
                                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                            WASHINGTON D.C., 20460
                                       
                     OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION





MEMORANDUM								Date: May 21, 2014

	DP Barcode: D415627
	PC Code 129081



SUBJECT:	Drinking Water Exposure Assessment for the Section 3 New Use Registration of  Sulfentrazone on Apples

TO:		Barbara Madden, Risk Manager
            Laura Nollen, Risk Manager Reviewer
            Registration Division (7504P)
            
            George Kramer, Chemist
            Charles W. Smith III, Chief
            Risk Assessment Branch 1
            Health Effects Division (7509P)

FROM:	Michael R. Barrett, Senior Chemist
            Environmental Risk Branch V 
            Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

THROUGH:	Mah T. Shamim, Ph.D., Chief
            Environmental Risk Branch V
		Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

EFED has evaluated the proposed new use on apples and reassessed current uses for an updated assessment of drinking water exposure to the sulfentrazone residues of concern (parent + 3-caboxylic acid sulfentrazone or 3CAS.)  See Appendix A for chemical identities and structures of sulfentrazone and 3CAS. This updated assessment also supports the registration review of sulfentrazone. The recommended values to be used in the drinking water exposure assessment are as follows:

   * Acute exposure: 134 ug/L (ppb)  -  estimated in groundwater with PRZM-GW model
   * Chronic exposure (for cancer risk): 98 ug/L  -  estimated in groundwater with PRZM-GW model
      
The highest surface water values (these were lower than for groundwater) modeled were:
   * Acute exposure: 37.3 ug/L (ppb)  -  estimated in surface water with PRZM-EXAMS model
   * Chronic exposure (for cancer risk): 8.3 ug/L  -  estimated in surface water with PRZM-EXAMS model

The above values are the highest of all groundwater and surface water scenarios modeled and determined to appropriately represent the current and proposed uses of sulfentrazone herbicide. EFED used the PRZM/EXAMS model for surface water and the PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW models for groundwater. Additional details on the modeling procedures and results are provided below. 

The assessment incorporates some new methodology for the total residues of sulfentrazone including the use of a new groundwater exposure model not available for previous assessments. The highest exposure estimates are from model estimates for groundwater sources; significant exposure potential from groundwater sources has also been shown by the results of four small-scale prospective groundwater monitoring studies.


         Drinking Water Exposure Assessment for the Section 3 New Use 
                   Registration of  Sulfentrazone on Apples
Table of Contents
Background	4
Current and Proposed Uses Summary	4
Analysis Plan	6
Environmental Fate of Sulfentrazone and Model Input	7
Sulfentrazone Monitoring Data	11
Prospective Small-Scale Groundwater Studies	11
Other Surface and Ground Water Monitoring Data	14
Exposure Analysis	15
Modeling Results Summary	15
Comparison of Targeted Monitoring Data to Groundwater Modeling Results	18
Appendix A: Identities and Chemical Structures for Sulfentrazone Residues of Concern	20
Appendix B: Drinking Water Exposure Modeling Input and Output Details	22
Groundwater Modeling (PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW Models)	22
Surface Water Modeling (EXPRESS or PE5 Shell using PRZM-EXAMS)	25
Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations by Scenario	25
Example EXPRESS Project (Input) File for PRZM-EXAMS	28
Example PE5 PRZM-EXAMS Shell Input file and Output Summary	35








Background

Current and Proposed Uses Summary

New uses have been requested for sulfentrazone on apples.  A summary of current uses and the proposed use is provided in Table 1. The proposed use on apples carries the maximum single and annual application rates for all currently registered uses (0.375 lb ai/ A; other use sites with the same maximum rates are identified in Table 1.

Table 1. Application information for registered use sites and the apples proposed use of sulfentrazone.
                      Crop or Non-Agricultural Use Si`te
                    Single Min, lb ai/A product; All sites
                      Rates vary by soil texture / %O.M.?
                             Max # Appli-cations.
                             Aerial appli-cation? 
                            Minim. Interval (days)
                                   PHI, days
                     Maxim. single (1st) applic., lb ai/A
                          Maxim. Annual Rate, lb ai/A
                                 PROPOSED USE:
Apples
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                      2*
                                      No
                                      60
                                      14
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
                                 CURRENT USES:
Brassica leafy greens
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.2000
                                    0.2200
Corn (GMO tolerant to PPO herbic.)
                                     0.094
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.1875
                                    0.3750
Corn (GMO tolerant to PPO herbic.)
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.2500
                                    0.3750
Cowpeas succu. (TN)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.1875
                                    0.1875
Dry beans & peas (NO SD MT MN WY CO NE KS Wl Ml OR ID WA OR WIT)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Fallow, Postharv. Burndown
                                     0.094
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Horseradish ((MN ND SD MT CO NE WY ID WA OR Wl Ml)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Lima beans succul. (TN)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                     NS[2]
                                    0.1875
                                    0.1875
Melons
                                     0.250
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Peanuts (AL, GA, MS, NC, SC, VA)
                                     0.150
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.2500
                                    0.3000
Potatoes
                                     0.094
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Rhubarb
                                     0.250
                                      No
                                     1.000
                                      NS
                                      NA
                                      46
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Soybeans
                                     0.141
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.2484
                                    0.2500
Succulent Peas
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.1875
                                    0.1875
Sunflower subgr. 20B
                                     0.094
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Turnips
                                     0.250
                                      No
                                     1.000
                                      NS
                                      NA
                                       3
                                    0.2500
                                    0.2500
Wheat - spring (ID, OR, WA)
                                     0.188
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    ca. 120
                                    0.1875
                                    0.1875
Apples
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                      2*
                                      No
                                      60
                                      14
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Asparagus
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      14
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Berries
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                       2
                                      NS
                                      60
                                       3
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Brassica h&s (Broccoli, Cabbage
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Cabbage transplanted (MN ND SD MT CO NE WY ID WA OR Wl or Ml)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Citrus
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                       2
                                      NS
                                      60
                                       3
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Flax (ND SD MT MN WY CO NE KS)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Fruiting veg. & Okra (except cucurbits)
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Grapes
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                       2
                                      NS
                                      60
                                       3
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Mint
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Railroad, Highway, Roadside, Pipeline and Utility Rights-of-Way, Industrial Areas, Fence Rows, and Other listed Non-crop Sites
                                     0.250
                                      No
                                     1.000
                                     Yes*
                                      NA
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Soybeans
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Strawberry
                                     0.070
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Sugarcane
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      120
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Tobacco
                                     0.141
                                      Yes
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Tree nuts
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                       2
                                      NS
                                      60
                                       3
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
Turf: Sod Production, lawns, golf fairways and roughs
                                     0.125
                                      No
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                      NS
                                  90 for sod
                                    0.3750
                                    0.3750
NS=not specified


Analysis Plan

For the current assessment, a complete update of the drinking water exposure assessment was undertaken to reflect new exposure modeling capabilities in EFED (especially PRZM-GW or Pesticide Root Zone Model which allows for Tier 2 and site-specific modeling of exposure from groundwater sources.) Additionally, this fully updated review of drinking water exposure supports the current Registration Review for sulfentrazone. The exposure models and versions used in this assessment include:

   1. PRZM-GW version 1.07 (compiled 3/14/2014) for Tier 1 and Tier 2 groundwater modeling.
   2. SCI-GROW (Screening Concentration In GROund Water) version 2.3; for Tier 1 groundwater modeling
   3. PRZM-EXAMS (Pesticide Root Zone Model  -  Exposure Analysis Modeling System) including  PRZM version 3.12.2, compiled 5/12/2005 and  EXAMS version 2.98.04.06 compiled 4/25/2005.

More information on current EFED models is provided here:
pphttp://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/


Previous estimates of sulfentrazone residues in drinking water were done separately for parent and the 3-carboxylic acid sulfentrazone (3CAS) degradate. Sulfentrazone and its 3CAS degradate have a potential to reach both surface and ground-waters that may be used as drinking water sources. This review updates our assessment with more current models and has now taken a total toxic residues (TTR) approach to assessing exposure  -  this approach is adequate for the Health Effects Division assumption of equal toxicity of parent and degradate.

Environmental Fate of Sulfentrazone and Model Input

Sulfentrazone and its 3CAS degradate are highly persistent and mobile in the environment (for example, model input values for aerobic soil metabolism was a first order degradation half-life of 875 days and a Koc value of 29 ml/g). A summary of sulfentrazone and the total toxic residues (TTR) or residues of concern (ROC) environmental fate properties from the available studies and the corresponding drinking water exposure model input selection values is provided in Table 2. 


Table 2.  Physical/chemical Properties and Environmental Fate Properties of Sulfentrazone.
                                   PARAMETER
                                   VALUE(S) 
                SOURCE (Study Acceptability Classification)[a]
                                   COMMENTS
Molecular Structure
                                       
                                       
                                       
Chemical Name (common)
Sulfentrazone

CAS Number	
122836-35-5

Name
IUPAC Name: 2′,4′-Dichloro-5′-(4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanesulfonanilide
CAS Name: N-[2,4-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide


Chemical Class 

Mode of Action
Aryl triazinone.

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) Inhibitor / 
Inhibits an enzyme of chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis.

https://ag.purdue.edu/btny/weedscience/Documents/47575_FINAL_TakeAction_HerbicideClassChart.pdf

http://pnwhandbooks.org/weed/agrichemicals/sulfentrazone

http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/prm6487

Molecular Formula
C11H10Cl2F2N4O3S
-

Molecular Weight
387.2
 Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11[th]  ed. (1997)

Solubility 
in water, ppm (25 [o]C)
400 @ pH 7.0
 
Product Chemistry Submissions

Vapor Pressure (25[o]C)
In mm Hg
9.75x10[-10] 
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 1126

Henry's Law Constant, atm-cu m/mole
(25 oC) 
6.37x10[-13]
Calculated
Not volatile
Hydrolysis Half-life @ pH7
(25 [o]C)
(GL 835. 
143 days at pH 5, 
207-375 days at pH 7,
348 days at pH 9 
( 25 C)
41928202 (a)
No major degradates over the 30-day study. 
For DW modeling input, used 375-day half-life for parent and no hydrolysis beyond the 3-carboxylic acid degradate for the TTR.
Aqueous Photolysis 
Half-life (25 [o]C)
pH 5 = 0.50 days
pH 7 and 9 = 0.05 days
MRID 43345424, 43588601 (a)
Not used for TTR modeling. See soil photolysis section.
Soil Photolysis 
Half-life (25 [o]C)
Sand soil = 98 days
Sandy loam soil = 161 days
3-hydroxymethyl metabolite reached a maximum of 3.9% of applied after 1 or 2 weeks (sampling continued for 33 days for both test soils.)
MRID  43345425 (a)
Value used for TTRs assuming more limited exposure to sunlight of residues in drinking waters. 
Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life (ASM) (T1/2)
T (1/2): 
1.) 545 days parent, 746 days TTR in sandy loam soil 
2.) 538 days parent, 622 days TTR in silty clay loam soil (25 C)  
The major accumulating degradate was 3-carboxylic acid sulfentrazone  which reached a maximum of 10.8%, but decline of parent was limited.  
Soil descriptions:
1.) WI (Saulk Co.) Thurston sandy loam soil (70% sand, 18% s i l t . 12% clay. 1.6% O.M., pH 6.7, CEC 5.8 meq/100 g
2.) IL (LaSalle Co.) silty clay loam soil (17% sand, 45% s i l t . 38% clay. 4.8% O.M., pH 6.4, CEC 26 meq/100 g

MRIDs 41928203, 42932117  (a)
For TTR, 90% Upper C.I. of mean t1/2 = 875  days.
For parent sulfentrazone, 90% Upper C.I. of mean t1/2 = 552.3 days (input for PE5)
Due to the high persistence of parent in these studies it is not possible to determine the ultimate extent of formation or the decline rates of the degradation products. Initially a 3-hydroxymethyl metabolite is formed which subsequently is further oxidized to a 3-carboxylic acid metabolite.
Anaerobic Soil Metabolism
Half-life (days)
Stable (but anaerobicity was not sufficiently documented
MRID 48958901
Study classified as supplemental but not a required study.
Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism
Half-life (days)
In a water: loamy sand sediment system = 3,283
MRID 43345426 (a)
For aquatic exposure modeling (both parent and TTR) assumes that this input value is a zero rate (per EFED Guidance).
Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half-life (days)
Study results not accepted at this time. More data are being requested.

Reported results (not cleared for use in exposure assessment):
679 SFO
Pond water: silty clay loam sediment (20ºC, sediment pH 6.1; 5.1% OM)
612 SFO
Canal water: sandy loam sediment system (20ºC, sediment pH 6.0; 2.1% OM)
90% Upper C.I. of mean t1/2 = 748.6 days (input for PE5)



MRID 48958902 (s)


With no accepted data at this time, input (half-life) for PE5 is 2x ASM. 
For model input use:
1,105 days for parent.
1,750 days for Total Toxic Residues (TTR)



Soil Partition Coefficient (Kd) (mL/g)
1. Jackson sandy loam, 3.8% OM, pH 6.9
2. Georgetown silt loam, 5.9% OM, pH 7.1
3. Troy Grove silty clay loam, 3.9% OM, pH 7.0
4. Tavares sand, 0.4% OM, pH 6.0
Respective Kf values:
0.55; 0.77; 0.77 and 0.15
Respective n values:
1.01; 1.03; 1.09; 0.98 
MRID 41911604 (Batch equilibrium soil Adsorption/Desorption study. (a)
See also 43355903 (column leaching study)
Freundlich Kdes values were 1.23-1.44 for the four soils. 
Not used for drinking water exposure model input.
Organic Carbon Partition
Coefficient (Koc) (mL/goc)
See Kd entry above for soil id.
Respective Kfoc values: 
29, 26, 40, 77


MRID 41911604.

For PRZM modeling, chose Koc = 29 (median of the 3 non-sand soil values) for model input. Koc adequately accounts for adsorption.  This value used for both parent and TTR modeling.
Log Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow )(25[◦]C) 
Log Kow = 0.99 @ pH 7
Kow= 9.9


Terrestrial Field Dissipation Half-life
4 to 24 months at 4 sites.




MRIDs 43651008, 43651009, 43345434. (a)
Leaching was further evaluated in four prospective groundwater monitoring studies  -  discussed in text of this document.
Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) in fish
Negligible
MRID 43345433
BCF study normally is not triggered when the Kow is <<< 1000
pKa  (acid dissociation constant)
6.56
Hatzios KK, ed; Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Suppl. Champaign, IL: Weed Sci Soc Amer p. 67 (1998)

[a] Study classification (a) = acceptable study ; (s) = supplemental study



Sulfentrazone Monitoring Data

The most relevant data available to support and characterize this drinking water exposure assessment are derived from four small-scale prospective groundwater monitoring studies that were submitted by the registrant to EPA; the monitoring results of these studies are summarized in Table 7. A brief summary of other available monitoring data is also provided below.

Prospective Small-Scale Groundwater Studies

The small-scale prospective groundwater monitoring study is required for certain pesticides with high field leaching potential under the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OSCPP) Guideline no. 835.7100. These studies provide detailed characterization of the amount of leaching and impacts on shallow unconfined aquifers of the pesticide and its degradates. The sites chosen for these studies overlie groundwater that is relatively vulnerable to contamination and is capable of serving as source water for drinking. 

The registrant, FMC Corporation, has conducted prospective ground-water monitoring studies at four sites (described in Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6). The first study conducted (the >95[th] %ile study) was not completed before it had to be terminated.  Three additional studies were required based on the original registration at the time of sulfentrazone for soybeans. Selection of the three sites was to approximately represent the 75[th], 85[th], and 95[th] percentile vulnerability of ground water in the projected use area  using currently available resources such as soil, hydrology, crop production, and weather data in conjunction  with fate and transport models and general pesticide monitoring data.  These sites are referred by the shorthand notation of the 75%, 85%, and 95% sites.  A short description of the four study sites is provided in the tables below.


Table 3. Description of "95th percentile " ground-water vulnerability site IN2.  

Soil
Series:  Tyner loamy sand.  
Family: Mixed.
Subgroup: Mesic Typic Udipsamments.
Characteristics at test site:
Surface layer typically 80% sand, 12% silt, and 8% clay with 1.0 to 1.7% o.m.  Grades to a sand texture at 1 to 5 feet and below (up to 97% sand). Acidic (pH 4.7 to 7.0), becoming alkaline below 16 or 18 feet.
(DP Barcode D255967, no MRID assigned; 5/4/99 report, page 29f.)
Location1
Hanna, LaPorte County, Indiana.
Crop
Soybeans
Pesticide
6/11/99: sulfentrazone @ 0.14 lbs ai/acre (the target application rate was 0.17 lbs ai/acre).
Tracer
6/11/99: 81.7 (100.5?) lbs bromide /acre (two different rates given, presumably representing actual confirmed and nominal application rates, respectively.)
Depth to ground water
Average of 18 feet below ground surface.



Table 4. Description of "85th percentile " ground-water vulnerability site IN1.  

Soil
Series:  Shipshe sandy loam.
Family:  Loamy-skeletal, mixed.
Subgroup: Mesic Typic Argiudoll.
Characteristics at test site:
Surface layer sandy loam, 60% sand, 23% silt, and 17% clay with 3.2 to 4.8% organic matter.  Grading to sand below about 3 feet.  Acidic (pH 5.6 to 6.9), alkaline below about 3 feet, mean pH above 8 below 4 foot depth. (MRID 447733-01, DP Barcode D254419, page 65).
Location
Leesburg, Kosciusko County, Indiana.
Crop
Soybeans
Pesticide
6/23/98: sulfentrazone @ 0.2 lbs ai/acre ; 6/14/99: sulfentrazone to one-half of field @ 0.2 lbs ai/acre.
Tracer
6/23/98: 105 lbs bromide/acre
Depth to ground water
27 to 33 feet



Table 5. Description of "75th percentile " ground-water vulnerability site IN3.  

Soil
Series: Coupee silt loam.  
Family: Mixed.
Subgroup: Mesic Ultic Hapludulfs.
Characteristics at test site:
Surface layer (up to about a 2-foot depth) typically loam to clay loam  with approximately 25 to 50% sand, 25 to 45% silt, and 10 to 35% clay with, in the upper six inches 3.9 to 4.6% o.m., grading down to around 0.5% o.m. below 2 feet. Grades to a loamy sand texture from 2 to 6 feet and is predominantly sand below 6 feet (up to 97% sand).   The soil is generally mildly acidic to occasionally  mildly alkaline in the upper two feet (pH 5.1 to 7.5), the pH is variable in the same general range up to about a 14-foot depth, and the remaining part of the vadose zone is alkaline from 14 to 30 feet below ground surface with a median pH of about 8.5 at the lower depths (DP Barcode D279430, MRID 453772-01; 3/16/01 report date, received 12/3/01; see page 72f for summary statistics of soil characteristics )
Location
2 miles south of the town of LaPorte, LaPorte County, Indiana.
Crop
Soybeans
Pesticide
6/20/00: sulfentrazone @ 0.204 lbs ai/acre (the target application rate was 0.20 lbs ai/acre).
Tracer
6/20/00: 102 lbs bromide/acre (as 152 lbs KBr).
Depth to ground water
Average of 21 feet below ground surface (original measurement, believed to represent seasonally high levels).


Table 6. . Description of ">95th percentile " ground-water vulnerability site NC1.  

Soil
Series: Tarboro loamy sand.  
Characteristics at test site:
Profile:  >90% sand throughout the profile., Surface O.M. <1.5% and rapidly declining with depth.
Location
Edgecombe County, North Carolina.
Crop
Soybeans
Pesticide
~5/15/1992: sulfentrazone @ 0.5 lbs ai/acre.

Tracer
5/14/1992: 263 lbs bromide/acre (as 400 lbs KBr).

Depth to ground water
From 6 to 10 feet below ground surface.





Maximum groundwater concentrations observed in each of the four studies are summarized in (Table 7). The four sites were selected by the registrant to be representative of >95[th] (NC1 site), 95[th] (IN1 site), 85[th] (IN2 site), and 75[th] (IN3 site) percentile groundwater vulnerability in likely sulfentrazone use areas at the time of the studies. The results indicate that sulfentrazone or the acid degradate SCA may eventually leach to groundwater at a wide variety of sites where it is used. Whether parent sulfentrazone or SCA are the dominant moiety found in groundwater over the long-term will likely depend on the relative resistance to hydrolysis of sulfentrazone in the vadose zone and in groundwater from site to site. Long-term observed concentrations may be higher than those observed if sulfentrazone continues to be used at a site over multiple years.

Table 7. Maximum observed concentrations of sulfentrazone and its acid degradate in shallow groundwater below or immediately downgradient of treated fields at four sites.
Chemical
                                     NC1 
                                     Site
                                     IN1 
                                     Site
                                      IN2
                                     Site
                                     IN3 
                                     Site
                                       

          Concentration in ppb (days after initial applicat. of obs.)
Sulfentrazone
                                     37.4
                                    (160d)
                                     0.86 
                                    (577d)
                                     0.11
                                    (153d)
                                     0.26
                                    (634d)
                                       
3-Carboxylic Acid Sulfentrazone
                                     11.4
                                    (160d)
                                     2.50 
                                    (455d)
                                     <5
                                  (variable)
                                     1.61
                                    (1499d)
                                       
SITE DESCRIPTIONS:
NC1 (>95[th] site ) = The test site was located near the town of Tarboro in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, and was located in a setting classified as very high vulnerability to groundwater contamination. Soil series = Tarboro sand to loamy sand. Sulfentrazone application rate = 0.50 lb ai/acre. (MRID 43345434 and 43926814). Average depth to groundwater = 9.2 feet.  


IN1(95[th] site) = The test site was located near the town of Leesburg in Kosciusko County, Indiana, and was located in a setting classified as 85th percentile in terms of vulnerability to groundwater contamination. Soil series = Tyner loamy sand to sandy loam. Sulfentrazone application rate = 0.17 lb ai/acre. Average depth to groundwater = 18.9 feet. (MRID 46816001).  

IN2 (85[th] site  = The test site was located near the town of Hanna in LaPorte County, Indiana, and was located in a setting classified as 95th percentile in terms of vulnerability to groundwater contamination. Soil series = Shipshe loamy sand to sandy loam. Sulfentrazone application rate = 0.22 to 0.44 lb ai/acre. Average depth to groundwater = 30 feet.  (MRID 47453601).

IN3 (75[th] site) = The test site was located near the town of La Porte in LaPorte County, Indiana, and was located in a setting classified as 75th percentile in terms of vulnerability to groundwater contamination. Soil series = Coupee silt loam. Sulfentrazone application rate = 0.22 lb ai/acre. Average depth to groundwater = 21 feet.  (MRID 47453602).
                                       



Other Surface and Ground Water Monitoring Data

Surface and ground water data from other available pesticide monitoring programs were reviewed to provide additional context concerning the potential presence of sulfentrazone in ambient water resources. In most major monitoring programs for pesticides in surface and ground waters sulfentrazone has not been included in the list of analytes. No significant detections were located in any of the following sources:

These water monitoring programs do not target sample collection to peak use locations or application times for particular pesticides, nor do they target sample collection to high precipitation events (i.e., high-runoff events) or areas highly vulnerable to groundwater contamination. Additionally, the sampling frequency in these monitoring programs was not designed to capture peak concentrations. Therefore, the monitoring data reported by these programs may not represent the highest concentrations in ambient surface water, and are considered qualitative information for the purposes of this ecological risk assessment. The groundwater monitoring sites also were not selected based upon sulfentrazone use.

U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment program  -  data query at:
http://cida.usgs.gov/nawqa_queries_public/ 
(only 2 groundwater sample results retrieved, neither had a quantified detection. Sulfentrazone has only recently been added to the analytical schedule for the USGS multi-residue monitoring used in NAWQA and similar monitoring programs. )

U.S. Geological Survey surface water mid-continent herbicide monitoring program: http://co.water.usgs.gov/midconherb/html/sulfonylurea.html).
(sulfentrazone apparently not analyzed for).

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) Data - The PDP drinking water monitoring project provides non-targeted pesticide occurrence data in raw, finished (treated/tap), and groundwater for selected community water systems in the United States. Sulfentrazone has not been reported in surface water or groundwater monitoring data from 2003 to 2012 but it appears to not have been monitored for.  PDP data are available at http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/pdp.

CDPR. 2013. Sampling for Pesticide Residues in California Well Water. 2012 Update. California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation. 262 pp. Sacramento, CA. Available at: www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/emon/pubs/ehapreps/eh0801.pdf 
Sulfentrazone residues were not reported in any of the ground water samples. 


Exposure Analysis

Modeling Results Summary

Table 8 (groundwater EDWCs) and Table 9 (surface water EDWCs) summarize the results from scenarios with higher exposure estimation for the 3 exposure models used: 
   1. Groundwater exposure with PRZM-GW (for the 3 of the 6 standard scenarios determined to well-represent labeled and proposed uses for sulfentrazone.)
   2. Groundwater exposure with SCI-GROW (no site-specific scenario, provides a single screening value.)
   3. Surface water with PRZM-EXAMS "index" reservoir (for the 3 scenario  / input combinations that yielded the highest acute and/or chronic exposure estimates)

Complete modeling results for all of the scenarios can be found in Appendix B: Drinking Water Exposure Modeling Input and Output .  

The highest exposure values were determined with PRZM-GW scenarios that were determined to represent possible exposure from uses allowed on the product labels. Note that for the PRZM-GW three of the six scenario results were, after examination of the sulfentrazone product labels, determined to not be representative of sulfentrazone uses allowed on the label. For example, the label does not allow use on any sand texture soils with organic matter content < 1%.  The label also does not allow use on cotton and the modeling results from a scenario based on the cotton use also were not used. EFED has used, however, one scenario with slightly less than 1% organic matter (the Delmarva scenario) since it does seem to represent well areas where sulfentrazone may be used and there is not likely to be much difference in EDWCs from a soil with 0.9% O.M. compared to 1.0% O.M.


Table 8. PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW estimates of sulfentrazone in groundwater [ug/L].
                                  Groundwater
                                   Scenario
                    Application Date Relative to Emergence
                                       
Topsoil % OM
                        Topsoil Textural Class (% sand)
                             Highest daily value 
                          Post Breakthrough Average 
                             Avg Breakthrough Time
                                    (days)
             Scenarios Representing Labeled Uses for Sulfentrazone
                                   Delmarva
                                   Sw. corn
                                      +10
                                     0.89
                                     Sand
                                     (92%)
                                     98.0
                                     81.0
                                     1417
                                   FL Potato
                                      +10
                                     7.21
                                     Sand 
                                     (93%)
                                     62.1
                                     55.8
                                     1174
                               GA Coastal Plain
                                    Peanut
                                      +10
                                     1.29
                                  Sandy loam
                                     (66%)
                                     40.4
                                     35.0
                                     1693
                            SCI-GROW 2.3 Tier I[1]
SCI-GROW Tier 1
                                      NA
                                   Variable
                           Usually sand or  lm. Sa.
                                     57.5
                                     57.5
                                      NA
Scenarios which Represent Sites for which the Label does not Permit Application[2]
                               FL Central Ridge
                                    Citrus
                                      +10
                                     0.25
                                     Sand
                                     (96%)
                                     92.4
                                     85.1
                                     1007
                               NC Coastal Plain
                                    Cotton
                                      +10
                                     1.05
                                  Loamy sand
                                     (76%)
                                     117.0
                                     92.7
                                     2221
                               WI Central Sands
                                     Corn
                                      +10
                                     0.79
                                     Sand
                                     (95%)
                                     112.0
                                     85.8
                                     2760
NA = not available.
[1] SCI-GROW is a regression model based upon observations at multiple sites with highly permeable (usually sand or loamy sand) soils and shallow unconfined aquifers with the water table about 10 to 25 feet below the surface. This is similar to most of the PRZM-GW standard scenarios.
[2] Reasons for rejection:
FL Citrus = Use not allowed on soil type.
NC Cotton = Site best represents crop not used on.
WI Corn = Use not allowed on soil type. 


Table 9. PRZM/EXAMS estimated surface water EDWCs for sulfentrazone (with PCA[a,]).

                                   Scenario 
                                     State
                                       
                            Crop Basis of Scenario
                          App. Date rel. to Planting

                                 1-in-10 year
                                       
                                  30-year ave
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                     peak
                                 10 yr average
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                    [ug/L]
                Top Ten Scenario Based EDWCs for Acute Exposure
                                      FL
                                   Sugarcane
                                      40
                                     37.3
                                      3.2
                                      1.6
                                      FL
                                    Peppers
                                      40
                                     34.9
                                      4.8
                                      2.8
                                      MS
                                   Sugarcane
                                      40
                                     32.7
                                      4.7
                                      2.5
                                      LA
                                     Corn
                                      -1
                                     31.3
                                      5.3
                                      1.8
                                      FL
                                   Sugarcane
                                      -1
                                     28.0
                                      3.5
                                      1.7
                                      FL
                                    Peppers
                                      -1
                                     22.7
                                      3.1
                                      1.2
                                      FL
                                   Cucumber
                                      -1
                                     19.8
                                      2.4
                                      1.6
                                      FL
                                  Strawberry
                                      40
                                     16.7
                                      2.5
                                      1.6
                                      PA
                                    Citrus
                                      -1
                                     16.5
                                      3.0
                                      1.4
                                      FL
                                    Tomato
                                      40
                                     15.2
                                      3.1
                                      1.5
               Top Ten Scenario Based EDWCs for Chronic Exposure
                                      CA
                                    Citrus
                                      -1
                                     13.4
                                     11.9
                                      8.3
                                      CA
                                    Grapes
                                      -1
                                     12.1
                                     10.2
                                      7.7
                                      MI
                                   Asparagus
                                      -1
                                     10.6
                                      9.1
                                      7.5
                                      CA
                                    Tomato
                                      -1
                                     11.5
                                      8.1
                                      5.0
                                      OR
                                  Xmas Trees
                                      -1
                                      7.7
                                      5.8
                                      4.2
                                      FL
                                     Turf
                                      -1
                                      6.4
                                      4.8
                                      4.1
                                      PA
                                     Turf
                                      -1
                                      6.0
                                      4.6
                                      4.1
                                      ND
                                    Canola
                                      -1
                                      7.1
                                      5.0
                                      3.5
                                      NY
                                    Grapes
                                      -1
                                      6.8
                                      4.1
                                      3.0
                                      OR
                                  Grass seed
                                      -1
                                      6.6
                                      4.3
                                      3.1
[a] PCA (Percent Crop Area) = 0.95 turf and all agricultural land combination
b A is aerial spray and G is ground spray
[c] Application date Month-Day



Further refinement may be possible for the estimates which could potentially lead to lower groundwater exposure estimates, possibly significantly closer to previous estimates. For example, sulfentrazone monitoring data exist from four PGW studies at sites that with the intrinsic groundwater vulnerability in the moderately to high range (A vulnerability analysis was part of the site selection for these studies.)

Comparison of Targeted Monitoring Data to Groundwater Modeling Results

Since the highest model estimates were for groundwater a closer comparison was made of the targeted and well-characterized monitoring data from the four small-scale prospective groundwater monitoring (PGW) studies to the PRZM-GW groundwater model results. The actual application rates associated with the observed concentrations in the PGW studies were adjusted for the maximum label rates according to the soil characteristics of the PGW site (i.e. label rates are varied by soil type for crops with the higher rates  -  see "site specific maximum rate" in Table 10). The result of these adjustments were that the highest observed concentration of the TTR at a maximum label rate is calculated to be 18.3 ug/L which is several times less than the modeled maximum concentration. One possible major reason for the difference between the PRZM-GW values and the observed concentrations is that PRZM-GW is being run with standard Tier I assumptions of application every year at the maximum permitted rate for 30 or more consecutive years. An impact of this assumption for persistent compounds, particularly those with no hydrolysis, is that the pesticide concentration in the aquifer may increase from several years of application before a sort of equilibrium concentration is reached (due to the slow flow through in the aquifer). Should refinement be needed of the drinking water exposure numbers further efforts should focus on matching PRZM-GW simulation inputs to the PGW data and then adjusting PRZM-GW inputs for sulfentrazone TTR simulations in a scientifically justifiable way to provide more certain exposure predictions.


Table 10. Maximum observed concentrations of sulfentrazone and its acid degradate at four sites (adjusted to represent a site specific maximum rate as specified on product labels).
Chemical
                                     NC1 
                                 >95%ile[1]
                                     Site
                                      IN1
                                    95%ile 
                                     Site
                                      IN2
                                    85%ile
                                     Site
                                      IN3
                                    75%ile 
                                     Site
                                       

           Concentration in ppb (days after initial applic. of obs.)
Sulfentrazone
                                     14.03
                                      NA
                                     0.16
                                     0.44
                                       
3-Carboxylic Acid Sulfentrazone
                                     4.28
                                      NA
                                     5.38
                                     2.74
                                       
Total Toxic Residues (parent + 3CAS)[1]
                                     18.30
                                      NA
                                     5.54
                                     3.19
                                       
Actual application rate
                                     0.50
                                     0.17
                                     0.22
                                     0.22
                                       
Site specific maximum rate on label
                                     0.19
                                      NA
                                     0.32
                                     0.38
                                       
[1] Refers to the vulnerability ranking of the registrant for the site based on a survey of soybean production soils. See earlier text for site descriptions.

[2] Actual ug/L. Molecular weights of parent and 3CAS are 387.1 and 417.18, respectively.
NA  -  Not applicable since the IN1 site does not meet current label criteria for applications of products containing sulfentrazone.


Appendix A: Identities and Chemical Structures for Sulfentrazone Residues of Concern


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sulfentrazone 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Full Chemical Names
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IUPAC: 2′,4′-Dichloro-5′-(4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanesulfonanilide
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAS: N-[2,4-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAS No.: 122836-35-5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Formula: C11H10Cl2F2N4O3S
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MW: 387.1 g/mol 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SMILES: CLc1cc(CL)c(NS(=O)(=O)C)cc1N2N=C(C)N(C(F)F)C2(=O)
                                       
                                       


                                       
Sulfentrazone 3-carboxylic acid (SCA)

IUPAC: 1-(2,4-Dichloro-5-(N-(methylsulfonyl)amino)-pheny]-4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-carboxylic acid

CAS: N-[2,4-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamido-3-carboxylic acid

CAS No.: 134391-01-08

Formula: C11H8Cl2F2N4O5S
MW: 417.18 g/mol 
SMILES: CS(=O)(=O)Nc1cc(c(cc1Cl)Cl)n2c(=O)n(c(n2)C(=O)O)C(F)F


                                       







	
Appendix B: Drinking Water Exposure Modeling Input and Output Details

Groundwater Modeling (PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW Models)


PRZM-GW Sample PGI (input) File

Sulfetraz TTR
0
746
True
29
1
1
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
0.42,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
False
1
last
0.0,0.0,0.0
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
future expansion
future expansion
future expansion
future expansion
future expansion
future expansion
future expansion
Wisconsin Corn - WI Central Sands
C:\Models\Inputs\Metfiles\w14920.dvf
0.76
0.36
18
90,100
100
0.25
01
05
21
07
20
10
1
2
0.1
0.9
4.0
9
1.63,1.63,1.68,1.68,1.59,1.59,1.59,1.59
0.24,0.24,0.22,0.22,0.23,0.23,0.23
0.034,0.034,0.025,0.025,0.016,0.016,0.016
0.46,0.46,0.14,0.09,0.09,0.08,0.07,0.07
True
95,95,96,96,97,97,97,97
2.3,2.3,2.5,2.5,1.7,1.7,1.7,1.7
5.6
0.2
50
1



Figure 1. PRZM-GW input file for the WI central sands (based on corn) scenario.



PRZM-GW Model Output


                                   Scenario
                                      ID
                                  Crop Basis
                                   Peak(ppb)
                                 PBT Avg(ppb)
                                    SimAvg
                                  BrkThru(d)
                                  Throughputs
                                  90-day Avg.
DELMARVA_STD.SCN

Sweet Corn
                                                                            134
                                                                             98
                                                                             81
                                                                       1416.943
                                                                       7.734959
                                                                            134
FLCITRUS_STD.SCN

Citrus
                                                                            118
                                                                           92.4
                                                                           85.1
                                                                       1007.226
                                                                       10.88137
                                                                            117
FLPOTATO_STD.SCN

Potato
                                                                           79.6
                                                                           62.1
                                                                           55.8
                                                                       1174.253
                                                                       9.333593
                                                                           79.5
GACOASTAL_STD.SCN

Peanuts
                                                                           50.8
                                                                           40.4
                                                                             35
                                                                       1693.468
                                                                       6.471926
                                                                           50.8
NCCOASTAL_STD.SCN

Cotton
                                                                            173
                                                                            117
                                                                           92.7
                                                                       2220.823
                                                                       4.935106
                                                                            173
WISANDS_STD.SCN

Corn
                                                                            130
                                                                            112
                                                                           85.8
                                                                       2759.691
                                                                       3.971459
                                                                            130



Figure 2. Daily time series output file for PRZM-GW Wisconsin corn / central sands scenario.


Figure 3. FL (Central Ridge) Citrus Scenario  -  sulfentrazone TTR time series.




Figure 4.  NC Coastal Cotton Scenario  -  sulfentrazone TTR time series.





	
SCIGROW Modeling Input and Results
                
                          SCIGROW              

                VERSION 2.2: NOVEMBER 1, 2001                

   RUN No.   1 FOR SULFENTRAZONE       ** INPUT VALUES **       
   --------------------------------------------------------  
    APP RATE   APPS/   TOTAL/     SOIL   AEROBIC SOIL METAB  
    (LBS/AC)   YEAR    SEASON     KOC     HALFLIFE (DAYS)    
   --------------------------------------------------------   
      .375      1       .375      43.0        545.00

   GROUND-WATER SCREENING CONCENTRATION (IN UG/L - PPB)  
   --------------------------------------------------------  
                          15.701670
   --------------------------------------------------------   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Surface Water Modeling (EXPRESS or PE5 Shell using PRZM-EXAMS)

Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations by Scenario

The results for each scenario / application modeled are presented in Table 13 and 14 as generated by the EXPRESS modeling shell. Note that these reflect PCA factors that were later adjusted upward to reflect all allowed use sites. The PCA values in this table were:

46% for corn
41% for soybeans
87% for all other crops


Table 11. Estimated drinking water concentrations in index reservoir, applications made one day prior to planting.
State
Scenar Crop
ExpMedia
1-Day
4-Day
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
LA
Sgc
Limnetic
                                                                         27.971
                                                                         26.961
                                                                         24.264
                                                                         18.096
                                                                          4.563
                                                                          2.025
FL
Sgc
Limnetic
                                                                         26.961
                                                                         22.959
                                                                         19.523
                                                                         13.911
                                                                          3.322
                                                                          1.638
FL
Pep
Limnetic
                                                                         21.811
                                                                         20.958
                                                                         18.331
                                                                         13.389
                                                                          2.996
                                                                          1.182
FL
Cuc
Limnetic
                                                                         19.053
                                                                         18.296
                                                                         15.851
                                                                         11.471
                                                                          2.351
                                                                          1.539
MS
Cor
Limnetic
                                                                         15.898
                                                                         15.410
                                                                         13.478
                                                                         10.175
                                                                          2.699
                                                                          0.905
FL
Cit
Limnetic
                                                                         15.851
                                                                         13.311
                                                                         11.910
                                                                          9.309
                                                                          2.842
                                                                          1.370
FL
Str
Limnetic
                                                                         13.885
                                                                         13.546
                                                                         12.110
                                                                          9.492
                                                                          2.485
                                                                          1.164
CA
Cit
Limnetic
                                                                         12.928
                                                                         12.928
                                                                         12.920
                                                                         12.754
                                                                         11.623
                                                                          8.325
CA
Gra
Limnetic
                                                                         11.658
                                                                         11.658
                                                                         11.571
                                                                         11.397
                                                                          9.788
                                                                          7.393
CA
Tma
Limnetic
                                                                         11.032
                                                                         11.023
                                                                         10.849
                                                                         10.501
                                                                          7.747
                                                                          4.807
FL
Cbb
Limnetic
                                                                         10.501
                                                                         10.249
                                                                          9.292
                                                                          7.561
                                                                          2.430
                                                                          1.199
MI
Asp
Limnetic
                                                                         10.162
                                                                         10.162
                                                                         10.075
                                                                          9.901
                                                                          8.787
                                                                          7.246
MI
Bea
Limnetic
                                                                          9.755
                                                                          9.592
                                                                          9.243
                                                                          8.517
                                                                          3.852
                                                                          2.447
GA
Pcn
Limnetic
                                                                          8.643
                                                                          8.427
                                                                          7.634
                                                                          6.112
                                                                          1.944
                                                                          0.936
PA
Tma
Limnetic
                                                                          8.499
                                                                          8.406
                                                                          8.008
                                                                          7.126
                                                                          3.332
                                                                          1.626
NC
Tba
Limnetic
                                                                          8.477
                                                                          8.395
                                                                          8.100
                                                                          7.457
                                                                          4.865
                                                                          2.074
ME
Pot
Limnetic
                                                                          7.800
                                                                          7.713
                                                                          7.435
                                                                          6.742
                                                                          3.479
                                                                          2.264
OR
Xma
Limnetic
                                                                          7.417
                                                                          7.392
                                                                          7.282
                                                                          7.059
                                                                          5.577
                                                                          4.024
CA
Wal
Limnetic
                                                                          6.993
                                                                          6.947
                                                                          6.739
                                                                          6.274
                                                                          3.848
                                                                          2.447
NC
Pnt
Limnetic
                                                                          6.909
                                                                          6.853
                                                                          6.522
                                                                          6.167
                                                                          2.733
                                                                          1.690
ND
Cno
Limnetic
                                                                          6.819
                                                                          6.785
                                                                          6.671
                                                                          6.409
                                                                          4.808
                                                                          3.411
NY
Gra
Limnetic
                                                                          6.495
                                                                          6.460
                                                                          6.321
                                                                          6.040
                                                                          3.901
                                                                          2.900
KS
Srg
Limnetic
                                                                          6.447
                                                                          6.386
                                                                          6.044
                                                                          5.355
                                                                          2.924
                                                                          1.599
PA
App
Limnetic
                                                                          6.408
                                                                          6.365
                                                                          6.150
                                                                          5.679
                                                                          3.311
                                                                          1.410
FL
Tma
Limnetic
                                                                          6.116
                                                                          5.888
                                                                          5.045
                                                                          3.677
                                                                          0.967
                                                                          0.624
OR
Gra
Limnetic
                                                                          6.033
                                                                          5.999
                                                                          5.884
                                                                          5.619
                                                                          3.901
                                                                          2.864
FL
Tur
Limnetic
                                                                          5.821
                                                                          5.804
                                                                          5.726
                                                                          5.552
                                                                          4.383
                                                                          3.767
PA
Tur
Limnetic
                                                                          5.485
                                                                          5.467
                                                                          5.398
                                                                          5.282
                                                                          4.225
                                                                          3.729
IL
Cor
Limnetic
                                                                          5.438
                                                                          5.352
                                                                          5.083
                                                                          4.441
                                                                          1.794
                                                                          1.018
NC
App
Limnetic
                                                                          5.091
                                                                          5.025
                                                                          4.784
                                                                          4.287
                                                                          2.242
                                                                          1.138
OR
Fil
Limnetic
                                                                          5.077
                                                                          5.035
                                                                          4.856
                                                                          4.494
                                                                          2.592
                                                                          1.878
OH
Cor
Limnetic
                                                                          4.758
                                                                          4.713
                                                                          4.490
                                                                          4.016
                                                                          1.729
                                                                          0.744
NC
Cor
Limnetic
                                                                          4.667
                                                                          4.578
                                                                          4.324
                                                                          3.798
                                                                          1.597
                                                                          0.645
OR
App
Limnetic
                                                                          4.371
                                                                          4.337
                                                                          4.193
                                                                          3.897
                                                                          2.564
                                                                          1.033
MS
Syb
Limnetic
                                                                          4.319
                                                                          4.237
                                                                          3.843
                                                                          3.101
                                                                          0.955
                                                                          0.560
OR
Min
Limnetic
                                                                          3.594
                                                                          3.568
                                                                          3.456
                                                                          3.223
                                                                          2.030
                                                                          1.739
ND
Whe
Limnetic
                                                                          3.496
                                                                          3.474
                                                                          3.393
                                                                          3.222
                                                                          2.038
                                                                          1.432
PA
Cor
Limnetic
                                                                          2.838
                                                                          2.806
                                                                          2.695
                                                                          2.427
                                                                          1.401
                                                                          0.718
ID
Pot
Limnetic
                                                                          2.714
                                                                          2.704
                                                                          2.674
                                                                          2.571
                                                                          1.876
                                                                          1.634
Maximum:


                                                                         27.971
                                                                         26.961
                                                                         24.264
                                                                         18.096
                                                                         11.623
                                                                          8.325




Table 12. Estimated drinking water concentrations in index reservoir, applications made 40 days prior to planting.
State
Scenar Crop
ExpMedia
1-Day
4-Day
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
FL
Pep-
Limnetic
                                                                         37.253
                                                                         35.679
                                                                         19.018
                                                                         13.755
                                                                          3.035
                                                                          1.491
FL
Sgc-
Limnetic
                                                                         33.573
                                                                         31.120
                                                                         24.986
                                                                         19.392
                                                                          4.635
                                                                          2.707
LA
Sgc-
Limnetic
                                                                         31.416
                                                                         29.162
                                                                         22.272
                                                                         14.581
                                                                          4.550
                                                                          2.370
FL
Str-
Limnetic
                                                                         16.060
                                                                         15.016
                                                                         12.389
                                                                          7.579
                                                                          2.444
                                                                          1.564
PA
Tma-
Limnetic
                                                                         14.572
                                                                         14.024
                                                                         13.207
                                                                          9.996
                                                                          2.969
                                                                          1.464
FL
Cuc-
Limnetic
                                                                         14.494
                                                                         14.198
                                                                         12.171
                                                                          7.554
                                                                          2.452
                                                                          1.088
FL
Cit-
Limnetic
                                                                         13.354
                                                                         12.693
                                                                         11.240
                                                                          9.344
                                                                          2.660
                                                                          1.499
FL
Tma-
Limnetic
                                                                         13.102
                                                                         12.667
                                                                         10.005
                                                                          7.803
                                                                          1.737
                                                                          0.996
ME
Pot-
Limnetic
                                                                         12.702
                                                                         12.354
                                                                         11.293
                                                                          9.347
                                                                          3.371
                                                                          1.938
PA
App-
Limnetic
                                                                         12.023
                                                                         11.684
                                                                         10.988
                                                                          9.709
                                                                          3.409
                                                                          1.322
NC
App-
Limnetic
                                                                         11.145
                                                                         10.579
                                                                          8.600
                                                                          7.076
                                                                          2.226
                                                                          1.038
KS
Srg-
Limnetic
                                                                         10.799
                                                                         10.623
                                                                         10.074
                                                                          7.954
                                                                          2.549
                                                                          1.192
ND
Cno-
Limnetic
                                                                          9.405
                                                                          9.118
                                                                          8.478
                                                                          6.582
                                                                          3.030
                                                                          1.605
GA
Pcn-
Limnetic
                                                                          8.857
                                                                          8.511
                                                                          7.473
                                                                          4.211
                                                                          1.135
                                                                          0.749
MI
Bea-
Limnetic
                                                                          8.732
                                                                          8.553
                                                                          7.983
                                                                          7.048
                                                                          3.118
                                                                          1.858
FL
Cbb-
Limnetic
                                                                          8.312
                                                                          8.035
                                                                          7.274
                                                                          5.002
                                                                          1.874
                                                                          1.134
NY
Gra-
Limnetic
                                                                          6.775
                                                                          6.602
                                                                          6.047
                                                                          5.271
                                                                          2.383
                                                                          1.638
MS
Cor-
Limnetic
                                                                          6.504
                                                                          6.067
                                                                          5.437
                                                                          4.341
                                                                          1.237
                                                                          0.626
CA
Cit-
Limnetic
                                                                          6.418
                                                                          6.326
                                                                          5.942
                                                                          5.296
                                                                          2.389
                                                                          1.135
OR
Xma-
Limnetic
                                                                          5.457
                                                                          5.364
                                                                          5.025
                                                                          4.503
                                                                          2.233
                                                                          1.328
NC
Pnt-
Limnetic
                                                                          5.207
                                                                          5.116
                                                                          4.670
                                                                          4.240
                                                                          1.692
                                                                          0.980
PA
Cor-
Limnetic
                                                                          5.193
                                                                          5.009
                                                                          4.692
                                                                          4.224
                                                                          1.388
                                                                          0.601
CA
Tma-
Limnetic
                                                                          5.039
                                                                          4.947
                                                                          4.726
                                                                          4.171
                                                                          1.746
                                                                          1.097
OR
Gra-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.807
                                                                          4.695
                                                                          4.262
                                                                          3.520
                                                                          1.630
                                                                          0.976
MS
Syb-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.498
                                                                          4.297
                                                                          3.860
                                                                          3.342
                                                                          1.043
                                                                          0.435
NC
Tba-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.466
                                                                          4.394
                                                                          4.137
                                                                          3.464
                                                                          1.328
                                                                          0.918
FL
Tur-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.322
                                                                          4.269
                                                                          3.978
                                                                          3.443
                                                                          1.346
                                                                          0.922
IL
Cor-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.286
                                                                          4.176
                                                                          3.870
                                                                          3.262
                                                                          1.222
                                                                          0.642
ND
Whe-
Limnetic
                                                                          4.054
                                                                          3.950
                                                                          3.567
                                                                          2.877
                                                                          1.519
                                                                          1.086
CA
Wal-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.978
                                                                          3.917
                                                                          3.654
                                                                          3.182
                                                                          1.362
                                                                          0.964
CA
Gra-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.828
                                                                          3.768
                                                                          3.547
                                                                          3.121
                                                                          1.411
                                                                          1.011
OR
Fil-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.655
                                                                          3.611
                                                                          3.477
                                                                          3.176
                                                                          1.485
                                                                          1.109
PA
Tur-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.611
                                                                          3.569
                                                                          3.369
                                                                          3.030
                                                                          1.555
                                                                          1.133
OH
Cor-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.502
                                                                          3.427
                                                                          2.731
                                                                          2.158
                                                                          0.790
                                                                          0.522
NC
Cor-
Limnetic
                                                                          3.311
                                                                          3.207
                                                                          2.916
                                                                          2.472
                                                                          0.904
                                                                          0.495
OR
App-
Limnetic
                                                                          2.856
                                                                          2.831
                                                                          2.706
                                                                          2.430
                                                                          1.028
                                                                          0.526
MI
Asp-
Limnetic
                                                                          2.854
                                                                          2.818
                                                                          2.669
                                                                          2.366
                                                                          1.443
                                                                          1.266
OR
Min-
Limnetic
                                                                          2.723
                                                                          2.689
                                                                          2.545
                                                                          2.257
                                                                          1.136
                                                                          0.894
ID
Pot-
Limnetic
                                                                          1.986
                                                                          1.960
                                                                          1.860
                                                                          1.621
                                                                          0.743
                                                                          0.609
Maximum:


                                                                         37.253
                                                                         35.679
                                                                         24.986
                                                                         19.392
                                                                          4.635
                                                                          2.707



Example EXPRESS Project (Input) File for PRZM-EXAMS
Master Project File Created: 2014-04-11 at 16:36:30
Express     v. 1.03.02    (2007-07-20)                        
Parent Compound: Sulfentrazone TTR   
         Scenario Group File:   0  No GroupFile
               Scenario Type:  3
          PRZM Crop Selector: 00000000000001000100110010000001000000010000100011
          PRZM Crop Selector: 10000001000110000110000000000011010101000000100000
          PRZM Crop Selector: 00010011010100000000000100000100000010001100000000
          PRZM Crop Selector: 00101010111000001000000000000000000000000000000000
Chemical Input Data Controls:  1 1 0 1 0
    Express Operational Mode: OPP
Chemical Name(s):  Sulfentrazone TTR   | 
            Molecular Weight:   387.2    
         Plant Uptake Factor:   0.000    
Partition Coefficient Method:           1          1
 Partition Coefficient Value:   29.00      29.00    
              Vapor Pressure:  0.9750E-09
              Solubility    :   400.0    
  Soil Degradation Half-Life:   875.0    
          % Degradate formed:   80.00      0.000      0.000    
            Foliar Half-Life:   0.000    
  Foliar Washoff Coefficient:  0.5000    
   Air Diffusion Coefficient:   4300.    
    Enthalpy of Vaporization:   20.00    
 Application DataSets Number: 39
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    91.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  2  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   1.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   6.400    
               Efficiency % :   99.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  2  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   1.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   6.400    
               Efficiency % :   99.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  2  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   1.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   6.400    
               Efficiency % :   99.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    46.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    46.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    46.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    46.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    46.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   2  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1         30
               Month        :           0          0
               CAM          :           2          2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000      4.000    
               Rate         :  0.1500     0.1500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000      5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00      16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00      95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    41.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.2500    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    87.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.3750    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
      Application Parameters:   1  1  2  2  1  0  0    56.00  0
  Days Relative/Absolute    :       -   1
               Month        :           0
               CAM          :           2
               Depi (cm)    :   4.000    
               Rate         :  0.1875    
          Drift Farm Pond % :   5.000    
    Drift Index Reservoir % :   16.00    
               Efficiency % :   95.00    
  Product chem./hydr. status:  1 1 1
 Aerobic Dissipation (days) :   1750.    
       Q10 Base Temperature :   25.00    
       Q10 Limnetic         :   2.000    
 Anaerobic Dissipation(days):   0.000    
        Q10 Base temperature:   25.00    
        Q10 Benthic         :   2.000    
 Photolysis Half-Life (days):   98.00    
   Number of Hydrolysis Obs.:           3
     Hydrolysis Temperatures:   25.00    
  Hydrolysis C1:  0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
  pH Hydrol. C1:       5.00      7.00      9.00
               Melting Point:  -99.00    


Example PE5 PRZM-EXAMS Shell Input file and Output Summary


stored as LA-Sgc_SlfnAer1pht98.out
Chemical: Sulfentrazone TTR
PRZM environment: LAsugarcaneSTD.txt	modified Tueday, 29 May 2007 at 13:56:00
EXAMS environment: ir298.exv	modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16:34:12
Metfile: w13970.dvf	modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 10:05:36
Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year	Peak	96 hr	21 Day	60 Day	90 Day	Yearly
1961	20.67	19.97	17.4	12.29	8.345	2.058
1962	8.707	8.402	7.255	5.341	4.336	2.198
1963	14.42	13.91	12.47	9.568	6.544	2.262
1964	12.85	12.41	10.99	6.911	4.866	2.146
1965	18.3	17.64	15.19	11.14	7.599	2.907
1966	11.87	11.45	9.858	8.587	6.959	2.877
1967	7.74	7.464	6.431	5.437	4.563	1.799
1968	6.602	6.419	6.043	4.497	3.164	1.406
1969	9.258	8.929	8.039	3.931	2.808	1.197
1970	23.33	22.5	20.41	15.78	12.33	4.01
1971	10.32	9.954	8.568	7.599	6.327	2.557
1972	20.73	19.98	18.09	13.69	10.14	3.342
1973	15.07	14.53	12.68	9.33	7.15	2.771
1974	5.452	5.261	4.544	3.999	3.216	1.64
1975	3.435	3.313	2.943	1.954	1.595	0.7309
1976	17.08	16.47	14.63	11.66	8.209	2.36
1977	14.77	14.24	12.9	9.996	7.033	2.746
1978	17.28	16.66	14.58	8.218	5.65	2.301
1979	9.907	9.554	8.806	6.937	5.104	2.671
1980	57.66	55.6	48.27	35.69	26.79	7.205
1981	15.33	14.8	12.8	9.461	7.701	2.78
1982	10.85	10.56	9.123	5.089	3.56	1.193
1983	6.485	6.256	5.398	3.967	3.346	1.82
1984	38.29	37.25	33.4	25.36	19.64	5.214
1985	18.97	18.44	16.81	12.75	9.94	4.136
1986	34.81	33.57	29.23	21.72	16.87	4.951
1987	13.7	13.21	11.4	8.712	6.445	2.914
1988	7.235	6.977	6.493	5.444	4.08	1.943
1989	15.64	15.15	13.13	11.62	9.001	2.867
1990	25.71	24.79	21.49	16.51	12.26	3.934

Sorted results
Prob.	Peak	96 hr	21 Day	60 Day	90 Day	Yearly
0.032258064516129	57.66	55.6	48.27	35.69	26.79	7.205
0.0645161290322581	38.29	37.25	33.4	25.36	19.64	5.214
0.0967741935483871	34.81	33.57	29.23	21.72	16.87	4.951
0.129032258064516	25.71	24.79	21.49	16.51	12.33	4.136
0.161290322580645	23.33	22.5	20.41	15.78	12.26	4.01
0.193548387096774	20.73	19.98	18.09	13.69	10.14	3.934
0.225806451612903	20.67	19.97	17.4	12.75	9.94	3.342
0.258064516129032	18.97	18.44	16.81	12.29	9.001	2.914
0.290322580645161	18.3	17.64	15.19	11.66	8.345	2.907
0.32258064516129	17.28	16.66	14.63	11.62	8.209	2.877
0.354838709677419	17.08	16.47	14.58	11.14	7.701	2.867
0.387096774193548	15.64	15.15	13.13	9.996	7.599	2.78
0.419354838709677	15.33	14.8	12.9	9.568	7.15	2.771
0.451612903225806	15.07	14.53	12.8	9.461	7.033	2.746
0.483870967741936	14.77	14.24	12.68	9.33	6.959	2.671
0.516129032258065	14.42	13.91	12.47	8.712	6.544	2.557
0.548387096774194	13.7	13.21	11.4	8.587	6.445	2.36
0.580645161290323	12.85	12.41	10.99	8.218	6.327	2.301
0.612903225806452	11.87	11.45	9.858	7.599	5.65	2.262
0.645161290322581	10.85	10.56	9.123	6.937	5.104	2.198
0.67741935483871	10.32	9.954	8.806	6.911	4.866	2.146
0.709677419354839	9.907	9.554	8.568	5.444	4.563	2.058
0.741935483870968	9.258	8.929	8.039	5.437	4.336	1.943
0.774193548387097	8.707	8.402	7.255	5.341	4.08	1.82
0.806451612903226	7.74	7.464	6.493	5.089	3.56	1.799
0.838709677419355	7.235	6.977	6.431	4.497	3.346	1.64
0.870967741935484	6.602	6.419	6.043	3.999	3.216	1.406
0.903225806451613	6.485	6.256	5.398	3.967	3.164	1.197
0.935483870967742	5.452	5.261	4.544	3.931	2.808	1.193
0.967741935483871	3.435	3.313	2.943	1.954	1.595	0.7309

0.1	33.9	32.692	28.456	21.199	16.416	4.8695
					Average of yearly averages:	2.76453

Inputs generated by pe5r.pl - September 2008

Data used for this run:
Output File: LA-Sgc_SlfnAer1pht98
Metfile:	w13970.dvf
PRZM scenario:	LAsugarcaneSTD.txt
EXAMS environment file:	ir298.exv
Chemical Name:	Sulfentrazone TTR
Description	Variable Name	Value	Units	Comments
Molecular weight	mwt	387.2	g/mol
Henry's Law Const.	henry		atm-m^3/mol
Vapor Pressure	vapr	9.75E-10	torr
Solubility	sol	400	mg/L
Kd	Kd		mg/L
Koc	Koc	29	mg/L
Photolysis half-life	kdp	98	days	Half-life
Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism	kbacw	1750	days	Halfife
Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism	kbacs	0	days	Halfife
Aerobic Soil Metabolism	asm	874.9	days	Halfife
Hydrolysis:	pH 7	0	days	Half-life
Method:	CAM	2	integer	See PRZM manual
Incorporation Depth:	DEPI	0	cm
Application Rate:	TAPP	0.4203	kg/ha
Application Efficiency:	APPEFF	0.95	fraction
Spray Drift	DRFT	0.05	fraction of application rate applied to pond
Application Date	Date	11-10	dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm
Record 17:	FILTRA	
	IPSCND	1
	UPTKF	
Record 18:	PLVKRT	
	PLDKRT	
	FEXTRC	0.5
Flag for Index Res. Run	IR	Reservoir
Flag for runoff calc.	RUNOFF	total	none, monthly or total(average of entire run)
Drift/Efficiency Source	DRFTEFF		fixed, basic, or advanced
Input file for RegDISP Advanced	REGDISPFILE	
Model flag for RegDISP Basic	REGDISPMODEL		aerial, ground, airblast, or chemigation
Buffer	BUFFER		ft
Maximum Wind Speed	MAXWS		mph
Flight Direction	FLIGHTDIR		deg





APPENDIX

Updated FIRST Modeling Inputs and Results (for additional details see DP Barcode: D28497; review dated 4/17/2003):

FIRST Output File

     RUN No.   1 FOR Sulfentrazone    ON   Citrus etc    * INPUT VALUES * 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    RATE (#/AC)   No.APPS &   SOIL  SOLUBIL  APPL TYPE  %CROPPED INCORP
     ONE(MULT)    INTERVAL    Koc   (PPM )   (%DRIFT)     AREA    (IN)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   .375(   .375)   1   1      43.0  400.0   AERIAL(16.0)  87.0    .0


   FIELD AND RESERVOIR HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS) 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   METABOLIC  DAYS UNTIL  HYDROLYSIS   PHOTOLYSIS   METABOLIC  COMBINED
    (FIELD)  RAIN/RUNOFF  (RESERVOIR)  (RES.-EFF)   (RESER.)   (RESER.) 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    545.00        2          N/A       .50-   62.00   ******     58.66


   UNTREATED WATER CONC (MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Ver 1.1.0  JAN 1, 2007
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
        PEAK DAY  (ACUTE)      ANNUAL AVERAGE (CHRONIC)      
          CONCENTRATION             CONCENTRATION            
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
             32.102                      5.047



   RUN No.   3 FOR Sulfentraz. acid ON   Citrus Etc    * INPUT VALUES * 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    RATE (#/AC)   No.APPS &   SOIL  SOLUBIL  APPL TYPE  %CROPPED INCORP
     ONE(MULT)    INTERVAL    Koc   (PPM )   (%DRIFT)     AREA    (IN)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   .041(   .041)   1   1        .0  400.0   GRANUL(  .0)  87.0    .0


   FIELD AND RESERVOIR HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS) 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   METABOLIC  DAYS UNTIL  HYDROLYSIS   PHOTOLYSIS   METABOLIC  COMBINED
    (FIELD)  RAIN/RUNOFF  (RESERVOIR)  (RES.-EFF)   (RESER.)   (RESER.) 
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
       .00        2          N/A       .00-     .00      .00       .00


   UNTREATED WATER CONC (MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Ver 1.1.0  JAN 1, 2007
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
        PEAK DAY  (ACUTE)      ANNUAL AVERAGE (CHRONIC)      
          CONCENTRATION             CONCENTRATION            
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
              3.735                      2.678
		
   

	
SCIGROW Modeling Input and Results
                
                                SCIGROW
                          VERSION 2.3
            ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DIVISION
                 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS
             U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                        SCREENING MODEL
                FOR AQUATIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE
 
 SciGrow version 2.3
 chemical:Sulfentrazone TTR
 time is  5/19/2014  14:16: 6
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Application      Number of       Total Use    Koc      Soil Aerobic
  rate (lb/acre)  applications   (lb/acre/yr)  (ml/g)   metabolism (days)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      0.375           1.0           0.375      2.90E+01      875.0
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 groundwater screening cond (ppb) =   5.75E+01 
 **************************************************************

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Results of Vadose Zone Monitoring at Four Prospective Groundwater Monitoring Sites



Table 13. Maximum observed concentrations of sulfentrazone and its acid degradate in soil-pore water 7- to 9-feet below the surface of treated fields at four sites compared to Tier 1 estimated concentrations using the SCI-GROW model.
Chemical
                                     NC1 
                                     Site
                                     IN1 
                                     Site
                                      IN2
                                     Site
                                     IN3 
                                     Site
                                   SCI-GROW
Sulfentrazone
                                     22.5
                                    (186d)
                                     0.28
                                    (911d)
                                    0.35* 
                                    (1229d)
                                     0.09
                                    (1149d)
                                     15.7
3-Carboxylic Acid Sulfentrazone
                                     38.1
                                    (186d)
                                     4.28 
                                    (577d)
                                     3.36
                                    (363d)
                                     0.07
                                    (753d)
                                     10.3
* Also at 0.44 ppb 2135 days after the original application after an additional application 1961 days after the initial application. The degradate was detected at a maximum concentration of 0.33 ppb at 2226 days after this last application.


