TO:	EPA Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0146

		

FROM:	Bob Lucas, EPA/SPPD 

DATE:	August 6, 2007

SUBJECT:	Average Refinery Stream Composition 

I.	Purpose

This memorandum documents the overall average refinery waste stream
compositions used in estimating the impacts of various control options
considered for petroleum refineries. 

II.	Average Refinery Stream Compositions

During the development of 40 CRF part 63, subpart CC (commonly referred
to as Refinery MACT 1), average waste stream composition data were
collected.  These data are summarized in a memorandum in a letter for
Patrick Murphy to James Durham (Murphy, 1993).  The average individual
process stream compositions as reported by Murphy are reproduced in
Table 1 of this memorandum.  However, in Table 1 we report a different
overall average refinery process stream composition.  The overall
average composition developed by Murphy used a direct arithmetic average
concentration of the reported streams.  However, alkylate production,
for example, is only a small fraction of the crude throughput.  In the
current analysis, production and capacity data from the EIA (EIA, 2006a
and 2006b) were used to develop an overall, weighted-average
composition.  Since production and capacity data were reported on a
volume basis (e.g., barrels per day) and the concentrations were
reported on a mass basis (i.e., weight percent) the density of the
streams were used to develop a mass weighted-average concentration for
the petroleum refinery process streams.  The data used to estimate the
weighted-average concentrations as well as the results of this
calculation are presented in Table 1.

III.	References

EIA. 2006a. Petroleum Supply Annual 2005. Prepared by the Energy
Information Administration, Washington, DC. October 23.

EIA. 2006b. Refinery Capacity Report 2006. Prepared by the Energy
Information Administration, Washington, DC. June 15.  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r
1 

Murphy, P.  1993.  Letter from P. Murphy (Radian) to J. Durham (EPA).  
Average Weight Percent HAPs in Refinery Streams.  Providing emission
estimates for Petroleum Refinery MACT I (Subpart CC).  August 10, 1993.



Table 1.  Average Petroleum Refinery Stream Compositions

	Concentration of Refinery Process Stream (wt %)1	Calculated Weighted
Average Conc.  (wt %)

	Gasoline	Alkylate	Crude oil	Reformate	Naphtha

	HAP	Liquid	Vapor	Liquid	Vapor	Liquid	Vapor	Liquid	Vapor	Liquid	Vapor
Liquid	Vapor

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane	4.72	0.953	35.4	9.4	0.263	0.247	1.36	0.509	0.799
0.355	2.457	0.707

Benzene	1.61	0.626	0.118	0.061	0.446	0.807	4.61	3.32	1.244	1.06	1.212
1.024

Biphenyl	0.01	0	0	0	0.061	0.00002	0.025	0	0	0	0.037	0.000

Cresols	0.789	0.00065	0	0	0.218	0.0008	0.141	0.0002	0.0191	0.00003	0.315
0.001

Cumene	0.849	0.01565	0.004	0.0001	0.126	0.0108	0.968	0.033	0.91	0.0368
0.460	0.017

Ethylbenzene	1.605	0.0631	0.011	0.0006	0.346	0.0633	3.73	0.272	1.366
0.118	1.079	0.088

Hexane	7.138	4.428	3.22	2.63	2.46	7.11	3.9	4.48	7.53	10.27	4.260	6.440

Methyl tertiary butyl ether	3.54	3.62	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.821	0.839

Naphthalene	0.444	0.0006	0.012	0.00002	0.219	0.00125	0.798	0.0018	0.399
0.0011	0.343	0.001

Phenol	0.0551	0.0001	0	0	0.323	0.0031	0.0276	0.0001	0.066	0.0003	0.194
0.002

Styrene	3.528	0.0882	0	0	0	0	0.0907	0.0042	0	0	0.827	0.021

Toluene	7.21	0.842	0.503	0.077	0.878	0.477	14.54	3.14	5.05	1.295	4.161
0.907

Xylene	7.17	0.235	0.0212	0.0009	1.42	0.216	13.79	0.8367	5.49	0.395	4.398
0.296

Total Organic HAP	38.67	10.87	39.29	12.17	6.76	8.94	43.98	12.60	22.87
13.53	20.56	10.34





























Density2	0.74

0.692

0.88

0.79

0.79



	EIA Petroleum Annual 2006 (2005 data), bbl/cd3	7901893



15220088







	EIA Refinery Capacity Report 2006, bbl/sd4

	1238479

18307502

3859070





	Calculated stream day capacity utilization5



	0.83136







	Calculated Production, bbl/cd (bbl/sd×0.83136)

	1029619



3208269

3461132



	Weighting Factor Used6	0.4366	 	0.0532	 	1	 	0.1892	 	0.2041



	1Source of individual process stream concentration data:  letter from
Patrick Murphy (Radian) to James Durham (EPA), August 10, 1993

2Gasoline and naphtha densities from product MSDS sheets; alkylate
density assumed to be density of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane; reformate
density assumed equal to naphtha; crude density based on mid-range of
medium crude (API gravity of 30 degrees API).

3Gasoline production is net production of Finished Motor Gasoline from
Table 18 minus net inputs of Motor Gasoline Blending Components from
Table 17 of EPA, 2006a; crude throughput from net inputs in Table 17 of
EPA, 2006a.

4Capacity data for crude distillation, alkylation, and catalytic
reforming units reported in EPA 2006b.

5Stream day to actual calendar day capacity utilization factor based on
crude throughput data:  15,220,088/18,307,502 = 0.83136.

6Weighting factor = (Stream Production (bb/cd) × Stream Density) /
(Crude Production (bbl/cd) × Crude Density).

Technical Memorandum – Storage Vessels:  Control Options and Impact
Estimates

July 27, 2007

Page   PAGE  3 

Technical Memorandum

Technical Memorandum – Average Refinery Stream Composition

August 6, 2007

Page   PAGE  2 

