From:
Kissell.
Mary@
epamail.
epa.
gov
[
mailto:
Kissell.
Mary@
epamail.
epa.
gov]
Sent:
Wednesday,
February
11,
2004
4:
29
PM
To:
Edmond_
Toy@
omb.
eop.
gov
Cc:
Jenkins.
Scott@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Guinnup.
Dave@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Hustvedt.
Ken@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Durkee.
Stan@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Chamberlin.
Johnb@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Johnson.
Ann@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Talcott.
Fred@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Mitchell.
Ken@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Throwe.
Scott@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
thrift.
mike@
epamail.
epa.
gov;
Clemons.
Teresa@
epamail.
epa.
gov
Subject:
lookup
table
memo
­
Here
is
the
memo
describing
development
of
the
lookup
tables
for
plywood.
Please
address
questions
to
Scott
Jenkins
at
jenkins.
scott@
epa.
gov
or
(
919)
541­
1167.
Thanks.
Scott
(
See
attached
file:
lookup
table
memo.
wpd)
Draft
UNITED
STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
OFFICE
OF
AIR
QUALITY
PLANNING
AND
STANDARDS
EMISSION
STANDARDS
DIVISION
RESEARCH
TRIANGLE
PARK,
NC
27711
Februray
9,
2004
TO:
Dave
Guinnup,
Leader
Risk
and
Exposure
Assessment
Group
(
C404­
01)

FROM:
Scott
Jenkins
Maria
Pimentel
Dennis
Pagano
Risk
and
Exposure
Assessment
Group
(
C404­
01)

SUBJECT:
Lookup
tables
development
for
the
plywood
and
composite
wood
products
(
PCWP)
source
category
Introduction
The
purpose
of
this
memo
is
to
describe
the
analysis
and
results
of
a
risk
approach
developed
for
the
plywood
and
composite
wood
products
(
PCWP)
source
category
by
which
a
specific
facility
could
establish
whether
or
not
its
chronic
risk
levels
could
be
considered
to
be
of
negligible
regulatory
concern.
In
addition,
this
application
can
be
used
to
evaluate
the
potential
development
of
a
low­
risk
subcategory
which
could
be
delisted
and
thereby
exempted
from
the
regulatory
process.

Methodology
The
analysis
was
based
on
data
from
emissions
associated
with
the
production
of
medium
density
fiberboard
(
MDF),
particleboard,
hardboard,
fiberboard,
oriented
strand
board
(
OSB),
softwood
plywood
and
veneer,
hardwood
plywood
and
veneer,
and
engineered
wood
products
(
EWP).

Lookup
tables
were
developed
to
provide
facilities
with
a
method
for
determining
whether
they
are
low­
risk
based
on
the
site
specific
HAP
emission
rates.
Separate
tables
were
developed
for
cancer
and
chronic
noncancer
risks.
Because
the
lookup
table
must
be
applicable
to
all
facilities
in
the
category,
each
with
different
meteorological
conditions,
the
EPA's
SCREEN3
(
ISAPI,
1995)
atmospheric
dispersion
model
was
utilized.

SCREEN3,
a
screening
level
Gaussian
dispersion
model
was
utilized
to
predict
worst­
case
1­
hour
concentrations
on
the
centerline
of
the
plume
downwind
from
a
source.
SCREEN3
calculated
the
ambient
concentration
per
g/
s
of
emissions
assuming
no
deposition
or
atmospheric
reactions.
Predicted
1­
hour
concentrations
from
SCREEN3
were
multiplied
by
0.08
to
generate
estimates
of
chronic
pollutant
concentration.
The
lookup
tables
did
not
consider
population
data,
facility
coordinates,
or
actual
facility
boundaries.
Thus,
facilities
not
qualifying
as
low
risk
based
on
the
lookup
table
might
still
qualify
as
low
risk
based
on
a
site­
specific
assessment.

Emissions
and
HAP
selection
information
for
the
PCWP
source
category
can
be
found
in
the
memo
from
February
6,
2004
titled
"
Risk
assessment
for
the
draft
maximum
achievable
control
Draft
3
technology
(
MACT)
rule
for
the
plywood
and
composite
wood
products
(
PCWP)
source
category"
from
Scott
Jenkins,
Maria
Pimentel,
and
Dennis
Pagano
to
Dave
Guinnup.
To
combine
emissions
of
different
HAP,
emission
rates
were
normalized
as
described
in
equations
1
(
carcinogens)
and
2
(
non­
carcinogens)
below.

TWCER
=

(
ERi
x
UREi/
UREr)
Eqn.
1
ERi
=
Emission
rate
of
pollutant
i,
pounds
per
year
(
lb/
yr)
UREi
=
Unit
risk
estimate
for
pollutant
i,(
µ
g/
m3)­
1
UREr
=
Unit
risk
estimate
for
reference
HAP,(
µ
g/
m3)­
1
TWCER
=
Toxicity­
weighted
carcinogenic
emission
rate,
(
lb/
yr)/(
µ
g/
m3)

TWNER
=

(
ERi
x(
RfCr/
RfCi)
Eqn.
2
ERi
=
Emission
rate
of
pollutant
i,
pounds
per
year
(
lb/
yr)
RfCi
=
Reference
concentration
for
pollutant
i,
milligrams
per
cubic
meter
(
µ
g/
m3)

RfCr
=
Reference
concentration
for
reference
HAP,(
µ
g/
m3)
TWNER
=
Toxicity­
weighted
non­
carcinogenic
emission
rate,
(
lb/
yr)/(
µ
g/
m3)

For
this
analysis
we
used
a
hypothetical
reference
compound
with
a
URE
of
1
(

g/
m3)­
1
and
an
RfC
of
1

g/
m3.
Values
for
UREs
and
RfCs
were
obtained
from
the
EPA's
website
at
www.
epa.
gov/
ttn/
atw/
toxsource/
summary.
html.

To
develop
the
lookup
table
for
HAPs
with
carcinogenic
potential,
SCREEN3
model
runs
were
conducted
using
worst­
case
meteorology
defaults,
local
flat
terrain,
and
a
single­
stack
facility
with
parameters
representing
average
conditions
across
the
PCWP
source
category:.
stack
diameter
=
1.7
meters;
exit
velocity
=
15.4
meters
per
second,
and;
exit
gas
temperature
=
316.5.
The
normalized
HAP
emission
rate
resulting
in
a
maximum
potential
offsite
individual
cancer
risk
equal
to
1
in
1
million
was
determined
for
each
combination
of
stack
height
and
fenceline
distance.
These
values
were
tabulated
in
the
cancer
lookup
table
(
see
appendix
A).

To
develop
the
noncancer
lookup
table,
SCREEN3
model
runs
were
conducted
similar
to
the
above,
except
that
the
average
facility
parameters
were
adjusted
downward
to
develop
lookup
table
values
which
would
ensure
that
any
facilities
determined
to
be
low
risk
by
the
chronic
noncancer
lookup
table
would
also
be
low
risk
for
acute
noncancer
effects,
as
determined
by
the
memo
referenced
above.
The
adjusted
facility
parameters
were:
stack
diameter
=
1.1
meters;
exit
gas
velocity
=
9.0
meters
per
second,
and;
exit
gas
temperature
=
293K.
The
normalized
HAP
emission
rates
resulting
in
a
maximum
potential
offsite
HI
value
equal
to
1.0
were
determined
for
each
combination
of
stack
height
and
fenceline
distance.
These
values
were
tabulated
in
the
noncancer
lookup
table
(
see
appendix
A).
Draft
4
In
a
subsequent
analysis,
we
determined
how
many
PCWP
facilities
might
qualify
as
low
risk
based
on
the
lookup
tables
we
developed.
For
this
analysis,
we
utilized
site­
specific
emissions
estimates
developed
for
each
individual
facility
in
the
source
category,
and
assumed
that
each
facility
operated
with
stacks
whose
average
stack
height
equaled
the
average
of
the
high
and
low
ends
of
the
stack
height
range
for
the
entire
category
based
on
available
engineering
data
(
17
m)
and
a
minimum
fenceline
distance
which
was
equal
to
200
m.
Thus,
our
conclusions
should
be
viewed
only
as
estimates;
the
actual
number
of
facilities
qualifying
as
low
risk
using
the
lookup
table
will
depend
on
the
values
of
the
site­
specific
average
stack
heights
and
fenceline
distances.

Results
and
Discussion
Table
1
shows
the
number
of
facilities
predicted
to
have
all
target­
organ
specific
HI
values
less
that
1.0
and
a
cancer
risk
less
that
1
in
one
million
based
on
the
lookup
table.
All
of
the
facilities
identified
as
low
risk
using
the
screening
tables
were
among
the
facilities
identified
as
low
risk
using
the
more
site­
specific
analysis
described
in
the
referenced
memo
(
attachment).
Additionally,
none
of
the
facilities
identified
as
"
high
risk"
in
the
site­
specific
analysis
were
identified
as
lowrisk
using
the
lookup
table.

Table
1
Predicted
Number
of
Low
Risk
Facilities
Using
Lookup
Table
Facilities
with
low
noncancer
risk
Facilities
with
low
cancer
risk
Facilities
with
both
low
cancer
and
noncancer
risk
41
109
36
Draft
5
Appendix
A.

Non­
Cancer
Plywood
Lookup
Table:

fenceline(
m)

Stack
ht.(
m)
0
50
100
150
200
250
500
1000
1500
2000
3000
5000
5
2.51E­
01
2.51E­
01
3.16E­
01
3.16E­
01
3.16E­
01
3.16E­
01
3.16E­
01
3.46E­
01
4.66E­
01
6.21E­
01
9.82E­
01
1.80E+
00
10
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.62E­
01
5.70E­
01
6.33E­
01
7.71E­
01
1.13E+
00
1.97E+
00
20
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.43E+
00
1.68E+
00
1.83E+
00
2.26E+
00
3.51E+
00
30
2.36E+
00
2.36E+
00
2.36E+
00
2.36E+
00
2.36E+
00
2.36E+
00
2.53E+
00
3.04E+
00
3.04E+
00
3.33E+
00
4.45E+
00
5.81E+
00
40
3.11E+
00
3.11E+
00
3.11E+
00
3.11E+
00
3.11E+
00
3.11E+
00
3.42E+
00
4.04E+
00
5.07E+
00
5.51E+
00
6.39E+
00
9.63E+
00
50
3.93E+
00
3.93E+
00
3.93E+
00
3.93E+
00
3.93E+
00
3.93E+
00
4.49E+
00
4.92E+
00
6.95E+
00
7.35E+
00
8.99E+
00
1.25E+
01
60
4.83E+
00
4.83E+
00
4.83E+
00
4.83E+
00
4.83E+
00
4.83E+
00
5.56E+
00
6.13E+
00
7.80E+
00
1.01E+
01
1.10E+
01
1.63E+
01
70
5.77E+
00
5.77E+
00
5.77E+
00
5.77E+
00
5.77E+
00
5.77E+
00
6.45E+
00
7.71E+
00
8.83E+
00
1.18E+
01
1.36E+
01
1.86E+
01
80
6.74E+
00
6.74E+
00
6.74E+
00
6.74E+
00
6.74E+
00
6.74E+
00
7.12E+
00
9.50E+
00
1.01E+
01
1.29E+
01
1.72E+
01
2.13E+
01
100
8.87E+
00
8.87E+
00
8.87E+
00
8.87E+
00
8.87E+
00
8.87E+
00
8.88E+
00
1.19E+
01
1.37E+
01
1.55E+
01
2.38E+
01
2.89E+
01
200
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
1.70E+
01
2.05E+
01
2.93E+
01
3.06E+
01
4.02E+
01
4.93E+
01
Cancer
Plywood
Lookup
table
fenceline(
m)

Stack
ht.(
m)
0
50
100
150
200
250
500
1000
1500
2000
3000
5000
5
8.72E­
07
8.72E­
07
8.72E­
07
9.63E­
07
1.25E­
06
1.51E­
06
2.66E­
06
4.25E­
06
4.39E­
06
4.39E­
06
4.39E­
06
5.00E­
06
10
2.47E­
06
2.47E­
06
2.47E­
06
2.47E­
06
2.47E­
06
2.61E­
06
3.58E­
06
5.03E­
06
5.89E­
06
5.89E­
06
5.89E­
06
6.16E­
06
20
5.81E­
06
5.81E­
06
5.81E­
06
5.81E­
06
5.81E­
06
5.81E­
06
5.90E­
06
7.39E­
06
8.90E­
06
9.97E­
06
9.97E­
06
1.12E­
05
30
7.74E­
06
7.74E­
06
7.74E­
06
7.74E­
06
7.74E­
06
7.74E­
06
8.28E­
06
9.49E­
06
1.17E­
05
1.35E­
05
1.55E­
05
1.61E­
05
40
9.20E­
06
9.20E­
06
9.20E­
06
9.20E­
06
9.20E­
06
9.20E­
06
9.24E­
06
1.17E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.51E­
05
1.98E­
05
2.22E­
05
50
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.02E­
05
1.36E­
05
1.53E­
05
1.66E­
05
2.37E­
05
2.95E­
05
60
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.13E­
05
1.53E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.85E­
05
2.51E­
05
3.45E­
05
70
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.23E­
05
1.72E­
05
2.04E­
05
2.06E­
05
2.66E­
05
4.07E­
05
80
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.34E­
05
1.92E­
05
2.15E­
05
2.31E­
05
2.82E­
05
4.34E­
05
100
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.52E­
05
1.97E­
05
2.40E­
05
2.79E­
05
3.17E­
05
4.49E­
05
200
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
1.76E­
05
2.06E­
05
2.94E­
05
3.24E­
05
4.03E­
05
5.04E­
05
