United States		                Prevention, Pesticides                   
   EPA 738-R-07-010

Environmental Protection                and Toxic Substances		          
September 28, 2007

Agency					      (7508P)						

 Reregistration 

	Eligibility Decision

	for 

	Para-dichlorobenzene

Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for 

Para-dichlorobenzene

List C

Case No. 3058

Approved by: _____________________                      

Steven Bradbury, Ph.D., Director

Special Review and Reregistration Division

Date: September 28, 2007TABLE OF CONTENTS

  TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u    HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297810"  I. 
Introduction	  PAGEREF _Toc180297810 \h  7  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297811"  II.  Chemical Overview	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297811 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297812"  A.	Regulatory History	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297812 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297813"  B.  Chemical Identification	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297813 \h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297814"  C.  Use Profile	  PAGEREF _Toc180297814
\h  8  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297815"  D.  Estimated Usage of Pesticide	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297815 \h  9  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297816"  A.  Human Health Risk Assessment	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297816 \h  10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297817"  1.  Toxicity of Para-dichlorobenzene	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297817 \h  10  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297818"  2.  Carcinogenicity of
Para-dichlorobenzene	  PAGEREF _Toc180297818 \h  13  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297819"  3.  Metabolites and Degradates	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297819 \h  14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297820"  4.  Dietary Risk (Food + Water)	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297820 \h  14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297821"  5.  Residential Non-Cancer Risk	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297821 \h  14  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297822"  6.  Residential Cancer Risk	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297822 \h  17  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297823"  7.  Aggregate Risk	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297823 \h  19  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297824"  8.  Occupational Risk	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297824 \h  20  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297825"  9.  Human Incident Data	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297825 \h  20  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297826"  B.  Environmental Risk Assessment	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297826 \h  20  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297827"  IV.  Risk Management, Reregistration,
and Tolerance Reassessment Decision	  PAGEREF _Toc180297827 \h  21  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297828"  A.  Determination of Reregistration
Eligibility	  PAGEREF _Toc180297828 \h  21  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297829"  B.  Public Comment Period	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297829 \h  21  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297830"  C.  Regulatory Position	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297830 \h  22  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297831"  1.  Regulatory Rationale	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297831 \h  22  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297832"  2.  Endocrine Disruptor Effects	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297832 \h  23  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297833"  3.  Endangered Species	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297833 \h  23  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297834"  D.  Labeling Requirements	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297834 \h  24  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297835"  V.  What Registrants Need to Do	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297835 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297836"  A.  Manufacturing Use Products	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297836 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297837"  1.  Additional Generic Data Requirements
  PAGEREF _Toc180297837 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297838"  2.  Labeling for Manufacturing-Use
Products	  PAGEREF _Toc180297838 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297839"  B.   End-Use Products	  PAGEREF
_Toc180297839 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297840"  1.  Additional Product-Specific Data
Requirements	  PAGEREF _Toc180297840 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297841"  2.  Labeling for End-Use Products	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297841 \h  25  

  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc180297842"  C.  Labeling Changes Summary Table	 
PAGEREF _Toc180297842 \h  26  

 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations   

ai		Active Ingredient

CFR		Code of Federal Regulations

DCI		Data Call-In

DNT		Developmental Neurotoxicity

EC		Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulation

EPA		Environmental Protection Agency

EUP		End-Use Product

FIFRA	Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

FFDCA	Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

GLN		Guideline Number

HED		Health Effects Division

HDT		Highest Dose Tested

IRIS 		Integrated Risk Information System

LADD	Lifetime Average Daily Dose

LC50		Median Lethal Concentration.  A statistically derived
concentration of a substance that can be expected to cause death in 50%
of test animals.  It is usually expressed as the weight of substance per
weight or volume of water, air or feed, e.g., mg/l, mg/kg or ppm.

LD50		Median Lethal Dose.  A statistically derived single dose that can
be expected to cause death in 50% of the test animals when administered
by the route indicated (oral, dermal, inhalation).  It is expressed as a
weight of substance per unit weight of animal, e.g., mg/kg.

LIP		Label Improvement Program

LOC		Level of Concern

LOAEL	Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level

mg/kg/day	Milligram Per Kilogram Per Day

mg/L		Milligrams Per Liter

MOA		Mode of Action

MOE		Margin of Exposure 

MRID		Master Record Identification (number).  EPA's system of recording
and tracking studies submitted.

MUP		Manufacturing-Use Product

N/A		Not Applicable

NCEA	National Center for Environmental Assessment

NDETF	Non-Dietary Exposure Task Force

NLAA	Not Likely to Adversely Affect

NR		Not Required

NOAEL	No Observed Adverse Effect Level

NOAELHEC    No Observed Adverse Effect Level Human Equivelant Dose.

OPP		EPA Office of Pesticide Programs

OPPTS	EPA Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances

PII		Primary Irritation Index

PK		Pharmacokinetic

ppb		Parts Per Billion

ppm		Parts per Million

RED		Reregistration Eligibility Decision

REI		Restricted Entry Interval

RfC		Reference Concentration

RfD		Reference Dose

SF		Safety Factor

SLN		Special Local Need (Registrations Under Section 24(c) of FIFRA)

TEAM	Total Exposure Assessment Methodology 

TGAI		Technical Grade Active Ingredient

USDA	United States Department of Agriculture

UF		Uncertainty Factor

UFdb		Database Uncertainty Factor 

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE TEAM

Office of Pesticide Programs:

Health Effects Risk Assessment

William H. Donovan, Ph.D.

Sayed Tadayon

George Ghali, Ph.D.

Ecological Fate and Effects Risk Assessment

Gary Orrick

Marietta Echeverria

Biological and Economics Analysis Assessment

Rafael Prieto

Steve Jarboe

LaVerne Dobbins

Registration Division

Dan Peacock

John Hebert

Risk Management

Molly Clayton

Kevin Costello

Abstract 

	

	The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) has completed
the human health and ecological risk reregistration memorandum for the
para-dichlorobenzene and is issuing its risk management decision.  The
human health risk assessment and ecological risk reregistration
memorandum, which are summarized below, are based on the review of the
required target database supporting the use patterns of currently
registered products.  As a result of this review, EPA has determined
that para-dichlorobenzene-containing products are eligible for
reregistration, provided that risk mitigation measures are adopted and
labels are amended accordingly.  That decision is discussed fully in
this document.  

	Para-dichlorobenzene is a fumigant insecticide.  The majority of its
pesticidal use is as a moth repellant to protect garments from insect
damage and in and around birdcages for the control of lice and ticks. 
There are no outdoor uses registered for para-dichlorobenzene;
therefore, ecological risk was not assessed.  Since para-dichlorobenzene
does not have any food or other outdoor uses, the only uses assessed are
indoor residential uses and a single occupational use.  Of the risk
scenarios assessed, only the risk from episodic ingestion of mothballs
by toddlers was of concern.  Mitigation measures, possibly including but
not limited to, special packaging and precautionary label language, will
be required to address this potential risk of concern.             

	

I.  Introduction

	The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) was
amended in 1988 to accelerate the reregistration of products with active
ingredients registered prior to November 1, 1984.  The amended Act calls
for the development and submission of data to support the reregistration
of an active ingredient, as well as a review of all submitted data by
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (referred to as EPA or “the
Agency”).  Reregistration involves a thorough review of the scientific
database underlying a pesticide’s registration.  The purpose of the
Agency’s review is to reassess the potential risks arising from the
currently registered uses of the pesticide, to determine the need for
additional data on health and environmental effects, and to determine
whether or not the pesticide meets the “no unreasonable adverse
effects” criterion of FIFRA. 

	

This document summarizes EPA’s human health risk assessment,
ecological reregistration memorandum, and reregistration eligibility
decision (RED) for para-dichlorobenzene.  The document consists of six
sections.  Section I contains the regulatory framework for
reregistration; Section II provides an overview of the chemical and a
profile of its use and usage; Section III gives an overview of the human
health risk assessment and ecological reregistration memorandum; Section
IV presents the Agency's decision on reregistration eligibility and risk
management; and Section V summarizes the label changes necessary to
implement the risk mitigation measures outlined in Section IV.  Finally,
the Appendices list related information, supporting documents, and
studies evaluated for the reregistration decision.  The risk assessments
for para-dichlorobenzene and all other supporting documents are
available in the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) public docket
(http://www.regulations.gov) under docket number EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0937.

	

II.  Chemical Overview

Regulatory History

	The Agency's predecessor for pesticide registrations, the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA), first registered a product containing
para-dichlorobenzene in 1947.  The Agency has never issued a
Registration Standard for this product.  However, in the early 1990s,
the Agency required the technical registrant to supply acute toxicity
data on the technical product.  In the latter half of the 1990s, the
Agency initiated a Label Improvement Program (LIP) to update the
precautionary text, use directions, storage, and disposal instructions
to reduce exposure to para-dichlorobenzene and other chemicals,
especially when used in homes. 

	Currently, the Agency has 28 products registered; of those, 5 are
manufacturing-use products and 23 are end-use products.  All are
registered under Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide,
Rodenticide Act (FIFRA).  There are no Special Local Needs (SLNs)
registrations.  Most products (18) are for moth and carpet beetle
control inside of airtight spaces (closets, chests, and garment bags) in
homes.  Some products (3) are also used indoors to kill lice and mites
on birds in cages.  One product is used to kill wax moths in empty
beehives and bee houses stored indoors. Also, one product is used to
repel Norway rats and house mice from indoor storage areas and to repel
gray squirrels from attics.

 	B.  Chemical Identification

	PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE:

	Para-dichlorobenzene is a colorless or white crystalline   HYPERLINK
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid" \o "Solid"  solid  with a strong,
pungent   HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odor" \o "Odor"  odor
. 

Common Name:		Para-dichlorobenzene

Chemical Name:		1,4-dichlorobenzene

Other Names:			PDCB, P-Dichlorobenzene

Chemical Class:		Fumigant Insecticide

PC Code:	061501	

Case Number:			3058

CAS Registry Number:	106-46-7

Molecular Weight:		147

Empirical Formula:		  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 C6H4Cl2

Technical Registrants:	PPG Industries, Inc. and Solutia, Inc.

	C.  Use Profile

	The following information on the currently registered uses includes an
overview of use sites and application methods.  A detailed table of the
uses of para-dichlorobenzene eligible for reregistration is contained in
Appendix A.

Type of Pesticide:  Fumigant Insecticide.

Target Organism:  The primary target pests are moths, carpet beetles,
lice, and mites.  

Use Sites:  Para-Dichlorobenzene is limited to indoor use only.  It is
used as a moth and beetle repellant in products which are applied to
commercial and residential use sites such as closets and storage
containers, and to repel lice and mites from bird cages.  It is also
used in empty bee supers (stored indoors), to repel wax moths.  When
formulated into varpal rope, it is used in attics to repel snakes, mice,
rats, squirrels, and attic wombats.

Use Classification:  Para-dichlorobenzene products are designated as
general use.

Formulation Types:  Cakes, crystals, balls, sachetes, impregnated
strips, blocks, varpel rope, and flakes.

Application Methods:  By hand.

Application Rates:  It is applied as a moth repellant in moth balls,
flakes, crystals, cakes, and sachetes at rates ranging from 0.01 pounds
of active ingredient per cubic foot (lbs ai/ft3) to 0.02 lbs ai/ft3. 
When formulated into a block, it is applied at a maximum application
rate of 0.025 lbs ai/ft3.  When formulated into Varpel rope, it is
applied at a rate of 50 feet of product per 5,000 ft3.  It is applied to
beehives at a maximum application rate of 0.19 lbs ai/hive.  When
applied in bird cages, the maximum application rate is 0.017 lbs
ai/cage.  

Application Timing:  The application timing is generally not mentioned
on existing 

para-dichlorobenzene labels, although some labels recommend
re-application after six 

months, while others recommend use as needed.

	D.  Estimated Usage of Pesticide

	      Approximately 5 million lbs of para-dichlorobenzene are marketed
on average per year.  The majority of the usage is in moth repellant
products.  However, detailed usage information is not available.

III.  Summary of Para-dichlorobenzene Risk Assessments

	The following is a summary of EPA’s revised human health risk
assessment for para-dichlorobenzene, as presented fully in the document,
Para-dichlorobenzene:  HED Chapter of the Reregistration Eligibility
Decision Document (RED), dated September 28, 2007.  Since there are no
outdoor uses of para-dichlorobenzene, an ecological risk assessment was
not required, as is described in the Para-dichlorobenzene: EFED
Memorandum in Support of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision, dated
September 28, 2007.  These documents are available in the OPP Public
Docket, docket number EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0937, and may also be accessed
through the Agency’s website at   HYPERLINK
"https://www.regulations.gov"  https://www.regulations.gov .  Hard
copies of these documents may be found in the OPP public docket under
this same docket number.  The purpose of the following summary is to
assist the reader by identifying the key features and findings of the
paradichlorbenzene human health risk assessment and to help the reader
better understand the conclusions reached in the assessment.  

	EPA's use of human studies in the para-dichlorobenzene risk assessment
is in accordance with the Agency's Final Rule promulgated on January 26,
2006, related to Protections for Subjects in Human Research, which is
codified in 40 CFR Part 26.  

A.  Human Health Risk Assessment

	The human health risk assessment incorporates potential exposure,
hazard, and risks from all sources, which for para-dichlorobenzene are
indoor residential uses and a single occupational use.  There are no
registered food uses for para-dichlorobenzene, and since there are no
outdoor uses, drinking water exposure is not anticipated.  A dietary
risk assessment was not conducted due to the absence of potential
drinking water and food exposure.  The Agency’s human health
assessment considers all U.S. populations, including infants and young
children.  For more information on the para-dichlorobenzene human health
risk assessment, see Para-dichlorobenzene:  HED Chapter of the
Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document (RED), dated September 27,
2007.

 .		1.  Toxicity of Para-dichlorobenzene

	Toxicity assessments are designed to predict whether a pesticide could
cause adverse health effects in humans (including short-term or acute
effects, such as skin or eye damage, and lifetime or chronic effects,
such as cancer, developmental effects, or reproductive effects), and the
level or dose at which such effects might occur.  The Agency has
reviewed all toxicity studies submitted for para-dichlorobenzene and has
determined that the toxicological database is reliable and sufficient
for reregistration.  

			a.  Acute Toxicity Profile 

	

	Para-dichlorobenzene is considered moderately toxic on an acute basis
by the oral and dermal routes (Toxicity Category III).  It is considered
to be of low toxicity by the inhalation route (Toxicity Category IV). 
It is categorized also as moderately toxic for primary eye irritation
(Toxicity Category II) and dermal irritation (Toxicity Category III). 
Para-dichlorobenzene did not induce delayed contact sensitivity (dermal
sensitization) when tested in guinea pigs.  The acute toxicity profile
for para-dichlorobenzene is summarized in Table 1 below.

Table 1.  Acute Toxicity Profile for Para-dichlorobenzene 

Guideline	Study Type	MRID	Results	Toxicity Categorya

870.1100

	Acute Oral 	40521001	LD50 = 3863 mg/kg (males)

LD50 = 3790 mg/kg (females)	III

870.1200

	Acute Dermal 	40521001	LD50 >6000 mg/kg	III

870.1300

	Acute Inhalation 	41410901	LC50 = > 6.00 mg/L, highest attainable
concentration	IV

870.2400

	Primary Eye Irritation 	42205301	Conjunctivitis and corneal opacity
cleared in 10 days, iritis cleared in 72 hours, vascularization of the
cornea cleared in 10 or 13 days.  The maximum total irritation scores
ranged from 20 to 47 indicating a mild irritant.	II

870.2500

	Primary Dermal Irritation 	42205302	Moderate to severe erythema
persisted for 48-72 hours in most animals. Primary irritation index
(PII) = 2.9	III

870.2600

	Skin Sensitization 	42205303	Negative under the condition of the test. 
N/A

 These technical acute toxicity values included in this document are for
informational purposes only.  The data supporting these values may or
may not meet the current acceptance criteria.

Toxicological Endpoints 

	     The toxicological endpoints used in the human health risk
assessment for para-dichlorobenzene are listed in Table 2 below.  The
toxicity of para-dichlorobenzene has been investigated in several animal
species by the oral and inhalation routes under chronic and subchronic
exposure conditions.  Oral studies in rodents and non-rodent species
indicate that the liver and kidney are common and primary target
organs/tissues.  Decreased body weight, reduced organ weights, and
changes in hematological parameters are considered some of the common
effects for this chemical.  The volatility of this material makes the
inhalation route the most likely route of human exposure under the
current use profile as a moth repellent.  Oral exposure is unlikely
under the current use profile, and may be limited to episodic ingestion
by children.  Inhalation exposure was assessed for the following
exposure durations:  short-term (1-30 days), intermediate-term (1- 6
months), or chronic (> 6 months).  Dermal exposures are expected to be
short-term in nature; therefore, intermediate-term and chronic dermal
endpoints were not selected.  Inhalation (short-term, intermediate-term
and chronic), short-term dermal, and incidental oral (i.e., episodic
ingestion) exposures have been assessed.  

	The available database is considered adequate to characterize any
potential for prenatal or postnatal risks for infants and children based
on the current use profile for para-dichlorobenzene.  The data available
on para-dichlorobenzene included two acceptable prenatal inhalation
developmental toxicity studies in rats and rabbits and a two-generation
inhalation reproduction study in rats.  The data provided no indication
of increased sensitivity of either fetal animals to (in utero) exposure
to para-dichlorobenzene or offspring exposed post-natally to
para-dichlorobenzene.  Furthermore, the No Observed Adverse Effect Level
(NOAEL) of 20 ppm generated in the chronic inhalation
toxicity/carcinogenicity study and the NOAEL of 55 ppm generated in the
13-week inhalation toxicity study in rats provided the most sensitive
endpoints for all exposure duration scenarios.  The regulatory endpoints
defined below exceed effect levels seen in the developmental and
reproductive toxicity studies in rats and rabbits and, therefore, will
be protective of all population subgroups, including infants and
children.   

To estimate residential (dermal, incidental oral, and inhalation) and
occupational (dermal and inhalation) non-cancer risks, the Agency
calculates a margin of exposure (MOE), which is the ratio of the NOAEL
selected for risk assessment to the exposure.  This MOE is compared to a
level of concern which is the same value as the uncertainty factor (UF)
applied to a particular toxicity study.  For para-dichlorobenzene, the
target MOE (i.e., level of concern) for incidental oral and dermal
exposures is 100.  This includes the standard uncertainty factors (UF)
of 10X for intraspecies extrapolation and 10X for interspecies
variation.  For inhalation exposure, a UF of 30 was used to account for
both intraspecies extrapolation (10X) and interspecies variations (3X),
although traditionally, the uncertainty factor for interspecies
extrapolation is 10X.  The 10X is often considered to be made up of two
components, each equal to a half-log value: 3.16 for pharmacokinetics,
which describes how a chemical gets to the target tissue, and 3.16 for
pharmacodynamics, which describes how the target tissue responds to the
chemical.  A full interspecies factor of 10X was not used in this case
because the reference concentration (RfC) methodology developed by the
Agency was followed in which dosimetry adjustments were used to derive a
No Observed Adverse Effect Level Human Equivelant Dose (NOAELHEC), which
accounts for the pharmacokinetic component of the interspecies
extrapolation, thus allowing a reduction of the interspecies factor from
10X to 3X. 

Table 2.  Endpoints Used for Assessing Residential Risks for
Para-dichlorobenzene

Exposure

Scenario	Dose Used in Risk Assessment	Level of Concern (LOC) for Risk
Assessment	Study and Toxicological Effects

Incidental Oral Short-Term (1-30 days)	NOAEL= 25 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10x

UFH= 10x

Total UF= 100X

	4-Week oral toxicity study-dog  

NOAEL= 25 mg/kg/day

LOAEL= 75 mg/kg/day, based on increased liver weight in males and
increased alkaline phosphatase and liver weight, irritation to GI tract
in females.

Dermal Short-Term (1-30 days)	NOAEL > 300 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10x

UFH= 10x

Total UF= 100X

	21-day dermal-rat

 NOAEL > 300 mg/kg/day (HDT) LOAEL > 300 mg/kg/day.

Inhalation Short- Term (1-30 days)	NOAEL= 150 ppm  or 

NOAELHEC= 180.36 mg/m3

	UFA= 3x

UFH= 10x

Total UF= 30X

	28-Day inhalation toxicity - dog 

Decreased body weight and food consumption, hematological and clinical
chemistry changes,  increased absolute and relative liver weight, liver
histopathological changes, decreased absolute heart weight and absolute
and relative adrenal weights seen in both sexes at the next higher dose,
LOAEL, of 500 ppm. 

Inhalation Intermediate-Term (1-6 months)

	NOAEL= 55 ppm

NOAELHEC= 58.92 mg/m3	UFA= 3x

UFH= 10x

Total UF= 30X

	13-Week Inhalation toxicity - mouse 

hematological changes seen at the next higher dose, LOAEL, of 120 ppm. 

Inhalation- Chronic exposure (6-12 months)	NOAEL= 20 ppm 

NOAELHEC=  0.56 ppm or 3.4 mg/m3	UFA= 3x

UFH= 10x

Total UF= 30X

	Toxicity/carcinogenicity– rat

Olfactory epithelium changes observed at the next higher dose, NOAEL, of
75 ppm

Cancer (oral, dermal, inhalation)	Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to
Humans below doses that do not perturb normal liver homeostasis.

  

Based on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) evaluation draft
document of May 2006, the low dose linear extrapolation approach was
suggested.  “The recommended inhalation risk unit for
para-dichlorobenzene is 4x10-3(mg/m3)-1, based on hepatocellular tumors
in male and female mice.”  

NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level.  NOAELHEC = no observed
adverse effect level human equivelant dose.  UF = uncertainty factor. 
UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (intraspecies).  UFH =
potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population
(interspecies).   N/A = not applicable.



2.  Carcinogenicity of Para-dichlorobenzene

	In its meeting of 02/21/2007, the Health Effect Division (HED) Cancer
Assessment Review Committee (CARC) determined that para-dichlorobenzene
has been tested adequately by the oral and inhalation routes in two
acceptable carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice.  The treatment was
associated with increased liver tumors in both sexes of mice dosed
orally or exposed to para-dichlorobenzene via inhalation, and increased
incidences of renal tumors in male, but not female, rats when the
chemical was administered orally but not via inhalation.  The male rat
kidney tumors were judged to have been produced via the
nongenotoxic-cytotoxic alpha-2u-globulin pathway, which is considered to
be specific to the male rat with no counterpart for human beings and,
thus, not relevant for human cancer risk assessment.  

	In accordance with the EPA’s Final Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk
Assessment (March 2007), the CARC classified para-dichlorobenzene as
“Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans” based on evidence that a
non-mutagenic mode of action (MOA) involving mitogenesis was established
for para-dichlorobenzene induced liver tumors in mice and that the
carcinogenic effects are not likely below a defined dose that does not
perturb normal liver homeostasis (e.g., increased liver cell
proliferation).  Mitogenic chemicals act by promoting the clonal
expansion of preneoplastic cells by stimulating cell proliferation.  A
mitogenic chemical stimulates cell proliferation in the target organ
without obvious cytotoxicity or cell death.  Another important feature
of this MOA is that the mitogenic effect is not persistent over time;
instead, it is resolved and then is manifested within proliferative
foci, which are considered preneoplastic lesions.  Through continuous
exposure, it is these preneoplastic lesions that develop into tumors. 
This liver mode of action is generally associated with an increase in
metabolizing enzymes.  In the case of para-dichlorobenzene, there is a
good dose correlation between liver tumors, hepatic microsomal enzyme
induction, and cell proliferation in the absence of overt liver toxicity
consistent with mitogenesis.  Dose concordant morphologic
characteristics, i.e., liver hypertrophy and liver weight increases,
were consistent with this mitogenic mouse liver response.  

		3.  Metabolites and Degradates

	

	As this chemical only has indoor uses, no plant, livestock, or water
metabolism studies were submitted, nor or are they required.  The Agency
reviewed the metabolism of para-dichlorobenzene using the only data
available (rat), which show the conjugates of 2,5-dichlorophenol in
urine after ingestion of para-dichlorobenzene.  This does not present a
concern, since the primary route of exposure is inhalation, and no
metabolites were detected in an inhalation study.  Furthermore, the
Agency is not aware of any degradate formed at the site of application
to which people might be exposed by the potential routes of exposure
(ingestion, dermal contact, or inhalation).

4.  Dietary Risk (Food + Water)

	  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 There are no food uses
currently registered for para-dichlorobenzene; therefore, dietary
exposure is not of concern.  Furthermore, since there are no outdoor
uses for para-dichlorobenzene, drinking water exposure is not
anticipated.  Due to the lack of potential food and drinking water
exposure, a dietary assessment for para-dichlorobenzene was not
conducted.

	

                        5.  Residential Non-Cancer Risk

		  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Residential exposure assessments consider all
potential non-occupational pesticide exposure.  For
para-dichlorobenzene, the Agency has evaluated potential exposure and
risk to para-dichlorobenzene for homeowners who handle (apply) products
containing para-dichlorobenzene.  The Agency also evaluated potential
post-application risk to adults and children entering
para-dichlorobenzene-treated areas.

  

	To estimate residential (inhalation, dermal, and episodic ingestion)
risks, the Agency calculates a margin of exposure (MOE), which is the
ratio of the toxicity endpoint (NOAEL or NOAELHEC) selected for risk
assessment to the exposure.  This MOE is compared to a level of concern
(LOC), which is the same value as the uncertainty factor (UF) applied to
a particular toxicity study.  For para-dichlorobenzene, the uncertainty
factors are 100 for both dermal and episodic ingestion exposures, and 30
for short-term, intermediate-term, and chronic inhalation exposures.  A
summary of para-dichlorobenzene residential risk follows.  For further
information on residential risk, refer to the Para-dichlorobenzene:
Occupational and Residential Exposure Assessment and Recommendations for
the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED), dated September 28, 2007.

	a.  Residential Handler Non-Cancer Risks

	The Agency determined that there is the potential for residential
handlers to be exposed to para-dichlorobenzene during application.  Of
para-dichlorobenzene’s registered residential uses, the application of
mothballs to sites such as closets and drawers by hand were considered
the exposure scenarios with the greatest potential for exposure.  The
Agency anticipates handler inhalation exposure during the application
process; however, appropriate inhalation handler exposure data are not
available to assess this scenario, therefore, only dermal exposure was
assessed for residential handlers.  Exposure data does exist for
short-term exposure from post-application inhalation exposure to areas
treated with para-dichlorobenzene, and this exposure scenario has been
assessed.  The Agency assumes that the short-term post-application
inhalation assessment is protective for handler inhalation exposure,
since measured concentrations of para-dichlorobenzene would likely be
greater due to the time allotted in the exposure study for the product
to accumulate in the enclosed areas that were treated.  Since handler
dermal exposure durations are expected to be short-term only,
intermediate-term and chronic dermal exposures were not assessed.  Since
there were no chemical-specific exposure data addressing the use of a
hand for indoor mothball applications, the dermal unit exposure values
were based on surrogate data from naphthalene, another chemical which is
also used in mothballs. 

The residential handler dermal MOEs for both scenarios assessed (closets
and drawers) were greater than 100 (MOE = 33,000 and 224,000,
respectively) and, therefore, are below the Agency’s LOC.

		b.  Residential Post-Application Non-Cancer Risks

The Agency uses the term “post-application” to describe exposures to
individuals that occur as a result of being in an environment that has
been previously treated with a pesticide.  Unlike residential handler
exposure, for which the Agency assumed only adults will be handling and
applying para-dichlorobenzene products, individuals of varying ages can
potentially be exposed when reentering or performing activities in areas
that have been previously treated.  

	

	Of the registered residential uses of para-dichlorobenzene, the
greatest potential for post-application inhalation exposures is
anticipated after moth ball applications are made to areas such as
closets and dresser drawers.  For para-dichlorobenzene, the adult and
toddler inhalation exposure estimates are the same, since the endpoints
derived from the inhalation toxicity studies (all durations) were
adjusted for pharmacokinetic (PK) differences when NOAELHECs were
calculated.  Therefore, post-application inhalation risk was assessed
for adults only.  There is also a potential for post-application
exposure to children ingesting mothballs.  The Agency does not consider
ingestion of mothballs to be a routine behavior, but instead considers
this an episodic event.  Accordingly, risk to children from episodic
ingestion of para-dichlorobenzene was assessed. 

	Since no chemical-specific post-application data were submitted in
support of para-dichlorobenzene, the Agency used exposure data from a
naphthalene study, “Estimation of Homeowner Exposure to LX1298-01
(Naphthalene) Resulting from Simulated Residential Use as an Insect
Repellent”, for the short-term inhalation assessment.  The Agency
determined that this study provided the best currently available
estimate of exposure levels to para-dichlorobenzene vapors for
short-term durations, because it was based on the maximum label use rate
for naphthalene, which matches that of para-dichlorobenzene.  Therefore,
the naphthalene homeowner exposure study was used as a surrogate for
estimating para-dichlorobenzene levels for the short-term inhalation
exposure scenario.  In this study, concentrations were measured over a
three day period near the treatment location (closets and drawers) and
throughout the house.  The average exposure levels corresponding to
these locations were 0.85 and 0.66 mg/m3, respectively.  Due to the
similar use and retreatment rates for mothballs containing naphthalene
and para-dichlorobenzene, the Agency anticipates that the exposure
levels of these chemicals when formulated as mothballs are similar. 
However, para-dichlorobenzene has a higher vapor pressure than
naphthalene, and this indicates that the use of naphthalene data as a
surrogate for para-dichlorobenzene does not necessarily result in a
conservative risk estimate.  To address this uncertainty, the Agency
will require a confirmatory chamber study to determine levels of
para-dichlorobenzene in the air resulting from use of mothballs at the
maximum label rate.        

	For intermediate- and long-term post-application inhalation assessment,
the Agency used studies conducted by EPA entitled “Total Exposure
Assessment Methodology (TEAM)” to estimate exposure values.  Among
other things, these studies measured indoor residential concentrations
of para-dichlorobenzene.  The data indicate a seasonal dependence of the
para-dichlorobenzene levels.  The Agency used maximum mean concentration
of 36.2 ug/m3 (winter value) to assess intermediate-term scenarios.  For
long-term assessment, an average of the seasonal value (21 ug/m3) was
used.  

	Because no acute endpoint was selected, the Agency used the short-term
incidental oral endpoint of 25 mg/kg/day derived from a 4-week dog oral
toxicity study to estimate risk from episodic ingestion of one mothball.
 The Agency believes the risk estimate for mothball ingestion is
conservative, since it is based on a comparison of episodic (one-time
event) exposure duration to a toxic endpoint reflecting repeated
short-term exposures.  The residential risk assessment is also based on
current label rates and use instructions, as well as on estimates of
what and how much homeowners typically treat, from the Agency’s
standard operating procedures for residential exposures and best
professional judgment.  For more information on the residential
post-application assessment parameters, refer to the
Para-dichlorobenzene: Occupational and Residential Exposure Assessment
and Recommendations for the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED),
dated September 28, 2007.

 The LOC for episodic ingestion is an MOE of 100.  This includes the
standard UF of 10X for intraspecies extrapolation and 10X for
interspecies variation.  For post-application inhalation exposure, the
LOC is 30, based on a UF of 10X for intraspecies extrapolation and a UF
of 3X for interspecies variations.  While the post-application
inhalation risk estimates are not of concern (MOEs are above 100), the
episodic ingestion scenario is of concern, with an MOE below 1.  The
Agency performed additional calculations to determine the dose level
required to result in a MOE of 100.  Based on these calculations, oral
consumption of anything greater than 0.25 mg/kg/day of
para-dichlorobenzene results in a MOE less than 100 and is considered a
risk of concern.  This oral dose of para-dichlorobenzene, 0.25
mg/kg/day, is equivalent to a 15 kg toddler consuming 0.16% of one 2.35
g mothball.  The residential post-application MOEs for
para-dichlorobenzene are summarized in Table 3 below.

Table 3.  Para dichlorobenzene Non-Cancer Residential Post-Application
Risk 

Source of  exposure	Exposed Population	MOE

Episodic mothball Ingestion

Mothballs	Toddler	<1

Inhalation Short –Term

Mothballs	Adult  (Accessing Treated Areas)	212

	Adult (Inhabiting Treated Home)	273

Inhalation Intermediate –Term

Mothballs	Adult	1650

Inhalation Long- –Term

Mothballs	Adult	160



Residential Cancer Risk

	Generally, when the Agency determines that there is a plausible MOA for
a carcinogen, a low dose linear extrapolation for cancer is not
conducted.  However, the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
program is currently reviewing the mode of action evidence for
para-dichlorobenzene and has not yet made a determination of
non-linearity.  IRIS is a database of human health effects that may
result from exposure to various substances found in the environment, and
it is maintained by EPA’s National Center for Environmental Assessment
(NCEA).  IRIS was initially developed for EPA staff in response to a
growing demand for consistent information on chemical substances for use
in risk assessments, decision-making and regulatory activities.  The
information in IRIS is intended for those without extensive training in
toxicology, but with some knowledge of health sciences.  Since NCEA has
not yet made a non-linearity determination, for the purposes of the
present assessment, the Agency is presenting a linear low-dose
extrapolation risk for cancer.

	A draft IRIS document on para-dichlorobenzene was recently circulated
for external peer review (Revised Final Draft, May 2006.
EPA/635/R-03/015).  In this document, NCEA concluded that a cancer risk
assessment should be based on a low-dose linear extrapolation model, and
the final draft of May 2006 provided two slope factors for hepatic
tumors in male and female mice.  The first was based on oral exposure
(table 5-5, page 136), 1.7x10-2 (mg/kg/day)-1 and 4.0x10-3 (mg/kg/day)-1
for males and females, respectively.  The second was based on inhalation
exposure (pages 141 and 142), 4.5x10-3 (mg/m3)-1 and 4.3x10-3 (mg/m3)-1,
for males and females, respectively.  NCEA recommended an overall unit
risk for both males and females of 4x10-3(mg/m3)-1 based on inhalation
exposure.  This unit risk should not be used with exposures exceeding
the point of departure (23mg/m3), because above this level the fitted
dose-response model better characterizes what is known about
para-dichlorobenzene inhalation carcinogenicity.  In addition to the
slope factors, the draft IRIS document provided Bench Mark Concentration
Doses at which a 10% response for liver tumors was seen in the mice (BMC
10) and its 95% lower bound (BMCL 10) based on inhalation exposures. 
The (BMC 10) and (BMCL 10) for hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma in
female mice were 41.3 mg/m3 and 22.9 mg/m3, respectively.

            Cancer risk estimates resulting from exposures to
para-dichlorobenzene were calculated for homeowners handling mothballs
and individuals living in homes treated with mothballs and inhaling
mothball vapors.  A Lifetime Average Daily Dose (LADD) was calculated
and then multiplied by a slope factor of 4x10-3(mg/m3)-1, which was
calculated by NCEA based on dose response data for hepatic tumors in
male and female mice exposed to para-dichlorobenzene via inhalation. 
The estimates of cancer risk are based on the assumption of low dose
linearity and range from 7.1 x 10-9 for dermal exposure during the
application of mothballs to 6.0 x 10-5 for post-application inhalation
exposure to mothballs.

	For the estimation of cancer risk for dermal exposures of homeowners
handling mothballs, dermal exposures were compared to inhalation
endpoints.  Cancer risks were assessed for dermal exposures using an
inhalation endpoint, since systemic effects (liver tumors) were noted in
the inhalation studies for para-dichlorobenzene.  The slope factor is
based on these systemic effects.  If the toxic effects after inhalation
exposures were localized (nose only) and not systemic, it would not be
appropriate to include a cancer risk for dermal exposures that relied
upon a toxic endpoint for localized effects resulting from inhalation
exposures.  

	           a.  Residential Handler Cancer Risk

	For the residential handler cancer risk estimate, a highly conservative
assumption that adult individuals are exposed annually for 50 years out
of a 70 year lifetime was used. In addition, the cancer risk estimates
are conservative because the LADD calculated for dermal exposures do not
include a dermal absorption factor; instead, 100% dermal absorption has
been assumed. 

	Estimated cancer risks for dermal exposures of adults handling
mothballs during application are below 1 x 10-6 using the linear
approach and, therefore, are below the Agency’s levels of concern. 
The cancer risks for dermal exposures of handlers are presented below in
Table 4.

Table 4.  Para-dichlorobenzene Cancer Risks for Adults During Mothball
Application (Dermal Exposures)



Application Method	

Exposed Individual	

Location	Dermal Average Daily Dose (mg/kg/day)	

LADD (mg/kg/day)	

Cancer Risk 

Hand	Adult	Closet	0.0091	3.55 x 10-5	4.9 x 10-8



Drawer	0.00134	5.20 x 10-6	7.1 x 10-9



			            b.  Residential Post-Application Cancer Risk

	        Estimated para-dichlorobenzene cancer risks for
post-application inhalation exposures are presented below in Table 5.

Table 5.  Para-dichlorobenzene Post Application Cancer Risk Assessment
for Inhalation Exposures

Exposed Individual	Inhalation Average Daily Dose (ug/m3)	LADD (ug/m3)
Cancer Risk

Adult	21	15	6.0 x 10-5



	Using linear low dose extrapolation and a slope factor of 4.0x10-3
(mg/m3)-1, the cancer risk estimates could be as high as 6 x 10-5.  For
the residential post-application cancer risk estimate, a highly
conservative assumption that homeowners are exposed annually for 50
years out of a 70 year lifetime was used.  

The linear low dose extrapolation model provides a range of cancer
risks.  As with all linear low dose extrapolation models, the range is
bracketed by an upper bound and a lower bound on these risks.  The 6 x
10-5 cancer risk estimate represents an upper bound on cancer risk for
exposures to para-dichlorobenzene, but the cancer risk could be as low
as zero.  This is independent of the strengths and weaknesses of the
cancer data.  OPP believes that the carcinogenic risks are below the
upper bound and may be closer to zero for para-dichlorobenzene for
several reasons.  In addition to the inherent uncertainty in the linear
low dose extrapolation model estimates discussed above, as described in
Section 2: Carcinogenicity of Para-dichlorobenzene, available evidence
indicates that the mechanism leading to tumor formation in the livers of
mice after exposure to para-dichlorobenzene is based on sustained
mitogenic stimulation and proliferation of hepatocytes.  This
information forms the basis of a plausible mode of action for
tumorigenesis in the mice livers.  In addition, the BMCL10 (the lower
limit of the benchmark concentration central estimate for a 10% response
above background.  Note:  a 10% response is at the limit of sensitivity
in most cancer bioassays) for hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma
formation in female mice is 22.9 mg/m3.  If the BMCL10 is compared to
the measured concentrations of para-dichlorobenzene in people’s homes
(0.021 mg/ m3), the   BMCL10 is 1000 times higher than actual exposures.
 That is, there is a 1000-fold margin of safety between the
concentration at which there is a 10% tumor response in test animals, at
the lowest measurable incidence, and actual measured exposure in
people’s homes.  Consequently, OPP believes the carcinogenic risk from
this use is not of concern for the following reasons: 1) there is
mechanistic data to support a lower cancer risk estimate based on a
mitogenic mode of carcinogenic action, 2) conservatisms in the exposure
estimates, and 3) a large margin of safety between estimated human
exposure and the point at which there is a measurable (10%) tumor
response.

7.  Aggregate Risk

           Since para-dichlorobenzene does not have outdoor uses
registered, which could result in drinking water exposure, or any food
uses, which could result in dietary exposure, a dietary risk assessment
was not conducted.  Similarly, because dietary risk is not expected, an
aggregate assessment combining residential, food, and drinking water
exposure was not conducted.  The Agency did not aggregate adult dermal
exposures while handling para-dichlorobenzene products with inhalation
post-application exposures, because there were no dermal effects noted
at the highest dose tested (HDT).  Inhalation and episodic (incidental)
ingestion routes of exposure were not combined for toddlers in order to
differentiate the occurrence of a discrete accidental event (assessed to
give a worst-case estimate of risk) from the expected daily exposure via
the inhalation route.  It would not be appropriate to combine an
accidental, episodic exposure for comparison to a short-(or longer) term
endpoint. 

				 8.  Occupational Risk 

           The only occupational use of para-dichlorobenzene arises from
use in empty beehives.  Exposure from this activity is expected to be
no higher than the handler (dermal) and post-application (inhalation)
exposures from the indoor residential use of mothballs which were
assessed.  Risk estimates for residential handler and post-application
exposures are protective of this occupational use and below levels of
concern. As a result, a separate risk assessment for occupational
exposures (handler and post-application) was not conducted for
para-dichlorobenzene.

	            9.  Human Incident Data

	In evaluating incidents to humans, the Agency reviewed reports from the
National Poison Control Centers (PCC), the Agency’s Office of
Pesticide Program’s Incident Data System (IDS), the California
Pesticide Illness Surveillance Program, National Pesticide Information
Center, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health’s (NIOSH) Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational
Risk (SENSOR) program.

	The summary findings for the period 1993 to 2005 for
para-dichlorobenzene, primarily from PCC data are:

The proportion of symptomatic cases among those exposed in all
population groups evaluated (occupation, non-occupational, children)
were not significantly different from the overall, national composite
average.  Specifically, the proportion of symptoms among those followed
and the proportion hospitalizations among those seen at a health care
facility (HCF) is lower than the composite of all chemicals.  

Among children under the age of six, there were 3165 exposure cases to
para-dichlorobenzene while the entire population has 4480; children
represent the largest portion of the total exposed in the population
(70.6%). 

There was an average of about 344 exposures per year, 33 symptomatic
cases per year, and 38 cases per year seen in a heath care facility
across all population groups.

An irregular decreasing annual trend is evident in the 12 year-span of
data collected; the number of total exposed cases was reduced by half in
this period.

	B.  Environmental Risk Assessment

	Since there are no outdoor uses of para-dichlorobenzene, and indoor
uses of para-dichlorobenzene are not expected to result in ecological
exposure, an ecological risk assessment was not completed, as is
described in the Para-dichlorobenzene: EFED Memorandum in Support of the
Reregistration Eligibility Decision, dated May 8, 2007.  This
determination is confirmed in the Para-dichlorobenzene: Addendum to
EFED’s Memorandum in Support of the Reregistration Eligibility
Decision, dated September 28, 2007, which states that
para-dichlorobenzene is used for control of wax moths in empty beehives
(EPA Reg. No. 61617-2), but is not an outdoor use.  Label directions
instruct users to apply at a maximum rate of 0.19 lbs a.i. for hives in
storage.  Users are instructed to air out hives before reuse, because
residual para-dichlorobenzene would harm bees in a hive.  In addition,
para-dichlorobenzene must not be present in populated hives, because the
odor of para-dichlorobenzene could be absorbed by the honey, and
para-dichlorobenzene has no food tolerances.  

IV.  Risk Management, Reregistration, and Tolerance Reassessment
Decision

	A.  Determination of Reregistration Eligibility  tc "	A.	Determination
of Reregistration Eligibility " \l 2 

	Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after
submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether or
not products containing the active ingredient are eligible for
reregistration.  The Agency has previously identified and required the
submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient-specific) data
required to support reregistration of products containing
para-dichlorobenzene as active ingredients.  The Agency has completed
its review of these generic data, and has determined that the data are
sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing
para-dichlorobenzene.	

	The Agency has completed its assessment of the human health and
ecological risks associated with the use of pesticide products
containing para-dichlorobenzene.  The Agency has determined that
para-dichlorobenzene-containing products are eligible for reregistration
provided that label amendments are made as outlined in Chapter V. 
Appendix A summarizes the uses of para-dichlorobenzene that are eligible
for reregistration.  Appendix B identifies the generic data requirements
that the Agency reviewed as part of its determination of reregistration
eligibility of para-dichlorobenzene, and lists the submitted studies
that the Agency found acceptable.  

	Based on its evaluation of para-dichlorobenzene, the Agency has
determined that products containing para-dichlorobenzene, unless labeled
and used as specified in this document, would present risks inconsistent
with FIFRA.  Accordingly, should a registrant fail to implement any of
the risk mitigation measures identified in this document, the Agency
will take regulatory action to address the risk concerns from the use of
para-dichlorobenzene.  If all changes outlined in this document are
incorporated into the product labels, then all current risks for
para-dichlorobenzene will be adequately mitigated for the purposes of
this determination under FIFRA.  

	

	B.  Public Comment Period

	Because the risks associated with the use of para-dichlorobenzene were
considered to be low, and the Agency intends to revisit the proposed
mitigation measures during the review of naphthalene (a chemical with
similar products and uses), the Agency determined an expedited one phase
RED process was appropriate for para-dichlorobenzene, and a public
comment period was not conducted.   However, since the Agency is
proposing mitigation measures for para-dichlorobenzene, a 60-day public
comment period will be conducted after the RED is issued, and will be
announced in the Federal Register.  Comments may be submitted under
Docket number EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0937 at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.regulations.gov"  http://www.regulations.gov .  The RED
document and technical supporting documents for para-dichlorobenzene are
also available to the public through EPA’s electronic public docket
and comment system, Regulations.gov, under docket identification (ID)
number EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0937.  In addition, the para-dichlorobenzene RED
document may be downloaded or viewed through the Agency’s website at  
  HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm." 
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm. 

	C.  Regulatory Position

		1.  Regulatory Rationale

			

	The Agency has determined that products containing para-dichlorobenzene
are eligible for reregistration provided that specified label amendments
are made.  The following is a summary of the rationale for managing
risks associated with the use of para-dichlorobenzene.  Where labelling
revisions are warranted, specific language is set forth in the summary
table of Section V.

Residential Non-Cancer Risk

	For non-cancer residential risk, the MOEs for all handler scenarios
assessed were greater than 100 (i.e. were below the Agency’s LOC), and
therefore, no mitigation measures are required.  

	Residential post-application non-cancer risk (inhalation and episodic
ingestion) was also assessed.  The MOEs for all durations of
post-application inhalation exposure were greater than 30, i.e., the
Agency’s LOC, and therefore, no mitigation measures are required.  The
MOE for post-application episodic ingestion was less than 1, which is
less than the target LOC of 100, and therefore, is of concern.  The
Agency believes the risk estimate for mothball ingestion is conservative
and overestimates risk, since it is based on a comparison of episodic
(one-time event) exposure duration to a toxic endpoint reflecting
repeated short-term exposures.  The Agency acknowledges there are
uncertainties associated with both the toxicity data used for the
episodic ingestion risk assessment and with the human incident report. 
However, the information available indicates a potential risk of
concern.  Because of the magnitude of the risk suggested by the MOE for
episodic ingestion, the Agency has conducted risk mitigation discussions
with the para-dichlorobenzene technical and end-use registrants, and
recommends that mothballs no longer be marketed in such a way that
individual moth balls are applied to areas accessible to children.  To
that end, the Agency intends to require that products be packaged in a
way that would discourage children from eating the product.  Sachets,
for example, which are already used by some registrants for an end use
moth repellant product, if made of a tear-resistant material, would make
the moth ball product less accessible.  In addition, the Agency will
require precautionary label language which warns consumers of a possible
episodic ingestion risk to children.  The Agency will revisit these
requirements in parallel with a review of naphthalene (a chemical with
similar products and uses), currently scheduled for reregistration in
2008.

Residential Cancer Risk

	Cancer risk estimates resulting from exposures to para-dichlorobenzene
were calculated for homeowners handling mothballs (dermal), and
individuals living in homes treated with mothballs and inhaling mothball
vapors using a linear low dose extrapolation model.  

 

	Estimated cancer risks for dermal exposures of adults handling
mothballs during application are below 1 x 10-6 using the linear
approach and, therefore, are below the Agency’s level of concern. 

	For the residential post-application inhalation risk estimate, OPP
determined that carcinogenic risk is also not of concern.  See Section
III of this document for a discussion of residential post-application
cancer risk.

Occupational Risk

	The only occupational use of para-dichlorobenzene arises from use in
empty beehives.  Exposure from this activity is expected to be no
higher than the handler (dermal) and post-application (inhalation)
exposures from the indoor residential use of mothballs which were
assessed.  Risk estimates for residential handler and post-application
exposures are protective of this occupational use and below levels of
concern. As a result, a separate risk assessment for occupational
exposures (handler and post-application) was not conducted for
para-dichlorobenzene.

		2.  Endocrine Disruptor Effects  tc ".	Endocrine Disruptor Effects "
\l 4 

EPA is required under the FFDCA, as amended by FQPA, to develop a
screening program to determine whether certain substances (including all
pesticide active and other ingredients) “may have an effect in humans
that is similar to an effect produced by a naturally occurring estrogen,
or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may designate.” 
Following the recommendations of its Endocrine Disruptor Screening and
Testing Advisory Committee (EDSTAC), EPA determined that there were
scientific bases for including, as part of the program, androgen and
thyroid hormone systems, in addition to the estrogen hormone system. 
EPA also adopted EDSTAC’s recommendation that the Program include
evaluations of potential effects in wildlife.  When the appropriate
screening and/or testing protocols being considered under the Agency’s
Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program (EDSP) have been developed and
vetted, para-dichlorobenzene may be subjected to additional screening
and/or testing to better characterize effects related to endocrine
disruption.

		3.  Endangered Species 

	The Endangered Species Act required federal agencies to ensure that
their actions are not likely to jeopardize listed species or adversely
modify designated critical habitat.  The Agency has developed the
Endangered Species Protection Program to identify pesticides whose use
may cause adverse impacts on federally listed endangered and threatened
species, and to implement mitigation measures that address these
impacts.  A determination that there is a likelihood of potential
effects to a listed species may result in limitations on the use of the
pesticide, other measures to mitigate any potential effects, and/or
consultations with the Fish and Wildlife Service or National Marine
Fisheries Service, as necessary.  

	  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1  The Agency has reviewed the registrations and
other information for para-dichlorobenzene and concludes that this
insecticide does not pose a risk of direct acute or chronic effects to
any species listed under the Endangered Species Act, since the
registered uses for para-dichlorobenzene will not result in outdoor
exposure to endangered species.

 tc "E.	Regulatory Rationale " \l 2 

	D.  Labeling Requirements  tc ".	Other Labeling Requirements " \l 3 

	In order to be eligible for reregistration, various use and safety
information will be included in the labeling of all end-use products
containing para-dichlorobenzene.  For the specific labeling statements,
refer to Section V of this RED document.  		 

V.  What Registrants Need to Do

	The Agency has determined that products containing para-dichlorobenzene
are eligible for reregistration provided that the required label
amendments are made.  The Agency intends to issue Data Call-In Notices
(DCIs) requiring product-specific data.  Generally, registrants will
have 90 days from receipt of a DCI to complete and submit response forms
or request time extension and/or waiver requests with a full written
justification.  For product-specific data, the registrant will have
eight months to submit data.  Below are the label amendments that the
Agency intends to require for para-dichlorobenzene to be eligible for
reregistration.  

	A.  Manufacturing Use Products  tc "A.	Manufacturing Use Products " \l
2 

  Additional Generic Data Requirements 

	The generic data base supporting the reregistration of
para-dichlorobenzene for currently registered uses has been reviewed and
determined to be substantially complete.  However, the Agency is
requiring a confirmatory chamber study (875.2500) to determine levels of
para-dichlorobenzene in the air resulting from use of mothballs at the
maximum label rate.  It is recommended that a study protocol be
submitted to the Agency for review prior to the inception of the study. 

		2.  Labeling for Manufacturing-Use Products

	To ensure compliance with FIFRA, manufacturing-use product (MUP)
labeling should be revised to comply with all current EPA regulations,
PR Notices, and applicable policies.  The MUP labeling should bear the
labeling contained in Table 6.

	B.   End-Use Products 

 tc "B. 	End-Use Products " \l 2 

		1.  Additional Product-Specific Data Requirements  tc "1.	Additional
Product-Specific Data Requirements " \l 3 

	Section 4(g)(2)(B) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to obtain any needed
product-specific data regarding the pesticide after a determination of
eligibility has been made.  The Registrant must review previous data
submissions to ensure that they meet current EPA acceptance criteria and
if not, commit to conduct new studies.  If a registrant believes that
previously submitted data meet current testing standards, then the study
MRID numbers should be cited according to the instructions in the
Requirement Status and Registrants Response Form provided for each
product.  The Agency intends to issue a separate product-specific data
call-in (PDCI), outlining specific data requirements.  For any questions
regarding the PDCI, please contact Veronica Dutch at 703-308-8585. 

		2.  Labeling for End-Use Products 

 tc "2.	Labeling for End-Use Products " \l 3 

	To be eligible for reregistration, labeling changes are necessary to
implement measures outlined in Section IV above.  Specific language to
incorporate these changes is specified in Table 6.  Generally,
conditions for the distribution and sale of products bearing old
labels/labeling will be established when the label changes are approved.
 However, specific existing stocks time frames will be established
case-by-case, depending on the number of products involved, the number
of label changes, and other factors. 

   C.  Labeling Changes Summary Table

For para-dichlorobenzene to be eligible for reregistration, all
para-dichlorobenzene labels must be amended to incorporate the risk
mitigation measures outlined in Section IV.  Table 6 describes how
language on the labels should be amended.

Table 6.  Summary of Labeling Changes for Para-dichlorobenzene

Description	Amended Labeling Language	Placement on Label

Manufacturing Use Products

For all Manufacturing Use Products	“Only for formulation into an
insecticide/repellent for the following use(s) [fill blank only with
those uses that are being supported by MP registrant].”

“Special packaging for mothball, flake, and crystal end use products
are required to reduce the risk that children will ingest the
product.” 	Directions for use

One of these statements may be added to a label to allow reformulation
of the product for a specific use or all additional uses supported by a
formulator or user group	“This product may be used to formulate
products for specific use(s) not listed on the MP label if the
formulator, user group, or grower has complied with U.S. EPA submission
requirements regarding support of such use(s).”

“This product may be used to formulate products for any additional
use(s) not listed on the MP label if the formulator, user group, or
grower has complied with U.S. EPA submission requirements regarding
support of such use(s).”	Directions for Use

Environmental Hazards Statements 	“ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS”

“Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes,
streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance
with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Eliminations
System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in
writing prior to discharge.  Do not discharge effluent containing this
product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage
treatment plant authority.  For guidance, contact your State Water Board
or Regional Office of the Environmental Protection Agency.” 
Precautionary Statements:  Environmental Hazards



End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use 

PPE Requirements Established by the RED

For All Formulations	“Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)”

“All applicators and other handlers must wear:

- Long sleeved shirt,

- Long pants,

- Shoes plus socks.”	Immediately following/below 

Precautionary Statements:  Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals

User Safety Requirements	“Follow manufacturer's instructions for
cleaning/maintaining PPE.  If no such instructions for washables exist,
use detergent and hot water.  Keep and wash PPE separately from other
laundry.”

“Discard clothing and other absorbent materials that have been
drenched or heavily contaminated with this product’s concentrate.  Do
not reuse them.”

	Precautionary Statements:  Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals
immediately following the PPE requirements

User Safety Recommendations

	“User Safety Recommendations”

“Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using
tobacco, or using the toilet.

Users should remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. 
Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing.

Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product.  Wash
the outside of gloves before removing.  As soon as possible, wash
thoroughly and change into clean clothing.”	Precautionary Statements
under: Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals

(Must be placed in a box.)

Episodic Ingestion Statements	“IMPORTANT:  This product can be harmful
to children when ingested.   Do not allow children to ingest the
product.”

	Directions for Use

End-Use Products Intended for Residential Use

Episodic Ingestion Statements	“IMPORTANT:  This product can be harmful
to children when ingested.   Do not allow children to ingest the
product.”

	Directions for Use



Appendix A.  Use Patterns Eligible for Reregistration for
Para-dichlorobenzene

Use Site	Formulation Type	Product Type	Maximum Application
Rate/Application2	Unit	Maximum Retreatment Interval

Beehives- Empty	Crystalline	N/S1	0.1875	lb/hive	NS

Birds	Crystalline	N/S	0.0313	lb/cage	NS

Household/Domestic Dwellings Contents	Crystalline	Balls, Flakes,
Crystals, Cakes, and Sachets	0.02	lb/ft3	7

Household/Domestic Dwellings Contents	Crystalline	Block	0.0249	lb/ft3	7

Household/Domestic Dwellings Indoor Nonfood Handling Areas	Impregnated
Material	Varpel Rope	9.86	ft/1000 ft3	NS

Human Clothing	Crystalline	Balls, Flakes, Crystals, Cakes, and Sachets
0.02	lb/ft3	7

1.  Not specified.

2.  Para-dichlorobenzene has neither reentry interval restrictions nor
restrictions on the maximum number of application per year.

Appendix B

GUIDE TO APPENDIX B

Appendix B contains listings of data requirements which support the
reregistration for active ingredients within the case 3058 covered by
this Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document.  It contains generic
data requirements that apply to 3058 in all products, including data
requirements for which a "typical formulation" is the test substance.

									

	The data table is organized in the following format:

	1.  Data Requirement (Column 1).  The data requirements are listed in
the order in which they appear in 40 CFR Part 158.  The reference
numbers accompanying each test refer to the test protocols set in the
Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, which are available from the National
Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA
22161 (703) 487-4650.

	2.  Use Pattern (Column 2).  This column indicates the use patterns for
which the data requirements apply.  The following letter designations
are used for the given use patterns:

				A	Terrestrial food

				B	Terrestrial feed

				C	Terrestrial non-food

				D	Aquatic food

				E	Aquatic non-food outdoor

				F	Aquatic non-food industrial

				G	Aquatic non-food residential

				H	Greenhouse food

				I	Greenhouse non-food

				J	Forestry

				K	Residential

				L	Indoor food

				M	Indoor non-food

				N	Indoor medical

				O	Indoor residential

	3.  Bibliographic citation (Column 3).  If the Agency has acceptable
data in its files, this column lists the identifying number of each
study.  This normally is the Master Record Identification (MRID) number,
but may be a "GS" number if no MRID number has been assigned.  Refer to
the Bibliography appendix for a complete citation of the study.

Appendix B

Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of 

Para-dichlorobenzene

REQUIREMENT	Use Pattern	CITATION(S)

PRODUCT CHEMISTRY

New Guideline Number	Study Description



830.1600	Description of Materials Used to Produce the Product	M	46460601

830.1620	Description of Production Process	M	46285301; 46460601

830.1670	Formation of Impurities	M	46285301; 46460601

830.1700	Preliminary Analysis	M	46285301

830.1800	Analytical Method	M	46285301                        

830.6302	Color	M	46285301

830.6303	Physical State	M	46285301

830.6304	Odor	M	46285301

830.6315	Flammability	M	46285301

830.6317	Storage Stability	M	46285301

830.6320	Corrosion Characteristics	M	46285301

830.7000	pH	M	46285301

830.7050	UV/Visible Absorption	M	Data Gap

830.7200	Melting Point	M	46285301

830.7220	Boiling Point/Boiling Range	M	46285301

830.7300	Density	M	46285301

830.7840	Water Solubility	M	46285301

830.7950	Vapor Pressure	M	46285301

TOXICOLOGY

870.1100	Acute Oral Toxicity – Rat	M	40521001

870.1200	Acute Dermal Toxicity – Rabbit	M	40521001 

870.1300	Acute Inhalation – Rat	M	41410901

870.2400	Acute Eye Irritation – Rabbit	M	42205301

870.2500	Acute Dermal Irritation -  Rabbit	M	42205302

870.2600	Skin Sensitization – Guinea Pig	M	42205303

870.3150	90-Day Oral Toxicity- Dog	M	43988801

870.3200	21-Day Dermal Toxicity – Rat	M	41315001

870.3465	90-Day Inhalation Toxicity – Dog	M	41822801

870.3700	Prenatal Developmental Toxicity 	M	42619601 (Rat); 40568001
(Rabbit)

870.3800	Reproduction and Fertility Effects – Rat	M	41108801

830.4100	Chronic Toxicity – Dog	M	43988802

870.4300	Combined Chronic Feeding/ Carcinogenicity	M	40521005 (Rat);
40521005 (Mouse)

870.5100	Bacterial Reverse Mutation 	M	40521004; 40568002; 40568003 

870.5275	Sex-linked Recessive Lethal Test in Drosophila Melanogaster	M
40521007

870.5300	Cytogenetics- Mouse Lymphoma Mutagenic Assay	M	40521007;
40521013; 40521014

870.5375	Cytogenetics – Sister Chromatid Exchange In CHO cells. 	M
43368448; 43868210; 40521007

870.5395	In Vitro Mammalian Cytogenetics Tests	M	43368447; 40521012

870.5450	Rodent Dominant Lethal Assay	M	40521011

870.5550	Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells in Culture	M
40521008

870.5900	In Vitro Sister Chromatid Exchange Assay	M	40521007

870.6200 	Acute Neurotoxicity Screening Battery	M	43350601

870.6200 	Subchronic Neurotoxicity Screening Battery – Rat	M	43350602

870.7485	General Metabolism	M	41697801

OCCUPATIONAL/RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE

875.2400	Dermal Exposure	M	43716501

870.2500	Inhalation Exposure	M	Data Gap



Appendix C.	Technical Support Documents

	Additional documentation in support of this RED is maintained in the
OPP docket, located in Room S-4400, One Potomac Yard (South Building),
1777 S. Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA.  It is open Monday through Friday,
excluding legal holidays, from 8:30 am to 4 pm.

	The risk assessments and other supporting documents for
para-dichlorobenzene are available in the Public Docket, under docket
number EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0937, and on the Agency’s web page,   HYPERLINK
"http://www.regulations.gov."  http://www.regulations.gov.   The docket
contains risk assessments and related documents as of December, 2007.  

	Technical support documents for the Para-dichlorobenzene RED include
the following:

Health Effects Documents

1.  Para-dichlorobenzene: Occupational and Residential Exposure
Assessment and Recommendations for the Reregistration Eligibility
Decision (RED), dated September 28, 2007.

      2.  Para-dichlorobenzene:  HED Chapter of the Reregistration
Eligibility Decision Document (RED), dated September 27, 2007.

      3.  Review of Paradichlorobenzene Incident Reports, dated June 25,
2007.

		

Ecological Fate and Effects Documents

      1.  Para-dichlorobenzene: EFED Memorandum in Support of the
Reregistration Eligibility Decision, dated May 8, 2007.  

      2.  Para-dichlorobenzene: Addendum to EFED’s Memorandum in
Support of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision, dated September 28,
2007.

	

Appendix D.	Citations Considered to be Part of the Database Supporting
the Reregistration Decision (Bibliography)

GUIDE TO APPENDIX D

1.	CONTENTS OF BIBLIOGRAPHY.  This bibliography contains citations of
all studies considered relevant by EPA in arriving at the positions and
conclusions stated elsewhere in the Reregistration Eligibility Document.
 Primary sources for studies in this bibliography have been the body of
data submitted to EPA and its predecessor agencies in support of past
regulatory decisions.  Selections from other sources including the
published literature, in those instances where they have been
considered, are included.

2.	UNITS OF ENTRY.  The unit of entry in this bibliography is called a
"study".  In the case of published materials, this corresponds closely
to an article.  In the case of unpublished materials submitted to the
Agency, the Agency has sought to identify documents at a level parallel
to the published article from within the typically larger volumes in
which they were submitted.  The resulting "studies" generally have a
distinct title (or at least a single subject), can stand alone for
purposes of review and can be described with a conventional
bibliographic citation.  The Agency has also attempted to unite basic
documents and commentaries upon them, treating them as a single study.

3.	IDENTIFICATION OF ENTRIES.  The entries in this bibliography are
sorted numerically by Master Record Identifier, or "MRID” number. 
This number is unique to the citation, and should be used whenever a
specific reference is required.  It is not related to the six-digit
"Accession Number" which has been used to identify volumes of submitted
studies (see paragraph 4(d)(4) below for further explanation).  In a few
cases, entries added to the bibliography late in the review may be
preceded by a nine character temporary identifier.  These entries are
listed after all MRID entries.  This temporary identifying number is
also to be used whenever specific reference is needed.

4.	FORM OF ENTRY.  In addition to the Master Record Identifier (MRID),
each entry consists of a citation containing standard elements followed,
in the case of material submitted to EPA, by a description of the
earliest known submission.  Bibliographic conventions used reflect the
standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), expanded
to provide for certain special needs.

a	Author.  Whenever the author could confidently be identified, the
Agency has chosen to show a personal author.  When no individual was
identified, the Agency has shown an identifiable laboratory or testing
facility as the author.  When no author or laboratory could be
identified, the Agency has shown the first submitter as the author.

b.	Document date.  The date of the study is taken directly from the
document.  When the date is followed by a question mark, the
bibliographer has deduced the date from the evidence contained in the
document.  When the date appears as (1999), the Agency was unable to
determine or estimate the date of the document.

c.	Title.  In some cases, it has been necessary for the Agency
bibliographers to create or enhance a document title.  Any such
editorial insertions are contained between square brackets.

d.	Trailing parentheses.  For studies submitted to the Agency in the
past, the trailing parentheses include (in addition to any
self-explanatory text) the following elements describing the earliest
known submission:

(1)	Submission date.  The date of the earliest known submission appears
immediately following the word "received."

(2)	Administrative number.  The next element immediately following the
word "under" is the registration number, experimental use permit number,
petition number, or other administrative number associated with the
earliest known submission.

(3)	Submitter.  The third element is the submitter.  When authorship is
defaulted to the submitter, this element is omitted.

Volume Identification (Accession Numbers).  The final element in the
trailing parentheses identifies the EPA accession number of the volume
in which the original submission of the study appears.  The six-digit
accession number follows the symbol "CDL," which stands for "Company
Data Library."  This accession number is in turn followed by an
alphabetic suffix which shows the relative position of the study within
the volume.

MRID#	Citation Reference

1071	Gilbert, E.L.R. (1957) Entomological Laboratory Test Report (on)
Paradichlorobenzene and Diethyl Toluamide: Misc. No. 1695. (Unpublished
study received Sep 16, 1957 under unknown admin. no.; submitted by Asco
Electronics Co., Andover, Mass.; CDL:228307-A) 

1671	Nadeau, H.G.; Oaks, D., Jr. (1961) Separation and analysis of
chlorobenzenes in mixtures by gas chromatography. Analytical Chemistry
33(9):1157-1159. (Also~In~unpublished submission received Jan 26, 1969
under 9F0754; submitted by Olin Mathieson Chemical Corp., New York,
N.Y.; CDL:091301-K) 

4377	Childers, N.F. (19??) Bush berry culture: Chapter XXII. Pages 759-
780, 799-806, ~In~Modern Fruit Science. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers
Univ. (Also~In~unpublished submission received Nov 4, 1976 under 7E1882;
submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.;
CDL:097579-A) 

4899	Haberman, W.O.; Payne, J.R. (1962) Miscellaneous Insecticides: S.R.
Project #25. (Unpublished study received Jun 19, 1962 under 602-104;
submitted by Ralston Purina Co., St. Louis, Mo.; CDL: 231617-A) 

4904	Uni-Research (1973) Evaluation of Dog Repellent Product: Technical
Report. (Unpublished study received Dec 12, 1973 under 1663-11;
submitted by Grant Laboratories Div., Oakland, Calif.; CDL: 022675-A) 

4909	Harmad Laboratories (1976) Use of Naphthalene as a General Insect-
icide. (Unpublished study received Nov 16, 1976 under 1548-3; submitted
by Vermex Co., Calabasas, Calif.; CDL:227450-C) 

6007	Storer, T.I.; Jameson, E.W., Jr. (1965) Control of Field Rodents on
California Farms. Davis: Univ. of California. (Agricultural Experiment
Station, Extension Service circular 535; also~In~un- published
submission received Apr 23, 1976 under 6704-78; sub- mitted by U.S.
Dept. of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.;
CDL:224030-I) 

13189	Cooper, P.A. (1973) The Movement of Chloropicrin Vapor in Wood to
Control Decay. Master's thesis, Oregon State Univ., Dept. of Forest
Products. (Unpublished study received Apr 23, 1974 under 5316-17;
submitted by Namco Chemicals, Inc., San Jose, Calif.; CDL:024054-C) 

32762	Kissileff, A. (1941) Research Data. (Unpublished study received
Aug 16, 1965 under 59-18; submitted by Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research
Triangle Park, N.C.; CDL:000121-A) 

32780	Miller, W.V. (1957) Kil-A-Mite: Further Improvements. (Unpublished
study received Sep 22, 1969 under 59-105; submitted by Burroughs
Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, N.J.; CDL:000127-A) 

33162	Caton, J.R.; Colby, T.; Hunter, J.H. (1964) ?Efficacy of Scram in
Repelling Dogs, Bats and Chipmunks|. (Unpublished study re- ceived Dec
28, 1964 under 239-2057; submitted by Chevron Chemi- cal Co., Richmond,
Calif.; CDL:001454-A) 

34170	Ives, M.; Watson, D.L.; Caton, J.R. (1964) Report to California
Chemical Company: Effectiveness Test on Scram Dog Repellent.
(Unpublished study received Jul 14, 1964 under 239-2057; pre- pared in
cooperation with Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by
Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:001449-A) 

34171	Ives, M. (1964) Report to California Chemical Company: Additional
Effectiveness Test on Dog Repellent Scram. (Unpublished study received
Jul 17, 1964 under 239-2057; prepared by Industrial Bio-Test
Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;
CDL:001450-A) 

34172	Nelson, C.R.; Watson, D.L. (1964) ?Efficacy of Dog Repellent Scram
on Garbage Cans and Shrubs|: Project No. 170-W64-1. (Unpub- lished study
received Oct 8, 1964 under 239-2057; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,
Richmond, Calif.; CDL:001451-A) 

34173	Hensill, G.S. (1964) Testing Efficacy--Ortho Scram Dog Repellent
Bomb. (Unpublished study received Nov 4, 1964 under 239-2057; submitted
by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL: 001452-A) 

34174	Davis, D.L.; Watson, D.L. (1964) Scram Bomb--Dog Repellency. (Un-
published study including project no. 170-W64-1, received Dec 9, 1964
under 239-2057; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Rich- mond, Calif.;
CDL:001453-A) 

36182	Allied Chemical Corporation (1968) Chlorobenzenes. Morristown,
N.J.: Allied Chemical. (Data sheet DS-PCH; also~In~unpublished
submission received Jun 12, 1972 under 218-422; CDL:001090-A) 

44105	Hollingsworth, R.L.; Rowe, V.K.; Oyen, F.; et al. (1956) Toxicity
of Paradichlorobenzene: Determinations on experimental animals and human
subjects. American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Health
14(?/Aug):138-147. (Also~In~unpublished sub- mission received Oct 22,
1971 under 6718-7; submitted by Amway Corp., Ada, Mich.; CDL:103485-A) 

51053	Grant Laboratories (1964) ?Data on Grant's Dog Repellent|. (Com-
pilation; unpublished study received Jun 5, 1964 under 1663-11;
CDL:220938-A) 

51533	Fulton, R.A. (1954) Letter sent to Fred Lodes dated May 17, 1954
?Particle size determination on cans of Fuller Brush Co. Moth- proofer|.
(Unpublished study received on unknown date under 1574-9; submitted by
Stanley Home Products, Inc., Westfield, Mass.; CDL:224117-A) 

51534	Loening, K.L. (1973) Letter sent to William S. Broughton dated Jul
3, 1973 ?Chemical names for compounds|. (Unpublished study in- cluding
letter dated Jun 26, 1973 from W.S. Broughton to Kurt Loening, received
Jan 16, 1976 under 5086-11; prepared by Ameri- can Chemical Society,
submitted by Roussel Corp., New York, N.Y.; CDL:224135-B) 

53189	Alcor Products (1972) Data Relating to Safety of Repel Animal
Repellent. (Unpublished study received Jun 24, 1974 under 20215- 1;
CDL:051047-A) 

57823	Bottimer, L.J. (1929) Notes on Paradichlorobenzene and Naphthalene
as repellents against clothes moth larvae. Journal of Economic
Entomology 22(Jun):570-573. (Also~In~unpublished submission re- ceived
May 25, 1977 under 38510-1; submitted by Specialty Organ- ics, Inc.,
Irwindale, Calif.; CDL:230291-A) 

58520	Henderson, C. (19??) Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Fish and
Mammals: Report No. 23247. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; unpublished
study; CDL:093228-AB) 

60828	Grant Laboratories (1964) ?Efficacy of Grant's Dog Repellent|.
(Reports by various sources; unpublished study received May 21, 1964
under 1663-11; CDL:220937-A) 

64153	Grant Laboratories (1964) ?Efficacy Studies on Dog Repellent|.
(Compilation; unpublished study received Jun 25, 1964 under 1663-11;
CDL:220938-A) 

64425	Muench-Kreuzer Candle Company, Incorporated (1955) Bug-Go-Lites.
(Compilation; unpublished study received on unknown date under unknown
admin. no.; CDL:227880-A) 

64876	Monsanto Company (1972) Material Safety Data Sheet: ?Santochlor|.
(For U.S. Dept. of Labor; unpublished study; CDL:229764-D) 

68516	Hudson Associates, Incorporated (1962) ?Poultri-gard to the Rescue
Freeing Fowl from Mites and Lice|. (Compilation; unpublished study
received Jun 15, 1962 under 5985-2; CDL:231136-A) 

70820	Michaelson, J.B. (1975) Oral Toxicity (LDI50^ Determination):
Labo- ratory No. 10655. (Unpublished study received Jul 30, 1975 un- der
20215-1; prepared by Applied Biological Sciences Laboratory, submitted
by Alcor Products, Carlsbad, Calif.; CDL:221979-A) 

70821	Michaelson, J.B. (1975) Acute Dermal Toxicity: Laboratory # 10655.
(Unpublished study received Jul 30, 1975 under 20215-1; prepared by
Applied Biological Sciences Laboratory, submitted by Alcor Products,
Carlsbad, Calif.; CDL:221979-B) 

70822	Michaelson, J.B. (1975) Draize Eye Test: Laboratory No. 10655.
(Unpublished study received Jul 30, 1975 under 20215-1; prepared by
Applied Biological Sciences Laboratory, Inc., submitted by Alcor
Products, Carlsbad, Calif.; CDL:221979-C) 

70823	Michaelson, J.B. (1975) Primary Skin Irritation: Laboratory No.
10655. (Unpublished study received Jul 30, 1975 under 20215-1; prepared
by Applied Biological Sciences Laboratory, Inc., submitted by Alcor
Products, Carlsbad, Calif.; CDL: 221979-D) 

73787	Whitmire Research Laboratories, Incorporated (1964) ?Effectiveness
of Outdoor Dog Away|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Jun 11,
1964 under 499-138; CDL:020041-A) 

75183	Stor Aid of Canada, Limited (1956) ?Efficacy of PDB Garment Bags|.
(Compilation; unpublished study received on unknown date under 4528-1;
CDL:231194-A) 

78503	U.S. National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Centers (1965)
Para- dichlorobenzene. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1977 under
unknown admin. no.; submitted by Willert Home Products, St. Louis, Mo.;
CDL:229764-A) 

79975	U.S. National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Centers (1977) Dale
Lemon Scented Room Deodorant--Lemon Tree. (Unpublished study received
May 6, 1977 under unknown admin. no.; submitted by Willert Home
Products, St. Louis, Mo.; CDL:229764-B) 

93918	Margard, W.L. (1978) In vitro Bioassay of Selected Compounds.
(Unpublished study received Jan 25, 1982 under 748-161; prepared by
Battelle Columbus Laboratories, submitted by PPG Industries, Inc.,
Barberton, Ohio; CDL:246648-D) 

117777	Azouz, W.; Parke, D.; Williams, R. (1955) The metabolism of halo-
genobenzenes: Ortho- and para-dichloropbenzenes. Biochemical Journal
59:410-415. (Also In unpublished submission received Jun 10, 1970 under
0F0931; submitted by Hooker Industrial Chem- icals, Niagara Falls, NY;
CDL:091586-K) 

121659	Palazzolo, R. (1964) Report to Nalco Chemical Company: Toxicity
of Nalcon 240 to Fresh Water Fish. (Unpublished study received Jun 11,
1964 under 1706-48; prepared by Industrial Bio-Test Labora- tories,
Inc., submitted by Nalco Chemical Co., Oak Brook, IL; CDL:006536-A) 

121660	Amway Corp. (1968) ?Physiologic Response to Paradichlorobenzene|.
(Unpublished study received Oct 15, 1971 under 6718-7; CDL: 103486-A) 

121661	Amway Corp. (1974) Product Control Procedures for Moth Crystals.
(Compilation; unpublished study received Dec 9, 1974 under 6718-7;
CDL:110589-A) 

134310	Rosner, L. (1959) To Determine the Effectiveness of Fyte 60 ...
in Reducing the Bacteria Content of Urine in Urinals and in Reduc- ing
the Bacteria Content of the Atmosphere: Laboratory 943573. (Unpublished
study received Nov 13, 1967 under 8550- 20; prepared by Rosner-Hixson
Laboratories, submitted by Pro- Specialities, Inc., Wauwatosa, WI;
CDL:240691-A) 

134515	US EPA (1978) Administrative Record of the Pre-RPAR Review for
Dichlorobenzes. 

138945	Interregional Research Project No. 4 (1967) (Efficacy: Methyl
Bromide). (Compilation; unpublished study received 1973 under 3E1387;
CDL:112373-B) 

140015	Weck, F.J. (1974) Letter sent to Don Freeman dated Mar 28, 1974
?Data on Repel|. (Unpublished study received Jun 24, 1974 under 20215-1;
prepared by Friedrich J. Weck Co., submitted by Alcor Products,
Carlsbad, Calif.; CDL:051047-E) 

140757	Whitmire Research Laboratories, Inc. (1962) ?Efficacy: House
Trainer|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Dec 17, 1962; Dec 26,
1962; Feb 7, 1963 under 499-135; CDL:006067-A) 

141838	Chacon Chemical Corp. (19??) [Product Chemistry and Toxicity Data
for Paradichlorobenzene and Orthodichlorobenzene]. Unpublished
compilation. 16 p. 

152838	Valle-Herrera, V. (1984?) [Efficacy Data]: Repel #3 Rat and Mouse
Repellent. Unpublished compilation prepared by Colegio de Inge- nieros
Quimicos de Jalisco, A. C. 5 p. 

152839	Alcor Products Corp. (1985) Alcor's Rat and Mouse Repellent:
Chem- istry: [Product Chemistry Data]. Unpublished compilation. 13 p. 

153914	Alcor Products Inc. (1984) Repel for Rats and Mice: [Product
Chem- istry Data]. Unpublished study. 17 p. 

155724	Alcor Products Corporation (1985) Repel Rat and Mouse
Repellent... Chemistry Addendum. Unpublished compilation. 12 p. 

5001782	Johnson, H.R.; McIntire, M.S. (1975) Pesticide poisoning in
children: a review from Children's Memorial Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska
from 1960-1973_ Part I. Nebraska Medical Journal 60(2):40-43. 

40465100	BSP Marketing, Inc. (1987) Submission of Data To Support the
Regis- tration of Red Circle Pure Para Moth Balls: Product Chemistry
Data. Transmittal of 1 study. 

40465101	Dimiceli, S. (1987) Product Chemistry Data: Red Circle Moth
Balls. Unpublished compilation prepared by BSP Marketing, Inc. 8 p. 

40521000	Chlorobenzene Producers Assoc. (1988) Submission of Data in
Respon- se to the Comprehensive Data Call-in Notice for Data on Para-
dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 14 studies. 

40521001	Gaines, T.; Linder, R. (1986) Acute toxicity of pesticides in
adult and weanling rats. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 7:299- 308. 

40521002	Hodge, M.; Palmer, S.; Bennett, I.; et al. (1977)
Para-dichloro- benzene: Teratogenicity Study in Rats: Rept. No.
CTL/P/340. Unpublished study prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries,
Ltd. 58 p. 

40521003	Giavini, E.; Broccia, M.; Prati, M.; et al. (1986) Teratologic
Evaluation of p-dichlorobenzene in the rat. Bull. Environ. Contam.
Toxicol. 37:164-168. 

40521004	Flowers, L.; Kier, L. (1978) Para-dichlorobenzene: Final Report
on Salmonella Mutagenicity Assay of p-Dichlorobenzene (Technical). Proj.
No. LF-78-145. Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto Co. 18 p. 

40521005	National Toxicology Program (1987) Toxicology and
Carcinogenesis Studies of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1
Mice. NTP TR 319. US Dept. of Health and Human Services: US Govern- ment
Printing Office. 198 p. 

40521006	Conner, T.; Theiss, J.; Hanna, H.; et al. (1985) Genotoxicity
of organic chemicals frequently found in the air of mobile homes.
Toxicology Letters 25:33-40. 

40521007	Chlorobenzene Producers Assoc. (1984) Summary Report: The
Effect of Para-dichlorobenzene in a Battery of Genetic Toxicology
Assays. Unpublished compilation prepared in cooperation with Bioassay
Systems Corp. and Unov. of Wisconsin. 110 p. 

40521008	Steinmetz, K.; Spanggord, R. (1987) Examination of the
Potential of p-Dichlorobenzene to Induce Unscheduled DNA Sunthesis or
DNA Replication in the in vivo - in vitro Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Re- pair
Assay (Task I): Proj. No. LSC-2603-1. Unpublished study prepared by SRI
International. 35 p. 

40521009	Steinmetz, K.; Spanggord, R. (1987) Evaluation of the Potential
of p-Dichlorobenzene to Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis on DNA
Replication in the in vivo - in vitro Rat Kidney DNA Repair As- say:
Proj. No. LSC-2603. Unpublished study prepared by SRI In- ternational.
33 p. 

40521010	Anderson, D.; Richardson, C. (1976) Para-dichlorobenzene:
Cytogene- tic Study in the Rat: Rept. No. CTL/P/293. Unpublished study
prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. 21 p. 

40521011	Anderson, D.; Hodge, M. (1976) Para-dichlorobenzene: Dominant
Leth- al Study in the Mouse: Rept. No. CTL/P/296. Unpublished study
prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries, LTD. 58 p. 

40521012	Herbold, B. (1986) Investigation of p-Dichlorobenzene,
1,4-Dichlo- robenzene for clastogenic Effects in Mice Using the
Micronucleus Test: Study No. T. 1021071. Unpublished study prepared by
Bayer AG, Institute of Toxicology. 23 p. 

40521013	Boer, W.; Hoorn, A. (1986) Mutagenicity Evaluation of
p-Dichloro- benzene in the CHO HGPRT Forward Mutation Assay: Rept. No. R
3691. Unpublished study prepared by Litton Bionetics. 25 p. 

40521014	Boer, W.; Hoorn, A. (1986) Evaluation of p-Dichlorobenzene in
the in vitro Transformation of BALB/3T3 Cells Assay: Rept. No. R 3710.
Unpublished study prepared by Litton Bionetics. 19 p. 

40521100	Y-Tex Corp. (1988) Submission of Efficacy, Chemistry and
Toxicity Data in Support of Inert Ingredient. Transmittal of 3 studies. 

40521101	Kellerby, J. (1988) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 1 ...:
Description of Potential Use in Registered Products. Unpublished study
pre- pared by Y-Tex Corp. 5 p. 

40521102	Kellerby, J. (1988) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 2 ...: Product
Chem- istry. Unpublished study prepared by Y-Tex Corp. in cooperation
with Ciba-Geigy Corp. 41 p. 

40521103	Schwemmer, B. (1982) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 3 ...:
Summaries of Acute, Subchronic, Chronic and Mutagenicity Studies with
Animals and a Human Skin Irritation Study. Unpublished study prepared by
Ciba-Geigy Corp. 9 p. 

40521200	Y-Tex Corp. (1988) Submission of Chemistry and Toxicity Data in
Support of Inert Ingredient. Transmittal of 3 studies. 

40521201	Kellerby, J. (1988) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 1: Residue
Chemistry ... Description of Potential Use in Registered Products.
Unpub- lished study prepared by Y-Tex Corp. 5 p. 

40521202	Kellerby, J. (1988) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 2: Product
Chemis- try. Unpublished study prepared by Y-Tex Corp. in cooperation
with Ciba-Geigy Corp. 52 p. 

40521203	Schwemmer, B. (1982) ?Inert Ingredient|: Volume 3: Toxicology
Data ...: Summaries of Acute, Subchronic, Chronic and Mutagenicity
Studies with Animals and Skin Irritation Studies with Humans.
Unpublished study prepared by Ciba-Geigy Corp. 12 p. 

40548600	Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. (1988) Submission of Data
in Response to Data Call-In Notice for Paradichlorobenzene: Product
Chemistry Data. Transmittal of 2 studies. 

40548601	Touhey, R. (1988) Paradichlorobenzene--Product Identity. Unpub-
lished compilation prepared by Standard Chlorine Chemical Co. 18 p. 

40548602	George, J. (1988) Analysis of Paradichlorobenzene by Gas
Chromato- graphy: Project No. 01188-M/25JG2. Unpublished study prepared
by Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 20 p. 

40568000	Monsanto Co. (1988) Submission of Toxicology and Exposure Data
in Response to Comprehensive Data Call-in Notice for Data on Para-
dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 12 studies. 

40568001	Hayes, W.; Gushow, T.; John, J. (1982)
Para-dichlorobenzene--Inha- lation Teratology Study in Rabbits: File No.
K-1323-(12). Un- published study prepared by Dow Chemical U.S.A. 350 p. 

40568002	Haworth, S.; Lawlor, T.; Zeiger, E.; et al. (1983) Salmonella
muta- genicity test results for 250 chemicals. Environmental Muta-
genesis Supplement 1:3-142. 

40568003	Shimizu, M.; Yasui, Y.; Matsumoto, N. (1983) Structural
specificity of aromatic compounds with special reference to mutagenic
acti- vity in salmonella typhimurium--a series of chloro- or fluoro-
nitorbenzene derivatives. Mutation Research 116:217-236. 

40568004	Birch, M. (1975) Para-dichlorobenzene--Toxicological
Investigation of Acute Dermal Toxicity in New Zealand Albino Rabbits:
Labora- tory Project ID: Y-75-300. Unpublished study prepared by Younger
Laboratories, Inc. 5 p. 

40568005	Dill, G.; Peters, A. (1979) Para Dichlorobenzene--Subchronic
Toxi- city Study: ... Mice: Subcontract No. 76-34-106002. Unpublished
study prepared by Battelle's Columbus Laboratories. 27 p. 

40568006	Peters, A. (1980) Para Dichlorobenzene--Subchronic Toxicity
Study: ... Mice: Subcontract No. 76-34-106002. Unpublished study pre-
pared by Battelle's Columbus Laboratories. 54 p. 

40568007	Dill, G.; Peters, A. (1979) Para Dichlorobenzene--Subchronic
Toxi- city Study: ... Fischer 344 Rats: Subcontract No. 76-34-106002.
Unpublished study prepared by Battelle's Columbus Laboratories. 59 p. 

40568008	Riley, R.; Chart, I.; Doss, A.; et al. (1980)
Para-dichlorobenzene: ...: Long Term Inhalation Study in the Rat: CTL
Report No. CTL/P/447. Unpublished study prepared by Imperial Chemical
In- dustries Ltd. 169 p. 

40568009	Charbonneau, M.; Strasser, J.; Lock, E.; et al. (1987)
Para-dichlo- robenzene--1,4-Dichlorobenzene-Induced Nephrotoxicity:
Similar- ity with Unleaded Gasoline (UG)-Induced Renal Effects. Unpub-
lished study prepared by Chemical Industry Institute of Toxico- logy. 7
p. 

40568010	Wallace, L. (1986) The Total Exposure Assessment Methodology
(TEAM) Study: Direct Measurement of Personal Exposures through Air and
Water for 600 Residents of Several U.S. Cities. Unpublished compilaiton
prepared by Research Triangle Institute. 43 p. 

40568011	Nelms, H.; Mason, A. (1987) Para-dichlorobenzene--Determination
of Emission Rates and Concentration Levels of p-Dichlorobenzene from
Moth Repellent: Laboratory Project ID: 87-83.6. Unpublish- ed
compilation prepared by Acurex Corp. 114 p. 

40568012	Tyl, R. (1988?) Para-dichlorobenzene--Two-generation
Reproduction Study of Inhaled Paradichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley (CD)
Rats: Laboratory Project ID: 86-81-90605. Unpublished compila- tion
prepared by Bushy Run Research Center. 49 p. 

40621500	The Chas. H. Lilly Co. (1988) Submission of Product Chemistry
Data to Support the Registration of Lilly/Miller Dog and Cat Repellent.
Transmittal of 1 study. 

40621501	Klettke, M. (1988) Lilly/Miller Dog and Cat Repellent: Product
Chemistry Data. Unpublished study prepared by The Chas. H. Lilly Co. 36
p. 

40621700	Standard Chlorine Chemical Co., Inc. (1988) Submission of
Product Chemistry Data in Response to the Paradichlorobenzene Data Call-
in. Transmittal of 1 study. 

40621701	George, J. (1988) Physical and Chemical Characteristics of
Para- dichlorobenzene: Project No. 4188-PDCB/37JG2: 4198-PDCB/39JG2.
Unpublished study prepared by Standard Chlorine of Delaware, 

40632000	Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. (1988) Submission of
Chemistry Data in Support of Paradichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1
study. 

40652300	Monsanto Chemical Co. (1988) Submission of Data in Response to
Data Call-in for Product Chemistry Data Relating to Potential Forma-
tion of Halogenated Dibenzo-p-dioxin or Dibenzofuran. Transmit- tal of 1
study. 

40652301	Kinney, S.; Reask, R. (1987) Product Chemistry Studies:
Santochlor. Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto Chemical Co. 8 p. 

40788300	Monsanto Chemical Co. (1988) Submission of Chemistry Data in
Sup- port of Data Call-in Notice on Paradichlorobenzene. Transmittal of
1 study. 

40788301	Downes, J.; Gloeckner, J.; Kinney, S.; et al. (1988) Volume I:
Product Chemistry Studies: ... Santochlor Molten: ... Santochlor Blocks:
... Santochlor Crushed: Laboratory Project ID: ARD 072988. Unpublished
compilation prepared by Monsanto Chemical Co. 43 p. 

40811600	PPG Industries, Inc. (1988) Submissio of Product Chemistry Data
to Support the Registration of Para-Dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1
study. 

40811601	Lee, R. (1987) Para-Dichlorobenzene--Product Chemistry:
Laboratory Project No. NP-2-237. Unpublished study prepared by PPG
Industries, Inc. 30 p. 

40825500	Monsanto Chemical Co. (1988) Submission of Comprehensive Data
in Response Data Call-In Notice for Paradichlorobenzene: Product
Chemistry Data. Transmittal of 1 study. 

40825501	McEntire, R. (1988) Product Chemistry Studies:
Paradichlorobenze: Project ID: 3,970,850. Unpublished study prepared by
Monsanto Chemical Co. 3 p. 

40891800	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1988) Submission of
Chemistry Data in Response to the p-Dichlorobenzene Data Call-In Notice.
Transmittal of 1 study. 

40891801	Carpenter, M. (1988) "Determination of Octanol-water Partition
Coe- ffecient of ?Carbon 14|-p-Dichlorobenzene: ABC Final Report No.
37401. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 88 p. 

41108800	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1989) Submission of
Toxicolog- ical Data in Response to the Comprehensive Data Call-in
Notice for Data on Para-dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41108801	Tyl, R.; Neeper-Bradley, T. (1989) Paradichlorobenzene--Two
Genera- tion Reproduction Study of Inhaled Paradichlorobenzene in
Sprague-Dawley (CD) Rats: Laboratory Project ID 86-81-90605. Unpublished
study prepared by Union Carbide Bushy Run Research Center. 757 p. 

41120800	US EPA (19??) Submission of Data To Support Registration of
Para dichlorobenzene: Product Chemistry and Toxicology Studies.
Transmittal of 7 studies. 

41120801	US EPA (1974?) Ortho-and para-dichlorobenzene: Chemical and
physical data. IARC 7():231-243. 

41120802	Campbell, D.; Davidson, R. (1970) Toxic haemolytic anaemia in
preg- nancy due to a pica for paradichlorobenzene. Journal of Obste-
trics and Gynaccology of the British Commonwealth 77():657-659. 

41120803	Hallowell, M. (1959) Acute haemolytic anaemia following the
inges- tion of para-dichlorobenzene. Archives of Disease in Childhood
34(): 74-75. 

41120804	Frank, S.; Cohen, H. (1961) Fixed drug eruption due to
paradichloro benzene. New York State Journal of Medicine 61(Part
4):4079. 

41120805	Broodie, B.; Reid, W.; Cho, A.; et al. (1971) Possible
mechanism of liver necrosis caused by aromatic organic compounds. P.
160-164 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 

41120806	Nalbandian, R.; Pearce, J. (1965) Allergic purpura induced by
expo- sure to p-dichlorobenzene. JAMA 194(7):238-239. 

41120807	Cotter, L. (1953) Paradichlorobenzene poisoning from
insecticides. New York State Journal of Medicine 53(Pt. 11):1690-1692. 

41157300	Monsanto Chemical Co. (1989) Submission of Product Chemistry
Data in Response to Paradichlorobenzene Comprehensive Data Call-in.
Transmittal of 1 study. 

41157301	Gloekner, J. (1989) Product Storage Stability: Santochlor
Molten, Santochlor Blocks, Santochlor Crushed: Laboratory Project ID:
5/31/89. Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto Chemical Co. 4 p. 

41197900	Excell Products Corp. (1989) Submission of Chemistry Data in
Sup- port of Excell Moth-Tek Sheets Registration. Transmittal of 1
study. 

41197901	Excell Products Corp. (1989) New Product Registration
Submission: Excell Moth Tech Sheets: ?Product Chemistry Data|.
Unpublished study. 3 p. 

41198000	Excell Products Corp. (1989) Submission of Chemistry Data in
Support of Excell Moth-Tek Packets Registration. Transmittal of 1 study.


41198001	Excell Products Corp. (1989) New Product Registration
Submission: Excell Moth-Tech Packets: ?Product Chemistry Data|.
Unpublished study. 3 p. 

41198100	Excell Products Corp. (1989) Submission of Chemistry Data in
Sup- port of Excell Moth-Tek Hangers Registration. Transmittal of 1
study. 

41198101	Excell Products Corp. (1989) New Product Registration
Submission: Excell Tech-Moth Hangers: ?Product Chemistry Data|.
Unpublished study. 3 p. 

41203400	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1989) Submission of
Toxicity Data in Response to Para-Dichlorobenzene Data Call-in. Trans-
mittal of 2 studies. 

41203401	Ward, G.; Rabe, B. (1989) Para-dichlorobenzene: Acute Toxicity
to Daphnia magna under Flow-through Conditions: Laboratory Project ID:
390-3003-000-0200-3140: C-ECBI.5/PDCB. Unpublished study prepared by
Hunter/ESE. 33 p. 

41203402	Grimes, J.; Jaber, M. (1989) Para-dichlorobenzene: An Acute
Oral Toxicity Study with the Bobwhite: Laboratory Project No. 264- 101.
Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 19 p. 

41293100	Standard Chlorine Chemical Co., Inc. (1989) Submission of data
in support of data call-in for Paradichlorobenzene: Storage stability.
Transmittal of 1 study. 

41293101	George, J. (1989) Storage Stability: Paradichlorobenzene: Lab
Project Number 2229-PDCB/43JG2. Unpublished study prepared by Standard
Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 7 p. 

41315000	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1989) Submission of data
in support of comprehensive data call-in for Para-dichlorobenzene:
Dermal toxicity. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41315001	Auletta, C. (1989) A 21-day Dermal Toxicity Study in Rats with
Para-dichlorobenzene: Final Report: Lab Project No. 88-3384; 89953;
Method No. BD-004-89. Unpublished study prepared by Bio/dynamics, Inc.
250 p. 

41410900	Clorobenzene Producers Association (1990) Submission of Study
in Response to Comprehensive Data Call-In Notice for Data on Para-
Dichlorobenzene: Toxicology Study. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41410901	Newton, P. (1990) An Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of para-
Dichlorobenzene in the Rat: Lab Project Number: 89-8230. Unpub- lished
study prepared by Bio/dynamics, Inc. 67 p. 

41461100	DowElanco (1990) Submission of Data To Support Registration of
Various Hydrocarbons: Residue Chemistry and Toxicology Studies.
Transmittal of 18 studies. 

41461107	Charbonneau, M.; Strasser, J.; Lock, E.; et al. (1989)
Involvement of reversible binds to alpha 2u-globulin in
1,4-dichlorobenzene- induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology and Applied
Pharmacology 99: 122-132. 

41561200	Bottomland Naturals, Inc. (1990) Submission of Data To Support
the Application for Varmint Repellent Rope (Varpel) Registra- tion:
Efficacy Study. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41561201	Wilhide, J.; Fletcher, M.; McDaniel, V. (1989) Effectiveness of
Varpel (Varmit Repellent Rope) on Wild Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) and Mice
(Mus Musculus) in Laboratory and Field Conditions: Lab Project Number:
FW 11-89. Unpublished study prepared by Arkansas State Univ., Dept. of
Biological Sciences. 14 p. 

41576100	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1990) Submission of
Aquatic Toxicity Data in Support of Para-Chlorobenzene Comprehensive
Data Call-in. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41576101	Scott Ward, G.; Rabe, B. (1989) Para-Dichlorobenzene: Acute
Toxi- city to Daphnia magna under Flow-through Conditions: Lab Project
Number: 390-3003-000-0200-3140. Unpublished study prepared by
Hunter/ESE. 37 p. 

41598300	Quails, Inc. (1990) Submission of Supplemental Chemistry Data
in Support of Maximum Strength Pediculicide: Amendment - Revised
Labeling. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41598301	Pipkin, G. (1990) BioSentry Lice Killing Shampoo: Addendum to
Pro- duct Chemistry (...). Unpublished study prepared by BioSentry
Laboratories. 4 p. 

41697800	Monsanto Co. (1990) Submission of Toxicity Data in Response to
the 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Data Call-In. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41697801	Wilson, A. ; Hall, L. ; Dudek, B. et al. (1990) Pharmacokinetic
Study of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) in the F344 Rat and B6C3F1 Mouse
Following Inhalation and Oral Administration: Lab Project Number: EHL
88083. Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto Co. 325 p. 

41822800	Chemical Manufactures Association (1991) Submission of Data in
Response to Comprehensive Data Call-in for Paradichlorobenzene:
Toxicology Study. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41822801	Newton, P. (1991) A Four Week Inhalation Toxicity Study of
Para- dichlorobenzene in the Dog: Final Report: Lab Project Number:
88-8148: CB-18.0-DOG/INH-BIO/D. Unpublished study prepared by
Bio/dynamics, Inc. 202 p. 

41903300	Monsanto Co. (1991) Submission of Data in Response to
Comprehensive Data Call-in Notice for ParaChlorobenzene: Product
Chemistry Study. Transmittal of 1 study. 

41903301	Trehy, M. (1991) (1,4-Dichlorobenzene)--Vapor of Para-Dichloro-
benzene: Lab Project Number: MSL-10952: ES-91-SS-03: EPS-NO# MO-91-9616.
Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto Co. 9 p. 

42085400	Standard Chlorine Chemical Co., Inc. (1991) Submission of Data
to Support the Pesticide Registration of Paradichlorobenzene: Product
Chemistry Data. Transmittal of 1 Study. 

42085401	Jacob, G. (1991) Paradichlorobenzene: Certification of
Ingredient Limits: Lab Project Number: 09200-PDCB/1BRS1. Unpublished
study prepared by Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 16 p. 

42205300	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1992) Submission of
toxicity data in support of reregistration of Para-Dichlorobenzene.
Transmittal of 3 studies. 

42205301	Morris, T. (1992) Primary Eye Irritation Study in Rabbits:
Para-Dichlorobenzene: Lab Project Number: 91-8305-21 (B). Unpublished
study prepared by Hill Top Biolabs, Inc. 16 p. 

42205302	Morris, T. (1992) Primary Skin Irritation Study in Rabbits:
Para-Dichlorobenzene: Lab Project Number: 91-8305-21 (A). Unpublished
study prepared by Hill Top Biolabs, Inc. 15 p. 

42205303	Morris, T. (1992) Delayed Contact Hypersensitivity in Guinea
Pigs (Buehler Technique): Para-Dichlorobenzene: Lab Project Number:
91-8305-21 (C). Unpublished study prepared by Hill Top Biolabs, Inc. 24
p. 

42208000	Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. (1992) Submission of
product chemistry data in support of registration of Paradichlorobenz-
ene. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42208001	George, J. (1991) Paradichlorobenzene: Corrosion Characteris-
tics: Lab Project Number: 09091-PDCB/5JG. Unpublished study prepared by
Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 16 p. 

42319200	Daniel R. Freeman (1992) Submission of product chemistry in
support of the registration of Good-Bye Deer. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42319201	Freeman, D.; Furdyna, P.; Poche, R. (1992) Physical and
Chemical Properties of Good-Bye Deer: ?Product Chemistry|: Lab Project
Number: 4-10-92: 92-001. Unpublished study prepared by Alcor Products
and Genesis Laboratories. 27 p. 

42370500	Willert Home Products (1992) Submission of Data To Support
Application for Registration of 1424 Lavender Scented Moth Sachettes:
Product Chemistry Study. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42370501	Krecioch, R. (1992) 1424 Old Fashioned Lavender Scented Moth
Sachettes: Product Chemistry: Lab Project Number: 920501-2. Unpublished
study prepared by Willert Home Products. 8 p. 

42382000	Willert Home Products (1992) Submission o product chemistry
data to support the registration of Enoz Para Mothballs (paradichloro-
benzene). Transmittal of 1 study. 

42382001	Krecioch, R. (1992) 506P Enoz Para Moth Balls Cedar Scented:
Lab Project Number: 920501-1. Unpublished study prepared by Willert Home
Products. 8 p. 

42455200	Bottom Naturals Inc. (1992) Submittal of efficacy data in
support of Varpel Rope registration. Transmittal of 2 studies. 

42455201	Fletcher, D. (1992) The Effectiveness of Varpel Rope Versus
Plain Rope Material in Field Application: Lab Project Number: FT-201.
Unpublished study prepared by Bottomland Naturals Inc. 8 p. 

42455202	Wilhide, J.; Fletcher, M. (1992) The Effectiveness of Vapel
Rope Versus Plain Rope Material in Laboratory Applications. Unpublished
study prepared by Arkansas State University, Dept. of Biology. 8 p. 

42497400	Mil-Du-Gas Co. (1992) Submission of product performance data to
support Formula #2 registration. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42497401	Graham, C. (1992) Formula #2--Mold and/or Mildew Evaluation:
Lab Project Number: 1856987. Unpublished study prepared by Lancaster
Labs, Inc. 19 p. 

42574900	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1992) Submission of
toxicity data in support of FIFRA 6(a)(2) requirements for
Para-Dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42574901	Stone, R. (1992) Letter sent to U.S. EPA dated Dec. 3. 1992:
report concerning information from an ongoing teratogenicity
toxicological study with Para-Dichlorobenzene. Prepared by Chlorobenzene
Producers Association. 3 p. 

42581100	Chlorobenzene Producers Assoc. (1992) Submission of toxicity
data under FIFRA 6(a)(2) requirements for Para-dichlorobenzene.
Transmittal of 1 study. 

42581101	Stone, R. (1992) Letter sent to US EPA dated Dec. 3, 1992:
Preliminary results from an ongoing teratogenicity study with
Para-dichlorobenzene in rats. Prepared by Chlorobenzene Produ- cers'
Association. 3 p. 

42619600	CPA (1993) Submission of toxicity data under FIFRA 6(A)2 to
support PDCB reregistration. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42619601	Neeper-Bradley, T.; Kubena, F. (1992) Developmental Toxicity
Study of Maternally Inhaled Paradichlorobenzene Vapor in CD Rats: Lab
Project Number: 91N0110. Unpublished study prepared by Union Carbide
Chemicals and Plastics Co., Inc. 381 p. 

42685100	Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. (1993) Submission of
Preliminary Analysis of Product and Analytical Method Data in Support of
Paradichlorobenzene data call-in. Transmittal of 2 Studies. 

42685101	George, J. (1989) Paradichlorobenzene: Preliminary Analysis:
Lab Project Number: 3099-PCB/JG2. Unpublished study prepared by Standard
Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 15 p. 

42685102	George, J. (1988) Paradichlorobenzene: Analytical Method: Lab
Project Number: 4208-PDCB/JG2. Unpublished study prepared by Standard
Chlorine of Delawere, Inc. 15 p. 

42691600	Chlorobenzene Producers Assn. (1993) Supplemental submission of
metabolism data in support of the Phase 4 data call-in for
p-Dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1 study. 

42691601	Opatick, R. (1993) Request to Upgrade and Reclassify as Core
Minimum a Pharmacokinetic Study with Para-Dichlorobenzene (MRID
41697801) Submitted Pursuant to the Requirement for a General Metabolism
Study. Unpublished study prepared by Chlorobenzene Producers
Association. 8 p. 

43100200	Star Brite Distributing, Inc. (1993) Submission of efficacy
data in support of registration of formula #2. Transmittal of 1 study. 

43100201	Graham, R. (1992) Formula #2: Mold and/or Mildew Evaluation:
(Efficacy Data) Lab Project Number: 1856987. Unpublished study prepared
by Lancaster Lab., Inc. 19 p. 

43350600	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1994) Submission of
toxicology data in response to DCI for para-dichlorobenzene
reregistration. Transmittal of 2 studies. 

43350601	Li, A.; Thake, D.; Kaempfe, T. (1994) Acute Neurotoxicity Study
of Para-dichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Lab Project Number:
93097: EHL/93097: MSL/13617. Unpublished study prepared by Monsanto
Environmental Health Lab. 303 p. 

43350602	Branch, D.; Li, A.; Thake, D.; et al. (1994) Subchronic
Neurotoxicity Study of Para-dichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Lab
Project Number: 93098: EHL/93098: MSL/13604. Unpublished study prepared
by Monsanto Environmental Health Lab. 360 p. 

43400200	Monsanto Co. (1994) Submission of Preliminary Toxicology Data
in Support of FIFRA 6(a)(2) for Paradichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1
Study. 

43400201	Downes, J. (1994) Letter sent to Ruth Douglas dated October 4,
1994 concerning results from a chronic toxicity study in the dog with
paradichlorobenzene. Prepared by Monsanto Chemical Group. 26 p. 

43988800	Monsanto Co. and Others (1996) Submission of Toxicology Data in
Support of FIFRA 6(a)(2) for p-Dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 2
Studies. 

43988801	Harrington, R.; Thake, D. (1995) Four Week Range-Finding Study
of Para-Dichlorobenzene Administered by Capsule to Beagle Dogs: Lab
Project Number: ML-94-090: EHL 94058: 13915. Unpublished study prepared
by Monsanto Co. 173 p. 

43988802	Naylor, M.; Stout, L. (1996) One Year Study of
p-Dichlorobenzene Administered Orally via Capsule to Beagle Dogs: Lab
Project Number: ML-94-210: EHL 94093: 148-062. Unpublished study
prepared by Ceregen, Unit of Monsanto Co. and Experimental Pathology
Labs, Inc. 471 p. 

44069000	Bottomland Naturals, Inc. (1996) Submission of Efficacy Data in
Support of Label Amendment for Varpel Rope. Transmittal of 1 Study. 

44069001	Fletcher, M. (1996) Efficacy of Varpel Rope...Against Squirrels
(Sciurus carolinensis) in Attics: Lab Project Number: FT-401: FT-401-03.
Unpublished study prepared by Regulatory Affairs Consultants, Inc. and
Arkansas State University. 205 p. 

44234800	Paragon Household Products, Inc. (1997) Submission of Product
Chemistry Data in Support of the Application for Registration of Cedar
Scented Para Moth Balls. Transmittal of 2 Studies. 

44234801	McCreary, R. (1997) Product Identity and Composition of Cedar
Scented Para Moth Balls. Unpublished study prepared by Paragon Household
Products, Inc. 27 p. 

44234802	McCreary, R. (1997) Physical and Chemical Characteristics of
Cedar Scented Para Moth Balls: (Final Report): Lab Project Number: 001.
Unpublished study prepared by New Jersey Labs, Inc. 13 p. 

44492600	Chlorobenzene Producers Association (1998) Submission of Risk
and Exposure Data in Support of the FIFRA 6(a)2 Requirement for
p-Dichlorobenzene. Transmittal of 1 Study. 

44492601	Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare. (1997)
p-Dichlorobenzene (DCB) Risk Assessment: Lab Project Number: 1997.8.
Unpublished study. 31 p. 

44683800	Eight in One Products, Inc. (1998) Submission of Toxicity Data
in Support of the Registration of 8 in 1 Bird Protector. Transmittal of
1 Study. 

44683801	Gilman, M. (1998) Primary Eye Irritation (in Rabbits): 8 in 1
Bird Protector: Lab Project Number: 814664. Unpublished study prepared
by Celsis Laboratory Group. 16 p. 

44754600	Bottomland Naturals, Incorporated (1999) Submission of Efficay
Data in Support of the Registration of Varpel Rope. Transmittal of 1
Study. 

44754601	Rutledge, J. (1999) Efficacy of Varpel Rope in Repelling Snakes
(various species) from Enclosed Areas: Lab Project Number: FT-501-01:
1213082. Unpublished study prepared by Regulatory Affairs Consultants,
Inc. 49 p. 

45275100	Bottomland Naturals, Inc. (2000) Submission of Efficacy Data in
Support of the Registration of Varpel RopeTM. Transmittal of 1 Study. 

45275101	Fletcher, D. (2000) Efficacy of Varpel Rope Against Squirrels
(Sciurus carolinensis) in Attics: Supplemental Information for M.R.I.D.
# 44754601. Unpublished study prepared by Bottomland Naturals, Inc. 90
p. 

46285300	IMS Trading, LLC. (2004) Submission of Product Chemistry Data
in Support of the Applications for Registration of IMS
Paradichlorobenzene, IMS Moth Balls, IMS Moth Block, IMS Moth Cake and
IMS Moth Crystals. Transmittal of 2 Studies.

46285301	Dolan, S. (2004) Groups A & B - Product Chemistry:
Paradichlorobenzene. Project Number: 983/001/02. Unpublished study
prepared by The Acta Group, LLC. 30 p.

46285302	Dolan, S. (2004) Groups A & B - Product Chemistry for IMS Moth
Balls, IMS Moth Block, IMS Moth Cake, and IMS Moth Crystals. Project
Number: 983/001/07. Unpublished study prepared by The Acta Group, LLC.
10 p.

46460600	IMS Trading, L.L.C. (2005) Submission of Product Chemistry Data
in Support of the Applications for Registration of IMS
Paradichlorobenzene, IMS Moth Balls, IMS Moth Block, IMS Moth Cake and
IMS Moth Crystals. Transmittal of 1 Study.

46460601	Dolan, S. (2005) Group A -- Product Chemistry:
Paradichlorobenzene: Supplemental Information. Project Number:
983/001/08. Unpublished study prepared by The Acta Group, L.L.C. 34 p.

46858300	Oxford & Hill Home Products (2006) Submission of Product
Chemistry Data in Support of the Application for Registration of
Moth-Be-Gone Moth Balls 1. Transmittal of 1 Study.

46858301	Brookman, D. (2006) Moth-Be-Gone Moth Balls 1: Product
Properties - Group A. Unpublished study prepared by Genesis Engineering
& Redevelopment, LLC. 17 p.

93083000	Monsanto Company (1990) Reregistration Phase 3 Response:
Paradichlorobenzene. 

93083001	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40788301. Paradichlorobenzene - Product Identity and Composition. 8 p. 

93083002	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40788301. Paradichlorobenzene Analysis and Certification of Product
Ingredients. 7 p. 

93083003	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40788301. Paradichlorobenzene Physical and Chemical Characteristics. 8
p. 

93083004	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40825501. Solubility of Paradichlorobenzene. 7 p. 

93083005	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40891801. Paradichlorobenzene - Octanol/Water Partition. 9 p. 

93083006	Downes, J. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of MRID
41157301. Stability of Paradichlorobenzene. 7 p. 

93083007	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41203402. Para-Dichlorobenzene: An Acute Oral Toxicity Study With
the Bobwhite: Project No. 264-101. Prepared by Wildlife International
Ltd. 10 p. 

93083008	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41203401. Para-Dichlorobenzene: Acute Toxicity to Daphnia magna
under Flow-through Conditions: Project No. 390-3003-000-0200-3140.
Prepared by Hunter/ESE, Inc. 11 p. 

93083009	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and Weanling Rats.
Prepared by U.S.E.P.A. Health Effects Research Laboratory. 12 p. 

93083010	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and Weanling Rats.
Prepared by U.S. E.P.A. Health Effects Research Laboratory. 13 p. 

93083011	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41410901. An Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of
Para-Dichlorobenzene in the Rat: Project No. 89-8230. Prepared by
Bio/dynamics, Inc. 10 p. 

93083012	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41315001. A 21-Day Dermal Toxicity Study in Rats with
Para-Dichlorobenzene: Project No. 88-3384. Prepared by Bio/dynamics,
Inc. 10 p. 

93083013	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40568001. Paradichlorobenzene: Inhalation Teratology Study in
Rabbits: Project No. K-1323-(12). Prepared by DOW CHEMICAL U S A. 9 p. 

93083014	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41108801. Two-Generation Reproduction Study of Inhaled
Paradichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley (CD) Rats: Project No.
86-81-90605. Prepared by Bushy Run Research Center. 12 p. 

93083015	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521007. in vitro Gene Mutation Assay (HGPRT) in Cultured Chinese
Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells on Para-dichlorobenzene; Also Drosophila
Sex-linked Recessive Lethal Test on Para-Dichlorobezene: Project Nos.
10506 and 416-81. Prepared by Bioassay System Corp. 18 p. 

93083016	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521013. Mutagenicity Evaluation of p-Dichlorobenzene in the CHO
HGPRT Forward Mutation Assay: Project No. R 3691. Prepared by Litton
Bionetics. 15 p. 

93083017	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40568002. Salmonella Mutagenicity Test Results for 250 Chemicals:
Project No. Unknown. Prepared by Case Western Reserve Univ. Dept. of
Pediatrics. 9 p. 

93083019	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521007. Effects of Para-Dichlorobenzene on the in vitro Induction
of Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells;...
Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells;... Chromosomal
Aberrations in Rat Bone Marrow Cells: Project Nos. 11135 and 10506.
Prepared by Bioassay Systems Corp. 25 p. 

93083020	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521012. Investigation of p-Dichlorobenzene for Claustogenic [sic]
Effects in Mice Using the Micronucleus Test: Project No. T 1021071.
Prepared by Bayer AG Institute of Toxicology. 15 p. 

93083021	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521008. Examination of the Potential of p-Dichlorobenzene to
Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication in the in vivo - in
vitro Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay: Project No. LSC-2603-1.
Prepared by SRI International. 13 p. 

93083022	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Monsanto Company Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521009. Evaluation of the Potential of p-Dichlorobenzene to
Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication in the in vivo - in
. vitro Rat Kidney DNA Repair Assay: Project No. LSC-2603. Prepared by
SRI International. 13 p. 

93083999	Monsanto Company (1990) Reregistration Phase 3 Response:
Paradichlorobenzene. Correspondence and Supporting Material. 

93084000	PPG Industries (1990) Reregistration Phase 3 Response:
Paradichlorobenzene. 

93084001	Lee, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID 40811601.
Product Identity and Composition: [Paradichlorobenzene]. 5 p. 

93084002	Lee, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID 40811601.
Analysis and Certification of Product Ingredients:
[Paradichlorobenzene]. 6 p. 

93084003	Lee, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID 40811601.
Physical and Chemical Characteristics: [Paradichlorobenzene]. 7 p. 

93084004	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41203402. Para-Dichlorobenzene: An Acute Oral Toxicity Study with
the Bobwhite: Project No. 264-101. Prepared by Wildlife International
Ltd. 10 p. 

93084005	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41203401. Para-Dichlorobenzene: Acute Toxicity to Daphnia magna
under Flow - through Conditions: Project No. 390-3003-000-0200-3140.
Prepared by Hunter/ESE, Inc. 11 p. 

93084006	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and Weanling Rats.
Prepared by Health Effects Research Laboratory. 12 p. 

93084007	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and Weanling Rats.
Prepared by Health Effects Research Laboratory. 13 p. 

93084008	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41410901. An Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of
Para-Dichlorobenzene in the Rat: Project No. 89-8230. Prepared by
Bio/dynamics, Inc. 10 p. 

93084009	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41315001. A 21-Day Dermal Toxicity Study in Rats with
Para-Dichlorobenzene: Project No. 88-3384. Prepared by Bio/dynamics,
Inc. 10 p. 

93084010	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40568001. Paradichlorobenzene: Inhalation Teratology Study in
Rabbits: Project No. K-1323-(12). Prepared by DOW CHEMICAL U S A. 9 p. 

93084011	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41108801. Two-generation Reproduction Study of Inhaled
Paradichlorabenzene in Sprague-Dawley (CD) Rats: Project No.
86-81-90605. Prepared by Bushy Run Research Center. 12 p. 

93084012	Barter, J. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40568002. Salmonella Mutagenicity Test Results for 250 Chemicals.
Prepared by Case Western Reserve Univ. Dept. of Pediatrics. 9 p. 

93084014	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521007. Drosophila Sex-Linked Recessive Lethal Test On
Para-Dichlorobenzene; in vitro Gene Mutation Assay (HGPRT Locus) in
Cultured Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells on Para-dichlorobenzene:
Project Nos. 416-81 and 10506. Prepared by University of Wisconsin,
Zoology Dept. 18 p. 

93084015	Barter, J. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40521013. Mutagenicity Evaluation of p-Dichlorobenzene in the CHO HGPRT
Forward Mutation Assay: Project No. R 3691. Prepared by Litton
Bionetics. 15 p. 

93084016	Barter, J. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40521012. Investigation of p-Dichlorobenzene for Claustogenic [sic]
Effects in Mice Using the Micronucleus Test: Project No. T 1021071.
Prepared by Bayer AG. 15 p. 

93084018	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40521008. Examination of the Potential of p-Dichlorobenzene to
Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication in the in vivo-in
vitro Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay: Project No. LSC-2603-1.
Prepared by SRI International. 13 p. 

93084019	Barter, J. (1990) PPG Industries Phase 3 Summary of MRID
40521009. Evaluation of the Potential of p-Dichlorobenzene to Induce
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication in the in vivo-in vitro Rat
Kidney Repair Assay: Project No. LSC-2603. Prepared by SRI
International. 13 p. 

93084999	PPG Industries (1990) Reregistration Phase 3 Response:
Paradichlorobenzene. Correspondence and Supporting Material. 

93085000	Standard Chlorine Chem Co (1990) Reregistration Phase 3
Response: Paradichlorobenzene. 

93085001	Touhey, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40632001 and Related MRIDs 40548601. Paradichlorobenzene - Product
Identity. 14 p. 

93085002	Touhey, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40548602. Analysis of Paradichlorobenzene by Gas Chromatography. 8
p. 

93085003	Touhey, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 40621701 and Related MRIDs 40891801. Physical and Chemical
Characteristics of Paradichlorobenzene: Determination of Octanol Water
Partition Coefficient of Carbon-14- Paradichlorobenzene: Project Nos.
4188-PDCB/37JG2, 4198-PDCB/39JG2, 4208-PDCB/40JG2, 4218-PDCB/41JG2,
4218-PDCB/42JG2; RD33; #15/TDP and ABC #37401. 9 p. 

93085004	Touhey, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3 Summary of
MRID 41293101. Paradichlorobenzene - Storage Stability: Project No.
2229-PDCB/43JG2. Prepared by Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. 6 p. 

93085005	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 41203402. Para-dichlorobenzene: An Acute Oral Toxicity
Study with the Bobwhite: Project No. 264-101. Prepared by Wildlife
International Ltd. 10 p. 

93085006	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 41203401. Para-Dichlorobenzene: Acute Toxicity to
Daphnia magna under Flow Through Conditions: Project No.
390-3003-000-0200-3140. Prepared by Hunter/ESE, Inc. 11 p. 

93085007	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and
Weanling Rats... Prepared by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 12 p.


93085008	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521001. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides in Adult and
Weanling Rats. Prepared by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 13 p. 

93085009	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 41410901. An Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of
Para-Dichlorobenzene in the Rat: Project No. 89-8230. Prepared by
Bio/dynamics, Inc. 10 p. 

93085010	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 41315001. A 21-Day Dermal Toxicity Study in Rats with
Para-Dichlorobenzene: Project No. 88-3384. Prepared by Bio/dynamics,
Inc. 10 p. 

93085011	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40568001. Paradichlorobenzene: Inhalation Teratology
Study in Rabbits: Project No. K-1323-(12). Prepared by DOW CHEMICAL U S
A. 9 p. 

93085012	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 41108801. Two-Generation Reproduction Study of Inhaled
Paradichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley (CD) Rats: Project No.
86-81-90605. Prepared by Bushy Run Research Center. 12 p. 

93085013	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40568002. Salmonella Mutagenicity Test Results for 250
Chemicals. Prepared by Case Western Reserve Univ. Dept. of Pediatrics. 9
p. 

93085015	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521013. Mutagenicity Evaluation of p-Dichlorobenzene
in the CHO HGPRT Forward Mutation Assay: Project No. R 3691. Prepared by
Litton Bionetics. 15 p. 

93085016	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521007. in vitro Gene Mutation Assay (HGPRT Locus) in
Cultured Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells on Para-Dichlorobenzene; and
Drosophilia Sex-linked Recessive Lethal Test on Para- Dichlorobenzene:
Project Nos. 10506 and 416-81. Prepared by Bioassay Systems Corp. 19 p. 

93085017	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521012. Investigation of p-Dichlorobenzene for
Claustogenic [sic] Effects in Mice Using the Micronucleus Test: Project
No. T 1021071. Prepared by Bayer AG Institute of Toxicology. 15 p. 

93085018	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521007. Effects of Para-Dichlorobenzene on the in
vitro Induction of Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Chinese Hamster Ovary
Cells: Project No. 11135. Prepared by Bioassay Systems Corp. 27 p. 

93085019	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521008. Examination of the Potential of
p-Dichlorobenzene to Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication
in the in vivo-in vitro Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay: Project No.
LSC-2603-1. Prepared by SRI International. 13 p. 

93085020	Barter, J.; Nair, R. (1990) Standard Chlorine Chem Co Phase 3
Summary of MRID 40521009. Evaluation of the Potential of
p-Dichlorobenzene to Induce Unscheduled DNA Synthesis or DNA Replication
in the in vivo-in vitro Rat Kidney DNA Repair Assay: Project No.
LSC-2603. Prepared by SRI International. 13 p. 

93085999	Standard Chlorine Chem Co (1990) Reregistration Phase 3
Response: Paradichlorobenzene. Correspondence and Supporting Material. 



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