
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 97 (Thursday, May 19, 2016)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 31577-31581]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-10990]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 60

[EPA-HQ-OAR-2013-0696; FRL-9944-28-OAR]
RIN 2060-AS86


Technical Amendments to Performance Specification 18 and 
Procedure 6

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to make 
several minor technical amendments to the performance specifications 
and test procedures for hydrogen chloride (HCl) continuous emission 
monitoring systems (CEMS). The EPA is also proposing to make several 
minor amendments to the quality assurance (QA) procedures for HCl CEMS 
used for compliance determination at stationary sources. The 
performance specification (Performance Specification 18) and the QA 
procedures (Procedure 6) were published in the Federal Register on July 
7, 2015. These proposed amendments make several minor corrections and 
clarify several aspects of these regulations. In the ``Rules and 
Regulations'' section of this Federal Register, the EPA is amending 
Performance Specification 18 and Procedure 6 as a direct final rule 
without a prior proposed rule. If we receive no adverse comment, we 
will not take further action on this proposed rule.

DATES: Comments: Written comments must be received by July 5, 2016.
    Public Hearing. The EPA will hold a public hearing on this rule if 
requested. Requests for a hearing must be made by May 24, 2016. 
Requests for a hearing should be made to Ms. Candace Sorrell via email 
at sorrell.candace@epa.gov or by phone at (919) 541-1064. If a hearing 
is requested, it will be held on June 3, 2016 at the EPA facility in 
Research Triangle Park, NC.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-
OAR-2013-0696, at http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online 
instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot 
be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any 
comment received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any 
information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) 
or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 
Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a 
written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment 
and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA 
will generally not consider comments or comment contents located 
outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the Web, Cloud, or other 
file sharing system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA 
public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, 
and general guidance on making effective comments, please visit http://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
    All documents in the docket are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be 
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket 
materials are available either electronically through 
www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center, Room 
3334, EPA WJC West Building, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 
20004. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., 
Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number 
for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number 
for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566-1742.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Candace Sorrell, U.S. EPA, Office 
of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Air Quality Assessment Division,

[[Page 31578]]

Measurement Technology Group (Mail Code: E143-02), Research Triangle 
Park, NC 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-1064; fax number: (919) 
541-0516; email address: sorrell.candace@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Why is the EPA issuing this proposed rule?

    The EPA is proposing to take action to make minor technical 
amendments to Performance Specification 18 (PS 18) and Procedure 6. In 
addition, we have published a direct final rule making these amendments 
in the ``Rules and Regulations'' section of this Federal Register 
because we view this as non-controversial action and anticipate no 
adverse comment. We have explained the amendments and our reasons for 
this action in the preamble of the direct final rule. The regulatory 
text for this proposal is identical to that for the direct final rule 
published in the ``Rules and Regulations'' section of this Federal 
Register.
    If we receive no adverse comment, we will not take further action 
on this proposed rule. If we receive adverse comment, we will withdraw 
the direct final rule, and it will not take effect. We would address 
all public comments in any subsequent final rule based on this proposed 
rule.
    We do not intend to institute a second comment period on this 
action. Any parties interested in commenting must do so at this time. 
For further information, please see the information provided in the 
ADDRESSES section of this document.

II. Does this action apply to me?

    The major entities that would potentially be affected by the final 
PS 18 and the QA requirements of Procedure 6 for gaseous HCl CEMS are 
those entities that are required to install a new HCl CEMS, relocate an 
existing HCl CEMS, or replace an existing HCl CEMS under any applicable 
subpart of 40 CFR part 60, 61, or 63. Table 1 of this preamble lists 
the current federal rules by subpart and the corresponding source 
categories to which PS 18 and Procedure 6 potentially would apply.

  Table 1--Source Categories That Would Potentially Be Subject to PS 18
                             and Procedure 6
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Subpart(s)                         Source category
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             40 CFR Part 63
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subpart LLL...........................  Portland Cement Manufacturing
                                         Industry.
Subpart UUUUU.........................  Coal- and Oil-fired Electric
                                         Utility Steam Generating Units.
Subpart DDDDD.........................  Industrial, Commercial, and
                                         Institutional Boilers and
                                         Process Heaters.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The requirements of PS 18 and Procedure 6 may also apply to 
stationary sources located in a state, district, reservation, or 
territory that adopts PS 18 or Procedure 6 in its implementation plan.
    Table 2 lists the corresponding North American Industry 
Classification System (NAICS) codes for the source categories listed in 
Table 1 of this preamble.

            Table 2--NAICS for Potentially Regulated Entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          Industry                           NAICS Codes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fossil Fuel-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units..       327310
                                                              \a\ 921150
Portland Cement Manufacturing Plants.......................       327310
Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and                211
 Process Heaters...........................................          321
                                                                     322
                                                                     325
                                                                     324
                                                               316, 326,
                                                                     339
                                                                     331
                                                                     332
                                                                     336
                                                                     221
                                                                     622
                                                                     611
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Industry in Indian Country.

    Tables 1 and 2 are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather they 
provide a guide for readers regarding entities potentially affected by 
this action. If you have any questions regarding the potential 
applicability of PS 18 and test procedures (Procedure 6) to a 
particular entity, consult the person listed in the FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT section.

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was, 
therefore, not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    This action does not impose an information collection burden under 
the PRA. These quality assurance procedures do not add information 
collection requirements beyond those currently required under the 
applicable regulations.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This 
action will not impose any requirements on small entities. This action 
makes minor technical correction and adds clarification in PS 18 and 
Procedure 6 and does not impose additional regulatory requirements on 
sources.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain any unfunded mandate of $100 million 
or more as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. Rules establishing 
quality assurance requirements impose no costs independent from 
national emission standards which require their use, and such costs are 
fully reflected in the regulatory impact assessment for those emission 
standards.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have 
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between 
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. This action adds additional language that 
clarifies several aspects for the performance standard and procedure 
and corrects some minor technical errors, but does not change the 
requirements for conducting the test

[[Page 31579]]

method. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    The EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks 
that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect 
children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in 
section 2-202 of the Executive Order. This action is not subject to 
Executive Order 13045 because it does not concern an environmental 
health risk or safety risk.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 because it is 
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

    This rulemaking does not involve technical standards.

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    The EPA believes the human health or environmental risk addressed 
by this action will not have potential disproportionately high and 
adverse human health or environmental effects on minority, low-income 
or indigenous populations. This action does not relax the control 
measures on sources regulated by the rule and, therefore, will not 
cause emissions increases from these sources.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Continuous emission monitoring systems, Hydrogen 
chloride, Performance specifications, Test methods and procedures.

    Dated: May 2, 2016.
Gina McCarthy,
Administrator.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental 
Protection Agency proposes to amend title 40, chapter I, of the Code of 
Federal Regulations as follows:

PART 60--STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

0
1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

0
2. In appendix B to part 60, Performance Specification 18:
0
a. Revise Sections 3.1 through 3.23, 11.5.6.5, 11.8.6.2, 12.1, 12.2 and 
12.4.4;
0
b. Add Sections 3.24, 3.25, and 12.2.1; and
0
c. Revise Section 11.2.3 in appendix A of Performance Specification 18.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Appendix B to Part 60--Performance Specifications

* * * * *
    Performance Specification 18-Performance Specifications and Test 
Procedures for Gaseous Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) Continuous Emission 
Monitoring Systems at Stationary Sources
* * * * *

3.0 Definitions

    3.1 Beam attenuation is the reduction in electromagnetic 
radiation (light) throughput from the maximum beam intensity 
experienced during site specific CEMS operation.
    3.2 Beam intensity is the electromagnetic radiation (light) 
throughput for an IP-CEMS instrument measured following 
manufacturers specifications.
    3.3 Calibration cell means a gas containment cell used with 
cross stack or integrated path (IP) CEMS for calibration and to 
perform many of the test procedures required by this performance 
specification. The cell may be a removable sealed cell or an 
evacuated and/or purged cell capable of exchanging reference and 
other calibration gases as well as zero gas standards. When charged, 
it contains a known concentration of HCl and/or interference gases. 
The calibration cell is filled with zero gas or removed from the 
optical path during stack gas measurement.
    3.4 Calibration drift (CD) means the absolute value of the 
difference between the CEMS output response and an upscale reference 
gas or a zero-level gas, expressed as a percentage of the span 
value, when the CEMS is challenged after a stated period of 
operation during which no unscheduled adjustments, maintenance or 
repairs took place.
    3.5 Centroidal area means a central area that is geometrically 
similar to the stack or duct cross section and is no greater than 10 
percent of the stack or duct cross-sectional area.
    3.6 Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) means the total 
equipment required to measure the pollutant concentration or 
emission rate continuously. The system generally consists of the 
following three major subsystems:
    3.6.1 Sample interface means that portion of the CEMS used for 
one or more of the following: Sample acquisition, sample transport, 
sample conditioning, defining the optical measurement path, and 
protection of the monitor from the effects of the stack effluent.
    3.6.2 HCl analyzer means that portion of the HCl CEMS that 
measures the total vapor phase HCl concentration and generates a 
proportional output.
    3.6.3 Data recorder means that portion of the CEMS that provides 
a permanent electronic record of the analyzer output. The data 
recorder may record other pertinent data such as effluent flow 
rates, various instrument temperatures or abnormal CEMS operation. 
The data recorder may also include automatic data reduction 
capabilities and CEMS control capabilities.
    3.7 Diluent gas means a major gaseous constituent in a gaseous 
pollutant mixture. For combustion sources, either carbon dioxide 
(CO2) or oxygen (O2) or a combination of these 
two gases are the major gaseous diluents of interest.
    3.8 Dynamic spiking (DS) means the procedure where a known 
concentration of HCl gas is injected into the probe sample gas 
stream for extractive CEMS at a known flow rate to assess the 
performance of the measurement system in the presence of potential 
interference from the flue gas sample matrix.
    3.9 Independent measurement(s) means the series of CEMS data 
values taken during sample gas analysis separated by two times the 
procedure specific response time (RT) of the CEMS.
    3.10 Integrated path CEMS (IP-CEMS) means an in-situ CEMS that 
measures the gas concentration along an optical path in the stack or 
duct cross section.
    3.11 Interference means a compound or material in the sample 
matrix other than HCl whose characteristics may bias the CEMS 
measurement (positively or negatively). The interference may not 
prevent the sample measurement, but could increase the analytical 
uncertainty in the measured HCl concentration through reaction with 
HCl or by changing the electronic signal generated during HCl 
measurement.
    3.12 Interference test means the test to detect CEMS responses 
to interferences that are not adequately accounted for in the 
calibration procedure and may cause measurement bias.
    3.13 Level of detection (LOD) means the lowest level of 
pollutant that the CEMS can detect in the presence of the source gas 
matrix interferents with 99 percent confidence.
    3.14 Liquid evaporative standard means a reference gas produced 
by vaporizing National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 
traceable liquid standards of known HCl concentration and 
quantitatively diluting the resultant vapor with a carrier gas.
    3.15 Measurement error (ME) is the mean difference between the 
concentration measured by the CEMS and the known concentration of a 
reference gas standard, divided by the span, when the entire CEMS, 
including the sampling interface, is challenged.

[[Page 31580]]

    3.16 Optical path means the route light travels from the light 
source to the receiver used to make sample measurements.
    3.17 Path length means, for an extractive optical CEMS, the 
distance in meters of the optical path within a gas measurement 
cell. For an IP-CEMS, path length means the distance in meters of 
the optical path that passes through the source gas in the stack or 
duct.
    3.18 Point CEMS means a CEMS that measures the source gas 
concentration, either at a single point at the sampling probe tip or 
over a path length for IP-CEMS less than 10 percent of the 
equivalent diameter of the stack or duct cross section.
    3.19 Stack pressure measurement device means a NIST-traceable 
gauge or monitor that measures absolute pressure and conforms to the 
design requirements of ASME B40.100-2010, ``Pressure Gauges and 
Gauge Attachments'' (incorporated by reference--see Sec.  60.17).
    3.20 Reference gas standard means a NIST-traceable gas standard 
containing a known concentration of HCl certified in accordance with 
an EPA traceability protocol in section 7.1 of this PS.
    3.21 Relative accuracy (RA) means the absolute mean difference 
between the gas concentration or the emission rate determined by the 
CEMS and the value determined by the RM, plus the confidence 
coefficient of a series of nine test runs, divided by the average of 
the RM or the applicable emission standard.
    3.22 Response time (RT) means the time it takes for the 
measurement system, while operating normally at its target sample 
flow rate, dilution ratio, or data collection rate to respond to a 
known step change in gas concentration, either from a low- or zero-
level to a high-level gas concentration or from a high-level to a 
low or zero-level gas concentration, and to read 95 percent of the 
change to the stable instrument response. There may be several RTs 
for an instrument related to different functions or procedures 
(e.g., DS, LOD, and ME).
    3.23 Span value means an HCl concentration approximately equal 
to two times the concentration equivalent to the emission standard 
unless otherwise specified in the applicable regulation, permit or 
other requirement. Unless otherwise specified, the span may be 
rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5.
    3.24 Standard addition means the addition of known amounts of 
HCl gas (either statically or dynamically) to the actual measurement 
path or measured sample gas stream.
    3.25 Zero gas means a gas or liquid with an HCl concentration 
that is below the LOD of the measurement system.
* * * * *

11.0 Performance Specification Test Procedure

* * * * *
    11.5.6.5 If your system LOD field verification does not 
demonstrate a SAR greater than or equal to your initial controlled 
environment LOD, you must increase the SA concentration 
incrementally and repeat the field verification procedure until the 
SAR is equal to or greater than LOD. The site-specific standard 
addition detection level (SADL) is equal to the standard addition 
needed to achieve the acceptable SAR, and SADL replaces the 
controlled environment LOD. For extractive CEMS, the SADL is 
calculated as the ESA using Equation A7 in appendix A of this PS. 
For IP-CEMS, the SADL is the SA calculated using Equation A8 in 
appendix A of this PS. As described in section 13.1 of this PS, the 
LOD or the SADL that replaces an LOD must be less than 20 percent of 
the applicable emission limit.
* * * * *
    11.8.6.2 For IP-CEMS, you must include the source measurement 
optical path while performing the upscale CD measurement; you may 
exclude the source measurement optical path when determining the 
zero gas concentration. Calculate the CD for IP CEMS using equations 
4, 5, 6B, and 7 in section 12.4.
* * * * *

12.0 Calculations and Data Analysis

12.1 Nomenclature

Ci = Zero or HCl reference gas concentration used for 
test i (ppmv);
Ci,eff = Equivalent concentration of the reference gas 
value, Ci, at the specified conditions (ppmv);
CC = Confidence coefficient (ppmv);
CDextractive = Calibration drift for extractive CEMS 
(percent);
CDIP = Calibration drift for IP-CEMS (percent);
CD0 = Calibration drift at zero HCl concentrations for an 
IP-CEMS (percent);
davg = Mean difference between CEMS response and the 
reference gas (ppmv);
di = Difference of CEMS response and the RM value (ppmv);
I = Total interference from major matrix stack gases, (percent);
LSF = Line strength factor for IP-CEMS instrument specific 
correction for temperature and gas matrix effects derived from the 
HITRAN and/or manufacturer specific database (unitless);
[Delta]MCavg = Average of the 3 absolute values of the 
difference between the measured HCl calibration gas concentrations 
with and without interference from selected stack gases (ppmv);
MCi = Measured HCl reference gas concentration i (ppmv);
MC[iota] = Average of the measured HCl reference gas 
concentration i (ppmv);
MCint = Measured HCl concentration of the HCl reference 
gas plus the individual or combined interference gases (ppmv);
MEextractive = Measurement error for extractive CEMS 
(percent);
MEIP = Measurement error for IP-CEMS (percent);
MNavg = Average concentration at all sampling points 
(ppmv);
MNbi = Measured native concentration bracketing each 
calibration check measurement (ppmv);
MNi = Measured native concentration for test or run I 
(ppmv);
n = Number of measurements in an average value;
Pstack = Absolute stack pressure (mm Hg)
Preference = Absolute pressure of the calibration cell 
for IP-CEMS (mm Hg)
PLCell = Path length of IP-CEMS calibration cell (m);
PLStack = Path length of IP-CEMS stack optical path (m);
RA = Relative accuracy of CEMS compared to a RM (percent);
RMi = RM concentration for test run i (ppmv);
RMavg = Mean measured RM value (ppmv);
S = Span value (ppmv);
Sd = Standard deviation of the differences (ppmv);
Sti = Stratification at traverse point i (percent);
SADL = Standard addition detection level (ppmv);
t0.975 = One-sided t-value at the 97.5th percentile 
obtained from Table 5 in section 17.0 for n-1 measurements;
Treference = Temperature of the calibration cell for IP-
CEMS (degrees Kelvin);
Tstack = Temperature of the stack at the monitoring 
location for IP-CEM (degrees Kelvin).

12.2  Calculate the Difference Between the Measured HCl 
Concentration With and Without Interferents for Each Interference 
Gas (or Mixture) for Your CEMS as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP19MY16.029

    Calculate the total percent interference as:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP19MY16.030
    

[[Page 31581]]


    12.2.1 Calculate the equivalent concentration Ci,eff 
using Equation 4: 
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP19MY16.031

* * * * *
    12.4.4 Calculate the zero CD as a percent of span for an IP-CEMS 
as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP19MY16.032

* * * * *

PS-18 Appendix A Standard Addition Procedures

* * * * *

11.0 Calculations and Data Analysis. * * *

* * * * *
    11.2.3 If you determine your spike dilution factor using an 
independent stable tracer that is present in the native source 
emissions, calculate the dilution factor for dynamic spiking using 
equation A3:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP19MY16.033

* * * * *
0
3. In appendix F to part 60, revise Sections 4.1.5, 4.1.5.1, 4.1.5.3, 
and 5.2.4.2 in Procedure 6 to read as follows:

Appendix F to Part 60--Quality Assurance Procedures

* * * * *
    Procedure 6. Quality Assurance Requirements for Gaseous Hyrogen 
Chloride (HCl) Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems Used for 
Compliance Determination at Stationary Sources
* * * * *

4.0 Daily Data Quality Assurance Requirements and Measurement 
Standardization Procedures

* * * * *
    4.1.5 Additional Quality Assurance for Data above Span. Unless 
otherwise specified in an applicable rule or permit, this procedure 
must be used to assure data quality and may be used when significant 
data above span is being collected.
    4.1.5.1 Any time the average measured concentration of HCl 
exceeds 150 percent of the span value for two consecutive 1-hour 
averages, conduct the following `above span' CEMS response check.
* * * * *
    4.1.5.3 Unless otherwise specified in an applicable rule or 
permit, if the `above span' response check is conducted during the 
period when measured emissions are above span and there is a failure 
to collect at least one data point in an hour due to the response 
check duration, then determine the emissions average for that missed 
hour as the average of hourly averages for the hour preceding the 
missed hour and the hour following the missed hour
* * * * *

5.0 Data Accuracy Assessment

* * * * *
    5.2.4.2 Calculate results as described in section 6.4. To 
determine CEMS accuaracy you must calculate the dynamic spiking 
error (DSE) for each of the two upscale audit gases using equation 
A5 in appendix A to PS-18 and Equation 6-3 in section 6.4 of 
Procedure 6 appendix B to this part.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2016-10990 Filed 5-18-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


