United
States
Prevention,
Pesticides
EPA
738­
R­
06­
026
Environmental
Protection
and
Toxic
Substances
August
2006
Agency
(
7508C)

Report
of
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
(
FQPA)
Tolerance
Reassessment
and
Risk
Management
Decision
(
TRED)
for
Methyl
Bromide,
and
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
RED)
for
Methyl
Bromide's
Commodity
Uses
Report
of
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
(
FQPA)
Tolerance
Reassessment
and
Risk
Management
Decision
(
TRED)
for
Methyl
Bromide,
and
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
RED)
for
Methyl
Bromide's
Commodity
Uses
List
A
Case
No.
0355
Approved
by:
__________________
Debra
Edwards,
Ph.
D.
Director
Special
Review
and
Reregistration
Division
Date:
__________________
3
Glossary
of
Terms
and
Abbreviations
AGDCI
Agricultural
Data
Call­
In
ai
Active
Ingredient
aPAD
Acute
Population
Adjusted
Dose
BCF
Bioconcentration
Factor
CFR
Code
of
Federal
Regulations
cPAD
Chronic
Population
Adjusted
Dose
CSF
Confidential
Statement
of
Formulation
CSFII
USDA
Continuing
Surveys
for
Food
Intake
by
Individuals
DCI
Data
Call­
In
DEEM
Dietary
Exposure
Evaluation
Model
DFR
Dislodgeable
Foliar
Residue
DNT
Developmental
Neurotoxicity
EC
Emulsifiable
Concentrate
Formulation
EDWC
Estimated
Drinking
Water
Concentration
EEC
Estimated
Environmental
Concentration
EPA
Environmental
Protection
Agency
EUP
End­
Use
Product
FDA
Food
and
Drug
Administration
FIFRA
Federal
Insecticide,
Fungicide,
and
Rodenticide
Act
FFDCA
Federal
Food,
Drug,
and
Cosmetic
Act
FQPA
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
GLN
Guideline
Number
IR
Index
Reservoir
LC50
Median
Lethal
Concentration.
A
statistically
derived
concentration
of
a
substance
that
can
be
expected
to
cause
death
in
50%
of
test
animals.
It
is
usually
expressed
as
the
weight
of
a
substance
per
weight
or
volume
of
water,
air,
or
feed,
e.
g.,
mg/
l,
mg/
kg,
or
ppm.
LD50
Median
Lethal
Dose.
A
statistically
derived
single
dose
that
can
be
expected
to
cause
death
in
50%
of
the
test
animals
when
administered
by
the
route
indicated
(
oral,
dermal,
inhalation).
It
is
expressed
as
a
weight
of
substance
per
unit
weight
of
animal,
e.
g.,
mg/
kg.
LOC
Level
of
Concern
LOAEL
Lowest
Observed
Adverse
Effect
Level
MATC
Maximum
Acceptable
Toxicant
Concentration
µ
g/
g
Micrograms
Per
Gram
µ
g/
L
Micrograms
Per
Liter
mg/
kg/
day
Milligram
Per
Kilogram
Per
Day
mg/
L
Milligram
Per
Liter
MOE
Margin
of
Exposure
MRID
Master
Record
Identification
Number.
EPA's
system
for
recording
and
tracking
studies
submitted.
4
MUP
Manufacturing­
Use
Product
NOAEL
No
Observed
Adverse
Effect
Level
OPP
EPA
Office
of
Pesticide
Programs
OPPTS
EPA
Office
of
Prevention,
Pesticides,
and
Toxic
Substances
PAD
Population
Adjusted
Dose
PCA
Percent
Crop
Area
PDP
USDA
Pesticide
Data
Program
PHED
Pesticide
Handler's
Exposure
Data
PHI
Pre­
harvest
Interval
ppb
Parts
Per
Billion
PPE
Personal
Protective
Equipment
ppm
Parts
Per
Million
PRZM/
EXAMS
Tier
II
Surface
Water
Computer
Model
RAC
Raw
Agriculture
Commodity
RED
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
REI
Restricted
Entry
Interval
RfD
Reference
Dose
RQ
Risk
Quotient
SCI­
GROW
Tier
I
Ground
Water
Computer
Model
SAP
Science
Advisory
Panel
SF
Safety
Factor
SLC
Single
Layer
Clothing
TGAI
Technical
Grade
Active
Ingredient
USDA
United
States
Department
of
Agriculture
USGS
United
States
Geological
Survey
UF
Uncertainty
Factor
UV
Ultraviolet
WPS
Worker
Protection
Standard
5
Table
of
Contents
Methyl
bromide
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
Team...........................................................
7
Abstract
......................................................................................................................................
8
I.
Introduction
............................................................................................................................
9
II.
Chemical
Overview..............................................................................................................
10
A.
Chemical
Identity............................................................................................................
10
B.
Use
and
Usage
Profile
.....................................................................................................
11
III.
Methyl
Bromide
Risk
Assessments
.....................................................................................
12
IV.
Risk
Management,
Reregistration,
and
Tolerance
Reassessment
Decision...........................
13
A.
Determination
of
Reregistration
Eligibility.......................................................................
13
B.
Public
Comments
and
Responses.....................................................................................
14
C.
Regulatory
Position
.........................................................................................................
15
1.
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
Findings...........................................................................
15
a.
"
Risk
Cup"
Determination
.........................................................................................
15
b.
Determination
of
Safety
to
U.
S.
Population
...............................................................
15
2.
Endocrine
Disruptor
Effects
.........................................................................................
15
3.
Cumulative
Risks
.........................................................................................................
16
4.
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
...............................................................................
16
a.
Commodity
Uses
.......................................................................................................
16
b.
Pre­
Plant
Soil
Uses
....................................................................................................
22
D.
Regulatory
Rationale
.......................................................................................................
23
1.
Dietary
(
food
+
drinking
water)
Risk
............................................................................
23
2.
Residential
Risks
..........................................................................................................
24
3.
Aggregate
Risk.............................................................................................................
26
a.
Acute.........................................................................................................................
26
b.
Short­,
Intermediate­
Term,
and
Chronic
Aggregate
Risk
...........................................
26
4.
Worker
Risks
...............................................................................................................
27
5.
Stratospheric
Ozone
Depletion
Risks............................................................................
27
6.
Ecological
Risk
............................................................................................................
27
E.
Residential
Bystander
and
Occupational
Risk
Mitigation
.................................................
27
1.
Site­
Specific
Fumigation
Management
Plan
(
FMP)
......................................................
27
a.
Buffer
Zones..............................................................................................................
29
1)
Buffer
Zones
Based
on
Agency
Look­
Up­
Tables..................................................
30
2)
Buffer
Zones
Based
on
Alternate
Methods
...........................................................
31
3)
Minimum
Buffer
Zones
........................................................................................
31
4)
Exceptions............................................................................................................
31
b.
Posting
and
Notification
............................................................................................
32
c.
Record
Keeping
.........................................................................................................
33
1)
Fumigation
Sites...................................................................................................
33
2)
Fumigators
...........................................................................................................
33
2.
Respiratory
Protection
for
Fumigation
Workers
and
Other
On­
site
Workers
.................
33
3.
Storage
Areas
...............................................................................................................
35
4.
Minimum
Aeration
Times
.............................................................................................
35
6
a.
Mechanical
and
Passive
Aeration...............................................................................
35
b.
Exceptions.................................................................................................................
35
V.
What
Registrants
Need
to
Do
..............................................................................................
36
A.
Manufacturing
Use
Products............................................................................................
36
1.
Additional
Generic
Data
Requirements.........................................................................
36
2.
Labeling
for
Manufacturing­
Use
Products
....................................................................
38
B.
End­
Use
Products
...........................................................................................................
38
1.
Additional
Product­
Specific
Data
Requirements
..........................................................
38
2.
Labeling
for
End­
Use
Products....................................................................................
39
C.
Conclusions
.....................................................................................................................
58
Appendices
...............................................................................................................................
58
7
Methyl
bromide
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
Team
Office
of
Pesticide
Programs:

Health
Effects
Risk
Assessment
Jeff
Dawson
Elizabeth
Mendez
Toiya
Goodlow
Christine
Olinger
Michael
Metzger
Biological
and
Economic
Analysis
Assessment
Bill
Chism
Jonathan
Becker
Colwell
Cook
David
Donaldson
Elisa
Rim
TJ
Wyatt
Istanbul
Yusuf
Environmental
Fate
and
Effects
Risk
Assessment
Faruque
Khan
James
Felkel
Registration
Support
Mary
Waller
Risk
Management
Steven
Weiss
Eric
Olson
John
Leahy
Robert
Mcnally
8
Abstract
This
document
presents
EPA's
decision
regarding
the
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
(
FQPA)
tolerance
reassessment
for
methyl
bromide
(
MeBr)
and
reregistration
eligibility
of
the
commodity
uses
of
the
active
ingredient
methyl
bromide.
The
Agency
has
conducted
human
health
and
environmental
fate
and
effects
risk
assessments
for
methyl
bromide
and
has
made
tolerance
reassessment
decisions
for
140
tolerances
related
to
all
registered
methyl
bromide
uses.
The
Agency
has
determined
that,
with
label
amendments
and
changes
as
specified
in
this
document,
there
is
a
reasonable
certainty
that
no
harm
will
result
to
the
general
U.
S.
population,
infants,
children,
or
other
population
subgroups,
from
methyl
bromide's
food
commodity
uses.

Generally,
registered
methyl
bromide
application/
fumigation
uses
fall
into
four
basic
categories
that
include:
(
1)
pre­
plant
soil
fumigations;
(
2)
structural,
industrial,
and
residential
uses;
(
3)
post­
harvest
food
commodity
uses;
and
(
4)
other
specialized
fumigations.
This
decision
document
covers
methyl
bromide
uses
that
have
accompanying
food
residue
tolerances
for
postharvest
fumigation
of
food
commodities
in
chambers
at
ports
or
specialized
structural
fumigations
at
food
processing
facilities.
Although
some
methyl
bromide
uses
such
as
fumigation
of
timber,
wood
products,
and
industrial
equipment
do
not
require
a
food
residue
tolerance,
the
Agency
has
included
them
in
this
reregistration
decision
since
they
are
performed
in
similar
facilities
and
were
assessed
with
a
similar
risk
assessment
methodology.
Hereafter,
these
methyl
bromide
uses
will
be
referred
to
as
"
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses."

EPA
is
currently
assessing
risks
and
will
be
developing
risk
management
decisions
for
five
soil
fumigant
pesticides:
chloropicrin,
dazomet,
metam
sodium,
methyl
bromide,
and
a
new
active
ingredient,
iodomethane.
Risks
of
a
sixth
soil
fumigant,
1,3­
D
(
Telone),
are
also
being
analyzed
along
with
the
5
soil
fumigants
for
comparative
purposes
(
see
website
link
below);
its
risk
management
decision
was
completed
in
1998.
The
Agency
is
evaluating
these
soil
fumigants
concurrently
to
ensure
that
human
health
risk
assessment
approaches
are
consistent,
and
that
risk
tradeoffs
and
economic
outcomes
can
be
considered
appropriately
in
reaching
risk
management
decisions.
This
review
is
part
of
EPA's
program
to
ensure
that
all
pesticides
meet
current
health
and
safety
standards.
A
decision
on
the
reregistration
of
methyl
bromide's
non­
commodity
uses
that
do
not
have
food
tolerances
(
e.
g.,
structural
and
pre­
plant
soil
uses)
is
scheduled
to
be
completed
in
2007
with
the
other
soil
fumigants.
For
further
details
on
the
reregistration
of
the
soil
fumigants
see
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
oppsrrd1/
reregistration/
soil_
fumigants/.

The
completion
of
the
methyl
bromide
RED
for
food
commodity
uses
results
in
the
reassessment
of
128
existing
tolerances.
As
of
April
26,
2006,
the
Agency
considered
the
existing
12
tolerances
from
soil
fumigation
reassessed
(
see
April
26,
2006,
memo,
"
Completion
of
Tolerance
Reassessment
for
Inorganic
Bromides
Resulting
from
Soil
Treatment,"
from
D.
Edwards,
Special
Review
and
Reregistration
Division
Director
to
J.
Jones,
Office
of
Pesticides
Program
Director).
The
Agency's
reregistration
decision
on
methyl
bromide's
soil
uses
will
not
impact
this
RED
since
soil
uses
no
longer
have
related
food
tolerances
and
have
a
negligible
contribution
to
drinking
water
risks.
9
EPA
has
identified
potential
human
health
risks
of
concern
associated
with
the
currently
registered
commodity
uses
of
MeBr
from
acute
inhalation
exposure
to
workers
and
bystanders.
In
this
document
the
term
"
worker"
refers
to
persons
involved
in
applications
of
methyl
bromide.
Since
methyl
bromide
is
a
restricted­
use
pesticide
(
RUP),
fumigation
workers
must
be
certified
applicators,
or
be
working
under
the
direct
supervision
of
a
certified
applicator.
The
term
"
bystander"
in
this
document
refers
to
any
other
person
who
lives
or
works
in
the
vicinity
of
a
fumigation
site.
To
reduce
these
exposures
and
to
address
subsequent
risks
of
concern,
EPA
is
requiring
a
number
of
mitigation
measures
such
as
site­
specific
fumigant
management
plans
(
FMPs),
respiratory
protection,
buffer
zones,
posting
and
notification.
The
focus
of
the
Agency's
mitigation
measures
is
on
direct
acute
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
from
commodity
uses.
However,
the
Agency
has
concluded
that
many
of
these
measures,
combined
with
the
MeBr
phase­
out
mandated
by
the
Montreal
Protocol,
will
further
reduce
the
potential
health
effects
from
ozone
depletion
that
may
be
attributed
to
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses,
such
as
skin
cancer.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
MeBr's
commodity
uses
are
eligible
for
reregistration
provided
that
the
risk
mitigation
measures
outlined
in
this
document
are
adopted
and
label
amendments
are
made
to
reflect
these
measures.

The
Agency
is
issuing
this
decision
document
for
MeBr,
as
announced
in
a
Notice
of
Availability
published
in
the
Federal
Register.
There
will
be
a
60­
day
public
comment
period
for
this
document
to
allow
stakeholders
the
opportunity
to
review
and
provide
comments
on
this
decision.

I.
Introduction
The
Federal
Insecticide,
Fungicide,
and
Rodenticide
Act
(
FIFRA)
was
amended
in
1988
to
accelerate
the
reregistration
of
products
with
active
ingredients
registered
prior
to
November
1,
1984.
The
amended
Act
calls
for
the
development
and
submission
of
data
to
support
the
reregistration
of
an
active
ingredient,
as
well
as
a
review
of
all
data
submitted
to
the
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(
hereafter
referred
to
as
EPA
or
the
Agency).
Reregistration
involves
a
thorough
review
of
the
scientific
database
underlying
a
pesticide's
registration.
The
purpose
of
the
Agency's
review
is
to
reassess
the
potential
risks
arising
from
the
currently
registered
uses
of
each
pesticide
chemical.
This
document
presents
EPA's
assessment
and
risk
management
decisions
for
methyl
bromide's
uses
in
enclosures,
chambers
and
structural
food
processing/
storage
facilities
(
hereafter
referred
to
as
commodity
uses)
to
determine
the
need
for
additional
data
on
health
and
environmental
effects,
and
to
determine
whether
or
not
these
uses
of
the
pesticide
meet
the
"
no
unreasonable
adverse
effects"
criteria
of
FIFRA
and
the
"
reasonable
certainty
of
no
harm"
criteria
of
the
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
(
FQPA).
Risks
summarized
in
this
document
are
those
that
result
only
from
the
commodity
uses
of
methyl
bromide.
However,
EPA
has
considered
potential
dietary
(
food
+
drinking
water)
risks
associated
with
all
methyl
bromide
uses,
including
pre­
plant
soil
uses.
As
a
result
of
this
review,
the
Agency
has
determined
that
all
products
registered
for
commodity
uses
containing
the
active
ingredient
methyl
bromide
are
eligible
for
reregistration
provided
that
the
risk
mitigation
measures
indicated
in
this
document
are
adopted.
10
The
completion
of
the
methyl
bromide
RED
for
commodity
uses
results
in
the
reassessment
of
all
140
existing
tolerances
(
i.
e.,
128
post­
harvest
uses
+
12
tolerances
from
preplant
soil
applications
that
were
already
re­
assessed
by
the
Agency).
A
decision
on
the
reregistration
of
methyl
bromide's
pre­
plant
soil
uses
will
be
completed
in
2007
with
the
other
soil
fumigants.
For
further
details
on
the
reregistration
of
the
soil
fumigants
see
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
oppsrrd1/
reregistration/
soil_
fumigants/.
The
Agency's
reregistration
decision
on
methyl
bromide's
soil
uses
will
not
impact
this
TRED/
RED
since
soil
uses
no
longer
have
related
food
tolerances
and
have
a
negligible
contribution
to
drinking
water.

The
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
(
FQPA)
requires
that,
when
considering
whether
to
establish,
modify,
or
revoke
a
tolerance,
the
Agency
consider
available
information
concerning
the
cumulative
effects
of
a
particular
pesticide's
residues
and
other
substances
that
have
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity.
Unlike
other
pesticides
for
which
EPA
has
followed
a
cumulative
risk
approach
based
on
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity,
EPA
has
not
made
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity
finding
as
to
methyl
bromide,
and
methyl
bromide
does
not
appear
to
produce
a
toxic
metabolite
produced
by
other
substances.
Therefore,
for
the
purposes
of
reregistration,
EPA
has
not
assumed
that
methyl
bromide
shares
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity
with
other
compounds.
For
information
regarding
EPA's
efforts
to
determine
which
chemicals
have
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity,
see
the
policy
statements
released
by
EPA's
Office
of
Pesticide
Programs
concerning
common
mechanism
determinations
and
procedures
for
cumulating
effects
from
substances
found
to
have
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity
on
EPA's
website
at
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
pesticides/
cumulative/.

Unless
otherwise
noted,
all
Agency
references
in
this
document
are
available
for
review
in
the
methyl
bromide
docket
(
EPA­
HQ­
OPP­
2005­
0123)
at
www.
Regulations.
gov.

II.
Chemical
Overview
A.
Chemical
Identity
Chemical
Structure:

Empirical
Formula:
CH3Br
Common
Name:
Methyl
bromide
CAS
Registry
Number:
74­
83­
9
OPP
Chemical
Code:
053201
11
Case
Number:
0335
Technical
or
Manufacturing­
Use
Registrants:
Albemarle
Corporation,
Ameribrom,
Inc.,
Great
Lakes
Chemical
Corporation
(
a
Chemtura
Company),
and
TriCal
Regulatory
History:
 
Introduced
as
pesticide
in
1932
 
First
registered
in
the
U.
S.
in
1961
 
Under
the
Clean
Air
Act
and
the
Montreal
Protocol
on
Substances
that
Deplete
the
Ozone
Layer,
as
of
January
1,
2005,
U.
S.
production
and
import
of
methyl
bromide
is
banned,
except
for
uses
that
qualify
for
(
1)
a
critical
use
exemption,
(
2)
a
quarantine
and
preshipment
exemption,
or
(
3)
an
emergency
exemption.

B.
Use
and
Usage
Profile
Pesticide
Type:
Methyl
bromide
is
a
broad­
spectrum
fumigant
chemical
that
can
be
used
as
an
acaricide,
antimicrobial,
fungicide,
herbicide,
insecticide,
nematicide,
and
vertebrate
control
agent.

Target
pests:
A
wide
range
of
pests
including
spiders,
mites,
fungi,
plants,
insects,
nematodes,
rodents,
and
snakes.

Use
patterns:
The
most
prevalent
use
pattern
is
as
a
soil
fumigant;
however,
it
is
also
used
as
a
structural
fumigant
and
for
post
harvest
treatment
of
commodities.

Formulations:
Pressurized
gas
(
PrG)
formulations
for
commodity
fumigation
are
marketed
under
the
trade
names
Meth­
O­
Gas
and
Metabrom.
All
methyl
bromide
products
are
classified
as
restricted
use
pesticides
(
RUP).
The
"
Restricted
Use"
classification
restricts
a
product,
or
its
uses,
to
use
by
certified
pesticide
applicators
or
those
working
under
the
direct
supervision
of
a
certified
applicator.

Methods
of
Application:
MeBr
gas
is
injected
into
an
enclosure,
chamber,
structure,
or
under
a
tarp
remotely
using
flexible
tubing
connected
to
PrG
tanks.

Application
Rates:
Application
rates
for
commodity
fumigations
can
range
from
1
to
20
lb
ai/
1000
ft3,
but
most
perishable
goods
with
established
food
tolerances
under
40
CFR
have
application
rates
in
the
range
of
1
to
4
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
(
e.
g.,
grapes).
Likewise,
structural
fumigation
application
rates
are
in
the
1
to
9
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
range.
12
Annual
Usage
in
the
U.
S.:
There
were
a
total
of
23
million
pounds
of
methyl
bromide
used
in
the
U.
S.
in
2004
with
3
million
pounds
used
on
commodities,
food
processing
facilities,
and
for
food
quarantine
uses,
and
20
million
pounds
used
on
all
other
sites.

There
are
currently
140
tolerances
related
to
registered
methyl
bromide
uses
in
40
CFR180.123,
180.199,
and
180.522.
Tolerances:

#
of
Tolerances
90
3
2
2
18
1
1
7
1
12
1
2
Citation
180.123(
a)(
1)
180.123(
a)(
2)(
i)(
A)
180.123(
a)(
2)(
i)(
B)
180.123(
a)(
2)(
i)(
C)
180.123(
a)(
2)(
i)(
D)
180.123(
a)(
2)(
ii)
180.123(
a)(
3)(
i)
180.123(
a)(
3)(
ii)
180.123(
c)
180.199
180.521
180.522
Methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses
encompass
a
wide
range
of
enclosure
types
(
tarps,
vacuum
chambers,
tractor
trailers,
sea
vans,
drop­
down
enclosures,
flour
mills,
etc.),
enclosure
volumes
(
less
than
1,000
ft3
to
more
than
1,000,000
ft3),
and
locations
(
urban,
rural,
and
industrial).
Most
flour
mills
and
other
food
processing
plants
are
fumigated
no
more
than
once
per
year,
while
other
facilities
perform
fumigations
with
methyl
bromide
on
a
daily
basis
(
e.
g.,
for
quarantine
uses).
Additional
summary
and
analysis
of
methyl
bromide's
use
and
usage
is
included
in
the
following
Agency's
memos
which
are
available
in
the
docket:

 
Qualitative
Assessment
of
the
Impact
of
Changes
in
the
Use
of
Methyl
Bromide
for
Quarantine
Purposes
in
Support
of
the
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
August
1,
2006)
 
Qualitative
Assessment
of
the
Impact
of
Changes
in
the
Use
of
Methyl
Bromide
on
Non­
Quarantine
Commodities
in
Support
of
the
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
August
1,
2006
 
Qualitative
Assessment
of
the
Impact
of
Changes
in
Use
of
Methyl
Bromide
on
Dry
Cured
Pork
Product
Facilities
in
Support
of
the
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
August
1,
2006
 
Qualitative
Assessment
of
the
Impact
of
Changes
in
the
Use
of
Methyl
Bromide
in
Structural
Food
Processing/
Storage
Facilities
in
Support
of
the
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
August
1,
2006)

III.
Methyl
Bromide
Risk
Assessments
13
For
details
on
the
human
health
risks
associated
with
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses,
please
refer
to
Appendices
J
and
K
for
the
following
documents:

 
Methyl
Bromide:
Phase
5
Health
Effects
Division
(
HED)
Human
Health
Risk
Assessment
for
Commodity
Uses.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304623
(
March
10,
2006)
 
Addendum
To
Phase
5
Health
Effects
Division
(
HED)
Human
Health
Risk
Assessment
For
Commodity
Uses.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304619
(
July
12,
2006)

The
Agency
does
not
conduct
ecological
risk
assessments
for
most
indoor
uses,
such
as
an
enclosed
container
or
perimeter
treated
with
MeBr.
EPA
has
assessed
risks
associated
with
the
outdoor
soil
uses
of
MeBr
which
are
expected
to
result
in
higher
environmental
exposures.
For
the
latest
ecological
risk
assessment
of
methyl
bromide's
pre­
plant
soil
fumigant
uses,
see
the
June
6,
2005,
document
"
Environmental
Fate
and
Ecological
Risk
Assessment
for
the
Reregistration
of
Methyl
Bromide."

For
details
on
the
Agency's
assessment
of
methyl
bromide's
impact
on
stratospheric
ozone
depletion,
as
well
as
the
health
effects
expressed
as
incremental
number
of
skin
cancer
mortality
and
incidence
for
U.
S.
residents
that
would
result
under
various
methyl
bromide
use
scenarios,
please
refer
to
the
March
17,
2006,
document
"
Methyl
Bromide:
Science
of
Ozone
Depletion
and
Health
Effects
Estimates."

IV.
Risk
Management,
Reregistration,
and
Tolerance
Reassessment
Decision
A.
Determination
of
Reregistration
Eligibility
Section
4(
g)(
2)(
A)
of
FIFRA
calls
for
the
Agency
to
determine,
after
submission
of
relevant
data
concerning
an
active
ingredient,
whether
or
not
products
containing
the
active
ingredient
are
eligible
for
reregistration.
The
Agency
has
previously
identified
and
required
the
submission
of
the
generic
(
i.
e.,
active
ingredient­
specific)
data
required
to
support
reregistration
of
products
for
commodity
fumigation
containing
methyl
bromide
as
an
active
ingredient.
The
Agency
has
completed
its
review
of
these
generic
data,
and
has
determined
that
the
data
are
sufficient
to
support
reregistration
of
products
containing
methyl
bromide
registered
for
commodity
uses
provided
the
label
changes
detailed
below
are
implemented.
Additional
data
are
required
to
confirm
this
determination.

The
Agency
has
completed
its
review
of
submitted
data
and
its
assessment
of
the
dietary,
residential,
and
occupational
risks
associated
with
the
commodity
uses
of
pesticide
products
containing
the
active
ingredient
methyl
bromide.
Based
on
these
data,
the
Agency
has
sufficient
information
on
the
human
health
and
ecological
effects
of
methyl
bromide
to
make
its
decision
as
part
of
the
reregistration
process
under
FIFRA,
as
amended
by
FQPA.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
products
containing
methyl
bromide
registered
for
commodity
fumigation
will
be
eligible
for
reregistration
provided
that
(
i)
required
product
specific
data
are
submitted,
(
ii)
the
14
risk
mitigation
measures
outlined
in
this
document
are
adopted,
and
(
iii)
label
amendments
are
made
to
reflect
these
measures.
Needed
label
changes
and
language
are
listed
in
Section
V.
Appendix
A
is
a
detailed
table
listing
all
methyl
bromide
uses
that
are
eligible
for
reregistration.
Appendix
B
identifies
generic
data
requirements
that
the
Agency
reviewed
as
part
of
its
determination
of
the
reregistration
eligibility
of
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses,
and
lists
the
submitted
studies
the
Agency
found
acceptable.
Data
gaps
are
identified
as
either
outstanding
generic
data
requirements
that
have
not
been
satisfied
with
acceptable
data
or
additional
data
necessary
to
confirm
the
decision
presented
here.

Based
on
its
evaluation
of
methyl
bromide,
the
Agency
has
determined
that
methyl
bromide
products
for
commodity
fumigation,
unless
labeled
and
used
as
specified
in
this
document,
would
present
risks
inconsistent
with
FIFRA
and
FFDCA.
Accordingly,
should
a
registrant
fail
to
implement
any
of
the
risk
mitigation
measures
identified
in
this
document,
the
Agency
may
take
regulatory
action
to
address
the
risk
concerns
from
the
use
of
methyl
bromide.
If
all
changes
outlined
in
this
document
are
incorporated
into
the
product
labels,
then
all
current
risks
for
commodity
uses
of
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
will
be
adequately
mitigated
for
the
purposes
of
this
determination
under
FIFRA.

B.
Public
Comments
and
Responses
Through
the
Agency's
use
of
a
6­
phase
public
participation
process,
EPA
worked
extensively
with
stakeholders
and
the
public
to
reach
the
regulatory
decisions
for
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses.
The
6­
phase
process
included
two
60­
day
comment
periods.

For
the
first
comment
period
(
Phase
3),
the
Agency
solicited
and
received
comments
on
the
Agency's
methyl
bromide
risk
assessments
and
supporting
documents.
The
Agency's
response
to
comments
received
during
this
period
was
included
in
the
Agency's
March
21,
2006
document,
"
Agency
Responses
to
Phase
3
Public
Comments
Related
to
Methyl
Bromide's
Uses
in
Enclosures,
Chambers,
and
Structural
Food
Processing/
Storage
Facilities."

For
the
second
comment
period
(
Phase
5),
the
Agency
solicited
and
received
comments
on
the
revised
methyl
bromide
risk
assessment
and
a
risk
mitigation
options
document.
During
the
second
public
comment
period,
the
Agency
received
comments
from
18
sources:
California
Department
of
Pesticide
Regulation;
Value
Recovery,
Inc;
Dow
AgroSciences,
LLC;
The
Royal
Group;
USA
Rice
Federation;
Western
Industries­
North,
Inc;
ASOEX;
Natural
Resources
Defense
Council;
Fumigation
Service
&
Supply,
Inc.;
Pet
Food
Institute;
North
American
Millers'
Association
(
NAMA);
Methyl
Bromide
Industry
Panel
(
MBIP);
National
Pest
Management
Association
(
NPMA);
Industrial
Fumigant
Company
(
IFC);
US
Department
of
Agriculture/
Animal
and
Plant
Health
Inspection
Service
(
USDA/
APHIS);
and
a
citizen.
Most
of
the
comments
received
were
related
to
feasibility,
cost,
and
impact
of
risk
mitigation
options
document.
15
The
comments
in
their
entirety
from
both
comment
periods
are
available
in
the
public
docket
(
EPA­
HQ­
OPP­
2005­
0123)
at
http://
www.
regulations.
gov.
Detailed
response
to
comments
documents
for
both
comment
periods
are
also
available
in
the
public
docket.

C.
Regulatory
Position
1.
Food
Quality
Protection
Act
Findings
a.
"
Risk
Cup"
Determination
As
part
of
the
FQPA
tolerance
reassessment
process,
EPA
assessed
the
risks
associated
with
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses.
EPA
has
determined
that
risk
from
dietary
(
food
+
drinking
water)
exposure
is
within
its
own
"
risk
cup."
EPA
considered
aggregate
risks
for
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses
for
exposures
through
dietary
and
residential
sources.
In
the
case
of
MeBr,
these
residential
exposures
are
to
any
person
who
lives
or
works
in
the
vicinity
of
a
fumigation
site.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
the
human
health
risks
from
these
combined
exposures
are
within
acceptable
levels
provided
the
mitigation
measures
outlined
in
this
document
are
adopted.
In
other
words,
EPA
has
concluded
that
the
tolerances
for
methyl
bromide
meet
FQPA
safety
standards
provided
the
mitigation
measures
outlined
in
this
document
are
adopted.
In
reaching
this
determination,
EPA
has
considered
the
available
information
on
the
special
sensitivity
of
infants
and
children,
as
well
as
aggregate
exposure
from
dietary
(
food
+
drinking
water)
and
residential
sources.

b.
Determination
of
Safety
to
U.
S.
Population
The
Agency
has
determined
that
the
140
established
tolerances
for
methyl
bromide,
with
amendments
and
changes
as
specified
in
this
document,
meet
the
safety
standards
under
the
FQPA
amendments
to
Section
408(
b)(
2)(
D)
of
the
FFDCA,
as
amended
by
FQPA,
and
that
there
is
a
reasonable
certainty
no
harm
will
result
to
the
general
population
or
any
subgroup
from
the
commodity
uses
of
methyl
bromide.
In
reaching
this
conclusion,
the
Agency
has
considered
all
available
information
on
the
toxicity,
use
practices,
and
the
environmental
behavior
of
methyl
bromide.
The
risks
from
food,
drinking
water,
and
residential
exposures
related
commodity
uses
do
not
exceed
the
Agency's
levels
of
concern,
with
the
risk
mitigation
specified
in
this
document.

2.
Endocrine
Disruptor
Effects
EPA
is
required
under
the
FFDCA,
as
amended
by
FQPA,
to
develop
a
screening
program
to
determine
whether
certain
substances
(
including
all
pesticide
active
and
other
ingredients)
"
may
have
an
effect
in
humans
that
is
similar
to
an
effect
produced
by
a
naturally
occurring
estrogen,
or
other
endocrine
effects
as
the
Administrator
may
designate."
Following
recommendations
of
its
Endocrine
Disruptor
Screening
and
Testing
Advisory
Committee
(
EDSTAC),
EPA
determined
that
there
was
a
scientific
basis
for
including,
as
part
of
the
program,
the
androgen
and
thyroid
hormone
systems,
in
addition
to
the
estrogen
hormone
16
system.
EPA
also
adopted
EDSTAC's
recommendation
that
EPA
include
evaluations
of
potential
effects
in
wildlife.
For
pesticides,
EPA
will
use
FIFRA
and,
to
the
extent
that
effects
in
wildlife
may
help
determine
whether
a
substance
may
have
an
effect
in
humans,
FFDCA
authority
to
require
the
wildlife
evaluations.
As
the
science
develops
and
resources
allow,
screening
for
additional
hormone
systems
may
be
added
to
the
Endocrine
Disruptor
Screening
Program
(
EDSP).

In
the
available
toxicity
studies
on
methyl
bromide,
there
was
no
evidence
of
endocrine
disruption
effects.
When
additional
appropriate
screening
and/
or
testing
protocols
being
considered
under
the
Agency's
EDSP
have
been
developed,
methyl
bromide
may
be
subjected
to
further
screening
and/
or
testing
to
better
characterize
effects
related
to
endocrine
disruption.

3.
Cumulative
Risks
Unlike
other
pesticides
for
which
EPA
has
followed
a
cumulative
risk
approach
based
on
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity,
EPA
has
not
made
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity
finding
as
to
methyl
bromide,
or
its
metabolites,
and
any
other
substances.
For
the
purposes
of
this
reregistration
decision,
therefore,
EPA
has
not
assumed
that
methyl
bromide
has
a
common
mechanism
of
toxicity
with
any
other
substances.

4.
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
a.
Commodity
Uses
Table
1
provides
a
summary
of
the
methyl
bromide
tolerance
reassessment
decision
for
128
tolerances
associated
with
commodity
uses.
The
other
12
tolerances
for
soil
uses
were
reassessed
and
are
discussed
below
in
section
b.
Further
explanation
of
the
tolerance
reassessment
decision
is
provided
in
Appendix
K.
There
are
no
established
or
proposed
Codex
maximum
residue
limits
for
methyl
bromide.

Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Tolerances
listed
under
40
CFR
§
180.123
(
a)(
1):

Alfalfa,
hay
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Revoke
The
MBIP
is
not
supporting
this
use.

Almonds
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Tree
Nuts
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Apples
(
POST­
H)
5.0
8.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Pome
Fruits
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
an
increased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.
17
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Apricots
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Stone
Fruits
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Artichokes,
Jerusalem
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Root
and
Tuber
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Asparagus
(
POST­
H)
100.0
0.05
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Avocados
(
POST­
H)
75.0
5.0
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting.
However,
APHIS
has
requested
to
retain
this
tolerance.

Barley
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Cereal
Grains
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Beans
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Beans,
green
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Beans,
lima
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Beans,
snap
(
POST­
H)
50.0
3.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Legume
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Beets,
garden,
roots
(
POST­
H)
30.0
Beets,
sugar,
roots
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Blueberries
(
POST­
H)
20.0
0.5
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
Berries
Crop
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level
for
methyl
bromide.

Brazil
nuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
Bush
nuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
Butternuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comment
under
almonds.

Cabbage
(
POST­
H)
50.0
1.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Brassica
Leafy
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Cantaloupes
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Cucurbit
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Carrots
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.
18
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Cashews
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comments
under
almonds.

Cherries
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
apricots.

Chestnuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comments
under
almonds.

Cippolini,
bulbs
(
POST­
H)
50.0
2.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Bulb
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Citrus
citron
(
POST­
H)
30.0
2.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
Citrus
Fruits
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Cocoa
beans
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Coffee
beans
(
POST­
H)
75.0
Revoke
The
MBIP
is
not
supporting
these
uses.

Copra
(
POST­
H)
100.0
8.0
The
MBIP
is
not
supporting
this
use.
However,
APHIS
has
requested
to
retain
this
tolerance.

Corn
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Corn,
pop
(
POST­
H)
240.0
Corn,
sweet
(
K+
CWHR)(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Cottonseed
(
POST­
H)
200.0
Revoke
The
MBIP
is
not
supporting
this
use.

Cucumbers
(
POST­
H)
30.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupe.

Cumin,
seed
(
POST­
H)
100.0
Revoke
Covered
by
tolerance
for
residues
in
herbs
and
spices.

Eggplant
(
POST­
H)
20.0
7.0
a
Reassign
to
crop
group
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Fruiting
Vegetables
Group.
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Filberts
(
Hazelnuts)
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comments
under
almonds.

Garlic
(
POST­
H)
50.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
Cippolini
bulbs.

Ginger,
roots
(
POST­
H)
100.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichoke,
Jerusalem.

Grapefruit
(
POST­
H)
30.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
citrus
citron.

Grape
(
POST­
H)
20.0
4.0
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Hickory
nuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comments
under
almond.

Honeydew
melons
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupe.

Horseradish
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Kumquats
(
POST­
H)
30.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
citrus
citron.
19
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Lemons
(
POST­
H)
30.0
Limes
(
POST­
H)
30.0
Mangoes
(
POST­
H)
20.0
Revoke
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting.

Muskmelons
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupe.

Nectarines
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
apricot.

Oats
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Okra
(
POST­
H)
30.0
7.0
The
MBIP
is
not
supporting
this
use.
However,
APHIS
has
requested
to
retain
this
tolerance.

Onions
(
POST­
H)
20.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
Cippolini
bulbs.

Oranges
(
POST­
H)
30.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
citrus
citron.

Papayas
(
POST­
H)
20.0
Revoke
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting.

Parsnips
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichoke,
Jerusalem.

Peaches
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
apricot.

Peanuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting.
However,
APHIS
has
requested
to
retain
this
tolerance.

Pears
(
POST­
H)
5.0
8.0
a
See
comment
under
apples.

Peas
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Peas,
black­
eyed
(
POST­
H)
50.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
beans.

Pecans
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comment
under
almonds.

Peppers
(
POST­
H)
30.0
Pimentos
(
POST­
H)
30.0
7.0
a
See
comment
under
eggplants.

Pineapples
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Pistachio
nuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comment
under
almonds.

Plums
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comment
under
apricots.

Pomegranates
100.0
Revoke
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting
Potatoes
(
POST­
H)
75.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Pumpkins
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupes.

Quinces
(
POST­
H)
5.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
apples.

Radishes
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Rice
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Rutabagas
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.
20
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Rye
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Salsify,
roots
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Sorghum,
grain
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Soybeans
(
POST­
H)
200.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
beans.

Squash,
summer
(
POST­
H)
20.0
Squash,
winter
(
POST­
H)
20.0
Squash,
zucchini
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupes.

Strawberries
(
PRE­
and
POST­
H)
60.0
0.05
Commodity
fumigation
trials
support
a
decreased
tolerance
level.

Sweet
potatoes
(
POST­
H)
75.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Tangerines
(
POST­
H)
30.0
2.0
a
See
comments
under
citrus
citron.

Timothy,
hay
(
POST­
H)
50.0
Revoke
No
registered
use
or
MBIP
is
not
supporting
Tomatoes
(
POST­
H)
20.0
7.0
a
See
comments
under
eggplants.

Turnips,
roots
(
POST­
H)
30.0
3.0
a
See
comments
under
artichokes,
Jerusalem.

Walnuts
(
POST­
H)
200.0
150.0
a
See
comments
under
almonds.

Watermelons
(
POST­
H)
20.0
5.0
a
See
comments
under
cantaloupes.

Wheat
(
POST­
H)
50.0
8.0
a
See
comments
under
barley.

Tolerances
listed
under
40
CFR
§
185.123
(
a)(
2):

Dried
eggs
400
Parmesan
cheese
325
Roquefort
cheese
325
Tomatoes,
concentrated
products
250
Figs,
dried
250
10.0
Reassign
to
"
processed
foods,
excluding
chocolate"
under
§
180.123
(
a)(
2).

b
Processed
foods,
excluding
chocolate,
other
than
those
listed
above
125
10.0
Processed
foods,
excluding
chocolate
Tolerance
level
can
be
lowered
to
cover
levels
of
methyl
bromide
detected
in
processed
food
fumigation
trials.

Herbs,
processed
400
35.0
Spices,
processed
400
35.0
This
tolerance
can
be
lowered
to
cover
levels
of
methyl
bromide
detected
in
processed
herb
and
spice
fumigation
trials.

Fermented
malt
beverages
25
Revoke
No
registered
use
Tolerances
listed
under
40
CFR
§
185.123
(
a)(
3):

Dog
food
400
Revoke
This
is
not
considered
a
human
food
use
and
therefore
the
tolerance
is
not
required.

Barley,
milled
fractions
125
Corn,
milled
fractions
125
10.0
Reassign
to
"
processed
feeds"
under
§
180.123
(
a)(
3).
21
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Sorghum
(
milo),
grain,
milled
fractions
125
Oats,
milled
fractions
125
Rice,
milled
fractions
125
Rye,
milled
fractions
125
Wheat,
milled
fractions
125
Tolerance
listed
under
40
CFR
§
180.123
(
c):

Ginger,
roots
(
PRE­
and
POST­
H)
100
Revoke
Use
will
be
covered
by
tolerance
for
residues
in/
on
the
Root
and
Tuber
Vegetables
Group.

Tolerance
listed
under
40
CFR
§
180.521(
a)(
3):

Cereal
grain,
milled
fraction
125
Revoke
Residues
for
the
milled
fractions
would
be
no
higher
than
that
of
the
raw
agricultural
commodity
and
are
therefore
this
tolerance
is
not
needed.
Tolerance
listed
under
40
CFR
§
180.522(
a):

Cereal
grains
125
Revoke
Fermented
malt
beverages
125
Revoke
There
are
no
registered
fumigation
uses
of
methyl
bromide
on
these
products.

Tolerances
needed
under
40
CFR
§
180.123
(
a)(
1):

Vegetable,
root
and
tuber,
group
1
None
3.0
Vegetable,
bulb,
group
3
None
2.0
Vegetable,
leafy,
group
4
None
0.5
Vegetable,
Brassica
leafy,
group
5
None
1.0
Vegetable,
legume,
group
6
None
3.0
Vegetable,
fruiting,
group
8
None
7.0
Vegetable,
cucurbit,
group
9
None
5.0
Fruit,
citrus,
group
10
None
2.0
Fruit,
pome,
group
11
None
8.0
Fruit,
stone,
group
12
None
5.0
Berry
group
13
None
0.5
Nut,
tree,
group
14
None
150.0
Grain,
cereal,
group
15
None
8.0
Crop
group
tolerance
recommendations
are
based
on
maximum
methyl
bromide
residues
in/
on
representative
commodities
of
each
group
in
commodity
fumigation
trials.

Kiwifruit
None
5.0
The
available
data
would
support
a
tolerance
of
5.0
ppm
if
a
registrant
intends
to
include
a
use
on
kiwifruit
on
MeBr
labels.

Tolerances
needed
under
40
CFR
§
180.123
(
a)(
2):
22
Table
1.
Revised
Tolerance
Reassessment
Summary
for
Methyl
bromide
Commodity
Current
Tolerance
(
ppm)
Tolerance
Reassessment
(
ppm)
Comment/
Correct
Commodity
Definition
Chocolate
products
None
55.0
The
available
residue
data
on
processed
foods
support
a
separate
tolerance
for
"
chocolate,
products"
at
55.0
ppm.

Processed
foods,
excluding
chocolate
None
10.0
The
available
residue
data
on
processed
foods
support
a
tolerance
for
"
processed
foods,
excluding
chocolate"
at
10.0
ppm.

Tolerances
needed
under
40
CFR
§
180.123
(
a)(
3):

Processed
feeds
None
10.0
The
available
residue
data
on
processed
foods
also
supports
at
10
ppm
tolerance
for
"
processed
feeds".

a
Reassessed
tolerance
for
the
associated
crop
group.
b
For
tolerance
reassessment
purposes,
this
one
term
accounts
for
18
reassessments
because
after
the
enactment
of
FQPA,
this
term
was
entered
as
18
separate
items
in
the
Tolerance
Index
System
(
TIS).
The
18
items
include
barley,
flour;
biscuit
mixes;
bread
mixes;
breading;
cake
mixes;
cookie
mixes;
flours,
cereal
and
related
products;
macaroni
products;
noodle
products;
oats,
flour;
pie
mixes;
processed
food;
rice,
cracked;
rice,
flours;
rye
flour;
sorghum,
milo,
flours;
soya,
flour;
vegetables,
dried.

b.
Pre­
Plant
Soil
Uses
There
are
12
tolerances
currently
established
for
residues
of
inorganic
bromide
resulting
from
methyl
bromide
soil
fumigation
(
40
CFR
180.199).
However,
EPA
has
classified
methyl
bromide
as
a
non­
food
use
pesticide
with
regard
to
its
soil
fumigant
uses
and
has
proposed
to
revoke
tolerances
for
soil
fumigation
related
inorganic
bromide.
The
Agency
stated
that
although
methyl
bromide
is
used
as
an
agricultural
pesticide,
it
is
considered
a
non­
food
use
chemical
for
soil
fumigation
uses
since
it
is
quickly
degraded
or
metabolized
in
the
soil,
and
subsequently
incorporated
into
natural
plant
constituents.
Methyl
bromide
is
also
emitted
to
the
atmosphere.
Residues
of
the
parent
compound
are
not
likely
to
be
found
in
foods
as
a
result
of
prior
treatment
of
fields.
While
residues
of
inorganic
bromide
may
be
present,
these
residues
are
indistinguishable
from
background
levels
of
inorganic
bromide
because
of
its
ubiquity
in
the
environment.
Therefore,
tolerances
are
not
required
for
soil
fumigant
uses
of
methyl
bromide,
and
tolerances
currently
established
for
residues
of
inorganic
bromide
resulting
from
methyl
bromide
soil
fumigation
have
been
proposed
for
revocation
by
the
Agency.
On
May
31,
2006,
EPA
issued
a
proposed
rule
to
revoke
the
twelve
tolerances
for
residues
of
inorganic
bromide
from
pre­
plant
soil
uses
(
71
FR
30845)
and
accepted
comments
for
60
days.
The
Agency
anticipates
issuing
a
final
rule
that
revokes
the
12
tolerances
in
August
2006,
after
the
Agency
has
completed
its
review
of
any
comments
received.

The
rationale
for
why
tolerances
are
not
needed
for
pre­
plant
soil
uses
is
provided
in
the
Agency's
February
8,
2006,
memo,
"
Methyl
Bromide:
Tolerance
Revocation
of
Inorganic
Bromides.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304618."
23
As
of
April
26,
2006,
the
Agency
considered
the
existing
12
tolerances
from
soil
fumigation
reassessed
(
see
April
26,
2006,
memo
"
Completion
of
Tolerance
Reassessment
For
Inorganic
Bromides
Resulting
from
Soil
Treatment"
from
D.
Edwards,
Special
Review
&
Reregistration
Division
Director
to
J.
Jones,
Office
of
Pesticides
Program
Director).

D.
Regulatory
Rationale
1.
Dietary
(
food
+
drinking
water)
Risk
The
Agency's
assessment
of
dietary
risk
from
food
plus
drinking
water
exposure
does
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern.
Based
on
conservative
estimates
of
exposure
through
food
and
drinking
water,
dietary
risks
are
below
EPA's
level
of
concern
for
the
general
population
and
all
population
sub­
groups.
The
following
sections
describe
the
details
of
the
Agency's
food
and
water
exposure
estimates.

a.
Food
For
all
included
commodities,
the
acute
and
chronic
risks
do
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern
for
the
general
U.
S.
population
and
all
population
subgroups.
The
acute
dietary
food
exposure
estimate
for
females
13­
49
years
old,
the
population
subgroup
with
the
highest
acute
risk,
is
at
2.4%
of
the
aPAD.
The
chronic
dietary
food
exposure
estimate
for
children
(
3
to
5
years
old),
the
most
highly
exposed
population
subgroup,
is
10%
of
the
cPAD.
The
acute
and
chronic
exposure
estimates
are
considered
to
be
very
conservative
since
it
was
assumed
that
100%
of
the
crops
were
treated
with
methyl
bromide.
This
is
likely
to
be
an
overestimate
of
the
percent
that
is
treated.
Therefore,
no
mitigation
is
necessary
to
address
the
risks
associated
with
food.

b.
Drinking
Water
The
Agency
typically
does
not
estimate
transport
of
pesticides
from
indoor
uses
such
as
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses
to
surface
or
ground
water.
However
estimated
drinking
water
concentrations
(
EDWCs)
for
methyl
bromide's
soil
uses
were
developed
for
surface
and
ground
water
and
were
determined
to
be
below
EPA's
level
of
concern.

For
pre­
plant
soil
uses,
Florida
strawberries
resulted
in
the
highest
modeled
surface
water
concentration
of
357
µ
g/
L
for
acute
exposure,
and
1.0
µ
g/
L
for
the
chronic
exposure.
The
surface
water
EDWCs
are
considered
conservative,
upper­
bound
estimates
of
potential
concentrations
of
methyl
bromide
in
drinking
water,
and
EPA
believes
actual
concentrations
are
likely
to
be
much
lower.
This
is
due
to
several
factors
which
including:

 
Methyl
bromide
is
a
highly
volatile
compound
and
rapid
volatilization
from
soil
and
surface
water
is
expected
to
significantly
reduce
the
potential
concentrations
of
methyl
bromide
in
drinking
water.
24
 
Modeled
EDWCs
represent
potential
methyl
bromide
concentrations
in
raw
(
i.
e.,
untreated)
drinking
water.
EPA
expects
additional
volatilization
and
degradation
to
occur
between
the
reservoir
and
the
point
of
consumption.
 
The
EDWCs
are
based
on
applications
to
the
most
sensitive
surface
water/
crop
scenario
(
Florida
strawberries)
at
the
maximum
application
rate.
Further,
the
assessment
assumes
that
87%
of
a
watershed
is
planted
in
strawberries,
and
all
strawberries
in
the
watershed
are
treated
with
methyl
bromide
at
the
same
time.
 
The
PRZM/
EXAMS
models
have
limited
capability
to
capture
the
effect
of
using
tarps
to
contain
methyl
bromide,
which
is
the
standard
application
method
for
strawberries
in
Florida.
 
The
EDWCs
are
1­
in­
10
year
maximum
concentrations.

Groundwater
concentrations
were
not
estimated
for
methyl
bromide
because
the
model
used
for
estimating
groundwater
concentration,
SCIGROW,
has
limited
capability
to
model
vapor
phase
transport
of
methyl
bromide
to
groundwater.
Therefore,
EPA
used
monitoring
data
to
estimate
potential
exposure
to
MeBr
in
ground
water.
Based
on
a
database
of
pesticides
in
groundwater,
two
wells
in
California
(
out
of
20,429
wells
monitored
in
Florida,
California,
and
Hawaii)
had
detections
of
methyl
bromide
at
levels
from
2.5
­
6.4
µ
g/
L.
Given
the
concentrations
detected,
that
two
of
the
three
states
monitored
account
for
the
vast
majority
of
MeBr
use
in
the
U.
S.,
and
the
number
high
of
samples
with
non­
detects,
the
Agency
has
concluded
that
the
potential
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
in
ground
water
is
negligible.

The
Agency
has
determined
that
the
drinking
water
risk
from
methyl
bromide
from
commodity
uses
is
much
lower
than
for
soil
uses
and
the
potential
for
MeBr
exposure
through
drinking
water
is
negligible
since
essentially
all
of
the
methyl
bromide
applied
during
commodity
fumigation
is
emitted
to
the
atmosphere
and
does
not
readily
transport
to
drinking
water
sources.
For
further
details
on
the
Agency's
drinking
water
exposure
analysis,
see
the
June
6,
2005,
document
"
Environmental
Fate
and
Ecological
Risk
Assessment
for
the
Reregistration
of
Methyl
Bromide."

2.
Residential
Risks
The
human
health
risk
assessment
indicates
that
acute
inhalation
exposures
to
methyl
bromide
concentrations
of
1
ppm
or
greater
for
an
8­
hour
time
weighted
average
(
TWA)
pose
risks
of
concern
for
residential
bystanders.
The
1
ppm
8­
hour
TWA
is
based
on
the
8­
hour
TWA
human
equivalent
concentration
(
HEC)
of
30
ppm
from
a
developmental
rabbit
inhalation
study
where
the
fetal
effects
are
presumed
to
occur
after
one
exposure
and
an
uncertainty
factor
(
UF)
of
30
with
a
3x
for
interspecies
extrapolation
and
10x
for
intraspecies
variation
(
i.
e.
30
ppm/
30
UF
=
1
ppm).
For
further
details
on
the
HEC
and
UF,
see
the
Agency's
March
10,
2006,
memo,
"
Methyl
Bromide:
Phase
5
Health
Effects
Division
(
HED)
Human
Health
Risk
Assessment
for
Commodity
Uses.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304623."
In
the
case
of
MeBr,
these
residential
bystander
exposures
are
to
any
person
who
lives
or
works
in
the
vicinity
of
a
fumigation
site.
The
mitigation
measures
described
below
are
expected
to
ensure
that
acute
exposures
do
not
exceed
this
level.
The
Agency
has
concluded
that
measures
to
ensure
that
25
acute
risks
are
below
EPA's
level
of
concern
will
also
mitigate
risks
for
other
exposure
durations
(
i.
e.
short­
term,
intermediate­
term,
and
chronic)
to
levels
below
EPA's
level
of
concern.
In
addition,
many
of
the
mitigation
measures
are
expected
to
indirectly
reduce
the
amount
of
methyl
bromide
used
or
emitted
into
the
atmosphere
and
therefore
will
reduce
the
potential
risks
associated
with
stratospheric
ozone
depletion
resulting
from
methyl
bromide
commodity
uses.

The
Agency
believes
that
a
comprehensive
approach
that
requires
mitigation
measures
such
as
fumigation
management
plans
(
FMPs),
buffer
zones,
air
monitoring,
posting
and
notification,
and
record
keeping,
will
ensure
that
acute
risks
from
inhalation
exposure
to
both
workers
involved
in
the
fumigation
process
and
bystanders
in
areas
around
enclosures
do
not
exceed
EPA's
level
of
concern.
California
established
permit
conditions
for
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigations
in
1994
that
included
the
use
of
buffer
zones
and
other
measures
that
are
similar
to
what
EPA
is
now
requiring.
A
recent
analysis
conducted
by
the
California
Department
of
Pesticide
Regulation
(
CDPR)
indicates
a
major
reduction
of
injury
and
illnesses
associated
with
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigations
since
permits
were
required.
CDPR
attributes
this
reduction
in
large
part
to
the
conditions
under
which
permits
are
granted.
Further
details
regarding
California's
permit
conditions
for
MeBr
commodity
fumigations
are
available
on
CDPR's
website
(
http://
www.
cdpr.
ca.
gov/
docs/
enfcmpli/
penfltrs/
penf2001/
2001048.
htm).

Quarantine
fumigations
supervised
by
USDA's
Animal
and
Plant
Health
Inspection
Service
(
APHIS)
account
for
a
large
percentage
of
the
total
commodity
fumigations
performed
in
the
US.
The
EPA
has
worked
closely
with
APHIS
in
the
development
of
the
Agency's
risk
assessment
and
mitigation
measures.
Many
of
the
fundamental
elements
(
e.
g.,
FMPs,
buffer
zones,
air
monitoring,
record
keeping,
etc.)
of
the
mitigation
measures
that
are
being
required
by
this
decision
document
for
commodity
fumigations
are
already
required
and
enforced
by
on­
site
APHIS
Plant
Protection
and
Quarantine
Officers
(
PPQOs).

The
mitigation
measures
detailed
below
will
require
the
applicator/
fumigator
to
develop
a
fumigation
management
plan
(
FMP),
or
ensure
one
exists
for
each
specific
site
that
will
be
fumigated
with
methyl
bromide.
Required
elements
of
the
FMP
are
listed
below
in
Section
E.
In
developing
this
plan,
the
fumigator
will
determine
the
distance,
called
a
buffer
zone,
which
will
protect
workers
and
bystanders
from
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
that
could
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern.
The
Agency
will
provide
guidance
in
the
form
of
buffer
zone
lookup
tables
to
enable
fumigators
to
protect
workers
and
bystanders.
These
tables
will
be
available
on
the
Agency
internet
website
along
with
an
Agency
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual.
If,
based
on
the
current
site
conditions
(
e.
g.,
local
exhaust
ventilation
systems,
enclosure/
chamber/
structure
retention
rates,
size
of
treatment
area,
etc.),
the
size
of
the
buffer
zone
listed
in
the
Agency's
look­
up­
tables
is
not
feasible
due
to
encroachment
of
occupied
areas/
structures,
the
fumigator
can
opt
to
modify
the
fumigation
parameters
or
alter
the
site
conditions
so
that
a
smaller
buffer
zone
can
be
used.
Examples
of
alternative
approaches
include
but
are
not
limited
to:

 
Reducing
application
rates
26
 
Extending
treatment
time
and
allowing
methyl
bromide
concentrations
to
slowly
decline
before
starting
active
aeration
(
e.
g.,
in
California,
large
mills
are
extending
treatment
time
from
24
to
48
hours
to
attain
smaller
buffer
zones)
 
Subdividing
treatment
areas
 
Installing
or
modifying
local
exhaust
ventilation
systems
(
e.
g.,
location/
height
of
exhaust
outlet)
 
Improving
the
tightness
or
retention
capacity
of
the
enclosure/
chamber/
structure
 
Empirically
deriving
retention
or
loss
rates
of
the
enclosure/
chamber/
structure
(
e.
g.,
CDPR
uses
a
one­
time
procedure
where
the
low
rate
of
1
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
rate
is
used
with
an
empty
chamber
to
determine
loss
rate)
 
Installing
capture
recovery
or
destructive
systems
(
e.
g.,
scrubbers)

If
these
options
do
not
result
in
feasible
buffer
zones
for
the
site,
there
are
additional
alternatives
detailed
below
that
will
give
fumigators
more
flexibility
but
still
ensure
that
methyl
bromide
levels
do
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern
(
e.
g.,
buffers
based
on
site­
specific
modeling
and
air
monitoring,
with
limited
exceptions
for
traffic
and
other
areas
provided
certain
conditions
are
met).
Although
the
Agency
believes
the
approach
outlined
here
offers
substantial
flexibility
for
site­
specific
solutions
that
are
protective
of
workers
and
bystanders,
it
also
recognizes
that
there
will
likely
be
some
commodity
fumigation
sites
where
MeBr
will
no
longer
be
practical
to
use.
The
mitigation
measures
that
the
Agency
is
requiring
to
protect
bystanders
are
described
further
in
Section
E
below.

3.
Aggregate
Risk
a.
Acute
For
methyl
bromide,
acute
dietary
risks
are
well
below
EPA's
level
of
concern
for
the
general
U.
S.
population
and
all
population
subgroups
based
on
conservative
data
and
assumptions
as
described
above
in
the
dietary
risk
section
of
this
document.

Because
the
acute
dietary
and
acute
inhalation
endpoints
for
methyl
bromide
are
based
on
a
common
effect,
it
would
be
appropriate
to
aggregate
dietary
exposures
(
using
average,
or
"
chronic",
dietary
exposure
values)
with
acute
inhalation
exposures.
However,
because
the
dietary
contribution
to
acute
aggregate
risk
is
negligible,
EPA
has
determined
that
the
mitigation
measures
EPA
is
requiring
to
protect
residential
bystanders
will
ensure
that
acute
aggregate
risks
do
not
exceed
EPA's
level
of
concern.
Therefore
no
additional
mitigation
is
necessary
to
address
acute
aggregate
risk.

b.
Short­,
Intermediate­
Term,
and
Chronic
Aggregate
Risk
EPA
did
not
aggregate
short­,
intermediate­
term,
or
chronic
dietary
and
inhalation
exposures
to
methyl
bromide
because
endpoints
for
dietary
and
inhalation
exposures
for
these
durations
are
not
based
on
common
toxicological
effects.
27
4.
Worker
Risks
The
human
health
risk
assessment
indicates
that
acute
inhalation
exposures
to
methyl
bromide
concentrations
of
1
ppm
or
greater
for
an
8­
hour
time
weighted
average
(
TWA)
pose
risks
of
concern
for
workers.
The
mitigation
measures
described
below
in
Section
E
are
designed
to
ensure
that
acute
exposures
for
workers
do
not
exceed
this
level.
These
measures
include
requiring
respiratory
protection
for
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
of
greater
than
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hr
TWA
and
establishing
procedures
for
determining
when
the
use
of
respiratory
protection
may
be
discontinued.
The
mitigation
measures
also
specify
air
monitoring
requirements
to
document
the
measurement
of
worker's
potential
methyl
bromide
inhalation
exposure
throughout
the
fumigation
process.
The
Agency
is
also
requiring
that
fumigators
ensure
that
site­
specific
management
plans
that
include
the
elements
described
in
detail
in
Section
E
below
are
in
place
before
initiating
fumigation.
EPA
has
determined
that
these
requirements
will
protect
fumigation
workers
as
well
as
other
onsite
workers
(
e.
g.,
forklift
operators
and
other
occupational
bystanders).

5.
Stratospheric
Ozone
Depletion
Risks
The
focus
of
the
Agency's
mitigation
measures
as
specified
in
section
E
below
is
to
ensure
protection
from
direct
acute
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
from
commodity
uses.
The
Agency
concludes
that
many
of
these
measures
(
e.
g.,
those
that
reduce
the
total
amount
used
or
use
MeBr
capture/
destruction
systems)
combined
with
the
methyl
bromide
phase­
out
under
the
Montreal
Protocol
(
i.
e.
all
commodity
uses
except
for
pre­
shipment
and
quarantine
uses
which
are
exempt)
will
further
reduce
the
potential
health
effects
from
ozone
depletion,
such
as
skin
cancer,
which
may
result
from
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses.

6.
Ecological
Risk
The
Agency
does
not
perform
ecological
risk
assessments
for
most
indoor
uses,
such
as
an
enclosed
container
or
perimeter
treated
with
MeBr.
Ecological
risks
from
outdoor
soil
fumigation
uses
of
MeBr
will
be
addressed
in
the
reregistration
decisions
for
those
uses
in
2007.

E.
Residential
Bystander
and
Occupational
Risk
Mitigation
The
following
describes
the
rationale
for
the
risk
management
decisions
for
bystander
and
worker
risks
associated
with
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses.
Public
comments
and
input
from
key
stakeholders
were
considered
in
making
these
decisions.
Where
labeling
revisions
are
warranted,
specific
language
is
set
forth
in
summary
tables
of
Section
V
of
this
document.
It
is
the
Agency's
goal
to
ensure
exposures
are
below
the
Agency's
level
of
concern
but
allow
flexibility
for
local,
site­
specific
approaches,
where
feasible.

1.
Site­
Specific
Fumigation
Management
Plan
(
FMP)
28
Prior
to
fumigating
commodities,
a
site­
specific
FMP
must
be
developed
and
followed.
The
purpose
of
the
FMP
is
to
ensure
the
safety
of
the
fumigators,
other
on­
site
employees,
the
surrounding
community,
and
the
environment.
It
is
also
designed
to
ensure
an
effective
fumigation
that
complies
with
label
requirements.
The
responsible
party
(
i.
e.,
the
person
supervising
the
fumigation)
is
responsible
for
ensuring
FMPs
are
up­
to­
date
and
accurately
reflect
the
site
and
current
circumstances
for
fumigation
before
it
takes
place,
and
that
the
FMPs
are
followed.
The
Agency
will
provide
detailed
guidance
for
FMPs
including
a
list
of
minimum
elements
that
site­
specific
plans
must
address.
This
guidance
will
be
incorporated
in
a
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual
that
will
be
available
on
the
Agency's
internet
website.
Product
labels
will
require
FMPs
be
developed
based
on
the
Agency
manual.
Elements
that
are
not
applicable
to
a
given
site
may
be
so
noted
in
the
site­
specific
plans.
The
following
are
elements
that
must
be
included
in
all
FMPs
unless
not
relevant
to
a
specific
site:


General
site
information
(
site
address,
site
operator/
owner,
phone
number)


Type
of
fumigation
(
e.
g.,
quarantine,
structural,
mill,
ship)


Description
of
enclosure/
chamber/
structure
(
map
or
sketch
of
the
facility,
volume
of
treatment
area,
enclosure
materials,
commodities
fumigated,
maximum
rates
and
dosage
times,
local
exhaust
ventilation
systems,
MeBr
destruction/
capture
systems,
proximity
to
other
structures
and
common
walls)


Estimate
of
loss/
retention
rate
(
methods
for
evaluating
and
documenting)


Descriptions
and
locations
of
control
rooms,
storage
areas,
restricted
areas,
other
work
areas,
and
sensitive
surrounding
sites
(
such
as
homes,
schools,
hospitals,
employee
housing
centers)


Fumigator/
applicator
information
(
license
#,
address,
phone,
contact
information
for
person
supervising
the
fumigation,
i.
e.,
the
responsible
party)


Treatment
and
aeration
procedures

Maximum
rates
and
dosage
for
each
commodity

Location
of
gas
introduction
site
(
including
map
and
description)


Leak
testing
procedures

Interior
and
perimeter
air
monitoring
of
treated
areas
(
methods,
procedures,
and
equipment)


Buffer
zones
(
see
below
for
method
to
calculate
treatment
and
aeration
buffer
zones
based
on
Agency
look­
up
tables
or
alternate
methods)


Authorized
on­
site
personnel

Fumigators
(
fumigation
workers
must
be
certified
applicators,
or
be
working
under
the
direct
supervision
of
a
certified
applicator)


Other
on­
site
workers

Personal
protective
equipment
(
selection,
fit­
testing,
maintenance,
storage
procedures)


Posting
and
notification
(
plans,
procedures,
record
of
notifications)


Record
keeping

Emergency
procedures
(
evacuation
routes,
emergency
utility
shut­
offs,
locations
of
telephones,
emergency
company,
local/
state/
federal
contacts,
key
personnel
and
emergency
responsibilities
in
case
of
an
incident,
equipment
failure,
or
other
emergency).


Site
security
29

Hazard
communication
(
product
labels,
material
safety
data
sheets,
etc.)


Name,
address,
contact
information,
credentials,
and
signature
of
certifying
party
The
use
of
a
comprehensive
FMP
will
result
in
careful
planning
of
all
aspects
of
the
fumigation
process.
While
FMPs
alone
will
not
eliminate
risk,
they
constitute
a
written
record
that
provides
specific
logistical,
performance,
and
contact
information
to
help
characterize
the
site
and
the
fumigation
process.

The
responsible
party
(
i.
e.
the
person
supervising
the
fumigation)
must
certify
in
writing
that
he/
she
has
reviewed
the
FMP
and
that
it
addresses
all
elements
required
by
product
labels
and
the
Agency
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual,
and
that
all
decisions
on
the
treatment/
aeration
processes,
buffer
zones,
and
PPE
are
appropriate
and
protective.
States
or
local
governments
may
opt
to
require
third­
party
certification
(
e.
g.,
county
agricultural
commissioners,
state
pesticide
enforcement
officials,
certified
industrial
hygienists,
or
certified
safety
professionals).
In
that
case,
where
fumigations
are
supervised
by
a
federal
authority
such
as
APHIS,
the
federal
agency
may
certify
the
FMP.
The
responsible
party
must
contact
the
applicable
State
lead
agency
to
determine
the
certification
requirements
for
that
state.

For
emergency
fumigations
that
must
be
performed
with
limited
advance
notice,
(
e.
g.,
quarantine
fumigation
of
a
ship
or
other
container)
generic
plans
that
are
not­
site
specific
may
be
developed,
completed,
and
certified
as
needed.

a.
Buffer
Zones
This
decision
requires
that
fumigators
establish
a
buffer
zone
during
the
treatment
and
aeration
periods
which
the
responsible
party
has
determined
will
protect
bystanders
and
workers
from
risks
posed
by
MeBr.
EPA
is
preparing
guidance
to
assist
fumigators
in
making
these
decisions.
Only
persons
supervising
or
performing
fumigation
activities
are
permitted
within
the
buffer
zones.
All
other
people
including
workers,
nearby
residents,
and
other
bystanders
must
be
excluded
from
this
zone
except
for
as
provided
below.
The
buffer
zone
established
for
the
treatment
period
must
be
maintained
from
the
time
MeBr
is
introduced
until
the
aeration
period
begins.
An
aeration
buffer
zone
must
then
be
established
and
maintained
until
the
methyl
bromide
concentration
being
exhausted
from
the
enclosure
is
less
than
5
ppm
(
see
below
for
minimum
aeration
times).
This
5
ppm
level
for
aeration
is
currently
required
by
the
product
label.
It
should
be
noted
that
the
buffer
zone
during
the
aeration
period
in
most
fumigations
will
last
only
a
portion
of
the
aeration
period
(
e.
g.,
the
air
being
exhausted
from
the
treated
area
is
less
than
5
ppm
but
aeration
is
still
being
done
until
air
concentration
within
commodity
reaches
5
ppm
or
less).

The
Agency's
risk
assessment
provides
modeled
distances
for
treatment
and
aeration
periods
for
a
wide
range
of
sites
at
which
acute
exposures
have
the
potential
to
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern
of
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA
if
bystanders
are
present.
The
Agency
modeled
potential
acute
bystander
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
with
a
distributional
approach
using
PERFUM.
The
PERFUM
model
(
V2.1.2)
is
available
at
30
http://
www.
sciences.
com/
perfum/
index.
html
and
will
eventually
be
placed
on
the
Agency's
website
at
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
opphed01/
models/
fumigant/.
The
PERFUM
modeling
framework
was
subjected
to
a
Scientific
Advisory
Panel
(
SAP)
review
in
2004.
Please
refer
to
the
SAP
background
documents
and
the
SAP
report
(
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
scipoly/
sap/
2004/
index.
htm).
Additional
characterization
of
the
Agency's
use
of
PERFUM
in
estimating
acute
bystander
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
is
also
included
in
section
6.2
of
the
Agency
risk
assessment
document.

The
PERFUM
model
provides
two
types
of
results
that
include
the
maximum
buffer
distance
and
the
whole
field
buffer
distance.
Each
is
reported
as
a
distribution
of
distances.
The
whole
field
distance
outputs
represent
the
entire
range
of
potential
exposures,
whereas
maximum
buffer
distance
outputs
represent
a
subset
of
the
highest
daily
exposure
levels
that
were
calculated.
This
approach
provides
more
resolution
at
the
highest
levels
of
exposures.
In
other
words,
a
given
percentile
of
the
whole
field
distance
results
is
essentially
equivalent
to
a
corresponding
percentile
of
maximum
buffer
distance
results
(
i.
e.,
`
x'
percentile
whole
field
distance
results
=
`
y'
percentile
maximum
buffer
distance
results).
The
Agency
considered
which
PERFUM
output
results
would
adequately
ensure
bystander's
acute
exposures
do
not
exceed
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA.

The
Agency
is
basing
its
buffer
zone
distances
for
MeBr's
commodity
uses
on
99th
percentile
whole
field
distance
outputs
from
PERFUM
model
results.
These
results
represent
the
distances
within
which
all
bystanders
must
be
excluded
to
ensure
that
their
acute
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
does
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern.
EPA
believes
that
requiring
buffers
at
these
distances
combined
with
other
mitigation
measures
described
in
this
document
will
ensure
that
exposures
will
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern.
Furthermore,
an
analysis
by
the
Agency
has
determined
that
the
distances
for
scenarios
modeled
using
the
99th
percentile
whole
field
distance
outputs
are
in
many
cases
is
similar
to
the
distances
currently
required
by
California's
permit
conditions
for
MeBr
commodity
fumigations.
As
previously
noted
above,
the
EPA
believes
that
establishing
buffers
zones
along
with
other
elements
of
California's
permitting
system
have
been
very
effective
in
reducing
methyl
bromide
exposures.

It
should
be
noted
that
the
Agency
has
modeled
ground
level
local
exhaust
ventilation
(
i.
e.,
the
PPQ
method),
while
CDPR
prohibits
this
practice.
The
Agency
will
allow
the
use
of
this
method
in
states
that
do
not
prohibit
it
provided
all
mitigation
measures
described
in
this
document
and
on
product
labels
are
followed.
The
discharge
location
of
the
ground
level
exhaust
ventilation
must
be
at
least
25
feet
from
the
enclosure
(
and
any
building
that
houses
the
enclosure).

1)
Buffer
Zones
Based
on
Agency
Look­
Up­
Tables
The
Agency
will
provide
information
in
the
form
of
look­
up
tables
for
commodity
fumigators
to
follow
to
ensure
that
workers
and
bystanders
are
protected.
These
tables
will
be
available
on
the
Agency's
internet
website
along
with
a
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual
for
a
full
range
of
application
rates,
loss
rates,
local
ventilation
systems,
and
31
enclosure/
chamber/
structure
volumes
which
can
be
determined
and
which
must
be
established
for
each
site.
Distinct
buffer
zones
will
be
required
during
the
treatment
and
aeration
periods
and
once
the
aeration
period
is
completed
the
buffer
zones
may
be
discontinued.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
establishment
of
these
buffers
will
ensure
that
bystander
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
will
not
exceed
the
Agency's
level
of
concern.
Only
authorized
persons
with
respiratory
protection
(
as
specified
in
respiratory
protection
section
below)
may
be
permitted
within
the
buffer
zones.

2)
Buffer
Zones
Based
on
Alternate
Methods
Buffer
zones
that
are
more
or
less
than
those
listed
in
the
Agency's
look­
up
tables
may
be
established
based
on
site­
specific
modeling
(
using
site­
specific
data
such
as
weather,
flux
rates,
empirically
derived
or
measured
retention
rates,
etc.).
The
Agency
recognizes
that
it
is
not
practical
or
feasible
to
capture
every
possible
site
scenario
in
look­
up
tables.
Therefore
buffer
zones
based
on
site­
specific
enclosure/
chamber/
structural
volumes
or
local
exhaust
ventilation
(
LEV)
system
parameters
may
also
be
modeled
for
individual
sites.
Only
models
specified
in
the
Agency's
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual
may
be
used
to
determine
buffer
zones.

Since
the
number
of
samples
needed
to
adequately
measure
maximum
downwind
concentration
is
possible
but
impractical,
air­
monitoring
data
alone
will
likely
not
be
sufficient
to
reduce
required
buffer
zones.
However,
the
Agency
will
allow
buffer
zone
distances
to
be
determined
based
on
site­
specific
air
monitoring
that
is
done
in
accordance
with
criteria
that
will
be
specified
in
the
Agency
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
manual.

Air
monitoring
and
modeling
for
methyl
bromide
destruction
or
capturing
devices
such
as
scrubbers
may
also
be
used
to
determine
the
use
of
smaller
buffer
zones
than
those
listed
in
the
Agency's
look­
up
tables.
While
this
mitigation
method
may
not
yet
be
currently
economically
feasible
for
larger
sites,
it
is
one
of
the
few
options
that
directly
reduce
the
total
methyl
bromide
released
and
potential
ozone
depletion.

3)
Minimum
Buffer
Zones
While
modeling
results
predict
no
risk
concern
for
locations
immediately
adjacent
to
the
discharge
location
for
some
scenarios,
the
Agency
believes
that
best
management
practices
warrant
a
minimum
buffer
for
all
sites.
Therefore,
the
responsible
party
must
determine
an
appropriate
minimum
buffer
zone
based
on
site­
specific
conditions.
For
example,
APHIS
may
decide
to
maintain
their
currently
required
buffers
of
30
ft
and
200
ft
buffers
for
treatment
and
aeration
periods,
respectively,
as
a
minimum
buffer
zone.
However,
EPA
believes
the
minimum
buffers
during
treatment
and
aeration
periods
should
never
be
less
than
10
feet
during
treatment
and
aeration
periods.
These
minimum
distances
are
based
on
the
current
requirements
used
by
California
for
commodity
fumigation.

4)
Exceptions
32
Occupied
Structures
Exceptions
from
buffer
zones
for
occupied
structures
that
are
within
the
buffer
zones
may
be
made
in
a
FMP
if
air
monitoring
of
methyl
bromide
concentrations
within
the
occupied
structure
and
around
the
perimeter
of
the
fumigated
enclosure
during
treatment
and
aeration
periods
are
less
than
a
ceiling
limit
of
5
ppm
or
an
8­
hour
TWA
of
1
ppm.
The
Agency's
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual
will
provide
guidance
regarding
air
monitoring
methods
for
these
exceptions.
Exemptions
may
not
be
used
for
sensitive
sites
(
such
as
homes,
schools,
hospitals,
employee
housing
centers)
or
buildings
that
share
a
wall
with
an
enclosure
being
fumigated.
FMPs
must
establish
emergency
procedures
to
be
followed
in
the
event
air
concentrations
exceed
a
ceiling
limit
of
5
ppm
or
an
8­
hour
TWA
of
1
ppm
at
these
locations
(
e.
g.,
immediate
evacuation
or
use
of
respirators
for
workers).
The
specified
buffer
zone
will
be
required
for
all
other
areas.
Prior
to
conducting
fumigations,
the
responsible
party
must
obtain
written
acknowledgement
from
occupants
of
any
structures
that
are
exempted
from
buffer
zones
that
the
occupants
have
received
information
on
the
hazards
of
methyl
bromide
and
understand
the
emergency
procedures
specified
in
the
FMP.

Non­
Occupied
Structures
Exceptions
from
buffer
zones
for
structures
that
have
been
evacuated
that
are
within
the
buffer
zone
may
be
made
in
the
FMP.
Steps
must
be
specified
that
will
ensure
that
occupants
do
not
reenter
the
structure
until
treatment
and
aeration
periods
are
completed
and
that
air
concentrations
within
the
structure
do
not
exceed
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA
when
occupants
reenter
the
structure.

Transit
Limited
transit
(
e.
g.,
use
of
roads)
for
brief
durations
within
the
buffer
zone
may
occur
be
if
unavoidable.

b.
Posting
and
Notification
Workers
who
handle
treated
commodities
after
they
are
transported
from
fumigation
sites
have
a
right­
to­
know
the
potential
risks
related
to
the
handling
of
the
treated
commodities.
This
is
especially
a
concern
for
workers
who
handle
treated
commodities
from
which
the
methyl
bromide
desorption
rate
is
slow
(
e.
g.,
walnuts
and
timber).
The
fumigator
must
provide
these
workers
access
to
the
material
safety
data
sheet
(
MSDS)
for
the
methyl
bromide
end­
use
product
before
workers
come
in
contact
with
the
treated
commodities.
In
addition,
the
exterior
of
containers/
packaging
of
all
treated
commodities
must
be
clearly
identified
as
having
been
fumigated
with
methyl
bromide
and
aerated
in
accordance
with
EPA
labels
before
leaving
fumigation
facilities.
Fumigators
must
also
comply
with
applicable
Department
of
Transportation
and
any
other
federal,
state,
and
local
requirements
for
placarding
vehicles
leaving
fumigation
sites.
33
The
community
living
or
working
in
close
proximity
to
commodity
fumigation
sites
must
have
accesses
to
information
on
the
nature
of
applications
taking
place
and
potential
hazrads
that
nearby
fumigations
may
pose.
Specifically,
fumigators
must
ensure
that
all
residents
and
businesses
that
own
or
occupy
properties
adjacent
to
sites
where
commodity
fumigations
with
MeBr
are
taking
place
(
and
those
located
adjacent
to
buffer
zones
specified
in
the
FMP)
have
been
notified
and
provided
with
information
on
how
the
community
can
access
FMPs
for
that
site.
Once
an
initial
notification
is
completed,
notification
must
occur
annually,
or
within
30
days
after
a
change
in
the
FMP.
Notification
may
done
via
mail,
newspaper,
radio,
television,
posting
at
public
sites
(
e.
g.,
library,
court
house,
post
office)
or
other
methods
which
the
responsible
party
has
determined
is
likely
to
ensure
adjacent
residents
and
businesses
have
access
to
the
required
information.

The
posting
and
notification
requirements
for
the
community
and
workers
will
help
ensure
compliance
with
mitigation
measures
required
by
this
decision
and
the
product
label.
Furthermore,
EPA
believes
that
when
workers
and
members
of
the
community
are
well
informed,
compliance
with
mitigation
measures
is
more
likely
to
be
successful
and
protective.

c.
Record
Keeping
1)
Fumigation
Sites
All
monitoring
results,
application
dates,
and
current
FMPs
must
be
kept
on­
site
and
be
made
readily
available
to
local/
state/
federal
enforcement
personnel
and
all
workers,
and
be
provided
upon
request
to
any
interested
party
in
the
community.
FMPs
must
be
kept
and
be
available
for
at
least
2
years
from
the
date
of
fumigations.
Mobile
or
non­
fixed
sites
(
e.
g.,
ship
holds
or
sites
with
no
fixed
buildings
or
structures
after
fumigation
is
completed)
are
required
to
keep
records
on­
site
only
during
the
entire
fumigation
process
(
i.
e.,
pre­
treatment,
treatment,
and
aeration
periods).
Site
records
may
be
maintained
and
made
available
to
the
public
using
the
Internet
or
other
methods.
On­
sites
records
will
be
used
by
local,
state,
and
federal
enforcement
staff
to
verify
compliance
with
EPA
labels.

2)
Fumigators
Responsible
parties
supervising
fumigations
must
also
maintain
records
of
monitoring
results
and
application
dates
for
all
sites
where
they
have
conducted
fumigations
for
at
least
two
years
from
the
date
of
fumigations.
In
addition,
they
must
also
maintain
FMPs
for
each
site
fumigated
for
at
least
two
years
from
the
date
of
fumigations.
Fumigators
must
also
comply
with
any
local
or
State
record
keeping
requirements.

2.
Respiratory
Protection
for
Fumigation
Workers
and
Other
On­
site
Workers
Respiratory
protection
will
be
required
for
anyone
entering
any
area
where
methyl
bromide
concentrations
are
greater
than
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA.
The
Mine
Safety
and
Health
34
Administration­
National
Institute
for
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
(
MSHA­
NIOSH)
certification
for
cartridges
used
with
air
purifying
respirators
has
not
been
given
for
any
cartridges
currently
on
the
market
that
are
specifically
designed
for
protection
against
methyl
bromide.
The
3M
60928
is
a
NIOSH­
approved
combination
organic
vapor/
acid
gas
chemical
cartridge/
P100
particulate
filter.
While
NIOSH
does
not
have
a
test
procedure
to
certify
air
purifying
filters
for
protection
against
methyl
bromide,
this
combination
cartridge
is
recommended
by
3M
for
use
against
radioiodine
or
methyl
bromide
at
ambient
concentrations
up
to
5
ppm
and
for
not
more
than
one
shift.
For
further
details
on
the
3M's
recommendations,
see
February
2001
"
3M
Technical
Data
Bulletin
#
146
Use
Recommendations
for
3M
60928
Cartridge/
Filter"
(
link
to
3M
website:
http://
multimedia.
mmm.
com/
mws/
mediawebserver.
dyn?
6666660Zjcf6lVs6EVs666BraCOrrrrQ­
).
The
EPA
has
decided
that
the
use
of
3M
air
purifying
respirators
(
APRs)
equipped
with
3M
Model
60928
Organic
Vapor/
Acid
Gas/
P100
cartridges
may
be
used
for
concentrations
up
to
5
ppm,
and
not
for
more
than
one
work
shift
per
day
(
and
any
MSHA­
NIOSH
certified
cartridge
for
MeBr
that
becomes
available).
Respirator
APR­
cartridge
combinations
for
other
manufacturers
will
also
be
considered
by
the
Agency
provided
written
certification
of
their
efficiency
against
methyl
bromide
is
provided.
CDPR
currently
allows
the
use
of
the
3M
60928
Cartridge/
Filter
for
methyl
bromide
concentrations
up
to
5
ppm
for
commodity
fumigations.
The
current
requirement
that
aeration
of
all
treated
commodities
continue
until
methyl
bromide
concentrations
(
within
the
treated
commodity)
are
5
ppm
or
less
will
not
be
changed.
For
methyl
bromide
air
concentrations
greater
than
5
ppm,
supplied
air
(
SA)
respirators
or
self
contained
breathing
apparatus
(
SCBA)
must
be
worn
by
all
fumigation
workers
and
other
on­
site
personnel.

Manufacturers
of
direct­
read
instruments
commonly
used
during
fumigations
specify
a
limit
of
detection
as
low
as
0.2
ppm
(
e.
g.,
Drager
Methyl
Bromide
Tube,
Model
#
0.2/
a
8103391).
However,
fumigators
and
other
industry
stakeholders
report
that
direct­
read
instruments
allow
reliable
measurement
only
as
low
as
2
ppm.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
the
use
of
respiratory
protection
can
be
discontinued
within
buffer
zones
specified
above
based
on
either
of
the
following
two
procedures:

 
Procedure
1:
Daily
exposure
to
MeBr
without
a
respirator
is
less
than
240
minutes.
If
four
consecutive
air
samples
are
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
within
the
treated
area
using
direct
read
devices
show
that
air
concentrations
of
2
ppm
or
less,
then
use
of
respiratory
protection
may
be
discontinued.
At
least
two
additional
samples
must
then
be
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart.
If
either
of
these
samples
is
greater
than
2
ppm,
the
use
of
respiratory
protection
must
be
resumed,
and
can
only
be
discontinued
again
if
two
sample
readings
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
are
less
than
2
ppm.

 
Procedure
2:
Daily
exposure
to
MeBr
without
a
respirator
is
less
than
160
minutes.
If
four
consecutive
air
samples
are
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
within
the
treated
area
using
direct
read
devices
show
air
concentrations
of
3
ppm
or
less,
then
use
of
respiratory
protection
may
be
discontinued.
At
least
two
additional
35
samples
must
then
be
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart.
If
either
of
these
samples
is
greater
than
3
ppm,
the
use
of
respiratory
protection
must
be
resumed,
and
can
only
be
discontinued
again
if
two
sample
readings
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
are
less
than
3
ppm.

Under
both
procedures,
air
samples
must
be
collected
at
least
hourly
throughout
the
workday
(
if
workers
are
present)
after
respiratory
protection
is
discontinued
to
ensure
concentrations
do
not
exceed
1
ppm
for
an
8
hour
TWA.
Records
of
sampling
must
be
kept
(
see
record
keeping
requirements
above).
The
Agency
has
determined
that
these
measures
will
ensure
that
worker
exposures
will
not
exceed
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA.

3.
Storage
Areas
The
Agency
has
concerns
for
when
commodities
are
treated,
aerated
to
5
ppm
and
then
moved
to
storage
areas
where
air
exchange
rates
may
not
be
sufficient
to
allow
for
adequate
dissipation
of
methyl
bromide.
This
is
especially
a
concern
for
commodities
for
which
the
desorption
rate
of
methyl
bromide
is
slow
(
e.
g.,
walnuts,
timber,
etc.).
Air
monitoring
of
all
storage
areas
where
fumigated
commodities
are
located
must
be
conducted
before
workers
without
respiratory
protection
are
allowed
to
enter.
The
procedures
described
in
the
previous
section
must
be
followed
to
determine
when
worker
respiratory
protection
use
is
required
and
when
its
use
may
be
discontinued.

4.
Minimum
Aeration
Times
a.
Mechanical
and
Passive
Aeration
Enclosures
(
i.
e.,
areas
fumigated)
must
be
aerated
for
a
minimum
of
4
hours
if
mechanically
ventilated
using
fans,
or
12
hours
if
passively
ventilated.
At
the
end
of
the
aeration
process,
the
concentration
within
the
treated
commodity
(
or
space
for
structural
fumigations)
must
be
no
greater
than
5
ppm.
The
commodity
may
not
be
moved
from
the
enclosure
during
the
aeration
period,
except
where
noted
below.
For
some
commodities
and
enclosure
types,
aeration
times
of
longer
than
12
hours
may
be
needed
to
achieve
concentrations
of
5
ppm
or
less.

b.
Exceptions
Exceptions
for
these
minimum
aeration
times
are
allowed
under
the
following
conditions:

 
Vacuum
Chambers
­
Vacuum
chambers
that
provide
at
least
4
air
changes
per
hour.

 
Aeration
Outside
of
Fumigation
Enclosure
­
Fumigated
commodity
may
be
removed
from
the
fumigation
enclosure
as
soon
as
the
concentration
of
methyl
bromide
in
the
air
spaces
between
the
stacked
commodities
is
less
than
5
ppm
and
at
least
ten
air
changes
have
been
completed.
However,
the
minimum
aeration
36
time
(
4
or
12
hours)
must
be
provided
before
anyone
is
permitted
to
handle
(
process,
package)
the
treated
commodity.
In
other
words,
the
minimum
aeration
time
must
be
provided
before
people
can
handle
the
treated
commodity.
The
aeration
can
occur
within
the
enclosure,
a
storage
area,
or
some
other
holding
area.
The
length
of
time
for
which
aeration
is
required
can
be
prorated
between
the
time
inside
the
enclosure
and
outside
the
enclosure
if
the
method
of
aeration
is
changed.
For
example,
if
two
hours
of
mechanical
aeration
are
completed
before
the
commodity
is
removed
from
the
enclosure,
one­
half
of
the
required
aeration
has
been
achieved.
Therefore,
six
hours
of
passive
aeration
outside
of
the
enclosure
is
still
required
(
the
second
half
of
the
required
aeration).

 
Air
Monitoring
­
Various
types
of
monitoring
may
indicate
that
the
minimum
aeration
times
can
be
reduced.
This
may
involve
testing
the
rate
of
desorption
for
a
specific
commodity
or
monitoring
workers
with
charcoal
tubes,
Summa
canisters,
long­
path
infrared
spectrometer,
or
some
other
sensitive
method.
This
type
of
monitoring
cannot
be
done
with
colorimetric
detector
tubes.
Air
monitoring
must
be
done
with
devices
that
have
a
limit
of
detection
(
LOD)
of
0.5
ppm
or
lower.
Additional
guidance
regarding
monitoring
requirements
will
be
provided
in
the
Agency
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
reference
manual.

The
facts
that
support
using
any
of
these
exceptions
must
be
clearly
explained
in
the
site's
FMP.

V.
What
Registrants
Need
to
Do
The
Agency
has
determined
that
with
the
mitigation
measures
identified
in
this
document,
use
of
methyl
bromide
to
fumigate
commodities
is
eligible
for
reregistration;
however,
additional
data
are
required
to
confirm
this
decision.
In
the
near
future,
the
Agency
intends
to
issue
Data
Call­
In
Notices
(
DCIs)
requiring
product
specific
data
and
generic
(
technical
grade)
confirmatory
data.
Generally,
registrants
will
have
90
days
from
receipt
of
a
DCI
to
complete
and
submit
response
forms
or
request
time
extension
and/
or
waiver
requests
with
a
full
written
justification.
For
product
specific
data,
the
registrant
will
have
8
months
to
submit
data
and
amended
labels.
For
generic
data,
due
dates
can
vary
depending
on
the
specific
studies
being
required.
Below
are
additional
confirmatory
generic
data
that
the
Agency
intends
to
require
for
methyl
bromide's
commodity
uses.

A.
Manufacturing
Use
Products
1.
Additional
Generic
Data
Requirements
The
generic
data
base
supporting
the
reregistration
of
methyl
bromide
for
the
above
eligible
uses
has
been
reviewed
and
determined
to
be
substantially
complete.
However,
the
data
listed
below
are
necessary
to
confirm
the
reregistration
eligibility
decision
documented
in
this
RED.
37
Most
pertinent
product
chemistry
requirements
data
have
been
satisfied
for
the
Ameribrom
100%
and
Albemarle
99.8%
T/
TGAIs,
and
for
the
Albemarle
98%
FI;
however,
additional
data
are
required
for:

 
OPPTS
Guideline
830.6314
and
7050
­
T/
TGAIs
concerning
oxidation/
reduction
and
UV/
vis
absorption
 
OPPTS
830.6314
­
Albemarle
98%
FI
concerning
oxidation/
reduction
For
further
details
regarding
product
chemistry
please
refer
to
"
Reregistration
of
Methyl
bromide:
Product
and
Residue
Chemistry
Chapters
to
the
Reregistration
Eligibility
Document
(
D271583,
C.
Olinger,
2/
22/
02)."
This
document
is
included
in
the
methyl
bromide
docket
(
EPA­
HQ­
OPP­
2005­
0123).

The
assessment
of
occupational
and
residential
risks
associated
with
the
use
of
methyl
bromide
is
complex.
There
was
a
significant
amount
of
data
available
but
additional
data
are
still
required
to
confirm
the
findings
of
this
document.
These
include
both
occupational
monitoring
of
various
workers
in
different
industry
sectors
and
data
to
better
assess
exposures
to
the
general
population.
The
types
of
data,
guideline
citations,
and
examples
of
the
scenarios
which
need
to
be
addressed
are
presented
below.
Final
selection
of
the
scenarios
must
be
approved
by
the
Agency.
Development
of
data
described
below
may
fall
under
the
Agency's
final
rule
for
protection
of
human
subjects
(
40
CFR
Part
26);
any
such
studies
must
comply
with
the
requirements
of
this
rule.

 
OPPTS
Guideline
875.1400
­
Inhalation
exposure
for
applicators
(
indoors)
Commodity
­
(
e.
g.,
fumigators,
material
handlers,
aerators)
Industrial
­
(
e.
g.,
fumigators,
material
handlers,
aerators)

 
OPPTS
Guideline
875.2500
­
Inhalation
exposure
for
postapplication
workers
Commodity
­
(
e.
g.,
forklift
drivers,
sorters,
packagers)
Industrial
­
(
e.
g.,
line
workers,
forklift
drivers)

 
Requirements
for
special
studies
­

Meteorological
data
for
probabilistic
modeling
purposes
product
use
information
by
major
use
region,
frequency,
application
Parameters
(
e.
g.,
rate,
amounts
treated,
data,
application
equipment
and
emission
control
technologies
used)

Measurements
of
indoor
methyl
bromide
air
concentrations
for
residences
in
proximity
to
treated
facilities
38
Measurement
of
ambient
methyl
bromide
air
concentrations
in
representative
high­
use
areas
of
the
U.
S.

2.
Labeling
for
Manufacturing­
Use
Products
To
ensure
compliance
with
FIFRA,
manufacturing
use
product
(
MUP)
labeling
must
be
revised
to
comply
with
all
current
EPA
regulations,
PR
Notices,
and
applicable
policies.

B.
End­
Use
Products
1.
Additional
Product­
Specific
Data
Requirements
Section
4(
g)(
2)(
B)
of
FIFRA
calls
for
the
Agency
to
obtain
any
needed
product­
specific
data
regarding
the
pesticide
after
a
determination
of
eligibility
has
been
made.
The
Registrant
must
review
previous
data
submissions
to
ensure
that
they
meet
current
EPA
acceptance
criteria
and
if
not,
commit
to
conduct
new
studies.
If
a
registrant
believes
that
previously
submitted
data
meet
current
testing
standards,
then
the
study
MRID
numbers
must
be
cited
according
to
the
instructions
in
the
Requirement
Status
and
Registrants
Response
Form
provided
for
each
product.
The
Agency
intends
to
issue
a
separate
product­
specific
data
call­
in
(
PDCI),
outlining
specific
data
requirements.
For
questions
regarding
the
PDCI,
contact
Karen
Jones
from
OPP/
SRRD's
Product
Reregistration
Branch
at
(
703)
308­
8047
or
by
e­
mail
at
Jones.
Karen@
epa.
gov.
39
2.
Labeling
for
End­
Use
Products
In
order
to
be
eligible
for
reregistration,
amend
all
product
labels
to
incorporate
the
risk
mitigation
measures
outlined
in
Section
IV.
The
following
table
describes
how
language
on
the
labels
should
be
amended.

Table
2.
Summary
of
Labeling
Changes
for
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Description
Amended
Labeling
Language
Placement
on
Label
For
all
Manufacturing
Use
Products
Methyl
bromide
cannot
be
formulated
into
end­
use
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
fumigation
of
commodities
in
chambers
at
ports
or
specialized
structural
fumigations
at
food
processing
facilities
unless
the
end­
use
product
labeling
includes
requirements
for
site­
specific
fumigant
management
plans,
buffer
zones,
air
concentration
monitoring,
aeration
periods,
respiratory
protection
requirements
and
contains
a
reference
to
following
all
of
the
requirements
in
EPA's
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigation
manual.

"
Methyl
bromide
cannot
be
formulated
into
end­
use
products
labeled
for
commodity
use
on
alfalfa
hay,

coffee
beans,
cottonseed,
mangoes,
papayas,
pomegranates,
timothy
hay.
End­
use
product
labels
must
be
revised
to
delete
all
references
to
and
use
directions
for
these
commodities."
Directions
for
Use
One
of
these
statements
may
be
added
to
a
label
to
allow
reformulation
of
the
product
for
a
specific
use
or
all
additional
uses
supported
by
a
formulator
or
user
"
This
product
may
be
used
to
formulate
products
for
specific
use(
s)
not
listed
on
the
MP
label
if
the
formulator,
user
group,
or
grower
has
complied
with
U.
S.
EPA
submission
requirements
regarding
support
of
such
use(
s)."

"
This
product
may
be
used
to
formulate
products
for
any
additional
use(
s)
not
listed
on
the
MP
label
if
the
formulator,
user
group,
or
grower
has
complied
with
U.
S.
EPA
submission
requirements
regarding
support
of
such
use(
s)."
Directions
for
Use
Environmental
Hazards
Statements
Required
by
the
RED
and
Agency
Label
Policies
"
This
product
is
toxic
to
birds,
fish,
and
aquatic
invertebrates.
Do
not
discharge
effluent
containing
this
product
into
lakes,
streams,
ponds,
estuaries,
oceans,
or
other
waters
unless
in
accordance
with
the
requirements
of
a
National
Pollution
Discharge
Elimination
System
(
NPDES)
permit
and
the
permitting
authority
has
been
notified
in
writing
prior
to
discharge.
Do
not
discharge
effluent
containing
this
product
to
sewer
systems
without
previously
notifying
the
local
sewage
treatment
plant
authority.
For
guidance
contact
your
State
Water
Board
or
Regional
Office
of
the
EPA."
Precautionary
Statements
40
End
Use
Products
Intended
for
Occupational
Use
Identify
as
a
fumigant
any
methyl
bromide
end­
use
product
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
Prominently
identify
the
end­
use
product
as
a
"
Fumigant"
Insert
the
word
"
fumigant"
as
part
of
the
product
name
or
close
to
the
product
name,
either
as
part
of
the
product­
type
identification
or
as
a
separate
word
or
sentence
Add
precautionary
language
in
Spanish
on
any
methyl
bromide
enduse
product
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
Add
the
following
Spanish
signal
word
and
statement:

"
PELIGRO
Si
Usted
no
entiende
la
etiqueta,
busque
a
alquien
para
que
se
la
explique
a
Usted
en
detalle.
(
If
you
do
not
understand
the
label,
find
someone
to
explain
it
to
you
in
detail.)"
On
front
panel
of
the
label
near
the
signal
word
DANGER.

Add
acceptable
air
concentration
language
to
any
methyl
bromide
enduse
product
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
"
AIR
CONCENTRATION
LEVEL
The
acceptable
air
concentration
level
for
persons
exposed
to
methyl
bromide
from
commodity
uses
is
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
time
weighted
average
(
TWA)
(
4
mg/
m3).
The
air
concentration
level
must
be
measured
by
a
direct
reading
detection
device,
such
as
a
Matheson­
Kitagawa,
Draeger,
or
Sensidyne
and
air
monitoring
must
be
conducted
as
specified
in
the
"
Monitoring
Air
Concentrations
Section
of
this
labeling."
In
the
Hazards
to
Humans
and
Domestic
Animals
section
of
the
labeling
immediately
following
the
precautionary
statements.

PPE
Requirements
Established
by
the
RED
for
methyl
bromide
enduse
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
"
PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
Applicators
and
other
handlers
must
wear:

­­
Loose­
fitting
long­
sleeved
shirt
and
long
pants
­­
Shoes
and
socks
­­
Protective
eyewear
when
handling
liquid.

­­
In
addition,
when
a
respirator
is
required,
protect
the
eyes
from
the
vapors
by
wearing
a
full­
face
respirator
or
face­
sealing
goggles
with
a
half­
face
respirator.
Immediately
following/
below
Precautionary
Statements:
Hazards
to
Humans
and
Domestic
Animals
41
Respirator
Requirements:
Once
methyl
bromide
has
been
introduced
into
an
enclosure,
a
person
located
within
the
treatment
area,
treatment
buffer
zone,
aeration
buffer
zone,
post­
treatment
commodity
storage
areas,
and
tank
storage
areas
may
only
be
present
without
a
respirator
when
air
monitoring
procedures
in
the
"
Monitoring
Air
Concentration
Levels"
are
followed.
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
make
sure
that
all
persons
in
the
treatment
buffer
zone
and
the
aeration
buffer
zone
have
appropriate
respiratory
protection
or
are
removed
from
the
exposure
area.

Air
Concentrations
Greater
than
5
ppm:
If
the
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
level
is
measured
to
be
5
ppm
or
greater
at
anytime,
each
person
in
the
exposure
area
must
wear
either
­­
a
supplied­
air
respirator
(
MSHA/
NIOSH
approval
number
prefix
TC­
19C),
or
­­
a
self­
contained
breathing
apparatus
(
SCBA)
(
MSHA/
NIOSH
approval
number
prefix
TC­
13F)."

Air
Concentrations
of
5
ppm
or
less:
If
the
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
level
is
measured
to
be
5
ppm
or
less,
each
person
in
the
exposure
area
must
wear
one
of
the
following
types
of
respirator:

­­
a
supplied­
air
respirator
(
MSHA/
NIOSH
approval
number
prefix
TC­
19C),
or
­­
a
self­
contained
breathing
apparatus
(
SCBA)
(
MSHA/
NIOSH
approval
number
prefix
TC­
13F),
or
­­
a
NIOSH­
approved
half­
face,
full­
face,
or
hood­
style
respirator
with
a
cartridge
or
canister
certified
by
the
manufacturer
for
protection
from
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
at
concentrations
up
to
5
ppm.
The
manufacturer
must
provide
EPA,
in
writing,
certification
of
the
effectiveness
of
the
cartridge
or
canister
against
exposures
to
methyl
bromide
and
specify
the
length
of
time
(
such
as
one
8­
hour
work
shift)
that
the
cartridge
or
canister
will
remain
effective.
EPA
will
provide
a
list
all
certified
cartridges
and
canisters
in
the
Agency's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual
Air
Concentrations
Less
than
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA
No
respirator
is
required
if
the
air
concentration
level
of
methyl
bromide
in
the
working
area
is
measured
to
be
less
than
1
ppm
for
an
8­

hour
time
weighted
average
(
TWA).

Transit
Exception:
If
roads
or
other
vehicle
passageways
are
located
within
the
treatment
buffer
zone
or
the
aeration
buffer
zone,
occupants
of
vehicles
are
permitted
to
travel
through
the
buffer
zone
without
respiratory
protection,
provided
the
transit
period
is
brief
and
the
need
for
the
transit
is
unavoidable.

User
Safety
Requirements
for
all
methyl
bromide
end­
use
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
"
USER
SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS
­
Respirator
Requirements:
When
a
respirator
is
required
for
use
with
this
product,
the
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
make
sure
that:

a)
Respirators
must
be
fit
tested
and
fit
checked
using
a
program
that
conforms
with
OSHA's
Precautionary
Statements:
Hazards
to
Humans
and
Domestic
Animals
immediately
following
Personal
Protective
Equipment
42
requirements
(
described
in
29
CFR
Part
1910.134;

b)
Respirator
users
must
be
trained
using
a
program
that
conforms
with
OSHA's
requirements
(
described
in
29
CFR
Part
1910.134;

c)
Respirator
users
must
be
examined
by
a
qualified
medical
practitioner
to
ensure
the
physical
ability
to
safely
wear
the
style
of
respirator
to
be
worn;

d)
Respirators
must
be
maintained
according
to
a
program
that
conforms
with
OSHA's
requirements
(
described
in
29
CFR
Part
1910.134.

­­
Do
not
wear
jewelry,
gloves,
tight
clothing,
rubber
protective
clothing,
or
rubber
boots
when
handling.

Methyl
bromide
is
heavier
than
air
and
can
be
trapped
inside
clothing
or
objects
and
cause
skin
injury.

­­
If
liquid
fumigant
splashes
or
spills
on
clothing,
remove
them
at
once
and
place
them
outdoors
in
an
isolated
place
to
aerate,
because
fumes
will
be
an
intolerable
source
of
irritation.

­­
Immediately
after
application
remove
outer
clothing,
shoes,
and
socks.
Do
not
reuse
contaminated
clothing
or
shoes
until
cleaned.
Keep
and
wash
the
clothing
and
shoes
separately
from
other
laundry.

­­
Discard
clothing
and
other
absorbent
materials
that
have
been
drenched
or
heavily
contaminated
with
this
product.
Do
not
reuse
them.

­­
Follow
manufacturer's
instructions
for
cleaning/
maintaining
protective
eyewear
and
respirators."
Requirements
User
Safety
Recommendations
"
User
Safety
Recommendations
Users
should
wash
hands
before
eating,
drinking,
chewing
gum,
using
tobacco,
or
using
the
toilet.

Users
should
remove
clothing/
PPE
immediately
if
pesticide
gets
inside.
Then
wash
thoroughly
and
put
on
clean
clothing.

Users
should
remove
PPE
immediately
after
handling
this
product.
Wash
the
outside
of
gloves
before
removing.
As
soon
as
possible,
wash
thoroughly
and
change
into
clean
clothing."
Precautionary
Statements
under:

Hazards
to
Humans
and
Domestic
Animals
immediately
following
User
Safety
Requirements
(
Must
be
placed
in
a
box.)

Site­
Specific
Fumigation
Management
Plans
for
all
methyl
bromide
end­
use
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
"
SITE­
SPECIFIC
FUMIGATION
MANAGEMENT
PLAN
(
FMP)

Prior
to
fumigating
commodities,
a
site­
specific
fumigation
management
plan
(
FMP)
must
be
developed.

The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
ensure
that
the
FMP
is
up­
to­
date
and
applicable
to
the
fumigation
before
it
takes
place.
The
minimum
elements
that
FMP
site­
specific
plans
In
the
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
Site­
Specific
Fumigation
43
commodity
fumigation
must
address,
details
about
how
to
develop
the
FMP,
and
a
methyl
bromide
commodity
fumigant
reference
manual
are
available
through
EPA's
publication
office
(
EPA
#
XXXX
or
at
EPA's
website
(
www.
epa.
gov/
XXXXX)

For
emergency
fumigations
that
must
be
performed
with
limited
advance
notice,
(
e.
g.,
quarantine
fumigation
of
a
ship
or
other
container)
generic
(
non­
site­
specific)
plans
may
be
developed,
completed,

and
certified
as
needed.

During
the
two
year
period
following
a
fumigation,
the
site­
specific
FMP
must
be
made
readily
available
to
all
fumigation
workers
and
other
on­
site
workers,
and
must
be
made
available
upon
request
to
any
local,
state,
tribal,
or
federal
pesticide
enforcement
personnel,
and
to
any
interested
individuals
in
the
community.

Before
the
start
of
any
commodity
fumigation,
the
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
certify
in
writing
that
he/
she
has
reviewed
the
FMP
and
that
it
addresses
all
elements
identified
on
this
labeling
and
in
EPA's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual.
In
addition,
he/
she
must
certify
in
writing
that
the
elements
in
the
FMP
related
to
the
treatment
and
aeration
processes,

appropriate
buffer
zones,
and
personal
protective
equipment
are
appropriate
to
that
fumigation
and
that
they
will
be
implemented
according
to
the
FMP.
The
signed
certification
must
be
kept
for
at
least
two
years
with
the
FMP
and
application
records
as
specified
in
this
labeling."
Management
Plan
(
FMP)"

Restrictions
During
Fumigation
and
Aeration
"
BUFFER
ZONES
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
determine
the
buffer
zone
(
the
appropriate
distance
from
the
fumigation
site)
that
must
be
maintained
during
fumigation
and
the
buffer
zone
that
must
be
maintained
until
the
air
concentration
exhausted
from
the
treatment
area
is
5
ppm
or
less.
The
treatment
buffer
zone
and
the
aeration
buffer
zone
must
be
included
in
the
site­
specific
fumigation
management
plan.
The
appropriate
buffer
zones
may
be
determined
through
one
of
the
following
methods:

­­
EPA's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Buffer
Zone
Tables
located
in
EPA's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual,
which
is
available
through
EPA's
publication
office
(
EPA
#
XXXX
or
at
EPA's
website
(
www.
epa.
gov/
XXXXX);
or
­­
buffer
zones
less
than
those
listed
in
EPA's
Buffer
Zone
Tables
can
be
established
based
on
sitespecific
modeling
using
only
models
meeting
the
criteria
described
in
EPA's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual.
The
site
data
needed
for
such
models
includes
weather,
flux
rates,
measured
or
empirically
derived
retention
rates,
exhaust
methods,
and
other
site­
specific
information.
Note
that
air
monitoring
and
modeling
for
methyl
bromide
destruction
or
capturing
devices,
such
as
scrubbers,
may
be
used
to
establish
buffer
zones
less
than
those
listed
in
EPA's
Buffer
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
BUFFER
ZONES"
44
Zone
Tables
provided
that
it
complies
with
criteria
described
in
EPA
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual.

Minimum
Buffer
Zones:
Regardless
of
the
method
use
to
establish
appropriate
treatment
buffer
zone
and
aeration
buffer
zone,
the
minimum
treatment
or
aeration
buffer
zone
is
10
feet."

Buffer
Zone
Entry
Restrictions
"
BUFFER
ZONE
ENTRY
RESTRICTIONS
Entry
by
any
person,
except
the
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation,
or
persons
under
his/
her
direct
supervision,
is
prohibited
in
the
treatment
buffer
zone
and
in
the
aeration
buffer
zone.
Authorized
persons
who
enter
the
treatment
or
aeration
buffer
zones
must
be
wearing
all
of
the
personal
protective
equipment
specified
for
handlers
on
this
labeling.
If
a
structure
within
the
treatment
buffer
zone
or
the
aeration
buffer
zone
is
not
occupied
(
due
to
deliberate
evacuation
or
other
reasons),
steps
must
be
taken
to
ensure
that
persons
do
not
enter
the
structure
until
the
treatment
and
aeration
periods
are
completed
and
until
the
air
concentrations
within
the
structure
do
not
exceed
1
ppm
for
an
8­
hour
TWA
when
any
persons
are
permitted
to
re­
occupy
the
structure..

Exceptions
to
Buffer
Zone
Entry
Restrictions:
Two
exceptions
are
permitted
to
treatment
buffer
zones
and
aeration
buffer
zones
1.
Occupied
Structure
Exception:
Occupants
of
a
structure
that
is
within
the
treatment
and/
or
aeration
buffer
zone
may
remain
in
the
structure,
provided
continuous
real­
time
monitoring
indicates
that
methyl
bromide
concentrations
are
5
ppm
or
less
within
the
occupied
structure.

This
exception
only
applies
to
structures
occupied
by
occupational
workers.
It
does
not
apply
to
homes,
apartment
buildings,
schools,
hospitals,
nursing
homes,
employee
housing
centers,
or
other
sensitive
sites.
To
use
this
exception,
the
FMP
must
state
the
distance
of
the
occupied
structure
to
the
fumigation
site,
the
method
of
conducting
the
real
time
monitoring
for
methyl
bromide
during
treatment
and
aeration,
and
specific
procedures
for
immediate
intervention,

such
as
cessation
of
aeration,
evacuation
of
building,
or
supplying
all
occupants
with
appropriate
respirators
if
the
concentration
of
methyl
bromide
exceeds
5
ppm
at
any
time.

2.
Transit
Exception:
If
roads
or
other
vehicle
passageways
are
located
within
the
treatment
buffer
zone
or
the
aeration
buffer
zone,
occupants
of
vehicles
are
permitted
to
travel
through
the
buffer
zone
without
respiratory
protection,
provided
the
transit
period
is
brief
and
the
need
for
the
transit
is
unavoidable.
To
use
this
exception,
the
FMP
must
state
the
distance
from
the
fumigation
site
to
the
vehicle
passageway,
the
estimated
length
of
time
vehicles
will
be
in
the
buffer
zone,
and
the
rationale
why
occupants
of
the
vehicle
will
not
be
adversely
affected
by
the
exposure
methyl
bromide
while
in
transit
through
the
buffer
zone."
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
BUFFER
ZONE
ENTRY
RESTRICTIONS"
45
Monitoring
Air
Concentration
Levels
"
MONITORING
AIR
CONCENTRATION
LEVELS
Monitoring
Air
Concentrations
in
Treatment
Buffer
Zones,
Aeration
Buffer
Zones,
and
Commodity
Storage
Areas:
Air
concentration
levels
must
be
monitored
using
a
direct
reading
detection
device,
such
as
a
Matheson­
Kitagawa,
Draeger,
or
Sensidyne
device.
If
colorimetric
tubes
are
used
for
air
monitoring,
measurements
of
2
ppm
or
less
should
be
considered
and
recorded
as
2
ppm.

Respiratory
protection
must
be
used
by
all
personnel
who
enter
and
remain
in
a
treatment
buffer
zone,
in
an
aeration
buffer
zone,
or
in
a
commodity
storage
area
until
one
of
the
following
air
concentration
monitoring
procedures
has
been
completed:

­­
Procedure
1:
Provided
that
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
by
any
worker
who
is
not
wearing
respiratory
protection
is
limited
to
a
maximum
of
240
minutes
(
4
hours)
per
day,
respirator
protection
may
be
discontinued
in
the
treatment
buffer
zone,
the
aeration
buffer
zone,
and/
or
the
commodity
storage
area,

provided
four
consecutive
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
indicate
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
of
2
ppm
or
less
and
two
additional
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart
also
indicate
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
of
2
ppm
or
less.
If
either
of
the
two
samples
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart
indicates
a
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
level
greater
than
2
ppm,
then
respiratory
protection
must
continue
until
two
additional
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
indicate
that
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
are
2
ppm
or
less.

­­
Procedure
2:
Provided
that
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
by
any
worker
who
is
not
wearing
respiratory
protection
is
limited
to
a
maximum
of
160
minutes
(
2
hours
and
40
minutes)
per
day,
respirator
protection
may
be
discontinued
in
the
treatment
buffer
zone,
the
aeration
buffer
zone
or
the
commodity
storage
area,
provided,
provided
four
consecutive
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
indicate
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
of
3
ppm
or
less
and
two
additional
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart
also
indicate
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
of
3
ppm
or
less.
If
either
of
the
two
samples
taken
at
least
30
minutes
apart
indicates
a
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
level
greater
than
2
ppm,
then
respiratory
protection
must
continue
until
two
additional
air
concentration
samples
taken
at
least
15
minutes
apart
indicate
that
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
are
3
ppm
or
less.

Continued
Air
Monitoring:
After
respiratory
protection
is
discontinued
on
the
day
of
fumigation,
the
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
or
someone
under
his/
her
supervision
must
continue
to
monitor
air
concentration
levels
of
methyl
bromide
in
the
treatment
buffer
zone,
in
the
aeration
buffer
zone,
and
in
any
area
where
the
treated
commodity
is
stored
at
least
hourly
throughout
the
remainder
of
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
MONITORING
AIR
CONCENTRATION
LEVELS"
46
the
workday
(
when
any
workers
are
present).
If
at
any
time,
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
levels
exceed
2
ppm
or
3
ppm
corresponding
to
for
Procedures
1
and
2,
respectively
as
described
above
,
then
respiratory
protection
must
be
resumed
for
all
personnel
in
the
exposure
area.

Recordkeeping:
Records
must
be
kept
of
all
methyl
bromide
air
monitoring
(
see
recordkeeping
requirements
elsewhere
on
this
labeling)."

Aeration
Period
"
AERATION
PERIOD
Aeration
period
is
the
time
from
the
end
of
the
treatment
period
until
the
concentration
within
the
treated
commodity
or
space
for
structural
fumigations
is
no
greater
than
5
ppm.
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
must
determine
the
aeration
time
that
is
appropriate
for
the
fumigation
that
will
take
place.
The
time
of
the
aeration
period
must
be
included
in
the
site­
specific
fumigation
management
plan.

Except
as
provided
below,
enclosures
where
methyl
bromide
fumigation
took
place
must
be
aerated
for
a
minimum
of:

­­
4
hours
if
mechanically
ventilated
using
fans,
or
­­
12
hours
if
passively
ventilated
using
windows
or
doors
only.

The
minimum
aeration
time
is
measured
starting
at
the
end
of
the
fumigation
period
and
the
beginning
of
aeration
through
mechanical
or
passive
means.
At
the
end
of
the
aeration
period,
the
methyl
bromide
air
concentration
level
within
the
treated
commodity
or
within
the
space
for
structural
fumigation
must
be
measured.
Until
the
air
concentration
level
is
measured
to
be
5
ppm
or
less,
the
commodity
cannot
be
moved
from
the
fumigation
enclosure.

Exceptions
to
minimum
aeration
times:
Enclosures
where
methyl
bromide
fumigation
took
place
need
not
be
aerated
for
the
minimum
aeration
times
listed
here,
provided:

­­
a
vacuum
chamber
is
used
that
provides
at
least
4
air
exchanges
per
hour.
The
minimum
aeration
time
for
such
a
vacuum
chamber
is
the
time
from
the
start
of
aeration
until
10
air
exchanges
have
been
completed.
If
this
exception
to
the
minimum
aeration
period
is
used,
the
site­
specific
fumigant
management
plan
must
explain
the
basis
for
exception,
such
as
documentation
on
the
designation
that
the
enclosure
is
a
vacuum
chamber
and
about
the
number
of
air
exchanges
per
hour
for
the
fumigation
enclosure.
Criteria
for
vacuum
chambers
may
found
in
the
EPA's
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual,
which
is
available
through
EPA's
publication
office
(
EPA
#
XXXX
or
at
EPA's
website
(
www.
epa.
gov/
XXXXX);

­­
various
types
of
air
monitoring
indicate
that
the
minimum
aeration
times
can
be
reduced.
This
may
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
AERATION
PERIOD"
47
involve
testing
the
rate
of
desorption
for
a
specific
commodity
or
monitoring
workers
with
charcoal
tubes,
Summa
canisters,
long­
path
infrared
spectrometer,
or
some
other
sensitive
method.
This
type
of
air
monitoring
cannot
be
done
with
colorimetric
detector
tubes.
Air
monitoring
must
be
done
with
devices
that
have
a
limit
of
detection
(
LOD)
of
0.5
ppm
or
lower.
Additional
guidance
regarding
monitoring
requirements
will
be
provided
in
the
EPA
Methyl
Bromide
Commodity
Fumigation
Reference
Manual.
If
this
exception
to
the
minimum
aeration
period
is
used,
the
site­
specific
fumigant
management
plan
must
explain
the
basis
for
exception."

Moving
Fumigated
Commodities
from
the
Fumigation
Enclosure
"
MOVING
FUMIGATED
COMMODITIES
TO
SEPARATE
STORAGE
AREAS
Fumigated
commodities
may
be
moved
from
the
fumigation
enclosure
to
storage
areas,
provided
­­
the
concentration
of
methyl
bromide
in
the
air
spaces
among
the
stacked
commodities
is
measured
to
be
5
ppm
or
less,
and
­­
at
least
ten
air
exchanges
have
been
completed
in
the
fumigation
enclosure.

However,
the
minimum
aeration
time
must
be
completed
in
the
storage
area
before
workers
are
permitted
to
process,
package,
or
otherwise
handle
the
treated
commodity.
The
total
aeration
time
is
measured
from
the
start
of
aeration
in
the
fumigation
enclosure
and
includes
aeration
time
in
the
fumigation
enclosure
plus
any
aeration
that
occurs
in
a
holding
area
and
aeration
that
occurs
in
the
storage
area.
If
a
combination
of
aeration
techniques
are
used,
the
effective
aeration
time
can
be
prorated
to
reflect
the
techniques
used.
For
example,
if
two
hours
of
mechanical
ventilation
occur
in
the
fumigation
enclosure
before
the
commodity
is
moved
to
a
storage
area,
then
that
constitutes
one­
half
of
the
required
minimum
aeration
time
(
2
hours
out
of
4
hours
for
mechanical
ventilation).
If
the
storage
area
uses
passive
ventilation,
then
the
storage
area
would
have
to
be
passively
ventilated
for
at
least
6
hours
(
one
half
of
the
12
hours
for
passive
ventilation)
before
workers
would
be
permitted
to
handle
the
treated
commodity."
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
MOVING
FUMIGATED
COMMODITIES
TO
SEPARATE
STORAGE
AREAS"
48
Onsite
Notification
for
all
methyl
bromide
end­
use
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
"
PLACARDING
OF
FUMIGATED
AREAS
The
certified
applicator
in
charge
of
the
fumigation
(
or
someone
under
his/
her
supervision)
must
placard
all
entrances
to
the
fumigated
area
with
signs
bearing:

­­
skull
and
crossbones
symbol
­­
"
DANGER/
PELIGRO,"

­­
"
Area
under
fumigation,
DO
NOT
ENTER/
NO
ENTRE,"

­­
"
Methyl
Bromide
Fumigant
in
use,"

­­
the
date
and
time
of
fumigation,
and
­­
name,
address,
and
telephone
number
of
the
certified
applicator
in
charge
of
the
fumigation."

"
Do
not
enter
or
allow
entry
by
unprotected
persons
into
the
fumigated
area
until
the
signs
are
removed.

Such
signs
must
only
be
removed
when
aeration
has
occurred
and
when
the
air
concentration
level
of
methyl
bromide
is
monitored
as
described
in
this
labeling
and
indicates
that
workers
can
enter
without
respiratory
protection.
Signs
must
remain
legible
during
entire
posting
period."

"
The
warning
signs
at
entrances
to
fumigated
structures
may
only
be
removed
by
the
certified
applicator
in
charge
of
the
fumigation
(
or
someone
under
his/
her
supervision)."

"
Vehicles
leaving
the
fumigation
site
must
be
placarded
with
applicable
U.
S.
Department
of
Transportation
warning
signs."
In
the
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
PLACARDING
FUMIGATED
AREAS"

Treated
Commodity
Notification
TREATED
COMMODITY
NOTIFICATION
"
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
or
someone
under
his/
her
supervision
must
affix
a
tag
or
label
to
the
exterior
of
every
container
or
package
containing
fumigated
commodities
that
states:

`
The
contents
of
this
container
have
been
fumigated
with
methyl
bromide
fumigant
and
have
been
aerated
in
accordance
with
EPA
approved
methyl
bromide
product
labels."

The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
(
or
someone
under
his/
her
direct
supervision)
must
make
the
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet
(
MSDS)
for
this
methyl
bromide
product
available
to
workers
before
they
handle
methyl
bromide
fumigated
commodities.
In
the
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
"
Treated
Commodity
Notification"

immediately
following
"
Placarding
of
Fumigated
Areas:"

Community
Notification
"
COMMUNITY
NOTIFICATION
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
(
or
someone
under
his/
her
direct
supervision)
must
ensure
that
residents
and
owners/
operators
of
businesses
within
and
immediately
adjacent
to
the
treatment
and
aeration
buffer
zones
for
the
facility
have
been
notified
that
commodities
are
being
In
the
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
"
NCOMMUNITY
OTIFICATION"
49
fumigated
with
methyl
bromide
at
the
facility
and
how
they
can
access
the
Fumigant
Management
Plan(
s)
for
the
facility.
The
notification
must
state
that
in
case
of
an
accident:

­­
people
in
the
immediate
area
may
be
exposed
to
methyl
bromide,

­­
exposure
to
methyl
bromide
may
result
in
irritation
to
the
skin,
eyes,
and
respiratory
tract,
and
­­
persons
who
experience
such
symptoms
should
seek
fresh
air
immediately.

The
notification
must
take
place
before
the
first
fumigation
begins
after
the
FMP
is
completed
and
must
be
repeated
annually
or
within
30
days
of
a
change
in
the
FMP,
which
ever
occurs
first.

The
notification
method
must
be
included
in
the
FMP
and
may
be
accomplished
through
mail,

newspaper,
radio,
television,
posting
at
public
sites,
such
as
local
library,
court
house,
post
office),
or
through
another
method
that
effectively
notifies
persons
within
or
immediately
adjacent
to
the
treatment
and
aeration
buffer
zones
for
the
fumigation
facility."
immediately
following
"
Treated
Commodity
Notification"

Recordkeeping
"
RECORDKEEPING
The
certified
applicator
supervising
the
fumigation
or
persons
under
his/
her
direct
supervision
must
maintain
records
which
include
the
dates
fumigation
took
place
and
the
results
of
air
monitoring.

During
the
two­
year
period
following
a
fumigation,
these
records
must
be
made
readily
available
to
all
fumigation
workers
and
other
on­
site
workers,
and
must
be
made
available
upon
request
to
any
local,

state,
tribal,
or
federal
pesticide
enforcement
personnel,
and
to
any
interested
individuals
in
the
community.
The
records
may
be
provided
to
the
public
using
the
Internet."
Directions
for
Use
for
Commodity
Fumigation
under
the
heading
"
RECORDKEEPING"

Environmental
Hazards
Statements
"
ENVIRONMENTAL
HAZARDS
This
product
is
toxic
to
wildlife.
Do
not
discharge
effluent
containing
this
product
into
lakes,
streams,

ponds,
estuaries,
oceans,
or
other
waters
unless
in
accordance
with
the
requirements
of
a
National
Pollution
Discharge
Elimination
System
(
NPDES)
permit
and
the
permitting
authority
has
been
notified
in
writing
prior
to
discharge.
Do
not
discharge
effluent
containing
this
product
to
sewer
systems
without
previously
notifying
the
local
sewage
treatment
plant
authority.
For
guidance
contact
your
State
Water
Board
or
Regional
Office
of
the
EPA."
Precautionary
Statements
under
Environmental
Hazards
Storage
and
Disposal
language
of
for
all
methyl
bromide
end­
use
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
"
Persons
moving,
handling,
or
opening
containers
must
wear
the
personal
protective
equipment
(
including
prescribed
respirators
when
necessary)
specified
in
the
Human
Hazards
section
of
this
labeling.
Store
containers
in
a
well­
ventilated
area."
Storage
and
Disposal
section
of
the
label
Spill
and
Leak
Procedures
of
for
all
methyl
bromide
end­
use
"
SPILL
AND
LEAK
PROCEDURES
Evacuate
everyone
from
the
immediate
area
of
the
spill
or
leak.
No
person
may
enter
into
the
spill
or
leak
area
without
wearing
the
appropriate
personal
protective
equipment,
including
prescribed
In
the
labeling
section
titled
"
Storage
and
Disposal"
or
by
50
products
containing
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigation
respiratory
protection,(
see
the
Hazards
to
Humans
section
of
this
labeling),
until
one
of
the
air
concentration
monitoring
procedures
has
been
completed
(
see
the
Monitoring
Air
Concentrations
section
of
this
labeling).

Only
certified
applicators
or
persons
under
their
direct
supervision
are
permitted
to
perform
such
cleanup.
Move
leaking
or
damaged
containers
outdoors
or
to
an
isolated
location.
Observe
strict
safety
precautions.
Work
upwind,
if
possible.
Allow
spilled
fumigant
to
evaporate.

Contaminated
soil,
water,
and
other
cleanup
debris
is
a
toxic
hazardous
waste.
Report
spill
to
the
National
Response
Center
(
800­
424­
8802)
if
the
reportable
quantity
of
1000
lbs.
is
exceeded."
themselves
under
the
heading
"
Spill
and
Leak
Procedures"

General
Application
Restrictions
"
DIRECTIONS
FOR
USE
It
is
a
violation
of
Federal
Law
to
use
this
product
in
a
manner
inconsistent
with
its
labeling.

Do
not
apply
this
product
in
a
way
that
will
contact
workers
or
other
persons,
either
directly
or
through
drift.
Only
protected
handlers
may
be
in
the
area
during
application.
For
any
requirements
specific
to
your
State
or
Tribe,
consult
the
agency
responsible
for
pesticide
regulation."
Place
in
the
Direction
for
Use
directly
below
the
heading
"
Directions
for
Use"

Commodity­
Specific
Application
Restrictions
(
The
product
label
must
list
the
specified
application
rates
in
pounds
or
gallons
of
formulated
products
in
place
of
pounds
of
active
ingredient.)
End­
Use
Products
with
directions
for
use
for
commodity
fumigations
must
have
the
following
maximum
application
rates
and
maximum
exposure
periods:

Almonds:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Apples:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Apricots:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Artichokes,
Jerusalem:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Asparagus:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Avocados:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
51
exposure
period
is
3
hours
Barley:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Beans
(
succulent):
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Beans
(
dried):
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Beets
(
roots)
:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Blackberries:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Blueberries:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Brazil
nuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Broccoli:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Bushnuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Butternuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Cabbage:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Cantaloupes:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
52
Carrots:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Cashews:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Cauliflower:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Cherries:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Chestnuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Chestnuts:
use
limited
to
vacuum
chambers
only.
maximum
application
rate
is
6.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.

Cippolini
bulbs:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.
Citron
Citrus
Fruit:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Cocoa
beans:
maximum
application
rate
is
1.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.
Maximum
number
of
fumigations
is
two
with
a
12­
day
retreatment
interval.

Cocoa
beans:
when
used
in
a
vacuum
chamber,
the
maximum
application
rate
is
1.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
12
hours.

Copra:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Corn:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Corn,
pop:
use
limited
to
vacuum
chambers
only.
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.
53
Corn,
sweet:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Cucumbers:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Eggplant:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Filberts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Garlic:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Grapefruit:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Grapes:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Hickory
nuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.
Honeydew
melons:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Horseradish:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Kiwi
fruit:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
54
exposure
period
is
3
hours
Kumquats:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Leafy
vegetables:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Lemons:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Limes:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Macadamia
nuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.
Muskmelons:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Nectarines:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Oats:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Okra:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Onions:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.

Oranges:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Parsnips:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Peaches:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
55
Peanuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Pears:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Peas
(
with
pods):
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Peas
(
dried):
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Pecans:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Peppers:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Pimentos:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
3
hours.

Pineapples:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Pistachios:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Plums:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Potatoes:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.

Pumpkins:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Quinces:
maximum
application
rate
is
5.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Radishes:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
56
Rice:
APHIS
only:
when
using
a
tarp,
the
maximum
application
rate
is
9.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
12
hours.
APHIS
only
when
using
a
vacuum
chamber,
the
maximum
application
rate
is
12
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
12
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:

maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours
Rutabagas:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
6
hours.

Rye:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Salsify
roots:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
3
hours.

Sorghum
(
grain):
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.
Squash
(
summer):
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Squash
(
winter):
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Squash,
zucchini:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Strawberries:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Sugar
beets
(
roots):
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Sweet
potatoes:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
57
Tangelos:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Tangerines:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.

Tomatoes:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.

Turnips
(
roots)
:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
Walnuts:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Watermelons:
APHIS
only:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours.
Users
other
than
APHIS:
maximum
application
rate
is
2.5
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
2
hours
Wheat:
maximum
application
rate
is
3.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
24
hours.

Yams:
maximum
application
rate
is
4.0
lb
ai/
1000
ft3
and
maximum
exposure
period
is
4
hours.
58
C.
Conclusions
The
Agency
is
issuing
this
Reregistration
Eligibility
Decision
(
RED)
document
for
commodity
fumigation
uses
of
methyl
bromide,
as
announced
in
a
Notice
of
Availability
published
in
the
Federal
Register.
This
RED
document
includes
guidance
and
time
frames
for
complying
with
any
required
label
changes
for
products
containing
methyl
bromide.
The
Agency
has
determined
that
all
currently
registered
commodity
fumigation
uses
of
methyl
bromide
are
eligible
for
reregistration
provided
that
the
mitigation
measures
are
adopted
on
product
labels.

The
Agency
has
also
determined
that
all
methyl
bromide
tolerances
are
reassessed,
as
detailed
in
this
document.
There
will
be
a
60­
day
public
comment
period
for
this
document
to
allow
stakeholders
the
opportunity
to
review
and
provide
comments
on
this
document.

Appendices
Appendix
A:
Methyl
Bromide
Use
Patterns
Eligible
For
Reregistration
Appendix
B:
Table
of
Generic
Data
Requirements
and
Studies
Used
to
Make
the
Reregistration
Decision
for
Methyl
Bromide
Appendix
C:
Technical
Support
Documents
Appendix
D:
Bibliography
Appendix
E:
Generic
Data
Call­
In
Appendix
F:
Product
Specific
Data
Call­
In
Appendix
G:
EPA's
Batching
of
Methyl
Bromide
Products
for
Meeting
Acute
Toxicity
Data
Requirements
for
Reregistration
Appendix
H:
List
of
Registrants
Sent
Data
Call­
Ins
Appendix
I:
List
of
Available
Related
Documents
and
Electronically
Available
Forms
Appendix
J:
Methyl
Bromide:
Phase
5
Health
Effects
Division
(
HED)
Human
Health
Risk
Assessment
for
Commodity
Uses.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304623,"
(
March
10,
2006)

Appendix
K:
Addendum
To
Phase
5
Health
Effects
Division
(
HED)
Human
Health
Risk
Assessment
For
Commodity
Uses.
PC
Code:
053201,
DP
Barcode:
D304619
(
July
12,
2006)
