  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF              

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES 

MEMORANDUM

DATE:  	03-OCT-2007  

SUBJECT:	Fluroxypyr Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure
and Risk Assessment for the Section 3 Registration Action to Support New
Uses on Pome Fruits and Millet

PC Code:	128968 & 128959	Decision Number:  373266

DP Number:	D344532

REVIEWER:	Donna S. Davis, Chemist 

RRB1/Health Effects Division (7509P)

THROUGH:	David Soderberg, Chemist

Sheila Piper, Chemist

Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC)

Health Effects Division (7509P)

and

Christine L. Olinger, Branch Senior Scientist

Michael S. Metzger, Chief

RRB1/Health Effects Division (7509P)

TO:		Shaja Brothers, Risk Assessor

		Barbara Madden, Minor Use Team Leader

		Dan Rosenblatt, Chief

		RIMUERB/Registration Division (7505P)

	

Executive Summary

A chronic dietary (food and drinking water) exposure and risk assessment
was conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model DEEM-FCID™,
Version 2.03 which use food consumption data from the U.S. Department of
Agriculture’s Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by Individuals
(CSFII) from 1994-1996 and 1998.  The analysis was performed to support
Section 3 requests for new uses of fluroxypyr in/on pome fruit and
millet. 

    

Chronic Dietary Exposure Results and Characterization

An unrefined, Tier 1 chronic dietary exposure and risk assessment was
conducted incorporating both food and water residues.  For all foods,
the assessment assumed 100% crop treated and tolerance level residues
for all existing and new uses of fluroxypyr.  The drinking water inputs
were based on modeled surface water values from the scenario likely to
provide the highest estimated environmental concentration.  These
assumptions result in highly conservative estimates of dietary exposure
and risk.  Typically, HED has concerns regarding dietary risk when the
exposure estimates exceed 100% of the chronic population adjusted dose
(cPAD).  Even with the conservative assumptions noted above, risk
estimates associated with the established and new uses of fluroxypyr are
significantly below HED’s level of concern.  The estimated exposure
(food and water) to the U.S. population from the existing and proposed
new uses of fluroxypyr resulted in an estimated risk equivalent to < 1%
of the chronic population adjusted dose (cPAD).  The most highly exposed
subpopulation was children 1 – 2 years of age with an estimated
exposure equivalent to 1.4% of the cPAD.

I.	Introduction

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a
given pesticide.  For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is
expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose
which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health
effects).  This dose is referred to as the population adjusted dose
(PAD).  The PAD is equivalent to point of departure (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL,
e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty or safety factors.

For chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk
exceeds 100% of the PAD.  References which discuss the acute and chronic
risk assessments in more detail are available on the EPA/pesticides web
site:  “Available Information on Assessing Exposure from Pesticides, A
User’s Guide,” 21-JUN-2000, web link:      HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf" 
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf  ; or see
SOP 99.6 (20-AUG-1999).

The most recent dietary risk assessment for fluroxypyr was conducted by
Amelia Acierto (8/1/2006, DP 328732).

II.	Residue Information

Registered and Proposed Fluroxypyr Tolerances

Tolerances have been established for the combined residues of fluroxypyr
1-methylheptyl ester [1-methylheptyl
((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy)acetate] and its
metabolite fluroxypyr
[((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy)acetic acid] under 40
CFR 180.535. The established tolerances for plant commodities range from
0.02 ppm (field corn grain, sweet corn K+CWHR, and sorghum grain) to 160
ppm (grass hay) [40 CFR 180.535(a)].  The established tolerances for
livestock commodities range from 0.1 ppm (fat, meat, and meat
byproducts) to 1.5 ppm (kidney).  

New uses for fluroxypyr are proposed for pome fruits and millet.  The
pome fruit use provides for a single application of fluroxypyr to the
orchard floor up to 14-days before harvest.  The millet use allows for
up to two post emergence aerial or ground broadcast applications to
millet up to 40 days before grain harvest.  HED has recommended that a
tolerance of 0.02 ppm be established for pome fruit and 0.5 ppm for
millet grain.

Residue Data used for Chronic Assessment:

™  default concentration values for dried commodities were used for
the analysis.

 Drinking Water Data

The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were
provided by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED).  EEC
values were provided to HED in the memorandum entitled Drinking Water
Assessment for Fluroxypyr new Uses on Pome Fruit and Millet (DP 336179,
Johnathan Angier, 9/26/07).  Water residues were incorporated in the
DEEM-FCID™  into the food categories “water, direct, all sources”
and “water, indirect, all sources.”   

EFED currently has no monitoring data for fluroxypyr in surface or
groundwater.  The Tier II screening models PRZM and EXAMS with the Index
Reservoir and Percent Crop Area adjustment (IR-PCA PRZM/EXAMS) were used
to determine estimated surface water concentrations of fluroxypyr. The
Screening Concentration in Groundwater (SCI-GROW) model was used to
estimate groundwater concentrations for fluroxypyr. These models and
their descriptions are available at the EPA internet site:   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/" 
http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/ .  

EFED previously conducted an analysis to determine drinking water
estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) of fluroxypyr  based on
application to rangeland and pastureland grasses (D292471, Ibrahim
Abdel-Saheb, 8/13/03).  Subsequently, EFED conducted an analysis to
determine EECs for fluroxypyr based on the newly proposed uses that are
the subject of this petition.  Modeled surface and drinking water
numbers for the rangeland and pastureland grasses, pome fruit and millet
uses are summarized in the table, below.  EFED has concluded that the
rangeland and pastureland uses continue to result in the highest surface
water numbers.  Since the surface water EECs are significantly higher
than the ground water EECs, the annual mean surface water residue
derived from the pastureland/rangeland scenario was used in the chronic
dietary risk assessment.  

Table 1.  Estimated Environmental Concentrations for Fluroxypyr

Duration	Model EECs (ppb)

Rangeland/Pastureland (Alfalfa)

Surface water/ peak (90th percentile annual daily max.)	32.9

Surface water/ 90th percentile  (annual mean)	3.28

Surface water (36-year overall mean )	1.76

Groundwater 	0.04

Pome Fruit (NC Apple)

Surface water/ peak (90th percentile annual daily max.)	19.0

Surface water/ 90th percentile  (annual mean)	0.25

Surface water (36-year overall mean )	0.09

Groundwater 	0.05

Millet (TX sorghum)

Surface water/ peak (90th percentile annual daily max.)	15.4

Surface water/ 90th percentile  (annual mean)	0.21

Surface water (36-year overall mean )	0.06

Groundwater 	0.03

Note:  Bolded value is EEC used for the chronic dietary exposure and
risk assessment.

IV.	DEEM-FCID™ Program and Consumption Information

Fluroxypyr chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted using the
Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the Food Commodity
Intake Database DEEM-FCID™, Version 2.03, which incorporates
consumption data from USDA’s Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by
Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 and 1998.  The 1994-96, 98 data are based
on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals over two
non-consecutive survey days.  Foods “as consumed” (e.g., apple pie)
are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g. apples, peeled fruit -
cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S,
baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed
jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA.  For chronic exposure assessment,
consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within
population subgroups, but for acute exposure assessment are retained as
individual consumption events.  Based on analysis of the 1994-96, 98
CSFII consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and
survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report
risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S.
population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5,
children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50+
years old.

For chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue
level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the
food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily
consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake
estimate.  The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form
is summed with the residue intake estimates for all other food/food
forms on the commodity residue list to arrive at the total average
estimated exposure.  Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and
as a percent of the cPAD.  This procedure is performed for each
population subgroup.

V.	Toxicological Information

The toxicology database is considered complete for the purposes of this
risk assessment.  The Fluroxypyr Risk Assessment Team has reviewed the
toxicity database and has concluded that the doses and endpoints
previously selected for risk assessment purposes remain consistent with
current HED policy and are appropriate for the routes and durations of
exposure anticipated from the existing and newly proposed uses of
fluroxypyr.  

Fluroxypyr has low acute toxicity by the oral and dermal routes and
moderate acute toxicity by the inhalation route.  It is not irritating
to the skin, nor is it a dermal sensitizer; however, it is a mild eye
irritant.  Subchronic and chronic studies in rats, mice, and dogs
indicate that the target organ is the kidney.  Developmental studies and
the reproductive study in rats indicated maternal toxicity as increased
kidney weight, decreased body-weight gain and food consumption.  In
developmental studies with both rats and rabbits, deaths at high doses
were observed.  There was no evidence (quantitative/qualitative) of
increased susceptibility following in utero exposure to fluroxypyr in
rats and rabbits, or following pre and/or postnatal exposure in rats. A
review of acceptable carcinogenicity and mutagenicity studies provide no
indication that fluroxypyr is carcinogenic or mutagenic.

Endpoints for risk assessment were based on kidney effects seen in the
database.  Doses selected for dietary risk assessment purposes are
summarized below.  The FQPA safety factor was reduced to 1X since the
toxicity database was considered complete, there were no residual
uncertainties for pre-and/or post natal toxicity, no evidence of
neurotoxicity or neuropathology was found, and the estimated exposures
were not likely to underestimate risk.

Table 2. Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Fluroxypyr
for Use in Human Risk Assessments

Exposure

Scenario	Dose Used in Risk Assessment, UF 	FQPA SF* and Level of Concern
for Risk Assessment	Study and Toxicological Effects

Acute Dietary

(All populations)	No adverse effects were identified following a single
oral dose and there are no developmental concerns noted in the database.
 A risk assessment for this route and duration is not required.

Chronic Dietary

(All populations)	NOAEL= 100 mg/kg/day

UF = 100

chronic RfD = 

1 mg/kg/day

	FQPA SF = 1x

chronic PAD = 

1 mg/kg/day	Chronic/Onco-Rat

LOAEL = 500 mg/kg/day based on kidney effects, which include increased
kidney weights, alterations in clinical chemistry parameters indicative
of impaired renal functions, and increase in severity of chronic
progressive  glomerulonephropathy (both sexes).

Cancer (oral, dermal, inhalation)			Classification: “not likely”
human carcinogen



UF = uncertainty factor, FQPA SF = FQPA safety factor, NOAEL = no
observed adverse effect level, LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect
level, PAD = population adjusted dose, RfD = reference dose, NA = Not
Applicable

VI.	Results/Discussion 

As stated above, for chronic assessments, HED is concerned when dietary
risk exceeds 100% of the cPAD.  The DEEM-FCID™ analyses estimate the
dietary exposure of the U.S. population and various population
subgroups.  The results of the chronic dietary assessment reported in
Table 3 are for the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old),
children 1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, females 13-49,
adults 20-49, and adults 50+ years.  

Results of Chronic Dietary Exposure Analysis

The results of the chronic dietary exposure analysis are reported in the
summary table below. 

 

Table 3.  Summary of Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure
and Risk for Fluroxypyr

Population Subgroup	Chronic Dietary

	Dietary Exposure

(mg/kg/day)	% cPAD

General U.S. Population	0.003278	<1

All Infants (< 1 year old)	0.004983	<1

Children 1-2 years old	0.014050	1.4

Children 3-5 years old	0.009938	1.0

Children 6-12 years old	0.006082	<1

Youth 13-19 years old	0.002914	<1

Adults 20-49 years old	0.002036	<1

Adults 50+ years old	0.001816	<1

Females 13-49 years old	0.002003	<1



VII.	Characterization of Inputs/Outputs

The Tier 1 chronic dietary assessment is considered to be highly
conservative, using tolerance level residues and 100% crop treated
information for all commodities, as well as default drying concentration
factors.  The results of the dietary risk assessment are unlikely to
underestimate risk.

  

VIII.	Conclusions

An unrefined, Tier 1 chronic dietary exposure assessment using tolerance
level residues and 100% crop treated incorporating modeled water
residues was conducted to support new uses on pome fruit and millet. 
The assessment is considered highly conservative.  Exposures from
fluroxypyr for the U.S. population resulted in an estimated risk
equivalent to <1% of the cPAD.  The most highly exposed population
subgroup is children 1 – 2 years of age with an exposure equivalent to
an estimated risk of 1.4% of the cPAD.  

IX.		List of Attachments

Chronic Food and Water Residue Input file.

Chronic Results file.

Attachment 1.  Chronic Food and Water Residue Input file.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for FLUROXYPYR                        
1994-98 data

Residue file: C:\Documents and Settings\ddavis05\DEEM
files\Flur_chron_fw.R98

                                                               Adjust.
#2 used

Analysis Date 10-03-2007             Residue file dated:
10-03-2007/08:06:24/8

Reference dose (RfD) = 1 mg/kg bw/day

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------

Food Crop                                       Residue      
Adj.Factors      Comment

EPA Code  Grp  Food Name                          (ppm)       

                                                             #1        
#2 

-------- ---- -------------------------------   ---------- ------    
------   -------

11000070 11   Apple, fruit with peel             0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000080 11   Apple, peeled fruit                0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000081 11   Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood       0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000090 11   Apple, dried                       0.020000   8.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000091 11   Apple, dried-babyfood              0.020000   8.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000100 11   Apple, juice                       0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000101 11   Apple, juice-babyfood              0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000110 11   Apple, sauce                       0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11000111 11   Apple, sauce-babyfood              0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

15000250 15   Barley, pearled barley             0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15000251 15   Barley, pearled barley-babyfood    0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15000260 15   Barley, flour                      0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15000261 15   Barley, flour-babyfood             0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15000270 15   Barley, bran                       0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

21000440 M    Beef, meat                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000441 M    Beef, meat-babyfood                0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000450 M    Beef, meat, dried                  0.100000   1.920     
1.000   

21000460 M    Beef, meat byproducts              0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000461 M    Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000470 M    Beef, fat                          0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000471 M    Beef,fat-babyfood                  0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000480 M    Beef, kidney                       1.500000   1.000     
1.000   

21000490 M    Beef, liver                        0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

21000491 M    Beef, liver-babyfood               0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

15001200 15   Corn, field, flour                 0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001201 15   Corn, field, flour-babyfood        0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001210 15   Corn, field, meal                  0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001211 15   Corn, field, meal-babyfood         0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001220 15   Corn, field, bran                  0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001230 15   Corn, field, starch                0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001231 15   Corn, field, starch-babyfood       0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001240 15   Corn, field, syrup                 0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001241 15   Corn, field, syrup-babyfood        0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001250 15   Corn, field, oil                   0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001251 15   Corn, field, oil-babyfood          0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001260 15   Corn, pop                          0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001270 15   Corn, sweet                        0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

15001271 15   Corn, sweet-babyfood               0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

11001290 11   Crabapple                          0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

03001640 3    Garlic                             0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

03001650 3    Garlic, dried                      0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

03001651 3    Garlic, dried-babyfood             0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

23001690 M    Goat, meat                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

23001700 M    Goat, meat byproducts              0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

23001710 M    Goat, fat                          0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

23001720 M    Goat, kidney                       1.500000   1.000     
1.000   

23001730 M    Goat, liver                        0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

24001890 M    Horse, meat                        0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

11002100 11   Loquat                             0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

28002210 M    Meat, game                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

27002220 D    Milk, fat                          0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27002221 D    Milk, fat - baby food/infant for   0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27012230 D    Milk, nonfat solids                0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27012231 D    Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27022240 D    Milk, water                        0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27022241 D    Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

27032251 D    Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.300000   1.000     
1.000   

15002260 15   Millet, grain                      0.500000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

15002310 15   Oat, bran                          0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15002320 15   Oat, flour                         0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15002321 15   Oat, flour-babyfood                0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15002330 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats            0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15002331 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats-babyfood   0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

03002370 3    Onion, dry bulb                    0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

03002371 3    Onion, dry bulb-babyfood           0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

03002380 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried             0.030000   9.000     
1.000   

03002381 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried-babyfood    0.030000   9.000     
1.000   

11002660 11   Pear                               0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11002661 11   Pear-babyfood                      0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11002670 11   Pear, dried                        0.020000   8.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11002680 11   Pear, juice                        0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

11002681 11   Pear, juice-babyfood               0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

25002900 M    Pork, meat                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002901 M    Pork, meat-babyfood                0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002910 M    Pork, skin                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002920 M    Pork, meat byproducts              0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002921 M    Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002930 M    Pork, fat                          0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002931 M    Pork, fat-babyfood                 0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

25002940 M    Pork, kidney                       1.500000   1.000     
1.000   

25002950 M    Pork, liver                        0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

11003100 11   Quince                             0.020000   1.000     
1.000   New Us

  Full comment: New Use

29003120 M    Rabbit, meat                       0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

03003380 3    Shallot                            0.030000   1.000     
1.000   

26003390 M    Sheep, meat                        0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

26003391 M    Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

26003400 M    Sheep, meat byproducts             0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

26003410 M    Sheep, fat                         0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

26003411 M    Sheep, fat-babyfood                0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

26003420 M    Sheep, kidney                      1.500000   1.000     
1.000   

26003430 M    Sheep, liver                       0.100000   1.000     
1.000   

15003440 15   Sorghum, grain                     0.020000   1.000     
1.000   

15003450 15   Sorghum, syrup                     0.020000   1.000     
1.000   

86010000 O    Water, direct, all sources         0.003300   1.000     
1.000   

86020000 O    Water, indirect, all sources       0.003300   1.000     
1.000   

15004010 15   Wheat, grain                       0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15004011 15   Wheat, grain-babyfood              0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15004020 15   Wheat, flour                       0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15004021 15   Wheat, flour-babyfood              0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15004030 15   Wheat, germ                        0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

15004040 15   Wheat, bran                        0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

Attachment 2.  Chronic Dietary (Food and Water) Results

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for FLUROXYPYR                       (1994-98
data)

Residue file name: C:\Documents and Settings\ddavis05\DEEM
files\Flur_chron_fw.R98

                                                     Adjustment factor
#2 used.

Analysis Date 10-03-2007/08:07:21     Residue file dated:
10-03-2007/08:06:24/8

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = 1 mg/kg bw/day

========================================================================
=======

                    Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

                                                    Total Exposure

                                        
-----------------------------------

          Population                         mg/kg             Percent
of   

           Subgroup                       body wt/day             Rfd   
   

--------------------------------------   -------------      
---------------

U.S. Population (total)                     0.003278                
0.3%

U.S. Population (spring season)             0.003276                
0.3%

U.S. Population (summer season)             0.003159                
0.3%

U.S. Population (autumn season)             0.003384                
0.3%

U.S. Population (winter season)             0.003288                
0.3%

Northeast region                            0.003334                
0.3%

Midwest region                              0.003467                
0.3%

Southern region                             0.002984                
0.3%

Western region                              0.003490                
0.3%

Hispanics                                   0.003738                
0.4%

Non-hispanic whites                         0.003263                
0.3%

Non-hispanic blacks                         0.002928                
0.3%

Non-hisp/non-white/non-black                0.003421                
0.3%

All infants (< 1 year)              
†††〠〮㐰㠹″††††††††⸰┵不牵楳杮椠普
湡獴††††††††††††††〠〮㄰㐶‱†††
†††††⸰┲不湯渭牵楳杮椠普湡獴†††††††
†††††〠〮㘰㔲′††††††††⸰┶

@

„@

„`ú^„@

-

+

,

S

l

n

u

v

‘

’

•

–

—

©

«

®

´

h

	

,

T

l

”

•

–

˜

ª

«

´

µ

¼

Ç

Õ

Ö

ã

ó

õ

÷

â

ä

h

@

@

@

gd

@

@

hÃ

h

hÃ

h

愀Ĥ摧湭\

愀Ĥ摧湭\

愀̤摧湭\t欀Ɽ

愀̤摧湭\欀

愀Ĥ摧湭\

摧湭\欀杤

@

&

&

&

&

&

ô

ô

&

ô

ô

&

&



&

&



&

&



&

&



&

&



&

&



&

&





&

@

&

@

&

@

&

@

&

@

&

@

j

Children 1-6  yrs                           0.011045                
1.1%

Children 7-12 yrs                           0.005672                
0.6%

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing)         0.002478                
0.2%

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing)           0.001814                
0.2%

Females 13-50 yrs                           0.002296                
0.2%

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing)              0.002833                
0.3%

Females 13+ (nursing)                       0.002990                
0.3%

Males 13-19 yrs                             0.003320                
0.3%

Males 20+ yrs                               0.002079                
0.2%

Seniors 55+                                 0.001831                
0.2%

Children 1-2 yrs                            0.014050                
1.4%

Children 3-5 yrs                            0.009938                
1.0%

Children 6-12 yrs                           0.006082                
0.6%

Youth 13-19 yrs                             0.002914                
0.3%

Adults 20-49 yrs                            0.002036                
0.2%

Adults 50+ yrs                              0.001816                
0.2%

Females 13-49 yrs                           0.002003                
0.2%

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

Fluroxypyr	Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment	DP Number: 344532	

Page   PAGE  9  of   NUMPAGES  11 

 

