9/18/06

MEMORANDUM

FROM:  Larry Sorrels

	    U.S. EPA/OAQPS/HEID/ABCG

TO:	    Neal Fann

	    U.S. EPA/OAQPS/HEID/ABCG

SUBJECT:	Control Measures Changes to AirControlNET 4.1 As Part of
Control Measures Validation Review

	This memorandum provides a detailed listing of the changes to
AirControlNET 4.1 resulting from a review of the control measures data
that occurred between February 1, 2006 and April 1, 2006.  These
revisions occurred as a result of extensive review of the
AirControlNET’s PM2.5, PM10, SO2,, and NOx control measures by control
measure experts in OAQPS, OPAR, and other offices in EPA.  All of these
revisions were included in AirControlNET 4.1 as of April 11, 2006 for
use in the final PM2.5 NAAQS RIA control strategy analyses, and the
control measures documentation report for that version of AirControlNET
reflects all of these changes. 

Revisions to Control Measures Already in AirControlNET 4.1 

Correct the commercial cooking control measure - catalytic oxidizer - to
only 10% of the emissions in Source Classification Code (SCC)
2302002000.   To make this adjustment, change the rule penetration to
10% from 100%.  No other data for this measure shall be changed.

Correct the residential wood stove control measure - changeout to an
NSPS-compliant wood stove - to have a rule penetration of 10% from the
current 100%.   No other data for this measure shall be changed.

Add organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) control efficiencies
to the IMF (increased monitoring frequency) and continuous emission
monitoring (CEM)s upgrade control measures.   These control efficiencies
will be identical to the PM10 and PM2.5 efficiencies currently there
(6.5% and 7.7%), respectively.    It will also be made clear that these
controls can only be applied to sources that already have an
electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or baghouse (fabric filter)  installed.
 No other data for this measure will change. 

P. III-1229 – Remove the following from the list of affected SCCs for
the Wood Pulp and Paper source category/Dry ESP-Wire Plate Type control
measure combination:

30700101

30700102

30700105

30700118

30700121

30700122

30700199

P. III-1232 – Remove the following from the list of affected SCCs for
the Wood Pulp and Paper source category/Wet ESP-Wire Plate Type control
measure combination:

30700101

30700102

30700105

30700118

30700121

30700122

30700199

P. III-1278 – Remove SCC 30700106 from the list of affected SCCs for
the Pulp and Paper Industry (Sulfate Pulping) source category /Flue Gas
Desulfurization control measure combination.

P. III-1128 – Remove SCCs 30300515, 30300516, and 30300519 from the
list of affected SCCs for the Non-Ferrous Metal Processing – Copper
source category/Fabric Filter control measure combination and the
combination of this source category with ESPs (all types).  

For all Asphalt Manufacture source category/Fabric Filter (any type)
control measure combinations, remove the following SCCs from the
affected list:  30500101, 30500102, 30500103, 30500105, 30500106,
30500108, 30500110, 30500111, 30500117, 30500290.  The first of these
combinations is on p. III-635.   

6) Remove the Lime Kilns source category/SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic
Reduction) and Lime Kilns/SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) control
measure combinations.  AirControlNET 4.1 shall not have any
post-combustion control on NOx from this source category.  The first of
these combinations is on p. III-377.  

7)   Mineral Products – coal cleaning

Delete all add-on controls (all Fabric filters, ESPs, venturi scrubber)
for

30501008

30501009

30501011

30501015

30501016

30501021

30501022

30501023

30501024

30501030

30501031

30501032

30501033

30501036

30501037

30501038

30501039

30501040

30501041

30501043

30501044

30501045

30501046

30501047

30501049

30501050

30501051

30501090

30501099 

8)  Fabricated metal products – welding

Donna Lee Jones of OAQPS/SPPD recommends following control options for
fabricated metal products – welding SCCs 30900501 and 30904001.  

* FF- cartridge type 25% control

* total enclosure and FF-cartridge type 99%

* hood and FF –cart 98%

* fume gun 75%

* pulse current 50%

Please include these measures and flag them in AirControlNET due to
their being no cost data for them. 

Mineral Products – Stone Quarrying & Processing 

Please remove the applicability of dry ESPs and baghouses to the
following SCCs (p. III-1080, 1084, 1088, 1092, 1096, 1100, and
III-1104):

30502008

30502009

30502010

30502011

30502017

30502020

With this change in applicability, the IMF and CEM upgrade/IMF
applicability to these SCCs shall also be removed. 

Mineral Products Industry (p. III-1264)

Please remove the applicability of FGD (flue gas desulfurization)
scrubbers to the following SCCs:  

30500612

30599999

Mineral Products – Cement Manufacture

Please remove the applicability of fabric filters (any type) to the
following SCCs:

30500607

30500608

30500615

30500619

30500699

30500707

30500708

30500719

30500799

For dry ESP – Wire Plate Type applied to Mineral Products – Cement
Manufacture, please remove the applicability to these SCCs:

30500607

30500608

30500609

30500610

30500611

30500612

30500613

30500615

30500616

30500617

30500618

30500619

30500624

30500699

30500707

30500708

30500709

30500710

30500712

30500714

30500716

30500717

30500718

30500719

30500719

30500799

12) For Mineral Products – Cement Manufacture, Paper/Nonwoven Filters
(p. III-987) please remove the applicability to these SCCs:

30500608

30500615

30500619

30500699

30500708

30500799

13) For Mineral Products – Cement Manufacture, Paper/Nonwoven Filters
(p. III-987) please remove the applicability to these SCCs:

30500608

30500615

30500619

30500699

30500708

30500719

30500799

For Fabric Filter – any type at Ferrous Metals Processing – Coke,
please remove the applicability to these SCCs:  

30300302

30300304

30300308

30300334

30300401

For Venturi Scrubber applied to Ferrous Metal Processing – Coke,
please remove the applicability to these SCCs:

30300302

30300304

30300308

16) 	For Vacuum Carbonate + Sulfur Recovery Plant applied to By-Product
Coke Manufacturing (p. III-1248), please make this control measure
applicable only to SCC 30300306.  Also, change the control efficiency to
90% from 82%.  	 

For FGD  scrubbers applied in the Petroleum Industry (p. III-1267),
please remove the applicability to these SCCs;

30600101

30600103

30600104

30600105

30600106

30600202

30600301

30600401

30600504

30600805

30600903

30600904

30600999

30601001

30601401

30609903

30609904

Remove FGD scrubber’s applicability to Sulfur Recovery Plants –
Elemental Sulfur (p. III-1302) and Sulfur Recovery Plants – Sulfur
Removal (p. III-1304) from the control measures database.  

Remove the IMF of PM Controls as well as the CEM Upgrade and IMF of PM
Controls measure’s applicability to the following source categories:  

Commercial Institutional Boilers – Liquid Waste

Industrial Boilers – Liquid Waste

Commercial Institutional Boilers – LPG

Industrial Boilers - LPG

Commercial Institutional Boilers – Natural Gas

Industrial Boilers – Natural Gas

Commercial Institutional Boilers – Process Gas

Industrial Boilers – Process Gas

For Commercial Institutional Boilers – Oil , remove the applicability
of Dry ESP – Wire Plate Type to SCC 10300501

For Commercial Institutional Boilers – Oil, remove the applicability
of IMF of PM Controls and CEM Upgrade and IMF of PM Controls to SCC
103005

For Fabric Filter (Pulse Jet Type) applied to Commercial Institutional
Boilers – Wood/Bark, change the control efficiency to 80%.  This
change is based on AP-42 emission factors for these sources.  

For Dry ESP – Wire Plate Type applied to Commercial Institutional
Boilers – Wood/Bark, change the control efficiency for both PM10 and
PM2.5 to 90%.  This change is based on AP-42 emission factors for these
sources.

For Commercial Institutional Boilers – Wood/Bark, change the control
efficiency of fabric filters (any type) to 80% for both PM10 and PM2.5. 
This change is based on AP-42 emission factors for these sources.

For Industrial Boilers – Oil, remove the applicability of IMF of PM
Controls and CEM Upgrade and IMF of PM Controls to SCC 102005.

For FGD (both dry and wet) scrubbers applied to Bituminous/Subbituminous
Coal, remove the applicability to SCC 10300217.   Also, make the same
change for Spray Dryer Absorber’ and applicability to the same source
category.   

For Distillate Oil (Industrial Boilers), remove the applicability of Wet
FGD scrubbers entirely to this source category.

Control Measures Added to AirControlNET 4.1 

Area Source SO2 Control Measure. 

This measure will be a switch from high-sulfur (2,500 ppm sulfur
content) to low-sulfur (500 ppm) home heating oil for residential users.
 Resulting control efficiencies are as follows:  

75% - SO2

80% - PM10 and PM2.5

10% - NOx

Note:  there are no OC and EC control efficiencies with this measure.  

The resulting costs are 1.5 cents/gallon.  Presuming a density of 0.8
for home heating oil (HHO), 1 gallon = 0.8*8 = 6.4 lbs of oil.  The
costs in dollars per ton annually is thus (2000/6.4)*0.015 =  $4.70/ton
of HHO *(1 ton of oil/0.02 percent of sulfur/ton of oil) = 4.70 * 500 =
$2,350/ton sulfur in HHO.  Given that reduction of 1 part sulfur in HHO
is equal to 1 part SO2 emissions, then we can say that the cost per ton
of SO2 reduction due to this switch to home heating oil is also $2,350. 
 Note: the study from which this data is taken states there is a 1:1
relationship between fuel sulfur contention reduction and SO2 emissions
reduction.   

The cost for this measure in AirControlNET shall be $2,350/ton of SO2
emissions reduction (2002$).   

In addition, there is some evidence of reductions in maintenance costs
for residential users due to reduced fouling of heating equipment and
reduced cleaning.   The costs have not been adjusted for these
reductions.   Please note this in the new at-a-glance table for this
measure.  

The SCC this control measure applies to:  2104004000 (Stationary Source
Fuel Combustion – Residential - Distillate Oil).  

Source:     Low Sulfur Heating Oil in the Northeast States:  An Overview
of Benefits, Costs, and Implementation Issues.  NESCAUM, Boston, MA. 
December 2005.  

Area and Point Non-EGU PM Control Measures

ESP for Commercial Cooking or "Smog-Hog".   Applied to Underfired
Charbroilers.   This control is to be applied to all commercial cooking
category SCCs, but with a rule penetration of only 18.75% (equal to 75%
of all commercial cooking emissions with application to 25% of this
amount of emissions).   

The capital cost of this control:   $38,500 (range of capital costs from
$2,000 - 75,000).  

Annualized capital costs:  $5,482.    Equipment life of the control is
10 years, and costs are annualized at 7%. 

O&M costs:  $500.   

Total annualized costs:  $5,982. 

Control efficiency:  99% of PM2.5  and PM10.  OC and EC reductions are
presumed to be identical to the PM reductions.  

Plant-Specific PM2.5 Control Measure Applications

Below in Table 1 is a list of control measures that exist on PM2.5 point
sources likely to be impacted control strategies associated with direct
PM reductions in areas that our air quality modeling has shown to be
nonattainment.   

Table 1.  New PM2.5 Control Measures – for Various Iron and Steel Mill
Emissions Points

Source Category	SCCs to be controlled	PM2.5 Control measure/percent
control	Plants to apply control measure to within SCCs	Costs (1999$)

Blast Furnace Casthouse	30300825	Install capture hoods vented to a
baghouse (85% reduction, range of control efficiencies is 80 -90%)	AK
Steel, Butler co., Ohio (Plant ID: 1409010006)	This control already
installed April 2005, thus no additional control

	“

AK Steel, Ashland, KY (Plant ID:  2101900005)	Capital: $5.32 million;
Annualized:  $1.2 million*

	“

LTV (now Mittal), Cleveland, OH	“

	“

LTV (now Mittal), East Chicago, IN	“

	“	For this plant, apply control to 25% of emissions 	U.S. Steel,
Gary, IN (Plant ID:  00121)	“

	30300824

Weirton Steel, Hancock Co., WV (Plant ID:  00001)	“

	30300825

Rouge Steel (now Severstal), Wayne Co., MI (Plant ID: A8640)	None
(control already planned)

	30300825

Bethlehem (now Mittai) Steel, Porter Co., IN (Plant ID:  00001)	None
(expected control due to MACT standard)

	30300825	For Republic Technologies, Lorain, OH apply control to 50% of
emissions	Republic Technologies, Lorain, OH	“

Blast Open Furnace (BOF)- open hoods	30300913	Dedicated secondary
capture and control system (use 85% as best estimate of control
efficiency, range from 80-90%)	AK Steel, Butler co., Ohio (Plant ID:
1409010006)	None (Control already installed)

	“

Rouge Steel (now Severstal), Wayne Co., MI (Plant ID: A8640)	None
(Control already installed)

	“

Bethelehem (now Mittai) Steel, Porter Co., IN (Plant ID:  00001)	Capital
cost:  $12.7 million, 

Annualized cost:  $1.7 million*

	“

Bethelehem (now Mittai) Steel, Sparrows Point, MD (Plant ID:  0147)	“

	“

LTV (now Mittal), Cleveland, OH	“

	“

LTV (now Mittal), East Chicago, IN	“

	“

National Steel (now U.S. Steel), Granite City, IL (Plant ID:  119813AAI)

	“

	“	Apply control to half of emissions at Gary, IN plant	U.S. Steel,
Gary, IN (Plant ID: 00121)	“



	Republic Technologies, Lorain, OH	“

	“

WCI Steel, Warren, OH (Plant ID:  0278000463)	“

	“

Weirton Steel, Hancock Co., WV (Plant ID:  0001)	“

	“

Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Mingo Junction, OH (Plant ID:  0641090010)	“

Sinter Cooler	30300817	99%	Assume for all plants in this SCC	$5,000 per
ton PM2.5  reduction

* Based on 7% interest rate and 20 year equipment life.

cc: Tim Smith, US EPA/OAQPS/AQPD/GSG

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