
344
(
7.2)
1.7
(
0.05)
Sweden
........................................
552
(
4.3)
573
(
5.9)
531
(
3.9)
90
(
0.9)
579
(
5.4)
9
(
0.9)
580
(
7.8)
1
(
0.2)
 
 
0.4
(
0.02)
Switzerland
..................................
540
(
5.8)
555
(
6.4)
522
(
7.4)
67
(
1.6)
569
(
4.9)
28
(
1.3)
550
(
5.6)
5
(
0.9)
522
(
10.6)
0.9
(
0.04)
United
States
2
.............................
461
(
3.2)
466
(
4.1)
456
(
3.6)
76
(
1.5)
475
(
3.8)
22
(
1.5)
486
(
5.9)
2
(
0.2)
 
 
0.7
(
0.02)

 
Not
available.
1
Average
hours
based
on:
No
time
=
0;
Less
than
1
hour
=
.5;
1
 
2
hours
=
1.5;
3
 
5
hours
=
4;
More
than
5
hours
=
7.
2
Countries
not
meeting
all
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Education
Achievement's
sampling
specifications.

NOTE:
End
of
secondary
school
is
equivalent
to
12th­
grade
in
the
U.
S.
and
a
few
other
countries,
but
ranges
from
9th­
to
14th­
grade
among
the
survey
countries.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
the
Final
Year
of
Secondary
School:
IEA's
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1998,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
1998
Boston
College,
Chestnut
Hill,
MA.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
480
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
408.
 
Average
science
scores,
at
the
end
of
secondary
school,
by
sex,
and
average
time
spent
studying
science
out
of
school,
by
country:
1994
 
95
Country
Average
score
in
science
Amount
of
daily
out­
of­
school
study
time
in
science
Science
overall
Males
Females
Less
than
1
hour
One
to
two
hours
Three
or
more
hours
Average
hours
1
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
Percent
Mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Australia
2
.....................................
527
(
9.8)
547
(
11.5)
513
(
9.4)
58
(
1.8)
540
(
9.5)
35
(
1.7)
575
(
6.9)
7
(
1.0)
588
(
33.0)
1.0
(
0.04)
Austria
2
.......................................
520
(
5.6)
554
(
8.7)
501
(
5.8)
87
(
1.4)
529
(
6.0)
11
(
1.4)
526
(
13.8)
1
(
0.3)
 
 
0.4
(
0.03)
Canada
2
......................................
532
(
2.6)
550
(
3.6)
518
(
3.8)
57
(
2.1)
554
(
4.2)
35
(
1.8)
567
(
6.8)
8
(
0.9)
537
(
18.0)
1.1
(
0.05)
Cyprus
2
.......................................
448
(
3.0)
459
(
5.8)
439
(
3.0)
80
(
1.1)
436
(
3.7)
16
(
0.9)
483
(
10.7)
4
(
0.6)
552
(
11.8)
0.5
(
0.03)
Czech
Republic
...........................
487
(
8.8)
512
(
8.8)
460
(
11.0)
84
(
2.6)
520
(
11.6)
14
(
2.3)
571
(
11.5)
3
(
0.5)
583
(
13.6)
0.5
(
0.05)

Denmark
2
....................................
509
(
3.6)
532
(
5.4)
490
(
4.1)
73
(
1.8)
555
(
4.7)
25
(
1.6)
570
(
6.1)
3
(
0.6)
565
(
15.0)
0.7
(
0.03)
France
2
.......................................
487
(
5.1)
508
(
6.7)
468
(
4.8)
59
(
2.0)
497
(
5.7)
35
(
1.8)
525
(
7.0)
6
(
0.8)
515
(
9.1)
1.0
(
0.04)
Germany
2
....................................
497
(
5.1)
514
(
7.9)
478
(
8.5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hungary
.......................................
471
(
3.0)
484
(
4.2)
455
(
4.3)
67
(
1.2)
475
(
3.9)
27
(
0.9)
486
(
4.9)
6
(
0.6)
497
(
11.5)
0.4
(
0.03)
Iceland
2
.......................................
549
(
1.5)
572
(
2.7)
530
(
2.1)
87
(
1.0)
566
(
2.5)
12
(
1.0)
575
(
4.6)
1
(
0.3)
 
 
0.9
(
0.01)

Italy
2
............................................
475
(
5.3)
495
(
6.7)
458
(
5.6)
70
(
2.8)
487
(
6.3)
25
(
2.5)
482
(
9.7)
5
(
1.2)
462
(
13.9)
0.8
(
0.06)
Lithuania
2
....................................
461
(
5.7)
481
(
6.4)
450
(
7.3)
69
(
1.5)
465
(
5.5)
26
(
1.3)
469
(
6.5)
5
(
0.6)
470
(
11.4)
0.8
(
0.03)
Netherlands
2
...............................
558
(
5.3)
582
(
5.7)
532
(
6.2)
78
(
2.8)
593
(
6.4)
20
(
2.9)
605
(
16.9)
1
(
0.4)
 
 
0.7
(
0.03)
New
Zealand
...............................
529
(
5.2)
543
(
7.1)
515
(
5.2)
80
(
1.1)
551
(
6.3)
18
(
1.1)
581
(
6.6)
3
(
0.5)
553
(
15.3)
0.6
(
0.02)
Norway
2
......................................
544
(
4.1)
574
(
5.1)
513
(
4.5)
74
(
2.4)
592
(
7.1)
23
(
2.2)
598
(
10.8)
3
(
0.7)
583
(
23.8)
0.5
(
0.02)

Russian
Federation
2
...................
481
(
5.7)
510
(
5.7)
463
(
6.7)
61
(
1.6)
478
(
6.0)
30
(
1.3)
488
(
7.0)
10
(
0.8)
501
(
8.0)
1.1
(
0.04)
Slovenia
2
.....................................
517
(
8.2)
541
(
12.7)
494
(
6.4)
85
(
2.0)
528
(
8.1)
13
(
1.9)
548
(
8.9)
2
(
0.6)
 
 
0.5
(
0.04)
South
Africa
2
...............................
349
(
10.5)
367
(
11.5)
333
(
13.0)
47
(
1.6)
373
(
15.5)
35
(
1.3)
367
(
12.2)
18
(
1.4)
326
(
7.3)
1.5
(
0.05)
Sweden
........................................
559
(
4.4)
585
(
5.9)
534
(
3.5)
81
(
1.9)
599
(
7.4)
17
(
1.8)
632
(
10.1)
2
(
0.5)
 
 
0.6
(
0.03)
Switzerland
..................................
523
(
5.3)
540
(
6.1)
500
(
7.8)
76
(
2.3)
564
(
6.6)
21
(
2.3)
564
(
10.9)
3
(
0.9)
508
(
29.0)
0.7
(
0.04)
United
States
2
.............................
480
(
3.3)
492
(
4.5)
469
(
3.9)
76
(
2.1)
505
(
4.3)
21
(
2.1)
517
(
5.7)
2
(
0.4)
 
 
0.7
(
0.04)

 
Not
available.
1
Average
hours
based
on:
No
time
=
0;
Less
than
1
hour
=
.5;
1
 
2
hours
=
1.5;
3
 
5
hours
=
4;
More
than
5
hours
=
7.
2
Countries
not
meeting
all
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Education
Achievement's
sampling
specifications.

NOTE:
End
of
secondary
school
is
equivalent
to
12th­
grade
in
the
U.
S.
and
a
few
other
countries,
but
ranges
from
9th­
to
14th­
grade
among
the
survey
countries.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
Mathematics
and
Science
Achievement
in
the
Final
Year
of
Secondary
School:
IEA's
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study,
1998,
by
Ina
V.
S.
Mullis
et
al.
Copyright
 
1998
Boston
College,
Chestnut
Hill,
MA.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
481
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
409.
 
Reading
literacy
test
scores
of
9­
year­
olds:
Selected
countries,
1992
Country
Grade
tested
Mean
age
Overall
mean
score
Narrative
1
1st
quartile
Narrative
1
mean
score
Narrative
1
3rd
quartile
Expository
2
mean
score
Documents
3
mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Finland
......................................................
3
9.7
569
(
3.4)
508
568
(
3.0)
602
569
(
3.1)
569
(
4.0)
United
States
............................................
4
10.0
547
(
2.8)
476
553
(
3.1)
619
538
(
2.6)
550
(
2.7)
Sweden
.....................................................
3
9.8
539
(
2.8)
467
536
(
2.6)
592
542
(
2.7)
539
(
3.2)
France
.......................................................
4
10.1
531
(
4.0)
467
532
(
4.1)
580
533
(
4.1)
527
(
3.9)
Italy
...........................................................
4
9.9
529
(
4.3)
468
533
(
4.0)
576
538
(
4.0)
517
(
4.9)

New
Zealand
............................................
5
10.0
528
(
3.3)
452
534
(
3.5)
594
531
(
3.1)
521
(
3.3)
Norway
......................................................
3
9.8
524
(
2.6)
455
525
(
2.8)
576
528
(
2.3)
519
(
2.8)
Iceland
4
....................................................
3
9.8
518
(
0.0)
448
518
(
0.0)
571
517
(
0.0)
519
(
0.0)
Hong
Kong
................................................
4
10.0
517
(
3.9)
431
494
(
4.1)
548
503
(
3.4)
554
(
4.2)
Singapore
.................................................
3
9.3
515
(
1.0)
450
521
(
1.1)
567
519
(
1.0)
504
(
1.0)

Switzerland
...............................................
3
9.7
511
(
2.7)
438
506
(
2.6)
566
507
(
2.7)
522
(
2.8)
Ireland
.......................................................
4
9.3
509
(
3.6)
445
518
(
3.7)
571
514
(
3.2)
495
(
3.8)
Belgium
5
...................................................
4
9.8
507
(
3.2)
439
510
(
3.3)
558
505
(
2.8)
506
(
3.5)
Greece
......................................................
4
9.3
504
(
3.7)
447
514
(
3.8)
567
511
(
3.6)
488
(
3.8)
Spain
.........................................................
4
10.0
504
(
2.5)
429
497
(
2.4)
543
505
(
2.3)
509
(
2.7)

Germany
(
former
West)
............................
3
9.4
503
(
3.0)
421
491
(
2.8)
543
497
(
2.9)
520
(
3.2)
Canada
6
...................................................
3
8.9
500
(
3.0)
437
502
(
3.5)
566
499
(
2.7)
500
(
2.8)
Germany
(
former
East)
.............................
3
9.5
499
(
4.3)
414
482
(
4.2)
531
493
(
3.6)
522
(
5.0)
Hungary
....................................................
3
9.3
499
(
3.1)
437
496
(
2.9)
541
493
(
3.1)
509
(
3.5)
Slovenia
....................................................
3
9.7
498
(
2.6)
435
502
(
2.7)
570
489
(
2.5)
503
(
2.5)

Netherlands
..............................................
3
9.2
485
(
3.6)
425
494
(
3.3)
539
480
(
3.4)
481
(
3.9)
Cyprus
......................................................
4
9.8
481
(
2.3)
421
492
(
2.4)
548
475
(
2.3)
476
(
2.1)
Portugal
....................................................
4
10.4
478
(
3.6)
419
483
(
3.3)
531
480
(
3.0)
471
(
4.5)
Denmark
...................................................
3
9.8
475
(
3.5)
386
463
(
3.4)
539
467
(
3.5)
496
(
3.6)
Trinidad/
Tobago
........................................
4
9.6
451
(
3.4)
383
455
(
3.6)
502
458
(
3.4)
440
(
3.3)

Indonesia
..................................................
4
10.8
394
(
3.0)
351
402
(
2.8)
436
411
(
3.2)
369
(
3.0)
Venezuela
.................................................
4
10.1
383
(
3.4)
322
378
(
3.2)
426
396
(
3.3)
374
(
3.7)

1
Narrative
prose
is
continuous
text
in
which
the
writer's
aim
is
to
tell
a
story.

2
Expository
prose
is
continuous
text
designed
to
describe,
explain,
or
otherwise
convey
factual
information
or
opinion
to
the
reader.

3
Documents
are
structured
information
presented
in
the
form
of
charts,
tables,
maps,
graphs,
lists,
or
sets
of
instructions.

4
Iceland
tested
all
students,
therefore
standard
errors
are
not
applicable.
5
Only
French­
speaking
students
were
tested.
6
British
Columbia
only.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
How
in
the
World
Do
Students
Read?,
1992.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1993.)
482
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
410.
 
Reading
literacy
test
scores
of
14­
year­
olds:
Selected
countries,
1992
Country
Grade
tested
Mean
age
Overall
mean
score
Narrative
1
mean
score
Expository
2
1st
quartile
Expository
2
mean
score
Expository
2
3rd
quartile
Documents
3
mean
score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Finland
......................................................
8
14.7
560
(
2.5)
559
(
2.8)
493
541
(
2.2)
575
580
(
2.5)
France
.......................................................
9
15.4
549
(
4.3)
556
(
4.2)
484
546
(
4.3)
580
544
(
4.2)
Sweden
.....................................................
8
14.8
546
(
2.5)
556
(
2.6)
469
533
(
2.4)
576
550
(
2.4)
New
Zealand
............................................
10
15.0
545
(
5.6)
547
(
5.7)
457
535
(
5.7)
597
552
(
5.3)
Hungary
....................................................
8
14.1
536
(
3.3)
530
(
3.1)
469
536
(
3.6)
577
542
(
3.2)

Iceland
4
....................................................
8
14.8
536
(
0.0)
550
(
0.0)
472
548
(
0.0)
617
509
(
0.0)
Switzerland
...............................................
8
14.9
536
(
3.2)
534
(
3.4)
466
525
(
3.2)
572
549
(
3.0)
Hong
Kong
................................................
9
15.2
535
(
3.7)
509
(
3.7)
480
540
(
3.8)
576
557
(
3.8)
United
States
............................................
9
15.0
535
(
4.8)
539
(
4.9)
456
539
(
5.6)
599
528
(
4.0)
Singapore
.................................................
8
14.4
534
(
1.1)
530
(
1.1)
476
539
(
1.2)
574
533
(
1.1)

Slovenia
....................................................
8
14.7
532
(
2.3)
534
(
2.6)
471
525
(
2.2)
576
537
(
2.2)
Germany
(
former
East)
.............................
8
14.4
526
(
3.5)
512
(
3.9)
464
523
(
3.5)
566
543
(
2.9)
Denmark
...................................................
8
14.8
525
(
2.1)
517
(
2.0)
458
524
(
2.2)
573
532
(
2.1)
Portugal
....................................................
9
15.6
523
(
3.1)
523
(
2.5)
469
523
(
3.4)
556
523
(
3.4)
Canada
5
...................................................
8
13.9
522
(
3.0)
526
(
3.1)
449
516
(
3.1)
569
522
(
2.7)

Germany
(
former
West)
............................
8
14.6
522
(
4.4)
514
(
4.9)
453
521
(
4.5)
573
532
(
3.9)
Norway
......................................................
8
14.8
516
(
2.3)
515
(
2.1)
464
520
(
2.4)
569
512
(
2.4)
Italy
...........................................................
8
14.1
515
(
3.4)
520
(
3.6)
459
524
(
3.2)
565
501
(
3.3)
Netherlands
..............................................
8
14.3
514
(
4.9)
506
(
4.8)
442
503
(
4.7)
546
533
(
5.3)
Ireland
.......................................................
9
14.5
511
(
5.2)
510
(
5.3)
439
505
(
5.3)
555
518
(
4.9)

Greece
......................................................
9
14.4
509
(
2.9)
526
(
2.9)
450
508
(
3.1)
548
493
(
2.6)
Cyprus
......................................................
9
14.8
497
(
2.2)
516
(
2.2)
427
492
(
2.4)
536
482
(
2.0)
Spain
.........................................................
8
14.2
490
(
2.5)
500
(
3.0)
435
495
(
2.6)
536
475
(
2.0)
Belgium
6
...................................................
8
14.3
481
(
4.9)
484
(
5.1)
415
477
(
4.8)
522
483
(
4.7)
Trinidad/
Tobago
........................................
9
14.4
479
(
1.7)
482
(
1.7)
408
485
(
1.8)
537
472
(
1.7)

Thailand
....................................................
9
15.2
477
(
6.2)
468
(
6.6)
429
486
(
5.9)
533
478
(
6.2)
Philippines
................................................
8
14.5
430
(
3.9)
421
(
3.6)
378
439
(
4.1)
472
430
(
3.9)
Venezuela
.................................................
9
15.5
417
(
3.1)
407
(
2.9)
381
433
(
3.3)
482
412
(
3.0)
Nigeria
7,8
..................................................
9
15.3
401
(
 
)
402
(
 
)
351
406
(
 
)
441
394
(
 
)
Zimbabwe
8
...............................................
9
15.5
372
(
3.8)
367
(
3.3)
326
374
(
3.6)
411
373
(
4.6)
Botswana
..................................................
9
14.7
330
(
2.0)
340
(
1.6)
294
339
(
1.9)
371
312
(
2.4)

 
Not
available.
1
Narrative
prose
is
continuous
text
in
which
the
writer's
aim
is
to
tell
a
story.
2
Expository
prose
is
continuous
text
designed
to
describe,
explain,
or
otherwise
convey
factual
information
or
opinion
to
the
reader.
3
Documents
are
structured
information
presented
in
the
form
of
charts,
tables,
maps,
graphs,
lists,
or
sets
of
instructions.
4
Iceland
tested
all
students,
therefore
standard
errors
are
not
applicable.
5
British
Columbia
only.
6
Only
French­
speaking
students
were
tested.
7
Insufficient
data
to
calculate
the
standard
error.
8
Sampling
response
rate
of
schools
was
below
80
percent.

NOTE:
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
How
in
the
World
Do
Students
Read?,
1992.
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
1993.)
483
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
411.
 
Number
of
bachelor's
degree
recipients
per
100
persons
of
the
theoretical
age
of
graduation,
by
sex:
Selected
countries,
1989
to
1999
Country
Men
and
women
Men
Women
1989
1990
1992
1995
1996
1999
1989
1990
1992
1995
1996
1989
1990
1992
1995
1996
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Australia
....................................
19.6
 
28.5
34.9
36.0
27.0
18.9
 
23.7
27.6
28.9
21.1
 
33.6
42.7
43.3
Austria
.......................................
6.6
7.7
 
9.8
10.5
12.0
7.6
8.5
 
10.6
11.4
5.5
6.8
 
8.9
9.6
Belgium
1
...................................
16.5
17.1
 
 
15.9
17.8
18.9
19.5
 
 
16.7
14.1
14.7
 
 
15.2
Canada
.....................................
 
 
32.2
31.8
31.9
29.3
 
 
27.6
26.4
26.5
 
 
37.6
37.4
37.4
Czech
Republic
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
10.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denmark
...................................
12.9
15.0
22.3
28.5
28.0
 
11.5
13.3
17.7
25.1
23.1
14.4
16.9
27.2
31.9
33.0
Finland
......................................
16.9
17.1
 
22.2
23.9
33.9
17.1
17.0
 
22.0
22.4
16.6
17.1
17.9
22.3
25.6
France
.......................................
13.8
14.9
 
 
 
24.9
13.7
14.7
 
 
 
13.9
15.1
 
 
 
Germany
2
.................................
13.2
12.9
 
16.2
16.1
16.0
16.1
15.7
 
18.2
18.2
10.1
10.0
 
14.0
13.5
Hungary
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
26.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Iceland
......................................
 
 
 
 
 
28.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ireland
.......................................
16.4
17.4
17.8
21.2
25.5
26.0
31.9
17.5
17.9
19.9
24.6
 
17.3
17.7
22.7
26.4
Italy
...........................................
8.9
9.2
 
11.8
12.6
16.0
9.1
9.3
 
10.8
11.4
8.7
9.0
 
12.9
13.8
Japan
........................................
 
22.1
23.2
22.8
22.9
29.0
 
31.5
31.9
30.4
30.7
 
12.4
14.0
14.9
14.9
Korea,
Republic
of
....................
 
 
 
 
 
27.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mexico
.......................................
 
 
 
 
 
11.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Netherlands
...............................
10.2
8.0
17.6
22.0
19.6
33.5
12.3
9.4
17.3
20.6
18.2
7.9
6.5
17.8
23.4
21.1
New
Zealand
.............................
36.1
15.3
17.2
24.7
30.8
37.3
16.6
15.4
16.9
20.9
26.2
15.5
15.1
17.4
28.6
35.4
Norway
......................................
24.6
27.5
19.0
23.0
27.4
33.9
18.1
19.1
14.5
17.2
20.2
31.7
36.3
23.7
28.9
34.8
Portugal
.....................................
 
7.6
 
14.6
15.7
 
 
5.9
 
10.8
11.3
 
9.3
 
18.3
20.2
Spain
.........................................
17.7
18.6
 
24.0
26.1
30.3
14.6
15.3
 
19.6
21.5
21.0
22.0
 
28.6
31.0
Sweden
.....................................
13.0
12.2
14.1
15.5
19.1
27.2
11.1
10.5
11.8
14.0
15.1
15.1
14.0
16.4
17.0
23.3
Switzerland
...............................
7.7
7.7
 
9.1
9.3
20.5
10.1
10.3
 
11.4
11.5
5.3
5.1
 
6.8
7.2
Turkey
.......................................
6.0
6.1
6.1
7.0
 
9.6
7.3
7.5
7.5
8.6
 
4.6
4.5
4.6
5.2
 
United
Kingdom
........................
 
 
20.4
31.6
34.4
36.8
 
 
21.0
30.3
32.7
 
 
19.8
32.9
36.2
United
States
............................
27.3
28.6
27.4
33.2
34.7
33.2
25.5
26.2
24.6
29.3
30.6
29.2
31.1
30.3
37.3
38.9
 
Not
available.

1
Data
for
Flemish
Belgium
only.

2
Data
for
1989
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.
NOTE:
The
graduation
rate
relates
the
number
of
people
with
bachelor's
degrees
to
the
number
of
people
in
the
population
at
typical
age
of
graduation.
Data
for
1999
reflect
a
reclassification
of
degree
levels
and
may
not
be
comparable
to
figures
for
earlier
years.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance
2001,
and
unpublished
tabulations.
(
This
table
was
prepared
January
2002.)

Table
412.
 
Percent
of
bachelor's
degrees
awarded
in
science:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1999
Country
All
science
degrees
Natural
sciences
Mathematics
and
computer
science
Engineering
1985
1990
1995
1996
1999
1985
1990
1995
1996
1999
1985
1990
1995
1996
1999
1985
1990
1995
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Australia
...........................
 
 
19.3
20.1
19.4
 
 
9.9
10.0
7.0
 
 
3.8
4.1
4.5
 
 
5.6
6.0
7.9
Austria
..............................
16.8
19.6
21.1
22.1
26.0
5.0
5.3
6.0
6.2
6.3
4.1
5.2
5.3
5.1
3.2
7.7
9.0
9.9
10.8
16.5
Belgium
1
..........................
 
 
 
24.4
25.3
4.6
 
 
3.1
6.1
1.7
 
 
1.8
2.3
 
 
 
19.5
17.0
Canada
............................
17.1
16.4
16.7
17.4
19.7
4.9
6.0
6.5
6.7
8.2
4.5
4.2
3.8
4.0
4.0
7.7
6.2
6.4
6.7
7.5
Czech
Republic
................
 
 
 
 
29.3
 
 
 
 
3.8
 
 
 
 
3.0
 
 
 
 
22.5
Denmark
..........................
 
 
 
 
 
6.3
4.4
2.5
1.4
 
 
 
 
3.3
 
16.2
21.7
17.0
15.1
 
Finland
.............................
39.3
33.5
37.2
35.7
33.2
7.7
4.1
4.0
4.1
0.6
6.3
5.9
6.9
6.0
2.4
25.3
23.4
26.3
25.6
30.2
Germany
2
........................
23.8
31.3
31.6
31.1
33.5
5.0
7.2
6.7
6.6
6.9
2.3
3.5
5.2
5.0
5.2
16.5
20.5
19.7
19.5
21.4
Hungary
...........................
 
 
 
 
17.3
 
 
 
 
1.1
 
 
 
 
1.3
 
 
 
 
14.9
Iceland
.............................
 
 
 
 
13.6
 
 
 
 
6.1
 
 
 
 
2.6
 
 
 
 
4.9
Ireland
..............................
28.8
34.1
32.3
28.0
25.8
12.8
14.1
16.9
12.2
8.8
4.0
6.3
4.7
6.3
7.1
12.0
13.7
10.7
9.6
10.0
Italy
..................................
19.5
19.7
19.5
19.9
27.6
8.1
7.6
6.8
6.6
6.0
3.1
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.4
8.3
8.3
8.9
9.6
18.2
Japan
...............................
22.7
23.5
22.8
 
18.9
2.4
2.4
3.4
3.4
 
 
 
 
 
 
20.3
21.0
19.3
19.3
18.9
Korea,
Republic
of
...........
 
 
 
 
36.7
 
 
 
 
6.3
 
 
 
 
4.5
 
 
 
 
25.9
Mexico
..............................
 
 
 
 
22.9
 
 
 
 
2.1
 
 
 
 
7.0
 
 
 
 
13.8
Netherlands
......................
21.8
21.1
 
16.0
16.5
8.5
7.1
 
1.6
3.2
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
12.1
12.4
 
12.8
11.6
New
Zealand
....................
20.5
19.5
 
 
18.6
11.7
8.2
 
 
12.1
5.5
5.5
 
 
1.6
3.3
5.8
3.2
3.6
5.0
Norway
.............................
 
12.9
16.8
15.2
12.8
2.5
2.1
3.1
2.8
0.8
1.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
2.8
 
10.2
13.2
11.9
9.3
Poland
..............................
 
 
 
 
16.5
 
 
 
 
2.1
 
 
 
 
1.8
 
 
 
 
12.6
Portugal
............................
 
 
15.0
15.4
 
6.5
6.7
2.2
2.8
 
 
 
2.8
2.8
 
 
10.5
9.9
9.8
 
Spain
................................
13.9
15.0
18.2
18.5
21.0
5.5
5.7
4.3
4.8
4.8
1.3
2.6
4.5
4.3
3.9
7.0
6.7
9.4
9.4
12.3
Sweden
............................
15.4
24.0
26.4
22.4
25.0
2.6
4.1
3.9
3.7
3.6
1.6
4.7
5.5
4.5
3.0
11.3
15.2
17.0
14.3
18.4
Switzerland
......................
20.2
23.0
22.3
22.4
25.1
10.3
11.2
10.4
11.1
6.5
2.1
3.7
3.7
3.1
1.8
7.9
8.1
8.3
8.2
16.8
Turkey
..............................
23.0
20.6
20.9
 
24.2
3.6
4.6
5.1
 
7.1
1.6
2.1
2.7
 
3.7
17.8
13.8
13.1
 
13.4
United
Kingdom
...............
 
 
 
 
28.9
 
 
 
 
9.8
 
 
 
 
6.4
 
 
 
 
12.7
United
States
...................
21.7
16.9
 
16.8
17.4
6.3
5.1
 
6.9
7.2
5.5
4.0
3.3
3.2
3.3
9.8
7.8
6.7
6.6
6.9
 
Not
available.
1
Data
for
Flemish
Belgium
only.
2
Data
for
1985
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
484
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
413.
 
Percent
of
graduate
degrees
awarded
in
science:
Selected
countries,
1985,
1990,
1996,
and
1999
Country
All
science
degrees
Natural
sciences
Mathematics
and
computer
science
Engineering
1985
1990
1996
1999
1985
1990
1996
1999
1985
1990
1996
1999
1985
1990
1996
1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Australia
.................................................
 
 
14.0
17.9
 
 
5.4
6.3
 
 
3.8
3.8
 
 
4.7
7.7
Austria
....................................................
43.3
37.7
38.8
38.4
14.2
12.3
17.5
15.0
7.3
4.6
4.7
3.6
21.7
20.8
16.6
19.8
Belgium
1
................................................
 
 
 
17.6
 
 
 
7.0
 
 
 
2.4
 
 
 
8.3
Canada
..................................................
19.7
20.0
22.3
23.0
7.5
7.8
7.7
7.9
2.8
3.4
3.5
3.6
9.4
8.8
11.2
11.5
Czech
Republic
......................................
 
 
 
21.3
 
 
 
5.6
 
 
 
6.3
 
 
 
9.3
Denmark
................................................
16.0
22.2
12.3
 
4.1
5.8
3.1
 
2.7
4.8
1.5
 
9.2
11.6
7.8
 
Finland
...................................................
47.6
30.6
28.3
31.1
24.0
14.7
11.6
8.5
6.3
5.4
4.0
3.9
17.2
10.5
12.7
18.7
France
....................................................
 
 
 
21.0
 
 
 
6.4
 
 
 
1.6
 
 
 
13.0
Germany
2
..............................................
27.7
33.2
38.6
38.9
18.7
23.5
25.5
25.2
1.8
2.3
3.5
4.0
7.2
7.4
9.5
9.8
Hungary
.................................................
 
 
 
13.5
 
 
 
4.8
 
 
 
1.2
 
 
 
7.6
Iceland
...................................................
 
 
 
30.7
 
 
 
20.0
 
 
 
0.0
 
 
 
10.7
Ireland
....................................................
31.4
34.5
23.1
24.8
18.9
19.5
10.9
4.0
2.6
5.8
3.0
16.0
9.9
9.3
9.2
4.8
Italy
........................................................
 
 
 
13.1
 
 
 
1.0
 
 
 
6.5
 
 
 
5.6
Japan
.....................................................
50.1
54.6
 
42.4
9.5
9.5
10.2
 
 
 
 
 
40.5
45.1
44.4
42.4
Korea,
Republic
of
.................................
 
 
 
48.3
 
 
 
8.8
 
 
 
4.1
 
 
 
35.4
Netherlands
............................................
 
28.9
18.6
17.6
20.6
17.7
4.4
 
 
1.5
3.7
8.7
7.5
9.7
10.6
8.8
New
Zealand
..........................................
45.1
22.6
16.7
24.4
24.6
13.8
12.7
13.4
5.4
4.7
1.1
1.5
15.1
4.0
3.0
9.4
Norway
...................................................
40.1
33.4
38.3
21.0
17.9
8.0
8.7
15.0
3.5
2.1
1.9
4.3
18.7
23.3
27.7
 
Poland
....................................................
 
 
 
3.1
 
 
 
0.6
 
 
 
0.9
 
 
 
1.7
Spain
......................................................
35.6
26.9
36.0
40.1
28.6
19.7
24.8
24.8
1.8
1.4
4.1
4.2
5.1
5.7
7.1
11.1
Sweden
..................................................
48.0
48.5
32.3
41.5
21.2
19.4
9.2
14.4
6.8
9.2
5.9
4.1
20.0
19.9
17.1
23.0
Switzerland
............................................
30.7
30.2
40.1
41.5
20.3
22.0
25.8
11.4
2.8
1.7
4.1
17.0
7.6
6.5
10.1
13.1
Turkey
....................................................
35.8
24.0
 
29.8
6.6
7.6
 
8.0
2.8
3.3
 
3.0
26.3
13.2
 
18.7
United
Kingdom
.....................................
 
 
 
21.8
 
 
 
6.0
 
 
 
4.7
 
 
 
11.0
United
States
.........................................
13.5
14.5
13.8
13.7
4.5
4.2
4.0
3.8
2.8
3.4
3.2
3.1
6.3
6.9
6.7
6.8
 
Not
available.
1
Data
for
Flemish
Belgium
only.
2
Data
for
1985
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.
SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)

Table
414.
 
Public
education
expenditures
per
student,
by
level
of
student:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1998
[
In
constant
1998
dollars]

Country
Primary
Secondary
Higher
education
1985
1990
1995
1997
1998
1985
1990
1995
1997
1998
1985
1990
1995
1997
1998
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Australia
...................
$
3,117
 
$
3,001
$
3,809
$
3,981
$
4,376
 
$
4,276
$
5,884
$
5,830
1
$
14,284
2
$
12,424
$
7,094
$
11,414
$
11,539
Austria
......................
4,007
$
4,110
 
6,355
6,065
4,581
$
5,398
 
8,340
8,163
7,616
7,422
 
10,148
11,279
Belgium
3
..................
2,595
2,473
3,497
5,286
3,799
5,984
 
6,180
9,252
6,238
8,252
7,168
6,449
 
6,597
Canada
....................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9,568
10,892
7,511
15,046
14,579
Czech
Republic
........
 
 
 
1,972
1,645
 
 
 
3,700
3,182
 
 
 
5,563
5,584
Denmark
..................
4,305
5,108
5,948
7,020
6,713
6,076
6,092
6,331
7,398
7,200
9,917
9,672
7,947
7,407
9,562
Finland
.....................
 
 
4,572
4,715
4,641
 
 
5,291
5,087
5,111
 
 
7,605
7,302
7,327
France
......................
 
2,968
3,436
3,735
3,752
 
5,157
6,055
7,228
6,605
 
5,610
5,927
7,168
7,226
Germany
..................
4
3,358
 
 
3,514
3,531
3,676
 
 
4,606
6,209
8,085
 
8,888
9,770
9,481
Greece
.....................
 
 
2,132
2,387
2,368
 
 
1,991
2,621
3,287
 
 
2,712
4,052
4,157
Hungary
...................
 
 
 
2,067
2,028
 
 
 
2,125
2,140
 
 
 
5,514
5,073
Iceland
.....................
 
 
3,079
 
 
 
 
9,227
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ireland
......................
1,560
1,636
2,282
2,611
2,745
2,684
2,753
3,541
3,928
3,934
6,099
6,331
5,177
8,298
8,522
Italy
..........................
3,011
3,962
4,653
5,152
5,653
3,870
4,591
5,421
6,382
6,458
5,438
8,314
4,433
6,065
6,295
Japan
.......................
2
3,059
 
4,613
5,284
5,075
 
 
4,476
 
5,890
1
3,070
 
3,921
19,208
9,871
Korea
.......................
 
 
 
3,379
2,838
 
 
 
3,970
3,544
 
 
 
6,324
6,356
Luxembourg
.............
2
6,418
5
7,337
11,433
 
 
 
 
10,653
 
 
1
19,020
 
7,104
 
 
Mexico
......................
 
 
 
885
863
 
 
 
1,677
1,586
 
 
 
4,700
3,800
Netherlands
..............
3,507
3,348
3,275
 
3,795
4,112
4,859
4,478
 
5,304
11,220
11,945
8,618
 
10,757
New
Zealand
............
2
3,088
2,751
2,806
 
 
 
2,288
3,902
 
 
1
12,932
13,976
5,878
 
 
Norway
.....................
3,927
4,470
8,172
 
5,761
5,364
5,690
4,637
4,239
7,343
7,670
8,475
 
10,265
10,918
Poland
......................
 
 
 
1,468
1,496
 
 
 
 
1,438
 
 
 
4,463
4,262
Portugal
....................
2
1,485
2
2,348
2,759
3,298
3,121
1
1,922
2
2,547
3,178
4,330
4,636
1
5,004
2
5,435
 
 
 
Spain
........................
1,505
1,883
2,410
3,615
3,267
2,078
2,857
3,671
5,470
4,274
2,160
3,574
3,802
5,418
5,038
Sweden
6
..................
2
5,922
6,147
5,353
5,606
5,579
 
 
5,932
5,513
5,648
1
9,010
10,102
12,289
12,983
13,224
Switzerland
6
............
 
2
6,459
6,162
6,334
6,470
3,154
 
8,543
7,355
9,348
15,376
2
16,865
15,468
16,630
16,563
Turkey
......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,434
 
United
Kingdom
.......
2,698
3,046
3,511
3,256
3,329
3,807
4,701
4,497
5,059
5,230
15,045
11,454
5,963
 
9,699
United
States
...........
4,294
5,235
5,105
6,054
6,043
5,401
6,721
6,510
7,578
7,764
8,600
10,202
8,358
15,095
19,802
 
Not
available.
1
1986
data.
2
1991
data.
3
Data
for
Flemish
Belgium
only.
4
Data
are
for
the
former
West
Germany.
5
1989
data.
6
Change
in
definition
of
expenditures
in
1992.

NOTE:
Data
adjusted
to
U.
S.
dollars
using
the
purchasing­
power­
parity
(
PPP)
index.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development,
Education
at
a
Glance,
various
years;
and
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
485
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
415.
 
Total
public
direct
expenditures
on
education
as
a
percentage
of
the
gross
domestic
product:
Selected
countries,
1985
to
1998
Country
All
institutions
1
Primary
and
secondary
institutions
Higher
education
institutions
1985
1990
1995
1997
2
1998
1985
1990
1995
1997
2
1998
1985
1990
1995
1997
2
1998
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Average
for
year
..........
5.3
4.9
4.9
5.1
5.3
3.7
3.5
3.4
3.6
3.6
1.1
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.3
Average
for
countries
reporting
data
for
all
years
.....................
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.5
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.7
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.3
Australia
.........................
5.4
4.3
4.5
4.3
4.8
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.5
1.7
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.2
Austria
............................
5.6
5.2
5.3
6.0
6.3
3.7
3.6
3.8
4.2
4.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
1.3
1.6
Belgium
3
........................
6.3
4.8
5.0
4.8
5.0
4.0
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.8
1.0
Canada
..........................
6.1
5.4
5.8
5.4
5.7
4.1
3.7
4.0
4.0
3.7
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.2
1.8
Czech
Republic
..............
 
 
4.8
4.5
4.3
 
 
3.4
3.2
2.9
 
 
0.7
0.7
0.8
Denmark
........................
6.2
6.2
6.5
6.5
8.3
4.7
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.9
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.1
2.2
Finland
...........................
5.8
6.4
6.6
6.3
6.2
 
4.3
4.2
3.8
3.8
 
1.2
1.7
1.7
2.0
France
............................
 
5.1
5.8
5.8
6.0
 
3.7
4.1
4.1
4.2
 
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
Germany
4
......................
4.6
 
4.5
4.5
4.6
2.8
 
2.9
2.9
3.0
1.0
 
1.0
1.0
1.1
Greece
...........................
 
 
3.7
3.5
3.5
 
 
2.8
2.5
2.3
 
 
0.8
1.0
1.1
Hungary
.........................
 
5.0
4.9
4.5
4.6
 
3.5
3.3
2.9
2.9
 
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
Iceland
...........................
 
4.3
4.5
5.1
7.1
 
3.3
3.4
3.9
4.3
 
0.6
0.7
0.7
2.2
Ireland
............................
5.6
4.7
4.7
4.5
4.5
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
Italy
................................
4.7
5.8
4.5
4.6
4.9
3.2
4.1
3.2
3.4
3.5
0.6
1.0
0.7
0.6
0.8
Japan
.............................
 
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
 
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.8
 
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.4
Korea
.............................
 
 
3.6
4.4
4.1
 
 
3.0
3.4
3.1
 
 
0.3
0.5
0.4
Luxembourg
...................
 
 
4.3
4.2
 
 
 
4.2
4.1
 
 
 
0.1
0.1
 
Mexico
............................
 
3.2
4.6
4.5
4.2
 
2.2
3.4
3.3
3.0
 
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
Netherlands
....................
6.2
5.7
4.6
4.3
4.9
4.1
3.6
3.0
2.9
3.1
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.1
1.4
New
Zealand
..................
 
5.5
5.3
6.1
7.2
 
3.9
3.8
4.7
4.9
 
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.8
Norway
...........................
5.1
6.2
6.8
6.6
7.7
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.4
4.6
0.7
1.1
1.5
1.3
2.0
Poland
............................
 
 
5.2
5.8
5.4
 
 
3.3
3.8
3.5
 
 
0.8
1.2
1.2
Portugal
..........................
 
 
5.4
5.8
5.7
 
 
4.1
4.4
4.3
 
 
1.0
1.0
1.0
Russia
............................
 
 
3.4
 
 
 
 
1.9
 
 
 
 
0.7
 
 
Spain
..............................
3.6
4.2
4.8
4.7
4.5
2.9
3.2
3.5
3.5
3.3
0.4
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
Sweden
..........................
 
5.3
6.6
6.8
8.0
 
4.4
4.4
4.7
5.3
 
1.0
1.6
1.6
2.1
Switzerland
....................
4.9
5.0
5.5
5.4
5.5
4.0
3.7
4.1
4.0
4.1
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
Turkey
............................
 
3.2
2.2
 
3.0
 
2.3
1.4
 
1.8
 
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
United
Kingdom
.............
4.9
4.3
4.6
4.6
4.9
3.1
3.5
3.8
3.4
3.4
1.0
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.1
United
States
.................
4.7
5.3
5.0
5.2
5.1
3.2
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.4
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.3
1
Includes
preprimary
and
other
expenditures
not
classified
by
level.
2
Due
to
the
implementation
of
a
new
classification
system
post­
1996
data
are
not
comparable
with
earlier
data.
3
Flemish
Belgium
data
only.
4
Data
for
1985
refer
to
West
Germany
(
Federal
Republic
of
Germany
before
unification

NOTE:
Direct
public
expenditure
on
educational
services
includes
both
amounts
spent
directly
by
governments
to
hire
educational
personnel
and
to
procure
other
resources,
and
amounts
provided
by
governments
to
public
or
private
institutions.
Figures
for
1998
include
public
subsidies
to
households
attributable
for
educational
institutions
and
direct
expenditures
from
international
sources,
and
are
not
directly
comparable
with
other
years.
Figures
for
1985
also
include
transfers
and
payments
to
private
entities,
and
thus
are
not
strictly
comparable
with
later
figures.

SOURCE:
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
(
OECD),
Education
Database;
Annual
National
Accounts,
Vol.
1,
1997;
and
Education
at
a
Glance,
2000
and
2001.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
486
INTERNATIONAL
COMPARISONS
OF
EDUCATION
Table
416.
 
Foreign
students
enrolled
in
institutions
of
higher
education
in
the
United
States
and
outlying
areas,
by
continent,
region,
and
selected
countries
of
origin:
1980
 
81
to
1999
 
2000
Continent,
region,
and
country
1980
 
81
1985
 
86
1990
 
91
1995
 
96
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1998
 
99
1999
 
2000
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Total
...................................
311,880
100.0
343,780
100.0
407,530
100.0
453,787
100.0
457,984
100.0
481,280
100.0
490,933
100.0
514,723
100.0
Africa
......................................
38,180
12.2
34,190
9.9
23,800
5.8
20,844
4.6
22,078
4.8
23,162
4.8
26,222
5.3
30,292
5.9
Eastern
Africa
....................
6,260
2.0
6,730
2.0
7,590
1.9
7,596
1.7
8,628
1.9
8,951
1.9
10,189
2.1
11,559
2.2
Central
Africa
.....................
1,130
0.4
1,540
0.4
1,650
0.4
1,346
0.3
1,187
0.3
1,265
0.3
1,413
0.3
1,775
0.3
North
Africa
........................
7,310
2.3
5,980
1.7
4,540
1.1
3,422
0.8
3,469
0.8
3,862
0.8
4,151
0.8
4,525
0.9
Southern
Africa
..................
1,480
0.5
2,360
0.7
2,840
0.7
2,657
0.6
2,678
0.6
2,608
0.5
2,956
0.6
3,247
0.6
West
Africa
........................
22,000
7.1
17,580
5.1
7,180
1.8
5,818
1.3
6,115
1.3
6,471
1.3
7,513
1.5
9,176
1.8
Nigeria
............................
17,350
5.6
13,710
4.0
3,710
0.9
2,093
0.5
2,184
0.5
2,436
0.5
2,876
0.6
3,602
0.7
Europe
....................................
25,330
8.1
34,310
10.0
49,640
12.2
67,358
14.8
68,315
14.9
71,616
14.9
73,809
15.0
78,485
15.2
Eastern
Europe
..................
1,670
0.5
1,770
0.5
4,780
1.2
18,032
4.0
19,471
4.3
21,314
4.4
23,131
4.7
25,731
5.0
Western
Europe
.................
23,660
7.6
32,540
9.5
44,860
11.0
49,326
10.9
48,844
10.7
50,301
10.5
50,674
10.3
52,754
10.2
France
............................
 
 
3,680
1.1
5,630
1.4
5,710
1.3
5,692
1.2
5,992
1.2
6,241
1.3
6,877
1.3
Germany
1
......................
3,310
1.1
4,730
1.4
7,000
1.7
9,017
2.0
8,990
2.0
9,309
1.9
9,568
1.9
9,800
1.9
Greece
...........................
3,750
1.2
4,440
1.3
4,360
1.1
3,365
0.7
3,010
0.7
3,065
0.6
2,847
0.6
2,782
0.5
Spain
..............................
 
 
1,740
0.5
4,300
1.1
4,809
1.1
4,673
1.0
4,371
0.9
4,195
0.9
4,337
0.8
United
Kingdom
.............
4,440
1.4
5,940
1.7
7,300
1.8
7,799
1.7
7,357
1.6
7,534
1.6
7,765
1.6
7,990
1.6
Latin
America
.........................
49,810
16.0
45,480
13.2
47,580
11.7
47,253
10.4
49,592
10.8
51,368
10.7
55,436
11.3
62,098
12.1
Caribbean
..........................
10,650
3.4
11,100
3.2
12,610
3.1
10,737
2.4
11,796
2.6
10,855
2.3
11,884
2.4
13,828
2.7
Central
America
.................
12,970
4.2
12,740
3.7
15,950
3.9
14,220
3.1
14,524
3.2
15,211
3.2
15,455
3.1
16,854
3.3
Mexico
............................
6,730
2.2
5,460
1.6
6,740
1.7
8,687
1.9
8,975
2.0
9,559
2.0
9,641
2.0
10,607
2.1
South
America
...................
26,190
8.4
21,640
6.3
19,020
4.7
22,296
4.9
23,272
5.1
25,302
5.3
28,097
5.7
31,416
6.1
Brazil
..............................
 
 
2,840
0.8
3,900
1.0
5,497
1.2
6,168
1.3
6,982
1.5
8,052
1.6
8,600
1.7
Colombia
........................
 
 
4,010
1.2
3,180
0.8
3,462
0.8
3,636
0.8
4,345
0.9
5,041
1.0
6,277
1.2
Venezuela
......................
11,750
3.8
7,040
2.0
2,890
0.7
4,456
1.0
4,590
1.0
4,731
1.0
5,133
1.0
5,125
1.0
Middle
East
.............................
84,710
27.2
52,720
15.3
33,420
8.2
30,563
6.7
29,841
6.5
30,962
6.4
32,836
6.7
34,897
6.8
Iran
.....................................
47,550
15.2
14,210
4.1
6,260
1.5
2,628
0.6
2,129
0.5
1,863
0.4
1,660
0.3
1,885
0.4
Jordan
................................
6,140
2.0
6,590
1.9
4,320
1.1
2,222
0.5
2,094
0.5
2,027
0.4
2,039
0.4
2,074
0.4
Lebanon
.............................
6,770
2.2
7,090
2.1
3,900
1.0
1,554
0.3
1,370
0.3
1,321
0.3
1,315
0.3
1,582
0.3
Saudi
Arabia
......................
10,440
3.3
6,900
2.0
3,590
0.9
4,191
0.9
4,264
0.9
4,571
0.9
4,931
1.0
5,156
1.0
Turkey
................................
 
 
2,460
0.7
4,080
1.0
7,678
1.7
8,194
1.8
9,081
1.9
9,377
1.9
10,100
2.0
North
America
2
......................
14,790
4.7
16,030
4.7
18,950
4.6
23,644
5.2
23,611
5.2
22,613
4.7
23,302
4.7
24,128
4.7
Canada
..............................
14,320
4.6
15,410
4.5
18,350
4.5
23,005
5.1
22,984
5.0
22,051
4.6
22,746
4.6
23,544
4.6
Oceania
..................................
4,180
1.3
4,030
1.2
4,230
1.0
4,202
0.9
3,690
0.8
3,893
0.8
4,228
0.9
4,676
0.9
Asia
.........................................
94,640
30.3
156,830
45.6
229,830
56.4
259,893
57.3
260,743
56.9
277,508
57.7
275,076
56.0
280,146
54.4
East
Asia
...........................
51,650
16.6
80,720
23.5
146,020
35.8
166,717
36.7
167,935
36.7
178,256
37.0
177,141
36.1
180,146
35.0
China
..............................
2,770
0.9
13,980
4.1
39,600
9.7
39,613
8.7
42,503
9.3
46,958
9.8
51,001
10.4
54,466
10.6
Hong
Kong
.....................
9,660
3.1
10,710
3.1
12,630
3.1
12,018
2.6
10,942
2.4
9,665
2.0
8,735
1.8
7,545
1.5
Japan
.............................
13,500
4.3
13,360
3.9
36,610
9.0
45,531
10.0
46,292
10.1
47,073
9.8
46,406
9.5
46,872
9.1
Korea,
Republic
of
.........
6,150
2.0
18,660
5.4
23,360
5.7
36,231
8.0
37,130
8.1
42,890
8.9
39,199
8.0
41,191
8.0
Taiwan
............................
19,460
6.2
23,770
6.9
33,530
8.2
32,702
7.2
30,487
6.7
30,855
6.4
31,043
6.3
29,234
5.7
South
and
Central
Asia
.....
14,540
4.7
25,800
7.5
42,370
10.4
45,401
10.0
44,256
9.7
47,761
9.9
52,602
10.7
58,148
11.3
India
...............................
9,250
3.0
16,070
4.7
28,860
7.1
31,743
7.0
30,641
6.7
33,818
7.0
37,482
7.6
42,337
8.2
Pakistan
.........................
2,990
1.0
5,440
1.6
7,730
1.9
6,427
1.4
6,095
1.3
5,821
1.2
5,905
1.2
6,107
1.2
South
East
Asia
.................
28,450
9.1
50,310
14.6
41,440
10.2
47,774
10.5
48,550
10.6
51,491
10.7
45,333
9.2
41,852
8.1
Indonesia
........................
3,250
1.0
8,210
2.4
9,520
2.3
12,820
2.8
12,461
2.7
13,282
2.8
12,142
2.5
11,300
2.2
Malaysia
.........................
6,010
1.9
23,020
6.7
13,610
3.3
14,015
3.1
14,527
3.2
14,597
3.0
11,557
2.4
9,074
1.8
Philippines
......................
 
 
3,920
1.1
4,270
1.0
3,127
0.7
2,796
0.6
2,801
0.6
2,864
0.6
3,143
0.6
Singapore
.......................
 
 
3,930
1.1
4,500
1.1
4,098
0.9
3,727
0.8
3,843
0.8
4,030
0.8
4,250
0.8
Thailand
.........................
6,550
2.1
6,940
2.0
7,090
1.7
12,165
2.7
13,481
2.9
15,090
3.1
12,489
2.5
10,983
2.1
Stateless
3
...............................
240
0.1
190
0.1
80
(
4)
30
(
4)
109
(
4)
159
(
4)
28
(
4)
7
(
4)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
for
1980
 
81
and
1985
 
86
are
for
the
former
Federal
Republic
of
Germany.

2
Excludes
Mexico
and
Central
America,
which
are
included
with
Latin
America.

3
Home
country
unknown
or
undeclared.

4
Less
than
.05
percent.
NOTE:
Totals
and
subtotals
include
other
countries
not
shown
separately.
Data
are
for
``
nonimmigrants,''
i.
e.,
students
who
have
not
migrated
to
this
country.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
Institute
of
International
Education,
``
Open
Doors,''
various
years.
(
Latest
edition
copyright
 
2000
by
the
Institute
of
International
Education.
All
rights
reserved.)
(
This
table
was
prepared
April
2001.)
487
CHAPTER
7
Libraries
and
Educational
Technology
This
chapter
contains
statistics
on
libraries
and
on
the
use
of
information
technologies.
These
data
show
the
extent
of
America's
access
to
information
technologies
outside
of
formal
classroom
activities.
The
data
also
provide
a
capsule
description
of
the
magnitude
and
availability
of
library
resources.
Access
to
information
has
been
widely
cited
as
the
key
to
success
in
a
growing
number
of
endeavors.
Thus,
how
information
is
made
available
and
to
whom
are
matters
of
concern.
The
first
section
of
the
chapter
(
tables
417
to
419
and
422
to
425)
deals
with
public
libraries,
public
and
private
school
libraries,
and
college
and
university
libraries
It
contains
data
on
collections,
population
served,
staff,
and
expenditures.
Two
tables
provide
institutional­
level
information
for
the
largest
public
libraries
and
the
largest
college
libraries
in
the
country
The
second
half
of
the
chapter
(
tables
421,
422,
and
426
to
430)
provides
information
on
the
availability
and
use
of
technology.
For
example,
the
proportion
of
children
using
computers
at
school
is
shown
over
time.
Also
included
are
data
on
the
use
of
home
computers
by
adults
and
school
children,
with
comparisons
among
various
demographic
groups.
Related
data
may
be
found
in
various
sections
of
this
report.
For
example,
statistics
on
the
number
of
degrees
conferred
in
computer
and
information
sciences
and
library
sciences
are
in
chapter
3.
Further
information
on
survey
methodologies
is
in
the
``
Guide
to
Sources''
in
the
Appendix
and
in
the
publications
cited
in
the
source
notes.

Libraries
In
1993
 
94,
there
were
77
school
library
visits
each
week
per
100
public
school
students.
Elementary
school
students
were
more
likely
to
visit
their
school
libraries
(
86
visits
per
100
students
each
week)
than
secondary
school
students
(
61
per
100).
Private
school
students
were
slightly
less
likely
to
visit
their
libraries
(
75
per
100).
The
average
number
of
library
staff
per
school
was
1.8
at
public
schools,
and
1.2
at
private
schools.
Public
school
libraries
generally
had
smaller
numbers
of
books
on
a
per
student
basis
than
private
school
libraries.
In
1993
 
94,
public
school
libraries
held
an
average
of
1,832
books
per
100
students
compared
to
an
average
of
2,689
per
100
students
at
private
schools.
Public
elementary
school
libraries
had
larger
holdings
than
public
secondary
schools
on
a
per
student
basis,
and
elementary
school
students
checked
out
three
times
as
many
books
on
a
per
student
basis
(
1.3
per
week
compared
to
.4
per
week)
(
table
417).
The
increase
in
college
library
resources
kept
pace
with
increases
in
enrollment
between
1987
 
88
and
1997
 
98.
The
library
staff
to
student
ratio
rose
from
137
students
per
staff
member
to
150
students
per
staff
member.
The
average
library
operating
expenditure
per
student
rose
7
percent
in
constant
dollars
from
$
419
in
1987
 
88
to
$
450
in
1997
 
98
(
table
422).
In
1998,
there
were
8,964
public
libraries
in
the
United
States
with
739
million
books
and
serial
volumes
The
annual
attendance
per
capita
was
4.2
and
the
reference
transactions
per
capita
was
1.1
(
table
425).

Educational
Technology
There
has
been
widespread
introduction
of
computers
into
the
schools
in
recent
years.
In
2000,
the
average
public
school
contained
110
computers.
One
important
technological
advance
that
has
come
to
schools
following
the
introduction
of
computers
has
been
connections
to
the
Internet.
The
proportion
of
instructional
rooms
with
Internet
access
increased
from
51
percent
in
1998
to
77
percent
in
2000.
About
98
percent
of
schools
had
access
to
the
Internet
in
2000
(
table
421).
The
total
computer
usage
rate
of
students
at
school
increased
from
59
percent
in
1993
to
69
percent
in
1997.
The
rate
for
grades
1
to
8
increased
from
69
percent
in
1993
to
79
percent
in
1997.
The
school
computer
usage
rate
in
1997
was
70
percent
for
students
in
high
school
and
65
percent
for
undergraduate
students
in
college.
At
that
time,
sizable
percentages
of
students
used
computers
at
home,
though
fewer
actually
used
them
for
schoolwork.
About
43
percent
of
elementary
school
children
used
computers
at
home
and
about
24
percent
used
them
for
schoolwork.
Students
at
the
high
school
and
undergraduate
levels
were
more
likely
than
elementary
school
children
to
use
home
computers
for
schoolwork
In
general,
students
in
higher
income
families
488
LIBRARY
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
were
much
more
likely
to
use
computers
at
home
and
use
them
for
schoolwork
than
students
from
lower
income
families.
About
13
percent
of
the
high
school
students
in
the
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
household
income
group
used
computers
at
home
for
school
work
compared
to
66
percent
in
the
$
75,000
and
over
income
group
(
table
430).
The
use
of
computers
has
become
widespread
in
the
workplace.
In
1997,
50
percent
of
all
workers
used
computers
on
the
job.
More
frequent
use
of
computers
was
associated
with
higher
levels
of
education
and
higher
incomes.
Thirty­
six
percent
of
high
school
graduates
and
12
percent
of
high
school
dropouts
used
computers
at
work
compared
to
79
percent
of
those
with
master's
degrees.
Among
those
who
did
use
computers,
the
master's
degree
recipients
were
the
most
likely
to
use
the
computers
for
a
wide
variety
of
applications.
Among
the
most
common
applications
for
all
employees
using
computers
on
the
job
were:
bookkeeping/
invoicing
(
66
percent),
word
processing
(
57
percent),
communications
(
47
percent),
analysis/
spreadsheets
(
41
percent),
and
calendar/
schedule
(
38
percent).
Workers
in
the
25­
to
59­
year­
old
age
range
were
more
likely
to
use
computers
than
younger
or
older
workers.
Elementary
and
secondary
teachers
were
less
likely
to
use
computers
than
persons
employed
in
other
managerial
or
professional
fields
(
table
426).

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Fall
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percent
Figure
33.
 
Percent
of
all
public
schools
and
instructional
rooms
having
Internet
access:
Fall
1994
to
fall
2000
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fast
Response
Survey
System,
Internet
Access
in
Public
Schools
and
Classrooms:
1994­
2000.
Schools
with
Internet
access
Instructional
rooms
with
Internet
access
489
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
417.
 
Selected
statistics
on
school
library/
media
centers,
by
control
and
level
of
school:
1993
 
94
Selected
statistics
Public
Private
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
Total
Elementary
Secondary
Combined
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Number
of
schools
with
libraries
........................
77,573
(
407)
53,059
(
461)
22,643
(
464)
1,871
(
100)
19,301
(
271)
10,880
(
254)
4,178
(
260)
4,243
(
233)

Average
number
of
staff
per
library
Total
........................................................................
1.81
(
0.02)
1.69
(
0.02)
2.12
(
0.03)
1.71
(
0.06)
1.23
(
0.04)
1.09
(
0.04)
1.58
(
0.08)
1.25
(
0.08)
Certified
library/
media
specialists
......................
0.86
(
0.01)
0.79
(
0.02)
1.03
(
0.01)
0.79
(
0.03)
0.28
(
0.02)
0.20
(
0.02)
0.47
(
0.04)
0.30
(
0.02)
Full­
time
..........................................................
0.61
(
0.01)
0.51
(
0.01)
0.84
(
0.02)
0.51
(
0.03)
0.17
(
0.01)
0.07
(
0.01)
0.35
(
0.03)
0.21
(
0.02)
Part­
time
.........................................................
0.25
(
0.01)
0.28
(
0.01)
0.19
(
0.01)
0.28
(
0.04)
0.11
(
0.01)
0.12
(
0.02)
0.11
(
0.02)
0.09
(
0.02)
Other
professional
staff
......................................
0.27
(
0.01)
0.27
(
0.01)
0.26
(
0.02)
0.29
(
0.03)
0.66
(
0.02)
0.65
(
0.02)
0.65
(
0.04)
0.70
(
0.06)
Full­
time
..........................................................
0.13
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.01)
0.14
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.03)
0.23
(
0.02)
0.19
(
0.01)
0.26
(
0.03)
0.32
(
0.04)
Part­
time
.........................................................
0.13
(
0.01)
0.14
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.01)
0.16
(
0.02)
0.43
(
0.02)
0.47
(
0.02)
0.39
(
0.03)
0.39
(
0.04)
Other
paid
employees
........................................
0.68
(
0.02)
0.63
(
0.02)
0.83
(
0.02)
0.62
(
0.05)
0.29
(
0.02)
0.24
(
0.02)
0.46
(
0.04)
0.25
(
0.03)
Full­
time
..........................................................
0.34
(
0.01)
0.28
(
0.01)
0.49
(
0.02)
0.29
(
0.03)
0.07
(
0.01)
0.05
(
0.01)
0.12
(
0.02)
0.07
(
0.01)
Part­
time
.........................................................
0.34
(
0.01)
0.34
(
0.02)
0.34
(
0.01)
0.33
(
0.03)
0.22
(
0.02)
0.19
(
0.02)
0.34
(
0.03)
0.18
(
0.03)

Percentage
of
schools'
library
media
centers
with
the
following
equipment
Telephone
...............................................................
61.2
(
1.3)
55.8
(
1.8)
74.7
(
1.6)
51.6
(
3.3)
40.8
(
1.3)
30.7
(
1.6)
52.8
(
2.5)
54.6
(
4.2)
Fax
machine
...........................................................
7.8
(
0.5)
4.7
(
0.6)
15.1
(
0.8)
8.8
(
1.4)
5.1
(
0.5)
3.1
(
0.6)
7.9
(
1.1)
7.4
(
1.2)
Computer
with
modem
............................................
34.3
(
1.0)
28.3
(
1.2)
48.2
(
1.5)
38.1
(
3.0)
19.5
(
1.0)
12.2
(
1.5)
30.2
(
1.9)
27.9
(
2.7)
Automated
catalog
..................................................
24.0
(
0.9)
20.3
(
1.1)
32.8
(
1.1)
20.5
(
1.9)
9.7
(
0.7)
5.5
(
0.5)
15.8
(
1.9)
14.4
(
2.3)
Automated
circulation
system
.................................
37.9
(
1.1)
34.1
(
1.6)
47.7
(
1.3)
27.8
(
2.6)
9.5
(
0.7)
5.4
(
0.6)
16.0
(
1.8)
13.8
(
1.8)
Database
searching
with
CD­
ROM
........................
31.2
(
0.8)
23.9
(
1.2)
48.1
(
1.3)
31.4
(
3.1)
13.9
(
0.8)
6.3
(
0.8)
25.7
(
1.6)
21.6
(
2.2)
Online
database
searching
.....................................
9.4
(
0.5)
5.4
(
0.5)
18.9
(
0.9)
8.8
(
1.5)
5.5
(
0.5)
0.7
(
0.3)
12.2
(
1.2)
11.0
(
1.7)
Compact
disc
for
periodical
indices
........................
46.7
(
1.1)
39.6
(
1.5)
63.5
(
1.3)
46.6
(
3.7)
19.6
(
1.0)
12.3
(
1.1)
33.5
(
2.2)
24.6
(
2.2)
Video
laser
disc
......................................................
31.9
(
1.0)
30.3
(
1.3)
36.1
(
1.3)
26.1
(
2.8)
6.3
(
0.6)
4.8
(
0.7)
9.9
(
1.2)
6.9
(
1.1)
Connection
to
Internet
............................................
12.0
(
0.6)
9.5
(
0.8)
17.5
(
0.8)
15.0
(
1.9)
5.3
(
0.5)
2.8
(
0.8)
9.2
(
1.1)
7.5
(
1.2)
Cable
television
.......................................................
76.2
(
0.8)
75.0
(
1.1)
80.6
(
0.9)
57.7
(
3.6)
39.9
(
1.3)
42.6
(
2.0)
43.1
(
2.8)
30.1
(
2.7)
Broadcast
television
................................................
48.6
(
1.0)
48.0
(
1.4)
49.9
(
1.3)
48.1
(
3.1)
39.9
(
1.6)
42.9
(
1.9)
39.7
(
2.5)
32.2
(
3.9)
Closed
circuit
television
..........................................
25.5
(
0.7)
22.0
(
1.0)
34.0
(
1.0)
20.9
(
2.2)
8.8
(
0.7)
5.7
(
1.0)
19.2
(
1.6)
6.3
(
1.5)
Satellite
dish
............................................................
22.9
(
0.6)
14.4
(
0.7)
41.1
(
1.1)
45.2
(
3.0)
8.7
(
0.9)
5.6
(
0.9)
15.6
(
1.2)
9.8
(
2.5)

Percentage
of
schools
offering
 
Microcomputers
..................................................
90.1
(
0.7)
88.5
(
1.0)
94.0
(
1.0)
87.4
(
1.5)
75.8
(
1.6)
72.8
(
2.1)
80.6
(
2.9)
78.5
(
3.5)
Long
distance
learning
.......................................
19.0
(
0.8)
15.9
(
1.1)
24.8
(
1.0)
36.4
(
2.6)
8.8
(
0.9)
8.3
(
0.9)
8.2
(
1.6)
10.9
(
2.9)

Total
students
using
library
per
100
students
each
week
1
.........................................
77.4
(
0.6)
86.2
(
0.7)
61.4
(
0.9)
59.7
(
2.9)
74.9
(
0.7)
84.0
(
1.0)
63.7
(
1.6)
62.2
(
1.5)

Books
checked
out
per
100
students
each
week
1
101.0
(
1.9)
134.4
(
2.6)
39.0
(
1.4)
57.7
(
4.6)
85.2
(
1.9)
112.6
(
2.6)
27.9
(
2.3)
63.4
(
3.6)

Average
holdings
per
100
students
at
the
end
of
the
1992
 
93
school
year
Books
(
number
of
volumes)
....................................
1,832
(
33)
1,925
(
48)
1,650
(
26)
1,879
(
69)
2,689
(
69)
2,464
(
72)
3,277
(
225)
2,787
(
122)
Current
serial
subscriptions
(
print/
microfilm)
.........
6
(
2)
5
(
2)
7
(
2)
7
(
2)
6
(
2)
4
(
2)
11
(
2)
6
(
2)
Video
materials
(
tape
and
disc)
..............................
29
(
1)
28
(
2)
29
(
1)
41
(
5)
33
(
1)
29
(
2)
41
(
4)
39
(
4)
Other
audiovisual
materials
....................................
95
(
3)
100
(
5)
84
(
4)
109
(
14)
80
(
4)
80
(
6)
98
(
10)
68
(
6)
Microcomputer
software
..........................................
12
(
2)
15
(
1)
6
(
2)
13
(
2)
11
(
1)
15
(
1)
6
(
1)
8
(
2)
CD­
ROM
titles
.........................................................
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
2
(
2)
1
(
2)

Locally
budgeted
expenditures
3
per
student,
1992
 
93
Books
......................................................................
$
6.43
(
0.16)
$
6.48
(
0.21)
$
6.28
(
0.20)
$
7.41
(
0.60)
$
6.93
(
0.32)
$
5.23
(
0.30)
$
9.90
(
0.96)
$
8.68
(
0.59)
Current
serial
subscriptions
(
print/
microfilm)
....................................................
1.56
(
0.04)
1.10
(
0.04)
2.44
(
0.07)
1.96
(
0.12)
1.69
(
0.08)
0.74
(
0.06)
3.80
(
0.23)
2.35
(
0.16)
Video
materials
(
tape
and
disc)
..............................
0.94
(
0.03)
0.89
(
0.04)
1.06
(
0.04)
0.78
(
0.08)
0.90
(
0.05)
0.71
(
0.05)
1.21
(
0.12)
1.13
(
0.12)
Other
audiovisual
materials
....................................
0.65
(
0.03)
0.72
(
0.04)
0.52
(
0.03)
0.65
(
0.08)
0.54
(
0.04)
0.51
(
0.05)
0.66
(
0.07)
0.54
(
0.10)
Microcomputer
software
..........................................
0.69
(
0.04)
0.73
(
0.06)
0.60
(
0.04)
1.17
(
0.16)
0.81
(
0.06)
0.77
(
0.10)
0.91
(
0.09)
0.83
(
0.12)
CD­
ROM
titles
.........................................................
0.50
(
0.04)
0.33
(
0.06)
0.80
(
0.04)
0.90
(
0.16)
0.66
(
0.08)
0.34
(
0.12)
1.46
(
0.11)
0.84
(
0.10)

Expenditures
(
all
sources)
per
student,
1992
 
93
Total,
library/
media
materials
..................................
$
12.74
(
0.24)
$
12.00
(
0.31)
$
13.92
(
0.32)
$
16.79
(
1.28)
$
14.47
(
0.57)
$
10.55
(
0.55)
$
22.13
(
1.72)
$
17.96
(
1.11)
Microcomputer
hardware
...................................
2.96
(
0.16)
2.63
(
0.23)
3.57
(
0.28)
3.44
(
0.40)
3.06
(
0.40)
1.72
(
0.23)
6.05
(
1.24)
4.02
(
1.08)
Audiovisual
equipment
.......................................
1.76
(
0.08)
1.77
(
0.11)
1.77
(
0.07)
1.43
(
0.20)
1.42
(
0.13)
1.06
(
0.14)
2.65
(
0.45)
1.39
(
0.13)
Online
database
searching/
electronic
communications
...............................................
0.26
(
0.04)
0.22
(
0.06)
0.33
(
0.03)
0.32
(
0.11)
0.23
(
0.04)
0.10
(
0.04)
0.40
(
0.12)
0.41
(
0.07)

1
During
the
most
recent
full
week
of
school.
2
Data
less
than
0.5.
3
Locally
budgeted
expenditures
exclude
federal
gifts
and
grants.

NOTE:
Percentages
are
based
on
schools
that
have
library/
media
centers.
In
school
year
1990
 
91,
96
percent
of
public
and
87
percent
of
private
schools
had
library/
media
centers.
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
490
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
418.
 
Selected
statistics
on
public
school
library/
media
centers,
by
level
and
enrollment
size
of
school:
1993
 
94
Selected
statisics
Public
elementary
secondary,
and
combined
Elementary
libraries,
by
enrollment
size
of
school
Secondary
libraries,
by
enrollment
size
of
school
Total
Less
than
150
150
to
499
500
to
749
750
or
more
Total
Less
than
150
150
to
499
500
to
749
750
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Average
number
of
staff
per
library
Total
................................
1.81
(
0.02)
1.69
(
0.02)
1.39
(
0.08)
1.61
(
0.03)
1.76
(
0.05)
2.03
(
0.05)
2.12
(
0.03)
1.71
(
0.04)
1.80
(
0.05)
2.63
(
0.04)
3.58
(
0.09)
Certified
library/
media
specialists
.................
0.86
(
0.01)
0.79
(
0.02)
0.65
(
0.06)
0.75
(
0.02)
0.85
(
0.02)
0.90
(
0.04)
1.03
(
0.01)
0.89
(
0.02)
0.98
(
0.02)
1.25
(
0.02)
1.62
(
0.05)
Full­
time
..................
0.61
(
0.01)
0.51
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.04)
0.42
(
0.02)
0.66
(
0.02)
0.82
(
0.04)
0.84
(
0.02)
0.58
(
0.02)
0.92
(
0.02)
1.17
(
0.02)
1.53
(
0.05)
Part­
time
.................
0.25
(
0.01)
0.28
(
0.01)
0.52
(
0.06)
0.33
(
0.02)
0.19
(
0.03)
0.08
(
0.02)
0.19
(
0.01)
0.32
(
0.02)
0.06
(
0.02)
0.08
(
0.02)
0.09
(
0.02)
Other
professional
staff
..........................
0.27
(
0.01)
0.27
(
0.01)
0.30
(
0.04)
0.27
(
0.02)
0.25
(
0.02)
0.31
(
0.04)
0.26
(
0.02)
0.25
(
0.02)
0.17
(
0.03)
0.23
(
0.02)
0.30
(
0.04)
Full­
time
..................
0.13
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.01)
0.09
(
0.02)
0.13
(
0.01)
0.12
(
0.02)
0.22
(
0.03)
0.14
(
0.01)
0.12
(
0.02)
0.08
(
0.02)
0.14
(
0.01)
0.25
(
0.04)
Part­
time
.................
0.13
(
0.01)
0.14
(
0.01)
0.21
(
0.03)
0.14
(
0.02)
0.13
(
0.02)
0.09
(
0.03)
0.13
(
0.01)
0.13
(
0.02)
0.09
(
0.02)
0.09
(
0.01)
0.05
(
0.01)
Other
paid
employees
0.68
(
0.02)
0.63
(
0.02)
0.44
(
0.06)
0.59
(
0.03)
0.66
(
0.03)
0.82
(
0.05)
0.83
(
0.02)
0.57
(
0.03)
0.66
(
0.05)
1.14
(
0.04)
1.65
(
0.08)
Full­
time
..................
0.34
(
0.01)
0.28
(
0.01)
0.10
(
0.03)
0.22
(
0.02)
0.34
(
0.03)
0.51
(
0.04)
0.49
(
0.02)
0.27
(
0.02)
0.39
(
0.03)
0.76
(
0.04)
1.10
(
0.06)
Part­
time
.................
0.34
(
0.01)
0.34
(
0.02)
0.34
(
0.04)
0.37
(
0.03)
0.32
(
0.03)
0.31
(
0.04)
0.34
(
0.01)
0.29
(
0.02)
0.27
(
0.03)
0.38
(
0.02)
0.55
(
0.05)
Percentage
of
schools'
library
media
centers
with
the
following
equipment
Telephone
.......................
61.2
(
1.3)
55.8
(
1.8)
40.1
(
5.0)
49.4
(
2.3)
64.0
(
2.8)
73.8
(
4.0)
74.7
(
1.6)
61.2
(
2.2)
85.5
(
1.9)
90.4
(
1.3)
98.8
(
0.5)
Fax
machine
....................
7.8
(
0.5)
4.7
(
0.6)
8.2
(
2.6)
3.4
(
0.7)
5.7
(
1.3)
5.1
(
1.4)
15.1
(
0.8)
15.1
(
1.3)
18.8
(
2.3)
17.9
(
2.0)
19.9
(
2.1)
Computer
with
modem
....
34.3
(
1.0)
28.3
(
1.2)
21.9
(
4.5)
24.9
(
1.7)
33.3
(
2.8)
34.6
(
3.1)
48.2
(
1.5)
47.0
(
2.2)
51.3
(
2.9)
56.7
(
2.7)
64.8
(
2.7)
Automated
catalog
..........
24.0
(
0.9)
20.3
(
1.1)
14.2
(
3.8)
17.5
(
1.4)
24.9
(
2.1)
25.4
(
2.2)
32.8
(
1.1)
24.7
(
1.8)
32.2
(
2.7)
39.7
(
1.8)
53.1
(
3.2)
Automated
circulation
system
.........................
37.9
(
1.1)
34.1
(
1.6)
16.0
(
3.8)
28.5
(
1.9)
40.4
(
2.7)
55.0
(
3.3)
47.7
(
1.3)
36.5
(
2.0)
48.0
(
3.1)
61.9
(
2.3)
71.6
(
3.0)
Database
searching
with
CD­
ROM
......................
31.2
(
0.8)
23.9
(
1.2)
23.3
(
3.3)
21.9
(
1.7)
25.3
(
2.6)
30.1
(
2.8)
48.1
(
1.3)
45.1
(
2.1)
53.1
(
3.1)
59.4
(
2.5)
71.7
(
2.2)
Online
database
searching
.....................
9.4
(
0.5)
5.4
(
0.5)
6.0
(
1.3)
4.1
(
0.7)
7.1
(
1.3)
6.8
(
1.3)
18.9
(
0.9)
18.5
(
1.6)
20.5
(
2.6)
23.4
(
1.6)
33.3
(
2.8)
Compact
disc
for
periodical
indices
.........
46.7
(
1.1)
39.6
(
1.5)
27.0
(
3.5)
37.5
(
2.1)
42.6
(
2.7)
49.5
(
3.4)
63.5
(
1.3)
59.2
(
1.9)
69.8
(
2.7)
74.3
(
1.8)
83.2
(
2.8)
Video
laser
disc
...............
31.9
(
1.0)
30.3
(
1.3)
19.6
(
4.8)
24.8
(
1.7)
37.2
(
2.3)
44.3
(
3.1)
36.1
(
1.3)
25.5
(
1.8)
41.1
(
2.1)
42.2
(
1.8)
46.6
(
3.1)
Connection
to
Internet
.....
12.0
(
0.6)
9.5
(
0.8)
5.0
(
1.3)
8.7
(
1.4)
11.9
(
1.8)
10.0
(
1.5)
17.5
(
0.8)
16.8
(
1.5)
18.9
(
2.5)
20.9
(
1.9)
31.0
(
2.6)
Cable
television
...............
76.2
(
0.8)
75.0
(
1.1)
59.8
(
4.9)
78.0
(
1.6)
74.7
(
2.3)
73.0
(
3.0)
80.6
(
0.9)
76.3
(
1.9)
81.9
(
2.5)
87.7
(
1.3)
74.8
(
2.4)
Broadcast
television
........
48.6
(
1.0)
48.0
(
1.4)
47.0
(
4.8)
45.2
(
1.6)
51.5
(
2.5)
52.3
(
4.1)
49.9
(
1.3)
43.4
(
2.3)
52.0
(
3.1)
60.5
(
2.0)
56.6
(
2.9)
Closed
circuit
television
..
25.5
(
0.7)
22.0
(
1.0)
7.0
(
2.1)
19.2
(
1.4)
23.1
(
2.0)
41.4
(
2.9)
34.0
(
1.0)
23.4
(
1.7)
46.1
(
3.1)
44.8
(
1.7)
43.7
(
2.9)
Satellite
dish
....................
22.9
(
0.6)
14.4
(
0.7)
15.4
(
2.8)
13.6
(
1.2)
12.7
(
1.4)
21.3
(
3.1)
41.1
(
1.1)
51.9
(
2.3)
54.5
(
2.7)
45.5
(
2.0)
35.0
(
3.0)
Percentage
of
schools
offering
 
Microcomputers
..........
90.1
(
0.7)
88.5
(
1.0)
79.2
(
3.4)
89.1
(
1.6)
88.4
(
2.0)
92.1
(
2.2)
94.0
(
1.0)
94.2
(
1.1)
96.4
(
0.9)
95.7
(
1.1)
98.5
(
0.9)
Long
distance
learning
....................
19.0
(
0.8)
15.9
(
1.1)
16.7
(
2.7)
16.3
(
1.6)
14.4
(
1.7)
17.5
(
2.6)
24.8
(
1.0)
28.3
(
1.5)
25.6
(
2.0)
26.8
(
1.4)
21.6
(
2.7)
Total
students
using
library
per
100
students
each
week
1
..............
77.4
(
0.6)
86.2
(
0.7)
93.4
(
1.0)
92.1
(
0.7)
87.7
(
1.1)
73.6
(
2.2)
61.4
(
0.9)
75.2
(
1.4)
66.9
(
1.8)
61.3
(
1.1)
51.4
(
1.6)
Books
checked
out
per
100
students
each
week
1
................
101.0
(
1.9)
134.4
(
2.6)
213.0
(
11.3)
159.4
(
4.6)
132.9
(
4.7)
90.9
(
4.8)
39.0
(
1.4)
71.2
(
4.5)
45.9
(
3.5)
32.1
(
1.6)
27.4
(
2.7)
Average
holdings
per
100
students
at
the
end
of
the
1992
 
93
school
year
Books
(
number
of
volumes)
......................
1,832
(
33)
1,925
(
48)
4,839
(
302)
2,510
(
108)
1,587
(
42)
1,325
(
36)
1,650
(
26)
3,063
(
79)
1,801
(
49)
1,422
(
25)
1,133
(
29)
Current
serial
subscriptions
(
print/
microfilm)
6
(
2)
5
(
2)
20
(
2)
6
(
2)
4
(
2)
3
(
2)
7
(
2)
16
(
2)
8
(
2)
5
(
2)
3
(
2)
Video
materials
(
tape
and
disc)
.............................
29
(
1)
28
(
2)
86
(
10)
34
(
4)
25
(
2)
20
(
2)
29
(
1)
52
(
3)
35
(
2)
25
(
2)
20
(
1)
Other
audiovisual
materials
......................
95
(
3)
100
(
5)
197
(
47)
116
(
6)
97
(
9)
71
(
7)
84
(
4)
135
(
16)
102
(
10)
80
(
4)
52
(
5)
Microcomputer
software
.......................
12
(
2)
15
(
1)
55
(
14)
20
(
1)
11
(
1)
10
(
1)
6
(
2)
10
(
1)
8
(
1)
6
(
1)
4
(
2)
CD­
ROM
titles
.................
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
2
(
2)
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
1
(
2)
2
(
2)
1
(
2)
1
(
2)
(
2)
(
2)
Locally
budgeted
expenditures
3
per
student,
1992
 
93
Books
..............................
$
6.43
(
0.16)
$
6.48
(
0.21)
$
15.10(
1.21)
$
7.47
(
0.25)
$
6.37
(
0.41)
$
4.42
(
0.29)
$
6.28
(
0.20)
$
11.24(
0.51)
$
6.83
(
0.36)
$
5.68
(
0.19)
$
4.20
(
0.37)
Current
serial
subscriptions
(
print/
microfilm)
...
1.56
(
0.04)
1.10
(
0.04)
4.19
(
0.44)
1.37
(
0.06)
0.89
(
0.05)
0.76
(
0.06)
2.44
(
0.07)
4.51
(
0.20)
2.84
(
0.15)
2.20
(
0.07)
1.47
(
0.06)
Video
materials
(
tape
and
disc)
.............................
0.94
(
0.03)
0.89
(
0.04)
2.46
(
0.40)
0.93
(
0.05)
0.91
(
0.07)
0.66
(
0.07)
1.06
(
0.04)
1.85
(
0.13)
1.26
(
0.11)
0.98
(
0.07)
0.63
(
0.04)
Other
audiovisual
materials
......................
0.65
(
0.03)
0.72
(
0.04)
1.31
(
0.58)
0.82
(
0.07)
0.70
(
0.06)
0.53
(
0.07)
0.52
(
0.03)
0.96
(
0.09)
0.63
(
0.08)
0.47
(
0.04)
0.31
(
0.03)
Microcomputer
software
..
0.69
(
0.04)
0.73
(
0.06)
1.76
(
0.49)
0.86
(
0.09)
0.76
(
0.13)
0.38
(
0.05)
0.60
(
0.04)
1.31
(
0.18)
0.70
(
0.11)
0.52
(
0.04)
0.29
(
0.04)
CD­
ROM
titles
.................
0.50
(
0.04)
0.33
(
0.06)
0.98
(
0.35)
0.31
(
0.03)
0.41
(
0.16)
0.16
(
0.02)
0.80
(
0.04)
1.36
(
0.12)
0.85
(
0.10)
0.74
(
0.06)
0.57
(
0.04)
Expenditures
(
all
sources)
per
student,
1992
 
93
Total,
library/
media
materials
......................
$
12.74(
0.24)
$
12.00(
0.31)
$
31.05(
2.45)
$
14.27(
0.50)
$
11.16(
0.56)
$
8.34
(
0.45)
$
13.92(
0.32)
$
24.95(
0.80)
$
15.01(
0.72)
$
12.53(
0.45)
$
9.45
(
0.51)
Microcomputer
hardware
..................
2.96
(
0.16)
2.63
(
0.23)
6.23
(
1.32)
2.53
(
0.26)
3.14
(
0.52)
1.69
(
0.26)
3.57
(
0.28)
5.69
(
0.94)
4.04
(
0.70)
3.93
(
0.50)
1.79
(
0.21)
Audiovisual
equipment
1.76
(
0.08)
1.77
(
0.11)
4.37
(
1.28)
1.70
(
0.16)
1.91
(
0.24)
1.45
(
0.25)
1.77
(
0.07)
2.96
(
0.23)
1.69
(
0.15)
1.61
(
0.11)
1.42
(
0.14)
Online
database
searching/
electronic
communications
...............
0.26
(
0.04)
0.22
(
0.06)
0.31
(
0.16)
0.23
(
0.06)
0.26
(
0.15)
0.10
(
0.03)
0.33
(
0.03)
0.57
(
0.09)
0.26
(
0.05)
0.22
(
0.05)
0.39
(
0.08)

1
During
the
most
recent
full
week
of
school.

2
Data
less
than
0.5.

3
Locally
budgeted
expenditures
exclude
federal
gifts
and
grants.

NOTE:
Percentages
are
based
on
schools
that
have
library/
media
centers.
In
school
year
1990
 
91,
96
percent
of
public
and
87
percent
of
private
schools
had
library/
media
centers.
Data
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
491
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
419.
 
Selected
statistics
on
public
school
library/
media
centers,
by
state:
1993
 
94
State
or
other
area
Percent
of
centers
offering
selected
services/
equipment
Average
number
of
staff
per
library
1
Total
students
using
library
per
100
students
each
week
2
Books
checked
out
per
100
students
each
week
2
Books
held
per
100
students
Total
expenditures
for
materials
per
student
Computer
with
modem
Automated
catalog
Database
searching
with
CDROM
Online
database
searching
Compact
disc
for
indices
etc.
Connection
to
the
Internet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
United
States
................
34.3
(
1.0)
24.0
(
0.9)
31.2
(
0.8)
9.4
(
0.5)
46.7
(
1.1)
12.0
(
0.6)
1.81
(
0.02)
77.4
(
0.6)
101.0
(
1.9)
1,832
(
33)
$
12.74
(
0.24)

Alabama
.............................
33.0
(
4.2)
37.6
(
5.9)
29.3
(
4.0)
5.7
(
2.0)
44.1
(
4.6)
3.2
(
1.5)
1.47
(
0.06)
70.4
(
2.4)
90.8
(
14.4)
1,420
(
44)
10.93
(
0.52)
Alaska
................................
34.7
(
3.6)
34.3
(
4.0)
39.7
(
4.7)
6.8
(
1.9)
44.6
(
4.5)
15.1
(
2.3)
1.53
(
0.07)
82.5
(
2.5)
144.1
(
14.2)
2,698
(
148)
29.39
(
2.67)
Arizona
...............................
28.1
(
3.5)
38.3
(
5.3)
28.0
(
4.0)
5.6
(
2.2)
43.0
(
4.4)
6.0
(
1.9)
2.03
(
0.09)
79.2
(
2.5)
99.9
(
6.6)
1,857
(
83)
12.63
(
0.89)
Arkansas
............................
19.0
(
4.0)
18.7
(
4.0)
20.5
(
4.1)
5.6
(
2.4)
29.7
(
4.6)
8.5
(
2.5)
1.49
(
0.06)
75.0
(
3.6)
98.5
(
11.0)
1,854
(
148)
12.75
(
0.67)
California
............................
19.9
(
4.3)
14.0
(
3.4)
23.4
(
3.7)
3.1
(
1.0)
38.0
(
5.7)
6.2
(
2.3)
1.54
(
0.10)
72.8
(
2.6)
87.1
(
9.0)
1,315
(
77)
6.45
(
0.89)

Colorado
............................
47.0
(
4.7)
43.6
(
5.7)
43.3
(
5.5)
30.7
(
4.7)
60.7
(
5.5)
16.3
(
3.5)
1.89
(
0.09)
75.8
(
3.0)
104.4
(
7.2)
1,812
(
75)
13.03
(
0.76)
Connecticut
........................
43.8
(
6.5)
12.8
(
2.7)
45.4
(
5.3)
17.9
(
3.8)
54.4
(
6.0)
6.5
(
2.6)
1.69
(
0.07)
84.6
(
2.6)
89.7
(
7.1)
2,076
(
99)
14.10
(
1.25)
Delaware
............................
41.8
(
3.6)
22.5
(
3.0)
34.7
(
3.5)
14.4
(
2.5)
48.2
(
3.5)
5.7
(
2.0)
1.43
(
0.06)
74.4
(
3.5)
79.0
(
3.8)
1,428
(
64)
8.75
(
0.73)
District
of
Columbia
...........
23.5
(
4.0)
4.4
(
2.2)
25.4
(
2.8)
10.4
(
3.3)
31.2
(
3.2)
1.7
(
1.1)
1.46
(
0.08)
59.6
(
3.5)
38.5
(
3.9)
1,377
(
53)
7.53
(
0.59)
Florida
................................
45.3
(
3.8)
29.8
(
3.3)
39.9
(
3.6)
11.8
(
2.8)
71.0
(
4.0)
21.1
(
3.4)
2.04
(
0.06)
70.9
(
3.1)
80.5
(
8.4)
1,428
(
202)
9.87
(
0.57)

Georgia
..............................
29.8
(
4.7)
48.2
(
4.4)
34.5
(
4.6)
13.6
(
2.6)
46.6
(
4.7)
10.8
(
2.7)
2.07
(
0.06)
80.1
(
1.8)
97.4
(
5.7)
1,384
(
31)
12.04
(
0.47)
Hawaii
................................
75.3
(
5.3)
27.1
(
4.4)
47.7
(
5.7)
24.3
(
4.9)
64.8
(
4.9)
29.4
(
5.0)
1.46
(
0.08)
80.0
(
2.4)
143.7
(
18.6)
1,366
(
49)
10.21
(
0.67)
Idaho
..................................
29.9
(
4.2)
15.4
(
4.0)
21.6
(
4.4)
6.2
(
2.3)
32.1
(
5.1)
8.6
(
3.1)
1.68
(
0.11)
80.9
(
2.4)
106.1
(
8.3)
1,774
(
124)
10.07
(
0.60)
Illinois
.................................
32.2
(
3.5)
17.7
(
3.8)
23.0
(
3.4)
7.9
(
1.7)
36.6
(
4.2)
7.1
(
2.2)
2.05
(
0.11)
77.7
(
2.7)
104.8
(
7.6)
1,879
(
95)
12.02
(
0.81)
Indiana
...............................
29.9
(
6.7)
31.0
(
4.9)
32.0
(
5.9)
2.4
(
0.7)
66.1
(
6.3)
5.5
(
1.2)
1.93
(
0.07)
82.3
(
2.1)
133.9
(
18.1)
2,192
(
274)
13.92
(
0.94)

Iowa
...................................
38.8
(
6.4)
17.4
(
5.0)
44.2
(
5.7)
14.6
(
3.6)
71.2
(
5.7)
8.6
(
3.1)
2.15
(
0.12)
87.6
(
2.6)
138.3
(
10.6)
2,923
(
260)
17.21
(
1.59)
Kansas
...............................
24.9
(
3.0)
31.5
(
4.9)
20.9
(
3.1)
9.7
(
2.0)
46.6
(
4.5)
10.6
(
2.5)
2.00
(
0.07)
86.3
(
1.7)
127.4
(
8.7)
2,768
(
152)
24.81
(
2.59)
Kentucky
............................
30.1
(
6.2)
33.1
(
7.0)
32.3
(
5.5)
4.3
(
2.2)
60.3
(
6.3)
5.3
(
2.4)
1.77
(
0.10)
80.8
(
2.5)
109.4
(
6.8)
1,529
(
72)
13.62
(
0.88)
Louisiana
............................
24.2
(
3.9)
13.9
(
3.5)
21.9
(
3.4)
2.3
(
0.8)
28.1
(
3.8)
6.2
(
2.4)
1.43
(
0.09)
66.0
(
3.2)
93.2
(
10.1)
1,635
(
56)
15.76
(
4.25)
Maine
.................................
33.3
(
5.4)
18.9
(
4.4)
25.5
(
3.8)
5.4
(
2.0)
38.9
(
6.7)
5.4
(
1.6)
1.54
(
0.12)
87.4
(
2.6)
118.7
(
12.5)
2,141
(
124)
15.08
(
1.20)

Maryland
............................
41.0
(
3.9)
15.4
(
3.4)
31.8
(
4.5)
22.3
(
3.1)
46.2
(
4.7)
32.6
(
3.5)
1.70
(
0.08)
84.2
(
1.7)
87.0
(
4.6)
1,363
(
45)
11.25
(
0.56)
Massachusetts
...................
38.2
(
4.9)
9.1
(
1.6)
45.3
(
4.8)
8.9
(
1.6)
46.3
(
4.8)
24.1
(
3.8)
1.67
(
0.11)
71.1
(
3.3)
62.2
(
6.5)
2,003
(
134)
10.29
(
0.89)
Michigan
.............................
42.2
(
7.6)
12.1
(
3.9)
38.1
(
6.3)
10.2
(
3.8)
57.9
(
6.1)
15.1
(
5.3)
1.85
(
0.12)
80.5
(
3.3)
91.6
(
9.9)
1,797
(
89)
12.25
(
1.35)
Minnesota
..........................
35.6
(
4.8)
53.4
(
6.1)
52.9
(
6.1)
13.8
(
3.0)
69.0
(
5.6)
17.3
(
3.6)
2.43
(
0.16)
82.1
(
2.7)
128.4
(
19.5)
2,362
(
104)
15.94
(
1.31)
Mississippi
..........................
9.4
(
2.0)
5.2
(
2.1)
14.2
(
3.9)
3.0
(
1.4)
23.2
(
3.6)
3.1
(
1.3)
1.74
(
0.13)
70.0
(
3.1)
80.9
(
8.8)
1,415
(
51)
13.78
(
2.65)

Missouri
..............................
31.3
(
4.3)
39.4
(
6.7)
31.4
(
5.0)
17.8
(
3.9)
46.0
(
5.9)
15.7
(
4.2)
1.63
(
0.09)
74.2
(
2.9)
119.8
(
11.5)
2,052
(
105)
14.88
(
0.93)
Montana
.............................
50.8
(
4.3)
20.6
(
3.1)
43.7
(
4.1)
17.4
(
3.3)
58.2
(
3.6)
6.2
(
2.0)
1.73
(
0.07)
86.4
(
2.7)
139.2
(
9.9)
4,127
(
259)
28.39
(
2.34)
Nebraska
............................
31.6
(
5.0)
29.0
(
4.9)
36.3
(
5.7)
12.1
(
2.5)
58.8
(
6.0)
15.8
(
3.0)
1.65
(
0.12)
86.3
(
2.2)
140.6
(
12.0)
3,289
(
285)
24.63
(
1.77)
Nevada
...............................
18.4
(
4.0)
48.2
(
5.5)
32.2
(
4.5)
3.0
(
1.3)
37.1
(
4.2)
9.4
(
2.9)
1.96
(
0.10)
77.3
(
3.4)
82.6
(
6.4)
1,528
(
156)
10.26
(
0.91)
New
Hampshire
.................
43.9
(
6.6)
21.4
(
4.8)
39.8
(
6.6)
8.2
(
2.6)
51.2
(
5.9)
17.4
(
4.4)
1.76
(
0.08)
82.7
(
2.5)
98.6
(
10.5)
1,858
(
124)
16.82
(
1.12)

New
Jersey
........................
39.1
(
6.8)
28.5
(
6.5)
30.2
(
6.4)
7.2
(
1.4)
46.2
(
7.2)
5.2
(
1.3)
2.08
(
0.13)
77.5
(
3.5)
79.4
(
9.7)
2,198
(
233)
18.38
(
1.94)
New
Mexico
.......................
32.8
(
6.1)
21.9
(
5.3)
32.0
(
4.3)
3.9
(
1.5)
43.1
(
5.5)
7.8
(
2.4)
1.29
(
0.06)
72.3
(
2.6)
104.8
(
9.8)
1,781
(
76)
13.10
(
3.26)
New
York
...........................
39.5
(
5.5)
14.3
(
3.9)
25.2
(
3.4)
12.5
(
2.4)
44.8
(
5.1)
16.0
(
3.6)
1.90
(
0.10)
70.9
(
4.2)
74.7
(
7.7)
1,768
(
78)
11.47
(
0.96)
North
Carolina
....................
40.5
(
4.6)
29.4
(
4.0)
42.0
(
4.3)
10.8
(
1.7)
65.0
(
4.1)
7.9
(
2.3)
2.07
(
0.10)
76.1
(
2.6)
105.6
(
8.4)
1,493
(
39)
13.76
(
0.90)
North
Dakota
......................
65.8
(
5.3)
18.0
(
3.6)
27.3
(
5.1)
39.1
(
5.7)
41.1
(
6.5)
36.8
(
5.5)
1.65
(
0.06)
90.5
(
1.1)
283.2
(
56.3)
5,198
(
853)
22.43
(
1.41)

Ohio
...................................
33.1
(
7.1)
12.9
(
5.0)
16.9
(
3.9)
3.3
(
1.1)
31.9
(
6.7)
7.1
(
2.3)
1.69
(
0.09)
79.7
(
3.0)
92.8
(
8.3)
2,906
(
435)
9.87
(
1.03)
Oklahoma
...........................
20.1
(
2.7)
32.7
(
3.8)
32.5
(
3.5)
6.7
(
1.7)
44.1
(
4.2)
4.0
(
1.7)
1.81
(
0.05)
78.0
(
1.9)
114.0
(
7.3)
2,045
(
90)
22.89
(
1.49)
Oregon
...............................
38.6
(
5.8)
39.2
(
5.2)
51.5
(
6.7)
18.9
(
4.7)
49.5
(
6.5)
11.7
(
4.2)
1.87
(
0.11)
82.7
(
3.7)
112.3
(
10.9)
2,125
(
113)
17.90
(
1.45)
Pennsylvania
......................
33.9
(
6.9)
17.3
(
4.0)
32.6
(
5.5)
2.5
(
1.1)
39.2
(
6.4)
6.4
(
3.1)
1.88
(
0.11)
86.6
(
2.6)
117.0
(
14.5)
2,169
(
106)
12.36
(
1.13)
Rhode
Island
......................
25.0
(
4.9)
11.8
(
3.2)
13.0
(
3.5)
1.0
(
0.6)
21.7
(
4.8)
18.6
(
4.2)
1.75
(
0.08)
79.6
(
3.2)
103.3
(
13.3)
1,626
(
155)
7.73
(
0.90)

South
Carolina
...................
44.0
(
5.4)
46.4
(
5.0)
39.4
(
5.7)
6.9
(
1.7)
55.4
(
7.1)
13.5
(
4.1)
1.97
(
0.09)
74.6
(
3.7)
97.8
(
10.6)
1,415
(
49)
10.89
(
0.51)
South
Dakota
.....................
56.2
(
6.8)
12.6
(
3.4)
37.7
(
6.2)
23.1
(
4.2)
60.2
(
5.5)
9.0
(
2.7)
1.69
(
0.12)
87.3
(
2.2)
149.6
(
13.4)
3,075
(
271)
26.47
(
2.62)
Tennessee
.........................
15.1
(
4.3)
18.9
(
5.1)
16.6
(
4.5)
2.5
(
2.3)
34.9
(
6.5)
3.6
(
1.9)
1.46
(
0.08)
79.7
(
2.8)
84.1
(
7.9)
1,550
(
79)
8.19
(
0.60)
Texas
.................................
39.4
(
4.6)
20.5
(
4.2)
27.2
(
3.1)
9.9
(
2.8)
33.9
(
3.8)
24.7
(
4.2)
1.81
(
0.07)
75.7
(
2.6)
109.1
(
7.3)
1,554
(
69)
14.62
(
0.97)
Utah
...................................
22.2
(
3.6)
37.4
(
4.1)
28.6
(
3.6)
5.1
(
2.3)
39.1
(
3.6)
6.7
(
1.9)
1.67
(
0.07)
70.5
(
2.4)
88.8
(
5.4)
1,235
(
54)
7.92
(
0.50)

Vermont
.............................
47.0
(
4.9)
27.2
(
5.6)
35.3
(
4.2)
14.5
(
3.3)
51.9
(
4.8)
32.2
(
3.4)
1.80
(
0.11)
86.8
(
1.7)
153.8
(
29.1)
2,871
(
156)
25.50
(
2.40)
Virginia
...............................
61.7
(
8.3)
35.5
(
6.1)
38.6
(
5.8)
10.6
(
2.9)
72.4
(
7.0)
31.4
(
5.6)
1.85
(
0.11)
82.6
(
2.8)
118.6
(
14.4)
1,716
(
76)
13.03
(
0.85)
Washington
........................
40.2
(
5.2)
35.7
(
5.6)
43.1
(
3.6)
11.7
(
2.9)
53.1
(
4.9)
13.0
(
2.6)
1.91
(
0.10)
85.7
(
1.9)
127.8
(
8.9)
1,728
(
53)
13.16
(
1.18)
West
Virginia
......................
24.7
(
6.0)
16.7
(
4.2)
18.0
(
4.0)
8.3
(
3.5)
31.0
(
5.5)
6.4
(
3.2)
0.95
(
0.09)
67.1
(
4.4)
79.0
(
11.9)
1,666
(
124)
7.15
(
0.67)
Wisconsin
...........................
34.2
(
6.5)
27.2
(
4.7)
36.1
(
5.0)
14.8
(
3.8)
57.1
(
6.1)
9.0
(
2.6)
1.98
(
0.11)
83.9
(
2.9)
138.9
(
14.6)
2,430
(
117)
21.84
(
1.19)
Wyoming
............................
39.0
(
3.4)
28.0
(
4.2)
32.1
(
5.7)
8.1
(
2.5)
41.7
(
4.5)
6.6
(
2.3)
1.82
(
0.10)
80.4
(
2.1)
158.0
(
13.8)
3,968
(
379)
22.42
(
1.61)

1
Includes
professional
and
nonprofessional
staff.
2
During
the
most
recent
full
week
of
school.

NOTE:
Percentages
are
based
on
schools
that
have
library/
media
centers.
In
school
year
1990
 
91,
96
percent
of
public
schools
had
library/
media
centers.
Data
have
been
revised
from
previously
published
figures.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1993
 
94,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
2001.)
492
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
420.
 
Percent
of
public
and
private
schools
having
access
to
selected
telecommunication
capabilities,
by
location
of
access
site
and
control
of
school:
1995
and
1998
 
99
Telecommunications
capabilities
Percent
of
schools
having
access
Percent
of
schools
with
telecommunicatons
access,
by
location
Administrative
offices
Teacher
workrooms
Classrooms
Computer
labs
Library/
media
centers
Other
instructional
rooms
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
All
public
schools,
1995
Computer
with
any
telecommunication
capabilities
via
local
area
network
................................
77
73
20
45
71
64
 
Computer
with
any
telecommunication
capabilities
via
modem
.................................................
76
61
10
30
41
64
 
Computer
with
any
telecommunication
capabilities
via
wide
area
network
................................
61
58
14
35
41
68
 
Broadcast
television
...........................................................
71
35
28
82
47
88
 
Cable
television
.................................................................
76
33
25
72
42
91
 
Closed
circuit
television
.....................................................
28
50
32
91
60
89
 
Two­
way
video
with
two­
way
audio
...................................
13
24
17
57
37
69
 
One­
way
video
with
two­
way
audio
or
computer
link
.................................................................
7
26
15
63
41
54
 
All
private
schools,
1998
 
99
Computer
connected
to
a
local
area
network
.................................................................
49
79
 
51
68
45
31
Computer
with
modem
......................................................
73
81
 
41
50
31
18
Computer
with
connection
or
access
to
the
Internet
................................................................
67
79
 
44
56
41
21
Computer
with
connection
or
access
to
the
Intranet
................................................................
19
86
 
61
75
54
30
Stand­
alone
computer
(
i.
e.,
not
connected
to
any
network)
.............................................................
85
68
 
83
52
42
39
Computer
with
multimedia
capabilities
(
e.
g.,
CD­
ROM,
speakers)
............................................
81
83
 
69
70
48
35
Interactive
television/
computer
with
two­
way
audio/
visual
.....................................................
12
12
 
54
65
38
28
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Location
estimates
are
based
on
those
schools
having
access
to
each
type
of
telecommunication
capability.
Percents
of
schools
reporting
telecommunication
locations
do
not
sum
to
100
because
many
schools
have
access
in
more
than
one
location.
Data
are
derived
from
a
sample
survey
and
are
subject
to
sampling
error.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fast
Response
Survey
System,
Advanced
Telecommunications
in
U.
S.
Public
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools,
1995;
and
Advanced
Telecommunications
in
U.
S.
Private
Schools:
1998
 
99.
(
This
table
was
prepared
May
2001.)
493
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
421.
 
Public
schools
and
school
classrooms
with
access
to
the
Internet,
by
school
characteristics:
1994
to
2000
Schools,
computers,
instruction
rooms,
and
access
All
public
schools
Instructional
level
1
Size
of
school
enrollment
Metropolitan
status
Percent
of
students
eligible
for
free
or
reduced­
price
lunch
2
Elementary
Secondary
Less
than
300
300
to
999
1,000
or
more
City
Urban
fringe
Town
Rural
Less
than
35
percent
35
to
49
percent
50
to
74
percent
75
percent
or
more
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Estimated
number
of
schools
1995
......................................
77,853
57,705
18,083
20,673
50,044
7,136
17,906
18,464
19,539
21,944
37,450
13,627
12,808
13,166
1997
......................................
79,125
59,695
19,430
20,540
51,169
7,416
21,071
23,419
12,637
21,998
37,525
12,250
16,302
12,864
1998
......................................
78,791
59,173
19,193
20,095
50,655
8,041
20,698
26,265
11,306
20,522
38,156
12,088
13,967
14,541
1999
......................................
78,399
59,575
17,110
20,018
50,389
7,992
21,034
26,245
11,235
19,885
35,653
13,908
16,099
11,993
2000
......................................
80,127
59,782
18,414
20,067
51,887
8,173
21,115
26,584
11,879
20,550
36,563
12,414
17,030
13,912
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
333)
(
293)
(
220)
(
479)
(
467)
(
165)
(
88)
(
98)
(
182)
(
273)
(
1,530)
(
1,185)
(
991)
(
1,263)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
665)
(
722)
(
521)
(
1,263)
(
681)
(
291)
(
605)
(
514)
(
343)
(
506)
(
1,211)
(
977)
(
1,067)
(
949)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
650)
(
569)
(
359)
(
697)
(
206)
(
217)
(
1,380)
(
1,746)
(
1,323)
(
1,478)
(
1,215)
(
792)
(
1,071)
(
923)
Percent
of
schools
having
access
to
the
Internet
1994
......................................
35
30
49
30
35
58
40
38
29
35
39
36
31
20
1995
......................................
50
46
65
39
52
69
47
59
47
48
60
48
41
31
1996
......................................
65
61
77
57
66
80
64
75
61
60
74
59
53
53
1997
......................................
78
75
89
75
78
89
74
78
84
79
86
81
71
62
1998
......................................
89
88
94
87
89
95
92
85
90
92
92
93
88
79
1999
......................................
95
94
98
96
94
96
93
96
94
96
95
98
96
89
2000
......................................
98
97
3
100
96
98
99
96
98
98
99
99
99
97
94
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.3)
(
1.6)
(
2.1)
(
3.4)
(
1.4)
(
2.4)
(
2.1)
(
2.8)
(
3.2)
(
3.4)
(
2.0)
(
2.2)
(
3.0)
(
3.7)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
0.8)
(
1.0)
(
0.8)
(
1.5)
(
1.0)
(
1.7)
(
1.5)
(
1.2)
(
2.5)
(
1.4)
(
1.1)
(
0.9)
(
1.7)
(
3.1)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
0.5)
(
0.7)
(
0.2)
(
1.7)
(
0.5)
(
0.6)
(
1.1)
(
1.2)
(
1.2)
(
0.9)
(
0.7)
(
0.7)
(
1.3)
(
1.7)
Number
of
computers
for
instructional
purposes,
in
thousands
1995
4
....................................
5,621
3,453
2,021
850
3,600
1,171
1,497
1,526
1,404
1,195
2,905
806
950
882
1997
......................................
5,959
3,701
2,258
839
3,767
1,353
1,727
2,084
934
1,214
3,154
886
1,013
890
1998
......................................
7,111
4,519
2,549
952
4,414
1,744
2,148
2,606
1,047
1,311
3,630
1,105
1,127
1,235
1999
......................................
7,806
4,923
2,728
1,021
4,952
1,834
2,320
2,975
1,022
1,489
3,900
1,245
1,429
1,170
2000
......................................
8,776
5,296
3,271
1,135
5,524
2,117
2,537
3,396
1,155
1,689
4,394
1,373
1,606
1,384
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
183)
(
145)
(
94)
(
53)
(
136)
(
106)
(
74)
(
129)
(
58)
(
77)
(
198)
(
114)
(
89)
(
155)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
147)
(
114)
(
103)
(
76)
(
127)
(
101)
(
113)
(
121)
(
50)
(
75)
(
152)
(
115)
(
116)
(
98)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
174)
(
149)
(
113)
(
73)
(
121)
(
103)
(
179)
(
213)
(
132)
(
131)
(
147)
(
93)
(
112)
(
107)
Mean
number
of
instructional
computers
per
school
1995
4
....................................
72
60
112
41
72
164
84
83
72
54
78
59
74
67
1997
......................................
75
62
116
41
74
183
82
89
74
55
84
72
62
69
1998
......................................
90
76
133
47
87
217
104
99
93
64
95
91
81
85
1999
......................................
100
83
159
51
98
229
110
113
91
75
109
90
89
98
2000
......................................
110
89
178
57
106
259
120
128
97
82
120
111
94
99
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
2.3)
(
2.4)
(
4.9)
(
2.6)
(
2.5)
(
13.0)
(
3.6)
(
4.9)
(
5.2)
(
3.6)
(
3.7)
(
6.1)
(
4.5)
(
7.7)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
2.2)
(
2.2)
(
6.4)
(
2.5)
(
2.3)
(
10.7)
(
4.7)
(
4.2)
(
4.2)
(
3.6)
(
2.8)
(
6.8)
(
5.6)
(
5.2)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
2.0)
(
2.4)
(
5.3)
(
3.1)
(
2.3)
(
9.0)
(
4.9)
(
4.3)
(
5.6)
(
3.6)
(
3.4)
(
5.9)
(
5.7)
(
5.5)
Number
of
instructional
computers
with
access
to
the
Internet,
in
thousands
1995
4
....................................
447
232
187
59
315
73
96
131
126
94
286
46
57
36
1998
......................................
3,569
2,100
1,450
407
2,276
887
1,026
1,334
481
727
2,064
608
439
458
1999
......................................
4,809
2,773
1,945
663
2,988
1,158
1,265
1,887
691
966
2,762
778
810
428
2000
......................................
6,759
3,813
2,779
882
4,191
1,686
1,782
2,688
955
1,335
3,608
1,064
1,215
858
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
173)
(
148)
(
79)
(
38)
(
140)
(
73)
(
87)
(
105)
(
46)
(
73)
(
151)
(
79)
(
48)
(
78)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
145)
(
111)
(
89)
(
60)
(
132)
(
68)
(
94)
(
93)
(
50)
(
70)
(
140)
(
59)
(
79)
(
55)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
174)
(
136)
(
113)
(
69)
(
114)
(
97)
(
148)
(
178)
(
111)
(
91)
(
139)
(
80)
(
93)
(
87)
Percent
of
instructional
computers
with
access
to
the
Internet
1995
4
....................................
8
7
9
7
9
6
6
9
9
8
10
6
6
4
1998
......................................
50
46
57
43
52
51
48
51
46
55
57
55
39
37
1999
......................................
62
56
71
65
60
63
55
63
68
65
71
62
57
37
2000
......................................
77
72
85
78
76
80
70
79
83
79
82
77
76
62
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.7)
(
2.5)
(
2.1)
(
3.4)
(
2.2)
(
3.4)
(
3.0)
(
2.8)
(
4.1)
(
3.4)
(
2.0)
(
4.2)
(
2.9)
(
4.6)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.4)
(
1.6)
(
2.4)
(
3.0)
(
1.7)
(
3.6)
(
2.6)
(
2.4)
(
3.1)
(
2.7)
(
2.2)
(
3.6)
(
2.8)
(
3.6)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.1)
(
1.5)
(
1.2)
(
2.6)
(
1.3)
(
1.8)
(
2.1)
(
1.7)
(
2.5)
(
2.1)
(
1.2)
(
2.9)
(
2.6)
(
3.1)
Number
of
instructional
rooms,
5
in
thousands
1997
......................................
2,625
1,720
906
335
1,725
566
830
902
388
505
1,336
375
462
447
1998
......................................
2,709
1,772
916
349
1,740
620
839
981
390
498
1,372
413
451
471
1999
......................................
2,811
1,830
926
360
1,805
645
857
1,049
375
530
1,325
477
541
437
2000
......................................
2,905
1,864
972
377
1,871
657
866
1,086
413
541
1,380
465
570
482
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
41)
(
29)
(
25)
(
15)
(
34)
(
21)
(
22)
(
24)
(
14)
(
17)
(
60)
(
39)
(
29)
(
42)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
36)
(
33)
(
29)
(
26)
(
39)
(
30)
(
29)
(
33)
(
16)
(
23)
(
46)
(
34)
(
42)
(
34)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
35)
(
28)
(
24)
(
22)
(
23)
(
23)
(
56)
(
61)
(
47)
(
39)
(
46)
(
28)
(
36)
(
29)
Percent
of
instructional
rooms
5
with
access
to
the
Internet
1994
......................................
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
2
4
2
1995
......................................
8
8
8
9
8
4
6
8
8
8
9
6
6
3
1996
......................................
14
13
16
15
13
16
12
16
14
14
17
12
11
5
1997
......................................
27
24
32
27
28
25
20
29
34
30
33
33
20
14
1998
......................................
51
51
52
54
53
45
47
50
55
57
57
60
41
38
1999
......................................
63
62
67
71
64
58
52
67
72
71
73
69
61
38
2000
......................................
77
76
79
83
78
70
66
78
87
85
82
81
77
60
1998
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.7)
(
2.3)
(
2.1)
(
5.4)
(
5.3)
(
4.5)
(
3.2)
(
2.9)
(
4.0)
(
3.6)
(
2.4)
(
5.1)
(
3.9)
(
4.3)
1999
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.6)
(
1.8)
(
2.6)
(
3.2)
(
1.9)
(
3.0)
(
2.6)
(
2.5)
(
3.4)
(
3.0)
(
2.3)
(
3.4)
(
3.1)
(
4.4)
2000
(
standard
error)
............
(
1.1)
(
1.5)
(
1.6)
(
2.8)
(
1.5)
(
2.2)
(
2.2)
(
2.0)
(
2.6)
(
1.7)
(
1.5)
(
2.9)
(
2.8)
(
3.3)

1
Excludes
combined
elementary/
secondary
schools
because
of
small
sample
size.

2
Excludes
schools
missing
data
for
free
and
reduced
price
lunch
participation.

3
This
estimate
fell
between
99.5
percent
and
100.0
percent
and
therefore
was
rounded
to
100
percent.

4
Includes
computers
used
for
instructional
or
administrative
purposes.

5
Includes
all
classrooms,
computer
labs,
and
library/
media
centers.
NOTE:
Data
are
derived
from
sample
surveys
and
are
subject
to
sampling
error.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
because
of
rounding
of
weighted
estimates.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Fast
Response
Survey
System,
Internet
Access
in
U.
S.
Public
Schools
and
Classrooms:
1994
 
2000;
and
unpublished
data
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
494
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
422.
 
General
statistics
of
college
and
university
libraries:
1976
 
77
to
1997
 
98
Item
1976
 
77
1
1978
 
79
1
1981
 
82
1984
 
85
1987
 
88
1991
 
92
1994
 
95
1996
 
97
1997
 
98
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Number
of
libraries
.............................
3,058
3,122
3,104
3,322
3,438
3,274
3,303
3,408
3,658
General
collection
transactions,
in
thousands
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
183,123
186,545
175,409
Reserve
collection
transactions,
in
thousands
....................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
48,380
44,189
40,658
Total
enrollment,
in
thousands
2
.........
11,121
11,392
12,372
12,242
12,767
14,359
14,279
14,300
14,502
Full­
time­
equivalent
enrollment,
in
thousands
2
..................................
8,313
8,348
9,015
8,952
9,230
10,361
10,348
10,402
10,217
Collections,
thousands
of
units
Number
of
volumes
at
end
of
year
.....
481,442
519,895
567,826
631,727
718,504
749,429
776,447
806,717
878,906
Number
of
volumes
added
during
year
.................................................
22,367
21,608
19,507
20,658
21,907
20,982
21,544
21,346
24,551
Number
of
serial
subscriptions
at
end
of
year
.............................................
4,670
4,775
4,890
6,317
6,416
6,966
6,212
5,709
3
10,908
Microform
units
at
end
of
year
...........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,062,082
Electronic
units
at
end
of
year
4
.........
 
 
 
 
 
 
465
983
3,473
Library
staff,
in
full­
time
equivalents
(
FTE)
Total
staff
in
regular
positions
5
..........
57,087
58,416
58,476
58,476
67,251
67,166
67,433
67,581
68,337
FTE
student
enrollment
per
FTE
staff
145.6
142.9
154.2
153.1
137.2
154.3
153.5
153.9
149.5
Librarians
and
professional
staff
....
23,308
23,676
23,816
21,822
25,115
26,341
26,726
27,268
30,041
Other
paid
staff
..............................
33,779
34,740
34,660
38,026
40,733
40,421
40,381
40,022
38,026
Contributed
services
......................
 
 
 
 
1,403
404
326
291
270
Student
assistants
..........................
 
 
 
 
33,821
29,075
28,411
27,998
28,373
Hours
of
student
and
other
assistance,
in
thousands
.................
39,950
39,552
40,068
28,360
 
 
 
 
 
Library
operating
expenditures
(
excluding
capital
outlay)
Operating
expenditures,
total,
in
thousands
....................................
$
1,259,637
$
1,502,158
$
1,943,769
$
2,404,524
$
2,770,075
$
3,648,654
$
4,013,333
$
4,301,815
$
4,592,657
Salaries
6
........................................
698,090
824,438
1,081,894
1,156,138
1,451,551
1,889,368
2,021,233
2,147,842
2,314,380
Hourly
wages
.................................
68,683
79,535
100,847
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fringe
benefits
...............................
 
 
 
231,209
 
 
 
 
 
Preservation
...................................
22,521
25,274
30,351
32,939
34,144
43,126
46,554
45,610
42,919
Furniture/
equipment
.......................
 
 
 
 
 
 
55,915
56,128
57,013
Computer
hardware/
software
.........
 
 
 
 
 
 
128,128
157,949
164,379
Utilities/
networks/
consortia
.............
 
 
 
 
 
 
81,106
85,113
89,618
Information
resources
....................
373,699
450,180
561,199
750,282
891,281
1,197,293
1,348,933
1,499,249
1,600,995
Books
and
serial
backfiles­
paper
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
514,048
Books
and
serial
backfiles­
electronic
...................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28,061
Current
serials­
paper
................
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
849,399
Current
serials­
electronic
..........
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
125,470
Audiovisual
materials
.................
 
 
 
 
 
23,879
28,753
28,879
30,623
Document
delivery/
interlibrary
loan
..........................................
 
 
 
 
 
 
12,238
17,645
19,309
Other
collection
expenditures
.....
373,699
450,180
561,199
750,282
891,281
1,173,414
1,307,942
1,452,725
34,086
Other
library
operating
expenditures
................................
96,643
122,731
169,478
233,957
393,099
518,867
331,463
309,925
323,354
Operating
expenditures
per
FTE
student
.....................................
152
180
216
269
300
352
388
414
450
Operating
expenditures
per
FTE
student
in
constant
1997
 
98
dollars
..........................................
418
425
371
411
419
412
417
421
450
Operating
expenditures,
total,
in
percents
.......................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Salaries
6
........................................
55.4
54.9
55.7
48.1
52.4
51.8
50.4
49.9
50.4
Hourly
wages
.................................
5.5
5.3
5.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fringe
benefits
...............................
 
 
 
9.6
 
 
 
 
 
Preservation
...................................
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
0.9
Information
resources
....................
29.7
30.0
28.9
31.2
32.2
32.8
33.6
34.9
34.9
Other
library
operating
expenditures
7
..............................
7.7
8.2
8.7
9.7
14.2
14.2
14.9
14.2
13.8
Library
operating
expenditures
as
percent
of
total
institutional
expenditures
for
educational
and
general
purposes
............................
3.8
3.7
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.8
 
 
 
Not
available.

1
Includes
data
for
U.
S.
territories.

2
Fall
enrollment
for
the
academic
year
specified.

3
Includes
microform
and
electronic
serials.

4
Electronic
files,
formerly
labeled
``
Computer
files.''

5
Excludes
student
assistants.

6
Includes
expenditures
for
fringe
benefits
(
except
for
1984
 
85
and
1987
 
88),
salary
equivalents
of
contributed
services
staff,
and
hourly
wages
for
1996
 
97
and
1997
 
98.
7
Includes
furniture/
equipment,
computer
hardware/
software,
and
utilities/
networks/
consortia
as
well
as
expenditures
classified
above
as
``
other
library
operating
expenditures.''

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Library
Statistics
of
Colleges
and
Universities,
various
years;
and
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Academic
Library
Survey,''
various
years,
and
``
Fall
Enrollment
Survey
1997.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
495
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
423.
 
Selected
statistics
on
the
collections,
staff,
and
operating
expenditures
of
60
large
college
and
university
libraries:
1998
Institution
Rank
order,
by
number
of
volumes
Number
of
volumes
at
end
of
year,
in
thousands
Full­
time­
equivalent
staff
Operating
expenditures
in
thousands
Public
service
hours
per
week
Gate
count
per
week
Reference
transactions
per
week
Total
Professional
Total
Salaries
and
wages
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Harvard
University
(
MA)
..........................................
1
13,982
1,188
351
$
84,473
$
38,250
104
37,560
12,138
Yale
University
(
CT)
................................................
2
10,108
611
163
48,331
18,393
111
14,080
1,476
University
of
Illinois,
Urbana
Campus
.....................
3
9,171
543
115
26,207
14,221
107
34,521
12,743
University
of
Texas,
Austin
......................................
4
7,649
574
132
28,744
13,788
147
143,570
5,781
University
of
California,
Berkeley
............................
5
7,263
642
77
29,922
16,611
83
34,521
7,130
University
of
California,
Los
Angeles
......................
6
7,212
546
129
38,092
20,419
87
86,602
7,510
University
of
Michigan,
Ann
Arbor
...........................
7
7,072
594
145
34,655
15,941
168
48,236
4,420
Stanford
University
(
CA)
..........................................
8
7,036
601
113
47,211
22,997
49
14,080
2,197
Columbia
University,
Main
Division
(
NY)
................
9
7,018
513
128
30,743
15,369
104
 
 
University
of
Chicago
(
IL)
........................................
10
6,271
336
69
21,285
9,140
111
34,120
1,327
Indiana
University,
Bloomington
..............................
11
6,039
499
106
24,336
12,343
115
73,799
11,844
University
of
Wisconsin,
Madison
...........................
12
5,902
501
125
29,187
15,833
131
140,386
7,034
University
of
Washington
.........................................
13
5,820
502
138
26,605
14,598
106
34,521
7,130
Ohio
State
University,
Main
Campus
......................
14
5,784
417
91
23,417
10,786
109
45,696
29,439
University
of
Minnesota,
Twin
Cities
.......................
15
5,613
431
88
28,490
13,258
106
34,521
4,786
Cornell
University
(
NY)
............................................
16
5,218
468
97
22,218
11,078
104
 
2,057
Princeton
University
(
NJ)
.........................................
17
5,095
371
106
27,049
12,403
112
 
 
University
of
North
Carolina,
Chapel
Hill
................
18
4,928
431
122
24,333
11,315
145
 
4,510
Duke
University
(
NC)
...............................................
19
4,764
359
110
23,919
10,220
122
 
3,426
University
of
Pennsylvania
......................................
20
4,673
392
112
28,838
11,837
143
35,590
7,582
Rutgers
University
(
NJ)
...........................................
21
4,643
327
72
17,640
10,830
108
74,268
4,473
University
of
Virginia,
Main
Campus
.......................
22
4,514
363
95
22,854
12,230
117
34,521
8,173
Michigan
State
University
........................................
23
4,188
273
57
16,596
7,798
114
 
3,183
New
York
University
................................................
24
4,167
419
92
26,646
13,112
115
38,000
5,995
University
of
Kansas,
Main
Campus
.......................
25
4,106
238
59
13,144
6,186
102
34,521
7,130
University
of
Arizona
...............................................
26
4,080
293
69
16,157
6,569
154
26,651
2,510
Northwestern
University
(
IL)
....................................
27
3,954
351
92
18,443
9,189
123
35,940
1,700
University
of
Iowa
....................................................
28
3,927
298
76
20,095
9,040
106
53,661
6,717
University
of
Oklahoma,
Norman
Campus
..............
29
3,797
146
33
8,787
3,197
108
16,996
3,529
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Main
Campus
(
PA)
..........
30
3,552
335
85
17,909
7,798
120
49,933
6,107
University
of
Georgia
...............................................
31
3,458
360
71
18,825
8,164
104
22,898
2,348
University
of
Florida
.................................................
32
3,401
416
111
19,920
9,403
108
57,272
4,600
University
of
Southern
California
.............................
33
3,337
338
80
23,975
10,128
24
60,846
3,129
Washington
University
(
MO)
...................................
34
3,295
265
73
18,040
6,727
117
47,046
8,494
University
of
Hawaii,
Manoa
....................................
35
3,167
243
65
11,934
6,574
87
29,671
3,513
State
U.
of
New
York,
Buffalo,
Main
Campus
........
36
3,107
263
72
14,733
7,427
90
62,400
6,890
Johns
Hopkins
University
(
MD)
...............................
37
3,098
308
58
22,904
8,907
120
31,258
43,066
Arizona
State
University
..........................................
38
3,074
295
82
17,332
7,920
102
30,944
4,948
University
of
South
Carolina
at
Columbia
...............
39
3,067
277
78
15,232
6,492
111
21,000
3,500
Wayne
State
University
(
MI)
...................................
40
3,046
278
46
16,050
7,631
97
50,144
17,256
Syracuse
University,
Main
Campus
(
NY)
................
41
3,036
273
49
10,354
5,284
105
14,852
4,536
University
of
Colorado,
Boulder
..............................
42
3,022
258
62
17,875
7,248
106
2,045
4,582
Louisiana
State
U.
&
A&
M
&
Hebert
Laws
Center
43
3,014
203
50
10,816
4,953
111
41,287
2,931
University
of
Rochester
(
NY)
...................................
44
2,996
216
59
12,256
5,377
116
21,811
1,232
Brown
University
(
RI)
..............................................
45
2,979
241
61
13,528
6,574
111
20,392
1,451
University
of
Missouri,
Columbia
.............................
46
2,856
246
58
11,274
5,365
104
30,874
2,677
Pennsylvania
State
University,
Main
Campus
........
47
2,832
415
77
22,642
10,769
168
71,665
5,191
University
of
Massachusetts
at
Amherst
.................
48
2,826
194
46
11,163
5,571
105
27,000
2,750
Brigham
Young
University
(
UT)
..............................
49
2,823
386
84
13,494
6,612
101
71,917
9,968
Kansas
State
University
..........................................
50
2,770
139
42
7,302
3,208
90
15,407
1,549
Southern
Illinois
University,
Carbondale
.................
51
2,740
229
40
11,097
5,239
92
15,340
3,035
University
of
Kentucky
.............................................
52
2,719
362
87
17,418
7,962
144
45,284
3,881
North
Carolina
State
University
at
Raleigh
.............
53
2,713
324
85
17,222
6,924
146
35,654
2,952
University
of
Maryland,
College
Park
Campus
.......
54
2,700
329
108
16,373
9,213
98
58,789
6,311
University
of
Utah
....................................................
55
2,684
381
67
19,778
8,563
105
76,231
7,538
University
of
California,
Davis
.................................
56
2,672
267
50
14,781
8,464
87
24,217
4,431
University
of
Notre
Dame
(
IN)
.................................
57
2,644
237
46
15,032
6,192
126
20,000
1,080
University
of
California,
San
Diego
.........................
58
2,578
322
49
18,729
9,693
109
36,180
3,501
Vanderbilt
University
(
TN)
.......................................
59
2,512
291
80
15,946
7,299
111
21,600
2,103
Auburn
University,
Main
Campus
(
AL)
....................
60
2,505
142
32
9,267
3,792
99
11,799
3,280
 
Not
available.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
``
Academic
Library
Survey
1998.''
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
2001.)
496
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
LIBRARIES
Table
424.
 
General
statistics
of
public
libraries,
by
population
of
legal
service
area:
1998
Item
Population
of
legal
service
area
Total
Under
10,000
10,000
to
49,999
50,000
to
99,999
100,000
to
249,999
250,000
to
499,999
500,000
and
over
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Number
of
public
library
service
outlets
....................................................
17,113
5,690
4,179
1,790
2,177
1,133
2,144
Central
libraries
..............................................
8,887
5,370
2,548
493
330
82
64
Branch
libraries
..............................................
7,293
248
1,317
1,108
1,662
980
1,978
Bookmobiles
..................................................
933
72
314
189
185
71
102
Collections,
in
thousands
Books
and
serial
volumes
1
...........................
739,168
97,416
180,593
88,086
108,978
73,215
190,880
Audio
and
video
materials
and
films
.............
45,394
4,448
10,769
5,466
7,100
4,581
13,030
Serial
subscriptions
........................................
1,913
268
483
219
261
178
503
Paid
staff,
in
full­
time
equivalents
Librarians
.......................................................
40,689
5,727
10,659
4,831
5,856
4,093
9,522
Librarians
with
ALA­
MLS
2
........................
28,178
1,182
6,639
3,566
4,642
3,290
8,859
Other
staff
......................................................
82,755
4,955
19,688
11,130
14,566
9,101
23,315
Income,
in
thousands
Total
operating
income
..................................
$
6,737,820
$
435,326
$
1,548,994
$
842,681
$
1,116,459
$
765,433
$
2,028,927
Percentage
distribution
Source
of
operating
income
Total
..........................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Federal
3
.......................................................
0.8
1.5
0.6
0.7
0.9
0.7
0.9
State
.............................................................
12.6
8.1
12.5
14.1
11.3
12.9
13.2
Local
.............................................................
77.6
70.4
77.4
76.8
80.9
79.8
76.5
Other
.............................................................
9.0
20.2
9.6
8.3
7.0
6.5
9.5
1
Some
data
are
different
from
other
tables
due
to
a
different
population
base.
2
ALA­
MLS=
A
master's
degree
from
a
graduate
library
education
program
accredited
by
the
American
Library
Association
(
ALA).
3
Excludes
some
federal
funds
received
through
state
library
agencies.

NOTE:
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Totals
may
be
underestimated
due
to
nonresponse
on
item
or
legal
service
area.
In
three
states
(
Michigan,
Pennsylvania
and
Texas),
some
public
libraries
reported
data
for
fiscal
year
1997.
Most
of
West
Virginia's
data
are
for
fiscal
year
1997.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Public
Libraries
in
the
United
States:
FY
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
June
2001.)

Table
425.
 
Public
libraries,
books
and
serial
volumes,
library
visits,
and
reference
transactions,
by
state:
Fiscal
year
1998
State
Number
of
public
libraries
Number
of
books
and
serial
volumes
1
(
in
thousands
Number
of
books
and
serial
volumes
per
capita
Library
visits
per
capita
2
Circulation
per
capita
Public
library
reference
transactions
per
capita
3
State
Number
of
public
libraries
Number
of
books
and
serial
volumes
1
(
in
thousands
Number
of
books
and
serial
volumes
per
capita
Library
visits
per
capita
2
Circulation
per
capita
Public
library
reference
transactions
per
capita
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
United
States
........
8,964
739,168
2.9
4.2
6.6
1.1
Alabama
....................
207
8,285
2.1
3.4
4.0
0.6
Missouri
....................
154
22,409
4.7
4.6
8.6
1.0
Alaska
........................
83
2,026
3.3
4.9
6.1
0.7
Montana
...................
79
2,565
3.0
3.8
5.8
0.5
Arizona
......................
40
8,289
1.8
4.3
6.2
1.1
Nebraska
..................
235
5,391
3.8
4.6
8.1
0.8
Arkansas
....................
38
5,080
2.1
2.4
4.0
0.4
Nevada
.....................
23
4,046
2.3
3.4
5.0
1.1
California
...................
176
64,554
1.9
3.8
5.0
1.1
New
Hampshire
.......
228
5,267
4.5
4.6
7.5
0.8
Colorado
....................
111
10,501
2.7
5.3
9.2
1.4
New
Jersey
..............
307
30,096
3.7
4.8
5.9
1.0
Connecticut
................
194
14,413
4.4
6.2
8.5
1.3
New
Mexico
.............
72
4,138
2.9
5.1
5.6
0.8
Delaware
...................
30
1,302
2.0
3.8
5.5
0.8
New
York
.................
746
77,121
4.6
6.2
7.4
1.9
District
of
Columbia
...
1
2,951
5.7
3.4
2.7
(
4)
North
Carolina
..........
75
14,892
2.0
3.7
5.7
1.0
Florida
........................
76
26,787
1.8
3.5
4.9
1.7
North
Dakota
............
79
2,098
3.8
4.3
7.3
0.7
Georgia
......................
57
14,556
1.9
3.0
4.5
0.8
Ohio
..........................
250
44,766
4.0
5.5
12.5
1.4
Hawaii
........................
1
3,036
2.5
4.8
6.5
2.0
Oklahoma
.................
115
5,916
2.2
4.1
5.9
0.7
Idaho
..........................
103
3,299
3.2
5.4
7.8
0.8
Oregon
.....................
127
7,752
2.5
(
4)
10.2
0.7
Illinois
.........................
626
40,720
3.8
5.4
7.9
1.5
Pennsylvania
5
..........
458
25,734
2.2
3.3
4.8
0.7
Indiana
.......................
238
22,213
4.4
5.8
10.9
1.4
Rhode
Island
............
48
4,126
4.1
5.1
6.6
0.8
Iowa
...........................
530
11,518
4.0
5.1
9.0
0.7
South
Carolina
.........
40
7,415
1.9
3.0
4.5
1.2
Kansas
.......................
316
9,855
4.7
5.4
9.7
1.3
South
Dakota
...........
111
2,572
5.0
5.0
8.9
(
4)
Kentucky
....................
116
7,507
2.1
3.1
5.5
0.5
Tennessee
...............
142
8,611
1.6
2.9
4.0
0.9
Louisiana
...................
65
10,372
2.4
2.9
4.3
0.8
Texas
5
.....................
522
35,737
2.0
2.9
4.3
1.0
Maine
.........................
269
5,543
5.4
5.0
7.9
0.8
Utah
..........................
70
5,454
2.7
5.1
9.7
(
4)
Maryland
....................
24
14,657
2.9
(
4)
8.9
1.5
Vermont
....................
193
2,705
5.0
5.0
6.9
(
4)
Massachusetts
...........
371
29,711
4.9
(
4)
7.7
(
4)
Virginia
.....................
90
17,327
2.6
4.5
7.6
1.1
Michigan
5
..................
379
25,622
2.8
4.1
5.5
0.9
Washington
..............
66
14,634
2.7
(
4)
9.7
(
4)
Minnesota
..................
134
15,024
3.2
4.6
9.1
1.2
West
Virginia
6
..........
97
4,939
2.8
3.2
5.1
0.9
Mississippi
.................
48
5,524
2.0
2.6
3.3
0.4
Wisconsin
.................
381
17,822
3.4
5.5
9.0
1.2
Wyoming
..................
23
2,287
4.7
5.1
7.8
1.0
1
Some
data
are
different
from
other
tables
due
to
a
different
population
base.
2
The
total
number
of
persons
entering
the
library
for
whatever
purpose
during
the
year.
3
A
reference
transaction
is
an
information
contact
which
involves
the
knowledge,
use,
recommendations,
interpretation
or
instructions
in
the
use
of
one
or
more
information
sources
by
a
member
of
the
library
staff.
4
Response
rate
less
than
70
percent.
5
Some
public
libraries
reported
data
for
fiscal
year
1997.
6
Most
data
are
for
fiscal
year
1997.
NOTE:
Totals
may
be
underestimated
due
to
nonresponse.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Public
Libraries
in
the
United
States:
FY
1998.
(
This
table
was
prepared
July
2001.)
497
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
TECHNOLOGY
Table
426.
 
Percent
of
workers,
18
years
old
and
over,
using
computers
on
the
job,
by
selected
characteristics
and
computer
activities:
October
1993
and
October
1997
Selected
characteristics
Percent
using
computers
at
work,
1993
1997
Percent
using
computers
at
work
Number
using
computers
at
work,
in
thousands
Percent
of
on­
the­
job
computer
workers
using
specific
computer
applications
1
Analysis/

spreadsheets
Bookkeeping
invoicing,
and
inventory
Communications
2
Calendar

schedule
Data
bases
Desktop
publishing

graphics
Programming
Sales
and
telemarketing
Word
processing
Using
4
or
more
categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Total
.......................................
45.8
49.8
(
0.2)
63,885
40.9
66.4
47.0
37.5
34.1
26.1
15.0
22.1
57.0
44.0
Age
18
to
24
..................................
34.4
37.1
(
0.7)
6,007
28.2
70.3
35.3
28.0
23.4
18.4
11.0
23.5
43.1
30.5
25
to
29
..................................
48.3
52.5
(
0.7)
7,984
41.7
69.8
46.6
38.3
35.0
25.8
16.3
23.4
58.3
45.7
30
to
39
..................................
50.7
53.3
(
0.5)
18,864
44.0
67.0
49.1
39.6
35.4
28.3
16.7
24.0
58.5
46.8
40
to
49
..................................
51.3
54.9
(
0.5)
18,182
43.6
65.8
48.6
39.5
36.9
27.1
15.7
20.6
58.9
46.4
50
to
59
..................................
43.9
50.7
(
0.6)
10,092
39.1
62.8
49.0
37.2
33.5
26.1
13.5
19.6
58.8
43.1
60
or
older
..............................
27.2
32.6
(
0.9)
2,755
33.5
62.1
42.2
29.4
28.8
21.6
10.0
21.3
54.1
35.9
Educational
attainment
and
sex
Not
high
school
graduate
.......
10.0
11.9
(
0.5)
1,645
18.6
68.9
23.4
22.1
17.3
10.7
8.7
19.7
30.7
20.2
High
school
graduate
.............
34.2
36.4
(
0.4)
15,395
28.7
72.0
34.1
29.0
23.1
16.6
10.1
21.0
41.5
30.7
Some
college
..........................
50.4
53.6
(
0.5)
14,172
36.5
71.6
42.6
36.0
31.3
24.1
13.7
24.0
52.7
40.6
Associate
degree
....................
58.2
60.7
(
0.8)
6,580
38.9
69.8
43.7
36.0
33.0
25.5
15.1
19.7
52.7
41.2
Bachelor's
degree
...................
68.8
73.9
(
0.5)
17,335
52.7
63.9
57.1
44.0
43.1
32.4
18.9
25.8
67.6
55.3
Master's
degree
......................
71.2
78.7
(
0.8)
6,004
53.8
51.7
63.4
48.1
45.8
39.7
20.8
18.4
80.1
59.8
Doctor's
or
professional
degree
.....................................
66.9
74.6
(
1.2)
2,754
46.6
47.5
64.9
42.0
39.0
30.3
16.2
10.5
75.2
50.2
Male
........................................
40.3
44.1
(
0.3)
30,336
46.5
64.3
51.4
39.2
36.8
29.4
20.0
24.6
53.9
47.2
Not
high
school
graduate
..
8.5
9.8
(
0.5)
854
20.9
70.1
25.6
22.6
15.6
11.8
9.3
17.8
26.1
20.6
High
school
graduate
.........
24.2
27.1
(
0.5)
6,096
29.5
67.4
33.1
25.3
22.9
17.8
11.8
20.5
29.4
27.7
Some
college
.....................
42.8
46.0
(
0.7)
6,188
39.3
69.4
44.4
35.5
31.3
27.0
19.6
27.1
46.4
41.4
Associate
degree
...............
52.6
55.2
(
1.2)
2,790
42.8
64.2
45.5
34.9
34.9
28.7
20.4
20.6
45.3
41.8
Bachelor's
degree
..............
69.8
74.3
(
0.7)
9,258
60.0
64.0
62.1
47.4
46.9
35.7
24.1
30.5
66.6
60.0
Master's
degree
.................
75.4
79.8
(
1.1)
3,201
63.3
56.6
70.6
54.6
50.8
41.9
27.8
23.8
80.5
67.4
Doctor's
or
professional
degree
.................................
66.5
73.4
(
1.4)
1,949
47.9
50.3
67.3
43.7
38.6
31.9
18.2
11.6
74.6
52.0
Female
....................................
52.4
56.5
(
0.3)
33,549
35.8
68.3
43.1
36.0
31.6
23.1
10.5
19.9
59.8
41.0
Not
high
school
graduate
..
12.5
15.4
(
0.8)
791
16.0
67.7
20.9
21.6
19.1
9.4
8.0
21.7
35.6
19.8
High
school
graduate
.........
45.2
46.9
(
0.6)
9,299
28.3
75.0
34.7
31.5
23.3
15.9
8.9
21.4
49.4
32.6
Some
college
.....................
58.6
61.5
(
0.7)
7,984
34.4
73.2
41.1
36.4
31.3
21.8
9.1
21.7
57.5
40.1
Associate
degree
...............
63.7
65.4
(
1.0)
3,790
36.0
73.9
42.4
36.8
31.7
23.2
11.2
19.0
58.1
40.7
Bachelor's
degree
..............
67.6
73.5
(
0.7)
8,077
44.4
63.8
51.4
40.1
38.8
28.7
12.9
20.4
68.8
50.0
Master's
degree
.................
66.5
77.5
(
1.1)
2,804
43.0
46.0
55.2
40.7
40.1
37.3
12.8
12.2
79.7
51.0
Doctor's
or
professional
degree
.................................
68.2
77.6
(
2.1)
805
43.7
41.0
59.1
37.8
39.9
26.4
11.4
7.9
76.8
45.9
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
...............
48.7
53.8
(
0.3)
51,904
42.1
67.1
47.7
38.0
34.9
27.1
15.2
23.2
57.9
45.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
................
36.2
40.0
(
0.7)
5,462
33.1
64.3
43.7
36.1
29.6
21.2
14.1
17.1
52.0
37.2
Hispanic
..................................
29.3
30.2
(
0.8)
3,843
32.2
67.0
40.5
33.7
27.0
20.2
10.6
19.0
50.0
35.1
Other
.......................................
43.9
49.2
(
1.3)
2,675
45.8
57.4
49.5
35.8
37.8
25.0
19.3
16.2
59.4
44.7
Occupational
group
Managerial
and
professional
specialty
..............................
67.7
74.6
(
0.4)
28,427
52.4
61.0
58.6
45.2
42.6
36.3
19.1
20.6
71.7
56.0
Executive,
administrative,
and
managerial
................
72.3
77.5
(
0.5)
14,528
60.1
76.3
61.4
49.7
47.2
32.6
17.6
30.9
74.5
63.7
Professional
specialty
occupations
.........................
68.3
71.7
(
0.6)
13,900
44.4
45.1
55.8
40.4
37.8
40.3
20.8
9.8
68.7
47.8
Teachers,
except
college
and
university
...............
49.1
60.3
(
1.2)
2,961
33.1
31.9
39.7
38.4
27.5
42.3
10.8
4.6
73.6
39.8
Teachers,
college
and
university
......................
72.5
79.9
(
2.2)
759
51.5
27.1
74.6
37.3
40.2
41.3
23.9
5.4
83.5
48.9
Technical,
sales,
and
administrative
support
.....................
65.5
79.1
(
0.4)
25,739
35.1
74.6
41.8
33.9
30.4
19.4
11.9
28.1
52.1
39.5
Technicians
and
related
support
.............................
69.9
75.1
(
1.1)
3,226
42.9
51.8
49.4
35.5
36.9
26.1
31.2
7.7
49.6
41.4
Sales
occupations
..............
48.8
54.8
(
0.7)
8,277
38.4
83.0
43.0
34.3
31.3
21.0
10.5
57.2
46.1
44.8
Administrative
support,
including
clerical
.................
76.7
77.6
(
0.5)
14,235
31.4
75.0
39.4
33.3
28.3
17.0
8.3
15.9
56.2
36.0
Service
occupations
...............
14.7
16.4
(
0.5)
2,752
15.7
52.3
27.6
27.9
17.4
9.6
6.6
11.0
34.4
17.9
Precision
production,
craft,
and
repair
............................
23.2
25.0
(
0.6)
3,501
29.6
62.8
31.6
27.0
22.5
18.2
16.3
11.1
29.0
26.2
Operators,
fabricators,
and
laborers
..................................
14.9
17.3
(
0.5)
3,154
19.1
63.1
21.3
19.0
14.6
12.6
9.7
9.2
17.4
15.4
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
8.5
9.3
(
0.9)
311
40.2
79.3
22.8
27.3
33.0
11.2
10.2
19.1
33.7
33.0
Family
income
3
Less
than
$
20,000
..................
25.1
26.7
(
0.5)
5,915
27.6
67.8
34.0
28.7
24.0
19.4
11.7
22.2
44.9
31.4
$
20,000
to
$
29,999
................
38.4
38.4
(
0.6)
7,310
30.3
69.4
36.9
30.2
26.1
21.8
10.5
20.0
48.0
34.3
$
30,000
to
$
39,999
................
45.7
45.8
(
0.6)
8,915
35.7
67.4
42.2
33.7
29.4
23.8
12.8
20.8
50.8
38.0
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
................
51.9
52.3
(
0.7)
7,737
40.0
69.0
43.6
36.9
31.8
25.4
15.0
21.0
53.8
42.5
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
................
60.6
59.9
(
0.5)
16,966
42.7
65.8
48.6
38.9
36.1
27.2
16.5
20.6
58.4
45.5
$
75,000
or
more
.....................
65.9
69.7
(
0.5)
17,042
51.4
63.6
58.4
44.6
42.3
30.6
17.8
25.7
68.4
54.7
1
Individuals
may
be
counted
in
more
than
one
computer
activity.

2
Includes
bulletin
boards
and
electronic
mail.

3
Excludes
persons
whose
income
data
were
not
available.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
households
and
are
subject
to
sampling
and
nonsampling
error.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
October
1997,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
August
1998.)
498
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
TECHNOLOGY
Table
427.
 
Access
to
and
use
of
home
computers,
by
selected
characteristics
of
students
and
other
users:
October
1997
Selected
characteristics
Percent
with
computers
at
home
Number
using
computers
at
home,
in
thousands
Percent
using
computers
at
home
Distribution
of
frequency
of
use
per
week
for
persons
using
computers
in
home
Percent
of
persons
whose
home
computer
has
specific
capabilities
1
6
or
7
days
4
or
5
days
2
or
3
days
1
day
or
less
CD­
ROM
drive
Printer
Modem
Internet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Total,
all
persons
...
43.0
(
0.2)
81,013
30.3
(
0.2)
23.4
(
0.2)
20.1
(
0.2)
32.6
(
0.2)
24.0
(
0.2)
71.3
(
0.2)
85.5
(
0.2)
71.1
(
0.2)
52.1
(
0.3)

Sex
Male
.............................
44.3
(
0.2)
41,260
31.6
(
0.2)
27.1
(
0.2)
20.1
(
0.2)
30.6
(
0.2)
22.2
(
0.2)
72.1
(
0.3)
85.5
(
0.2)
71.7
(
0.3)
52.9
(
0.3)
Female
.........................
41.7
(
0.2)
39,753
29.1
(
0.2)
19.6
(
0.2)
20.0
(
0.2)
34.6
(
0.2)
25.8
(
0.2)
70.6
(
0.3)
85.6
(
0.2)
70.5
(
0.3)
51.2
(
0.3)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
49.2
(
0.2)
68,026
35.5
(
0.2)
23.5
(
0.2)
20.2
(
0.2)
32.1
(
0.2)
24.3
(
0.2)
72.4
(
0.3)
87.1
(
0.2)
72.8
(
0.3)
53.7
(
0.3)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
22.8
(
0.4)
4,943
14.7
(
0.3)
20.8
(
0.7)
20.5
(
0.7)
37.6
(
0.8)
21.2
(
0.7)
58.2
(
1.0)
75.2
(
0.9)
57.7
(
1.0)
40.3
(
1.0)
Hispanic
.......................
22.2
(
0.5)
4,081
13.5
(
0.4)
23.3
(
0.8)
17.3
(
0.7)
36.4
(
0.9)
23.1
(
0.8)
69.1
(
1.1)
78.2
(
1.0)
60.8
(
1.2)
44.4
(
1.2)
Age
Under
5
........................
39.0
(
0.6)
1,675
8.5
(
0.3)
12.2
(
0.5)
16.3
(
0.5)
38.1
(
0.7)
33.5
(
0.7)
71.9
(
0.8)
83.3
(
0.7)
74.5
(
0.8)
53.8
(
0.9)
5
to
9
...........................
46.4
(
0.6)
7,599
37.1
(
0.6)
11.8
(
0.4)
17.6
(
0.5)
44.2
(
0.6)
26.4
(
0.6)
74.7
(
0.7)
83.8
(
0.6)
71.5
(
0.8)
50.5
(
0.8)
10
to
14
.......................
55.1
(
0.6)
9,500
48.7
(
0.6)
21.1
(
0.5)
21.8
(
0.5)
38.0
(
0.6)
19.1
(
0.5)
75.5
(
0.7)
87.9
(
0.5)
70.6
(
0.7)
50.3
(
0.8)
15
to
19
.......................
53.0
(
0.6)
8,395
43.1
(
0.5)
24.7
(
0.5)
22.4
(
0.5)
32.4
(
0.6)
20.5
(
0.5)
73.7
(
0.7)
88.0
(
0.5)
69.9
(
0.7)
52.3
(
0.8)
20
to
24
.......................
41.2
(
0.6)
4,975
28.5
(
0.6)
28.3
(
0.8)
20.2
(
0.7)
28.9
(
0.8)
22.6
(
0.7)
69.5
(
1.0)
83.4
(
0.8)
69.8
(
1.0)
53.0
(
1.1)
25
to
29
.......................
39.3
(
0.6)
5,963
31.7
(
0.6)
26.1
(
0.7)
22.3
(
0.6)
30.0
(
0.7)
21.7
(
0.6)
70.1
(
0.9)
80.4
(
0.8)
75.8
(
0.9)
58.4
(
1.0)
30
to
39
.......................
47.0
(
0.4)
15,393
35.8
(
0.4)
24.2
(
0.4)
20.6
(
0.4)
32.0
(
0.4)
23.2
(
0.4)
71.9
(
0.5)
84.5
(
0.4)
72.8
(
0.5)
53.5
(
0.6)
40
to
49
.......................
54.0
(
0.4)
15,346
38.3
(
0.4)
24.3
(
0.4)
18.8
(
0.3)
30.3
(
0.4)
26.6
(
0.4)
73.9
(
0.5)
87.4
(
0.4)
73.0
(
0.5)
54.4
(
0.6)
50
to
59
.......................
44.2
(
0.5)
7,679
28.5
(
0.5)
26.6
(
0.5)
19.8
(
0.5)
28.0
(
0.5)
25.7
(
0.5)
66.5
(
0.7)
86.2
(
0.5)
67.6
(
0.7)
50.7
(
0.8)
60
to
69
.......................
27.5
(
0.6)
3,162
16.2
(
0.5)
29.7
(
0.8)
17.5
(
0.7)
24.1
(
0.8)
28.6
(
0.8)
61.0
(
1.2)
86.8
(
0.8)
63.5
(
1.1)
42.3
(
1.2)
70
or
older
...................
13.2
(
0.4)
1,327
5.9
(
0.3)
29.4
(
1.1)
17.8
(
1.0)
25.4
(
1.1)
27.5
(
1.1)
59.0
(
1.6)
86.1
(
1.1)
60.4
(
1.5)
38.6
(
1.5)
Family
income
Less
than
$
5,000
.........
19.4
(
0.6)
1,517
13.3
(
0.5)
31.1
(
1.3)
16.7
(
1.1)
26.8
(
1.3)
25.3
(
1.3)
63.2
(
1.8)
81.9
(
1.4)
66.2
(
1.8)
44.6
(
1.8)
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.........
12.1
(
0.4)
1,575
8.1
(
0.3)
24.8
(
1.2)
19.6
(
1.1)
29.4
(
1.3)
26.1
(
1.3)
59.6
(
1.8)
81.0
(
1.4)
56.7
(
1.8)
40.5
(
1.8)
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.....
15.6
(
0.4)
2,197
9.7
(
0.3)
26.2
(
1.1)
17.7
(
0.9)
31.4
(
1.1)
24.8
(
1.0)
55.9
(
1.5)
74.5
(
1.3)
54.7
(
1.5)
38.7
(
1.4)
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.....
18.4
(
0.5)
2,084
12.0
(
0.4)
25.9
(
1.1)
20.4
(
1.0)
29.9
(
1.1)
23.8
(
1.1)
60.5
(
1.5)
77.8
(
1.3)
60.0
(
1.5)
42.7
(
1.5)
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.....
25.5
(
0.5)
3,645
17.1
(
0.4)
25.1
(
0.8)
18.9
(
0.7)
31.4
(
0.9)
24.5
(
0.8)
59.9
(
1.2)
80.9
(
0.9)
58.1
(
1.2)
38.8
(
1.2)
$
25,000
to
$
29,999
.....
31.4
(
0.6)
4,174
21.0
(
0.5)
23.3
(
0.7)
19.3
(
0.7)
33.3
(
0.8)
24.1
(
0.8)
62.2
(
1.1)
77.6
(
0.9)
61.0
(
1.1)
42.0
(
1.1)
$
30,000
to
$
34,999
.....
38.3
(
0.6)
5,003
25.7
(
0.5)
22.5
(
0.7)
20.5
(
0.6)
32.9
(
0.7)
24.1
(
0.7)
66.4
(
1.0)
82.6
(
0.8)
64.1
(
1.0)
43.7
(
1.0)
$
35,000
to
$
39,999
.....
43.6
(
0.6)
5,367
29.1
(
0.6)
22.7
(
0.6)
18.5
(
0.6)
34.1
(
0.7)
24.7
(
0.6)
65.9
(
0.9)
84.3
(
0.7)
66.3
(
0.9)
46.1
(
1.0)
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
51.1
(
0.5)
9,627
35.4
(
0.5)
22.2
(
0.5)
19.5
(
0.4)
33.3
(
0.5)
25.1
(
0.5)
68.2
(
0.7)
86.0
(
0.5)
67.6
(
0.7)
46.4
(
0.7)
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
62.3
(
0.4)
21,685
44.6
(
0.4)
22.1
(
0.3)
20.2
(
0.3)
32.5
(
0.4)
25.1
(
0.3)
73.9
(
0.4)
87.2
(
0.3)
74.3
(
0.4)
53.9
(
0.5)
$
75,000
or
more
..........
77.6
(
0.4)
24,138
58.0
(
0.4)
24.1
(
0.3)
21.1
(
0.3)
32.8
(
0.3)
22.0
(
0.3)
80.9
(
0.4)
89.8
(
0.3)
81.1
(
0.4)
64.5
(
0.5)

Total,
all
students
......
54.6
(
0.3)
32,459
45.1
(
0.3)
21.7
(
0.2)
21.2
(
0.2)
36.3
(
0.3)
20.8
(
0.2)
74.6
(
0.3)
86.9
(
0.3)
71.9
(
0.4)
52.9
(
0.4)

Preprimary
..............
45.2
(
0.9)
2,493
29.6
(
0.8)
10.8
(
0.6)
17.7
(
0.8)
41.2
(
1.0)
30.3
(
0.9)
74.8
(
1.2)
85.4
(
0.9)
73.4
(
1.2)
53.5
(
1.3)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
50.7
(
0.5)
14,056
43.4
(
0.5)
16.5
(
0.4)
19.9
(
0.4)
41.5
(
0.5)
22.1
(
0.4)
75.2
(
0.6)
86.0
(
0.4)
71.0
(
0.6)
50.3
(
0.6)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
55.7
(
0.6)
7,699
48.8
(
0.6)
23.9
(
0.5)
22.8
(
0.5)
33.6
(
0.6)
19.6
(
0.5)
74.6
(
0.7)
88.6
(
0.5)
70.2
(
0.8)
51.5
(
0.8)
Undergraduate
........
64.7
(
0.7)
6,179
49.8
(
0.7)
30.8
(
0.7)
22.3
(
0.6)
29.0
(
0.7)
17.9
(
0.6)
73.3
(
0.9)
86.9
(
0.7)
73.6
(
0.9)
57.6
(
1.0)
Graduate
.................
75.3
(
1.2)
2,032
67.2
(
1.3)
34.1
(
1.2)
25.4
(
1.1)
26.9
(
1.1)
13.6
(
0.9)
73.6
(
1.5)
89.4
(
1.0)
78.9
(
1.4)
65.1
(
1.6)
Sex
Male
.............................
54.8
(
0.4)
16,213
45.2
(
0.4)
24.4
(
0.4)
21.1
(
0.3)
35.1
(
0.4)
19.4
(
0.3)
75.5
(
0.5)
86.5
(
0.4)
72.3
(
0.5)
53.4
(
0.6)
Preprimary
..............
46.5
(
1.3)
1,308
30.3
(
1.2)
13.4
(
0.9)
20.1
(
1.1)
37.1
(
1.3)
29.4
(
1.3)
74.3
(
1.6)
83.3
(
1.4)
72.3
(
1.6)
53.6
(
1.8)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
50.9
(
0.6)
7,257
43.6
(
0.6)
18.0
(
0.5)
20.8
(
0.5)
41.2
(
0.7)
20.1
(
0.5)
75.1
(
0.8)
85.6
(
0.6)
70.8
(
0.8)
50.2
(
0.9)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
56.1
(
0.9)
3,971
49.3
(
0.9)
27.3
(
0.8)
21.8
(
0.7)
31.4
(
0.8)
19.6
(
0.7)
76.4
(
1.0)
88.7
(
0.7)
71.9
(
1.0)
53.0
(
1.1)
Undergraduate
........
66.6
(
1.0)
2,841
51.3
(
1.0)
36.9
(
1.1)
20.4
(
0.9)
26.9
(
1.0)
15.8
(
0.8)
76.9
(
1.3)
87.2
(
1.0)
76.1
(
1.3)
60.8
(
1.5)
Graduate
.................
73.8
(
1.9)
834
64.1
(
2.0)
40.3
(
1.9)
24.5
(
1.7)
25.4
(
1.7)
9.8
(
1.2)
74.2
(
2.2)
88.3
(
1.7)
77.8
(
2.1)
63.7
(
2.5)
Female
.........................
54.4
(
0.4)
16,246
44.9
(
0.4)
19.0
(
0.3)
21.3
(
0.3)
37.4
(
0.4)
22.3
(
0.4)
73.7
(
0.5)
87.3
(
0.4)
71.6
(
0.5)
52.4
(
0.6)
Preprimary
..............
43.9
(
1.3)
1,185
28.8
(
1.2)
8.0
(
0.8)
15.0
(
1.0)
45.6
(
1.4)
31.4
(
1.3)
75.5
(
1.7)
87.7
(
1.3)
74.7
(
1.7)
53.4
(
1.9)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
50.5
(
0.7)
6,799
43.3
(
0.7)
15.0
(
0.5)
18.9
(
0.5)
41.7
(
0.7)
24.3
(
0.6)
75.3
(
0.8)
86.4
(
0.6)
71.3
(
0.8)
50.4
(
0.9)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
55.2
(
0.9)
3,728
48.1
(
0.9)
20.3
(
0.7)
23.9
(
0.8)
36.1
(
0.8)
19.7
(
0.7)
72.6
(
1.1)
88.5
(
0.8)
68.4
(
1.1)
49.9
(
1.2)
Undergraduate
........
63.1
(
0.9)
3,337
48.6
(
0.9)
25.7
(
0.9)
23.9
(
0.9)
30.7
(
0.9)
19.7
(
0.8)
70.4
(
1.2)
86.7
(
0.9)
71.7
(
1.2)
55.0
(
1.3)
Graduate
.................
76.5
(
1.6)
1,197
69.6
(
1.7)
29.7
(
1.5)
26.0
(
1.4)
28.0
(
1.5)
16.3
(
1.2)
73.2
(
1.9)
90.2
(
1.3)
79.7
(
1.7)
66.0
(
2.1)
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
65.4
(
0.3)
26,229
54.9
(
0.4)
21.4
(
0.3)
21.4
(
0.3)
35.8
(
0.3)
21.4
(
0.3)
76.4
(
0.4)
89.1
(
0.3)
74.1
(
0.4)
55.2
(
0.4)
Preprimary
..............
56.9
(
1.1)
2,080
38.4
(
1.1)
11.2
(
0.7)
17.4
(
0.8)
41.8
(
1.1)
29.6
(
1.0)
77.1
(
1.3)
87.3
(
1.0)
74.9
(
1.3)
54.9
(
1.5)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
62.0
(
0.6)
11,340
54.4
(
0.6)
16.0
(
0.4)
20.3
(
0.4)
41.1
(
0.5)
22.6
(
0.4)
77.2
(
0.6)
88.5
(
0.5)
74.0
(
0.6)
53.2
(
0.7)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
68.7
(
0.7)
6,265
60.9
(
0.7)
23.9
(
0.6)
23.0
(
0.6)
32.8
(
0.6)
20.3
(
0.5)
76.3
(
0.8)
90.6
(
0.5)
72.1
(
0.8)
53.5
(
0.9)
Undergraduate
........
71.3
(
0.7)
4,927
55.1
(
0.8)
31.1
(
0.8)
22.1
(
0.7)
27.9
(
0.8)
18.9
(
0.7)
74.6
(
1.0)
89.0
(
0.7)
75.4
(
1.0)
59.9
(
1.1)
Graduate
.................
78.9
(
1.3)
1,617
70.3
(
1.5)
33.0
(
1.3)
25.8
(
1.2)
27.1
(
1.2)
14.0
(
1.0)
74.3
(
1.6)
90.5
(
1.1)
78.6
(
1.5)
65.2
(
1.8)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
28.2
(
0.7)
2,330
21.1
(
0.6)
20.3
(
1.0)
21.9
(
1.0)
41.1
(
1.2)
16.6
(
0.9)
57.8
(
1.5)
75.3
(
1.3)
58.6
(
1.5)
39.1
(
1.5)
Preprimary
..............
17.8
(
1.5)
139
9.8
(
1.2)
11.3
(
2.4)
19.8
(
3.0)
31.0
(
3.5)
37.8
(
3.7)
55.5
(
4.7)
80.5
(
3.8)
62.0
(
4.6)
43.0
(
4.7)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
26.8
(
0.9)
1,078
20.6
(
0.8)
19.7
(
1.3)
17.2
(
1.3)
47.3
(
1.7)
15.8
(
1.2)
58.3
(
2.0)
74.0
(
1.8)
55.4
(
2.0)
34.8
(
1.9)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
26.6
(
1.4)
534
21.0
(
1.3)
19.9
(
2.1)
27.6
(
2.4)
38.4
(
2.6)
14.1
(
1.8)
56.2
(
3.1)
73.8
(
2.8)
57.5
(
3.1)
39.4
(
3.1)
Undergraduate
........
37.8
(
2.0)
394
25.6
(
1.8)
19.2
(
2.7)
26.4
(
3.0)
38.4
(
3.3)
16.0
(
2.5)
56.2
(
4.1)
73.1
(
3.6)
61.3
(
4.0)
40.3
(
4.0)
Graduate
.................
63.0
(
4.4)
185
56.3
(
4.5)
34.4
(
4.3)
24.7
(
3.9)
26.5
(
4.0)
14.3
(
3.2)
67.0
(
5.5)
87.6
(
3.8)
75.6
(
5.0)
61.0
(
5.7)
Hispanic
.......................
27.2
(
0.8)
1,944
21.1
(
0.7)
22.2
(
1.1)
18.7
(
1.1)
41.1
(
1.4)
18.0
(
1.1)
72.8
(
1.6)
77.9
(
1.5)
60.8
(
1.7)
45.2
(
1.8)
Preprimary
..............
21.2
(
1.5)
134
11.2
(
1.1)
9.6
(
1.9)
17.3
(
2.4)
43.3
(
3.1)
29.9
(
2.9)
65.8
(
3.7)
74.7
(
3.4)
67.4
(
3.7)
46.0
(
3.9)
1st
to
8th
grade
......
24.0
(
0.8)
863
18.6
(
0.7)
18.0
(
1.1)
17.3
(
1.1)
44.2
(
1.5)
20.4
(
1.2)
72.8
(
1.7)
75.7
(
1.6)
57.7
(
1.9)
43.6
(
1.9)
9th
to
12th
grade
....
25.8
(
1.7)
458
21.6
(
1.6)
25.0
(
2.5)
19.3
(
2.3)
37.1
(
2.8)
18.6
(
2.2)
73.2
(
3.3)
81.0
(
2.9)
58.0
(
3.7)
41.0
(
3.7)
Undergraduate
........
45.8
(
2.6)
430
37.3
(
2.5)
29.1
(
2.9)
21.1
(
2.6)
38.7
(
3.1)
11.2
(
2.0)
74.4
(
3.6)
81.1
(
3.2)
65.0
(
3.9)
50.9
(
4.1)
Graduate
.................
(
2)
 
(
2)
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
(
2)
 
Family
income
Less
than
$
5,000
.........
29.5
(
1.2)
812
22.6
(
1.1)
30.7
(
1.7)
16.7
(
1.4)
31.2
(
1.7)
21.4
(
1.5)
66.8
(
2.3)
86.1
(
1.7)
69.3
(
2.2)
49.5
(
2.4)
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.........
20.8
(
0.9)
790
15.8
(
0.8)
27.0
(
1.7)
18.9
(
1.5)
32.7
(
1.8)
21.5
(
1.6)
63.6
(
2.3)
81.4
(
1.9)
58.7
(
2.4)
43.3
(
2.4)
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.....
23.7
(
0.9)
1,004
18.4
(
0.8)
26.2
(
1.6)
17.0
(
1.3)
37.0
(
1.7)
19.7
(
1.4)
58.6
(
2.1)
74.0
(
1.9)
54.2
(
2.2)
39.5
(
2.1)
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.....
27.1
(
1.1)
854
20.7
(
1.0)
28.6
(
1.7)
21.1
(
1.5)
35.7
(
1.8)
14.5
(
1.3)
63.9
(
2.2)
77.5
(
1.9)
62.0
(
2.3)
45.6
(
2.3)
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.....
36.8
(
1.0)
1,541
30.5
(
1.0)
26.3
(
1.3)
19.8
(
1.1)
33.0
(
1.3)
20.8
(
1.2)
61.8
(
1.8)
82.4
(
1.4)
60.2
(
1.8)
39.9
(
1.8)
$
25,000
to
$
29,999
.....
44.2
(
1.1)
1,649
34.6
(
1.1)
21.2
(
1.1)
23.0
(
1.2)
35.3
(
1.3)
20.5
(
1.1)
62.8
(
1.7)
76.6
(
1.4)
60.6
(
1.7)
41.5
(
1.7)
$
30,000
to
$
34,999
.....
48.6
(
1.1)
2,014
38.7
(
1.0)
20.3
(
1.0)
21.4
(
1.0)
37.3
(
1.2)
20.9
(
1.0)
69.6
(
1.4)
83.4
(
1.2)
62.8
(
1.5)
44.5
(
1.5)
$
35,000
to
$
39,999
.....
55.5
(
1.1)
2,187
44.1
(
1.1)
22.8
(
1.0)
18.8
(
0.9)
36.4
(
1.1)
22.0
(
0.9)
68.9
(
1.4)
86.3
(
1.0)
67.2
(
1.4)
45.8
(
1.5)
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
61.4
(
0.9)
3,801
50.6
(
0.9)
18.8
(
0.7)
21.3
(
0.7)
39.0
(
0.9)
20.9
(
0.7)
71.2
(
1.0)
86.9
(
0.8)
69.0
(
1.1)
45.5
(
1.2)
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
73.0
(
0.6)
8,577
61.7
(
0.6)
19.1
(
0.5)
22.0
(
0.5)
36.3
(
0.6)
22.6
(
0.5)
78.4
(
0.6)
89.6
(
0.5)
75.7
(
0.7)
55.2
(
0.8)
$
75,000
or
more
..........
86.7
(
0.5)
9,231
74.2
(
0.6)
22.2
(
0.5)
21.9
(
0.5)
36.4
(
0.5)
19.6
(
0.4)
85.2
(
0.6)
91.6
(
0.4)
82.7
(
0.6)
66.7
(
0.7)

 
Not
available.

1
Data
are
for
the
most
recently
purchased
computer
for
families
with
more
than
one
computer.
Percent
based
on
persons
who
have
a
computer
in
their
home.

2
Sample
size
too
small
for
reliable
results.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
households
and
are
subject
to
sampling
and
nonsampling
error.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
October
1997,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
November
1998.)
499
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
TECHNOLOGY
Table
428.
 
Percent
of
home
computer
users
using
specific
applications,
by
selected
characteristics:
October
1997
Selected
characteristics
Number
of
home
computer
users,
in
thousands
Percent
of
computer
users
using
specific
applications
1
Home
bookkeeping
2
School
assignments
Games
Jobrelated
2
Home
connection
to
school
or
work
Word
processing
Data
bases
2
Graphics
Desktop
publishing
2
Spreadsheets
2
Internet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total,
all
persons
...
81,013
(
600)
 
 
29.9
62.6
 
10.6
(
0.2)
60.9
 
23.4
 
 
44.9
(
0.3)
Total,
all
persons
over
15
.................
53,845
(
461)
45.2
(
0.4)
16.0
53.2
35.5
14.6
(
0.3)
70.6
26.7
26.0
17.9
29.4
52.4
(
0.4)

Sex
Male
.............................
41,260
(
413)
32.4
(
0.4)
28.5
66.4
26.8
12.9
(
0.3)
57.0
21.0
24.0
12.4
23.1
48.4
(
0.4)
Female
.........................
39,753
(
304)
28.8
(
0.4)
31.3
58.5
21.8
8.3
(
0.2)
64.9
16.4
22.8
13.2
17.8
41.3
(
0.4)

Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
68,026
(
330)
31.5
(
0.3)
28.9
62.9
24.8
10.9
(
0.2)
61.7
19.3
24.0
13.2
21.1
46.1
(
0.3)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
4,943
(
108)
28.1
(
1.1)
32.9
62.5
22.5
8.8
(
0.7)
55.6
15.2
20.5
11.0
17.9
34.3
(
1.2)
Hispanic
.......................
4,081
(
93)
24.3
(
1.3)
34.6
59.6
19.9
7.5
(
0.8)
55.8
14.3
20.1
10.4
14.6
38.1
(
1.5)
Other
............................
3,963
 
24.3
(
1.3)
38.3
59.1
22.4
11.7
(
1.0)
59.1
17.7
21.3
10.0
19.4
44.2
(
1.6)

Age
Under
15
......................
18,774
(
222)
 
 
49.0
87.0
 
1.2
(
0.1)
31.5
 
17.2
 
 
22.8
(
0.5)
15
to
19
.......................
8,395
(
153)
5.6
(
0.4)
75.9
67.7
7.1
6.1
(
0.5)
64.2
9.3
20.9
8.9
9.4
46.1
(
0.9)
20
to
24
.......................
4,975
(
119)
24.0
(
1.0)
51.3
60.9
16.4
16.3
(
0.9)
70.9
19.0
22.6
12.1
21.6
55.9
(
1.2)
25
to
29
.......................
5,963
(
130)
44.3
(
1.1)
23.4
58.5
34.8
17.9
(
0.9)
71.5
26.3
25.1
19.8
30.5
59.0
(
1.1)
30
to
39
.......................
15,393
(
203)
48.3
(
0.7)
13.3
58.3
39.2
15.8
(
0.5)
68.7
27.0
27.7
19.3
31.1
53.2
(
0.7)
40
to
49
.......................
15,346
(
203)
46.5
(
0.7)
12.2
50.4
39.2
14.9
(
0.5)
71.4
28.0
27.3
18.9
30.8
52.8
(
0.7)
50
to
59
.......................
7,679
(
147)
48.2
(
1.0)
8.3
43.7
41.2
13.5
(
0.7)
73.4
30.3
25.8
18.0
30.7
50.0
(
1.0)
60
to
69
.......................
3,162
(
96)
51.3
(
1.5)
3.5
47.9
25.1
5.8
(
0.7)
69.9
25.1
22.4
15.1
25.7
42.3
(
1.5)
70
or
older
...................
1,327
(
62)
44.5
(
2.4)
2.1
43.0
17.3
4.4
(
1.0)
63.8
22.4
17.1
9.2
20.2
35.3
(
2.3)

Family
income
Under
$
20,000
.............
7,374
(
144)
25.8
(
0.9)
34.2
61.8
16.2
9.3
(
0.6)
58.0
15.3
21.8
9.9
17.4
38.9
(
1.0)
$
20,000
to
$
29,999
.....
7,819
(
148)
29.3
(
0.9)
30.8
66.4
18.7
6.7
(
0.5)
57.2
15.6
22.4
12.4
16.6
37.6
(
0.9)
$
30,000
to
$
39,999
.....
10,370
(
169)
30.2
(
0.8)
29.4
64.5
20.4
7.6
(
0.5)
55.3
17.5
23.2
12.0
17.4
38.7
(
0.8)
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
9,627
(
164)
29.3
(
0.8)
28.3
66.3
20.4
8.1
(
0.5)
55.5
16.6
23.9
12.1
18.0
38.6
(
0.9)
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
21,685
(
236)
30.4
(
0.5)
29.9
63.6
24.6
10.4
(
0.4)
61.7
18.6
24.0
13.2
20.7
45.6
(
0.6)
$
75,000
or
more
..........
24,138
(
247)
33.4
(
0.5)
29.1
58.2
31.7
14.9
(
0.4)
66.8
22.2
23.7
14.1
25.0
53.6
(
0.6)

 
Not
available.

1
Individuals
may
be
counted
in
more
than
one
computer
activity.

2
Data
are
for
persons
15
years
old
and
over.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
households
and
are
subject
to
sampling
and
nonsampling
error.
Detail
may
not
sum
to
totals
due
to
rounding.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
October
1997,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)

Table
429.
 
Percent
of
student
home
computer
users
using
specific
applications,
by
selected
characteristics:
October
1997
Selected
characteristics
Number
of
home
computer
users,
in
thousands
Percent
of
computer
users
using
specific
applications
1
Home
bookkeeping
2
School
assignments
Games
Jobrelated
2
Home
connection
to
school
or
work
Word
processing
Data
bases
2
Graphics
Desktop
publishing
2
Spreadsheets
2
Internet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Total,
all
students
...............
32,459
(
310)
 
65.9
(
0.4)
78.0
 
7.4
(
0.2)
52.5
 
21.4
 
 
36.3
(
0.4)
Preprimary
........................
2,493
(
83)
 
5.2
(
0.7)
89.5
 
0.4
(
0.2)
4.6
0.0
10.8
 
 
4.4
(
0.7)
1st
to
8th
grade
................
14,056
(
205)
 
58.3
(
0.7)
93.0
 
1.3
(
0.2)
36.1
0.0
19.2
 
 
25.1
(
0.6)
White,
non­
Hispanic
......
11,340
(
182)
 
55.6
(
0.8)
89.1
 
1.2
(
0.2)
35.7
0.0
19.5
 
 
26.4
(
0.7)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
1,078
(
50)
 
49.8
(
2.3)
84.1
 
1.0
(
0.5)
23.6
0.0
9.5
 
 
16.0
(
1.7)
Hispanic
........................
863
(
37)
 
51.0
(
2.1)
77.5
 
2.0
(
0.6)
28.2
0.0
14.3
 
 
19.4
(
1.7)
9th
to
12th
grade
..............
7,699
(
139)
2.9
84.8
(
0.6)
76.0
5.2
3.1
(
0.3)
65.9
6.1
22.3
7.0
6.5
42.2
(
0.9)
White,
non­
Hispanic
......
6,265
(
125)
2.8
80.4
(
0.8)
72.5
4.2
3.1
(
0.3)
64.3
6.0
22.2
7.1
6.3
43.6
(
1.0)
Black,
non­
Hispanic
......
534
(
38)
1.7
74.3
(
3.1)
69.7
9.9
1.4
(
0.8)
47.2
2.4
15.3
4.0
2.2
27.6
(
3.2)
Hispanic
........................
458
(
37)
3.1
73.0
(
3.6)
64.2
4.4
2.2
(
1.2)
55.2
4.1
13.4
3.9
4.5
37.3
(
3.9)
Undergraduate
..................
6,179
(
124)
22.5
82.0
(
0.8)
54.3
17.8
20.3
(
0.8)
79.7
0.0
25.4
14.3
24.6
57.9
(
1.0)
Graduate
...........................
2,032
(
70)
38.1
73.4
(
1.5)
44.3
43.4
32.0
(
1.6)
88.0
0.0
32.9
25.5
36.6
65.9
(
1.6)

Males
.....................................
16,213
(
208)
7.2
62.5
(
0.6)
79.9
7.2
7.7
(
0.3)
47.0
0.0
20.3
5.4
8.9
37.3
(
0.6)
Preprimary
........................
1,308
(
60)
 
5.5
(
1.0)
90.3
 
0.8
(
0.4)
3.8
0.0
11.2
 
 
5.9
(
1.1)
1st
to
8th
grade
................
7,257
(
144)
 
54.8
(
1.0)
89.8
 
1.4
(
0.2)
31.3
0.0
16.3
 
 
25.0
(
0.8)
9th
to
12th
grade
..............
3,971
(
98)
3.0
78.6
(
1.0)
78.8
5.5
3.4
(
0.4)
58.9
0.0
21.9
6.6
6.7
44.5
(
1.2)
Undergraduate
..................
2,841
(
83)
23.5
82.7
(
1.1)
59.8
18.8
23.7
(
1.2)
78.8
0.0
28.6
13.8
28.4
63.6
(
1.4)
Graduate
...........................
834
(
45)
44.2
73.7
(
2.3)
50.4
48.1
39.0
(
2.6)
85.9
0.0
34.5
26.0
43.0
68.8
(
2.5)

Females
.................................
16,246
(
208)
7.5
64.3
(
0.6)
70.2
7.4
6.6
(
0.3)
54.1
0.0
20.8
6.4
8.0
35.4
(
0.6)
Preprimary
........................
1,185
(
57)
 
4.9
(
1.0)
88.6
 
0.0
0.0
5.3
0.0
10.4
 
 
2.7
(
0.8)
1st
to
8th
grade
................
6,799
(
139)
 
55.4
(
1.0)
85.9
 
1.1
(
0.2)
37.0
0.0
20.0
 
 
25.1
(
0.9)
9th
to
12th
grade
..............
3,728
(
95)
2.5
81.3
(
1.0)
64.0
4.1
2.5
(
0.4)
65.5
0.0
20.0
6.5
5.5
39.7
(
1.2)
Undergraduate
..................
3,337
(
90)
21.6
81.5
(
1.0)
49.5
17.0
17.4
(
1.0)
80.6
0.0
22.7
14.7
21.3
53.1
(
1.3)
Graduate
...........................
1,197
(
54)
33.9
73.2
(
2.0)
40.0
40.2
27.0
(
2.0)
89.4
0.0
31.8
25.2
32.2
63.8
(
2.1)

 
Not
available.

1
Individuals
may
be
counted
in
more
than
one
computer
activity.

2
Data
are
for
persons
15
years
old
and
over.
NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
households
and
are
subject
to
sampling
and
nonsampling
error.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
October
1997,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
October
1998.)
500
LIBRARIES
AND
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY:
TECHNOLOGY
Table
430.
 
Student
use
of
computers,
by
level
of
instruction
and
selected
characteristics:
1984
to
1997
Student
and
school
characteristics
October,
1984
total
October
1989,
total
October
1993
October
1997
Total
Prekindergarten
and
kindergarten
Grades
1
to
8
Grades
9
to
12
1st
to
4th
year
of
college
5th
or
later
year
of
college
Total
Prekindergarten
and
kindergarten
Grades
1
to
8
Grades
9
to
12
1st
to
4th
year
of
college
5th
or
later
year
of
college
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Percent
of
students
using
computers
at
school
Total
............................
27.3
42.7
59.0
26.2
68.9
58.2
55.2
52.1
68.8
36.5
79.3
(
0.4)
70.5
(
0.6)
64.7
55.5
Sex
Male
.............................
29.0
43.5
59.4
25.9
69.5
56.5
57.5
56.7
70.1
37.1
79.5
(
0.5)
71.3
(
0.8)
67.8
59.9
Female
.........................
25.5
41.9
58.7
26.5
68.4
60.0
53.3
47.8
67.6
35.7
79.0
(
0.5)
69.6
(
0.8)
62.2
52.1
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
30.0
45.7
61.6
29.4
73.7
59.9
54.9
49.8
71.1
38.7
84.0
(
0.4)
71.9
(
0.7)
64.3
53.8
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
16.8
32.6
51.5
16.5
56.5
54.5
56.9
57.9
66.3
33.5
71.6
(
0.9)
72.9
(
1.4)
69.2
55.8
Hispanic
.......................
18.6
34.9
52.3
19.2
58.4
54.1
51.9
53.7
61.5
31.0
68.3
(
0.9)
63.1
(
1.8)
63.3
54.7
Other
............................
28.6
42.7
59.0
23.5
65.7
57.3
60.9
69.4
65.3
32.7
74.9
(
1.3)
63.6
(
2.9)
63.1
68.9
Household
income
Less
than
$
5,000
.........
18.7
36.7
51.2
19.6
55.0
50.6
61.7
66.7
62.1
25.4
69.6
(
1.9)
67.9
(
2.9)
61.1
74.1
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.........
21.0
36.1
53.3
24.4
60.3
51.9
53.9
56.2
63.5
35.1
70.1
(
1.6)
61.6
(
2.4)
69.8
74.8
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.....
22.4
38.4
56.4
20.1
64.7
56.7
50.7
76.1
66.2
33.3
74.1
(
1.4)
68.2
(
2.1)
64.1
70.5
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.....
25.9
41.5
58.1
23.8
67.5
57.4
51.2
58.5
65.9
33.0
74.9
(
1.6)
66.7
(
2.4)
62.1
69.4
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.....
26.7
42.4
56.4
23.7
64.3
53.0
57.4
52.4
66.9
34.2
74.9
(
1.5)
69.2
(
2.0)
64.0
65.8
$
25,000
to
$
29,999
.....
30.5
46.1
60.0
28.0
70.1
60.3
51.5
58.0
68.5
38.9
77.7
(
1.5)
72.0
(
2.2)
63.1
53.7
$
30,000
to
$
34,999
.....
30.5
44.2
59.1
23.7
69.6
59.7
51.7
45.3
67.6
34.6
79.9
(
1.3)
70.4
(
2.1)
55.2
47.7
$
35,000
to
$
39,999
.....
32.3
45.2
60.7
27.1
72.1
61.7
49.2
47.9
69.0
34.6
79.9
(
1.4)
70.1
(
2.2)
61.5
55.2
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
32.8
44.7
59.3
28.5
70.3
57.2
53.9
48.6
70.5
34.7
81.6
(
1.1)
74.1
(
1.6)
63.3
52.0
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
35.5
47.0
62.6
28.6
75.6
61.5
57.4
44.2
71.7
39.3
84.0
(
0.8)
72.8
(
1.2)
67.2
48.5
$
75,000
or
more
..........
36.0
51.2
64.6
33.5
78.7
62.5
60.9
47.7
72.1
43.2
85.7
(
0.8)
71.6
(
1.3)
68.1
50.1
Control
of
school
Public
...........................
27.4
43.3
60.2
30.1
68.6
58.1
53.9
54.1
70.2
40.1
79.0
(
0.4)
70.5
(
0.6)
63.4
56.7
Private
..........................
26.5
38.9
52.1
18.7
72.5
60.7
60.7
48.0
60.7
29.6
82.1
(
1.1)
69.6
(
2.1)
70.4
53.0
Percent
of
students
using
computers
at
home
Total
............................
11.5
18.8
27.0
15.6
24.7
28.7
32.8
52.6
45.1
29.6
43.4
(
0.5)
48.8
(
0.6)
49.8
67.2
Sex
Male
.............................
14.0
20.7
27.4
15.1
24.8
28.2
36.6
56.1
45.2
30.3
43.6
(
0.6)
49.3
(
0.9)
51.3
64.1
Female
.........................
9.0
17.0
26.6
16.1
24.6
29.2
29.7
49.5
44.9
28.8
43.3
(
0.7)
48.1
(
0.9)
48.6
69.6
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
13.7
22.7
32.8
19.4
31.4
35.9
36.0
53.6
54.9
38.4
54.4
(
0.6)
60.9
(
0.7)
55.1
70.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
4.9
7.3
10.9
4.2
9.0
10.4
19.4
48.1
21.1
9.8
20.6
(
0.8)
21.0
(
1.3)
25.6
56.3
Hispanic
.......................
3.6
7.5
10.4
5.7
7.5
9.8
22.0
52.2
21.1
11.2
18.6
(
0.7)
21.6
(
1.6)
37.3
56.1
Other
............................
9.0
18.8
28.7
17.0
23.2
37.0
33.0
47.1
49.1
34.1
46.9
(
1.5)
51.8
(
3.0)
55.2
59.1
Household
income
Less
than
$
5,000
.........
2.9
8.4
9.7
1.1
4.1
6.8
25.6
45.2
22.6
4.7
17.4
(
1.6)
17.3
(
2.3)
40.8
57.1
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.........
3.2
5.4
8.0
0.9
4.5
5.3
21.3
45.6
15.8
7.6
9.9
(
1.0)
9.1
(
1.4)
41.0
55.4
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.....
5.0
7.2
11.4
4.6
6.4
8.7
29.8
50.0
18.4
9.4
12.8
(
1.1)
18.1
(
1.8)
34.9
64.2
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.....
7.5
11.3
15.1
6.9
10.9
14.1
28.9
43.0
20.7
9.4
16.4
(
1.4)
20.6
(
2.1)
35.1
74.8
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.....
9.9
12.9
16.8
7.4
13.1
17.9
27.7
49.6
30.5
14.5
26.1
(
1.5)
31.7
(
2.0)
44.1
61.3
$
25,000
to
$
29,999
.....
12.8
17.0
21.1
12.3
19.3
22.0
26.1
47.0
34.6
20.9
32.2
(
1.6)
37.9
(
2.3)
42.8
53.4
$
30,000
to
$
34,999
.....
15.8
17.7
24.1
18.7
20.5
29.1
26.4
44.4
38.7
22.7
36.4
(
1.6)
42.3
(
2.3)
45.8
65.4
$
35,000
to
$
39,999
.....
19.4
21.4
27.1
13.0
26.3
28.1
32.7
52.7
44.1
28.1
44.5
(
1.7)
45.9
(
2.4)
47.0
67.4
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
20.4
25.7
32.2
21.6
32.9
33.9
32.5
45.9
50.6
37.3
51.0
(
1.4)
56.2
(
1.9)
51.1
54.1
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
24.2
31.6
43.0
25.5
45.3
46.4
40.1
58.2
61.7
44.3
64.2
(
1.0)
67.3
(
1.3)
56.3
73.2
$
75,000
or
more
..........
22.1
43.8
56.1
38.2
62.3
61.0
47.0
64.7
74.2
58.5
80.3
(
0.9)
80.7
(
1.1)
62.8
76.1
Control
of
school
Public
...........................
11.2
17.9
25.3
12.1
23.0
27.2
31.9
50.0
43.2
24.0
41.2
(
0.5)
46.9
(
0.6)
49.7
66.1
Private
..........................
13.8
24.4
37.4
22.4
41.5
47.2
36.9
57.7
56.1
40.2
65.0
(
1.4)
72.8
(
2.0)
50.3
69.5
Percent
of
students
using
computers
at
home
for
school
work
Total
............................
4.6
8.9
14.9
0.6
10.8
20.9
23.1
36.6
28.6
1.5
23.9
(
0.4)
39.0
(
0.6)
40.8
49.3
Sex
Male
.............................
5.9
9.5
14.8
0.9
10.1
20.5
26.3
40.3
28.3
1.7
23.8
(
0.5)
38.8
(
0.8)
42.4
47.2
Female
.........................
3.3
8.3
15.0
0.4
11.5
21.4
20.5
33.2
28.9
1.4
24.0
(
0.6)
39.1
(
0.9)
39.6
50.9
Race
White,
non­
Hispanic
....
5.4
10.7
18.2
0.8
13.8
26.5
25.7
37.8
35.0
1.7
30.2
(
0.5)
49.0
(
0.8)
45.9
51.3
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.....
2.3
3.4
5.7
 
4.0
6.9
11.5
30.1
12.5
1.5
10.3
(
0.6)
15.6
(
1.2)
19.2
39.8
Hispanic
.......................
1.4
3.6
5.6
 
2.9
6.7
15.9
36.8
12.5
0.7
9.5
(
0.5)
15.8
(
1.4)
27.6
46.2
Other
............................
3.8
9.1
16.0
1.1
9.3
27.0
23.7
29.2
33.6
1.9
28.2
(
1.4)
44.9
(
3.0)
45.2
45.8
Household
income
Less
than
$
5,000
.........
1.0
5.0
6.7
 
2.5
4.0
18.7
36.0
15.1
 
8.8
(
1.2)
11.7
(
2.0)
31.6
53.7
$
5,000
to
$
9,999
.........
1.5
3.2
4.8
 
1.1
3.6
16.1
35.5
10.4
1.1
3.9
(
0.7)
7.3
(
1.3)
35.3
44.8
$
10,000
to
$
14,999
.....
1.9
3.5
7.3
 
2.6
5.6
25.9
34.6
11.4
0.8
5.3
(
0.7)
13.5
(
1.6)
28.9
50.1
$
15,000
to
$
19,999
.....
3.0
4.5
8.6
0.4
4.7
10.8
18.7
31.0
13.2
1.0
8.4
(
1.0)
13.2
(
1.7)
31.0
63.3
$
20,000
to
$
24,999
.....
3.1
5.7
9.8
0.7
5.1
12.6
22.9
35.0
19.4
1.7
12.5
(
1.2)
25.4
(
1.9)
35.2
44.6
$
25,000
to
$
29,999
.....
5.1
6.4
10.4
1.1
6.3
13.4
19.5
34.9
21.9
2.1
18.6
(
1.4)
27.5
(
2.2)
34.4
40.8
$
30,000
to
$
34,999
.....
4.9
8.0
13.0
0.8
8.1
21.9
18.0
35.1
24.4
0.8
19.0
(
1.3)
33.2
(
2.2)
38.7
48.9
$
35,000
to
$
39,999
.....
7.1
10.5
15.4
0.8
12.4
21.0
22.6
37.2
26.5
0.4
22.3
(
1.4)
35.5
(
2.3)
38.7
55.7
$
40,000
to
$
49,999
.....
9.2
11.9
17.1
1.1
14.7
24.2
22.2
32.1
30.1
2.9
26.7
(
1.2)
45.5
(
1.9)
38.9
36.8
$
50,000
to
$
74,999
.....
11.5
15.2
23.2
1.0
19.7
35.0
27.0
38.2
39.3
1.2
36.1
(
1.0)
54.9
(
1.4)
46.9
53.1
$
75,000
or
more
..........
9.8
22.0
30.4
0.8
29.4
45.2
30.6
41.5
48.3
2.8
48.5
(
1.2)
66.4
(
1.4)
51.5
50.4
Control
of
school
Public
...........................
4.5
8.5
14.2
0.5
10.1
19.8
22.7
34.7
27.9
1.5
22.5
(
0.4)
37.1
(
0.6)
40.6
48.7
Private
..........................
5.4
11.4
18.8
1.0
17.8
35.4
24.8
40.1
32.6
1.6
37.7
(
1.4)
62.0
(
2.3)
42.0
50.6
 
Not
available.

NOTE:
Data
are
based
on
a
sample
survey
of
households
and
are
subject
to
sampling
and
nonsampling
error.
Standard
errors
appear
in
parentheses.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Current
Population
Survey,
October
1984,
1989,
1993,
and
1997,
unpublished
data.
(
This
table
was
prepared
September
1998.)
501
Guide
to
Tabular
Presentation
This
section
is
intended
to
assist
the
reader
in
following
the
basic
structure
of
the
Digest
tables
and
to
provide
a
legend
for
some
of
the
common
symbols
and
indexes
used
throughout
the
book.
Unless
otherwise
noted,
all
data
are
for
the
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia.

Table
Components
Title
Describes
the
table
content
concisely.

Unit
Indicator
Informs
the
reader
of
the
measurement
united
in
the
table
 
`
`
In
thousands,''
``
In
millions
of
dollars,''
etc.
Noted
below
the
title
unless
several
units
are
used,
in
which
case
the
unit
indicators
are
generally
given
in
the
spanner
or
individual
column
heads.

Spanner
Describes
a
group
of
two
or
more
columns.

Column
head
Describes
specific
column.
Stub
Describes
a
row
or
a
group
of
rows.
Each
stub
is
followed
by
a
number
of
dots
(
leaders)
or
by
a
semicolon
if
no
data
appears
in
the
data
fields.

Field
The
area
of
the
table
which
contains
the
data
elements.

Rules
in
the
field
Single
horizontal
rules
indicate
 
that
the
data
below
the
line
add
to
the
figure
immediately
above
the
line,
or
 
in
the
case
of
derived
figures
(
e.
g.,
percents,
medians
that
the
datum
above
the
line
represents
a
cumulative
figure.

Double
horizontal
rules
demarcate
groups
of
related
rows.

Single
vertical
rules
delineate
columns.

Double
vertical
rules
divide
the
table
into
sections
with
unique
stubs.
502
GUIDE
TO
TABULAR
PRESENTATION
Footnote
Describes
a
unique
circumstance
relating
to
a
specific
item
within
the
table.
Usually
listed
below
the
bottom
rule
of
the
table.

Note
Furnishes
general
information
that
relates
to
the
entire
table.

Source
The
document
or
reference
from
which
the
data
are
drawn.
This
note
may
also
include
the
organizational
unit
responsible
for
preparing
the
data.

Descriptive
Terms
Average
A
number
that
is
used
to
represent
the
``
typical
value''
of
a
group
of
numbers.
It
is
regarded
as
a
measure
of
``
location''
or
``
central
tendency''
of
a
group
of
numbers.

Arithmetic
mean
is
the
most
commonly
used
average
It
is
derived
by
summing
the
individual
item
values
of
a
particular
group
and
dividing
that
sum
by
the
number
of
items.
This
value
is
often
referred
to
simply
as
the
``
mean''
or
``
average.''

Median
is
the
measure
of
central
tendency
that
occupies
the
middle
position
in
a
rank
order
of
values.
It
generally
has
the
same
number
of
items
above
it
as
below
it.
If
there
is
an
even
number
of
items
in
the
group,
the
median
is
the
average
of
the
middle
two
items.

Per
capita,
or
per
person,
figure
represents
an
average
computed
for
every
person
in
a
specified
group,
or
population.
It
is
derived
by
dividing
the
total
for
an
item
(
such
as
income
or
expenditures)
by
the
number
of
persons
in
the
specified
population.

Index
number
A
value
that
provides
a
means
of
measuring,
summarizing,
and
communicating
the
nature
of
changes
that
occur
from
time
to
time
or
from
place
to
place.
An
index
is
used
to
express
changes
in
prices
over
periods
of
time,
but
may
also
be
used
to
express
differences
between
related
subjects
at
a
single
point
in
time.
The
Digest
most
often
uses
the
Consumer
Price
Index
to
compare
purchasing
power
over
time.

To
compute
a
price
index,
a
base
year
or
period
is
selected.
The
base
year
price
is
then
designated
as
the
base
or
reference
price
to
which
the
prices
for
other
years
or
periods
are
related.

A
method
of
expressing
the
price
relationship
is:

Index
number
=

Price
of
a
set
of
one
or
more
items
for
related
year
x
100
Price
of
the
same
set
of
items
for
base
year
When
100
is
subtracted
from
the
index
number,
the
result
equals
the
percent
change
in
price
from
the
base
year.

Current
and
constant
dollars
are
used
in
a
number
of
tables
to
express
finance
data.
Unless
otherwise
noted,
all
figures
are
in
current
dollars,
not
adjusted
for
inflation.
Constant
dollars
provide
a
measure
of
the
impact
of
inflation
on
the
current
dollars.

Current
dollar
figures
reflect
actual
prices
or
costs
prevailing
during
the
specified
year(
s).

Constant
dollar
figures
attempt
to
remove
the
effects
of
price
changes
(
inflation)
from
statistical
series
reported
in
dollar
terms.

The
constant
dollar
value
for
an
item
is
derived
by
dividing
the
base
year
price
index
(
for
example,
the
Consumer
Price
Index
for
1999)
by
the
price
index
for
the
year
of
data
to
be
adjusted
and
multiplying
by
the
item
to
be
adjusted.
The
result
is
an
adjusted
dollar
value
as
it
would
presumably
exist
if
prices
were
the
same
as
the
base
year
 
in
other
words,
as
if
the
dollar
had
constant
purchasing
power.
Any
changes
in
the
constant
dollar
amounts
would
reflect
only
changes
in
the
real
values.

NOTE:
Tables
may
not
include
data
for
all
years
implied
in
table
titles.
503
Guide
to
Sources
Sources
and
Comparability
of
Data
The
information
presented
in
this
report
was
obtained
from
many
sources,
including
federal
and
state
agencies,
private
research
organizations,
and
professional
associations.
The
data
were
collected
using
many
research
methods,
including
surveys
of
a
universe
(
such
as
all
colleges)
or
of
a
sample,
compilations
of
administrative
records,
and
statistical
projections.
Digest
users
should
take
particular
care
when
comparing
data
from
different
sources.
Differences
in
procedures,
timing,
phrasing
of
questions
interviewer
training,
and
so
forth
mean
that
the
results
from
the
different
sources
may
not
be
strictly
comparable.
Following
the
general
discussion
of
data
accuracy
below,
descriptions
of
the
information
sources
and
data
collection
methods
are
presented,
grouped
by
sponsoring
organization.
More
extensive
documentation
of
a
particular
survey's
procedures
does
not
imply
more
problems
with
the
data,
only
that
more
information
is
available.

Accuracy
of
Data
The
accuracy
of
any
statistic
is
determined
by
the
joint
effects
of
``
sampling''
and
``
nonsampling''
errors.
Estimates
based
on
a
sample
will
differ
somewhat
from
the
figures
that
would
have
been
obtained
if
a
complete
census
had
been
taken
using
the
same
survey
instruments,
instructions,
and
procedures.
In
addition
to
such
sampling
errors,
all
surveys,
both
universe
and
sample,
are
subject
to
design,
reporting
and
processing
errors
and
errors
due
to
nonresponse
To
the
extent
possible,
these
nonsampling
errors
are
kept
to
a
minimum
by
methods
built
into
the
survey
procedures.
In
general,
however,
the
effects
of
nonsampling
errors
are
more
difficult
to
gauge
than
those
produced
by
sampling
variability.

Sampling
Errors
The
samples
used
in
surveys
are
selected
from
a
large
number
of
possible
samples
of
the
same
size
that
could
have
been
selected
using
the
same
sample
design.
Estimates
derived
from
the
different
samples
would
differ
from
each
other.
The
difference
between
a
sample
estimate
and
the
average
of
all
possible
samples
is
called
the
sampling
deviation.
The
standard
or
sampling
error
of
a
survey
estimate
is
a
measure
of
the
variation
among
the
estimates
from
all
possible
samples
and,
thus,
is
a
measure
of
the
precision
with
which
an
estimate
from
a
particular
sample
approximates
the
average
result
of
all
possible
samples.
The
sample
estimate
and
an
estimate
of
its
standard
error
permit
us
to
construct
interval
estimates
with
prescribed
confidence
that
the
interval
includes
the
average
result
of
all
possible
samples.
If
all
possible
samples
were
selected
under
essentially
the
same
conditions
and
an
estimate
and
its
estimated
standard
error
were
calculated
from
each
sample,
then:
(
1)
approximately
66.7
percent
of
the
intervals
from
one
standard
error
below
the
estimate
to
one
standard
error
above
the
estimate
would
include
the
average
value
of
all
possible
samples;
and
(
2)
approximately
95.0
percent
of
the
intervals
from
two
standard
errors
below
the
estimate
to
two
standard
errors
above
the
estimate
would
include
the
average
value
of
all
possible
samples.
We
call
an
interval
from
two
standard
errors
below
the
estimate
to
two
standard
errors
above
the
estimate
a
95
percent
confidence
interval.
To
illustrate
this
concept,
consider
the
data
and
standard
errors
appearing
on
table
108.
For
the
2000
estimate
that
10.9
percent
of
16­
to
24­
year­
olds
were
high
school
dropouts,
the
table
shows
that
the
standard
error
is
0.3
percent.
Therefore,
we
can
create
a
95
percent
confidence
interval
which
is
approximately
10.3
to
11.5
(
10.9
percent
±
2
times
0.3
percent
Analysis
of
standard
errors
can
help
assess
how
valid
a
comparison
between
two
estimates
might
be.
The
standard
error
of
a
difference
between
two
independent
sample
estimates
is
equal
to
the
square
root
of
the
sum
of
the
squared
standard
errors
of
the
estimates.
The
standard
error
(
se)
of
the
difference
between
independent
sample
estimates
``
a''
and
``
b''
is:

sea,
b
=
(
sea
2+
seb
2)
1/
2
It
should
be
noted
that
most
of
the
standard
error
estimates
presented
in
subsequent
sections
and
in
the
original
documents
are
approximations.
That
is,
to
derive
estimates
of
standard
errors
that
would
be
applicable
to
a
wide
variety
of
items
and
could
be
504
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
prepared
at
a
moderate
cost,
a
number
of
approximations
were
required.
As
a
result,
the
standard
error
estimates
provide
a
general
order
of
magnitude
rather
than
the
exact
standard
error
for
any
specific
item.
The
preceding
discussion
on
sampling
variability
was
directed
toward
a
situation
concerning
one
or
two
estimates.
Determining
the
accuracy
of
statistical
projections
is
more
difficult.
In
general,
the
further
away
the
projection
date
is
from
the
date
of
the
actual
data
being
used
for
the
projection,
the
greater
the
probable
error
in
the
projections.
If,
for
instance,
annual
data
from
1970
to
1999
are
being
used
to
project
enrollment
in
institutions
of
higher
education,
the
further
beyond
1999
one
projects,
the
more
variability
in
the
projection.
One
will
be
less
sure
of
the
2011
enrollment
projection
than
of
the
2000
projection
A
detailed
discussion
of
the
projections
methodology
is
contained
in
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
to
2011
(
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
2001).

Nonsampling
Errors
Universe
and
sample
surveys
are
subject
to
nonsampling
errors.
Nonsampling
errors
may
arise
when
respondents
or
interviewers
interpret
questions
differently
when
respondents
must
estimate
values,
or
when
coders,
keyers,
and
other
processors
handle
answers
differently,
when
persons
who
should
be
included
in
the
universe
are
not,
or
when
persons
fail
to
respond
(
completely
or
partially).
Nonsampling
errors
usually,
but
not
always,
result
in
an
understatement
of
total
survey
error
and
thus
an
overstatement
of
the
precision
of
survey
estimates.
Since
estimating
the
magnitude
of
nonsampling
errors
often
would
require
special
experiments
or
access
to
independent
data,
these
nonsampling
errors
are
seldom
available.
To
compensate
for
nonresponse,
adjustments
of
the
sample
estimates
are
often
made.
An
adjustment
made
for
either
type
of
nonresponse,
total
or
partial,
is
often
referred
to
as
an
imputation,
which
is
often
a
substitution
of
the
``
average''
questionnaire
response
for
the
nonresponse.
Imputations
are
usually
made
separately
within
various
groups
of
sample
members
which
have
similar
survey
characteristics.
Imputation
for
item
nonresponse
is
usually
made
by
substituting
for
a
missing
item,
the
response
to
that
item
of
a
respondent
having
characteristics
that
are
similar
to
those
of
the
nonrespondent.
Although
the
magnitude
of
nonsampling
error
in
the
data
compiled
in
this
Digest
is
frequently
unknown
idiosyncrasies
that
have
been
identified
are
noted
on
the
appropriate
tables.
Department
of
Education
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)

Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study
The
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study
(
B&
B)
is
based
on
the
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study
(
NPSAS)
and
provides
information
concerning
education
and
work
experience
after
completing
the
bachelor's
degree.
B&
B
provides
cross­
sectional
information
1
year
after
bachelor's
degree
completion
(
comparable
to
the
Recent
College
Graduates
study),
while
at
the
same
time
providing
longitudinal
data
concerning
entry
into
and
progress
through
graduate
level
education
and
the
workforce.
It
also
provides
information
on
entry
into,
persistence
and
progress
through,
and
completion
of
graduate
level
education.
This
information
is
difficult
to
gather
through
followups
involving
high
school
cohorts
or
even
college
entry
cohorts,
both
of
which
are
restricted
in
the
number
who
actually
complete
a
bachelor's
degree
and
continue
their
education.
B&
B
will
follow
NPSAS
baccalaureate
degree
completers
for
a
12­
year
period
after
completion,
beginning
with
NPSAS:
93.
About
11,000
students
who
completed
their
degrees
in
the
1992
 
93
academic
year
were
included
in
the
first
B&
B
(
B&
B:
93/
94).
In
addition
to
the
student
data,
B&
B
collected
postsecondary
transcripts
covering
the
undergraduate
period
providing
complete
information
on
progress
and
persistence
at
both
the
undergraduate
and
graduate
levels.
The
second
B&
B
followup
took
place
in
spring
1997
(
B&
B:
93/
97),
and
gathered
information
on
employment
history,
family
formation,
and
enrollment
in
graduate
programs.
New
B&
B
cohorts
will
alternate
with
BPS
in
using
NPSAS
as
their
base.
Further
information
on
B&
B
may
be
obtained
from:

Paula
R.
Knepper
Postsecondary
Studies
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Paula.
Knepper@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
b&
b/

Beginning
Postsecondary
Students
Longitudinal
Study
The
Beginning
Postsecondary
Students
Longitudinal
Study
(
BPS)
provides
information
on
persistence
progress,
and
attainment
from
initial
time
of
entry
into
postsecondary
education
through
leaving
and
entering
the
workforce.
BPS
includes
traditional
505
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
and
nontraditional
(
e.
g.,
older)
students
and
is
representative
of
all
beginning
students
in
postsecondary
education.
BPS
follows
first­
time,
beginning
students
for
at
least
5
years
at
approximately
2­
year
intervals,
collecting
student
data,
and
financial
aid
reports
By
starting
with
a
cohort
that
has
already
entered
postsecondary
education,
and
following
it
for
5
years,
BPS
will
be
able
to
determine
to
what
extent,
students
who
start
postsecondary
education
at
various
ages
differ
in
their
progress,
persistence,
and
attainment
The
first
BPS
study
was
conducted
in
1989
 
90,
with
follow
up
surveys
in
1992
and
1994.
The
second
BPS
cohort
of
students
began
with
a
survey
in
1995
 
96
and
a
follow­
up
in
1998.
Further
information
on
BPS
may
be
obtained
from:

Aurora
M.
D'Amico
Postsecondary
Coop
System,
Analysis,
and
Dissemination
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Aurora.
D'Amico@
ed.
gov
or
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
bps/

Common
Core
of
Data
NCES
uses
the
Common
Core
of
Data
(
CCD)
survey
to
acquire
and
maintain
statistical
data
from
each
of
the
50
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
the
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs,
Department
of
Defense
Dependents
Schools
(
overseas
and
domestic)
and
the
outlying
areas.
Information
about
staff
and
students
is
collected
annually
at
the
school,
local
education
agency
or
school
district
(
LEA),
and
state
levels.
Information
about
revenues
and
expenditures
is
also
collected
at
the
state
and
LEA
levels.
Data
are
collected
for
a
particular
school
year
(
October
1
through
September
30)
via
survey
instruments
sent
to
the
state
education
agencies
during
the
school
year.
States
have
one
year
in
which
to
modify
the
data
originally
submitted.
Since
the
CCD
is
a
universe
survey,
the
CCD
information
presented
in
this
edition
of
the
Digest
is
not
subject
to
sampling
errors.
However,
nonsampling
errors
could
come
from
two
sources
 
nonreturn
and
inaccurate
reporting.
Almost
all
of
the
states
submit
the
six
CCD
survey
instruments
each
year,
but
submissions
are
sometimes
incomplete
or
too
late
for
publication.
Understandably,
when
58
education
agencies
compile
and
submit
data
for
approximately
92,000
public
schools
and
16,000
local
school
districts,
misreporting
can
occur.
Typically,
this
results
from
varying
interpretations
of
NCES
definitions
and
differing
recordkeeping
systems.
NCES
attempts
to
minimize
these
errors
by
working
closely
with
the
state
education
agencies
through
the
National
Forum
on
Education
Statistics.
The
state
education
agencies
report
data
to
NCES
from
data
collected
and
edited
in
their
regular
reporting
cycles.
NCES
encourages
the
agencies
to
incorporate
into
their
own
survey
systems
the
NCES
items
they
do
not
already
collect
so
that
those
items
will
also
be
available
for
the
subsequent
CCD
survey
Over
time,
this
has
meant
fewer
missing
data
cells
in
each
state's
response,
reducing
the
need
to
impute
data.
NCES
subjects
data
from
the
education
agencies
to
a
comprehensive
edit.
Where
data
are
determined
to
be
inconsistent,
missing,
or
out
of
range,
NCES
contacts
the
education
agencies
for
verification.
NCES­
prepared
state
summary
forms
are
returned
to
the
state
education
agencies
for
verification.
States
are
also
given
an
opportunity
to
revise
their
statelevel
aggregates
from
the
previous
survey
cycle.
Further
information
on
CCD
may
be
obtained
from:

John
Sietsema
Elementary/
Secondary
Cooperative
System
and
Institutional
Studies
Division
(
ESCSISD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
John.
Sietsema@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ccd/

Condition
of
America's
Public
School
Facilities:
1999
This
report
provides
national
data
about
the
condition
of
public
schools
in
1999
based
on
a
survey
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
using
its
Fast
Response
Survey
System
(
FRSS).
Specifically,
this
report
provides
information
about
the
condition
of
school
facilities
and
the
costs
to
bring
them
into
good
condition;
school
plans
for
repairs,
renovations,
and
replacements;
the
age
of
public
schools;
and
overcrowding
and
practices
used
to
address
overcrowding.
The
results
presented
in
this
report
are
based
on
questionnaire
data
for
903
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
in
the
United
States.
The
responses
were
weighted
to
produce
national
estimates
that
represent
all
regular
public
schools
in
the
United
States.
Further
information
may
be
obtained
from:

Bernie
Greene
Data
Development
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Bernie.
Greene@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
frss/
506
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study,
Kindergarten
Class
of
1998
 
99
The
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study,
Kindergarten
Class
of
1998
 
99
(
ECLS
 
K)
was
designed
to
provide
detailed
information
on
children's
early
school
experiences.
The
study
began
in
the
fall
1998.
A
nationally
representative
sample
of
22,782
children
enrolled
in
1,277
kindergarten
programs
during
the
1998
 
99
school
year
was
selected
to
participate
in
the
ECLS
 
K.
The
children
attended
both
public
and
private
kindergartens,
and
full­
day
and
partday
programs.
The
sample
included
children
from
different
racial/
ethnic
and
socioeconomic
backgrounds,
and
oversamples
of
Asian
and
Pacific
Island
children
private
kindergartens,
and
private
kindergartners
Base
year
data
were
collected
in
the
fall
and
spring
of
the
kindergarten
year
and
again
in
fall
first
grade
(
30
percent
subsample)
and
spring
first
grade.
The
children
participating
in
the
ECLS
 
K
will
be
followed
longitudinally
through
the
5th­
grade.
The
ECLS
 
K
includes
a
direct
child
cognitive
assessment
that
is
administered
one­
on­
one
with
each
child
in
the
study.
The
assessment
uses
a
computerassisted
personal
interview
(
CAPI)
approach
and
a
two­
stage
adaptive
testing
methodology.
The
direct
assessment
includes
three
cognitive
domains
(
reading
mathematics,
and
general
knowledge).
Children's
height
and
weight
is
measured
at
each
data
collection
point
and
a
direct
measure
of
children's
psychomotor
development
was
administered
in
the
fall
of
the
kindergarten
year
only.
In
addition
to
these
measures,
the
ECLS
 
K
collects
information
about
children's
social
skills
and
academic
achievement
through
teacher
reports.
A
computer­
assisted
telephone
interview
with
the
children's
parents/
guardians
is
conducted
at
each
wave.
Parents/
guardians
are
asked
to
provide
key
information
about
their
children
on
subjects,
such
as
family
demographics
(
e.
g.,
age,
family
members,
relation
to
child,
race/
ethnicity),
family
structure
(
household
members
and
composition),
parent
involvement,
home
educational
activities
(
e.
g.,
reading
to
the
child),
child
health,
parental
education
and
employment
status,
and
child's
social
skills
and
behaviors.
Data
on
the
schools
children
attend
and
their
classrooms
are
collected
by
self­
administered
questionnaires
completed
by
school
administrators
and
classroom
teachers.
Administrators
provide
information
about
the
school
population,
programs,
and
policies
At
the
classroom
level,
data
are
collected
on
the
composition
of
the
classroom,
teaching
practices,
curriculum,
and
teacher
qualifications
and
experience
Teachers
in
the
ECLS
 
K
sampled
schools
are
asked
to
complete
the
teacher
questionnaires,
not
just
those
who
teach
ECLS
 
K
children.
Further
information
on
the
ECLS
 
K
may
be
obtained
from:

Jerry
West
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street,
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
ecls@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ecls
Federal
Support
for
Education
NCES
prepares
an
annual
compilation
of
federal
funds
for
education.
Data
for
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
programs
come
from
the
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government.
Budget
offices
of
other
federal
agencies
provide
information
for
all
other
federal
program
support
except
for
research
funds,
which
are
obligations
reported
by
the
National
Science
Foundation
in
Federal
Funds
for
Research
and
Development.
Some
data
are
estimated,
based
on
reports
from
the
federal
agencies
contacted
and
the
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government.
Except
for
money
spent
on
research,
outlays
were
used
to
report
program
funds
to
the
extent
possible.
Some
tables
are
obligations
as
noted
in
the
title
of
the
table.
Some
federal
program
funds
not
commonly
recognized
as
education
assistance
are
also
included
in
the
totals
reported.
For
example,
portions
of
federal
funds
paid
to
some
states
and
counties
as
shared
revenues
resulting
from
the
sale
of
timber
and
minerals
from
public
lands
have
been
estimated
as
funds
used
for
education
purposes.
Parts
of
the
funds
received
by
states
(
in
1980)
and
localities
(
throughout
the
period)
under
the
General
Revenue
Sharing
Program
are
also
included,
as
are
portions
of
federal
funds
received
by
the
District
of
Columbia.
The
share
of
these
funds
allocated
to
education
was
assumed
to
be
equal
to
the
share
of
general
funds
expended
for
elementary
and
secondary
education
by
states
and
localities
in
the
same
year
as
reported
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census
in
its
annual
publication
Governmental
Finances.
All
state
intergovernmental
expenditures
for
education
were
assumed
to
be
earmarked
for
elementary
secondary
education.
Contributions
of
parent
governments
of
dependent
school
systems
to
their
public
schools
amounted
to
approximately
9
percent
of
local
government
revenues
and
local
government
revenue
sharing
in
each
year.
Therefore,
9
percent
of
local
government
revenue­
sharing
funds
were
assumed
allocated
each
fiscal
year
to
elementary
and
secondary
education.
Parent
government
contributions
to
public
school
systems
were
obtained
from
Finances
of
Public
School
Systems
published
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census.
The
amount
of
state
rev­
507
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
enue­
sharing
funds
allocated
for
postsecondary
education
in
1980
was
assumed
to
be
13
percent,
the
proportion
of
direct
state
expenditures
for
institutions
of
higher
education
reported
in
Governmental
Finances
for
that
year.
The
share
of
federal
funds
for
the
District
of
Columbia
assigned
to
education
was
assumed
to
be
equal
to
the
share
of
the
city's
general
fund
expenditures
for
each
level
of
education.
For
the
job
training
programs
conducted
by
the
Department
of
Labor,
only
estimated
sums
spent
on
classroom
training
have
been
reported
as
educational
program
support.
During
the
1970s,
The
Office
of
Management
and
Budget
(
OMB)
prepared
annual
reports
on
federal
education
program
support.
These
were
published
in
the
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government
[
Special
Analyses].
The
information
presented
in
this
report
is
not,
however,
a
continuation
of
the
OMB
series.
A
number
of
differences
in
the
two
series
should
be
noted.
OMB
required
all
federal
agencies
to
report
outlays
for
education­
related
programs
using
a
standardized
form,
thereby
assuring
agency
compliance
in
reporting.
The
scope
of
education
programs
reported
here
differs
from
OMB.
Off­
budget
items
such
as
the
annual
volume
of
guaranteed
student
loans
were
not
included
in
OMB's
reports.
Finally,
while
some
mention
is
made
of
an
annual
estimate
of
federal
tax
expenditures
OMB
did
not
include
them
in
its
annual
analysis
of
federal
education
support.
Estimated
federal
tax
expenditures
for
education
are
the
difference
between
current
federal
tax
receipts
and
what
these
receipts
would
be
without
existing
education
deductions
to
income
allowed
by
federal
tax
provisions.
Recipients'
data
are
estimated
based
on
Estimating
Federal
Funds
for
Education:
A
New
Approach
Applied
to
Fiscal
Year
1980,
``
Federal
Support
for
Education,
Fiscal
Years
1980
to
1984,''
and
Catalog
of
Federal
Domestic
Assistance.
The
recipients
data
are
estimated
and
tend
to
undercount
institutions
of
higher
education
(
IHEs),
students,
and
local
education
agencies
(
LEAs).
This
is
because
some
of
the
federal
programs
have
more
than
one
recipient
receiving
funds.
In
these
cases,
the
recipients
were
put
into
a
``
mixed
recipients''
category,
because
there
was
no
way
to
disaggregate
the
amount
each
recipient
received.
Further
information
on
federal
support
for
education
may
be
obtained
from:

Charlene
Hoffman
Annual
Reports
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Charlene.
Hoffman@
ed.
gov
High
School
and
Beyond
High
School
and
Beyond
(
HS&
B)
is
a
national
longitudinal
survey
of
1980
high
school
sophomores
and
seniors.
The
base­
year
survey
was
a
probability
sample
of
1,015
high
schools
with
a
target
number
of
36
sophomores
and
36
seniors
in
each
of
the
schools.
A
total
of
58,270
students
participated
in
the
base­
year
survey.
Substitutions
were
made
for
nonparticipating
schools
 
but
not
for
students
 
in
those
strata
where
it
was
possible.
Overall,
1,122
schools
were
selected
in
the
original
sample
and
811
of
these
schools
participated
in
the
survey.
An
additional
204
schools
were
drawn
in
a
replacement
sample.
Student
refusals
and
absences
resulted
in
an
82
percent
completion
rate
for
the
survey.
Several
small
groups
in
the
population
were
oversampled
to
allow
for
special
study
of
certain
types
of
schools
and
students.
Students
completed
questionnaires
and
took
a
battery
of
cognitive
tests.
In
addition
a
sample
of
parents
of
sophomores
and
seniors
(
about
3,600
for
each
cohort)
was
surveyed.
HS&
B
first
followup
activities
took
place
in
the
spring
of
1982.
The
sample
design
of
the
first
followup
survey
called
for
the
selection
of
approximately
30,000
persons
who
were
sophomores
in
1980.
The
completion
rate
for
sophomores
eligible
for
on­
campus
survey
administration
was
about
96
percent.
About
89
percent
of
the
students
who
left
school
between
the
base
year
and
first
followup
surveys
(
dropouts,
transfer
students,
and
early
graduates
completed
the
first
followup
sophomore
questionnaire
As
part
of
the
first
followup
survey
of
HS&
B,
transcripts
were
requested
in
fall
1982
for
an
18,152
member
subsample
of
the
sophomore
cohort.
Of
the
15,941
transcripts
actually
obtained,
1,969
were
excluded
because
the
students
had
dropped
out
of
school
before
graduation,
799
were
excluded
because
they
were
incomplete,
and
1,057
were
excluded
because
the
student
graduated
before
1982
or
the
transcript
indicated
neither
a
dropout
status
nor
graduation.
Thus
12,116
transcripts
were
utilized
for
the
overall
curriculum
analysis
presented
in
this
publication.
All
courses
in
each
transcript
were
assigned
a
6­
digit
code
based
on
A
Classification
of
Secondary
School
Courses
(
developed
by
Evaluation
Technologies,
Inc.
under
contract
with
NCES).
Credits
earned
in
each
course
were
expressed
in
Carnegie
units.
(
The
Carnegie
unit
is
a
standard
of
measurement
that
represents
one
credit
for
the
completion
of
a
1­
year
course.
To
receive
credit
for
a
course,
the
student
must
have
received
a
passing
grade
 
`
`
pass,''
``
D,''
or
higher.)
Students
who
transferred
from
public
to
private
schools
or
from
private
to
public
schools
between
their
sophomore
and
sen­
508
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
ior
years
were
eliminated
from
public/
private
analyses
In
designing
the
senior
cohort
first
followup
survey,
one
of
the
goals
was
to
reduce
the
size
of
the
retained
sample,
while
still
keeping
sufficient
numbers
of
minorities
to
allow
important
policy
analyses.
A
total
of
11,227
(
94
percent)
of
the
11,995
persons
subsampled
completed
the
questionnaire.
Information
was
obtained
about
the
respondents'
school
and
employment
experiences,
family
status,
and
attitudes
and
plans.
The
sample
for
the
second
followup,
which
took
place
in
the
spring
1984,
consisted
of
about
12,000
members
of
the
senior
cohort
and
about
15,000
members
of
the
sophomore
cohort.
The
completion
rate
for
the
senior
cohort
was
91
percent,
and
the
completion
rate
for
the
sophomore
cohort
was
92
percent.
HS&
B
third
followup
data
collection
activities
were
performed
in
spring
of
1986.
Both
the
sophomore
and
senior
cohort
samples
for
this
round
of
data
collection
were
the
same
as
those
used
for
the
second
followup
survey.
The
completion
rates
for
the
sophomore
and
senior
cohort
samples
were
91
percent
and
88
percent,
respectively.
Table
A1
contains
the
maximum
number
of
cases
that
are
available
for
the
tabulations
of
the
specific
classification
variables
used
throughout
this
publication
The
standard
error
(
se)
of
an
individual
percentage
(
p)
based
on
HS&
B
data
can
be
approximated
by
the
formula:

sep
=
DEFT
[
p(
100
 
p)/
n]
1/
2
where
n
is
the
sample
size
and
DEFT,
the
square
root
of
the
design
effect,
is
a
factor
used
to
adjust
for
the
particular
sample
design
used
in
HS&
B.
Table
A2
provides
the
DEFT
factors
for
different
HS&
B
samples
and
subsamples.

In
evaluating
a
difference
between
two
independent
percentages,
the
standard
error
of
the
difference
may
be
conservatively
approximated
by
taking
the
square
root
of
the
sum
of
the
squared
standard
errors
of
the
two
percentages.
For
example,
in
the
1986
followup
of
1980
sophomores,
84.0
percent
of
the
men
and
77.2
percent
of
the
women
felt
that
being
successful
in
work
was
``
very
important,''
a
difference
of
6.8
percentage
points.
Using
the
formula
and
the
sample
sizes
from
table
A1
and
the
DEFT
factors
from
table
A2,
the
standard
errors
of
the
two
percentages
being
compared
are
calculated
to
be:

1.43[(
84.0)(
16.0)/(
5,391)]
1/
2
=
.714
1.43[(
77.2)(
22.8)/(
5,857)]
1/
2
=
.784
The
standard
error
of
the
difference
is
therefore
(.
7142
+
.7842)
1/
2
=
(.
510
+
.615)
1/
2
=
1.06
The
sampling
error
(
95
chances
in
100)
of
the
difference
is
approximately
double
the
standard
error,
or
approximately
2.1
percentage
points,
and
the
95
percent
confidence
interval
for
the
difference
is
6.8
±
2.1,
or
4.7
to
8.9
percentage
points.
The
standard
error
estimation
procedure
outlined
above
does
not
compensate
for
survey
item
nonresponse
which
is
a
source
of
nonsampling
error.
(
Table
A1
reflects
the
maximum
number
of
responses
that
could
be
tabulated
by
demographic
characteristics.)
For
example,
of
the
10,925
respondents
in
the
1984
followup
survey
of
1980
high
school
graduates,
372,
or
3.4
percent,
did
not
respond
to
the
particular
question
on
whether
they
had
ever
used
a
pocket
calculator.
Item
nonresponse
varied
considerably.
A
very
low
nonresponse
rate
of
0.1
percent
was
obtained
for
a
question
asking
whether
the
respondent
had
attended
a
postsecondary
institution
A
much
higher
item
nonresponse
rate
of
12.2
percent
was
obtained
for
a
question
asking
if
the
respondent
had
used
a
micro
or
minicomputer
in
high
school.
Typical
item
nonresponse
rates
ranged
from
3
to
4
percent.
The
Hispanic
analyses
presented
in
this
report
relied
on
students'
self­
identification
as
members
of
one
of
four
Hispanic
subgroups:
Mexican,
Mexican­
American,
Chicano;
Cuban;
Puerto­
Rican,
Puertorriqueno,
or
Boricua;
or
other
Latin
American,
Latino,
Hispanic,
or
Spanish
descent.
An
NCES
series
of
technical
reports
and
data
file
users
manuals,
available
electronically,
provides
additional
information
on
the
survey
methodology.
Further
information
on
the
HS&
B
survey
may
be
obtained
from:

Aurora
M.
D'Amico
Postsecondary
Coop
System,
Analysis,
and
Dissemination
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Aurora.
D'Amico@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
hsb/

High
School
Transcript
Study
Tabulations
The
most
recent
transcript
study
was
in
1998
and
was
based
on
a
survey
conducted
as
part
of
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP).
The
1998
study
involved
analysis
of
transcripts
of
approximately
25,000
high
school
graduates
from
264
schools.
The
study
collected
information
such
as
course
lists,
graduation
requirements,
and
the
defini­
509
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
tion
of
units
of
credit
and
grades,
on
a
school­
level
basis.
Similar
studies
were
conducted
of
course­
taking
patterns
of
1982,
1987,
1990,
1992,
and
1994.
The
1987
data
are
based
on
approximately
22,799
transcripts
from
433
schools
obtained
as
part
of
the
1987
High
School
Transcript
Study.
The
1982
data
are
based
on
approximately
12,000
transcripts
collected
by
the
High
School
and
Beyond
(
HS&
B)
survey.
Because
the
1982
HS&
B
survey
used
a
different
method
for
identifying
handicapped
students
than
did
the
1987
and
1990
transcript
studies,
and
in
order
to
make
the
statistical
summaries
as
comparable
as
possible,
all
the
counts
and
percentages
in
this
report
are
restricted
to
students
whose
records
indicate
that
they
had
not
participated
in
a
special
education
program.
This
restriction
lowers
the
number
of
1990
graduates
represented
in
the
tables
to
20,866.
Further
information
on
high
school
transcript
studies
may
be
obtained
from:

Jeffrey
Owings
Elementary/
Secondary
and
Library
Studies
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Jeffrey.
Owings@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
hst/

Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
The
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
(
IPEDS)
surveys
approximately
10,000
postsecondary
institutions,
including
universities
and
colleges
as
well
as
institutions
offering
technical
and
vocational
education
beyond
the
high
school
level.
This
survey,
which
began
in
1986,
replaced
the
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey
(
HEGIS).
IPEDS
consists
of
eight
integrated
components
that
obtain
information
on
who
provides
postsecondary
education
(
institutions),
who
participates
in
it
and
completes
it
(
students),
what
programs
are
offered
and
what
programs
are
completed,
and
both
the
human
and
financial
resources
involved
in
the
provision
of
institutionally
based
postsecondary
education
Specifically,
these
components
include:
Institutional
Characteristics,
including
instructional
activity
Fall
Enrollment,
including
age
and
residence;
Enrollment
in
Occupationally
Specific
Programs;
Completions
Finance;
Staff;
Salaries
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty;
and
Academic
Libraries.
The
degree­
granting
institutions
portion
of
this
survey
is
a
census
of
colleges
awarding
associate
or
higher
degrees,
that
were
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
financial
aid
programs.
Prior
to
1993,
data
from
the
technical
and
vocational
institutions
were
collected
through
a
sample
survey.
Beginning
in
1993,
all
data
are
gathered
in
a
census
of
all
postsecondary
institutions.
The
tabulations
on
``
Institutional
Characteristics''
developed
for
this
edition
of
the
Digest
are
based
on
lists
of
all
institutions
and
are
not
subject
to
sampling
errors.
The
definition
of
institutions
generally
thought
of
as
offering
college
and
university
education
has
been
changed
in
recent
years.
The
old
standard
for
higher
education
institutions
included
those
institutions
that
had
courses
that
led
to
an
associate
degree
or
higher
or
were
accepted
for
credit
towards
those
degrees
The
higher
education
institutions
were
accredited
by
an
agency
or
association
that
was
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
or
recognized
directly
by
the
Secretary
of
Education.
Tables
that
use
only
this
standard
are
titled
``
higher
education''
in
the
Digest.
The
current
category
includes
institutions
which
award
associate
or
higher
level
degrees
that
are
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
federal
financial
aid
programs.
Tables
that
contain
any
data
according
to
this
standard
are
titled
as
``
degree­
granting''
institutions
Time­
series
tables
may
contain
data
from
both
series,
and
they
are
labeled
accordingly.
The
impact
of
this
change
has
generally
not
been
large.
For
example,
tables
on
faculty
salaries
and
benefits
were
only
affected
to
a
very
small
extent.
Also,
degrees
awarded
at
the
bachelor's
level
or
higher
were
not
heavily
affected.
The
largest
impact
has
been
on
private
2­
year
college
enrollment.
In
contrast,
most
of
the
data
on
public
4­
year
colleges
has
been
affected
only
to
a
minimal
extent.
The
impact
on
enrollment
in
public
2­
year
colleges
was
noticeable
in
certain
states,
but
relatively
small
at
the
national
level.
Overall
enrollment
for
all
institutions
was
about
one­
half
a
percent
higher
for
degree­
granting
institutions
compared
to
the
total
for
higher
education
institutions.
Prior
to
the
establishment
of
IPEDS
in
1986,
HEGIS
acquired
and
maintained
statistical
data
on
the
characteristics
and
operations
of
institutions
of
higher
education.
Implemented
in
1966,
HEGIS
was
an
annual
universe
survey
of
institutions
accredited
at
the
college
level
by
an
agency
recognized
by
the
Secretary
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education.
These
institutions
were
listed
in
NCES's
Education
Directory,
Colleges
and
Universities.
HEGIS
surveys
solicited
information
concerning
institutional
characteristics,
faculty
salaries,
finances,
enrollment,
and
degrees.
Since
these
surveys
were
distributed
to
all
higher
education
institutions,
the
data
presented
are
not
subject
to
sampling
error.
However,
they
are
subject
to
nonsampling
error,
the
sources
of
which
varied
with
the
survey
instrument.
Information
concerning
the
nonsampling
error
of
the
enrollment
and
degrees
surveys
draws
extensively
on
the
HEGIS
Post­
Survey
Validation
Study
conducted
in
1979.
510
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Further
information
on
IPEDS
may
be
obtained
from:

Susan
Broyles
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Susan.
Broyles@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Institutional
Characteristics
This
survey
provides
the
basis
for
the
universe
of
institutions
presented
in
the
Directory
of
Postsecondary
Institutions.
The
survey
collects
basic
information
necessary
to
classify
the
institutions
including
control,
level,
and
kinds
of
programs;
and
information
on
tuition,
fees,
and
room
and
board
charges.
Beginning
in
2000,
the
survey
collected
institutional
pricing
data
from
institutions
with
first­
time,
full­
time,
degree/
certificate­
seeking
undergraduate
students.
Unduplicated
full­
year
enrollment
counts
and
instructional
activity
are
now
collected
on
the
Fall
enrollment
survey.
The
overall
response
rate
was
95.5
percent
for
2001.
Further
information
may
be
obtained
from:

Patricia
Brown
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Patricia.
Brown@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Fall
Enrollment
This
survey
has
been
part
of
the
HEGIS
and
IPEDS
series
since
1966.
The
enrollment
survey
response
rate
is
relatively
high.
The
1999
overall
response
rate
was
96.9
percent
for
degreegranting
institutions.
The
imputation
method
differed
for
1999
compared
to
earlier
surveys.
For
all
institutions
that
did
not
report
in
1999,
data
from
the
previous
year
were
used
as
1999
estimates.
Major
sources
of
nonsampling
error
for
this
survey
as
identified
in
the
1979
report
were
classification
problems,
the
unavailability
of
needed
data,
interpretation
of
definitions,
the
survey
due
date,
and
operational
errors
Of
these,
the
classification
of
students
appears
to
have
been
the
main
source
of
error.
Institutions
had
problems
in
correctly
classifying
first­
time
freshmen
and
other
first­
time
students
for
both
full­
time
and
part­
time
categories.
These
problems
occurred
most
often
at
2­
year
institutions
(
private
and
public)
and
private
4­
year
institutions.
In
the
1977
 
78
HEGIS
validation
studies,
the
classification
problem
led
to
an
estimated
overcount
of
11,000
full­
time
students
and
an
undercount
of
19,000
part­
time
students
Although
the
ratio
of
error
to
the
grand
total
was
quite
small
(
less
than
1
percent),
the
percentage
of
errors
was
as
high
as
5
percent
for
detailed
student
levels
and
even
higher
at
certain
aggregation
levels.
Beginning
with
fall
1986,
the
survey
system
was
redesigned
with
the
introduction
of
IPEDS
(
see
above).
The
survey
allows
(
in
alternating
years)
for
the
collection
of
age
and
residence
data.
In
2000,
the
Enrollment
survey
collected
the
instructional
activity
and
unduplicated
headcount
data,
which
are
needed
to
compute
a
standardized,
full­
time
equivalent
(
FTE)
enrollment
statistic
for
the
entire
academic
year.
Starting
in
2001,
unduplicated
headcount
by
level
of
student,
and
by
race/
ethnicity
and
gender
of
student
will
also
be
requested,
as
will
total
number
of
students
in
the
entering
class.
Further
information
may
be
obtained
from:

Frank
Morgan
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Frank.
Morgan@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Salaries,
Tenure,
and
Fringe
Benefits
of
Full­
Time
Instructional
Faculty
This
institutional
survey
has
been
conducted
for
most
years
from
1966
 
67
to
1987
 
88,
and
annually
since
1989
 
90.
Although
the
survey
form
changed
a
number
of
times
during
those
years,
only
comparable
data
are
presented
in
this
report
Between
1966
 
67
and
1985
 
86
this
survey
differed
from
other
HEGIS
surveys
in
that
imputations
were
not
made
for
nonrespondents.
Thus,
there
is
some
possibility
that
the
salary
averages
presented
in
this
report
may
differ
from
the
results
of
a
complete
enumeration
of
all
colleges
and
universities.
Beginning
with
the
surveys
for
1987
 
88,
the
IPEDS
data
tabulation
procedures
included
imputations
for
survey
nonrespondents.
The
response
rate
for
the
1998
 
99
survey
was
95.5
percent
for
degree­
granting
institutions.
Because
of
the
higher
response
rate
for
public
colleges,
it
is
probable
that
the
public
colleges
salary
data
are
more
accurate
than
the
data
for
private
colleges.
Although
data
from
these
surveys
are
not
subject
to
sampling
error,
sources
of
nonsampling
error
may
include
computational
errors
and
misclassification
in
reporting
and
processing.
NCES
reviews
individual
colleges'
data
for
internal
and
longitudinal
consistency
and
contacts
the
colleges
to
check
inconsistent
data.
511
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Further
information
may
be
obtained
from:

Susan
Broyles
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Susan.
Broyles@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Completions
This
survey
was
part
of
the
HEGIS
series
throughout
its
existence.
However,
the
degree
classification
taxonomy
was
revised
in
1970
 
71,
1982
 
83,
and
1991
 
92.
Collection
of
degree
data
has
been
maintained
through
the
IPEDS
system.
Though
information
from
survey
years
1970
 
71
through
1981
 
82
is
directly
comparable,
care
must
be
taken
if
information
before
or
after
that
period
is
included
in
any
comparison.
Degrees­
conferred
trend
tables
arranged
by
the
1991
 
92
classification
are
included
in
the
Digest
to
provide
consistent
data
from
1970
 
71
to
the
most
recent
year.
Data
in
this
edition
on
associate
and
other
formal
awards
below
the
baccalaureate
by
field
of
study,
cannot
be
made
comparable
with
figures
prior
to
1982
 
83.
The
nonresponse
rate
did
not
appear
to
be
a
significant
source
of
nonsampling
error
for
this
survey.
The
return
rate
over
the
years
has
been
high,
with
the
degree
granting
institutions
response
rate
for
the
1999
 
2000
survey
at
96.7
percent.
The
overall
response
rate
for
the
nondegree
granting
institutions
was
84.4
percent
in
1999
 
2000.
Because
of
the
high
return
rate
for
the
degree­
granting
institutions,
nonsampling
error
caused
by
imputation
is
also
minimal.
The
major
sources
of
nonsampling
error
for
this
survey
were
differences
between
the
NCES
program
taxonomy
and
taxonomies
used
by
the
colleges,
classification
of
double
majors,
operational
problems,
and
survey
timing.
In
the
1979
HEGIS
validation
study,
these
sources
of
nonsampling
contributed
to
an
error
rate
of
0.3
percent
overreporting
of
bachelor's
degrees
and
1.3
percent
overreporting
of
master's
degrees.
The
differences,
however,
varied
greatly
among
fields.
Over
50
percent
of
the
fields
selected
for
the
validation
study
had
no
errors
identified
Categories
of
fields
that
had
large
differences
were
business
and
management,
education,
engineering
letters,
and
psychology.
It
was
also
shown
that
differences
in
proportion
to
the
published
figures
were
less
than
1
percent
for
most
of
the
selected
fields
that
had
some
errors.
Exceptions
to
these
were:
master's
and
Ph.
D.
programs
in
labor
and
industrial
relations
(
20
percent
and
8
percent);
bachelor's
and
master's
programs
in
art
education
(
3
percent
and
4
percent);
bachelor's
and
Ph.
D.
programs
in
business
and
commerce,
and
in
distributive
education
(
5
percent
and
9
percent);
master's
programs
in
philosophy
(
8
percent);
and
Ph.
D.
programs
in
psychology
(
11
percent).
Further
information
on
IPEDS
Completions
surveys
may
be
obtained
from:

Frank
Morgan
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Frank.
Morgan@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Financial
Statistics
This
survey
was
part
of
the
HEGIS
series
and
has
been
continued
under
the
IPEDS
system.
Changes
were
made
in
the
financial
survey
instruments
in
fiscal
years
(
FY)
1976,
1982,
and
1987.
The
FY
76
survey
instrument
contained
numerous
revisions
to
earlier
survey
forms
and
made
direct
comparisons
of
line
items
very
difficult.
Beginning
in
FY
82,
Pell
Grant
data
were
collected
in
the
categories
of
federal
restricted
grants
and
contracts
revenues
and
restricted
scholarships
and
fellowships
expenditures.
The
introduction
of
IPEDS
in
the
FY
87
survey
included
several
important
changes
to
the
survey
instrument
and
data
processing
procedures.
While
these
changes
were
significant,
considerable
effort
has
been
made
to
present
only
comparable
information
on
trends
in
this
report
and
to
note
inconsistencies
Finance
tables
for
this
publication
have
been
adjusted
by
subtracting
the
largely
duplicative
Pell
Grant
amounts
from
the
later
data
to
maintain
comparability
with
pre­
FY
82
data.
Possible
sources
of
nonsampling
error
in
the
financial
statistics
include
nonresponse,
imputation,
and
misclassification.
The
response
rate
has
been
about
85
to
90
percent
for
most
of
the
years.
The
response
rate
for
the
FY
97
survey
was
95.1
percent
for
degree
granting
institutions
Two
general
methods
of
imputation
were
used
in
HEGIS.
If
the
prior
year's
data
were
available
for
a
nonresponding
institution,
these
data
were
inflated
using
the
Higher
Education
Price
Index
and
adjusted
according
to
changes
in
enrollments.
If
no
previous
year's
data
were
available,
current
data
were
used
from
peer
institutions
selected
for
location
(
state
or
region),
control,
level,
and
enrollment
size
of
institution
In
most
cases
estimates
for
nonreporting
institutions
in
IPEDS
were
made
using
data
from
peer
institutions
Beginning
with
FY
87,
the
IPEDS
survey
system
included
all
postsecondary
institutions,
but
maintained
comparability
with
earlier
surveys
by
allowing
2­
and
4­
year
institutions
to
be
tabulated
separately.
For
FY
87
through
FY
91,
in
order
to
maintain
comparability
with
the
historical
time
series
of
HEGIS
institutions
data
were
combined
from
two
of
the
three
different
survey
forms
that
make
up
the
IPEDS
sur­
512
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
vey
system.
The
vast
majority
of
the
data
were
tabulated
from
form
1,
which
was
used
to
collect
information
from
public
and
private
not­
for­
profit
2­
and
4­
year
colleges.
Form
2,
a
condensed
form,
was
used
to
gather
data
for
the
2­
year
for­
profit
institutions.
Because
of
the
differences
in
the
data
requested
on
the
two
forms,
several
assumptions
were
made
about
the
form
2
reports
so
that
their
figures
could
be
included
in
the
degree­
granting
institutions
totals.
In
IPEDS,
the
form
2
institutions
were
not
asked
to
separate
appropriations
from
grants
and
contracts,
nor
state
from
local
sources
of
funding.
For
the
form
2
institutions,
all
the
federal
revenues
were
assumed
to
be
federal
grants
and
contracts,
and
all
of
the
state
and
local
revenues
were
assumed
to
be
restricted
state
grants
and
contracts.
All
other
form
2
sources
of
revenue,
except
for
tuition
and
fees
and
sales
and
services
of
educational
activities,
were
included
under
``
other.''
Similar
adjustments
were
made
to
the
expenditure
accounts.
The
form
2
institutions
reported
instruction
and
scholarship
and
fellowship
expenditures
only.
All
other
educational
and
general
expenditures
were
allocated
to
academic
support.
To
reduce
reporting
error,
NCES
uses
national
standards
for
reporting
finance
statistics.
These
standards
are
contained
in
College
and
University
Business
Administration:
Administrative
Services
(
1974
Edition),
and
the
Financial
Accounting
and
Reporting
Manual
for
Higher
Education
(
1990
Education
published
by
the
National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers;
Audits
of
Colleges
and
Universities
(
as
amended
August
31,
1974),
by
the
American
Institute
of
Certified
Public
Accountants;
and
HEGIS
Financial
Reporting
Guide
(
1980),
by
NCES.
Wherever
possible,
definitions
and
formats
in
the
survey
form
are
consistent
with
those
in
these
four
accounting
texts.
Further
information
on
IPEDS
Financial
Statistics
surveys
may
be
obtained
from:

Sabrina
Ratchford
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Sabrina.
Ratchford@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Staff
The
fall
staff
data
presented
in
this
publication
were
collected
by
NCES,
through
the
IPEDS
system,
which
collected
data
from
postsecondary
institutions
including
all
2­
and
4­
year
degree­
granting
education
institutions.
The
NCES
collects
staff
data
biennially
in
odd
numbered
years
from
institutions
of
postsecondary
education.
The
``
Fall
Staff''
questionnaires
were
mailed
out
by
NCES
in
August;
the
respondents
reported
the
employment
statistics
in
their
institution
that
cover
the
payroll
period
in
the
fall
of
the
survey
year.
The
``
Fall
Staff,
1999''
survey
had
an
overall
response
rate
of
94.8
percent
for
degree­
granting
institutions.
Imputations
for
1999
differed
from
earlier
methods.
For
all
institutions
that
did
not
respond
to
the
survey,
data
from
the
1997
survey
were
used
as
estimates
for
fall
1999.
Further
information
on
IPEDS
Fall
Staff
surveys
may
be
obtained
from:

Susan
Broyles
Postsecondary
Institutional
Studies
Program
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Susan.
Broyles@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
ipeds/

Internet
Access
in
Public
Schools
and
Classrooms
The
Internet
Access
in
Public
Schools
and
Classrooms
study
is
part
of
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
Fast
Response
Survey
System
(
FRSS).
The
FRSS
was
established
in
1985
to
collect
issue­
oriented
data
quickly
with
minimum
response
burden.
It
was
designed
to
meet
the
data
needs
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
analysts,
planners,
and
decisionmakers
when
information
could
not
be
collected
quickly
enough
through
traditional
NCES
surveys.
The
Internet
survey
was
designed
to
assess
the
federal
government's
commitment
to
assist
every
school
and
classroom
in
connecting
to
the
Internet
by
the
year
2000.
In
1994,
NCES
began
surveying
approximately
1,000
public
schools
each
year
about
their
access
to
the
Internet,
access
in
classrooms,
and
since
1996,
their
type
of
Internet
connections.
In
2000,
questions
were
asked
about
access
to
the
Internet
at
times
outside
of
regular
school
hours
and
on
``
acceptable
use
policies.''
All
estimates
are
based
on
samples
and
are
subject
to
sampling
variability.
Further
information
on
Internet
access
in
public
schools
and
classrooms
may
be
obtained
from:

Edith
McArthur
Data
Development
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Edith.
McArthur@
ed.
gov
www.
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
frss/

Library
Statistics
Program
Nationwide,
public
library
statistics
are
collected
using
the
Public
Libraries
Survey
and
disseminated
annually
through
the
Federal
 
State
Cooperative
System
for
public
library
data
(
FSCS).
Descriptive
statis­
513
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
tics
are
produced
for
nearly
9,000
public
libraries.
The
Public
Libraries
Survey
includes
information
about
staffing;
operating
income
and
expenditures;
type
of
governance;
type
of
administrative
structure;
size
of
collection;
and
service
measures,
such
as,
reference
transactions,
public
service
hours,
interlibrary
loans,
circulation,
and
library
visits.
In
FSCS,
respondents
supply
the
information
electronically,
and
data
are
edited
and
tabulated
in
machine­
readable
form.
The
respondents
are
8,946
public
libraries
identified
in
the
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia
by
state
library
agencies.
At
the
state
level,
FSCS
is
administered
by
State
Data
Coordinators,
appointed
by
the
Chief
Officer
of
each
State
Library
Agency.
The
State
Data
Coordinator
collects
the
requested
data
from
local
public
libraries
and
submits
these
data
to
NCES.
An
annual
training
conference
sponsored
by
NCES
is
provided
for
the
State
Data
Coordinators.
A
steering
committee
representing
State
Data
Coordinators
and
other
public
library
constituents
is
active
in
the
development
of
FSCS
data
elements
and
software
Technical
assistance
to
states
is
provided
by
phone
and
in
person
by
the
FSCS
steering
committee
and
by
NCES
staff
and
contractors.
All
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia
have
submitted
data
that
are
available
for
individual
public
libraries
and
are
also
aggregated
to
state
and
national
levels.
Since
1990,
data
have
been
collected
electronically
The
most
recent
software
is
called
DECPLUS.
It
includes
identifying
information
on
all
known
public
libraries
and
their
outlets,
some
state
libraries,
and
some
library
systems
and
cooperatives.
Beginning
in
1994,
this
resource
was
available
for
drawing
samples
for
special
surveys
on
such
topics
as
literacy,
access
for
the
disabled,
and
library
construction.
Under
the
Academic
Libraries
Survey
(
ALS),
NCES
surveyed
academic
libraries
on
a
3­
year
cycle
between
1966
and
1988.
Since
1988,
ALS
has
been
a
component
of
the
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
and
is
on
a
2­
year
cycle.
ALS
provides
data
on
about
3,500
academic
libraries.
In
aggregate,
these
data
provide
an
overview
of
the
status
of
academic
libraries
nationally
and
statewide.
Beginning
in
1996,
libraries
were
asked
about
electronic
services
including,
electronic
catalogs
that
include
the
libraries'
holdings,
Internet
access,
and
electronic
full­
text
periodicals.
The
survey
collects
data
on
the
libraries
in
the
entire
universe
of
degreegranting
institutions.
ALS
produces
descriptive
statistics
on
academic
libraries
in
postsecondary
institutions
in
the
50
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
and
the
outlying
areas.
The
School
Library
Statistics
Survey
collected
data
on
school
libraries/
media
centers
in
1990
 
91
and
1993
 
94.
This
survey
asked
questions
on
libraries
in
public
and
private
schools
as
part
of
the
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey
(
SASS).
These
questionnaires
were
revised
and
a
sample
survey
of
about
7,600
schools
was
conducted
during
school
year
1993
 
94.
The
library
components
of
the
1990
 
91
SASS
include:
number
of
students
served
and
number
of
professional
staff
and
aides;
at
the
district
level,
number
of
full­
time
equivalent
librarians/
media
specialists,
vacant
positions,
positions
abolished,
and
approved
positions
and
amount
of
librarian
input
in
establishing
curriculum.
The
1993
 
94
survey
was
much
more
extensive
and
added
questions
concerning
media
centers
and
collections
of
libraries.
Further
information
on
the
Library
Statistics
Program
may
be
obtained
from:

Jeff
Williams
Library
Coop
System
and
Institutional
Studies
(
ESLSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Jeffrey.
Williams@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
libraries/

National
Adult
Literacy
Survey
The
National
Adult
Literacy
Survey
(
NALS)
was
created
as
a
new
measure
of
literacy
and
funded
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
and
by
12
states.
It
is
the
third
and
largest
assessment
of
adult
literacy
funded
by
the
federal
government.
The
aim
of
the
survey
is
to
profile
the
English
literacy
of
adults
in
the
United
States
based
on
their
performance
across
a
wide
array
of
tasks
that
reflect
the
types
of
materials
and
demands
they
encounter
in
their
daily
lives.
To
gather
the
information
on
adults'
literacy
skills,
trained
staff
interviewed
nearly
13,600
individuals
aged
16
and
older
during
the
first
8
months
of
1992.
These
participants
had
been
randomly
selected
to
represent
the
adult
population
in
the
country
as
a
whole.
Black
and
Hispanic
households
were
oversampled
to
ensure
reliable
estimates
of
literacy
proficiencies
and
to
permit
analyses
of
the
performance
of
these
subpopulations.
In
addition,
some
1,100
inmates
from
80
federal
and
state
prisons
were
interviewed
to
gather
information
on
the
proficiencies
of
the
prison
population.
In
total,
over
26,000
adults
were
surveyed.
Each
survey
participant
was
asked
to
spend
approximately
an
hour
responding
to
a
series
of
diverse
literacy
tasks,
as
well
as
questions
about
his
or
her
demographic
characteristics,
educational
background
reading
practices,
and
other
areas
related
to
literacy.
Based
on
their
responses
to
the
survey
tasks,
adults
received
proficiency
scores
along
three
scales
which
reflect
varying
degrees
of
skill
in
prose,
document,
and
quantitative
literacy.
The
results
of
514
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
the
survey
were
published
in
a
report,
Adult
Literacy
in
America,
in
September
1993.
Further
information
on
NALS
may
be
obtained
from:

Sheida
White
NAEP
Development
and
Operations
 
Assessment
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Sheida.
White@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
naal
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
The
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP)
is
a
series
of
cross­
sectional
studies
designed
and
initially
implemented
in
1969.
NAEP
has
gathered
information
about
selected
levels
of
educational
achievement
across
the
country.
NAEP
has
surveyed
the
educational
attainments
by
age
and
grade
(
9­,
13­,
and
17­
year­
olds,
and
4th­,
8th­,
and
12th­
graders),
and
young
adults
(
ages
25
to
35),
in
10
learning
areas.
NAEP
administers
two
different
types
of
tests,
national
and
state
NAEP.
At
the
national
level,
NAEP
is
divided
into
two
assessments:
the
main
NAEP
and
the
long­
term
trend
NAEP.
NAEP
long­
term
trend
assessments
are
designed
to
give
information
on
the
changes
in
the
basic
achievement
of
America's
youth.
Nationally
representative
samples
of
students
have
been
assessed
in
science,
mathematics,
and
reading
at
ages
9,
13,
and
17
since
the
early
1970s.
Students
have
been
assessed
in
writing
at
grades
4,
8,
and
11
since
1984.
To
measure
trends
accurately,
assessment
items
(
mostly
multiple
choice)
and
procedures
have
remained
unchanged
since
the
first
assessment
in
each
subject.
Recent
trend
assessments
were
conducted
in
1994,
1996,
and
1999.
About
30,000
students
took
part
in
the
1996
trend
assessment.
Results
are
reported
as
average
scores
for
the
nation,
regions,
and
for
various
subgroups
of
the
population
such
as
race
and
ethnic
groups.
Data
from
the
trend
assessments
are
available
in
the
most
recent
report,
NAEP
1999
Trends
in
Academic
Progress.
In
the
main
national
NAEP,
a
nationally
representative
sample
of
students
is
assessed
at
grades
4,
8,
and
12
in
various
academic
subjects.
The
assessments
change
periodically
and
are
based
on
frameworks
developed
by
the
National
Assessment
Governing
Board
(
NAGB).
Items
include
both
multiplechoice
and
``
constructed­
response''
(
requiring
written
answers).
Results
are
reported
in
two
ways.
Average
scores
are
reported
for
the
nation,
participating
states
and
jurisdictions,
and
for
subgroups
of
the
population.
In
addition,
the
percent
of
students
at
or
above
the
basic,
proficient,
and
advanced
achievement
levels
are
reported
for
these
same
groups.
The
achievement
levels
are
developed
by
NAGB.
Since
1990,
main
NAEP
has
also
been
conducted
for
states
and
other
jurisdictions
that
choose
to
participate
(
47
participated
in
1996).
Because
the
national
NAEP
samples
were
not,
and
are
not
currently,
designed
to
support
the
reporting
of
accurate
and
representative
state­
level
results,
separate
representative
samples
of
students
are
selected
for
each
participating
jurisdiction.
State
data
are
usually
available
at
grades
4
and/
or
8,
and
may
not
include
all
subjects
assessed
in
the
national­
level
assessment.
In
1994,
for
example,
NAEP
assessed
reading,
geography
and
history
at
the
national
level
at
grades
4,
8,
and
12
(
only
reading
at
grade
4
was
assessed
at
the
state
level,
however).
In
1996,
mathematics
and
science
were
assessed
nationally
at
grades
4,
8,
12.
In
the
states,
mathematics
was
assessed
at
grades
4
and
8,
and
science
was
assessed
at
grade
8
only.
In
1997,
the
arts
were
assessed
at
the
national
level
at
grade
8.
Reading
and
writing
were
assessed
in
1998
at
the
national
level
for
grades
4,
8,
and
12,
and
state
levels
for
grades
4
and
8.
Civics
was
assessed
at
the
national
level,
as
well.
These
assessments
generally
involve
about
130,000
students
at
the
national
and
state
levels.
The
assessment
data
presented
in
this
publication
were
derived
from
tests
designed
and
conducted
by
the
Education
Commission
of
the
States
(
1969
 
1983)
and
by
the
Educational
Testing
Service
(
1983
to
present).
Three­
stage
probability
samples
have
been
used.
The
primary
sampling
units
have
been
stratified
by
region
and,
within
region,
by
state,
size
of
community,
and,
for
the
two
smaller
sizes
of
community
strata,
by
socioeconomic
level.
The
first
stage
of
sampling
entails
defining
and
selecting
primary
sampling
units
(
PSUs).
For
each
age/
grade
level
(
grades
4,
8,
and
12)
the
second
stage
entails
enumerating
stratifying,
and
randomly
selecting
schools,
both
public
and
private,
within
each
PSU
selected
at
the
first
stage.
The
third
stage
involves
randomly
selecting
students
within
a
school
for
participation
in
NAEP.
Assessment
exercises
have
been
administered
either
to
individuals
or
to
small
groups
of
students
by
specially
trained
personnel.
Sample
sizes
for
the
reading
proficiency
portion
of
the
1999
NAEP
long­
term
trends
study
were:
5,793
for
the
9­
year­
olds,
5,933
for
the
13­
year­
olds,
and
5,288
for
the
17­
year­
olds.
Response
rates
were
94
percent,
92
percent,
and
80
percent,
respectively.
Response
rates
for
earlier
years
(
1970
 
71,
1974
 
75,
and
1979
 
80)
were
generally
lower.
For
example,
the
lowest
response
rate
for
the
9­
year­
olds
was
88
percent
in
1974
 
75,
and
the
lowest
response
rate
overall
was
70
percent
for
the
17­
year­
olds
in
1974
 
75.
515
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Sample
sizes
in
math
and
science
portions
of
the
1999
long­
term
trends
were:
6,032
9­
year­
olds,
5,941
13­
year­
olds,
and
3,795
17­
year­
olds.
Response
rates
were
94,
93,
and
81
percent,
respectively.
Assessments
focusing
on
particular
subject
areas
are
conducted
separately
from
long­
term
assessments
The
2000
mathematics
assessment
was
administered
to
13,511
4th­
graders,
15,694
8th­
graders,
and
13,432
12th­
graders.
The
response
rates
were:
96
percent
for
4th­
graders,
92
percent
for
8th­
graders
and
77
percent
for
12th­
graders.
The
2000
reading
assessment
was
administered
to
7,914
4th­
graders.
The
response
rate
was
96
percent
The
1997
 
98
writing
assessment
was
administered
to
19,816
4th­
graders,
20,586
8th­
graders,
and
19,505
12th­
graders.
Student
response
rates
for
the
1997
 
98
writing
assessment
were
95
percent
for
the
4th­
graders,
92
percent
for
the
8th­
graders,
and
80
percent
for
the
12th­
graders.
In
1995
 
96,
a
science
assessment
was
administered
to
7,305
4th­
graders,
7,774
8th­
graders,
and
7,537
12th­
graders.
The
response
rates
were
94
percent
for
the
4th­
graders,
94
percent
for
the
8th­
graders
and
93
percent
for
the
12th­
graders.
The
1993
 
94
geography
assessment
was
administered
to
5,507
4th­
graders,
6,878
8th­
graders,
and
6,234
12th­
graders.
The
response
rates
for
the
assessment
were
93
percent
for
the
4th­
graders,
93
percent
for
the
8th­
graders,
and
90
percent
for
the
12th­
graders.
In
1990,
representative
state­
level
data
were
produced
for
mathematics
at
the
8th­
grade
level.
This
was
the
first
time
NAEP
had
produced
data
on
a
state­
by­
state
level.
In
2000,
state­
level
assessments
were
conducted
in
4th­
and
8th­
grade
mathematics
and
science.
Information
from
NAEP
is
subject
to
both
nonsampling
and
sampling
error.
Two
possible
sources
of
nonsampling
error
are
nonparticipation
and
instrumentation
Certain
populations
have
been
oversampled
to
assure
samples
of
sufficient
size
for
analysis.
Instrumentation
nonsampling
error
could
result
from
failure
of
the
test
instruments
to
measure
what
is
being
taught
and,
in
turn,
what
is
being
learned
by
the
students.
Further
information
on
NAEP
may
be
obtained
from:

Suzanne
Triplett
NAEP
Development
and
Operations
 
Assessment
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Suzanne.
Triplett@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
nationsreportcard
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988
The
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study
of
1988
(
NELS:
88)
is
the
third
major
secondary
school
student
longitudinal
study
sponsored
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics.
The
two
studies
that
preceded
NELS:
88,
the
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
the
High
School
Class
of
1972
(
NLS
 
72)
and
High
School
and
Beyond
(
HS&
B)
in
1980,
surveyed
high
school
seniors
(
and
sophomores
in
HS&
B)
through
high
school,
postsecondary
education,
and
work
and
family
formation
experiences.
Unlike
its
predecessors
NELS:
88
begins
with
a
cohort
of
8th­
grade
students.
In
1988,
some
25,000
8th­
graders,
their
parents,
their
teachers,
and
their
school
principals
were
surveyed.
Followups
were
conducted
in
1990,
1992,
and
1994,
when
a
majority
of
these
students
were
in
10th
and
12th
grades,
and
then
2
years
after
their
scheduled
high
school
graduation.
A
fourth
followup
was
conducted
in
2000.
NELS:
88
is
designed
to
provide
trend
data
about
critical
transitions
experienced
by
young
people
as
they
develop,
attend
school,
and
embark
on
their
careers
It
complements
and
strengthens
state
and
local
efforts
by
furnishing
new
information
on
how
school
policies,
teacher
practices,
and
family
involvement
affect
student
educational
outcomes
(
i.
e.,
academic
achievement,
persistence
in
school,
and
participation
in
postsecondary
education).
For
the
base
year,
NELS:
88
includes
a
multifaceted
student
questionnaire
four
cognitive
tests,
a
parent
questionnaire,
a
teacher
questionnaire,
and
a
school
questionnaire.
In
1990,
when
the
students
were
in
10th
grade,
the
students,
school
dropouts,
their
teachers,
and
their
school
principals
were
surveyed.
The
1988
survey
of
parents
was
not
a
part
of
the
1990
followup.
In
1992,
when
most
of
the
students
were
in
12th
grade,
the
second
followup
conducted
surveys
of
students,
dropouts,
parents,
teachers,
and
school
principals.
Also,
information
from
the
students'
transcripts
were
collected.
Tables
A3
and
A4
present
the
respondent
counts
and
design
effects
of
NELS:
88
and
the
1990
and
1992
followups.
Further
information
on
NELS:
88
may
be
obtained
from:

Jeffrey
Owings
Elementary/
Secondary
and
Library
Studies
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Jeffrey.
Owings@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
nels88/

National
Household
Education
Survey
The
National
Household
Education
Survey
(
NHES)
is
a
data
collection
system
that
is
designed
to
ad­
516
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
dress
a
wide
range
of
education­
related
issues.
Surveys
were
conducted
in
1991,
1993,
1995,
1996,
1999,
and
2001.
NHES
targets
specific
populations
for
detailed
data
collection.
It
is
intended
to
provide
more
detailed
data
on
the
topics
and
populations
of
interest
than
are
collected
through
supplements
to
other
household
surveys.
The
topics
addressed
by
NHES:
91
were
early
childhood
education
and
adult
education.
About
60,000
households
were
screened
for
NHES:
91.
In
the
Early
Childhood
Education
component,
about
14,000
parents/
guardians
of
3­
to
8­
year
olds
completed
interviews
about
their
children's
early
educational
experiences.
Included
in
this
component
were
participation
in
nonparental
care/
education,
care
arrangements
and
school,
and
family,
household
and
child
characteristics.
In
the
NHES:
91
Adult
Education
component,
about
9,800
persons
16
years
of
age
and
older,
identified
as
having
participated
in
an
adult
education
activity
in
the
previous
12
months,
were
questioned
about
their
activities.
Data
were
collected
on
programs
and
up
to
four
courses,
including
the
subject
matter
duration,
sponsorship,
purpose,
and
cost.
Information
on
the
household
and
the
adult's
background
and
current
employment
also
was
collected.
In
the
NHES:
95
survey,
23,969
adults
were
sampled
for
the
adult
education
component
and
80
percent
(
19,722)
completed
the
interview.
In
NHES:
93,
nearly
64,000
households
were
screened.
Approximately
11,000
parents
of
3­
to
7­
year­
olds
completed
interviews
for
the
School
Readiness
component.
Topics
included
were
the
developmental
characteristics
of
preschoolers,
school
adjustment
and
teacher
feedback
to
parents
for
kindergartners
and
primary
students,
center­
based
program
participation,
early
school
experiences,
home
activities
with
family
members,
and
health
status.
In
the
School
Safety
and
Discipline
component,
about
12,700
parents
of
children
in
grades
3
through
12,
and
about
6,500
youth
in
grades
6
through
12,
were
interviewed
about
their
school
experiences.
Topics
included
the
school
learning
environment,
discipline
policy,
safety
at
school,
victimization,
the
availability
and
use
of
alcohol/
drugs,
and
alcohol/
drug
education
Peer
norms
for
behavior
in
school
and
substance
use
were
also
included
in
this
topical
component
Extensive
family
and
household
background
information
was
collected,
as
well
as
characteristics
of
the
school
attended
by
the
child.
In
NHES:
95
survey,
the
Early
Childhood
Program
participation
component
and
the
Adult
Education
component
were
similar
to
those
in
1991.
In
the
Early
Childhood
component,
about
14,000
parents
of
children
from
birth
to
third
grade
were
interviewed.
For
the
Adult
Education
component,
about
19,500
civilian
adults
were
interviewed.
In
the
spring
of
1996,
Parent
and
Family
Involvement
in
education
and
Civic
Involvement
were
covered
For
the
Parent
and
Family
Involvement
component
nearly
21,000
parents
of
children
grades
3
to
12
were
interviewed.
For
the
Civic
Involvement
component
about
8,000
youth
grades
6
to
12,
about
9,000
parents,
and
about
2,000
adults
were
interviewed
The
1996
survey
also
addressed
public
library
use.
Adults
in
almost
55,000
households
were
interviewed
to
support
state­
level
estimates
of
household
public
library
use.
NHES:
99
collected
end­
of­
decade
estimates
of
key
indicators
from
the
surveys
conducted
throughout
the
1990s.
Approximately
60,000
households
were
screened
for
a
total
of
about
40,000
interviews
with
parents
of
children
from
birth
through
12th
grade,
and
adults
aged
16
or
older
not
enrolled
in
grade
12
or
below.
Key
indicators
included
participation
of
children
in
nonparental
care
and
early
childhood
programs
school
experiences,
parent/
family
involvement
in
education
at
home
and
at
school,
youth
community
service
activities,
plans
for
future
education,
and
adult
participation
in
educational
activities
and
community
service.
NHES:
2001
repeated
data
collection
of
prior
surveys
on
Early
Childhood
Program
Participation
and
Adult
Education.
The
Before­
and
After
School
Program
and
Activities
survey
was
a
new
collection
focusing
on
children
from
kindergarten
to
8th­
grade.
Further
information
on
NHES
may
be
obtained
from:

Chris
Chapman
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
2006
Chris.
Chapman@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
nhes/

National
Longitudinal
Study
of
the
High
School
Class
of
1972
The
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
the
high
school
class
of
1972
(
NLS:
72)
began
with
the
collection
of
base­
year
survey
data
from
a
sample
of
about
19,000
high
school
seniors
in
the
spring
of
1972.
Five
more
followup
surveys
of
these
students
were
conducted
in
1973,
1974,
1976,
1979,
and
1986.
NLS:
72
was
designed
to
provide
the
education
community
with
information
on
the
transitions
of
young
adults
from
high
school
through
postsecondary
education
and
the
workplace.
In
addition
to
the
followups,
a
number
of
supplemental
data
collection
efforts
were
undertaken.
For
example,
a
Postsecondary
Education
Transcript
Study
(
PETS)
was
undertaken
in
1984,
and
the
fifth
517
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
followup
survey
in
1986
included
a
supplement
for
those
who
became
teachers.
The
sample
design
for
the
NLS:
72
was
a
stratified,
two­
stage
probability
sample
of
12th­
grade
students
from
all
schools,
public
and
private,
in
the
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia
during
the
1971
 
72
school
year.
During
the
first
stage
of
sampling,
about
1,070
schools
were
selected
for
participation
in
the
base­
year
survey.
As
many
as
18
students
were
selected
at
random
from
each
of
the
sample
schools.
The
size
of
both
the
school
and
student
samples
were
increased
during
the
first
followup
survey.
Beginning
with
the
first
followup
and
continuing
through
the
fourth
followup,
about
1,300
schools
participated
in
the
survey
and
slightly
under
23,500
students
were
sampled.
The
response
rates
for
each
of
the
different
rounds
of
data
collection
have
been
80
percent
or
higher.
Sample
retention
rates
across
the
survey
years
have
been
quite
high.
For
example,
of
the
individuals
responding
to
the
base­
year
questionnaire,
the
percentages
who
responded
to
the
first,
second,
third,
and
fourth
followup
questionnaires
were
about
94,
93,
89,
and
83
percent,
respectively.
Further
information
on
NLS:
72
may
be
obtained
from:

Aurora
M.
D'Amico
Postsecondary
Coop
System,
Analysis,
and
Dissemination
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Aurora.
D'Amico@
ed.
gov
or
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
nls72/

National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study
The
National
Postsecondary
Student
Aid
Study
(
NPSAS)
is
a
comprehensive
nationwide
study
of
how
students
and
their
families
pay
for
postsecondary
education.
It
covers
national
representative
samples
of
undergraduates,
graduates,
and
first­
professional
students,
including
students
attending
less
than
2­
year
institutions,
2­
to
3­
year
schools,
4­
year
colleges,
and
major
universities.
Participants
included
students
who
do
not
receive
aid
and
their
parents,
as
well
as
students
who
do
receive
financial
aid
and
their
parents.
Study
results
are
used
to
help
determine
future
federal
policy
regarding
student
financial
aid.
The
study
was
conducted
every
3
years.
Beginning
in
1999
 
2000,
the
survey
will
be
conducted
every
4
years.
The
first
NPSAS
was
conducted
during
the
1986
 
87
school
year.
Data
were
gathered
from
about
1,074
colleges,
universities,
and
other
postsecondary
institutions;
60,000
students;
and
14,000
parents.
These
data
provided
information
on
the
cost
of
postsecondary
education,
the
distribution
of
financial
aid,
and
the
characteristics
of
both
aided
and
nonaided
students
and
their
families.
As
a
part
of
NPSAS:
93,
information
on
77,000
undergraduates
and
graduate
students
enrolled
during
the
school
year
was
collected
at
1,000
postsecondary
institutions.
The
sample
included
students
enrolled
at
any
time
between
July
1,
1992
and
June
30,
1993.
About
66,000
students
and
a
subsample
of
their
parents
were
interviewed
by
telephone.
NPSAS:
96
contains
information
on
more
than
48,000
undergraduate
and
graduate
students
from
973
postsecondary
institutions.
Students
were
enrolled
at
any
time
during
the
1995
 
96
school
year.
Further
information
on
NPSAS
may
be
obtained
from:

Andrew
G.
Malizio
Postsecondary
Longitudinal
and
Sample
Survey
Studies
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Andrew.
Malizio@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
npsas/

National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
This
study
is
in
response
to
a
continuing
need
for
data
on
faculty
and
instructors­
persons
who
directly
affect
the
quality
of
education
in
postsecondary
institutions
They
often
determine
curriculum
content,
student
performance
standards,
and
the
quality
of
students
preparation
for
careers.
Faculty
members
perform
important
research
and
development
work
and
perform
public
service
activities.
The
National
Study
of
Postsecondary
Faculty
(
NSOPF)
was
designed
to
provide
data
about
faculty
to
postsecondary
researchers
planners,
and
policymakers.
NSOPF
is
the
most
comprehensive
study
of
faculty
in
postsecondary
educational
institutions
ever
undertaken.
The
first
cycle
of
NSOPF
was
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
NCES)
with
support
from
the
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities
(
NEH)
in
1987
 
88
(
NSOPF:
88)
with
a
sample
of
480
colleges
and
universities,
over
3,000
department
chairpersons,
and
over
11,000
instructional
faculty.
The
second
cycle
of
NSOPF
was
conducted
by
NCES
with
support
from
NEH
and
the
National
Science
Foundation
(
NSF)
in
1992
 
93
(
NSOPF:
93).
NSOPF:
93
was
limited
to
surveys
of
institutions
and
faculty,
but
with
a
substantially
expanded
sample
of
974
colleges
and
universities,
and
31,354
faculty
and
instructional
staff.
NSPOF:
99
included
960
degreegranting
postsecondary
institutions
and
approximately
18,000
faculty
and
instructional
staff
questionnaires
were
completed.
518
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Further
information
on
NSOPF
may
be
obtained
from:

Linda
J.
Zimbler
Postsecondary
Longitudinal
and
Sample
Survey
Studies
(
PSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Linda.
Zimbler@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
nsopf/

Projections
of
Education
Statistics
Since
1964,
NCES
has
published
projections
of
key
statistics
for
elementary
and
secondary
schools
and
institutions
of
higher
education.
These
projections
include
statistics
such
as
enrollments,
instructional
staff,
graduates,
earned
degrees,
and
expenditures
The
Projections
reports
include
several
alternative
projection
series
and
a
methodology
section
describing
the
techniques
and
assumptions
used
to
prepare
them.
Data
in
this
edition
of
the
Digest
reflect
the
middle
alternative
projection
series.
Differences
between
the
reported
and
projected
values
are,
of
course,
almost
inevitable.
An
evaluation
of
past
projections
revealed
that,
at
the
elementary
and
secondary
level,
projections
of
enrollments
have
been
quite
accurate:
mean
absolute
percentage
differences
for
enrollment
were
less
than
1
percent
for
projections
from
1
to
5
years
in
the
future,
while
those
for
teachers
were
less
than
4
percent.
At
the
higher
education
level,
projections
of
enrollment
have
been
fairly
accurate:
mean
absolute
percentage
differences
were
5
percent
or
less
for
projections
from
1
to
5
years
into
the
future.
Further
information
on
Projections
of
Education
Statistics
may
be
obtained
from:

Debra
E.
Gerald
Annual
Reports
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Debra.
Gerald@
ed.
gov
www.
nces.
ed.
gov/
edstats/

Public
School
Kindergarten
Teachers'
Views
on
Children's
Readiness
for
School
This
sample
survey
of
1,448
public
school
kindergarten
teachers
was
conducted
as
part
of
a
national
early
childhood
assessment
system
for
National
Education
Goal
One:
``
By
the
year
2000,
all
American
children
will
start
school
ready
to
learn.''
The
survey
obtained
data
on
kindergarten
teachers'
views
of
children's
readiness
and
on
the
teachers'
classroom
practices.
Further
information
on
Public
School
Kindergarten
Teachers'
Views
on
Children's
Readiness
for
School
may
be
obtained
from:

Shelley
Burns
Data
Development
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Shelley.
Burns@
ed.
gov
www.
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
frss/

Public
School
Principal
Survey
on
Safe,
Disciplined,
and
Drug­
Free
Schools
This
sample
survey
used
the
NCES
Fast
Response
Survey
System
(
FRSS),
which
is
designed
to
gather
timely
information
for
policymakers.
The
survey
was
conducted
in
1991
by
Westat,
Inc.
A
national
sample
of
830
public
school
principals,
represented
by
a
response
rate
of
94
percent,
answered
questions
regarding
the
extent
of
discipline
problems
within
their
schools.
They
were
also
questioned
about
the
nature
and
effectiveness
of
their
schools'
current
policies
and
drug
education
programs.
This
survey
categorized
principals
by
instructional
level
(
elementary,
secondary),
type
of
school
location
(
city,
urban
fringe,
town,
rural),
enrollment
size
(
less
than
300,
300
to
999,
1,000
or
more),
region
(
Northeast
Central,
Southeast,
and
West),
and
percentage
of
students
receiving
free
or
reduced­
price
lunches
(
10
percent
or
less,
11
to
40
percent,
41
percent
or
more).
Further
information
on
Public
School
Principal
Survey
on
Safe,
Disciplined,
and
Drug­
Free
Schools
may
be
obtained
from:

Shelley
Burns
Data
Development
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Shelley.
Burns@
ed.
gov
www.
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
frss/

Survey
of
Recent
College
Graduates
Since
1976,
NCES
has
conducted
six
surveys
of
baccalaureate
and
master's
degree
recipients
1
year
after
graduation.
The
Recent
College
Graduates
(
RCG)
surveys
have
concentrated
on
those
graduates
entering
the
teaching
profession.
The
surveys
link
major
field
of
study
with
outcomes
such
as
whether
the
respondent
entered
the
labor
force
or
was
seeking
additional
education.
Data
on
labor
force
includes
employment
status
(
unemployed,
parttime
or
full­
time
employed),
occupation,
salary,
career
potential,
relation
to
major
field
of
study,
and
need
for
a
college
degree.
To
obtain
accurate
results
on
teachers,
graduates
with
a
major
in
education
519
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
were
oversampled.
The
latest
two
surveys
continued
to
oversample
education
majors,
but
increased
the
sampling
of
graduates
with
majors
in
other
fields.
The
survey
involved
a
two­
stage
sampling
procedure
First,
the
universe
of
institutions
awarding
bachelor's
and
master's
degrees
was
stratified
by
number
or
percentage
of
degrees
awarded
to
education
graduates
and
by
control
of
institution
(
public
or
private).
A
sample
of
institutions
within
each
stratum
was
then
selected.
Second,
for
each
of
the
selected
institutions,
a
list
of
their
graduates
by
major
field
of
study
was
obtained
and
a
sample
of
graduates
was
drawn
by
major
field
of
study.
Graduates
in
certain
major
fields
of
study
(
e.
g.,
education,
mathematics
physical
sciences)
were
sampled
at
higher
rates
than
graduates
in
other
fields.
Roughly
1
year
after
graduation,
the
sample
of
graduates
was
located
contacted
by
mail
or
telephone,
and
asked
to
respond
to
the
questionnaire.
The
locating
process
was
more
detailed
than
in
most
surveys.
Nonresponse
rates
were
directly
related
to
the
time,
effort,
and
resources
used
in
locating
graduates,
rather
than
to
graduates'
refusals
to
participate.
Despite
the
difficulties
in
locating
graduates
response
rates
for
recent
studies
are
comparable
to
studies
without
locating
problems.
The
1976
survey
of
1974
 
75
college
graduates
was
the
first,
and
smallest
of
the
series.
The
sample
consisted
of
211
schools,
of
which
200
(
96
percent)
responded.
Of
the
5,854
graduates
in
the
sample,
4,350
responded,
for
a
response
rate
of
79
percent.
The
1981
survey
was
somewhat
larger,
with
a
coverage
of
297
institutions
and
15,852
graduates.
Responses
were
obtained
from
283
institutions,
for
an
institutional
response
rate
of
95
percent,
and
from
9,312
graduates
(
716
others
were
determined
to
be
out
of
scope),
for
a
response
rate
of
74
percent.
The
1985
survey
sampled
404
colleges
and
18,738
graduates
of
whom
17,853
were
found
to
be
in
scope.
Responses
were
obtained
from
13,200
students
for
a
response
rate
of
78
percent.
The
response
rate
for
the
colleges
was
98
percent.
The
1987
survey
form
was
sent
to
21,957
graduates.
Responses
were
received
from
16,878,
for
a
response
rate
of
79.7
percent.
RCG:
91
involved
a
sample
of
18,135
graduates
of
400
bachelor's
and
master's
degree­
granting
institutions
The
18,135
graduates
consisted
of
16,172
bachelor's
degrees
recipients
and
1,963
master's
degree
recipients
receiving
diplomas
between
July
1,
1989
and
June
30,
1990.
Random
samples
of
graduates
were
selected
from
lists
stratified
by
field
of
study.
Graduates
in
education,
mathematics,
and
the
physical
sciences
were
sampled
at
a
higher
rate,
as
were
minority
graduates
to
provide
a
sufficient
number
of
these
graduates
for
analysis
purposes.
The
graduates
included
in
the
sample
were
selected
in
proportion
to
the
institution's
number
of
graduates.
The
institutional
response
rate
was
95
percent
and
the
graduate
response
rate
was
83
percent.
Table
A5
contains
sample
sizes
for
number
of
graduates,
by
field,
for
the
1976,
1981,
1985,
1987,
and
1991
surveys.
This
survey
system
has
been
replaced
by
a
new
data
collection
entitled
Baccalaureate
and
Beyond
Longitudinal
Study
(
see
listing
above).
Further
information
on
the
RCG
survey
may
be
obtained
from:

Paula
Knepper
Postsecondary
Studies
Division
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Paula.
Knepper@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
rcg/

Schools
and
Staffing
Survey
The
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey
(
SASS)
is
a
set
of
linked
questionnaires
that
covers
public
school
districts
public
and
private
schools,
principals,
and
teachers
as
its
core
components.
SASS
was
first
conducted
for
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
during
the
1987
 
88
school
year.
SASS
subsequently
was
conducted
in
1990
 
91,
1993
 
94,
and
1999
 
2000.
SASS
data
are
reported
through
a
mail
questionnaire
with
telephone
followup.
SASS
collects
data
on
the
nation's
public
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
teaching
force,
characteristics
of
schools
and
school
principals
demand
for
teachers,
and
school/
school
district
policies.
The
1990
 
91,
1993
 
94,
and
1999
 
2000
SASS
also
obtained
data
on
Bureau
of
Indian
Affairs
(
BIA)
or
tribally
run
schools.
For
the
first
time,
SASS,
1999
 
2000
included
the
entire
universe
of
charter
schools
known
to
be
in
operation
during
1998
 
99.
SASS
data
are
collected
through
a
sample
survey
of
schools,
the
school
districts
associated
with
sampled
schools,
school
principals,
school
library/
media
centers
and
teachers.
Both
the
1993
 
94
and
1999
 
2000
SASS
estimates
are
based
upon
a
sample
consisting
of
approximately
9,900
public
schools,
3,600
private
schools,
and
5,500
public
school
districts
associated
with
the
public
schools
in
the
sample.
From
these
schools,
about
56,000
public
school
teachers
and
10,700
private
school
teachers
were
selected
for
the
1993
 
94
and
1999
 
2000
SASS
teacher
surveys.
The
1999
 
2000
SASS
included
1,100
charter
schools,
and
a
sample
of
4,400
charter
school
teachers.
The
public
school
sample
for
the
1999
 
2000
SASS
was
based
on
the
1997
 
98
school
year
Common
Core
of
Data
(
CCD),
the
compilation
of
all
the
nation's
public
school
districts
and
public
schools.
CCD
520
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
is
collected
annually
from
state
education
agencies.
The
frame
includes
regular
public
schools,
Department
of
Defense­
operated
military
base
schools
in
the
United
States,
and
other
schools,
such
as
special
education,
vocational,
and
alternative
schools.
SASS
is
designed
to
provide
national
estimates
for
public
and
private
school
characteristics
and
state
estimates
for
school
districts,
public
schools,
principals,
and
teachers.
The
teacher
survey
is
designed
as
well
to
allow
comparisons
between
new
and
experienced
teachers,
and
between
bilingual/
ESL
teachers
and
other
teachers.
The
private
school
sample
for
1993
 
94
SASS
was
selected
from
the
1991
 
92
Private
School
Universe
Survey
(
PSS)
(
1997
 
98
PSS
for
the
1999
 
2000
SASS),
supplemented
with
list
updates
from
states
and
some
associations
available
in
time
for
sample
selection.
PSS
collects
basic
data
on
all
of
the
nation's
private
schools
from
two
sources:
the
list
frame
and
the
area
search
frame.
The
list
frame
was
compiled
from
a
set
of
private
school
associations
that
provide
NCES
with
their
membership
lists
and
states
that
gather
lists
of
private
schools.
The
area
search
frame
consisted
of
schools
not
included
on
the
list
frame
that
were
compiled
from
local
sources
in
a
sample
of
counties
around
the
United
States.
Private
school
estimates
are
available
at
the
national
level
and
by
type
of
private
school.
The
1993
 
94
Teacher
Demand
and
Shortage
(
TDS)
and
School
Principal
Questionnaires
were
mailed
out
first
in
October
1993,
along
with
School
Library/
Media
Center
and
Library
Media
Specialist/
Librarian
Questionnaires.
The
weighted
response
rate
for
the
Teacher
Demand
and
Shortage
Questionnaire
was
93.9
percent.
Weighted
response
rates
for
the
Public
School
Principal
Questionnaire
and
the
Private
School
Questionnaire
were
96.6
percent
and
87.6
percent,
respectively.
In
December
1993,
public,
private,
and
BIA
school
questionnaires
were
mailed
out
as
part
of
the
1993
 
94
SASS.
The
public,
private,
and
BIA
teacher
questionnaires
were
sent
out
in
several
batches,
between
mid­
December
1993
and
early
February
1994.
Weighted
response
rates
for
the
Public
School
Questionnaire
and
the
Private
School
Questionnaire
were
92.3
percent
and
83.2
percent,
respectively.
Five
percent
of
public
schools
and
9
percent
of
private
schools
did
not
provide
a
list
of
teachers
in
their
schools
and
were
thus
ineligible
for
sampling.
Weighted
response
rates
were
88.2
percent
for
public
school
teachers
and
80.2
percent
for
private
school
teachers.
Item
response
rates
were
varied,
but
generally
high,
ranging
from
67
to
100
percent
for
the
1993
 
94
TDS,
65
to
100
percent
for
public
school
principal
questions,
55
to
100
percent
for
private
school
principal
items,
83
to
100
percent
for
public
school
items,
61
to
100
percent
for
private
school
survey
items,
71
to
100
percent
for
public
school
teacher
items,
and
69
to
100
percent
for
private
school
teacher
items.
For
SASS,
1999
 
2000,
the
School
District
and
School
Principal
Questionnaires
were
mailed
out
first
in
October
1999,
along
with
School
Library/
Media
Center
Questionnaires.
The
unweighted
response
rate
for
the
School
District
Questionnaire
was
90.6
percent.
Unweighted
response
rates
for
the
Public
School
Principal
Questionnaire,
the
Private
School
Principal
Questionnaire,
and
the
Charter
School
Principal
Questionnaire
were
92.8
percent,
88.6
percent,
and
94.6
percent,
respectively.
In
December
1999,
public,
private,
charter,
and
BIA
school
questionnaires
were
mailed
out
as
part
of
the
1999
 
2000
SASS.
The
public,
private,
charter,
and
BIA
teacher
questionnaires
were
sent
out
in
several
batches,
between
mid­
December
1999
and
February
2000.
Unweighted
response
rates
for
the
Public
School
Questionnaire,
the
Private
School
Questionnaire
and
the
Charter
School
Questionnaire
were
90.0
percent,
79.8
percent,
and
86.1
percent,
respectively
Seven
percent
of
public
schools,
13
percent
of
private
schools,
and
9
percent
of
charter
schools
did
not
provide
a
list
of
teachers
in
their
schools
and
were
thus
ineligible
for
sampling.
Weighted
response
rates
were
83.0
percent
for
public
school
teachers,
77.0
percent
for
private
school
teachers,
and
78.3
percent
for
charter
school
teachers.
Public­
use
data
files
will
be
available
on
CD­
ROM
(
2002
forthcoming).
Restricted­
use
data
files
are
also
available
to
approved,
licensed
users.
Summary
data
from
the
1999
 
2000
SASS
can
be
found
in
the
forthcoming
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey,
1999
 
2000:
Overview
of
the
Data
(
NCES
2002
 
313).
Further
information
about
the
sample
design
may
be
obtained
from
the
1999
 
2000
Schools
and
Staffing
Survey:
Sample
Design
and
Estimation
(
forthcoming).
There
also
is
a
methodology
report
on
SASS,
A
Quality
Profile
for
SASS,
Rounds
1
 
3:
1987
to
1995
(
NCES
2000
 
308).
The
SASS
homepage
at
the
address
below
contains
updates
on
the
latest
publications.
Further
information
on
SASS
may
be
obtained
from:

Kerry
Gruber
Elementary/
Secondary
Sample
Survey
Studies
Program
(
ESLSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Kerry.
Gruber@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
sass/

Private
School
Universe
Survey
The
purposes
of
Private
School
Survey
(
PSS)
data
collection
activities
are:
to
build
an
accurate
and
521
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
complete
list
of
private
schools
to
serve
as
a
sampling
frame
for
NCES
sample
surveys
of
private
schools;
and
to
report
data
on
the
total
number
of
private
schools,
teachers,
and
students
in
the
survey
universe.
The
PSS
is
conducted
every
2
years
with
collections
in
1989
 
90,
1991
 
92,
1993
 
94,
1995
 
96,
1997
 
98,
and
1999
 
2000
school
years.
The
next
survey
will
be
in
the
2001
 
02
school
year.
The
PSS
produces
data
similar
to
that
of
the
CCD
for
the
public
schools,
and
can
be
used
for
public­
private
comparisons.
The
data
are
useful
for
a
variety
of
policy
and
research­
relevant
issues,
such
as
the
growth
of
religiously
affiliated
schools,
the
number
of
private
high
school
graduates,
the
length
of
the
school
year
for
various
private
schools,
and
the
number
of
private
school
graduates,
the
length
of
the
school
year
for
various
private
schools,
and
the
number
of
private
school
students
and
teachers.
The
target
population
for
the
universe
survey
consists
of
all
private
schools
in
the
United
States
that
meet
NCES
criteria
of
a
school
(
e.
g.,
private
school
is
an
institution
which
provides
instruction
for
any
of
grades
K
through
12,
has
one
or
more
teachers
to
give
instruction,
is
not
administered
by
a
public
agency
and
is
not
operated
in
a
private
home).
The
survey
universe
is
composed
of
schools
identified
from
a
variety
of
sources.
The
main
source
is
a
list
frame,
initially
developed
for
the
1989
 
90
PSS.
The
list
is
updated
regularly
matching
it
with
lists
provided
by
nationwide
private
school
associations,
state
departments
of
education,
and
other
national
guides
and
sources
which
list
private
schools.
The
other
source
is
an
area
frame
search
in
approximately
120
geographic
areas,
conducted
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
Further
information
on
PSS
may
be
obtained
from:

Steve
Broughman
Elementary/
Secondary
Sample
Survey
Studies
Program
(
ESLSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Stephen.
Broughman@
ed.
gov
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
surveys/
pss/

The
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
The
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
(
TIMSS)
is
the
largest,
most
comprehensive,
and
most
rigorous
international
comparison
of
education
ever
undertaken.
During
the
1995
school
year,
the
study
tested
the
mathematics
and
science
knowledge
of
half
a
million
students
from
42
nations
at
three
different
grade
levels.
At
the
same
time,
the
students,
their
teachers,
and
the
principals
of
their
schools
were
asked
to
respond
to
questionnaires
about
their
backgrounds
and
their
attitudes,
experiences
and
practices
in
the
teaching
and
learning
of
mathematics
and
science.
In
1999,
the
Third
International
Mathematics
and
Science
Study
 
Repeat
(
TIMMS
 
R)
compared
the
mathematics
and
science
achievement
of
8th­
graders
in
38
countries.
TIMSS
is
a
collaborative
research
project
sponsored
by
the
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA).
The
TIMSS
International
Study
Center
is
housed
in
the
Center
for
the
Study
of
Testing,
Evaluation,
and
Educational
Policy
(
CSTEEP)
at
Boston
College.
The
TIMSS
International
Study
Director,
Albert
E.
Beaton,
directs
the
international
activities
of
the
study,
together
with
his
staff
at
the
International
Study
Center.
Further
information
on
TIMSS
may
be
obtained
from:

Dr.
Albert
Beaton,
TIMSS
International
Study
Director
CSTEEP,
Campion
Hall
323
Boston
College
Chestnut
Hill,
MA
02467
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
timss/

Other
Department
of
Education
Agencies
Office
for
Civil
Rights
Elementary
and
Secondary
Civil
Rights
Compliance
Report
(
Survey)

The
Office
for
Civil
Rights
(
OCR),
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
conducts
biennial
surveys
of
public
school
districts
and
of
schools
within
those
districts.
Data
are
obtained
on
the
characteristics
of
pupils
enrolled
in
public
schools
throughout
the
nation.
Such
information
is
required
under
Title
VI
of
the
Civil
Rights
Act
of
1964,
Title
IX
of
the
Education
Amendments
of
1972,
and
Section
504
of
the
Rehabilitation
Act
of
1973
to
enable
OCR
to
carry
out
its
compliance
responsibilities.
The
1990
survey
included
the
100
largest
public
school
districts,
those
of
special
interest
(
i.
e.,
court
order,
compliance
review),
and
a
stratified
random
sample
of
approximately
3,500
districts
representing
approximately
40,000
schools.
School,
district,
and
national
data
are
currently
available
Further
information
on
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Civil
Rights
Compliance
Report
(
Survey)
may
be
obtained
from:

Peter
McCabe
Office
for
Civil
Rights
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
330
C
Street
SW
Washington,
DC
20202
http://
www.
ed.
gov/
offices/
OCR/
522
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
The
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services
Annual
Report
to
Congress
on
the
Implementation
of
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
The
Individuals
with
Disabilities
Education
Act
(
IDEA),
formerly
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
(
EHA),
requires
the
Secretary
of
Education
to
transmit
to
Congress
annually,
a
report
describing
the
progress
in
serving
the
nation's
disabled
children.
The
annual
report
contains
information
on
children
served
by
the
public
schools
under
the
provisions
of
Part
B
of
the
IDEA
and
for
children
served
in
stateoperated
programs
(
SOP)
for
the
handicapped
under
Chapter
I
of
the
Elementary
and
Secondary
Education
Act
(
ESEA).
Statistics
on
children
receiving
special
education
and
related
services
in
various
settings
and
school
personnel
providing
such
services
are
reported
in
an
annual
submission
of
data
to
the
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services
(
OSERS),
by
the
50
states,
the
District
of
Columbia
and
the
outlying
areas.
The
child
count
information
is
based
on
the
number
of
disabled
children
receiving
special
education
and
related
services
on
December
1st
of
each
year.
Since
each
participant
in
programs
for
the
disabled
is
reported
to
OSERS,
the
data
are
not
subject
to
sampling
error.
However,
nonsampling
error
can
occur
from
a
variety
of
sources.
Some
states
follow
a
noncategorical
approach
to
the
delivery
of
special
education
services,
but
produce
counts
by
disabling
condition
because
EHA
 
B
requires
it.
In
those
states
that
do
categorize
their
disabled
students,
definitions
and
labeling
practices
vary.
Further
information
on
the
Annual
Report
to
Congress
may
be
obtained
from:

Office
of
Special
Education
Programs
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services
330
C
Street
SW
Washington,
DC
20202
www.
ed.
gov/
offices/
OSERS/
OSEP/
index.
html
National
Longitudinal
Transition
Study
of
Special
Education
Students
As
part
of
the
1983
amendments
to
the
Education
of
the
Handicapped
Act
(
EHA),
Congress
requested
that
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education
conduct
a
national
longitudinal
study
of
the
transition
of
secondary
special
education
students
to
determine
how
they
fare
in
terms
of
education,
employment,
and
independent
living.
A
5­
year
study
was
mandated,
which
was
to
include
youth
from
ages
13
to
21
who
were
in
special
education
at
the
time
they
were
selected
and
who
represented
all
11
federal
disability
categories
Data
were
drawn
from
extensive
telephone
interviews
with
parents,
from
school
records,
and
from
a
survey
of
educators
in
secondary
schools
attended
by
youth
in
the
study.
The
study
was
conducted
by
SRI
International
and
began
in
April,
1987.
The
National
Transition
Study
involves
a
nationally
representative
sample
of
more
than
8,000
secondary­
age
youth
with
disabilities.
A
sample
of
450
school
districts
was
randomly
selected
from
the
universe
of
approximately
14,000
school
districts
serving
secondary
special
education
students
An
additional
replacement
sample
of
176
additional
districts
was
selected
due
to
a
low
rate
of
agreement
to
participate
from
the
initial
group
of
districts
Participation
in
the
study
was
invited
from
the
approximately
80
special
schools
serving
secondaryage
deaf,
blind,
and
deaf­
blind
schools.
A
total
of
approximately
300
school
districts
and
25
special
schools
agreed
to
have
youth
selected
for
the
study.
Further
information
on
the
National
Longitudinal
Transition
Study
of
Special
Education
Students
may
be
obtained
from:

Office
of
Special
Education
Programs
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services
330
C
Street
SW
Washington,
DC
20202
www.
ed.
gov/
offices/
OSERS/
OSEP/
index.
html
Other
Governmental
Agencies
Bureau
of
the
Census
Current
Population
Survey
Current
estimates
of
school
enrollment
rates,
as
well
as
social
and
economic
characteristics
of
students
are
based
on
data
collected
in
the
Census
Bureau's
monthly
household
survey
of
about
50,000
dwelling
units.
The
monthly
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS)
sample
consists
of
754
areas
comprising
2,007
geographic
areas,
independent
cities,
and
minor
civil
divisions
throughout
the
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia.
The
samples
are
initially
selected
based
on
the
decennial
census
files
and
are
periodically
updated
to
reflect
new
housing
construction
The
monthly
CPS
deals
primarily
with
labor
force
data
for
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population
(
i.
e.,
excluding
military
personnel
and
their
families
living
on
post
and
inmates
of
institutions).
In
addition,
in
October
of
each
year,
supplemental
questions
are
asked
about
highest
grade
completed,
level
and
grade
of
current
enrollment,
attendance
status,
number
and
type
of
courses,
degree
or
certificate
objective
and
type
of
organization
offering
instruction
for
each
member
of
the
household.
In
March
of
each
year,
supplemental
questions
on
income
are
asked.
523
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
The
responses
to
these
questions
are
combined
with
answers
to
two
questions
on
educational
attainment:
highest
grade
of
school
ever
attended,
and
whether
that
grade
was
completed.
The
estimation
procedure
employed
for
monthly
CPS
data
involves
inflating
weighted
sample
results
to
independent
estimates
of
characteristics
of
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population
in
the
United
States
by
age,
sex,
and
race.
These
independent
estimates
are
based
on
statistics
from
decennial
censuses;
statistics
on
births,
deaths,
immigration,
and
emigration;
and
statistics
on
the
population
in
the
armed
services
Generalized
standard
error
tables
are
provided
in
the
Current
Population
Reports.
The
data
are
subject
to
both
nonsampling
and
sampling
errors.
Further
information
on
CPS
may
be
obtained
from:

Education
and
Social
Stratification
Branch
Population
Division
Bureau
of
the
Census
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Washington,
DC
20233
http://
www.
bls.
census.
gov/
cps/
cpsmain.
htm
Educational
Attainment
Data
on
years
of
school
completed
are
derived
from
two
questions
on
the
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS)
instrument.
Formal
reports
documenting
educational
attainment
are
produced
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
using
March
CPS
results.
The
latest
report
is
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States,
March
2000,
Series
P20
 
536,
which
is
available
from
the
Government
Printing
Office.
In
addition
to
the
general
constraints
of
CPS,
some
data
indicate
that
the
respondents
have
a
tendency
to
overestimate
the
educational
level
of
members
of
their
household.
Some
inaccuracy
is
due
to
a
lack
of
the
respondent's
knowledge
of
the
exact
educational
attainment
of
each
household
member
and
the
hesitancy
to
acknowledge
anything
less
than
a
high
school
education.
Another
cause
of
nonsampling
variability
is
the
change
in
the
numbers
in
the
armed
services
over
the
years.
Caution
should
also
be
used
when
comparing
newer
data,
which
reflect
1990
census­
based
population
controls,
with
data
from
March
1993
and
earlier
years,
which
reflect
1980
or
earlier
census­
based
population
controls.
This
change
in
population
controls
had
relatively
little
impact
on
summary
measures
such
as
means,
medians,
and
percentage
distributions
It
did
have
a
significant
impact
on
levels.
For
example,
use
of
1990
based
population
controls
results
in
about
a
1
percent
increase
in
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population
and
in
the
number
of
families
and
households.
Thus,
estimates
of
levels
for
data
collected
in
1994
and
later
years
will
differ
from
those
for
earlier
years
by
more
than
what
could
be
attributed
to
actual
changes
in
the
population.
These
differences
could
be
disproportionately
greater
for
certain
subpopulation
groups
than
for
the
total
population
Examples
of
the
sampling
variability
in
the
estimates
of
educational
attainment
are
given
in
table
A7.
For
the
March
2000
basic
CPS,
the
nonresponse
rate
was
7.0
percent
and
for
the
suppplement
the
nonresponse
rate
was
an
additional
8.0
percent
for
a
total
supplement
nonresponse
rate
of
14.4
percent.
The
figures
shown
in
the
table
hold
for
total
or
white
population
estimates
only.
The
variability
in
estimates
for
subgroups
(
region,
household
relationships
etc.)
can
be
estimated
using
the
tables
presented
in
Current
Population
Reports.
Further
information
on
the
Current
Population
Survey
may
be
obtained
from
the
CPS
Web
Site
at:
http://
www.
bls.
census.
gov/
cps/
cpsmain.
htm
Further
information
on
CPS
``
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States''
may
be
obtained
from:

Education
and
Social
Stratification
Branch
Bureau
of
the
Census
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Washington,
DC
20233
http://
www.
census.
gov/
population/
www/
socdemo/
educ­
attn.
html
School
Enrollment
Each
October,
the
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS)
includes
supplemental
questions
on
the
enrollment
status
of
the
population
3
years
old
and
over,
in
addition
to
the
monthly
basic
survey
on
labor
force
participation.
The
main
sources
of
nonsampling
variability
in
the
responses
to
the
supplement
are
those
inherent
in
the
survey
instrument
The
question
of
current
enrollment
may
not
be
answered
accurately
for
various
reasons.
Some
respondents
may
not
know
current
grade
information
for
every
student
in
the
household,
a
problem
especially
prevalent
for
households
with
members
in
college
or
in
nursery
school.
Confusion
over
college
credits
or
hours
taken
by
a
student
may
make
it
difficult
to
determine
the
year
in
which
the
student
is
enrolled.
Problems
may
occur
with
the
definition
of
nursery
school
(
a
group
or
class
organized
to
provide
educational
experiences
for
children),
where
respondents
interpretations
of
``
educational
experiences
vary.
The
2000
CPS
sample
was
selected
from
the
1990
Decennial
Census
files
with
coverage
in
all
50
states
and
the
District
of
Columbia.
The
sample
is
continually
updated
to
account
for
new
residential
construction
The
United
States
was
divided
into
2,007
geographic
areas.
In
most
states,
a
geographic
area
consisted
of
a
county
or
several
contiguous
counties.
In
some
areas
of
New
England
and
Hawaii,
minor
civil
divisions
are
used
instead
of
counties.
A
total
of
754
geographic
areas
were
selected
for
sample.
About
50,000
occupied
households
are
eligible
for
524
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
interview
every
month.
Interviewers
are
unable
to
obtain
interviews
at
about
3,200
of
these
units.
This
occurs
when
the
occupants
are
not
found
at
home
after
repeated
calls
or
are
unavailable
for
some
other
reason
For
the
October
2000
basic
CPS,
the
nonresponse
rate
was
6.8
percent,
and
for
the
school
enrollment
supplement
the
nonresponse
rate
was
an
additional
3.1
percent
for
a
total
supplement
nonresponse
rate
of
9.7
percent.
Examples
of
sampling
variability
in
the
estimates
of
school
enrollment
rates
are
given
in
table
A6.
Further
information
on
CPS
methodology
may
be
obtained
from:

http://
www.
bls.
census.
gov/
cps/
cpsmain.
htm
Further
information
on
CPS
``
School
Enrollment''
may
be
obtained
from:

Education
and
Social
Stratification
Branch
Bureau
of
the
Census
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Washington,
DC
20233
http://
www.
census.
gov/
population/
www/
socdemo/
school.
html
Dropouts
Each
October,
the
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS)
includes
supplemental
questions
on
the
enrollment
status
of
the
population
3
years
old
and
over
as
part
of
the
monthly
basic
survey
on
labor
force
participation.
In
addition
to
gathering
the
information
on
school
enrollment,
with
the
limitations
as
noted
under
``
School
Enrollment,''
the
survey
data
permit
calculations
of
dropout
rates.
Both
status
and
event
dropout
rates
are
tabulated
from
the
CPS
Survey
The
Digest
provides
information
using
the
status
rate
calculation.
Event
rates
describe
the
proportion
of
students
who
leave
school
each
year
without
completing
a
high
school
program.
Status
rates
provide
cumulative
data
on
dropouts
among
all
young
adults
within
a
specified
age
range.
Status
rates
are
higher
than
event
rates
because
they
include
all
dropouts
ages
16
through
24,
regardless
of
when
they
last
attended
school.
In
addition
to
other
survey
limitations,
dropout
rates
may
be
affected
by
survey
coverage
and
exclusion
of
the
institutionalized
population.
The
incarcerated
population
has
grown
more
rapidly
than
the
general
population,
and
they
have
a
higher
dropout
rate
than
the
general
population.
Dropout
rates
for
the
total
population
might
be
higher
than
those
for
the
noninstitutionalized
population
if
the
prison
and
jail
populations
were
included
in
the
dropout
rate
calculations
On
the
other
hand,
the
inclusion
of
military
personnel,
who
tend
to
be
high
school
graduates,
might
offset
some
or
all
of
the
impact
from
the
inclusion
of
the
jail
and
prison
population.
Another
area
of
concern
with
tabulations
involving
young
people
in
household
surveys
is
the
relatively
low
coverage
ratio
compared
to
older
age
groups.
CPS
undercoverage
results
from
missed
housing
units
and
missed
persons
within
sample
households.
Overall
CPS
undercoverage
is
estimated
to
be
about
8
percent.
CPS
undercoverage
varies
with
age,
sex,
and
race.
Generally,
undercoverage
is
larger
for
males
than
for
females
and
larger
for
blacks
and
other
races
combined
than
for
whites.
For
example,
the
undercoverage
ratio
for
black
20­
to
29­
year­
olds
males
is
34
percent.
Ratio
estimation
to
independent
age­
sex­
race­
Hispanic
population
controls
partially
corrects
for
the
bias
due
to
undercoverage.
However,
biases
exist
in
the
estimates
to
the
extent
that
missed
persons
in
missed
households
or
missed
persons
in
interviewed
households
have
different
characteristics
from
those
of
interviewed
persons
in
the
same
age­
sex­
race­
origin­
state
group.
Further
information
on
CPS
methodology
may
be
obtained
from:

http://
www.
bls.
census.
gov/
cps/
cpsmain.
htm
Further
information
on
calculation
of
dropouts
and
dropout
rates
may
be
obtained
from
the
NCES
Dropout
Rates
in
the
United
States:
2000
at:

http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
pubsearch/
pubsinfo.
asp?
pubid=
2002144
or
by
contacting,

Chris
Chapman
Early
Childhood
Longitudinal
Study
Program
(
ECICSD)
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
Chris.
Chapman@
ed.
gov
Government
Finances
The
Census
Bureau
conducts
an
annual
survey
of
Government
Finances
as
authorized
by
law
under
Title
13,
United
States
Code,
Section
182.
This
survey
covers
the
entire
range
of
government
finance
activities:
revenue,
expenditure,
debt,
and
assets.
Revenues
and
expenditures
comprise
actual
receipts
and
payments
of
a
government
and
its
agencies,
including
government­
operated
enterprises,
utilities,
and
public
trust
funds.
The
expenditure
reporting
categories
comprise
all
amounts
of
money
paid
out
by
a
government
and
its
agencies
with
the
exception
of
amounts
for
debt
retirement
and
for
loan,
investment,
agency,
and
private
trust
transactions.
Most
of
the
federal
government
statistics
are
based
on
figures
that
appear
in
The
Budget
of
the
United
States
Government.
Since
the
classification
used
by
the
Census
Bureau
for
reporting
state
and
local
government
finance
statistics
differs
in
a
number
of
important
respects
from
the
classification
used
in
the
United
States
Budget,
it
was
necessary
to
adjust
the
federal
data.
For
this
report,
federal
budget
expenditures
include
interest
accrued,
but
not
paid,
525
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
during
the
fiscal
year;
Census
data
on
interest
are
on
a
disbursement
basis.
The
state
government
finances
are
based
primarily
on
the
annual
Census
Bureau
survey
of
state
finances
Census
staff
compiled
figures
from
official
records
and
reports
of
the
various
states
for
most
of
the
state
financial
data.
The
sample
of
local
governments
is
drawn
from
the
periodic
Census
of
Governments
and
consists
of
certain
local
governments
taken
with
certainty
plus
a
sample
below
the
certainty
level.
The
statistics
in
Government
Finances
that
are
based
wholly
or
partly
on
data
from
the
sample
are
subject
to
sampling
error.
State
government
finance
data
are
not
subject
to
sampling
error.
Estimates
of
major
United
States
totals
for
local
governments
are
subject
to
a
computed
sampling
variability
of
less
than
one­
half
of
l
percent.
The
estimates
are
also
subject
to
the
inaccuracies
in
classification,
response
and
processing
which
would
occur
if
a
complete
census
had
been
conducted
under
the
same
conditions
as
the
sample.
Further
information
on
Government
Finances
may
be
obtained
from:

Governments
Division
Bureau
of
the
Census
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Washington,
DC
20233
http://
www.
census.
gov/
govs/
www/
index.
html
1990
Census
of
Population
 
Education
in
the
United
States
This
report
is
based
on
a
part
of
the
decennial
census
which
consists
of
questions
asked
of
a
onein
six
sample
of
persons
and
housing
units
in
the
United
States.
This
sample
was
asked
more
detailed
questions
about
income,
occupation,
and
housing
costs
in
addition
to
general
demographic
information.
School
Enrollment
Persons
classified
as
enrolled
in
school
reported
attending
a
``
regular''
public
or
private
school
or
college
at
any
time
between
February
1,
1990,
and
the
time
listed.
Questions
asked
were
whether
the
institution
attended
was
public
or
private,
and
level
of
school
in
which
the
student
was
enrolled
Educational
Attainment
Data
for
educational
attainment
were
tabulated
for
persons
15
years
and
over,
and
classified
according
to
the
highest
grade
completed
or
the
highest
degree
received.
Instructions
were
also
given
to
include
the
level
of
the
previous
grade
attended
or
the
highest
degree
received
for
persons
currently
enrolled
in
school.
Poverty
status
To
determine
poverty
status,
answers
to
income
questions
were
used
and
compared
to
the
appropriate
poverty
threshold.
All
persons
except
institutionalized
persons,
persons
in
military
group
quarters
and
in
college
dormitories,
and
unrelated
persons
under
15
years
old
were
considered.
If
total
income
of
each
family
or
unrelated
individual
in
the
sample
was
less
than
the
corresponding
cutoff,
that
family
or
individual
was
classified
as
``
below
the
poverty
level.''
Further
information
on
the
1990
Census
of
population
may
be
obtained
from:

Population
Division
Bureau
of
the
Census
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Washington,
DC
20233
http://
www.
census.
gov/
prod/
www/
abs/
decenial.
html
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
Unemployment
Surveys
Statistics
on
the
employment
status
of
the
population
and
related
data
are
compiled
by
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
(
BLS)
using
data
from
the
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS).
This
monthly
survey
of
households
is
conducted
for
BLS
by
the
Bureau
of
the
Census
through
a
scientifically
selected
sample
designed
to
represent
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population.
Respondents
are
interviewed
to
obtain
information
about
the
employment
status
of
each
member
of
the
household
16
years
of
age
and
over.
Each
month
about
50,000
occupied
units
are
eligible
for
interview.
Some
3,200
of
these
households
are
contacted,
but
interviews
are
not
obtained
because
the
occupants
are
not
at
home
after
repeated
calls
or
are
unavailable
for
other
reasons.
This
represents
a
noninterview
rate
for
the
survey
that
ranges
between
6
and
7
percent.
In
addition
to
the
50,000
occupied
units,
there
are
9,000
sample
units
in
an
average
month
which
are
visited,
but
found
to
be
vacant
or
otherwise
not
eligible
for
enumeration.
The
current
sample
design,
introduced
in
January
1996,
includes
about
59,000
households
from
754
sample
areas
and
maintains
a
1.9
percent
coefficient
of
variation
(
cv)
on
national
monthly
estimates
of
unemployment
level.
This
translates
into
a
change
of
0.2
percentage
points
in
the
unemployment
rate
being
significant
at
a
90
percent
confidence
level.
For
each
of
the
50
states
and
for
the
District
of
Columbia
the
design
maintains
a
cv
of
8
percent
on
the
annual
average
estimate
of
unemployment
level,
assuming
a
6
percent
unemployment
rate.
Further
information
on
unemployment
surveys
may
be
obtained
from:

Mary
Bowler
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
2
Massachusetts
Avenue
NE
Washington,
DC
20212
http://
ww.
bls.
gov/
eag/
eag.
us.
htm
526
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Consumer
Price
Indexes
The
Consumer
Price
Index
(
CPI)
represents
changes
in
prices
of
all
goods
and
services
purchased
for
consumption
by
urban
households.
Indexes
are
available
for
two
population
groups:
a
CPI
for
All
Urban
Consumers
(
CPI
 
U)
and
a
CPI
for
Urban
Wage
Earners
and
Clerical
Workers
(
CPI
 
W).
Price
Indexes
are
available
for
the
United
States,
the
four
Census
regions,
size
of
city,
cross­
classifications
of
regions
and
size­
classes,
and
for
26
local
areas.
The
major
uses
of
the
CPI
include
the
CPI
as
an
economic
indicator,
as
a
deflator
of
other
economic
series,
and
as
a
means
of
adjusting
income
payments
Further
information
on
consumer
price
indexes
may
be
obtained
from:

Consumer
Price
Indexes
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
2
Massachusetts
Avenue
NE
Washington,
DC
20212
http://
stats.
bls.
gov/
cpiovrvw.
htm
National
Institute
on
Drug
Abuse
The
National
Institute
on
Drug
Abuse
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
is
the
primary
supporter
of
the
long­
term
study
entitled
``
Monitoring
the
Future:
A
Continuing
Study
of
the
Lifestyles
and
Values
of
Youth,''
conducted
at
the
University
of
Michigan,
Institute
for
Social
Research.
One
component
of
the
study
deals
with
student
drug
abuse.
Results
of
a
national
sample
survey
have
been
published
annually
since
1975.
With
the
exception
of
1975,
when
about
9,400
students
participated
in
the
survey,
the
annual
senior
samples
are
comprised
of
roughly
16,000
students
in
133
schools.
They
complete
self­
administered
questionnaires
given
to
them
in
their
classrooms
by
University
of
Michigan
personnel.
Beginning
in
1991,
similar
surveys
of
nationally
representative
samples
of
8th­
and
10th­
grade
students
have
been
conducted
annually.
The
10th­
grade
samples
involve
about
17,000
students
in
140
schools
each
year,
while
the
8th­
grade
samples
have
approximately
18,000
students
in
150
schools.
In
all,
approximately
50,000
students
from
420
public
and
private
secondary
schools
are
surveyed
annually.
Over
the
years,
the
response
rate
has
varied
from
77
to
84
percent.
Table
A8
provides
examples
of
the
survey's
sampling
error.
Understandably,
there
will
be
some
reluctance
to
admit
illegal
activities.
Also,
students
who
were
out
of
school
on
the
day
of
the
survey
were
nonrespondents
The
survey
did
not
include
high
school
dropouts
The
inclusion
of
these
two
groups
would
tend
to
increase
the
proportion
of
individuals
who
had
used
drugs.
A
1983
study
found
that
the
inclusion
of
the
absentees
could
increase
some
of
the
drug
usage
estimates
by
as
much
as
2.7
percentage
points.
(
Details
on
that
study
and
its
methodology
were
published
in
Drug
Use
Among
American
High
School
Students,
College
Students,
and
Other
Young
Adults,
by
Lloyd
D.
Johnston,
Patrick
M.
O'Malley,
and
Jerald
G.
Bachman,
available
from
the
National
Clearinghouse
on
Drug
Abuse
Information,
5600
Fishers
Lane,
Rockville,
MD
20857.)
Further
information
Monitoring
the
Future
drug
abuse
survey
may
be
obtained
from:

National
Institute
of
Drug
Abuse
Division
of
Epidemiology
and
Statistical
Analysis
5600
Fishers
Lane
Rockville,
MD
20857
http://
www.
isr.
umich.
edu/
src/
mtf/
index.
html
National
Science
Foundation
Survey
of
Earned
Doctorates
Awarded
in
the
United
States
The
Survey
of
Earned
Doctorates
Awarded
in
the
United
States
has
collected
basic
statistics
from
the
universe
of
doctoral
recipients
in
the
United
States
each
year
since
1958.
It
has
been
supported
by
five
federal
agencies:
the
National
Science
Foundation,
in
conjunction
with
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education;
the
National
Endowment
for
the
Humanities;
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Agriculture;
and
the
National
Institutes
of
Health.
A
survey
form
is
distributed
with
the
assistance
of
graduate
deans,
to
each
person
completing
the
requirements
for
a
doctorate.
Of
the
41,140
new
research
doctorates
granted
in
1999,
the
response
rate
was
92
percent.
The
questionnaire
obtains
information
on
sex,
race/
ethnicity,
marital
status,
citizenship,
handicaps,
dependents,
specialty
field
of
doctorate,
educational
institutions
attended,
time
spent
in
completion
of
doctorate,
financial
support,
educational
debt,
postgraduation
plans,
and
educational
attainment
of
parents.
The
data
are
collected,
edited,
and
published
by
the
National
Academy
of
Sciences.
Further
information
on
the
Survey
of
Earned
Doctorates
Awarded
in
the
United
States
may
be
obtained
from:

Science
and
Engineering
Education
and
Human
Resources
Program
Division
of
Science
Resources
Studies
National
Science
Foundation
4201
Wilson
Boulevard
Arlington,
VA
22230
http://
www.
nsf.
gov/
sbe/
srs/
ssed/
start.
htm
527
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Federal
Obligations
to
Universities,
Colleges,
and
Nonprofit
Institutions
Each
year,
the
National
Science
Foundation
collects
data
on
obligations
to
colleges
and
universities
from
federal
agencies.
Obligations
differ
from
expenditures
in
that
funds
obligated
during
one
fiscal
year
may
be
spent
by
the
recipient
in
later
years.
Obligation
amounts
include
direct
federal
support,
so
that
amounts
subcontracted
to
other
institutions
are
included.
Those
funds
received
through
subcontracts
from
prime
contractors
are
excluded.
Also
excluded
from
the
data
are
certain
types
of
financial
assistance
such
as
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education's
Guaranteed
Student
Loan
Program
and
obligations
to
the
U.
S.
service
academies.
For
purposes
of
tabulations
in
this
publication,
university­
administered
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDCs)
have
been
included
in
appropriate
state
totals.
The
universe
of
academic
institutions
for
this
survey
is
based
on
the
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
(
see
above).
Institutions
without
federal
support
were
excluded
and
some
systems
were
combined
into
single
reporting
units.
Further
information
on
Federal
Support
to
Universities
Colleges,
and
Nonprofit
Institutions
may
be
obtained
from:

Science
and
Engineering
Activities
Program
Division
of
Science
Resources
Studies
National
Science
Foundation
4201
Wilson
Boulevard
Arlington,
VA
22230
http://
www.
nsf.
gov/
sbe/
srs/
fedsuppt/

Survey
of
Scientific
and
Engineering
Expenditures
at
Universities
and
Colleges
The
National
Science
Foundation's
annual
academic
survey
collects
data
on
research
and
development
expenditures
in
the
sciences
and
engineering
from
a
sample
of
573
institutions
in
the
United
States
and
outlying
areas.
Those
institutions
were
selected
from
the
universe
of
595
schools
that
grant
a
graduate
science
or
engineering
degree
and/
or
perform
activities
for
which
at
least
$
50,000
has
been
funded
from
separately
budgeted
R&
D
expenditures.
In
addition
the
survey
includes
19
university­
affiliated,
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDCs).
The
573
institutions
sampled
for
FY
1998
include
all
doctorate­
granting
institutions,
all
historically
black
colleges
and
universities
with
any
R&
D
expenditures,
and
a
random
sample
of
all
other
institutions.
The
response
rate
was
97
percent.
Data
presented
are
assembled
from
the
most
recently
completed
survey
and
represent
the
latest
totals
available.
Further
information
on
Academic
Science/
Engineering
R&
D
Funds
may
be
obtained
from:

Science
and
Engineering
Activities
Program
Division
of
Science
Resources
Studies
National
Science
Foundation
4201
Wilson
Boulevard
Arlington,
VA
22230
http://
www.
nsf.
gov/
sbe/
srs/
sseeuc/
start.
htm
Other
Organization
Sources
American
College
Testing
Program
The
American
College
Testing
(
ACT)
Assessment
is
designed
to
measure
educational
development
in
the
areas
of
English,
mathematics,
social
studies,
and
natural
sciences.
The
ACT
Assessment
is
taken
by
college­
bound
high
school
students
and
the
test
results
are
used
to
predict
how
well
students
might
perform
in
college.
Prior
to
the
1984
 
85
school
year,
national
norms
were
based
on
a
10
percent
sample
of
the
students
taking
the
test.
Since
then,
national
norms
are
based
on
the
test
scores
of
all
students
taking
the
test.
Moreover,
beginning
with
1984
 
85,
these
norms
have
been
based
on
the
most
recent
ACT
scores
available
from
students
scheduled
to
graduate
in
the
spring
of
the
year.
Duplicate
test
records
are
no
longer
used
to
produce
national
figures.
Separate
ACT
standard
scores
are
computed
for
English,
mathematics,
social
studies,
science
reasoning
and,
as
of
October
1989,
reading.
ACT
standard
scores
are
reported
for
each
subject
area
on
a
scale
from
1
to
36.
The
four
ACT
standard
scores
have
a
mean
(
average)
of
about
19
and
a
standard
deviation
of
about
6
for
college­
bound
students
nationally.
A
composite
score
is
obtained
by
taking
the
simple
average
of
the
four
standard
scores
and
is
an
indication
of
a
student's
overall
academic
development
across
these
subject
areas.
Beginning
with
the
October
1989
test
date,
a
new
version
of
the
ACT
was
introduced.
It
should
be
noted
that
college­
bound
students
who
take
the
ACT
Assessment
are
not
representative
of
college­
bound
students
nationally.
First,
students
who
live
in
the
Midwest,
Rocky
Mountains
and
Plains,
and
the
South
are
overrepresented
among
ACT­
tested
students
as
compared
with
collegebound
students
nationally.
Second,
ACT­
tested
students
tend
to
enroll
in
public
colleges
and
universities
more
frequently
than
do
college­
bound
students
nationally.
528
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Further
information
on
the
ACT
may
be
obtained
from:

The
American
College
Testing
Program
2201
North
Dodge
Street
P.
0.
Box
168
Iowa
City,
IA
52243
http://
www.
act.
org/
news/
data.
html
American
Federation
of
Teachers
The
American
Federation
of
Teachers
(
AFT)
has
reported
national
and
state
average
salaries
and
earnings
for
teachers,
other
school
employees,
government
workers,
and
professional
employees
over
the
past
25
years.
The
AFT's
survey
of
state
departments
of
education
obtains
information
on
minimum
salaries,
experienced
teachers
reentering
the
classroom
and
teacher
age
and
experience.
Most
data
from
the
survey
are
reported
as
received,
although
some
data
are
confirmed
by
telephone.
These
data
are
available
in
the
AFT's
annual
report
Survey
and
Analysis
of
Salary
Trends.
While
this
serves
as
the
primary
vehicle
for
reporting
the
results
of
the
AFT's
annual
survey
of
state
departments
of
education,
several
other
data
sources
are
also
used
in
the
report
Further
information
on
Survey
and
Analysis
of
Salary
Trends
may
be
obtained
from:

American
Federation
of
Teachers
555
New
Jersey
Avenue
NW
Washington,
DC
20001
http://
www.
aft.
org/
research/
survey/
index.
html
College
Entrance
Examination
Board
The
Admissions
Testing
Program
of
the
College
Board
comprises
a
number
of
college
admissions
tests,
including
the
Preliminary
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
PSAT)
and
the
Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
SAT).
High
school
students
participate
in
the
testing
program
as
sophomores,
juniors,
or
seniors
 
some
more
than
once
during
these
3
years.
If
they
have
taken
the
tests
more
than
once,
only
the
most
recent
scores
are
tabulated.
The
PSAT
and
SAT
report
subscores
in
the
areas
of
mathematics
and
verbal
ability.
The
SAT
results
are
not
representative
of
high
school
students
or
college­
bound
students
nationally
since
the
sample
is
self­
selected.
Generally,
tests
are
taken
by
students
who
need
the
results
to
attend
a
particular
college
or
university.
The
state
totals
are
greatly
affected
by
the
requirements
of
its
state
colleges
Public
colleges
in
a
number
of
states
require
ACT
scores
rather
than
SAT
scores.
Thus,
the
proportion
of
students
taking
the
SAT
in
these
states
is
very
low
and
is
inappropriate
for
any
comparison.
In
recent
years,
more
than
1
million
high
school
students
have
taken
the
examination
annually.
Further
information
on
the
SAT
can
be
obtained
from:

College
Entrance
Examination
Board
Educational
Testing
Service
Princeton,
NJ
08541
http://
www.
collegeboard.
org/

Graduate
Record
Examinations
Board
The
Graduate
Record
Examinations
(
GRE)
tests
are
taken
by
individuals
applying
to
graduate
or
professional
school.
GRE
offers
three
types
of
tests,
the
General
Test,
Subject
Tests
and
the
new
Writing
Assessment
The
General
Test,
which
is
mainly
offered
on
computer,
measures
verbal,
quantitative,
and
analytical
reasoning
skills.
These
skills
are
not
necessarily
related
to
any
particular
field
of
study.
In
contrast,
the
Subject
Tests
measure
achievement
in
14
subject
areas.
Subject
areas
include
Biochemistry
Cell
and
Molecular
Biology,
Biology,
Chemistry,
Computer
Science,
Economics,
Engineering
Geology,
History,
Literature
in
English,
Mathematics
Music,
Physics,
Psychology,
and
Sociology.
Finally,
the
Writing
Assessment,
introduced
in
October
1999,
consists
of
two
analytical
writing
tasks.
Each
graduate
institution
or
division
of
the
institution
determines
which
GRE
tests
are
required
for
admission
Individuals
may
take
GRE
tests
more
than
once.
Score
reports
only
reflect
scores
earned
within
the
past
5­
year
period.
Further
information
on
the
GRE
may
be
obtained
from:

Graduate
Record
Examinations
Board
Educational
Testing
Service
Princeton,
NJ
08541
http://
www.
gre.
org
Council
for
Aid
to
Education
The
Council
for
Aid
to
Education,
Inc.,
(
CFAE)
is
a
not­
for­
profit
corporation
funded
by
contributions
from
businesses.
CFAE
largely
provides
consulting
and
research
services
on
voluntary
support
to
corporations
and
information
services
to
education
institutions
Each
year
CFAE
conducts
a
survey
of
colleges
and
universities
and
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
to
obtain
information
on
the
amounts,
sources,
and
purposes
of
private
gifts,
grants,
and
bequests
received
during
the
academic
year.
In
the
1999
 
2000
study,
approximately
2,973
colleges
and
universities
were
invited
to
participate
and
1,040
responded.
The
response
rates
were
much
higher
for
the
4­
year
colleges
than
for
the
2­
year
col­
529
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
leges.
For
example,
79
percent
of
the
doctoral­
level
institutions,
but
only
7
percent
of
the
2­
year
colleges
responded.
CFAE
estimates
that
about
85
percent
of
all
voluntary
support
is
reported
in
the
survey
because
of
the
high
participation
of
institutions
receiving
large
amounts
of
funding.
Survey
forms
are
reviewed
by
CFAE
for
internal
consistency
before
preparing
a
computerized
database
Institutional
reports
of
voluntary
support
data
from
the
CFAE
Survey
of
Voluntary
Support
of
Education
are
more
comprehensive
and
detailed
than
the
related
data
in
the
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
System,
Finance
Survey
conducted
by
NCES.
The
results
from
the
Survey
of
Voluntary
Support
of
Education
are
published
in
the
annual
Voluntary
Support
of
Education,
which
may
be
purchased
from
CFAE.
Further
information
on
Voluntary
Support
of
Education
may
be
obtained
from:

Director
of
Research
Council
for
Aid
to
Education,
Inc.
51
Madison
Avenue
Suite
2200
New
York,
NY
10010
http://
www.
cae.
org/
VSE/
vseindex.
cfm
National
Catholic
Educational
Association
The
National
Catholic
Educational
Association
(
NCEA)
is
an
organization
devoted
to
providing
leadership
and
service
to
Catholic
education
since
1904.
NCEA
began
to
publish
The
United
States
Catholic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools:
Annual
Statistical
Report
on
Schools,
Enrollment
and
Staffing
in
1970
because
of
the
lack
of
educational
data
on
the
private
sector.
The
report
is
based
on
data
gathered
by
each
of
the
175
archdiocesan
and
diocesan
offices
of
education
in
the
United
States.
These
data
enable
NCEA
to
present
information
on
school
enrollment
and
staffing
patterns
for
grades
PK
 
12.
The
first
part
of
the
report
presents
data
concerning
the
context
of
American
education,
while
the
following
segment
focuses
on
statistical
data
of
Catholic
schools.
Statistics
include
enrollment
by
grade
level,
ethnicity,
and
religious
affiliation.
Further
information
on
The
United
States
Catholic
Elementary
and
Secondary
Schools:
Annual
Statistical
Report
on
Schools,
Enrollment,
and
Staffing
may
be
obtained
from:

Sister
Dale
McDonald
National
Catholic
Educational
Association
1077
30th
Street
NW,
Suite
100
Washington,
DC
20007
 
6232
Mcdonald@
ncea.
org
http://
www.
ncea.
org
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers
The
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers
(
CCSSO)
is
a
nonprofit
organization
of
the
57
public
officials
who
head
departments
of
public
education
in
every
state,
the
outlying
areas,
the
District
of
Columbia
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
Dependents
Schools.
In
1985,
the
CCSSO
founded
the
State
Education
Assessment
Center
to
provide
a
locus
of
leadership
by
the
states
to
improve
the
monitoring
and
assessment
of
education.
State
Education
Indicators
is
the
principal
report
of
the
Assessment
Center's
program
of
indicators
on
education.
Most
of
the
data
are
obtained
from
a
member
questionnaire,
and
the
remainder
of
the
data
are
from
federal
government
agencies.
Further
information
on
CCSSO
publications
may
be
obtained
from:

Rolf
Blank
State
Education
Assessment
Center
Council
of
Chief
State
School
Officers
One
Massachusetts
Avenue
NW
7th
Floor
Washington,
DC
20001
http://
www.
ccsso.
org/

Council
of
State
Directors
of
Programs
for
the
Gifted
The
Council
of
State
Directors
of
Programs
for
the
Gifted
is
composed
of
the
director
or
individual
in
the
leadership
position
for
gifted
education
in
each
of
the
50
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
and
the
outlying
areas.
The
Council
has
conducted
many
surveys
in
the
past
and
most
recently
conducted
two
comprehensive
state
surveys
in
order
to
produce
a
profile
of
gifted
education
throughout
the
nation.
These
data
are
reported
in
the
1985,
1987,
1990,
and
1994
State
of
the
States
Gifted
and
Talented
Education
reports
This
edition
of
the
Digest
uses
data
from
the
1995
 
96
school
year.
Further
information
on
State
of
the
States
Gifted
and
Talented
Education
reports
is
available
from:

Michael
Hall,
Executive
Director
Council
of
State
Directors
of
Programs
for
the
Gifted
c/
o
Office
of
Public
Instruction
P.
O
Box
202501
Helena,
MT
59620
 
2501
Education
Commission
of
the
States
The
Education
Commission
of
the
States
(
ECS)
Clearinghouse
collects
information
on
laws
and
standards
in
the
field
of
education
and
reports
them
periodically
in
Clearinghouse
Notes.
The
Commission
collects
information
about
administrators,
principals,
and
teachers.
It
also
examines
policy
areas,
such
as
assessment
and
testing,
collective
bargaining,
early
530
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
childhood
issues,
quality
education,
and
school
schedules.
The
information
is
collected
by
reading
state
newsletters,
tracking
state
legislation,
and
surveying
state
education
agencies.
Data
are
verified
by
the
individual
states
when
necessary.
Even
though
ECS
monitors
state
activity
on
a
continuous
basis,
it
updates
the
reports
only
when
there
is
significant
change
in
state
activity.
Further
information
on
Clearinghouse
Notes
is
available
from:

Kathy
Christie
Education
Commission
of
the
States
707
17th
Street,
Suite
2700
Denver,
CO
80202
 
3427
http://
www.
ecs.
org/
ecs/
ecsweb.
nsf
Gallup
Poll
Phi
Delta
Kappa
Survey
Each
year
the
Gallup
Poll
conducts
the
``
Public
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools''
survey,
funded
by
Phi
Delta
Kappa.
The
survey
includes
interviews
with
adults
representing
the
civilian
noninstitutional
population
18
years
old
and
over.
The
sample
used
in
the
33rd
annual
survey
was
made
up
of
a
total
of
1,108
respondents
and
is
described
as
a
modified
probability
sample
of
the
nation
Personal,
in­
home
interviewing
was
conducted
in
representative
communities.
Gallup
uses
an
unclustered,
directory­
assisted,
random­
digit
telephone
sample,
based
on
a
proportionate
stratified
sampling
design.
In
1999,
the
final
sample
was
weighted
so
that
the
distribution
corresponded
with
the
U.
S.
Census
Bureau's
Current
Population
Survey
(
CPS)
estimates
for
adult
population
living
in
telephone
households
in
the
continental
U.
S.
The
survey
is
a
sample
survey
and
is
subject
to
sampling
error.
The
size
of
error
depends
largely
on
the
number
of
respondents
providing
data.
Table
A9
shows
the
approximate
sampling
errors
associated
with
different
percentages
and
sample
sizes
for
the
survey.
Table
A10
provides
approximate
sampling
errors
for
comparisons
of
two
sample
percentages.
For
example,
an
estimated
percentage
of
about
10
percent
based
on
the
responses
of
1,000
sample
members
maintains
an
approximate
sampling
error
of
2
percent
at
the
95
percent
confidence
level.
The
sampling
error
for
the
difference
in
2
percentages
(
50
percent
versus
41
percent)
based
on
2
samples
of
750
members
and
400
members,
respectively,
is
about
8
percent
at
the
95
percent
confidence
level.
Further
information
on
the
``
Public
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools''
survey
may
be
obtained
from:

Pauline
Gough
Phi
Delta
Kappa
P.
O.
Box
789
Bloomington,
IN
47402
 
0789
http://
www.
pdkintl.
org/
kappan/
k0109gal.
htm
Independent
Sector
Survey
In
1988,
The
Independent
Sector
commissioned
the
Gallup
Poll
to
conduct
a
national
survey
on
the
giving
and
volunteering
behavior
of
Americans.
This
survey
is
part
of
a
series
of
surveys
taking
place
every
2
years.
The
1999
information
was
obtained
from
in­
home
personal
interviews
conducted
from
May
,
June,
and
July
1999,
with
a
representative
national
sample
of
2,553
adult
Americans
18
or
more
years
old.
Weighting
procedures
were
used
to
ensure
that
the
sample
makeup
corresponds
with
that
of
the
adult
population
of
the
United
States.
The
sampling
procedure
did
not
include
those
with
incomes
above
$
200,000
because
they
constitute
such
a
small
percentage
of
the
population.
The
sampling
area
for
this
survey
was
plus
or
minus
3
percent.
The
results
from
this
survey
are
published
in
Giving
and
Volunteering
in
the
United
States
and
may
be
purchased
from:

Independent
Sector
1828
L
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20036
http://
www.
inedependentsector.
org
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement
(
IEA)

The
International
Association
for
the
Evaluation
of
Educational
Achievement,
known
as
the
IEA,
is
comprised
of
research
centers
and
scholars
from
around
the
world
whose
aim
is
to
investigate
education
problems
common
among
countries.
In
1988,
the
IEA
General
Assembly,
composed
of
the
research
institutes
participating
in
IEA
projects,
decided
to
undertake
a
study
of
reading
literacy.
The
study
held
its
first
National
Research
Coordinator
(
NRC)
meeting
in
November
1988.
The
construction
and
pilot
testing
of
instruments
was
conducted
in
the
period
from
November
1988
to
July
1990.
The
main
testing
took
place
in
the
period
from
October
1990
to
April
1991
depending
on
the
school
year
in
each
country.
Thirtytwo
school
systems
were
involved
in
the
IEA
Reading
Literacy
Study.
Data
were
collected
from
210,059
531
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
students,
10,518
teachers,
and
9,073
schools.
All
students
took
reading
tests
for
2
sessions
totaling
75
minutes
at
the
9­
year­
old
level
and
2
sessions
totaling
85
minutes
at
the
14­
year­
old
population.
All
students
responded
to
a
background
questionnaire
about
their
reading
at
home
and
at
school.
Teachers
and
school
principals
responded
to
questionnaires
about
themselves,
their
teaching
and
the
school
organization
Each
national
center
(
NCES
was
the
center
for
the
United
States)
completed
a
National
Case
Study
Questionnaire.
Further
information
on
the
IEA
reading
literacy
study
may
be
obtained
from:

Marilyn
Binkley,
NRC
USA
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics
1990
K
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20006
http://
nces.
ed.
gov/
pubsearch/
pubsinfo.
asp?
pubid=
98053
Institute
of
International
Education
Each
year
the
Institute
of
International
Education
(
IIE)
conducts
a
survey
of
the
number
of
foreign
students
studying
in
American
colleges
and
universities
and
reports
these
data
in
Open
Doors.
All
of
the
regionally
accredited
institutions
in
the
Education
Directory
Colleges,
and
Universities
published
by
NCES
are
surveyed
by
IIE.
The
data
presented
in
the
Digest
are
drawn
from
the
IIE
survey
which
requests
the
total
enrollment
of
foreign
students
in
an
institution
and
information
on
student
characteristics,
such
as
country
of
origin.
For
the
1999
 
2000
survey,
2,696
(
over
92
percent)
institutions
reported
data
for
the
survey.
Additional
information
can
be
obtained
from
the
publication
Open
Doors
or
by
contacting:

Todd
M.
Davis
Institute
of
International
Education
809
United
Nations
Plaza
New
York,
NY
10017
 
3580
http://
www.
iie.
org/
opendoors/

National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers
The
National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers
(
NACUBO)
is
a
nonprofit
professional
organization
representing
chief
administrative
and
financial
officers
at
more
than
2,100
colleges
and
universities
across
the
country.
Over
two­
thirds
of
all
institutions
of
higher
learning
in
the
United
States
are
members
of
NACUBO.
Each
year
TIAA
 
CREF
Trust
Company,
the
premier
pension
system
for
educators
and
a
manager
of
college
endowments
through
its
subsidiary,
the
Trust
Company
conducts
an
in­
depth
study
of
college
and
university
endowments
for
NACUBO.
Endowment
asset
ranges
for
2000
NACUBO
Endowment
Study
participants
are
for
the
fiscal
year
ending
June
30,
2000.
Endowments
include
stocks,
bonds,
cash,
and
real
estate
that
colleges
and
universities
receive
as
gifts.
Colleges
or
universities
receiving
endowments
may
not
spend
the
endowment
principal,
only
investment
income
derived
from
the
principal.
Quasi­
endowments
 
year­
end
surplus
assets
that
institutions
choose
to
treat
as
permanent
capital
 
may
also
be
included
in
an
investment
pool's
endowment
composition
Also,
because
donors
frequently
stipulate
that
their
gifts
support
specific
programs
at
colleges
and
universities,
the
overall
size
of
the
endowment
can
be
misleading
in
terms
of
available
income
to
support
the
education
of
undergraduate
students.
For
example,
the
income
from
an
endowment
gift
to
a
medical
school
or
law
school
may
only
be
spent
on
those
schools.
In
such
cases,
the
income
would
not
be
available
to
support
undergraduate
education.
Thus,
at
some
research
universities
with
extensive
graduate
and
professional
schools,
as
little
as
onethird
of
the
institution's
endowment
may
actually
be
available
to
generate
income
to
support
undergraduate
programs
and
students.
Of
the
569
responding
higher
education
institutions
192
were
public
institutions
and
377
were
independent
colleges
and
universities.
The
survey
was
mailed
to
over
720
colleges
and
universities,
including
both
NACUBO
member
and
non­
member
institutions
Only
a
limited
number
of
not­
for­
profit
higher
education
institutions
in
the
United
States
have
endowments
Further
information
on
the
2000
NACUBO
Endowment
Study
may
be
obtained
from:

National
Association
of
College
and
University
Business
Officers
(
NACUBO)
2501
M
Street,
NW,
Suite
400
Washington,
DC
20037
http://
www.
nacubo.
org
National
Association
of
State
Student
Grant
and
Aid
Programs
The
National
Association
of
State
Student
Grant
and
Aid
Programs
(
NASSGAP)
is
an
association
of
states
with
general
programs
of
scholarship
or
grant
assistance
for
undergraduate
study.
Executive
officers
responsible
for
grant
program
administration
represent
each
state
in
the
Association.
The
30th
Annual
Survey
Report:
1998
 
99
Academic
Year
is
produced
by
the
New
York
State
Higher
Education
Services
Corporation,
and
data
are
reported
for
all
50
states,
the
District
of
Columbia,
and
Puerto
Rico.
532
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Further
information
on
the
30th
Annual
Survey
Report
1998
 
99
Academic
Year
may
be
obtained
from:

Charles
Treadwell
New
York
State
Higher
Education
Services
Corporation
99
Washington
Avenue,
Room
1438
Albany,
NY
12255
Attention:
NASSGAP
http://
www.
nassgap.
org/
researchsurveys
National
Education
Association
The
National
Education
Association
(
NEA)
reports
enrollment,
expenditure,
revenue,
graduate,
teacher,
and
instructional
staff
salary
data
in
its
annual
publication
Estimates
of
School
Statistics.
Each
year
NEA
prepares
regression­
based
estimates
of
financial
and
other
education
statistics
and
submits
them
to
the
states
for
verification.
Generally,
about
30
states
adjust
these
estimates
based
on
their
own
data.
These
preliminary
data
are
published
by
NEA
along
with
revised
data
from
previous
years.
States
are
asked
to
revise
previously
submitted
data
as
final
figures
become
available.
The
most
recent
publication
contains
all
changes
reported
to
the
NEA.

Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher
The
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher
survey
is
conducted
every
5
years
by
the
National
Education
Association
(
NEA).
The
survey
was
designed
by
the
NEA
Research
Division
and
initially
administered
in
1956.
The
intent
of
the
survey
is
to
solicit
information
covering
various
aspects
of
public
school
teachers'
professional,
family,
and
civic
lives.
Participants
for
the
survey
are
selected
using
a
two­
stage
sample
design,
with
the
first­
stage
stratum
determined
by
the
number
of
students
enrolled
in
the
districts.
Selection
probabilities
are
determined
so
that
the
resulting
sample
is
self­
weighting.
In
1990
 
91,
questionnaires
were
sent
to
a
sample
of
1,981
of
the
nation's
approximately
2.4
million
public
school
teachers.
With
an
initial
and
four
followup
mailings,
1,499
questionnaires
were
returned,
of
which
145
were
not
usable.
The
sample
was
adjusted
to
1,836
to
reflect
the
145
unusable
responses.
The
response
rate
was
73.7
percent.
In
the
1995
 
96
survey,
1,325
public
school
teachers
responded.
The
results
based
on
this
survey
have
a
margin
of
error
of
plus
or
minus
2.3
percent
at
the
90
percent
confidence
level.
Possible
sources
of
nonsampling
errors
are
nonresponses
misinterpretation,
and
 
when
comparing
data
over
years
 
changes
in
the
sampling
method
and
instrument.
Misinterpretation
of
the
survey
items
should
be
minimal,
as
the
sample
responding
is
not
from
the
general
population,
but
one
knowledgeable
about
the
area
of
concern.
Also,
the
sampling
procedure
changed
after
1956
and
some
wording
of
items
has
changed
over
the
different
administrations.
Since
sampling
is
used,
sampling
variability
is
inherent
in
the
data.
An
approximation
to
the
maximum
standard
error
for
estimating
the
population
percentages
is
1.4
percent.
Approximations
for
significance
for
other
comparisons
appear
on
table
A11.
To
estimate
the
95
percent
confidence
interval
for
population
percentages,
the
maximum
standard
error
of
1.4
percent
is
multiplied
by
2
(
1.4
x
2).
The
resulting
percentage
(
2.8)
is
added
and
subtracted
from
the
population
estimate
to
establish
upper
and
lower
bounds
for
the
confidence
interval.
For
example,
if
a
sample
percentage
is
60
percent,
there
is
a
95
percent
chance
that
the
population
percentage
lies
between
57.2
percent
and
62.8
percent
(
60
percent
±
2.8
percent).
Further
information
on
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher
may
be
obtained
from:

Brooke
E.
Whiting
National
Education
Association
 
Research
1201
16th
Street
NW
Washington,
DC
20036
http://
www.
nea.
org/
nr/
nr970702.
html
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
The
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
(
OECD)
publishes
analyses
of
national
policies
in
education,
training,
and
economics
in
about
30
countries.
The
countries
surveyed
are:
Australia
Austria,
Belgium,
Canada,
Czech
Republic,
Denmark,
Finland,
France,
Germany,
Greece,
Hungary
Iceland,
Ireland,
Italy,
Japan,
Korea,
Luxembourg
Mexico,
Netherlands,
New
Zealand,
Norway,
Poland,
Portugal,
Spain,
Sweden,
Switzerland,
Turkey
United
Kingdom,
and
the
United
States.
In
addition
to
these
OECD
countries,
a
number
of
other
countries
are
participating
in
the
related
World
Education
Indicators
(
WEI)
project
including:
Argentina,
Brazil,
Chile,
China,
Indonesia,
Jordan,
Malaysia,
Paraguay,
Philippines,
Russian
Federation,
Thailand,
and
Uruguay.
In
the
past
several
years,
OECD
has
revised
its
data
collection
procedures
to
highlight
current
education
issues
and
improve
data
comparability.
The
Centre
for
Educational
Research
and
Innovation
(
CERI)
has
developed
an
Indicators
of
Education
Systems
(
INES)
project
involving
representatives
of
the
OECD
countries
and
the
OECD
Secretariat
to
improve
international
education
statistics.
Large
improvements
in
data
quality
and
comparability
among
OECD
countries
have
resulted
from
the
country
to
country
interaction
sponsored
through
the
INES
and
WEI
projects.
The
most
recent
publication
in
this
se­
533
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
ries
is
Education
at
a
Glance,
OECD
Indicators,
2001.
Further
information
on
INES
may
be
obtained
from:

Andreas
Schleicher
INES/
OECD
2,
rue
Andre­
Pascal
75775
Paris
CEDEX
16
France
Andreas.
SCHLEICHER@
oecd.
org
http://
www.
oecd.
org/

Research
Associates
Research
Associates
annually
compiles
the
Higher
Education
Price
Index
(
HEPI)
which
measures
average
changes
in
prices
of
goods
and
services
purchased
by
colleges
and
universities
through
educational
and
general
expenditures.
Sponsored
research
and
auxiliary
enterprises
are
not
priced
by
HEPI.
HEPI
is
based
on
the
prices
(
or
salaries)
of
faculty
and
of
administrators
and
other
professional
service
personnel;
clerical,
technical,
service,
and
other
nonprofessional
personnel;
and
contracted
services,
such
as
data
processing,
communication,
transportation
supplies
and
materials,
equipment,
books
and
periodicals,
and
utilities.
These
represent
the
items
purchased
for
current
operations
by
colleges
and
universities
Prices
for
these
items
are
obtained
from
salary
surveys
conducted
by
various
national
higher
education
associations,
the
American
Association
of
University
Professors,
the
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics,
and
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics;
and
from
components
of
the
Consumer
Price
Index
(
CPI)
and
the
Producer
Price
Index
(
PPI)
published
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Labor,
Bureau
of
Labor
Statistics
The
quantities
of
these
goods
and
services
have
been
kept
constant
based
on
the
1971
 
72
buying
pattern
of
colleges
and
universities.
The
weights
assigned
the
various
items
priced,
which
represent
their
relative
importance
in
the
current­
fund
educational
and
general
budget,
are
estimated
national
averages.
Variance
in
spending
patterns
of
individual
institutions
from
these
national
averages
reduces
only
slightly
the
applicability
of
the
HEPI
to
any
given
institutional
situation.
Modest
differences
in
the
weights
attached
to
expenditure
categories
have
little
effect
on
overall
index
values.
This
is
because
the
HEPI
is
dominated
by
the
trend
in
faculty
salaries
and
similar
salary
trends
for
other
personnel
hired
by
institutions,
which
absorbs
or
diminishes
the
effects
of
price
changes
in
other
items
purchased
in
small
quantities.
Further
information
on
HEPI
may
be
obtained
from:

Kent
Halstead
Research
Associates
1200
North
Nash
Street,
#
225
Arlington,
VA
22209
http://
www.
rschassoc.
com/
inflation.
html
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization
The
United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific,
and
Cultural
Organization
(
UNESCO)
conducts
annual
surveys
of
education
statistics
of
its
member
countries
Besides
official
surveys,
data
are
supplemented
by
information
obtained
by
UNESCO
through
other
publications
and
sources.
Each
year
more
than
200
countries
reply
to
the
UNESCO
surveys.
In
some
cases,
estimates
are
made
by
UNESCO
for
particular
items
such
as
world
and
continent
totals.
While
great
efforts
are
made
to
make
them
as
comparable
as
possible,
the
data
still
reflect
the
vast
differences
among
the
countries
of
the
world
in
the
structure
of
education.
While
there
is
some
agreement
about
the
reporting
of
first­
and
second­
level
data,
the
third­
level
data
(
postsecondary
education)
presents
numerous
substantial
problems.
Some
countries
report
only
university
enrollment
while
other
countries
report
all
postsecondary,
including
vocational
and
technical
schools
and
correspondence
programs
A
very
high
proportion
of
some
countries'
third­
level
students
attend
institutions
in
other
countries
While
definition
problems
are
many
in
this
sort
of
study,
other
survey
problems
should
not
be
overlooked
The
member
countries
that
provide
data
to
UNESCO
are
responsible
for
their
validity.
Thus,
data
for
particular
countries
are
subject
to
nonsampling
error
and
perhaps
sampling
error
as
well.
Some
countries
may
furnish
only
rough
estimates,
while
data
from
other
countries
may
be
very
accurate.
Other
difficulties
are
caused
by
the
varying
periodicity
of
data
collection
among
the
countries
of
the
world.
In
spite
of
such
problems,
many
researchers
use
UNESCO
data
because
they
are
the
best
available
for
such
a
large
group
of
countries.
Users
should
examine
footnotes
carefully
to
recognize
some
of
the
data
limitations.
Further
information
on
the
Statistical
Yearbook
may
be
obtained
from:

UNESCO
Institute
for
Statistics
C.
P.
6128
Succursale,
Centre­
ville
Montreal,
Quebec,
H3C
3J7
Canada
http://
unescostat.
unesco.
org
534
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Table
A1.
 
Respondent
counts
for
selected
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys
Classification
variable
and
subgroup
followup
survey
of
1980
sophomores
in
1982
followup
survey
of
1980
seniors
in
1982
followup
survey
of
1980
sophomores
in
1984
followup
survey
of
1980
seniors
in
1984
followup
survey
of
1980
sophomores
in
1986
followup
survey
of
1980
seniors
in
1986
Total
respondents
(
unweighted)
......................
25,830
11,227
11,463
10,925
11,248
10,536
Sex
Male
.........................................................................
12,717
5,213
5,514
5,058
5,391
4,832
Female
.....................................................................
13,113
6,014
5,949
5,867
5,857
5,704
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................
17,295
5,180
7,285
5,057
7,194
5,246
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................
3,338
2,724
1,651
2,625
1,585
2,726
Hispanic
...................................................................
4,439
2,749
1,795
2,654
1,745
1,950
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
..........................................
413
367
425
355
413
356
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.........................
248
191
253
185
246
200
Other
or
unclassified
................................................
97
16
54
49
65
58
Socioeconomic
status
composite
(
SES)
1
Low
..........................................................................
6,752
3,940
2,831
3,857
2,751
3,668
Low­
middle
...............................................................
6,234
2,390
2,624
2,314
2,559
2,289
High­
middle
..............................................................
6,134
2,168
2,849
2,107
2,817
1,995
High
..........................................................................
6,341
1,988
3,086
1,936
3,044
1,900
Unclassified
..............................................................
369
741
73
711
77
684
Father's
highest
level
of
education
Less
than
high
school
..............................................
5,179
 
 
 
 
 
High
school
graduate
2
............................................
11,961
 
 
 
 
 
College
graduate
3
...................................................
5,169
 
 
 
 
 
Don't
know/
missing
..................................................
3,521
 
 
 
 
 
High
school
program
(
self­
reported)
Academic
.................................................................
10,152
4,145
6,547
4,007
 
3,899
General
....................................................................
8,789
3,829
3,468
3,764
 
3,602
Vocational
................................................................
6,664
2,660
3,611
2,581
 
2,481
Unclassified
..............................................................
225
593
56
573
 
554
High
school
type
Public
.......................................................................
 
9,969
8,647
9,727
 
9,385
Catholic
....................................................................
 
964
2,479
911
 
876
Other
private
............................................................
 
294
337
287
 
275
Postsecondary
education
status
4
Full­
time
...................................................................
 
 
4,466
 
 
 
Part­
time
..................................................................
 
 
3,275
 
 
 
Never
enrolled
.........................................................
 
 
3,678
 
 
 
Missing/
unclassified
.................................................
 
 
44
 
 
 
October
1980
postsecondary
education
attendance
status
Part­
time
2­
year
public
institution
............................
 
 
 
 
 
352
Part­
time
4­
year
public
institution
............................
 
 
 
 
 
152
Full­
time
2­
year
public
institution
.............................
 
 
 
 
 
1,312
Full­
time
4­
year
public
institution
.............................
 
 
 
 
 
1,986
Full­
time
4­
year
private
institution
...........................
 
 
 
 
 
1,015
Not
a
student
...........................................................
 
 
 
 
 
4,523
Other
and
missing
...................................................
 
 
 
 
 
1,196
Postsecondary
education
plans
No
plans
...................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
1,623
Attend
vocational/
technical
school
..........................
 
 
 
 
 
1,835
Attend
college
less
than
four
years
.........................
 
 
 
 
 
1,528
Earn
bachelor's
degree
...........................................
 
 
 
 
 
2,631
Earn
advanced
degree
............................................
 
 
 
 
 
2,265
Missing
.....................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
654
Participation
in
high
school
extracurricular
activities
5
Never
participated
....................................................
 
 
 
 
 
1,024
Participated
as
a
member
.......................................
 
 
 
 
 
4,104
Participated
as
a
leader
...........................................
 
 
 
 
 
4,457
 
Not
available.
1
The
SES
index
is
a
composite
of
five
equally
weighted
measures:
father's
education,
mother's
education,
family
income,
father's
occupation,
and
presence
of
certain
items
in
the
respondent's
household.
2
Includes
attendance
at
a
vocational,
trade,
or
business
school,
or
2­
year
college;
or
attendance
at
a
4­
year
college
resulting
in
less
than
a
bachelor's
degree.
3
Includes
those
with
a
bachelor's
or
higher
level
degree.
4
Postsecondary
education
status
was
determined
by
students'
enrollment
in
academic
or
vocational
study
during
the
four
semesters
 
fall
1982,
spring
1983,
fall
1983,
and
spring
1984
 
following
their
scheduled
high
school
graduation.
Students
who
enrolled
in
full­
time
study
in
each
of
the
four
semesters
were
classified
as
full
time.
Students
who
were
enrolled
in
part­
time
study
in
any
of
the
four
semesters
and
those
who
were
enrolled
in
full­
time
study
in
fewer
than
four
semesters
were
classified
as
part
time.
Students
who
had
neither
enrolled
on
a
full­
time
nor
part­
time
basis
in
each
of
the
four
semesters
were
classified
as
never
enrolled.

5
Responses
to
questions
concerning
participation
in
each
of
15
different
extracurricular
activity
areas
(
i.
e.,
varsity
sports,
debate,
band,
subject­
matter
clubs,
etc.)
were
used
to
classify
students'
overall
level
of
participation
in
extracurricular
activities.
The
difference
between
the
sum
of
the
three
category
respondent
counts
and
the
total
sample
size
is
due
to
missing
data.

NOTE:
Data
from
students
who
dropped
out
of
school
between
the
10th
and
12th
grades
were
not
used
in
analyses
of
sophomore
samples.

SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys.
535
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Table
A2.
 
Design
effects
(
DEFF)
and
root
design
effects
(
DEFT)
for
selected
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys
and
subsamples
Classification
variable
and
subgroup
followup
survey
of
1980
sophomores
in
1984
followup
survey
of
1980
seniors
in
1984
followup
survey
of
1980
sophomores
in
1986
followup
survey
of
1980
seniors
in
1986
Total
sample
...................................................................................................................
2.40
(
1.54)
2.87
(
1.69)
2.19
(
1.47)
2.28
(
1.50)

Sex
Male
.................................................................................................................................
 
 
2.07
(
1.43)
2.13
(
1.45)
Female
.............................................................................................................................
 
 
2.06
(
1.43)
2.26
(
1.50)

Race/
ethnicity
White
and
other
...............................................................................................................
2.06
(
1.42)
2.09
(
1.44)
1.92
(
1.38)
1.70
(
1.30)
Black
................................................................................................................................
2.22
(
1.47)
2.26
(
1.50)
2.19
(
1.47)
2.40
(
1.54)
Hispanic
...........................................................................................................................
3.15
(
1.73)
3.72
(
1.92)
3.11
(
1.76)
4.06
(
2.01)

Socioeconomic
status
composite
(
SES)
1
Low
..................................................................................................................................
1.91
(
1.37)
2.28
(
1.50)
1.83
(
1.35)
2.31
(
1.51)
Middle
..............................................................................................................................
1.95
(
1.39)
1.81
(
1.34)
2.06
(
1.42)
2.02
(
1.42)
High
..................................................................................................................................
2.05
(
1.42)
1.93
(
1.38)
1.92
(
1.38)
1.71
(
1.30)

 
Not
available.
1
The
SES
index
is
a
composite
of
five
equally
weighted
measures:
father's
education,
mother's
education,
family
income,
father's
occupation,
and
presence
of
certain
items
in
the
respondent's
household.

NOTE:
The
average
design
effect
for
the
1980
sophomore
cohort
first
followup
(
1982)
survey
is
3.59(
1.89)
and
the
average
design
effect
for
the
1980
senior
first
followup
(
1982)
survey
is
2.64(
1.62).
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
High
School
and
Beyond
surveys.

Table
A3.
 
Respondent
counts
for
the
National
Education
Longitudinal
Study:
1988,
1990,
and
1992
Classification
variable
and
subgroup
Base
Year,
1988
First
followup,
1990
Second
followup,
1992
Total
respondents
(
unweighted)
....................................................
24,599
20,706
21,188
Sex
Male
.........................................................................................................
12,241
10,462
10,713
Female
.....................................................................................................
12,358
10,244
10,475
Race/
ethnicity
White,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................................................
16,317
13,837
14,024
Black,
non­
Hispanic
.................................................................................
3,009
2,218
2,260
Hispanic
...................................................................................................
3,171
2,751
2,922
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
..........................................................................
1,527
1,302
1,406
American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
.........................................................
299
259
266
Other
or
unclassified
................................................................................
276
399
310
Socioeconomic
status
composite
(
SES)
1
Low
...........................................................................................................
5,934
4,556
4,395
Low­
middle
...............................................................................................
5,788
4,472
4,501
High­
middle
..............................................................................................
5,836
4,378
4,516
High
..........................................................................................................
7,030
5,262
5,437
Unclassified
..............................................................................................
11
2,038
2,339
High
school
program
(
self­
reported)
Academic
.................................................................................................
7,298
6,420
7,567
General
....................................................................................................
3,369
7,990
6,125
Vocational
................................................................................................
4,161
1,806
1,911
Unclassified
..............................................................................................
9,771
4,490
5,585
High
school
type
Public
.......................................................................................................
19,396
16,813
15,145
Catholic
....................................................................................................
2,602
1,012
934
Other
private
............................................................................................
2,601
1,602
1,530
Not
enrolled
..............................................................................................
(
2)
1,043
2,725
Missing
.....................................................................................................
(
2)
236
854
Postsecondary
education
plans
No
plans
...................................................................................................
2,685
2,483
2,646
Attend
vocational/
technical
school
...........................................................
2,102
2,323
2,072
Attend
college
less
than
4
years
.............................................................
3,078
3,074
2,457
Earn
bachelor's
degree
............................................................................
10,251
5,874
5,631
Earn
advanced
degree
.............................................................................
6,268
5,269
5,580
Missing
.....................................................................................................
215
1,683
2,802
School
academic
clubs
and
extracurricular
activities
Never
participated
....................................................................................
21,516
15,292
17,117
Participated
as
a
member
........................................................................
2,798
5,144
3,355
Participated
as
a
leader
...........................................................................
285
270
716
1
The
SES
index
is
a
composite
of
five
equally
weighted
measures:
father's
education,
mother's
education,
family
income,
father's
occupation,
and
presence
of
certain
items
in
the
respondent's
household.

2
Not
applicable.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Education
Longitudinal
Survey.
536
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Table
A4.
 
Design
effects
(
DEFF)
and
root
design
effects
(
DEFT)
for
selected
National
Education
Longitudinal
Survey
samples
Subsample
characteristic
Base
year,
1988
First
followup,
1990
Second
followup,
1992
Mean
DEFF
Mean
DEFT
Mean
DEFF
Mean
DEFT
Mean
DEFF
Mean
DEFT
All
students
....................................................................................
2.54
1.56
3.802
1.912
3.668
1.881
Dropouts
.................................................................................
 
 
4.705
1.997
2.919
1.686
Sex
Male
...............................................................................................
1.98
1.39
3.456
1.817
3.094
1.729
Female
...........................................................................................
1.93
1.38
3.324
1.783
3.238
1.785
Race/
ethnicity
White
and
other
.............................................................................
2.25
1.48
3.101
1.729
3.084
1.737
Black
..............................................................................................
1.65
1.27
3.804
1.867
2.938
1.654
Hispanic
.........................................................................................
2.06
1.41
2.643
1.591
2.772
1.626
Asian/
Pacific
Islander
.....................................................................
2.00
1.40
2.758
1.609
2.511
1.562
American
Indian/
Alaskan
Native
....................................................
 
 
2.066
1.362
3.292
1.687
Socioeconomic
status
composite
(
SES)
1
Low
.................................................................................................
1.58
1.25
2.797
1.644
2.931
1.680
Middle
.............................................................................................
1.66
1.28
3.138
1.732
2.516
1.569
High
................................................................................................
1.84
1.34
3.576
1.817
3.849
1.921
High
school
type
Public
.............................................................................................
2.27
1.48
3.147
1.736
3.116
1.733
Catholic
..........................................................................................
2.70
1.59
2.619
1.513
2.545
1.564
Other
private
..................................................................................
8.80
1.83
6.529
2.391
6.049
2.334
Community
type
Urban
.............................................................................................
 
 
3.463
1.842
3.742
1.897
Suburban
........................................................................................
 
 
3.412
1.788
2.998
1.705
Rural
...............................................................................................
 
 
2.634
1.571
3.311
1.687
 
Not
available.
1
The
SES
index
is
a
composite
of
five
equally
weighted
measures:
father's
education,
mother's
education,
family
income,
father's
occupation,
and
presence
of
certain
items
in
the
respondent's
household.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
National
Education
Longitudinal
Survey.

Table
A5.
 
Respondent
counts
of
full­
time
workers
from
the
Recent
College
Graduates
survey:
1976
to
1991
Field
of
study
Number
employed
full
time
1974
 
75
graduates
in
May
1976
1979
 
80
graduates
in
May
1981
1983
 
84
graduates
in
April
1985
1985
 
86
graduates
in
April
1987
1989
 
90
graduates
in
April
1991
Total
respondents
(
unweighted)
................................................
2,464
5,521
6,799
15,024
9,451
Professions
.............................................................................................
1,840
4,260
3,730
8,987
3,825
Arts
and
sciences
...................................................................................
514
811
2,586
4,869
2,256
Other
......................................................................................................
110
450
483
1,168
3,370
Newly
qualified
to
teach
.....................................................................
1,337
2,469
1,109
2,546
1,966
Not
newly
qualified
to
teach
...............................................................
1,127
3,052
5,690
12,478
7,485
Professions
.............................................................................................
601
1,841
2,809
7,043
2,549
Engineering
.........................................................................................
80
270
601
915
411
Business
and
management
................................................................
290
749
1,532
2,407
1,598
Health
.................................................................................................
72
252
387
3,106
281
Education
1
..........................................................................................
141
464
146
521
188
Public
affairs
and
services
.................................................................
18
106
143
94
71
Arts
and
sciences
...................................................................................
433
770
2,430
4,369
2,006
Biological
sciences
.............................................................................
83
116
243
380
179
Physical
sciences
and
mathematics
..................................................
40
103
1,062
1,782
466
Psychology
.........................................................................................
64
105
189
366
316
Social
sciences
...................................................................................
107
252
449
780
813
Humanities
..........................................................................................
139
194
487
1,061
232
Other
......................................................................................................
93
441
451
1,066
2,930
Communications
.................................................................................
7
73
240
392
217
Miscellaneous
.....................................................................................
86
368
211
674
2,713
1
Includes
those
who
had
not
finished
all
requirements
for
teaching
certification
or
were
previously
qualified
to
teach.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
Recent
College
Graduates
surveys.
537
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Table
A6.
 
Estimated
standard
errors
for
enrollment
rates
in
the
October
Current
Population
Survey:
1996
or
1997
Base
of
percentage,
in
thousands
Estimated
percentage
2
or
98
5
or
95
10
or
90
25
or
75
50
Total
or
white
persons
100
......................................................................
2.2
3.4
4.6
6.7
7.7
250
......................................................................
1.4
2.1
2.9
4.2
4.9
500
......................................................................
1.0
1.5
2.1
3.0
3.4
1,000
...................................................................
0.7
1.1
1.5
2.1
2.4
2,500
...................................................................
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.3
1.5
5,000
...................................................................
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
10,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.8
25,000
.................................................................
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
50,000
.................................................................
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
100,000
...............................................................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
150,000
...............................................................
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Black
persons
75
........................................................................
2.6
4.1
5.7
8.2
9.5
100
......................................................................
2.3
3.6
4.9
7.1
8.2
250
......................................................................
1.4
2.3
3.1
4.5
5.2
500
......................................................................
1.0
1.6
2.2
3.2
3.7
1,000
...................................................................
0.7
1.1
1.6
2.2
2.6
2,500
...................................................................
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.4
1.6
5,000
...................................................................
0.3
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.2
10,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.8
15,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
20,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.6
Hispanic
persons
75
........................................................................
2.8
4.4
6.1
8.7
10.1
100
......................................................................
2.4
3.8
5.2
7.6
8.7
250
......................................................................
1.5
2.4
3.3
4.8
5.5
500
......................................................................
1.1
1.7
2.3
3.4
3.9
1,000
...................................................................
0.8
1.2
1.7
2.4
2.8
2,500
...................................................................
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.5
1.7
5,000
...................................................................
0.3
0.5
0.7
1.1
1.2
10,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.9
15,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
20,000
.................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce
Bureau
of
the
Census,
School
Enrollment:
Social
and
Economic
Characteristics
of
Students.

Table
A7.
 
Estimated
educational
attainment
rates
and
standard
errors
in
the
March
Current
Population
Survey
Estimate
Base
of
percentage
in
thousands
Standard
error
90
percent
confidence
interval
1
95
percent
confidence
interval
1
Lower
bound
Upper
bound
Lower
bound
Upper
bound
2
or
98
............................
100
2.15
0.0
5.5
0.0
6.2
100,000
0.07
1.9
2.1
1.9
2.1
10
or
90
..........................
100
4.61
2.4
17.6
1.0
19.0
100,000
0.15
9.8
10.2
9.7
10.3
50
....................................
100
7.68
37.3
62.7
34.9
65.1
100,000
0.24
49.6
50.4
49.5
50.5
1
The
confidence
interval
for
the
larger
values
can
be
found
by
taking
the
complement
of
that
shown,
e.
g.,
for
98
it
would
be
93.8
to
100
for
95
percent
confidence.
SOURCE:
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
Bureau
of
the
Census,
Educational
Attainment
in
the
United
States.

Table
A8.
 
Standard
errors
for
the
proportion
of
seniors
who
had
used
drugs
in
the
previous
12
months:
1975
to
1997
Drug
1975
1980
1985
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Alcohol
............................................................................................
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
Marijuana/
hashish
...........................................................................
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Any
illicit
drug
other
than
marijuana
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
LSD
.............................................................................................
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Cocaine
.......................................................................................
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
SOURCE:
University
of
Michigan,
Survey
Research
Center,
Institute
for
Social
Research
Monitoring
the
Future
Study.
538
GUIDE
TO
SOURCES
Table
A9.
 
Sampling
errors
(
95
percent
confidence
level)
for
percentages
estimated
from
the
Gallup
Poll:
1992
and
1993
Percent
Size
of
sample
1,500
1,000
750
600
400
200
100
Recommended
allowance
for
sampling
error
of
a
percentage
Percentages
near
10
or
90
..................................................................
2
2
3
3
4
5
8
Percentages
near
20
or
80
..................................................................
3
3
4
4
5
7
10
Percentages
near
30
or
70
..................................................................
3
4
4
5
6
8
12
Percentages
near
40
or
60
..................................................................
3
4
5
5
6
9
12
Percentages
near
50
............................................................................
3
4
5
5
6
9
13
SOURCE:
Phi
Delta
Kappan,
``
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools.''

Table
A10.
 
Sampling
errors
(
95
percent
confidence
level)
for
the
difference
in
2
percentages
estimated
from
the
Gallup
Poll:
1992
and
1993
Size
of
sample
Size
of
sample
1,500
1,000
750
600
400
200
Recommended
allowance
for
sampling
error
of
a
difference
in
percentages
(
percentages
near
80
or
20)

1,500
...........................................................
4
1,000
...........................................................
4
5
750
..............................................................
5
5
5
600
..............................................................
5
5
6
6
400
..............................................................
6
6
6
7
7
200
..............................................................
8
8
8
8
9
10
Recommended
allowance
for
sampling
error
of
a
difference
in
percentages
(
percentages
near
50)

1,500
...........................................................
5
1,000
...........................................................
5
6
750
..............................................................
6
6
7
600
..............................................................
6
7
7
7
400
..............................................................
7
8
8
8
9
200
..............................................................
10
10
10
10
11
13
SOURCE:
Phi
Delta
Kappan,
``
The
Annual
Gallup
Poll
of
the
Public's
Attitudes
Toward
the
Public
Schools.''

Table
A11.
 
Maximum
differences
required
for
significance
(
90
percent
confidence
level)
between
sample
subgroups
from
the
``
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher''
survey
Size
of
one
subgroup
Size
of
other
subgroup
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
100
..........................................
11.6
10.1
9.5
9.2
9.0
8.9
8.8
200
..........................................
10.1
8.2
7.5
7.1
6.9
6.7
6.6
300
..........................................
9.5
7.5
6.7
6.3
6.0
5.8
5.7
400
..........................................
9.2
7.1
6.3
5.8
5.5
5.3
5.2
500
..........................................
9.0
6.9
6.0
5.5
5.2
5.0
4.8
600
..........................................
8.9
6.7
5.8
5.3
5.0
4.7
4.6
700
..........................................
8.8
6.6
5.7
5.2
4.8
4.6
4.4
SOURCE:
National
Education
Association,
``
Status
of
the
American
Public
School
Teacher.''
(
Copyright
by
the
National
Education
Association.
All
rights
reserved.)
539
Definitions
Academic
support
This
category
of
college
expenditures
includes
expenditures
for
support
services
that
are
an
integral
part
of
the
institution's
primary
missions
of
instruction,
research,
or
public
service.
Includes
expenditures
for
libraries,
galleries,
audio/
visual
services,
academic
computing
support,
ancillary
support,
academic
administration,
personnel
development
and
course
and
curriculum
development.

Achievement
test
An
examination
that
measures
the
extent
to
which
a
person
has
acquired
certain
information
or
mastered
certain
skills,
usually
as
a
result
of
specific
instruction.

Administrative
support
staff
Includes
personnel
dealing
with
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
the
office
of
the
principal,
full­
time
department
chairpersons,
and
graduation
expenses.

Agriculture
Courses
designed
to
improve
competencies
in
agricultural
occupations.
Included
is
the
study
of
agricultural
production,
supplies,
mechanization
and
products,
agricultural
science,
forestry,
and
related
services.

American
College
Testing
Program
(
ACT)
The
ACT
assessment
program
measures
educational
development
and
readiness
to
pursue
college­
level
coursework
in
English,
mathematics,
natural
science,
and
social
studies.
Student
performance
on
the
tests
does
not
reflect
innate
ability
and
is
influenced
by
a
student's
educational
preparedness.

Appropriation
(
federal
funds)
Budget
authority
provided
through
the
congressional
appropriation
process
that
permits
federal
agencies
to
incur
obligations
and
to
make
payments.

Appropriation
(
institutional
revenues)
An
amount
(
other
than
a
grant
or
contract)
received
from
or
made
available
to
an
institution
through
an
act
of
a
legislative
body.

Associate
degree
A
degree
granted
for
the
successful
completion
of
a
sub­
baccalaureate
program
of
studies,
usually
requiring
at
least
2
years
(
or
equivalent)
of
full­
time
college­
level
study.
This
includes
degrees
granted
in
a
cooperative
or
workstudy
program.

Auxiliary
enterprises
This
category
includes
those
essentially
self­
supporting
operations
which
exist
to
furnish
a
service
to
students,
faculty,
or
staff,
and
which
charge
a
fee
that
is
directly
related
to,
although
not
necessarily
equal
to,
the
cost
of
the
service
Examples
are
residence
halls,
food
services,
college
stores,
and
intercollegiate
athletics.

Average
daily
attendance
(
ADA)
The
aggregate
attendance
of
a
school
during
a
reporting
period
(
normally
a
school
year)
divided
by
the
number
of
days
school
is
in
session
during
this
period.
Only
days
on
which
the
pupils
are
under
the
guidance
and
direction
of
teachers
should
be
considered
days
in
session.

Average
daily
membership
(
ADM)
The
aggregate
membership
of
a
school
during
a
reporting
period
(
normally
a
school
year)
divided
by
the
number
of
days
school
is
in
session
during
this
period.
Only
days
on
which
the
pupils
are
under
the
guidance
and
direction
of
teachers
should
be
considered
as
days
in
session.
The
average
daily
membership
for
groups
of
schools
having
varying
lengths
of
terms
is
the
average
of
the
average
daily
memberships
obtained
for
the
individual
schools.

Bachelor's
degree
A
degree
granted
for
the
successful
completion
of
a
baccalaureate
program
of
studies,
usually
requiring
at
least
4
years
(
or
equivalent
of
full­
time
college­
level
study.
This
includes
degrees
granted
in
a
cooperative
or
work­
study
program

Books
Non­
periodical
printed
publications
bound
in
hard
or
soft
covers,
or
in
loose­
leaf
format,
of
at
least
49
pages,
exclusive
of
the
cover
pages;
juvenile
nonperiodical
publications
of
any
length
found
in
hard
or
soft
covers.

Budget
authority
(
BA)
Authority
provided
by
law
to
enter
into
obligations
that
will
result
in
immediate
or
future
outlays.
It
may
be
classified
by
the
period
of
availability
(
1­
year,
multiple­
year,
no­
year),
by
the
timing
of
congressional
action
(
current
or
permanent
or
by
the
manner
of
determining
the
amount
available
(
definite
or
indefinite).

Business
Program
of
instruction
that
prepares
individuals
for
a
variety
of
activities
in
planning,
organizing
directing,
and
controlling
business
office
systems
and
procedures.
540
DEFINITIONS
Capital
outlay
Funds
for
the
acquisition
of
land
and
buildings;
building
construction,
remodeling,
and
additions;
the
initial
installation
or
extension
of
service
systems
and
other
built­
in
equipment;
and
site
improvement.
The
category
also
encompasses
architectural
and
engineering
services
including
the
development
of
blueprints.

Carnegie
unit
A
standard
of
measurement
that
represents
one
credit
for
the
completion
of
a
1­
year
course.

Catholic
school
A
private
school
over
which
a
Roman
Catholic
church
group
exercises
some
control
or
provides
some
form
of
subsidy.
Catholic
schools
for
the
most
part
include
those
operated
or
supported
by:
a
parish,
a
group
of
parishes,
a
diocese
or
a
Catholic
religious
order.

Central
cities
The
largest
cities,
with
50,000
or
more
inhabitants,
in
a
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area
(
MSA).
A
smaller
city
within
a
MSA
may
also
qualify
if
it
has
at
least
25,000
inhabitants
or
has
a
population
of
one­
third
or
more
of
that
of
the
largest
city
and
a
minimum
population
of
25,000.
An
exception
occurs
where
two
cities
have
contiguous
boundaries
and
constitute,
for
economic
and
social
purposes,
a
single
community
of
at
least
50,000,
the
smaller
of
which
must
have
a
population
of
at
least
15,000.

Class
size
The
membership
of
a
class
at
a
given
date.

Classroom
teacher
A
staff
member
assigned
the
professional
activities
of
instructing
pupils
in
self­
contained
classes
or
courses,
or
in
classroom
situations.
Usually
expressed
in
full­
time
equivalents.

Cohort
A
group
of
individuals
that
have
a
statistical
factor
in
common,
for
example,
year
of
birth.

College
A
postsecondary
school
which
offers
general
or
liberal
arts
education,
usually
leading
to
an
associate,
bachelor's,
master's,
doctor's,
or
first­
professional
degree.
Junior
colleges
and
community
colleges
are
included
under
this
terminology.

Combined
elementary
and
secondary
school
A
school
which
encompasses
instruction
at
both
the
elementary
and
the
secondary
levels.
Includes
schools
starting
with
grade
6
or
below
and
ending
with
grade
9
or
above.

Computer
science
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
computer
and
information
sciences,
including
computer
programming,
data
processing,
and
information
systems.

Constant
dollars
Dollar
amounts
that
have
been
adjusted
by
means
of
price
and
cost
indexes
to
eliminate
inflationary
factors
and
allow
direct
comparison
across
years.

Consumer,
personal,
and
miscellaneous
services
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
the
fundamental
skills
a
person
is
normally
thought
to
need
in
order
to
function
productively
in
society.
Some
examples
are
child
development,
consumer
education,
and
family
relations.

Consumer
Price
Index
(
CPI)
This
price
index
measures
the
average
change
in
the
cost
of
a
fixed
market
basket
of
goods
and
services
purchased
by
consumers.

Consumption
That
portion
of
income
which
is
spent
on
the
purchase
of
goods
and
services
rather
than
being
saved.

Control
of
institutions
A
classification
of
institutions
of
elementary/
secondary
or
higher
education
by
whether
the
institution
is
operated
by
publicly
elected
or
appointed
officials
(
public
control)
or
by
privately
elected
or
appointed
officials
and
derives
its
major
source
of
funds
from
private
sources
(
private
control

Credit
The
unit
of
value,
awarded
for
the
successful
completion
of
certain
courses,
intended
to
indicate
the
quantity
of
course
instruction
in
relation
to
the
total
requirements
for
a
diploma,
certificate,
or
degree
Credits
are
frequently
expressed
in
terms
such
as
``
Carnegie
units,''
``
semester
credit
hours,''
and
``
quarter
credit
hours.''

Current
dollars
Dollar
amounts
that
have
not
been
adjusted
to
compensate
for
inflation.

Current
expenditures
(
elementary/
secondary)
The
expenditures
for
operating
local
public
schools,
excluding
capital
outlay
and
interest
on
school
debt.
These
expenditures
include
such
items
as
salaries
for
school
personnel,
fixed
charges,
student
transportation
school
books
and
materials,
and
energy
costs.
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
expenditures
for
state
administration
are
excluded.

Current
expenditures
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
Current
expenditures
for
the
regular
school
term
divided
by
the
average
daily
attendance
of
full­
time
pupils
(
or
full­
time
equivalency
of
pupils)
during
the
term.
See
also
Current
expenditures
and
Average
daily
attendance.

Current­
fund
expenditures
(
higher
education)
Money
spent
to
meet
current
operating
costs,
including
salaries,
wages,
utilities,
student
services,
public
services,
research
libraries,
scholarships
and
fellowships
auxiliary
enterprises,
hospitals,
and
inde­
541
DEFINITIONS
pendent
operations.
Excludes
loans,
capital
expenditures
and
investments.

Current­
fund
revenues
(
higher
education)
Money
received
during
the
current
fiscal
year
from
revenue
which
can
be
used
to
pay
obligations
currently
due,
and
surpluses
reappropriated
for
the
current
fiscal
year.

Current
Population
Survey
See
Guide
to
Sources.

Degree­
granting
institutions
Postsecondary
institutions
that
are
eligible
for
Title
IV
federal
financialaid
programs
and
grant
an
associate's
or
higher
degree
For
an
institution
to
be
eligible
to
participate
in
Title
IV
financial­
aid
programs
it
must
offer
a
program
of
at
least
300
clock
hours
in
length,
have
accreditation
recognized
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Education,
have
been
in
business
for
at
least
2
years,
and
have
signed
a
participation
agreement
with
the
Department

Disposable
personal
income
Current
income
received
by
persons
less
their
contributions
for
social
insurance,
personal
tax,
and
nontax
payments.
It
is
the
income
available
to
persons
for
spending
and
saving.
Nontax
payments
include
passport
fees,
fines
and
penalties,
donations,
and
tuitions
and
fees
paid
to
schools
and
hospitals
operated
mainly
by
the
government
See
also
Personal
income.

Doctor's
degree
An
earned
degree
carrying
the
title
of
Doctor.
The
Doctor
of
Philosophy
degree
(
Ph.
D.)
is
the
highest
academic
degree
and
requires
mastery
within
a
field
of
knowledge
and
demonstrated
ability
to
perform
scholarly
research.
Other
doctorates
are
awarded
for
fulfilling
specialized
requirements
in
professional
fields,
such
as
education
(
Ed.
D.),
musical
arts
(
D.
M.
A.),
business
administration
(
D.
B.
A.),
and
engineering
(
D.
Eng.
or
D.
E.
S.).
Many
doctor's
degrees
in
academic
and
professional
fields
require
an
earned
master's
degree
as
a
prerequisite
First­
professional
degrees,
such
as
M.
D.
and
D.
D.
S.,
are
not
included
under
this
heading.

Educational
and
general
expenditures
The
sum
of
current
funds
expenditures
on
instruction,
research
public
service,
academic
support,
student
services,
institutional
support,
operation
and
maintenance
of
plant,
and
awards
from
restricted
and
unrestricted
funds.

Educational
attainment
The
highest
grade
of
regular
school
attended
and
completed.

Elementary
education/
programs
Learning
experiences
concerned
with
the
knowledge,
skills,
appreciations
attitudes,
and
behavioral
characteristics
which
are
considered
to
be
needed
by
all
pupils
in
terms
of
their
awareness
of
life
within
our
culture
and
the
world
of
work,
and
which
normally
may
be
achieved
during
the
elementary
school
years
(
usually
kindergarten
through
grade
8
or
kindergarten
through
grade
6),
as
defined
by
applicable
state
laws
and
regulations.

Elementary
school
A
school
classified
as
elementary
by
state
and
local
practice
and
composed
of
any
span
of
grades
not
above
grade
8.
A
preschool
or
kindergarten
school
is
included
under
this
heading
only
if
it
is
an
integral
part
of
an
elementary
school
or
a
regularly
established
school
system.

Elementary/
secondary
school
As
reported
in
this
publication,
includes
only
regular
schools
(
i.
e.,
schools
that
are
part
of
state
and
local
school
systems
and
also
most
not­
for­
profit
private
elementary/
secondary
schools,
both
religiously
affiliated
and
nonsectarian).
Schools
not
reported
include
subcollegiate
departments
of
institutions
of
higher
education,
residential
schools
for
exceptional
children,
federal
schools
for
American
Indians,
and
federal
schools
on
military
posts
and
other
federal
installations.

Employment
Includes
civilian,
noninstitutional
persons
who:
(
1)
worked
during
any
part
of
the
survey
week
as
paid
employees;
worked
in
their
own
business
profession,
or
farm;
or
worked
15
hours
or
more
as
unpaid
workers
in
a
family­
owned
enterprise
or
(
2)
were
not
working
but
had
jobs
or
businesses
from
which
they
were
temporarily
absent
due
to
illness,
bad
weather,
vacation,
labor­
management
dispute,
or
personal
reasons
whether
or
not
they
were
seeking
another
job.

Endowment
A
trust
fund
set
aside
to
provide
a
perpetual
source
of
revenue
from
the
proceeds
of
the
endowment
investments.
Endowment
funds
are
often
created
by
donations
from
benefactors
of
an
institution
who
may
designate
the
use
of
the
endowment
revenue.
Normally,
institutions
or
their
representatives
manage
the
investments,
but
they
are
not
permitted
to
spend
the
endowment
fund
itself,
only
the
proceeds
from
the
investments.
Typical
uses
of
endowments
would
be
an
endowed
chair
for
a
particular
department
or
for
a
scholarship
fund.
Endowment
totals
tabulated
in
this
book
also
include
funds
functioning
as
endowments,
such
as
funds
left
over
from
the
previous
year
and
placed
with
the
endowment
investments
by
the
institution.
These
funds
may
be
withdrawn
by
the
institution
and
spent
as
current
funds
at
any
time.
Endowments
are
evaluated
by
two
different
measures,
book
value
and
market
value.
Book
value
is
the
purchase
price
of
the
endowment
investment.
Market
value
is
the
current
worth
of
the
endowment
investment.
Thus,
the
book
value
of
a
stock
held
in
an
endowment
fund
would
be
the
pur­
542
DEFINITIONS
chase
price
of
the
stock.
The
market
value
of
the
stock
would
be
its
selling
price
as
of
a
given
day.

Engineering
Instructional
programs
that
describe
the
mathematical
and
natural
science
knowledge
gained
by
study,
experience,
and
practice
and
applied
with
judgment
to
develop
ways
to
utilize
the
materials
and
forces
of
nature
economically
for
the
benefit
of
mankind.
Include
programs
that
prepare
individuals
to
support
and
assist
engineers
and
similar
professionals.

English
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
the
English
language
arts,
including
composition
creative
writing,
and
the
study
of
literature.

Enrollment
The
total
number
of
students
registered
in
a
given
school
unit
at
a
given
time,
generally
in
the
fall
of
a
year.

Expenditures
Charges
incurred,
whether
paid
or
unpaid,
which
are
presumed
to
benefit
the
current
fiscal
year.
For
elementary/
secondary
schools,
these
include
all
charges
for
current
outlays
plus
capital
outlays
and
interest
on
school
debt.
For
institutions
of
higher
education,
these
include
current
outlays
plus
capital
outlays.
For
government,
these
include
charges
net
of
recoveries
and
other
correcting
transactions
other
than
for
retirement
of
debt,
investment
in
securities,
extension
of
credit,
or
as
agency
transactions
Government
expenditures
include
only
external
transactions,
such
as
the
provision
of
perquisites
or
other
payments
in
kind.
Aggregates
for
groups
of
governments
exclude
intergovernmental
transactions
among
the
governments.

Expenditures
per
pupil
Charges
incurred
for
a
particular
period
of
time
divided
by
a
student
unit
of
measure,
such
as
average
daily
attendance
or
average
daily
membership.

Extracurricular
activities
Activities
that
are
not
part
of
the
required
curriculum
and
that
take
place
outside
of
the
regular
course
of
study.
As
used
here,
they
include
both
school­
sponsored
(
e.
g.,
varsity
athletics
drama,
and
debate
clubs)
and
communitysponsored
(
e.
g.,
hobby
clubs
and
youth
organizations
like
the
Junior
Chamber
of
Commerce
or
Boy
Scouts)
activities.

Family
A
group
of
two
persons
or
more
(
one
of
whom
is
the
householder)
related
by
birth,
marriage,
or
adoption
and
residing
together.
All
such
persons
(
including
related
subfamily
members)
are
considered
as
members
of
one
family.

Federal
funds
Amounts
collected
and
used
by
the
federal
government
for
the
general
purposes
of
the
government.
There
are
four
types
of
federal
fund
accounts
the
general
fund,
special
funds,
public
enterprise
funds,
and
intragovernmental
funds.
The
major
federal
fund
is
the
general
fund,
which
is
derived
from
general
taxes
and
borrowing.
Federal
funds
also
include
certain
earmarked
collections,
such
as
those
generated
by
and
used
to
finance
a
continuing
cycle
of
business­
type
operations.

Federal
sources
Includes
federal
appropriations,
grants,
and
contracts,
and
federally­
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDCs).
Federally
subsidized
student
loans
and
Pell
Grants
are
not
included

First­
professional
degree
A
degree
that
signifies
both
completion
of
the
academic
requirements
for
beginning
practice
in
a
given
profession
and
a
level
of
professional
skill
beyond
that
normally
required
for
a
bachelor's
degree.
This
degree
usually
is
based
on
a
program
requiring
at
least
2
academic
years
of
work
prior
to
entrance
and
a
total
of
at
least
6
academic
years
of
work
to
complete
the
degree
program
including
both
prior­
required
college
work
and
the
professional
program
itself.
By
NCES
definition,
first­
professional
degrees
are
awarded
in
the
fields
of
dentistry
(
D.
D.
S.
or
D.
M.
D.),
medicine
(
M.
D.),
optometry
(
O.
D.),
osteopathic
medicine
(
D.
O.),
pharmacy
(
D.
Phar.),
podiatric
medicine
(
D.
P.
M.),
veterinary
medicine
(
D.
V.
M.),
chiropractic
(
D.
C.
or
D.
C.
M.),
law
(
J.
D.),
and
theological
professions
(
M.
Div.
or
M.
H.
L.).

First­
professional
enrollment
The
number
of
students
enrolled
in
a
professional
school
or
program
which
requires
at
least
2
years
of
academic
college
work
for
entrance
and
a
total
of
at
least
6
years
for
a
degree.
By
NCES
definition,
first­
professional
enrollment
includes
only
students
in
certain
programs.
(
See
First­
professional
degree
for
a
list
of
programs.)

Fiscal
year
The
yearly
accounting
period
for
the
federal
government,
which
begins
on
October
1
and
ends
on
the
following
September
30.
The
fiscal
year
is
designated
by
the
calendar
year
in
which
it
ends;
e.
g.,
fiscal
year
1988
begins
on
October
1,
1987,
and
ends
on
September
30,
1988.
(
From
fiscal
year
1844
to
fiscal
year
1976,
the
fiscal
year
began
on
July
1
and
ended
on
the
following
June
30.)

Foreign
languages
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
the
structure
and
use
of
language
that
is
common
or
indigenous
to
people
of
the
same
community
or
nation,
the
same
geographical
area,
or
the
same
cultural
traditions.
Programs
cover
such
features
as
sound,
literature,
syntax,
phonology,
semantics,
sentences,
prose,
and
verse,
as
well
as
the
development
of
skills
and
attitudes
used
in
communicating
and
evaluating
thoughts
and
feelings
through
oral
and
written
language.
543
DEFINITIONS
Full­
time
enrollment
The
number
of
students
enrolled
in
higher
education
courses
with
total
credit
load
equal
to
at
least
75
percent
of
the
normal
fulltime
course
load.

Full­
time­
equivalent
(
FTE)
enrollment
For
institutions
of
higher
education,
enrollment
of
full­
time
students
plus
the
full­
time
equivalent
of
part­
time
students
The
full­
time
equivalent
of
the
part­
time
students
is
estimated
using
different
factors
depending
on
the
type
and
control
of
institution
and
level
of
student

Full­
time
instructional
faculty
Those
members
of
the
instruction/
research
staff
who
are
employed
full
time
as
defined
by
the
institution,
including
faculty
with
released
time
for
research
and
faculty
on
sabbatical
leave.
Full
time
counts
exclude
faculty
who
are
employed
to
teach
less
than
two
semesters,
three
quarters,
two
trimesters,
or
two
4­
month
sessions
replacements
for
faculty
on
sabbatical
leave
or
those
on
leave
without
pay;
faculty
for
preclinical
and
clinical
medicine;
faculty
who
are
donating
their
services
faculty
who
are
members
of
military
organizations
and
paid
on
a
different
pay
scale
from
civilian
employees;
academic
officers,
whose
primary
duties
are
administrative;
and
graduate
students
who
assist
in
the
instruction
of
courses.

Full­
time
worker
In
educational
institutions,
an
employee
whose
position
requires
being
on
the
job
on
school
days
throughout
the
school
year
at
least
the
number
of
hours
the
schools
are
in
session.
For
higher
education,
a
member
of
an
educational
institution's
staff
who
is
employed
full
time.

General
administration
support
services
Includes
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
boards
of
education
staff
and
executive
administration
Excludes
state
administration.

General
Educational
Development
(
GED)
program
Academic
instruction
to
prepare
persons
to
take
the
high
school
equivalency
examination.
See
GED
recipient

GED
recipient
A
person
who
has
obtained
certification
of
high
school
equivalency
by
meeting
state
requirements
and
passing
an
approved
exam,
which
is
intended
to
provide
an
appraisal
of
the
person's
achievement
or
performance
in
the
broad
subject
matter
areas
usually
required
for
high
school
graduation

General
program
A
program
of
studies
designed
to
prepare
students
for
the
common
activities
of
a
citizen
family
member,
and
worker.
A
general
program
of
studies
may
include
instruction
in
both
academic
and
vocational
areas.

Geographic
region
(
1)
One
of
four
regions
used
by
the
Bureau
of
Economic
Analysis
of
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Commerce,
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
and
the
National
Education
Association,
as
follows:
(
The
National
Education
Association
designated
the
Central
region
as
Middle
region
in
its
classification.)

Northeast
Southeast
Connecticut
Alabama
Delaware
Arkansas
District
of
Columbia
Florida
Maine
Georgia
Maryland
Kentucky
Massachusetts
Louisiana
New
Hampshire
Mississippi
New
Jersey
North
Carolina
New
York
South
Carolina
Pennsylvania
Tennessee
Rhode
Island
Virginia
Vermont
West
Virginia
Central
(
Middle)
West
Illinois
Alaska
Indiana
Arizona
Iowa
California
Kansas
Colorado
Michigan
Hawaii
Minnesota
Idaho
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
North
Dakota
New
Mexico
Ohio
Oklahoma
South
Dakota
Oregon
Wisconsin
Texas
Utah
Washington
Wyoming
(
2)
One
of
the
regions
or
divisions
used
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census
in
Current
Population
Survey
tabulations,
as
follows:

Northeast
Midwest
(
New
England)
(
East
North
Central)
Maine
Ohio
New
Hampshire
Indiana
Vermont
Illinois
Massachusetts
Michigan
Rhode
Island
Wisconsin
Connecticut
544
DEFINITIONS
(
Middle
Atlantic)
(
West
North
Central)
New
York
Minnesota
New
Jersey
Iowa
Pennsylvania
Missouri
North
Dakota
South
Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
South
West
(
South
Atlantic)
(
Mountain)
Delaware
Montana
Maryland
Idaho
District
of
Columbia
Wyoming
Virginia
Colorado
West
Virginia
New
Mexico
North
Carolina
Arizona
South
Carolina
Utah
Georgia
Nevada
Florida
(
East
South
Central)
(
Pacific)
Kentucky
Washington
Tennessee
Oregon
Alabama
California
Mississippi
Alaska
Hawaii
(
West
South
Central)
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Government
appropriation
An
amount
(
other
than
a
grant
or
contract)
received
from
or
made
available
to
an
institution
through
an
act
of
a
legislative
body.

Government
grant
or
contract
Revenues
from
a
government
agency
for
a
specific
research
project
or
other
program.

Graduate
An
individual
who
has
received
formal
recognition
for
the
successful
completion
of
a
prescribed
program
of
studies.

Graduate
enrollment
The
number
of
students
who
hold
the
bachelor's
or
first­
professional
degree,
or
the
equivalent,
and
who
are
working
towards
a
master's
or
doctor's
degree.
First­
professional
students
are
counted
separately.
These
enrollment
data
measure
those
students
who
are
registered
at
a
particular
time
during
the
fall.
At
some
institutions,
graduate
enrollment
also
includes
students
who
are
in
postbaccalaureate
classes,
but
not
in
degree
programs
In
specified
tables,
graduate
enrollment
includes
all
students
in
regular
graduate
programs
and
all
students
in
postbaccalaureate
classes,
but
not
in
degree
programs
(
unclassified
postbaccalaureate
students).
Graduate
Record
Examination
(
GRE)
Multiplechoice
examinations
administered
by
the
Educational
Testing
Service
and
taken
by
college
students
who
are
intending
to
attend
certain
graduate
schools.
The
tests
are
offered
in
a
variety
of
subject
areas.
Ordinarily
a
student
will
take
only
the
exam
that
applies
to
the
intended
field
of
study.

Graduation
Formal
recognition
given
an
individual
for
the
successful
completion
of
a
prescribed
program
of
studies.

Gross
domestic
product
(
GDP)
The
total
national
output
of
goods
and
services
valued
at
market
prices.
GDP
can
be
viewed
in
terms
of
expenditure
categories
which
include
purchases
of
goods
and
services
by
consumers
and
government,
gross
private
domestic
investment,
and
net
exports
of
goods
and
services.
The
goods
and
services
included
are
largely
those
bought
for
final
use
(
excluding
illegal
transactions)
in
the
market
economy.
A
number
of
inclusions
however,
represent
imputed
values,
the
most
important
of
which
is
rental
value
of
owner­
occupied
housing.
GDP,
in
this
broad
context,
measures
the
output
attributable
to
the
factors
of
production
 
labor
and
property
 
supplied
by
U.
S.
residents.

Handicapped
Those
children
evaluated
as
having
any
of
the
following
impairments,
who
because
of
these
impairments
need
special
education
and
related
services.
(
These
definitions
apply
specifically
to
data
from
the
U.
S.
Office
of
Special
Education
and
Rehabilitative
Services
presented
in
this
publication.)

Deaf
Having
a
hearing
impairment
which
is
so
severe
that
the
student
is
impaired
in
processing
linguistic
information
through
hearing
(
with
or
without
amplification)
and
which
adversely
affects
educational
performance.

Deaf­
blind
Having
concomitant
hearing
and
visual
impairments
which
cause
such
severe
communication
and
other
developmental
and
educational
problems
that
the
student
cannot
be
accommodated
in
special
education
programs
solely
for
deaf
or
blind
students.

Hard
of
hearing
Having
a
hearing
impairment,
whether
permanent
or
fluctuating,
which
adversely
affects
the
student's
educational
performance,
but
which
is
not
included
under
the
definition
of
``
deaf''
in
this
section.

Mentally
retarded
Having
significantly
subaverage
general
intellectual
functioning,
existing
concurrently
with
defects
in
adaptive
behavior
and
manifested
during
the
developmental
period,
which
adversely
affects
the
child's
educational
performance.

Multihandicapped
Having
concomitant
impairments
(
such
as
mentally
retarded­
blind,
mentally
545
DEFINITIONS
retarded­
orthopedically
impaired,
etc.),
the
combination
of
which
causes
such
severe
educational
problems
that
the
student
cannot
be
accommodated
in
special
education
programs
solely
for
one
of
the
impairments.
Term
does
not
include
deafblind
students,
but
does
include
those
students
who
are
severely
or
profoundly
mentally
retarded.

Orthopedically
impaired
Having
a
severe
orthopedic
impairment
which
adversely
affects
a
student's
educational
performance.
The
term
includes
impairment
resulting
from
congenital
anomaly,
disease
or
other
causes.

Other
health
impaired
Having
limited
strength,
vitality,
or
alertness
due
to
chronic
or
acute
health
problems,
such
as
a
heart
condition,
tuberculosis,
rheumatic
fever,
nephritis,
asthma,
sickle
cell
anemia
hemophilia,
epilepsy,
lead
poisoning,
leukemia
or
diabetes
which
adversely
affects
the
student's
educational
performance.

Seriously
emotionally
disturbed
Exhibiting
one
or
more
of
the
following
characteristics
over
a
long
period
of
time,
to
a
marked
degree,
and
adversely
affecting
educational
performance:
an
inability
to
learn
which
cannot
be
explained
by
intellectual,
sensory,
or
health
factors;
an
inability
to
build
or
maintain
satisfactory
interpersonal
relationships
with
peers
and
teachers;
inappropriate
types
of
behavior
or
feelings
under
normal
circumstances;
a
general
pervasive
mood
of
unhappiness
or
depression
or
a
tendency
to
develop
physical
symptoms
or
fears
associated
with
personal
or
school
problems
This
term
does
not
include
children
who
are
socially
maladjusted,
unless
they
also
display
one
or
more
of
the
listed
characteristics.

Specific
learning
disabled
Having
a
disorder
in
one
or
more
of
the
basic
psychological
processes
involved
in
understanding
or
in
using
spoken
or
written
language,
which
may
manifest
itself
in
an
imperfect
ability
to
listen,
think,
speak,
read,
write,
spell,
or
do
mathematical
calculations.
The
term
includes
such
conditions
as
perceptual
handicaps,
brain
injury,
minimal
brain
dysfunction,
dyslexia,
and
developmental
aphasia.
The
term
does
not
include
children
who
have
learning
problems
which
are
primarily
the
result
of
visual,
hearing,
or
environmental
cultural,
or
economic
disadvantage.

Speech
impaired
Having
a
communication
disorder
such
as
stuttering,
impaired
articulation,
language
impairment,
or
voice
impairment,
which
adversely
affects
the
student's
educational
performance

Visually
handicapped
Having
a
visual
impairment
which,
even
with
correction,
adversely
affects
the
student's
educational
performance.
The
term
includes
partially
seeing
and
blind
children.

Higher
education
Study
beyond
secondary
school
at
an
institution
that
offers
programs
terminating
in
an
associate,
baccalaureate,
or
higher
degree.

Higher
education
institutions
(
alternative
classification

Doctoral­
granting
Characterized
by
a
significant
level
and
breadth
of
activity
in
commitment
to
doctoral
level
education
as
measured
by
the
number
of
doctorate
recipients
and
the
diversity
in
doctorallevel
program
offerings.

Comprehensive
Characterized
by
diverse
postbaccalaureate
programs
(
including
first­
professional
but
not
engaged
in
significant
doctorallevel
education.

General
baccalaureate
Characterized
by
primary
emphasis
on
general
undergraduate,
baccalaureate
level
education.
Not
significantly
engaged
in
postbaccalaureate
education.

Specialized
Baccalaureate
or
postbaccalaureate
institution
emphasizing
one
area
(
plus
closely
related
specialties),
such
as
business
or
engineering.
The
programmatic
emphasis
is
measured
by
the
percentage
of
degrees
granted
in
the
program
area.

2­
year
Conferring
at
least
75
percent
of
its
degrees
and
awards
for
work
below
the
bachelor's
level.

New
These
institutions,
though
not
necessarily
newly
organized,
are
new
additions
to
the
Integrated
Postsecondary
Education
Data
survey
universe
When
degree
and
award
data
become
available,
they
will
be
reclassified.

Nondegree­
granting
Offering
undergraduate
or
graduate
study,
but
not
conferring
degrees
or
awards.
In
this
volume,
these
institutions
are
included
under
Specialized.

Higher
education
institutions
(
traditional
classification

4­
year
institution
An
institution
legally
authorized
to
offer
and
offering
at
least
a
4­
year
program
of
college­
level
studies
wholly
or
principally
creditable
toward
a
baccalaureate
degree.
In
some
tables
a
further
division
between
universities
and
other
4­
year
institutions
is
made.
A
``
university''
is
a
postsecondary
institution
which
typically
comprises
one
or
more
graduate
professional
schools
(
also
see
University).
For
purposes
of
trend
com­
546
DEFINITIONS
parisons
in
this
volume,
the
selection
of
universities
has
been
held
constant
for
all
tabulations
after
1982.
``
Other
4­
year
institutions''
would
include
the
rest
of
the
nonuniversity
4­
year
institutions

2­
year
institution
An
institution
legally
authorized
to
offer
and
offering
at
least
a
2­
year
program
of
college­
level
studies
which
terminates
in
an
associate
degree
or
is
principally
creditable
toward
a
baccalaureate
degree.
Also
includes
some
institutions
that
have
a
less
than
2­
year
program,
but
were
designated
as
institutions
of
higher
education
in
the
Higher
Education
General
Information
Survey

Higher
Education
Price
Index
A
price
index
which
measures
average
changes
in
the
prices
of
goods
and
services
purchased
by
colleges
and
universities
through
current­
fund
education
and
general
expenditures
(
excluding
expenditures
for
sponsored
research
and
auxiliary
enterprises).

High
school
A
secondary
school
offering
the
final
years
of
high
school
work
necessary
for
graduation,
usually
includes
grades
10,
11,
12
(
in
a
6
 
3
 
3
plan)
or
grades
9,
10,
11,
and
12
(
in
a
6
 
2
 
4
plan).

High
school
program
A
program
of
studies
designed
to
prepare
students
for
their
postsecondary
education
and
occupation.
Three
types
of
programs
are
usually
distinguished
 
academic,
vocational,
and
general.
An
academic
program
is
designed
to
prepare
students
for
continued
study
at
a
college
or
university
A
vocational
program
is
designed
to
prepare
students
for
employment
in
one
or
more
semiskilled,
skilled,
or
technical
occupations.
A
general
program
is
designed
to
provide
students
with
the
understanding
and
competence
to
function
effectively
in
a
free
society
and
usually
represents
a
mixture
of
academic
and
vocational
components.

Historically
black
colleges
and
universities
Accredited
institutions
of
higher
education
established
prior
to
1964
with
the
principal
mission
of
educating
black
Americans.
Federal
regulations
(
20
USC
1061
(
2))
allow
for
certain
exceptions
of
the
founding
date.

Household
All
the
persons
who
occupy
a
housing
unit.
A
house,
apartment,
or
other
group
of
rooms,
or
a
single
room,
is
regarded
as
a
housing
unit
when
it
is
occupied
or
intended
for
occupancy
as
separate
living
quarters,
that
is,
when
the
occupants
do
not
live
and
eat
with
any
other
persons
in
the
structure,
and
there
is
direct
access
from
the
outside
or
through
a
common
hall.

Housing
unit
A
house,
an
apartment,
a
mobile
home,
a
group
of
rooms,
or
a
single
room
that
is
occupied
as
separate
living
quarters.
Imaginative
writing
This
type
of
writing
can
take
a
variety
of
forms,
such
as
stories,
poems,
plays,
or
lyrics.
It
represents
a
special
approach
to
sharing
experiences
and
understanding
the
world
and
ourselves
In
this
form
of
writing,
special
attention
is
given
to
rhythm
and
tone;
the
use
of
anecdote;
the
presence
of
metaphor
and
simile;
shifts
in
plots;
and
the
unexpected
use
of
words,
phrases,
or
punctuation

Income
tax
Taxes
levied
on
net
income,
that
is,
on
gross
income
less
certain
deductions
permitted
by
law.
These
taxes
can
be
levied
on
individuals
or
on
corporations
or
unincorporated
businesses
where
the
income
is
taxed
distinctly
from
individual
income.

Independent
operations
A
group
of
self­
supporting
activities
under
control
of
a
college
or
university.
For
purposes
of
financial
surveys
conducted
by
the
National
Center
for
Education
Statistics,
this
category
is
composed
principally
of
federally
funded
research
and
development
centers
(
FFRDC).

Informative
writing
This
type
of
writing
is
used
to
share
information
and
to
convey
messages,
directions
and
ideas.
It
often
involves
reporting
or
retelling
events
or
experiences
that
have
already
occurred

Institutional
support
The
category
of
higher
education
expenditures
that
includes
day­
to­
day
operational
support
for
colleges,
excluding
expenditures
for
physical
plant
operations.
Examples
of
institutional
support
include
general
administrative
services,
executive
direction
and
planning,
legal
and
fiscal
operations
and
community
relations.

Instruction
That
category
including
expenditures
of
the
colleges,
schools,
departments,
and
other
instructional
divisions
of
higher
education
institutions
and
expenditures
for
departmental
research
and
public
service
which
are
not
separately
budgeted.
Includes
expenditures
for
both
credit
and
noncredit
activities
Excludes
expenditures
for
academic
administration
where
the
primary
function
is
administration
(
e.
g.,
academic
deans).

Instruction
(
elementary
and
secondary)
Instruction
encompasses
all
activities
dealing
directly
with
the
interaction
between
teachers
and
students.
Teaching
may
be
provided
for
students
in
a
school
classroom,
in
another
location
such
as
a
home
or
hospital,
and
in
other
learning
situations
such
as
those
involving
co­
curricular
activities.
Instruction
may
be
provided
through
some
other
approved
medium
such
as
television,
radio,
telephone,
and
correspondence
Instruction
expenditures
include:
salaries
employee
benefits,
purchased
services,
supplies
and
tuition
to
private
schools.
547
DEFINITIONS
Instructional
staff
Full­
time­
equivalent
number
of
positions,
not
the
number
of
different
individuals
occupying
the
positions
during
the
school
year.
In
local
schools,
includes
all
public
elementary
and
secondary
(
junior
and
senior
high)
day­
school
positions
that
are
in
the
nature
of
teaching
or
in
the
improvement
of
the
teaching­
learning
situation.
Includes
consultants
or
supervisors
of
instruction,
principals,
teachers,
guidance
personnel,
librarians,
psychological
personnel,
and
other
instructional
staff.
Excludes
administrative
staff,
attendance
personnel,
clerical
personnel,
and
junior
college
staff.

Instructional
support
services
Includes
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
staff
providing
instructional
improvement,
educational
media
(
library
and
audiovisual),
and
other
instructional
support
services.

Junior
high
school
A
separately
organized
and
administered
secondary
school
intermediate
between
the
elementary
and
senior
high
schools,
usually
includes
grades
7,
8,
and
9
(
in
a
6
 
3
 
3
plan)
or
grades
7
and
8
(
in
a
6
 
2
 
4
plan).

Labor
force
Persons
employed
as
civilians,
unemployed
(
but
looking
for
work),
or
in
the
armed
services
during
the
survey
week.
The
``
civilian
labor
force''
comprises
all
civilians
classified
as
employed
or
unemployed.

Land­
grant
colleges
The
First
Morrill
Act
of
1862
facilitated
the
establishment
of
colleges
through
grants
of
land
or
funds
in
lieu
of
land.
The
Second
Morrill
Act
in
1890
provided
for
money
grants
and
for
the
establishment
of
black
land­
grant
colleges
and
universities
in
those
states
with
dual
systems
of
higher
education.

Local
education
agency
See
School
district.

Mandatory
transfer
A
transfer
of
current
funds
that
must
be
made
in
order
to
fulfill
a
binding
legal
obligation
of
the
institution.
Included
under
mandatory
transfers
are
debt
service
provisions
relating
to
academic
and
administrative
buildings,
including
(
1)
amounts
set
aside
for
debt
retirement
and
interest
and
(
2)
required
provisions
for
renewal
and
replacement
of
buildings
to
the
extent
these
are
not
financed
from
other
funds.

Master's
degree
A
degree
awarded
for
successful
completion
of
a
program
generally
requiring
1
or
2
years
of
full­
time
college­
level
study
beyond
the
bachelor's
degree.
One
type
of
master's
degree,
including
the
Master
of
Arts
degree,
or
M.
A.,
and
the
Master
of
Science
degree,
or
M.
S.,
is
awarded
in
the
liberal
arts
and
sciences
for
advanced
scholarship
in
a
subject
field
or
discipline
and
demonstrated
ability
to
perform
scholarly
research.
A
second
type
of
master's
degree
is
awarded
for
the
completion
of
a
professionally
oriented
program,
for
example,
an
M.
Ed.
in
education,
an
M.
B.
A.
in
business
administration,
an
M.
F.
A.
in
fine
arts,
an
M.
M.
in
music,
an
M.
S.
W.
in
social
work,
and
an
M.
P.
A.
in
public
administration
A
third
type
of
master's
degree
is
awarded
in
professional
fields
for
study
beyond
the
first­
professional
degree,
for
example,
the
Master
of
Laws
(
L.
L.
M.)
and
Master
of
Science
in
various
medical
specializations.

Mathematics
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
the
science
of
numbers
and
their
operations
interrelations,
combinations,
generalizations,
and
abstractions
and
of
space
configurations
and
their
structure,
measurement,
transformations,
and
generalizations.

Mean
test
score
The
score
obtained
by
dividing
the
sum
of
the
scores
of
all
individuals
in
a
group
by
the
number
of
individuals
in
that
group.

Metropolitan
population
The
population
residing
in
Metropolitan
Statistical
Areas
(
MSAs).
See
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area.

Metropolitan
Statistical
Area
(
MSA)
A
large
population
nucleus
and
the
nearby
communities
which
have
a
high
degree
of
economic
and
social
integration
with
that
nucleus.
Each
MSA
consists
of
one
or
more
entire
counties
(
or
county
equivalents)
that
meet
specified
standards
pertaining
to
population,
commuting
ties,
and
metropolitan
character.
In
New
England,
towns
and
cities,
rather
than
counties,
are
the
basic
units.
MSAs
are
designated
by
the
Office
of
Management
and
Budget.
An
MSA
includes
a
city
and,
generally,
its
entire
urban
area
and
the
remainder
of
the
county
or
counties
in
which
the
urban
area
is
located.
An
MSA
also
includes
such
additional
outlying
counties
which
meet
specified
criteria
relating
to
metropolitan
character
and
level
of
commuting
of
workers
into
the
central
city
or
counties.
Specified
criteria
governing
the
definition
of
MSAs
recognized
before
1980
are
published
in
Standard
Metropolitan
Statistical
Areas:
1975,
issued
by
the
Office
of
Management
and
Budget.
New
MSAs
were
designated
when
1980
counts
showed
that
they
met
one
or
both
of
the
following
criteria:

1.
Included
a
city
with
a
population
of
at
least
50,000
within
their
corporate
limits,
or
2.
Included
a
Census
Bureau­
defined
urbanized
area
(
which
must
have
a
population
of
at
least
50,000)
and
a
total
MSA
population
of
at
least
100,000
(
or,
in
New
England,
75,000).

Migration
Geographic
mobility
involving
a
change
of
usual
residence
between
clearly
defined
geo­
548
DEFINITIONS
graphic
units,
that
is,
between
counties,
states,
or
regions

Minimum­
competency
testing
Measuring
the
acquisition
of
competence
or
skills
to
or
beyond
a
certain
specified
standard.

National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(
NAEP)
See
Guide
to
Sources.

Newly
qualified
teacher
Persons
who:
(
1)
first
became
eligible
for
a
teaching
license
during
the
period
of
the
study
referenced
or
who
were
teaching
at
the
time
of
survey,
but
were
not
certified
or
eligible
for
a
teaching
license;
and
(
2)
had
never
held
full­
time,
regular
teaching
positions
(
as
opposed
to
substitute)
prior
to
completing
the
requirements
for
the
degree
which
brought
them
into
the
survey.

Nonmetropolitan
residence
group
The
population
residing
outside
Metropolitan
Statistical
Areas.
See
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area.

Nonprofit
institution
A
private
institution
in
which
the
individual(
s)
or
agency
in
control
receives
compensation
other
than
wages,
rent,
or
other
expenses
for
the
assumption
of
risk.
Nonprofit
institutions
may
be
either
independent
nonprofit
(
i.
e.,
having
no
religious
affiliation)
or
religiously
affiliated.

Nonresident
alien
A
person
who
is
not
a
citizen
of
the
United
States
and
who
is
in
this
country
on
a
temporary
basis
and
does
not
have
the
right
to
remain
indefinitely.

Nonsupervisory
instructional
staff
Persons
such
as
curriculum
specialists,
counselors,
librarians,
remedial
specialists,
and
others
possessing
education
certification,
but
not
responsible
for
day­
to­
day
teaching
of
the
same
group
of
pupils.

Normal
school
A
normal
school
was
an
institution
which
was
engaged
primarily
in
the
preparation
of
teachers
for
positions
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools.
Prior
to
1900,
normal
schools
were
often
secondary
schools
with
teacher
training
programs.
During
the
early
20th
century,
normal
schools
gradually
developed
into
higher
education
institutions.

Obligations
Amounts
of
orders
placed,
contracts
awarded,
services
received,
or
similar
legally
binding
commitments
made
by
federal
agencies
during
a
given
period
that
will
require
outlays
during
the
same
or
some
future
period.

Occupational
home
economics
Courses
of
instruction
emphasizing
the
acquisition
of
competencies
needed
for
getting
and
holding
a
job
or
preparing
for
advancement
in
an
occupational
area
using
home
economics
knowledge
and
skills.
Occupied
housing
unit
Separate
living
quarters
with
occupants
currently
inhabiting
the
unit.

Off­
budget
federal
entities
Organizational
entities,
federally
owned
in
whole
or
in
part,
whose
transactions
belong
in
the
budget
under
current
budget
accounting
concepts,
but
that
have
been
excluded
from
the
budget
totals
under
provisions
of
law.

Operation
and
maintenance
services
Includes
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
supervision
of
operations
and
maintenance,
operating
buildings
(
heating,
lighting,
ventilating,
repair,
and
replacement
care
and
upkeep
of
grounds
and
equipment
vehicle
operations
and
maintenance
(
other
than
student
transportation),
security,
and
other
operations
and
maintenance
services.

Other
foreign
languages
and
literatures
Any
instructional
program
in
foreign
languages
and
literatures
not
described
in
table
253,
including
language
groups
and
individual
languages,
such
as
the
non­
Semitic
African
languages,
Native
American
languages
the
Celtic
languages,
Pacific
language
groups,
the
Ural­
Altaic
languages,
Basque,
and
others

Other
support
services
Includes
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
business
support
services,
central
support
services,
and
other
support
services
not
otherwise
classified.

Other
support
services
staff
All
staff
not
reported
in
other
categories.
This
group
includes
media
personnel
social
workers,
bus
drivers,
security,
cafeteria
workers,
and
other
staff.

Outlays
The
value
of
checks
issued,
interest
accrued
on
the
public
debt,
or
other
payments
made,
net
of
refunds
and
reimbursements.

Part­
time
enrollment
The
number
of
students
enrolled
in
higher
education
courses
with
a
total
credit
load
less
than
75
percent
of
the
normal
full­
time
credit
load.

Per
capita
income
The
mean
income
computed
for
every
man,
woman,
and
child
in
a
particular
group.
It
is
derived
by
dividing
the
total
income
of
a
particular
group
by
the
total
population
in
that
group.

Personal
income
Current
income
received
by
persons
from
all
sources,
minus
their
personal
contributions
for
social
insurance.
Classified
as
``
persons''
are
individuals
(
including
owners
of
unincorporated
firms),
nonprofit
institutions
serving
individuals,
private
trust
funds,
and
private
noninsured
welfare
funds.
Personal
income
includes
transfers
(
payments
not
resulting
from
current
production)
from
govern­
549
DEFINITIONS
ment
and
business
such
as
social
security
benefits
and
military
pensions,
but
excludes
transfers
among
persons.

Persuasive
writing
This
type
of
writing
attempts
to
bring
about
some
action
or
change.
Its
primary
purpose
is
to
influence
others.
It
is
concerned
with
the
positions,
beliefs,
and
attitudes
of
the
readers.

Physical
plant
assets
Includes
the
values
of
land,
buildings,
and
equipment
owned,
rented,
or
utilized
by
colleges.
Does
not
include
those
plant
values
which
are
a
part
of
endowment
or
other
capital
fund
investments
in
real
estate.
Excludes
construction
in
progress.

Postbaccalaureate
enrollment
The
number
of
graduate
and
first­
professional
students
working
towards
advanced
degrees
and
of
students
enrolled
in
graduate­
level
classes,
but
not
enrolled
in
degree
programs.
See
also
Graduate
enrollment
and
Firstprofessional
enrollment.

Postsecondary
education
The
provision
of
formal
instructional
programs
with
a
curriculum
designed
primarily
for
students
who
have
completed
the
requirements
for
a
high
school
diploma
or
equivalent.
This
includes
programs
of
an
academic,
vocational,
and
continuing
professional
education
purpose,
and
excludes
avocational
and
adult
basic
education
programs

Private
school
or
institution
A
school
or
institution
which
is
controlled
by
an
individual
or
agency
other
than
a
state,
a
subdivision
of
a
state,
or
the
federal
government,
which
is
usually
supported
primarily
by
other
than
public
funds,
and
the
operation
of
whose
program
rests
with
other
than
publicly
elected
or
appointed
officials.
Private
schools
and
institutions
include
both
nonprofit
and
proprietary
institutions

Property
tax
The
sum
of
money
collected
from
a
tax
levied
against
the
value
of
property.

Proprietary
(
for
profit)
institution
A
private
institution
in
which
the
individual(
s)
or
agency
in
control
receives
compensation
other
than
wages,
rent,
or
other
expenses
for
the
assumption
of
risk.

Public
school
or
institution
A
school
or
institution
controlled
and
operated
by
publicly
elected
or
appointed
officials
and
deriving
its
primary
support
from
public
funds.

Pupil­
teacher
ratio
The
enrollment
of
pupils
at
a
given
period
of
time,
divided
by
the
full­
time­
equivalent
number
of
classroom
teachers
serving
these
pupils
during
the
same
period.
Racial/
ethnic
group
Classification
indicating
general
racial
or
ethnic
heritage
based
on
self­
identification
as
in
data
collected
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census
or
on
observer
identification,
as
in
data
collected
by
the
Office
for
Civil
Rights.
These
categories
are
in
accordance
with
the
Office
of
Management
and
Budget
standard
classification
scheme
presented
below:

White
A
person
having
origins
in
any
of
the
original
peoples
of
Europe,
North
Africa,
or
the
Middle
East.
Normally
excludes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin
except
for
tabulations
produced
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census,
which
are
noted
accordingly
in
this
volume.

Black
A
person
having
origins
in
any
of
the
black
racial
groups
in
Africa.
Normally
excludes
persons
of
Hispanic
origin
except
for
tabulations
produced
by
the
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census,
which
are
noted
accordingly
in
this
volume.

Hispanic
A
person
of
Mexican,
Puerto
Rican,
Cuban,
Central
or
South
American,
or
other
Spanish
culture
or
origin,
regardless
of
race.

Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
A
person
having
origins
in
any
of
the
original
peoples
of
the
Far
East,
Southeast
Asia,
the
Indian
subcontinent,
or
the
Pacific
Islands.
This
area
includes,
for
example,
China,
India,
Japan,
Korea,
the
Philippine
Islands,
and
Samoa.

American
Indian
or
Alaskan
Native
A
person
having
origins
in
any
of
the
original
peoples
of
North
America
and
maintaining
cultural
identification
through
tribal
affiliation
or
community
recognition

Remedial
education
Instruction
for
a
student
lacking
those
reading,
writing,
or
math
skills
necessary
to
perform
college­
level
work
at
the
level
required
by
the
attended
institution.

Resident
population
Includes
civilian
population
and
armed
forces
personnel
residing
within
the
United
States.
Excludes
armed
forces
personnel
residing
overseas.

Revenue
All
funds
received
from
external
sources,
net
of
refunds,
and
correcting
transactions.
Noncash
transactions,
such
as
receipt
of
services,
commodities
or
other
receipts
in
kind
are
excluded,
as
are
funds
received
from
the
issuance
of
debt,
liquidation
of
investments,
and
nonroutine
sale
of
property.

Salary
The
total
amount
regularly
paid
or
stipulated
to
be
paid
to
an
individual,
before
deductions,
for
personal
services
rendered
while
on
the
payroll
of
a
business
or
organization.
550
DEFINITIONS
Sales
and
services
Revenues
derived
from
the
sales
of
goods
or
services
that
are
incidental
to
the
conduct
of
instruction,
research,
or
public
service.
Examples
include
film
rentals,
scientific
and
literary
publications,
testing
services,
university
presses,
and
dairy
products.

Sales
tax
Tax
imposed
upon
the
sale
and
consumption
of
goods
and
services.
It
can
be
imposed
either
as
a
general
tax
on
the
retail
price
of
all
goods
and
services
sold
or
as
a
tax
on
the
sale
of
selected
goods
and
services.

Scholarships
and
fellowships
This
category
of
college
expenditures
applies
only
to
money
given
in
the
form
of
outright
grants
and
trainee
stipends
to
individuals
enrolled
in
formal
coursework,
either
for
credit
or
not.
Aid
to
students
in
the
form
of
tuition
or
fee
remissions
is
included.
College
work­
study
funds
are
excluded
and
are
reported
under
the
program
in
which
the
student
is
working.
In
the
tabulations
in
this
volume,
Pell
Grants
are
not
included
in
this
expenditure
category.

Scholastic
Assessment
Test
(
SAT)
An
examination
administered
by
the
Educational
Testing
Service
and
used
to
predict
the
facility
with
which
an
individual
will
progress
in
learning
college­
level
academic
subjects.

School
A
division
of
the
school
system
consisting
of
students
in
one
or
more
grades
or
other
identifiable
groups
and
organized
to
give
instruction
of
a
defined
type.
One
school
may
share
a
building
with
another
school
or
one
school
may
be
housed
in
several
buildings.

School
administration
support
services
Includes
salary,
benefits,
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
the
office
of
the
principal,
full­
time
department
chairpersons
and
graduation
expenses.

School
climate
The
social
system
and
culture
of
the
school,
including
the
organizational
structure
of
the
school
and
values
and
expectations
within
it.

School
district
An
education
agency
at
the
local
level
that
exists
primarily
to
operate
public
schools
or
to
contract
for
public
school
services.
Synonyms
are
``
local
basic
administrative
unit''
and
``
local
education
agency.''

Science
The
body
of
related
courses
concerned
with
knowledge
of
the
physical
and
biological
world
and
with
the
processes
of
discovering
and
validating
this
knowledge.

Secondary
instructional
level
The
general
level
of
instruction
provided
for
pupils
in
secondary
schools
(
generally
covering
grades
7
through
12
or
9
through
12)
and
any
instruction
of
a
comparable
nature
and
difficulty
provided
for
adults
and
youth
beyond
the
age
of
compulsory
school
attendance.

Secondary
school
A
school
comprising
any
span
of
grades
beginning
with
the
next
grade
following
an
elementary
or
middle
school
(
usually
7,
8,
or
9)
and
ending
with
or
below
grade
12.
Both
junior
high
schools
and
senior
high
schools
are
included.

Secondary
enrollment
The
total
number
of
students
registered
in
a
school
beginning
with
the
next
grade
following
an
elementary
or
middle
school
(
usually
7,
8,
or
9)
and
ending
with
or
below
grade
12
at
a
given
time.

Senior
high
school
A
secondary
school
offering
the
final
years
of
high
school
work
necessary
for
graduation.

Serial
volumes
Publications
issued
in
successive
parts,
usually
at
regular
intervals,
and
as
a
rule,
intended
to
be
continued
indefinitely.
Serials
include
periodicals,
newspapers,
annuals,
memoirs,
proceedings
and
transactions
of
societies.

Social
studies
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
describes
the
substantive
portions
of
behavior,
past
and
present
activities,
interactions,
and
organizations
of
people
associated
together
for
religious,
benevolent,
cultural,
scientific,
political,
patriotic,
or
other
purposes.

Socioeconomic
status
(
SES)
For
the
High
School
and
Beyond
study
and
the
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
the
High
School
Class
of
1972,
the
SES
index
is
a
composite
of
five
equally
weighted,
standardized
components:
father's
education,
mother's
education,
family
income,
father's
occupation,
and
household
items.
The
terms
high,
middle,
and
low
SES
refer
to
the
upper,
middle
two,
and
lower
quartiles
of
the
weighted
SES
composite
index
distribution

Special
education
Direct
instructional
activities
or
special
learning
experiences
designed
primarily
for
students
identified
as
having
exceptionalities
in
one
or
more
aspects
of
the
cognitive
process
or
as
being
underachievers
in
relation
to
general
level
or
model
of
their
overall
abilities.
Such
services
usually
are
directed
at
students
with
the
following
conditions:
(
1)
physically
handicapped;
(
2)
emotionally
handicapped;
(
3)
culturally
different,
including
compensatory
education
(
4)
mentally
retarded;
and
(
5)
students
with
learning
disabilities.
Programs
for
the
mentally
gifted
and
talented
are
also
included
in
some
special
education
programs.
See
also
Handicapped.
551
DEFINITIONS
Standardized
test
A
test
composed
of
a
systematic
sampling
of
behavior,
administered
and
scored
according
to
specific
instructions,
capable
of
being
interpreted
in
terms
of
adequate
norms,
and
for
which
there
are
data
on
reliability
and
validity.

Standardized
test
performance
The
weighted
distributions
of
composite
scores
from
standardized
tests
used
to
group
students
according
to
performance

Standard
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area
(
SMSA)
See
Metropolitan
Statistical
Area
(
MSA).

Student
An
individual
for
whom
instruction
is
provided
in
an
educational
program
under
the
jurisdiction
of
a
school,
school
system,
or
other
education
institution.
No
distinction
is
made
between
the
terms
``
student''
and
``
pupil,''
though
``
student''
may
refer
to
one
receiving
instruction
at
any
level
while
``
pupil''
refers
only
to
one
attending
school
at
the
elementary
or
secondary
level.
A
student
may
receive
instruction
in
a
school
facility
or
in
another
location,
such
as
at
home
or
in
a
hospital.
Instruction
may
be
provided
by
direct
student­
teacher
interaction
or
by
some
other
approved
medium
such
as
television,
radio,
telephone
and
correspondence.

Student
support
services
Includes
salary,
benefits
supplies,
and
contractual
fees
for
staff
providing
attendance
and
social
work,
guidance,
health,
psychological
services,
speech
pathology,
audiology,
and
other
support
to
students.

Subject­
matter
club
Organizations
that
are
formed
around
a
shared
interest
in
a
particular
area
of
study
and
whose
primary
activities
promote
that
interest.
Examples
of
such
organizations
are
math,
science,
business,
and
history
clubs.

Supervisory
staff
Principals,
assistant
principals,
and
supervisors
of
instruction.
Does
not
include
superintendents
or
assistant
superintendents.

Tax
base
The
collective
value
of
objects,
assets,
and
income
components
against
which
a
tax
is
levied

Tax
expenditures
Losses
of
tax
revenue
attributable
to
provisions
of
the
federal
income
tax
laws
that
allow
a
special
exclusion,
exemption,
or
deduction
from
gross
income
or
provide
a
special
credit,
preferential
rate
of
tax,
or
a
deferral
of
tax
liability
affecting
individual
or
corporate
income
tax
liabilities.

Technical
education
A
program
of
vocational
instruction
that
ordinarily
includes
the
study
of
the
sciences
and
mathematics
underlying
a
technology,
as
well
as
the
methods,
skills,
and
materials
commonly
used
and
the
services
performed
in
the
technology
Technical
education
prepares
individuals
for
positions
 
such
as
draftsman
or
lab
technician
 
in
the
occupational
area
between
the
skilled
craftsman
and
the
professional
person.

Total
expenditure
per
pupil
in
average
daily
attendance
Includes
all
expenditures
allocable
to
per
pupil
costs
divided
by
average
daily
attendance.
These
allocable
expenditures
include
current
expenditures
for
regular
school
programs,
interest
on
school
debt,
and
capital
outlay.
Beginning
in
1980
 
81,
expenditures
for
state
administration
are
excluded
and
expenditures
for
other
programs
(
summer
schools,
community
colleges,
and
private
schools)
are
included

Trade
and
industrial
occupations
The
branch
of
vocational
education
which
is
concerned
with
preparing
persons
for
initial
employment
or
with
updating
or
retraining
workers
in
a
wide
range
of
trade
and
industrial
occupations.
Such
occupations
are
skilled
or
semiskilled
and
are
concerned
with
layout
designing
producing,
processing,
assembling,
testing,
maintaining,
servicing,
or
repairing
any
product
or
commodity.

Transcript
An
official
list
of
all
courses
taken
by
a
student
at
a
school
or
college
showing
the
final
grade
received
for
each
course,
with
definitions
of
the
various
grades
given
at
the
institution.

Trust
funds
Amounts
collected
and
used
by
the
federal
government
for
carrying
out
specific
purposes
and
programs
according
to
terms
of
a
trust
agreement
or
statute,
such
as
the
social
security
and
unemployment
trust
funds.
Trust
fund
receipts
that
are
not
anticipated
to
be
used
in
the
immediate
future
are
generally
invested
in
interest­
bearing
government
securities
and
earn
interest
for
the
trust
fund.

Tuition
and
fees
A
payment
or
charge
for
instruction
or
compensation
for
services,
privileges,
or
the
use
of
equipment,
books,
or
other
goods.

Unclassified
students
Students
who
are
not
candidates
for
a
degree
or
other
formal
award,
although
they
are
taking
higher
education
courses
for
credit
in
regular
classes
with
other
students.

Unadjusted
dollars
See
current
dollars.

Undergraduate
students
Students
registered
at
an
institution
of
higher
education
who
are
working
in
a
program
leading
to
a
baccalaureate
degree
or
other
formal
award
below
the
baccalaureate,
such
as
an
associate
degree.

Unemployed
Civilians
who
had
no
employment
but
were
available
for
work
and:
(
1)
had
engaged
in
any
552
DEFINITIONS
specific
job
seeking
activity
within
the
past
4
weeks;
(
2)
were
waiting
to
be
called
back
to
a
job
from
which
they
had
been
laid
off;
or
(
3)
were
waiting
to
report
to
a
new
wage
or
salary
job
within
30
days.

U.
S.
Service
Schools
These
institutions
of
higher
education
are
controlled
by
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Defense
and
the
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation.
The
10
institutions
counted
in
the
NCES
surveys
of
higher
education
institutions
include:
the
Air
Force
Institute
of
Technology,
Community
College
of
the
Air
Force,
Naval
Postgraduate
School,
Uniformed
Services
University
of
the
Health
Sciences,
U.
S.
Air
Force
Academy,
U.
S
Army
Command
and
General
Staff
College,
U.
S.
Coast
Guard
Academy,
U.
S.
Merchant
Marine
Academy,
U.
S.
Military
Academy,
and
the
U.
S.
Naval
Academy.

University
An
institution
of
higher
education
consisting
of
a
liberal
arts
college,
a
diverse
graduate
program,
and
usually
two
or
more
professional
schools
or
faculties
and
empowered
to
confer
degrees
in
various
fields
of
study.
For
purposes
of
maintaining
trend
data
in
this
publication,
the
selection
of
university
institutions
has
not
been
revised
since
1982.

Visual
and
performing
arts
A
group
of
instructional
programs
that
generally
describes
the
historic
development,
aesthetic
qualities,
and
creative
processes
of
the
visual
and
performing
arts.

Vocational
education
Organized
educational
programs
services,
and
activities
which
are
directly
related
to
the
preparation
of
individuals
for
paid
or
unpaid
employment,
or
for
additional
preparation
for
a
career,
requiring
other
than
a
baccalaureate
or
advanced
degree.

Vocational
home
economics
Vocational
courses
of
instruction
emphasizing
the
acquisition
of
competencies
needed
for
getting
and
holding
a
job
or
preparing
for
advancement
in
an
occupational
area
using
home
economics
knowledge
or
skills.
553
Index
of
Table
Numbers
A
Academic
programs
in
high
school,
140
 
143,
146
Accounting,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259
Achievement
tests.
See
Assessment
Activities
elementary
school,
144
college
faculty,
233,
234
high
school,
145,
146
kindergarten,
47,
144
young
adults,
391
Additions
to
plant
value,
higher
education,
355
Administration
expenditures
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
160,
162
 
165
institutions
of
higher
education,
341,
343,
345
 
347,
349
 
351
Administrative
units
(
school
districts),
89
 
94
Admissions,
312
Adult
basic
education,
360
Adult
education
participants
in,
358,
359
Adult
and
vocational
education,
213,
252
 
254,
358,
359,
361
Federal
funds
for,
364,
366,
368
Affiliation,
religious
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
59
 
62,
145
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
Age
enrollment,
6,
7
for
compulsory
school
attendance,
151
of
college
students,
174
 
174,
187,
212,
213
Agriculture
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
280
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
formal
awards,
organized
occupational
curricula,
252
 
254
units
earned
by
high
school
graduates,
141
Alcohol
use
by
students
or
adults,
147
 
150,
379
All
levels
of
education,
1
 
35
American
Indians
activities,
145
attendance
patterns,
152
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
12,
220,
265
 
279,
302
 
308,
310
dropouts,
105
educational
attainment,
12
enrolled
in
colleges
and
universities,
207
 
212,
220,
320
enrolled
in
public
schools,
42,
98
financial
aid,
320,
321
high
school
graduates,
105
testing,
116,
118,
121,
126,
132,
134
Annual
expenditure
per
pupil,
public
schools,
36,
89,
94,
167
 
169,
414
Annual
salary.
See
Salaries.
Applications,
college,
186
Applied
research
funds,
341,
343,
345
 
347,
349
 
351,
362,
364,
370,
372
Architecture
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
281
enrollment,
higher
education,
213
Area
studies,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Art,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
301
Asian
or
Pacific
Islander
activities,
145,
146
attendance
patterns,
152
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
12,
265
 
279,
302
 
308,
310
dropouts,
105
educational
attainment,
12
enrolled
in
colleges
and
universities,
207
 
212,
314,
320
enrolled
in
public
schools,
42,
98
financial
aid,
320,
321
high
school
graduates,
105
testing,
116,
118,
121,
123,
126,
132,
133,
134
Assessment
American
College
Testing,
138
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
international,
398
 
410
minimum­
competency,
155
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
112
 
133
Scholastic
Assessment
Test,
134
 
137
Associate
degrees,
9,
11,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
254,
260
 
262,
265
 
267,
310,
314
Athletics,
participation
in
school
activities,
145,
146
Attendance
patterns,
152
Attitudes
about
education,
22
 
27,
70,
73,
74
life
values,
378
554
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
Attrition,
college
student,
310,
314
Auxiliary
enterprises,
higher
education,
330
 
336,
338,
341,
342,
344
 
347
Average
daily
attendance,
36,
41,
51
Average
daily
membership,
36
Average
length
of
school
year,
36,
129
B
Bachelor's
degrees,
9
 
14,
170,
172,
217
 
222,
247
 
251,
255,
258
 
262,
268
 
270,
280
 
301,
310,
311,
314
Basic
administrative
units,
89
 
94
Basic
student
charges,
higher
education,
316
 
319
Behavior,
student,
73,
74,
144
 
150,
152
Benefits
expenditure,
165,
166
Biological
sciences
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
credits
earned
by
high
school
graduates,
140,
142
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
282,
283,
302,
306,
311
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty,
235
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
Blacks
activities,
145,
146
adult
education,
358,
359
attendance
patterns,
152
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
9,
10,
12,
221,
222,
265
 
279,
302
 
308,
310
dropouts,
105,
108,
109,
385
drug
use,
147
educational
attainment,
8
 
10,
12
enrolled
in
colleges
and
universities,
184,
187,
207
 
212,
221,
222,
314,
320,
384
enrolled
in
public
schools,
42,
98
enrolled
in
school,
7
family
characteristics,
19
financial
aid,
320,
321
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
221
 
223
labor
force
participation,
379,
384,
385
literacy,
392
parental
involvement
in
school
activities,
26
persistence
in
higher
education,
310,
314
population,
16
poverty
status,
21
testing,
112,
115
 
119,
121
 
126,
130
 
134
unemployment
rate,
381,
384,
385
years
of
school
completed,
8
 
10,
12
Black
colleges,
221
 
223
Board
rates,
316
 
318
Business
and
management
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
credits
earned
by
high
school
graduates,
141
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
284,
302,
311
enrollment,
higher
education,
213
faculty
in
higher
education,
234,
236
vocational
programs,
252
 
254
C
Cable
television,
420
Capital
outlay
higher
education,
32,
355
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
32,
36,
162
 
165
Carnegie
classification
of
colleges,
335,
341
Catholic
schools
achievement
test
scores,
132
elementary
and
secondary,
59
 
62
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
participation
in
extracurricular
activities,
145
student
attendance
patterns,
152
Center­
based
programs
for
preschool,
38,
39,
43
 
46,
50,
144
Chapter
1
(
Title
1),
88,
364,
366,
368,
369,
376
Cheerleading,
participation
in
school
activities,
146
Chemical
engineering,
258,
259,
289
Chemistry,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
296
Chemistry,
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
Child
care,
44
 
46
Church
affiliation
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
59
 
62,
145,
152
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
City
school
systems,
88,
92
 
94,
150,
375,
376
Civil
engineering,
258,
259,
289
Class
rank,
136
Classrooms,
number
of,
421
Class
size,
69,
70,
233,
234
Classroom
teachers
attitudes
about
schools,
73,
74,
150
characteristics
of
private
school
teachers,
68
characteristics
of
public
school
teachers,
68
 
70,
72
mobility,
75
opinions
about
teaching,
73,
74
private
schools,
4,
60,
62
 
65,
68,
75,
76
public
schools,
4,
36,
64
 
79,
82
 
85,
88,
92
salaries
of
private
school
teachers,
76
salaries
of
public
school
teachers,
76
 
79
satisfaction
with
teaching,
26,
70,
73,
74
teaching
assignments,
71,
72
Climate
in
schools,
73,
74,
146
Closing
of
institutions
of
higher
education,
247
Clubs,
participation
in
school
activities,
146
College
faculty.
See
Faculty,
higher
education.
College
and
university
education,
170
 
357
College
plans
and
applications,
145,
186
Communications
555
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
285
enrollment,
213
faculty,
235
Competency
testing
students,
129,
155
teachers,
156
Compulsory
attendance,
age
for,
151
Computer
and
information
sciences
courses
taken
by
high
school
graduates,
140
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
250,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
287,
311
enrollment
in
college,
213,
214
faculty,
235
Computers,
use
of,
420,
421,
426
 
430
Consumer
Price
Index,
35
Courses
completed
by
college
graduates,
311
Courses
completed
by
high
school
graduates,
140
 
143
Current
expenditures
higher
education,
171,
217
 
221,
341
 
347,
352,
354
public
schools,
36,
88,
92,
161
 
165
Current­
fund
revenues
in
higher
education,
171,
217
 
221,
328,
330
 
340
D
Daily
attendance
as
a
percent
of
enrollment,
36
Day
care,
44
 
46
Degrees,
earned
associate,
9,
11,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
254,
260
 
262,
265
 
267
bachelor's
and
higher,
9
 
14,
170,
172,
217
 
222,
247
 
251,
255
 
311,
314
by
race,
9,
10,
12,
219,
221,
265
 
279,
302
 
308
by
sex,
9,
10,
170,
171,
221,
247,
252
 
254,
258,
259,
263
 
282,
284
 
288,
290,
291,
293
 
295,
297
 
299,
301
 
308
first­
professional,
9,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
249,
251,
260,
263,
264,
277
 
279
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
219
historical
summary,
171,
247,
260
historically
black
colleges,
221,
222
international
comparison,
411
 
413
large
institutions
of
higher
education,
217
major
field
of
study,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
278
 
308
number
of
institutions,
by
field,
262,
263
tribally­
controlled
institutions,
220
Denominational
affiliation
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
59
 
62,
145,
146,
152
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
Dentistry
degrees
conferred,
10,
263,
264,
278,
279
dental
assisting,
awards
in,
252
 
254
enrollment,
higher
education,
213
Department
of
Education
outlays,
363
 
371
For
other
Departments,
see
Federal
funds.
Disabled,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
Discipline
problems,
23,
73,
74,
147,
150
Disposable
personal
income,
34
Districts,
school,
89
 
93
Doctor's
degrees,
9,
11,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
249,
251,
258
 
262,
274
 
276,
280
 
309
Dormitory
rooms,
charges
for,
316
 
318
Dramatic
arts,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Dropouts
(
high
school),
105
employment
and
unemployment,
379,
381,
383,
385
income
of,
382,
383
number,
385
percent,
by
age
group,
8,
9,
11
 
14,
108,
109
Dropouts
(
college),
310,
314
Drug
abuse,
23,
73,
147
 
150,
377
E
Earned
degrees.
See
Degrees,
earned.
Earnings
by
years
of
school
completed,
382,
383,
390
Earnings
of
recent
college
graduates,
390
Economics,
degrees
conferred,
10,
258,
259,
300
faculty,
235
Education
adult,
358
 
360
all
levels,
1
 
35
bilingual,
58,
364,
366,
368
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred
in
education,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
287,
302,
303,
311
elementary
and
secondary,
36
 
169
enrollment,
higher
education,
1
 
3,
170
 
223
faculty
in
higher
education,
224
 
243
federal
programs,
362
 
376
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
handicapped
students,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
higher,
170
 
361
international,
393
 
416
outcomes,
8
 
14,
103
 
143,
247
 
315,
377
 
392,
398
 
413
price
indexes,
35
statistics
related
to,
377
 
392
structure,
(
figure
1)
vocational,
58,
71,
72,
140,
141,
252
 
254,
358,
360,
364,
366,
368
Education
in
the
U.
S.,
structure
of,
(
figure
1)
Educational
administration
and
supervision,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Educational
attainment,
8
 
14
Educational
attainment
in
the
work
force,
379
 
383
Electrical
engineering,
258,
259,
289
556
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
Elementary
and
secondary
education,
1
 
5,
29,
30,
32,
33,
36
 
169
Elementary
education,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Elementary
schools,
number
private,
5,
59,
61
 
63,
89
public,
5,
89,
95
 
102
Employees
colleges,
224
 
227
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
60
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
82
 
86
Employment
college
graduates,
379
 
381,
383,
387
 
389
handicapped
students,
111
high
school
dropouts,
379
 
381,
383,
385
high
school
graduates,
379
 
381,
383,
384
high
school
seniors,
386
Endowment
funds,
171,
356,
357
Endowment
funds,
revenue
from,
330
 
336,
338
Engineering
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
10,
250,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
288,
289,
302,
304,
311
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
graduates,
organized
occupational
curricula,
252
 
254,
266,
267
English
credits
earned
by
high
school
graduates,
140,
143
enrollment
in
higher
education,
213
faculty,
235
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
290
requirements
for
graduation,
153
teachers,
public
high
schools,
71
Enrollment
adult
basic
education,
360
adult
education,
358
 
360
affiliation,
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
59,
61,
62
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
ages,
6,
7,
174
 
176,
187,
213,
320,
358,
359
all
levels
of
education,
1
 
3,
6,
7
by
grade,
38
 
40
by
grade
span
of
school,
96
by
race,
7,
42,
59,
180,
184,
207
 
211,
219
 
221,
358,
359,
384
by
sex,
6,
7,
170
 
172,
174,
175,
177
 
180,
182,
183,
185,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
208,
212,
217,
221,
358,
359,
384
elementary
and
secondary
private,
1
 
3,
43,
56,
58,
59,
61
 
63
public,
1
 
3,
36
 
43,
51,
55
 
57,
67,
86,
88,
90,
92,
94,
96
total,
1
 
3
elementary
schools
private,
2,
3,
55,
61,
62
public,
2,
3,
36
 
40,
58,
96
total,
1
 
3
engineering,
213,
214
exceptional
children,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
foreign
languages,
public
secondary
schools,
57
foreign
students
in
American
colleges,
207
 
211,
416
handicapped,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
higher
education
affiliation,
180
age,
174
 
176,
187,
213,
358,
359
disabled,
111,
212
engineering,
213,
214
first­
professional,
2,
175,
177,
178,
190,
198
 
200,
208
four­
year
colleges,
170,
173,
176
 
179,
182,
197,
199
 
201,
206,
207,
210,
213
 
223,
314
freshmen,
182
 
185,
204
 
206
full­
time,
172,
174
 
183,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
216,
221
full­
time­
equivalent,
201
 
203,
217
graduate,
2,
175,
177,
189,
198
 
200,
208,
213,
214,
217
 
222,
325,
326
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
221
 
223
large
institutions
of
higher
education,
215
 
217
major
field
of
study,
213,
214
minority,
184,
186,
187,
207
 
212,
219
 
222
part­
time,
172,
174
 
183,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
217,
221
private
institutions,
2,
3,
170,
172,
173,
176
 
183,
188
 
190,
193,
196,
197,
199
 
203,
207,
210,
213
 
223
public
institutions,
2,
3,
170,
172,
173,
176
 
183,
188
 
190,
192,
195,
197,
199
 
203,
207,
210,
213
 
223
race,
184,
187,
207
 
212,
219
 
222
rate,
6,
7,
180
 
183,
304,
310,
384,
393,
394
sex,
170
 
172,
174,
175,
177
 
183,
185,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
208,
212,
218,
219,
221
total,
1
 
3,
170
 
180,
191
 
200,
207
 
211,
213,
215
 
223
traditionally
black
colleges,
221
 
223
two­
year
colleges,
170,
173,
176
 
179,
182,
197,
199
 
202,
206,
207,
210,
213,
215
 
223,
312
 
314
type
of
institution,
171,
174,
177
 
179,
182,
197,
199
 
202,
206,
207,
210,
214
 
224,
309
 
311
undergraduate,
2,
175,
177,
178,
188,
198
 
200,
208,
212
 
213,
216,
320
 
324
high
schools.
See
Secondary
schools.
international,
393
 
395
kindergarten,
38,
40,
43,
46,
47,
52,
53,
55
large
school
districts,
88,
90,
92,
94
mathematics,
higher
education,
140,
142,
213,
214
557
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
preprimary
programs,
38
 
40,
43,
45,
46,
52,
53,
55
race,
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
42
science,
140,
142,
213,
214
secondary
schools
private,
2,
3,
56,
58,
61,
62
public,
2,
3,
36
 
40,
56,
58,
96
total,
1
 
3,
56,
58
school
districts,
90,
92,
94
social
sciences,
higher
education,
213,
214
special
education
for
exceptional
children,
52
 
55,
58,
212
two­
year
colleges,
170,
173,
176
 
179,
182,
197,
199
 
202,
206,
207,
213,
215
 
223,
312
 
314
Ethnicity.
See
Spanish
origin
and
race.
Exceptional
children,
enrollment,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
Expenditures
all
schools,
29,
30
administration,
160,
164,
165,
341,
343,
345,
349
 
351
by
other
countries,
395,
414,
415
federal
government,
31,
362
 
376
governmental,
31
 
34
higher
education,
29
 
33,
171,
217
 
222,
341
 
354
instruction,
88,
93,
162
 
166,
341,
343,
345,
346,
349
 
351
libraries,
338,
339,
341,
343,
345
 
347,
349
 
351,
422
 
425
per
pupil,
public
schools,
36,
88,
93,
167
 
169
per
pupil,
by
country,
414
per
student,
higher
education,
342
 
344,
349
 
351
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
29,
30,
32,
33,
36,
88,
93,
160
 
169
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
29,
30
pupil
transportation,
51,
162,
163,
165
research,
341,
343,
345
 
347,
349
 
351,
372
state
and
local
expenditures,
31
 
34.
Also
see
Revenues.
Extracurricular
activities
participation,
47,
144,
145
F
Faculty,
higher
education
academic
rank,
229,
230
 
232,
237,
238,
241
 
243
age,
230
 
232
classes
taught,
233,
234
control
of
institution,
1,
4,
224,
228,
230
 
234,
236
 
243
employment
status,
225,
228,
230
 
235
field,
232,
235,
329
productivity,
233,
234
race/
ethnicity,
225,
229,
230
 
232,
235
salary,
230,
231,
236
 
242
sex,
171,
225,
226,
229,
230
 
232,
235,
237,
238,
243
tenure,
243
Faculty
salaries,
230,
231,
236
 
242
Families
income,
34
number,
18,
19
parental
involvement
with
school
activities,
25,
26
poverty
status,
21
with
children,
18,
19
Federally
affected
areas,
aid
to,
364,
366,
368
Federal
funds
for
education,
362
 
376
Federal
sources,
receipts
from
higher
education,
330
 
336,
338,
340
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
36,
88,
93,
157
 
160
Fees,
higher
education
students,
316
 
319
Fellowships
and
scholarships,
320
 
329,
341,
342,
344
 
347
Field
of
study
achievement
scores.
See
Tests.
characteristics
of
the
population,
10
earned
degrees,
10,
252
 
264,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
278
 
308
enrollment
in
higher
education,
213,
214
employment,
387,
388,
390
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
federal
funds
for
colleges,
371
salaries,
390
Finances.
See
Capital
outlay,
Current
expenditures,
Expenditures,
Income,
Property,
Revenues,
Salaries.
Financial
aid
to
college
students,
320
 
329
Fine
and
applied
arts
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
301
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
First­
professional
degrees,
9,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
249,
251,
260,
263,
264,
277
 
279
First­
professional
enrollment,
2,
175,
177,
178,
190,
198
 
200,
208
Freshmen,
181
 
185,
204
 
206,
208
Foreign
languages
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
291,
292
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140,
143
enrollment,
public
high
schools,
56
Foreign
students
in
American
colleges,
207
 
211,
416
Forestry,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Four­
year
institutions
enrollment,
170,
173,
177
 
179,
181,
182,
197,
199
 
202,
206,
207,
210,
213
 
223,
310,
322
 
326
faculty,
226
 
228,
230,
233,
234,
236
 
243
finance,
217
 
222,
327,
335,
336,
342
 
344,
349,
350
number,
5,
211,
239
 
241
staff,
226,
227
French
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
292
enrollment,
public
secondary
schools,
57
558
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
Full­
time
college
students,
172,
174
 
183,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
217,
221
Full­
time­
equivalent
enrollment,
201
 
203,
217
Funds,
Federal,
for
education,
31,
36,
88,
93,
157
 
160,
330
 
336,
338,
340,
362
 
376
G
GED,
106
Geography
assessment,
122,
123,
398
Geography,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Geology,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
296
German
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
292
enrollment,
public
secondary
schools,
57
Gifted
and
talented,
state
legislation,
54
Gifts
and
grants,
higher
education,
330
 
336,
338,
348
Governmental
finances,
32
 
34
Government
and
political
science,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
300
Grade
enrollment,
38
 
40
Graduate
enrollment,
2,
175,
177,
178,
189,
198
 
200,
208,
212,
213,
214,
217
 
222,
325,
326
Graduates
high
school
attainment,
8
 
14
attainment
in
the
work
force,
379
 
383
college
attendance
of,
184
 
186,
384
employment,
384
GED,
104
number,
36,
63,
92,
103
 
105,
106,
184,
185,
384
institutions
of
higher
education.
See
Degrees.
organized
occupational
curricula,
252
 
255
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
Graduation
rate,
college,
310,
314
Graduation
requirements,
153
Greek,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Gross
domestic
product,
29,
34
Gross
domestic
product
price
deflator,
35
Guidance
personnel,
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
82
 
84
Guidance
personnel,
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
60
H
Health
and
physical
education,
activities
of
high
school
students,
145,
146
Handicapped,
special
education
for
the,
52
 
55,
58,
110,
111,
212
Head
Start,
49,
364,
374
Health
professions
degrees
conferred,
250,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
293
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
High
school
graduates
attainment,
8
 
14
attainment
in
the
work
force,
379
 
383
college
attendance
of,
184
 
186,
384
employment,
384
GED,
106
number,
36,
63,
103
 
105,
184,
185,
384
private,
63,
103
public,
36,
92,
103
 
105
total,
103,
184,
185,
384
High
school
seniors
activities,
146
attendance
patterns,
152
college
applications,
186
drug
use,
149
employment,
386
enrollment,
38
 
40
High
school
students'
extracurricular
activities,
145,
146
High
schools.
See
Secondary
schools.
Higher
education,
1
 
5,
170
 
357
Higher
Education
Price
Index,
35
Hispanics
activities,
145,
146
adult
education,
358,
359
attendance
patterns,
152
courses
completed
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
9,
10,
12,
219,
265
 
279,
302
 
308
dropouts,
105,
108,
109,
385
drug
use,
147
educational
attainment,
8,
9,
12
enrolled
in
colleges
and
universities,
184,
187,
207
 
212,
219,
314,
315,
320,
384
enrolled
in
public
schools,
42,
98
enrolled
in
school,
7
family
characteristics,
19
financial
aid,
320,
321
Hispanic
serving
institutions,
219
labor
force
participation,
379,
384,
385
literacy,
392
parental
involvement
in
school
activities,
25,
26
persistence
in
higher
education,
310,
314
population,
16
poverty,
21
testing,
112,
115
 
119,
121
 
126,
130
 
134
unemployment
rate,
381,
384,
385
years
of
school
completed,
8,
9,
12
Historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
221
 
223
Historical
summary
statistics
enrollment,
all
levels,
3
higher
education,
170
public
schools,
36
History,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
300
559
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
faculty,
235
testing,
121,
122,
133
Home
activities,
47,
114,
116,
124,
129,
144,
145,
146,
404,
427,
429,
430
Home
computers,
427,
429,
430
Home
economics
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
141
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
graduates,
organized
occupational
curricula,
252
 
254
Homework,
114,
129,
399,
401,
403,
405,
406
Hospitals,
university,
330
 
336,
338,
341,
342,
344
 
347
Household
income,
20
Humanities
degrees
conferred,
10,
250,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
290
 
292,
299
 
302,
305,
308
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
I
Illiteracy,
392.
Also
see
Educational
attainment.
Income
by
years
of
school
completed,
382,
383
graduates,
382,
383,
390
higher
education
institutions,
171,
217
 
222,
327,
330
 
340
personal,
34
public
schools,
36,
88,
92,
157
 
160
Institutions
of
higher
education
by
control,
5,
171,
180,
215
 
220,
222,
244
 
246,
262,
263
by
denominational
affiliation,
180
by
size
of
enrollment,
215,
216
by
type,
5,
215
 
220,
222,
244
 
246
closing,
246
conferring
most
doctor's
degrees,
309
enrolling
largest
numbers
of
students,
216,
217
historically
black,
221
 
223
offering
remedial
instruction,
313
receiving
most
federal
funds,
343
traditionally
black,
221
 
223
with
large
endowments,
357
with
large
libraries,
423
Instruction
practices,
higher
education,
233,
234
Instruction
expenditures,
88,
93,
162
 
166,
341
 
347,
349
 
351
Instructional
rooms,
number
of,
421
Instructional
staff,
elementary
and
secondary
schools
private,
60,
62
public,
36,
80
 
84
Interest
on
school
debt,
36,
164,
162,
163,
165
International
educational
comparisons,
393
 
416
Internet
access,
418,
419,
421,
426
 
429
Italian
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
enrollment,
public
secondary
schools,
55
J
Journalism,
degrees
conferred,
10,
258,
259
Junior
colleges
faculty,
226
 
228,
230,
231,
233,
234,
237
 
240,
243
finance,
217
 
222,
327,
335,
336,
343,
345,
351
number,
5,
211,
239
 
241
staff,
226,
227
enrollment,
170,
171,
173
 
175,
177,
178,
193,
195
 
198,
202,
203,
205,
209,
211
 
214,
310,
322
 
324
number,
5,
211,
239
 
241
Junior
high
schools,
95,
101
Junior­
senior
high
schools,
5,
95,
96,
99,
101
K
Kindergarten
activities,
47,
144
enrollment,
38
 
40,
43,
46,
54,
55,
144
readiness,
49
L
Labor
force
status
by
educational
attainment,
379
 
381,
384
 
389
disabled
persons
exiting
the
education
system,
110,
111
recent
college
graduates,
387
 
389
recent
high
school
dropouts,
385
recent
high
school
graduates,
384
Latin
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
enrollment,
public
secondary
schools,
57
Law
first­
professional
degrees
conferred,
263,
264,
278,
279
enrollment,
207
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Letters,
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
290
Level
of
school
completed,
8
 
14
Librarians
higher
education
institutions,
422,
423
public,
424
private
schools,
60,
417
public
schools,
82
 
84,
417
 
419
Libraries
college
and
university,
422,
423
large
university,
423
private
school,
417
public,
424,
425
public
school,
417
 
420
technology
use,
417
 
421
Library
expenditures
560
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
college
and
university,
341,
342,
344
 
347,
349
 
351,
422,
423
public,
424,
425
Library
science,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Life
sciences
courses
completed
by
high
school
graduates,
140,
142
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
282,
283,
302,
306
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty,
235
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
Life
values,
378
Literacy,
392,
409,
410
Literature,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
290
Literature,
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
Local
basic
administrative
units,
89
 
94
Local
public
school
systems
with
largest
enrollments,
92
 
94
Local
sources,
receipts
from
higher
education,
32,
33,
330
 
336,
338
 
350
public
schools,
32,
33,
36,
88,
93,
157
 
159
Lunch,
school
program,
162,
163,
165,
364,
373,
375
M
Major
field
of
study
earned
degrees,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
278
 
308
enrollment
in
higher
education,
213,
214
federal
obligations
to
colleges,
371
Master's
degrees,
9,
11,
170,
171,
217
 
222,
247
 
251,
256,
258
 
262,
271
 
273,
280
 
301
Mathematics
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
127,
140,
142
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
294,
311
enrollment,
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty,
235
testing,
124
 
129,
134
 
138,
315,
399,
400,
403
 
405,
407
Medical
laboratory
technologies,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
254
Medicine
degrees
conferred,
10,
258,
259
first­
professional
degrees,
263,
264,
278,
279
enrollment,
213,
214
Membership,
public
schools,
36.
Also
see
Enrollment.
Mentally
retarded,
special
education,
52,
53,
110,
111
Metropolitan
area,
internet
access,
421
participation
in
federal
programs,
375,
376
public
school
statistics,
88
testing,
112,
119
years
of
school
completed,
14
Microcomputers,
use
of,
417
 
419,
426
 
430
Middle
schools,
number,
95,
100
Migration
of
college
students,
204
 
206
Military
sciences,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Minimum­
competency
testing
for
students,
128,
155
Minimum­
competency
testing
for
teachers,
156
Minorities
college
graduation
rates,
310,
314
degrees
conferred,
219
 
221,
265
 
279,
302
 
308,
310
educational
attainment,
8
 
10,
12
enrolled
in
colleges,
184,
185,
187,
207
 
212,
216
enrolled
in
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
42
enrolled
in
school,
7
high
school
courses
taken,
140
 
143
high
school
dropouts,
108,
109,
385
high
school
graduates,
184,
384
testing,
112,
115
 
119,
121
 
126,
130
 
134
Mobility
of
teachers,
75
Music,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Music
education,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Music,
participation
in
high
school
activities,
145,
146
N
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
art,
133
geography,
122,
123
history,
121,
122
international
geography,
398
international
reading
literacy,
409,
410
mathematics,
124
 
128
music,
133
reading,
112
 
116
science,
130
 
132
theatre,
133
visual
arts,
133
writing,
119,
120
Natural
science
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140,
142,
143
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
Nonprofit
higher
education
institutions
enrollment,
170,
172,
179,
180,
197,
210,
217
 
222
degrees,
170,
217
finances,
217
 
222,
333,
354
institutions,
180,
210,
215
staff,
170
Nonpublic
schools.
See
Private
schools.
Nursery
school,
38,
39,
43
 
46,
49,
144
Nursing,
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
254,
258,
259
561
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
O
Occupational
programs
(
higher
education)
awards,
252
 
254
enrollment,
213
schools
offering,
5
Occupational
programs
(
secondary),
141
Occupation
and
employment
college
graduates,
379
 
383,
387
 
390
high
school
graduates,
110,
111,
379
 
384
high
school
seniors,
386
school
dropouts,
379
 
383,
385
Office
occupations
(
vocational)
credits,
141
One­
teacher
schools,
public,
89,
95
Operation
and
maintenance
expenditures
elementary
and
secondary,
88,
162
 
165
higher
education,
341,
342,
344
 
347,
349
 
351
Opinions
on
education
average
grade
for
schools,
22
opinions
about
school
climate,
73,
74
opinions
about
schools,
22
 
26,
70,
73,
74
perception
about
student
behavior,
73,
150
problems
in
schools,
23,
73,
74,
147,
150
school
choice,
24
teachers'
attitudes,
70,
73,
74
Organized
occupational
curricula,
formal
awards
based
on,
252
 
254
Outcomes
of
education,
377
 
392.
Also
see
Degrees
and
Graduates.

P
Parental
involvement,
23,
25,
26,
73,
74,
144
Part­
time
college
students,
172,
174
 
183,
188
 
190,
194
 
196,
217
 
221
Pell
grants,
finance,
329,
364,
366,
368
Pell
grants,
received
by
students,
325
Per
capita
personal
income,
34
Per
pupil
cost
of
transportation,
51
Per
pupil
expenditures,
36,
88,
93,
167
 
169,
415
Per
student
expenditures
(
higher
education),
341,
343,
349
 
351
Persistence
in
higher
education,
310,
314
Personal
income,
34
Pharmacy,
degrees
conferred,
10,
258,
259,
264,
278,
279
Philosophy
and
religion,
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Physical
education,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Physical
plant
additions,
355
Physical
plant,
higher
education,
value
of,
171,
356
Physical
sciences
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140,
142,
143
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
295,
296,
302,
307,
311
enrollment
in
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty,
235
Physics,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
296
Plant
value,
higher
education,
171,
356
Preschool
education,
38,
39,
43,
46,
49,
144
Political
science
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
300
faculty,
235
Population
by
continent,
395
by
country,
396
by
years
of
school
completed,
8
 
14
percent
enrolled
in
school,
6,
7
poverty,
20,
21
school­
age,
15
 
17
total,
15,
17,
34,
36
Postsecondary
education,
5,
170
 
361.
Also
see
Higher
education.
Poverty,
20,
21
Preprimary
programs,
enrollment
in,
38
 
40,
43,
46,
49,
52,
53,
55
Price
indexes,
35
Principals,
private
schools,
60,
87
Principals,
public
schools,
82
 
84,
87
Private
elementary
and
secondary
schools
college
application
rates,
186
enrollment,
1
 
3,
43,
56,
58,
59,
61
 
63
expenditures,
30
graduates,
63,
103
libraries,
417
mobility
of
teachers,
75
number,
5,
59,
61,
63,
89
opinions
of
teachers,
73,
74
principals,
60,
87
pupils
per
teacher,
60,
64,
65
salaries
of
teachers,
76
staff,
1,
60
teachers,
1,
4,
60,
62
 
65,
68,
75,
76
Private
gifts
and
grants,
higher
education,
330
 
336,
338,
348
Private
institutions
of
higher
education
degrees
conferred,
170,
248,
249,
260
 
263
endowment,
357
enrollment,
2,
3,
170,
172,
173,
176
 
183,
188
 
190,
193,
196,
197,
199
 
203,
207,
210,
213
 
222,
323
 
326
expenditures,
30,
342
 
344,
347,
354
faculty
number,
4,
224
 
228,
230,
231,
236,
238
faculty
salaries,
234,
236
 
242
faculty
tenure,
243
financial
aid,
322
 
328
number,
5,
180,
210,
215,
244
 
246,
262,
263
opinions,
27
physical
plant
additions,
355
562
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
revenues,
328,
332,
335,
336,
339
student
charges,
316
 
318
Professional
degrees.
See
Degrees
and
Firstprofessional
degrees.
Property,
higher
education,
value
of,
171,
356,
357
Protective
services,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Protestant
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
Psychology
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
297,
311
enrollment,
213,
214
faculty,
235
Public
affairs,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
298
Public
elementary
and
secondary
schools
districts,
89
 
93
college
application
rates,
186
enrollment,
1
 
3,
36
 
43,
51,
56,
58,
67,
86,
88,
90,
93
 
95
expenditures,
30,
32,
33,
36,
88,
93,
161
 
169
finance,
31
 
33
graduates,
92,
103
 
105
graduation
requirements,
153
instructional
staff,
36,
82
 
84
librarians,
82
 
84
libraries,
417
 
419
minimum­
competency
testing,
129,
155,
156
number,
5,
88,
89,
92,
95
 
102
principals,
82
 
84,
87
revenue
receipts,
36,
88,
93,
157
 
159
teachers,
1,
4,
36,
64
 
70,
82
 
85,
88,
92
telecommunications
use,
417
 
421
Public
institutions
of
higher
education
degrees
conferred,
170,
248,
249,
255
 
263
endowment,
357
enrollment,
2,
3,
170,
172,
173,
176
 
183,
188
 
190,
193,
196,
197,
199
 
203,
207,
210,
215
 
223,
323
 
326
expenditures,
30,
342,
343,
346,
349
 
351,
352,
353
faculty
number,
4,
224
 
228,
230,
231,
233,
234,
238
faculty
salaries,
230,
236
 
242
faculty
tenure,
243
financial
aid,
322
 
328
number,
5,
180,
210,
215,
244
 
246,
262,
263
opinions,
27
physical
plant
additions,
355
revenues,
328,
331,
335
 
339
student
charges,
316
 
319
Public
opinions
on
schools,
22
 
24,
27,
70,
73,
74,
76
Public
school
systems,
89
 
94
Pupils.
See
Enrollment.
Pupil/
staff
ratio,
60,
82,
86
Pupil/
teacher
ratio,
60,
64,
65,
67,
82,
88,
91
Pupil,
expenditure
per,
36,
88,
92,
167,
169,
414
Pupils
transported
at
public
expense,
51
R
Race
adult
education,
358,
359
college
faculty,
225,
229
 
232,
236
college
graduation
rates,
310,
314
courses
completed
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
9,
10,
12,
218
 
221,
265
 
279,
301
 
308,
310,
313,
318
enrolled
in
college,
184,
187,
207
 
212,
218
 
222
enrolled
in
preprimary
education,
43,
49
enrolled
in
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
42
enrolled
in
school,
7
going
to
college,
184,
186,
187,
384
high
school
dropouts,
8
 
10,
12,
109,
110,
385
high
school
graduates,
8
 
10,
12,
184,
384
high
school
program,
138,
139
labor
force
participation,
379,
384,
385
literacy,
392
parental
involvement
in
education,
25,
26
persistence
in
higher
education,
310,
313
population,
16
poverty,
21
testing,
112,
115,
116,
119,
122
 
126,
130
 
134
unemployment,
381,
384,
385
years
of
school
completed,
8
 
10,
12
Readiness
for
school,
45
Reading
tests,
112
 
118,
134
 
139,
409,
410
Receipts.
See
Revenue.
Regular
4­
year
high
schools,
95,
101
Religion
degrees
conferred,
10,
258,
259.
Also
see
Philosophy
and
religion.
Religious
affiliation
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
59
 
62,
145
institutions
of
higher
education,
180
Remedial
instruction,
57,
313
Research
funds,
341
 
347,
349
 
351,
362,
364,
365,
370,
372
Residence
and
migration
of
college
students,
204
 
206
Resident
population,
15
 
17,
36
Retention
rates
in
higher
education,
310,
314
Revenues,
institutions
of
higher
education,
171,
328,
330
 
339
Revenues,
receipts,
public
schools,
36,
88,
93,
157
 
160
Room
charges,
316
 
318
Russian
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
enrollment,
public
secondary
schools,
57
S
Salaries
higher
education
563
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
bachelor's
degree
recipients,
382,
383,
390
faculty,
230,
231,
236
 
242
library
expenditures
for,
422,
423
private
school
teachers,
76
public
schools
outlays,
165,
166
teachers,
76
 
81
total
instructional
staff,
36,
80,
81
Scholarships
and
fellowships,
326,
327,
329,
341,
344
 
347,
349
 
351
Scholastic
Assessment
Test,
134
 
137
School­
age
population,
16,
17,
36
School
assistance
in
federally
affected
areas,
88,
364,
366,
368
School
districts,
89
 
94
School
lunch
program,
364,
373,
375,
420
School
readiness,
49,
64,
65
School
systems,
89
 
94
School
year,
length,
36,
129,
151,
399
School
years
completed,
8
 
14
Schools
climate,
73,
74
elementary
and
secondary
private,
5,
59,
61,
63,
89
public,
5,
88,
89,
92,
95
 
102
higher
education,
5,
171,
180,
210,
215,
244
 
246,
262,
263
noncollegiate
postsecondary,
361
Science
courses
taken
by
college
graduates,
311
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140,
142,
143
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
282,
283,
299,
306
 
308,
311
enrollment
in
higher
education,
213,
214
faculty
in
higher
education,
232,
235,
236
testing,
126,
127,
129,
131,
135,
309,
401,
402,
406
Secondary
schools
private,
5,
59,
61,
62,
89
public
junior
high,
95,
102
total,
5,
89,
95
 
99,
101,
102
Secondary
school
teachers,
public,
by
field,
71,
72
Senior
high
schools,
95,
101
Size
of
enrollment
institutions
of
higher
education,
215
largest
colleges,
216,
217
largest
school
districts,
92
 
94
school
districts,
90
schools,
96,
418
Social
sciences
credits
earned
by
college
graduates,
311
degrees
conferred,
10,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
299,
300,
308,
311
enrollment,
higher
education,
211,
212
faculty
in
higher
education,
227,
233,
234
Social
work,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Sociology
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
300
faculty,
235
Software,
use
of,
428,
429
Spanish
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
292
enrollment,
public
high
schools,
57
Spanish
origin.
See
Hispanic.
Special
education
completions,
110,
111
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
enrollment,
52
 
55,
58,
212
Speech,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Sports,
participation
in
school
activities,
145,
146
Staff.
See
Faculty,
Classroom
teachers,
Instructional.
Staff,
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
1,
59
public
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
1,
36,
82
 
86,
160
all
schools,
1
pupil/
staff
ratio,
60,
82,
86
State
adult
basic
education,
360
assessment,
116,
127
 
129,
132,
137
class
size,
69
compulsory
school
attendance,
151
degrees
conferred,
248
 
251
Department
of
Agriculture
obligations,
373
Department
of
Education
obligations,
366
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
allocations,
374
educational
attainment,
11
 
14
enrollment
in
higher
education,
183,
191
 
200,
202
 
206,
211
enrollment
in
private
schools,
63
enrollment
in
public
schools,
37
 
39,
41,
42,
67,
86
expenditure
per
pupil,
167
 
169
expenditures
for
public
higher
education,
352,
353
expenditures
for
public
schools,
161
 
166
federal
obligations
to
colleges,
368,
372
governmental
expenditures,
32,
33
graduation
requirements,
153
Head
Start
allocations,
374
high
school
graduates,
private,
63
high
school
graduates,
public,
104,
105
homework,
129
household
income,
20
instruction
expenditures,
162,
163,
166
mathematics,
127
 
129
minimum­
competency
testing,
129,
155
number
of
institutions
of
higher
education,
245
number
of
noncollegiate
institutions,
361
number
of
public
schools,
99
 
101
number
of
school
districts,
91
564
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
population,
17
poverty,
20
proficiency
in
mathematics,
127
 
129
proficiency
in
reading,
116
proficiency
in
science,
132
pupil/
teacher
ratio,
67
residence
and
migration
of
college
students,
204
 
206
revenues
for
higher
education,
337
 
339
revenues
for
public
schools,
158
 
160
salaries,
public
instructional
staff,
80
salaries,
public
school
teachers,
78,
79
salaries,
higher
education
faculty,
239
 
242
Scholastic
Assessment
Test,
137
staff,
public
schools,
83
 
86,
160
state
education
agencies,
160
state
regulations,
54,
151,
153
 
156
state
student
financial
aid,
329
teachers,
private
schools,
63
teachers,
public
schools,
66,
67,
83
 
85
teachers,
characteristics
of
public
school,
69
television
watching,
118,
131
testing,
116,
127
 
129,
132,
137
tuition
and
fees
in
higher
education,
317
years
of
school
completed,
11
 
14
State
governments,
receipts
from
higher
education,
330
 
339
public
schools,
157
 
159
Statistics,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259
Statistics
related
to
American
education,
377
 
392
Structure
of
education
in
the
U.
S.,
figure
1
Student
fees,
higher
education,
316
 
319
private
elementary
and
secondary,
61
Student
loan
(
Federal)
program,
320
 
326,
362,
364,
366
Students.
See
Enrollment.
Students
receiving
financial
aid,
320
 
326
Supplies
expenditure,
165,
166
T
Teachers
all
levels
of
education,
1,
4
elementary
and
secondary
schools
by
field,
71
by
sex,
36,
68,
70
characteristics,
68
 
72,
75
large
districts,
92
opinions,
47,
70,
72,
73,
150
private,
1,
4,
60,
62
 
65,
68,
73
 
76
pupil/
teacher
ratio,
60,
64,
65,
67,
82,
88,
92
public,
1,
4,
37,
64
 
79,
82
 
85,
88,
92
salaries,
76,
77
 
79
higher
education
instructional
staff
number,
4,
224
 
236
salaries,
230,
231,
236
 
242
tenure,
243
Technology,
use
of,
417
 
421,
426
 
430
Technical
education,
enrollment,
213,
358,
359
Technical
programs,
degrees,
252
 
254
Telecommunications,
417
 
421,
426
 
429
Television,
118,
124,
129,
144,
145,
404,
417
 
419
Tenure
of
higher
education
faculty,
243
Tests
American
College
Testing,
138
Graduate
Record
Examination,
315
international,
398
 
410
minimum
 
competency,
129,
153,
155
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress,
112
 
133
Scholastic
Assessment
Test,
134
 
136
Theology,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276
Total
expenditures.
See
Expenditures.
Trade
and
industry
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140,
141
Traditionally
black
colleges,
221
 
223
Transportation
of
public
school
pupils,
51,
161,
162,
164,
165
Tribal
colleges,
220
Tuition
and
fees,
higher
education,
316
 
319
Tuition,
private
elementary
and
secondary
schools,
61
Tuition
revenues,
higher
education,
328,
330
 
336,
338
Two­
year
institutions
enrollment,
170,
173,
176
 
179,
181,
182,
197,
199
 
202,
207,
210,
213,
215,
217
 
223,
320
 
324
faculty,
224
 
228,
230,
231,
233,
234,
237
 
241
finance,
217
 
222,
328,
335,
336,
342
 
344,
351
number,
5,
210,
215,
244
 
246
staff,
225,
226
U
Undergraduate
enrollment,
2,
175,
177,
178,
181,
188,
198
 
200,
208,
209,
212
 
213,
217,
320
 
324
Unemployment,
44,
381,
384,
385,
388
U.
S.
education,
structure
of,
(
figure
1)
Universities
enrollment,
173,
210,
215
finances,
335,
336,
342,
344,
349
number,
210,
215,
245
V
Value
of
physical
plant,
higher
education,
171,
354
 
357
Value
of
endowment
funds,
higher
education,
171,
356,
357
Value
of
property,
higher
education,
171,
356
Values,
life,
378
Veterinary
medicine
degrees
conferred,
264,
278,
279
enrollment
for
professional
degrees,
214
565
INDEX
OF
TABLE
NUMBERS
Violence,
student
exposure
to,
23,
73,
147,
150
Visual
and
performing
arts,
degrees
conferred,
252
 
259,
261,
262,
266,
267,
269,
270,
272,
273,
275,
276,
301
Vocational
education
awards,
170,
252
 
254
credits
earned
by
high
school
students,
140,
141
enrollment,
170,
358,
359
federal
funds,
364,
366,
368
institutions
offering,
361
teachers,
68
Volumes
college
and
university
libraries,
422,
423
public
libraries,
424,
425
private
school
libraries,
417
public
school
libraries,
417
 
419
Voluntary
support
for
education,
28,
348
W
Wages.
See
Income.
Whites
activities,
145,
146
adult
education,
358,
359
attendance
patterns,
152
courses
taken
by
high
school
students,
140
 
143
degrees
conferred,
9,
10,
12,
221,
222,
265
 
279,
302
 
308,
310
dropouts,
105,
108,
109,
385
drug
use,
147
educational
attainment,
8
 
10,
12
enrolled
in
colleges
and
universities,
184,
187,
207
 
212,
221,
222,
314,
320,
384
enrolled
in
public
schools,
42
enrolled
in
school,
7
family
characteristics,
19
financial
aid,
320,
321
historically
black
colleges
and
universities,
221
 
223
labor
force
participation,
379,
384,
385
literacy,
392
parental
involvement
in
school
activities,
26
persistence
in
higher
education,
310,
314
population,
16
poverty
status,
21
testing,
112,
115
 
119,
121
 
125,
126,
130
 
134
unemployment
rate,
381,
384,
385
years
of
school
completed,
8
 
10,
12
Womens'
colleges,
218
Writing
tests,
119,
120
Y
Years
of
school
completed
adult
population,
8
 
14
income,
382,
383
labor
force,
379
occupations,
380
unemployment,
381
Z
Zoology,
degrees
conferred,
258,
259,
283
