Evaporative
Emission
Control
for
Gasoline
Boat
Fuel
Systems
Mike
Samulski
U.
S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
International
Boatbuilders'

Exhibition
&
Conference
October
20,
2005
2
Evaporative
Emissions
from
Boats
Refueling
and
spillage
Diurnal,
hot
soak,
and
running
loss
Permeation
through
fuel
tank
and
hoses
3
EPA's
Role

Clean
Air
Act
(
amended
1990)

 
section
213
applies
to
nonroad
engines/
equipment
 
"
...
greatest
degree
of
emission
reduction
achievable
through
the
application
of
technology..."

 
consider
cost,
lead
time,
safety,
energy

Past
Efforts
 
implemented
exhaust
emission
standards
for
the
majority
of
nonroad
engines
 
evaporative
emission
standards
for
some
applications

recreational
vehicles,
Large
SI
(>
25
hp)

 
originally
proposed
evaporative
emission
standards
for
marine
in
August
2002,
but
have
not
finalized
4
Rulemaking
Plans

Scope
 
exhaust
and
evaporative
emissions
 
gasoline­
powered
engines/
vessels
 
build
on
2002
NPRM

Schedule
 
anticipate
proposal
this
spring
 
final
rule
~
1
year
later

Marine
Evaporative
Emissions
 
tank
permeation
 
hose
permeation
 
diurnal
breathing
losses
5
Rulemaking
Process

gather
information

meet
with
stakeholders
Pre­
Proposal
NPRM
Public
Comment
Implement
FRM

public
hearing

written
comment
period

publish
"
Notice
of
Proposed
Rulemaking"


publish
"
Final
Rulemaking"

lead
time

certification
6
Tank
Permeation
Control

High
Density
Polyethylene
(
HDPE)

 
portable,
PWC,
and
some
installed
fuel
tanks
 
fluorination,
sulfonation,
Selar,
multi­
layer,

alternative
materials

Cross­
Link
PE
 
installed
fuel
tanks
(
low
volume
production)

 
barrier
coating,
multi­
layer
roto­
molding,

alternative
materials,
alternative
constructions

Fiberglass
 
built­
in
installed
fuel
tanks
 
multi­
layer
construction

(
Metal
does
not
permeate)
7
Hose
Permeation
Control

Multi­
layer
fuel
hose
 
barriers
used
today
in
non­
marine
applications
(
Teflon,
THV,
FKM,
etc.)

 
marine
barrier
hose
available
as
well
 
can
add
barriers
to
current
marine
constructions
 
>
95%
reduction
in
permeation
possible

Evaluating
contribution
of
vapor
versus
fuel
hose
rubber
barrier
layer
cover
reinforcement
8
Diurnal
Breathing
Loss
Control

Portable
fuel
tanks
 
currently
have
manual
seal
without
pressure
relief
 
could
use
self
sealing
caps
(
1
way
valve)


PWC
 
already
have
sealed
systems
with
pressure
relief
valves
 
1
psi
~
50%
reduction
in­
use
from
an
open
system

Larger
fuel
tanks
 
carbon
canister
in
vent
line

>
60%
reduction
with
passive
purge

negligible
back­
pressure
 
other
technologies
include

bladder
fuel
tanks

active
purge
canisters
9
Other
Evaporative
Emissions

Venting
emissions
 
running
loss,
hot
soak,
effusion
 
also
reduced
somewhat
by
diurnal
control
systems

Refueling
emissions
 
vapor
displacement
 
spillage

both
air
and
water
pollution
issue

could
be
reduced
through
fuel
system
design

configure
fill
neck
for
fuel
shut­
off
before
overflow

valve
to
prevent
liquid
fuel
from
entering
vent
line
10
Questions?
Mike
Samulski
samulski.
michael@
epa.
gov
www.
epa.
gov/
otaq/
marinesi.
htm
