Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
98
August
1997
Table
15­
82.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Washing,
etc.

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
6029
23.9338
25.5661
0.3293
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Gender
Male
2785
23.4154
28.8168
0.5461
1
705
5
10
15
30
45
55
65
90
Gender
Female
3242
24.3816
22.4026
0.3935
1
555
5
10
20
30
45
60
80
90
Gender
Refused
2
20
14.1421
10
10
30
10
10
20
30
30
30
30
30
Age
(
years)
*
110
25.9182
30.4752
2.9057
3
300
5
10
20
30
41.5
60
60
80
Age
(
years)
1­
4
318
29.2673
16.5524
0.9282
5
125
10
15
30
30
50
60
75
85
Age
(
years)
5­
11
407
26.5184
35.9626
1.7826
2
690
7
15
20
30
45
60
60
75
Age
(
years)
12­
17
411
22.4088
14.6309
0.7217
1
90
5
10
18
30
42
50
60
60
Age
(
years)
18­
64
4154
22.7939
21.6279
0.3356
1
555
5
10
15
30
45
60
75
90
Age
(
years)
>
64
629
27.7424
43.1415
1.7202
1
705
5
12
20
30
45
65
90
120
Race
White
4794
23.1558
26.1288
0.3774
1
705
5
10
15
30
45
60
70
90
Race
Black
664
28.7816
24.2016
0.9392
3
270
5
15
20
35
60
65
90
105
Race
Asian
110
24.4727
17.5493
1.6733
5
90
5
15
20
30
47.5
60
85
90
Race
Some
Others
119
28.6471
27.4768
2.5188
3
240
8
15
25
30
50
60
100
150
Race
Hispanic
269
23.8364
19.8318
1.2092
1
210
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Race
Refused
73
22.7945
20.46
2.3947
3
105
5
10
15
30
60
75
90
105
Hispanic
No
5476
23.8088
25.0872
0.339
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Hispanic
Yes
465
25.7312
31.6942
1.4698
1
570
5
15
20
30
45
60
75
90
Hispanic
DK
30
23.8
15.0319
2.7444
5
60
10
15
17.5
30
50
60
60
60
Hispanic
Refused
58
21.3966
18.5708
2.4385
5
105
5
10
15
25
30
60
80
105
Employment
*
1116
25.9758
25.169
0.7534
1
690
7
15
20
30
45
60
60
75
Employment
Full
Time
2975
22.0733
21.4639
0.3935
1
555
5
10
15
30
45
60
65
85
Employment
Part
Time
518
22.3996
17.1137
0.7519
1
135
5
10
15
30
45
60
70
90
Employment
Not
Employed
1378
26.9354
34.8572
0.939
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Employment
Refused
42
21.9048
15.8865
2.4513
5
90
5
10
15
30
30
45
90
90
Education
*
1245
25.3888
24.2988
0.6887
1
690
6
15
20
30
45
60
60
80
Education
<
High
School
440
30.6
46.38
2.2111
1
570
5
15
20
30
50
60
90
240
Education
High
School
Graduate
1634
23.7699
20.0081
0.495
1
270
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Education
<
College
1228
22.8575
19.6959
0.5621
1
255
5
10
15
30
45
60
75
90
Education
College
Graduate
844
22.5936
32.3617
1.1139
1
705
5
10
15
30
40
60
75
110
Education
Post
Graduate
638
20.7618
18.4597
0.7308
2
240
5
10
15
30
45
60
65
85
Census
Region
Northeast
1356
23.3274
21.7583
0.5909
1
360
5
10
15
30
45
60
75
90
Census
Region
Midwest
1303
22.9294
27.432
0.76
1
570
5
10
15
30
45
60
70
85
Census
Region
South
2136
25.2116
21.6627
0.4687
1
300
5
15
20
30
45
60
85
105
Census
Region
West
1234
23.4489
32.6116
0.9284
1
705
5
10
15
30
45
60
65
85
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
4184
22.9441
25.7284
0.3978
1
705
5
10
15
30
45
60
65
90
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
1845
26.1783
25.0567
0.5833
1
555
5
15
20
30
50
60
90
100
Season
Winter
1688
24.6226
20.295
0.494
1
300
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Season
Spring
1584
26.3295
38.468
0.9665
1
705
5
13
20
30
45
60
90
125
Season
Summer
1636
21.8264
15.5411
0.3842
1
150
5
10
15
30
40
55
60
75
Season
Fall
1121
22.587
20.8871
0.6238
1
340
5
10
15
30
45
60
75
90
Asthma
No
5559
23.9538
26.1095
0.3502
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Asthma
Yes
437
24.2288
18.3575
0.8782
1
145
5
15
20
30
45
60
90
95
Asthma
DK
33
16.6667
8.7202
1.518
5
30
5
10
15
25
30
30
30
30
Angina
No
5866
23.9529
25.8029
0.3369
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Angina
Yes
125
25.176
15.6613
1.4008
3
100
6
15
25
30
45
60
60
75
Angina
DK
38
16.8947
8.5481
1.3867
5
35
5
10
15
25
30
30
35
35
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
5749
23.8629
25.8064
0.3404
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
90
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
249
26.49
20.7475
1.3148
1
150
5
15
20
30
60
60
95
105
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
31
16.5484
8.0616
1.4479
5
30
5
10
15
25
30
30
30
30
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
99
Table
15­
83.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Sleeping/
Napping
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
9362
526.287
134.435
1.3894
30
1430
345
445
510
600
690
760
850
925
Gender
Male
4283
523.333
135.183
2.0656
30
1295
330
435
510
600
690
765
860
925
Gender
Female
5075
528.685
133.743
1.8774
30
1430
350
450
510
600
690
750
840
925
Gender
Refused
4
645
123.693
61.8466
540
780
540
540
630
750
780
780
780
780
Age
(
years)
*
185
502.281
125.424
9.2214
195
908
330
420
480
555
655
745
865
900
Age
(
years)
1­
4
499
732.363
124.328
5.5657
270
1320
540
655
720
810
900
930
1005
1110
Age
(
years)
5­
11
702
625.058
100.656
3.799
120
1110
480
570
630
680
725
780
840
875
Age
(
years)
12­
17
588
563.719
110.83
4.5706
150
1015
395
484
550
630
705
750
810
900
Age
(
years)
18­
64
6041
496.93
123.019
1.5828
30
1420
330
420
480
555
630
705
780
868
Age
(
years)
>
64
1347
517.084
117.477
3.2009
30
1430
345
450
510
570
660
720
780
860
Race
White
7576
523.598
129.545
1.4883
30
1430
350
445
510
600
690
750
840
900
Race
Black
940
541.303
162.726
5.3076
60
1415
315
424
530
630
737.5
822.5
940
1020
Race
Asian
156
537.09
118.072
9.4533
300
920
345
467.5
540
600
690
735
840
870
Race
Some
Others
181
528.823
142.25
10.5734
60
905
300
420
525
630
720
769
810
842
Race
Hispanic
383
537.966
148.886
7.6077
60
1125
315
450
540
630
720
765
870
930
Race
Refused
126
523.421
143.695
12.8014
180
1140
330
420
510
600
720
780
870
930
Hispanic
No
8514
525.205
133.218
1.4438
30
1430
345
445
510
600
690
750
855
925
Hispanic
Yes
700
540.053
147.143
5.5615
60
1125
320
450
540
630
720
777.5
842.5
915
Hispanic
DK
45
527.467
139.269
20.7609
195
842
345
420
515
659
690
710
842
842
Hispanic
Refused
103
521.592
138.874
13.6837
240
930
330
420
510
590
720
780
865
870
Employment
*
1771
636.604
128.545
3.0545
120
1320
440
555
630
705
802
860
930
975
Employment
Full
Time
4085
487.152
118.9
1.8603
30
1420
325
420
480
540
628
685
770
840
Employment
Part
Time
798
502.764
117.416
4.1565
60
1005
330
435
495
570
645
720
780
860
Employment
Not
Employed
2638
520.277
125.549
2.4444
30
1430
345
450
510
590
660
720
800
885
Employment
Refused
70
513.671
136.491
16.3138
210
930
320
420
490
570
696.5
780
900
930
Education
*
1966
625.586
133.976
3.0216
120
1420
420
540
628
699
790
855
926
975
Education
<
High
School
832
515.445
135.697
4.7045
30
1317
300
435
510
585
670
750
860
900
Education
High
School
Graduate
2604
505.367
123.006
2.4105
30
1430
330
420
495
570
659
720
780
840
Education
<
College
1791
496.616
119.862
2.8323
60
1350
315
420
480
565
630
690
779
845
Education
College
Graduate
1245
492.516
117.558
3.3317
75
1404
330
420
480
540
629
690
775
900
Education
Post
Graduate
924
486.737
110.394
3.6317
105
1295
345
420
480
540
615
660
725
800
Census
Region
Northeast
2068
523.129
133.703
2.9401
55
1420
345
435
510
600
690
760
860
930
Census
Region
Midwest
2096
520.846
127.642
2.788
30
1215
330
440
510
598
690
745
840
870
Census
Region
South
3234
529.019
135.651
2.3854
30
1430
345
450
510
600
699
765
855
925
Census
Region
West
1964
530.918
139.966
3.1583
60
1404
345
449.5
510
600
690
769
862
940
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
6303
511.13
131.826
1.6605
30
1430
330
420
495
570
670
745
840
920
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
3059
557.517
134.392
2.4299
30
1420
360
480
540
630
720
780
870
925
Season
Winter
2514
534.911
134.719
2.6869
55
1404
355
450
520
600
700
780
870
930
Season
Spring
2431
526.839
130.49
2.6466
30
1175
345
445
510
600
690
750
840
900
Season
Summer
2533
527.653
139.46
2.771
30
1430
330
435
510
600
699
765
840
930
Season
Fall
1884
512.228
131.14
3.0213
60
1420
330
430
505
570
660
735
840
900
Asthma
No
8608
525.05
133.571
1.4397
30
1430
345
445
510
600
690
750
840
915
Asthma
Yes
692
540.061
143.571
5.4577
30
1404
330
450
537.5
617.5
715
780
900
945
Asthma
DK
62
544.194
140.992
17.906
300
1035
330
465
535
600
720
780
930
1035
Angina
No
9039
526.754
134.235
1.4119
30
1420
345
445
510
600
690
760
855
925
Angina
Yes
249
513.743
137.698
8.7263
60
1430
300
445
510
595
660
735
795
845
Angina
DK
74
511.392
146.297
17.0067
30
930
300
420
510
600
720
780
840
930
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
8860
526.549
134.267
1.4264
30
1430
345
445
510
600
690
760
850
924
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
432
521.713
138.459
6.6616
80
1110
300
420
510
600
705
765
840
930
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
70
521.243
131.857
15.7599
210
930
300
450
510
600
690
745
840
930
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
100
August
1997
Table
15­
84.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Attending
Full
Time
School
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
884
358.537
130.347
4.384
1
840
95
300
390
435
483
550
600
640
Gender
Male
468
369.301
123.186
5.6943
20
840
120
320
390
435
485
555
595
645
Gender
Female
416
346.428
137.1
6.7219
1
710
75
262.5
385
430
480
535
600
628
Age
(
years)
*
7
232.143
148.123
55.9853
10
495
10
180
210
320
495
495
495
495
Age
(
years)
1­
4
56
365.036
199.152
26.6128
20
710
30
172.5
427.5
530
595
628
665
710
Age
(
years)
5­
11
297
387.811
98.013
5.6873
60
645
170
360
390
435
485
555
600
630
Age
(
years)
12­
17
271
392.28
84.986
5.1625
10
605
200
375
405
435
460
485
510
555
Age
(
years)
18­
64
247
292.194
154.58
9.8357
1
840
60
180
289
400
480
535
645
785
Age
(
years)
>
64
6
203.333
147.366
60.1618
75
480
75
120
152.5
240
480
480
480
480
Race
White
665
362.913
128.548
4.9849
1
825
107
310
392
435
485
550
600
630
Race
Black
92
351.793
129.647
13.5166
40
710
70
286.5
387.5
432.5
465
526
645
710
Race
Asian
33
346.303
156.009
24.1576
90
840
120
225
365
435
500
565
840
840
Race
Some
Others
29
337.828
148.115
27.5043
58
553
70
212
360
445
502
540
553
553
Race
Hispanic
58
345.259
124.048
16.2883
30
565
85
260
377.5
430
480
510
510
565
Race
Refused
7
285
157.03
59.3517
60
440
60
150
290
440
440
440
440
440
Hispanic
No
771
359.565
130.825
4.7116
1
840
100
300
390
435
483
550
600
645
Hispanic
Yes
103
353.107
126.354
12.4501
30
630
85
269
385
425
483
510
595
600
Hispanic
DK
4
315.5
167.773
83.8863
65
416
65
221
391
410
415
415
415
415
Hispanic
Refused
6
348.333
140.594
57.3973
150
445
150
185
435
440
445
445
445
445
Employment
*
608
386.497
107.308
4.3519
10
710
165
361
400
440
485
550
595
625
Employment
Full
Time
49
206.551
133.583
19.0833
5
502
15
115
180
305
430
461
502
502
Employment
Part
Time
89
304.652
134.791
14.2879
25
695
90
210
295
395
480
500
585
695
Employment
Not
Employed
135
325.274
161.049
13.8609
1
840
60
215
340
420
500
605
785
825
Employment
Refused
3
270
147.224
85
185
440
185
185
440
440
440
440
440
440
Education
*
666
384.985
107.925
4.182
10
710
160
360
400
440
485
550
595
625
Education
<
High
School
14
267.071
129.31
34.5595
5
415
5
175
310
357
385
415
415
415
Education
High
School
Graduate
54
238.481
141.148
19.2079
58
785
60
125
212
330
400
480
480
785
Education
<
College
100
303.35
170.598
17.0598
1
840
60
185
272.5
415
525.5
613.5
760
832.5
Education
College
Graduate
24
238.417
145.897
29.781
25
565
30
135
200
360
430
460
565
565
Education
Post
Graduate
26
302.808
144.149
28.2699
10
535
95
210
300
461
500
502
535
535
Census
Region
Northeast
186
351.597
127.019
9.3135
60
825
120
268
375
420
483
520
600
785
Census
Region
Midwest
200
358.07
123.934
8.7634
5
645
87.5
307.5
392.5
425
470
527.5
577.5
602
Census
Region
South
322
373.879
139.7
7.7852
10
840
60
330
405
450
500
565
625
645
Census
Region
West
176
338.335
120.469
9.0807
1
630
120
262.5
375
410
465
540
555
600
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
858
363.66
126.018
4.3022
1
840
120
310
390
435
485
550
600
640
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
26
189.5
158.415
31.0677
15
465
20
60
120
300
460
465
465
465
Season
Winter
302
375.113
118.518
6.8199
5
695
150
330
395
440
495
550
612
640
Season
Spring
287
353.359
133.705
7.8924
10
840
90
290
390
430
475
500
570
710
Season
Summer
125
332.448
142.088
12.7088
40
630
70
217
375
425
470
550
600
600
Season
Fall
170
357.018
132.833
10.1878
1
785
120
285
380
430
510
565
605
645
Asthma
No
784
357.969
130.658
4.6663
1
840
95
295
390
435
485
550
595
630
Asthma
Yes
96
362.958
127.895
13.0533
20
695
95
334
390
427.5
475
540
645
695
Asthma
DK
4
363.75
162.551
81.2756
120
450
120
280
442.5
447.5
450
450
450
450
Angina
No
875
358.57
130.546
4.4133
1
840
95
300
390
435
483
550
600
640
Angina
Yes
4
382.5
87.702
43.8511
255
455
255
330
410
435
455
455
455
455
Angina
DK
5
333.6
140.481
62.8248
120
460
120
270
378
440
460
460
460
460
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
851
359.132
130.435
4.4713
1
840
95
300
390
435
485
550
600
640
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
27
340.111
132.683
25.5349
30
605
60
305
365
435
450
460
605
605
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
6
357.167
121.491
49.5987
120
440
120
350
396.5
440
440
440
440
440
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
101
Table
15­
85.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Active
Sports
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1384
123.994
112.825
3.0328
1
1130
15
50
90
165
267
330
435
525
Gender
Male
753
136.781
120.777
4.4014
1
1130
20
60
105
180
285
375
500
558
Gender
Female
629
108.628
100.648
4.0131
1
1065
15
38
75
150
240
300
370
435
Gender
Refused
2
142.5
38.891
27.5
115
170
115
115
142.5
170
170
170
170
170
Age
(
years)
*
23
108.696
78.628
16.395
5
290
30
40
90
155
220
225
290
290
Age
(
years)
1­
4
105
115.848
98.855
9.6472
10
630
30
45
90
159
250
330
345
390
Age
(
years)
5­
11
247
148.87
126.627
8.0571
2
975
20
60
120
188
320
390
510
558
Age
(
years)
12­
17
215
137.46
124.516
8.4919
5
1065
15
60
110
180
265
375
470
520
Age
(
years)
18­
64
642
120.315
110.376
4.3562
1
1130
15
45
90
160
250
330
450
525
Age
(
years)
>
64
152
88.007
80.207
6.5056
1
380
15
30
60
120
220
285
315
330
Race
White
1139
125.994
116.168
3.4421
1
1130
15
50
90
165
270
340
452
530
Race
Black
109
113.431
96.788
9.2706
5
440
10
45
86
150
240
332
430
435
Race
Asian
30
89.933
79.214
14.4625
5
310
10
30
60
145
215
235
310
310
Race
Some
Others
35
135.371
112.206
18.9663
15
553
20
60
105
195
270
330
553
553
Race
Hispanic
59
116.288
91.326
11.8897
1
520
15
45
115
145
240
305
345
520
Race
Refused
12
120
86.576
24.9924
40
300
40
60
95
130
290
300
300
300
Hispanic
No
1250
124.471
113.469
3.2094
1
1130
15
45
90
165
270
330
435
515
Hispanic
Yes
120
121.2
110.791
10.1138
1
630
15
50
90
147.5
240
335
520
553
Hispanic
DK
4
113.75
57.5
28.75
60
185
60
67.5
105
160
185
185
185
185
Hispanic
Refused
10
102
72.119
22.8059
40
290
40
60
82.5
105
215
290
290
290
Employment
*
561
137.073
120.838
5.1018
2
1065
20
60
110
180
285
370
452
558
Employment
Full
Time
375
117.579
107.304
5.5412
5
1130
20
45
90
155
240
305
380
525
Employment
Part
Time
87
116.207
87.553
9.3867
1
450
15
60
95
160
235
285
355
450
Employment
Not
Employed
352
112.537
109.99
5.8625
1
600
10
30
70
150
270
330
475
520
Employment
Refused
9
99.444
77.235
25.7451
30
280
30
45
90
120
280
280
280
280
Education
*
610
137.702
121.227
4.9083
2
1065
20
60
110
180
285
370
470
558
Education
<
High
School
86
101.047
99.745
10.7558
10
570
15
30
60
135
225
270
510
570
Education
High
School
Graduate
233
116.794
116.802
7.652
1
1130
20
45
85
150
240
300
420
530
Education
<
College
178
115.781
100.276
7.516
1
525
15
45
90
160
270
340
418
475
Education
College
Graduate
165
116.218
97.925
7.6235
1
600
15
50
90
150
250
310
380
450
Education
Post
Graduate
112
106.446
97.879
9.2487
5
375
10
40
60
142.5
270
330
360
375
Census
Region
Northeast
333
131.967
129.1
7.0746
1
1130
15
60
100
170
275
345
485
558
Census
Region
Midwest
254
116.882
101.859
6.3912
5
570
18
45
90
150
255
315
430
440
Census
Region
South
479
119.476
108.664
4.965
1
975
15
45
90
160
265
330
410
462
Census
Region
West
318
128.132
108.811
6.1018
1
625
25
55
92.5
175
295
330
500
525
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
902
115.47
97.84
3.2577
1
650
15
45
90
150
240
300
395
485
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
482
139.946
135.196
6.158
1
1130
20
59
100
180
300
380
500
565
Season
Winter
316
115.589
115.201
6.4806
1
1065
15
45
85
155
240
305
370
475
Season
Spring
423
130.775
105.017
5.1061
5
650
30
60
105
175
270
330
435
515
Season
Summer
425
129.541
115.123
5.5843
1
625
15
45
95
178
290
375
462
530
Season
Fall
220
112.314
118.325
7.9775
1
1130
15
43
77.5
143.5
240
290
460
565
Asthma
No
1266
122.461
109.594
3.0801
1
1130
15
45
90
162
266
330
430
515
Asthma
Yes
105
144.829
145.828
14.2314
1
1065
15
60
110
180
300
390
553
565
Asthma
DK
13
105
110.416
30.6239
30
450
30
60
60
90
165
450
450
450
Angina
No
1343
125.491
113.589
3.0995
1
1130
15
50
90
165
270
332
440
525
Angina
Yes
33
72.091
73.998
12.8815
5
330
5
30
50
60
180
275
330
330
Angina
DK
8
86.875
41.139
14.5448
40
155
40
60
75
115
155
155
155
155
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1331
124.101
113.19
3.1026
1
1130
15
50
90
165
267
330
435
520
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
43
130
112.663
17.181
10
553
30
45
110
165
270
340
553
553
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
10
84
39.847
12.6007
40
155
40
60
75
105
147.5
155
155
155
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
102
August
1997
Table
15­
86.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Outdoor
Recreation
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
253
211.23
185.48
11.661
5
1440
20
60
165
300
480
574
670
690
Gender
Male
140
231.78
207.41
17.529
5
1440
17.5
67.5
177
330
502.5
600
690
735
Gender
Female
112
183.67
150.15
14.188
5
645
20
60
150
255
380
525
585
630
Gender
Refused
1
420
*
*
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
Age
(
years)
*
2
337.5
201.53
142.5
195
480
195
195
337.5
480
480
480
480
480
Age
(
years)
1­
4
13
166.54
177.06
49.109
15
630
15
30
130
180
370
630
630
630
Age
(
years)
5­
11
21
206.14
156.17
34.078
30
585
60
90
165
245
360
574
585
585
Age
(
years)
12­
17
27
155.07
128.28
24.687
5
465
5
60
135
225
420
420
465
465
Age
(
years)
18­
64
158
223.61
192.97
15.352
5
1440
30
80
172.5
310
505
585
690
690
Age
(
years)
>
64
32
211.06
206.59
36.521
5
735
5
30
171
375
495
600
735
735
Race
White
225
209.77
182.74
12.183
5
1440
20
60
165
300
460
570
670
690
Race
Black
16
233.88
231.3
57.825
5
690
5
42.5
150
450
585
690
690
690
Race
Asian
3
203.33
262.22
151.39
30
505
30
30
75
505
505
505
505
505
Race
Some
Others
2
327.5
130.82
92.5
235
420
235
235
327.5
420
420
420
420
420
Race
Hispanic
4
77.5
53.929
26.964
20
150
20
42.5
70
112.5
150
150
150
150
Race
Refused
3
308.33
209.42
120.91
180
550
180
180
195
550
550
550
550
550
Hispanic
No
238
211.8
187.07
12.126
5
1440
20
60
165
300
480
585
690
690
Hispanic
Yes
12
175.5
149.06
43.029
15
511
15
70
150
255
340
511
511
511
Hispanic
Refused
3
308.33
209.42
120.91
180
550
180
180
195
550
550
550
550
550
Employment
*
60
177.1
150.02
19.368
5
630
12.5
60
147.5
230
395
519.5
585
630
Employment
Full
Time
104
210.74
153.37
15.039
5
670
30
82.5
180
294
419
511
600
645
Employment
Part
Time
19
205.26
204.04
46.81
30
690
30
60
150
180
570
690
690
690
Employment
Not
Employed
68
244.44
245.03
29.715
5
1440
15
60
179.5
375
525
690
735
1440
Employment
Refused
2
187.5
10.607
7.5
180
195
180
180
187.5
195
195
195
195
195
Education
*
64
176.73
145.32
18.165
5
630
15
60
152.5
225
370
465
585
630
Education
<
High
School
22
259.41
177.97
37.943
5
600
30
105
247.5
380
525
600
600
600
Education
High
School
Graduate
59
238.2
228.99
29.812
15
1440
20
90
175
310
511
670
690
1440
Education
<
College
54
218.09
172.21
23.434
5
690
25
65
172.5
345
460
550
570
690
Education
College
Graduate
31
224.71
193.06
34.675
20
690
30
60
150
325
505
645
690
690
Education
Post
Graduate
23
157.61
178.18
37.153
5
735
10
50
80
200
370
480
735
735
Census
Region
Northeast
52
189.6
160.88
22.31
5
690
30
60
162.5
231.5
370
574
670
690
Census
Region
Midwest
54
212.09
228.41
31.083
5
1440
20
60
177.5
280
419
600
735
1440
Census
Region
South
84
217.26
175.27
19.123
5
645
15
62.5
150
347.5
495
525
600
645
Census
Region
West
63
220.29
179.71
22.642
10
690
30
75
165
280
545
585
690
690
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
129
197.21
195.32
17.197
5
1440
15
60
150
275
465
525
670
735
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
124
225.81
174.26
15.649
5
690
20
85
180
310
480
600
690
690
Season
Winter
31
196.61
165.52
29.728
5
585
5
60
165
280
440
550
585
585
Season
Spring
75
198.85
161.67
18.668
5
690
25
75
180
270
465
545
670
690
Season
Summer
102
228.16
204.18
20.217
5
1440
30
75
179.5
325
459
585
690
690
Season
Fall
45
203.53
193.83
28.895
5
735
20
60
120
330
505
574
735
735
Asthma
No
232
208.24
187.69
12.323
5
1440
20
60
159
294
480
585
690
690
Asthma
Yes
19
250.21
166.64
38.23
15
570
15
80
255
350
525
570
570
570
Asthma
DK
2
187.5
10.607
7.5
180
195
180
180
187.5
195
195
195
195
195
Angina
No
245
206.82
184.85
11.81
5
1440
20
60
160
288
480
570
670
690
Angina
Yes
6
399.17
151.21
61.731
285
690
285
310
345
420
690
690
690
690
Angina
DK
2
187.5
10.607
7.5
180
195
180
180
187.5
195
195
195
195
195
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
238
212.24
189.23
12.266
5
1440
20
60
165
300
495
585
690
690
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
13
196.31
122.22
33.896
5
370
5
117
160
310
340
370
370
370
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
2
187.5
10.607
7.5
180
195
180
180
187.5
195
195
195
195
195
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
103
Table
15­
87.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Exercise
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
564
77.429
70.438
2.966
4
670
15
30
60
100
150
195
275
420
Gender
Male
262
84.676
75.778
4.6816
5
670
20
30
60
117
165
205
285
450
Gender
Female
302
71.142
64.927
3.7361
4
525
15
30
60
90
125
175
265
360
Age
(
years)
*
10
76.5
74.014
23.405
15
270
15
30
60
90
187.5
270
270
270
Age
(
years)
1­
4
11
127.273
187.18
56.437
15
670
15
30
60
150
160
670
670
670
Age
(
years)
5­
11
26
132.5
126.31
24.772
15
525
25
60
90
180
275
450
525
525
Age
(
years)
12­
17
35
67.829
41.589
7.0298
15
180
20
30
60
100
120
150
180
180
Age
(
years)
18­
64
407
77.572
63.597
3.1524
4
480
20
30
60
100
145
185
265
300
Age
(
years)
>
64
75
54.853
44.455
5.1332
6
195
10
25
40
70
120
150
193
195
Race
White
480
78.015
71.517
3.2643
4
670
15
30
60
100
150
194
285
450
Race
Black
34
74.706
44.67
7.6608
15
250
15
45
60
105
120
130
250
250
Race
Asian
10
46.3
25.038
7.9177
15
95
15
30
41.5
60
82.5
95
95
95
Race
Some
Others
14
80.214
73.944
19.762
30
275
30
30
47.5
90
179
275
275
275
Race
Hispanic
19
63
60.658
13.916
15
265
15
30
45
60
160
265
265
265
Race
Refused
7
128.571
130.47
49.313
30
360
30
55
60
270
360
360
360
360
Hispanic
No
516
76.872
70.111
3.0865
4
670
15
30
60
99
145
193
275
420
Hispanic
Yes
38
76.553
59.516
9.6548
15
265
20
30
60
110
160
250
265
265
Hispanic
DK
3
65
69.462
40.104
20
145
20
20
30
145
145
145
145
145
Hispanic
Refused
7
128.571
130.47
49.313
30
360
30
55
60
270
360
360
360
360
Employment
*
72
99.014
111.6
13.153
15
670
20
30
60
120
180
275
525
670
Employment
Full
Time
300
72.663
55.618
3.2111
5
460
20
30
60
90
130
179.5
240
291
Employment
Part
Time
50
85.98
83.568
11.818
10
420
20
30
60
92
167.5
300
390
420
Employment
Not
Employed
139
72.683
63.36
5.3742
4
480
10
30
60
90
135
195
240
265
Employment
Refused
3
113.333
135.77
78.387
30
270
30
30
40
270
270
270
270
270
Education
*
83
101.976
110.97
12.18
15
670
25
30
60
120
205
275
525
670
Education
<
High
School
21
58.238
66.062
14.416
10
300
10
28
30
60
90
165
300
300
Education
High
School
Graduate
124
81.048
63.037
5.6609
4
298
15
30
60
115
179
205
250
265
Education
<
College
104
80.856
70.181
6.8818
15
480
20
30
60
112.5
150
170
240
420
Education
College
Graduate
110
73.627
62.548
5.9637
5
460
20
30
60
98
130
180
285
297
Education
Post
Graduate
122
60.861
38.368
3.4737
5
240
15
30
60
80
110
127
165
185
Census
Region
Northeast
130
88.423
77.649
6.8102
10
450
15
30
60
120
200
240
297
420
Census
Region
Midwest
101
63.564
44.33
4.411
10
300
15
30
60
89
115
120
170
215
Census
Region
South
177
75.311
71.62
5.3833
5
525
15
30
60
90
150
185
298
480
Census
Region
West
156
79.647
75.331
6.0313
4
670
20
30
60
104
130
183
270
460
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
426
73.096
63.872
3.0946
4
670
15
30
60
90
130
180
240
298
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
138
90.804
86.574
7.3697
6
525
15
30
60
120
200
265
420
460
Season
Winter
150
67.387
49.859
4.071
8
285
15
30
60
90
127.5
175
212.5
240
Season
Spring
140
74.871
55.395
4.6817
10
360
17.5
30
60
90
147.5
181
220
298
Season
Summer
192
93.188
91.294
6.5886
5
670
20
30
62.5
120
180
250
450
525
Season
Fall
82
63.268
63.277
6.9878
4
460
15
30
45
75
120
135
300
460
Asthma
No
523
76.625
70.247
3.0717
4
670
15
30
60
100
150
185
265
420
Asthma
Yes
37
78.243
51.454
8.459
20
275
20
45
65
100
120
200
275
275
Asthma
DK
4
175
167.03
83.517
10
360
10
35
165
315
360
360
360
360
Angina
No
553
77.259
69.366
2.9497
4
670
15
30
60
100
145
193
265
420
Angina
Yes
7
27.286
19.576
7.3992
6
60
6
10
25
45
60
60
60
60
Angina
DK
4
188.75
150.35
75.177
60
360
60
62.5
167.5
315
360
360
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
542
77.098
69.465
2.9838
4
670
15
30
60
100
145
185
265
420
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
17
64.588
60.635
14.706
10
275
10
30
50
63
120
275
275
275
Bronchitis/
EMphysema
DK
5
157
149.57
66.888
15
360
15
60
80
270
360
360
360
360
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
104
August
1997
Table
15­
88.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Food
Preparationa
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
4278
52.37
52.8802
0.8085
1
555
5
20
35
65
115
150
210
265
Gender
Male
1341
37.8106
42.1779
1.1518
1
480
5
13
30
50
80
105
150
210
Gender
Female
2937
59.0177
55.862
1.0308
1
555
5
25
45
75
120
155
224
272
Age
(
years)
*
94
52
43.2171
4.4575
5
215
5
20
40
60
110
150
195
215
Age
(
years)
1­
4
24
56.4583
60.3699
12.3229
5
240
5
22.5
30
75
150
180
240
240
Age
(
years)
5­
11
60
25.1667
29.6877
3.8327
1
120
2
5
11
30
60
107
120
120
Age
(
years)
12­
17
131
21.7023
37.6902
3.293
1
385
2
5
10
30
55
70
90
90
Age
(
years)
18­
64
3173
52.0905
52.8766
0.9387
1
555
5
20
35
65
110
145
210
265
Age
(
years)
>
64
796
60.5025
54.669
1.9377
1
525
5
25
45
80
120
150
240
270
Race
White
3584
51.6205
53.2589
0.8896
1
555
5
19
35
65
110
145
210
265
Race
Black
377
57.0265
52.2893
2.693
1
390
5
20
40
75
120
150
210
240
Race
Asian
62
54
41.8224
5.3115
2
210
5
20
50
70
105
130
175
210
Race
Some
Others
66
50.5909
53.2368
6.553
1
295
5
15
33.5
70
115
150
210
295
Race
Hispanic
132
59.2121
49.7947
4.3341
2
315
5
23.5
55
80
110
135
225
285
Race
Refused
57
53.1404
49.297
6.5295
2
210
5
20
40
60
120
180
195
210
Hispanic
No
3960
51.848
52.6035
0.8359
1
555
5
20
35
65
111
145
205
255
Hispanic
Yes
254
59.2244
56.7225
3.5591
2
420
5
20
45
75
120
155
240
315
Hispanic
DK
20
54.95
53.2002
11.8959
6
240
8
25
45
60
112.5
180
240
240
Hispanic
Refused
44
58.6136
53.2957
8.0346
2
210
5
27.5
37.5
80
150
180
210
210
Employment
*
210
27.1667
40.5487
2.7981
1
385
2
5
15
30
60
90
120
180
Employment
Full
Time
1988
45.4874
46.6734
1.0468
1
480
5
15
30
60
90
130
180
240
Employment
Part
Time
420
53.8643
55.3474
2.7007
2
520
5
20
40
65
105
125
205
255
Employment
Not
Employed
1625
63.6357
57.7587
1.4328
1
555
5
29
45
90
125
170
240
275
Employment
Refused
35
53.5429
66.7803
11.2879
2
340
2
20
30
60
120
195
340
340
Education
*
291
31.7079
42.6211
2.4985
1
385
2
5
15
37
75
120
155
195
Education
<
High
School
450
61.2556
53.2321
2.5094
1
555
5
30
45
90
120
150
197
225
Education
High
School
Graduate
1449
58.8392
56.6653
1.4886
1
520
5
22
45
75
120
155
240
310
Education
<
College
954
52.0073
52.2377
1.6913
1
525
5
20
34.5
65
110
150
210
245
Education
College
Graduate
659
46.2018
48.0775
1.8728
1
515
5
15
30
60
100
125
180
224
Education
Post
Graduate
475
46.1621
48.7374
2.2362
1
375
5
15
30
60
96
135
200
270
Census
Region
Northeast
952
52.312
53.2054
1.7244
1
480
5
20
40
61
110
140
205
255
Census
Region
Midwest
956
53.2333
51.8139
1.6758
1
520
5
20
35
65
120
150
210
265
Census
Region
South
1453
53.3944
53.4621
1.4025
1
555
5
16
35
70
120
150
195
245
Census
Region
West
917
49.9073
52.7204
1.741
1
515
5
15
31
60
105
135
225
265
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
2995
50.0571
49.979
0.9132
1
555
5
19
35
60
105
132
180
240
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
1283
57.7693
58.7687
1.6407
1
420
5
20
40
75
130
180
240
300
Season
Winter
1173
50.6206
48.6464
1.4204
1
480
5
18
35
65
110
135
195
240
Season
Spring
1038
54.3892
54.484
1.6911
1
525
5
20
38.5
70
120
150
224
265
Season
Summer
1148
51.3972
54.1854
1.5992
1
555
5
20
35
60
110
137
208
300
Season
Fall
919
53.5375
54.5349
1.7989
1
520
5
20
37
67
120
155
200
265
Asthma
No
3948
52.0433
53.1805
0.8464
1
555
5
20
35
65
110
145
210
265
Asthma
Yes
300
57.1433
49.4425
2.8546
1
272
5
20.5
45
75
120
160
199
240
Asthma
DK
30
47.6333
44.8119
8.1815
2
195
5
10
32.5
60
117.5
120
195
195
Angina
No
4091
52.1936
52.9733
0.8282
1
555
5
20
35
65
115
150
210
265
Angina
Yes
149
56.8054
48.2377
3.9518
1
340
5
25
45
80
120
135
180
210
Angina
DK
38
53.9737
60.4168
9.8009
2
240
2
10
32.5
60
120
240
240
240
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
4024
52.0318
53.0963
0.837
1
555
5
20
35
65
110
145
210
265
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
216
56.9074
46.6833
3.1764
3
240
5
20
45
85
120
150
198
210
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
38
62.3947
61.7031
10.0096
2
240
2
20
42.5
90
150
240
240
240
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
105
Table
15­
89.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Doing
Dishes/
Laundrya
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1865
61.7882
68.894
1.5953
1
825
10
20
30
80
150
190
255
335
Gender
Male
324
46.1142
50.179
2.7877
1
360
10
15
30
60
120
135
210
260
Gender
Female
1541
65.0837
71.793
1.8289
1
825
10
20
35
90
150
200
270
340
Age
(
years)
*
32
43.75
46.49
8.2183
10
225
10
15
30
55
90
150
225
225
Age
(
years)
1­
4
10
49.3
66.545
21.0434
3
210
3
5
22.5
55
165
210
210
210
Age
(
years)
5­
11
20
34.25
28.799
6.4395
1
92
1.5
15
30
58
82.5
91
92
92
Age
(
years)
12­
17
47
32.6809
30.603
4.4639
2
150
5
10
20
45
65
90
150
150
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1371
63.2356
67.104
1.8123
1
565
10
20
30
90
150
198
245
335
Age
(
years)
>
64
385
63.4416
79.738
4.0638
1
825
9
20
35
80
135
195
285
375
Race
White
1560
62.2173
69.493
1.7595
1
825
10
20
30
85
147.5
190
270
335
Race
Black
170
57.8471
60.026
4.6038
5
390
5
17
30
75
150
180
235
240
Race
Asian
19
56.7368
51.705
11.862
3
210
3
15
30
90
120
210
210
210
Race
Some
Others
25
45.96
41.361
8.2721
5
150
10
15
30
80
120
120
150
150
Race
Hispanic
71
69.0141
75.626
8.9752
3
325
5
20
35
105
200
225
275
325
Race
Refused
20
60.75
104.217
23.3037
5
475
7.5
15
30
60
127.5
305
475
475
Hispanic
No
1732
61.3077
68.206
1.6389
1
825
10
20
30
80
140
180
250
335
Hispanic
Yes
112
68.2589
71.468
6.7531
3
325
5
20
30
103
180
225
270
275
Hispanic
DK
7
75.7143
66.548
25.1526
10
180
10
15
55
150
180
180
180
180
Hispanic
Refused
14
62.5
122.266
32.677
5
475
5
15
25
35
120
475
475
475
Employment
*
73
35.3288
37.364
4.3732
1
210
3
15
20
50
80
120
150
210
Employment
Full
Time
776
56.9549
63.42
2.2766
2
565
10
20
30
70
125
180
240
335
Employment
Part
Time
214
63.7243
64.791
4.429
2
340
10
15
30
90
151
205
240
275
Employment
Not
Employed
789
68.5234
76.296
2.7162
1
825
10
25
40
90
158
210
285
375
Employment
Refused
13
58.2308
59.448
16.4878
10
180
10
10
30
100
150
180
180
180
Education
*
99
37.5253
38.655
3.885
1
210
3
10
30
55
90
120
180
210
Education
<
High
School
216
69.7824
69.956
4.7599
2
570
10
26.5
45
90
151
195
245
315
Education
High
School
Graduate
683
67.3616
76.746
2.9366
1
825
10
20
40
90
150
205
285
405
Education
<
College
422
64.3033
72.277
3.5184
2
475
10
20
30
85
155
210
285
360
Education
College
Graduate
262
51.4466
49.386
3.0511
1
260
10
15
30
70
120
158
200
225
Education
Post
Graduate
183
53.6831
60.208
4.4507
3
360
5
15
30
60
120
190
245
330
Census
Region
Northeast
471
59.5223
60.067
2.7677
2
565
10
20
35
75
135
180
210
285
Census
Region
Midwest
405
60.3235
68.244
3.3911
1
480
5
15
30
75
150
198
240
285
Census
Region
South
602
65.8156
75.076
3.0599
1
825
10
20
35
90
150
210
270
360
Census
Region
West
387
59.814
69.562
3.536
2
570
10
15
30
70
150
210
270
345
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1270
59.5402
68.798
1.9305
1
825
9
20
30
75
137.5
190
245
330
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
595
66.5866
68.909
2.825
5
565
10
20
40
90
150
210
275
340
Season
Winter
503
65.3479
79.461
3.543
1
825
10
20
30
90
150
210
300
360
Season
Spring
438
62.7763
67.751
3.2373
2
450
10
20
35
75
150
190
285
335
Season
Summer
510
61.7294
62.801
2.7809
2
565
10
20
40
90
140
180
240
270
Season
Fall
414
56.4903
63.125
3.1024
1
570
8
15
30
65
130
195
230
270
Asthma
No
1712
61.9533
69.64
1.6831
1
825
10
20
30
85
150
195
270
335
Asthma
Yes
147
60.8912
60.62
4.9999
2
375
10
20
30
76
151
180
250
255
Asthma
DK
6
36.6667
41.793
17.062
10
120
10
10
25
30
120
120
120
120
Angina
No
1790
62.0788
69.212
1.6359
1
825
10
20
30
85
150
190
255
335
Angina
Yes
66
54.7576
62.985
7.7529
5
335
9
25
30
60
120
200
315
335
Angina
DK
9
55.5556
44.19
14.7301
10
120
10
30
30
90
120
120
120
120
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1746
60.5063
65.326
1.5634
1
565
10
20
30
80
140
190
250
325
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
112
82.7143
109.505
10.3473
3
825
5
20
57.5
103
170
240
360
570
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
7
46.7143
51.403
19.4284
2
120
2
10
30
120
120
120
120
120
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.

a
Includes
food
cleanup,
clothes
care.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
106
August
1997
Table
15­
90.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Housekeepinga
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1943
118.833
113.369
2.5719
1
810
10
40
90
165
270
345
465
540
Gender
Male
370
109.419
116.541
6.0587
1
810
10
30
60
150
270
360
425
560
Gender
Female
1573
121.047
112.533
2.8374
1
790
15
45
90
165
270
345
465
540
Age
(
years)
*
47
146.043
121.3
17.6935
10
480
10
45
115
240
300
375
480
480
Age
(
years)
1­
4
11
74.091
69.42
20.9308
10
270
10
40
60
90
90
270
270
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
54
42.852
34.096
4.6399
1
180
5
20
30
53
80
120
150
180
Age
(
years)
12­
17
72
78.111
75.546
8.9031
1
300
5
27.5
60
105
210
240
285
300
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1316
120.422
113.654
3.133
1
810
15
40
90
165
270
360
465
525
Age
>
64
443
128.217
118.925
5.6503
3
790
10
55
90
180
270
345
540
570
Race
White
1649
119.056
112.184
2.7626
1
790
10
40
90
165
265
340
465
540
Race
Black
137
116.555
109.394
9.3462
1
490
5
30
90
150
300
358
480
484
Race
Asian
32
98.75
100.467
17.7602
15
425
15
30
60
127.5
265
345
425
425
Race
Some
Others
26
82.423
56.436
11.0681
5
210
15
40
60
115
185
190
210
210
Race
Hispanic
71
112.648
129.335
15.3492
5
660
8
30
60
135
270
465
518
660
Race
Refused
28
189.286
176.198
33.2983
10
810
20
52.5
147.5
247.5
420
465
810
810
Hispanic
No
1771
117.443
110.586
2.6278
1
790
10
40
90
165
265
335
425
525
Hispanic
Yes
134
121.657
129.578
11.1939
5
660
10
35
85
135
270
470
540
658
Hispanic
DK
15
146.867
127.912
33.0268
10
510
10
30
120
210
240
510
510
510
Hispanic
Refused
23
191.087
180.296
37.5944
10
810
20
45
150
255
390
420
810
810
Employment
*
138
65.565
68.838
5.8599
1
375
5
25
45
80
180
240
285
300
Employment
Full
Time
673
106.579
102.376
3.9463
1
655
10
30
70
145
240
325
413
490
Employment
Part
Time
193
124.72
117.48
8.4564
1
660
15
45
90
180
270
390
480
540
Employment
Not
Employed
925
132.681
119.442
3.9272
3
790
15
55
105
180
295
370
484
600
Employment
Refused
14
236.786
208.221
55.6495
10
810
10
120
182.5
300
430
810
810
810
Education
*
171
82.164
96.944
7.4135
1
810
5
30
45
105
220
270
300
375
Education
<
High
School
246
140.736
125.356
7.9924
3
715
10
60
120
180
300
400
540
660
Education
High
School
Graduate
677
125.078
120.495
4.631
2
790
15
45
90
175
270
375
490
610
Education
<
College
433
112.898
100.145
4.8127
1
570
10
40
90
150
240
320
420
470
Education
College
Graduate
245
107.302
102.244
6.5321
1
585
15
30
60
150
240
328
405
465
Education
Post
Graduate
171
130.813
117.998
9.0236
5
655
15
60
90
180
280
390
495
540
Census
Region
Northeast
464
119.235
116.368
5.4022
2
790
10
35
90
165
245
330
480
655
Census
Region
Midwest
413
117.855
112.595
5.5405
1
715
10
34
88
165
255
345
480
525
Census
Region
South
648
119.912
116.159
4.5631
1
810
10
40
90
165
285
370
435
540
Census
Region
West
418
117.679
106.559
5.212
5
720
15
40
90
165
255
340
420
470
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1316
113.21
111.913
3.085
1
790
10
30
75
150
255
330
470
550
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
627
130.635
115.567
4.6153
1
810
15
55
90
180
290
370
435
525
Season
Winter
470
111.4
100.617
4.6411
1
810
10
45
85
160
240
290
390
480
Season
Spring
451
122.621
114.024
5.3692
3
720
15
40
90
180
270
360
465
540
Season
Summer
563
111.803
114.5
4.8256
1
690
10
30
75
135
255
365
465
610
Season
Fall
459
131.344
122.391
5.7127
1
790
15
45
90
180
300
390
480
560
Asthma
No
1789
118.529
112.075
2.6497
1
790
10
40
90
165
270
345
465
540
Asthma
Yes
140
115.664
115.811
9.7878
5
690
10
36.5
67
150
277.5
377.5
470
480
Asthma
DK
14
189.286
208.565
55.7414
10
810
10
45
122.5
255
340
810
810
810
Angina
No
1853
117.731
112.346
2.6099
1
790
13
40
90
160
265
345
465
540
Angina
Yes
75
122.88
103.762
11.9814
5
394
5
30
90
210
270
320
370
394
Angina
DK
15
234.667
204
52.6725
10
810
10
120
240
300
480
810
810
810
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1816
118.073
112.929
2.65
1
790
10
40
90
160
270
355
465
540
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
107
118.701
102.942
9.9518
5
480
10
30
90
180
255
290
465
470
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
20
188.5
176.435
39.452
5
810
7.5
85
155
240
320
575
810
810
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.

a
Includes
cleaning
house,
other
repairs,
and
household
work.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
107
Table
15­
91.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Bathing
(
a)
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
6416
26.0842
29.6711
0.3704
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Gender
Male
2930
24.2416
31.0251
0.5732
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
75
100
Gender
Female
3484
27.6372
28.4021
0.4812
1
555
5
10
20
30
60
75
105
135
Gender
Refused
2
20
14.1421
10
10
30
10
10
20
30
30
30
30
30
Age
(
years)
*
114
29.0088
38.9855
3.6513
2
300
5
10
20
30
60
60
105
275
Age
(
years)
1­
4
330
29.9727
19.4226
1.0692
1
170
10
15
30
31
54.5
60
85
90
Age
(
years)
5­
11
438
25.7511
35.3164
1.6875
1
690
5
15
20
30
45
60
60
75
Age
(
years)
12­
17
444
23.1216
18.7078
0.8878
1
210
5
10
18
30
45
60
65
90
Age
(
years)
18­
64
4383
25.4312
27.1553
0.4102
1
555
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Age
(
years)
>
64
707
29.9123
44.502
1.6737
1
705
5
10
20
30
60
85
120
150
Race
White
5117
25.0233
28.5494
0.3991
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
90
115
Race
Black
707
31.4851
31.5524
1.1866
1
295
5
15
22
40
60
80
120
170
Race
Asian
112
28.1786
29.7661
2.8126
5
270
5
15
20
30
60
75
90
90
Race
Some
Others
122
30.2213
27.2726
2.4691
1
240
8
15
27.5
35
50
60
100
150
Race
Hispanic
280
28.7786
39.2648
2.3465
2
546
5
15
20
31.5
54.5
62.5
90
155
Race
Refused
78
27.5769
40.3235
4.5657
3
275
5
10
15
30
60
100
195
275
Hispanic
No
5835
25.8833
28.5411
0.3736
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Hispanic
Yes
486
28.751
40.5582
1.8398
2
570
5
15
20
30
50
60
90
140
Hispanic
DK
33
25.7576
16.7724
2.9197
5
65
10
15
20
30
55
65
65
65
Hispanic
Refused
62
24.2581
37.2268
4.7278
3
275
5
10
15
25
30
60
105
275
Employment
*
1189
26.1329
26.4288
0.7665
1
690
5
15
20
30
45
60
75
90
Employment
Full
Time
3095
24.1499
25.0984
0.4511
1
555
5
10
15
30
45
60
85
110
Employment
Part
Time
558
24.7616
23.2468
0.9841
1
295
5
10
20
30
46
60
90
110
Employment
Not
Employed
1528
30.3161
39.9341
1.0216
1
705
5
10
20
30
60
85
120
155
Employment
Refused
46
30.4348
45.176
6.6608
3
275
5
10
15
30
55
105
275
275
Education
*
1330
25.6759
26.4094
0.7242
1
690
5
15
20
30
45
60
75
90
Education
<
High
School
474
33.3122
53.0129
2.435
1
570
5
15
20.5
33
60
85
110
300
Education
High
School
Graduate
1758
25.822
23.5699
0.5621
1
270
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Education
<
College
1288
26.4099
27.0338
0.7533
1
255
5
10
20
30
55
75
105
150
Education
College
Graduate
897
25.3813
34.8197
1.1626
1
705
5
10
15
30
50
65
105
135
Education
Post
Graduate
669
22.7788
23.0661
0.8918
1
257
5
10
15
30
45
60
85
100
Census
Region
Northeast
1444
25.0478
24.2512
0.6382
1
360
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
105
Census
Region
Midwest
1402
24.602
30.2958
0.8091
1
570
5
10
15
30
45
60
85
115
Census
Region
South
2266
27.4086
26.0895
0.5481
1
300
5
15
20
30
55
65
100
135
Census
Region
West
1304
26.5238
38.8092
1.0747
1
705
5
10
20
30
48
60
90
133
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
4427
25.2896
30.2913
0.4553
1
705
5
10
20
30
45
60
90
115
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
1989
27.8527
28.1689
0.6316
1
555
5
15
20
30
60
68
100
130
Season
Winter
1796
26.858
26.9167
0.6351
1
546
5
11
20
30
50
60
90
110
Season
Spring
1645
28.5854
41.0512
1.0121
1
705
5
15
20
30
60
70
115
150
Season
Summer
1744
23.9295
20.7343
0.4965
1
270
5
10
19.5
30
45
60
80
100
Season
Fall
1231
24.6653
25.5885
0.7293
1
340
5
10
17
30
50
60
95
120
Asthma
No
5912
26.0658
30.0373
0.3907
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Asthma
Yes
468
26.5427
22.9543
1.0611
1
210
5
15
20
30
46
60
100
120
Asthma
DK
36
23.1389
44.0728
7.3455
3
275
5
10
15
25
30
30
275
275
Angina
No
6243
26.0042
29.0175
0.3673
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Angina
Yes
131
31.145
49.5427
4.3286
5
546
5
15
25
30
50
60
105
131
Angina
DK
42
22.1905
40.9153
6.3134
3
275
5
10
15
25
30
30
275
275
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
6112
26.0545
29.857
0.3819
1
705
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
120
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
268
27.2463
22.162
1.3538
1
150
5
13
20
30
60
60
95
131
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
36
22.4722
44.0859
7.3477
3
275
5
10
15
22.5
30
30
275
275
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.

a
Includes
baby
and
child
care,
personal
care
services,
washing
and
personal
hygiene
(
bathing,
showering,
etc.)
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
108
August
1997
Table
15­
92.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Yardwork/
Maintenance
(
a)

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1414
147.69
148.216
3.942
1
1080
5
45
100
205
360
470
570
655
Gender
Male
804
174.84
160.191
5.649
2
1080
10
60
120
249.5
415
510
600
670
Gender
Female
610
111.91
121.979
4.939
1
900
5
30
75
145
277.5
360
465
510
Age
(
years)
*
20
181.85
170.345
38.09
5
600
10
60
116
240
467.5
570
600
600
Age
(
years)
1­
4
12
93.167
80.805
23.326
5
285
5
30
82.5
132.5
178
285
285
285
Age
(
years)
5­
11
26
96.154
85.532
16.774
5
330
5
39
60
120
210
300
330
330
Age
(
years)
12­
17
54
116
116.758
15.889
3
505
5
30
90
150
285
385
450
505
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1015
150.22
154.486
4.849
1
1080
5
35
100
210
360
480
585
670
Age
(
years)
>
64
287
149.3
133.834
7.9
2
810
10
60
120
205
330
420
525
630
Race
White
1249
151.52
150.205
4.25
1
1080
5
45
105
210
360
480
575
660
Race
Black
77
114.53
127.124
14.487
2
750
5
20
65
165
285
355
405
750
Race
Asian
13
140
150.111
41.633
5
425
5
15
85
210
360
425
425
425
Race
Some
Others
26
117.23
110.647
21.7
5
380
5
30
88
178
290
360
380
380
Race
Hispanic
37
102.11
113.508
18.661
5
565
5
20
60
120
255
300
565
565
Race
Refused
12
177.08
190.793
55.077
30
600
30
60
97.5
215
510
600
600
600
Hispanic
No
1331
148.69
147.962
4.056
1
1080
5
45
105
209
360
465
570
660
Hispanic
Yes
65
106.17
127.4
15.802
5
575
5
20
60
120
255
300
565
575
Hispanic
DK
8
248.75
206.48
73.002
5
585
5
90
190
420
585
585
585
585
Hispanic
Refused
10
203.5
200.056
63.263
60
600
60
60
120
300
555
600
600
600
Employment
*
92
106.82
101.779
10.611
3
505
5
31.5
77
147.5
240
330
450
505
Employment
Full
Time
664
146.73
155.488
6.034
1
1080
5
35
90
202.5
360
490
575
690
Employment
Part
Time
121
134.51
130.79
11.89
2
554
5
30
90
200
317
390
490
495
Employment
Not
Employed
526
157.76
147.022
6.41
2
810
10
60
120
220
370
480
595
655
Employment
Refused
11
211.55
198.724
59.918
2
600
2
60
120
375
465
600
600
600
Education
*
105
113.47
113.854
11.111
2
600
5
33
79
150
285
360
450
505
Education
<
High
School
160
158.46
164.764
13.026
2
900
7.5
45
111
210
412.5
492.5
595
810
Education
High
School
Graduate
465
151.39
146.985
6.816
3
840
5
50
110
210
345
460
575
690
Education
<
College
305
152.84
157.011
8.99
2
1080
5
45
95
210
360
473
600
630
Education
College
Graduate
211
145.36
138.849
9.559
1
625
5
40
105
225
330
465
525
533
Education
Post
Graduate
168
142.2
147.773
11.401
2
690
5
30
90
180
340
470
570
630
Census
Region
Northeast
291
140.5
139.641
8.186
3
840
5
40
90
200
330
450
525
600
Census
Region
Midwest
314
145.1
143.219
8.082
2
780
10
55
95
195
360
445
560
655
Census
Region
South
438
152.69
156.36
7.471
2
1080
5
45
111
205
375
480
585
635
Census
Region
West
371
149.63
149.345
7.754
1
750
5
40
104
210
350
480
575
690
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
878
140.86
140.753
4.75
1
810
5
40
92.5
190
345
460
560
625
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
536
158.88
159.193
6.876
2
1080
5
50
116.5
225
380
510
600
690
Season
Winter
289
139.35
151.711
8.924
1
690
5
30
75
195
360
480
565
600
Season
Spring
438
162.23
150.477
7.19
3
900
10
60
120
220
360
480
570
700
Season
Summer
458
137.92
140.291
6.555
2
1080
5
40
90
180
310
440
555
630
Season
Fall
229
149.97
153.398
10.137
2
720
5
40
97
210
390
480
600
655
Asthma
No
1311
146.95
147.084
4.062
1
1080
5
45
100
200
355
465
570
635
Asthma
Yes
98
149.27
155.758
15.734
5
670
5
30
90
210
445
480
670
670
Asthma
DK
5
312
230.043
102.879
60
600
60
120
300
480
600
600
600
600
Angina
No
1360
145.34
145.05
3.933
1
900
5
45
100
200
355
465
570
655
Angina
Yes
42
192.62
203.363
31.38
5
1080
15
60
142.5
255
465
485
1080
1080
Angina
DK
12
257.08
216.716
62.56
5
600
5
52.5
232.5
472.5
510
600
600
600
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1352
148.48
148.534
4.04
1
1080
5
45
105
205
360
470
570
660
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
57
114.65
121.376
16.077
5
460
5
30
60
135
340
375
405
460
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
5
312
230.043
102.879
60
600
60
120
300
480
600
600
600
600
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.

a
Includes
car
repair
services,
other
repairs
services,
outdoor
cleaning,
car
repair
maintenance,
other
repairs,
plant
care,
other
household
work,
domestic
crafts,
domestic
arts.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
109
Table
15­
93.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Sports/
Exercise
(
a)
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1852
116.322
107.947
2.5084
1
1130
17
45
85
150
253
316
420
515
Gender
Male
958
130.669
117.216
3.7871
1
1130
20
55
97.5
175
270
355
475
558
Gender
Female
892
100.854
94.795
3.174
1
1065
15
35
65
130
230
285
370
435
Gender
Refused
2
142.5
38.891
27.5
115
170
115
115
143
170
170
170
170
170
Age
(
years)
*
32
102.031
79.32
14.022
5
290
15
40
80
137.5
225
270
290
290
Age
(
years)
1­
4
114
118.982
109.17
10.2247
10
670
25
45
90
159
250
330
390
630
Age
(
years)
5­
11
262
153.496
130.58
8.0673
2
975
20
60
120
200
330
415
525
580
Age
(
years)
12­
17
237
134.717
122.228
7.9396
5
1065
15
60
110
179
265
360
470
520
Age
(
years)
18­
64
992
109.692
100.801
3.2004
1
1130
20
45
75
145
240
300
405
510
Age
(
years)
>
64
215
82.051
75.995
5.1828
1
380
10
30
60
110
195
270
310
316
Race
White
1541
117.524
110.622
2.818
1
1130
20
45
85
150
255
320
435
525
Race
Black
135
110.4
93.06
8.0094
5
440
15
45
85
150
220
340
430
435
Race
Asian
37
85.432
73.897
12.1486
5
310
10
30
60
95
210
235
310
310
Race
Some
Others
47
124.702
106.397
15.5196
15
553
30
40
85
180
270
325
553
553
Race
Hispanic
74
108.892
89.177
10.3667
1
520
15
45
90
145
225
270
345
520
Race
Refused
18
130
111.698
26.3275
30
420
30
60
82.5
140
300
420
420
420
Hispanic
No
1678
116.451
108.276
2.6432
1
1130
17
45
85
150
253
316
430
510
Hispanic
Yes
151
115.583
106.428
8.661
1
630
15
45
90
145
240
325
415
553
Hispanic
DK
7
92.857
62.773
23.726
20
185
20
30
75
145
185
185
185
185
Hispanic
Refused
16
120
110
27.5
30
420
30
60
70
122.5
290
420
420
420
Employment
*
606
138.658
123.665
5.0235
2
1065
20
60
110
180
285
375
470
580
Employment
Full
Time
644
102.315
94.146
3.7099
5
1130
20
45
67.5
130
225
280
360
405
Employment
Part
Time
125
115.272
91.33
8.1688
1
450
15
45
90
160
220
300
420
420
Employment
Not
Employed
465
107.239
104.105
4.8277
1
600
10
31
70
135
250
310
462
515
Employment
Refused
12
102.917
87.917
25.3794
30
280
30
40
75
130
270
280
280
280
Education
*
663
139.46
123.813
4.8085
2
1065
20
60
110
180
285
383
510
580
Education
<
High
School
103
96.243
97.046
9.5622
10
570
15
30
60
135
210
270
305
510
Education
High
School
Graduate
341
109.276
106.483
5.7664
1
1130
15
40
75
150
235
285
405
485
Education
<
College
265
110.068
94.836
5.8257
1
525
17
45
80
145
240
305
418
475
Education
College
Graduate
258
105.717
92.204
5.7404
1
600
20
45
70
130
240
297
343
450
Education
Post
Graduate
222
87.149
79.704
5.3494
5
375
15
30
60
105
208
290
355
360
Census
Region
Northeast
437
126.865
122.905
5.8793
1
1130
15
50
95
165
270
338
470
558
Census
Region
Midwest
341
105.889
94.38
5.111
5
570
20
40
75
135
240
280
430
438
Census
Region
South
627
112.774
104.846
4.1872
1
975
15
45
80
150
250
313
410
462
Census
Region
West
447
118.951
105.629
4.9961
4
670
22
48
85
160
250
325
475
525
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1264
107.154
94.026
2.6447
1
670
15
45
75
140
235
285
375
485
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
588
136.029
130.966
5.401
1
1130
20
51.5
90
180
297
380
462
558
Season
Winter
448
104.094
104.108
4.9187
1
1065
15
40
70
130
230
280
360
420
Season
Spring
533
123.452
100.904
4.3706
5
650
25
60
90
162
267
330
420
500
Season
Summer
579
125.988
114.358
4.7525
1
670
15
45
90
160
283
360
470
545
Season
Fall
292
102.901
110.416
6.4616
4
1130
15
40
60
127.5
225
275
460
565
Asthma
No
1699
114.927
105.239
2.5532
1
1130
17
45
85
150
250
310
420
510
Asthma
Yes
137
132.131
134.238
11.4687
1
1065
15
60
90
165
265
390
553
565
Asthma
DK
16
129.063
134.786
33.6966
10
450
10
60
60
152.5
420
450
450
450
Angina
No
1801
117.3
108.373
2.5537
1
1130
20
45
89
150
254
316
430
515
Angina
Yes
40
68
70.942
11.217
5
330
5.5
30
47.5
60
172.5
235
330
330
Angina
DK
11
131.818
116.023
34.9823
40
420
40
60
90
155
270
420
420
420
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1782
116.226
107.987
2.5581
1
1130
17
45
85
150
250
315
430
515
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
56
119.429
108.516
14.501
10
553
20
42.5
75
172.5
270
340
410
553
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
14
116.071
108.187
28.9143
15
420
15
60
85
140
270
420
420
420
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.

a
Includes
active
sports,
exercise,
hobbies.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
110
August
1997
Table
15­
94.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Eating
or
Drinking
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
8627
74.8821
54.8419
0.5904
1
900
15
35
60
96
140
175
215
270
Gender
Male
3979
75.8316
56.2313
0.8914
1
900
15
39
60
96
140
180
210
270
Gender
Female
4644
74.0814
53.6353
0.7871
2
640
15
34
60
98
140
170
225
270
Gender
Refused
4
60
21.2132
10.6066
30
75
30
45
67.5
75
75
75
75
75
Age
(
years)
*
157
75.3248
50.1255
4.0005
10
315
15
30
65
100
145
150
195
285
Age
(
years)
1­
4
492
93.4837
52.8671
2.3834
2
345
20
60
90
120
160
190
225
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
680
68.5412
38.9518
1.4937
5
255
15
40
65
90
120
142.5
165
195
Age
(
years)
12­
17
538
55.8587
34.9903
1.5085
2
210
10
30
50
75
105
125
150
170
Age
(
years)
18­
64
5464
71.8673
55.1199
0.7457
1
900
15
30
60
90
135
170
220
270
Age
(
years)
>
64
1296
91.7014
62.6665
1.7407
5
750
20
50
80
120
165
200
270
295
Race
White
7049
77.0058
55.6564
0.6629
1
900
15
40
64
100
145
180
225
270
Race
Black
808
59.9047
46.5954
1.6392
2
505
15
30
50
75
119
140
200
225
Race
Asian
148
80.4054
47.8283
3.9315
2
305
15
45
72.5
106.5
150
160
200
200
Race
Some
Others
168
66.0417
52.0928
4.019
7
525
15
30
59.5
83
120
135
190
200
Race
Hispanic
345
68.7043
51.8926
2.7938
2
435
12
30
60
90
125
165
195
225
Race
Refused
109
74.2477
60.8473
5.8281
8
410
20
30
60
90
130
180
290
315
Hispanic
No
7861
75.5599
55.2306
0.6229
1
900
15
35
60
100
140
175
220
270
Hispanic
Yes
639
68.2754
50.1994
1.9859
2
435
15
30
60
90
120
155
195
225
Hispanic
DK
41
60.4146
37.1039
5.7947
5
150
15
30
55
90
120
130
150
150
Hispanic
Refused
86
68.9186
55.4732
5.9818
8
410
15
30
60
90
115
155
210
410
Employment
*
1695
72.2083
44.9086
1.0908
2
345
15
40
65
90
133
150
195
210
Employment
Full
Time
3684
70.6097
55.0998
0.9078
1
900
15
30
60
90
135
165
225
270
Employment
Part
Time
715
72.2112
55.4476
2.0736
2
509
15
30
60
90
135
170
230
260
Employment
Not
Employed
2472
83.9498
59.1281
1.1892
2
750
15
45
75
110
150
185
235
285
Employment
Refused
61
71.0492
60.9843
7.8082
8
385
15
30
55
90
120
145
235
385
Education
*
1867
70.85
45.3955
1.0506
2
375
15
38
60
90
130
150
190
210
Education
<
High
School
758
72.3206
57.4352
2.0861
2
460
15
30
60
90
135
180
230
315
Education
High
School
Graduate
2363
74.8565
57.1005
1.1746
1
900
15
35
60
96
140
175
220
270
Education
<
College
1612
73.9237
56.5324
1.408
2
525
15
30
60
90
145
175
230
275
Education
College
Graduate
1160
78.4991
55.4196
1.6272
1
640
15
40
65
105
145
180
220
265
Education
Post
Graduate
867
82.8166
59.6871
2.0271
2
750
15
40
70
110
150
185
240
270
Census
Region
Northeast
1916
78.2766
59.1627
1.3516
1
750
15
37
65
102.5
145
180
240
285
Census
Region
Midwest
1928
75.8117
51.3702
1.1699
1
435
15
40
64
100
140
175
210
255
Census
Region
South
2960
71.3916
55.0903
1.0126
2
900
15
30
60
90
135
165
210
270
Census
Region
West
1823
75.9989
52.9755
1.2407
2
500
15
35
60
100
150
180
210
240
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
5813
71.2069
52.0446
0.6826
1
900
15
33
60
90
130
165
210
250
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2814
82.4741
59.5052
1.1217
2
630
15
40
70
110
150
190
240
297
Season
Winter
2332
76.0931
56.4379
1.1687
2
640
15
38.5
65
95.5
140
175
240
275
Season
Spring
2222
76.3096
55.207
1.1712
1
630
15
35
60
100
145
178
220
275
Season
Summer
2352
73.4787
53.2506
1.098
1
750
15
35
60
95
135
170
210
260
Season
Fall
1721
73.3161
54.2737
1.3083
2
900
15
30
60
95
140
175
210
232
Asthma
No
7937
75.2016
54.8093
0.6152
1
900
15
35
60
100
140
175
215
270
Asthma
Yes
635
71.3732
55.0353
2.184
2
460
15
30
60
90
133
170
225
285
Asthma
DK
55
69.2909
56.5874
7.6302
8
335
15
30
60
90
120
210
215
335
Angina
No
8318
74.5795
54.4372
0.5969
1
900
15
35
60
95
140
175
210
265
Angina
Yes
243
85.0288
63.5335
4.0757
2
500
15
45
75
115
160
180
285
330
Angina
DK
66
75.6667
67.304
8.2845
5
435
15
30
60
90
150
195
215
435
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
8169
74.6605
54.3234
0.601
1
900
15
35
60
95
140
170
210
260
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
397
80.6599
65.2442
3.2745
2
460
15
30
60
110
150
180
285
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
61
66.9508
47.7188
6.1098
8
230
15
30
60
90
120
155
215
230
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
111
Table
15­
95.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
an
Auto
Repair
Shop/
Gas
Station
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
153
190.693
234.506
18.959
1
930
5
15
60
360
565
645
695
748
Gender
Male
105
241.476
250.274
24.424
2
930
5
15
115
495
600
675
700
748
Gender
Female
48
79.604
144.512
20.858
1
595
3
10
15
70
295
485
595
595
Age
(
years)
*
3
161.667
115.578
66.729
90
295
90
90
100
295
295
295
295
295
Age
(
years)
1­
4
4
40
50.166
25.083
10
115
10
12.5
17.5
67.5
115
115
115
115
Age
(
years)
5­
11
5
22
21.679
9.695
5
60
5
15
15
15
60
60
60
60
Age
(
years)
12­
17
7
153.857
205.069
77.509
3
505
3
5
55
390
505
505
505
505
Age
(
years)
18­
64
118
223.847
249.335
22.953
1
930
5
15
75
480
600
675
700
748
Age
(
years)
>
64
16
58.125
96.889
24.222
2
358
2
15
20
42.5
225
358
358
358
Race
White
130
195.538
237.537
20.833
1
930
5
15
60
390
587.5
645
700
748
Race
Black
12
149.667
203.31
58.691
2
565
2
6.5
75
229
495
565
565
565
Race
Asian
5
173
231.236
103.412
5
525
5
15
25
295
525
525
525
525
Race
Some
Others
3
15
10
5.774
5
25
5
5
15
25
25
25
25
25
Race
Hispanic
3
350
330.114
190.591
15
675
15
15
360
675
675
675
675
675
Hispanic
No
148
188.926
233.749
19.214
1
930
5
15
60
369.5
565
630
700
748
Hispanic
Yes
5
243
279.701
125.086
15
675
15
15
150
360
675
675
675
675
Employment
*
16
84.188
146.714
36.678
3
505
3
12.5
17.5
69.5
390
505
505
505
Employment
Full
Time
84
283.571
263.755
28.778
3
930
5
17.5
230
540
630
680
748
930
Employment
Part
Time
16
104.188
147.369
36.842
5
390
5
12.5
17.5
187.5
359
390
390
390
Employment
Not
Employed
35
65.914
94.745
16.015
1
432
2
15
30
90
160
358
432
432
Employment
Refused
2
17.5
17.678
12.5
5
30
5
5
17.5
30
30
30
30
30
Education
*
18
95.056
153.879
36.27
3
505
3
10
17.5
79
390
505
505
505
Education
<
High
School
16
327.188
301.181
75.295
5
930
5
60
278
615
675
930
930
930
Education
High
School
Graduate
51
233.353
243.089
34.039
2
748
5
20
120
480
565
675
695
748
Education
<
College
32
253.469
252.8
44.689
2
700
5
15
157
517.5
595
680
700
700
Education
College
Graduate
19
72.895
126.321
28.98
1
508
1
5
20
90
295
508
508
508
Education
Post
Graduate
17
49
73.388
17.799
5
235
5
10
15
35
225
235
235
235
Census
Region
Northeast
29
247.31
257.069
47.737
2
930
3
30
120
432
600
748
930
930
Census
Region
Midwest
48
230.896
251.622
36.318
1
700
5
17.5
74.5
510
600
680
700
700
Census
Region
South
43
165.721
211.591
32.267
3
675
5
15
50
358
555
595
675
675
Census
Region
West
33
115
198.907
34.625
5
675
5
10
15
100
505
645
675
675
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
121
204.645
244.861
22.26
1
930
5
15
60
390
595
675
700
748
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
32
137.938
184.175
32.558
2
540
3
15
40
200
505
510
540
540
Season
Winter
28
177.143
258.088
48.774
2
930
5
15
30
355
595
700
930
930
Season
Spring
44
189.636
223.267
33.659
2
645
5
15
79.5
384.5
565
600
645
645
Season
Summer
52
171.692
223.809
31.037
1
680
3
10
30
347.5
540
675
675
680
Season
Fall
29
239.448
251.391
46.682
5
748
8
35
95
445
605
695
748
748
Asthma
No
145
191.29
235.288
19.54
1
930
5
15
60
360
565
645
700
748
Asthma
Yes
8
179.875
234.838
83.028
5
600
5
5
37.5
374.5
600
600
600
600
Angina
No
149
191.047
235.262
19.273
1
930
5
15
60
360
585
645
700
748
Angina
Yes
4
177.5
235.744
117.872
5
510
5
10
97.5
345
510
510
510
510
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
146
189.048
234.959
19.445
1
930
5
15
57.5
360
585
645
700
748
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
7
225
239.948
90.692
5
555
5
5
95
510
555
555
555
555
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
112
August
1997
Table
15­
96.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Numbr
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
a
Gym/
Health
Club
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
364
129.651
104.343
5.4691
5
686
30
60
110
155
240
320
525
600
Gender
Male
176
147.193
115.554
8.7102
5
686
30
77.5
120
175
285
360
533
660
Gender
Female
188
113.229
89.876
6.5549
5
660
30
60
92.5
135
200
279
420
560
Age
(
years)
*
6
202.5
227.854
93.0211
30
560
30
55
75
420
560
560
560
560
Age
(
years)
1­
4
5
156
29.875
13.3604
105
180
105
160
160
175
180
180
180
180
Age
(
years)
5­
11
28
105.286
69.537
13.1413
5
325
30
58
82.5
141
165
270
325
325
Age
(
years)
12­
17
39
165.385
122.056
19.5447
15
660
30
90
138
206
330
440
660
660
Age
(
years)
18­
64
254
123.134
98.827
6.2009
5
686
30
60
100
150
210
295
475
600
Age
(
years)
>
64
32
141.375
114.216
20.1907
10
533
30
60
103
173
292
340
533
533
Race
White
307
134.261
109.36
6.2415
5
686
30
65
110
164
255
330
533
600
Race
Black
30
117.7
75.418
13.7693
5
320
10
60
115
145
235
285
320
320
Race
Asian
10
75.2
36.484
11.5372
30
145
30
54
60
95
133
145
145
145
Race
Some
Others
11
112.909
69.077
20.8276
25
270
25
65
90
153
179
270
270
270
Race
Hispanic
4
83.75
42.696
21.3478
40
140
40
52.5
77.5
115
140
140
140
140
Race
Refused
2
57.5
3.536
2.5
55
60
55
55
57.5
60
60
60
60
60
Hispanic
No
345
132.017
105.901
5.7015
5
686
30
65
110
160
240
325
533
600
Hispanic
Yes
17
90.118
58.765
14.2527
5
255
5
60
90
115
140
255
255
255
Hispanic
Refused
2
57.5
3.536
2.5
55
60
55
55
57.5
60
60
60
60
60
Employment
*
72
139.625
103.274
12.171
5
660
30
76
120
165
265
330
440
660
Employment
Full
Time
176
131.193
112.511
8.4808
5
686
30
60
110
150
240
330
560
660
Employment
Part
Time
40
129.25
92.836
14.6787
25
420
35
60
95
168
285
325
420
420
Employment
Not
Employed
75
117.867
91.345
10.5477
5
533
25
60
90
145
230
285
475
533
Employment
Refused
1
40
*
*
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
Education
*
81
136.877
99.66
11.0733
5
660
30
75
120
164
215
325
440
660
Education
<
High
School
9
110.556
97.706
32.5688
10
300
10
30
80
165
300
300
300
300
Education
High
School
Graduate
61
128.475
110.005
14.0847
5
660
25
75
105
145
210
310
525
660
Education
<
College
71
145.634
129.073
15.3181
5
600
35
65
110
170
285
533
560
600
Education
College
Graduate
81
121.975
99.467
11.0519
15
686
30
60
98
135
220
285
420
686
Education
Post
Graduate
61
115.639
76.916
9.8481
10
415
40
60
90
145
225
265
320
415
Census
Region
Northeast
83
140.53
107.244
11.7716
20
660
40
70
120
170
240
330
600
660
Census
Region
Midwest
62
127
88.661
11.26
5
440
25
60
113
170
285
300
340
440
Census
Region
South
118
125.669
107.038
9.8537
5
660
15
60
105
150
240
330
533
540
Census
Region
West
101
126.99
108.452
10.7914
5
686
50
60
92
135
225
292
525
560
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
281
121.26
96.577
5.7613
5
686
30
60
98
145
210
295
475
560
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
83
158.06
123.652
13.5726
5
660
30
77
120
180
285
415
600
660
Season
Winter
127
139.795
108.258
9.6063
5
686
25
75
120
177
240
330
533
660
Season
Spring
85
141.459
115.229
12.4983
10
600
30
65
102
164
285
340
560
600
Season
Summer
81
109.864
87.411
9.7123
5
525
30
60
90
130
160
310
440
525
Season
Fall
71
119.944
98.963
11.7447
20
660
30
56
98
150
215
295
420
660
Asthma
No
333
132.39
106.796
5.8524
5
686
30
62
110
160
255
325
533
600
Asthma
Yes
28
100.071
69.387
13.113
5
330
25
60
86
118
210
230
330
330
Asthma
DK
3
101.667
55.752
32.1887
60
165
60
60
80
165
165
165
165
165
Angina
No
357
130.499
104.98
5.5561
5
686
30
62
110
155
240
325
525
600
Angina
Yes
4
90
47.61
23.8048
60
160
60
60
70
120
160
160
160
160
Angina
DK
3
81.667
65.256
37.6755
30
155
30
30
60
155
155
155
155
155
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
352
130.696
104.843
5.5882
5
686
30
61
110
158
240
320
525
600
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
10
97.3
92.848
29.361
10
330
10
45
76.5
120
245
330
330
330
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
2
107.5
67.175
47.5
60
155
60
60
108
155
155
155
155
155
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
113
Table
15­
97.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
the
Laundromat
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
40
99.275
85.209
13.4727
2
500
5
54.5
91
120
153
238
500
500
Gender
Male
9
150.222
146.822
48.9407
2
500
2
115
120
150
500
500
500
500
Gender
Female
31
84.484
51.822
9.3075
5
265
5
50
80
115
137
155
265
265
Age
(
years)
5­
11
3
80.667
17.926
10.3494
60
92
60
60
90
92
92
92
92
92
Age
(
years)
18­
64
33
101.182
91.724
15.967
2
500
5
50
90
120
155
265
500
500
Age
(
years)
>
64
4
97.5
63.574
31.7871
5
150
5
60
118
135
150
150
150
150
Race
White
31
102.161
93.832
16.8527
2
500
5
50
90
120
155
265
500
500
Race
Black
6
75.667
50.306
20.5372
5
130
5
34
85
115
130
130
130
130
Race
Hispanic
3
116.667
30.551
17.6383
90
150
90
90
110
150
150
150
150
150
Hispanic
No
37
97.865
88.241
14.5068
2
500
5
50
90
120
155
265
500
500
Hispanic
Yes
3
116.667
30.551
17.6383
90
150
90
90
110
150
150
150
150
150
Employment
*
3
80.667
17.926
10.3494
60
92
60
60
90
92
92
92
92
92
Employment
Full
Time
20
97.6
104.739
23.4203
2
500
4
42
83.5
115
143
328
500
500
Employment
Part
Time
4
127.5
91.879
45.9393
75
265
75
77.5
85
178
265
265
265
265
Employment
Not
Employed
13
97.462
60.852
16.8772
5
210
5
45
115
137
150
210
210
210
Education
*
3
80.667
17.926
10.3494
60
92
60
60
90
92
92
92
92
92
Education
<
High
School
6
95
53.292
21.7562
5
150
5
60
113
130
150
150
150
150
Education
High
School
Graduate
17
101.353
64.434
15.6275
5
265
5
59
90
120
210
265
265
265
Education
<
College
6
91.5
56.387
23.0199
10
155
10
34
115
120
155
155
155
155
Education
College
Graduate
7
126.429
168.219
63.5808
5
500
5
45
70
110
500
500
500
500
Education
Post
Graduate
1
2
*
*
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Census
Region
Northeast
6
168.667
166.465
67.9591
45
500
45
75
126
140
500
500
500
500
Census
Region
Midwest
8
94
60.328
21.3291
5
210
5
57.5
93.5
118
210
210
210
210
Census
Region
South
18
85.944
61.82
14.5711
2
265
2
50
76
115
155
265
265
265
Census
Region
West
8
82.5
52.915
18.7083
5
150
5
35
100
118
150
150
150
150
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
25
103.32
100.663
20.1326
2
500
5
50
90
115
155
265
500
500
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
15
92.533
52.697
13.6063
10
210
10
60
92
130
150
210
210
210
Season
Winter
11
86.455
57.98
17.4816
2
210
2
45
80
120
140
210
210
210
Season
Spring
12
85.583
71.678
20.6916
5
265
5
35
73.5
120
130
265
265
265
Season
Summer
12
118.667
125.78
36.3096
5
500
5
55
101
113
137
500
500
500
Season
Fall
5
113.8
48.422
21.655
34
155
34
115
115
150
155
155
155
155
Asthma
No
37
95.459
83.88
13.7897
2
500
5
50
90
120
150
210
500
500
Asthma
Yes
3
146.333
106.514
61.4962
59
265
59
59
115
265
265
265
265
265
Angina
No
40
99.275
85.209
13.4727
2
500
5
54.5
91
120
153
238
500
500
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
35
92.314
84.343
14.2565
2
500
5
50
90
115
130
210
500
500
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
5
148
83.262
37.2357
30
265
30
140
150
155
265
265
265
265
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
114
August
1997
Table
15­
98.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
Work
(
non­
specific)

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
137
393.949
242.649
20.731
5
979
15
180
440
555
662
810
940
960
Gender
Male
96
435.271
243.979
24.901
10
979
20
245
473
598
765
840
960
979
Gender
Female
41
297.195
212.415
33.174
5
780
15
90
280
495
550
590
780
780
Age
(
years)
*
4
568.75
394.723
197.362
90
940
90
248
623
890
940
940
940
940
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
200
70.711
50
150
250
150
150
200
250
250
250
250
250
Age
(
years)
5­
11
4
33.75
11.087
5.543
20
45
20
25
35
42.5
45
45
45
45
Age
(
years)
12­
17
2
207.5
166.17
117.5
90
325
90
90
208
325
325
325
325
325
Age
(
years)
18­
64
121
409.678
230.934
20.994
5
979
15
240
450
560
660
793
850
960
Age
(
years)
>
64
4
293.75
289.464
144.732
10
610
10
50
278
538
610
610
610
610
Race
White
113
397.903
235.199
22.126
5
979
15
210
450
555
660
780
940
960
Race
Black
13
379.231
286.501
79.461
10
850
10
85
405
510
810
850
850
850
Race
Some
Others
1
405
*
*
405
405
405
405
405
405
405
405
405
405
Race
Hispanic
9
314.778
266.161
88.72
30
793
30
95
245
440
793
793
793
793
Race
Refused
1
840
*
*
840
840
840
840
840
840
840
840
840
840
Hispanic
No
121
388.702
242.092
22.008
5
979
15
180
405
550
660
795
940
960
Hispanic
Yes
12
361.083
242.06
69.877
30
793
30
138
370
510
660
793
793
793
Hispanic
DK
2
585
35.355
25
560
610
560
560
585
610
610
610
610
610
Hispanic
Refused
2
717.5
173.241
122.5
595
840
595
595
718
840
840
840
840
840
Employment
*
8
118.75
113.916
40.275
20
325
20
35
67.5
200
325
325
325
325
Employment
Full
Time
97
440.732
237.56
24.121
10
979
15
300
480
585
690
815
960
979
Employment
Part
Time
21
341.19
188.235
41.076
30
795
115
240
330
435
590
610
795
795
Employment
Not
Employed
9
250.556
218.567
72.856
5
630
5
95
150
360
630
630
630
630
Employment
Refused
2
425
586.899
415
10
840
10
10
425
840
840
840
840
840
Education
*
11
234.091
266.306
80.294
20
840
20
40
150
325
610
840
840
840
Education
<
High
School
12
460.417
181.727
52.46
115
795
115
330
495
558
615
795
795
795
Education
High
School
Graduate
50
409.6
273.717
38.709
5
979
15
150
463
619
735
940
969.5
979
Education
<
College
29
368.897
237.58
44.117
10
850
10
160
405
510
660
765
850
850
Education
College
Graduate
22
405.682
184.225
39.277
90
815
150
240
375
540
595
645
815
815
Education
Post
Graduate
13
443.692
218.128
60.498
10
793
10
360
500
585
630
793
793
793
Census
Region
Northeast
22
405.545
193.817
41.322
15
765
90
320
398
540
660
662
765
765
Census
Region
Midwest
26
418.577
250.898
49.205
10
940
13
180
473
610
690
780
940
940
Census
Region
South
58
379.707
233.179
30.618
5
979
10
150
420
540
619
810
815
979
Census
Region
West
31
391.71
289.538
52.003
10
960
20
90
405
630
795
850
960
960
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
121
401.843
242.472
22.043
5
979
15
210
450
560
660
810
940
960
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
16
334.25
243.28
60.82
13
795
13
97.5
340
495
690
795
795
795
Season
Winter
42
390.81
241.456
37.257
10
960
30
175
405
550
660
765
960
960
Season
Spring
34
361.324
236.996
40.644
10
840
30
150
360
525
660
815
840
840
Season
Summer
41
400.902
262.9
41.058
5
979
13
210
450
570
690
810
979
979
Season
Fall
20
441.75
219.411
49.062
10
793
12.5
285
490
620
661
727.5
793
793
Asthma
No
124
393.218
237.29
21.309
5
960
20
180
440
553
660
795
850
940
Asthma
Yes
13
400.923
300.15
83.247
10
979
10
240
320
590
793
979
979
979
Angina
No
133
397.677
243.291
21.096
5
979
15
190
440
555
662
810
940
960
Angina
Yes
3
266.667
255.799
147.686
90
560
90
90
150
560
560
560
560
560
Angina
DK
1
280
*
*
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
131
397.13
242.048
21.148
5
979
20
180
440
555
662
810
940
960
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
5
333.4
299.365
133.88
10
619
10
13
460
565
619
619
619
619
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
280
*
*
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
115
Table
15­
99.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
the
Dry
Cleaners
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
34
82.029
151.651
26.008
2
515
5
5
10
90
325
500
515
515
Gender
Male
11
105.545
166.006
50.053
2
515
2
5
10
103
325
515
515
515
Gender
Female
23
70.783
146.839
30.618
5
500
5
5
10
35
300
485
500
500
Age
(
years)
*
1
485
*
*
485
485
485
485
485
485
485
485
485
485
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
20
21.213
15
5
35
5
5
20
35
35
35
35
35
Age
(
years)
18­
64
28
61.036
120.923
22.852
2
515
5
5
10
55
300
325
515
515
Age
(
years)
>
64
3
185
273.359
157.824
10
500
10
10
45
500
500
500
500
500
Race
White
25
70.72
143.744
28.749
2
515
5
5
10
35
300
485
515
515
Race
Black
7
131.429
198.95
75.196
5
500
5
10
20
325
500
500
500
500
Race
Some
Others
1
10
*
*
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Race
Hispanic
1
91
*
*
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
91
Hispanic
No
31
83.806
158.483
28.464
2
515
5
5
10
45
325
500
515
515
Hispanic
Yes
3
63.667
46.479
26.835
10
91
10
10
90
91
91
91
91
91
Employment
*
2
20
21.213
15
5
35
5
5
20
35
35
35
35
35
Employment
Full
Time
25
83.12
151.81
30.362
2
515
5
5
10
90
325
485
515
515
Employment
Part
Time
1
500
*
*
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
Employment
Not
Employed
6
28.5
33.934
13.853
5
91
5
10
10
45
91
91
91
91
Education
*
2
20
21.213
15
5
35
5
5
20
35
35
35
35
35
Education
<
High
School
4
234
209.191
104.595
45
500
45
68
196
400
500
500
500
500
Education
High
School
Graduate
8
84.125
165.008
58.339
5
485
5
13
17.5
62
485
485
485
485
Education
<
College
6
146.333
220.347
89.956
5
515
5
10
11.5
325
515
515
515
515
Education
College
Graduate
12
13.5
24.247
6.999
2
90
2
5
5
10
10
90
90
90
Education
Post
Graduate
2
50
63.64
45
5
95
5
5
50
95
95
95
95
95
Census
Region
Northeast
8
110
187.293
66.218
5
485
5
5
10
180
485
485
485
485
Census
Region
Midwest
10
19.1
30.101
9.519
5
103
5
5
7.5
20
61.5
103
103
103
Census
Region
South
8
197
211.975
74.945
15
515
15
30
93
400
515
515
515
515
Census
Region
West
8
17.75
29.359
10.38
2
90
2
5
10
10
90
90
90
90
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
23
93.957
172.77
36.025
2
515
5
5
10
90
485
500
515
515
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
11
57.091
95.985
28.941
5
325
5
5
10
95
103
325
325
325
Season
Winter
12
74.583
158.092
45.637
5
485
5
5
10
13
325
485
485
485
Season
Spring
4
44.5
41.685
20.843
10
103
10
15
32.5
74
103
103
103
103
Season
Summer
8
20.25
32.012
11.318
2
95
2
5
5
23
95
95
95
95
Season
Fall
10
155.4
205.739
65.061
5
515
5
13
55
300
507.5
515
515
515
Asthma
No
32
86.688
155.244
27.443
2
515
5
5
11.5
91
325
500
515
515
Asthma
Yes
2
7.5
3.536
2.5
5
10
5
5
7.5
10
10
10
10
10
Angina
No
33
83.909
153.599
26.738
2
515
5
5
10
90
325
500
515
515
Angina
Yes
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
33
84.061
153.532
26.726
2
515
5
5
10
90
325
500
515
515
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
116
August
1997
Table
15­
100.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
a
Bar/
Nightclub/
Bowling
Alley
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
352
175.818
132.206
7.047
3
870
30
90
150
222.5
328
487
570
615
Gender
Male
213
174.319
133.151
9.123
5
870
30
90
140
220
340
479
568
615
Gender
Female
139
178.115
131.191
11.127
3
630
30
95
150
225
300
530
600
605
Age
(
years)
*
4
158.75
98.011
49.006
75
300
75
98
130
220
300
300
300
300
Age
(
years)
5­
11
4
98.75
57.5
28.75
45
170
45
53
90
145
170
170
170
170
Age
(
years)
12­
17
8
151.25
77.678
27.463
50
270
50
80
160
205
270
270
270
270
Age
(
years)
18­
64
313
180.192
136.706
7.727
3
870
30
90
150
225
370
498
590
615
Age
(
years)
>
64
23
141.217
85.243
17.774
5
328
30
75
135
180
240
325
328
328
Race
White
297
173.623
132.592
7.694
3
870
30
90
140
220
328
487
590
630
Race
Black
25
205.44
126.551
25.31
50
540
60
120
180
240
417
498
540
540
Race
Asian
8
169.875
153.311
54.204
5
479
5
38
175
225
479
479
479
479
Race
Some
Others
7
197.286
187.607
70.909
70
615
70
110
135
185
615
615
615
615
Race
Hispanic
10
121.3
52.326
16.547
5
198
5
105
117.5
160
179
198
198
198
Race
Refused
5
246.6
127.153
56.864
73
410
73
180
270
300
410
410
410
410
Hispanic
No
327
177.131
134.457
7.435
3
870
30
90
150
225
340
489
590
615
Hispanic
Yes
20
144.9
85.08
19.024
5
440
38
110
120
160
221.5
342.5
440
440
Hispanic
DK
2
142.5
31.82
22.5
120
165
120
120
142.5
165
165
165
165
165
Hispanic
Refused
3
261
171.852
99.219
73
410
73
73
300
410
410
410
410
410
Employment
*
12
133.75
73.55
21.232
45
270
45
60
135
177.5
225
270
270
270
Employment
Full
Time
223
182.439
138.308
9.262
5
870
30
90
150
228
340
525
600
630
Employment
Part
Time
43
201.233
155.454
23.706
5
615
45
90
150
270
455
520
615
615
Employment
Not
Employed
70
146.3
97.375
11.639
3
479
30
73
122.5
180
255
328
462
479
Employment
Refused
4
176.25
115.136
57.568
45
300
45
83
180
270
300
300
300
300
Education
*
13
146.538
84.172
23.345
45
300
45
60
150
185
270
300
300
300
Education
<
High
School
28
218.036
170.225
32.17
60
870
75
120
174.5
235
420
568
870
870
Education
High
School
Graduate
117
177.778
130.078
12.026
3
630
25
90
150
225
360
489
540
570
Education
<
College
95
205.274
152.829
15.68
5
650
30
105
180
240
462
590
615
650
Education
College
Graduate
55
141.764
92.766
12.509
10
417
20
75
120
205
265
340
410
417
Education
Post
Graduate
44
131.364
90.209
13.599
30
400
30
60
110
177.5
265
290
400
400
Census
Region
Northeast
83
179.337
137.039
15.042
5
650
45
89
140
240
328
489
630
650
Census
Region
Midwest
88
169.818
126.238
13.457
5
615
30
90
147.5
211.5
299
487
568
615
Census
Region
South
91
175.714
132.028
13.84
3
870
35
90
148
225
270
462
570
870
Census
Region
West
90
178.544
135.533
14.286
5
605
30
85
152.5
225
407
479
590
605
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
192
167.458
133.473
9.633
5
650
30
80
120
210
340
520
590
605
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
160
185.85
130.378
10.307
3
870
45
108
165
228
321.5
474.5
568
630
Season
Winter
93
182.667
131.674
13.654
5
650
40
87
150
240
410
455
560
650
Season
Spring
83
186.12
147.597
16.201
5
870
30
90
140
230
380
498
570
870
Season
Summer
99
160.313
130.672
13.133
3
630
30
75
120
189
285
530
605
630
Season
Fall
77
176.377
117.154
13.351
15
615
30
100
165
220
299
410
600
615
Asthma
No
331
176.308
133.715
7.35
3
870
30
90
150
225
340
487
590
615
Asthma
Yes
18
169.444
108.978
25.686
60
530
60
105
135
210
270
530
530
530
Asthma
DK
3
160
124.9
72.111
60
300
60
60
120
300
300
300
300
300
Angina
No
345
176.98
132.759
7.148
3
870
30
90
150
225
340
487
590
615
Angina
Yes
5
82
47.249
21.131
5
120
5
75
90
120
120
120
120
120
Angina
DK
2
210
127.279
90
120
300
120
120
210
300
300
300
300
300
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
333
177.273
133.27
7.303
3
870
30
90
150
225
340
487
590
615
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
17
148.588
108.499
26.315
50
530
50
110
120
175
210
530
530
530
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
2
165
190.919
135
30
300
30
30
165
300
300
300
300
300
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
117
Table
15­
101.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
a
Restaurant
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2059
94.539
119.93
2.643
1
925
10
30
60
95
185
351
548
660
Gender
Male
986
87.498
114.17
3.6358
1
900
10
30
60
90
160
305
550
660
Gender
Female
1073
101.01
124.69
3.8065
1
925
10
40
60
105
230
380
540
670
Age
(
years)
*
30
126.13
138.22
25.2349
15
495
30
45
60
150
397.5
490
495
495
Age
(
years)
1­
4
61
62.705
47.701
6.1075
4
330
10
35
55
85
115
120
130
330
Age
(
years)
5­
11
84
56.69
38.144
4.1618
5
180
10
30
45
85
120
120
140
180
Age
(
years)
12­
17
122
69.836
78.361
7.0945
2
455
10
30
45
65
165
250
325
360
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1503
101.21
131.22
3.3846
1
925
10
30
60
105
211
400
570
675
Age
(
years)
>
64
259
83.583
83.517
5.1895
3
750
19
45
60
90
150
215
315
520
Race
White
1747
91.658
114.69
2.744
1
925
10
30
60
95
175
320
535
640
Race
Black
148
102.82
141.28
11.613
3
805
5
30
60
95
295
430
555
735
Race
Asian
37
81.297
78.948
12.979
15
480
18
30
60
90
135
200
480
480
Race
Some
Others
30
145.17
194.83
35.5705
5
765
10
45
82.5
120
432.5
750
765
765
Race
Hispanic
78
123
156.78
17.7518
10
700
15
40
60
110
375
585
660
700
Race
Refused
19
123.84
127.64
29.2833
20
480
20
30
70
210
330
480
480
480
Hispanic
No
1911
92.945
117.6
2.6901
1
925
10
30
60
95
180
330
542
645
Hispanic
Yes
129
116.7
147.95
13.0261
1
765
15
40
60
115
360
435
660
700
Hispanic
DK
5
76
134.32
60.0708
5
315
5
10
10
40
315
315
315
315
Hispanic
Refused
14
114.5
134.74
36.0117
30
480
30
30
60
90
330
480
480
480
Employment
*
263
62.251
57.907
3.5707
2
455
10
30
45
80
120
140
273
330
Employment
Full
Time
1063
105.48
142.37
4.3668
1
925
10
35
60
105
235
485
630
735
Employment
Part
Time
208
122.61
144.83
10.0423
1
805
5
32.5
65
122.5
320
441
595
660
Employment
Not
Employed
515
76.33
61.418
2.7064
3
490
15
40
60
90
145
195
260
315
Employment
Refused
10
135
133.52
42.223
30
425
30
60
82.5
135
377.5
425
425
425
Education
*
299
72.177
79.595
4.6031
1
548
10
30
50
85
130
250
360
480
Education
<
High
School
132
134.77
171.84
14.9567
5
925
10
30
60
151.5
375
535
700
750
Education
High
School
Graduate
590
99.439
136.32
5.612
3
910
10
35
60
90
202.5
435
645
680
Education
<
College
431
94.935
114.88
5.5338
1
770
10
35
60
105
180
340
550
640
Education
College
Graduate
359
89.515
104.13
5.4957
1
765
10
35
60
100
165
295
490
570
Education
Post
Graduate
248
95.012
109.37
6.9452
3
765
15
40
60
115
180
260
560
675
Census
Region
Northeast
409
94.379
113.64
5.619
2
765
15
35
60
100
210
330
507
585
Census
Region
Midwest
504
96.895
120.86
5.3833
1
805
10
30
60
105
190
340
560
675
Census
Region
South
680
92.666
125.1
4.7972
2
910
10
30
60
90
194.5
365
550
650
Census
Region
West
466
94.863
116.88
5.4145
1
925
10
30
60
110
175
375
535
640
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1291
97.338
128.83
3.5855
1
925
10
30
60
93
210
377
555
700
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
768
89.833
103.16
3.7224
1
770
10
36
60
105
155
280
510
620
Season
Winter
524
97.735
125.69
5.491
3
875
15
35
60
105
178
351
595
685
Season
Spring
559
91.642
109.7
4.6399
2
925
10
35
60
95
180
360
505
555
Season
Summer
556
95.121
123.03
5.2177
1
910
10
30
60
94
210
360
555
675
Season
Fall
420
93.636
121.74
5.9401
1
900
10
30
60
95
185
325
540
653
Asthma
No
1903
94.081
117.41
2.6915
1
910
10
35
60
100
180
330
545
653
Asthma
Yes
150
96.267
143.56
11.7219
4
925
10
30
45.5
90
237.5
485
590
670
Asthma
DK
6
196.33
220.89
90.1782
30
480
30
30
79
480
480
480
480
480
Angina
No
1998
94.926
120.73
2.701
1
925
10
30
60
100
190
355
550
660
Angina
Yes
50
68.98
53.608
7.5813
3
340
15
45
60
90
105
120
286
340
Angina
DK
11
140.27
171.27
51.6393
30
480
30
30
70
120
480
480
480
480
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1945
93.746
117.67
2.668
1
910
10
30
60
97
180
335
548
653
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
104
96.077
130.13
12.7602
5
925
15
30
60
90
235
360
500
620
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
10
232.8
288.24
91.1492
10
875
10
30
79
480
677.5
875
875
875
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
118
August
1997
Table
15­
102.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
School
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1224
343.35
179.099
5.119
1
995
10
210
395
454
540
585
660
723
Gender
Male
581
358.599
167.7
6.957
1
995
30
255
400
450
540
600
690
778
Gender
Female
643
329.572
187.875
7.409
1
855
5
180
390
455
540
582
640
683
Age
(
years)
*
18
314.056
230.927
54.43
5
713
5
165
247.5
520
625
713
713
713
Age
(
years)
1­
4
43
288.465
217.621
33.187
5
665
10
60
269
500
580
595
665
665
Age
(
years)
5­
11
302
396.308
109.216
6.285
5
665
170
365
403
445
535
565
625
640
Age
(
years)
12­
17
287
402.551
125.512
7.409
15
855
120
383
420
450
500
565
710
778
Age
(
years)
18­
64
550
295.422
207.294
8.839
1
995
5
104
300
460
552.5
612
683
785
Age
(
years)
>
64
24
187.708
187.012
38.174
2
585
3
45
120
327.5
480
510
585
585
Race
White
928
348.525
180.458
5.924
1
995
10
212.5
400
458
545
600
665
723
Race
Black
131
339.809
169.282
14.79
2
855
15
230
390
445
510
580
624
645
Race
Asian
39
332.385
179.918
28.81
5
840
20
190
365
450
560
580
840
840
Race
Some
Others
36
363.583
155.557
25.926
10
820
105
272.5
366
457.5
502
598
820
820
Race
Hispanic
76
294.039
175.697
20.154
2
565
10
142.5
362.5
432
495
525
540
565
Race
Refused
14
279.714
221.268
59.136
5
681
5
60
260
440
625
681
681
681
Hispanic
No
1082
344.924
179.58
5.459
1
995
10
210
395
455
540
598
665
730
Hispanic
Yes
127
333.016
173.803
15.423
2
820
15
200
390
445
500
565
600
630
Hispanic
DK
5
293
244.672
109.42
3
562
3
65
415
420
562
562
562
562
Hispanic
Refused
10
329.5
180.053
56.938
5
625
5
200
350
445
537.5
625
625
625
Employment
*
616
390.294
130.206
5.246
5
855
115
365
410
450
525
570
640
665
Employment
Full
Time
275
331.269
222.021
13.388
1
995
5
115
405
510
575
625
690
755
Employment
Part
Time
138
280.891
174.844
14.884
1
800
10
160
285
412
480
537
660
683
Employment
Not
Employed
190
258.674
199.529
14.475
1
855
5
60
262.5
410
527.5
572
778
840
Employment
Refused
5
166
179.074
80.084
5
440
5
5
180
200
440
440
440
440
Education
*
679
388.943
132.842
5.098
5
855
100
360
410
450
525
580
640
710
Education
<
High
School
24
233.333
179.648
36.67
1
540
2
30
297.5
373.5
460
465
540
540
Education
High
School
Graduate
114
186.649
193.608
18.133
1
785
4
20
107.5
295
480
580
645
690
Education
<
College
173
281.41
209.872
15.956
1
995
5
120
255
425
550
640
820
855
Education
College
Graduate
93
300.43
208.704
21.642
1
755
5
115
320
470
540
580
730
755
Education
Post
Graduate
141
373.525
193.443
16.291
1
683
15
250
442
510
575
615
655
680
Census
Region
Northeast
261
345.724
181.522
11.236
1
995
11
210
385
455
535
620
710
855
Census
Region
Midwest
290
334.445
176.652
10.373
1
730
10
180
390
440
530
585
645
683
Census
Region
South
427
354.037
178.547
8.641
1
855
10
235
415
462
540
575
640
755
Census
Region
West
246
332.78
180.277
11.494
1
820
15
195
377.5
440
555
595
681
713
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1179
346.838
177.477
5.169
1
995
10
222
395
455
540
585
655
723
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
45
251.978
198.543
29.597
20
820
40
105
180
360
555
632
820
820
Season
Winter
392
369.298
164.363
8.302
1
855
20
285
405
457
545
600
680
710
Season
Spring
353
355.057
165.488
8.808
1
855
12
250
400
455
535
575
636
713
Season
Summer
207
316.763
196.364
13.648
2
995
10
125
365
445
557
585
640
723
Season
Fall
272
310.996
195.332
11.844
1
855
5
120
365
445
540
595
660
778
Asthma
No
1095
342.779
179.195
5.415
1
995
10
200
390
455
540
585
660
723
Asthma
Yes
124
350.669
178.785
16.055
1
855
10
250
401.5
445
535
605
645
800
Asthma
DK
5
287
190.676
85.273
5
445
5
180
365
440
445
445
445
445
Angina
No
1209
344.629
178.874
5.144
1
995
10
210
395
455
540
595
660
723
Angina
Yes
9
205.778
169.545
56.515
15
510
15
90
180
275
510
510
510
510
Angina
DK
6
292.167
178.908
73.039
5
480
5
180
324
440
480
480
480
480
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1175
344.826
178.845
5.217
1
995
10
212
395
455
540
595
660
730
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
42
306.714
188.249
29.047
3
632
10
120
377.5
444
465
580
632
632
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
7
315.429
163.691
61.869
5
440
5
180
378
440
440
440
440
440
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
119
Table
15­
103.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
at
a
Plant/
Factory/
Warehouse
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
383
450.896
204.367
10.443
2
997
30
350
510
568
670
705
770
855
Gender
Male
271
460.458
205.102
12.459
2
997
30
365
515
575
675
720
780
870
Gender
Female
112
427.759
201.609
19.05
5
820
15
314.5
510
555
600
675
705
720
Age
(
years)
*
6
405.667
304.05
124.13
30
780
30
120
414.5
675
780
780
780
780
Age
(
years)
1­
4
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Age
(
years)
5­
11
2
107.5
123.744
87.5
20
195
20
20
107.5
195
195
195
195
195
Age
(
years)
12­
17
4
108
136.404
68.202
10
307
10
20
57.5
196
307
307
307
307
Age
(
years)
18­
64
353
463.683
196.321
10.449
5
997
30
385
520
570
670
705
770
855
Age
(
years)
>
64
17
347.765
210.909
51.153
2
705
2
180
450
495
550
705
705
705
Race
White
322
451.789
201.135
11.209
5
890
30
355
517.5
568
650
690
770
840
Race
Black
32
466.438
172.559
30.504
2
750
30
382.5
497.5
550
675
720
750
750
Race
Asian
3
263.333
378.462
218.51
30
700
30
30
60
700
700
700
700
700
Race
Some
Others
6
585.333
156.91
64.058
310
780
310
565
591
675
780
780
780
780
Race
Hispanic
15
385.8
231.348
59.734
5
765
5
230
435
515
760
765
765
765
Race
Refused
5
440.4
387.419
173.26
30
997
30
115
520
540
997
997
997
997
Hispanic
No
350
454.137
202.78
10.839
2
997
30
365
512.5
570
666.5
700
770
855
Hispanic
Yes
26
419.615
213.155
41.803
5
765
15
240
482.5
550
675
760
765
765
Hispanic
DK
2
425
162.635
115
310
540
310
310
425
540
540
540
540
540
Hispanic
Refused
5
397
314.833
140.8
30
780
30
115
520
540
780
780
780
780
Employment
*
7
95.286
113.83
43.024
10
307
10
20
30
195
307
307
307
307
Employment
Full
Time
333
481.417
185.222
10.15
5
997
50
440
525
580
675
720
780
855
Employment
Part
Time
23
359.87
170.619
35.577
40
585
45
240
390
505
527
535
585
585
Employment
Not
Employed
19
179.316
221.341
50.779
2
705
2
25
60
295
640
705
705
705
Employment
Refused
1
30
*
*
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Education
*
13
184
234.182
64.95
10
780
10
20
85
270
510
780
780
780
Education
<
High
School
38
491.237
195.919
31.782
2
855
5
435
525
600
705
765
855
855
Education
High
School
Graduate
190
465.374
188.699
13.69
5
997
30
380
520
565
667.5
705
760
890
Education
<
College
85
450.494
199.674
21.658
15
870
40
375
510
565
635
680
820
870
Education
College
Graduate
43
463.163
206.51
31.492
5
840
60
405
520
600
670
690
840
840
Education
Post
Graduate
14
357.5
255.702
68.339
10
700
10
90
355
550
675
700
700
700
Census
Region
Northeast
71
449.423
207.98
24.683
5
890
15
300
510
565
675
725
780
890
Census
Region
Midwest
113
462.035
196.506
18.486
2
997
30
405
520
570
640
700
770
820
Census
Region
South
136
465.912
199.315
17.091
5
870
20
382
522.5
570
670
720
840
855
Census
Region
West
63
400.159
221.13
27.86
10
760
30
185
490
550
675
690
710
760
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
319
476.445
190.875
10.687
5
997
30
435
525
580
675
710
770
855
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
64
323.547
222.63
27.829
2
820
10
107.5
357.5
507.5
560
620
780
820
Season
Winter
89
468.157
188.472
19.978
10
997
30
360
520
565
660
690
780
997
Season
Spring
91
445.198
212.648
22.292
10
870
30
270
505
570
675
760
840
870
Season
Summer
127
440.646
210.285
18.66
2
890
15
370
510
560
645
700
765
855
Season
Fall
76
454.632
204.721
23.483
5
760
30
352.5
520
591
675
690
720
760
Asthma
No
364
452.948
203.838
10.684
2
997
30
355
512.5
570
675
705
770
855
Asthma
Yes
17
412.353
187.025
45.36
20
580
20
340
495
540
550
580
580
580
Asthma
DK
2
405
530.33
375
30
780
30
30
405
780
780
780
780
780
Angina
No
375
453.928
202.31
10.447
2
997
30
360
515
570
670
705
770
855
Angina
Yes
5
231
168.389
75.306
60
475
60
90
230
300
475
475
475
475
Angina
DK
3
438.333
379.418
219.06
30
780
30
30
505
780
780
780
780
780
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
362
450.235
204.588
10.753
2
997
30
350
510
565
663
700
770
855
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
19
468.316
175.293
40.215
50
720
50
375
510
568
690
720
720
720
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
2
405
530.33
375
30
780
30
30
405
780
780
780
780
780
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
120
August
1997
Table
15­
104.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
on
a
Sidewalk,
Street,
or
in
the
Neighborhood
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
896
85.785
133.828
4.4709
1
1440
2
15
40
90
223
405
565
615
Gender
Male
409
108.775
168.11
8.3125
1
1440
3
20
45
120
330
525
615
710
Gender
Female
487
66.476
91.863
4.1627
1
580
1
15
35
75
152
255
435
465
Age
(
years)
*
15
72.533
69.418
17.9236
1
290
1
40
55
90
120
290
290
290
Age
(
years)
1­
4
30
54.8
52.731
9.6274
1
235
2
10
42.5
78
125
158
235
235
Age
(
years)
5­
11
75
110.813
116.76
13.4823
1
540
5
20
65
178
240
410
465
540
Age
(
years)
12­
17
74
52.554
74.776
8.6925
1
435
2
15
30
60
125
200
338
435
Age
(
years)
18­
64
580
94.279
153.933
6.3917
1
1440
2
15
40
82.5
277.5
480
600
690
Age
(
years)
>
64
122
59.418
61.519
5.5696
1
380
2
20
40
75
120
190
235
270
Race
White
727
85.735
136.504
5.0627
1
1440
2
15
41
90
215
405
570
675
Race
Black
87
89.184
132.669
14.2236
1
565
2
10
35
120
324
426
540
565
Race
Asian
11
88.727
114.01
34.3752
2
405
2
30
45
120
149
405
405
405
Race
Some
Others
18
80.556
105.981
24.98
10
420
10
20
40
75
240
420
420
420
Race
Hispanic
42
71.357
110.769
17.092
1
525
1
20
40
75
135
290
525
525
Race
Refused
11
122.909
117.699
35.4876
2
310
2
40
60
290
300
310
310
310
Hispanic
No
807
87.482
136.129
4.792
1
1440
2
15
45
90
225
410
565
600
Hispanic
Yes
79
67.797
110.301
12.4098
1
615
1
15
30
62
140
300
525
615
Hispanic
DK
1
2
*
*
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Hispanic
Refused
9
100.778
115.933
38.6443
2
310
2
40
60
90
310
310
310
310
Employment
*
176
79.182
96.345
7.2622
1
540
2
15
45
110
200
260
435
465
Employment
Full
Time
384
102.221
169.534
8.6515
1
1440
3
15
40.5
75
330
525
600
710
Employment
Part
Time
74
74.446
113.86
13.2359
1
795
1
15
42.5
86
180
255
390
795
Employment
Not
Employed
255
69.996
94.045
5.8893
1
615
1
15
40
85
152
270
380
485
Employment
Refused
7
45.143
36.64
13.8485
2
90
2
4
40
90
90
90
90
90
Education
*
198
74.914
92.253
6.5561
1
540
2
15
40.5
90
185
240
435
465
Education
<
High
School
56
131.232
247.289
33.0454
1
1440
1
15
40
118
465
710
735
1440
Education
High
School
Graduate
223
100.233
146.92
9.8385
1
795
5
20
45
95
275
480
600
680
Education
<
College
172
77.186
128.752
9.8173
1
675
1
10
30
75
180
435
570
600
Education
College
Graduate
138
76.275
106.589
9.0734
1
600
3
20
45
70
205
310
485
565
Education
Post
Graduate
109
78.229
121.311
11.6195
1
710
5
20
45
60
200
330
560
570
Census
Region
Northeast
202
89.134
132.343
9.3116
1
735
3
15
45
90
235
410
530
570
Census
Region
Midwest
193
87.855
153.329
11.0369
1
1440
2
15
30
85
240
355
565
600
Census
Region
South
298
79.943
125.46
7.2677
1
710
2
15
35
75
185
420
532
680
Census
Region
West
203
89.059
127.909
8.9775
1
795
1
20
45
105
210
300
570
615
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
642
86.684
143.938
5.6808
1
1440
2
15
40
80
223
426
585
680
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
254
83.512
104.207
6.5385
1
565
2
25
45
90
220
310
440
480
Season
Winter
210
73.548
144.308
9.9582
1
1440
1
15
33
60
160
270
560
710
Season
Spring
242
97.913
137.243
8.8223
1
795
4
25
45
120
240
435
570
675
Season
Summer
276
83.989
123.086
7.4089
1
690
4
15
45
90
200
420
525
580
Season
Fall
168
86.56
131.855
10.1729
1
710
2
15
40
90
240
405
600
615
Asthma
No
832
86.108
129.455
4.488
1
795
2
15
40
90
225
418
565
600
Asthma
Yes
57
85.596
193.133
25.5811
1
1440
1
15
35
90
180
235
260
1440
Asthma
DK
7
48.857
27.973
10.5727
2
90
2
30
60
60
90
90
90
90
Angina
No
857
86.177
134.897
4.608
1
1440
2
15
40
90
223
410
565
615
Angina
Yes
33
81.727
117.393
20.4356
1
465
1
17
45
60
250
380
465
465
Angina
DK
6
52
29.257
11.9443
2
90
2
40
60
60
90
90
90
90
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
855
84.837
132.316
4.5251
1
1440
2
15
40
85
225
405
560
600
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
34
117.735
176.429
30.2574
3
735
8
30
45
120
215
690
735
735
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
7
46.286
27.482
10.3871
2
90
2
32
40
60
90
90
90
90
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
121
Table
15­
105.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
in
a
Parking
Lot
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
226
70.721
126.651
8.425
1
910
2
10
20
60
190
309
510
580
Gender
Male
106
100.34
167.159
16.236
1
910
5
15
30
110
315
495
580
720
Gender
Female
120
44.558
64.826
5.918
1
295
1
5
20
46.5
167.5
187.5
248
285
Age
(
years)
*
3
135
195
112.58
15
360
15
15
30
360
360
360
360
360
Age
(
years)
1­
4
11
39.818
38.449
11.593
5
110
5
10
20
90
90
110
110
110
Age
(
years)
5­
11
5
62
63.699
28.487
5
170
5
30
45
60
170
170
170
170
Age
(
years)
12­
17
12
93.75
90.81
26.214
5
248
5
17.5
52
163
238
248
248
248
Age
(
years)
18­
64
182
69.984
132.655
9.833
1
910
2
10
20
60
190
309
550
720
Age
(
years)
>
64
13
74.462
127.9
35.473
1
465
1
10
25
60
180
465
465
465
Race
White
180
72.122
128.299
9.563
1
910
2
10
20.5
64
205
302
510
720
Race
Black
18
102.444
167.776
39.545
2
580
2
6
27.5
130
495
580
580
580
Race
Asian
3
21.667
7.638
4.41
15
30
15
15
20
30
30
30
30
30
Race
Some
Others
5
50
46.098
20.616
5
115
5
10
45
75
115
115
115
115
Race
Hispanic
17
25.706
39.365
9.547
1
165
1
10
10
20
60
165
165
165
Race
Refused
3
135
195
112.58
15
360
15
15
30
360
360
360
360
360
Hispanic
No
196
69.26
114.078
8.148
1
720
2
10
24
67.5
190
295
495
580
Hispanic
Yes
25
42.92
103.34
20.668
1
510
1
5
10
20
75
165
510
510
Hispanic
DK
2
465
629.325
445
20
910
20
20
465
910
910
910
910
910
Hispanic
Refused
3
135
195
112.58
15
360
15
15
30
360
360
360
360
360
Employment
*
26
55.577
59.88
11.743
5
238
5
15
30
90
145
170
238
238
Employment
Full
Time
117
83.325
155.119
14.341
1
910
2
10
20
60
240
495
580
720
Employment
Part
Time
37
75.378
114.734
18.862
1
465
1
5
21
90
180
450
465
465
Employment
Not
Employed
43
37.093
46.8
7.137
1
210
1
10
20
60
90
134
210
210
Employment
Refused
3
135
195
112.58
15
360
15
15
30
360
360
360
360
360
Education
*
33
69.697
85.644
14.909
1
360
5
15
30
90
180
248
360
360
Education
<
High
School
16
73.25
176.778
44.194
2
720
2
7.5
22.5
32.5
165
720
720
720
Education
High
School
Graduate
83
83
124.358
13.65
1
580
5
10
25
90
215
315
495
580
Education
<
College
49
75.898
162.674
23.239
1
910
2
10
20
60
210
450
910
910
Education
College
Graduate
23
48.783
107.169
22.346
1
510
2
5
10
30
130
135
510
510
Education
Post
Graduate
22
35.5
54.472
11.613
1
185
1
5
15
30
115
180
185
185
Census
Region
Northeast
56
57.357
82.622
11.041
1
495
1
12.5
27.5
75
135
180
295
495
Census
Region
Midwest
48
73.438
118.574
17.115
1
550
5
10
25
62.5
248
315
550
550
Census
Region
South
75
57.92
106.421
12.288
1
720
2
7
20
50
185
238
360
720
Census
Region
West
47
104.298
189.916
27.702
3
910
5
10
20
90
450
510
910
910
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
154
64.851
136.686
11.014
1
910
2
7
20
43
180
450
550
720
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
72
83.278
101.675
11.982
1
465
5
15
35
113
240
309
360
465
Season
Winter
45
50.533
64.702
9.645
2
309
5
15
30
63
130
180
309
309
Season
Spring
57
82.912
131.245
17.384
1
495
1
10
20
90
240
465
495
495
Season
Summer
75
72.027
146.21
16.883
1
910
2
10
20
60
205
315
580
910
Season
Fall
49
73.082
133.165
19.024
1
720
1
10
20
75
205
295
720
720
Asthma
No
204
62.98
109.369
7.657
1
720
2
10
20
60
180
248
495
510
Asthma
Yes
18
149.722
238.456
56.205
1
910
1
15
45
145
580
910
910
910
Asthma
DK
4
110
166.883
83.442
15
360
15
22.5
32.5
198
360
360
360
360
Angina
No
217
69.263
127.076
8.626
1
910
2
10
20
60
185
309
510
580
Angina
Yes
5
99.6
83.056
37.144
35
238
35
40
75
110
238
238
238
238
Angina
DK
4
113.75
164.792
82.396
15
360
15
22.5
40
205
360
360
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
211
65.555
114.21
7.863
1
720
2
10
20
60
180
295
495
550
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
11
142.364
265.976
80.195
1
910
1
10
40
180
240
910
910
910
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
4
146.25
160.799
80.399
15
360
15
22.5
105
270
360
360
360
360
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
122
August
1997
Table
15­
106.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Service
Station
or
Gas
Station
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
191
50.597
125.489
9.0801
1
790
5
5
10
20
105
365
570
645
Gender
Male
90
73.522
149.969
15.8082
1
645
5
5
10
30
325
495
600
645
Gender
Female
101
30.168
94.915
9.4444
2
790
5
5
10
15
44
105
180
510
Age
(
years)
*
1
86
*
*
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
Age
(
years)
1­
4
3
6.667
2.887
1.6667
5
10
5
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
Age
(
years)
5­
11
3
66.667
98.277
56.7401
5
180
5
5
15
180
180
180
180
180
Age
(
years)
12­
17
11
7.818
4.513
1.3606
1
15
1
5
5
10
15
15
15
15
Age
(
years)
18­
64
157
54.185
135.636
10.8249
2
790
5
5
10
15
110
390
570
645
Age
(
years)
>
64
16
47.813
69.497
17.3744
5
240
5
10
18
55
180
240
240
240
Race
White
170
50.941
124.015
9.5115
2
790
5
5
10
20
107.5
365
520
600
Race
Black
11
80.727
191.433
57.7192
4
645
4
5
5
44
140
645
645
645
Race
Asian
1
5
*
*
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Race
Some
Others
3
16.667
20.207
11.6667
5
40
5
5
5
40
40
40
40
40
Race
Hispanic
5
10.2
7.596
3.3971
1
20
1
5
10
15
20
20
20
20
Race
Refused
1
10
*
*
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Hispanic
No
179
53.056
129.15
9.6531
2
790
5
5
10
20
130
380
570
645
Hispanic
Yes
12
13.917
23.008
6.6418
1
86
1
5
7.5
10
15
86
86
86
Employment
*
16
18.813
43.196
10.799
1
180
1
5
7.5
12.5
15
180
180
180
Employment
Full
Time
110
55.827
136.782
13.0417
2
645
5
5
10
15
99
495
570
600
Employment
Part
Time
26
34.731
71.829
14.0868
3
355
5
5
10
25
100
130
355
355
Employment
Not
Employed
38
40.237
76.973
12.4867
4
380
5
5
10
20
140
240
380
380
Employment
Refused
1
790
*
*
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
Education
*
18
17.833
40.712
9.5958
1
180
1
5
7.5
15
15
180
180
180
Education
<
High
School
16
103
164.12
41.03
5
520
5
10
15
140
365
520
520
520
Education
High
School
Graduate
46
85.739
162.855
24.0116
3
645
5
5
10
85
380
495
645
645
Education
<
College
58
41.759
121.08
15.8986
2
790
4
5
13
20
60
110
510
790
Education
College
Graduate
30
36.633
111.641
20.3828
2
570
4
5
6.5
15
30
270
570
570
Education
Post
Graduate
23
10
6.396
1.3337
5
30
5
5
10
10
20
20
30
30
Census
Region
Northeast
33
59.697
149.173
25.9677
2
600
3
5
10
20
105
570
600
600
Census
Region
Midwest
48
28.563
77.552
11.1936
2
510
5
5
10
15
60
110
510
510
Census
Region
South
68
49.882
133.967
16.2459
1
790
5
5
10
15
130
295
645
790
Census
Region
West
42
69.786
135.545
20.9151
4
520
5
5
13
40
270
390
520
520
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
122
58.402
145.085
13.1354
2
790
5
5
10
20
130
495
600
645
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
69
36.797
79.004
9.5109
1
390
4
5
10
15
88
240
380
390
Season
Winter
56
37.536
100.602
13.4435
2
600
4
5
10
15
60
270
355
600
Season
Spring
54
80.13
157.514
21.4349
1
645
5
5
10
60
380
510
570
645
Season
Summer
51
46.51
137.689
19.2804
2
790
5
5
10
15
35
365
520
790
Season
Fall
30
28.767
58.93
10.7591
3
295
5
5
8.5
15
93
130
295
295
Asthma
No
174
53.517
130.777
9.9141
1
790
5
5
10
20
130
380
570
645
Asthma
Yes
16
15.75
25.736
6.434
2
110
2
5
7.5
15
20
110
110
110
Asthma
DK
1
100
*
*
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Angina
No
184
46.788
120.622
8.8923
1
790
5
5
10
15
88
295
570
645
Angina
Yes
7
150.714
206.81
78.1667
10
510
10
15
20
380
510
510
510
510
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
181
47.122
123.971
9.2147
1
790
5
5
10
15
85
295
570
645
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
10
113.5
142.946
45.2036
5
380
5
10
58
140
367.5
380
380
380
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
123
Table
15­
107.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Construction
Site
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
143
437.098
242.073
20.243
1
1190
10
240
510
600
675
740
930
985
Gender
Male
130
461.531
232.511
20.393
1
1190
10
300
522.5
600
688.5
745
930
985
Gender
Female
13
192.769
202.794
56.245
5
630
5
60
135
165
535
630
630
630
Age
(
years)
*
1
510
*
*
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
240
254.558
180
60
420
60
60
240
420
420
420
420
420
Age
(
years)
12­
17
1
10
*
*
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Age
(
years)
18­
64
133
444.549
243.017
21.072
1
1190
10
240
520
600
687
745
930
985
Age
(
years)
>
64
6
396.667
188.75
77.057
60
560
60
300
460
540
560
560
560
560
Race
White
125
430.872
247.432
22.131
5
1190
10
240
510
600
687
740
930
985
Race
Black
10
430.1
233.307
73.778
1
630
1
170
550
585
615
630
630
630
Race
Some
Others
2
492.5
60.104
42.5
450
535
450
450
492.5
535
535
535
535
535
Race
Hispanic
3
501.667
170.318
98.333
305
600
305
305
600
600
600
600
600
600
Race
Refused
3
618.333
166.458
96.105
510
810
510
510
535
810
810
810
810
810
Hispanic
No
129
426.202
247.087
21.755
1
1190
10
180
510
600
665
735
930
985
Hispanic
Yes
9
496.111
166.429
55.476
240
765
240
410
505
600
765
765
765
765
Hispanic
DK
2
577.5
180.312
127.5
450
705
450
450
577.5
705
705
705
705
705
Hispanic
Refused
3
635
156.125
90.139
510
810
510
510
585
810
810
810
810
810
Employment
*
3
163.333
223.681
129.142
10
420
10
10
60
420
420
420
420
420
Employment
Full
Time
127
456.803
236.198
20.959
1
1190
15
285
520
605
690
745
930
985
Employment
Part
Time
6
495.833
171.389
69.969
155
600
155
510
555
600
600
600
600
600
Employment
Not
Employed
7
146.571
162.79
61.529
5
430
5
6
60
300
430
430
430
430
Education
*
4
250
251.794
125.897
10
510
10
35
240
465
510
510
510
510
Education
<
High
School
12
500.833
227.035
65.539
60
930
60
375
525
592.5
735
930
930
930
Education
High
School
Graduate
68
482.162
228.976
27.767
5
1190
20
395
522.5
592.5
720
780
985
1190
Education
<
College
41
417.683
241.023
37.641
1
745
10
170
520
615
645
687
745
745
Education
College
Graduate
14
372.357
247.278
66.088
15
660
15
120
440
585
643
660
660
660
Education
Post
Graduate
4
92.5
137.265
68.632
5
295
5
7.5
35
177.5
295
295
295
295
Census
Region
Northeast
28
481.714
238.306
45.036
5
985
6
357.5
532.5
650
695
740
985
985
Census
Region
Midwest
30
343.967
231.025
42.179
5
810
10
120
342
525
637.5
660
810
810
Census
Region
South
57
474.018
248.301
32.888
1
1190
10
410
535
615
720
765
780
1190
Census
Region
West
28
417.107
226.287
42.764
15
930
60
235
500
570
630
656
930
930
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
121
455.116
238.494
21.681
5
1190
15
285
525
600
687
745
930
985
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
22
338
243.022
51.813
1
705
5
60
407.5
525
600
645
705
705
Season
Winter
34
418.5
268.44
46.037
1
1190
5
155
505
570
645
695
1190
1190
Season
Spring
33
412.242
223.533
38.912
10
810
60
230
490
570
635
740
810
810
Season
Summer
46
477.739
221.422
32.647
10
985
60
325
515
630
705
745
985
985
Season
Fall
30
423.2
264.183
48.233
5
930
6
135
532.5
585
700
780
930
930
Asthma
No
137
437.161
243.531
20.806
1
1190
10
240
510
600
675
745
930
985
Asthma
Yes
6
435.667
225.957
92.247
60
690
60
354
440
630
690
690
690
690
Angina
No
139
439.108
242.331
20.554
1
1190
10
240
510
600
687
745
930
985
Angina
Yes
4
367.25
256.288
128.144
10
570
10
182
444.5
552.5
570
570
570
570
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
140
433.257
240.003
20.284
1
1190
10
240
510
600
670
737.5
810
930
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
3
616.333
328.664
189.755
354
985
354
354
510
985
985
985
985
985
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
124
August
1997
Table
15­
108.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
on
School
Grounds/
Playground
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
259
98.386
110.056
6.839
1
690
5
30
70
120
208
300
540
570
Gender
Male
0.136
118.007
126.395
10.84
1
690
10
35
85
148.5
255
370
555
625
Gender
Female
123
76.691
83.861
7.562
1
570
5
20
51
120
180
225
270
440
Age
(
years)
*
2
275
374.767
265
10
540
10
10
275
540
540
540
540
540
Age
(
years)
1­
4
9
85
61.084
20.36
10
175
10
30
65
140
175
175
175
175
Age
(
years)
5­
11
64
88.016
95.638
11.96
5
625
10
30
60
120
170
220
315
625
Age
(
years)
12­
17
76
78.658
88.179
10.12
3
570
5
25
55
105
165
225
370
570
Age
(
years)
18­
64
101
119.812
127.563
12.69
1
690
5
30
85
165
240
360
540
555
Age
(
years)
>
64
7
65
47.258
17.86
5
150
5
30
60
95
150
150
150
150
Race
White
208
98.212
106.512
7.385
1
690
9
30
70
125
190
281
510
555
Race
Black
23
128.435
157.54
32.85
5
570
5
25
67
170
300
540
570
570
Race
Asian
6
59
66.076
26.98
10
179
10
10
35
85
179
179
179
179
Race
Some
Others
7
70
59.652
22.55
10
180
10
10
60
105
180
180
180
180
Race
Hispanic
15
83.733
102.972
26.59
1
370
1
10
30
120
228
370
370
370
Hispanic
No
225
102.613
113.686
7.579
3
690
9
30
70
125
210
300
540
570
Hispanic
Yes
32
71.219
79.899
14.12
1
370
1
12.5
32.5
110
150
228
370
370
Hispanic
DK
2
57.5
31.82
22.5
35
80
35
35
57.5
80
80
80
80
80
Employment
*
143
80.161
88.031
7.362
3
625
9
25
55
115
160
215
315
570
Employment
Full
Time
48
130.271
127.162
18.35
1
555
10
40
85
180
300
360
555
555
Employment
Part
Time
24
129.708
158.934
32.44
3
690
10
35
85
143.5
228
510
690
690
Employment
Not
Employed
42
95.429
94.776
14.62
1
440
5
30
80
120
180
235
440
440
Employment
Refused
2
322.5
307.591
217.5
105
540
105
105
323
540
540
540
540
540
Education
*
162
86.593
94.553
7.429
3
625
10
27
60
120
170
220
370
570
Education
<
High
School
11
124.818
171.918
51.84
1
540
1
5
45
180
345
540
540
540
Education
High
School
Graduate
33
113.636
110.669
19.27
3
555
5
30
90
160
240
290
555
555
Education
<
College
19
129.842
147.389
33.81
5
510
5
33
70
210
440
510
510
510
Education
College
Graduate
19
122.105
149.938
34.4
5
690
5
50
85
125
235
690
690
690
Education
Post
Graduate
15
102.933
98.093
25.33
1
360
1
30
75
125
235
360
360
360
Census
Region
Northeast
66
105.955
115.248
14.19
5
690
10
30
85
150
190
281
540
690
Census
Region
Midwest
53
86.057
109.203
15
3
540
5
20
50
115
190
290
510
540
Census
Region
South
82
85.463
92.353
10.2
1
570
5
30
60
115
180
255
360
570
Census
Region
West
58
119.31
125.638
16.5
1
625
10
30
85
160
235
440
555
625
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
205
87.02
105.524
7.37
1
625
5
25
55
115
180
240
540
555
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
54
141.537
117.065
15.93
10
690
25
67
113
180
290
345
440
690
Season
Winter
53
72.189
101.951
14
1
555
3
20
35
85
130
315
440
/
555
Season
Spring
88
108.614
96.502
10.29
5
540
10
45
85
147.5
215
255
510
540
Season
Summer
65
116.446
137.897
17.1
5
690
10
30
75
135
270
360
625
690
Season
Fall
53
85.453
96.241
13.22
5
540
5
20
55
120
180
235
345
540
Asthma
No
237
100.941
113.236
7.355
1
690
5
30
70
120
215
315
540
570
Asthma
Yes
22
70.864
61.977
13.21
5
179
10
15
45
145
160
165
179
179
Angina
No
254
99.118
110.809
6.953
1
690
5
30
68.5
120
208
300
540
570
Angina
Yes
5
61.2
53.383
23.87
1
130
1
15
70
90
130
130
130
130
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
248
100.565
111.621
7.088
1
690
5
30
71
125
210
300
540
570
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
10
52.7
45.363
14.35
9
160
9
22
44
60
125
160
160
160
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
125
Table
15­
109.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Park/
Golf
Course
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
506
198.603
190.248
8.4575
1
1065
20
60
135
270
465
590
748
870
Gender
Male
291
205.825
183.101
10.7336
1
1015
25
60
150
285
510
590
730
755
Gender
Female
214
187.748
199.367
13.6284
5
1065
15
55
120
250
435
590
870
930
Gender
Refused
1
420
*
*
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
Age
(
years)
*
10
122.4
60.183
19.0317
30
225
30
60
120
160
202
225
225
225
Age
(
years)
1­
4
21
149.857
176.25
38.4609
21
755
25
50
85
150
360
425
755
755
Age
(
years)
5­
11
54
207.556
184.496
25.1068
25
665
35
70
125
275
555
635
660
665
Age
(
years)
12­
17
52
238.462
242.198
33.5869
15
1065
15
60
147.5
337.5
590
840
915
1065
Age
(
years)
18­
64
314
197.838
185.939
10.4931
1
1015
20
60
150
270
440
580
748
870
Age
(
years)
>
64
55
188.964
182.919
24.6648
10
735
20
30
120
300
510
570
590
735
Race
White
441
205.338
195.266
9.2984
1
1065
20
60
150
275
480
605
795
915
Race
Black
19
114.474
103.667
23.7829
15
425
15
30
90
155
240
425
425
425
Race
Asian
8
185.625
233.398
82.5186
30
665
30
32.5
47.5
315
665
665
665
665
Race
Some
Others
16
171.25
154.229
38.5572
30
560
30
58
119.5
235
405
560
560
560
Race
Hispanic
20
169.45
135.803
30.3664
30
555
32.5
77
145
205
372.5
495
555
555
Race
Refused
2
75
63.64
45
30
120
30
30
75
120
120
120
120
120
Hispanic
No
469
202.706
193.555
8.9376
1
1065
20
60
135
270
480
605
755
915
Hispanic
Yes
34
154.824
135.043
23.1596
15
555
30
60
137.5
175
310
555
555
555
Hispanic
DK
1
10
*
*
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Hispanic
Refused
2
75
63.64
45
30
120
30
30
75
120
120
120
120
120
Employment
*
128
208.242
209.644
18.5301
15
1065
25
60
120
275
555
645
840
915
Employment
Full
Time
201
195.831
188.984
13.3299
8
1015
25
60
135
270
450
570
748
930
Employment
Part
Time
41
213.488
215.602
33.6714
20
870
20
60
132
260
540
660
870
870
Employment
Not
Employed
132
190.932
166.019
14.4501
1
810
15
60
160
270
420
525
730
735
Employment
Refused
4
130
106.771
53.3854
30
280
30
60
105
200
280
280
280
280
Education
*
140
202.743
204.676
17.2983
15
1065
20.5
60
120
270
498.5
640
840
915
Education
<
High
School
32
180.844
207.784
36.7315
30
995
30
30
110
245
385
570
995
995
Education
High
School
Graduate
108
219.676
197.223
18.9778
10
1015
20
77.5
162.5
281
545
625
730
810
Education
<
College
93
191.57
171.177
17.7502
1
870
15
60
150
275
440
510
748
870
Education
College
Graduate
83
203.53
183.095
20.0973
5
930
23
60
145
270
450
590
795
930
Education
Post
Graduate
50
157.76
166.568
23.5562
10
735
20
45
75
255
337.5
555
703
735
Census
Region
Northeast
106
184.858
177.429
17.2334
1
1065
20
60
124
240
450
574
635
660
Census
Region
Midwest
124
194.629
188.667
16.9428
10
1015
30
60
135
255
420
590
735
995
Census
Region
South
136
218.846
211.474
18.1337
10
930
20
60
150
325
525
720
840
915
Census
Region
West
140
192.864
179.421
15.1639
5
870
17.5
58
131
272.5
430
575
755
810
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
276
195.996
189.287
11.3938
5
1015
20
60
145
252.5
510
625
748
840
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
230
201.73
191.76
12.6443
1
1065
20
60
130
280
454.5
580
810
915
Season
Winter
83
209.072
195.228
21.429
15
1065
30
60
165
275
440
660
795
1065
Season
Spring
163
168.479
159.071
12.4594
8
930
20
50
120
235
360
510
570
755
Season
Summer
192
219.615
199.872
14.4245
5
1015
20
65
155
290
535
630
840
915
Season
Fall
68
198.706
217.911
26.4256
1
995
20
60
117.5
280
555
735
810
995
Asthma
No
466
192.127
178.759
8.2808
1
1015
20
60
135
270
450
580
700
755
Asthma
Yes
38
284.526
288.727
46.8377
30
1065
35
90
170
390
870
995
1
65
1065
Asthma
DK
2
75
63.64
45
30
120
30
30
75
120
120
120
120
120
Angina
No
494
197.881
189.761
8.5378
1
1065
20
60
135
270
459
590
755
915
Angina
Yes
9
247.778
235.267
78.4224
35
730
35
60
120
330
730
730
730
730
Angina
DK
3
170
170.587
98.4886
30
360
30
30
120
360
360
360
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
490
196.978
184.633
8.3409
1
1065
20
60
145
270
454.5
585
735
840
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
14
273.143
339.073
90.6211
20
995
20
75
100
280
930
995
995
995
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
2
75
63.64
45
30
120
30
30
75
120
120
120
120
120
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
126
August
1997
Table
15­
110.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Pool/
River/
Lake
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
283
209.555
185.668
11.037
5
1440
25
60
150
296
480
570
670
690
Gender
Male
152
229.829
202.702
16.441
10
1440
30
82.5
174
305
510
600
690
900
Gender
Female
131
186.031
161.293
14.092
5
645
20
60
135
280
440
550
630
630
Age
(
years)
*
6
175
156.971
64.083
60
480
60
85
115
195
480
480
480
480
Age
(
years)
1­
4
14
250.571
177.508
47.441
90
630
90
130
167.5
370
560
630
630
630
Age
(
years)
5­
11
29
175.448
117.875
21.889
25
390
30
60
145
293
365
375
390
390
Age
(
years)
12­
17
22
128.318
94.389
20.124
40
420
58
60
82.5
210
225
235
420
420
Age
(
years)
18­
64
187
224.492
203.822
14.905
5
1440
20
60
150
320
511
615
690
900
Age
(
years)
>
64
25
194.2
161.757
32.351
20
525
30
60
115
277
480
510
525
525
Race
White
246
201.565
182.298
11.623
5
1440
25
60
145
285
440
560
670
690
Race
Black
12
380.583
231.89
66.941
20
690
20
177.5
450
562.5
615
690
690
690
Race
Asian
4
265
247.083
123.54
30
505
30
52.5
262.5
477.5
505
505
505
505
Race
Some
Others
5
237
129.933
58.108
70
435
70
220
225
235
435
435
435
435
Race
Hispanic
12
161
131.699
38.018
20
390
20
52.5
112.5
265
375
390
390
390
Race
Refused
4
243.75
208.621
104.31
90
550
90
115
167.5
372.5
550
550
550
550
Hispanic
No
259
208.923
187.792
11.669
5
1440
25
60
150
295
480
585
670
690
Hispanic
Yes
20
210.9
160.142
35.809
20
540
28.5
87.5
155
337.5
450.5
525.5
540
540
Hispanic
Refused
4
243.75
208.621
104.31
90
550
90
115
167.5
372.5
550
550
550
550
Employment
*
66
176.879
131.256
16.156
25
630
40
70
142.5
235
370
420
560
630
Employment
Full
Time
119
210.748
176.089
16.142
10
900
20
65
150
298
510
600
645
670
Employment
Part
Time
26
217.038
199.926
39.209
20
670
30
60
120
320
570
580
670
670
Employment
Not
Employed
69
238.884
236.16
28.43
5
1440
20
65
145
370
510
630
690
1440
Employment
Refused
3
141.667
52.52
30.322
90
195
90
90
140
195
195
195
195
195
Education
*
73
172.932
129.988
15.214
20
630
30
70
140
225
370
420
560
630
Education
<
High
School
18
267.611
159.382
37.567
40
600
40
145
247.5
375
525
600
600
600
Education
High
School
Graduate
69
213.217
224.126
26.982
10
1440
20
60
145
285
511
670
690
1440
Education
<
College
62
233.258
192.408
24.436
5
690
30
65
150
360
550
580
615
690
Education
College
Graduate
37
230.919
187.271
30.787
14
645
20
70
173
400
505
630
645
645
Education
Post
Graduate
24
172.708
196.977
40.208
20
900
25
45
112.5
240
370
480
900
900
Census
Region
Northeast
61
220.689
172.373
22.07
30
900
30
60
180
325
390
510
670
900
Census
Region
Midwest
41
219.22
257.201
40.168
10
1440
20
60
120
280
480
600
1440
1440
Census
Region
South
111
182.198
161.288
15.309
5
670
20
60
118
280
420
525
630
645
Census
Region
West
70
237.571
181.838
21.734
25
690
40
90
180
300
547.5
615
690
690
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
165
188.77
179.894
14.005
10
1440
30
60
125
255
420
511
615
670
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
118
238.619
190.432
17.531
5
900
20
75
187.5
350
555
630
690
690
Season
Winter
30
173.167
181.68
33.17
20
630
20
40
102.5
270
492.5
585
630
630
Season
Spring
77
206.468
163.551
18.638
15
690
30
80
180
288
480
555
670
690
Season
Summer
151
219.709
196.809
16.016
5
1440
26
65
155
300
445
580
630
900
Season
Fall
25
201.4
189.663
37.933
20
670
45
70
105
310
510
510
670
670
Asthma
No
262
209.004
188.208
11.628
5
1440
25
60
150
295
480
580
670
690
Asthma
Yes
17
238.824
161.966
39.282
15
570
15
105
225
350
525
570
570
570
Asthma
DK
4
121.25
59.214
29.607
60
195
60
75
115
167.5
195
195
195
195
Angina
No
272
205.897
185.199
11.229
5
1440
25
60
145
290.5
480
570
645
690
Angina
Yes
8
359.375
178.774
63.206
60
690
60
287.5
340
435
690
690
690
690
Angina
DK
3
141.667
52.52
30.322
90
195
90
90
140
195
195
195
195
195
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
266
210.974
189.082
11.593
5
1440
25
60
150
296
480
580
670
690
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
14
197.143
131.54
35.156
15
440
15
90
172.5
300
370
440
440
440
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
3
141.667
52.52
30.322
90
195
90
90
140
195
195
195
195
195
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
127
Table
15­
111.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Restaurant/
Picnic
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
64
81.016
114.7
14.337
3
540
5
12.5
30
107.5
165
270
540
540
Gender
Male
31
111.839
148.921
26.747
5
540
5
20
60
150
270
540
540
540
Gender
Female
33
52.061
57.66
10.037
3
210
3
8
30
80
135
180
210
210
Age
(
years)
1­
4
6
57.5
61.38
25.058
5
160
5
15
30
105
160
160
160
160
Age
(
years)
5­
11
5
112.8
202.59
90.601
5
473
5
6
20
60
473
473
473
473
Age
(
years)
12­
17
6
60
55.408
22.62
5
150
5
30
35
105
150
150
150
150
Age
(
years)
18­
64
46
84.804
116.85
17.229
3
540
5
10
50
120
180
270
540
540
Age
(
years)
>
64
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Race
White
54
76
105.032
14.293
3
540
5
15
30
105
165
270
473
540
Race
Black
4
57.75
83.108
41.554
5
180
5
5.5
23
110
180
180
180
180
Race
Asian
1
75
*
*
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
Race
Some
Others
2
97.5
31.82
22.5
75
120
75
75
97.5
120
120
120
120
120
Race
Hispanic
2
20
14.142
10
10
30
10
10
20
30
30
30
30
30
Race
Refused
1
540
*
*
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
Hispanic
No
60
81.833
117.521
15.172
3
540
5
12.5
30
107.5
172.5
371.5
540
540
Hispanic
Yes
4
68.75
66.63
33.315
10
160
10
20
52.5
117.5
160
160
160
160
Employment
*
17
74.647
114.206
27.699
5
473
5
15
30
105
160
473
473
473
Employment
Full
Time
37
70.838
67.86
11.156
3
270
5
15
55
120
165
210
270
270
Employment
Part
Time
4
42
32.031
16.016
3
75
3
16.5
45
67.5
75
75
75
75
Employment
Not
Employed
6
187.833
272.841
111.387
5
540
5
7
17.5
540
540
540
540
540
Education
*
18
70.667
112.076
26.416
3
473
3
6
30
105
160
473
473
473
Education
<
High
School
1
540
*
*
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
Education
High
School
Graduate
11
56.182
84.536
25.489
3
270
3
10
20
60
165
270
270
270
Education
<
College
10
108.6
164.611
52.055
5
540
5
7
30
150
352.5
540
540
540
Education
College
Graduate
11
68.636
59.544
17.953
10
210
10
20
55
110
120
210
210
210
Education
Post
Graduate
13
70.308
53.494
14.836
6
180
6
15
75
80
140
180
180
180
Census
Region
Northeast
19
88.105
116.181
26.654
3
473
3
10
60
120
270
473
473
473
Census
Region
Midwest
15
102.6
140.685
36.325
3
540
3
15
45
165
210
540
540
540
Census
Region
South
16
48.563
47.25
11.812
5
140
5
8.5
30
92.5
120
140
140
140
Census
Region
West
14
85.357
138.737
37.079
10
540
10
15
30
75
160
540
540
540
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
35
51.2
52.665
8.902
3
180
3
15
30
75
150
165
180
180
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
29
117
154.21
28.636
5
540
5
10
60
135
473
540
540
540
Season
Winter
8
79.375
75.187
26.583
10
210
10
20
52.5
135
210
210
210
210
Season
Spring
14
138.429
172.811
46.186
5
540
5
30
65
180
473
540
540
540
Season
Summer
28
71
105.063
19.855
3
540
3
7.5
35
100
150
160
540
540
Season
Fall
14
44.571
52.2
13.951
5
165
5
10
20
60
150
165
165
165
Asthma
No
61
82.131
117.182
15.004
3
540
5
10
30
110
165
270
540
540
Asthma
Yes
3
58.333
40.723
23.511
30
105
30
30
40
105
105
105
105
105
Angina
No
63
82.222
115.211
14.515
3
540
5
15
30
110
165
270
540
540
Angina
Yes
1
5
*
*
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
63
81.667
115.502
14.552
3
540
5
10
30
110
165
270
540
540
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
1
40
*
*
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
128
August
1997
Table
15­
112.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
at
a
Farm
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
128
252.703
232.537
20.554
5
955
20
75
176.5
427.5
600
730
855
933
Gender
Male
86
305.186
251.432
27.113
5
955
29
90
230
500
660
780
933
955
Gender
Female
42
145.238
137.207
21.171
5
600
20
50
105
210
265
482
600
600
Age
(
years)
*
1
510
*
*
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
510
Age
(
years)
1­
4
3
121.667
52.52
30.322
70
175
70
70
120
175
175
175
175
175
Age
(
years)
5­
11
7
111.286
76.952
29.085
25
264
25
50
100
130
264
264
264
264
Age
(
years)
12­
17
9
157.778
85.416
28.472
29
265
29
90
175
265
265
265
256
265
Age
(
years)
18­
64
91
296.67
252.209
26.439
5
955
20
80
230
500
635
780
933
955
Age
(
years)
>
64
17
133.824
134.182
32.544
5
495
5
50
85
160
360
495
495
495
Race
White
120
260.217
236.226
21.564
5
955
20
75
180
472.5
607.5
745
855
933
Race
Black
4
58.75
30.923
15.462
25
85
25
32.5
62.5
85
85
85
85
85
Race
Some
Others
2
165
21.213
15
150
180
150
150
165
180
180
180
180
180
Race
Hispanic
2
277.5
222.739
157.5
120
435
120
120
277.5
435
435
435
435
435
Hispanic
No
123
252.61
234.762
21.168
5
955
20
70
178
420
600
730
855
933
Hispanic
Yes
4
297.5
189.143
94.571
120
485
120
135
292..
5
460
485
485
485
485
Hispanic
Refused
1
85
*
*
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
Employment
*
19
134.947
77.658
17.816
25
265
25
86
120
180
264
265
265
265
Employment
Full
Time
73
314.781
258.07
30.205
5
955
20
85
240
525
660
780
933
955
Employment
Part
Time
11
283
183.589
55.354
45
525
45
150
230
490
495
525
525
525
Employment
Not
Employed
24
152.917
183.977
37.554
5
825
5
35
90
205
280
495
825
825
E
mployment
Refused
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Education
*
20
137.2
76.255
17.051
25
265
27
88
120
180
262
264.5
265
265
Education
<
High
School
12
305
211.058
60.927
30
635
30
97.5
325
492.5
510
635
635
635
Education
High
School
Graduate
50
314.54
280.31
39.642
5
955
20
85
215
525
745
855
944
955
Education
<
College
25
186.6
165.994
33.199
5
555
15
60
155
255
482
525
555
555
Education
College
Graduate
12
290.417
242.903
70.12
30
615
30
67.5
202.5
530
600
615
615
615
Education
Post
Graduate
9
229.444
246.062
82.021
5
780
5
80
150
210
780
780
780
780
Census
Region
Northeast
11
238.182
299.143
90.195
5
955
5
30
100
490
520
955
955
955
Census
Region
Midwest
42
202.31
196.644
30.343
15
780
20
654
125
265
510
635
780
780
Census
Region
South
57
279.702
239.345
31.702
5
933
25
85
195
482
635
760
825
933
Census
Region
West
18
293.667
242.324
57.116
5
855
5
120
220
525
615
855
855
855
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
78
276.859
243.801
27.605
5
955
15
85
180
485
615
780
933
955
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
50
215.02
210.635
29.788
5
855
25
60
120
290
525
700
792.5
855
Season
Winter
32
205.25
207.666
36.711
5
955
22
77.5
120
245
495
540
955
955
Season
Spring
40
224.4
213.304
33.726
5
825
25
60
152.5
342.5
525
625
825
825
Season
Summer
43
276.093
247.758
37.783
5
933
20
70
230
435
660
760
933
933
Season
Fall
13
379.231
264.904
73.471
15
780
15
200
280
600
730
780
780
780
Asthma
No
120
256.983
235.209
21.472
5
955
21
75
180
427.5
607.5
745
855
933
Asthma
Yes
8
188.5
188.481
66.638
5
500
5
700
110
321.5
500
500
500
500
Angina
No
127
253.039
233.426
20.713
5
955
20
75
175
435
600
730
855
933
Angina
Yes
1
210
*
*
210
210
210
210
210
210
210
210
210
210
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
125
256.208
233.892
20.92
5
955
22
75
178
435
600
730
855
933
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
3
106.667
95.699
55.252
5
195
5
5
120
195
195
195
195
195
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
129
Table
15­
113.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Kitchen
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
7063
92.646
94.207
1.121
1
1320
10
30
60
120
205
270
365
460
Gender
Male
2988
74.998
80.79
1.478
1
840
10
30
55
90
155
215
300
392
Gender
Female
4072
105.636
101.03
1.5832
1
1320
10
35
75
145
230
295
395
475
Gender
Refused
3
40
31.225
18.028
15
75
15
15
30
75
75
75
75
75
Age
(
years)
*
144
102.688
110.82
9.235
5
840
15
30
70
130
215
260
485
540
Age
(
years)
1­
4
335
73.719
54.382
2.9712
5
392
15
30
60
100
140
180
225
240
Age
(
years)
5­
11
477
60.468
52.988
2.4262
1
690
10
30
50
75
120
150
180
235
Age
(
years)
12­
17
396
55.02
58.111
2.9202
1
450
5
15
36
65
125
155
240
340
Age
(
years)
18­
64
4531
90.313
90.893
1.3503
1
1320
10
30
60
120
200
260
345
420
Age
(
years)
>
64
1180
131.388
119.55
3.4802
3
825
15
49
100
172
275
360
490
620
Race
White
5827
95.076
95.151
1.2465
1
840
10
30
65
120
210
273
380
465
Race
Black
641
79.376
91.989
3.6333
2
1320
10
30
60
100
175
230
275
380
Race
Asian
113
89.363
95.45
8.9792
5
690
10
30
75
115
150
220
265
650
Race
Some
Others
119
69.059
60.786
5.5722
2
315
7
30
55
90
150
195
210
315
Race
Hispanic
266
84.203
77.297
4.7394
1
585
10
30
60
110
190
240
305
360
Race
Refused
97
90.33
113.55
11.53
5
880
7
30
60
90
190
275
480
880
Hispanic
No
6458
93.422
94.778
1.1794
1
1320
10
30
60
120
210
270
370
460
Hispanic
Yes
497
83.889
82.921
3.7195
1
675
10
30
60
110
180
240
315
415
Hispanic
DK
32
82.25
71.901
12.71
5
300
10
35
60
112.5
185
240
300
300
Hispanic
Refused
76
88.421
118.56
13.6
5
880
7
30
60
90
190
240
480
880
Employment
*
1200
62.348
55.431
1.6001
1
690
10
30
50
85
125
152.5
212.5
260
Employment
Full
Time
2965
77.748
77.466
1.4227
1
840
10
30
60
100
165
225
300
376
Employment
Part
Time
608
97.699
94.046
3.8141
1
755
10
30
70
133.5
213
270
405
445
Employment
Not
Employed
2239
126.929
115.78
2.4468
1
1320
12
45
95
175
270
342
470
545
Employment
Refused
51
106.373
168.46
23.589
2
880
5
30
48
130
210
250
840
880
Education
*
1346
63.922
62.315
1.6985
1
880
10
30
50
85
130
165
235
285
Education
<
High
School
678
108.114
102.88
3.9511
1
775
10
34
80
150
230
295
405
545
Education
High
School
Graduate
2043
107.208
102.33
2.264
1
840
10
35
75
150
235
300
415
500
Education
<
College
1348
94.359
101.17
2.7555
1
1320
10
30
60
120
210
280
380
450
Education
College
Graduate
933
91.874
92.098
3.0152
2
840
10
30
60
120
200
261
330
410
Education
Post
Graduate
715
88.227
87.661
3.2783
1
770
10
30
60
113
190
260
380
405
Census
Region
Northeast
1645
99.632
99.739
2.4591
1
840
10
30
70
130
210
300
390
465
Census
Region
Midwest
1601
96.066
93.567
2.3384
1
833
10
30
65
125
213
270
355
450
Census
Region
South
2383
86.253
87.055
1.7833
1
880
10
30
60
115
190
245
330
420
Census
Region
West
1434
91.441
99.061
2.6159
1
1320
10
30
60
119
195
255
380
480
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
4849
90.068
92.218
1.3243
1
1320
10
30
60
119
195
255
360
450
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2214
98.294
98.207
2.0871
1
840
10
30
65.5
135
220
280
390
480
Season
Winter
1938
96.575
100.32
2.2787
1
1320
10
30
65
120
210
285
390
485
Season
Spring
1780
89.02
90.187
2.1376
1
840
10
30
60
120
195
255
350
420
Season
Summer
1890
89.316
90.984
2.0928
1
880
10
30
60
120
195
255
362
430
Season
Fall
1455
96.177
94.494
2.4773
1
770
10
30
65
125
210
275
375
470
Asthma
No
6510
92.448
93.602
1.1601
1
1320
10
30
60
120
205
270
365
450
Asthma
Yes
503
94.038
96.001
4.2805
1
785
10
30
60
120
210
270
345
450
Asthma
DK
50
104.44
143.73
20.326
7
880
10
30
60
120
195
240
712.5
880
Angina
No
6798
91.625
93.03
1.1283
1
1320
10
30
60
120
200
265
360
450
Angina
Yes
207
122.469
111.41
7.7437
4
657
10
45
100
155
255
360
415
620
Angina
DK
58
105.948
138.38
18.17
2
880
10
30
60
135
240
240
545
880
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
6671
91.827
92.587
1.1336
1
1320
10
30
60
120
200
265
360
445
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
338
104.784
113.39
6.1676
1
825
10
30
71
135
225
300
480
657
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
54
117.889
142.41
19.38
2
880
10
30
76
160
240
275
545
880
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
130
August
1997
Table
15­
114.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
the
Bathroom
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
6661
35.0237
48.796
0.5979
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
90
137
255
Gender
Male
3006
32.689
50.366
0.9186
1
870
5
15
20.5
35
60
75
150
300
Gender
Female
3653
36.9491
47.399
0.7842
1
665
5
15
30
45
70
90
135
240
Gender
Refused
2
27.5
3.536
2.5
25
30
25
25
27.5
30
30
30
30
30
Age
(
years)
*
122
43.8689
67.007
6.0665
2
530
5
15
30
45
85
120
300
360
Age
(
years)
1­
4
328
35.939
46.499
2.5675
1
600
10
15
30
40
60
75
125
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
490
30.9673
38.609
1.7442
1
535
5
15
27
35
52.5
60
100
200
Age
(
years)
12­
17
445
29.0517
32.934
1.5612
1
547
5
15
20
35
60
65
90
100
Age
(
years)
18­
64
4486
34.4884
46.067
0.6878
1
665
5
15
25
40
60
90
135
250
Age
(
years)
>
64
790
42.1975
69.431
2.4703
1
870
5
15
30
45
75
120
240
360
Race
White
5338
34.3164
48.628
0.6656
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
85
135
255
Race
Black
711
36.8678
39.559
1.4836
1
460
5
15
30
45
70
98
135
186
Race
Asian
117
33.5556
41.449
3.8319
5
375
5
15
25
40
60
90
110
210
Race
Some
Others
134
47.306
69.649
6.0167
1
535
5
15
30
45
95
120
315
422
Race
Hispanic
283
38.6396
61.494
3.6554
1
546
5
15
24
45
60
80
270
425
Race
Refused
78
34.6026
49.182
5.5687
3
360
5
10
20
35
60
135
165
360
Hispanic
No
6067
34.5332
45.887
0.5891
1
705
5
15
25
40
60
90
135
240
Hispanic
Yes
498
39.2309
68.582
3.0733
1
870
5
15
25
45
60
90
270
425
Hispanic
DK
33
44.4242
72.269
12.58
5
422
10
15
30
45
60
120
422
422
Hispanic
Refused
63
44.0794
95.224
11.997
3
665
5
10
20
35
60
150
360
665
Employment
*
1240
31.9645
39.652
1.1261
1
600
5
15
30
35
60
70
100
180
Employment
Full
Time
3130
33.4086
44.827
0.8012
1
595
5
15
25
40
60
80
123
240
Employment
Part
Time
583
35.5232
43.932
1.8195
1
430
5
15
29
45
60
90
140
270
Employment
Not
Employed
1661
40.1854
61.587
1.5111
1
870
5
15
30
45
75
110
210
340
Employment
Refused
47
34.6809
54.835
7.9986
3
360
5
15
25
30
55
75
360
360
Education
*
1386
32.1717
42.788
1.1493
1
665
5
15
25
35
60
70
110
200
Education
<
High
School
522
40.8736
64.533
2.8245
1
870
5
15
30
45
70
100
240
350
Education
High
School
Graduate
1857
35.832
50.155
1.1639
1
600
5
15
25
40
63
90
135
270
Education
<
College
1305
36.0797
44.121
1.2214
1
540
5
15
25
45
70
95
150
225
Education
College
Graduate
913
34.9912
54.071
1.7895
1
705
5
15
20
40
60
90
150
340
Education
Post
Graduate
678
32.1475
42.82
1.6445
1
460
5
15
22
40
60
75
110
300
Census
Region
Northeast
1497
34.3287
51.244
1.3244
1
600
5
15
25
40
60
80
140
335
Census
Region
Midwest
1465
35.7802
54.521
1.4245
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
90
145
315
Census
Region
South
2340
35.0739
42.003
0.8683
1
510
5
15
30
40
60
90
135
214
Census
Region
West
1359
34.8874
50.399
1.3671
1
705
5
15
25
40
60
90
140
250
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
4613
33.9035
46.663
0.687
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
85
135
240
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2048
37.5469
53.214
1.1759
1
600
5
15
30
45
65
90
150
300
Season
Winter
1853
37.0232
50.658
1.1768
1
665
5
15
30
42
65
90
150
270
Season
Spring
1747
36.6474
50.536
1.2091
1
870
5
15
30
45
60
90
135
240
Season
Summer
1772
32.7788
44.543
1.0582
1
570
5
15
25
38
60
80
135
210
Season
Fall
1289
33.0349
49.108
1.3678
1
540
5
11
20
35
60
90
140
303
Asthma
No
6132
34.9204
48.833
0.6236
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
90
135
255
Asthma
Yes
493
35.2495
38.157
1.7185
1
410
5
15
30
45
65
90
140
220
Asthma
DK
36
49.5278
121.114
20.186
3
665
5
10
17.5
30
60
360
665
665
Angina
No
6473
34.5801
46.79
0.5816
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
90
135
240
Angina
Yes
145
51.9103
88.284
7.3316
3
600
7
20
30
45
75
185
546
570
Angina
DK
43
44.8605
111.216
16.96
3
665
5
10
15
30
50
110
665
665
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
6327
34.8211
48.073
0.6044
1
870
5
15
25
40
60
90
135
255
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
296
36.8378
47.481
2.7598
1
600
5
15
30
43.5
60
90
180
250
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
38
54.6316
122.723
19.908
3
665
5
10
17.5
30
110
360
665
665
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
131
Table
15­
115.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Bedroom
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
9151
563.12
184.644
1.9302
3
1440
300
460
540
660
780
880
1005
1141
Gender
Male
4157
549.648
182.976
2.8379
3
1440
285
450
540
640
780
860
980
1095
Gender
Female
4990
574.274
185.332
2.6236
5
1440
312
470
555
660
790
900
1030
1185
Gender
Refused
4
648.75
122.772
61.386
540
785
540
545
635
752.5
785
785
785
785
Age
(
years)
*
184
525.065
193.498
14.265
15
1440
195
420
513
600
720
860
950
1295
Age
(
years)
1­
4
488
741.988
167.051
7.562
30
1440
489
635
740
840
930
990
1095
1200
Age
(
years)
5­
11
689
669.144
162.888
6.2055
35
1440
435
600
665
740
840
915
1065
1140
Age
(
years)
12­
17
577
636.189
210.883
8.7792
15
1375
165
542
645
750
875
970
1040
1210
Age
(
years)
18­
64
5891
532.699
172.964
2.2535
3
1440
295
440
520
610
723
820
975
1110
Age
(
years)
>
64
1322
550.8
171.997
4.7305
15
1440
315
475
540
610
735
840
1000
1140
Race
White
7403
553.424
175.912
2.0445
3
1440
300
455
540
640
760
850
975
1105
Race
Black
923
612.33
219.9
7.2381
15
1440
300
480
597
725
895
990
1160
1323
Race
Asian
153
612.261
187.417
15.152
25
1285
345
510
600
705
830
950
1005
1245
Race
Some
Others
174
590.713
200.214
15.178
15
1405
300
464
580
700
830
960
1050
1152
Race
Hispanic
378
602.577
214.353
11.025
25
1440
265
480
587.5
720
865
958
1095
1213
Race
Refused
120
555.842
198.564
18.126
30
1405
285
440
534
630
762.5
875
1290
1295
Hispanic
No
8326
560.878
182.574
2.0009
3
1440
300
460
540
650
780
870
1000
1140
Hispanic
Yes
684
597.402
206.333
7.8893
15
1440
300
480
585
713
840
958
1095
1200
Hispanic
DK
43
542.279
169.881
25.907
135
1002
300
420
555
660
756
830
1002
1002
Hispanic
Refused
98
523.439
180.194
18.202
30
1295
255
415
515
600
735
795
930
1295
Employment
*
1736
679.52
185.535
4.453
15
1440
390
590
675
785
892
960
1065
1170
Employment
Full
Time
3992
513.454
157.599
2.4943
3
1440
283
435
510
585
680
765
890
1000
Employment
Part
Time
777
551.613
169.425
6.0781
15
1335
330
455
540
630
750
835
1005
1100
Employment
Not
Employed
2578
566.409
191.218
3.7661
5
1440
300
478
540
650
780
905
1095
1223
Employment
Refused
68
513.971
209.558
25.413
30
1440
210
420
497.5
585
725
795
1200
1440
Education
*
1925
668.265
188.751
4.302
15
1440
360
575
663
780
885
960
1060
1170
Education
<
High
School
807
554.809
180.581
6.3567
5
1440
300
450
540
630
775
860
1015
1160
Education
High
School
Graduate
2549
534.057
176.208
3.4901
3
1440
285
447
520
607
720
835
975
1151
Education
<
College
1740
539.07
176.123
4.2222
5
1440
282
450
530
615
735
825
1005
1135
Education
College
Graduate
1223
526.025
164.899
4.7152
15
1404
300
445
515
600
713
785
965
1070
Education
Post
Graduate
907
525.192
160.567
5.3315
3
1355
315
445
510
600
690
780
950
1095
Census
Region
Northeast
2037
561.515
185.273
4.105
5
1440
300
457
540
655
781
885
1020
1139
Census
Region
Midwest
2045
552.402
179.232
3.9634
3
1440
280
450
540
643
765
860
965
1035
Census
Region
South
3156
570.023
186.38
3.3177
10
1440
300
465
552
660
790
900
1055
1155
Census
Region
West
1913
564.897
186.373
4.2611
5
1440
305
460
540
660
793
875
995
1152
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
6169
552.611
174.489
2.2216
3
1440
325
450
539
635
760
855
975
1130
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2982
584.861
202.361
3.7057
3
1440
223
480
570
690
825
920
1055
1170
Season
Winter
2475
576
183.782
3.6942
5
1440
305
475
555
660
805
900
1035
1148
Season
Spring
2365
558.956
176.729
3.6341
15
1440
315
455
540
655
770
855
960
1095
Season
Summer
2461
566.114
195.229
3.9354
3
1440
285
455
545
660
810
900
1030
1190
Season
Fall
1850
547.23
179.924
4.1832
3
1440
270
450
537.5
630
750
850
960
1100
Asthma
No
8420
560.814
182.769
1.9918
3
1440
300
460
540
655
780
870
1000
1140
Asthma
Yes
671
593.846
201.517
7.7795
30
1440
300
475
580
690
835
946
1060
1327
Asthma
DK
60
543.117
218.404
28.196
30
1295
223
423
540
605
760
982.5
1275
1295
Angina
No
8836
564.211
183.935
1.9568
3
1440
300
460
540
660
785
880
1005
1140
Angina
Yes
244
535.545
203.888
13.053
20
1440
215
450
522.5
612.5
770
840
1135
1230
Angina
DK
71
522.113
193.937
23.016
30
1295
180
420
540
600
690
820
990
1295
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
8660
563.08
184.244
1.9799
3
1440
300
460
540
660
780
880
1005
1141
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
423
570.102
192.041
9.3373
15
1440
294
450
555
660
795
900
1055
1110
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
68
524.765
186.701
22.641
30
1295
240
420
540
600
700
820
930
1295
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
132
August
1997
Table
15­
116.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Garage
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
193
117.782
144.451
10.398
1
790
5
20
60
150
296
480
665
690
Gender
Male
120
144.058
162.612
14.844
2
790
10
30
93.5
182.5
315
518
675
690
Gender
Female
73
74.589
94.322
11.04
1
530
5
15
30
120
180
240
450
530
Age
(
years)
*
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Age
(
years)
1­
4
4
83.5
47.459
23.729
15
120
15
52
99.5
115
120
120
120
120
Age
(
years)
5­
11
6
63.333
63.377
25.874
10
165
10
25
30
120
165
165
165
165
Age
(
years)
12­
17
12
80.833
78.383
22.627
10
240
10
20
50.5
147.5
185
240
240
240
Age
(
years)
18­
64
130
134.508
165.117
14.482
1
790
5
20
67.5
180
360
526
675
690
Age
(
years)
>
64
40
88.55
84.108
13.299
5
300
7.5
25
60
142.5
227.5
270
300
300
Race
White
165
109.509
127.523
9.928
1
690
5
20
60
135
240
315
526
675
Race
Black
12
205
219.483
63.359
5
570
5
37.5
90
405
530
570
570
570
Race
Asian
1
5
*
*
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Race
Some
Others
6
186.333
308.416
125.91
10
790
10
18
30
240
790
790
790
790
Race
Hispanic
8
120
164.859
58.287
15
510
15
22.5
60
135
510
510
510
510
Race
Refused
1
120
*
*
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
Hispanic
No
174
116.615
138.452
10.496
1
690
5
20
60
155
296
460
570
675
Hispanic
Yes
17
128.588
207.294
50.276
5
790
5
20
60
110
510
790
790
790
Hispanic
Refused
2
127.5
10.607
7.5
120
135
120
120
127.5
135
135
135
135
135
Employment
*
21
79.714
67.545
14.74
10
240
15
25
51
120
165
185
240
240
Employment
Full
Time
85
145.259
175.17
19
1
790
5
20
65
180
405
530
675
790
Employment
Part
Time
17
50.118
51.967
12.604
5
194
5
15
30
60
135
194
194
194
Employment
Not
Employed
70
112.271
127.392
15.226
5
690
5
30
75
135
255
450
480
690
Education
*
22
76.545
67.572
14.406
10
240
10
20
50.5
120
165
185
240
240
Education
<
High
School
14
188.929
195.036
52.126
5
675
5
30
120
235
510
675
675
675
Education
High
School
Graduate
63
127.286
159.283
20.068
2
690
5
25
60
165
300
530
665
690
Education
<
College
48
121.583
147.764
21.328
5
790
10
30
60
140
296
450
790
790
Education
College
Graduate
25
118.2
145.773
29.155
5
480
5
20
60
120
405
460
480
480
Education
Post
Graduate
21
75.857
88.067
19.218
1
300
2
10
30
120
195
260
300
300
Census
Region
Northeast
23
137.174
159.451
33.248
5
510
15
30
60
195
460
510
510
510
Census
Region
Midwest
42
131.381
166.398
25.676
10
690
20
40
87.5
120
260
665
690
690
Census
Region
South
60
103.683
128.598
16.602
2
570
5
12.5
52.5
127.5
283
427.5
480
570
Census
Region
West
68
115.265
139.682
16.939
1
790
5
20
72.5
152.5
300
315
530
790
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
116
128.664
158.968
14.76
1
790
5
25
60
165
315
510
665
690
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
77
101.39
118.416
13.495
2
675
10
20
60
120
240
300
526
675
Season
Winter
51
115.608
161.848
22.663
2
690
5
15
50
150
240
526
665
690
Season
Spring
59
136.763
163.341
21.265
5
790
10
30
90
165
315
570
675
790
Season
Summer
51
101.078
121.329
16.989
1
530
5
20
60
120
260
450
460
530
Season
Fall
32
112.875
110.217
19.484
5
480
10
25
85
157.5
240
315
480
480
Asthma
No
184
118.598
146.349
10.789
1
790
5
25
60
150
300
480
665
690
Asthma
Yes
9
101.111
102.585
34.195
5
270
5
15
60
180
270
270
270
270
Angina
No
187
118.219
146.174
10.689
1
790
5
20
60
150
300
480
665
690
Angina
Yes
6
104.167
78.639
32.104
10
220
10
25
110
150
220
220
220
220
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
185
114.146
142.947
10.51
1
790
5
20
60
135
260
480
665
690
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
8
201.875
163.64
57.856
15
450
15
60
177.5
337.5
450
450
450
450
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
133
Table
15­
117.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
the
Basement
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
274
142.15
162.882
9.84
1
931
10
30
90
180
330
535
705
765
Gender
Male
132
160.386
180.747
15.732
1
931
10
40
90
202.5
490
565
720
765
Gender
Female
141
125.66
143.283
12.067
2
810
10
30
75
175
265
420
705
720
Gender
Refused
1
60
*
*
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Age
(
years)
*
3
171.667
122.712
70.848
30
245
30
30
240
245
245
245
245
245
Age
(
years)
1­
4
8
94.75
55.695
19.691
28
180
28
47.5
90
137.5
180
180
180
180
Age
(
years)
5­
11
25
135.4
145.945
29.189
15
705
15
60
105
140
270
420
705
705
Age
(
years)
12­
17
26
97.462
113.063
22.173
1
515
10
30
60
150
240
275
515
515
Age
(
years)
18­
64
170
151.271
172.66
13.242
1
810
5
30
90
210
410
555
720
765
Age
(
years)
>
64
42
143.833
173.502
26.772
5
931
10
40
90
170
330
455
931
931
Race
White
248
133.75
154.08
9.784
1
810
10
30
90
167.5
315
510
705
720
Race
Black
15
183.8
165.472
42.725
12
515
12
40
150
270
450
515
515
515
Race
Asian
2
135
106.066
75
60
210
60
60
135
210
210
210
210
210
Race
Some
Others
3
468.667
455.654
263.072
20
931
20
20
455
931
931
931
931
931
Race
Hispanic
1
30
*
*
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Race
Refused
5
263.2
173.071
77.4
60
540
60
231
240
245
540
540
540
540
Hispanic
No
263
139.046
161.666
9.969
1
931
10
30
90
180
330
510
705
765
Hispanic
Yes
6
185
197.332
80.561
15
555
15
30
150
210
555
555
555
555
Hispanic
DK
1
185
*
*
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
Hispanic
Refused
4
271.25
198.762
99.381
60
540
60
150
242.5
392.5
540
540
540
540
Employment
*
57
115.561
124.205
16.451
1
705
12
40
90
150
240
420
515
705
Employment
Full
Time
107
149.075
178.633
17.269
1
810
5
30
75
210
450
540
720
765
Employment
Part
Time
22
115
114.808
24.477
10
535
25
60
77.5
150
185
290
535
535
Employment
Not
Employed
85
157.953
176.347
19.128
5
931
10
35
120
210
330
600
720
931
Employment
Refused
3
151.667
110.265
63.661
30
245
30
30
180
245
245
245
245
245
Education
*
65
129.492
133.447
16.552
1
705
15
45
90
160
270
420
535
705
Education
<
High
School
15
169.867
203.464
52.534
5
605
5
30
90
255
565
605
605
605
Education
High
School
Graduate
78
159.385
188.681
21.364
5
810
5
40
90
195
420
720
765
810
Education
<
College
48
160.583
184.204
26.588
2
931
10
25
120
202.5
400
600
931
931
Education
College
Graduate
39
146.744
150.808
24.149
10
555
10
30
70
210
450
510
555
555
Education
Post
Graduate
29
73.138
66.272
12.306
1
245
10
30
60
100
210
210
245
245
Census
Region
Northeast
90
115.611
118.744
12.517
5
555
10
40
72.5
150
250
400
540
555
Census
Region
Midwest
123
129.024
146.939
13.249
2
765
10
30
90
180
270
510
605
630
Census
Region
South
35
187.971
205.847
34.794
10
931
28
45
110
255
450
720
931
931
Census
Region
West
26
234.423
247.688
48.576
1
810
1
30
165
325
705
720
810
810
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
178
135.331
159.404
11.948
1
810
10
30
82.5
180
315
535
720
765
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
96
154.792
169.263
17.275
5
931
10
50
97.5
190
450
540
600
931
Season
Winter
80
144.475
147.022
16.438
5
630
13.5
30
90
220.5
315
480
610
630
Season
Spring
65
174.215
196.783
24.408
1
931
5
60
105
210
490
555
810
931
Season
Summer
79
142.367
180.698
20.33
1
765
5
30
85
150
455
605
720
765
Season
Fall
50
96.4
83.08
11.749
5
332
10
30
60
145
240
255
301
332
Asthma
No
253
143.126
164.183
10.322
1
931
10
35
90
180
330
540
705
765
Asthma
Yes
20
124.65
150.961
33.756
1
510
5.5
16
72.5
177.5
382.5
510
510
510
Asthma
DK
1
245
*
*
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
Angina
No
269
141.409
163.736
9.983
1
931
10
30
90
180
330
535
705
765
Angina
Yes
3
201.667
122.1
70.494
65
300
65
65
240
300
300
300
300
300
Angina
DK
2
152.5
130.815
92.5
60
245
60
60
152.5
245
245
245
245
245
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
265
138.996
160.98
9.889
1
931
10
30
90
180
330
515
705
765
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
8
233.75
214.172
75.721
20
605
20
67.5
180
375
605
605
605
605
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
245
*
*
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
245
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
134
August
1997
Table
15­
118.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Utility
Room
or
Laundry
Room
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
458
73.218
71.872
3.358
1
510
5
25
60
100
150
200
300
360
Gender
Male
70
78.443
95.687
11.437
1
510
5
20
60
90
167.5
345
360
510
Gender
Female
388
72.276
66.796
3.391
2
510
5
28
60
105
150
190
240
330
Age
(
years)
*
6
65.833
34.412
14.049
25
120
25
40
60
90
120
120
120
120
Age
(
years)
1­
4
3
75
116.94
67.515
5
210
5
5
10
210
210
210
210
210
Age
(
years)
5­
11
3
105.667
168.423
97.239
2
300
2
2
15
300
300
300
300
300
Age
(
years)
12­
17
8
55.5
77.107
27.261
1
240
1
17
33
52.5
240
240
240
240
Age
(
years)
18­
64
362
73.58
73.87
3.882
2
510
5
20
60
105
150
195
325
405
Age
(
years)
>
64
76
72.592
58.092
6.664
2
345
10
30
60
90
150
180
245
345
Race
White
400
69.243
65.801
3.29
2
510
5
25
60
90
150
180
258
352.5
Race
Black
35
100.514
103.238
17.45
1
510
5
20
60
135
240
300
510
510
Race
Asian
4
82.5
37.749
18.875
30
120
30
60
90
105
120
120
120
120
Race
Some
Others
6
86.667
27.869
11.377
60
120
60
65
78
120
120
120
120
120
Race
Hispanic
10
95.9
78.827
24.927
4
225
4
20
105
120
217.5
225
225
225
Race
Refused
3
170
264.15
152.507
15
475
15
15
20
475
475
475
475
475
Hispanic
No
435
72.069
69.87
3.35
1
510
5
25
60
90
150
190
300
360
Hispanic
Yes
20
81.7
62.982
14.083
4
225
4.5
40
60
120
182.5
218
225
225
Hispanic
DK
1
55
*
*
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
Hispanic
Refused
2
247.5
321.734
227.5
20
475
20
20
248
475
475
475
475
475
Employment
*
12
76.75
107.831
31.128
1
300
1
4
23
135
240
300
300
300
Employment
Full
Time
206
69.184
78.438
5.465
2
510
5
20
60
90
135
203
360
405
Employment
Part
Time
51
72.216
62.506
8.753
2
225
5
15
55
120
150
180
225
225
Employment
Not
Employed
187
77.679
63.835
4.668
5
475
10
30
60
115
150
180
245
345
Employment
Refused
2
76
104.652
74
2
150
2
2
76
150
150
150
150
150
Education
*
17
72
90.881
22.042
1
300
1
10
35
90
240
300
300
300
Education
<
High
School
51
71.765
49.445
6.924
15
245
20
30
60
90
120
180
195
245
Education
High
School
Graduate
163
71.583
71.583
5.607
2
510
6
30
60
90
140
180
325
405
Education
<
College
107
77.234
71.721
6.934
2
475
5
20
60
120
155
200
225
240
Education
College
Gradutae
60
74.033
77.252
9.973
5
510
10
27
60
97.5
154
190
203
510
Education
Post
Graduate
60
71.267
79.857
10.31
5
360
5
18
60
90
155
263
360
360
Census
Region
Northeast
105
80.933
84.595
8.256
2
510
5
25
60
120
180
225
345
360
Census
Region
Midwest
116
64.948
63.307
5.878
2
475
5
15
60
90
135
155
215
240
Census
Region
South
151
72.695
69.541
5.659
1
510
10
30
60
90
150
210
245
330
Census
Region
West
86
75.872
69.9
7.537
4
405
5
30
60
115
150
180
360
405
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
322
68.643
66.724
3.718
1
510
5
23
60
90
140
180
240
345
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
136
84.051
82.05
7.036
5
510
10
30
60
120
180
240
360
405
Season
Winter
145
75.248
80.989
6.726
1
510
5
17
60
90
165
215
360
475
Season
Spring
89
81.888
83.016
8.8
5
510
10
30
60
100
180
240
405
510
Season
Summer
132
69.25
60.815
5.293
2
360
5
25
60
120
135
155
240
325
Season
Fall
92
67.326
58.613
6.111
3
345
10
22
60
90
125
180
245
345
Asthma
No
432
73.764
73.182
3.521
1
510
5
25
60
105
150
200
325
360
Asthma
Yes
26
64.154
44.791
8.784
10
200
10
25
60
90
120
130
200
200
Angina
No
440
72.134
70.217
3.347
1
510
5
25
60
100
150
185
270
360
Angina
Yes
16
103.125
109.877
27.469
5
360
5
30
60
138
345
360
360
360
Angina
DK
2
72.5
17.678
12.5
60
85
60
60
73
85
85
85
85
85
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
428
73.276
73.484
3.552
1
510
5
24
60
105
150
200
325
360
Bronchitis/
emphysema
Yes
30
72.4
43.498
7.942
10
200
15
45
60
90
125
150
200
200
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
135
Table
15­
119.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Outdoor
Pool
or
Spa
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
85
115.318
103.713
11.249
1
450
15
34
90
150
255
360
450
450
Gender
Male
34
113.676
106.758
18.309
5
450
10
45
75
150
258
360
450
450
Gender
Female
51
116.412
102.691
14.38
1
450
15
30
90
178
240
360
390
450
Age
(
years)
*
2
60
63.64
45
15
105
15
15
60
105
105
105
105
105
Age
(
years)
1­
4
9
85.556
86.329
28.776
15
255
15
30
60
75
255
255
255
255
Age
(
years)
5­
11
15
164.2
103.969
26.845
25
450
25
105
140
185
300
450
450
450
Age
(
years)
12­
17
5
97
53.805
24.062
40
180
40
60
100
105
180
180
180
180
Age
(
years)
18­
64
44
117.614
112.718
16.993
4
450
15
32
82.5
155
297
360
450
450
Age
(
years)
>
64
10
78.9
85.318
26.98
1
258
1
20
52.5
90
226.5
258
258
258
Race
White
75
120.893
107.723
12.439
1
450
15
34
90
180
258
360
450
450
Race
Black
5
66
59.729
26.711
10
150
10
20
45
105
150
150
150
150
Race
Some
Others
1
105
*
*
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
Race
Hispanic
2
112.5
53.033
37.5
75
150
75
75
112.5
150
150
150
150
150
Race
Refused
2
37.5
31.82
22.5
15
60
15
15
37.5
60
60
60
60
60
Hispanic
No
78
116.821
104.631
11.847
1
450
10
34
90
160
255
360
450
450
Hispanic
Yes
5
123
108.374
48.466
30
300
30
60
75
150
300
300
300
300
Hispanic
Refused
2
37.5
31.82
22.5
15
60
15
15
37.5
60
60
60
60
60
Employment
*
29
128.207
96.956
18.004
15
450
20
60
105
178
255
300
450
450
Employment
Full
Time
27
111.889
102.499
19.726
4
390
10
30
90
150
297
360
390
390
Employment
Part
Time
2
237.5
300.52
212.5
25
450
25
25
237.5
450
450
450
450
450
Employment
Not
Employed
26
98.962
94.835
18.599
1
360
5
30
67.5
130
240
258
360
360
Employment
Refused
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Education
*
30
124.433
97.486
17.798
15
450
15
60
105
178
250
300
450
450
Education
<
High
School
8
109.375
155.367
54.93
5
450
5
15
37.5
157.5
450
450
450
450
Education
High
School
Graduate
15
150
130.516
33.699
1
390
1
45
105
240
360
390
390
390
Education
<
College
17
80.529
66.66
16.167
4
240
4
30
75
90
225
240
240
240
Education
College
Graduate
9
120.556
107.308
35.769
15
297
15
30
85
180
297
297
297
297
Education
Post
Graduate
6
81.667
42.032
17.159
30
135
30
60
67.5
130
135
135
135
135
Census
Region
Northeast
23
135.348
113.518
23.67
1
450
10
40
100
225
245
297
450
450
Census
Region
Midwest
16
64.625
63.636
15.909
4
255
4
25
52.5
82.5
135
255
255
255
Census
Region
South
23
114.696
78.499
16.368
15
390
20
60
105
150
185
210
390
390
Census
Region
West
23
131.174
129.262
26.953
15
450
25
30
75
195
360
360
450
450
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
56
114.464
106.726
14.262
1
450
5
30
90
155
255
390
450
450
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
29
116.966
99.452
18.468
10
360
20
45
85
150
297
360
360
360
Season
Winter
10
118.9
159.415
50.412
4
450
4
20
30
135
405
450
450
450
Season
Spring
24
97.417
74.622
15.232
10
360
30
52.5
80
120
180
195
360
360
Season
Summer
47
124.511
104.25
15.206
1
450
15
40
90
185
255
300
450
450
Season
Fall
4
105.75
107.481
53.741
30
258
30
30
67.5
181.5
258
258
258
258
Asthma
No
73
109.89
105.481
12.346
1
450
10
30
75
140
255
360
450
450
Asthma
Yes
11
160.455
82.355
24.831
85
360
85
90
150
225
225
360
360
360
Asthma
DK
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Angina
No
84
116.512
103.746
11.32
1
450
15
37
90
155
255
360
450
450
Angina
DK
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
78
115.731
101.786
11.525
1
450
10
40
90
150
255
360
450
450
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
6
126.667
137.792
56.253
15
360
15
25
67.5
225
360
360
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
136
August
1997
Table
15­
120.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
at
Home
in
the
Yard
or
Other
Areas
Outside
the
House
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2308
137.587
144.112
2.9997
1
1290
10
40
90
180
320
420
570
660
Gender
Male
1198
158.448
160.016
4.6231
1
1290
10
60
120
198
360
500
627
730
Gender
Female
1107
114.887
120.869
3.6328
1
1065
5
30
75
150
285
360
450
560
Gender
Refused
3
183.333
60.277
34.801
120
240
120
120
190
240
240
240
240
240
Age
(
years)
*
27
167.37
164.484
31.6549
2
600
5
60
120
230
395
600
600
600
Age
(
years)
1­
4
151
135.311
111.483
9.0723
5
630
25
60
90
180
305
345
450
480
Age
(
years)
5­
11
271
150.594
135.111
8.2074
2
1250
20
60
120
190
310
405
553
570
Age
(
years)
12­
17
157
113.153
117.746
9.3972
2
660
5
30
80
150
240
405
462
610
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1301
136.382
147.923
4.1011
1
1080
5
30
90
180
330
435
570
715
Age
(
years)
>
64
401
141.125
155.213
7.751
1
1290
10
45
90
180
302
465
598
660
Race
White
1966
139.037
145.534
3.2823
1
1290
10
40
90
180
330
435
570
670
Race
Black
173
128.416
144.607
10.9943
1
1250
5
30
95
180
270
390
462
745
Race
Asian
21
101.19
88.485
19.3091
12
360
15
35
90
125
210
240
360
360
Race
Some
Others
37
183.541
161.858
26.6094
2
750
3
84
120
270
380
553
750
750
Race
Hispanic
83
106.108
96.781
10.6231
2
610
5
35
75
145
240
270
330
610
Race
Refused
28
152.321
151.049
28.5455
5
600
5
60
97.5
210
360
510
600
600
Hispanic
No
2122
137.711
144.33
3.1332
1
1290
10
40
90
180
320
420
570
670
Hispanic
Yes
153
125
134.265
10.8547
1
750
5
30
85
150
270
435
575
630
Hispanic
DK
10
213.8
192.232
60.7892
3
585
3
60
145
380
503
585
585
585
Hispanic
Refused
23
176.739
156.551
32.6431
5
600
5
60
160
240
360
510
600
600
Employment
*
581
137.501
125.562
5.2092
2
1250
15
60
110
180
300
370
480
570
Employment
Full
Time
807
131.087
150.703
5.305
1
1080
5
30
80
175
307
450
600
745
Employment
Part
Time
166
126.145
134.084
10.407
1
1080
10
30
77.5
180
300
360
450
485
Employment
Not
Employed
739
146.097
149.672
5.5058
1
1290
10
45
100
185
360
465
585
655
Employment
Refused
15
198
239.029
61.7171
5
660
5
30
120
465
600
660
660
660
Education
*
615
136.348
125.656
5.0669
2
1250
15
60
105
180
300
370
480
570
Education
<
High
School
236
161.017
186.469
12.1381
2
1290
10
45
105
195
390
510
765
915
Education
High
School
Graduate
618
144.706
144.929
5.8299
1
840
5
40
100
195
360
479
555
660
Education
<
College
381
128.843
141.194
7.2336
1
1080
5
35
85
175
300
400
585
720
Education
College
Graduate
251
122.968
135.802
8.5717
1
750
10
30
75
160
300
390
575
690
Education
Post
Graduate
207
127.126
149.975
10.424
1
1065
5
30
78
150
320
435
570
630
Census
Region
Northeast
473
137.67
132.769
6.1047
1
750
10
45
90
185
317
420
532
600
Census
Region
Midwest
456
138.853
155.656
7.2893
2
1290
10
45
90
180
300
440
575
690
Census
Region
South
832
136.472
146.655
5.0843
1
1080
10
35
90
180
310
420
570
730
Census
Region
West
547
138.155
139.946
5.9837
1
750
5
36
90
180
330
460
570
630
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1453
126.919
131.579
3.4519
1
1250
5
35
90
165
300
395
553
610
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
855
155.716
161.693
5.5298
1
1290
10
45
110
210
360
475
630
745
Season
Winter
399
112.19
135.967
6.8068
1
1080
5
30
60
140
300
380
540
690
Season
Spring
787
149.738
139.245
4.9635
1
915
10
60
120
195
338
430
555
660
Season
Summer
796
143.681
155.886
5.5252
1
1290
10
45
99
180
330
450
610
715
Season
Fall
326
124.457
130.523
7.229
1
720
10
35
87.5
160
300
380
510
655
Asthma
No
2129
137.746
144.41
3.1297
1
1290
10
40
90
180
315
420
570
690
Asthma
Yes
166
131.566
136.006
10.5561
1
670
10
30
90
165
345
450
553
610
Asthma
DK
13
188.462
192.141
53.2904
5
600
5
60
90
300
480
600
600
600
Angina
No
2228
136.521
141.088
2.989
1
1290
10
41
90
180
315
420
570
660
Angina
Yes
63
158.683
216.341
27.2564
2
1080
5
30
75
180
420
485
1065
1080
Angina
DK
17
199.118
191.305
46.3983
5
600
5
35
120
325
480
600
600
600
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2191
138.793
144.994
3.0976
1
1290
10
45
90
180
320
430
570
690
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
105
104.438
111.282
10.86
1
553
5
30
60
145
270
360
415
475
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
12
207.5
192.23
55.4919
5
600
5
60
140
330
480
600
600
600
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
137
Table
15­
121.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
in
a
Car
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
6560
87.4261
88.186
1.0888
1
1280
10
34
63
110
175
240
345
450
Gender
Male
2852
90.7398
97.337
1.8227
1
1280
10
30
63
115
185
254
360
526
Gender
Female
3706
84.9069
80.374
1.3203
1
878
10
35
63.5
110
165
220
335
420
Gender
Refused
2
30
14.142
10
20
40
20
20
30
40
40
40
40
40
Age
(
years)
*
120
94.025
90.218
8.2358
7
593
10
37.5
71.5
120
180
222.5
435
450
Age
(
years)
1­
4
297
63.0101
56.758
3.2934
2
390
10
25
45
80
135
180
235
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
449
64.6325
81.08
3.8264
1
900
5
20
40
85
145
175
310
345
Age
(
years)
12­
17
393
64.8346
70.974
3.5802
1
630
9
20
41
80
136
185
300
380
Age
(
years)
18­
64
4489
93.8278
92.302
1.3776
1
1280
13
40
70
120
184
250
360
495
Age
(
years)
>
64
812
83.5283
79.436
2.7877
4
780
10
30
60
110
165
225
315
405
Race
White
5337
87.6283
89.72
1.2281
1
1280
10
31
64
110
175
240
360
460
Race
Black
640
86.8063
74.343
2.9387
1
690
10
35
65
115
180
240
305
330
Race
Asian
117
78.7607
66.315
6.1309
5
360
20
35
60
95
135
225
320
330
Race
Some
Others
121
87.6942
84.48
7.68
3
540
10
30
60
120
180
250
330
345
Race
Hispanic
265
90.0717
101.474
6.2335
2
825
15
35
65
100
165
235
465
620
Race
Refused
80
82.4
73.314
8.1967
5
420
12
30
60
120
167.5
229.5
315
420
Hispanic
No
5987
87.4657
87.603
1.1322
1
1280
10
35
65
110
175
240
345
440
Hispanic
Yes
477
88.543
97.206
4.4507
2
825
10
30
60
103
180
240
388
595
Hispanic
DK
29
63.8966
73.131
13.5801
5
325
6
20
40
60
187
200
325
325
Hispanic
Refused
67
86.1194
78.361
9.5733
5
420
14
30
60
120
180
239
315
420
Employment
*
1124
64.2482
72.331
2.1575
1
900
5
20
45
81
136
180
270
345
Employment
Full
Time
3134
93.5568
92.167
1.6464
2
1280
15
40
70
120
180
242
360
490
Employment
Part
Time
632
90.0506
81.969
3.2605
2
878
10
40
70
116.5
175
230
330
384
Employment
Not
Employed
1629
90.3603
90.224
2.2354
1
780
10
35
60
115
195
250
365
465
Employment
Refused
41
97.1707
83.994
13.1176
10
330
15
30
75
120
220
290
330
330
Education
*
1260
66.531
72.305
2.0369
1
900
6
21
45
85
145
186.5
270
350
Education
<
High
School
434
86.0115
82.143
3.943
5
620
10
35
60
115
165
210
360
455
Education
High
School
Graduate
1805
91.8476
91.088
2.144
1
870
10
38
65
115
190
255
385
465
Education
<
College
1335
93.2427
94.302
2.581
2
1280
10
36
70
120
180
250
380
460
Education
College
Graduate
992
95.6683
95.468
3.0311
4
840
14
40
73
120
185
250
370
580
Education
Post
Graduate
734
91.5395
82.009
3.027
4
905
20
40
75
115
175
235
330
380
Census
Region
Northeast
1412
85.8343
83.847
2.2314
1
780
10
33
60
110
170
240
330
410
Census
Region
Midwest
1492
89.0992
86.623
2.2426
4
825
10
35
65
112.5
180
250
360
465
Census
Region
South
2251
88.2625
89.347
1.8832
1
900
10
34
65
115
175
235
338
490
Census
Region
West
1405
85.9089
92.167
2.4589
2
1280
10
30
60
110
175
235
345
435
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
4427
83.9248
85.023
1.2779
1
905
10
30
60
105
165
225
330
440
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2133
94.6929
94.018
2.0357
1
1280
10
35
70
120
190
265
360
455
Season
Winter
1703
83.4692
82.128
1.9902
1
870
10
30
60
105
165
230
350
425
Season
Spring
1735
88.589
91.537
2.1976
1
905
10
30
60
110
180
250
380
480
Season
Summer
1767
88.0266
86.471
2.0571
1
900
10
35
65
115
170
235
330
450
Season
Fall
1355
90.1269
93.173
2.5312
1
1280
10
35
70
115
170
240
335
545
Asthma
No
6063
87.4143
88.032
1.1306
1
1280
10
34
63
110
175
240
350
450
Asthma
Yes
463
88.2419
92.088
4.2797
4
870
15
34
64
110
165
245
345
505
Asthma
DK
34
78.4118
57.362
9.8376
10
239
10
30
71
100
160
220
239
239
Angina
No
6368
87.54
88.695
1.1115
1
1280
10
34
63.5
110
175
240
350
450
Angina
Yes
154
82.1753
68.568
5.5254
8
365
10
30
60
115
162
214
285
320
Angina
DK
38
89.6053
72.877
11.8221
10
360
10
35
73.5
120
180
239
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
6224
87.5517
88.855
1.1263
1
1280
10
34
62
110
175
240
350
450
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
300
85.5833
76.155
4.3968
1
505
10
35
68.5
109
185
237.5
305
435
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
36
81.0556
63.142
10.5237
5
239
10
30
71
120
175
220
239
239
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
138
August
1997
Table
15­
122.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
in
a
Truck
(
Pick­
up/
Van)

Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1172
85.3
95.867
2.8003
1
955
10
30
60
110
180
240
395
478
Gender
Male
760
91.097
105.368
3.8221
1
955
10
30
60
115
190
265
450
620
Gender
Female
412
74.607
74.197
3.6554
1
510
10
25
55
95
165
220
300
355
Age
(
years)
*
13
110.769
129.178
35.8274
10
450
10
35
60
90
300
450
450
450
Age
(
years)
1­
4
41
80.829
154.295
24.0969
1
955
10
15
35
70
206
210
955
955
Age
(
years)
5­
11
89
47.607
44.208
4.6861
1
240
7
15
30
65
110
130
180
240
Age
(
years)
12­
17
80
66.763
71.084
7.9475
5
352
5.5
15
37
93.5
180
222.5
265
352
Age
(
years)
18­
64
859
91.42
97.968
3.3426
2
750
10
30
60
115
189
260
440
555
Age
(
years)
>
64
90
79
82.42
8.6878
10
453
12
30
48.5
105
185
265
390
453
Race
White
1022
84.717
96.222
3.0099
1
955
10
30
60
110
180
235
390
510
Race
Black
68
91.294
98.465
11.9406
6
453
14
27.5
62.5
105.5
220
295
450
453
Race
Asian
3
138.333
63.311
36.5529
90
210
90
90
115
210
210
210
210
210
Race
Some
Others
20
67.2
48.46
10.836
5
165
7.5
25
62.5
102.5
137
154.5
165
165
Race
Hispanic
48
92.792
99.31
14.3341
5
440
10
27.5
60
120
224
330
440
440
Race
Refused
11
88.182
110.754
33.3935
10
390
10
30
60
65
190
390
390
390
Hispanic
No
1069
85.112
95.567
2.9229
1
955
10
30
60
110
180
240
390
478
Hispanic
Yes
87
89.103
100.75
10.8015
5
630
5
29
60
115
210
230
440
630
Hispanic
DK
5
58
36.187
16.1833
20
97
20
20
68
85
97
97
97
97
Hispanic
Refused
11
85.909
111.643
33.6615
10
390
10
30
35
65
190
390
390
390
Employment
*
205
60.176
86.416
6.0355
1
955
7
15
30
75
146
185
240
265
Employment
Full
Time
642
93.288
101.354
4.0001
4
750
10
30
60
120
192
270
450
555
Employment
Part
Time
97
89.351
88.958
9.0323
2
460
6
30
60
120
190
270
450
460
Employment
Not
Employed
217
83.032
85.775
5.8228
5
655
10
30
60
110
180
235
300
355
Employment
Refused
11
96.364
114.26
34.4508
10
390
10
30
35
170
190
390
390
390
Education
*
230
64.043
86.936
5.7324
1
955
7
15
35
85
160
206
245
352
Education
<
High
School
119
90.471
81.711
7.4904
5
453
14
35
60
120
195
280
295
450
Education
High
School
Graduate
392
87.594
94.724
4.7843
2
675
10
30
60
115
185
255
450
510
Education
<
College
238
91.992
111.776
7.2454
4
750
10
30
60
110
190
290
555
655
Education
College
Graduate
127
85.228
74.586
6.6184
5
370
15
30
60
110
180
230
345
355
Education
Post
Graduate
66
112.439
117.975
14.5217
10
650
10
35
80
135
220
412
445
650
Census
Region
Northeast
170
85.365
104.161
7.9888
2
695
10
20
50
110
186
260
445
630
Census
Region
Midwest
268
91.209
94.43
5.7682
1
750
10
30
60
118.5
205
245
390
460
Census
Region
South
491
87.279
100.099
4.5174
4
955
10
30
60
111
180
235
445
595
Census
Region
West
243
74.741
81.299
5.2153
5
478
10
23
52
90
160
235
395
440
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
796
80.083
90.569
3.2101
1
750
10
30
55
101
170
230
375
510
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
376
96.346
105.493
5.4404
2
955
12
30
60.5
120
192
280
430
460
Season
Winter
322
78.543
91.604
5.1049
1
955
10
29
51
95
170
220
355
445
Season
Spring
300
92.477
100.164
5.783
1
695
10
30
60
120
208
267.5
442.5
549
Season
Summer
323
86.133
99.255
5.5227
2
750
10
30
60
110
180
233
430
595
Season
Fall
227
84.216
90.861
6.0306
5
675
10
30
60
105
165
265
395
465
Asthma
No
1092
85.288
93.452
2.828
1
750
10
30
60
110
184
240
412
478
Asthma
Yes
72
83.639
125.252
14.7611
5
955
10
20
46
115
170
235
395
955
Asthma
DK
8
101.875
129.668
45.8446
10
390
10
20
60
127.5
390
390
390
390
Angina
No
1142
84.868
95.219
2.8177
1
955
10
30
60
110
180
235
395
475
Angina
Yes
20
93.4
116.003
25.939
5
555
7.5
37.5
70
103
140.5
350.5
555
555
Angina
DK
10
118.5
128.583
40.6615
10
390
10
30
60
190
340
390
390
390
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1128
85.469
96.579
2.8756
1
955
10
30
60
110
180
240
412
478
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
35
77.8
60.527
10.2308
5
240
5
30
60
120
165
220
240
240
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
9
93.333
123.92
41.3068
10
390
10
20
60
65
390
390
390
390
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
139
Table
15­
123.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
on
a
Motorcycle,
Moped,
or
Scooter
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
32
100.125
152.222
26.909
1
535
5
25
31
98
375
510
535
535
Gender
Male
29
104.276
158.322
29.4
1
535
5
25
32
80
485
510
535
535
Gender
Female
3
60
74.666
43.108
5
145
5
5
30
145
145
145
145
145
Age
(
years)
5­
11
2
42.5
53.033
37.5
5
80
5
5
42.5
80
80
80
80
80
Age
(
years)
12­
17
1
180
*
*
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
Age
(
years)
18­
64
28
103.893
160.69
30.367
1
535
5
25
31
90.5
485
510
535
535
Age
(
years)
>
64
1
30
*
*
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Race
White
31
101.516
154.532
27.755
1
535
5
25
30
116
375
510
535
535
Race
Black
1
57
*
*
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
Hispanic
No
31
102.387
154.191
27.693
1
535
5
25
32
116
375
510
535
535
Hispanic
Yes
1
30
*
*
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Employment
*
3
88.333
87.797
50.69
5
180
5
5
80
180
180
180
180
180
Employment
Full
Time
23
62.783
100.105
20.873
1
485
5
25
30
57
142
145
485
485
Employment
Not
Employed
6
249.167
251.663
102.741
10
535
10
30
205
510
535
535
535
535
Education
*
3
88.333
87.797
50.69
5
180
5
5
80
180
180
180
180
180
Education
<
High
School
3
305
247.538
142.916
30
510
30
30
375
510
510
510
510
510
Education
High
School
Graduate
15
95.667
170.645
44.06
1
535
1
25
30
57
485
535
535
535
Education
<
College
6
45.833
49.54
20.224
10
145
10
20
32.5
35
145
145
145
145
Education
College
Graduate
4
70.5
51.423
25.712
20
142
20
37.5
60
103.5
142
142
142
142
Education
Post
Graduate
1
32
*
*
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
Census
Region
Northeast
6
24.167
8.01
3.27
10
30
10
20
27.5
30
30
30
30
30
Census
Region
Midwest
12
191.583
216.501
62.499
1
535
1
28
68.5
430
510
535
535
535
Census
Region
South
6
67.167
66.764
27.256
5
180
5
32
35
116
180
180
180
180
Census
Region
West
8
44.625
44.654
15.788
5
142
5
15
30
60
142
142
142
142
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
21
71.333
110.425
24.097
5
510
5
25
32
65
145
180
510
510
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
11
155.091
205.865
62.071
1
535
1
20
30
375
485
535
535
535
Season
Winter
5
124
230.011
102.864
5
535
5
20
25
35
535
535
535
535
Season
Spring
12
121.833
153.631
44.349
1
485
1
28
43.5
143.5
375
485
485
485
Season
Summer
8
55.875
52.267
18.479
20
180
20
30
33.5
60
180
180
180
180
Season
Fall
7
96.429
184.249
69.639
5
510
5
5
30
80
510
510
510
510
Asthma
No
30
85.1
134.187
24.499
1
510
5
25
30
65
277.5
485
510
510
Asthma
Yes
2
325.5
296.278
209.5
116
535
116
116
325.5
535
535
535
535
535
Angina
No
31
102.387
154.191
27.693
1
535
5
25
32
116
375
510
535
535
Angina
Yes
1
30
*
*
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
31
101.516
154.532
27.755
1
535
5
25
30
116
375
510
535
535
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
1
57
*
*
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
140
August
1997
Table
15­
124.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
in
Other
Trucks
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
124
135.121
235.635
21.16
1
1440
5
25
48
107.5
270
690
960
1080
Gender
Male
80
174.888
283.085
31.65
1
1440
5
27
60
139
640
772.5
1080
1440
Gender
Female
44
62.818
57.438
8.659
1
270
5
20
45
90
145
180
270
270
Age
(
years)
*
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Age
(
years)
1­
4
4
79
26.47
13.235
46
105
46
58
82.5
100
105
105
105
105
Age
(
years)
5­
11
9
37.875
28.002
9.9
10
95
10
18.5
30
50.5
95
95
95
95
Age
(
years)
12­
17
7
116.857
83.071
31.398
10
250
10
60
90
195
250
250
250
250
Age
(
years)
18­
64
96
153.24
263.424
26.886
1
1440
5
22.5
45
117
600
750
1080
1440
Age
(
years)
>
64
9
71.5
57.887
20.466
18
186
18
25
60
99
186
186
186
186
Race
White
110
1440
242.807
23.151
1
1440
5
25
60
120
412.5
735
960
1080
Race
Black
8
46.125
36.314
12.839
10
100
10
15
32.5
82
100
100
100
100
Race
Asian
1
40
*
*
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
Race
Some
Others
1
95
*
*
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
Race
Hispanic
3
246.333
366.947
211.86
29
670
29
29
40
670
670
670
670
670
Race
Refused
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Hispanic
No
113
133.673
240.595
22.633
1
1440
5
20
45
100
270
735
960
1080
Hispanic
Yes
9
170
200.709
66.903
29
670
29
41
105
180
670
670
670
670
Hispanic
DK
1
85
*
*
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
Hispanic
Refused
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Employment
*
18
79.278
63.15
14.885
10
250
10
35
65
95
195
250
250
250
Employment
Full
Time
79
168.468
286.399
32.222
1
1440
5
20
45
114
670
795
1080
1440
Employment
Part
Time
6
96
103.894
42.415
2
255
2
5
55
180
255
255
255
255
Employment
Not
Employed
19
75.105
57.278
13.14
10
186
10
25
75
120
180
186
186
186
Employment
Refused
2
20
21.213
15
5
35
5
5
20
35
35
35
35
35
Education
*
21
70.333
62.607
13.662
5
250
10
25
60
95
138
195
250
250
Education
<
High
School
10
389
505.656
159.9
5
1440
5
25
45
750
1117.5
1440
1440
1440
Education
High
School
Graduate
48
156.958
257.81
37.212
1
1080
5
19
52.5
130
610
690
1080
1080
Education
<
College
24
116.25
124.385
25.39
29
600
32
42.5
77.5
120
255
270
600
600
Education
College
Graduate
10
53
53.24
16.836
10
180
10
15
30
90
135
180
180
180
Education
Post
Graduate
11
48.545
55.111
16.617
1
186
1
15
30
78
103
186
186
186
Census
Region
Northeast
28
119.179
237.794
44.939
2
1080
5
27.5
45.5
90
180
795
1080
1080
Census
Region
Midwest
36
189.194
318.577
53.096
1
1440
5
17
45
197.5
600
960
1440
1440
Census
Region
South
42
100.595
151.868
23.434
1
750
5
22
55
114
186
205
750
750
Census
Region
West
18
132.333
194.344
45.807
10
670
10
35
67.5
105
610
670
670
670
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
82
134.793
197.96
21.861
1
795
5
25
60
120
555
670
750
795
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
42
135.762
298.573
46.071
1
1440
5
18
45
75
250
960
1440
1440
Season
Winter
36
126.444
219.584
36.597
5
1080
10
26
53
92.5
270
670
1080
1080
Season
Spring
29
199.793
350.125
65.017
1
1440
5
15
35
180
795
960
1440
1440
Season
Summer
38
87.447
125.316
20.329
2
750
5
32
60
95
195
255
750
750
Season
Fall
21
146.952
213.871
46.67
1
735
15
30
74
120
600
600
735
735
Asthma
No
116
133.69
238.543
22.148
1
1440
5
21
48
104
270
735
960
1080
Asthma
Yes
7
173.143
210.169
79.436
32
610
32
35
60
250
610
610
610
610
Asthma
DK
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Angina
No
120
138.725
238.702
21.79
1
1440
5
25
60
112
412.5
712.5
960
1080
Angina
Yes
3
24.333
13.65
7.881
15
40
15
15
18
40
40
40
40
40
Angina
DK
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
116
135.612
242.76
22.54
1
1440
5
23.5
45
101.5
555
735
960
1080
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
7
141.286
83.38
31.515
18
250
18
60
180
195
250
250
250
250
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
35
*
*
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
141
Table
15­
125.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
on
a
Bus
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
469
74.648
93.532
4.3189
2
945
10
30
55
90
125
180
435
570
Gender
Male
219
77.251
104.119
7.0357
5
945
10
30
55
90
135
180
460
570
Gender
Female
250
72.368
83.306
5.2688
2
640
15
30
55
90
120
175
420
501
Age
(
years)
*
14
145
167.177
44.68
10
605
10
60
100
140
435
605
605
605
Age
(
years)
1­
4
5
56
40.218
17.986
15
120
15
30
55
60
120
120
120
120
Age
(
years)
5­
11
133
48.383
29.431
2.552
5
140
10
25
43
67
90
110
120
122
Age
(
years)
12­
17
143
59.413
46.343
3.8754
7
370
10
30
54
75
110
135
179
225
Age
(
years)
18­
64
147
96.639
128.354
10.587
2
945
10
30
60
110
180
405
640
690
Age
(
years)
>
64
27
131.963
144.641
27.836
10
570
20
45
73
130
435
460
570
570
Race
White
311
70.071
89.462
5.0729
2
945
10
30
54
80
120
147
405
501
Race
Black
101
85.178
92.396
9.1937
5
570
15
35
60
110
140
185
460
468
Race
Asian
15
58
58.487
15.101
5
175
5
20
20
120
155
175
175
175
Race
Some
Others
14
107.143
176.48
47.166
20
690
20
30
42.5
100
225
690
690
690
Race
Hispanic
24
65.542
71.515
14.598
15
370
20
30
42.5
87
90
120
370
370
Race
Refused
4
168
196.195
98.098
10
435
10
21
113.5
315
435
435
435
435
Hispanic
No
415
72.839
86.077
4.2253
2
945
10
30
55
90
125
165
420
468
Hispanic
Yes
46
83.913
138.922
20.483
7
690
15
30
37.5
85
145
370
690
690
Hispanic
DK
2
47.5
10.607
7.5
40
55
40
40
47.5
55
55
55
55
55
Hispanic
Refused
6
137.833
159.631
65.169
10
435
10
32
77.5
195
435
435
435
435
Employment
*
274
54.018
39.364
2.3781
5
370
10
29
49.5
70
100
120
150
179
Employment
Full
Time
95
122.579
168.8
17.319
5
945
10
30
60
120
405
570
690
945
Employment
Part
Time
34
83.265
79.298
13.6
2
468
10
40
60
100
135
185
468
468
Employment
Not
Employed
61
80.262
69.212
8.8617
5
460
10
30
65
120
135
165
205
460
Employment
Refused
5
167.4
169.916
75.989
10
435
10
32
165
195
435
435
435
435
Education
*
295
55.302
44.964
2.6179
5
435
10
29
49
70
100
120
155
225
Education
<
High
School
25
120.4
124.272
24.854
10
570
30
45
90
135
195
405
570
570
Education
High
School
Graduate
57
111.579
116.718
15.46
10
501
20
45
73
120
225
435
468
501
Education
<
College
38
108.842
133.431
21.645
10
640
20
40
75
120
195
605
640
640
Education
College
Graduate
30
84.633
128.087
23.385
2
690
5
30
60
90
130
300
690
690
Education
Post
Graduate
24
110.458
199.236
40.669
5
945
10
29
60
101.5
125
460
945
945
Census
Region
Northeast
145
77.062
75.41
6.2624
7
435
15
30
60
95
135
180
435
435
Census
Region
Midwest
102
69.676
103.283
10.227
2
945
10
30
55
85
120
125
175
468
Census
Region
South
142
71.718
82.846
6.9523
5
570
10
30
50
80
135
180
460
501
Census
Region
West
80
81.813
124.342
13.902
5
690
12.5
30
41.5
90
127.5
297.5
640
690
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
426
70.61
84.646
4.1011
2
690
10
30
50
85
120
165
435
501
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
43
114.651
152.229
23.215
10
945
20
45
90
120
180
300
945
945
Season
Winter
158
78.285
98.116
7.8057
5
690
10
30
58
90
125
180
435
605
Season
Spring
140
61.636
53.541
4.525
2
460
10
30
50
75
120
137.5
205
225
Season
Summer
94
86.617
116.695
12.036
5
945
10
30
60
95
155
225
435
945
Season
Fall
77
76.234
107.505
12.251
5
640
10
30
50
80
125
175
570
640
Asthma
No
413
76.448
96.792
4.7628
2
945
10
30
55
90
125
180
435
570
Asthma
Yes
50
55.36
39.329
5.562
5
195
10
30
47.5
71
115
135
165
195
Asthma
DK
6
111.5
161.48
65.924
10
435
10
32
46
100
435
435
435
435
Angina
No
459
73.373
91.312
4.2621
2
945
10
30
55
90
125
179
420
570
Angina
Yes
4
168.75
182.683
91.341
20
435
20
60
110
277.5
435
435
435
435
Angina
DK
6
109.5
162.362
66.284
10
435
10
30
41
100
435
435
435
435
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
442
74.814
94.281
4.4845
2
945
10
30
55
90
125
180
435
570
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
19
58.158
39.881
9.1493
10
155
10
30
55
65
125
155
155
155
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
8
104.625
137.907
48.757
10
435
10
28.5
67.5
100
435
435
435
435
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
142
August
1997
Table
15­
126.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Walking
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1639
29.6718
41.617
1.028
1
540
2
6
16
39
65
95
151
190
Gender
Male
755
32.4781
48.2611
1.7564
1
540
2
7
20
40
70
100
170
270
Gender
Female
883
27.2831
34.8259
1.172
1
360
2
6
15
35
60
94
140
171
Gender
Refused
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Age
(
years)
*
38
29.5263
23.7416
3.8514
1
100
2
10
25
40
60
80
100
100
Age
(
years)
1­
4
58
24.3276
26.3268
3.4569
1
160
2
10
15
35
60
60
70
160
Age
(
years)
5­
11
155
18.2129
21.0263
1.6889
1
170
1
5
10
25
40
60
65
100
Age
(
years)
12­
17
223
25.8341
32.3753
2.168
1
190
2
6
15
30
60
100
135
151
Age
(
years)
18­
64
944
31.8252
44.9705
1.4637
1
410
2
6
18.5
40
70
110
171
250
Age
(
years)
>
64
221
33.81
49.3278
3.3181
1
540
2
10
20
45
73
95
155
180
Race
White
1289
29.5912
43.6801
1.2166
1
540
2
6
15
35
65
100
160
225
Race
Black
175
34.8114
39.7274
3.0031
1
250
2
10
20
50
75
125
160
194
Race
Asian
36
26.5556
24.6535
4.1089
1
100
1
10
20
30
60
78
100
100
Race
Some
Others
30
23.7667
21.2192
3.8741
1
60
1
6
17
43
60
60
60
60
Race
Hispanic
88
23.0795
21.1058
2.2499
1
100
2
5.5
15
37
50
60
92
100
Race
Refused
21
33.1905
32.9555
7.1915
4
150
8
15
20
40
65
65
150
150
Hispanic
No
1467
29.8718
41.0288
1.0712
1
410
2
6
16
40
65
100
155
194
Hispanic
Yes
144
26.8403
48.7064
4.0589
1
540
2
5.5
15
35
60
70
100
135
Hispanic
DK
10
30.2
28.8359
9.1187
2
80
2
10
17.5
55
77.5
80
80
80
Hispanic
Refused
18
35.7222
34.7847
8.1988
8
150
8
15
25
55
65
150
150
150
Employment
*
431
22.768
28.0141
1.3494
1
190
2
5
13
30
55
65
131
151
Employment
Full
Time
561
30.9519
43.7734
1.8481
1
365
2
7
16
40
70
100
180
250
Employment
Part
Time
153
26.8693
37.1231
3.0012
1
295
2
5
15
35
60
92
135
165
Employment
Not
Employed
482
35.5249
49.4109
2.2506
1
540
2
10
20
50
75
120
150
250
Employment
Refused
12
18.4167
13.4601
3.8856
5
55
5
10
16.5
20
30
55
55
55
Education
*
472
22.6737
27.6375
1.2721
1
190
2
5
13
30
55
65
130
151
Education
<
High
School
138
42.7174
71.9429
6.1242
1
540
3
7
20
50
115
145
360
365
Education
High
School
Graduate
366
29.2596
41.5618
2.1725
1
410
2
5
18
35
65
100
150
240
Education
<
College
288
32.5313
39.3063
2.3161
1
295
2
9.5
20
45
75
100
160
180
Education
College
Graduate
210
29.7667
38.813
2.6784
1
300
2
8
18.5
40
60
90
140
225
Education
Post
Graduate
165
34.5818
44.6107
3.4729
1
360
2
10
20
45
80
95
180
200
Census
Region
Northeast
507
34.9172
45.2549
2.0098
1
365
2
10
20
45
75
107
170
250
Census
Region
Midwest
321
29.271
46.8743
2.6163
1
540
2
6
15
31
60
105
160
180
Census
Region
South
423
24.9976
37.6654
1.8314
1
410
2
5
10
30
60
80
135
171
Census
Region
West
388
28.2448
35.029
1.7783
1
285
2
8
15
40
60
90
140
180
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1182
29.2902
39.1911
1.1399
1
540
2
7
18
40
65
92
145
180
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
457
30.6586
47.3511
2.215
1
410
2
5
15
35
60
120
171
200
Season
Winter
412
32.3034
47.7062
2.3503
1
365
2
6
20
38.5
75
120
180
250
Season
Spring
459
28.854
41.54
1.9389
1
540
2
6
16
35
60
90
146
180
Season
Summer
475
26.6084
31.325
1.4373
1
270
2
6
15
35
60
85
123
160
Season
Fall
293
32.2184
46.6936
2.7279
1
410
2
8
20
45
61
105
155
295
Asthma
No
1504
29.6011
41.9939
1.0828
1
540
2
6
16
35.5
65
95
152
190
Asthma
Yes
120
29.7417
38.3451
3.5004
1
250
2
5
15
40
70
117.5
135
150
Asthma
DK
15
36.2
27.8162
7.1821
5
90
5
10
30
60
75
90
90
90
Angina
No
1578
29.5076
41.4718
1.044
1
540
2
6
16
38
65
95
151
190
Angina
Yes
44
29
36.0633
5.4367
2
150
4
6
14.5
36
60
115
150
150
Angina
DK
17
46.6471
63.1456
15.3151
5
270
5
10
30
60
90
270
270
270
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1553
29.7173
42.1023
1.0684
1
540
2
6
16
38
65
95
151
194
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
67
26.9851
31.8774
3.8944
1
165
2
5
16
40
60
90
130
165
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
19
35.4211
31.3658
7.1958
3
110
3
10
30
60
90
110
110
110
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
143
Table
15­
127.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
on
a
Bicycle/
Skateboard/
Rollerskate
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
115
45.1217
53.35
4.9749
1
400
5
11
30
60
102
151
195
205
Gender
Male
82
43.2073
56.113
6.1966
1
400
5
10
27.5
50
90
120
195
400
Gender
Female
33
49.8788
46.228
8.0472
5
205
5
15
45
60
105
165
205
205
Age
(
years)
*
2
15
7.071
5
10
20
10
10
15
20
20
20
20
20
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
20
14.142
10
10
30
10
10
20
30
30
30
30
30
Age
(
years)
5­
11
18
40.2778
52.985
12.4886
1
195
1
10
15
55
151
195
195
195
Age
(
years)
12­
17
33
31.9697
27.929
4.8618
2
115
5
10
25
45
65
102
115
115
Age
(
years)
18­
64
53
53.2264
62.916
8.6422
5
400
5
20
30
65
105
165
180
400
Age
(
years)
>
64
7
74
67.295
25.4353
23
205
23
25
35
110
205
205
205
205
Race
White
98
46.7245
56.914
5.7492
1
400
5
11
30
60
110
165
205
400
Race
Black
7
41.1429
21.737
8.2156
5
65
5
25
50
60
65
65
65
65
Race
Asian
2
6
1.414
1
5
7
5
5
6
7
7
7
7
7
Race
Some
Others
4
47.5
23.629
11.8145
30
80
30
30
40
65
80
80
80
80
Race
Hispanic
3
33.3333
25.166
14.5297
10
60
10
10
30
60
60
60
60
60
Race
Refused
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Hispanic
No
106
45.8679
55.172
5.3587
1
400
5
10
30
60
105
151
195
205
Hispanic
Yes
8
38.375
23.323
8.2461
10
80
10
23.5
30
55
80
80
80
80
Hispanic
Refused
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Employment
*
52
33.8462
38.258
5.3054
1
195
2
10
20
47.5
65
115
151
195
Employment
Full
Time
27
56.8519
76.863
14.7923
5
400
5
15
30
60
115
120
400
400
Employment
Part
Time
7
40.8571
24.768
9.3616
10
90
10
30
35
46
90
90
90
90
Employment
Not
Employed
27
55.4815
54.258
10.442
5
205
5
20
30
90
165
180
205
205
Employment
Refused
2
55
49.497
35
20
90
20
20
55
90
90
90
90
90
Education
*
56
33.3929
36.945
4.937
1
195
2
10
20
45
65
115
151
195
Education
<
High
School
3
98.3333
77.835
44.9382
25
180
25
25
90
180
180
180
180
180
Education
High
School
Graduate
18
41.5556
49.048
11.5606
5
205
5
15
30
46
100
205
205
205
Education
<
College
18
42.9444
35.049
8.261
5
120
5
20
30
60
115
120
120
120
Education
College
Graduate
11
89.8182
111.308
33.5605
15
400
15
25
53
90
165
400
400
400
Education
Post
Graduate
9
57.2222
38.415
12.8049
5
110
5
20
60
90
110
110
110
110
Census
Region
Northeast
20
42.05
35.057
7.839
5
102
5
10
32.5
77.5
95
101
102
102
Census
Region
Midwest
24
39.125
47.505
9.6969
2
180
5
10
18.5
57.5
90
165
180
180
Census
Region
South
26
64.6923
87.03
17.0681
1
400
2
15
32.5
75
195
205
400
400
Census
Region
West
45
38.3778
32.614
4.8619
5
151
5
18
30
50
80
115
151
151
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
83
44.5783
56.02
6.149
5
400
5
15
30
60
90
151
205
400
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
32
46.5313
46.508
8.2215
1
195
2
10
32.5
75
110
120
195
195
Season
Winter
20
38.6
44.951
10.0513
1
205
3.5
12.5
27.5
47.5
75
147.5
205
205
Season
Spring
46
34.7826
35.036
5.1657
5
195
5
10
22.5
46
80
90
195
195
Season
Summer
34
61.7059
72.243
12.3896
2
400
5
20
42.5
90
115
165
400
400
Season
Fall
15
47.9333
55.663
14.3721
2
180
2
10
20
75
151
180
180
180
Asthma
No
95
48.5368
57.246
5.8733
1
400
5
15
30
60
110
165
205
400
Asthma
Yes
18
29.3333
24.22
5.7086
5
90
5
7
32.5
40
60
90
90
90
Asthma
DK
2
25
7.071
5
20
30
20
20
25
30
30
30
30
30
Angina
No
114
45.3421
53.533
5.0138
1
400
5
11
30
60
102
151
195
205
Angina
DK
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
109
45.1284
53.909
5.1636
1
400
5
15
30
60
102
151
195
205
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
5
50
49.624
22.1923
5
115
5
10
30
90
115
115
115
115
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
144
August
1997
Table
15­
128.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Waiting
on
a
Bus,
Train,
etc.
Stop
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
151
18.702
18.7513
1.526
1
128
4
7
15
20
40
45
67
120
Gender
Male
61
16.3443
17.9934
2.3038
1
120
4
5
11
20
30
45
65
120
Gender
Female
90
20.3
19.1818
2.02319
1
128
4
10
15
30
42.5
60
75
128
Age
(
years)
*
2
21
5.6569
4
17
25
17
17
21
25
25
25
25
25
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
8
9.8995
7
1
15
1
1
8
15
15
15
15
15
Age
(
years)
5­
11
32
12.5
10.7283
1.8965
2
45
2
5
10
15
20
43
45
45
Age
(
years)
12­
17
50
13.78
11.4843
1.6241
1
74
3
5
10
20
23
30
52.5
75
Age
(
years)
18­
64
54
25.5
25.616
3.4859
1
128
5
10
15
30
60
67
120
128
Age
(
years)
>
64
11
27.2727
13.484
4.0656
5
45
5
20
30
40
45
45
45
45
Race
White
115
18.2522
17.9501
1.6739
1
128
4
5
15
22
40
45
67
75
Race
Black
21
17.4762
11.9901
2.6164
1
45
3
10
15
23
35
40
45
45
Race
Asian
3
10
5
2.8868
5
15
5
5
10
15
15
15
15
15
Race
Some
Others
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Race
Hispanic
10
29.8
35.8137
11.3253
5
120
5
10
16.5
20
92.5
120
120
120
Race
Refused
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Hispanic
No
136
18.0956
17.1036
1.4666
1
128
4
6
15
22.5
40
45
67
75
Hispanic
Yes
13
25.2308
32.4427
8.998
1
120
1
10
15
20
65
120
120
120
Hispanic
DK
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Hispanic
Refused
1
15
*
*
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Employment
*
79
13.1646
11.3707
1.2793
1
75
2
5
10
15
23
35
45
75
Employment
Full
Time
31
24.9355
24.8125
4.4565
1
128
5
10
15
30
45
65
128
128
Employment
Part
Time
15
31.6667
31.5179
8.1379
5
120
5
10
17
45
67
120
120
120
Employment
Not
Employed
26
20.6154
12.7061
2.4919
5
45
5
10
20
30
40
45
45
45
Education
*
87
12.931
10.9723
1.1763
1
75
3
5
10
15
23
30
45
75
Education
<
High
School
6
32.5
11.726
4.7871
15
45
15
25
32.5
45
45
45
45
45
Education
High
School
Graduate
25
23.56
24.5749
4.915
5
120
5
10
15
30
45
67
120
120
Education
<
College
9
28.333
19.2029
6.401
10
60
10
10
20
45
60
60
60
60
Education
College
Graduate
16
33.8125
31.1239
7.781
5
128
5
10
30
37.5
65
128
128
128
Education
Post
Graduate
8
14.875
8.3741
2.9607
1
30
1
40.5
15
18.5
30
30
30
30
Census
Region
Northeast
63
20.4921
23.43
2.9519
1
128
3
6
15
22
40
65
120
128
Census
Region
Midwest
27
17.4074
13.1244
2.5258
3
60
4
5
15
20
35
35
60
60
Census
Region
South
39
19.8205
16.6684
2.6691
4
75
5
10
15
28
45
65
75
75
Census
Region
West
22
13.1818
11.3458
2.4189
1
45
1
5
10
15
30
30
45
45
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
128
17.7891
18.9656
1.6763
1
128
3
5.5
15
20
35
45
75
120
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
23
23.7826
17.0026
3.5453
5
65
5
10
20
35
45
60
65
65
Season
Winter
55
19.9273
15.5693
2.0994
1
75
2
10
15
25
43
60
65
75
Season
Spring
43
17.186
20.6574
3.1502
1
120
4
5
10
20
33
45
120
120
Season
Summer
28
24
25.4675
4.8129
5
128
5
10
15
32.5
45
67
128
128
Season
Fall
25
12.68
9.8815
1.9763
1
45
4
5
10
15
20
35
45
45
Asthma
No
139
18.7698
18.7788
1.5928
1
128
3
10
15
20
40
45
75
120
Asthma
Yes
10
20
20.5372
6.4944
4
65
4
5
12
30
55
65
65
65
Asthma
DK
2
7.5
3.5355
2.5
5
10
5
5
7.5
10
10
10
10
10
Angina
No
151
18.702
18.7513
1.526
1
128
4
7
15
20
40
45
67
120
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
145
18.6552
18.969
1.5753
1
128
4
6
15
20
40
45
75
120
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
6
19.8333
13.5561
5.5342
9
45
9
10
16
23
45
45
45
45
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
145
Table
15­
129.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
on
a
Train/
Subway/
Rapid
Transit
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
116
97.767
136.346
12.659
1
810
5
27.5
60
120
189
415
690
720
Gender
Male
62
91.613
119.437
15.168
5
720
10
24
60
120
180
240
480
720
Gender
Female
54
104.833
154.349
21.004
1
810
2
30
60
120
195
480
690
810
Age
(
years)
*
8
191.875
256.82
90.8
20
810
20
55
117.5
180
810
810
810
810
Age
(
years)
1­
4
2
92.5
38.891
27.5
65
120
65
65
92.5
120
120
120
120
120
Age
(
years)
5­
11
3
166.667
271.401
156.693
5
480
5
5
15
480
480
480
480
480
Age
(
years)
12­
17
2
100
56.569
40
60
140
60
60
100
140
140
140
140
140
Age
(
years)
18­
64
92
84.967
106.533
11.107
1
720
5
30
60
104.5
175
240
480
720
Age
(
years)
>
64
9
122.667
219.531
73.177
10
690
10
10
24
120
690
690
690
690
Race
White
64
89.5
139.691
17.461
1
720
5
22
55
74
195
380
690
720
Race
Black
26
131.385
168.356
33.017
5
810
10
35
117.5
135
195
480
810
810
Race
Asian
3
79.667
17.039
9.838
60
90
60
60
89
90
90
90
90
90
Race
Some
Others
4
71.25
47.675
23.838
30
140
30
42.5
57.5
100
140
140
140
140
Race
Hispanic
16
88.625
98.922
24.731
5
415
5
20
70
112.5
165
415
415
415
Race
Refused
3
85
56.347
32.532
20
120
20
20
115
120
120
120
120
120
Hispanic
No
89
101.281
149.687
15.867
1
810
5
25
60
120
195
480
720
810
Hispanic
Yes
22
86.955
85.561
18.242
5
415
10
40
70
120
130
165
415
415
Hispanic
DK
2
79.5
34.648
24.5
55
104
55
55
79.5
104
104
104
104
104
Hispanic
Refused
3
85
56.347
32.532
20
120
20
20
115
120
120
120
120
120
Employment
*
7
126.429
163.598
61.834
5
480
5
15
65
140
480
480
480
480
Employment
Full
Time
76
98.526
128.056
14.689
1
720
5
30
60
120
189
380
690
720
Employment
Part
Time
10
61.7
46.375
14.665
5
160
5
15
57.5
89
125
160
160
160
Employment
Not
Employed
21
101.714
186.201
40.632
1
810
10
10
55
90
165
415
810
810
Employment
Refused
2
107.5
123.744
87.5
20
195
20
20
107.5
195
195
195
195
195
Education
*
10
122
140.024
44.279
5
480
5
20
92.5
140
337.5
480
480
480
Education
<
High
School
6
181.833
311.76
127.275
1
810
1
5
70
135
810
810
810
810
Education
High
School
Graduate
30
89.433
109.191
19.935
1
480
2
30
60
120
177.5
415
480
480
Education
<
College
26
125.692
189.64
37.192
10
720
10
20
60
120
380
690
720
720
Education
College
Graduate
24
66.5
50.332
10.274
5
180
10
24.5
55
102.5
125
175
180
180
Education
Post
Graduate
20
74.15
59.415
13.286
10
240
12.5
30
60
97
164.5
214.5
240
240
Census
Region
Northeast
72
111.847
134.554
15.857
10
810
20
49
62.5
122.5
189
415
690
810
Census
Region
Midwest
14
64.214
109.483
29.261
2
380
2
10
22.5
50
240
380
380
380
Census
Region
South
15
75.733
121.139
31.278
1
480
1
10
30
90
160
480
480
480
Census
Region
West
15
83.533
179.444
46.332
5
720
5
10
30
75
120
720
720
720
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
96
101.604
127.189
12.981
1
720
10
30
60
120
195
415
690
720
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
20
79.35
176.643
39.499
2
810
3.5
7.5
32.5
60
120
465
810
810
Season
Winter
26
138.192
196.327
38.503
5
810
10
30
79.5
130
240
720
810
810
Season
Spring
29
77.276
89.479
16.616
2
480
5
25
60
105
135
175
480
480
Season
Summer
37
106.081
140.735
23.137
5
690
10
30
60
120
195
480
690
690
Season
Fall
24
65.917
82.217
16.782
1
380
1
15
42.5
82.5
160
180
380
380
Asthma
No
106
94.151
122.865
11.934
1
720
5
30
60
120
180
380
480
690
Asthma
Yes
7
146.571
294.036
111.135
1
810
1
10
30
90
810
810
810
810
Asthma
DK
3
111.667
87.797
50.69
20
195
20
20
120
195
195
195
195
195
Angina
No
112
96.527
137.946
13.035
1
810
5
27.5
60
117.5
175
415
690
720
Angina
DK
4
132.5
82.916
41.458
20
195
20
70
157.5
195
195
195
195
195
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
112
98.179
138.009
13.041
1
810
5
30
60
120
180
415
690
720
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
1
10
*
*
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
3
111.667
87.797
50.69
20
195
20
20
120
195
195
195
195
195
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
146
August
1997
Table
15­
130.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
on
an
Airplane
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
53
234
203.736
27.985
10
900
15
70
210
300
480
660
900
900
Gender
Male
28
241.25
230.979
43.651
15
900
20
65
210
292.5
555
900
900
900
Gender
Female
25
225.88
172.581
34.516
10
660
15
110
210
300
480
510
660
660
Age
(
years)
*
3
175
145.688
84.113
15
300
15
15
210
300
300
300
300
300
Age
(
years)
12­
17
3
113.333
118.568
68.455
15
245
15
15
80
245
245
245
245
245
Age
(
years)
18­
64
42
226.429
193.962
29.929
10
900
20
60
202.5
300
480
555
900
900
Age
(
years)
>
64
5
405.4
292.392
130.762
195
900
195
210
287
435
900
900
900
900
Race
White
44
241.068
215.555
32.496
10
900
15
65
210
300
510
660
900
900
Race
Black
7
199.286
134.364
50.785
15
435
15
110
210
255
435
435
435
435
Race
Asian
1
60
*
*
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Race
Hispanic
1
340
*
*
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
Hispanic
No
51
234.745
206.224
28.877
10
900
15
60
210
300
480
660
900
900
Hispanic
Yes
2
215
176.777
125
90
340
90
90
215
340
340
340
340
340
Employment
*
3
113.333
118.568
68.455
15
245
15
15
80
245
245
245
245
245
Employment
Full
Time
33
212.424
194.008
33.773
15
900
20
60
180
285
480
555
900
900
Employment
Part
Time
3
510
375.899
217.025
150
900
150
150
480
900
900
900
900
900
Employment
Not
Employed
13
259.385
168.387
46.702
10
660
10
195
225
300
435
660
660
660
Employment
Refused
1
150
*
*
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
Education
*
4
122.5
98.531
49.265
15
245
15
47.5
115
197.5
245
245
245
245
Education
<
High
School
4
111.25
179.647
89.823
10
380
10
12.5
27.5
210
380
380
380
380
Education
High
School
Graduate
9
253.889
191.046
63.682
15
660
15
195
270
285
660
660
660
660
Education
<
College
13
293.846
170.784
47.367
20
555
20
180
300
435
510
555
555
555
Education
College
Graduate
15
194.8
113.998
29.434
45
480
45
90
210
255
287
480
480
480
Education
Post
Graduate
8
305
375.129
132.628
20
900
20
45
137.5
577.5
900
900
900
900
Census
Region
Northeast
17
254.706
234.81
56.95
15
900
15
70
245
380
510
900
900
900
Census
Region
Midwest
17
235.118
234.348
56.838
15
900
15
60
195
287
660
900
900
900
Census
Region
South
9
212.778
103.565
34.522
15
340
15
150
255
270
340
340
340
340
Census
Region
West
10
216
181.702
57.459
10
555
10
45
202.5
240
517.5
555
555
555
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
37
258.919
192.755
31.689
15
900
15
150
230
305
510
660
900
900
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
16
176.375
222.825
55.706
10
900
10
37.5
95
262.5
360
900
900
900
Season
Winter
17
216.294
172.818
41.914
20
660
20
60
210
275
480
660
660
660
Season
Spring
14
191.786
160.547
42.908
15
555
15
90
150
230
435
555
555
555
Season
Summer
17
230.882
222.171
53.884
10
900
10
60
245
300
480
900
900
900
Season
Fall
5
423
294.398
131.659
180
900
180
240
285
510
900
900
900
900
Asthma
No
51
224.843
201.484
28.213
10
900
15
60
210
287
480
660
900
900
Asthma
Yes
2
467.5
123.744
87.5
380
555
380
380
467.5
555
555
555
555
555
Angina
No
51
233.725
207.562
29.064
10
900
15
60
210
300
480
660
900
900
Angina
Yes
2
241
65.054
46
195
287
195
195
241
287
287
287
287
287
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
51
231.608
206.7
28.944
10
900
15
60
210
300
480
660
900
900
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
2
295
120.208
85
210
380
210
210
295
380
380
380
380
380
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
147
Table
15­
131.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Indoors
in
a
Residence
(
all
rooms)

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
9343
1001.39
275.143
2.8465
8
1440
575
795
985
1235
1395
1440
1440
1440
Gender
Male
4269
945.9
273.498
4.1859
8
1440
540
750
900
1160
1350
1430
1440
1440
Gender
Female
5070
1048.07
267.864
3.7619
30
1440
620
840
1050
1280
1420
1440
1440
1440
Gender
Refused
4
1060
135.647
67.8233
900
1200
900
950
1070
1170
1200
1200
1200
1200
Age
(
years)
*
187
1001.07
279.866
20.4658
265
1440
565
799
955
1230
1440
1440
1440
1440
Age
(
years)
1­
4
498
1211.64
218.745
9.8022
270
1440
795
1065
1260
1410
1440
1440
1440
1440
Age
(
years)
5­
11
700
1005.13
222.335
8.4035
190
1440
686
845
975
1165
1334
1412.5
1440
1440
Age
(
years)
12­
17
588
969.5
241.776
9.9707
95
1440
585
811.5
950
1155
1310
1405
1440
1440
Age
(
years)
18­
64
6022
947.91
273.033
3.5184
8
1440
540
750
900
1165
1350
1428
1440
1440
Age
(
years)
>
64
1348
1174.64
229.344
6.2466
60
1440
760
1030
1210
1375
1440
1440
1440
1440
Race
White
7556
999.36
275.678
3.1714
8
1440
570
795
980
1235
1395
1440
1440
1440
Race
Black
941
1015.95
272.54
8.8845
190
1440
600
815
1000
1245
1410
1440
1440
1440
Race
Asian
157
983.52
254.689
20.3264
30
1440
600
810
930
1180
1355
1420
1440
1440
Race
Some
Others
181
996.09
268.283
19.9413
10
1440
604
805
975
1198
1380
1440
1440
1440
Race
Hispanic
382
1009.4
281.75
14.4156
55
1440
555
810
1004.5
1250
1410
1440
1440
1440
Race
Refused
126
1019.69
276.578
24.6396
270
1440
575
840
975
1255
1440
1440
1440
1440
Hispanic
No
8498
1000.38
275.436
2.9879
8
1440
575
795
980
1235
1395
1440
1440
1440
Hispanic
Yes
696
1009.84
270.816
10.2653
55
1440
585
810
1000
1230
1405
1440
1440
1440
Hispanic
DK
46
1097.87
286.655
42.265
401
1440
645
835
1172.5
1355
1440
1440
1440
1440
Hispanic
Refused
103
984.08
269.485
26.5531
270
1440
565
810
950
1200
1375
1440
1440
1440
Employment
*
1768
1053.3
248.46
5.909
95
1440
675
870
1030
1255
1413
1440
1440
1440
Employment
Full
Time
4068
881.03
259.166
4.0634
8
1440
515
715
835
1045.5
1290
1385
1440
1440
Employment
Part
Time
797
982.44
243.085
8.6105
255
1440
600
820
970
1170
1320
1380
1440
1440
Employment
Not
Employed
2639
1158.03
233.775
4.5507
60
1440
735
1015
1190
1350
1440
1440
1440
1440
Employment
Refused
71
995.08
268.059
31.8128
445
1440
575
810
940
1255
1440
1440
1440
1440
Education
*
1963
1044.47
251.888
5.6852
95
1440
660
855
1020
1254
1410
1440
1440
1440
Education
<
High
School
829
1093.37
278.592
9.6759
150
1440
630
870
1130
1345
1440
1440
1440
1440
Education
High
School
Graduate
2602
1008.1
279.281
5.4751
30
1440
565
803
995
1245
1400
1440
1440
1440
Education
<
College
1788
974.34
272.599
6.4468
10
1440
570
775
930
1205
1371
1436
1440
1440
Education
College
Graduate
1240
939.49
275.004
7.8096
30
1440
528
745
885
1165
1335
1427.5
1440
1440
Education
Post
Graduate
921
943.67
274.27
9.0375
8
1440
540
750
900
1155
1350
1410
1440
1440
Census
Region
Northeast
2068
1003.4
278.441
6.1229
30
1440
570
795
980
1245
1405
1440
1440
1440
Census
Region
Midwest
2087
1001.73
280.646
6.1432
8
1440
565
790
989
1250
1390
1440
1440
1440
Census
Region
South
3230
999
270.19
4.7541
10
1440
585
800
970
1228
1400
1440
1440
1440
Census
Region
West
1958
1002.84
273.992
6.192
30
1440
575
800
1000
1230
1390
1440
1440
1440
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
6286
965.69
272.596
3.4382
30
1440
567
770
911
1190
1380
1440
1440
1440
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
3057
1074.81
265.676
4.8051
8
1440
615
895
1105
1290
1420
1440
1440
1440
Season
Winter
2513
1034.92
278.237
5.5503
30
1440
590
825
1015
1285
1432
1440
1440
1440
Season
Spring
2424
977.88
267.177
5.4267
10
1440
580
780
955
1185
1370
1435
1440
1440
Season
Summer
2522
980.52
273.962
5.4553
8
1440
555
785
960
1201
1365
1440
1440
1440
Season
Fall
1884
1014.84
277.47
6.3926
30
1440
589
805
997
1260
1405
1440
1440
1440
Asthma
No
8591
999.12
274.377
2.9602
8
1440
576
795
980
1230
1393
1440
1440
1440
Asthma
Yes
689
1027.42
284.437
10.8362
190
1440
555
825
1025
1260
1430
1440
1440
1440
Asthma
DK
63
1025.68
264.342
33.3039
445
1440
630
840
960
1315
1410
1440
1440
1440
Angina
No
9019
997.77
274.112
2.8863
8
1440
575
795
975
1230
1391
1440
1440
1440
Angina
Yes
249
1125.47
281.353
17.83
180
1440
660
925
1185
1380
1440
1440
1440
1440
Angina
DK
75
1024.08
285.059
32.9158
150
1440
560
840
975
1305
1425
1440
1440
1440
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
8840
997.66
274.78
2.9225
8
1440
575
795
975
1230
1395
1440
1440
1440
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
432
1070.48
273.759
13.1712
205
1440
585
867.5
1110
1292.5
1440
1440
1440
1440
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
71
1045.48
273.047
32.4047
445
1440
565
845
975
1320
1440
1440
1440
1440
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
148
August
1997
Table
15­
132.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
(
outside
the
residence)

Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
3124
154.03
158.302
2.8322
1
1290
5
40
105
210
362
480
610
715
Gender
Male
1533
174.908
173.671
4.4356
1
1290
10
60
120
240
420
540
680
745
Gender
Female
1588
133.524
138.801
3.4831
1
1065
5
30
90
190
325
415
525
610
Gender
Refused
3
340
140
80.829
240
500
240
240
280
500
500
500
500
500
Age
(
years)
*
40
163.95
179.615
28.3996
2
720
3.5
40
107.5
212.5
430
600
720
720
Age
(
years)
1­
4
201
195.652
163.732
11.5488
3
715
30
75
135
270
430
535
625
699
Age
(
years)
5­
11
353
187.564
158.575
8.4401
4
1250
20
80
150
265
365
479
600
720
Age
(
years)
12­
17
219
135.26
137.031
9.2597
1
720
5
35
100
190
300
452
545
610
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1809
144.244
155.13
3.6473
1
1080
5
30
90
199
360
470
600
715
Age
(
years)
>
64
502
156.448
168.259
7.5098
1
1290
5
36
110
210
375
485
645
735
Race
White
2622
156.787
160.173
3.1281
1
1290
5
45
105
215
375
485
625
720
Race
Black
255
141.557
153.169
9.5918
1
1250
5
30
95
195
330
420
535
645
Race
Asian
34
115.765
135.554
23.2474
1
480
5
20
60
150
360
450
480
480
Race
Some
Others
53
167
149.049
20.4735
3
750
5
60
130
238
320
475
553
750
Race
Hispanic
125
117.28
128.886
11.5279
1
720
5
30
70
150
270
355
590
610
Race
Refused
35
187.143
163.771
27.6824
5
600
5
60
170
240
450
510
600
600
Hispanic
No
2857
153.812
158.38
2.9631
1
1290
5
40
105
210
362
480
610
720
Hispanic
Yes
222
146.405
154.069
10.3405
1
750
5
30
112.5
200
345
480
640
690
Hispanic
DK
15
191.533
178.278
46.0312
15
585
15
40
140
380
420
585
585
585
Hispanic
Refused
30
212.5
165.335
30.186
5
600
5
60
180
345
457.5
510
600
600
Employment
*
774
175.762
156.127
5.6119
1
1250
15
60
125
245
380
480
610
705
Employment
Full
Time
1110
141.308
159.947
4.8008
1
1080
5
30
85
195
358.5
490
660
745
Employment
Part
Time
240
134.663
140.78
9.0873
1
1080
5
30
90
182.5
332.5
422.5
485
525
Employment
Not
Employed
978
156.052
159.151
5.0891
1
1290
5
40
115
220
375
480
610
701
Employment
Refused
22
152.727
209.828
44.7355
5
660
5
15
60
125
555
600
660
660
Education
*
825
174.105
156.184
5.4376
1
1250
15
60
125
240
380
480
610
699
Education
<
High
School
306
171.941
188.396
10.7699
1
1290
7
45
120
240
405
510
765
855
Education
High
School
Graduate
837
153.633
154.781
5.35
1
840
5
35
105
215
380
480
598
701
Education
<
College
527
143.362
157.106
6.8436
1
1080
5
30
90
195
360
465
615
720
Education
College
Graduate
355
126.868
142.575
7.5671
1
750
5
30
80
170
300
415
615
690
Education
Post
Graduate
274
130.504
150.996
9.122
1
1065
5
30
75
180
325
465
570
660
Census
Region
Northeast
635
147.967
143.678
5.7017
1
750
5
35
105
215
345
450
575
610
Census
Region
Midwest
639
156.028
169.151
6.6915
1
1290
5
45
102
210
360
500
655
750
Census
Region
South
1120
158.577
165.201
4.9363
1
1080
5
40
110
210
390
495
640
745
Census
Region
West
730
150.579
149.63
5.5381
1
855
5
36
105
213
360
465
575
660
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1933
141.157
148.958
3.388
1
1250
5
31
90
190
345
452
598
698
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
1191
174.924
170.399
4.9375
1
1290
10
50
120
260
400
500
660
745
Season
Winter
548
113.96
138.121
5.9002
1
1080
5
25
60
150
280
380
540
690
Season
Spring
1034
171.915
159.391
4.9568
1
990
10
60
120
240
390
495
645
730
Season
Summer
1098
168.309
168.2
5.076
1
1290
5
50
120
235
400
510
630
715
Season
Fall
444
126.525
140.747
6.6796
1
960
5
30
75
162.5
313
420
575
655
Asthma
No
2869
154.516
159.172
2.9717
1
1290
5
40
105
210
365
480
615
720
Asthma
Yes
236
145.835
145.523
9.4727
1
885
5
45
105
190
360
450
575
610
Asthma
DK
19
182.421
181.024
41.5298
1
600
1
60
120
300
480
600
600
600
Angina
No
3023
153.218
156.257
2.842
1
1290
5
40
105
210
360
479
610
707
Angina
Yes
76
172.855
222.319
25.5017
2
1080
5
30
68.5
252.5
465
660
1065
1080
Angina
DK
25
195
170.434
34.0869
5
600
5
60
150
300
465
480
600
600
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2968
154.884
158.787
2.9146
1
1290
5
40
105
210
367
480
615
715
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
139
129.353
142.494
12.0862
1
855
5
30
75
175
327
415
553
735
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
17
206.765
179.765
43.5994
5
600
5
60
170
300
480
600
600
600
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
149
Table
15­
133.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Traveling
Inside
a
Vehicle
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
7743
97.278
104.938
1.1926
1
1440
12
40
70
120
190
270
425
570
Gender
Male
3603
103.696
119.736
1.9948
1
1440
10
40
70
120
205
295
478
655
Gender
Female
4138
91.721
89.756
1.3953
1
995
12
40
70
115
180
240
385
465
Gender
Refused
2
30
14.142
10
20
40
20
20
30
40
40
40
40
40
Age
(
years)
*
144
117.035
129.103
10.7586
5
810
20
40
80
142.5
210
435
593
660
Age
(
years)
1­
4
335
68.116
75.531
4.1267
1
955
10
30
47
85
150
200
245
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
571
71.033
77.62
3.2483
1
900
10
25
51
90
140
171
275
360
Age
(
years)
12­
17
500
81.53
79.8
3.5687
1
790
10
30
60
100
165.5
232.5
345
405
Age
(
years)
18­
64
5286
104.011
111.1
1.5281
1
1440
15
43
75
120
200
285
450
620
Age
(
years)
>
64
907
90.87
93.881
3.1173
4
900
10
35
60
120
190
258
400
460
Race
White
6288
97.248
107.173
1.3515
1
1440
10
40
70
120
190
270
425
595
Race
Black
766
98.723
91.337
3.3001
2
810
15
45
75
120
195
265
390
485
Race
Asian
133
83.414
74.929
6.4972
5
540
20
35
70
105
150
210
330
360
Race
Some
Others
144
96.181
93.965
7.8304
3
690
10
40
69.5
127.5
180
250
345
540
Race
Hispanic
319
101.734
110.376
6.1799
2
825
20
41
70
120
190
335
465
620
Race
Refused
93
93.591
90.073
9.3401
10
480
15
30
65
120
205
255
420
480
Hispanic
No
7050
97.149
104.847
1.2487
1
1440
10
40
70
120
190
270
420
566
Hispanic
Yes
578
100.043
109.048
4.5358
2
825
15
40
70
120
190
285
480
630
Hispanic
DK
34
73
68.279
11.7098
5
325
6
25
60
97
175
200
325
325
Hispanic
Refused
81
98.914
95.273
10.5859
10
480
15
30
65
130
220
255
420
480
Employment
*
1388
73.609
77.782
2.0878
1
955
10
30
55
90
150
195
275
382
Employment
Full
Time
3732
105.816
116.18
1.9018
4
1440
16
45
75
124
198
290
475
660
Employment
Part
Time
720
98.763
94.999
3.5404
2
960
10
45
75
120
195
260
380
470
Employment
Not
Employed
1849
96.561
99.534
2.3147
1
995
10
37
65
120
200
275
420
526
Employment
Refused
54
120.296
108.615
14.7807
10
480
20
35
88
190
290
330
390
480
Education
*
1550
76.39
78.923
2.0047
1
955
10
30
60
95
155
201
302.5
385
Education
<
High
School
561
100.822
120.246
5.0768
5
1440
15
40
70
120
180
265
460
620
Education
High
School
Graduate
2166
101.605
107.594
2.3118
1
1210
12
40
70
120
210
286
445
570
Education
<
College
1556
103.215
110.128
2.7919
2
1280
15
40
75
120
195
285
460
630
Education
College
Graduate
1108
104.532
109.485
3.2891
4
1215
15
45
75
125
200
280
450
675
Education
Post
Graduate
802
101.938
108.688
3.8379
4
1357
20
45
75.5
120
195
270
365
480
Census
Region
Northeast
1662
98.585
106.64
2.6158
1
1215
15
40
70
120
190
275
425
570
Census
Region
Midwest
1759
101.229
114.641
2.7334
1
1440
10
40
70
120
205
290
435
595
Census
Region
South
2704
96.051
97.72
1.8792
1
955
13
40
70
120
190
250
420
558
Census
Region
West
1618
93.689
103.717
2.5785
2
1280
10
35
65
115
180
260
420
540
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
5289
94.437
101.435
1.3948
1
1215
10
40
66
115
180
260
435
575
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
2454
103.399
111.892
2.2587
1
1440
13
40
75
125
205
280
420
540
Season
Winter
2037
94.31
101.375
2.2461
1
1080
10
35
65
116
190
270
425
544
Season
Spring
2032
99.612
110.464
2.4505
1
1440
12
40
70
120
200
275
440
546
Season
Summer
2090
97.792
103.76
2.2696
1
1357
10
40
70
120
190
260
415
558
Season
Fall
1584
97.419
103.714
2.6059
1
1280
14
40
70
120
180
265
420
620
Asthma
No
7152
97.262
104.554
1.2363
1
1440
10
40
70
120
190
270
425
570
Asthma
Yes
544
97.241
110.792
4.7502
4
955
17
40
65
116.5
180
255
460
705
Asthma
DK
47
100
95.192
13.8852
10
480
10
30
75
120
220
239
480
480
Angina
No
7516
97.288
105.235
1.2139
1
1440
11
40
70
120
190
270
425
570
Angina
Yes
172
93.07
93.142
7.102
8
615
15
30
65
120
185
280
420
540
Angina
DK
55
108.945
99.695
13.4429
10
480
20
35
75
150
235
360
390
480
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
7349
97.559
106.055
1.2371
1
1440
10
40
70
120
190
270
425
580
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
342
90.971
79.287
4.2873
2
505
15
40
70
115
195
240
325
460
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
52
98.942
93.767
13.0031
5
480
10
30
73.5
145
195
239
390
480
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
150
August
1997
Table
15­
134.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
Near
a
Vehicle
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2825
79.828
143.82
2.7059
1
1440
2
10
30
65
200
465
600
675
Gender
Male
1388
111.21
184.96
4.9645
1
1440
3
11
30.5
90
430
570
675
735
Gender
Female
1436
49.541
75.947
2.0042
1
790
2
10
25
60
120
180
290
420
Gender
Refused
1
20
*
*
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Age
(
years)
*
51
64.373
90.949
12.7354
1
510
4
20
40
65
125
290
360
510
Age
(
years)
1­
4
102
45.99
59.489
5.8903
1
420
2
10
30
60
105
160
192
245
Age
(
years)
5­
11
230
55.909
86.475
5.702
1
540
2
10
20
60
170
215
360
465
Age
(
years)
12­
17
313
40.879
55.718
3.1494
1
435
3
10
21
45
100
160
220
260
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1787
96.365
169.13
4.0009
1
1440
2
10
30
75
325
539
645
720
Age
(
years)
>
64
342
57.55
85.255
4.61
1
560
4
10
30
60
120
205
450
510
Race
White
2275
81.787
148.41
3.1116
1
1440
2
10
30
68
210
480
600
695
Race
Black
278
78.374
130.69
7.838
1
645
2
10
30
70
190
435
580
600
Race
Asian
51
42.431
61.693
8.6387
1
405
2
10
28
60
85
120
150
405
Race
Some
Others
50
73.06
113.02
15.9836
1
535
2
15
40
60
167.5
420
492.5
535
Race
Hispanic
136
55.066
100.19
8.591
1
600
2
10
25
54.5
110
170
525
600
Race
Refused
35
124.4
186.88
31.5887
4
810
10
20
40
120
360
565
810
810
Hispanic
No
2552
79.761
142.98
2.8303
1
1440
2
10
30
65
200
457
600
665
Hispanic
Yes
230
68.091
125.96
8.3058
1
765
2
10
30
60
147.5
410
565
615
Hispanic
DK
13
185.31
321.29
89.1098
2
985
2
10
25
100
705
985
985
985
Hispanic
Refused
30
129.83
198.28
36.2
10
810
10
20
40
98
435
585
810
810
Employment
*
632
46.989
68.827
2.7378
1
540
2
10
23
55
120
180
265
360
Employment
Full
Time
1169
114.86
193.04
5.646
1
1440
2
10
30
90
485
570
690
740
Employment
Part
Time
254
67.118
114.34
7.174
1
795
2
10
30
63
165
280
510
600
Employment
Not
Employed
751
56.792
84.927
3.099
1
690
2
10
30
60
130
210
360
465
Employment
Refused
19
96.947
185.76
42.616
5
790
5
20
30
90
360
790
790
790
Education
*
702
47.098
70.151
2.6477
1
540
2
10
24
55
120
180
265
360
Education
<
High
School
222
105.76
193.65
12.9967
1
1440
4
10
30
90
365
540
720
735
Education
High
School
Graduate
702
113.18
185.75
7.0107
1
1410
2
10
35
90
455
555
665
740
Education
<
College
537
87.927
157.3
6.7878
1
985
2
10
30
70
240
540
635
705
Education
College
Graduate
367
70.905
117.85
6.1515
1
660
2
10
30
68
170
325
565
600
Education
Post
Graduate
295
55.186
86.872
5.0579
1
710
3
10
30
60
120
200
362
560
Census
Region
Northeast
749
75.734
130.56
4.7705
1
985
3
10
30
70
179
375
570
665
Census
Region
Midwest
586
77.445
141.21
5.8332
1
1440
2
10
30
60
210
390
560
645
Census
Region
South
836
86.447
160.31
5.5443
1
1410
2
10
30
61.5
240
525
643
710
Census
Region
West
654
78.19
138.28
5.4072
1
985
2
10
30
65
180
435
570
615
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
2018
84.241
155.61
3.4639
1
1440
2
10
30
65
215
515
625
705
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
807
68.793
108.2
3.8088
1
705
2
10
30
65
180
310
465
540
Season
Winter
703
70.91
141.83
5.3492
1
1440
2
10
26
60
160
365
570
643
Season
Spring
791
80.542
135.48
4.817
1
810
2
10
30
74
215
435
570
645
Season
Summer
819
84.178
150.3
5.2519
1
985
2
10
30
70
210
510
615
705
Season
Fall
512
84.01
148.27
6.5525
1
930
2
10
30
70
225
510
600
690
Asthma
No
2596
80.366
143.21
2.8107
1
1410
2
10
30
65
205
475
600
675
Asthma
Yes
205
75.088
157.15
10.9756
1
1440
2
10
30
65
160
309
580
690
Asthma
DK
24
62.083
78.548
16.0335
5
360
5
17.5
35
67.5
98
225
360
360
Angina
No
2726
79.57
144.32
2.7642
1
1440
2
10
30
65
196
465
600
687
Angina
Yes
76
92.434
139.38
15.9879
1
570
3
10
35
91
354
465
535
570
Angina
DK
23
68.696
91.209
19.0183
5
360
10
20
40
75
98
330
360
360
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2684
79.404
142.84
2.7572
1
1440
2
10
30
65
197
465
600
665
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
115
93.843
175.36
16.3523
1
985
2
10
30
90
225
465
735
985
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
26
61.615
72.201
14.1598
5
360
7
27
40
75
110
180
360
360
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
151
Table
15­
135.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Outdoors
Other
Than
Near
a
Residence
or
Vehicle
Such
as
Parks,
Golf
Courses,
or
Farms
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1383
200.153
202.665
5.45
1
1440
10
60
130
276
510
600
748
915
Gender
Male
789
223.482
208.727
7.431
1
1440
20
60
150
315
540
635
765
900
Gender
Female
593
168.742
189.993
7.802
1
1440
10
40
105
238
420
540
700
930
Gender
Refused
1
420
*
*
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
Age
(
years)
*
19
183.368
160.349
36.787
10
540
10
60
140
220
510
540
540
540
Age
(
years)
1­
4
54
164.648
177.34
24.133
1
980
10
60
120
175
370
560
630
980
Age
(
years)
5­
11
159
171.34
177.947
14.112
5
1210
15
55
115
221
405
574
660
725
Age
(
years)
12­
17
175
156.903
174.411
13.184
5
1065
10
45
100
210
385
570
735
915
Age
(
years)
18­
64
858
219.425
215.094
7.343
1
1440
10
60
150
310
540
635
780
933
Age
(
years)
>
64
118
181.932
180.158
16.585
5
900
20
55
112.5
280
480
570
600
735
Race
White
1186
202.615
203.396
5.906
1
1440
14
60
134.5
280
510
615
750
930
Race
Black
81
185.84
195.119
21.68
1
765
5
40
108
240
540
585
690
765
Race
Asian
20
169.45
189.122
42.289
10
665
10
32.5
95
230
477.5
585
665
665
Race
Some
Others
30
187.5
161.849
29.549
10
560
10
60
120
270
437.5
535
560
560
Race
Hispanic
57
158.298
203.27
26.924
1
1305
5
30
110
228
370
435
555
1305
Race
Refused
9
380
250.637
83.546
30
810
30
195
435
540
810
810
810
810
Hispanic
No
1267
202.593
203.353
5.713
1
1440
10
60
130
280
510
615
748
915
Hispanic
Yes
103
163.942
185.155
18.244
1
1305
10
30
115
228
400
511
555
555
Hispanic
DK
4
67.5
59.231
29.616
10
145
10
22.5
57.5
112.5
145
145
145
145
Hispanic
Refused
9
330
259.459
86.486
30
810
30
140
210
510
810
810
810
810
Employment
*
383
163.846
176.805
9.034
1
1210
10
51
110
215
385
560
665
915
Employment
Full
Time
555
228.526
219.372
9.312
1
1305
14
60
150
335
545
645
825
955
Employment
Part
Time
126
202.556
211.673
18.857
3
1440
10
60
125
280
510
580
690
700
Employment
Not
Employed
309
191.469
189.268
10.767
1
1440
10
50
125
275
480
565
690
735
Employment
Refused
10
254
240.899
76.179
30
810
30
105
167.5
280
675
810
810
810
Education
*
429
163.949
175.476
8.472
1
1210
10
55
115
210
385
560
665
840
Education
<
High
School
83
264.482
255.463
28.041
1
1305
30
60
180
480
555
600
1100
1305
Education
High
School
Graduate
313
228.613
228.235
12.901
3
1440
10
60
160
310
570
690
855
990
Education
<
College
250
217.984
202.991
12.838
1
1440
10
60
152.5
330
510
555
715
765
Education
College
Graduate
185
207.27
190.178
13.982
1
930
20
60
128
285
505
600
690
795
Education
Post
Graduate
123
163.642
173.04
15.603
1
900
10
45
90
240
385
480
735
780
Census
Region
Northeast
279
196.824
208.372
12.475
1
1305
10
60
130
265
480
590
900
1130
Census
Region
Midwest
309
196.702
211.59
12.037
1
1440
10
50
120
270
510
635
740
900
Census
Region
South
468
198.432
195.071
9.017
1
933
15
60
120
285
510
600
748
825
Census
Region
West
327
208.716
200.465
11.086
1
1440
15
60
150
285
525
580
725
855
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
851
183.982
197.931
6.785
1
1440
10
45
119
240
490
585
735
900
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
532
226.019
207.598
9
1
1440
20
68.5
155
320
525
630
810
915
Season
Winter
241
175.676
192.682
12.412
1
1065
10
35
93
253
450
585
750
810
Season
Spring
412
185.806
174.522
8.598
5
980
15
60
130
240
473
555
665
740
Season
Summer
508
224.996
220.748
9.794
1
1440
15
60
150
305
540
630
840
990
Season
Fall
222
196.5
213.598
14.336
1
1130
10
35
120
280
540
600
780
900
Asthma
No
1283
196.564
196.894
5.497
1
1440
10
60
125
270
495
600
730
855
Asthma
Yes
93
244.344
263.314
27.304
5
1440
15
60
150
350
530
810
1100
1440
Asthma
DK
7
270.714
274.415
103.719
30
810
30
60
195
450
810
810
810
810
Angina
No
1352
199.038
202.274
5.501
1
1440
10
60
130
270
510
600
740
915
Angina
Yes
25
238.64
205.994
41.199
1
730
5
60
210
340
465
690
730
730
Angina
DK
6
290.833
275.979
112.668
30
810
30
140
202.5
360
810
810
810
810
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1326
199.761
200.843
5.516
1
1440
10
60
130
275
500
600
735
900
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
51
206.431
239.756
33.573
5
1100
10
50
110
305
540
700
930
1100
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
6
233.333
294.035
120.039
15
810
15
30
167.5
210
810
810
810
810
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
152
August
1997
Table
15­
136.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
an
Office
or
Factory
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1975
393.972
230.763
5.1926
1
1440
9
180
485
550
630
675
765
818
Gender
Male
1012
410.816
233.454
7.3386
1
1440
10
225
495
565
645
710
780
855
Gender
Female
963
376.271
226.676
7.3045
1
855
5
120
480
540
600
645
710
750
Age
(
years)
*
49
438.918
232.58
33.2257
10
900
20
299
500
555
675
780
900
900
Age
(
years)
1­
4
12
31.583
25.639
7.4013
5
90
5
12.5
25
44.5
60
90
90
90
Age
(
years)
5­
11
14
100.929
155.126
41.4593
2
580
2
10
32.5
178
195
580
580
580
Age
(
years)
12­
17
19
145.421
181.118
41.5512
1
625
1
10
50
240
510
625
625
625
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1749
418.971
218.445
5.2233
1
1440
10
273
500
555
630
680
765
818
Age
(
years)
>
64
132
145.848
193.973
16.8832
1
705
3
10
40
205
495
540
640
675
Race
White
1612
387.646
231.968
5.7776
1
1440
6
150
480
550
628
675
750
800
Race
Black
191
413.911
218
15.7739
1
1037
10
268
485
540
635
720
803
900
Race
Asian
42
428.024
216.759
33.4466
10
780
30
285
491.5
553
660
745
780
780
Race
Some
Others
28
480.893
200.859
37.9588
40
795
75
347.5
540
582.5
715
780
795
795
Race
Hispanic
74
394.459
237.847
27.6492
1
840
5
230
492.5
560
645
720
765
840
Race
Refused
28
482.893
246.079
46.5046
30
997
30
373
532.5
607.5
818
860
997
997
Hispanic
No
1805
393.453
229.593
5.404
1
1440
10
180
483
550
630
675
755
810
Hispanic
Yes
138
393.645
238.608
20.3116
1
840
5
180
497.5
560
644
675
765
795
Hispanic
DK
7
262.571
242.131
91.5168
1
610
1
12
245
540
610
610
610
610
Hispanic
Refused
25
470.04
258.753
51.7505
17
860
30
311
525
615
810
818
860
860
Employment
*
43
121.279
177.984
27.1423
1
685
2
10
40
178
307
580
685
685
Employment
Full
Time
1535
455.571
200.299
5.1124
1
1440
15
400
510
570
644
700
775
837
Employment
Part
Time
164
293.03
196.95
15.3792
1
750
10
95
342.5
480
525
555
585
615
Employment
Not
Employed
213
77.643
122.957
8.4249
1
705
3
10
30
90
215
305
570
640
Employment
Refused
20
449.15
184.813
41.3256
30
675
60
334
522.5
550
645
675
675
675
Education
*
80
225.1
248.547
27.7884
1
860
3
15
105
470
607.5
675
780
860
Education
<
High
School
104
329.548
264.402
25.9267
2
930
5
50.5
388.5
552.5
640
705
765
855
Education
High
School
Graduate
631
396.876
228.074
9.0795
1
997
10
210
492
550
615
675
760
800
Education
<
College
462
393.108
228.826
10.6459
1
1440
5
210
480
540
615
660
770
820
Education
College
Graduate
415
437.231
205.198
10.0728
1
900
10
325
510
570
640
690
750
800
Education
Post
Graduate
283
396.883
232.151
13.7999
2
860
5
175
480
565
640
675
780
818
Census
Region
Northeast
465
399.075
226.243
10.4918
1
930
10
215
485
550
625
675
765
840
Census
Region
Midwest
439
389.31
229.075
10.9331
1
997
8
180
480
550
630
670
750
800
Census
Region
South
666
408.637
228.181
8.8418
1
1440
10
225
497.5
555
630
675
760
840
Census
Region
West
405
369.052
240.375
11.9443
1
900
5
95
470
550
630
675
760
800
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1759
406.795
225.173
5.3689
1
997
10
237
495
555
630
675
755
810
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
216
289.551
249.076
16.9475
1
1440
3
30
282.5
495
600
670
800
900
Season
Winter
531
390.716
231.677
10.0539
1
997
10
180
480
550
625
675
755
835
Season
Spring
470
385.198
240.678
11.1016
1
1440
5
120
480
553
630
695
775
837
Season
Summer
550
393.524
224.454
9.5708
1
1037
9
200
482.5
540
613.5
675
753
810
Season
Fall
424
408.358
226.578
11.0036
1
840
10
238.5
500
566.5
640
675
750
770
Asthma
No
1845
394.976
230.383
5.3635
1
1440
8
185
490
550
630
675
760
810
Asthma
Yes
114
371.693
231.336
21.6666
3
840
10
120
462.5
540
630
675
800
837
Asthma
DK
16
437
272.067
68.0168
5
860
5
232.5
520
587.5
780
860
860
860
Angina
No
1931
395.718
229.668
5.2265
1
1440
10
195
490
550
630
675
760
811
Angina
Yes
26
265.462
246.766
48.3947
5
650
9
15
175
490
630
645
650
650
Angina
DK
18
392.333
282.64
66.619
5
860
5
30
490
550
780
860
860
860
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1873
395.611
229.961
5.3135
1
1440
8
195
490
550
630
675
760
818
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
86
356.43
236.119
25.4614
5
800
10
75
427.5
540
620
660
720
800
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
16
403.875
289.456
72.3641
5
860
5
30
490
582.5
780
860
860
860
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
153
Table
15­
137.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Malls,
Grocery
Stores,
or
Other
Stores
Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2697
114.975
140.961
2.7143
1
1080
10
30
60
135
285
482
570
640
Gender
Male
1020
120.159
157.143
4.9203
1
840
5
30
60
130
375
530
609
658
Gender
Female
1677
111.822
130.088
3.1766
1
1080
10
30
60
135
255
400
550
600
Age
(
years)
*
50
139.44
137.586
19.4576
15
660
20
45
92.5
180
338.5
420
565
660
Age
(
years)
1­
4
110
90.036
77.887
7.4263
5
420
10
40
65
105
210
250
359
360
Age
(
years)
5­
11
129
77.674
68.035
5.9901
3
320
5
30
60
110
180
225
255
280
Age
(
years)
12­
17
140
88.714
101.361
8.5666
1
530
5
20
45
123.5
222.5
317.5
384
413
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1871
125.927
156.815
3.6253
1
1080
10
30
60
150
360
525
600
658
Age
(
years)
>
64
397
88.572
88.477
4.4405
1
655
10
30
60
120
180
255
400
470
Race
White
2234
111.563
139.443
2.9502
1
1080
10
30
60
130
265
495
570
640
Race
Black
237
123
152.318
9.8941
2
800
10
25
60
135
370
480
600
613
Race
Asian
37
158.892
151.725
24.9434
2
600
14
50
105
220
410
480
600
600
Race
Some
Others
52
150.231
146.737
20.3488
5
660
14
65
102.5
180
280
588
600
660
Race
Hispanic
110
133.145
138.309
13.1872
1
720
10
35
90
195
310
450
535
540
Race
Refused
27
124.741
131.136
25.2372
10
515
10
30
60
207
300
380
515
515
Hispanic
No
2476
114.387
141.819
2.8501
1
1080
10
30
60
131.5
285
495
570
640
Hispanic
Yes
188
126.074
133.15
9.711
1
720
10
30
90
172.5
270
450
540
610
Hispanic
DK
12
49.417
37.689
10.8798
2
122
2
17.5
47.5
69.5
105
122
122
122
Hispanic
Refused
21
122.429
138.488
30.2206
10
515
20
33
60
180
290
380
515
515
Employment
*
372
86.946
86.322
4.4756
1
660
5
30
60
120
206
255
360
384
Employment
Full
Time
1170
136.797
176.691
5.1656
1
1080
10
30
60
150
480
562
640
690
Employment
Part
Time
285
134.123
147.732
8.7509
2
540
6
30
65
186
400
480
520
540
Employment
Not
Employed
854
91.198
87.218
2.9846
1
585
10
30
60
120
195
255
360
420
Employment
Refused
16
98.938
110.033
27.5083
10
357
10
31.5
52.5
115
290
357
357
357
Education
*
420
88.262
91.922
4.4853
1
660
5
29
60
120
210
262.5
384
420
Education
<
High
School
206
128.937
155.722
10.8497
2
1080
10
30
75
150
330
500
570
605
Education
High
School
Graduate
792
126.295
158.884
5.6457
1
960
5
30
60
150
365
524
600
660
Education
<
College
583
129.849
149.53
6.1929
1
800
10
30
70
165
345
510
563
651
Education
College
Graduate
411
117.876
144.142
7.11
1
720
10
30
60
135
290
515
600
640
Education
Post
Graduate
285
78.182
95.665
5.6667
1
630
10
25
50
90
160
250
450
555
Census
Region
Northeast
622
110.201
134.942
5.4107
1
755
5
30
60
130
280
465
563
600
Census
Region
Midwest
601
108.243
133.098
5.4292
2
840
10
30
60
130
250
440
560
645
Census
Region
South
871
127.922
155.825
5.2799
1
1080
10
30
60
155
320
520
600
660
Census
Region
West
603
107.909
130.742
5.3242
1
840
10
30
60
120
255
430
550
600
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1721
117.451
148.879
3.5887
1
1080
10
30
60
135
320
510
586
650
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
976
110.61
125.747
4.0251
1
840
5
30
65
135
255
380
560
608
Season
Winter
683
111.71
134
5.1274
2
840
10
30
60
135
255
420
568
660
Season
Spring
679
115.844
142.21
5.4575
1
720
10
30
60
130
300
500
588
645
Season
Summer
759
113.138
147.47
5.3528
1
1080
5
30
60
125
300
510
570
610
Season
Fall
576
120.243
138.948
5.7895
1
840
10
30
60
160
295
480
550
640
Asthma
No
2480
116.246
142.351
2.8585
1
1080
10
30
60
135
287.5
495
575
640
Asthma
Yes
208
101.111
124.977
8.6656
1
600
5
30
60
120
245
420
545
550
Asthma
DK
9
85.111
79.634
26.5447
33
290
33
55
58
60
290
290
290
290
Angina
No
2607
115.981
142.101
2.7831
1
1080
10
30
60
135
290
495
570
640
Angina
Yes
74
90.838
103.912
12.0795
2
630
15
37
64
105
150
190
510
630
Angina
DK
16
62.688
68.084
17.021
2
290
2
30
55
60
110
290
290
290
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2553
115.736
141.704
2.8045
1
1080
10
30
60
135
285
481
570
640
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
130
104.754
131.336
11.5189
5
613
10
25
60
135
192.5
505
575
609
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
14
71.143
66.864
17.8701
20
290
20
35
56.5
70
110
290
290
290
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
154
August
1997
Table
15­
138.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Schools,
Churches,
Hospitals,
and
Public
Buildings
Percentile
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2932
274.332
205.942
3.8033
1
1440
20
95
221
430
540
615
725
805
Gender
Male
1234
285.147
206.713
5.8845
1
1440
30
110
255
425
540
620
745
840
Gender
Female
1698
266.472
205.082
4.9769
1
1440
20
90
200
430
540
610
713
800
Age
(
years)
*
50
268.96
221.042
31.2601
5
1030
30
100
192.5
400
590
625
871.5
1030
Age
(
years)
1­
4
98
233
235.787
23.8181
1
1440
5
60
150
390
545
595
900
1440
Age
(
years)
5­
11
391
351.202
149.578
7.5645
5
665
70
245
389
440
535
562
625
645
Age
(
years)
12­
17
355
366.338
161.247
8.5581
1
935
60
260
415
446
502
605
710
805
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1653
267.707
221.203
5.4407
1
1440
15
87
190
450
570
655
760
855
Age
(
years)
>
64
385
151.091
128.639
6.556
5
710
21
60
115
195
340
435
525
615
Race
White
2310
268.239
204.323
4.2512
1
1440
20
90
210
429
540
612
705
765
Race
Black
332
303.473
207.071
11.3645
1
1440
35
135
285
440
540
630
775
1000
Race
Asian
61
295
199.398
25.5302
5
900
30
135
240
425
535
565
840
900
Race
Some
Others
57
314.684
203.549
26.9607
10
967
30
135
360
455
525
598
820
967
Race
Hispanic
141
283.936
229.828
19.355
2
1440
11
100
237
430
525
630
840
940
Race
Refused
31
257.774
192.517
34.5771
5
681
5
120
240
430
495
625
681
681
Hispanic
No
2654
271.293
203.551
3.9511
1
1440
20
94
215
425
540
612
712
800
Hispanic
Yes
240
306.388
230.835
14.9003
1
1440
20
110
287.5
444.5
567.5
695
840
940
Hispanic
DK
13
279.385
230.736
63.9946
35
760
35
65
235
420
562
760
760
760
Hispanic
Refused
25
286.6
175.367
35.0734
5
625
55
145
255
440
495
565
625
625
Employment
*
821
343.484
171.113
5.9719
1
1440
55
190
393
441
520
570
645
713
Employment
Full
Time
1029
300.3
239.785
7.4751
1
1440
15
90
215
510
610
685
775
900
Employment
Part
Time
293
251.324
199.326
11.6447
1
1030
20
85
200
387
525
610
800
880
Employment
Not
Employed
775
176.406
148.414
5.3312
1
855
15
60
121
250
400
475
570
641
Employment
Refused
14
212.857
147.736
39.484
5
440
5
120
190
305
430
440
440
440
Education
*
917
340.328
172.613
5.7002
1
1440
45
190
390
440
525
580
645
713
Education
<
High
School
166
172.602
138.026
10.7129
1
735
27
70
123.5
235
375
465
525
640
Education
High
School
Graduate
617
207.29
199.027
8.0125
1
1440
15
60
135
295
510
585
690
785
Education
<
College
520
247.492
213.609
9.3674
1
1000
15
85
165
420
552.5
640
760
855
Education
College
Graduate
351
261.581
214.287
11.4378
1
1005
15
85
180
450
560
625
750
800
Education
Post
Graduate
361
319.114
236.166
12.4298
1
1440
30
110
290
510
615
683
765
900
Census
Region
Northeast
645
272.747
211.594
8.3315
1
1440
25
90
215
420
545
630
735
855
Census
Region
Midwest
686
275.394
207.157
7.9093
1
1440
30
88
239
425
540
615
745
850
Census
Region
South
1036
278.387
201.004
6.2449
1
1440
20
110
230
440
535
600
690
778
Census
Region
West
565
267.418
207.214
8.7176
1
1440
15
100
200
420
555
620
712
820
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
2091
309.844
212.577
4.6488
1
1440
15
115
340
460
565
632
750
855
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
841
186.039
156.873
5.4094
1
1440
40
85
140
230
385
525
640
735
Season
Winter
847
296.587
201.244
6.9148
1
1440
30
120
285
444
545
615
710
770
Season
Spring
805
276.761
204.618
7.2118
1
1440
30
110
220
420
535
600
725
840
Season
Summer
667
254.115
209.724
8.1205
1
1015
20
80
180
420
550
630
738
890
Season
Fall
613
262.39
207.33
8.374
1
1005
14
75
210
425
540
615
712
778
Asthma
No
2689
273.193
207.301
3.9977
1
1440
20
94
217
430
540
615
725
820
Asthma
Yes
229
287.974
191.578
12.6598
1
855
25
120
275
435
533
605
645
800
Asthma
DK
14
270
171.24
45.7658
5
565
5
145
280
430
445
565
565
565
Angina
No
2836
277.127
206.396
3.8757
1
1440
20
100
230
430
540
615
725
805
Angina
Yes
78
176.423
172.803
19.5661
5
890
28
60
120
195
480
575
625
890
Angina
DK
18
258.278
165.599
39.0321
3
565
3
145
270
378
480
565
565
565
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2794
276.999
207.348
3.9227
1
1440
20
95
228
430
540
615
726
840
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
121
212.562
166.349
15.1226
10
662
30
90
145
375
445
490
605
630
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
17
275.765
163.401
39.6306
5
565
5
145
305
415
440
565
565
565
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
155
Table
15­
139.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Bars/
Nightclubs,
Bowling
Alleys,
and
Restaurants
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
2296
111.735
131.368
2.7416
1
925
10
40
60
120
255
405
568
660
Gender
Male
1127
109.497
129.654
3.8621
1
900
10
35
60
120
240
377
560
660
Gender
Female
1169
113.892
133.019
3.8905
2
925
10
45
60
120
270
424
570
645
Age
(
years)
*
32
138.094
151.816
26.8376
15
610
30
47.5
65
150
315
495
610
610
Age
(
years)
1­
4
61
62.705
47.701
6.1075
4
330
10
35
55
85
115
120
130
330
Age
(
years)
5­
11
88
58.602
39.746
4.2369
5
180
10
30
45
85
120
137
170
180
Age
(
years)
12­
17
127
76.614
82.038
7.2797
2
455
10
30
50
90
220
270
325
360
Age
(
years)
18­
64
1718
121.371
142.223
3.4313
1
925
10
40
65
135
285
462
600
680
Age
(
years)
>
64
270
92.207
90.483
5.5066
3
750
20
45
62.5
100
177.5
255
358
520
Race
White
1945
108.84
127.174
2.8836
1
925
10
40
60
120
240
388
560
645
Race
Black
167
121.88
147.847
11.4408
5
805
10
30
60
153
300
490
555
735
Race
Asian
42
103.976
104.151
16.0709
5
497
30
40
62.5
120
200
240
497
497
Race
Some
Others
36
159.333
196.721
32.7868
5
765
10
52.5
90
137.5
495
750
765
765
Race
Hispanic
83
130.205
161.594
17.7373
5
813
15
40
65
143
360
485
700
813
Race
Refused
23
155.913
135.696
28.2945
20
480
30
60
88
270
330
410
480
480
Hispanic
No
2131
110.53
129.679
2.8092
1
925
10
40
60
120
245
395
560
650
Hispanic
Yes
141
127.319
153.659
12.9404
1
813
15
40
70
120
360
440
700
765
Hispanic
DK
7
95
115.109
43.507
5
315
5
10
40
165
315
315
315
315
Hispanic
Refused
17
140.353
147.503
35.7748
30
480
30
40
70
210
410
480
480
480
Employment
*
273
65.85
61.078
3.6966
2
455
10
30
50
85
120
182
273
330
Employment
Full
Time
1215
125.765
151.364
4.3424
1
925
10
40
63
135
300
500
640
735
Employment
Part
Time
236
144.729
157.886
10.2775
1
813
10
47.5
80
180
385
520
615
745
Employment
Not
Employed
559
88.642
77.231
3.2665
3
610
15
45
60
115
180
240
315
388
Employment
Refused
13
158.077
127.157
35.267
30
425
30
70
105
240
330
425
425
425
Education
*
309
76.006
81.68
4.6466
1
548
10
30
55
90
165
255
330
455
Education
<
High
School
155
154.155
175.537
14.0995
5
925
15
40
90
209
388
545
700
870
Education
High
School
Graduate
665
119.502
145.414
5.6389
3
910
10
45
60
120
290
485
630
680
Education
<
College
498
121.321
137.839
6.1767
2
775
10
40
75
135
270
440
610
675
Education
College
Graduate
395
101.096
109.709
5.5201
1
765
15
40
60
120
225
330
507
570
Education
Post
Graduate
274
107.091
117.52
7.0997
3
765
15
40
65
120
220
330
560
675
Census
Region
Northeast
462
115.771
127.168
5.9164
2
765
15
45
70
120
270
380
560
650
Census
Region
Midwest
561
113.688
132.476
5.5932
1
813
10
40
65
120
250
410
570
675
Census
Region
South
748
105.619
133.036
4.8643
2
910
13
35
60
110
240
390
555
650
Census
Region
West
525
114.81
131.486
5.7385
1
925
10
37
70
130
245
417
590
640
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
1407
112.164
138.508
3.6926
1
925
10
35
60
120
270
430
595
675
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
889
111.055
119.269
4.0001
2
870
10
45
70
120
235
351
535
630
Season
Winter
584
116.783
135.982
5.627
3
875
15
40
68.5
120
265
440
595
735
Season
Spring
615
108.416
124.727
5.0295
2
925
15
41
65
120
240
395
542
585
Season
Summer
622
110.543
132.965
5.3314
1
910
10
35
60
120
260
390
605
660
Season
Fall
475
111.385
132.104
6.0614
1
900
10
35
60
125
265
355
550
770
Asthma
No
2124
111.768
129.918
2.819
1
910
10
40
60
120
255
390
568
660
Asthma
Yes
163
107.301
145.813
11.4209
4
925
10
30
57
118
265
485
560
670
Asthma
DK
9
184.222
186.348
62.1159
30
480
30
60
88
300
480
480
480
480
Angina
No
2229
112.481
132.361
2.8035
1
925
10
40
60
120
260
410
570
660
Angina
Yes
54
71.463
52.513
7.1461
3
340
15
45
60
90
120
120
232
340
Angina
DK
13
151
162.726
45.132
30
480
30
35
88
120
480
480
480
480
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
2171
111.178
129.886
2.7876
1
910
10
40
60
120
255
400
560
660
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
114
109.807
134.998
12.6437
5
925
15
43
65
120
235
375
530
620
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
11
241.636
274.085
82.6397
10
875
10
30
88
480
480
875
875
875
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
156
August
1997
Table
15­
140.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
in
Other
Outdoors
Such
as
Auto
Repair
Shops,
Laundromats,
Gyms,
and
at
Work
(
non­
specific)

Percentiles
Group
Name
Group
Code
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
1214
225.747
231.111
6.633
1
1440
10
56
120
370
568
670
800
910
Gender
Male
612
260.322
239.586
9.685
1
1040
10
60
160
460
605
695
815
930
Gender
Female
602
190.598
216.774
8.835
1
1440
10
45
105
260
535
600
720
855
Age
(
years)
*
21
264.524
273.733
59.733
15
940
30
75
100
420
560
840
940
940
Age
(
years)
1­
4
27
92.296
74.852
14.405
10
270
15
25
65
160
180
250
270
270
Age
(
years)
5­
11
59
134.678
186.691
24.305
5
910
5
30
80
145
325
720
855
910
Age
(
years)
12­
17
76
164.368
159.542
18.301
1
660
5
45
130
208
450
550
600
660
Age
(
years)
18­
64
903
250.29
243.45
8.101
1
1440
10
60
135
450
600
690
815
945
Age
(
years)
>
64
128
152.813
159.777
14.122
2
770
12
45
95
202.5
420
510
600
610
Race
White
996
226.348
228.881
7.252
1
1440
10
58.5
120
370
580
665
780
910
Race
Black
118
228.102
256.391
23.603
2
1430
5
45
120
358
525
720
990
1150
Race
Asian
25
194.68
196.484
39.297
5
600
25
58
90
300
525
530
600
600
Race
Some
Others
23
211.217
236.332
49.279
5
800
10
25
115
405
515
680
800
800
Race
Hispanic
42
250.19
229.16
35.36
5
793
15
60
165
420
600
675
793
793
Race
Refused
10
146.5
246.555
77.967
15
840
15
55
67.5
105
495
840
840
840
Hispanic
No
1133
224.325
231.063
6.865
1
1440
10
55
120
360
565
670
810
930
Hispanic
Yes
68
230.088
215.421
26.124
5
793
15
61.5
127.5
398
545
660
790
793
Hispanic
DK
5
483.2
240.867
107.719
55
623
55
560
568
610
623
623
623
623
Hispanic
Refused
8
229.375
310.592
109.811
30
840
30
42.5
67.5
372.5
840
840
840
840
Employment
*
162
140.031
158.915
12.486
1
910
10
30
103.5
170
325
505
660
855
Employment
Full
Time
652
276.345
250.945
9.828
2
1430
10
60
162.5
508
619
700
815
945
Employment
Part
Time
132
240.909
227.902
19.836
5
1440
15
67.5
170
360
510
620
815
1005
Employment
Not
Employed
259
145.347
173.086
10.755
1
1150
5
40
90
160
432
540
704
770
Employment
Refused
9
194.444
278.752
92.917
15
840
15
40
75
150
840
840
840
840
Education
*
186
148.097
168.067
12.323
1
910
5
30
109.5
177
330
520
720
855
Education
<
High
School
88
301.966
251.244
26.783
5
930
15
60
265
487.5
670
780
815
930
Education
High
School
Graduate
324
249.086
243.136
13.508
2
1150
10
53.5
126
435
595
690
815
979
Education
<
College
251
266.996
256.435
16.186
2
1440
10
60
155
480
600
710
800
990
Education
College
Graduate
217
202.014
217.284
14.75
1
1005
5
55
110
295
570
645
760
855
Education
Post
Graduate
148
191.764
198.819
16.343
2
870
10
60
105
262.5
535
590
700
793
Census
Region
Northeast
275
218.171
216.166
13.035
2
990
10
60
120
360
544
660
765
855
Census
Region
Midwest
254
250.689
241.492
15.153
1
1005
10
55
150
460
600
695
815
940
Census
Region
South
401
223.691
239.929
11.981
1
1440
10
47
120
360
560
635
815
979
Census
Region
West
284
213.68
222.324
13.193
2
960
10
60
120
305
585
675
793
850
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
900
224.954
232.145
7.738
1
1430
10
58.5
120
367.5
565
672.5
815
942.5
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
314
228.019
228.476
12.894
2
1440
8
52
120
376
580
665
720
815
Season
Winter
347
241.715
239.749
12.87
2
1440
10
60
155
390
585
660
897
960
Season
Spring
321
220.343
220.658
12.316
1
1005
10
54
115
390
550
630
730
815
Season
Summer
294
224.418
244.957
14.286
1
1040
5
45
115
360
595
760
855
979
Season
Fall
252
212.194
214.928
13.539
1
990
15
55.5
120
327.5
540
660
710
793
Asthma
No
1123
225.742
229.228
6.84
1
1440
10
55
125
370
565
660
780
897
Asthma
Yes
84
228.5
259.329
28.295
1
979
10
59.5
100
351
660
793
910
979
Asthma
DK
7
193.571
201.406
76.124
15
510
15
60
80
450
510
510
510
510
Angina
No
1178
225.259
231.28
6.739
1
1440
10
55
120
360
570
670
810
930
Angina
Yes
28
227.75
218.573
41.306
5
770
12
62.5
135
425
560
600
770
770
Angina
DK
8
290.625
269.171
95.166
15
780
15
67.5
217.5
480
780
780
780
780
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
1166
226.724
232.003
6.794
1
1440
10
58
120
370
570
670
810
930
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
41
198.829
213.198
33.296
5
780
10
45
95
330
550
565
780
780
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
7
220.714
197.261
74.558
15
510
15
60
155
450
510
510
510
510
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
157
Table
15­
141.
Statistics
for
24­
Hour
Cumulative
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
with
Smokers
Present
Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
Mean
Stdev
Stderr
Min
Max
5
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
All
4005
381.494
300.479
4.748
1
1440
30
120
319
595
815
925
1060
1170
Gender
Male
1967
411.359
313
7.057
1
1440
30
135
355
638
855
965
1105
1217
Gender
Female
2035
352.771
285.139
6.321
1
1440
29
105
285
545
780
870
995
1110
Gender
Refused
3
283.333
188.171
108.641
105
480
105
105
265
480
480
480
480
480
Age
(
years)
*
54
386.259
305.371
41.556
5
1440
25
105
370
555
780
995
995
1440
Age
(
years)
1­
4
155
366.561
324.464
26.062
5
1440
30
90
273
570
825
1010
1140
1305
Age
(
years)
5­
11
224
318.071
314.016
20.981
1
1440
25
105
190
475
775
1050
1210
1250
Age
(
years)
12­
17
256
245.77
243.61
15.226
1
1260
10
60
165
360
595
774
864
1020
Age
(
years)
18­
64
2976
403.067
299.434
5.489
2
1440
30
134.5
355
625
830
930
1047
1150
Age
(
years)
>
64
340
342.694
292.209
15.847
5
1440
30
100
240
540
797.5
880
1015
1205
Race
White
3279
389.219
303.032
5.292
1
1440
30
120
330
610
825
930
1060
1190
Race
Black
395
359.977
287.96
14.489
2
1440
22
118
300
538
775
905
1080
1160
Race
Asian
48
262.063
209.928
30.3
5
800
10
64
212.5
412.5
560
630
800
800
Race
Some
Others
79
420.671
339.247
38.168
10
1328
30
135
310
655
885
1140
1305
1328
Race
Hispanic
165
292.624
250.208
19.479
5
1095
15
75
220
475
660
800
845
945
Race
Refused
39
393.538
325.254
52.082
25
1110
30
115
290
655
865
1040
1110
1110
Hispanic
No
3666
384.913
301.22
4.975
1
1440
30
120
324
600
822
930
1060
1170
Hispanic
Yes
288
336.191
280.874
16.551
1
1440
20
115
252
512
760
850
1010
1260
Hispanic
DK
18
369.833
371.484
87.56
15
1440
15
90
220
600
760
1440
1440
1440
Hispanic
Refused
33
403.364
322.819
56.195
25
1110
30
120
325
655
840
1040
1110
1110
Employment
*
624
301.723
295.529
11.831
1
1440
15
75
190
450
735
900
1140
1230
Employment
Full
Time
2042
405.894
296.349
6.558
2
1440
30
135
364.5
625
835
925
1005
1110
Employment
Part
Time
381
378.013
291.098
14.913
5
1440
30
135
325
585
805
915
1080
1245
Employment
Not
Employed
935
383.833
308.691
10.095
3
1440
30
120
310
600
825
930
1110
1290
Employment
Refused
23
341.957
254.245
53.014
25
925
30
120
325
450
715
885
925
925
Education
*
704
308.635
292.801
11.035
1
1440
15
87.5
205
465
741
900
1095
1217
Education
<
High
School
377
497.719
317.756
16.365
2
1440
40
225
465
775
905
990
1120
1369
Education
High
School
Graduate
1315
425.682
301.711
8.32
3
1440
30
155
390
650
840
928
1060
1202
Education
<
College
829
388.807
295.753
10.272
5
1435
30
135
330
600
810
930
1050
1155
Education
College
Graduate
473
325.871
272.694
12.538
2
1140
30
90
240
499
735
860
990
1035
Education
Post
Graduate
307
282.518
257.117
14.674
3
1205
20
60
200
430
665
810
900
983
Census
Region
Northeast
932
369.46
287.677
9.423
2
1440
30
120
314
565
800
892
990
1095
Census
Region
Midwest
938
384.067
304.829
9.953
2
1440
29
120
319.5
600
825
930
1080
1140
Census
Region
South
1409
404.028
308.501
8.219
1
1440
30
130
345
630
840
943
1090
1205
Census
Region
West
726
349.883
291.992
10.837
1
1440
30
110
274
541
800
900
1045
1180
Day
Of
Week
Weekday
2661
374.746
296.185
5.742
1
1440
30
120
315
578
810
915
1045
1150
Day
Of
Week
Weekend
1344
394.854
308.482
8.415
1
1440
30
120
321.5
625
833
940
1110
1260
Season
Winter
1046
374.159
304.183
9.405
1
1440
25
115
295
590
815
925
1080
1170
Season
Spring
1034
384.762
301.561
9.378
2
1440
30
120
320
610
810
900
1105
1215
Season
Summer
1059
385.134
300.394
9.231
2
1440
30
120
330
591
840
940
1040
1130
Season
Fall
866
381.999
295.104
10.028
2
1440
30
120
324
590
810
915
1030
1150
Asthma
No
3687
378.806
298.378
4.914
1
1440
30
120
315
591
810
915
1050
1170
Asthma
Yes
298
416.862
323.967
18.767
5
1440
20
135
342.5
652
870
1015
1202
1335
Asthma
DK
20
350
304.324
68.049
25
995
27.5
60
290
540
795
902.5
995
995
Angina
No
3892
380.923
299.475
4.8
1
1440
30
120
320
595
815
920
1060
1170
Angina
Yes
87
404.31
345.105
36.999
2
1380
30
120
270
703
910
1015
1320
1380
Angina
DK
26
390.577
300.394
58.912
25
995
30
115
342.5
670
780
790
995
995
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
No
3749
378.662
298.576
4.876
1
1440
30
120
315
590
810
915
1060
1170
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
Yes
236
431.157
326.848
21.276
5
1380
30
150
362.5
680
892
980
1205
1260
Bronchitis/
Emphysema
DK
20
326.25
291.068
65.085
10
995
17.5
85
222.5
540
755
887.5
995
995
Note:
A
"*"
Signifies
missing
data.
"
DK"
=
The
respondent
replied
"
don't
know".
Refused
=
Refused
data.
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Mean
=
Mean
24­
hour
cumulative
number
of
minutes
for
doers.
Stdev
=
standard
deviation.
Stderr
=
standard
error.
Min
=
minimum
number
of
minutes.
Max
=
maximum
number
of
minutes.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
158
August
1997
Table
15­
142
Range
of
Time
(
minutes)
Spent
Smoking
Based
on
the
Number
of
Respondents
Total
N
Number
of
Minutes
*­*
0­
60
60­
120­
180­
240­
300­
360­
420­
480­
540­
600­
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600
660
Overall
9386
5381
628
444
338
285
258
242
236
192
228
186
185
Gender
Male
4294
2327
280
184
167
141
119
114
128
92
101
92
89
Female
5088
3053
348
259
171
144
138
128
108
99
127
94
96
Refused
4
1
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
*

Age
(
years)
*
187
133
10
6
2
3
2
4
3
6
4
3
3
1­
4
499
344
29
23
14
8
10
7
8
7
8
7
5
5­
11
703
479
40
38
32
23
10
9
6
12
6
11
6
12­
17
589
333
75
31
30
20
22
15
13
7
13
5
3
18­
64
6059
3083
412
305
225
196
195
187
192
143
184
148
154
>
64
1349
1009
62
41
35
35
19
20
14
17
13
12
14
Race
White
7591
4312
496
368
261
233
208
208
186
154
173
160
149
Black
945
550
66
41
37
26
29
18
31
23
33
15
22
Asian
157
109
12
3
7
5
3
2
5
3
3
2
1
Some
Others
182
103
10
8
9
5
7
3
2
3
5
4
4
Hispanic
385
220
39
17
21
13
9
9
10
8
12
5
6
Refused
126
87
5
7
3
3
2
2
2
1
2
*
3
Hispanic
No
8534
4868
573
396
295
267
238
226
213
181
202
173
168
Yes
702
414
48
38
38
16
18
14
21
10
23
11
13
DK
47
29
3
4
2
*
1
*
1
*
1
2
1
Refused
103
70
4
6
3
2
1
2
1
1
2
*
3
Employment
*
1773
1149
143
91
74
50
39
29
26
28
27
22
14
Full
Time
4096
2054
286
203
140
141
124
126
134
96
134
109
110
Part
Time
802
421
51
42
36
25
32
27
17
23
28
12
16
Not
Employed
2644
1709
145
105
87
67
61
56
58
43
38
43
44
Refused
71
48
3
3
1
2
2
4
1
2
1
*
1
Education
*
1968
1264
153
98
81
56
49
38
30
31
30
27
18
<
High
School
834
457
34
28
23
16
15
23
38
15
20
26
12
High
School
Graduate
2612
1297
160
115
94
86
92
84
69
71
93
64
76
<
College
1801
972
114
87
76
62
50
56
49
44
52
35
44
College
Graduate
1247
774
88
70
42
38
32
24
32
23
20
22
21
Post
Graduate
924
617
79
46
22
27
20
17
18
8
13
12
14
Census
Region
Northeast
2075
1143
150
108
66
73
61
63
54
52
56
40
38
Midwest
2102
1164
145
110
75
65
69
37
63
42
55
51
41
South
3243
1834
206
137
116
106
76
92
85
58
87
60
76
West
1966
1240
127
89
81
41
52
50
34
40
30
35
30
Day
of
Week
Weekday
6316
3655
430
301
227
188
164
146
171
127
169
128
116
Weekend
3070
1726
198
143
111
97
94
96
65
65
59
58
69
Season
Winter
2524
1478
180
113
91
81
65
68
53
39
60
48
41
Spring
2438
1404
154
120
82
73
73
61
61
50
58
40
61
Summer
2536
1477
165
116
88
71
64
64
68
61
52
57
45
Fall
1888
1022
129
95
77
60
56
49
54
42
58
41
38
Asthma
No
8629
4942
580
419
308
264
237
223
216
175
213
172
173
Yes
694
396
42
24
29
20
20
17
20
16
13
13
12
DK
63
43
6
1
1
1
1
2
*
1
2
1
*

Angina
No
9061
5169
610
430
331
273
252
235
233
187
223
184
181
Yes
250
63
13
11
5
11
5
5
2
5
4
*
4
DK
75
49
5
3
2
1
1
2
1
*
1
2
*

Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
8882
5133
593
423
311
267
246
224
219
182
215
177
174
Yes
433
197
30
20
24
17
11
16
17
10
11
7
11
DK
71
51
5
1
3
1
1
2
*
*
2
2
*
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
159
Table
15­
142
Range
of
Time
(
minutes)
Spent
Smoking
Based
on
the
Number
of
Respondents
(
continued)

Number
of
Minutes
660­
720­
780­
840­
900­
960­
1020­
1080­
1140­
1200­
1260­
1320­
1380­
720
780
840
900
960
1020
1080
1140
1200
1260
1320
1380
1440
Overall
149
135
162
105
83
53
27
21
12
12
3
6
15
Gender
Male
84
76
87
66
48
37
18
14
9
6
3
3
10
Female
65
59
75
39
35
17
9
7
3
6
*
3
5
Refused
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Age
(
years)
*
2
1
1
1
*
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
1­
4
3
5
6
3
2
3
2
2
1
*
1
*
1
5­
11
7
2
5
2
*
1
5
2
2
3
*
*
2
12­
17
7
3
5
3
1
1
*
*
*
2
*
*
*
18­
64
119
114
129
91
72
44
18
17
9
5
2
5
10
>
64
11
10
16
5
8
2
2
*
*
2
*
1
1
Race
White
135
118
139
90
74
49
21
16
11
11
2
3
14
Black
7
10
8
9
6
3
5
2
1
*
*
2
1
Asian
*
*
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Some
Others
3
2
6
2
2
*
*
1
*
1
1
1
*
Hispanic
3
3
6
2
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
Refused
1
2
1
2
*
1
1
1
*
*
*
*
*

Hispanic
No
141
127
149
96
81
52
25
19
12
11
2
6
13
Yes
5
6
11
8
2
1
1
1
*
1
1
*
1
DK
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
Refused
2
1
2
1
*
*
1
1
*
*
*
*
*

Employment
*
16
10
16
8
3
5
7
4
3
5
1
*
3
Full
Time
83
82
82
72
50
34
10
11
5
2
*
2
6
Part
Time
18
11
16
6
10
2
2
3
*
2
*
1
1
Not
Employed
31
32
48
18
19
12
8
3
4
3
2
3
5
Refused
1
*
*
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Education
*
19
12
18
10
3
7
8
4
3
5
1
*
3
<
High
School
15
24
34
16
16
7
6
2
1
1
*
2
3
High
School
Graduate
60
64
62
45
33
17
6
5
5
3
1
2
8
<
College
36
22
29
18
23
12
5
6
3
2
1
2
1
College
Graduate
11
9
12
10
6
8
1
4
*
*
*
*
*
Post
Graduate
8
4
7
6
2
2
1
*
*
1
*
*
*

Census
Region
Northeast
37
34
34
23
20
10
2
4
2
2
*
1
2
Midwest
36
28
36
29
15
13
11
8
1
2
1
1
4
South
52
63
60
37
37
21
11
6
7
5
*
4
7
West
24
10
32
16
11
9
3
3
2
3
2
*
2
Day
of
Week
Weekday
95
84
103
63
55
38
17
12
8
8
2
1
8
Weekend
54
51
59
42
28
15
10
9
4
4
1
5
7
Season
Winter
30
47
46
26
21
11
7
6
4
1
2
1
5
Spring
41
36
44
29
10
14
5
5
4
5
1
2
5
Summer
38
23
45
31
33
13
11
5
2
3
*
2
2
Fall
40
29
27
19
19
15
4
5
2
3
*
1
3
Asthma
No
134
124
150
92
77
47
24
20
9
9
3
5
13
Yes
15
9
11
13
6
5
3
1
3
3
*
1
2
DK
*
2
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Angina
No
141
130
157
103
82
48
26
20
12
12
2
5
15
Yes
4
3
4
2
1
4
1
1
*
*
1
1
*
DK
4
2
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
139
128
150
91
75
48
25
20
11
9
3
4
15
Yes
10
5
12
14
8
4
2
1
1
3
*
2
*
DK
*
2
*
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Note:
*
=
Missing
Data;
DK
=
Don't
know;
N
=
Number
of
Respondents;
Refused
=
Respondent
Refused
to
Answer.
Source:
Tsang
And
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
160
August
1997
Table
15­
143
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Smoking
(
minutes/
day)

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
1
2
5
10
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
100
Overall
9386
0
0
0
0
0
0
240
615
795
930
1035
1440
Gender
Male
4294
0
0
0
0
0
0
310
685
840
983
1095
1440
Gender
Female
5088
0
0
0
0
0
0
180
545
725
870
960
1440
Age
(
years)
1­
4
499
0
0
0
0
0
0
75
455
735
975
1095
1440
Age
(
years)
5­
11
703
0
0
0
0
0
0
82
370
625
975
1140
1440
Age
(
years)
12­
17
589
0
0
0
0
0
0
130
377
542
810
864
1260
Age
(
years)
18­
64
6059
0
0
0
0
0
0
345
675
830
950
1045
1440
Age
(
years)
>
64
1349
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
340
622
825
910
1440
Race
White
7591
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
630
805
940
1035
1440
Race
Black
945
0
0
0
0
0
0
225
540
715
910
1071
1440
Race
Asian
157
0
0
0
0
0
0
60
375
494
565
790
800
Race
Some
Others
182
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
680
815
1140
1305
1328
Race
Hispanic
385
0
0
0
0
0
0
175
481
652
813
845
1095
Hispanic
No
8534
0
0
0
0
0
0
243
625
800
940
1035
1440
Hispanic
Yes
702
0
0
0
0
0
0
175
518
680
850
920
1440
Employment
Full
Time
4096
0
0
0
0
0
0
360
687
835
945
1005
1440
Employment
Part
Time
802
0
0
0
0
0
0
295
630
793
930
1054
1440
Employment
Not
Employed
2644
0
0
0
0
0
0
144.5
555
768
915
1045
1440
Education
<
High
School
834
0
0
0
0
0
0
420
790
880
1004
1105
1440
Education
High
School
Graduate
2612
0
0
0
0
0
5
390
710
840
956
1060
1440
Education
<
College
1801
0
0
0
0
0
0
288
630
805
945
1045
1435
Education
College
Graduate
1247
0
0
0
0
0
0
135
480
660
860
970
1140
Education
Post
Graduate
924
0
0
0
0
0
0
60
380
595
795
860
1205
Census
Region
Northeast
2075
0
0
0
0
0
0
259
610
775
915
990
1440
Census
Region
Midwest
2102
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
630
810
945
1054
1440
Census
Region
South
3243
0
0
0
0
0
0
275
655
810
950
1060
1440
Census
Region
West
1966
0
0
0
0
0
0
140
510
710
885
990
1440
Day
of
Week
Weekday
6316
0
0
0
0
0
0
225
595
780
925
1015
1440
Day
of
Week
Weekend
3070
0
0
0
0
0
0
260
651
810
950
1080
1440
Season
Winter
2524
0
0
0
0
0
0
210
600
790
930
1034
1440
Season
Spring
2438
0
0
0
0
0
0
240
626
785
920
1060
1440
Season
Summer
2536
0
0
0
0
0
0
235
600
810
940
1020
1440
Season
Fall
1888
0
0
0
0
0
0
285
630
791
945
1020
1440
Asthma
No
8629
0
0
0
0
0
0
240
610
790
928
1020
1440
Asthma
Yes
694
0
0
0
0
0
0
270
668
855
1020
1170
1440
Angina
No
9061
0
0
0
0
0
0
240
615
795
930
1034
1440
Angina
Yes
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
125
615
835
1007.5
1125
1380
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
8882
0
0
0
0
0
0
235
605
785
928
1020
1440
Bronchitis/
emphysema
Yes
433
0
0
0
0
0
50
405
810
900
1040
1205
1380
Note:
N
=
Doer
Sample
Size;
Percentiles
are
the
Percentage
of
Doers
below
or
Equal
to
a
Given
Number
of
Minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
161
Table
15­
144
Range
of
Time
Spent
Smoking
Cigars
or
Pipe
Tobacco
by
the
Number
of
Respondents
Total
N
Number
of
Minutes
per
Day
*­*
0­
3
3­
6
6­
9
9­
12
12­
15
15­
18
18­
61
Overall
62
5
10
8
6
1
2
9
21
Gender
Male
58
5
8
7
6
1
2
9
20
Female
4
*
2
1
*
*
*
*
1
Age
(
years)
5­
11
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
12­
17
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
18­
64
46
3
10
4
6
1
1
5
16
>
64
14
1
*
3
*
*
1
4
5
Race
White
53
3
8
7
4
1
1
9
20
Black
5
1
2
1
1
*
*
*
*
Some
Others
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Hispanic
3
*
*
*
1
*
1
*
1
Hispanic
No
57
5
9
8
5
*
1
9
20
Yes
5
*
1
*
1
1
1
*
1
Employment
*
2
1
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
Full
Time
39
2
7
4
5
1
1
4
15
Part
Time
3
*
3
*
*
*
*
*
*
Not
Employed
17
1
*
3
1
*
1
5
6
Refused
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Education
*
2
1
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
<
High
School
2
*
*
*
*
*
1
*
1
High
School
Graduate
24
2
4
4
3
*
*
3
8
<
College
18
2
4
*
*
1
*
4
7
College
Graduate
10
*
2
2
2
*
*
1
3
Post
Graduate
6
*
*
1
1
*
1
1
2
Census
Region
Northeast
20
3
1
4
*
1
*
1
10
Midwest
19
*
4
4
2
*
1
4
4
South
12
1
3
*
2
*
1
1
4
West
11
1
2
*
2
*
*
3
3
Day
of
Week
Weekday
40
3
7
5
2
1
*
7
15
Weekend
22
2
3
3
4
*
2
2
6
Season
Winter
16
*
3
5
1
*
1
3
3
Spring
19
3
4
1
1
*
*
2
8
Summer
19
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
8
Fall
8
1
2
1
*
*
*
2
2
Asthma
No
59
5
8
8
6
1
2
8
21
Yes
3
*
2
*
*
*
*
1
*

Angina
No
60
5
10
8
6
1
2
8
20
Yes
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
1
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
60
4
10
8
6
1
2
8
21
Yes
2
1
*
*
*
*
*
1
*

Note:
*
Signifies
missing
data;
Refused
=
respondents
refused
to
answer;
N
=
doer
sample
size
in
specified
range
of
number
of
minutes
spent.
A
value
of
"
61"
for
number
of
minutes
signifies
that
more
than
60
minutes
were
spent.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
162
August
1997
Table
15­
145
Number
of
Minutes
Spent
Smoking
Cigars
or
Pipe
Tobacco
(
minutes/
day)

Percentiles
Category
Population
Group
N
1
2
5
10
25
50
75
90
95
98
99
100
Overall
57
2
3
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Gender
Male
53
3
5
10
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Gender
Female
4
2
2
2
2
2.5
9
38
61
61
61
61
61
Age
(
years)
5­
11
1
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
Age
(
years)
12­
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Age
(
years)
18­
64
43
2
2
3
10
15
45
61
61
61
61
61
61
Age
(
years)
>
64
13
15
15
15
20
45
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Race
White
50
2
2.5
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Race
Black
4
10
10
10
10
10
15
25
30
30
30
30
30
Race
Some
Others
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Race
Hispanic
3
30
30
30
30
30
45
61
61
61
61
61
61
Hispanic
No
52
2
3
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Hispanic
Yes
5
10
10
10
10
30
40
45
61
61
61
61
61
Employment
Full
Time
37
2
2
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Employment
Part
Time
3
3
3
3
3
3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Employment
Not
Employed
16
15
15
15
20
37.5
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Education
<
High
School
2
45
45
45
45
45
53
61
61
61
61
61
61
Education
High
School
Graduate
22
2
2
10
10
15
45
61
61
61
61
61
61
Education
<
College
16
3
3
3
3
25
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Education
College
Graduate
10
5
5
5
7.5
20
30
61
61
61
61
61
61
Education
Post
Graduate
6
20
20
20
20
30
52.5
61
61
61
61
61
61
Census
Region
Northeast
17
10
10
10
20
20
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
Census
Region
Midwest
19
2
2
2
3
15
30
60
61
61
61
61
61
Census
Region
South
11
10
10
10
10
10
45
61
61
61
61
61
61
Census
Region
West
10
10
10
10
10
30
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Day
of
Week
Weekday
37
2
2
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Day
of
Week
Weekend
20
3
3
6.5
10
20
37.5
61
61
61
61
61
61
Season
Winter
16
3
3
3
10
15
25
60
61
61
61
61
61
Season
Spring
16
2
2
2
5
15
60.5
61
61
61
61
61
61
Season
Summer
18
10
10
10
20
30
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Season
Fall
7
3
3
3
3
10
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Asthma
No
54
2
3
10
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Asthma
Yes
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
60
60
60
60
60
60
Angina
No
55
2
3
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Angina
Yes
2
60
60
60
60
60
60.5
61
61
61
61
61
61
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
56
2
3
3
10
20
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
Bronchitis/
emphysema
Yes
1
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Note:
A
value
of
"
61"
for
number
of
minutes
signifies
that
more
than
60
minutes
were
spent;
N
=
doer
sample
size.
Percentiles
are
the
percentage
of
doers
below
or
equal
to
a
given
number
of
minutes.
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
163
Table
15­
146
Range
of
Numbers
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
Based
on
the
Number
of
Respondents
Total
N
Number
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
by
Respondent
on
the
Day
Before
the
Survey
*
None
1­
2
3­
5
6­
9
10­
14
15­
24
25­
35
36+
DK
Overall
4663
530
3288
45
92
88
182
315
56
57
10
Gender
Male
2163
278
1467
24
38
32
81
167
30
43
3
Female
2498
251
1820
21
54
56
101
148
26
14
7
Refused
2
1
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Age
(
years)
*
84
2
72
1
1
*
2
3
1
1
1
1­
4
263
263
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
5­
11
348
258
88
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
12­
17
326
1
315
*
1
3
2
3
*
*
1
18­
64
2972
5
2232
42
76
75
156
276
54
51
5
>
64
670
1
581
2
13
10
22
32
1
5
3
Race
White
3774
413
2664
30
63
63
156
272
54
52
7
Black
463
53
319
7
18
22
17
22
1
1
3
Aian
77
5
71
*
*
*
*
1
*
*
*
Some
Others
96
22
55
1
4
1
5
6
1
1
*
Hispanic
193
37
133
7
5
2
2
7
*
*
*
Refused
60
*
46
*
2
*
2
7
*
3
*
Hispanic
No
4244
452
3010
33
79
79
173
297
56
55
10
Yes
347
75
225
11
10
7
7
12
*
*
*
DK
26
2
18
*
2
2
1
1
*
*
*
Refused
46
1
35
1
1
*
1
5
*
2
*
Employment
*
926
526
388
*
2
3
2
3
*
*
2
Full
Time
2017
1
1510
34
55
51
100
193
37
34
2
Part
Time
379
*
307
5
7
6
23
22
4
3
2
Not
Employed
1309
3
1058
6
28
28
57
92
14
20
3
Refused
32
*
25
*
*
*
*
5
1
*
1
Education
*
1021
526
473
*
4
3
4
8
*
1
2
<
High
School
399
3
279
1
9
12
27
42
8
16
2
High
School
Graduate
1253
1
899
16
44
35
73
138
23
23
1
<
College
895
*
696
11
19
20
44
75
18
9
3
College
Graduate
650
*
547
11
10
13
26
32
5
5
1
Post
Graduate
445
*
394
6
6
5
8
20
2
3
1
Census
Region
Northeast
1048
112
747
4
12
19
49
78
10
16
1
Midwest
1036
110
746
11
25
19
29
73
13
8
2
South
1601
193
1079
17
37
34
76
108
29
24
4
West
978
115
716
13
18
16
28
56
4
9
3
Day
of
Week
Weekday
3156
341
2239
28
66
61
116
217
38
43
7
Weekend
1507
189
1049
17
26
27
66
98
18
14
3
Season
Winter
1264
163
883
16
23
21
50
71
18
14
5
Spring
1181
148
819
13
22
14
45
94
14
10
2
Summer
1275
142
906
7
20
32
47
89
12
17
3
Fall
943
77
680
9
27
21
40
61
12
16
*
Asthma
No
4287
480
3023
40
85
80
171
292
51
56
9
Yes
341
48
239
5
6
8
10
18
5
1
1
DK
35
2
26
*
1
*
1
5
*
*
*
Angina
No
4500
526
3161
45
88
85
175
304
52
54
10
Yes
125
2
99
*
3
3
5
8
3
2
*
DK
38
2
28
*
1
*
2
3
1
1
*
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
4424
519
3138
43
80
81
170
284
48
52
9
Yes
203
11
120
2
11
6
11
28
8
5
1
DK
36
*
30
*
1
1
1
3
*
*
*
Note:
*
=
Missing
Data;
DK
=
Don't
Know;
N=
Number
of
Respndents;
Refused
=
Respondent
Refused
to
Answer
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
164
August
1997
Table
15­
147
Range
of
Number
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
by
Other
People
Based
on
Number
of
Respondents
Total
N
Number
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
By
Others
*
None
1­
2
3­
5
6­
9
10­
14
15­
24
25­
35
36+
DK
Overall
4723
898
3209
55
108
78
122
121
19
28
85
Gender
Male
2131
468
1403
21
35
39
61
46
11
12
35
Female
2590
428
1806
34
73
39
61
75
8
16
50
Refused
2
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Age
(
years)
*
103
11
82
*
2
*
*
3
*
1
4
1­
4
236
236
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
5­
11
355
355
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
12­
17
263
263
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
18­
64
3087
32
2506
46
97
74
116
109
16
24
67
>
64
679
1
621
9
9
4
6
9
3
3
14
Race
White
3817
675
2616
42
89
70
106
107
18
24
70
Black
482
119
309
7
8
6
9
9
1
2
12
Asian
80
21
57
1
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
Some
Others
86
29
51
*
*
1
3
1
*
1
*
Hispanic
192
50
120
5
9
1
3
1
*
1
2
Refused
66
4
56
*
2
*
*
3
*
*
1
Hispanic
No
4290
796
2928
49
91
73
114
118
19
25
77
Yes
355
95
223
5
15
3
7
1
*
1
5
DK
21
4
11
1
*
1
1
*
*
2
1
Refused
57
3
47
*
2
1
*
2
*
*
2
Employment
*
847
845
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Full
Time
2079
*
1740
28
64
50
73
59
9
10
46
Part
Time
423
21
336
6
15
4
14
11
1
3
12
Not
Employed
1335
30
1098
21
28
24
35
48
9
15
27
Refused
39
2
33
*
1
*
*
3
*
*
*

Education
*
947
897
44
*
1
*
*
4
*
*
1
<
High
School
435
*
336
6
18
9
17
16
4
10
19
High
School
Graduate
1359
*
1097
25
38
40
47
62
9
9
32
<
College
906
1
748
10
29
22
36
22
5
9
24
College
Graduate
597
*
536
9
15
5
17
11
*
*
4
Post
Graduate
479
*
448
5
7
2
5
6
1
*
5
Census
Region
Northeast
1027
201
690
14
29
18
14
32
3
4
22
Midwest
1066
196
726
15
28
13
27
25
4
7
25
South
1642
320
1090
17
36
33
58
44
7
15
22
West
988
181
703
9
15
14
23
20
5
2
16
Day
of
Week
Weekday
3160
596
2178
33
76
54
77
69
12
14
51
Weekend
1563
302
1031
22
32
24
45
52
7
14
34
Season
Winter
1260
266
841
17
23
19
29
34
7
6
18
Spring
1257
270
821
14
35
22
27
32
4
10
22
Summer
1261
240
863
13
25
18
35
30
3
6
28
Fall
945
122
684
11
25
19
31
25
5
6
17
Asthma
No
4342
802
2989
52
97
69
117
104
15
22
75
Yes
353
95
196
3
10
9
5
16
4
6
9
DK
28
1
24
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
1
Angina
No
4561
894
3068
53
104
78
121
116
19
26
82
Yes
125
1
110
2
3
*
1
4
*
2
2
DK
37
3
31
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
1
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
4458
875
3016
53
99
75
115
108
17
23
77
Yes
230
21
163
2
8
3
7
12
2
5
7
DK
35
2
30
*
1
*
*
1
*
*
1
Note:
*
=
Missing
Data;
DK
=
Don't
know;
N
=
Number
of
Respondents;
Refused
=
Respondent
Refused
to
Answer.
Source:
Tsang
And
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
165
Table
15­
148
Range
of
the
Number
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
While
at
Home
Based
on
the
Number
of
Respondents
Total
N
Number
of
Cigarettes
Smoked
by
Respondent
at
Home
*
None
1­
2
3­
5
6­
9
10­
14
15­
24
25­
35
36+
DK
Overall
4723
516
3358
51
193
126
224
180
23
29
23
Gender
Male
2131
277
1463
24
86
53
91
98
11
17
11
Female
2590
237
1895
27
107
73
133
82
12
12
12
Refused
2
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Age
(
years)
*
103
8
83
*
2
4
1
2
1
*
2
1­
4
236
236
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
5­
11
355
268
86
*
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
12­
17
263
2
248
*
6
2
3
1
1
*
*
18­
64
3087
1
2352
47
170
110
193
150
21
26
17
>
64
679
1
589
4
15
10
26
27
0
3
4
Race
White
3817
391
2700
30
152
103
208
164
22
28
19
Black
482
61
345
10
27
20
9
6
1
*
3
Asian
80
13
65
*
2
*
*
*
*
*
*
Some
Others
86
17
58
1
3
1
2
3
*
1
*
Hispanic
192
32
140
8
3
2
3
4
*
*
*
Refused
66
2
50
2
6
*
2
3
*
*
1
Hispanic
No
4290
451
3045
41
182
121
210
167
23
29
21
Yes
355
64
252
8
4
5
10
11
*
*
1
DK
21
*
18
*
1
*
2
*
*
*
*
Refused
57
1
43
2
6
*
2
2
*
*
1
Employment
*
847
514
322
*
5
1
3
1
1
*
*
Full
Time
2079
1
1598
33
122
88
117
87
11
10
12
Part
Time
423
*
346
4
17
10
27
12
3
3
1
Not
Employed
1335
1
1060
14
47
27
76
78
7
16
9
Refused
39
*
32
*
2
*
1
2
1
*
1
Education
*
947
514
406
1
9
3
6
4
2
*
2
<
High
School
435
*
309
5
20
17
32
26
7
12
7
High
School
Graduate
1359
*
989
21
78
64
98
84
7
11
7
<
College
906
2
701
17
51
25
56
39
4
5
6
College
Graduate
597
*
524
6
20
11
19
13
2
1
1
Post
Graduate
479
*
429
1
15
6
13
14
1
*
*

Census
Region
Northeast
1027
121
721
11
39
22
50
46
8
5
4
Midwest
1066
102
764
12
52
32
53
33
5
7
6
South
1642
177
1159
16
62
51
81
63
8
14
11
West
988
116
714
12
40
21
40
38
2
3
2
Day
of
Week
Weekday
3160
336
2277
32
129
87
134
118
14
18
15
Weekend
1563
180
1081
19
64
39
90
62
9
11
8
Season
Winter
1260
153
873
18
53
39
59
42
10
6
7
Spring
1257
152
901
7
51
22
55
54
1
6
8
Summer
1261
139
896
10
44
33
64
53
7
10
5
Fall
945
72
688
16
45
32
46
31
5
7
3
Asthma
No
4342
470
3100
45
176
112
208
165
20
25
21
Yes
353
46
234
5
15
14
16
15
3
4
1
DK
28
*
24
1
2
*
*
*
*
*
1
Angina
No
4561
515
3225
49
188
123
217
173
23
26
22
Yes
125
*
104
1
2
3
5
7
*
3
*
DK
37
1
29
1
3
*
2
*
*
*
1
Bronchitis/
emphysema
No
4458
501
3179
46
179
121
210
159
21
20
22
Yes
230
15
149
4
12
5
14
20
2
9
*
DK
35
*
30
1
2
*
*
1
*
*
1
Note:
*
=
Missing
Data;
DK
=
Don't
Know;
N=
Number
of
Respondents;
Refused
=
Respondent
Refused
to
Answer
Source:
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
166
August
1997
Table
15­
149.
Differences
in
Time
Use
(
hours/
week)
Grouped
by
Sex,
Employment
Status,
and
Marital
Status
a
for
the
Surveys
Conducted
in
1965
and
1975
Employed
Men
Employed
Women
Housewives
Total
Urban
Data
Married
Single
Married
Single
Married
Single
1965
(
N=
448)
(
N=
73)
(
N=
190)
(
N=
152)
(
N=
341)
(
N=
14)
(
N=
1218)

Sleep
53.1
50.6
53.8
52.6
53.9
58.8
53.3
Work
for
Pay
51.3
51.4
38.4
39.8
0.5
1.6
33.0
Family
Care
9.0
7.7
28.8
20.6
50.0
45.7
25.4
Personal
Care
20.9
22.2
20.3
21.7
22.6
23.0
21.5
Free
Time
33.7
36.1
26.7
33.3
41.0
38.9
34.8
Organizations
2.6
3.6
1.4
3.7
3.4
3.4
2.8
Media
17.1
13.9
10.7
11.1
15.3
19.1
14.7
Social
Life
7.2
10.4
7.9
9.6
12.6
10.2
9.4
Recreation
1.4
1.3
0.6
0.5
0.6
1.1
0.9
Other
Leisure
5.4
6.9
6.1
8.4
9.1
5.1
7.0
Total
Time
(
Free)
168.0
(
33.7)
168.0
(
36.1)
168.0
(
26.7)
168.0
(
33.3)
168.0
(
41.0)
168.0
(
38.9)
168.0
(
34.8)

1975
(
N=
245)
(
N=
87)
(
N=
117)
(
N=
108)
(
N=
141)
(
N=
28)
(
N=
726)

Sleep
53.4
54.1
55.1
54.3
56.8
58.6
54.7
Work
for
Pay
47.4
40.0
30.1
38.8
1.1
0.0
32.5
Family
Care
9.7
9.0
24.9
16.6
44.3
42.8
20.5
Personal
Care
21.4
20.0
26.2
21.9
21.4
19.2
21.8
Free
Time
36.1
44.9
31.7
36.4
44.4
47.4
38.5
Organizations
3.7
4.8
1.1
4.4
4.8
3.0
3.8
Media
18.9
18.5
15.6
14.5
20.4
27.2
18.2
Social
Life
6.4
8.9
6.6
8.9
10.1
9.1
7.8
Recreation
1.3
4.1
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.4
1.3
Other
Leisure
5.8
8.6
6.5
8.1
8.4
7.7
7.4
Total
Time
(
Free)
168.0
(
36.1)
168.0
(
44.9)
168.0
(
31.7)
168.0
(
36.4)
168.0
(
44.4)
168.0
(
47.4)
168.0
(
38.5)

Data
weighted
to
ensure
equal
days
of
the
week.

a
Source:
Robinson,
1977.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
167
Table
15­
150.
Time
Use
(
hours/
week)
Differences
by
Age
for
the
Surveys
Conducted
in
1965
and
1975
a
Mean
Duration
(
hrs/
wk)

Age
Group
(
years)

18­
25
25­
35
36­
45
46­
55
56­
65
1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
Activity
(
N=
200)
(
N=
149)
(
N=
321)
(
N=
234)
(
N=
306)
(
N=
150)
(
N=
252)
(
N=
141)
(
N=
156)
(
N=
111)

Sleep
54.2
55.4
52.5
53.9
53.1
54.7
53.9
55.4
53.6
56.0
Work
for
Pay
32.6
27.0
29.2
33.4
33.1
34.4
33.4
31.0
35.9
20.4
Family
Care
21.2
15.3
30.4
21.6
25.4
20.4
24.9
23.2
20.4
23.2
Personal
Care
20.9
20.3
20.3
20.8
22.5
21.1
22.4
23.1
20.9
26.6
Free
Time
39.1
50.0
35.6
38.4
33.8
37.3
33.4
35.2
37.1
41.8
Organizations
4.8
8.4
3.0
4.2
3.0
3.3
2.0
3.1
2.9
3.2
Media
13.8
18.5
14.6
17.2
14.5
18.3
15.3
18.8
17.4
22.6
Social
Life
11.3
10.7
10.3
8.7
8.4
7.8
8.6
5.4
8.1
6.2
Recreation
0.9
2.6
1.2
1.3
0.8
1.0
0.6
1.3
1.1
1.3
Other
Leisure
8.3
9.8
6.5
7.0
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.6
7.6
8.5
Total
Time
Free
Time
168.0
(
39.1)
168.0
(
50.0)
168.0
(
35.6)
168.0
(
38.4)
168.0
(
33.8)
168.0
(
37.3)
168.0
(
33.4)
168.0
(
35.2)
168.0
(
37.1)
168.0
(
41.8)

Data
weighted
to
ensure
equal
days
of
the
week.

a
Source:
Robinson,
1977.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
168
August
1997
Table
15­
151.
Time
Use
(
hours/
week)
Differences
by
Education
for
the
Surveys
Conducted
in
1965
and
1975
a
Activity
Mean
duration
(
hours/
week)

Age
Group
(
in
years)

0­
8
9­
11
12
13­
15
16+

1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
1965
1975
(
N=
171)
(
N=
75)
(
N=
220)
(
N=
114)
(
N=
452)
(
N=
319)
(
N=
195)
(
N=
137)
(
N=
191)
(
N=
144)

Sleep
54.9
57.0
52.3
53.7
53.0
55.5
53.6
53.6
53.6
54.8
Work
for
Pay
31.6
30.0
33.1
32.0
30.9
26.9
34.4
27.5
34.5
38.0
Family
Care
24.7
18.7
25.4
21.7
28.9
23.5
21.7
18.9
21.2
16.8
Personal
Care
20.8
22.9
20.9
22.0
21.1
22.1
21.7
10.5
22.7
22.3
Free
Time
35.9
39.4
36.1
38.6
34.1
40.0
36.5
47.5
35.9
36.1
Organizations
1.8
3.0
1.5
2.2
2.5
3.7
5.8
9.1
4.7
4.1
Media
19.3
18.0
16.5
20.7
14.2
19.0
13.3
19.7
12.5
16.2
Social
Life
7.7
8.4
9.8
7.9
9.5
8.5
9.0
7.7
10.2
8.1
Recreation
0.9
1.3
1.4
0.7
0.7
1.3
1.1
2.0
0.9
1.3
Other
Leisure
6.3
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.5
7.4
9.0
7.7
6.4
Total
Time
Free
Time
168.0
(
36.0)
168.0
(
39.4)
168.0
(
36.2)
168.0
(
38.6)
168.0
(
34.1)
168.0
(
40.0)
168.0
(
36.6)
168.0
(
47.5)
168.0
(
36.0)
168.0
(
36.1)

a
Data
weighted
to
ensure
equal
days
of
the
week.

Source:
Robinson,
1977.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
169
Table
15­
152.
Time
Use
(
hours/
week)
Differences
by
Race
for
the
Surveys
Conducted
in
1965
and
1975
a
Mean
duration
(
hours/
week)

White
Black
1965
1975
1965
1975
(
N
=
1030)
(
N
=
680)
(
N
=
103)
(
N
=
77)

Activity
Category
Sleep
53.4
54.5
50.9
54.8
Work
for
Pay
31.9
30.0
36.6
30.0
Family
Care
26.0
21.1
23.6
17.6
Personal
Care
21.8
22.1
20.0
21.0
Free
Time
34.9
40.3
36.9
44.6
Organizations
2.8
4.4
3.0
4.9
Media
14.8
18.7
15.7
19.6
Social
Life
9.3
8.2
9.1
9.8
Recreation
1.1
1.5
0.6
0.4
Other
Leisure
6.9
7.5
8.4
9.9
Total
Time
168.0
168.0
168.0
168.0
Free
Time
(
34.9)
(
40.3)
(
36.8)
(
44.6)

Data
weighted
to
ensure
equal
days
of
the
week.
a
Source:
Robinson,
1977.

Table
15­
153.
Mean
Time
Spent
(
hours/
week)
in
Ten
Major
Activity
Categories
Grouped
by
Regions
a
Totalb
N=
975
Activity
West
North
Central
Northeast
South
N=
200
N=
304
N=
185
N=
286
Mean
S.
D.
c
Activity
Actegtory
Market
Work
23.44
29.02
27.34
24.21
26.15
23.83
House/
yard
work
14.64
14.17
14.29
15.44
14.66
12.09
Child
care
2.50
2.82
2.32
2.66
2.62
5.14
Services/
shop
5.22
5.64
4.92
4.72
5.15
5.40
Personal
care
79.23
76.62
78.11
79.38
78.24
12.70
Education
2.94
1.43
0.95
1.45
1.65
6.34
Organizations
3.42
2.97
2.45
2.68
2.88
5.40
Social
entertainment
8.26
8.42
8.98
8.22
8.43
8.17
Active
leisure
5.94
5.28
4.77
5.86
5.49
7.81
Passive
leisure
22.47
21.71
23.94
23.47
22.80
13.35
Total
Time
168.00
168.00
168.00
168.00
168.00
0.09
Weighted
for
day
of
week,
panel
loss
(
not
defined
in
report),
and
correspondence
to
Census.
Data
may
not
add
to
totals
shown
due
to
a
rounding.
N
=
surveyed
population.
b
S.
D.
=
standard
deviation.
c
Source:
Hill,
1985.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
170
August
1997
Table
15­
154.
Total
Mean
Time
Spent
(
minutes/
day)
in
Ten
Major
Activity
Categories
Grouped
by
Type
of
Day
Time
Duration
(
mins/
day)

Weekday
Saturday
Sunday
[
N
=
831]
[
N
=
831]
[
N
=
831]
a
Activity
Category
Market
Work
288.0
(
257.7)
97.9
(
211.9)
58.0
(
164.8)
b
House/
Yardwork
126.3
(
119.3)
160.5
(
157.2)
124.5
(
133.3)

Child
Care
26.6
(
50.9)
19.4
(
51.5)
24.8
(
61.9)

Services/
Shopping
48.7
(
58.7)
64.4
(
92.5)
21.6
(
49.9)

Personal
Care
639.2
(
114.8)
706.8
(
169.8)
734.3
(
156.5)

Education
16.4
(
64.4)
5.4
(
38.1)
7.3
(
48.0)

Organizations
21.1
(
49.7)
18.4
(
75.2)
58.5
(
104.5)

Social
Entertainment
54.9
(
69.2)
1,114.1
(
156.0)
110.0
(
151.2)

Active
Leisure
37.9
(
71.11)
61.4
(
126.5)
64.5
(
120.6)

Passive
Leisure
181.1
(
121.9)
191.8
(
161.6)
236.5
(
167.1)

Total
Time
1,440
1,440
1,440
a
N
=
Number
of
respondents.
b
(
)
=
Numbers
in
parentheses
are
standard
deviations.
Source:
Hill,
1985.

Table
15­
155.
Mean
Time
Spent
(
minutes/
day)
in
Ten
Major
Activity
Categories
During
Four
Waves
of
Interviewsa
Fall
Spring
Summer
(
Nov.
1,
1975)
Winter
(
June
1,
1976)
(
Sept.
21,
1976)
Range
of
Standard
b
N=
861
(
Feb.
28,
1976)
N=
861
N=
861
Deviations
b
b
b
Activity
Category
Wave
1
Wave
2
Wave
3
Wave
4
Market
work
222.94
226.53
210.44
230.92
272­
287
House/
yard
work
133.16
135.58
143.10
119.95
129­
156
Child
care
25.50
22.44
25.51
21.07
49­
58
Services/
shop
48.98
44.09
44.61
47.75
76­
79
Personal
care
652.95
678.14
688.27
674.85
143­
181
Education
22.79
12.57
2.87
10.76
32­
93
Organizations
25.30
22.55
23.21
29.91
68­
87
Social
entertainment
63.87
67.11
83.90
72.24
102­
127
Active
leisure
42.71
47.46
46.19
42.30
96­
105
Passive
leisure
210.75
183.48
171.85
190.19
144­
162
Total
Time
1440.00
1440.00
1440.00
1440.00
­­

Weighted
for
day
of
week,
panel
loss
(
not
defined
in
report),
and
correspondence
to
Census.
a
Dates
by
which
50%
of
the
interviews
for
each
wave
were
taken.
b
Source:
Hill,
1985.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
171
Table
15­
156.
Mean
Time
Spent
(
hours/
week)
in
Ten
Major
Activity
Categories
Grouped
by
Gendera
Time
duration
(
hours/
week)

Men
Women
Men
and
Women
n
=
140
n
=
561
n
=
971
Activity
Category
Market
work
35.8
(
23.6)
17.9
(
20.7)
26.2
(
23.8)
House/
yard
8.5
(
9.0)
20.0
(
11.9)
14.7
(
12.1)
Child
care
1.2
(
2.5)
3.9
(
6.4)
2.6
(
5.2)
Services/
shop
3.9
(
4.5)
6.3
(
5.9)
5.2
(
5.4)
Personal
care
77.3
(
13.0)
79.0
(
12.4)
78.2
(
12.7)
Education
2.3
(
7.7)
1.1
(
4.8)
1.7
(
6.4)
Organizations
2.5
(
5.5)
3.2
(
5.3)
2.9
(
5.4)
Social
entertainment
7.9
(
8.3)
8.9
(
8.0)
8.4
(
8.2)
Active
leisure
5.9
(
8.2)
5.2
(
7.4)
5.5
(
7.8)
Passive
leisure
22.8
(
14.1)
22.7
(
12.7)
22.8
(
13.3)

Total
time
168.1
168.1
168.1
b
Detailed
components
of
activities
(
87)
are
presented
in
Table
1A­
4.
a
(
)
=
Numbers
in
parentheses
are
standard
deviations.
b
Source:
Hill,
1985.

Table
15­
157.
Percent
Responses
of
Children's
"
Play"
(
activities)
Locations
in
Maryvale,
Arizonaa
Location
Percent
Responses
Ranking
of
Children's
"
Play"
Locationsc
Preschool
Primary
Grades
(
K­
3)
Intermediate
Grades
(
4­
6)
n
=
211
n
=
45
n
=
66
Residential
Yards
143
124
132
Residential
(
Own
and
Others)
b
b
b
School
Playgrounds
0
53
52
Parks
and
Recreation
Areas
Parks
and
Recreation
Areas
42
53
33
Street/
Path/
Alley
Commercial
2
24
27
Natural/
Vacant
Areas
Industrial
0
0
2
School
Institutional
1
2
0
Institutional
Streets
3
24
41
Commercial
Alleys
1
2
9
Parking
Lots
Parking
Lots
0
9
9
Child
Built
Places
Vacant
Lots/
Canals/
Fields
1
7
8
Water
Industrial
Survey
was
conducted
in
Maryvale
(
West
Central
Phoenix),
Arizona.
a
Percentages
greater
than
100,
because
many
children
played
in
more
than
one
location.
b
Ranking
of
children's
activity
locations
were
obtained
from
other
literature
sources.
c
Source:
Sell,
1989.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
172
August
1997
Table
15­
158.
Occupational
Tenure
of
Employed
Individuals
by
Age
and
Sex
a
Median
Tenure
(
years)

Age
Group
(
years)
All
Workers
Men
Women
16­
24
1.9
2.0
1.9
25­
29
4.4
4.6
4.1
30­
34
6.9
7.6
6.0
35­
39
9.0
10.4
7.0
40­
44
10.7
13.8
8.0
45­
49
13.3
17.5
10.0
50­
54
15.2
20.0
10.8
55­
59
17.7
21.9
12.4
60­
64
19.4
23.9
14.5
65­
69
20.1
26.9
15.6
70
and
older
21.9
30.5
18.8
Total
6.6
7.9
5.4
a
Working
population
=
109.1
million
persons
Source:
Carey,
1988.

Table
15­
159.
Occupational
Tenure
for
Employed
Individuals
Grouped
by
Sex
and
Race
a
Median
Tenure
(
Years)

Race
All
Individuals
Men
Women
White
6.7
8.3
5.4
Black
5.8
5.8
5.8
Hispanic
4.5
5.1
3.7
Working
population
=
109.1
million
persons.
a
Source:
Carey,
1988.

Table
15­
160.
Occupational
Tenure
for
Employed
Individuals
Grouped
by
Sex
and
Employment
Status
a
Median
Tenure
(
Years)

Employment
Status
All
Individuals
Men
Women
Full­
Time
7.2
8.4
5.9
Part­
Time
3.1
2.4
3.6
a
Working
population
=
109.9
million
persons.
Source:
Carey,
1988.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
173
Table
15­
161.
Occupational
Tenure
of
Employed
Individuals
Grouped
by
Major
Occupational
Groups
and
Age
a
Median
Tenure
(
years)

Occupational
Group
Age
Group
Total
16­
24
25­
34
35­
44
45­
54
55­
64
65+
b
Executive,
Administrative,
and
Managerial
8.4
2.4
5.6
10.1
15.1
17.9
26.3
Professional
Specialty
9.6
2.0
5.7
12.0
18.2
25.6
36.2
Technicians
and
Related
Support
6.9
2.2
5.7
10.9
17.7
20.8
22.2
Sales
Occupations
5.1
1.7
4.7
7.7
10.5
15.5
21.6
Administrative
Support,
including
Clerical
5.4
2.1
5.0
7.6
10.9
14.6
15.4
Service
Occupations
4.1
1.7
4.4
6.9
9.0
10.6
10.4
Precision
Production,
Craft,
and
Repair
9.3
2.6
7.1
13.5
19.9
25.7
30.1
Operators,
Fabricators,
and
Laborers
5.5
1.7
4.6
9.1
13.7
18.1
14.7
Farming,
Forestry,
and
Fishing
10.4
2.9
7.9
13.5
20.7
30.5
39.8
a
Working
population
=
109.1
million
persons.
b
Includes
all
workers
16
years
and
older
Source:
Carey,
1988.

Table
15­
162.
Voluntary
Occupational
Mobility
Rates
for
Workers
Age
16
Years
and
Older
a
Age
Group
(
years)
Occupational
Mobility
Rateb
(
Percent)

16­
24
12.7
25­
34
6.6
35­
44
4.0
45­
54
1.9
55­
64
1.0
64
and
older
0.3
Total,
age
16
and
older
5.3
a
Working
population
=
109.1
million
persons.
b
Occupational
mobility
rate
=
percentage
of
persons
employed
in
an
occupation
who
had
voluntarily
entered
it
from
another
occupation.
Source:
Carey,
1990.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
174
August
1997
Table
15­
163.
Values
and
Their
Standard
Errors
for
Average
Total
Residence
Time,
T,
for
Each
Group
in
Surveya
Average
total
residence
Households
(
percent)
time
S.
D.
Average
current
residence
T
(
years)
S
T
(
years)
T
CR
Households
1985
1987
All
households
4.55
±
0.60
8.68
10.56
±
0.10
100.0
100.0
Renters
2.35
±
0.14
4.02
4.62
±
0.08
36.5
36.0
Owners
11.36
±
3.87
13.72
13.96
±
0.12
63.5
64.0
Farms
17.31
±
13.81
18.69
18.75
±
0.38
2.1
1.9
Urban
4.19
±
0.53
8.17
10.07
±
0.10
74.9
74.5
Rural
7.80
±
1.17
11.28
12.06
±
0.23
25.1
25.5
Northeast
region
7.37
±
0.88
11.48
12.64
±
0.12
21.2
20.9
Midwest
region
5.11
±
0.68
9.37
11.15
±
0.10
25.0
24.5
South
region
3.96
±
0.47
8.03
10.12
±
0.08
34.0
34.4
West
region
3.49
±
0.57
6.84
8.44
±
0.11
19.8
20.2
Values
of
the
average
current
residence
time,
T
,
are
given
for
comparison.
a
CR
Source:
Israeli
and
Nelson,
1992.

Table
15­
164.
Total
Residence
Time,
t
(
years),
Corresponding
to
Selected
Values
of
R(
t)
by
Housing
Category
a
R(
t)
=
0.05
0.1
0.25
0.5
0.75
All
households
23.1
12.9
3.7
1.4
0.5
Renters
8.0
5.2
2.6
1.2
0.5
Owners
41.4
32.0
17.1
5.2
1.4
Farms
58.4
48.3
26.7
10.0
2.4
Urban
21.7
10.9
3.4
1.4
0.5
Rural
32.3
21.7
9.1
3.3
1.2
Northeast
region
34.4
22.3
7.5
2.8
1.0
Midwest
region
25.7
15.0
4.3
1.6
0.6
South
region
20.7
10.8
3.0
1.2
0.4
West
region
17.1
8.9
2.9
1.2
0.4
R(
t)
=
fraction
of
households
living
in
the
same
residence
for
t
years
or
more.
a
Source:
Israeli
and
Nelson,
1992.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
175
Table
15­
165.
Residence
Time
of
Owner/
Renter
Occupied
Units
Year
household
moved
into
unit
Total
occupied
units
(
numbers
in
thousands)

1990­
1994
24,534
1985­
1989
27,054
1980­
1984
10,613
1975­
1979
9,369
1970­
1974
6,233
1960­
1969
7,933
1950­
1959
4,754
1940­
1949
1,772
1939
or
earlier
885
Total
93,147
Source:
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1993.

Table
15­
166.
Percent
of
Householders
Living
in
Houses
for
Specified
Ranges
of
Time
Years
lived
in
current
home
Percent
of
total
households
0­
4
26.34
5­
9
29.04
10­
14
11.39
15­
19
10.06
20­
24
6.69
25­
34
8.52
35­
44
5.1
45­
54
1.9
>
55
0.95
Total
99.99
a
a
Total
does
not
equal
100
due
to
rounding
errors.
Source:
Adapted
from
U.
S.
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1993.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
176
August
1997
Table
15­
167.
Descriptive
Statistics
for
Residential
Occupancy
Period
Residential
occupancy
period
(
years)

Both
genders
Males
only
Females
only
N
=
500,000
N
=
244,274
N
=
255,726
a
Statistic
11.7
11.1
12.3
Mean
2
2
2
5th
percentile
2
2
2
10th
percentile
3
4
5
25th
percentile
9
8
9
50th
percentile
16
15
17
75th
percentile
26
24
28
90th
percentile
33
31
35
95th
percentile
41
39
43
98th
percentile
47
44
49
99th
percentile
51
48
53
99.5th
percentile
55
53
58
99.8th
percentile
59
56
61
99.9th
percentile
75
73
75
Second
largest
value
87
73
87
Largest
value
a
=
Number
of
simulated
persons
Source:
Johnson
and
Capel,
1992.

Table
15­
168.
Descriptive
Statistics
for
Both
Genders
by
Current
Age
Current
age,
years
Residential
occupancy
period
(
years)

Percentile
Mean
25
50
75
90
95
99
3
6.5
3
5
8
13
17
22
6
8.0
4
7
10
15
18
22
9
8.9
5
8
12
16
18
22
12
9.3
5
9
13
16
18
23
15
9.1
5
8
12
16
18
23
18
8.2
4
7
11
16
19
23
21
6.0
2
4
8
13
17
23
24
5.2
2
4
6
11
15
25
27
6.0
3
5
8
12
16
27
30
7.3
3
6
9
14
19
32
33
8.7
4
7
11
17
23
39
36
10.4
5
8
13
21
28
47
39
12.0
5
9
15
24
31
48
42
13.5
6
11
18
27
35
49
45
15.3
7
13
20
31
38
52
48
16.6
8
14
22
32
39
52
51
17.4
9
15
24
33
39
50
54
18.3
9
16
25
34
40
50
57
19.1
10
17
26
35
41
51
60
19.7
11
18
27
35
40
51
63
20.2
11
19
27
36
41
51
66
20.7
12
20
28
36
41
50
69
21.2
12
20
29
37
42
50
72
21.6
13
20
29
37
43
53
75
21.5
13
20
29
38
43
53
78
21.4
12
19
29
38
44
53
81
21.2
11
20
29
39
45
55
84
20.3
11
19
28
37
44
56
87
20.6
10
18
29
39
46
57
90
18.9
8
15
27
40
47
56
All
ages
11.7
4
9
16
26
33
47
Source:
Johnson
and
Capel,
1992.
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
177
Table
15­
169.
Summary
of
Residence
Time
of
Recent
Home
Buyers
(
1993)

Number
of
years
lived
in
previous
house
Percent
of
Respondents
1
year
or
less
2
2­
3
16
4­
7
40
8­
9
10
10
years
or
more
32
Source:
NAR,
1993
Table
15­
170.
Tenure
in
Previous
Home
(
Percentage
Distribution)

Percent
1987
1989
1991
1993
One
year
or
less
5
8
4
2
2­
3
Years
25
15
21
16
4­
7
Years
36
22
37
40
8­
9
Years
10
11
9
10
10
or
More
Years
24
34
29
32
Total
100
100
100
100
Median
6
6
6
6
Source:
NAR,
1993
Table
15­
171.
Number
of
Miles
Moved
(
Percentage
Distribution)

All
Buyers
Buyer
Buyer
Buyer
First­
Time
Repeat
Buyer
New
Home
Existing
Home
Miles
Percent
Less
than
5
miles
29
33
27
23
31
5
to
9
miles
20
25
16
18
20
10
to
19
miles
18
20
17
20
17
20
to
34
miles
9
11
8
12
9
35
to
50
miles
2
2
2
2
3
51
to
100
miles
5
2
6
6
4
Over
100
miles
17
6
24
19
16
Total
100
100
100
100
100
Median
9
8
11
11
8
Mean
200
110
270
230
190
Source:
NAR,
1993
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
178
August
1997
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
Considerations
Rationale
Rating
TIME
SPENT
INDOORS
VS.
OUTDOORS
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
studies
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
The
studies
are
widely
available
to
the
public.
High
°
Reproducibility
The
reproducibility
of
these
studies
is
left
to
question.
Evidence
has
shown
that
Medium
activities
have
tended
to
shift
over
the
past
decade
since
the
studies
were
published,
due
to
economic
conditions
and
technological
developments,
etc.
Thus,
it
is
assumed
there
would
be
differences
in
reproducing
these
results.
However,
if
data
were
reanalyzed
in
the
same
manner
the
results
are
expected
to
be
the
same.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
study
focused
on
general
activity
patterns.
One
study
delineated
between
indoor
High
and
outdoor
use
of
time
but
in
many
cases
the
locations
were
specified.
Thus,
any
assumptions
were
made
about
the
indoor
or
outdoor
location
where
event
took
place.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
studies
focused
on
the
U.
S.
population
and
California.
High
°
Primary
data
One
study
analyzed
data
from
a
two
primary
studies.
Data
from
the
remaining
study
High
was
collected
to
via
questionnaires
and
interviews.

°
Currency
The
studies
were
published
in
1985
(
data
was
collected
1981­
1982),
1987,
1991
(
data
Medium
was
collected
1987­
1990)
and
1992.

°
Adequacy
of
data
In
one
study,
households
were
sampled
4
times
during
3
month
intervals
from
High
collection
period
February
to
December,
1981.
Robinson's
data
was
based
on
1)
the
CARB
Study
where
data
was
collected
October
1987
to
August
1988;
and
2)
the
National
Study
where
data
was
collected
January
through
December
1985.

°
Validity
of
approach
The
approach
used
to
collect
data
was
direct
and
included
questionnaires
or
High
interviews.
Responses
where
based
on
diaries
and
`
mailback'
surveys
based
on
what
the
person
planned
to
do
the
following
day
(
the
"
tomorrow
approach").
A
24
hour
diary
was
used
in
another
study.

°
Study
size
The
study
sizes
ranged
from
922
to
5,000
depending
on
the
sub­
group
considered.
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
Timmer
focused
on
activities
of
children.
Robinson
studies
activities
of
both
children
High
population
and
adults.
The
studies
are
representative
of
the
US
population
and
California
State.

°
Characterization
of
Variability
was
characterized
by
age,
gender,
and
day
of
the
week;
location
of
Medium
variability
activities
and
various
age
categories
for
children.
There
was
no
mention
of
race
and
no
socio­
economic
characterizations
made.

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
Biases
noted
were
sampled
during
time
when
children
were
in
school
(
activities
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
during
vacation
time
are
not
represented);
activities
in
the
1980'
s
may
different
than
desirable)
they
are
now;

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
since
the
diaries
were
based
on
recall
(
in
Medium
most
cases
a
24
hour
recall).

Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
Two
High
°
Agreement
between
Difficult
to
compare
due
to
varying
categories
of
activities
and
the
unique
age
Not
researchers
distributions
found
within
each
study.
Ranked
Overall
Rating
Medium
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
179
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
TIME
SPENT
IN
A
VEHICLE
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
The
study
is
widely
available
to
the
public.
High
°
Reproducibility
The
reproducibility
of
these
studies
is
left
to
question.
Evidence
has
shown
that
Medium
activities
have
tended
to
shift
over
the
past
decade
since
the
studies
were
published,
due
to
economic
conditions,
technological
developments,
etc.
Thus,
it
is
assumed
there
would
be
differences
in
reproducing
these
results.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
study
focused
specifically
focused
on
time
spent
in
vehicle.
High
°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
studies
focused
on
the
U.
S.
population
and
California.
High
°
Primary
data
Robinson's
study
analyzed
data
from
two
primary
studies,
thus
it
secondary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
studies
were
published
in
1985
(
data
was
collected
1981­
1982),
1987,
1991
(
data
Medium
was
collected
1987­
1990)
and
1992.

°
Adequacy
of
data
In
one
study,
households
were
sampled
4
times
during
3
month
intervals
from
High
collection
period
February
to
December,
1981.
Robinson's
data
was
based
on
1)
the
Wiley
et
al.
(
1991)
Study
where
data
was
collected
October
1987
to
August
1988;
and
2)
the
National
Study
where
data
was
collected
January
through
December
1985.

°
Validity
of
approach
The
approach
used
to
collect
primary
data
was
based
on
diary
entries
recorded
the
High
previous
day
with
follow­
up
telephone
interviews.
Another
study
collected
time
diary
data
via
mailback
of
questionnaires,
telephone
interviews.
`
Mailback'
surveys
were
based
on
the
"
tomorrow
approach"
where
person
knew
they
were
to
record
in
diaries
in
advance.

°
Study
size
The
study
sizes
ranged
from
922
to
5,000
depending
on
the
sub­
group
considered.
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
The
studies
are
representative
of
the
US
population
and
California
State.
High
population
°
Characterization
of
Variability
was
characterized
by
age,
gender,
and
day
of
the
week.
There
was
no
Medium
variability
mention
of
race
and
no
socio­
economic
characterizations
made.

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
Both
studies
lacked
time
distributions
and
were
based
on
short­
term
data.
Wiley
et
al.
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
(
1991)
data
was
based
recall,
is
limited
to
California's
population,
and
only
desirable)
considered
English
speaking
households.

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
when
diaries
were
based
on
24
hr
recall.
Medium
Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One
secondary
study
analyzing
two
primary
studies
Medium
°
Agreement
between
Similar
activity
patterns
were
found
in
both
studies.
High
researchers
Overall
Rating
Medium
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
180
August
1997
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
TIME
SPENT
SHOWERING
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
Currently,
raw
data
are
available
to
only
EPA.
It
is
not
known
when
data
will
be
Low
publicly
available.

°
Reproducibility
Results
are
reproducible.
High
°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
study
focused
specifically
focused
on
time
spent
showering.
High
°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
study
focused
on
the
U.
S.
general
population.
High
°
Primary
data
The
study
was
based
on
primary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
study
was
published
in
1996.
High
°
Adequacy
of
data
The
data
were
collected
between
October
1992
and
September
1994.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
The
study
used
a
valid
methodology
and
approach
which,
in
addition
to
24­
hour
High
diaries,
collected
information
on
temporal
conditions
and
demographic
data
such
as
geographic
location
and
socioeconomic
status
for
various
U.
S.
subgroups.

°
Study
size
Study
consisted
of
9,386
total
participants..
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
The
data
were
representative
of
the
U.
S.
population.
High
population
°
Characterization
of
The
study
provides
a
distribution
on
showering
duration.
High
variability
°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
The
study
includes
distributions
for
showering
duration.
Study
is
based
on
short­
term
High
design
(
high
rating
is
data.
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
because
diaries
are
based
on
24­
hour
recall.
Medium
Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One;
the
study
was
a
national
study.
Low
°
Agreement
between
Recommendation
is
based
on
only
one
study
but
it
is
a
widely
accepted
study
and
High
researchers
average
value
is
comparable
to
a
second
key
study.

Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
181
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
TIME
SPENT
BATHING
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
Currently,
raw
data
are
available
to
only
EPA.
It
is
not
known
when
data
will
be
Low
publicly
available.

°
Reproducibility
Results
can
be
reproduced
or
methodology
can
be
followed
and
evaluated
provided
High
comparable
economic
and
social
conditions
exists.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
survey
collected
information
on
duration
and
frequency
of
selected
activities
and
High
time
spent
in
selected
micro­
environments.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
represents
the
U.
S.
population.
High
°
Primary
data
The
study
was
based
on
primary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
study
was
published
in
1996.
High
°
Adequacy
of
data
The
data
were
collected
between
October
1992
and
September
1994.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
The
study
used
a
valid
methodology
and
approach
which,
in
addition
to
24­
hour
High
diaries,
collected
information
on
temporal
conditions
and
demographic
data
such
as
geographic
location
and
socioeconomic
status
for
various
U.
S.
subgroups.
Responses
were
weighted
according
to
this
demographic
data.

°
Study
size
The
study
consisted
of
9,386
total
participants.
High
°
Representativeness
of
The
studies
were
based
on
the
U.
S.
population.
High
the
population
°
Characterization
of
The
study
provided
data
that
varied
across
geographic
region,
race,
gender,
High
variability
employment
status,
educational
level,
day
of
the
week,
seasonal
conditions,
and
medical
conditions
of
respondent..

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
The
study
includes
distributions
for
bathing
duration.
Study
is
based
on
short­
term
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
data.
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
because
diaries
were
based
on
24­
hour
Medium
recall.

Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One;
the
study
was
based
on
one,
primary,
national
study.
Low
°
Agreement
between
Recommendation
was
based
on
only
one
study.
Not
researchers
Ranked
Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
182
August
1997
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
SHOWER
AND
BATHING
FREQUENCY
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
Currently,
raw
data
is
available
to
only
EPA.
It
is
not
known
when
data
will
be
Low
publicly
available.

°
Reproducibility
Results
can
be
reproduced
or
methodology
can
be
followed
and
evaluated
provided
High
comparable
economic
and
social
conditions
exists.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
survey
collected
information
on
duration
and
frequency
of
selected
activities
and
High
time
spent
in
selected
micro­
environments.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
represents
the
U.
S.
population
High
°
Primary
data
The
study
was
based
on
primary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
study
was
published
in
1996.
High
°
Adequacy
of
data
The
data
were
collected
between
October
1992
and
September
1994.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
The
study
used
a
valid
methodology
and
approach
which,
in
addition
to
24­
hour
High
diaries,
collected
information
on
temporal
conditions
and
demographic
data
such
as
geographic
location
and
socioeconomic
status
for
various
U.
S.
subgroups.
Responses
were
weighted
according
to
this
demographic
data.

°
Study
size
The
study
consisted
of
9,386
total
participants
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
Studies
were
based
on
the
U.
S.
population.
High
population
°
Characterization
of
The
study
provided
data
that
varied
across
geographic
region,
race,
gender,
High
variability
employment
status,
educational
level,
day
of
the
week,
seasonal
conditions,
and
medical
conditions
of
respondent..

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
Study
is
based
on
short
term
data..
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
because
diaries
were
based
on
24­
hour
Medium
recall.

Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One;
the
study
was
based
on
one,
primary,
national
study.
Low
°
Agreement
between
Recommendation
was
based
on
only
one
study.
Not
researchers
Ranked
Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
183
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
TIME
SPENT
SWIMMING
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
Study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
Currently,
raw
data
is
available
to
only
EPA.
It
is
not
known
when
data
will
be
Low
publicly
available.

°
Reproducibility
Results
can
be
reproduced
or
methodology
can
be
followed
and
evaluated
provided
High
comparable
economic
and
social
conditions
exists.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
survey
collected
information
on
duration
and
frequency
of
selected
activities
and
High
time
spent
in
selected
micro­
environments.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
represents
the
U.
S.
population
High
°
Primary
data
The
study
was
based
on
primary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
study
was
published
in
1996.
High
°
Adequacy
of
data
The
data
were
collected
between
October
1992
and
September
1994.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
The
study
used
a
valid
methodology
and
approach
which,
in
addition
to
24­
hour
High
diaries,
collected
information
on
temporal
conditions
and
demographic
data
such
as
geographic
location
and
socioeconomic
status
for
various
U.
S.
subgroups.
Responses
were
weighted
according
to
this
demographic
data.

°
Study
size
The
study
consisted
of
9,386
total
participants
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
Studies
were
based
on
the
U.
S.
population.
High
population
°
Characterization
of
The
study
provided
data
that
varied
across
geographic
region,
race,
gender,
High
variability
employment
status,
educational
level,
day
of
the
week,
seasonal
conditions,
and
medical
conditions
of
respondent..

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
The
study
includes
distributions
for
swimming
duration.
Study
is
based
on
short
term
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
data.
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
because
diaries
were
based
on
24­
hour
Medium
recall.

Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One;
the
study
was
based
on
one,
primary,
national
study.
Low
°
Agreement
between
Recommendation
was
based
on
only
one
study.
Not
researchers
Ranked
Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
184
August
1997
Table
15­
172.
Confidence
in
Activity
Patterns
Recommendations
(
continued)

Considerations
Rationale
Rating
RESIDENTIAL
TIME
SPENT
INDOORS
AND
OUTDOORS
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
study
received
high
level
of
peer
review.
High
°
Accessibility
Currently,
raw
data
is
available
to
only
EPA.
It
is
not
known
when
data
will
be
Low
publicly
available.

°
Reproducibility
Results
can
be
reproduced
or
methodology
can
be
followed
and
evaluated
provided
High
comparable
economic
and
social
conditions
exists.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
survey
collected
information
on
duration
and
frequency
of
selected
activities
and
High
time
spent
in
selected
micro­
environments.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
represents
the
U.
S.
population
High
°
Primary
data
The
study
was
based
on
primary
data.
High
°
Currency
The
study
was
published
in
1996.
High
°
Adequacy
of
data
Data
were
collected
between
October
1992
and
September
1994.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
The
study
used
a
valid
methodology
and
approach
which,
in
addition
to
24­
hour
High
diaries,
collected
information
on
temporal
conditions
and
demographic
data
such
as
geographic
location
and
socioeconomic
status
for
various
U.
S.
subgroups.
Responses
were
weighted
according
to
this
demographic
data.

°
Study
size
The
study
consisted
of
9,386
total
participants
High
°
Representativeness
of
The
studies
were
based
on
the
U.
S.
population.
High
the
population
°
Characterization
of
The
study
provided
data
that
varied
across
geographic
region,
race,
gender,
High
variability
employment
status,
educational
level,
day
of
the
week,
seasonal
conditions,
and
medical
conditions
of
respondent..

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
The
study
includes
distribitions
for
time
spent
indoors
and
outdoors
at
ones
residence.
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
Study
is
based
on
short
term
data.
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
Measurement
or
recording
error
may
occur
because
diaries
were
based
on
24­
hour
Medium
recall.

Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
One;
the
study
was
based
on
one,
primary,
national
study.
Low
°
Agreement
between
Recommendation
was
based
on
only
one
study.
Not
researchers
Ranked
Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
185
Table
15­
173.
Confidence
in
Occupational
Mobility
Recommendations
Considerations
Rationale
Rating
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
studies
received
high
level
of
peer
review
High
°
Accessibility
The
studies
are
widely
available
to
the
public.
High
°
Reproducibility
If
the
data
were
re­
collected
in
the
same
fashion,
it
is
questionable
whether
the
results
Medium
would
be
the
same
based
on
changes
in
the
economy
that
have
occurred
since
study
was
conducted
(
more
than
10
years
ago).
If
the
same
data
were
analyzed
according
to
the
design
of
the
study
then
it
is
expected
the
results
would
be
the
same.

°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
Occupational
tenure
was
the
focus
of
both
key
studies.
High
°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
represents
the
U.
S.
population.
High
°
Primary
data
The
two
studies
are
secondary
data
sources
since
they
are
based
on
supplemental
data
Medium
to
the
January
1987
Current
Population
Study
(
a
U.
S.
Census
publication).

°
Currency
The
studies
were
published
in
1988
(
data
was
collection
in
1987)
and
1990
(
data
Medium
collected
from
1986­
1987).

°
Adequacy
of
data
The
studies
are
based
on
census
data,
which
is
collected
over
a
period
of
years.
One
High
collection
period
study
analyzed
data
for
January
1987.
The
remaining
study
based
data
between
a
January
1986
and
January
1987
time
frame.

°
Validity
of
approach
The
studies
used
a
valid
methodologies
and
approaches.
High
°
Study
size
The
study
size
for
one
is
109
Million;
the
remaining
study's
sample
size
was
100.1
High
Million.

°
Representativeness
of
The
data
are
representative
of
the
U.
S.
population.
High
the
population
°
Characterization
of
The
studies
provided
averaged
data
according
to
gender,
race,
and
education;
age
High
variability
averages
and
percentiles
were
provided.

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
Much
of
the
original
study
data
is
not
available.
Only
median
values
are
reported.
Medium
design
(
high
rating
is
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
There
is
no
apparent
error
in
measurement
High
Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
Two
Medium
°
Agreement
between
Difficult
to
compare
between
the
number
of
years
worked
on
a
job
and
entry
verses
Not
researchers
exit
rate
of
various
occupations.
One
set
of
data
was
recorded
in
number
of
years.
Ranked
The
other
set
of
data
was
recorded
as
a
percent
motility
rate
and
grouped
by
age.

Overall
Rating
High
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Page
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
15­
186
August
1997
Table
15­
174.
Recommendations
for
Population
Mobility
Study
Value
Method
Israeli
and
Nelson,
1992
4.6
yr
(
averge)
Average
of
current
and
total
residence
1/
6
a
person's
lifetime
times
(
70
yr)
=
11.7
(
modeled)

US
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1993
9
yr
(
50th
percentile)
Current
residence
time
33
yr
(
90th
percentile)

Johnson
and
Capel,
1992
26
yr
(
90th
percentile)
Residential
occupancy
period
33
yr
(
95th
percentile)
47
yr
(
99th
percentile)
12
yr
(
mean)

Table
15­
175.
Confidence
in
Population
Mobility
Recommendations
Considerations
Rationale
Rating
Study
Elements
°
Level
of
peer
review
The
studies
received
high
levels
of
peer
review
and
appear
in
publications.
High
°
Accessibility
The
studies
are
widely
available
to
the
public.
High
°
Reproducibility
Results
can
be
reproduced
or
methodology
can
be
followed
and
evaluated.
High
°
Focus
on
factor
of
interest
The
Census
data
provided
length
of
time
at
current.
Two
of
the
studies
used
Medium
modeling
to
estimate
total
time.

°
Data
pertinent
to
US
The
data
is
based
on
the
U.
S.
population
High
°
Primary
data
Two
studies
based
results
on
modeled
data
and
one
based
results
on
interviews.
Medium
°
Currency
The
reports
were
published
in
1992
(
based
on
data
collected
in
1985­
1987)
and
1993
Medium
(
based
on
data
collected
from
1939
and
1994
(
projected)
.

°
Adequacy
of
data
The
collection
period
was
based
on
data
collected
over
several
years.
High
collection
period
°
Validity
of
approach
There
are
some
concerns
regarding
the
validity
of
approach.
Data
does
not
account
Medium
for
each
member
of
the
household,
values
are
more
realistic
estimates
for
the
individual's
total
residence
time,
than
the
average
time
a
household
has
been
living
at
its
current
residence.
The
moving
process
was
modeled.
In
another
study
data
was
assumed
to
have
an
even
distribution
within
the
different
ranges
which
may
bias
the
50th
and
90th
percentiles.

°
Study
size
The
study
size
ranged
from
15,000
to
500,
000.
High
°
Representativeness
of
the
Studies
were
based
on
the
U.
S.
population.
High
population
°
Characterization
of
Variability
across
several
geographic
regions
was
noted.
Type
of
ownership
was
also
Medium
variability
addressed.
One
study
provided
data
grouped
by
race.

°
Lack
of
bias
in
study
Mentioned
above
in
validity
of
approach
section.
Not
design
(
high
rating
is
Ranked
desirable)

°
Measurement
error
There
is
no
apparent
error
in
measurement.
High
Other
Elements
°
Number
of
studies
Three
High
°
Agreement
between
The
studies
produced
very
similar
results.
High
researchers
Overall
Rating
Medium
Volume
III
­
Activity
Factors
Chapter
15
­
Activity
Factors
Exposure
Factors
Handbook
Page
August
1997
15­
187
Table
15­
176.
Summary
of
Recommended
Values
for
Activity
Factors
Type
Value
Study
Indoor
Activities
Children
(
ages
3­
11)
19
hr/
day
(
weekdays)
Timmer
et
al.,
1985
­
Key
study
17
hr/
day
(
weekends)
Timmer
et
al.,
1985
­
Key
study
Adults
(
ages
12
and
older)
21
hr/
day
Robinson
and
Thomas,
1991
­
Key
study
Outdoor
Activities
Children
5
hr/
day
(
weekdays)
Timmer
et
al.,
1985
­
Key
study
7
hr/
day
(
weekends)
Timmer
et
al.,
1985
­
Key
study
Adults
1.5
hr/
day
Robinson
and
Thomas,
1991
­
Key
study
Time
Spent
Inside
Vehicle
Adults
Robinson
and
Thomas,
1991
­
Key
study
1.3
hr/
day
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
Taking
Baths
20
minutes/
event
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
Taking
Showers
10
min/
day
shower
duration
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
1
shower
event/
day
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
Occupational
Tenure
6.6
yrs
(
16
years
and
older)
Carey,
1988
­
Relevant
study
Population
Mobility
Average:
9
yr
US
Bureau
of
the
Census,
1993
­
Key
95th
percentile:
30
yr
study
Swimming
1
event/
month
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
60
minutes/
event
Residential
Tsang
and
Klepeis,
1996
­
Key
study
Indoors
16.4
hr/
day
Outdoors
2
hr/
day
