Europa
­
Public
Health
­
Risk
Assessment
­
Scientific
committees
­
Toxicity,
Eco
toxicity
and
the
Environment
­
Opinion
English
EUROPA
>
European
Commission
>
Public
Health
Contact
|
Search
What's
new?
|
Subscribe
|
Site
map
|
Index
Overview
of
Health
policyProgramme
2003­
2008Health
InformationThreats
to
healthHealth
determinantsEnlargementInternational
cooperationDeveloping
health
indicators
and
data
collectionAnalysing
and
reporting
on
healthDissemination
of
health
informationE­
healthCommitteePrevious
Programmes
Risk
assessment
Scientific
committees
On
Toxicity,
Ecotoxicity
and
the
Environment
Opinions
Opinion
on
Selection
of
a
Community
wide
mineral
oils
marking
system,
("
Euromarker")
Safety
of
the
preferred
candidate
adopted
at
the
11th
CSTEE
plenary
meeting
on
the
28th
of
September
1999
1.
Background
Certain
mineral
oils
may
be
used
for
several
different
purposes
and
taxed
at
different
rates
of
duty.
In
the
case
of
diesel
fuel
for
road
vehicles,
it
may
also
be
used
as
heating
gas
oil
and
in
this
case
is
normally
sold
a
much
lower
prices.
Gas
oil
for
agricultural
and
marine
use
may
also
benefit
from
reduced
tax
rates.
This
being
the
case,
there
is
a
financial
incentive
to
misuse
heating
fuel
as
road
fuel
and
most
Member
States
combat
this
by
adding
a
fiscal
mark
to
fuels
released
at
reduced
tax
rates.

This
fiscal
mark
consists
of
two
parts.
Firstly
a
tracer
chemical
is
used
which
can
be
detected
by
a
simple
roadside
test
using
a
reagent.
In
addition,
a
dye
is
also
used
to
give
an
immediate
visual
indication
that
the
fuel
has
not
borne
the
full
rate
of
tax.

Council
Directive
95/
60/
EC
provides
the
legal
base
for
the
introduction
of
a
standard
marking
system
for
use
throughout
the
Community.
It
was
negotiated
under
the
auspices
of
Article
9
of
Council
Directive
92/
81/
EEC
(
the
mineral
oils
structures
Directive)
and
was
adopted
in
December
1995.
A
call
for
expressions
of
interest,
which
listed
a
number
of
criteria
that
should
be
met,
including
health
and
safety
provisions,
was
then
issued
and
a
number
of
products
were
submitted
for
consideration.
Extensive
evaluation
and
testing
was
conducted
by
IRC
Ispra
and
JRMM
Geel
assisted
by
the
Customs
laboratories
of
the
Member
States.
Combustion
testing
was
also
carried
out
by
Stazione
Sperimentale
per
I
Combustibili
in
Milan
and
this
showed
no
detectable
differences
between
emissions
from
marked
and
unmarked
fuel.

Following
this
testing,
the
Solvent
Yellow
124
(
N­
ethyl­
N­[
2­[
1­(
2­
methylpropoxy)
ethoxyl]
ethyl]
­
4­
phenylazo]­
benzeneamine]
system
was
selected
as
that
which
most
closely
met
the
required
criteria.

This
product
is
marketed
by
BASF
as
Sudan
455
marker
and
is
also
marketed
by
several
other
manufacturers.
It
should
be
noted
that
the
selection
of
mineral
oil
marking
systems
covers
only
the
standardisation
of
the
tracer
chemical
because
the
type
and
colour
of
dye
remains
a
matter
for
individual
Member
States.
However,
two
Member
States
have
concerns
about
this
product,
The
UK
which
has
a
problem
with
illicit
removal
('
laundering')
and
feels
this
is
too
easily
achieved
with
this
product
and
Denmark
which
has
health
and
safety
concerns.

The
Danish
concerns
stem
from
the
chemical
structures
as
an
azo
dye
and
from
the
problems
in
Sweden
that
were
initially
suspected
to
have
been
caused
by
the
introduction
of
SY124
but
these
were
eventually
attributed
to
a
change
in
fuel
specification
following
a
Swedish
study.
There
were
plans
to
introduce
SY124
in
Denmark
at
the
end
of
1997
but
these
were
abandoned
at
the
last
minute
due
to
a
press
campaign
claiming
that
the
product
posed
an
additional
health
risk
compared
to
unmarked
products.
Denmark
is
now
seeking
confirmation
that
the
marked
fuel
is
no
more
harmful
than
an
unmarked
product.

The
product
has
been
in
use
for
some
10
years
in
a
number
of
Member
States.
Because
only
some
testing
has
been
carried
out
by
the
manufacturer
as
well
as
during
the
Swedish
investigation,
Denmark
still
has
reservations.
These
centre
on
the
reaction
of
the
SY124
system
and
the
potential
reaction
with
the
dyes
used.

The
CSTEE
has
been
asked
to
examine
this
problem
and
if
possible
to
conclude
that
the
risks
to
human
health
from
the
marked
product
are
no
greater
than
those
posed
by
the
unmarked
fuel.
The
impact
on
the
environment
has
not
been
addressed.

Originally
the
following
background
material
has
been
provided
to
the
CSTEE:

1.
Preliminary
evaluation
of
the
product
by
IRMM
Geel
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
1)

2.
Results
of
the
SSC
combustion
tests
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
2)

3.
Excise
Committee
working
paper
CED
273
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
3)

4.
Correspondence
from
Danish
Environment
Service
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
4)

5.
Summary
of
Swedish
Gr
n
diesel
report
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
5)

6.
BASF­
study
report
on
acute
toxicity,
skin
irritation
and
eye
irritation
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
7/
C)

7.
BASF­
study
report
on
mutagenicity
test
using
micro­
organisms
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
7/
D)

8.
BASF­
study
report
on
Metaphase
analysis
of
chromosomal
aberration
in
cultured
mammalian
cells
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
7/
E)

9.
Publication
of
Fischer
and
Bjarnson
(
1996)
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
7/
F)

Additional
information
received
subsequently
is
given
in
the
text.
Information
on
analytical
procedures
also
provided
(
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
8­
10)
are
not
used
in
this
report.

In
October
1993,
a
marking
system
was
introduced
in
Sweden
for
diesel
oils
used
in
working
machines
and
for
the
purpose
of
house
heating.
The
added
dyes
are:

Solvent
Yellow
124
(
Somalia
Yellow,
T10
Yellow
LBN)
CAS
34432­
92­
3
Solvent
Blue
79
(
Sudan
Blue)
CAS
64553­
79­
3,
90170­
70­
0
Solvent
Blue
98
(
Automate
Blue)
CAS
74499­
36­
8
After
the
introduction
of
the
coloured
oil
products,
reports
of
complaints
and
symptoms
started
to
appear
from
people
occupationally
exposed,
especially
among
workers
using
wood
harvesters.
Some
of
the
symptoms
reported
were
headache
and
skin
and
airway
irritations.
This
raised
concern
about
the
health
effects
of
the
added
colours,
and
led
the
Swedish
Government
to
appoint
a
commission
to
evaluate
the
marker
system.
The
commission
initiated
several
studies
and
published
a
report
(
Gr
n
diesel
1995).
The
Swedish
commission
considered
it
unlikely
that
the
health
problems
reported
in
conjunction
with
exposure
to
coloured
diesel
oil
could
be
attributed
to
the
markers
and
dyes
used.
The
inherent
mutagenic
and
environmentally
hazardous
properties
of
the
dyes
as
such,
however,
do
mean
that
alternative
markers
and
dyes
would
be
desirable.
None
of
the
alternative
substances
used
for
similar
purposes
in
other
countries
appeared
to
offer
any
advantages.
The
Swedish
commission
emphasised
that
when
better
alternatives
are
available
in
terms
of
mutagenicity
and
environmental
impact,
they
must
be
introduced
according
to
the
substitution
principle.
The
low
concentrations
of
the
substances
up
to
6
ppm
in
diesel
oil
and
the
practically
total
combustion
do
mean,
however,
that
the
short­
term
and
long­
term
risks,
seen
in
terms
of
occupational
health,
may
be
considered
extremely
small
when
the
markers
and
dyes
are
used
for
the
intended
purpose.

The
CSTEE
used
this
data
and
other
found
in
the
literature
or
provided
by
BASF
to
evaluate
the
toxicology
of
the
dye
Solvent
Yellow
124
and
its
contribution
to
the
overall
toxicology
of
diesel
oils.

2.
Toxicology
of
Solvent
Yellow
124:

Solvent
Yellow
is
an
azo­
dye
and
a
structural
analogue
of
the
carcinogenic
p­
dimethylaminoazobenzene.
The
other
dyes
Solvent
Blue
79
and
Solvent
Blue
98
are
antraquinone
derivatives.
All
compounds
are
genotoxic
in
in
vitro
test
systems.

Acute
Toxicity
The
LD50
in
rats
after
oral
application
is
approximately
7.5
ml/
kg
(
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
C).

Skin
Irritation
A
patch
test,
which
has
been
performed
according
to
FDA
with
6
rabbits
showed
slightly
irritating
properties.
0.5
ml
of
the
compound
has
been
applied
to
the
shaved
dorsal
skin
in
part
intact,
in
part
scarified.
The
macroscopic
investigations
were
performed
24
and
72
hrs
after
application.
No
erythema
or
scabs
occurred
in
the
intact
and
scarified
skin,
whereas
oedema
was
found
in
the
scarified
skin
(
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
C).
Eye
Irritation
The
test
has
been
performed
according
to
FDA
and
showed
a
slightly
irritating
effect.
0.1
ml
have
been
applied
to
the
right
eyes
of
6
albino
rabbits
which
thereafter
have
been
observed
up
to
7
days.
The
maximal
effect
has
been
seen
at
24
hrs
(
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
C).

In
vitro
Genotoxicity
Tests
The
chemical
has
been
tested
using
S.
typhimurium
strains
TA
98,
100,
1535,
and
1537
as
well
as
E.
coli
WP2uvrA­
with
and
without
metabolic
activation.
The
compound
has
been
applied
at
50,
100,
500,
1000,
and
5000
m
g/
plate.
A
dose
dependent
increase
in
the
number
of
reverting
colonies
from
about
30
to
about
170
per
plate
was
seen
in
TA
98
strains
in
the
presence
of
metabolic
activation
(
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
D).

In
a
fibroblastic
cell
line
derived
from
Chinese
hamster
lung
(
CHL/
IU)
cells
the
compound
did
not
induce
chromosome
aberrations.
Maximum
concentrations
have
been
625
m
g/
ml
during
continuous
incubation
for
24
and
48
hrs
without
S­
9
metabolising
system
and
for
18
hrs
in
the
presence
of
S­
9
(
The
Centre
of
Japan
Biological
Chemistry
1988)
(
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
E).

Skin­
sensitisation
and
Irritation
of
3
diesel
oil
classes
and
three
indicator
dyes
(
Fischer
and
Bjarnason
1996):

Three
dyes,
Solvent
Yellow
124,
Solvent
Blue
79
and
89,
have
been
tested
as
individual
compounds
or
in
the
3
diesel
fuels
MK1,
MK2,
and
MK3
(
environmental
classes
I,
II
and
III).

The
individual
dyes
in
petrolatum
up
to
10
%
(
v/
v)
did
not
induce
irritation
in
15
volunteers.
Three
individuals
were
tested
with
the
dyes
as
delivered
and
two
of
these
showed
discrete
erythematous
reactions
to
Solvent
Blue
98
(
60
%
in
naphtha).
The
other
dyes
did
not
induce
reactions
at
full
strength.
In
experiments
with
15
volunteers
and
15
workers
who
had
previously
reported
skin
diseases
from
green
diesel,
the
Diesel
oils
of
environmental
classes
I
and
II
proved
to
be
strong
irritants
after
24
h
exposure
and
have
been
more
irritating
than
Diesel
oil
class
III.
The
latter
is
an
elder
formulation
with
higher
content
of
aromatic
hydrocarbons
and
higher
viscosity.
Presence
of
one,
two
or
three
dyes
at
concentrations
up
to
6
ppm
(
Solvent
Yellow
124,
3­
5
ppm
Solvent
Blue
79
and
98)
did
not
change
the
irritant
properties
of
the
Diesel
fuels.
Urticarial
reactions
have
not
been
observed
with
the
single
dyes
at
10
v/
v
%
in
4
volunteers,
nor
in
15
volunteers
exposed
to
Diesel
fuels
with
and
without
dyes.

In
the
15
men
with
previous
skin
disease
the
same
differences
of
irritancy
of
the
Diesel
oils
occurred
as
in
the
control
persons
and
no
contact
allergy
or
urticaria
was
observed
due
to
the
dyes
or
dyed
diesel
oils
using
the
different
conditions.

It
is
concluded
that
the
skin
diseases
which
have
been
preferentially
observed
in
unprotected
workers
which
were
directly
exposed
to
"
green
Diesel"
are
unlikely
to
be
due
to
the
dyes.
It
has
also
been
reported
that
these
effects
have
not
been
seen
when
the
workers
handled
the
Diesel
using
protective
measures
as
recommended.

The
authors
also
conclude
that
the
irritation
reported
from
"
green
diesel"
is
probably
due
to
the
change
from
"
heavier"
to
"
lighter"
oil,
which
may
be
more
irritating
to
the
skin,
at
the
same
time
that
dyes
were
added
to
distinguish
oils
meant
to
be
used
for
different
purposes.

3.
Combustion
products
(
Gr
n
Diesel
report)

Health
problems
were
also
reported
concerning
eye
and
upper
respiratory
tract
irritation,
headaches
and
tiredness
after
exposure
to
exhausts
from
the
combustion
of
coloured
oil.
A
questionnaire
was
sent
out
to
281
drivers
of
wood
harvesters
in
a
northern
part
of
Sweden.
83
of
those
reported
some
health
problems
in
connection
with
coloured
diesel
oil.
Eventually,

16
machine
drivers
along
with
16
controls
took
part
in
an
inhalation
study.
They
were
exposed
during
1
h
to
diluted
exhausts
(
0,25
%)
from
the
combustion
of
coloured
and
uncoloured
diesel
oil
of
environmental
class
I
and
class
II.

There
were
no
significant
effects
on
lung
function,
airway
reactivity
or
performance
in
psychometric
tests
from
the
exposure
to
diluted
diesel
exhaust.
A
slight
increase
in
inflammatory
markers
in
nasal
lavage
was
noted
in
the
machine
drivers
group,
only
after
the
exposure
to
exhausts
from
environmentally
class
II
non­
coloured
diesel.
The
machine
drivers
group
experienced
a
higher
rate
of
symptoms
such
as
headache,
cough,
and
eye,
nose
and
throat
irritation
after
exposure
to
diesel
exhausts
compared
to
clean
air,
and
the
control
persons
noted
the
smell
of
diesel
exhaust.
However,
there
was
no
difference
in
symptoms
between
coloured
and
non­
coloured
fuel
(
Nielsson
et
al
1994).

Chemical
analysis
and
mutagenicity
tests
on
exhausts
from
coloured
and
non­
coloured
environmental
class
I
diesel
showed
no
significant
differences.
The
fraction
of
unburnt
Solvent
Yellow
124
in
the
emissions
from
a
diesel
engine
and
from
a
domestic
boiler
was
shown
to
be
less
than
0.01
%
and
0.0001
%,
respectively
(
Gr
gg
et
al
1995).

4.
Toxicology
of
diesel
fuels
and
heating
oils
(
CONCAVE
1996)

Gas
oil
products
comprise
among
others
automotive
fuels,
heating
oils
and
marine
fuel.
These
oils
are
complex
and
contain
variable
mixtures
of
hydrocarbons,
predominantly
of
carbon
range
C11
to
C25
and
boiling
over
a
temperature
interval
150
to
450
C.
Automotive
fuels
for
diesel
engines
are
market
as
automotive
gas
oil,
automotive
diesel
fuel,
diesel
fuel
No.
2
and
rail
road
engine
gas
oil.

Gas
oil
products
contain
straight
and
branched
chain
alkanes
(
paraffins),
cycloalkanes
(
naphthenes),
aromatic
hydrocarbons
and
mixed
aromatic
cycloalkanes
(
cycloalkanoaromatics).

Most
commercial
gas
oil
products
contain
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(
PAH).
In
straight­
run
gas
oil
components
these
are
mainly
2
and
3­
ring
compounds,
with
relatively
low
concentrations
of
4
to
6­
ring
PAHs.
The
use
of
heavier
atmospheric,
vacuum
or
cracked
gas
oil
components
is
likely
to
result
in
an
increase
in
the
content
of
4
to
6­
ring
PAHs,
some
of
which
are
known
to
be
carcinogenic.

Commercially
available
gas
oil
products
may
contain
low
concentrations
of
additives
such
as
flow
improvers,
corrosion
inhibitors,
defoamers,

dyes/
markers,
anti­
oxidants,
stability
improvers,
cetane
improvers,
detergents
and
anti­
static
additives.

There
are
68
substances
listed
in
EINECS,
which
describe
the
gas
oils
which
may
be
used
for
the
vehicle
and
heating
fuels.
Many
of
them
are
in
the
list
of
dangerous
substances
(
Annex
I
of
the
Classification
and
Labelling
Directive
­
67/
548/
EEC),
some
of
them
are
classified
as
carcinogens.

The
toxicity
of
a
number
of
gas
oils
and
marketed
fuel
has
been
investigated
by
API,
DGMK,
CONCAVE
and
others
(
see
CONCAVE
4.1
Toxicity).

Animal
Experiments
AcuteToxicity
The
oral
LD50
values
in
rats
are
several
g/
kg
with
clinical
signs
including
hypoactivity,
ataxia,
incontinence,
hair
loss
and
gastric
haemorrhage/
irritation.

The
dermal
LD50
in
rabbits
were
above
2g/
kg
with
marked
irritation
in
the
treatment
area.

The
LC50
upon
inhalation
was
about
5
mg/
l
with
marked
inflammation
of
the
respiratory
tract
and
the
lungs.

Irritancy
and
sensitisation
The
several
gas
oil
products
tested
induced
moderate
to
severe
skin
irritation
but
no
eye
irritation.
In
a
modified
Buehler
Test
no
sensitisation
has
been
found.

Subacute/
subchronic
studies
Gas
oil
streams
have
been
investigated
in
dermal
studies
over
periods
of
4
or
13
weeks
and
inhalation
studies
for
4
weeks.

In
the
dermal
studies,
significant
severe
skin
irritation
at
all
doses
(
approx.
2­
8
g/
kg/
day)
occurred;
reduced
body
weights
were
seen
at
125
and
500
mg/
kg/
day.

Upon
inhalation
up
to
4
weeks
inflammatory
changes
in
the
nasal
tissues
and
lungs
of
rats
at
about
20
mg/
m
were
seen.

Carcinogenicity
In
a
series
of
mouse
skin
painting
studies
with
different
gas
oils
applied
2
x
per
week
up
to
2
years
all
materials
which
have
been
tested
caused
the
development
of
benign
and
malignant
skin
tumours.
A
common
feature
was
the
occurrence
of
severe
skin
irritation
and
a
long
latency
period
before
tumours
developed
(
e.
g.
90
weeks).

Genotoxicity
In­
vitro
bacterial
mutagenicity
assays
indicate
that
the
hydrotreated
or
hydrodesulphurized
straight
run
gas
oil
components
range
in
activity
from
inactive
to
weakly
positive.
The
mouse
lymphoma
assays
which
have
been
conducted
on
the
straight
run
gas
oils
without
subsequent
hydrodesulphurization
have
yielded
positive
results
in
the
presence
of
S9
metabolic
activation.
The
3
components
which
have
been
subjected
to
hydrodesulphurization
were
only
weakly
positive
or
positive
in
the
presence
of
S9
and
negative
without
S9.
The
in­
vivo
bone
marrow
cytogenetics
assays
and
sister
chromatid
exchange
assay
were
negative
for
straight
run
components,
with
or
without
hydrodesulphurization.

Developmental
Toxicity
A
sample
of
commercially
available
diesel
fuel
was
examined
in
a
teratology
study
in
rats.
Pregnant
rats
were
exposed
to
102
or
402
ppm
of
diesel
fuel
vapour
on
days
5
through
15
of
pregnancy.
The
only
sign
of
maternal
toxicity
was
a
reduction
in
food
consumption
at
the
highest
exposure
concentration.
No
foetotoxic
or
teratogenic
effects
were
observed
in
the
study.

Developmental
toxicity
studies
have
been
carried
out
in
rats
on
six
gas
oils
applied
to
the
skin
daily
on
days
0
through
19
of
gestation.
The
dose
levels
varied
for
each
gas
oil
but
ranged
from
8
up
to
1000
mg/
kg/
day.

With
the
exception
of
the
coker
light
gas
oil,
all
other
materials
tested
caused
foetotoxicity
(
increased
resorptions,
reduced
litter
weight,
reduced
litter
size)
at
doses
which
also
caused
maternal
toxicity
(
mainly
reduced
weight
gain,
but
also
increased
liver
weight,
reduced
thymus
weight).

Human
Experience
Occupational
exposure
to
gas
oil
products
results
in
irritation
of
the
skin,
mucous
membranes
and
central
nervous
system
depression.

Irritation
of
mucous
membranes
of
the
upper
respiratory
tract
was
seen
at
concentrations
well
above
5
mg/
m
.
Accidental
eye
contact
with
liquid
gas
oil
may
cause
mild,
transient
stinging
or
redness,
as
well
as
exposure
to
high
concentrations
of
mist
or
vapour.

Excessive
exposure
under
conditions
of
poor
personal
hygiene
may
lead
to
irritation,
dermatitis
and
also
oil
acne
and
folliculitis,
leading
to
warty
growth
which
may
become
malignant.

5.
Conclusions
The
CSTEE
has
evaluated
the
available
information
on
the
toxicology
of
diesel
oil
and
of
Solvent
Yellow
124
used
as
an
additive
in
diesel
oil
and
the
reports
on
the
symptoms
observed
in
workers
exposed
to
coloured
diesel
oil
and
its
combustion
products.

The
CSTEE
considers
it
unlikely
that
the
health
problems
reported
in
conjunction
with
exposure
to
coloured
diesel
oil
products
could
be
attributed
to
the
dye
used
at
concentrations
up
to
6
ppm.
The
inherent
toxicity
of
diesel
oil
itself
explains
the
symptoms
reported
by
exposed
persons.
The
occupational
health
risks
of
the
low
concentrations
of
6ppm
Solvent
Yellow
124
in
diesel
oil
are
considered
small.

However,
the
toxicological
and
ecotoxicological
databases
of
Solvent
Yellow
124
are
poor
and
do
not
meet
the
requirements
of
a
large
volume
product.
Data
on
the
stability
of
the
azo
dye
should
be
provided.
The
database
must
be
improved
before
an
appropriate
risk
assessment
can
be
made.

6.
References
CONCAVE:
Gas
oils
(
diesel
fuels/
heating
oils).
Product
dossier
no.
95/
107,
Brussels,
September
1996.

Fischer
T
and
Bjarnason
B:
Sensitising
and
irritant
properties
of
3
environmental
classes
of
diesel
oil
and
their
indicator
dyes.
Contact
Dermatitis
34,
309­
315,
1996.

Gr
n
Diesel
­
Environmental
and
Health
Risks:
Report
from
the
Commission
on
the
marker
system
for
certain
oil
products.
Swedish
Official
Report
Series
1995:
3,
Ministry
of
Finance,
Stockholm,
Sweden
(
Swedish
with
English
Summary.

See
CSTEE/
99/
3­
Add.
5).

Gr
gg
K
et
al:
Chemical
analyses
and
biological
tests
in
combustion
emissions
from
coloured
and
non­
coloured
diesel
fuel
(
Swedish)
1995.
Annex
8
of
Gr
n
diesel
report.

Nilsson
C­
A
et
al:
Acute
effects
of
inhalation
of
combustion
emissions
from
coloured
and
non­
coloured
diesel
fuel
(
Swedish)
1994.
Annex
3
of
Gr
n
diesel
report.

Siemiatycki
J.
et
al:
Associations
between
several
sites
of
cancer
and
twelve
petroleum­
derived
liquids:
Results
from
a
case­
referent
study
in
Montreal.
Scand
J
Work
Envir
Health
13,
493­
504,
1987.

List
of
documents
made
available
to
the
Scientific
Committee
on
Toxicity,
Ecotoxicity
and
the
Environment
via
its
Secretariat
to
help
it
reach
the
opinion
requested
by
the
services
of
the
Commission
on
the
subject
of
"
Mineral
oil
marking
system",
(
Euromarker)
­
safety
of
the
preferred
candidate
CSTEE/
99/
3
Selection
of
a
Community
wide
mineral
oil
marking
system
­
Safety
of
the
preferred
product.

Note
from
Mike
Bott,
Head
of
Unit
DG
XXI/
C/
4
(
27/
4/
99)

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
1
Preliminary
evaluation
of
proposals
submitted
after
the
call
for
expression
of
interest
96/
C45/
10
and
recommendation
to
the
Excise
Sub­
Committee
of
DG
XXI.
Preliminary
evaluation
of
the
product
(
Sudan
Marker
455
liquid
­
C.
I.
Solvent
Yellow
124)
by
IRMM
Geel.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
2
Presentation
and
results
of
the
SSC
combustion
tests
(
subcommittee
meeting
of
1
July
1998).

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
3
Excise
Committee
­
Selection
of
a
fiscal
marker
for
gas
oil
and
Kerosene
(
EUROMARKER)
­
Recommendations
for
the
Euromarker
sub­
Committee)

Working
document
CED
N
273
­
XXI/
1273/
98­
EN.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
4
Correspondence
from
Danish
Environment
Service
­

Colouring
of
gas
and
diesel
oil
­
Euromarker
(
22
December
1998).

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
5
Summary
of
Swedish
study.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
6
Sudan
Marker
455
Liquid.

Safety
data
sheet
(
version
4
­
revised
20.03.1996)
according
to
91/
155/
EEC
from
BASF
Aktiensgesellschaft
Fax
from
CCR
Ispra
­
4/
5/
99.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
A
Note
from
Mr.
Mike
Bott,
acting
Head
of
Unit
DG
XXI,
to
Mr.
Costa­
David
concerning
"
Selection
of
a
Euromarker
­
Safety
of
the
preferred
product"
­
Health
and
safety
aspects
of
Solvent
Yellow
124
­
21/
05/
99.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
B
Fax
from
Dr.
Christos
Vamvakaris,
BASF
AG,
EFM/
SAM,
to
Mrs.
Brigitte
Hiller,
Joint
Research
Centre
­
Ispra
­
20/
04/
98
­
concerning
Sudan
Marker
455
liq.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
C
Somalia
Yellow
LBN
Liquid.

Compound
:
T
10
Yellow
LBN
(
xylene
solution)
­
Solvent
Yellow
124.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
D
Report
­
"
Mutagenicity
test
using
Micro­
organisms"
made
by
Research
Laboratory
"
The
Centre
of
Japan
Biological
Chemistry
Co.,
LTD"
on
Solvent
Yellow
124
­
20/
07/
1988.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
E
Report
­
"
Metaphase
Analysis
of
Chromosomal
Aberration
in
Cultured
Mammalian
Cells"
made
by
Research
Laboratory
"
The
Centre
of
Japan
Biological
Chemistry
Co.,
LTD"
on
Solvent
Yellow
124
­
25/
11/
1988.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
7/
F
Report
from
T.
Fischer
&
B.
Bjarnason
(
National
Institute
for
Working
Life,
Solna,
Sweden)
on
"
Sensitising
and
irritant
properties
of
3
environmental
classes
of
diesel
oil
and
their
indicator
dyes"
­
4/
10/
1995.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
8
Journal
article
­
Sundberg,
N.
et
al.:
"
HPLC
analysis
of
Solvent
Yellow
124
­
The
marker
in
Diesel
Oil"
(
Journal
of
Forensic
Sciences,
Vol.
41,
n.
2,
March
1996,
pp.
300­
303)
­
3/
96
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
9
Journal
article
­
Barbieri,
M.
and
Mascherpa,
A.:

"
Determinazione
mediante
HPLC
dei
denaturanti
nei
prodotti
petroliferi
destinati
alla
carburazione"
(
La
Rivista
dei
Combustibili,
vol.

49,
fasc.
11­
12,
novembre­
dicembre
1995)
­
12/
95
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
10
Journal
article
­
Henricsson,
S.
and
Westerholm,
R.:
"
Liquid
chromatographic
method
for
analysing
the
colour
marker
Solvent
Yellow
124,
N­
ethyl­
N[
2­(
1­
isobutoxyethoxy)
ethyl](
4­
phenylaz
ophenyl)
amine,
in
diesel
fuels"
(
Journal
of
Chromatography
A,
vol.
723,
1996,
pp.
395­
398
­
1996.

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
11/
A
Report
from
Morton
International
Limited
(
Hounslow,
Middlesex,
UK):
"
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Automate
Blue
8GHF"
­
15/
11/
96
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
11/
B
Report
from
Morton
International
Limited
(
Hounslow,
Middlesex,
UK):
"
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Automate
Blue
8G"
­
8/
8/
95
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
12
Colour
Index
International
Pigments
and
Solvent
Dyes
(
from
ETAD),
pp.
208
(
Solvent
Yellow
124),
255
(
Solvent
Blue
79)
and
256
(
Solvent
Blue
98).

CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
13
Report
"
Experiences
from
introducing
a
mineral
oil
marking
system
in
Sweden",
by
Prof.
K.
Victorin
­
23/
8/
99
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
14
Draft
text
by
Prof.
H.
Greim
­
23/
8/
99
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
15
E­
mail
from
Mss.
Birgit
Sokull­
Kluettgen
(
JRC
Ispra)
to
Jorge
Costa­
David
(
EC,
Health
and
consumer
protection
Directorate­
General)
regarding
the
absence
of
information
on
the
three
chemicals
under
study
in
the
ECB's
databases
­
19/
8/
99
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
16
List
of
searches
for
documentation
carried
out
between
20/
7/
99
and
mid
August
99
with
the
respective
results
­
30/
8/
99
CSTEE/
99/
3
­
Add.
17
2
tests
:

­
CI
Solvent
Yellow
124
(
CAS­
No.
34432­
92­
3)

­
CI
Solvent
Blue
79
(
CAS­
No.
90170­
70­
0)

BASF
AG
­
29/
7/
1999.

Related
to
Risk
Assessment
Speeches
Press
Release
Events
Publications
Links
Key
documents
Legal
documents
Projects
