Economic
Analysis
of
Construction
and
Development
Proposed
Effluent
Guidelines
May
2002
CHAPTER
TEN
UNFUNDED
MANDATES
REFORM
ACT
10.1
INTRODUCTION
Title
II
of
the
Unfunded
Mandates
Reform
Act
of
1995
(
UMRA)
,
P.
L.
104­
4,
establishes
requirements
for
Federal
agencies
to
assess
the
effects
of
their
regulatory
actions
on
state,
local,
and
tribal
governments
and
the
private
sector.
Under
section
202
of
the
UMRA,
EPA
generally
prepares
a
written
statement,
including
a
cost­
benefit
analysis,
for
proposed
and
final
rules
with
 
Federal
mandates
 
that
may
result
in
expenditures
to
State,
local,
and
tribal
governments,
in
the
aggregate,
or
to
the
private
sector,
of
$
100
million
or
more
in
any
one
year.

Before
promulgating
an
EPA
rule
for
which
a
written
statement
is
needed,
section
205
of
the
UMRA
generally
directs
EPA
to
identify
and
consider
a
reasonable
number
of
regulatory
alternatives
and
adopt
the
least
costly,
most
cost­
effective
or
least
burdensome
alternative
that
achieves
the
objectives
of
the
rule.
The
provisions
of
section
205
do
not
apply
when
they
are
inconsistent
with
applicable
law.

Moreover,
section
205
allows
EPA
to
adopt
an
alternative
other
than
the
least
costly,
most
cost­
effective
or
least
burdensome
alternative,
if
the
Administrator
publishes
with
the
final
rule
an
explanation
of
why
that
alternative
was
not
adopted.

Before
EPA
establishes
any
regulatory
requirements
that
may
significantly
or
uniquely
affect
small
governments,
including
tribal
governments,
it
is
to
develop,
under
section
203
of
the
UMRA,
a
small
government
agency
plan.
The
plan
is
to
provide
for
notifying
potentially
affected
small
governments,
thus
enabling
officials
of
affected
small
governments
to
have
meaningful
and
timely
input
in
the
development
of
EPA
regulatory
proposals
with
significant
Federal
intergovernmental
mandates,
and
informing,

educating,
and
advising
small
governments
on
compliance
with
the
regulatory
requirements.

10­
1
Economic
Analysis
of
Construction
and
Development
Proposed
Effluent
Guidelines
May
2002
10.2
ANALYSIS
AND
RESULTS
EPA
has
determined
that
the
proposed
C&
D
regulations
may
contain
a
federal
mandate
that
may
result
in
expenditures
of
$
100
million
or
more
by
State,
local
or
Tribal
governments
in
the
aggregate,
or
to
the
private
sector
in
any
one
year.
Accordingly,
EPA
has
prepared
the
written
statement
in
accordance
with
section
202
of
the
UMRA.
This
and
previous
sections
of
the
EA
constitute
this
statement:
Chapter
Five
of
the
EA
identifies
costs
and
impacts
(
burdens)
on
construction
firms
that
would
be
subject
to
the
proposed
regulations,
as
well
as
other
market
affects.
Chapter
Eight
presents
estimated
monetary
benefits
that
may
accrue
under
the
proposed
regulations,
in
accordance
with
UMRA
when
costs
of
a
federal
mandate
exceed
$
100
million
in
any
one
year.

EPA
determined
that
the
smallest
unit
of
government
potentially
affected
by
the
proposed
rule
would
be
on
the
sub­
county
(
i.
e.
,
municipal
or
township)
government
level.
Census
data
was
used
to
determine
financial
and
other
information
(
e.
g.
,
population)
for
local
government
entities
(
Census
2000a,

Census
1999)
.
This
information
was
combined
with
data
from
several
other
sources
to
assess
the
impacts
of
the
proposed
rule
on
small
(
serving
populations
of
less
than
50,000)
government
entities.

The
estimated
total
cost
of
the
proposed
rule
under
ESC
option
1
is
approximately
$
118
million.
1
Based
on
the
value
of
construction
work
done,
approximately
24.7
percent
of
this
cost,
or
$
29
million,

would
be
borne
by
public
entities.
Under
ESC
option
2,
the
estimated
total
cost
of
the
proposed
rule
is
$
469
million,
with
public
entities
incurring
approximately
$
116
million
of
this
total.

Approximately
83
percent
of
the
total
U.
S.
population
in
1996
(
219
million
out
of
265
million)
lived
in
areas
governed
by
a
municipality
or
town/
township.
Of
those
served
by
these
sub­
county
governments,

approximately
43
percent
(
114
million)
lived
in
areas
served
by
municipal
or
town/
township
governments
with
populations
of
less
than
50,000.
The
remaining
portion
of
the
total
U.
S.
population
(
i.
e.
,
those
not
served
by
municipal
or
town/
township
governments)
may
be
served
only
by
a
county
government,
a
1
Total
compliance
cost
equals
the
installation,
design,
and
permitting
costs
plus
operation
and
maintenance
costs.

10­
2
Economic
Analysis
of
Construction
and
Development
Proposed
Effluent
Guidelines
May
2002
special
district
government,
or
some
other
form
of
local
government
not
covered
by
the
Census
report
(
Census
1999)
.

The
value
of
construction
work
done
by
government
agencies
(
federal,
state,
and
local)
is
approximately
24.7
percent
of
the
total
value
of
construction
work
done,
with
the
remainder
performed
by
private
entities.
EPA
applied
the
24.7
percent
factor
to
the
total
national
compliance
costs
for
each
option
to
determine
the
portion
of
costs
accruing
to
government
entities.

EPA
then
used
data
on
the
funding
of
capital
outlay
for
highway
projects
to
determine
the
portion
of
compliance
costs
accruing
to
each
level
of
government
(
i.
e.
,
to
federal,
state,
and
local
entities)
.
Based
on
this
data,
approximately
41
percent
of
government
compliance
costs
would
be
borne
by
the
Federal
government,
34
percent
would
be
borne
by
state
governments,
and
the
remaining
25
percent
would
be
borne
by
local
governments.

EPA
compared
the
local
government
share
of
compliance
costs
against
several
financial
indicators
to
determine
the
extent
of
the
impacts
on
small
governmental
units.
The
indicators
used
were
total
revenues,
capital
outlay,
and
capital
outlay
for
construction
only.
In
all
cases,
compliance
costs
were
less
than
0.2
percent
of
the
financial
measure,
indicating
no
significant
impact
on
small
governmental
units.
The
calculations
are
shown
in
Table
10­
1
below.

10­
3
Economic
Analysis
of
Construction
and
Development
Proposed
Effluent
Guidelines
May
2002
Table
10­
1.
Impacts
of
Proposed
Rule
Compliance
Costs
on
Government
Units
Government
Component
Option
1
Option
2
Costs
As
Percent
of
Total
Costs
Costs
As
Percent
of
Total
Costs
Total
Compliance
Costs
$
118,100,000
100.00%
$
469,200,000
100.00%

Private
Compliance
Costs
(
75.3%
)
[
a
]
$
88,929,300
75.30%
$
353,307,600
75.30%

Public
Compliance
Costs
(
24.7%
)
[
a
]
$
29,170,700
24.70%
$
115,892,400
24.70%

Federal
(
41.07%
)
[
b
]
$
11,980,406
10.14%
$
47,597,009
10.14%

State
(
34.29%
)
[
b
]
$
10,002,633
8.47%
$
39,739,504
8.47%

Local
(
24.64%
)
[
b
]
$
7,187,660
6.09%
$
28,555,887
6.09%

Small
Government
Entities
(
<
50,000)
[
c
]
$
3,098,600
2.62%
$
12,310,443
2.62%

Total
Revenues:
Small
Government
$
103,640,793,000
$
103,640,793,000
Compliance
Costs
as
%
of
Total
Revenues
0.00%
0.01%

Capital
Outlay:
Small
Government
$
11,262,360,000
$
11,262,360,000
Compliance
Costs
as
%
of
Total
Capital
Outlay
0.03%
0.11%

Construction
Outlay
Only:
Small
Government
$
6,901,826,000
$
6,901,826,000
Compliance
Costs
as
%
of
Construction
Outlay
0.04%
0.18%

[
a
]
Based
on
value
of
construction
work
done
by
government
entity.
.
1997
Census
of
Construction.
[
b
]
Based
on
the
percent
of
capital
outlay
for
highways
funded
by
governmental
unit.
.
1999
FHWA
Conditions
and
Performance
Report
to
Congress.
[
c
]
Based
on
the
percent
of
U.
.
S.
population
living
in
municipalities
or
towns/
townships
serving
<
50,000
(
43.11%
of
the
population
in
1996)
.
Note:
Approximately
83%
of
the
U.
S.
population
(
or
219,004,000)
lives
in
an
area
governed
by
a
municipality
or
a
town/
township.
The
remaining
population
may
be
served
only
by
a
county
government,
a
special
district
government,
or
other
governmental
organization
not
covered
here.
Of
the
219
million
served
by
these
subcounty
governments,
approximately
114,347,000
(
or
43
percent)
are
served
by
municipal
or
town/
township
governments
with
populations
of
<
50,000.
Sources:
1997
Census
of
Governments:
Compendium
of
Government
Finances;
1997
Census
of
Governments:
Government
Organization;
1999
Status
of
the
Nation'
s
Highways,
Bridges,
and
Transit:
Conditions
and
Performance,
Report
to
Congress;
1997
Census
of
Construction.

10­
4
Economic
Analysis
of
Construction
and
Development
Proposed
Effluent
Guidelines
May
2002
10.3
REFERENCES
Census
2000a.
1997
Census
of
Governments:
Compendium
of
Government
Finances.
Volume
4.
U.
S.
Census
Bureau.
December.

Census
2000b.
1997
Economic
Census:
Construction
­
Industry
Summary
Census
1999.
1997
Census
of
Governments:
Government
Organization.
Volume
1.
U.
S.
Census
Bureau.
August.

FHWA
2000.
Status
of
the
Nation
 
s
Highways,
Bridges,
and
Transit:
Conditions
and
Performance.
Report
to
Congress.
Federal
Highway
Administration.
May.

10­
5
Index
Page(
s)

accounts
payable
to
sales
ratio
.....................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
active
construction
....................................................
ES­
74,
3­
2,
1­
4,
4­
6,
4­
11,
4­
46,
4­
58,
6­
13  
affordability
....................................................
ES­
58,
ES­
87,
2­
1,
2­
52,
4­
2,
4­
58­
60,
4­
67,
5­
24  
assets
to
sales
ratio
..................................................................................
2­
74  
barrier
to
entry
..............................................
ES­
83,
ES­
84,
2­
31,
2­
44­
46,
4­
2,
4­
44,
4­
45,
5­
20­
23  
benefits
........................................
ES­
91­
95,
1­
6,
1­
8,
2­
9,
2­
17­
19,
2­
47,
2­
49,
3­
11,
4­
66,
5­
37,
5­
38,
5­
42,
7­
1­
6,
7­
8­
14,
8­
70,
8­
71,
8­
73,
9­
1,
9­
3,
9­
4,
10­
2  
Best
Available
Technology
Economically
Achievable
(BAT)
.....................................
ES­
74,
3­
1,
3­
2,
3­
6  
Best
Conventional
Pollutant
Control
Technology
(BCT)
.........................................
ES­
74,
3­
1,
3­
2,
3­
6  
best
management
practices
(BMPs)
......................
ES­
74,
1­
3,
2­
48,
3­
2,
3­
4,
3­
6,
3­
8,
3­
10,
4­
12,
4­
70,
6­
12,
7­
10  
Best
Practicable
Control
Technology
Currently
Available
(BPT)
..................................
ES­
74,
3­
1,
3­
2,
3­
6  
building
permit(
s)
................................
ES­
57,
ES­
70,
1­
6,
2­
31­
35,
2­
38,
2­
76,
2­
77,
2­
78,
2­
80,
4­
46,
4­
48,
4­
50,
4­
53,
4­
67,
4­
69­
72,
5­
7  
Census
Bureau
................
ES­
57,
ES­
60,
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
67,
ES­
68,
ES­
73,
ES­
97,
1­
5­
7,
2­
3,
2­
4,
2­
5,
2­
7,  
2­
8,
2­
11­
14,
2­
16,
2­
18­
22,
2­
28,
2­
30,
2­
31,
2­
33,
2­
34,
2­
36,
2­
38,
2­
45,
2­
53,
2­
55,
2­
57,  
2­
61­
63,
2­
65,
2­
66,
2­
68­
70,
2­
78,
2­
78,
2­
80,
2­
81,
4­
25,
4­
34,
4­
49,
4­
50,
4­
61,
4­
62,
4­
66,  
4­
69,
4­
77,
4­
78,
5­
24,
5­
41,
6­
6,
10­
5  
C&
P
Report
.....................................................................................
2­
39­
41  
capital
costs
..........................................................................
2­
67,
4­
12,
4­
58,
4­
78  
cashflow
..........................................................................
4­
13,
4­
14,
4­
35,
4­
41­
44  
Clean
Water
Act
(CWA)
..........................................................
1­
2,
1­
5,
3­
1,
4­
7,
6­
12,
6­
14  
collection
period
................................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
commercial
construction
................
ES­
60,
ES­
69,
ES­
70,
ES­
75­
84,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
ES­
90,
ES­
91,
ES­
93,
ES­
94,
1­
5,  
2­
7,
2­
19,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
28,
2­
30,
2­
47,
2­
48,
2­
54,
2­
79,
4­
5,
4­
8,
4­
13,
4­
14,  
4­
26,
4­
27,
4­
34,
4­
36,
4­
37,
4­
41,
4­
45,
4­
47,
4­
50­
57,
4­
69­
71,
4A­
1,
4A­
2,
4B­
1­
3,
5­
1­
10,
5­
13­
15,
5­
17­
22,
5­
27,
5­
29­
32,
5­
34,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
20,
7­
7  
Construction
General
Permit
(CGP)
..................
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
1­
2­
5,
2­
5,
3­
1­
3,
3­
5,
3­
11,
5­
35,
6­
12,
8­
71,
9­
1,
9­
2  
consumer
............................
ES­
58,
ES­
76,
2­
1,
2­
50­
52,
4­
59,
4­
66,
4­
72,
4­
73,
4B­
4,
5­
2,
5­
10,
5­
29­
31,
7­
3,  
7­
10,
9­
2  
consumer
surplus
..........................................................
4­
66,
4­
72,
5­
29,
5­
31,
7­
3,
7­
10,
9­
2  
cost
pass
through
(CPT)
.............
ES­
58,
ES­
76­
78,
ES­
80,
ES­
81­
84,
ES­
90,
ES­
91,
2­
1,
4­
3,
4­
4,
4­
5,
4­
6,
4­
14,
4­
19,
4­
21,
4­
29,
4­
31,
4­
58,
4­
65,
4­
71,
5­
3,
5­
5,
5­
6,
5­
10,
5­
11,
5­
13,
5­
14,
5­
16­
19,
5­
20,
5­
21­
23  
current
ratio
.........................................
ES­
79­
81,
2­
70,
2­
71,
2­
73,
4­
32,
4­
38­
40,
5­
10,
5­
12­
14,
5­
16  
deadweight
loss
.................................................................
ES­
87,
ES­
95,
5­
31,
9­
2,
9­
4  
debt
to
equity
.................................................
ES­
79,
ES­
81,
4­
28,
4­
29,
4­
33,
4­
40,
5­
10­
14,
5­
16  
demand
..........................
ES­
73,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
2­
4,
2­
30,
2­
50­
52,
2­
54,
2­
55,
2­
79,
3­
2­
6,
4­
59,
4­
63­
67,
4­
69­  
72,
4­
74,
5­
23,
5­
38,
7­
3,
9­
2  
developer­
builder
..........................................................
2­
44,
4­
10­
14,
4­
29,
4B­
4,
5­
2,
5­
10  
Dun
&
Bradstreet
(D&
B)
..........................
ES­
78,
ES­
81,
2­
70,
2­
75,
4­
26­
28,
4­
34,
4­
35,
4­
38,
4­
40,
4­
76,
5­
11  
employment
...........................
ES­
56,
ES­
57,
ES­
63,
ES­
69,
ES­
75,
ES­
81,
ES­
82,
ES­
87­
89,
1­
1,
1­
6,
2­
8,
2­
9,  
2­
11,
2­
15­
17,
2­
21,
2­
22,
4­
2,
4­
25,
4­
26,
4­
35­
38,
4­
40,
4­
41,
4­
43,
4­
66,
4­
72­  
74,
4­
78,
5­
75,
5­
1,
5­
15,
5­
16,
5­
18,
5­
19,
5­
24,
5­
29­
32,
5­
34,
6­
3,
6­
7,
6­
8,
6­
18  
entry
costs
.....................................................................................
2­
46,
4­
44  
equipment
......................................
ES­
60,
2­
5,
2­
7,
2­
17,
2­
19,
2­
58,
2­
61,
2­
63­
68,
3­
8,
4­
41,
4­
44,
9­
1  
erosion
.......................
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
1­
3­
5,
2­
28,
3­
2­
6,
3­
9,
3­
10,
4­
1,
5­
24,
5­
39,
6­
12,
6­
13,
6­
16,
6­
17,
7­
4­
12  
erosion
and
sediment
..........................
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
1­
3,
1­
4,
2­
28,
3­
2­
6,
3­
9,
3­
10,
4­
1,
5­
24,
5­
39,
7­
4,
7­
12  
erosion
and
sediment
controls
(ESCs)
........................
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
1­
3,
1­
4,
3­
2,
3­
3­
6,
3­
9,
3­
10,
4­
1,
4­
2,
4­
6,
4­
10,
4­
11,
4­
12,
4­
72,
5­
29,
5­
39,
9­
1  
Executive
Order
12866
..........................................................
ES­
56,
1­
1,
1­
8,
5­
37,
5­
38,
9­
1  
Federal
government
........................................................................
2­
55,
2­
57,
10­
3  
Federal
Highway
Administration
(FHWA)
.................
2­
39,
2­
40,
2­
41,
2­
42,
2­
43,
2­
79,
4­
23,
4­
24,
4­
76,
10­
4,
10­
5  
Federal
Water
Pollution
Control
Act
..................................................................
1­
2,
3­
1  
fixed
assets
to
net
worth
ratio
.................................................................
2­
70,
2­
71,
2­
74  
geographic
distribution
........................................................................
2­
8,
2­
9,
2­
15  
11­
1  
Index
(
cont.
)

Page(
s)

gross
profit
ratio
.....................................
ES­
79,
ES­
81,
2­
73,
4­
28,
4­
29,
4­
31,
4­
32,
4­
40,
5­
10­
14,
5­
16  
heavy
construction
...........................
ES­
58­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
66,
ES­
68,
ES­
70,
ES­
79,
ES­
84,
1­
5,
2­
1­
3,  
2­
6­
12,
2­
14,
2­
16,
2­
19,
2­
21,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
27,
2­
29­
31,
2­
39,
2­
46,
2­
50,  
2­
54­
62,
2­
64­
70,
2­
80,
4­
77,
4A­
3,
4A­
4,
5­
14,
5­
15,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
8,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
20  
hedonic
values
......................................................................................
7­
8  
homebuilding
........................................
ES­
58,
ES­
67,
ES­
97,
2­
1,
2­
44­
46,
2­
80,
4­
25,
4­
26,
4­
77,
6­
5  
homebuyers
.........................................................................
ES­
58,
2­
1,
2­
47,
2­
52  
Housing
Opportunity
Index
(HOI)
.....................................
ES­
87,
4­
58,
4­
66,
4­
67,
4­
68,
5­
23,
5­
24,
5­
25  
industrial
construction
...............
ES­
60,
ES­
69,
ES­
70,
ES­
75,
ES­
76,
ES­
78,
ES­
79,
ES­
81­
84,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
ES­
90­  
92,
ES­
94,
1­
2,
1­
5,
2­
2,
2­
5,
2­
7,
2­
8,
2­
19,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
28,
2­
30,
2­
54,  
2­
55,
2­
63,
2­
65,
2­
72,
2­
79,
3­
1,
4­
4­
8,
4­
14,
4­
26,
4­
27,
4­
29,
4­
34,
4­
36,
4­
37,  
4­
41,
4­
45,
4­
47,
4­
50­
57,
4­
70,
4­
71,
4­
73,
4A­
1,
4A­
3,
4B­
1­
3,
5­
1­
10,
5­
13­
15,  
5­
17­
22,
5­
28,
5­
30,
5­
32,
5­
34,
6­
3,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
20,
7­
7  
infrastructure
savings
................................................................................
2­
48  
Initial
Regulatory
Flexibility
Analysis
(IRFA)
..........................................
ES­
88,
ES­
89,
1­
8,
6­
1,
6­
11  
institutional
construction
.........................
ES­
60,
ES­
70,
1­
5,
2­
7,
2­
19,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
30,
2­
47,
4­
27,
4­
47,
4­
50,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
20  
inventory
.........................................
1­
6,
2­
45,
2­
68­
75,
4­
4,
4­
28,
4­
45,
4­
54,
4­
78,
5­
7,
7­
5,
7­
9,
7­
13  
Joint
Center
for
Housing
Studies
..............................
ES­
57,
ES­
66,
ES­
68,
ES­
97,
2­
8,
2­
12,
2­
26,
2­
27,
2­
80  
land
developer
.....................................................................................
2­
44  
land
development
..........................
ES­
58,
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
68,
ES­
69,
2­
1­
3,
2­
8­
12,
2­
15,
2­
16,
2­
19,  
2­
22,
2­
25,
2­
28,
2­
61,
2­
66,
2­
68,
2­
69,
2­
80,
4­
5,
4­
12,
4­
15­
17,
4­
20,
4­
21,
4­
37,  
4­
77,
4A­
2,
4A­
4,
4A­
5,
4B­
4,
6­
4,
6­
5  
lane­
mile(
s)
....................................................................................
2­
39,
2­
40  
low
impact
development
(LID)
.............................................
2­
47,
2­
47,
2­
48,
2­
49,
2­
50,
2­
79,
2­
80  
machinery
.......................................................................................
2­
63­
68  
manufacturing
construction
..................
ES­
60,
ES­
70,
ES­
97,
1­
5,
2­
7,
2­
19,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
30,
2­
58,
2­
61,
2­
80,
4­
8,  
4­
14,
4­
27,
4­
29,
4­
34,
4­
41,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
20  
market
model
......................................
ES­
87,
4­
2,
4­
29,
4­
58,
4­
59,
4­
63,
4­
68­
71,
4­
73,
5­
2,
5­
26,
5­
31  
metropolitan
statistical
area
(MSA)
.........................................
2­
32,
4­
58,
4­
66,
4­
67,
4­
68,
4B­
1,
5­
31  
model
project(
s)
..........................
ES­
75,
ES­
76,
1­
7,
3­
90,
4­
1,
4­
5,
4­
7­
10,
4­
12­
15,
4­
17­
19,
4­
21,
4­
23,
4­
25,  
4­
51,
4­
72,
4A­
79,
5­
2­
6  
multifamily
construction
...................
ES­
60,
ES­
69,
ES­
70,
ES­
73,
ES­
75,
ES­
76,
ES­
78­
84,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
ES­
90,  
ES­
91,
1­
5,
2­
7,
2­
19,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
28,
2­
29,
2­
50,
4­
5,
4­
8,
4­
13,
4­
26,  
4­
27,
4­
29,
4­
34,
4­
36,
4­
37,
4­
41,
4­
45,
4­
48­
50,
4­
53,
4­
54,
4­
56,
4­
57,
4­
69,  
4­
71,
4­
72,
4­
77,
4A­
1,
4A­
2,
4B­
1­
3,
5­
1,
5­
2,
5­
4­
8,
5­
10,
5­
13,
5­
14,
5­
17­
22,  
5­
26,
5­
27,
5­
30­
32,
5­
34,
6­
4,
6­
7,
6­
8,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
18,
6­
19  
municipal
...............................................................
ES­
92,
1­
2,
5­
36,
7­
4,
9­
1,
10­
2,
10­
4  
NAICS
23
.................................................................
ES­
59,
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
2­
5,
2­
6,
6­
3  
NAICS
233
.............................
ES­
59,
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
68,
ES­
89,
2­
2,
2­
6,
2­
8­
12,
2­
15,
2­
25,
2­
55,  
2­
58,
2­
59,
2­
63,
2­
67,
2­
70,
6­
3  
NAICS
2331
.............................
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
2­
2,
2­
8,
2­
9,
2­
11­
13,
2­
15,
2­
28,
2­
29,
2­
58,
2­
59,
2­
63,
2­
67,  
2­
70,
6­
5  
NAICS
234
..............................
ES­
59,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
66,
ES­
68,
2­
6,
2­
8­
10,
2­
12,
2­
16,
2­
25,
2­
27,
2­
29,  
2­
39,
2­
55,
2­
58,
2­
59,
2­
64,
2­
67,
2­
70,
5­
14  
NAICS
235
........................
ES­
59,
ES­
61,
ES­
69,
2­
3,
2­
6,
2­
8,
2­
9,
2­
11,
2­
13,
2­
29,
2­
55,
2­
67,
2­
70,
6­
5,
6­
14  
NAICS
23593
...........................
ES­
59,
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
65­
68,
2­
3,
2­
6,
2­
8­
12,
2­
14,
2­
16,
2­
19,
2­
26,
2­
27,  
2­
30,
2­
58,
2­
59,
2­
61­
63,
2­
65,
2­
66,
2­
68,
2­
69  
NAICS
23594
..............................................................................
2­
8,
2­
10,
2­
66  
National
Association
of
Home
Builders
(NAHB)
...........
ES­
57,
ES­
66,
ES­
71,
ES­
73,
ES­
97,
1­
7,
2­
8,
2­
26,
2­
27,
2­
79,
2­
80,
4­
4,
4­
5,
4­
10,
4­
11,
4­
15­
17,
4­
49,
4­
67,
4­
68,
4­
76,
4­
77,
4A­
1­
3,
4A­
5,
4B­
1­
5,
5­
23,
6­
11  
National
Governors
Association
(NGA)
..............................................................
2­
46,
2­
80  
11­
2  
Index
(
cont.
)

Page(
s)

National
Pollutant
Discharge
Elimination
System
(
NPDES)
........
ES­
56,
ES­
57,
ES­
59,
ES­
67,
ES­
73­
75,
1­
1­
4,
1­
6,
2­
5,
2­
6,
2­
26,
2­
27,
2­
29,
3­
1­
4,
3­
6,
4­
2,
4­
3,
4­
7,
4­
17,
4­
48,  
4­
53,
4­
54,
4­
75,
4­
78,
5­
2,
5­
7,
5­
35,
6­
5,
6­
11,
6­
17  
National
Resources
Inventory
(NRI)
.............................................
1­
6,
4­
45­
47,
4­
53,
4­
54,
4­
78,
5­
7  
New
Community
Design
(NCD)
.....................................................
2­
46,
2­
47,
2­
48,
2­
50,
2­
79  
New
Source
Performance
Standards
(NSPS)
..................................................
ES­
74,
3­
2,
4­
6,
4­
7  
nonemployer
establishments
.......................................................................
2­
11,
2­
12  
non­
residential
construction
..................................................................
4­
69,
4­
71,
5­
27  
North
American
Industrial
Classification
System
(NAICS)
.............................................
2­
2,
2­
5,
6­
3  
Notice
of
Intent
(NOI)
................................................................................
1­
6  
Notice
of
Termination
(NOT)
.......................................................................
3­
5,
3­
10  
operation
and
maintenance
(O&
M)
..........................................
ES­
94,
ES­
95,
4­
6,
4­
58,
9­
1,
9­
4,
10­
2  
payroll
..............................................................
ES­
61,
ES­
63,
ES­
68,
2­
2,
2­
9,
4­
41,
4­
42  
permittee(
s)
................................
ES­
59,
ES­
67,
1­
3,
2­
6,
2­
27,
2­
29,
3­
2,
3­
4,
3­
5,
3­
6,
6­
5,
6­
12,
6­
14,
6­
18  
Phase
I
.............................................
ES­
75,
1­
2,
2­
5,
3­
1,
3­
3,
4­
2,
4­
17,
4­
75,
5­
2,
5­
35,
6­
15,
6­
16  
Phase
II
....................................
ES­
57,
ES­
75,
1­
2,
1­
3,
1­
7,
2­
5,
2­
81,
3­
1,
3­
3,
4­
2,
4­
3,
4­
17,
4­
48,
4­
53,  
4­
54,
4­
75,
4­
78,
5­
2,
5­
7,
5­
35,
6­
12,
6­
15,
6­
17,
7­
13  
post­
construction
..............................................................
ES­
74,
1­
3,
3­
2,
3­
8,
4­
12,
6­
12  
potentially
affected
entities
..............................
ES­
57,
ES­
67,
ES­
68,
ES­
70,
ES­
89,
1­
1,
1­
4­
7,
2­
4,
2­
9,
2­
25,  
2­
27­
30,
4­
36­
38,
6­
2,
6­
5,
6­
9,
6­
10,
6­
14,
10­
1,
10­
2  
Pretreatment
Standards
for
Existing
Sources
(PSES)
.........................................................
3­
2  
Pretreatment
Standards
for
New
Sources
(PSNS)
...........................................................
3­
2  
principal,
interest,
taxes,
and
insurance
(PITI)
..................................
2­
52,
4­
59,
4­
60,
4­
61,
4­
67,
4­
68,
4­
69  
producer
surplus
............................................................................
4­
72,
5­
31,
9­
2  
profit
margin
...................................................................................
2­
75,
4­
14  
quick
ratio
....................................................................................
2­
70,
2­
73  
rainfall
...............................................................................
1­
3,
3­
11,
4­
73,
6­
17  
Regulatory
Flexibility
Act
(RFA)
.........................
ES­
56,
ES­
58,
ES­
88,
ES­
97,
1­
1,
1­
8,
2­
1,
6­
1,
6­
5,
6­
10,
6­
11  
remodelers
...................................................................
ES­
66,
ES­
67,
2­
12,
2­
26,
2­
27  
remodeling
..................................
ES­
57,
ES­
58,
ES­
66­
68,
ES­
97,
2­
2,
2­
8,
2­
12,
2­
26­
28,
2­
80,
4­
37,
6­
5  
residential
construction
...........................
2­
2,
2­
31,
2­
32,
2­
54,
2­
55,
2­
79,
4­
4,
4­
9,
4­
15,
4­
26­
28,
4­
34,
4­
36,  
4­
38,
4­
46,
4­
49,
4­
58,
4­
69,
4­
71,
4­
77,
4B­
2,
5­
7,
5­
9,
5­
10,
5­
12,
5­
24,
5­
27,
6­
7,
6­
14  
return
on
assets
.................................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
return
on
equity
....................................................................................
2­
75  
return
on
net
worth
...................................
ES­
79,
ES­
81,
2­
74,
2­
75,
4­
28,
4­
29,
4­
31,
4­
32,
4­
40,
5­
10­
16  
return
on
sales
.................................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
runoff
.........................................
ES­
56,
ES­
93,
1­
3,
1­
4,
1­
8,
2­
1,
2­
48,
2­
50,
3­
6­
9,
4­
12,
5­
38,
6­
13,
6­
17,
7­
1,
7­
7,
7­
9,
7­
13  
sales
to
inventory
ratio
...........................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
sales
to
net
working
capital
ratio
...................................................................
2­
74,
2­
75  
sediment
..............................
ES­
56,
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
ES­
91­
93,
1­
1,
1­
3­
5,
2­
28,
2­
48,
3­
2­
7,
3­
9­
11,
4­
1,
5­
24,  
5­
38,
5­
39,
6­
12,
6­
13,
6­
16,
7­
1­
10,
7­
12,
8­
70,
8­
71  
single­
family
construction
................
ES­
60,
ES­
68­
71,
ES­
73,
ES­
75,
ES­
76,
ES­
78­
84,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
ES­
90,
ES­
91,  
1­
5,
2­
7,
2­
9,
2­
10,
2­
18­
20,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
28­
30,
2­
32,
2­
35,
2­
44,
2­
45,  
2­
50,
2­
60,
2­
72,
2­
79,
4­
3,
4­
5,
4­
8­
10,
4­
13,
4­
15,
4­
16,
4­
18,
4­
26­
28,
4­
34,  
4­
36­
38,
4­
45­
49,
4­
53­
57,
4­
72,
4­
77,
4A­
1­
5,
4B­
1­
14,
5­
17­
23,
5­
25,  
5­
26,
5­
29­
32,
5­
34,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
8,
6­
10,
6­
14,
6­
18,
6­
19  
small
business
........................
ES­
56,
ES­
58,
ES­
68,
ES­
70,
ES­
88­
91,
ES­
97,
1­
1,
1­
8,
2­
1,
2­
3,
2­
11,
2­
22,
2­
25,  
2­
81,
4­
42,
4­
78,
6­
1,
6­
2,
6­
3,
6­
4,
6­
5,
6­
7,
6­
9,
6­
10,
6­
11,
6­
16,
6­
18,
6­
20,
6­
21  
Small
Business
Administration
(SBA)
..................
ES­
68,
ES­
88,
ES­
97,
2­
3,
2­
4,
2­
10,
2­
21,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
81,
4­
42,
4­
78,
6­
2,
6­
3,
6­
4,
6­
6,
6­
10,
6­
18,
6­
20  
Small
Business
Advocacy
Review
(SBAR)
.............................................
ES­
88,
6­
1,
6­
10,
6­
11,
6­
16  
11­
3  
Index
(
cont.
)

Page(
s)

Small
Business
Regulatory
Enforcement
Fairness
Act
(SBREFA)
..................
ES­
56,
ES­
58,
ES­
88,
ES­
97,
1­
1,
1­
8,  
2­
1,
6­
1,
6­
10,
6­
11
6­
10,
6­
11,
6­
16,
6­
18,
6­
20,
6­
21  
small
entities
...................................................
ES­
68,
ES­
69,
ES­
88,
ES­
89,
2­
3,
2­
9,
2­
10,
2­
11,
2­
21,
2­
25,
4­
2,
6­
1,
6­
2,
6­
5,
6­
11,
6­
14,
6­
17  
specialization
ratio
..........................................................................
2­
9,
2­
18,
2­
20  
storm
water
..............................
ES­
56­
58,
ES­
67,
ES­
73­
75,
ES­
87,
ES­
93,
1­
1­
4,
1­
7,
1­
8,
2­
1,
2­
5,
2­
47­
49,  
2­
79,
2­
81,
3­
1­
5,
3­
7­
9,
3­
11,
4­
2,
4­
3,
4­
6,
4­
15,
4­
17­
19,
4­
21,
4­
48,
4­
51,
4­
53,  
4­
54,
4­
58,
4­
73­
75,
4­
76,
4­
77,
4­
78,
4B­
4,
5­
2,
5­
7­
9,
5­
35,
5­
39,
6­
5,
6­
12,
6­
13,
6­
15,
7­
7,
7­
8,
7­
13,
9­
2  
storm
water
pollution
prevention
plan
(SWPPP)
..........................
ES­
73,
ES­
74,
1­
3,
3­
2,
3­
6,
3­
7,
3­
8,
3­
9,
6­
12  
subdevelopment
.....................................................
ES­
61,
2­
3,
2­
9,
2­
11,
2­
12,
2­
66,
2­
68,
2­
69  
subdivision
...........................
ES­
58,
ES­
60,
ES­
63,
ES­
65,
ES­
68,
ES­
89,
1­
5,
2­
1,
2­
2,
2­
7,
2­
8,
2­
10,
2­
13­
16,  
2­
19,
2­
22,
2­
24,
2­
25,
2­
46,
2­
48,
2­
61,
2­
65,
2­
66,
2­
68,
2­
69,
4­
5,
4­
10,
4­
17,
6­
3,
6­
4  
supply
.............................
ES­
73,
ES­
86,
ES­
87,
2­
4,
2­
30,
2­
31,
2­
44,
2­
46,
2­
48,
2­
54,
2­
69,
2­
79,
4­
6,
4­
58,  
4­
59,
4­
63­
67,
4­
72,
5­
30,
7­
4,
9­
2,
9­
3  
surplus
..................................................................
4­
66,
4­
72,
5­
29,
5­
31,
7­
3,
7­
10,
9­
2  
Survey
of
Construction
...............................................................................
2­
31  
system
enhancement
...............................................................................
2­
41­
43  
system
expansion
.................................................................................
2­
41­
43  
system
preservation
...............................................................................
2­
41­
43  
Total
Maximum
Daily
Load
(TMDL)
....................................................................
1­
3  
total
suspended
solids
(TSS)
.................................................
ES­
91,
3­
2,
7­
7,
7­
8,
7­
9,
7­
10,
8­
71  
Unfunded
Mandates
Reform
Act
(UMRA)
...........................
ES­
56,
ES­
95,
1­
1,
1­
8,
5­
37,
5­
39,
9­
5,
10­
1,
10­
2  
value
of
business
done
......................................................................
2­
12,
2­
58,
2­
61  
value
of
construction
work
..........................
ES­
65,
lxii,
2­
18,
2­
20,
2­
32,
2­
39,
2­
55,
2­
57­
62,
2­
69,
4­
26,
4­
75,  
10­
2­
4  
value
put
in
place
............................................................
ES­
57,
1­
6,
2­
32,
2­
37,
2­
38,
2­
80  
watershed(
s)
.............................................
4­
16,
4­
34,
4­
49,
4­
76,
4A­
1,
6­
13,
7­
2,
7­
4,
7­
6,
7­
8,
8­
70  
welfare
..........................
ES­
94,
2­
18,
2­
19,
4­
58,
4­
59,
4­
66,
4­
67,
4­
69,
4­
72,
5­
24,
5­
30,
5­
31,
7­
2,
7­
3,
7­
10,  
9­
2,
9­
3  
willingness
to
pay
....................................................................................
7­
3  
11­
4  
2002
$
300
Official
Office
EPA­
821­
R­
02­
008
Penalty
Business
of
May,
Water
for
Private
Use
